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diff --git a/old/10950-h/10950-h.htm b/old/10950-h/10950-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2c923ee --- /dev/null +++ b/old/10950-h/10950-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2022 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta name="generator" content= +"HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st November 2003), see www.w3.org" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content= +"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> +<title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 355.</title> + +<style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[*/ + + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {margin-right: 40%; margin-left: 40%; width: 20%;} + + .note, .footnote + {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum + {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem + {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;} + .poem p.i24 {margin-left: 12em;} + .figure + {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;} + .figure img + {border: none;} + .figure p + .side { float:right; + font-size: 75%; + width: 25%; + padding-left:10px; + border-left: dashed thin; + margin-left: 10px; + text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; + font-weight: bold; + font-style: italic;} + --> +/*]]>*/ +</style> +</head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction + Vol. 13, No. 355., Saturday, February 7, 1829 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: February 5, 2004 [EBook #10950] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + + + + + +</pre> + +<hr class="full" /> +<h1>THE MIRROR<br /> +OF<br /> +LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1> +<hr class="full" /> +<table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date"> +<tr> +<td align="left"><b>Vol. XIII. No. 355.]</b></td> +<td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1829.</b></td> +<td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> +<hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page81" id="page81"></a>[pg +81]</span> +<h2>VILLAS IN THE REGENT'S PARK.</h2> +<hr /> +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href= +"images/355-81-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/355-81-1.png" +alt="MARQUESS OF HERTFORD'S VILLA." /></a> +<h4>MARQUESS OF HERTFORD'S VILLA.</h4> +</div> +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href= +"images/355-81-2.png"><img width="100%" src="images/355-81-2.png" +alt="DORIC VILLA." /></a> +<h4>DORIC VILLA.</h4> +</div> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page82" id="page82"></a>[pg +82]</span> +<p>The definition of the word <i>villa</i> is a country seat; but +the reader will ask, how can a country seat be in the midst of a +metropolis, or in its brick and mortar confines? The term, however, +admits of various modifications. The villas of the Romans resembled +large city palaces removed into the country, and some of them were +four times larger than Versailles with its three thousand +apartments. The villas of modern Rome likewise more resemble +palaces than abodes of domestic convenience; and one of them, the +Villa Mondrogone, has more windows than there are days in the year. +Such are the Italian villas, of which the name conveys as accurate +an idea as the English reader acquires from the French +<i>chateau</i>, which, in reality, implies a comfortless +factory-looking abode, with a blaze of fresco embellishments.</p> +<p>The first engraving in the annexed page is the villa, or, we +should rather say, the suburban retreat, of the Marquess of +Hertford, designed by Mr. Decimus Burton. The noble owner, who has +enjoyed the peculiar advantages of travel, and is a man of +<i>vertu</i> and fine taste, has selected a design of beautiful +simplicity and chastity of style. The entrance-hall is protected by +a hexastyle (six column) portico of that singular Athenian order, +which embellishes the door of the Tower of the Winds. The roof is +Venetian, with projecting eaves; and the wings are surmounted by +spacious glass lanterns, which light the upper rooms. The buildings +and offices are on a larger scale than any other in the park, and +correspond in style with the opulence of the noble owner. The +offices are spread out, like the villas of the ancients, upon the +ground-floor. Adjoining the front of the villa is a tent-like +canopy, surmounting a spacious apartment, set aside, we believe, +for splendid <i>dejeuné</i> entertainments in the summer. +This roof may be seen from several parts of the park. The entrance +lodge is particularly chaste, the gates are in handsome park-like +style; and the plantations and ornamental gardens in equally good +taste. The establishment is, as we have said, the most extensive in +the Regent's Park, and is in every respect in correspondent taste +with the beautiful Italian fronted town residence of the noble +marquess, opposite the Green Park, in Piccadilly; and its luxurious +comforts well alternate with the fashionable hospitalities of +Sudborne Hall, the veritable <i>country seat</i> of this +distinguished nobleman.</p> +<p>The second engraving is another specimen of the Regent's Park +villa style. The order is handsome Doric; but much cannot be said +in praise of its adaptation to a suburban residence. It +nevertheless adds the charm of variety to the buildings that stud +and encircle the park, and intermingle with lawns and bowery walks +with more prettiness than rural character.