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diff --git a/old/10950-8.txt b/old/10950-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a2f1a4e --- /dev/null +++ b/old/10950-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1976 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction + Vol. 13, No. 355., Saturday, February 7, 1829 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: February 5, 2004 [EBook #10950] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + + + + +THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + +VOL 13, No. 355., SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1829. [PRICE 2d.] + + + + +VILLAS IN THE REGENT'S PARK. + + + + +[Illustration: MARQUESS OF HERTFORD'S VILLA.] + +[Illustration: DORIC VILLA.] + + +The definition of the word _villa_ is a country seat; but the reader +will ask, how can a country seat be in the midst of a metropolis, or in +its brick and mortar confines? The term, however, admits of various +modifications. The villas of the Romans resembled large city palaces +removed into the country, and some of them were four times larger than +Versailles with its three thousand apartments. The villas of modern +Rome likewise more resemble palaces than abodes of domestic +convenience; and one of them, the Villa Mondrogone, has more windows +than there are days in the year. Such are the Italian villas, of which +the name conveys as accurate an idea as the English reader acquires +from the French _chateau_, which, in reality, implies a comfortless +factory-looking abode, with a blaze of fresco embellishments. + +The first engraving in the annexed page is the villa, or, we should +rather say, the suburban retreat, of the Marquess of Hertford, designed +by Mr. Decimus Burton. The noble owner, who has enjoyed the peculiar +advantages of travel, and is a man of _vertu_ and fine taste, has +selected a design of beautiful simplicity and chastity of style. The +entrance-hall is protected by a hexastyle (six column) portico of that +singular Athenian order, which embellishes the door of the Tower of the +Winds. The roof is Venetian, with projecting eaves; and the wings are +surmounted by spacious glass lanterns, which light the upper rooms. The +buildings and offices are on a larger scale than any other in the park, +and correspond in style with the opulence of the noble owner. The +offices are spread out, like the villas of the ancients, upon the +ground-floor. Adjoining the front of the villa is a tent-like canopy, +surmounting a spacious apartment, set aside, we believe, for splendid +_dejeuné_ entertainments in the summer. This roof may be seen from +several parts of the park. The entrance lodge is particularly chaste, +the gates are in handsome park-like style; and the plantations and +ornamental gardens in equally good taste. The establishment is, as we +have said, the most extensive in the Regent's Park, and is in every +respect in correspondent taste with the beautiful Italian fronted town +residence of the noble marquess, opposite the Green Park, in +Piccadilly; and its luxurious comforts well alternate with the +fashionable hospitalities of Sudborne Hall, the veritable _country +seat_ of this distinguished nobleman. + +The second engraving is another specimen of the Regent's Park villa +style. The order is handsome Doric; but much cannot be said in praise +of its adaptation to a suburban residence. It nevertheless adds the +charm of variety to the buildings that stud and encircle the park, and +intermingle with lawns and bowery walks with more prettiness than rural +character. + + + * * * * * + + +DESTRUCTION OF THE INTERIOR OF YORK MINSTER.[1] + + +On Monday morning last, this magnificent structure was discovered to be +on fire. Soon after the alarm was given, the bells of twenty-three +churches announced the dismal tidings; but for some time the people +looked upon the report as a hoax, and it was not until after the lapse +of an hour that the city was fairly roused to a sense of the impending +calamity. + +On the Sunday evening previous, there was service in the Minster, as +usual, and all appeared to be left safe. A light was, however, observed +in the building, by a man passing through the Minster-yard, about four +o'clock on Monday morning; but he supposed some workmen were employed +there, and passed on without inquiry. Between six and seven o'clock, +the discovery was made in an extraordinary manner. One of the +choristers passing through the Minster-yard, accidentally stepping on a +piece of ice, was thrown on his back, in which position he saw a +quantity of smoke issuing from the roof. + +In a letter dated York, February 2nd, the writer thus hastily describes +the extent of the conflagration:-- + +The first appearance I observed was the issue of an immense volume of +smoke from the junction of the western towers with the nave, a smaller +column from the great tower, and a third column from the roof of the +choir, thus presenting the appearance of the building being on fire in +all parts, whilst a dense smoke filled the interior to such a degree as +to preclude the immediate entrance of the firemen. At length, the +engines were rolled into the august edifice, when a scene beyond all +description presented itself; the interior of the choir enveloped in +flames, reflected upon the beautiful stained glass. The flames soon +burst through the roof of the choir, and in less than an hour the whole +was in a blaze, and the melted lead poured down the spouting. The roof +soon fell in, in about five or six dreadful crashes. Every effort was +made to prevent the flames spreading to the transept and nave, and I +trust with success, for though the engines are now (midnight) still +playing, I do not find that there is any other fire than the remains of +the roof on the floor of the choir. + +[Footnote 1: No. 162, vol. vi., of the MIRROR, contains a fine view of +the Minster. The first religious foundation here by the Christians was +about the year 672. The Minster was burnt down in 1137, and lay in +ruins till the year 1171. The late cathedral was completed about the +year 1370. Appended to our engraving is an accurate historical and +architectural description of the whole fabric.] + +The damage may be summed up thus: The roof of the choir quite gone, the +wood work on each side consumed, the matchless organ entirely +destroyed, many monuments broken, and the communion plate melted. On +the other hand, the east window is entire to the surprise of every one, +the screen is uninjured, although immediately below the organ, the +records in the vestry, the horn of Ulphus,[2] the coronation chair, and +the brass eagle are saved, and the wills in the Prerogative office are +all safely lodged in Belfrey's Church. For some time the city was in +considerable danger; flakes of fire were carried as far as the Lord +Mayor's Walk; providentially there was very little wind. + +[Footnote 2: The horn of Ulphus is one of the greatest curiosities in +possession of the church of York. It appears like the hollowed tusk of +an elephant, and the length of its curvature is from 18 to 24 inches. +It is the title deed by which the church of St. Peters holds lands to a +considerable value, given to it before the Heptarchy by Ulphus, king of +Deira and Northumbria. It is said, that when he presented it to the +church, he filled it with wine, which he drank off to its future +success. If the story be true, Ulphus must have been one of the most +strong-headed, as well as one of the must pious kings of his day; for +the draught which he is alleged to have swallowed would be sufficient +to upset the sobriety of any two men, such as men now are. The horn was +preserved by the successive possessors of St. Peter's with the most +careful affection during all the commotions of the Danish and Norman +invasions; but was stolen from them in the general confusion which +pervaded the city of York after the battle of Marston-moor and it was +delivered up to the Parliamentarian forces under the command of Lord +Fairfax and Cromwell. By some of the accidents of war, it came into the +possession of Lord Fairfax, who is reported to have purchased it of a +common soldier. On the restoration of Charles II., when church-properly +was again secure, his lordship restored it to the cathedral; and there +is now an inscription upon it, recording the gratitude of the Dean and +Chapter for having so valuable a possession restored them. It has now +escaped singularly enough from the destruction which has fallen upon +the other curiosities which were usually kept in the vestry-room; and +remains, as it has done for years past, to be sounded by all those +strong-winded visiters of the Minster who have strength enough to blow +it.] + +From another account we learn that communication with the roof was not +at first apprehended, but the roof of the choir being very dry wood, +soon joined in the conflagration. It is impossible to describe the +awful picture of the flames rising above this majestic building. The +effect produced by the glare of light upon the stained glass of the +windows exceeds description. On the falling of the roof, the house of +prayer, which but the evening before had resounded with the voices of +worshippers, and where all was order and harmony, now resembled a fiery +furnace. The pillars, which once served to divide the choir from the +two side aisles, now stood alone, the whole being an open space, with +the roof burning on the ground, and nothing above but the blue canopy +of heaven. + +Mr. Britton, in his valuable work on York Cathedral, gives a minute +description of that part of the Minster which has been destroyed; from +which the following is extracted:-- + +"After passing through the screen, the visiter is introduced to the +choir, which is grand in scale and rich in adornment. On each side is a +series of 20 stalls, with 12 at the west end, beneath the organ. These +are of oak, and are peculiarly rich in their canopies and carved +decorations. Each seat, or stall, has its movable miserecordia, with +projecting rests for the elbows, from which rise two detached slender +columns, supporting an elaborate canopy. At the eastern end of the +choir is the altar-table, raised above the regular floor by a series of +15 steps. + +"On the north side of the altar, over the grated window that lights the +crypt, is an ancient pew, or gallery, to which there is an ascent by a +flight of narrow stairs, of solid blocks of oak. The exterior of this +gallery is very neat, and it is certainly older than the Reformation. + +"Behind the stalls of the choir are closets, some of which are used as +vestries by the singing-men: modern staircases have been constructed, +leading to the galleries erected above, and which disfigure the view +into the aisles. These closets are fronted, next the aisles, by open +screens of oak, some of which are of excellent carving, and more +elaborate than others. In the centre of the choir stands a desk for the +vicars-choral to chant the litany in; it is enclosed in a pew of carved +wood." + +The Minster was lighted with gas, to which the conflagration was at +first attributed; but the fire appears to have originated in one of the +vestries. When we remember the beauty of the carved work which has thus +been destroyed, and the elaborate skill which had been bestowed on its +execution, our sympathies are deeply awakened for its fate. Indeed, the +most listless admirer of art, as well as the antiquarian devotee, has +just cause to lament this accident; especially as the taste and labours +of our times fall far short of the olden glories of architecture. When +we think of the "unsubstantial pageant" of the recent "Festival," and +associate its fleeting show with the desert remains of this venerable +pile, our feelings deepen into melancholy, and the smoking fragments of +art seem to breathe-- + + Tell thou the lamentable fall of me, + And send the hearers weeping to their beds. + + + * * * * * + + +HARD FROSTS IN ENGLAND. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +In the year +220. Frost lasted 5 months. +250. The Thames frozen 9 weeks. +291. Most rivers frozen 6 weeks. +508. The rivers frozen 2 months. +695. The Thames frozen 6 weeks; booths built on it. +759. Frost from October the 1st, till February 26th, 760. +827. Frost for 9 weeks. +923. The Thames frozen 13 weeks. +987. Frost lasted 120 days. +998. The Thames frozen 5 weeks. +1035. Frost on Midsummer Day so vehement that the + corn and fruits were destroyed. +1063. The Thames frozen for 14 weeks. +1076. Frost from November to April. +1114. Several wooden bridges carried away by the ice. +1407. Frost for 15 weeks. +1434. Thames frozen down to Gravesend; 12 weeks frost. +1683. Frost for 13 weeks. +1739. Frost for 9 weeks. +1788. Frost from November to January +1789, when the Thames was crossed opposite the Customhouse, + the Tower, Execution Dock, Putney, Brentford, &c. It + was general throughout Europe. +1796. Frost the most severe on Dec. 25th + that had ever been felt in the + memory of man. +1814. Severe frost, Thames frozen, and + tremendous falls of snow. + +A French writer who visited England during the severe frost in the year +1688, says, (in a small volume which he published in Paris,) "that +besides hackney-coaches, a large sledge, or sledges, were then +exhibited on the frozen Thames, and that King Charles passed a whole +night upon the ice." + +The following extract is also an account of this frost by an +eye-witness; which may be seen in the _Beauties of England and Wales_, +vol. x. page 83: he says, "On the 20th of December, 1688, a very +violent frost began, which lasted to the 6th of February, in so great +extremity, that the pools were frozen 18 inches thick at least, and the +Thames was so frozen that a great street from the Temple to Southwark +was built with shops, and all manner of things sold. Hackney coaches +plied there as in the streets. There were also bull-baiting, and a +great many shows and tricks to be seen. This day the frost broke up. In +the morning I saw a coach and six horses driven from Whitehall almost +to the bridge (London Bridge) yet by three o'clock that day, February +the 6th, next to Southwark the ice was gone, so as boats did row to and +fro, and the next day all the frost was gone. On Candlemas Day I went +to Croydon market, and led my horse over the ice to the Horseferry from +Westminster to Lambeth; as I came back I led him from Lambeth upon the +middle of the Thames to Whitefriars' stairs, and so led him up by them. +And this day an ox was roasted whole, over against Whitehall. King +Charles and the Queen ate part of it." + +N.B. In 1740, a palace of ice was built by the Empress Anne of Russia, +on the banks of the Neva, 52 feet long, which, when illuminated, had a +surprising effect. + +P. T. W. + + + * * * * * + + +TURKISH PROPHECY. + +(_For the Mirror._) + + +The following is extracted from a book of Prophecies, called Muhamedys, +which is held in veneration by the Turks:--"The Turkish emperor shall +conquer Rome, and make the pope patriarch of Jerusalem; and he shall, +some time after, profess the Mahomedan faith. Christ shall then come, +and show the Christians their error in not having accepted the Alcoran; +and instruct them that the dove which came down from heaven was not the +Holy Ghost, but was Mahomet, who shall be again upon earth thirty +years, and confirm the Alcoran by new miracles. After that time the +power of the Turks shall decline, till they retire into Desert Arabia, +and then there shall be an end of the world. Their overthrow shall be +accomplished by a people from the north, called _caumico fer_, +(yellow-haired sons.) The ruin of Constantinople shall happen in sultan +Mahomet's time; and then the Turks shall be reduced to so few in +number, that sixty Turkish women shall have but one husband among +them." W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS, &c. + +(_Concluded from page 58._) + + +We have formerly alluded to the well-known feats of the weird +sisterhood on the broomstick; but it is affirmed that on these +occasions the spirit left its earthly abode, the body being previously +anointed with the ointment we have described. We cannot better +illustrate this question (the possibility of which has been the +subject-matter of many grave dissertations amongst the literati of +those times) than by giving the substance of the following singular +"Confession," which with many others equally interesting, was made in +1664, (the later days of the profession) before Robert Hunt, Esq., a +"justice with fat capon lined," in the county of Somerset, and in the +presence of "several grave and orthodox divines." + +Elizabeth Styles, of Stoke Triston, in that county, was accused by +"divers persons of credit," of the crimes of witchcraft and sorcery. +She was afterwards found guilty by a jury at Taunton, but died before +the sentence could be carried into effect. She confessed "that the +devil, about ten years since, appeared to her in the shape of a +handsome man, and after of a black dog; that he promised her money, and +that she should live gallantly, and have the pleasure of the world for +twelve years, if she would, with her blood, sign his paper, which was +to give her soul to him, and observe his laws, and that he might suck +her blood. This, after four solicitations, the examinant promised to +do; upon which he pricked the fourth finger of her right hand, between +the middle and upper joints, (where the sign at the examination +remained), and with a drop or two of her blood, she signed the paper +with an O. Upon this the devil gave her sixpence, and vanished +with the paper. That since he hath appeared to her in the shape of a +man, and did so on Wednesday sevennight past, but more usually he +appears in the likeness of a dog, and cat, and a fly like a miller, in +which last he usually sucks in the poll, about four of the clock in the +morning, and did so January 27, and that it usually is pain to her to +be so suckt." When she desired to do harm, she called _Robin_; on his +appearance she opened her wants, saying, _O Satan, give me my purpose._ + +That a short time before, she and other witches had met a "gentleman in +black" in a field, about nine o'clock at night, to devise torments for +one Elizabeth Hill, who had come under their ban; they brought a waxen +image of her, and the "man in black" took and anointed it, saying, _I +baptize thee with this oyl_; and using other words. "He was godfather, +and the examinant and Ann Bishop were godmothers." They called it +Elizabeth; and the black man and weird sisters stuck thorns into +various parts of the luckless image. "After which, they had wine, +cakes, and roast meat, (provided by the gentleman in black,) which they +did eat and drink; and they danced and were very merry," &c. Many of +these unhallowed meetings took place afterwards, and their entertainer, +the gentleman in black--man or devil--seems to have been a regular +_gourmand_, "and never failed to bring with him abundance of excellent +cheer." The customary bill of fare was "wine, good ale, cakes, meat, or +the like." The spirit was, also, rather musical, for he "sometimes +played sweetly on the pipe or cittern," the ladies keeping time with a +dance, (we fear narrowly approaching the modern waltz.) On the whole +they seem to have had joyous doings of it, and wonder ceases that the +demon gained so many proselytes amongst the old women. These nocturnal +meetings were generally held for a similar purpose with the foregoing; +and it appears from the confession before us, that they were conveyed +to them by supernatural means--by that simplest, though despised engine +of loco--(or to coin a a word) aëro-motion--a broomstick. They were +obliged to anoint themselves on these occasions "with an oyl the spirit +brought them;" and they were soon transported to the place of +appointment, using these words in their transit, _"Thout, tout, a tout +tout, throughout and about!"_ and on their return they say "Rentum, +tormentum!" Such is the information conveyed in the confession of +Elizabeth Styles, before these "grave and orthodox divines!" + +They were also gifted by the "gentleman in black" with various other +wonderful powers and attributes. They could transform themselves into +the likeness of any animal in the creation, and therefore the better +execute their schemes of devilry; but, it appears, that they always +wanted that essential part--the tail; and there was a trial gravely +reported by a Lancashire jury, that a soldier having been set to watch +a mill from the depredations of some cats, skilfully whipped off the +leg of the largest, which lo! the next morning, was changed into the +arm of an old witch (who had long been suspected) in the neighbourhood! +This useful faculty of transformation also extended, in some measure, +to the persons of others; for Dr. Bulwer gives the following _easy +recipe_ for "setting a horse or ass' head" on a man's neck and +shoulders:[3]--"Cut off the head of a horse or an ass _(before they be +dead, otherwise the virtue or strength thereof will be less +effectual,)_ and take an earthen vessel of a fit capacity to contain +the same. Let it be filled with the oyl or fat thereof; cover it +close, and daub it over with loam. Let it boil over a soft fire for +three dayes, that the flesh boiled may run into oyl, so as the bones +may be seen. Beat the hair into powder, and mingle the same with the +oyl, and _anoint the heads of the standers by, and they shall seem to +have horses or asses' heads!_ If beasts' heads be anointed with the +like oyl made of a man's head, (we suppose cut off while the said man +was 'alive!') they shall seem to have men's faces, as divers authors +soberly affirm!" + +[Footnote 3: Shakspeare must have derived from this hint, the similar +transformation in "The Midsummer Night's Dream."] + +After dwelling on the dark and malignant qualities of witches, it is +but justice to give a few of the charms which, for a small +remuneration, they would bestow for the benefit of those who sought +their assistance in the hour of trouble. These charms were possessed of +various degrees of virtue, _ex. gratiae._ + +_Against the toothache._--Scarify the gums, in the grief, with the +tooth of one that hath been slain. Otherwise, _galbes, gabat, galdes, +galdat_. Otherwise say, "O horsecombs and sickles that have so many +teeth, come heal me of my toothache!" + +These very simple remedies, if popular, would soon send the concocters +of nostrums for the teeth into the Gazette. + +_To release a woman in travail._--Throw over the top of the house where +the woman lieth in travail, a stone, or any other thing that hath +killed three living creatures: namely, a man, a wild boar, and a +she-bear. + +_Against the headache._--Tie a halter round your head wherewith one +hath been hanged. + +_Against the bite of a mad dog._--Put a silver ring on the ringer, +within which the following words are engraven: _hobay, habas, heber_; +and say to the person bitten by a mad dog, "I am thy saviour, lose not +thy life;" and then prick him in the nose thrice, that at each time he +bleed. Otherwise take pills made of the skull of one that is hanged, +&c. + +_To find her that bewitched your kine._--Put a pair of breeches upon +the cow's head, and beat her out of the pasture with a good cudgel, +upon a Friday, and she will run right to the witch's door, and strike +thereat with her horns. + +We are exceeding our limits, else we should have added several other +pithy receipts, almost worthy of her who made the noted one against the +creaking of a door--"rub a bit of soft soap on the hinges." The most +celebrated and precious charm, however, (for the above are mostly +against every-day occurrences) was the _Agnus Dei_, which was a +"preservative against all manner of evil, a perfect catholicon; and +blessed indeed was the individual who possessed a treasure so +valuable." It was "a little cake, having the picture of a lamb carrying +a flag, on the one side, and Christ's head on the other side, and was +hollow; so that the Gospel of St. John, written on fine paper, was +placed in the concavity thereof;" and was a sovereign remedy against +lightning, the effects of heat, drowning, &c. &c. In some of the above +charms there is a little humour to be found; and as we have previously +observed, such are the effects of faith, that like the amulets of the +east (may not our own sprigs of witch-elm, &c. be so called?) they may +have had in many cases the desired effects in averting disease. + +Reginald Scot furnishes us with directions "how to prevent and cure all +mischief wrought by charms or witchcraft." To prevent the entry of a +witch into a house, nail a horse-shoe in the inside of the outermost +threshold. We believe this rule is still in practice. Also it was a +custom in some countries to nail a wolf's head, or a root of garlic, +over the door, or on the roof of a house. And our Saviour's name, &c. +with four crosses at the four corners of a house, was a protection. The +Romish custom of driving out evil spirits by the smoke of sulphur, is +well known. "Otherwise the perfume made of the gall of a black dog, and +his bloode besmeared on the posts and walls of a house, driveth out of +the doores, both devils and witches." A sprig of witch-elm sewn in the +collar of the doublet, was celebrated amongst our great grandmothers as +a specific against the malignant deeds of the weird sisterhood. + +But we must draw this article to a close. We may well rejoice that we +live in the nineteenth century; and that the disgusting infatuation and +baleful doctrines of witchcraft are gone for ever. + +VYVYAN. + + + + * * * * * + + + +FINE ARTS + + + * * * * * + + +DESCRIPTION OF THE KING'S PALACE, + +_By Mr. Nash, the Architect._ + + +The grand entrance in front, which is to be reserved for the especial +use of his Majesty and the Royal Family, will be composed of white +marble, and will be a faithful model of the arch of Constantine, at +Rome, with the exception of the equestrian figure of his Majesty George +IV. on the top. The workmanship of this arch is expected to rival any +thing of the sort in the kingdom, and to equal the finest works of +antiquity. From each side of the arch a semicircular railing will +extend to the wings, executed in the most beautiful style, in +cast-iron, and surmounted by tips or ornamental spears of mosaic gold. +The area, within, will consist of a grass-plat, in the centre of which +will be an ornamental fountain, and the whole will be bounded by a +graveled road. + +The wing on the left will comprise his Majesty's chapel, the kitchen, +and other offices; and that on the tight, his Majesty's private suite +of apartments. The entrance to the former is from the back, near to +where Buckingham-gate formerly stood, and it is by this door that the +visiters to the palace on gala days will be admitted. Passing through +the building, they will enter a spacious colonnade, which extends along +the front of the body of the palace, and in front of each wing; above +the colonnade is a magnificent balcony, supported by columns of the +Doric order. At the end of each wing is a pediment, supported by +Corinthian columns. The entablature of each pediment is tastefully +filled up with groups of figures in white marble, exquisitely carved in +_alto relievo_, illustrative of the arts and sciences. On the extreme +points of the wing on the left, are fixed statues representing History, +Geography, and Astronomy; and on those of the right wing, Painting, +Music, and Architecture. On the entablature of the pediment, in front +of the main body of the palace, it is intended to place the Arms of +England; and on the top are placed Neptune, with Commerce on one side, +and Navigation on the other. Around the entire building, and above the +windows, is a delicately worked frieze, combining in a scroll the Rose, +the Shamrock, and the Thistle. + +The entrance-hall is about thirty-three feet in height. The pavement is +of white marble slightly veined with blue. The entire hall is bordered +with a scroll of Sienna or yellow, centred with rosettes of +puce-coloured marble, inlaid in the most masterly style of workmanship. +The walls are of Scagliola, and the ceiling is supported by a +succession of white marble pillars. From the hall are the avenues +leading to the state apartments--drawing-rooms, dining-rooms, +throne-room, statue-gallery, picture-gallery, &c. + + + + * * * * * + + + +THE ANECDOTE GALLERY. + + + * * * * * + + +WINDSOR AS IT WAS. + + +The last Number of the _London Magazine_ contains an article of +considerable graphic interest, under the above title. It is written by +one "born within a stone's throw of the castle," and, _ni fallor_, by +the author of the picturesque description of Virginia Water, in the +Magazine for September, last. As the whole article is much too long for +our space, we have abridged it, taking care to retain the most +characteristic portion of the writer's very pleasing reminiscences:-- + +My earliest recollections of Windsor are exceedingly delightful. I was +born within a stone's throw of the Castle-gates; and my whole boyhood +was passed in the most unrestrained enjoyment of the venerable and +beautiful objects by which I was surrounded, as if they had been my own +peculiar and proper inheritance. The king and his family lived in a +plain, barrack-looking lodge at his castle foot, which, in its external +appearance and its interior arrangements, exactly corresponded with the +humble taste and the quiet, domestic habits of George III. The whole +range of the castle, its terrace, and its park, were places dedicated +to the especial pleasures of a school-boy. + +The Park! what a glory was that for cricket and kite-flying. No one +molested us. The beautiful plain immediately under the eastern terrace +was called the Bowling Green;--and, truly, it was as level as the +smoothest of those appendages to suburban inns. We took excellent care +that the grass should not grow too fast beneath our feet. No one +molested us. The king, indeed, would sometimes stand alone for half an +hour to see the boys at cricket; and heartily would he laugh when the +wicket of some confident urchin went down at the first ball. But we did +not heed his majesty. He was a quiet, good-humoured gentleman, in a +long blue coat, whose face was as familiar to us as that of our +writing-master; and many a time had that gracious gentleman bidden us +good morning, when we were hunting for mushrooms in the early dew, and +had crossed his path as he was returning from his dairy, to his eight +o'clock breakfast. Every one knew that most respectable and amiable of +country squires, called His Majesty; and truly there was no inequality +in the matter, for his majesty knew every one. + +I have now no recollection of having, when a child, seen the king with +any of the appendages of royalty, except when he went to town, once a +week, to hold a levee; and then ten dragoons rode before, and ten after +his carriage, and the tradesmen in the streets through which he passed +duly stood at their doors, to make the most profound reverences, as in +duty bound, when their monarch looked "every inch a king." But the bows +were less profound, and the wonderment none at all, when twice a week, +as was his wont during the summer months, his majesty, with all his +family, and a considerable bevy of ancient maids of honour and half-pay +generals, walked through the town, or rode at a slow pace in an open +carriage, to the Windsor theatre, which was then in the High-street. +Reader, it is impossible that you can form an idea of the smallness of +that theatre; unless you have by chance lived in a country town, when +the assembly-room of the head inn has been fitted up with the aid of +brown paper and ochre, for the exhibition of some heroes of the sock +and buskin, vulgarly called strollers. At the old Windsor Theatre, her +majesty's apothecary in the lower boxes might have almost felt her +pulse across the pit. My knowledge of the drama commenced at the early +age of seven years, amidst this royal fellowship in fun; and most +loyally did I laugh when his majesty, leaning back in his capacious +arm-chair in the stage-box, shook the house with his genuine peals of +hearty merriment. Well do I remember the whole course of these royal +play-goings. The theatre was of an inconvenient form, with very sharp +angles at the junctions of the centre with the sides. The stage-box, +and the whole of the left or O.P. side of the lower tier, were +appropriated to royalty. The house would fill at about half-past six. +At seven, precisely, Mr. Thornton, the manager, made his entrance +backwards, through a little door, into the stage-box, with a plated +candlestick in each hand, bowing with all the grace that his gout would +permit. The six fiddles struck up God save the King; the audience rose; +the king nodded round and took his seat next the stage; the queen +curtsied, and took her arm-chair also. The satin bills of their +majesties and the princesses were then duly displayed--and the dingy +green curtain drew up. The performances were invariably either a comedy +and farce, or more frequently three farces, with a plentiful +interlarding of comic songs. Quick, Suett, and Mrs. Mattocks were the +reigning favourites; and, about 1800, Elliston and Fawcett became +occasional stars. But Quick and Suett were the king's especial delight. +When Lovegold, in the "Miser," drawled out "a pin a day's a groat a +year," the laugh of the royal circle was somewhat loud; but when Dicky +Gossip exhibited in his vocation, and accompanied the burden of his +song, "Dicky Gossip, Dicky Gossip is the man," with the blasts of his +powder-puff, the cachinnation was loud and long, and the gods prolonged +the chorus of laughter, till the echo died away in the royal box. At +the end of the third act, coffee was handed round to the court circle; +and precisely at eleven the performances finished,--and the flambeaux +gleamed through the dimly-lighted streets of Windsor, as the happy +family returned to their tranquil home. + +There was occasionally a good deal of merriment going forward at +Windsor in these olden days. I have a dim recollection of having danced +in the little garden which was once the moat of the Round Tower, and +which Washington Irving has been pleased to imagine existed in the time +of James I. of Scotland. I have a perfect remembrance of a fête at +Frogmore, about the beginning of the present century, where there was a +Dutch fair,--and haymaking very agreeably performed in white kid gloves +by the belles of the town,--and the buck-basket scene of the "Merry +Wives of Windsor" represented by Fawcett and Mrs. Mattocks, and I think +Mrs. Gibbs, under the colonnade of the house in the open day--and +variegated lamps--and transparencies--and tea served out in tents, with +a magnificent scramble for the bread and butter. There was great good +humour and freedom on all these occasions; and if the grass was damp +and the young ladies caught cold, and the sandwiches were scarce, and +the gentlemen went home hungry--I am sure these little drawbacks were +not to be imputed to the royal entertainers, who delighted to see their +neighbours and dependants happy and joyous. + +A few years passed over my head, and the scene was somewhat changed. +The king and his family migrated from their little lodge into the old +and spacious castle. This was about 1804. The lath and plaster of Sir +William Chambers was abandoned to the equerries and chance visiters of +the court; and the low rooms and dark passages that had scarcely been +tenanted since the days of Anne, were made tolerably habitable by the +aid of diligent upholstery. Upon the whole, the change was not one +which conduced to comfort; and I have heard that the princesses wept +when they quitted their snug boudoirs in the Queen's Lodge. Windsor +Castle, as it was, was a sad patchwork affair. + +The late king and his family had lived at Windsor nearly thirty years, +before it occurred to him to inhabit his own castle. The period at +which he took possession was one of extraordinary excitement. It was +the period of the threatened invasion of England by Napoleon, when, as +was the case with France, upon the manifesto of the Duke of Brunswick, +"the land bristled." + +The doings at Windsor were certainly more than commonly interesting at +that period; and I was just of an age to understand something of their +meaning, and partake the excitement. Sunday was especially a glorious +day; and the description of one Sunday will furnish an adequate picture +of these of two or three years. + +At nine o'clock the sound of martial music was heard in the streets. +The Blues and the Stafford Militia then did duty at Windsor; and though +the one had seen no service since Minden, and most undeservedly bore +the stigma of a past generation; and the other was composed of men who +had never faced any danger but the ignition of a coal-pit;--they were +each a remarkably fine body of soldiers, and the king did well to +countenance them. Of the former regiment George III. had a troop of his +own, and he delighted to wear the regimentals of a captain of the +Blues; and well did his burly form become the cocked hat and heavy +jack-boots which were the fashion of that fine corps in 1805. At nine +o'clock, as I have said, of a Sunday morning, the noise of trumpet and +of drum was heard in the streets of Windsor; for the regiments paraded +in the castle quadrangle. The troops occupied the whole square. At +about ten the king appeared with his family. He passed round the lines, +while the salute was performed; and many a rapid word of inquiry had he +to offer to the colonels who accompanied him. Not always did he wait +for an answer--but that was after the fashion of royalty in general. He +passed onwards towards St. George's Chapel. But the military pomp did +not end in what is called the upper quadrangle. In the lower ward, at a +very humble distance from the regular troops, were drawn up a splendid +body of men, ycleped the Windsor Volunteers; and most gracious were the +nods of royalty to the well-known drapers, and hatters, and +booksellers, who had the honour to hold commissions in that +distinguished regiment. The salutations, however, were short, and +onwards went the cortege, for the chapel bell was tolling in, and the +king was always punctual. + +Great was the crowd to see the king and his family return from chapel; +for by this time London had poured forth its chaises and one, and the +astonished inmates of Cheapside and St. Mary Axe were elbowing each +other to see how a monarch smiled. They saw him well; and often have I +heard the disappointed exclamation, "Is _that_ the king?" They saw a +portly man, in a plain suit of regimentals, and no crown upon his +head. What a fearful falling off from the king of the story-books! + +The terrace, however, was the great Sunday attraction; and though +Bishop Porteus remonstrated with his majesty for suffering people to +crowd together, and bands to play on these occasions, I cannot think +that the good-tempered monarch committed any mortal sin in walking +amongst his people in their holiday attire. This terrace was a motley +scene. + + The peasant's toe did gall the courtier's gibe. + +The barber from Eton and his seven daughters elbowed the dean who +rented his back parlour, when he was in the sixth form,--and who now +was crowding to the front rank for a smile of majesty, having heard +that the Bishop of Chester was seriously indisposed. The prime minister +waited quietly amidst the crush, till the royal party should descend +from their dining-room,--smiling at, if not unheeding, the anxious +inquiries of the stock-broker from Change Alley, who wondered if Mr. +Pitt would carry a gold stick before the king. The only time I saw that +minister was under these circumstances. It was the year before he died. +He stood firmly and proudly amongst the crowd for some half-hour till +the king should arrive. The monarch, of course, immediately recognised +him; the contrast in the demeanour of the two personages made a +remarkable impression upon me--and that of the minister first showed me +an example of the perfect self-possession of men of great abilities. + +After a year or two of this soil of excitement the king became blind; +and painful was the exhibition of the led horse of the good old man, as +he took his accustomed ride. In a few more years a still heavier +calamity fell upon him--and from that time Windsor Castle became, +comparatively, a mournful place. The terrace was shut up--the ancient +pathway through the park, and under the castle walls, was diverted--and +a somewhat Asiatic state and stillness seemed to usurp the reign of the +old free and familiar intercourse of the sovereign with the people. + + + + * * * * * + + + +NOTES OF A READER. + + + * * * * * + + +NAVARINO. + + +Towards the close of the battle of Navarino, one of our midshipmen, a +promising youth of about fourteen, was struck by a cannon-shot, which +carried off both his legs, and his right-hand, with which the poor +fellow had been grasping his cutlass at that moment. He lay in the +gun-room, as nothing could be done for him; and I was informed by one +of the men, that he repeatedly named his mother in a piteous tone, but +soon after rallied a little, and began to inquire eagerly how the +action was going on, and if any more Turkish ships had struck. He +lingered in great agony for about twenty minutes.--From a spirited +description in No. 2, _United Service Journal_, intended for abridgment +probably in our next. + + + * * * * * + + +FRENCH THEATRES. + +The revenue of the thirteen theatres of Paris during last year, +amounted to the great sum of £233,561 sterling; that of the two +establishments for the performance of the _regular drama_ amounting +only to £26,600, or not more than a tithe of the whole. + + + * * * * * + + +ROUSSEAU. + +A mask taken upon the face of Jean Jacques Rousseau after death, +recently fetched, at the sale of the late M. Houdon, 500 francs. The +purchaser has since refused an offer of 15,000 francs for it. + + + * * * * * + + +BRUSSELS + +May be said to be next to Paris, the largest English colony on the +continent; and that there are not fewer at this moment than six +thousand English residents there. This is not at all surprising. +Cheapness of living, of education, of amusements--a mild government and +agreeable society--the abundance of all the necessaries of life, of +fine fruits and vegetables in particular, are temptations; though we +pity those who have not the virtue to resist them. + + + * * * * * + + +WRITING FOR THE STAGE. + +Is it not extraordinary that the manager of a theatre is the only +purveyor who does not know the value of his wares? A bookseller will, +if he approves of a work, pay a certain sum for the copyright, and risk +an additional sum in the publication, at the hazard of losing by the +fiat of a very capricious public, the reading public. But the writer of +a drama must make up his mind to stake the labour of months on the +fortune of a single night. _New Monthly Mag._ + + + * * * * * + + +EXPEDITIONS OF DISCOVERY. + +Narratives of these important and interesting enterprizes multiply so +fast, that we are happy to announce, as preparing for publication, a +series of abstracts of the most recent _Voyages and Overland Journeys_. +They will be printed in an economical volume adapted to all classes of +purchasers, and will contain all the new facts in nautical and +geographical science; details of the _Natural History_ of the +respective countries, the manners and customs of the natives, +&c.--Fernando Po, Timbuctoo, Clapperton's African adventures, and Capt. +Dillon's discoveries relative to the fate of La Perouse, will, of +course, form prominent portions of this work, the popular title of +which will be, "_The Cabinet of Recent Voyages and Travels_." + + + * * * * * + + +BEEF-EATING. + +A facetious gourmand used to say, that he had eaten so much beef for +the last six months, that he was ashamed to look a bullock in the +face.--_Twelve Years' Military Adventures._ + + + * * * * * + + +THE SABBATH. + +If we believe in the divine origin of the commandment, the Sabbath is +instituted for the express purposes of religion. The time set apart is +the "Sabbath of the Lord;" a day on which we are not to work our own +works, or think our own thoughts. The precept is positive, and the +purpose clear. He who has to accomplish his own salvation, must not +carry to tennis courts and skittle grounds the train of reflections +which ought necessarily to be excited by a serious discourse of +religion. The religious part of the Sunday's exercise is not to be +considered as a bitter medicine, the taste of which is as soon as +possible to be removed by a bit of sugar. On the contrary, our +demeanour through the rest of the day ought to be, not sullen +certainly, or morose, but serious and tending to instruction. Give to +the world one half of the Sunday, and you will find that religion has +no strong hold of the other. Pass the morning at church, and the +evening, according to your taste or rank, in the cricket-field, or at +the Opera, and you will soon find thoughts of the evening hazards and +bets intrude themselves on the sermon, and that recollections of the +popular melodies interfere with the psalms. Religion is thus treated +like Lear, to whom his ungrateful daughters first denied one half of +his stipulated attendance, and then made it a question whether they +should grant him any share of what remained.--_Quart. Review._ + + + * * * * * + + +POCKET BOOKS. + +Among the works under this denomination for 1829, we notice two, which +from their almost indispensible utility, deserve the name of _Hardy +Annuals_. The first is _Adcock's Engineers' Pocket Book_, and contains +tables of British weights and measures, multiplication and division +obtained by inspection, tables of squares and cubes and square and +cube roots, and mensuration; tables of the areas and circumferences of +circles, &c.; the mechanical powers, animal strength, mills and +steam-engines, treatises on hydraulics, pneumatics, heat, &c., and on +the strength and heat of materials. To these are superadded the usual +contents of a pocket book, so as to render the present volume a +desirable vade-mecum for the operative, the manufacturer, and engineer. + +One of Mr. Adcock's most popular illustrations will not be +uninteresting to the reader:-- + +_"Force of Gunpowder."_--"If we calculate the quantity of motion +produced by gunpowder, we shall find that this agent, though extremely +convenient, is far more expensive than human labour; but the advantage +of gunpowder consists in the great rarity of the active substance; a +spring or a bow can only act with a moderate velocity on account of its +own weight; the air of the atmosphere, however compressed, could not +flow into a vacuum with a velocity so great as 1,500 feet in a second; +hydrogen gas might move more rapidly; but the elastic substance +produced by gunpowder is capable of propelling a very heavy cannon ball +with a much greater velocity." + +Of an opposite character, but equally useful, and more attractive for +the general reader, is the second,--_The Spoilsman's Pocket Book_, by a +brother of the author of the preceding. Here are the usual pocket-book +contents, and the laws, &c. of British sports and pastimes--as +shooting, angling, hunting, coursing, racing, cricket, and _skating_: +from the latter we subjoin a hint for the benefit of the _Serpentine +Mercuries_; which proves the adage _ex liguo non fit Mercurius_:-- + +"Care should be taken that the muscular movements of the whole body +correspond with the movements of the skates, and that it be regulated +so as to be almost imperceptible to the spectators; for nothing so much +diminishes the grace and elegance of skating as sudden jerks and +exertions. The attitude of drawing the bow and arrow, whilst the skater +is forming a large circle on the outside, is very beautiful, and some +persons, in skating, excel in manual exercises and military salutes." + +The whole series of pocket books by the Messrs. Adcocks, extend, we +believe, to eight, adapted for all descriptions of _industriels_, as +well as for the less occupied, who are not "the architects of their own +fortunes." + + * * * * * + +Dr. Parr was the last learned schoolmaster who was professedly an +amateur of the rod; and in that profession there was more of humour +and affectation than of reality, for with all his habitual affectation +and his occasional brutality, Parr was a good-natured, generous, +warm-hearted man; there was a coarse husk and a hard shell, like the +cocoa-nut, but the core was filled with the milk of human +kindness.--_Quarterly Review._ + + + * * * * * + + +CRANIOLOGY. + +On a celebrated craniologist visiting the _studio_ of a celebrated +sculptor in London, his attention was drawn to a bust with a remarkable +depth of skull from the forehead to the occiput. "What a noble head," +he exclaimed, "is that! full seven inches! What superior powers of mind +must he be endowed with, who possesses such a head as is here +represented!" "Why, yes," says the blunt artist, "he certainly was a +very extraordinary man--that is the bust of my early friend and first +patron, John Horne Tooke." "Ay," answers the craniologist, "you see +there is something after all in our science, notwithstanding the scoffs +of many of your countrymen." "Certainly," says the sculptor; "but here +is another bust, with a greater depth and a still more capacious +forehead." "Bless me!" exclaims the craniologist, taking out his rule, +"eight inches! who can this be? this is indeed a head--in this there +can be no mistake; what depth of intellect, what profundity of thought, +must reside in that skull! this I am sure must belong to some +extraordinary and well-known character." "Why, yes," says the sculptor, +"he is pretty well known--it is the head of Lord Pomfret." + + + * * * * * + + +PRYNNE. + +Anthony A'Wood has informed us that when Prynne studied, "his custom +was to put on a long quilted cap, which came an inch over his eyes, +serving as an umbrella to defend them from too much light, and seldom +eating any dinner. He would be every three hours munching a roll of +bread, and now and then refresh his exhausted spirits with ale." + + + * * * * * + + +GERMAN STUDENTS. + +The German students are a set of young men who certainly pursue their +studies with zeal, but who nevertheless are more brutal in conduct, +more insolent in manner, more slovenly and ruffian-like in appearance, +and more offensive from the fumes of tobacco and beer, onions and +sourcrout, in which they are enveloped, than are to be met with in any +other part of Europe. In a small town of a small state a German +university is a horrible nuisance; and how the elegant court of Weimar, +in particular, can tolerate the existence of one within an hour's ride +of its palace, where we have seen ragamuffins fighting with +broad-swords in the market-place, moves "our special wonder." To the +university of Bonn is attached a rich collection of subjects in natural +history, and a botanical garden; and such is its success, from the +celebrity of its professors, among whom is numbered the illustrious +William Schlegel, that, Dr. Granville states, "there are at this time +about one thousand and twenty students who, for twenty pounds in +university and professors' fees, and forty more for living, get a +first-rate education." The climate and the situation on the banks of +the Rhine are most inviting; and a beautiful avenue of chestnut trees, +nearly a mile in length, joins the castle of Popplesdorf, which +contains the cabinets of natural history, with the university. + + + * * * * * + + +GREAT SEAL OF ENGLAND. + +The Great Seal itself, when not in the king's own custody, was +entrusted to the "Chancellor," whose salary, as fixed by Henry I., +amounted to five shillings per diem, besides a "livery" of provisions. +And the allowance of one pint and a half, or perhaps a quart of claret, +one "gross wax-light," and forty candle-ends, to enable the Chancellor +to carry on his housekeeping, may be considered as a curious +exemplification of primitive temperance and economy.--_Quarterly Rev._ + + * * * * * + +The good people of Weimar appear to be most enthusiastic lovers of +music, affording strong proofs of melomania. Every householder of any +importance subscribes an annual sum to a band of musicians, who go +round in long cloaks to each house, singing fugas and canons, +unaccompanied by instruments, in "the most beautiful and correct style +imaginable,"--something, we suppose, in the style of the Tyrolese +minstrels.--_Ibid._ + + + * * * * * + + +TRAVELLING. + +A friend of ours recently went to Russia by steam, and actually +breakfasted in Moscow the thirteenth morning after he left London. +There is now, he says, a road as good as that to Brighton over three +parts of the distance between St. Petersburg and Moscow--what a change +from 1812!--_Ibid._ + + + + * * * * * + + + +SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS + + + * * * * * + + +THE MURDER HOLE. + +_An Ancient Legend._ + + "Ah, frantic Fear! + I see, I see thee near; + I know thy hurried step, thy haggard eye! + Like thee I start, like thee disorder'd fly! + +COLLINS. + + +In a remote district of country belonging to Lord Cassillis, between +Ayrshire and Galloway, about three hundred years ago, a moor of +apparently boundless extent stretched several miles along the road, and +wearied the eye of the traveller by the sameness and desolation of its +appearance; not a tree varied the prospect--not a shrub enlivened the +eye by its freshness--nor a native flower bloomed to adorn this +ungenial soil. One "lonesome desert" reached the horizon on every side, +with nothing to mark that any mortal had ever visited the scene before, +except a few rude huts that were scattered near its centre; and a road, +or rather pathway, for those whom business or necessity obliged to pass +in that direction. At length, deserted as this wild region had always +been, it became still more gloomy. Strange rumours arose, that the path +of unwary travellers had been beset on this "blasted heath," and that +treachery and murder had intercepted the solitary stranger as he +traversed its dreary extent. When several persons, who were known to +have passed that way, mysteriously disappeared, the inquiries of their +relatives led to a strict and anxious investigation; but though the +officers of justice were sent to scour the country, and examine the +inhabitants, not a trace could be obtained of the persons in question, +nor of any place of concealment which could be a refuge for the lawless +or desperate to horde in. Yet, as inquiry became stricter, and the +disappearance of individuals more frequent, the simple inhabitants of +the neighbouring hamlet were agitated by the most fearful +apprehensions. Some declared that the deathlike stillness of the night +was often interrupted by sudden and preternatural cries of more than +mortal anguish, which seemed to arise in the distance; and a shepherd +one evening, who had lost his way on the moor, declared he had +approached three mysterious figures, who seemed struggling against each +other with supernatural energy, till at length one of them, with a +frightful scream, suddenly sunk into the earth. + +Gradually the inhabitants deserted their dwellings on the heath, and +settled in distant quarters, till at length but one of the cottages +continued to be inhabited by an old woman and her two sons, who loudly +lamented that poverty chained them to this solitary and mysterious +spot. Travellers who frequented this road now generally did so in +groups to protect each other; and if night overtook them, they usually +stopped at the humble cottage of the old woman and her sons, where +cleanliness compensated for the want of luxury, and where, over a +blazing fire of peat, the bolder spirits smiled at the imaginary +terrors of the road, and the more timid trembled as they listened to +the tales of terror and affright with which their hosts entertained +them. + +One gloomy and tempestuous night in November, a pedlar-boy hastily +traversed the moor. Terrified to find himself involved in darkness +amidst its boundless wastes, a thousand frightful traditions, connected +with this dreary scene, darted across his mind--every blast, as it +swept in hollow gusts over the heath, seemed to teem with the sighs of +departed spirits--and the birds, as they winged their way above his +head, appeared, with loud and shrill cries, to warn him of approaching +dagger. The whistle with which he usually beguiled his weary pilgrimage +died away into silence, and he groped along with trembling and +uncertain steps, which sounded too loudly in his ears. The promise of +Scripture occurred to his memory, and revived his courage. "I will be +unto thee as a rock in the desert, and as an hiding-place in the +storm." _Surely_, thought he, _though alone, I am not forsaken;_ and a +prayer for assistance hovered on his lips. + +A light now glimmered in the distance which would lead him, he +conjectured, to the cottage of the old woman; and towards that he +eagerly bent his way, remembering as he hastened along, that when he +had visited it the year before, it was in company with a large party of +travellers, who had beguiled the evening with those tales of mystery +which had so lately filled his brain with images of terror. He +recollected, too, how anxiously the old woman and her sons had +endeavoured to detain him when the other travellers were departing; and +now, therefore, he confidently anticipated a cordial and cheering +reception. His first call for admission obtained no visible marks of +attention, but instantly the greatest noise and confusion prevailed +within the cottage. They think it is one of the supernatural visitants +of whom the old lady talks so much, thought the boy, approaching a +window, where the light within showed him all the inhabitants at their +several occupations; the old woman was hastily scrubbing the stone +floor, and strewing it thickly over with sand, while her two sons +seemed with equal haste to be thrusting something large and heavy into +an immense chest, which they carefully locked. The boy in a frolicsome +mood, thoughtlessly tapped at the window, when they all instantly +started up with consternation so strongly depicted on their +countenances, that he shrunk back involuntarily with an undefined +feeling of apprehension; but before he had time to reflect a moment +longer, one of the men suddenly darted out at the door, and seizing the +boy roughly by the shoulder, dragged him violently into the cottage. "I +am not what you take me for," said the boy, attempting to laugh, "but +only the poor pedlar who visited you last year."