</p> +<hr /> +<h2>DESTRUCTION OF THE INTERIOR OF YORK MINSTER.<a id= +"footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href= +"#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a></h2> +<p>On Monday morning last, this magnificent structure was +discovered to be on fire. Soon after the alarm was given, the bells +of twenty-three churches announced the dismal tidings; but for some +time the people looked upon the report as a hoax, and it was not +until after the lapse of an hour that the city was fairly roused to +a sense of the impending calamity.</p> +<p>On the Sunday evening previous, there was service in the +Minster, as usual, and all appeared to be left safe. A light was, +however, observed in the building, by a man passing through the +Minster-yard, about four o'clock on Monday morning; but he supposed +some workmen were employed there, and passed on without inquiry. +Between six and seven o'clock, the discovery was made in an +extraordinary manner. One of the choristers passing through the +Minster-yard, accidentally stepping on a piece of ice, was thrown +on his back, in which position he saw a quantity of smoke issuing +from the roof.</p> +<p>In a letter dated York, February 2nd, the writer thus hastily +describes the extent of the conflagration:—</p> +<p>The first appearance I observed was the issue of an immense +volume of smoke from the junction of the western towers with the +nave, a smaller column from the great tower, and a third column +from the roof of the choir, thus presenting the appearance of the +building being on fire in all parts, whilst a dense smoke filled +the interior to such a degree as to preclude the immediate entrance +of the firemen. At length, the engines were rolled into the august +edifice, when a scene beyond all description presented itself; the +interior of the choir enveloped in flames, reflected upon the +beautiful stained glass. The flames soon burst through the roof of +the choir, and in less than an hour the whole was in a blaze, and +the melted lead poured down the spouting. The roof soon fell in, in +about five or six dreadful crashes. Every effort was made to +prevent the flames spreading to the transept and nave, and I trust +with success, for though the engines are now (midnight) still +playing, I do not find that there is any other fire than the +remains of the roof on the floor of the choir.</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page83" id="page83"></a>[pg +83]</span> +<p>The damage may be summed up thus: The roof of the choir quite +gone, the wood work on each side consumed, the matchless organ +entirely destroyed, many monuments broken, and the communion plate +melted. On the other hand, the east window is entire to the +surprise of every one, the screen is uninjured, although +immediately below the organ, the records in the vestry, the horn of +Ulphus,<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href= +"#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> the coronation chair, and the brass +eagle are saved, and the wills in the Prerogative office are all +safely lodged in Belfrey's Church. For some time the city was in +considerable danger; flakes of fire were carried as far as the Lord +Mayor's Walk; providentially there was very little wind.</p> +<p>From another account we learn that communication with the roof +was not at first apprehended, but the roof of the choir being very +dry wood, soon joined in the conflagration. It is impossible to +describe the awful picture of the flames rising above this majestic +building. The effect produced by the glare of light upon the +stained glass of the windows exceeds description. On the falling of +the roof, the house of prayer, which but the evening before had +resounded with the voices of worshippers, and where all was order +and harmony, now resembled a fiery furnace. The pillars, which once +served to divide the choir from the two side aisles, now stood +alone, the whole being an open space, with the roof burning on the +ground, and nothing above but the blue canopy of heaven.</p> +<p>Mr. Britton, in his valuable work on York Cathedral, gives a +minute description of that part of the Minster which has been +destroyed; from which the following is extracted:—</p> +<p>"After passing through the screen, the visiter is introduced to +the choir, which is grand in scale and rich in adornment. On each +side is a series of 20 stalls, with 12 at the west end, beneath the +organ. These are of oak, and are peculiarly rich in their canopies +and carved decorations. Each seat, or stall, has its movable +miserecordia, with projecting rests for the elbows, from which rise +two detached slender columns, supporting an elaborate canopy. At +the eastern end of the choir is the altar-table, raised above the +regular floor by a series of 15 steps.</p> +<p>"On the north side of the altar, over the grated window that +lights the crypt, is an ancient pew, or gallery, to which there is +an ascent by a flight of narrow stairs, of solid blocks of oak. The +exterior of this gallery is very neat, and it is certainly older +than the Reformation.</p> +<p>"Behind the stalls of the choir are closets, some of which are +used as vestries by the singing-men: modern staircases have been +constructed, leading to the galleries erected above, and which +disfigure the view into the aisles. These closets are fronted, next +the aisles, by open screens of oak, some of which are of excellent +carving, and more elaborate than others. In the centre of the choir +stands a desk for the vicars-choral to chant the litany in; it is +enclosed in a pew of carved wood."