--"Are you _alone?_" +inquired the old woman, in a harsh, deep tone, which made his heart +thrill with apprehension. "Yes," said the boy, "I am alone _here_; and +alas!" he added, with a burst of uncontrollable feeling, "I am alone in +the wide world also! Not a person exists who would assist me in +distress, or shed a single tear if I died this very night." "_Then_ you +are welcome!" said one of the men with a sneer, while he cast a glance +of peculiar expression at the other inhabitants of the cottage. + +It was with a shiver of apprehension, rather than of cold, that the boy +drew towards the fire, and the looks which the old woman and her sons +exchanged, made him wish that he had preferred the shelter of any one +of the roofless cottages which were scattered near, rather than trust +himself among persons of such dubious aspect. Dreadful surmises flitted +across his brain; and terrors which he could neither combat nor examine +imperceptibly stole into his mind; but alone, and beyond the reach of +assistance, he resolved to smother his suspicions, or at least not +increase the danger by revealing them. The room to which he retired for +the night had a confused and desolate aspect; the curtains seemed to +have been violently torn down from the bed, and still hung in tatters +around it--the table seemed to have been broken by some violent +concussion, and the fragments of various pieces of furniture lay +scattered upon the floor. The boy begged that a light might burn in his +apartment till he was asleep, and anxiously examined the fastenings of +the door; but they seemed to have been wrenched asunder on some former +occasion, and were still left rusty and broken. + +It was long ere the pedlar attempted to compose his agitated nerves to +rest; but at length his senses began to "steep themselves in +forgetfulness," though his imagination remained painfully active, and +presented new scenes of terror to his mind, with all the vividness of +reality. He fancied himself again wandering on the heath, which +appeared to be peopled with spectres, who all beckoned to him not to +enter the cottage, and as he approached it, they vanished with a hollow +and despairing cry. The scene then changed, and he found himself again +seated by the fire, where the countenances of the men scowled upon him +with the most terrifying malignity, and he thought the old woman +suddenly seized him by the arms, and pinioned them to his side. +Suddenly the boy was startled from these agitated slumbers, by what +sounded to him like a cry of distress; he was broad awake in a moment, +and sat up in bed,--but the noise was not repeated, and he endeavoured +to persuade himself it had only been a continuation of the fearful +images which had disturbed his rest; when, on glancing at the door, he +observed underneath it a broad, red stream of blood silently stealing +its course along the floor. Frantic with alarm, it was but the work of +a moment to spring from his bed, and rush to the door, through a chink +of which, his eye nearly dimmed with affright he could watch +unsuspected whatever might be done in the adjoining room. + +His fear vanished instantly when he perceived that it was only a _goat_ +that they had been slaughtering; and he was about to steal into his bed +again, ashamed of his groundless apprehensions, when his ear was +arrested by a conversation which transfixed him aghast with terror to +the spot. + +"This is an easier job than you had yesterday," said the man who held +the goat. "I wish all the throats we've cut were as easily and quietly +done. Did you ever hear such a noise as the old gentleman made last +night! It was well we had no neighbour within a dozen of miles, or they +must have heard his cries for help and mercy." + +"Don't speak of it," replied the other; "I was never fond of +bloodshed," + +"Ha, ha!" said the other with a sneer, "you say so, do you?" + +"I do," answered the first, gloomily; "the Murder Hole is the thing for +me--_that_ tells no tales--a single scuffle--a single plunge--and the +fellow's dead and buried to your hand in a moment. I would defy all the +officers in Christendom to discover any mischief _there_." + +"Ay, Nature did us a good turn when she contrived such a place as that. +Who that saw a hole in the heath, filled with clear water, and so +small that the long grass meets over the top of it, would suppose that +the depth is unfathomable, and that it conceals more than forty people +who have met their deaths there! it sucks them in like a leech!" + +"How do you mean to dispatch the lad in the next room?" asked the old +woman in an under tone. The elder son made her a sign to be silent, and +pointed towards the door where their trembling auditor was concealed; +while the other, with an expression of brutal ferocity, passed his +bloody knife across his throat. + +The pedlar boy possessed a bold and daring spirit, which was now roused +to desperation; but in any open resistance the odds were so completely +against him, that flight seemed his best resource. He gently stole to +the window, and having by one desperate effort broken the rusty bolt by +which the casement had been fastened, he let himself down without noise +or difficulty. This betokens good, thought he, pausing an instant in +dreadful hesitation what direction to take. This momentary deliberation +was fearfully interrupted by the hoarse voice of the men calling +aloud, "_The boy has fled--let loose the bloodhound!_" These words +sunk like a death-knell on his heart, for escape appeared now +impossible, and his nerves seemed to melt away like wax in a furnace. +Shall I perish without a struggle! thought he, rousing himself to +exertion, and, helpless and terrified as a hare pursued by its ruthless +hunters, he fled across the heath. Soon the baying of the bloodhound +broke the stillness of the night, and the voice of its masters sounded +through the moor, as they endeavoured to accelerate its speed,--panting +and breathless the boy pursued his hopeless career, but every moment +his pursuers seemed to gain upon his failing steps. The hound was +unimpeded by the darkness which was to him so impenetrable, and its +noise rung louder and deeper on his ear--while the lanterns which were +carried by the men gleamed near and distinct upon his vision. + +At his fullest speed, the terrified boy fell with violence over a heap +of stones, and having nothing on but his shirt, he was severely cut in +every limb. With one wild cry to Heaven for assistance, he continued +prostrate on the earth, bleeding, and nearly insensible. The hoarse +voices of the men, and the still louder baying of the dog, were now so +near, that instant destruction seemed inevitable,--already he felt +himself in their fangs, and the bloody knife of the assassin appeared +to gleam before his eyes,--despair renewed his energy, and once more, +in an agony of affright that seemed verging towards madness, he rushed +forward so rapidly that terror seemed to have given wings to his feet. +A loud cry near the spot he had left arose on his ears without +suspending his flight. The hound had stopped at the place where the +Pedlar's wounds bled so profusely, and deeming the chase now over, it +lay down there, and could not be induced to proceed; in vain the men +beat it with frantic violence, and tried again to put the hound on the +scent,--the sight of blood had satisfied the animal that its work was +done, and with dogged resolution it resisted every inducement to pursue +the same scent a second time. The pedlar boy in the meantime paused not +in his flight till morning dawned--and still as he fled, the noise of +steps seemed to pursue him, and the cry of his assassins still sounded +in the distance. Ten miles off he reached a village, and spread instant +alarm throughout the neighbourhood--the inhabitants were aroused with +one accord into a tumult of indignation--several of them had lost sons, +brothers, or friends on the heath, and all united in proceeding +instantly to seize the old woman and her sons, who were nearly torn to +pieces by their violence. Three gibbets were immediately raised on the +moor, and the wretched culprits confessed before their execution to the +destruction of nearly fifty victims in the Murder Hole which they +pointed out, and near which they suffered the penalty of their crimes. +The bones of several murdered persons were with difficulty brought up +from the abyss into which they had been thrust; but so narrow is the +aperture, and so extraordinary the depth, that all who see it are +inclined to coincide in the tradition of the country people that it is +unfathomable. The scene of these events still continues nearly as it +was 300 years ago. The remains of the old cottage, with its blackened +walls (haunted of course by a thousand evil spirits,) and the extensive +moor, on which a more modern _inn_ (if it can be dignified with such an +epithet) resembles its predecessor in every thing but the character of +its inhabitants; the landlord is deformed, but possesses extraordinary +genius; he has himself manufactured a violin, on which he plays with +untaught skill,--and if any _discord_ be heard in the house, or any +_murder_ committed in it, this is his only instrument. His daughter +(who has never travelled beyond the heath) has inherited her father's +talent, and learnt all his tales of terror and superstition, which she +relates with infinite spirit; but when you are led by her across the +heath to drop a stone into that deep and narrow gulf to which our story +relates,--when you stand on its slippery edge, and (parting the long +grass with which it is covered) gaze into its mysterious depths,--when +she describes, with all the animation of an _eye witness_, the +struggles of the victims grasping the grass as a last hope of +preservation, and trying to drag in their assassin as an expiring +effort of vengeance,--when you are told that for 300 years the clear +waters in this diamond of the desert have remained untasted by mortal +lips, and that the solitary traveller is still pursued at night by the +howling of the bloodhound,--it is _then only_ that it is possible fully +to appreciate the terrors of THE MURDER HOLE. + +_Blackwood's Magazine._ + + + * * * * * + + +DANCING. + + I never to a ball will go, + That poor pretence for prancing, + Where Jenkins dislocates a toe, + And Tomkins _thinks_ he's dancing: + And most I execrate that ball, + Of balls the most atrocious, + Held yearly in old Magog's hall, + The feasting and ferocious. + + I execrate the mob, the squeeze, + The rough refreshment-scramble: + The dancers, keeping time with knees + That knock as down they amble; + Between two lines of bankers' clerks, + Stared at by two of loobies-- + All mighty fine for city sparks, + But all and each one boobies:-- + + Boobies with heads like poodle-dogs, + With curls like clew-lines dangling; + With limbs like galvanizing frogs, + And necks stiff-starched and strangling; + With pigeon-breasts and pigeon-wings, + And waists like wasps and spiders; + With whiskers like Macready's kings', + Mustachios like El Hyder's. + + Miss Jones, the Moorfields milliner, + With Toilinet, the draper, + May waltz--for none are _willinger_ + To cut cloth or a caper.-- + Miss Moses of the Minories, + With Mr. Wicks of Wapping, + May love such light tracasseries, + Such shuffle shoe and hopping: + + Miss Hicks, the belle of Holywell, + And pride of Norton Falgate, + In waltzing may the world excel, + Except Miss Hicks of Aldgate. + Well, let them--'tis their nature--twirl, + And Smiths adore their twirlings, + Which kill with envy every girl + That fingers lace at Urling's, + + I laugh while I lament to see + A fellow, made to measure + 'Gainst grenadiers of six feet three, + "Die down the dance" with pleasure. + I laugh to see a man with thews + His way through Misses picking, + Like pig with tender pettitoes, + Or chicken-hearted chicken; + + A tom-cat shod with walnut-shells, + A pony race in pattens, + A wagon-horse tricked out with bells, + A sow in silks and satins, + A butcher's hair _en papillote_, + And lounging Piccadilly, + A clown in an embroidered coat, + Are not more gauche and silly. + + Let atoms take their dusty dance, + But men are not corpuscles: + An Englishman's not made in France, + Nor wire and buckram muscles. + The manly leap, the breathing race, + The wrestle, or old cricket, + Give to the limbs a native grace-- + So, here's for double-wicket. + + Leave dancing to the women, Men-- + In them it is becoming;-- + I never tire to see them, when + Joe Hart his fiddle's strumming, + Or Colinet and mild Musard + Have set their hearts quadrilling;-- + Then be each nymph a gay Brocard, + And every woman killing. + + I love to see the pretty dears + Go lightly caracolling, + And drinking love at eyes and ears, + With every look their soul in! + I like to watch the swan-like grace + They show in minuetting. + It hits one's bosom's tenderest place, + To see them pirouetting. + + But when a measurer of tape + Turns butterfly and dandy, + Assumes their grace, their air, their shape, + I wish a pump were handy! + I never to such balls will go, + Those poor pretexts for prancing; + Where Jenkins dislocates his toe, + And Tomkins _thinks_ he's dancing. + +_Monthly Magazine._ + + + + * * * * * + + + +THE GATHERER. + + + A snapper up of unconsidered trifles. + +SHAKSPEARE. + + + * * * * * + + +FAMILY RECKONING. + +Two Irishmen lately met, who had not seen each other since their +arrival from Dublin's fair city. Pat exclaimed, "How are you, my honey; +how is Biddy Sulivan, Judy O'Connell, and Daniel O'Keefe?" "Oh! my +jewel," answered the other, "Biddy has got so many children that she +will soon be a grandfather; Judy has six, but they have no father at +all, for she never was married. And, as for Daniel, he's grown so thin, +that he is as thin as us both put together." + +W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +VARY-WEEL WHILE IT LASTS. + +Two old Scotch gentlemen, having left their better halves in the Land +o' Cakes, on quitting Covent Garden theatre were discussing the merits +of the play, the School for Scandal. "I was vary gled to see Sir Peter +and my Leddy Tizzle sic gude frinds agin, Mr. M'Dougal, what think ye?" +"Eh, mon, vary weel while it lasts, but it's just Mrs. M'Dougal's way. +I'se warrant they're at it agin afore we are doon in our beds mon." +Poor Sheridan should have heard this himself. + + + * * * * * + + +One of his majesty's frigates being at anchor on a winter's night, in +a tremendous gale of wind, the ground broke, and she began to drive. +The lieutenant of the watch ran down to the captain and awoke him from +his sleep, and told him the anchor had come home. "Well," said the +captain, rubbing his eyes, "I think our anchor is perfectly right, for +who the d---- would stay out such a night as this?" + +W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +Beer was first introduced into England in 1492; into Scotland as early +as 1482. By the statute of King James I. one full quart of the best +beer or ale was to be sold for one penny, and two quarts of small beer +for one penny. + + + * * * * * + + +In the museum of Stuttgard, is a portrait of the Countess of Salzburg, +who, at the age of 50 years, had mustachios, whiskers, and a beard, as +long and as black as those of any man. + + + * * * * * + + +TRIAL BY JURY. + +The following anecdote is given in "_Lettres tres sur l'Angleterre par +A. de Stael Holstein_." "King George III. once gave directions for +closing up a gate and a road in his own park at Richmond, which had +been free to foot passengers for many years. A citizen of Richmond, who +found the road convenient to the inhabitants of that village, took up +the cause of his neighbours. He contended, that, although the +thoroughfare might have been originally an encroachment, it had become +public property by the lapse of time, and by prescriptive right, and +that he should compel the king to re-open it. He brought his suit, +without hesitating, into a court of justice, and gained his process." + + + * * * * * + + +This day is published, price 5s. with a Frontispiece, and thirty other +Engravings, the + +ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829. + +The MECHANICAL department contains ONE HUNDRED New Inventions and +Discoveries, with 14 _Engravings_. + +CHEMICAL, SEVENTY articles, with 2 _Engravings_. + +NATURAL HISTORY, 135 New Facts and Discoveries, with 7 _Engravings_. + +ASTRONOMICAL and METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA--35 articles--6 _Engravings_. + +AGRICULTURE, GARDENING, and RURAL ECONOMY, 106 _Articles_. + +DOMESTIC ECONOMY 50 _Articles_. + +USEFUL ARTS, 50 _Articles_. + +FINE ARTS. + +PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS. + +MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER, &c. + +"We hope the editor will publish a similar volume +annually."--_Gardener's Magazine._ + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + +***** This file should be named 10950-8.txt or 10950-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/9/5/10950/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction + Vol. 13, No. 355., Saturday, February 7, 1829 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: February 5, 2004 [EBook #10950] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + + + + + +</pre> + +<hr class="full" /> +<h1>THE MIRROR<br /> +OF<br /> +LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1> +<hr class="full" /> +<table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date"> +<tr> +<td align="left"><b>Vol. XIII. No. 355.]</b></td> +<td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1829.</b></td> +<td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> +<hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page81" id="page81"></a>[pg +81]</span> +<h2>VILLAS IN THE REGENT'S PARK.</h2> +<hr /> +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href= +"images/355-81-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/355-81-1.png" +alt="MARQUESS OF HERTFORD'S VILLA." /></a> +<h4>MARQUESS OF HERTFORD'S VILLA.</h4> +</div> +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href= +"images/355-81-2.png"><img width="100%" src="images/355-81-2.png" +alt="DORIC VILLA." /></a> +<h4>DORIC VILLA.</h4> +</div> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page82" id="page82"></a>[pg +82]</span> +<p>The definition of the word <i>villa</i> is a country seat; but +the reader will ask, how can a country seat be in the midst of a +metropolis, or in its brick and mortar confines? The term, however, +admits of various modifications. The villas of the Romans resembled +large city palaces removed into the country, and some of them were +four times larger than Versailles with its three thousand +apartments. The villas of modern Rome likewise more resemble +palaces than abodes of domestic convenience; and one of them, the +Villa Mondrogone, has more windows than there are days in the year. +Such are the Italian villas, of which the name conveys as accurate +an idea as the English reader acquires from the French +<i>chateau</i>, which, in reality, implies a comfortless +factory-looking abode, with a blaze of fresco embellishments.</p> +<p>The first engraving in the annexed page is the villa, or, we +should rather say, the suburban retreat, of the Marquess of +Hertford, designed by Mr. Decimus Burton. The noble owner, who has +enjoyed the peculiar advantages of travel, and is a man of +<i>vertu</i> and fine taste, has selected a design of beautiful +simplicity and chastity of style. The entrance-hall is protected by +a hexastyle (six column) portico of that singular Athenian order, +which embellishes the door of the Tower of the Winds. The roof is +Venetian, with projecting eaves; and the wings are surmounted by +spacious glass lanterns, which light the upper rooms. The buildings +and offices are on a larger scale than any other in the park, and +correspond in style with the opulence of the noble owner. The +offices are spread out, like the villas of the ancients, upon the +ground-floor. Adjoining the front of the villa is a tent-like +canopy, surmounting a spacious apartment, set aside, we believe, +for splendid <i>dejeuné</i> entertainments in the summer. +This roof may be seen from several parts of the park. The entrance +lodge is particularly chaste, the gates are in handsome park-like +style; and the plantations and ornamental gardens in equally good +taste. The establishment is, as we have said, the most extensive in +the Regent's Park, and is in every respect in correspondent taste +with the beautiful Italian fronted town residence of the noble +marquess, opposite the Green Park, in Piccadilly; and its luxurious +comforts well alternate with the fashionable hospitalities of +Sudborne Hall, the veritable <i>country seat</i> of this +distinguished nobleman.</p> +<p>The second engraving is another specimen of the Regent's Park +villa style. The order is handsome Doric; but much cannot be said +in praise of its adaptation to a suburban residence. It +nevertheless adds the charm of variety to the buildings that stud +and encircle the park, and intermingle with lawns and bowery walks +with more prettiness than rural character.</p> +<hr /> +<h2>DESTRUCTION OF THE INTERIOR OF YORK MINSTER.<a id= +"footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href= +"#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a></h2> +<p>On Monday morning last, this magnificent structure was +discovered to be on fire. Soon after the alarm was given, the bells +of twenty-three churches announced the dismal tidings; but for some +time the people looked upon the report as a hoax, and it was not +until after the lapse of an hour that the city was fairly roused to +a sense of the impending calamity.</p> +<p>On the Sunday evening previous, there was service in the +Minster, as usual, and all appeared to be left safe. A light was, +however, observed in the building, by a man passing through the +Minster-yard, about four o'clock on Monday morning; but he supposed +some workmen were employed there, and passed on without inquiry. +Between six and seven o'clock, the discovery was made in an +extraordinary manner. One of the choristers passing through the +Minster-yard, accidentally stepping on a piece of ice, was thrown +on his back, in which position he saw a quantity of smoke issuing +from the roof.</p> +<p>In a letter dated York, February 2nd, the writer thus hastily +describes the extent of the conflagration:—</p> +<p>The first appearance I observed was the issue of an immense +volume of smoke from the junction of the western towers with the +nave, a smaller column from the great tower, and a third column +from the roof of the choir, thus presenting the appearance of the +building being on fire in all parts, whilst a dense smoke filled +the interior to such a degree as to preclude the immediate entrance +of the firemen. At length, the engines were rolled into the august +edifice, when a scene beyond all description presented itself; the +interior of the choir enveloped in flames, reflected upon the +beautiful stained glass. The flames soon burst through the roof of +the choir, and in less than an hour the whole was in a blaze, and +the melted lead poured down the spouting. The roof soon fell in, in +about five or six dreadful crashes. Every effort was made to +prevent the flames spreading to the transept and nave, and I trust +with success, for though the engines are now (midnight) still +playing, I do not find that there is any other fire than the +remains of the roof on the floor of the choir.</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page83" id="page83"></a>[pg +83]</span> +<p>The damage may be summed up thus: The roof of the choir quite +gone, the wood work on each side consumed, the matchless organ +entirely destroyed, many monuments broken, and the communion plate +melted. On the other hand, the east window is entire to the +surprise of every one, the screen is uninjured, although +immediately below the organ, the records in the vestry, the horn of +Ulphus,<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href= +"#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> the coronation chair, and the brass +eagle are saved, and the wills in the Prerogative office are all +safely lodged in Belfrey's Church. For some time the city was in +considerable danger; flakes of fire were carried as far as the Lord +Mayor's Walk; providentially there was very little wind.</p> +<p>From another account we learn that communication with the roof +was not at first apprehended, but the roof of the choir being very +dry wood, soon joined in the conflagration. It is impossible to +describe the awful picture of the flames rising above this majestic +building. The effect produced by the glare of light upon the +stained glass of the windows exceeds description. On the falling of +the roof, the house of prayer, which but the evening before had +resounded with the voices of worshippers, and where all was order +and harmony, now resembled a fiery furnace. The pillars, which once +served to divide the choir from the two side aisles, now stood +alone, the whole being an open space, with the roof burning on the +ground, and nothing above but the blue canopy of heaven.</p> +<p>Mr. Britton, in his valuable work on York Cathedral, gives a +minute description of that part of the Minster which has been +destroyed; from which the following is extracted:—</p> +<p>"After passing through the screen, the visiter is introduced to +the choir, which is grand in scale and rich in adornment. On each +side is a series of 20 stalls, with 12 at the west end, beneath the +organ. These are of oak, and are peculiarly rich in their canopies +and carved decorations. Each seat, or stall, has its movable +miserecordia, with projecting rests for the elbows, from which rise +two detached slender columns, supporting an elaborate canopy. At +the eastern end of the choir is the altar-table, raised above the +regular floor by a series of 15 steps.</p> +<p>"On the north side of the altar, over the grated window that +lights the crypt, is an ancient pew, or gallery, to which there is +an ascent by a flight of narrow stairs, of solid blocks of oak. The +exterior of this gallery is very neat, and it is certainly older +than the Reformation.</p> +<p>"Behind the stalls of the choir are closets, some of which are +used as vestries by the singing-men: modern staircases have been +constructed, leading to the galleries erected above, and which +disfigure the view into the aisles. These closets are fronted, next +the aisles, by open screens of oak, some of which are of excellent +carving, and more elaborate than others. In the centre of the choir +stands a desk for the vicars-choral to chant the litany in; it is +enclosed in a pew of carved wood."</p> +<p>The Minster was lighted with gas, to which the conflagration was +at first attributed; but the fire appears to have originated in one +of the vestries. When we remember the beauty of the carved work +which has thus been destroyed, and the elaborate skill which had +been bestowed on its execution, our sympathies are deeply awakened +for its fate. Indeed, the most listless admirer of art, as well as +the antiquarian devotee, has just cause to lament this accident; +especially as the taste and labours of our times fall far short of +the olden glories of architecture. When we think of the +"unsubstantial pageant" of the recent "Festival," and <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page84" id="page84"></a>[pg 84]</span> associate +its fleeting show with the desert remains of this venerable pile, +our feelings deepen into melancholy, and the smoking fragments of +art seem to breathe—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Tell thou the lamentable fall of me,</p> +<p>And send the hearers weeping to their beds.</p> +</div> +</div> +<hr /> +<h2>HARD FROSTS IN ENGLAND.</h2> +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> +<table width="100%" cellspacing="8" summary=""> +<tr> +<td colspan="2">In the year</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">220.</td> +<td>Frost lasted 5 months.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">250.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen 9 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">291.</td> +<td>Most rivers frozen 6 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">508.</td> +<td>The rivers frozen 2 months.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">695.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen 6 weeks; booths built on it.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">759.</td> +<td>Frost from October the 1st, till February 26th, 760.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">827.</td> +<td>Frost for 9 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">923.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen 13 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">987.</td> +<td>Frost lasted 120 days.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">998.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen 5 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1035.</td> +<td>Frost on Midsummer Day so vehement that the corn and fruits +were destroyed.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1063.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen for 14 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1076.</td> +<td>Frost from November to April.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1114.</td> +<td>Several wooden bridges carried away by the ice.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1407.</td> +<td>Frost for 15 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1434.</td> +<td>Thames frozen down to Gravesend; 12 weeks frost.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1683.</td> +<td>Frost for 13 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1739.</td> +<td>Frost for 9 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1788.</td> +<td>Frost from November to January,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1789,</td> +<td>when the Thames was crossed opposite the Customhouse, the +Tower, Execution Dock, Putney, Brentford, &c. It was general +throughout Europe.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1796.</td> +<td>Frost the most severe on Dec. 25th that had ever been felt in +the memory of man.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1814.</td> +<td>Severe frost, Thames frozen, and tremendous falls of snow.</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>A French writer who visited England during the severe frost in +the year 1688, says, (in a small volume which he published in +Paris,) "that besides hackney-coaches, a large sledge, or sledges, +were then exhibited on the frozen Thames, and that King Charles +passed a whole night upon the ice."</p> +<p>The following extract is also an account of this frost by an +eye-witness; which may be seen in the <i>Beauties of England and +Wales</i>, vol. x. page 83: he says, "On the 20th of December, +1688, a very violent frost began, which lasted to the 6th of +February, in so great extremity, that the pools were frozen 18 +inches thick at least, and the Thames was so frozen that a great +street from the Temple to Southwark was built with shops, and all +manner of things sold. Hackney coaches plied there as in the +streets. There were also bull-baiting, and a great many shows and +tricks to be seen. This day the frost broke up. In the morning I +saw a coach and six horses driven from Whitehall almost to the +bridge (London Bridge) yet by three o'clock that day, February the +6th, next to Southwark the ice was gone, so as boats did row to and +fro, and the next day all the frost was gone. On Candlemas Day I +went to Croydon market, and led my horse over the ice to the +Horseferry from Westminster to Lambeth; as I came back I led him +from Lambeth upon the middle of the Thames to Whitefriars' stairs, +and so led him up by them. And this day an ox was roasted whole, +over against Whitehall. King Charles and the Queen ate part of +it."</p> +<p>N.B. In 1740, a palace of ice was built by the Empress Anne of +Russia, on the banks of the Neva, 52 feet long, which, when +illuminated, had a surprising effect.</p> +<p>P. T. W.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>TURKISH PROPHECY.</h3> +<h4>(<i>For the Mirror.</i>)</h4> +<p>The following is extracted from a book of Prophecies, called +Muhamedys, which is held in veneration by the Turks:—"The +Turkish emperor shall conquer Rome, and make the pope patriarch of +Jerusalem; and he shall, some time after, profess the Mahomedan +faith. Christ shall then come, and show the Christians their error +in not having accepted the Alcoran; and instruct them that the dove +which came down from heaven was not the Holy Ghost, but was +Mahomet, who shall be again upon earth thirty years, and confirm +the Alcoran by new miracles. After that time the power of the Turks +shall decline, till they retire into Desert Arabia, and then there +shall be an end of the world. Their overthrow shall be accomplished +by a people from the north, called <i>caumico fer</i>, +(yellow-haired sons.) The ruin of Constantinople shall happen in +sultan Mahomet's time; and then the Turks shall be reduced to so +few in number, that sixty Turkish women shall have but one husband +among them."</p> +<p>W. G. C.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS, &c.</h3> +<h4>(<i>Concluded from page 58.</i>)</h4> +<p>We have formerly alluded to the well-known feats of the weird +sisterhood on the broomstick; but it is affirmed that on these +occasions the spirit left its earthly abode, the body being +previously anointed with the ointment we have described. We cannot +better illustrate this question (the possibility of which has been +the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page85" id="page85"></a>[pg +85]</span> subject-matter of many grave dissertations amongst the +literati of those times) than by giving the substance of the +following singular "Confession," which with many others equally +interesting, was made in 1664, (the later days of the profession) +before Robert Hunt, Esq., a "justice with fat capon lined," in the +county of Somerset, and in the presence of "several grave and +orthodox divines."</p> +<p>Elizabeth Styles, of Stoke Triston, in that county, was accused +by "divers persons of credit," of the crimes of witchcraft and +sorcery. She was afterwards found guilty by a jury at Taunton, but +died before the sentence could be carried into effect. She +confessed "that the devil, about ten years since, appeared to her +in the shape of a handsome man, and after of a black dog; that he +promised her money, and that she should live gallantly, and have +the pleasure of the world for twelve years, if she would, with her +blood, sign his paper, which was to give her soul to him, and +observe his laws, and that he might suck her blood. This, after +four solicitations, the examinant promised to do; upon which he +pricked the fourth finger of her right hand, between the middle and +upper joints, (where the sign at the examination remained), and +with a drop or two of her blood, she signed the paper with an O. +Upon this the devil gave her sixpence, and vanished with the paper. +That since he hath appeared to her in the shape of a man, and did +so on Wednesday sevennight past, but more usually he appears in the +likeness of a dog, and cat, and a fly like a miller, in which last +he usually sucks in the poll, about four of the clock in the +morning, and did so January 27, and that it usually is pain to her +to be so suckt." When she desired to do harm, she called +<i>Robin</i>; on his appearance she opened her wants, saying, <i>O +Satan, give me my purpose.</i></p> +<p>That a short time before, she and other witches had met a +"gentleman in black" in a field, about nine o'clock at night, to +devise torments for one Elizabeth Hill, who had come under their +ban; they brought a waxen image of her, and the "man in black" took +and anointed it, saying, <i>I baptize thee with this oyl</i>; and +using other words. "He was godfather, and the examinant and Ann +Bishop were godmothers." They called it Elizabeth; and the black +man and weird sisters stuck thorns into various parts of the +luckless image. "After which, they had wine, cakes, and roast meat, +(provided by the gentleman in black,) which they did eat and drink; +and they danced and were very merry," &c. Many of these +unhallowed meetings took place afterwards, and their entertainer, +the gentleman in black—man or devil—seems to have been +a regular <i>gourmand</i>, "and never failed to bring with him +abundance of excellent cheer." The customary bill of fare was +"wine, good ale, cakes, meat, or the like." The spirit was, also, +rather musical, for he "sometimes played sweetly on the pipe or +cittern," the ladies keeping time with a dance, (we fear narrowly +approaching the modern waltz.) On the whole they seem to have had +joyous doings of it, and wonder ceases that the demon gained so +many proselytes amongst the old women. These nocturnal meetings +were generally held for a similar purpose with the foregoing; and +it appears from the confession before us, that they were conveyed +to them by supernatural means—by that simplest, though +despised engine of loco—(or to coin a a word) +aëro-motion—a broomstick. They were obliged to anoint +themselves on these occasions "with an oyl the spirit brought +them;" and they were soon transported to the place of appointment, +using these words in their transit, <i>"Thout, tout, a tout tout, +throughout and about!"</i> and on their return they say "Rentum, +tormentum!" Such is the information conveyed in the confession of +Elizabeth Styles, before these "grave and orthodox divines!"</p> +<p>They were also gifted by the "gentleman in black" with various +other wonderful powers and attributes. They could transform +themselves into the likeness of any animal in the creation, and +therefore the better execute their schemes of devilry; but, it +appears, that they always wanted that essential part—the +tail; and there was a trial gravely reported by a Lancashire jury, +that a soldier having been set to watch a mill from the +depredations of some cats, skilfully whipped off the leg of the +largest, which lo! the next morning, was changed into the arm of an +old witch (who had long been suspected) in the neighbourhood! This +useful faculty of transformation also extended, in some measure, to +the persons of others; for Dr. Bulwer gives the following <i>easy +recipe</i> for "setting a horse or ass' head" on a man's neck and +shoulders:<a id="footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href= +"#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a>—"Cut off the head of a horse or +an ass <i>(before they be dead, otherwise the virtue or strength +thereof will be less effectual,)</i> and take an earthen vessel of +a fit capacity to contain the same. Let it be filled with the oyl +or fat thereof; cover<span class="pagenum"><a name="page86" id= +"page86"></a>[pg 86]</span> it close, and daub it over with loam. +Let it boil over a soft fire for three dayes, that the flesh boiled +may run into oyl, so as the bones may be seen. Beat the hair into +powder, and mingle the same with the oyl, and <i>anoint the heads +of the standers by, and they shall seem to have horses or asses' +heads!</i> If beasts' heads be anointed with the like oyl made of a +man's head, (we suppose cut off while the said man was 'alive!') +they shall seem to have men's faces, as divers authors soberly +affirm!"</p> +<p>After dwelling on the dark and malignant qualities of witches, +it is but justice to give a few of the charms which, for a small +remuneration, they would bestow for the benefit of those who sought +their assistance in the hour of trouble. These charms were +possessed of various degrees of virtue, <i>ex. gratiae.</i></p> +<p><i>Against the toothache.</i>—Scarify the gums, in the +grief, with the tooth of one that hath been slain. Otherwise, +<i>galbes, gabat, galdes, galdat</i>. Otherwise say, "O horsecombs +and sickles that have so many teeth, come heal me of my +toothache!"</p> +<p>These very simple remedies, if popular, would soon send the +concocters of nostrums for the teeth into the Gazette.</p> +<p><i>To release a woman in travail.</i>—Throw over the top +of the house where the woman lieth in travail, a stone, or any +other thing that hath killed three living creatures: namely, a man, +a wild boar, and a she-bear.</p> +<p><i>Against the headache.</i>—Tie a halter round your head +wherewith one hath been hanged.</p> +<p><i>Against the bite of a mad dog.</i>—Put a silver ring on +the ringer, within which the following words are engraven: +<i>hobay, habas, heber</i>; and say to the person bitten by a mad +dog, "I am thy saviour, lose not thy life;" and then prick him in +the nose thrice, that at each time he bleed. Otherwise take pills +made of the skull of one that is hanged, &c.</p> +<p><i>To find her that bewitched your kine.</i>—Put a pair of +breeches upon the cow's head, and beat her out of the pasture with +a good cudgel, upon a Friday, and she will run right to the witch's +door, and strike thereat with her horns.</p> +<p>We are exceeding our limits, else we should have added several +other pithy receipts, almost worthy of her who made the noted one +against the creaking of a door—"rub a bit of soft soap on the +hinges." The most celebrated and precious charm, however, (for the +above are mostly against every-day occurrences) was the <i>Agnus +Dei</i>, which was a "preservative against all manner of evil, a +perfect catholicon; and blessed indeed was the individual who +possessed a treasure so valuable." It was "a little cake, having +the picture of a lamb carrying a flag, on the one side, and +Christ's head on the other side, and was hollow; so that the Gospel +of St. John, written on fine paper, was placed in the concavity +thereof;" and was a sovereign remedy against lightning, the effects +of heat, drowning, &c. &c. In some of the above charms +there is a little humour to be found; and as we have previously +observed, such are the effects of faith, that like the amulets of +the east (may not our own sprigs of witch-elm, &c. be so +called?) they may have had in many cases the desired effects in +averting disease.</p> +<p>Reginald Scot furnishes us with directions "how to prevent and +cure all mischief wrought by charms or witchcraft." To prevent the +entry of a witch into a house, nail a horse-shoe in the inside of +the outermost threshold. We believe this rule is still in practice. +Also it was a custom in some countries to nail a wolf's head, or a +root of garlic, over the door, or on the roof of a house. And our +Saviour's name, &c. with four crosses at the four corners of a +house, was a protection. The Romish custom of driving out evil +spirits by the smoke of sulphur, is well known. "Otherwise the +perfume made of the gall of a black dog, and his bloode besmeared +on the posts and walls of a house, driveth out of the doores, both +devils and witches." A sprig of witch-elm sewn in the collar of the +doublet, was celebrated amongst our great grandmothers as a +specific against the malignant deeds of the weird sisterhood.</p> +<p>But we must draw this article to a close. We may well rejoice +that we live in the nineteenth century; and that the disgusting +infatuation and baleful doctrines of witchcraft are gone for +ever.</p> +<p>VYVYAN.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>FINE ARTS</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>DESCRIPTION OF THE KING'S PALACE,</h3> +<h4><i>By Mr. Nash, the Architect.</i></h4> +<p>The grand entrance in front, which is to be reserved for the +especial use of his Majesty and the Royal Family, will be composed +of white marble, and will be a faithful model of the arch of +Constantine, at Rome, with the exception of the equestrian figure +of his Majesty George IV. on the top. The workmanship of this arch +is expected to rival any thing of the sort in the kingdom, and to +equal the finest works of antiquity. From each side of the arch a +semicircular railing will <span class="pagenum"><a name="page87" +id="page87"></a>[pg 87]</span> extend to the wings, executed in the +most beautiful style, in cast-iron, and surmounted by tips or +ornamental spears of mosaic gold. The area, within, will consist of +a grass-plat, in the centre of which will be an ornamental +fountain, and the whole will be bounded by a graveled road.</p> +<p>The wing on the left will comprise his Majesty's chapel, the +kitchen, and other offices; and that on the tight, his Majesty's +private suite of apartments. The entrance to the former is from the +back, near to where Buckingham-gate formerly stood, and it is by +this door that the visiters to the palace on gala days will be +admitted. Passing through the building, they will enter a spacious +colonnade, which extends along the front of the body of the palace, +and in front of each wing; above the colonnade is a magnificent +balcony, supported by columns of the Doric order. At the end of +each wing is a pediment, supported by Corinthian columns. The +entablature of each pediment is tastefully filled up with groups of +figures in white marble, exquisitely carved in <i>alto relievo</i>, +illustrative of the arts and sciences. On the extreme points of the +wing on the left, are fixed statues representing History, +Geography, and Astronomy; and on those of the right wing, Painting, +Music, and Architecture. On the entablature of the pediment, in +front of the main body of the palace, it is intended to place the +Arms of England; and on the top are placed Neptune, with Commerce +on one side, and Navigation on the other. Around the entire +building, and above the windows, is a delicately worked frieze, +combining in a scroll the Rose, the Shamrock, and the Thistle.</p> +<p>The entrance-hall is about thirty-three feet in height. The +pavement is of white marble slightly veined with blue. The entire +hall is bordered with a scroll of Sienna or yellow, centred with +rosettes of puce-coloured marble, inlaid in the most masterly style +of workmanship. The walls are of Scagliola, and the ceiling is +supported by a succession of white marble pillars. From the hall +are the avenues leading to the state +apartments—drawing-rooms, dining-rooms, throne-room, +statue-gallery, picture-gallery, &c.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>THE ANECDOTE GALLERY.</h2> +<hr /> +<h4>WINDSOR AS IT WAS.</h4> +<p>The last Number of the <i>London Magazine</i> contains an +article of considerable graphic interest, under the above title. It +is written by one "born within a stone's throw of the castle," and, +<i>ni fallor</i>, by the author of the picturesque description of +Virginia Water, in the Magazine for September, last. As the whole +article is much too long for our space, we have abridged it, taking +care to retain the most characteristic portion of the writer's very +pleasing reminiscences:—</p> +<p>My earliest recollections of Windsor are exceedingly delightful. +I was born within a stone's throw of the Castle-gates; and my whole +boyhood was passed in the most unrestrained enjoyment of the +venerable and beautiful objects by which I was surrounded, as if +they had been my own peculiar and proper inheritance. The king and +his family lived in a plain, barrack-looking lodge at his castle +foot, which, in its external appearance and its interior +arrangements, exactly corresponded with the humble taste and the +quiet, domestic habits of George III. The whole range of the +castle, its terrace, and its park, were places dedicated to the +especial pleasures of a school-boy.</p> +<p>The Park! what a glory was that for cricket and kite-flying. No +one molested us. The beautiful plain immediately under the eastern +terrace was called the Bowling Green;—and, truly, it was as +level as the smoothest of those appendages to suburban inns. We +took excellent care that the grass should not grow too fast beneath +our feet. No one molested us. The king, indeed, would sometimes +stand alone for half an hour to see the boys at cricket; and +heartily would he laugh when the wicket of some confident urchin +went down at the first ball. But we did not heed his majesty. He +was a quiet, good-humoured gentleman, in a long blue coat, whose +face was as familiar to us as that of our writing-master; and many +a time had that gracious gentleman bidden us good morning, when we +were hunting for mushrooms in the early dew, and had crossed his +path as he was returning from his dairy, to his eight o'clock +breakfast. Every one knew that most respectable and amiable of +country squires, called His Majesty; and truly there was no +inequality in the matter, for his majesty knew every one.</p> +<p>I have now no recollection of having, when a child, seen the +king with any of the appendages of royalty, except when he went to +town, once a week, to hold a levee; and then ten dragoons rode +before, and ten after his carriage, and the tradesmen in the +streets through which he passed duly stood at their doors, to make +the most profound reverences, as in duty bound, when their monarch +looked "every inch a king." But the bows were less profound, and +the wonderment none at all, when twice a week, <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page88" id="page88"></a>[pg 88]</span> as was +his wont during the summer months, his majesty, with all his +family, and a considerable bevy of ancient maids of honour and +half-pay generals, walked through the town, or rode at a slow pace +in an open carriage, to the Windsor theatre, which was then in the +High-street. Reader, it is impossible that you can form an idea of +the smallness of that theatre; unless you have by chance lived in a +country town, when the assembly-room of the head inn has been +fitted up with the aid of brown paper and ochre, for the exhibition +of some heroes of the sock and buskin, vulgarly called strollers. +At the old Windsor Theatre, her majesty's apothecary in the lower +boxes might have almost felt her pulse across the pit. My knowledge +of the drama commenced at the early age of seven years, amidst this +royal fellowship in fun; and most loyally did I laugh when his +majesty, leaning back in his capacious arm-chair in the stage-box, +shook the house with his genuine peals of hearty merriment. Well do +I remember the whole course of these royal play-goings. The theatre +was of an inconvenient form, with very sharp angles at the +junctions of the centre with the sides. The stage-box, and the +whole of the left or O.P. side of the lower tier, were appropriated +to royalty. The house would fill at about half-past six. At seven, +precisely, Mr. Thornton, the manager, made his entrance backwards, +through a little door, into the stage-box, with a plated +candlestick in each hand, bowing with all the grace that his gout +would permit. The six fiddles struck up God save the King; the +audience rose; the king nodded round and took his seat next the +stage; the queen curtsied, and took her arm-chair also. The satin +bills of their majesties and the princesses were then duly +displayed—and the dingy green curtain drew up. The +performances were invariably either a comedy and farce, or more +frequently three farces, with a plentiful interlarding of comic +songs. Quick, Suett, and Mrs. Mattocks were the reigning +favourites; and, about 1800, Elliston and Fawcett became occasional +stars. But Quick and Suett were the king's especial delight. When +Lovegold, in the "Miser," drawled out "a pin a day's a groat a +year," the laugh of the royal circle was somewhat loud; but when +Dicky Gossip exhibited in his vocation, and accompanied the burden +of his song, "Dicky Gossip, Dicky Gossip is the man," with the +blasts of his powder-puff, the cachinnation was loud and long, and +the gods prolonged the chorus of laughter, till the echo died away +in the royal box. At the end of the third act, coffee was handed +round to the court circle; and precisely at eleven the performances +finished,—and the flambeaux gleamed through the dimly-lighted +streets of Windsor, as the happy family returned to their tranquil +home.</p> +<p>There was occasionally a good deal of merriment going forward at +Windsor in these olden days. I have a dim recollection of having +danced in the little garden which was once the moat of the Round +Tower, and which Washington Irving has been pleased to imagine +existed in the time of James I. of Scotland. I have a perfect +remembrance of a fête at Frogmore, about the beginning of the +present century, where there was a Dutch fair,—and haymaking +very agreeably performed in white kid gloves by the belles of the +town,—and the buck-basket scene of the "Merry Wives of +Windsor" represented by Fawcett and Mrs. Mattocks, and I think Mrs. +Gibbs, under the colonnade of the house in the open day—and +variegated lamps—and transparencies—and tea served out +in tents, with a magnificent scramble for the bread and butter. +There was great good humour and freedom on all these occasions; and +if the grass was damp and the young ladies caught cold, and the +sandwiches were scarce, and the gentlemen went home hungry—I +am sure these little drawbacks were not to be imputed to the royal +entertainers, who delighted to see their neighbours and dependants +happy and joyous.</p> +<p>A few years passed over my head, and the scene was somewhat +changed. The king and his family migrated from their little lodge +into the old and spacious castle. This was about 1804. The lath and +plaster of Sir William Chambers was abandoned to the equerries and +chance visiters of the court; and the low rooms and dark passages +that had scarcely been tenanted since the days of Anne, were made +tolerably habitable by the aid of diligent upholstery. Upon the +whole, the change was not one which conduced to comfort; and I have +heard that the princesses wept when they quitted their snug +boudoirs in the Queen's Lodge. Windsor Castle, as it was, was a sad +patchwork affair.</p> +<p>The late king and his family had lived at Windsor nearly thirty +years, before it occurred to him to inhabit his own castle. The +period at which he took possession was one of extraordinary +excitement. It was the period of the threatened invasion of England +by Napoleon, when, as was the case with France, upon the manifesto +of the Duke of Brunswick, "the land bristled."</p> +<p>The doings at Windsor were certainly <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page89" id="page89"></a>[pg 89]</span> more than +commonly interesting at that period; and I was just of an age to +understand something of their meaning, and partake the excitement. +Sunday was especially a glorious day; and the description of one +Sunday will furnish an adequate picture of these of two or three +years.</p> +<p>At nine o'clock the sound of martial music was heard in the +streets. The Blues and the Stafford Militia then did duty at +Windsor; and though the one had seen no service since Minden, and +most undeservedly bore the stigma of a past generation; and the +other was composed of men who had never faced any danger but the +ignition of a coal-pit;—they were each a remarkably fine body +of soldiers, and the king did well to countenance them. Of the +former regiment George III. had a troop of his own, and he +delighted to wear the regimentals of a captain of the Blues; and +well did his burly form become the cocked hat and heavy jack-boots +which were the fashion of that fine corps in 1805. At nine o'clock, +as I have said, of a Sunday morning, the noise of trumpet and of +drum was heard in the streets of Windsor; for the regiments paraded +in the castle quadrangle. The troops occupied the whole square. At +about ten the king appeared with his family. He passed round the +lines, while the salute was performed; and many a rapid word of +inquiry had he to offer to the colonels who accompanied him. Not +always did he wait for an answer—but that was after the +fashion of royalty in general. He passed onwards towards St. +George's Chapel. But the military pomp did not end in what is +called the upper quadrangle. In the lower ward, at a very humble +distance from the regular troops, were drawn up a splendid body of +men, ycleped the Windsor Volunteers; and most gracious were the +nods of royalty to the well-known drapers, and hatters, and +booksellers, who had the honour to hold commissions in that +distinguished regiment. The salutations, however, were short, and +onwards went the cortege, for the chapel bell was tolling in, and +the king was always punctual.</p> +<p>Great was the crowd to see the king and his family return from +chapel; for by this time London had poured forth its chaises and +one, and the astonished inmates of Cheapside and St. Mary Axe were +elbowing each other to see how a monarch smiled. They saw him well; +and often have I heard the disappointed exclamation, "Is +<i>that</i> the king?" They saw a portly man, in a plain suit of +regimentals, and no crown upon his head. What a fearful falling off +from the king of the story-books!</p> +<p>The terrace, however, was the great Sunday attraction; and +though Bishop Porteus remonstrated with his majesty for suffering +people to crowd together, and bands to play on these occasions, I +cannot think that the good-tempered monarch committed any mortal +sin in walking amongst his people in their holiday attire. This +terrace was a motley scene.</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>The peasant's toe did gall the courtier's gibe.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>The barber from Eton and his seven daughters elbowed the dean +who rented his back parlour, when he was in the sixth +form,—and who now was crowding to the front rank for a smile +of majesty, having heard that the Bishop of Chester was seriously +indisposed. The prime minister waited quietly amidst the crush, +till the royal party should descend from their +dining-room,—smiling at, if not unheeding, the anxious +inquiries of the stock-broker from Change Alley, who wondered if +Mr. Pitt would carry a gold stick before the king. The only time I +saw that minister was under these circumstances. It was the year +before he died. He stood firmly and proudly amongst the crowd for +some half-hour till the king should arrive. The monarch, of course, +immediately recognised him; the contrast in the demeanour of the +two personages made a remarkable impression upon me—and that +of the minister first showed me an example of the perfect +self-possession of men of great abilities.