</p> +<p>The Minster was lighted with gas, to which the conflagration was +at first attributed; but the fire appears to have originated in one +of the vestries. When we remember the beauty of the carved work +which has thus been destroyed, and the elaborate skill which had +been bestowed on its execution, our sympathies are deeply awakened +for its fate. Indeed, the most listless admirer of art, as well as +the antiquarian devotee, has just cause to lament this accident; +especially as the taste and labours of our times fall far short of +the olden glories of architecture. When we think of the +"unsubstantial pageant" of the recent "Festival," and <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page84" id="page84"></a>[pg 84]</span> associate +its fleeting show with the desert remains of this venerable pile, +our feelings deepen into melancholy, and the smoking fragments of +art seem to breathe—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Tell thou the lamentable fall of me,</p> +<p>And send the hearers weeping to their beds.</p> +</div> +</div> +<hr /> +<h2>HARD FROSTS IN ENGLAND.</h2> +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> +<table width="100%" cellspacing="8" summary=""> +<tr> +<td colspan="2">In the year</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">220.</td> +<td>Frost lasted 5 months.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">250.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen 9 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">291.</td> +<td>Most rivers frozen 6 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">508.</td> +<td>The rivers frozen 2 months.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">695.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen 6 weeks; booths built on it.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">759.</td> +<td>Frost from October the 1st, till February 26th, 760.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">827.</td> +<td>Frost for 9 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">923.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen 13 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">987.</td> +<td>Frost lasted 120 days.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">998.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen 5 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1035.</td> +<td>Frost on Midsummer Day so vehement that the corn and fruits +were destroyed.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1063.</td> +<td>The Thames frozen for 14 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1076.</td> +<td>Frost from November to April.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1114.</td> +<td>Several wooden bridges carried away by the ice.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1407.</td> +<td>Frost for 15 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1434.</td> +<td>Thames frozen down to Gravesend; 12 weeks frost.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1683.</td> +<td>Frost for 13 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1739.</td> +<td>Frost for 9 weeks.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1788.</td> +<td>Frost from November to January,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1789,</td> +<td>when the Thames was crossed opposite the Customhouse, the +Tower, Execution Dock, Putney, Brentford, &c. It was general +throughout Europe.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1796.</td> +<td>Frost the most severe on Dec. 25th that had ever been felt in +the memory of man.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="right">1814.</td> +<td>Severe frost, Thames frozen, and tremendous falls of snow.</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>A French writer who visited England during the severe frost in +the year 1688, says, (in a small volume which he published in +Paris,) "that besides hackney-coaches, a large sledge, or sledges, +were then exhibited on the frozen Thames, and that King Charles +passed a whole night upon the ice."</p> +<p>The following extract is also an account of this frost by an +eye-witness; which may be seen in the <i>Beauties of England and +Wales</i>, vol. x. page 83: he says, "On the 20th of December, +1688, a very violent frost began, which lasted to the 6th of +February, in so great extremity, that the pools were frozen 18 +inches thick at least, and the Thames was so frozen that a great +street from the Temple to Southwark was built with shops, and all +manner of things sold. Hackney coaches plied there as in the +streets. There were also bull-baiting, and a great many shows and +tricks to be seen. This day the frost broke up. In the morning I +saw a coach and six horses driven from Whitehall almost to the +bridge (London Bridge) yet by three o'clock that day, February the +6th, next to Southwark the ice was gone, so as boats did row to and +fro, and the next day all the frost was gone. On Candlemas Day I +went to Croydon market, and led my horse over the ice to the +Horseferry from Westminster to Lambeth; as I came back I led him +from Lambeth upon the middle of the Thames to Whitefriars' stairs, +and so led him up by them. And this day an ox was roasted whole, +over against Whitehall. King Charles and the Queen ate part of +it."