</p> +<p>After a year or two of this soil of excitement the king became +blind; and painful was the exhibition of the led horse of the good +old man, as he took his accustomed ride. In a few more years a +still heavier calamity fell upon him—and from that time +Windsor Castle became, comparatively, a mournful place. The terrace +was shut up—the ancient pathway through the park, and under +the castle walls, was diverted—and a somewhat Asiatic state +and stillness seemed to usurp the reign of the old free and +familiar intercourse of the sovereign with the people.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>NOTES OF A READER.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>NAVARINO.</h3> +<p>Towards the close of the battle of Navarino, one of our +midshipmen, a promising youth of about fourteen, was struck by a +cannon-shot, which carried off both his legs, and his right-hand, +with which the poor fellow had been grasping his<span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page90" id="page90"></a>[pg 90]</span> cutlass +at that moment. He lay in the gun-room, as nothing could be done +for him; and I was informed by one of the men, that he repeatedly +named his mother in a piteous tone, but soon after rallied a +little, and began to inquire eagerly how the action was going on, +and if any more Turkish ships had struck. He lingered in great +agony for about twenty minutes.—From a spirited description +in No. 2, <i>United Service Journal</i>, intended for abridgment +probably in our next.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>FRENCH THEATRES.</h3> +<p>The revenue of the thirteen theatres of Paris during last year, +amounted to the great sum of £233,561 sterling; that of the +two establishments for the performance of the <i>regular drama</i> +amounting only to £26,600, or not more than a tithe of the +whole.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>ROUSSEAU.</h3> +<p>A mask taken upon the face of Jean Jacques Rousseau after death, +recently fetched, at the sale of the late M. Houdon, 500 francs. +The purchaser has since refused an offer of 15,000 francs for +it.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BRUSSELS.</h3> +<p>May be said to be next to Paris, the largest English colony on +the continent; and that there are not fewer at this moment than six +thousand English residents there. This is not at all surprising. +Cheapness of living, of education, of amusements—a mild +government and agreeable society—the abundance of all the +necessaries of life, of fine fruits and vegetables in particular, +are temptations; though we pity those who have not the virtue to +resist them.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>WRITING FOR THE STAGE.</h3> +<p>Is it not extraordinary that the manager of a theatre is the +only purveyor who does not know the value of his wares? A +bookseller will, if he approves of a work, pay a certain sum for +the copyright, and risk an additional sum in the publication, at +the hazard of losing by the fiat of a very capricious public, the +reading public. But the writer of a drama must make up his mind to +stake the labour of months on the fortune of a single +night.—<i>New Monthly Mag.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>EXPEDITIONS OF DISCOVERY.</h3> +<p>Narratives of these important and interesting enterprizes +multiply so fast, that we are happy to announce, as preparing for +publication, a series of abstracts of the most recent <i>Voyages +and Overland Journeys</i>. They will be printed in an economical +volume adapted to all classes of purchasers, and will contain all +the new facts in nautical and geographical science; details of the +<i>Natural History</i> of the respective countries, the manners and +customs of the natives, &c.—Fernando Po, Timbuctoo, +Clapperton's African adventures, and Capt. Dillon's discoveries +relative to the fate of La Perouse, will, of course, form prominent +portions of this work, the popular title of which will be, "<i>The +Cabinet of Recent Voyages and Travels</i>."</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BEEF-EATING.</h3> +<p>A facetious gourmand used to say, that he had eaten so much beef +for the last six months, that he was ashamed to look a bullock in +the face.—<i>Twelve Years' Military Adventures.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>THE SABBATH.</h3> +<p>If we believe in the divine origin of the commandment, the +Sabbath is instituted for the express purposes of religion. The +time set apart is the "Sabbath of the Lord;" a day on which we are +not to work our own works, or think our own thoughts. The precept +is positive, and the purpose clear. He who has to accomplish his +own salvation, must not carry to tennis courts and skittle grounds +the train of reflections which ought necessarily to be excited by a +serious discourse of religion. The religious part of the Sunday's +exercise is not to be considered as a bitter medicine, the taste of +which is as soon as possible to be removed by a bit of sugar. On +the contrary, our demeanour through the rest of the day ought to +be, not sullen certainly, or morose, but serious and tending to +instruction. Give to the world one half of the Sunday, and you will +find that religion has no strong hold of the other. Pass the +morning at church, and the evening, according to your taste or +rank, in the cricket-field, or at the Opera, and you will soon find +thoughts of the evening hazards and bets intrude themselves on the +sermon, and that recollections of the popular melodies interfere +with the psalms. Religion is thus treated like Lear, to whom his +ungrateful daughters first denied one half of his stipulated +attendance, and then made it a question whether they should grant +him any share of what remained.—<i>Quart. Review.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>POCKET BOOKS.</h3> +<p>Among the works under this denomination for 1829, we notice two, +which from their almost indispensible utility, deserve the name of +<i>Hardy Annuals</i>. The first is <i>Adcock's Engineers' Pocket +Book</i>, and contains tables of British weights and measures, +multiplication and division <span class="pagenum"><a name="page91" +id="page91"></a>[pg 91]</span> obtained by inspection, tables of +squares and cubes and square and cube roots, and mensuration; +tables of the areas and circumferences of circles, &c.; the +mechanical powers, animal strength, mills and steam-engines, +treatises on hydraulics, pneumatics, heat, &c., and on the +strength and heat of materials. To these are superadded the usual +contents of a pocket book, so as to render the present volume a +desirable vade-mecum for the operative, the manufacturer, and +engineer.</p> +<p>One of Mr. Adcock's most popular illustrations will not be +uninteresting to the reader:—</p> +<p><i>"Force of Gunpowder."</i>—"If we calculate the quantity +of motion produced by gunpowder, we shall find that this agent, +though extremely convenient, is far more expensive than human +labour; but the advantage of gunpowder consists in the great rarity +of the active substance; a spring or a bow can only act with a +moderate velocity on account of its own weight; the air of the +atmosphere, however compressed, could not flow into a vacuum with a +velocity so great as 1,500 feet in a second; hydrogen gas might +move more rapidly; but the elastic substance produced by gunpowder +is capable of propelling a very heavy cannon ball with a much +greater velocity."</p> +<p>Of an opposite character, but equally useful, and more +attractive for the general reader, is the second,—<i>The +Spoilsman's Pocket Book</i>, by a brother of the author of the +preceding. Here are the usual pocket-book contents, and the laws, +&c. of British sports and pastimes—as shooting, angling, +hunting, coursing, racing, cricket, and <i>skating</i>: from the +latter we subjoin a hint for the benefit of the <i>Serpentine +Mercuries</i>; which proves the adage <i>ex liguo non fit +Mercurius</i>:—</p> +<p>"Care should be taken that the muscular movements of the whole +body correspond with the movements of the skates, and that it be +regulated so as to be almost imperceptible to the spectators; for +nothing so much diminishes the grace and elegance of skating as +sudden jerks and exertions. The attitude of drawing the bow and +arrow, whilst the skater is forming a large circle on the outside, +is very beautiful, and some persons, in skating, excel in manual +exercises and military salutes."</p> +<p>The whole series of pocket books by the Messrs. Adcocks, extend, +we believe, to eight, adapted for all descriptions of +<i>industriels</i>, as well as for the less occupied, who are not +"the architects of their own fortunes."</p> +<hr /> +<p>Dr. Parr was the last learned schoolmaster who was professedly +an amateur of the rod; and in that profession there was more of +humour and affectation than of reality, for with all his habitual +affectation and his occasional brutality, Parr was a good-natured, +generous, warm-hearted man; there was a coarse husk and a hard +shell, like the cocoa-nut, but the core was filled with the milk of +human kindness.—<i>Quarterly Review.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>CRANIOLOGY.</h3> +<p>On a celebrated craniologist visiting the <i>studio</i> of a +celebrated sculptor in London, his attention was drawn to a bust +with a remarkable depth of skull from the forehead to the occiput. +"What a noble head," he exclaimed, "is that! full seven inches! +What superior powers of mind must he be endowed with, who possesses +such a head as is here represented!" "Why, yes," says the blunt +artist, "he certainly was a very extraordinary man—that is +the bust of my early friend and first patron, John Horne Tooke." +"Ay," answers the craniologist, "you see there is something after +all in our science, notwithstanding the scoffs of many of your +countrymen." "Certainly," says the sculptor; "but here is another +bust, with a greater depth and a still more capacious forehead." +"Bless me!" exclaims the craniologist, taking out his rule, "eight +inches! who can this be? this is indeed a head—in this there +can be no mistake; what depth of intellect, what profundity of +thought, must reside in that skull! this I am sure must belong to +some extraordinary and well-known character." "Why, yes," says the +sculptor, "he is pretty well known—it is the head of Lord +Pomfret."</p> +<hr /> +<h3>PRYNNE.</h3> +<p>Anthony A'Wood has informed us that when Prynne studied, "his +custom was to put on a long quilted cap, which came an inch over +his eyes, serving as an umbrella to defend them from too much +light, and seldom eating any dinner. He would be every three hours +munching a roll of bread, and now and then refresh his exhausted +spirits with ale."</p> +<hr /> +<h3>GERMAN STUDENTS.</h3> +<p>The German students are a set of young men who certainly pursue +their studies with zeal, but who nevertheless are more brutal in +conduct, more insolent in manner, more slovenly and ruffian-like in +appearance, and more offensive from the fumes of tobacco and beer, +onions and sourcrout, in which they are enveloped, than are to be +met with in any <span class="pagenum"><a name="page92" id= +"page92"></a>[pg 92]</span> other part of Europe. In a small town +of a small state a German university is a horrible nuisance; and +how the elegant court of Weimar, in particular, can tolerate the +existence of one within an hour's ride of its palace, where we have +seen ragamuffins fighting with broad-swords in the market-place, +moves "our special wonder." To the university of Bonn is attached a +rich collection of subjects in natural history, and a botanical +garden; and such is its success, from the celebrity of its +professors, among whom is numbered the illustrious William +Schlegel, that, Dr. Granville states, "there are at this time about +one thousand and twenty students who, for twenty pounds in +university and professors' fees, and forty more for living, get a +first-rate education." The climate and the situation on the banks +of the Rhine are most inviting; and a beautiful avenue of chestnut +trees, nearly a mile in length, joins the castle of Popplesdorf, +which contains the cabinets of natural history, with the +university.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>GREAT SEAL OF ENGLAND.</h3> +<p>The Great Seal itself, when not in the king's own custody, was +entrusted to the "Chancellor," whose salary, as fixed by Henry I., +amounted to five shillings per diem, besides a "livery" of +provisions. And the allowance of one pint and a half, or perhaps a +quart of claret, one "gross wax-light," and forty candle-ends, to +enable the Chancellor to carry on his housekeeping, may be +considered as a curious exemplification of primitive temperance and +economy.—<i>Quarterly Rev.</i></p> +<hr /> +<p>The good people of Weimar appear to be most enthusiastic lovers +of music, affording strong proofs of melomania. Every householder +of any importance subscribes an annual sum to a band of musicians, +who go round in long cloaks to each house, singing fugas and +canons, unaccompanied by instruments, in "the most beautiful and +correct style imaginable,"—something, we suppose, in the +style of the Tyrolese minstrels.—<i>Ibid.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>TRAVELLING.</h3> +<p>A friend of ours recently went to Russia by steam, and actually +breakfasted in Moscow the thirteenth morning after he left London. +There is now, he says, a road as good as that to Brighton over +three parts of the distance between St. Petersburg and +Moscow—what a change from 1812!—<i>Ibid.</i></p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>THE MURDER HOLE.</h3> +<h4><i>An Ancient Legend.</i></h4> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p class="i10">"Ah, frantic Fear!</p> +<p>I see, I see thee near;</p> +<p>I know thy hurried step, thy haggard eye!</p> +<p>Like thee I start, like thee disorder'd fly!</p> +<p class="i24">COLLINS.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>In a remote district of country belonging to Lord Cassillis, +between Ayrshire and Galloway, about three hundred years ago, a +moor of apparently boundless extent stretched several miles along +the road, and wearied the eye of the traveller by the sameness and +desolation of its appearance; not a tree varied the +prospect—not a shrub enlivened the eye by its +freshness—nor a native flower bloomed to adorn this ungenial +soil. One "lonesome desert" reached the horizon on every side, with +nothing to mark that any mortal had ever visited the scene before, +except a few rude huts that were scattered near its centre; and a +road, or rather pathway, for those whom business or necessity +obliged to pass in that direction. At length, deserted as this wild +region had always been, it became still more gloomy. Strange +rumours arose, that the path of unwary travellers had been beset on +this "blasted heath," and that treachery and murder had intercepted +the solitary stranger as he traversed its dreary extent. When +several persons, who were known to have passed that way, +mysteriously disappeared, the inquiries of their relatives led to a +strict and anxious investigation; but though the officers of +justice were sent to scour the country, and examine the +inhabitants, not a trace could be obtained of the persons in +question, nor of any place of concealment which could be a refuge +for the lawless or desperate to horde in. Yet, as inquiry became +stricter, and the disappearance of individuals more frequent, the +simple inhabitants of the neighbouring hamlet were agitated by the +most fearful apprehensions. Some declared that the deathlike +stillness of the night was often interrupted by sudden and +preternatural cries of more than mortal anguish, which seemed to +arise in the distance; and a shepherd one evening, who had lost his +way on the moor, declared he had approached three mysterious +figures, who seemed struggling against each other with supernatural +energy, till at length one of them, with a frightful scream, +suddenly sunk into the earth.</p> +<p>Gradually the inhabitants deserted their dwellings on the heath, +and settled in distant quarters, till at length but one of the +cottages <span class="pagenum"><a name="page93" id="page93"></a>[pg +93]</span> continued to be inhabited by an old woman and her two +sons, who loudly lamented that poverty chained them to this +solitary and mysterious spot. Travellers who frequented this road +now generally did so in groups to protect each other; and if night +overtook them, they usually stopped at the humble cottage of the +old woman and her sons, where cleanliness compensated for the want +of luxury, and where, over a blazing fire of peat, the bolder +spirits smiled at the imaginary terrors of the road, and the more +timid trembled as they listened to the tales of terror and affright +with which their hosts entertained them.</p> +<p>One gloomy and tempestuous night in November, a pedlar-boy +hastily traversed the moor. Terrified to find himself involved in +darkness amidst its boundless wastes, a thousand frightful +traditions, connected with this dreary scene, darted across his +mind—every blast, as it swept in hollow gusts over the heath, +seemed to teem with the sighs of departed spirits—and the +birds, as they winged their way above his head, appeared, with loud +and shrill cries, to warn him of approaching dagger. The whistle +with which he usually beguiled his weary pilgrimage died away into +silence, and he groped along with trembling and uncertain steps, +which sounded too loudly in his ears. The promise of Scripture +occurred to his memory, and revived his courage. "I will be unto +thee as a rock in the desert, and as an hiding-place in the storm." +<i>Surely</i>, thought he, <i>though alone, I am not forsaken;</i> +and a prayer for assistance hovered on his lips.</p> +<p>A light now glimmered in the distance which would lead him, he +conjectured, to the cottage of the old woman; and towards that he +eagerly bent his way, remembering as he hastened along, that when +he had visited it the year before, it was in company with a large +party of travellers, who had beguiled the evening with those tales +of mystery which had so lately filled his brain with images of +terror. He recollected, too, how anxiously the old woman and her +sons had endeavoured to detain him when the other travellers were +departing; and now, therefore, he confidently anticipated a cordial +and cheering reception. His first call for admission obtained no +visible marks of attention, but instantly the greatest noise and +confusion prevailed within the cottage. They think it is one of the +supernatural visitants of whom the old lady talks so much, thought +the boy, approaching a window, where the light within showed him +all the inhabitants at their several occupations; the old woman was +hastily scrubbing the stone floor, and strewing it thickly over +with sand, while her two sons seemed with equal haste to be +thrusting something large and heavy into an immense chest, which +they carefully locked. The boy in a frolicsome mood, thoughtlessly +tapped at the window, when they all instantly started up with +consternation so strongly depicted on their countenances, that he +shrunk back involuntarily with an undefined feeling of +apprehension; but before he had time to reflect a moment longer, +one of the men suddenly darted out at the door, and seizing the boy +roughly by the shoulder, dragged him violently into the cottage. "I +am not what you take me for," said the boy, attempting to laugh, +"but only the poor pedlar who visited you last year."—"Are +you <i>alone?</i>" inquired the old woman, in a harsh, deep tone, +which made his heart thrill with apprehension. "Yes," said the boy, +"I am alone <i>here</i>; and alas!" he added, with a burst of +uncontrollable feeling, "I am alone in the wide world also! Not a +person exists who would assist me in distress, or shed a single +tear if I died this very night." "<i>Then</i> you are welcome!" +said one of the men with a sneer, while he cast a glance of +peculiar expression at the other inhabitants of the cottage.</p> +<p>It was with a shiver of apprehension, rather than of cold, that +the boy drew towards the fire, and the looks which the old woman +and her sons exchanged, made him wish that he had preferred the +shelter of any one of the roofless cottages which were scattered +near, rather than trust himself among persons of such dubious +aspect. Dreadful surmises flitted across his brain; and terrors +which he could neither combat nor examine imperceptibly stole into +his mind; but alone, and beyond the reach of assistance, he +resolved to smother his suspicions, or at least not increase the +danger by revealing them. The room to which he retired for the +night had a confused and desolate aspect; the curtains seemed to +have been violently torn down from the bed, and still hung in +tatters around it—the table seemed to have been broken by +some violent concussion, and the fragments of various pieces of +furniture lay scattered upon the floor. The boy begged that a light +might burn in his apartment till he was asleep, and anxiously +examined the fastenings of the door; but they seemed to have been +wrenched asunder on some former occasion, and were still left rusty +and broken.</p> +<p>It was long ere the pedlar attempted to compose his agitated +nerves to rest; but at length his senses began to "steep themselves +in <span class="pagenum"><a name="page94" id="page94"></a>[pg +94]</span> forgetfulness," though his imagination remained +painfully active, and presented new scenes of terror to his mind, +with all the vividness of reality. He fancied himself again +wandering on the heath, which appeared to be peopled with spectres, +who all beckoned to him not to enter the cottage, and as he +approached it, they vanished with a hollow and despairing cry. The +scene then changed, and he found himself again seated by the fire, +where the countenances of the men scowled upon him with the most +terrifying malignity, and he thought the old woman suddenly seized +him by the arms, and pinioned them to his side. Suddenly the boy +was startled from these agitated slumbers, by what sounded to him +like a cry of distress; he was broad awake in a moment, and sat up +in bed,—but the noise was not repeated, and he endeavoured to +persuade himself it had only been a continuation of the fearful +images which had disturbed his rest; when, on glancing at the door, +he observed underneath it a broad, red stream of blood silently +stealing its course along the floor. Frantic with alarm, it was but +the work of a moment to spring from his bed, and rush to the door, +through a chink of which, his eye nearly dimmed with affright he +could watch unsuspected whatever might be done in the adjoining +room.</p> +<p>His fear vanished instantly when he perceived that it was only a +<i>goat</i> that they had been slaughtering; and he was about to +steal into his bed again, ashamed of his groundless apprehensions, +when his ear was arrested by a conversation which transfixed him +aghast with terror to the spot.</p> +<p>"This is an easier job than you had yesterday," said the man who +held the goat. "I wish all the throats we've cut were as easily and +quietly done. Did you ever hear such a noise as the old gentleman +made last night! It was well we had no neighbour within a dozen of +miles, or they must have heard his cries for help and mercy."</p> +<p>"Don't speak of it," replied the other; "I was never fond of +bloodshed,"</p> +<p>"Ha, ha!" said the other with a sneer, "you say so, do you?"</p> +<p>"I do," answered the first, gloomily; "the Murder Hole is the +thing for me—<i>that</i> tells no tales—a single +scuffle—a single plunge—and the fellow's dead and +buried to your hand in a moment. I would defy all the officers in +Christendom to discover any mischief <i>there</i>."</p> +<p>"Ay, Nature did us a good turn when she contrived such a place +as that. Who that saw a hole in the heath, filled with clear water, +and so small that the long grass meets over the top of it, would +suppose that the depth is unfathomable, and that it conceals more +than forty people who have met their deaths there! it sucks them in +like a leech!"</p> +<p>"How do you mean to dispatch the lad in the next room?" asked +the old woman in an under tone. The elder son made her a sign to be +silent, and pointed towards the door where their trembling auditor +was concealed; while the other, with an expression of brutal +ferocity, passed his bloody knife across his throat.</p> +<p>The pedlar boy possessed a bold and daring spirit, which was now +roused to desperation; but in any open resistance the odds were so +completely against him, that flight seemed his best resource. He +gently stole to the window, and having by one desperate effort +broken the rusty bolt by which the casement had been fastened, he +let himself down without noise or difficulty. This betokens good, +thought he, pausing an instant in dreadful hesitation what +direction to take. This momentary deliberation was fearfully +interrupted by the hoarse voice of the men calling alound, "<i>The +boy has fled—let loose the bloodhound!</i>" These words sunk +like a death-knell on his heart, for escape appeared now +impossible, and his nerves seemed to melt away like wax in a +furnace. Shall I perish without a struggle! thought he, rousing +himself to exertion, and, helpless and terrified as a hare pursued +by its ruthless hunters, he fled across the heath. Soon the baying +of the bloodhound broke the stillness of the night, and the voice +of its masters sounded through the moor, as they endeavoured to +accelerate its speed,—panting and breathless the boy pursued +his hopeless career, but every moment his pursuers seemed to gain +upon his failing steps. The hound was unimpeded by the darkness +which was to him so impenetrable, and its noise rung louder and +deeper on his ear—while the lanterns which were carried by +the men gleamed near and distinct upon his vision.</p> +<p>At his fullest speed, the terrified boy fell with violence over +a heap of stones, and having nothing on but his shirt, he was +severely cut in every limb. With one wild cry to Heaven for +assistance, he continued prostrate on the earth, bleeding, and +nearly insensible. The hoarse voices of the men, and the still +louder baying of the dog, were now so near, that instant +destruction seemed inevitable,—already he felt himself in +their fangs, and the bloody knife of the assassin appeared +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page95" id="page95"></a>[pg +95]</span> to gleam before his eyes,—despair renewed his +energy, and once more, in an agony of affright that seemed verging +towards madness, he rushed forward so rapidly that terror seemed to +have given wings to his feet. A loud cry near the spot he had left +arose on his ears without suspending his flight. The hound had +stopped at the place where the Pedlar's wounds bled so profusely, +and deeming the chase now over, it lay down there, and could not be +induced to proceed; in vain the men beat it with frantic violence, +and tried again to put the hound on the scent,—the sight of +blood had satisfied the animal that its work was done, and with +dogged resolution it resisted every inducement to pursue the same +scent a second time. The pedlar boy in the meantime paused not in +his flight till morning dawned—and still as he fled, the +noise of steps seemed to pursue him, and the cry of his assassins +still sounded in the distance. Ten miles off he reached a village, +and spread instant alarm throughout the neighbourhood—the +inhabitants were aroused with one accord into a tumult of +indignation—several of them had lost sons, brothers, or +friends on the heath, and all united in proceeding instantly to +seize the old woman and her sons, who were nearly torn to pieces by +their violence. Three gibbets were immediately raised on the moor, +and the wretched culprits confessed before their execution to the +destruction of nearly fifty victims in the Murder Hole which they +pointed out, and near which they suffered the penalty of their +crimes. The bones of several murdered persons were with difficulty +brought up from the abyss into which they had been thrust; but so +narrow is the aperture, and so extraordinary the depth, that all +who see it are inclined to coincide in the tradition of the country +people that it is unfathomable. The scene of these events still +continues nearly as it was 300 years ago. The remains of the old +cottage, with its blackened walls (haunted of course by a thousand +evil spirits,) and the extensive moor, on which a more modern +<i>inn</i> (if it can be dignified with such an epithet) resembles +its predecessor in every thing but the character of its +inhabitants; the landlord is deformed, but possesses extraordinary +genius; he has himself manufactured a violin, on which he plays +with untaught skill,—and if any <i>discord</i> be heard in +the house, or any <i>murder</i> committed in it, this is his only +instrument. His daughter (who has never travelled beyond the heath) +has inherited her father's talent, and learnt all his tales of +terror and superstition, which she relates with infinite spirit; +but when you are led by her across the heath to drop a stone into +that deep and narrow gulf to which our story relates,—when +you stand on its slippery edge, and (parting the long grass with +which it is covered) gaze into its mysterious depths,—when +she describes, with all the animation of an <i>eye witness</i>, the +struggles of the victims grasping the grass as a last hope of +preservation, and trying to drag in their assassin as an expiring +effort of vengeance,—when you are told that for 300 years the +clear waters in this diamond of the desert have remained untasted +by mortal lips, and that the solitary traveller is still pursued at +night by the howling of the bloodhound,—it is <i>then +only</i> that it is possible fully to appreciate the terrors of THE +MURDER HOLE.