</p> +<p>N.B. In 1740, a palace of ice was built by the Empress Anne of +Russia, on the banks of the Neva, 52 feet long, which, when +illuminated, had a surprising effect.</p> +<p>P. T. W.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>TURKISH PROPHECY.</h3> +<h4>(<i>For the Mirror.</i>)</h4> +<p>The following is extracted from a book of Prophecies, called +Muhamedys, which is held in veneration by the Turks:—"The +Turkish emperor shall conquer Rome, and make the pope patriarch of +Jerusalem; and he shall, some time after, profess the Mahomedan +faith. Christ shall then come, and show the Christians their error +in not having accepted the Alcoran; and instruct them that the dove +which came down from heaven was not the Holy Ghost, but was +Mahomet, who shall be again upon earth thirty years, and confirm +the Alcoran by new miracles. After that time the power of the Turks +shall decline, till they retire into Desert Arabia, and then there +shall be an end of the world. Their overthrow shall be accomplished +by a people from the north, called <i>caumico fer</i>, +(yellow-haired sons.) The ruin of Constantinople shall happen in +sultan Mahomet's time; and then the Turks shall be reduced to so +few in number, that sixty Turkish women shall have but one husband +among them."</p> +<p>W. G. C.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS, &c.</h3> +<h4>(<i>Concluded from page 58.</i>)</h4> +<p>We have formerly alluded to the well-known feats of the weird +sisterhood on the broomstick; but it is affirmed that on these +occasions the spirit left its earthly abode, the body being +previously anointed with the ointment we have described. We cannot +better illustrate this question (the possibility of which has been +the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page85" id="page85"></a>[pg +85]</span> subject-matter of many grave dissertations amongst the +literati of those times) than by giving the substance of the +following singular "Confession," which with many others equally +interesting, was made in 1664, (the later days of the profession) +before Robert Hunt, Esq., a "justice with fat capon lined," in the +county of Somerset, and in the presence of "several grave and +orthodox divines."</p> +<p>Elizabeth Styles, of Stoke Triston, in that county, was accused +by "divers persons of credit," of the crimes of witchcraft and +sorcery. She was afterwards found guilty by a jury at Taunton, but +died before the sentence could be carried into effect. She +confessed "that the devil, about ten years since, appeared to her +in the shape of a handsome man, and after of a black dog; that he +promised her money, and that she should live gallantly, and have +the pleasure of the world for twelve years, if she would, with her +blood, sign his paper, which was to give her soul to him, and +observe his laws, and that he might suck her blood. This, after +four solicitations, the examinant promised to do; upon which he +pricked the fourth finger of her right hand, between the middle and +upper joints, (where the sign at the examination remained), and +with a drop or two of her blood, she signed the paper with an O. +Upon this the devil gave her sixpence, and vanished with the paper. +That since he hath appeared to her in the shape of a man, and did +so on Wednesday sevennight past, but more usually he appears in the +likeness of a dog, and cat, and a fly like a miller, in which last +he usually sucks in the poll, about four of the clock in the +morning, and did so January 27, and that it usually is pain to her +to be so suckt." When she desired to do harm, she called +<i>Robin</i>; on his appearance she opened her wants, saying, <i>O +Satan, give me my purpose.</i></p> +<p>That a short time before, she and other witches had met a +"gentleman in black" in a field, about nine o'clock at night, to +devise torments for one Elizabeth Hill, who had come under their +ban; they brought a waxen image of her, and the "man in black" took +and anointed it, saying, <i>I baptize thee with this oyl</i>; and +using other words. "He was godfather, and the examinant and Ann +Bishop were godmothers." They called it Elizabeth; and the black +man and weird sisters stuck thorns into various parts of the +luckless image. "After which, they had wine, cakes, and roast meat, +(provided by the gentleman in black,) which they did eat and drink; +and they danced and were very merry," &c. Many of these +unhallowed meetings took place afterwards, and their entertainer, +the gentleman in black—man or devil—seems to have been +a regular <i>gourmand</i>, "and never failed to bring with him +abundance of excellent cheer." The customary bill of fare was +"wine, good ale, cakes, meat, or the like." The spirit was, also, +rather musical, for he "sometimes played sweetly on the pipe or +cittern," the ladies keeping time with a dance, (we fear narrowly +approaching the modern waltz.) On the whole they seem to have had +joyous doings of it, and wonder ceases that the demon gained so +many proselytes amongst the old women. These nocturnal meetings +were generally held for a similar purpose with the foregoing; and +it appears from the confession before us, that they were conveyed +to them by supernatural means—by that simplest, though +despised engine of loco—(or to coin a a word) +aëro-motion—a broomstick. They were obliged to anoint +themselves on these occasions "with an oyl the spirit brought +them;" and they were soon transported to the place of appointment, +using these words in their transit, <i>"Thout, tout, a tout tout, +throughout and about!"