</p> +<p><i>Blackwood's Magazine.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>DANCING.</h3> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I never to a ball will go,</p> +<p class="i2">That poor pretence for prancing,</p> +<p>Where Jenkins dislocates a toe,</p> +<p class="i2">And Tomkins <i>thinks</i> he's dancing:</p> +<p>And most I execrate that ball,</p> +<p class="i2">Of balls the most atrocious,</p> +<p>Held yearly in old Magog's hall,</p> +<p class="i2">The feasting and ferocious.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I execrate the mob, the squeeze,</p> +<p class="i2">The rough refreshment-scramble:</p> +<p>The dancers, keeping time with knees</p> +<p class="i2">That knock as down they amble;</p> +<p>Between two lines of bankers' clerks,</p> +<p class="i2">Stared at by two of loobies—</p> +<p>All mighty fine for city sparks,</p> +<p class="i2">But all and each one boobies:—</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Boobies with heads like poodle-dogs,</p> +<p class="i2">With curls like clew-lines dangling;</p> +<p>With limbs like galvanizing frogs,</p> +<p class="i2">And necks stiff-starched and strangling;</p> +<p>With pigeon-breasts and pigeon-wings,</p> +<p class="i2">And waists like wasps and spiders;</p> +<p>With whiskers like Macready's kings',</p> +<p class="i2">Mustachios like El Hyder's.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Miss Jones, the Moorfields milliner,</p> +<p class="i2">With Toilinet, the draper,</p> +<p>May waltz—for none are <i>willinger</i></p> +<p class="i2">To cut cloth or a caper.—</p> +<p>Miss Moses of the Minories,</p> +<p class="i2">With Mr. Wicks of Wapping,</p> +<p>May love such light tracasseries,</p> +<p class="i2">Such shuffle shoe and hopping:</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Miss Hicks, the belle of Holywell,</p> +<p class="i2">And pride of Norton Falgate,</p> +<p>In waltzing may the world excel,</p> +<p class="i2">Except Miss Hicks of Aldgate.</p> +<p>Well, let them—'tis their nature—twirl,</p> +<p class="i2">And Smiths adore their twirlings,</p> +<p>Which kill with envy every girl</p> +<p class="i2">That fingers lace at Urling's,</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I laugh while I lament to see</p> +<p class="i2">A fellow, made to measure</p> +<p>'Gainst grenadiers of six feet three,</p> +<p class="i2">"Die down the dance" with pleasure.</p> +<p>I laugh to see a man with thews</p> +<p class="i2">His way through Misses picking,</p> +<p>Like pig with tender pettitoes,</p> +<p class="i2">Or chicken-hearted chicken;</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>A tom-cat shod with walnut-shells,</p> +<p class="i2">A pony race in pattens,</p> +<p>A wagon-horse tricked out with bells,</p> +<p class="i2">A sow in silks and satins,</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page96" id="page96"></a>[pg +96]</span> +<p>A butcher's hair <i>en papillote</i>,</p> +<p class="i2">And lounging Piccadilly,</p> +<p>A clown in an embroidered coat,</p> +<p class="i2">Are not more gauche and silly.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Let atoms take their dusty dance,</p> +<p class="i2">But men are not corpuscles:</p> +<p>An Englishman's not made in France,</p> +<p class="i2">Nor wire and buckram muscles.</p> +<p>The manly leap, the breathing race,</p> +<p class="i2">The wrestle, or old cricket,</p> +<p>Give to the limbs a native grace—</p> +<p class="i2">So, here's for double-wicket.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Leave dancing to the women, Men—</p> +<p class="i2">In them it is becoming;—</p> +<p>I never tire to see them, when</p> +<p class="i2">Joe Hart his fiddle's strumming,</p> +<p>Or Colinet and mild Musard</p> +<p class="i2">Have set their hearts quadrilling;—</p> +<p>Then be each nymph a gay Brocard,</p> +<p class="i2">And every woman killing.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I love to see the pretty dears</p> +<p class="i2">Go lightly caracolling,</p> +<p>And drinking love at eyes and ears,</p> +<p class="i2">With every look their soul in!</p> +<p>I like to watch the swan-like grace</p> +<p class="i2">They show in minuetting.</p> +<p>It hits one's bosom's tenderest place,</p> +<p class="i2">To see them pirouetting.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>But when a measurer of tape</p> +<p class="i2">Turns butterfly and dandy,</p> +<p>Assumes their grace, their air, their shape,</p> +<p class="i2">I wish a pump were handy!</p> +<p>I never to such balls will go,</p> +<p class="i2">Those poor pretexts for prancing;</p> +<p>Where Jenkins dislocates his toe,</p> +<p class="i2">And Tomkins <i>thinks</i> he's dancing.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p><i>Monthly Magazine.</i></p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>THE GATHERER.</h2> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>SHAKSPEARE.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>FAMILY RECKONING.</h3> +<p>Two Irishmen lately met, who had not seen each other since their +arrival from Dublin's fair city. Pat exclaimed, "How are you, my +honey; how is Biddy Sulivan, Judy O'Connell, and Daniel O'Keefe?" +"Oh! my jewel," answered the other, "Biddy has got so many children +that she will soon be a grandfather; Judy has six, but they have no +father at all, for she never was married. And, as for Daniel, he's +grown so thin, that he is as thin as us both put together."</p> +<p>W. G. C.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>VARY-WEEL WHILE IT LASTS.</h3> +<p>Two old Scotch gentlemen, having left their better halves in the +Land o' Cakes, on quitting Covent Garden theatre were discussing +the merits of the play, the School for Scandal. "I was vary gled to +see Sir Peter and my Leddy Tizzle sic gude frinds agin, Mr. +M'Dougal, what think ye?" "Eh, mon, vary weel while it lasts, but +it's just Mrs. M'Dougal's way. I'se warrant they're at it agin +afore we are doon in our beds mon." Poor Sheridan should have heard +this himself.</p> +<hr /> +<p>One of his majesty's frigates being at anchor on a winter's +night, in a tremendous gale of wind, the ground broke, and she +began to drive. The lieutenant of the watch ran down to the captain +and awoke him from his sleep, and told him the anchor had come +home. "Well," said the captain, rubbing his eyes, "I think our +anchor is perfectly right, for who the d—— would stay +out such a night as this?"</p> +<p>W. G. C.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Beer was first introduced into England in 1492; into Scotland as +early as 1482. By the statute of King James I. one full quart of +the best beer or ale was to be sold for one penny, and two quarts +of small beer for one penny.</p> +<hr /> +<p>In the museum of Stuttgard, is a portrait of the Countess of +Salzburg, who, at the age of 50 years, had mustachios, whiskers, +and a beard, as long and as black as those of any man.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>TRIAL BY JURY.</h3> +<p>The following anecdote is given in "<i>Lettres tres sur +l'Angleterre par A. de Stael Holstein</i>." "King George III. once +gave directions for closing up a gate and a road in his own park at +Richmond, which had been free to foot passengers for many years. A +citizen of Richmond, who found the road convenient to the +inhabitants of that village, took up the cause of his neighbours. +He contended, that, although the thoroughfare might have been +originally an encroachment, it had become public property by the +lapse of time, and by prescriptive right, and that he should compel +the king to re-open it. He brought his suit, without hesitating, +into a court of justice, and gained his process."</p> +<hr /> +<p>This day is published, price 5s. with a Frontispiece, and thirty +other Engravings, the</p> +<p>ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR +1829.</p> +<p>The MECHANICAL department contains ONE HUNDRED New Inventions +and Discoveries, with 14 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> +<p>CHEMICAL, SEVENTY articles, with 2 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> +<p>NATURAL HISTORY, 135 New Facts and Discoveries, with 7 +<i>Engravings</i>.</p> +<p>ASTRONOMICAL and METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA—35 +articles—6 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> +<p>AGRICULTURE, GARDENING, and RURAL ECONOMY, 106 +<i>Articles</i>.</p> +<p>DOMESTIC ECONOMY 50 <i>Articles</i>.</p> +<p>USEFUL ARTS, 50 <i>Articles</i>.</p> +<p>FINE ARTS.</p> +<p>PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS.</p> +<p>MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER, &c.</p> +<p>"We hope the editor will publish a similar volume +annually."—<i>Gardener's Magazine.</i></p> +<hr /> +<hr class="full" /> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name= +"footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href= +"#footnotetag1">(return)</a> +<p>No. 162, vol. vi., of the MIRROR, contains a fine view of the +Minster. The first religious foundation here by the Christians was +about the year 672. The Minster was burnt down in 1137, and lay in +ruins till the year 1171. The late cathedral was completed about +the year 1370. Appended to our engraving is an accurate historical +and architectural description of the whole fabric.</p> +</blockquote> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name= +"footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href= +"#footnotetag2">(return)</a> +<p>The horn of Ulphus is one of the greatest curiosities in +possession of the church of York. It appears like the hollowed tusk +of an elephant, and the length of its curvature is from 18 to 24 +inches. It is the title deed by which the church of St. Peters +holds lands to a considerable value, given to it before the +Heptarchy by Ulphus, king of Deira and Northumbria. It is said, +that when he presented it to the church, he filled it with wine, +which he drank off to its future success. If the story be true, +Ulphus must have been one of the most strong-headed, as well as one +of the must pious kings of his day; for the draught which he is +alleged to have swallowed would be sufficient to upset the sobriety +of any two men, such as men now are. The horn was preserved by the +successive possessors of St. Peter's with the most careful +affection during all the commotions of the Danish and Norman +invasions; but was stolen from them in the general confusion which +pervaded the city of York after the battle of Marston-moor and it +was delivered up to the Parliamentarian forces under the command of +Lord Fairfax and Cromwell. By some of the accidents of war, it came +into the possession of Lord Fairfax, who is reported to have +purchased it of a common soldier. On the restoration of Charles +II., when church-properly was again secure, his lordship restored +it to the cathedral; and there is now an inscription upon it, +recording the gratitude of the Dean and Chapter for having so +valuable a possession restored them. It has now escaped singularly +enough from the destruction which has fallen upon the other +curiosities which were usually kept in the vestry-room; and +remains, as it has done for years past, to be sounded by all those +strong-winded visiters of the Minster who have strength enough to +blow it.</p> +</blockquote> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name= +"footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a href= +"#footnotetag3">(return)</a> +<p>Shakspeare must have derived from this hint, the similar +transformation in "The Midsummer Night's Dream."</p> +</blockquote> +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + +***** This file should be named 10950-h.htm or 10950-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/9/5/10950/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction + Vol. 13, No. 355., Saturday, February 7, 1829 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: February 5, 2004 [EBook #10950] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + + + + +THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + +VOL 13, No. 355., SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1829. [PRICE 2d.] + + + + +VILLAS IN THE REGENT'S PARK. + + + + +[Illustration: MARQUESS OF HERTFORD'S VILLA.] + +[Illustration: DORIC VILLA.] + + +The definition of the word _villa_ is a country seat; but the reader +will ask, how can a country seat be in the midst of a metropolis, or in +its brick and mortar confines? The term, however, admits of various +modifications. The villas of the Romans resembled large city palaces +removed into the country, and some of them were four times larger than +Versailles with its three thousand apartments. The villas of modern +Rome likewise more resemble palaces than abodes of domestic +convenience; and one of them, the Villa Mondrogone, has more windows +than there are days in the year. Such are the Italian villas, of which +the name conveys as accurate an idea as the English reader acquires +from the French _chateau_, which, in reality, implies a comfortless +factory-looking abode, with a blaze of fresco embellishments. + +The first engraving in the annexed page is the villa, or, we should +rather say, the suburban retreat, of the Marquess of Hertford, designed +by Mr. Decimus Burton. The noble owner, who has enjoyed the peculiar +advantages of travel, and is a man of _vertu_ and fine taste, has +selected a design of beautiful simplicity and chastity of style. The +entrance-hall is protected by a hexastyle (six column) portico of that +singular Athenian order, which embellishes the door of the Tower of the +Winds. The roof is Venetian, with projecting eaves; and the wings are +surmounted by spacious glass lanterns, which light the upper rooms. The +buildings and offices are on a larger scale than any other in the park, +and correspond in style with the opulence of the noble owner. The +offices are spread out, like the villas of the ancients, upon the +ground-floor. Adjoining the front of the villa is a tent-like canopy, +surmounting a spacious apartment, set aside, we believe, for splendid +_dejeune_ entertainments in the summer. This roof may be seen from +several parts of the park. The entrance lodge is particularly chaste, +the gates are in handsome park-like style; and the plantations and +ornamental gardens in equally good taste. The establishment is, as we +have said, the most extensive in the Regent's Park, and is in every +respect in correspondent taste with the beautiful Italian fronted town +residence of the noble marquess, opposite the Green Park, in +Piccadilly; and its luxurious comforts well alternate with the +fashionable hospitalities of Sudborne Hall, the veritable _country +seat_ of this distinguished nobleman. + +The second engraving is another specimen of the Regent's Park villa +style. The order is handsome Doric; but much cannot be said in praise +of its adaptation to a suburban residence. It nevertheless adds the +charm of variety to the buildings that stud and encircle the park, and +intermingle with lawns and bowery walks with more prettiness than rural +character. + + + * * * * * + + +DESTRUCTION OF THE INTERIOR OF YORK MINSTER.[1] + + +On Monday morning last, this magnificent structure was discovered to be +on fire. Soon after the alarm was given, the bells of twenty-three +churches announced the dismal tidings; but for some time the people +looked upon the report as a hoax, and it was not until after the lapse +of an hour that the city was fairly roused to a sense of the impending +calamity. + +On the Sunday evening previous, there was service in the Minster, as +usual, and all appeared to be left safe. A light was, however, observed +in the building, by a man passing through the Minster-yard, about four +o'clock on Monday morning; but he supposed some workmen were employed +there, and passed on without inquiry. Between six and seven o'clock, +the discovery was made in an extraordinary manner. One of the +choristers passing through the Minster-yard, accidentally stepping on a +piece of ice, was thrown on his back, in which position he saw a +quantity of smoke issuing from the roof. + +In a letter dated York, February 2nd, the writer thus hastily describes +the extent of the conflagration:-- + +The first appearance I observed was the issue of an immense volume of +smoke from the junction of the western towers with the nave, a smaller +column from the great tower, and a third column from the roof of the +choir, thus presenting the appearance of the building being on fire in +all parts, whilst a dense smoke filled the interior to such a degree as +to preclude the immediate entrance of the firemen. At length, the +engines were rolled into the august edifice, when a scene beyond all +description presented itself; the interior of the choir enveloped in +flames, reflected upon the beautiful stained glass. The flames soon +burst through the roof of the choir, and in less than an hour the whole +was in a blaze, and the melted lead poured down the spouting. The roof +soon fell in, in about five or six dreadful crashes. Every effort was +made to prevent the flames spreading to the transept and nave, and I +trust with success, for though the engines are now (midnight) still +playing, I do not find that there is any other fire than the remains of +the roof on the floor of the choir. + +[Footnote 1: No. 162, vol. vi., of the MIRROR, contains a fine view of +the Minster. The first religious foundation here by the Christians was +about the year 672. The Minster was burnt down in 1137, and lay in +ruins till the year 1171. The late cathedral was completed about the +year 1370. Appended to our engraving is an accurate historical and +architectural description of the whole fabric.] + +The damage may be summed up thus: The roof of the choir quite gone, the +wood work on each side consumed, the matchless organ entirely +destroyed, many monuments broken, and the communion plate melted. On +the other hand, the east window is entire to the surprise of every one, +the screen is uninjured, although immediately below the organ, the +records in the vestry, the horn of Ulphus,[2] the coronation chair, and +the brass eagle are saved, and the wills in the Prerogative office are +all safely lodged in Belfrey's Church. For some time the city was in +considerable danger; flakes of fire were carried as far as the Lord +Mayor's Walk; providentially there was very little wind. + +[Footnote 2: The horn of Ulphus is one of the greatest curiosities in +possession of the church of York. It appears like the hollowed tusk of +an elephant, and the length of its curvature is from 18 to 24 inches. +It is the title deed by which the church of St. Peters holds lands to a +considerable value, given to it before the Heptarchy by Ulphus, king of +Deira and Northumbria. It is said, that when he presented it to the +church, he filled it with wine, which he drank off to its future +success. If the story be true, Ulphus must have been one of the most +strong-headed, as well as one of the must pious kings of his day; for +the draught which he is alleged to have swallowed would be sufficient +to upset the sobriety of any two men, such as men now are. The horn was +preserved by the successive possessors of St. Peter's with the most +careful affection during all the commotions of the Danish and Norman +invasions; but was stolen from them in the general confusion which +pervaded the city of York after the battle of Marston-moor and it was +delivered up to the Parliamentarian forces under the command of Lord +Fairfax and Cromwell. By some of the accidents of war, it came into the +possession of Lord Fairfax, who is reported to have purchased it of a +common soldier. On the restoration of Charles II., when church-properly +was again secure, his lordship restored it to the cathedral; and there +is now an inscription upon it, recording the gratitude of the Dean and +Chapter for having so valuable a possession restored them. It has now +escaped singularly enough from the destruction which has fallen upon +the other curiosities which were usually kept in the vestry-room; and +remains, as it has done for years past, to be sounded by all those +strong-winded visiters of the Minster who have strength enough to blow +it.] + +From another account we learn that communication with the roof was not +at first apprehended, but the roof of the choir being very dry wood, +soon joined in the conflagration. It is impossible to describe the +awful picture of the flames rising above this majestic building. The +effect produced by the glare of light upon the stained glass of the +windows exceeds description. On the falling of the roof, the house of +prayer, which but the evening before had resounded with the voices of +worshippers, and where all was order and harmony, now resembled a fiery +furnace. The pillars, which once served to divide the choir from the +two side aisles, now stood alone, the whole being an open space, with +the roof burning on the ground, and nothing above but the blue canopy +of heaven. + +Mr. Britton, in his valuable work on York Cathedral, gives a minute +description of that part of the Minster which has been destroyed; from +which the following is extracted:-- + +"After passing through the screen, the visiter is introduced to the +choir, which is grand in scale and rich in adornment. On each side is a +series of 20 stalls, with 12 at the west end, beneath the organ. These +are of oak, and are peculiarly rich in their canopies and carved +decorations. Each seat, or stall, has its movable miserecordia, with +projecting rests for the elbows, from which rise two detached slender +columns, supporting an elaborate canopy. At the eastern end of the +choir is the altar-table, raised above the regular floor by a series of +15 steps. + +"On the north side of the altar, over the grated window that lights the +crypt, is an ancient pew, or gallery, to which there is an ascent by a +flight of narrow stairs, of solid blocks of oak. The exterior of this +gallery is very neat, and it is certainly older than the Reformation. + +"Behind the stalls of the choir are closets, some of which are used as +vestries by the singing-men: modern staircases have been constructed, +leading to the galleries erected above, and which disfigure the view +into the aisles. These closets are fronted, next the aisles, by open +screens of oak, some of which are of excellent carving, and more +elaborate than others. In the centre of the choir stands a desk for the +vicars-choral to chant the litany in; it is enclosed in a pew of carved +wood." + +The Minster was lighted with gas, to which the conflagration was at +first attributed; but the fire appears to have originated in one of the +vestries. When we remember the beauty of the carved work which has thus +been destroyed, and the elaborate skill which had been bestowed on its +execution, our sympathies are deeply awakened for its fate. Indeed, the +most listless admirer of art, as well as the antiquarian devotee, has +just cause to lament this accident; especially as the taste and labours +of our times fall far short of the olden glories of architecture. When +we think of the "unsubstantial pageant" of the recent "Festival," and +associate its fleeting show with the desert remains of this venerable +pile, our feelings deepen into melancholy, and the smoking fragments of +art seem to breathe-- + + Tell thou the lamentable fall of me, + And send the hearers weeping to their beds. + + + * * * * * + + +HARD FROSTS IN ENGLAND. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +In the year +220. Frost lasted 5 months. +250. The Thames frozen 9 weeks. +291. Most rivers frozen 6 weeks. +508. The rivers frozen 2 months. +695. The Thames frozen 6 weeks; booths built on it. +759. Frost from October the 1st, till February 26th, 760. +827. Frost for 9 weeks. +923. The Thames frozen 13 weeks. +987. Frost lasted 120 days. +998. The Thames frozen 5 weeks. +1035. Frost on Midsummer Day so vehement that the + corn and fruits were destroyed. +1063. The Thames frozen for 14 weeks. +1076. Frost from November to April. +1114. Several wooden bridges carried away by the ice. +1407. Frost for 15 weeks. +1434. Thames frozen down to Gravesend; 12 weeks frost. +1683. Frost for 13 weeks. +1739. Frost for 9 weeks. +1788. Frost from November to January +1789, when the Thames was crossed opposite the Customhouse, + the Tower, Execution Dock, Putney, Brentford, &c. It + was general throughout Europe. +1796. Frost the most severe on Dec. 25th + that had ever been felt in the + memory of man. +1814. Severe frost, Thames frozen, and + tremendous falls of snow. + +A French writer who visited England during the severe frost in the year +1688, says, (in a small volume which he published in Paris,) "that +besides hackney-coaches, a large sledge, or sledges, were then +exhibited on the frozen Thames, and that King Charles passed a whole +night upon the ice." + +The following extract is also an account of this frost by an +eye-witness; which may be seen in the _Beauties of England and Wales_, +vol. x. page 83: he says, "On the 20th of December, 1688, a very +violent frost began, which lasted to the 6th of February, in so great +extremity, that the pools were frozen 18 inches thick at least, and the +Thames was so frozen that a great street from the Temple to Southwark +was built with shops, and all manner of things sold. Hackney coaches +plied there as in the streets. There were also bull-baiting, and a +great many shows and tricks to be seen. This day the frost broke up. In +the morning I saw a coach and six horses driven from Whitehall almost +to the bridge (London Bridge) yet by three o'clock that day, February +the 6th, next to Southwark the ice was gone, so as boats did row to and +fro, and the next day all the frost was gone. On Candlemas Day I went +to Croydon market, and led my horse over the ice to the Horseferry from +Westminster to Lambeth; as I came back I led him from Lambeth upon the +middle of the Thames to Whitefriars' stairs, and so led him up by them. +And this day an ox was roasted whole, over against Whitehall. King +Charles and the Queen ate part of it." + +N.B. In 1740, a palace of ice was built by the Empress Anne of Russia, +on the banks of the Neva, 52 feet long, which, when illuminated, had a +surprising effect. + +P. T. W. + + + * * * * * + + +TURKISH PROPHECY. + +(_For the Mirror._) + + +The following is extracted from a book of Prophecies, called Muhamedys, +which is held in veneration by the Turks:--"The Turkish emperor shall +conquer Rome, and make the pope patriarch of Jerusalem; and he shall, +some time after, profess the Mahomedan faith. Christ shall then come, +and show the Christians their error in not having accepted the Alcoran; +and instruct them that the dove which came down from heaven was not the +Holy Ghost, but was Mahomet, who shall be again upon earth thirty +years, and confirm the Alcoran by new miracles. After that time the +power of the Turks shall decline, till they retire into Desert Arabia, +and then there shall be an end of the world. Their overthrow shall be +accomplished by a people from the north, called _caumico fer_, +(yellow-haired sons.) The ruin of Constantinople shall happen in sultan +Mahomet's time; and then the Turks shall be reduced to so few in +number, that sixty Turkish women shall have but one husband among +them." W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS, &c. + +(_Concluded from page 58._) + + +We have formerly alluded to the well-known feats of the weird +sisterhood on the broomstick; but it is affirmed that on these +occasions the spirit left its earthly abode, the body being previously +anointed with the ointment we have described. We cannot better +illustrate this question (the possibility of which has been the +subject-matter of many grave dissertations amongst the literati of +those times) than by giving the substance of the following singular +"Confession," which with many others equally interesting, was made in +1664, (the later days of the profession) before Robert Hunt, Esq., a +"justice with fat capon lined," in the county of Somerset, and in the +presence of "several grave and orthodox divines." + +Elizabeth Styles, of Stoke Triston, in that county, was accused by +"divers persons of credit," of the crimes of witchcraft and sorcery. +She was afterwards found guilty by a jury at Taunton, but died before +the sentence could be carried into effect. She confessed "that the +devil, about ten years since, appeared to her in the shape of a +handsome man, and after of a black dog; that he promised her money, and +that she should live gallantly, and have the pleasure of the world for +twelve years, if she would, with her blood, sign his paper, which was +to give her soul to him, and observe his laws, and that he might suck +her blood. This, after four solicitations, the examinant promised to +do; upon which he pricked the fourth finger of her right hand, between +the middle and upper joints, (where the sign at the examination +remained), and with a drop or two of her blood, she signed the paper +with an O. Upon this the devil gave her sixpence, and vanished +with the paper. That since he hath appeared to her in the shape of a +man, and did so on Wednesday sevennight past, but more usually he +appears in the likeness of a dog, and cat, and a fly like a miller, in +which last he usually sucks in the poll, about four of the clock in the +morning, and did so January 27, and that it usually is pain to her to +be so suckt." When she desired to do harm, she called _Robin_; on his +appearance she opened her wants, saying, _O Satan, give me my purpose._ + +That a short time before, she and other witches had met a "gentleman in +black" in a field, about nine o'clock at night, to devise torments for +one Elizabeth Hill, who had come under their ban; they brought a waxen +image of her, and the "man in black" took and anointed it, saying, _I +baptize thee with this oyl_; and using other words. "He was godfather, +and the examinant and Ann Bishop were godmothers." They called it +Elizabeth; and the black man and weird sisters stuck thorns into +various parts of the luckless image. "After which, they had wine, +cakes, and roast meat, (provided by the gentleman in black,) which they +did eat and drink; and they danced and were very merry," &c. Many of +these unhallowed meetings took place afterwards, and their entertainer, +the gentleman in black--man or devil--seems to have been a regular +_gourmand_, "and never failed to bring with him abundance of excellent +cheer." The customary bill of fare was "wine, good ale, cakes, meat, or +the like." The spirit was, also, rather musical, for he "sometimes +played sweetly on the pipe or cittern," the ladies keeping time with a +dance, (we fear narrowly approaching the modern waltz.) On the whole +they seem to have had joyous doings of it, and wonder ceases that the +demon gained so many proselytes amongst the old women. These nocturnal +meetings were generally held for a similar purpose with the foregoing; +and it appears from the confession before us, that they were conveyed +to them by supernatural means--by that simplest, though despised engine +of loco--(or to coin a a word) aero-motion--a broomstick. They were +obliged to anoint themselves on these occasions "with an oyl the spirit +brought them;" and they were soon transported to the place of +appointment, using these words in their transit, _"Thout, tout, a tout +tout, throughout and about!"_ and on their return they say "Rentum, +tormentum!" Such is the information conveyed in the confession of +Elizabeth Styles, before these "grave and orthodox divines!" + +They were also gifted by the "gentleman in black" with various other +wonderful powers and attributes. They could transform themselves into +the likeness of any animal in the creation, and therefore the better +execute their schemes of devilry; but, it appears, that they always +wanted that essential part--the tail; and there was a trial gravely +reported by a Lancashire jury, that a soldier having been set to watch +a mill from the depredations of some cats, skilfully whipped off the +leg of the largest, which lo! the next morning, was changed into the +arm of an old witch (who had long been suspected) in the neighbourhood! +This useful faculty of transformation also extended, in some measure, +to the persons of others; for Dr. Bulwer gives the following _easy +recipe_ for "setting a horse or ass' head" on a man's neck and +shoulders:[3]--"Cut off the head of a horse or an ass _(before they be +dead, otherwise the virtue or strength thereof will be less +effectual,)_ and take an earthen vessel of a fit capacity to contain +the same. Let it be filled with the oyl or fat thereof; cover it +close, and daub it over with loam. Let it boil over a soft fire for +three dayes, that the flesh boiled may run into oyl, so as the bones +may be seen. Beat the hair into powder, and mingle the same with the +oyl, and _anoint the heads of the standers by, and they shall seem to +have horses or asses' heads!_ If beasts' heads be anointed with the +like oyl made of a man's head, (we suppose cut off while the said man +was 'alive!') they shall seem to have men's faces, as divers authors +soberly affirm!" + +[Footnote 3: Shakspeare must have derived from this hint, the similar +transformation in "The Midsummer Night's Dream."] + +After dwelling on the dark and malignant qualities of witches, it is +but justice to give a few of the charms which, for a small +remuneration, they would bestow for the benefit of those who sought +their assistance in the hour of trouble. These charms were possessed of +various degrees of virtue, _ex. gratiae._ + +_Against the toothache._--Scarify the gums, in the grief, with the +tooth of one that hath been slain. Otherwise, _galbes, gabat, galdes, +galdat_. Otherwise say, "O horsecombs and sickles that have so many +teeth, come heal me of my toothache!" + +These very simple remedies, if popular, would soon send the concocters +of nostrums for the teeth into the Gazette. + +_To release a woman in travail._--Throw over the top of the house where +the woman lieth in travail, a stone, or any other thing that hath +killed three living creatures: namely, a man, a wild boar, and a +she-bear. + +_Against the headache._--Tie a halter round your head wherewith one +hath been hanged. + +_Against the bite of a mad dog._--Put a silver ring on the ringer, +within which the following words are engraven: _hobay, habas, heber_; +and say to the person bitten by a mad dog, "I am thy saviour, lose not +thy life;" and then prick him in the nose thrice, that at each time he +bleed. Otherwise take pills made of the skull of one that is hanged, +&c. + +_To find her that bewitched your kine._--Put a pair of breeches upon +the cow's head, and beat her out of the pasture with a good cudgel, +upon a Friday, and she will run right to the witch's door, and strike +thereat with her horns. + +We are exceeding our limits, else we should have added several other +pithy receipts, almost worthy of her who made the noted one against the +creaking of a door--"rub a bit of soft soap on the hinges." The most +celebrated and precious charm, however, (for the above are mostly +against every-day occurrences) was the _Agnus Dei_, which was a +"preservative against all manner of evil, a perfect catholicon; and +blessed indeed was the individual who possessed a treasure so +valuable." It was "a little cake, having the picture of a lamb carrying +a flag, on the one side, and Christ's head on the other side, and was +hollow; so that the Gospel of St. John, written on fine paper, was +placed in the concavity thereof;" and was a sovereign remedy against +lightning, the effects of heat, drowning, &c. &c. In some of the above +charms there is a little humour to be found; and as we have previously +observed, such are the effects of faith, that like the amulets of the +east (may not our own sprigs of witch-elm, &c. be so called?) they may +have had in many cases the desired effects in averting disease. + +Reginald Scot furnishes us with directions "how to prevent and cure all +mischief wrought by charms or witchcraft." To prevent the entry of a +witch into a house, nail a horse-shoe in the inside of the outermost +threshold. We believe this rule is still in practice. Also it was a +custom in some countries to nail a wolf's head, or a root of garlic, +over the door, or on the roof of a house. And our Saviour's name, &c. +with four crosses at the four corners of a house, was a protection. The +Romish custom of driving out evil spirits by the smoke of sulphur, is +well known. "Otherwise the perfume made of the gall of a black dog, and +his bloode besmeared on the posts and walls of a house, driveth out of +the doores, both devils and witches." A sprig of witch-elm sewn in the +collar of the doublet, was celebrated amongst our great grandmothers as +a specific against the malignant deeds of the weird sisterhood. + +But we must draw this article to a close. We may well rejoice that we +live in the nineteenth century; and that the disgusting infatuation and +baleful doctrines of witchcraft are gone for ever. + +VYVYAN. + + + + * * * * * + + + +FINE ARTS + + + * * * * * + + +DESCRIPTION OF THE KING'S PALACE, + +_By Mr. Nash, the Architect._ + + +The grand entrance in front, which is to be reserved for the especial +use of his Majesty and the Royal Family, will be composed of white +marble, and will be a faithful model of the arch of Constantine, at +Rome, with the exception of the equestrian figure of his Majesty George +IV. on the top. The workmanship of this arch is expected to rival any +thing of the sort in the kingdom, and to equal the finest works of +antiquity. From each side of the arch a semicircular railing will +extend to the wings, executed in the most beautiful style, in +cast-iron, and surmounted by tips or ornamental spears of mosaic gold. +The area, within, will consist of a grass-plat, in the centre of which +will be an ornamental fountain, and the whole will be bounded by a +graveled road. + +The wing on the left will comprise his Majesty's chapel, the kitchen, +and other offices; and that on the tight, his Majesty's private suite +of apartments. The entrance to the former is from the back, near to +where Buckingham-gate formerly stood, and it is by this door that the +visiters to the palace on gala days will be admitted. Passing through +the building, they will enter a spacious colonnade, which extends along +the front of the body of the palace, and in front of each wing; above +the colonnade is a magnificent balcony, supported by columns of the +Doric order. At the end of each wing is a pediment, supported by +Corinthian columns. The entablature of each pediment is tastefully +filled up with groups of figures in white marble, exquisitely carved in +_alto relievo_, illustrative of the arts and sciences. On the extreme +points of the wing on the left, are fixed statues representing History, +Geography, and Astronomy; and on those of the right wing, Painting, +Music, and Architecture. On the entablature of the pediment, in front +of the main body of the palace, it is intended to place the Arms of +England; and on the top are placed Neptune, with Commerce on one side, +and Navigation on the other. Around the entire building, and above the +windows, is a delicately worked frieze, combining in a scroll the Rose, +the Shamrock, and the Thistle. + +The entrance-hall is about thirty-three feet in height. The pavement is +of white marble slightly veined with blue. The entire hall is bordered +with a scroll of Sienna or yellow, centred with rosettes of +puce-coloured marble, inlaid in the most masterly style of workmanship. +The walls are of Scagliola, and the ceiling is supported by a +succession of white marble pillars. From the hall are the avenues +leading to the state apartments--drawing-rooms, dining-rooms, +throne-room, statue-gallery, picture-gallery, &c. + + + + * * * * * + + + +THE ANECDOTE GALLERY. + + + * * * * * + + +WINDSOR AS IT WAS. + + +The last Number of the _London Magazine_ contains an article of +considerable graphic interest, under the above title. It is written by +one "born within a stone's throw of the castle," and, _ni fallor_, by +the author of the picturesque description of Virginia Water, in the +Magazine for September, last. As the whole article is much too long for +our space, we have abridged it, taking care to retain the most +characteristic portion of the writer's very pleasing reminiscences:-- + +My earliest recollections of Windsor are exceedingly delightful. I was +born within a stone's throw of the Castle-gates; and my whole boyhood +was passed in the most unrestrained enjoyment of the venerable and +beautiful objects by which I was surrounded, as if they had been my own +peculiar and proper inheritance. The king and his family lived in a +plain, barrack-looking lodge at his castle foot, which, in its external +appearance and its interior arrangements, exactly corresponded with the +humble taste and the quiet, domestic habits of George III. The whole +range of the castle, its terrace, and its park, were places dedicated +to the especial pleasures of a school-boy. + +The Park! what a glory was that for cricket and kite-flying. No one +molested us. The beautiful plain immediately under the eastern terrace +was called the Bowling Green;--and, truly, it was as level as the +smoothest of those appendages to suburban inns. We took excellent care +that the grass should not grow too fast beneath our feet. No one +molested us. The king, indeed, would sometimes stand alone for half an +hour to see the boys at cricket; and heartily would he laugh when the +wicket of some confident urchin went down at the first ball. But we did +not heed his majesty. He was a quiet, good-humoured gentleman, in a +long blue coat, whose face was as familiar to us as that of our +writing-master; and many a time had that gracious gentleman bidden us +good morning, when we were hunting for mushrooms in the early dew, and +had crossed his path as he was returning from his dairy, to his eight +o'clock breakfast. Every one knew that most respectable and amiable of +country squires, called His Majesty; and truly there was no inequality +in the matter, for his majesty knew every one. + +I have now no recollection of having, when a child, seen the king with +any of the appendages of royalty, except when he went to town, once a +week, to hold a levee; and then ten dragoons rode before, and ten after +his carriage, and the tradesmen in the streets through which he passed +duly stood at their doors, to make the most profound reverences, as in +duty bound, when their monarch looked "every inch a king." But the bows +were less profound, and the wonderment none at all, when twice a week, +as was his wont during the summer months, his majesty, with all his +family, and a considerable bevy of ancient maids of honour and half-pay +generals, walked through the town, or rode at a slow pace in an open +carriage, to the Windsor theatre, which was then in the High-street. +Reader, it is impossible that you can form an idea of the smallness of +that theatre; unless you have by chance lived in a country town, when +the assembly-room of the head inn has been fitted up with the aid of +brown paper and ochre, for the exhibition of some heroes of the sock +and buskin, vulgarly called strollers. At the old Windsor Theatre, her +majesty's apothecary in the lower boxes might have almost felt her +pulse across the pit. My knowledge of the drama commenced at the early +age of seven years, amidst this royal fellowship in fun; and most +loyally did I laugh when his majesty, leaning back in his capacious +arm-chair in the stage-box, shook the house with his genuine peals of +hearty merriment. Well do I remember the whole course of these royal +play-goings. The theatre was of an inconvenient form, with very sharp +angles at the junctions of the centre with the sides. The stage-box, +and the whole of the left or O.P. side of the lower tier, were +appropriated to royalty. The house would fill at about half-past six. +At seven, precisely, Mr. Thornton, the manager, made his entrance +backwards, through a little door, into the stage-box, with a plated +candlestick in each hand, bowing with all the grace that his gout would +permit. The six fiddles struck up God save the King; the audience rose; +the king nodded round and took his seat next the stage; the queen +curtsied, and took her arm-chair also. The satin bills of their +majesties and the princesses were then duly displayed--and the dingy +green curtain drew up. The performances were invariably either a comedy +and farce, or more frequently three farces, with a plentiful +interlarding of comic songs. Quick, Suett, and Mrs. Mattocks were the +reigning favourites; and, about 1800, Elliston and Fawcett became +occasional stars. But Quick and Suett were the king's especial delight. +When Lovegold, in the "Miser," drawled out "a pin a day's a groat a +year," the laugh of the royal circle was somewhat loud; but when Dicky +Gossip exhibited in his vocation, and accompanied the burden of his +song, "Dicky Gossip, Dicky Gossip is the man," with the blasts of his +powder-puff, the cachinnation was loud and long, and the gods prolonged +the chorus of laughter, till the echo died away in the royal box. At +the end of the third act, coffee was handed round to the court circle; +and precisely at eleven the performances finished,--and the flambeaux +gleamed through the dimly-lighted streets of Windsor, as the happy +family returned to their tranquil home. + +There was occasionally a good deal of merriment going forward at +Windsor in these olden days. I have a dim recollection of having danced +in the little garden which was once the moat of the Round Tower, and +which Washington Irving has been pleased to imagine existed in the time +of James I. of Scotland. I have a perfect remembrance of a fete at +Frogmore, about the beginning of the present century, where there was a +Dutch fair,--and haymaking very agreeably performed in white kid gloves +by the belles of the town,--and the buck-basket scene of the "Merry +Wives of Windsor" represented by Fawcett and Mrs. Mattocks, and I think +Mrs. Gibbs, under the colonnade of the house in the open day--and +variegated lamps--and transparencies--and tea served out in tents, with +a magnificent scramble for the bread and butter. There was great good +humour and freedom on all these occasions; and if the grass was damp +and the young ladies caught cold, and the sandwiches were scarce, and +the gentlemen went home hungry--I am sure these little drawbacks were +not to be imputed to the royal entertainers, who delighted to see their +neighbours and dependants happy and joyous. + +A few years passed over my head, and the scene was somewhat changed. +The king and his family migrated from their little lodge into the old +and spacious castle. This was about 1804. The lath and plaster of Sir +William Chambers was abandoned to the equerries and chance visiters of +the court; and the low rooms and dark passages that had scarcely been +tenanted since the days of Anne, were made tolerably habitable by the +aid of diligent upholstery. Upon the whole, the change was not one +which conduced to comfort; and I have heard that the princesses wept +when they quitted their snug boudoirs in the Queen's Lodge. Windsor +Castle, as it was, was a sad patchwork affair. + +The late king and his family had lived at Windsor nearly thirty years, +before it occurred to him to inhabit his own castle. The period at +which he took possession was one of extraordinary excitement. It was +the period of the threatened invasion of England by Napoleon, when, as +was the case with France, upon the manifesto of the Duke of Brunswick, +"the land bristled." + +The doings at Windsor were certainly more than commonly interesting at +that period; and I was just of an age to understand something of their +meaning, and partake the excitement. Sunday was especially a glorious +day; and the description of one Sunday will furnish an adequate picture +of these of two or three years. + +At nine o'clock the sound of martial music was heard in the streets. +The Blues and the Stafford Militia then did duty at Windsor; and though +the one had seen no service since Minden, and most undeservedly bore +the stigma of a past generation; and the other was composed of men who +had never faced any danger but the ignition of a coal-pit;--they were +each a remarkably fine body of soldiers, and the king did well to +countenance them. Of the former regiment George III. had a troop of his +own, and he delighted to wear the regimentals of a captain of the +Blues; and well did his burly form become the cocked hat and heavy +jack-boots which were the fashion of that fine corps in 1805. At nine +o'clock, as I have said, of a Sunday morning, the noise of trumpet and +of drum was heard in the streets of Windsor; for the regiments paraded +in the castle quadrangle. The troops occupied the whole square. At +about ten the king appeared with his family. He passed round the lines, +while the salute was performed; and many a rapid word of inquiry had he +to offer to the colonels who accompanied him. Not always did he wait +for an answer--but that was after the fashion of royalty in general. He +passed onwards towards St. George's Chapel. But the military pomp did +not end in what is called the upper quadrangle. In the lower ward, at a +very humble distance from the regular troops, were drawn up a splendid +body of men, ycleped the Windsor Volunteers; and most gracious were the +nods of royalty to the well-known drapers, and hatters, and +booksellers, who had the honour to hold commissions in that +distinguished regiment. The salutations, however, were short, and +onwards went the cortege, for the chapel bell was tolling in, and the +king was always punctual. + +Great was the crowd to see the king and his family return from chapel; +for by this time London had poured forth its chaises and one, and the +astonished inmates of Cheapside and St. Mary Axe were elbowing each +other to see how a monarch smiled. They saw him well; and often have I +heard the disappointed exclamation, "Is _that_ the king?" They saw a +portly man, in a plain suit of regimentals, and no crown upon his +head. What a fearful falling off from the king of the story-books! + +The terrace, however, was the great Sunday attraction; and though +Bishop Porteus remonstrated with his majesty for suffering people to +crowd together, and bands to play on these occasions, I cannot think +that the good-tempered monarch committed any mortal sin in walking +amongst his people in their holiday attire. This terrace was a motley +scene. + + The peasant's toe did gall the courtier's gibe. + +The barber from Eton and his seven daughters elbowed the dean who +rented his back parlour, when he was in the sixth form,--and who now +was crowding to the front rank for a smile of majesty, having heard +that the Bishop of Chester was seriously indisposed. The prime minister +waited quietly amidst the crush, till the royal party should descend +from their dining-room,--smiling at, if not unheeding, the anxious +inquiries of the stock-broker from Change Alley, who wondered if Mr. +Pitt would carry a gold stick before the king. The only time I saw that +minister was under these circumstances. It was the year before he died. +He stood firmly and proudly amongst the crowd for some half-hour till +the king should arrive. The monarch, of course, immediately recognised +him; the contrast in the demeanour of the two personages made a +remarkable impression upon me--and that of the minister first showed me +an example of the perfect self-possession of men of great abilities. + +After a year or two of this soil of excitement the king became blind; +and painful was the exhibition of the led horse of the good old man, as +he took his accustomed ride. In a few more years a still heavier +calamity fell upon him--and from that time Windsor Castle became, +comparatively, a mournful place. The terrace was shut up--the ancient +pathway through the park, and under the castle walls, was diverted--and +a somewhat Asiatic state and stillness seemed to usurp the reign of the +old free and familiar intercourse of the sovereign with the people. + + + + * * * * * + + + +NOTES OF A READER. + + + * * * * * + + +NAVARINO. + + +Towards the close of the battle of Navarino, one of our midshipmen, a +promising youth of about fourteen, was struck by a cannon-shot, which +carried off both his legs, and his right-hand, with which the poor +fellow had been grasping his cutlass at that moment. He lay in the +gun-room, as nothing could be done for him; and I was informed by one +of the men, that he repeatedly named his mother in a piteous tone, but +soon after rallied a little, and began to inquire eagerly how the +action was going on, and if any more Turkish ships had struck. He +lingered in great agony for about twenty minutes.--From a spirited +description in No. 2, _United Service Journal_, intended for abridgment +probably in our next. + + + * * * * * + + +FRENCH THEATRES. + +The revenue of the thirteen theatres of Paris during last year, +amounted to the great sum of L233,561 sterling; that of the two +establishments for the performance of the _regular drama_ amounting +only to L26,600, or not more than a tithe of the whole. + + + * * * * * + + +ROUSSEAU. + +A mask taken upon the face of Jean Jacques Rousseau after death, +recently fetched, at the sale of the late M. Houdon, 500 francs. The +purchaser has since refused an offer of 15,000 francs for it. + + + * * * * * + + +BRUSSELS + +May be said to be next to Paris, the largest English colony on the +continent; and that there are not fewer at this moment than six +thousand English residents there. This is not at all surprising. +Cheapness of living, of education, of amusements--a mild government and +agreeable society--the abundance of all the necessaries of life, of +fine fruits and vegetables in particular, are temptations; though we +pity those who have not the virtue to resist them. + + + * * * * * + + +WRITING FOR THE STAGE. + +Is it not extraordinary that the manager of a theatre is the only +purveyor who does not know the value of his wares? A bookseller will, +if he approves of a work, pay a certain sum for the copyright, and risk +an additional sum in the publication, at the hazard of losing by the +fiat of a very capricious public, the reading public. But the writer of +a drama must make up his mind to stake the labour of months on the +fortune of a single night. _New Monthly Mag._ + + + * * * * * + + +EXPEDITIONS OF DISCOVERY. + +Narratives of these important and interesting enterprizes multiply so +fast, that we are happy to announce, as preparing for publication, a +series of abstracts of the most recent _Voyages and Overland Journeys_. +They will be printed in an economical volume adapted to all classes of +purchasers, and will contain all the new facts in nautical and +geographical science; details of the _Natural History_ of the +respective countries, the manners and customs of the natives, +&c.--Fernando Po, Timbuctoo, Clapperton's African adventures, and Capt. +Dillon's discoveries relative to the fate of La Perouse, will, of +course, form prominent portions of this work, the popular title of +which will be, "_The Cabinet of Recent Voyages and Travels_." + + + * * * * * + + +BEEF-EATING. + +A facetious gourmand used to say, that he had eaten so much beef for +the last six months, that he was ashamed to look a bullock in the +face.--_Twelve Years' Military Adventures._ + + + * * * * * + + +THE SABBATH. + +If we believe in the divine origin of the commandment, the Sabbath is +instituted for the express purposes of religion. The time set apart is +the "Sabbath of the Lord;" a day on which we are not to work our own +works, or think our own thoughts. The precept is positive, and the +purpose clear. He who has to accomplish his own salvation, must not +carry to tennis courts and skittle grounds the train of reflections +which ought necessarily to be excited by a serious discourse of +religion. The religious part of the Sunday's exercise is not to be +considered as a bitter medicine, the taste of which is as soon as +possible to be removed by a bit of sugar. On the contrary, our +demeanour through the rest of the day ought to be, not sullen +certainly, or morose, but serious and tending to instruction. Give to +the world one half of the Sunday, and you will find that religion has +no strong hold of the other. Pass the morning at church, and the +evening, according to your taste or rank, in the cricket-field, or at +the Opera, and you will soon find thoughts of the evening hazards and +bets intrude themselves on the sermon, and that recollections of the +popular melodies interfere with the psalms. Religion is thus treated +like Lear, to whom his ungrateful daughters first denied one half of +his stipulated attendance, and then made it a question whether they +should grant him any share of what remained.--_Quart. Review._ + + + * * * * * + + +POCKET BOOKS. + +Among the works under this denomination for 1829, we notice two, which +from their almost indispensible utility, deserve the name of _Hardy +Annuals_. The first is _Adcock's Engineers' Pocket Book_, and contains +tables of British weights and measures, multiplication and division +obtained by inspection, tables of squares and cubes and square and +cube roots, and mensuration; tables of the areas and circumferences of +circles, &c.; the mechanical powers, animal strength, mills and +steam-engines, treatises on hydraulics, pneumatics, heat, &c., and on +the strength and heat of materials. To these are superadded the usual +contents of a pocket book, so as to render the present volume a +desirable vade-mecum for the operative, the manufacturer, and engineer. + +One of Mr. Adcock's most popular illustrations will not be +uninteresting to the reader:-- + +_"Force of Gunpowder."_--"If we calculate the quantity of motion +produced by gunpowder, we shall find that this agent, though extremely +convenient, is far more expensive than human labour; but the advantage +of gunpowder consists in the great rarity of the active substance; a +spring or a bow can only act with a moderate velocity on account of its +own weight; the air of the atmosphere, however compressed, could not +flow into a vacuum with a velocity so great as 1,500 feet in a second; +hydrogen gas might move more rapidly; but the elastic substance +produced by gunpowder is capable of propelling a very heavy cannon ball +with a much greater velocity." + +Of an opposite character, but equally useful, and more attractive for +the general reader, is the second,--_The Spoilsman's Pocket Book_, by a +brother of the author of the preceding. Here are the usual pocket-book +contents, and the laws, &c. of British sports and pastimes--as +shooting, angling, hunting, coursing, racing, cricket, and _skating_: +from the latter we subjoin a hint for the benefit of the _Serpentine +Mercuries_; which proves the adage _ex liguo non fit Mercurius_:-- + +"Care should be taken that the muscular movements of the whole body +correspond with the movements of the skates, and that it be regulated +so as to be almost imperceptible to the spectators; for nothing so much +diminishes the grace and elegance of skating as sudden jerks and +exertions. The attitude of drawing the bow and arrow, whilst the skater +is forming a large circle on the outside, is very beautiful, and some +persons, in skating, excel in manual exercises and military salutes." + +The whole series of pocket books by the Messrs. Adcocks, extend, we +believe, to eight, adapted for all descriptions of _industriels_, as +well as for the less occupied, who are not "the architects of their own +fortunes." + + * * * * * + +Dr. Parr was the last learned schoolmaster who was professedly an +amateur of the rod; and in that profession there was more of humour +and affectation than of reality, for with all his habitual affectation +and his occasional brutality, Parr was a good-natured, generous, +warm-hearted man; there was a coarse husk and a hard shell, like the +cocoa-nut, but the core was filled with the milk of human +kindness.--_Quarterly Review._ + + + * * * * * + + +CRANIOLOGY. + +On a celebrated craniologist visiting the _studio_ of a celebrated +sculptor in London, his attention was drawn to a bust with a remarkable +depth of skull from the forehead to the occiput. "What a noble head," +he exclaimed, "is that! full seven inches! What superior powers of mind +must he be endowed with, who possesses such a head as is here +represented!" "Why, yes," says the blunt artist, "he certainly was a +very extraordinary man--that is the bust of my early friend and first +patron, John Horne Tooke." "Ay," answers the craniologist, "you see +there is something after all in our science, notwithstanding the scoffs +of many of your countrymen." "Certainly," says the sculptor; "but here +is another bust, with a greater depth and a still more capacious +forehead." "Bless me!" exclaims the craniologist, taking out his rule, +"eight inches! who can this be? this is indeed a head--in this there +can be no mistake; what depth of intellect, what profundity of thought, +must reside in that skull! this I am sure must belong to some +extraordinary and well-known character." "Why, yes," says the sculptor, +"he is pretty well known--it is the head of Lord Pomfret." + + + * * * * * + + +PRYNNE. + +Anthony A'Wood has informed us that when Prynne studied, "his custom +was to put on a long quilted cap, which came an inch over his eyes, +serving as an umbrella to defend them from too much light, and seldom +eating any dinner. He would be every three hours munching a roll of +bread, and now and then refresh his exhausted spirits with ale." + + + * * * * * + + +GERMAN STUDENTS. + +The German students are a set of young men who certainly pursue their +studies with zeal, but who nevertheless are more brutal in conduct, +more insolent in manner, more slovenly and ruffian-like in appearance, +and more offensive from the fumes of tobacco and beer, onions and +sourcrout, in which they are enveloped, than are to be met with in any +other part of Europe. In a small town of a small state a German +university is a horrible nuisance; and how the elegant court of Weimar, +in particular, can tolerate the existence of one within an hour's ride +of its palace, where we have seen ragamuffins fighting with +broad-swords in the market-place, moves "our special wonder." To the +university of Bonn is attached a rich collection of subjects in natural +history, and a botanical garden; and such is its success, from the +celebrity of its professors, among whom is numbered the illustrious +William Schlegel, that, Dr. Granville states, "there are at this time +about one thousand and twenty students who, for twenty pounds in +university and professors' fees, and forty more for living, get a +first-rate education." The climate and the situation on the banks of +the Rhine are most inviting; and a beautiful avenue of chestnut trees, +nearly a mile in length, joins the castle of Popplesdorf, which +contains the cabinets of natural history, with the university. + + + * * * * * + + +GREAT SEAL OF ENGLAND. + +The Great Seal itself, when not in the king's own custody, was +entrusted to the "Chancellor," whose salary, as fixed by Henry I., +amounted to five shillings per diem, besides a "livery" of provisions. +And the allowance of one pint and a half, or perhaps a quart of claret, +one "gross wax-light," and forty candle-ends, to enable the Chancellor +to carry on his housekeeping, may be considered as a curious +exemplification of primitive temperance and economy.--_Quarterly Rev._ + + * * * * * + +The good people of Weimar appear to be most enthusiastic lovers of +music, affording strong proofs of melomania. Every householder of any +importance subscribes an annual sum to a band of musicians, who go +round in long cloaks to each house, singing fugas and canons, +unaccompanied by instruments, in "the most beautiful and correct style +imaginable,"--something, we suppose, in the style of the Tyrolese +minstrels.--_Ibid._ + + + * * * * * + + +TRAVELLING. + +A friend of ours recently went to Russia by steam, and actually +breakfasted in Moscow the thirteenth morning after he left London. +There is now, he says, a road as good as that to Brighton over three +parts of the distance between St. Petersburg and Moscow--what a change +from 1812!--_Ibid._ + + + + * * * * * + + + +SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS + + + * * * * * + + +THE MURDER HOLE. + +_An Ancient Legend._ + + "Ah, frantic Fear! + I see, I see thee near; + I know thy hurried step, thy haggard eye! + Like thee I start, like thee disorder'd fly! + +COLLINS. + + +In a remote district of country belonging to Lord Cassillis, between +Ayrshire and Galloway, about three hundred years ago, a moor of +apparently boundless extent stretched several miles along the road, and +wearied the eye of the traveller by the sameness and desolation of its +appearance; not a tree varied the prospect--not a shrub enlivened the +eye by its freshness--nor a native flower bloomed to adorn this +ungenial soil. One "lonesome desert" reached the horizon on every side, +with nothing to mark that any mortal had ever visited the scene before, +except a few rude huts that were scattered near its centre; and a road, +or rather pathway, for those whom business or necessity obliged to pass +in that direction. At length, deserted as this wild region had always +been, it became still more gloomy. Strange rumours arose, that the path +of unwary travellers had been beset on this "blasted heath," and that +treachery and murder had intercepted the solitary stranger as he +traversed its dreary extent. When several persons, who were known to +have passed that way, mysteriously disappeared, the inquiries of their +relatives led to a strict and anxious investigation; but though the +officers of justice were sent to scour the country, and examine the +inhabitants, not a trace could be obtained of the persons in question, +nor of any place of concealment which could be a refuge for the lawless +or desperate to horde in. Yet, as inquiry became stricter, and the +disappearance of individuals more frequent, the simple inhabitants of +the neighbouring hamlet were agitated by the most fearful +apprehensions. Some declared that the deathlike stillness of the night +was often interrupted by sudden and preternatural cries of more than +mortal anguish, which seemed to arise in the distance; and a shepherd +one evening, who had lost his way on the moor, declared he had +approached three mysterious figures, who seemed struggling against each +other with supernatural energy, till at length one of them, with a +frightful scream, suddenly sunk into the earth. + +Gradually the inhabitants deserted their dwellings on the heath, and +settled in distant quarters, till at length but one of the cottages +continued to be inhabited by an old woman and her two sons, who loudly +lamented that poverty chained them to this solitary and mysterious +spot. Travellers who frequented this road now generally did so in +groups to protect each other; and if night overtook them, they usually +stopped at the humble cottage of the old woman and her sons, where +cleanliness compensated for the want of luxury, and where, over a +blazing fire of peat, the bolder spirits smiled at the imaginary +terrors of the road, and the more timid trembled as they listened to +the tales of terror and affright with which their hosts entertained +them. + +One gloomy and tempestuous night in November, a pedlar-boy hastily +traversed the moor. Terrified to find himself involved in darkness +amidst its boundless wastes, a thousand frightful traditions, connected +with this dreary scene, darted across his mind--every blast, as it +swept in hollow gusts over the heath, seemed to teem with the sighs of +departed spirits--and the birds, as they winged their way above his +head, appeared, with loud and shrill cries, to warn him of approaching +dagger. The whistle with which he usually beguiled his weary pilgrimage +died away into silence, and he groped along with trembling and +uncertain steps, which sounded too loudly in his ears. The promise of +Scripture occurred to his memory, and revived his courage. "I will be +unto thee as a rock in the desert, and as an hiding-place in the +storm." _Surely_, thought he, _though alone, I am not forsaken;_ and a +prayer for assistance hovered on his lips. + +A light now glimmered in the distance which would lead him, he +conjectured, to the cottage of the old woman; and towards that he +eagerly bent his way, remembering as he hastened along, that when he +had visited it the year before, it was in company with a large party of +travellers, who had beguiled the evening with those tales of mystery +which had so lately filled his brain with images of terror. He +recollected, too, how anxiously the old woman and her sons had +endeavoured to detain him when the other travellers were departing; and +now, therefore, he confidently anticipated a cordial and cheering +reception. His first call for admission obtained no visible marks of +attention, but instantly the greatest noise and confusion prevailed +within the cottage. They think it is one of the supernatural visitants +of whom the old lady talks so much, thought the boy, approaching a +window, where the light within showed him all the inhabitants at their +several occupations; the old woman was hastily scrubbing the stone +floor, and strewing it thickly over with sand, while her two sons +seemed with equal haste to be thrusting something large and heavy into +an immense chest, which they carefully locked. The boy in a frolicsome +mood, thoughtlessly tapped at the window, when they all instantly +started up with consternation so strongly depicted on their +countenances, that he shrunk back involuntarily with an undefined +feeling of apprehension; but before he had time to reflect a moment +longer, one of the men suddenly darted out at the door, and seizing the +boy roughly by the shoulder, dragged him violently into the cottage. "I +am not what you take me for," said the boy, attempting to laugh, "but +only the poor pedlar who visited you last year."--"Are you _alone?_" +inquired the old woman, in a harsh, deep tone, which made his heart +thrill with apprehension. "Yes," said the boy, "I am alone _here_; and +alas!" he added, with a burst of uncontrollable feeling, "I am alone in +the wide world also! Not a person exists who would assist me in +distress, or shed a single tear if I died this very night." "_Then_ you +are welcome!" said one of the men with a sneer, while he cast a glance +of peculiar expression at the other inhabitants of the cottage. + +It was with a shiver of apprehension, rather than of cold, that the boy +drew towards the fire, and the looks which the old woman and her sons +exchanged, made him wish that he had preferred the shelter of any one +of the roofless cottages which were scattered near, rather than trust +himself among persons of such dubious aspect. Dreadful surmises flitted +across his brain; and terrors which he could neither combat nor examine +imperceptibly stole into his mind; but alone, and beyond the reach of +assistance, he resolved to smother his suspicions, or at least not +increase the danger by revealing them. The room to which he retired for +the night had a confused and desolate aspect; the curtains seemed to +have been violently torn down from the bed, and still hung in tatters +around it--the table seemed to have been broken by some violent +concussion, and the fragments of various pieces of furniture lay +scattered upon the floor. The boy begged that a light might burn in his +apartment till he was asleep, and anxiously examined the fastenings of +the door; but they seemed to have been wrenched asunder on some former +occasion, and were still left rusty and broken. + +It was long ere the pedlar attempted to compose his agitated nerves to +rest; but at length his senses began to "steep themselves in +forgetfulness," though his imagination remained painfully active, and +presented new scenes of terror to his mind, with all the vividness of +reality. He fancied himself again wandering on the heath, which +appeared to be peopled with spectres, who all beckoned to him not to +enter the cottage, and as he approached it, they vanished with a hollow +and despairing cry. The scene then changed, and he found himself again +seated by the fire, where the countenances of the men scowled upon him +with the most terrifying malignity, and he thought the old woman +suddenly seized him by the arms, and pinioned them to his side. +Suddenly the boy was startled from these agitated slumbers, by what +sounded to him like a cry of distress; he was broad awake in a moment, +and sat up in bed,--but the noise was not repeated, and he endeavoured +to persuade himself it had only been a continuation of the fearful +images which had disturbed his rest; when, on glancing at the door, he +observed underneath it a broad, red stream of blood silently stealing +its course along the floor. Frantic with alarm, it was but the work of +a moment to spring from his bed, and rush to the door, through a chink +of which, his eye nearly dimmed with affright he could watch +unsuspected whatever might be done in the adjoining room. + +His fear vanished instantly when he perceived that it was only a _goat_ +that they had been slaughtering; and he was about to steal into his bed +again, ashamed of his groundless apprehensions, when his ear was +arrested by a conversation which transfixed him aghast with terror to +the spot. + +"This is an easier job than you had yesterday," said the man who held +the goat. "I wish all the throats we've cut were as easily and quietly +done. Did you ever hear such a noise as the old gentleman made last +night! It was well we had no neighbour within a dozen of miles, or they +must have heard his cries for help and mercy." + +"Don't speak of it," replied the other; "I was never fond of +bloodshed," + +"Ha, ha!" said the other with a sneer, "you say so, do you?" + +"I do," answered the first, gloomily; "the Murder Hole is the thing for +me--_that_ tells no tales--a single scuffle--a single plunge--and the +fellow's dead and buried to your hand in a moment. I would defy all the +officers in Christendom to discover any mischief _there_." + +"Ay, Nature did us a good turn when she contrived such a place as that. +Who that saw a hole in the heath, filled with clear water, and so +small that the long grass meets over the top of it, would suppose that +the depth is unfathomable, and that it conceals more than forty people +who have met their deaths there! it sucks them in like a leech!" + +"How do you mean to dispatch the lad in the next room?" asked the old +woman in an under tone. The elder son made her a sign to be silent, and +pointed towards the door where their trembling auditor was concealed; +while the other, with an expression of brutal ferocity, passed his +bloody knife across his throat. + +The pedlar boy possessed a bold and daring spirit, which was now roused +to desperation; but in any open resistance the odds were so completely +against him, that flight seemed his best resource. He gently stole to +the window, and having by one desperate effort broken the rusty bolt by +which the casement had been fastened, he let himself down without noise +or difficulty. This betokens good, thought he, pausing an instant in +dreadful hesitation what direction to take. This momentary deliberation +was fearfully interrupted by the hoarse voice of the men calling +aloud, "_The boy has fled--let loose the bloodhound!_" These words +sunk like a death-knell on his heart, for escape appeared now +impossible, and his nerves seemed to melt away like wax in a furnace. +Shall I perish without a struggle! thought he, rousing himself to +exertion, and, helpless and terrified as a hare pursued by its ruthless +hunters, he fled across the heath. Soon the baying of the bloodhound +broke the stillness of the night, and the voice of its masters sounded +through the moor, as they endeavoured to accelerate its speed,--panting +and breathless the boy pursued his hopeless career, but every moment +his pursuers seemed to gain upon his failing steps. The hound was +unimpeded by the darkness which was to him so impenetrable, and its +noise rung louder and deeper on his ear--while the lanterns which were +carried by the men gleamed near and distinct upon his vision. + +At his fullest speed, the terrified boy fell with violence over a heap +of stones, and having nothing on but his shirt, he was severely cut in +every limb. With one wild cry to Heaven for assistance, he continued +prostrate on the earth, bleeding, and nearly insensible. The hoarse +voices of the men, and the still louder baying of the dog, were now so +near, that instant destruction seemed inevitable,--already he felt +himself in their fangs, and the bloody knife of the assassin appeared +to gleam before his eyes,--despair renewed his energy, and once more, +in an agony of affright that seemed verging towards madness, he rushed +forward so rapidly that terror seemed to have given wings to his feet. +A loud cry near the spot he had left arose on his ears without +suspending his flight. The hound had stopped at the place where the +Pedlar's wounds bled so profusely, and deeming the chase now over, it +lay down there, and could not be induced to proceed; in vain the men +beat it with frantic violence, and tried again to put the hound on the +scent,--the sight of blood had satisfied the animal that its work was +done, and with dogged resolution it resisted every inducement to pursue +the same scent a second time. The pedlar boy in the meantime paused not +in his flight till morning dawned--and still as he fled, the noise of +steps seemed to pursue him, and the cry of his assassins still sounded +in the distance. Ten miles off he reached a village, and spread instant +alarm throughout the neighbourhood--the inhabitants were aroused with +one accord into a tumult of indignation--several of them had lost sons, +brothers, or friends on the heath, and all united in proceeding +instantly to seize the old woman and her sons, who were nearly torn to +pieces by their violence. Three gibbets were immediately raised on the +moor, and the wretched culprits confessed before their execution to the +destruction of nearly fifty victims in the Murder Hole which they +pointed out, and near which they suffered the penalty of their crimes. +The bones of several murdered persons were with difficulty brought up +from the abyss into which they had been thrust; but so narrow is the +aperture, and so extraordinary the depth, that all who see it are +inclined to coincide in the tradition of the country people that it is +unfathomable. The scene of these events still continues nearly as it +was 300 years ago. The remains of the old cottage, with its blackened +walls (haunted of course by a thousand evil spirits,) and the extensive +moor, on which a more modern _inn_ (if it can be dignified with such an +epithet) resembles its predecessor in every thing but the character of +its inhabitants; the landlord is deformed, but possesses extraordinary +genius; he has himself manufactured a violin, on which he plays with +untaught skill,--and if any _discord_ be heard in the house, or any +_murder_ committed in it, this is his only instrument. His daughter +(who has never travelled beyond the heath) has inherited her father's +talent, and learnt all his tales of terror and superstition, which she +relates with infinite spirit; but when you are led by her across the +heath to drop a stone into that deep and narrow gulf to which our story +relates,--when you stand on its slippery edge, and (parting the long +grass with which it is covered) gaze into its mysterious depths,--when +she describes, with all the animation of an _eye witness_, the +struggles of the victims grasping the grass as a last hope of +preservation, and trying to drag in their assassin as an expiring +effort of vengeance,--when you are told that for 300 years the clear +waters in this diamond of the desert have remained untasted by mortal +lips, and that the solitary traveller is still pursued at night by the +howling of the bloodhound,--it is _then only_ that it is possible fully +to appreciate the terrors of THE MURDER HOLE. + +_Blackwood's Magazine._ + + + * * * * * + + +DANCING. + + I never to a ball will go, + That poor pretence for prancing, + Where Jenkins dislocates a toe, + And Tomkins _thinks_ he's dancing: + And most I execrate that ball, + Of balls the most atrocious, + Held yearly in old Magog's hall, + The feasting and ferocious. + + I execrate the mob, the squeeze, + The rough refreshment-scramble: + The dancers, keeping time with knees + That knock as down they amble; + Between two lines of bankers' clerks, + Stared at by two of loobies-- + All mighty fine for city sparks, + But all and each one boobies:-- + + Boobies with heads like poodle-dogs, + With curls like clew-lines dangling; + With limbs like galvanizing frogs, + And necks stiff-starched and strangling; + With pigeon-breasts and pigeon-wings, + And waists like wasps and spiders; + With whiskers like Macready's kings', + Mustachios like El Hyder's. + + Miss Jones, the Moorfields milliner, + With Toilinet, the draper, + May waltz--for none are _willinger_ + To cut cloth or a caper.-- + Miss Moses of the Minories, + With Mr. Wicks of Wapping, + May love such light tracasseries, + Such shuffle shoe and hopping: + + Miss Hicks, the belle of Holywell, + And pride of Norton Falgate, + In waltzing may the world excel, + Except Miss Hicks of Aldgate. + Well, let them--'tis their nature--twirl, + And Smiths adore their twirlings, + Which kill with envy every girl + That fingers lace at Urling's, + + I laugh while I lament to see + A fellow, made to measure + 'Gainst grenadiers of six feet three, + "Die down the dance" with pleasure. + I laugh to see a man with thews + His way through Misses picking, + Like pig with tender pettitoes, + Or chicken-hearted chicken; + + A tom-cat shod with walnut-shells, + A pony race in pattens, + A wagon-horse tricked out with bells, + A sow in silks and satins, + A butcher's hair _en papillote_, + And lounging Piccadilly, + A clown in an embroidered coat, + Are not more gauche and silly. + + Let atoms take their dusty dance, + But men are not corpuscles: + An Englishman's not made in France, + Nor wire and buckram muscles. + The manly leap, the breathing race, + The wrestle, or old cricket, + Give to the limbs a native grace-- + So, here's for double-wicket. + + Leave dancing to the women, Men-- + In them it is becoming;-- + I never tire to see them, when + Joe Hart his fiddle's strumming, + Or Colinet and mild Musard + Have set their hearts quadrilling;-- + Then be each nymph a gay Brocard, + And every woman killing. + + I love to see the pretty dears + Go lightly caracolling, + And drinking love at eyes and ears, + With every look their soul in! + I like to watch the swan-like grace + They show in minuetting. + It hits one's bosom's tenderest place, + To see them pirouetting. + + But when a measurer of tape + Turns butterfly and dandy, + Assumes their grace, their air, their shape, + I wish a pump were handy! + I never to such balls will go, + Those poor pretexts for prancing; + Where Jenkins dislocates his toe, + And Tomkins _thinks_ he's dancing. + +_Monthly Magazine._ + + + + * * * * * + + + +THE GATHERER. + + + A snapper up of unconsidered trifles. + +SHAKSPEARE. + + + * * * * * + + +FAMILY RECKONING. + +Two Irishmen lately met, who had not seen each other since their +arrival from Dublin's fair city. Pat exclaimed, "How are you, my honey; +how is Biddy Sulivan, Judy O'Connell, and Daniel O'Keefe?" "Oh! my +jewel," answered the other, "Biddy has got so many children that she +will soon be a grandfather; Judy has six, but they have no father at +all, for she never was married. And, as for Daniel, he's grown so thin, +that he is as thin as us both put together." + +W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +VARY-WEEL WHILE IT LASTS. + +Two old Scotch gentlemen, having left their better halves in the Land +o' Cakes, on quitting Covent Garden theatre were discussing the merits +of the play, the School for Scandal. "I was vary gled to see Sir Peter +and my Leddy Tizzle sic gude frinds agin, Mr. M'Dougal, what think ye?" +"Eh, mon, vary weel while it lasts, but it's just Mrs. M'Dougal's way. +I'se warrant they're at it agin afore we are doon in our beds mon." +Poor Sheridan should have heard this himself. + + + * * * * * + + +One of his majesty's frigates being at anchor on a winter's night, in +a tremendous gale of wind, the ground broke, and she began to drive. +The lieutenant of the watch ran down to the captain and awoke him from +his sleep, and told him the anchor had come home. "Well," said the +captain, rubbing his eyes, "I think our anchor is perfectly right, for +who the d---- would stay out such a night as this?" + +W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +Beer was first introduced into England in 1492; into Scotland as early +as 1482. By the statute of King James I. one full quart of the best +beer or ale was to be sold for one penny, and two quarts of small beer +for one penny. + + + * * * * * + + +In the museum of Stuttgard, is a portrait of the Countess of Salzburg, +who, at the age of 50 years, had mustachios, whiskers, and a beard, as +long and as black as those of any man. + + + * * * * * + + +TRIAL BY JURY. + +The following anecdote is given in "_Lettres tres sur l'Angleterre par +A. de Stael Holstein_." "King George III. once gave directions for +closing up a gate and a road in his own park at Richmond, which had +been free to foot passengers for many years. A citizen of Richmond, who +found the road convenient to the inhabitants of that village, took up +the cause of his neighbours. He contended, that, although the +thoroughfare might have been originally an encroachment, it had become +public property by the lapse of time, and by prescriptive right, and +that he should compel the king to re-open it. He brought his suit, +without hesitating, into a court of justice, and gained his process." + + + * * * * * + + +This day is published, price 5s. with a Frontispiece, and thirty other +Engravings, the + +ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829. + +The MECHANICAL department contains ONE HUNDRED New Inventions and +Discoveries, with 14 _Engravings_. + +CHEMICAL, SEVENTY articles, with 2 _Engravings_. + +NATURAL HISTORY, 135 New Facts and Discoveries, with 7 _Engravings_. + +ASTRONOMICAL and METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA--35 articles--6 _Engravings_. + +AGRICULTURE, GARDENING, and RURAL ECONOMY, 106 _Articles_. + +DOMESTIC ECONOMY 50 _Articles_. + +USEFUL ARTS, 50 _Articles_. + +FINE ARTS. + +PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS. + +MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER, &c. + +"We hope the editor will publish a similar volume +annually."--_Gardener's Magazine._ + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + +***** This file should be named 10950.txt or 10950.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/9/5/10950/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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