</i> and on their return they say "Rentum, +tormentum!" Such is the information conveyed in the confession of +Elizabeth Styles, before these "grave and orthodox divines!"</p> +<p>They were also gifted by the "gentleman in black" with various +other wonderful powers and attributes. They could transform +themselves into the likeness of any animal in the creation, and +therefore the better execute their schemes of devilry; but, it +appears, that they always wanted that essential part—the +tail; and there was a trial gravely reported by a Lancashire jury, +that a soldier having been set to watch a mill from the +depredations of some cats, skilfully whipped off the leg of the +largest, which lo! the next morning, was changed into the arm of an +old witch (who had long been suspected) in the neighbourhood! This +useful faculty of transformation also extended, in some measure, to +the persons of others; for Dr. Bulwer gives the following <i>easy +recipe</i> for "setting a horse or ass' head" on a man's neck and +shoulders:<a id="footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href= +"#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a>—"Cut off the head of a horse or +an ass <i>(before they be dead, otherwise the virtue or strength +thereof will be less effectual,)</i> and take an earthen vessel of +a fit capacity to contain the same. Let it be filled with the oyl +or fat thereof; cover<span class="pagenum"><a name="page86" id= +"page86"></a>[pg 86]</span> it close, and daub it over with loam. +Let it boil over a soft fire for three dayes, that the flesh boiled +may run into oyl, so as the bones may be seen. Beat the hair into +powder, and mingle the same with the oyl, and <i>anoint the heads +of the standers by, and they shall seem to have horses or asses' +heads!</i> If beasts' heads be anointed with the like oyl made of a +man's head, (we suppose cut off while the said man was 'alive!') +they shall seem to have men's faces, as divers authors soberly +affirm!"</p> +<p>After dwelling on the dark and malignant qualities of witches, +it is but justice to give a few of the charms which, for a small +remuneration, they would bestow for the benefit of those who sought +their assistance in the hour of trouble. These charms were +possessed of various degrees of virtue, <i>ex. gratiae.</i></p> +<p><i>Against the toothache.</i>—Scarify the gums, in the +grief, with the tooth of one that hath been slain. Otherwise, +<i>galbes, gabat, galdes, galdat</i>. Otherwise say, "O horsecombs +and sickles that have so many teeth, come heal me of my +toothache!"</p> +<p>These very simple remedies, if popular, would soon send the +concocters of nostrums for the teeth into the Gazette.</p> +<p><i>To release a woman in travail.</i>—Throw over the top +of the house where the woman lieth in travail, a stone, or any +other thing that hath killed three living creatures: namely, a man, +a wild boar, and a she-bear.</p> +<p><i>Against the headache.</i>—Tie a halter round your head +wherewith one hath been hanged.</p> +<p><i>Against the bite of a mad dog.</i>—Put a silver ring on +the ringer, within which the following words are engraven: +<i>hobay, habas, heber</i>; and say to the person bitten by a mad +dog, "I am thy saviour, lose not thy life;" and then prick him in +the nose thrice, that at each time he bleed. Otherwise take pills +made of the skull of one that is hanged, &c.</p> +<p><i>To find her that bewitched your kine.</i>—Put a pair of +breeches upon the cow's head, and beat her out of the pasture with +a good cudgel, upon a Friday, and she will run right to the witch's +door, and strike thereat with her horns.</p> +<p>We are exceeding our limits, else we should have added several +other pithy receipts, almost worthy of her who made the noted one +against the creaking of a door—"rub a bit of soft soap on the +hinges." The most celebrated and precious charm, however, (for the +above are mostly against every-day occurrences) was the <i>Agnus +Dei</i>, which was a "preservative against all manner of evil, a +perfect catholicon; and blessed indeed was the individual who +possessed a treasure so valuable." It was "a little cake, having +the picture of a lamb carrying a flag, on the one side, and +Christ's head on the other side, and was hollow; so that the Gospel +of St. John, written on fine paper, was placed in the concavity +thereof;" and was a sovereign remedy against lightning, the effects +of heat, drowning, &c. &c. In some of the above charms +there is a little humour to be found; and as we have previously +observed, such are the effects of faith, that like the amulets of +the east (may not our own sprigs of witch-elm, &c. be so +called?) they may have had in many cases the desired effects in +averting disease.</p> +<p>Reginald Scot furnishes us with directions "how to prevent and +cure all mischief wrought by charms or witchcraft." To prevent the +entry of a witch into a house, nail a horse-shoe in the inside of +the outermost threshold. We believe this rule is still in practice. +Also it was a custom in some countries to nail a wolf's head, or a +root of garlic, over the door, or on the roof of a house. And our +Saviour's name, &c. with four crosses at the four corners of a +house, was a protection. The Romish custom of driving out evil +spirits by the smoke of sulphur, is well known. "Otherwise the +perfume made of the gall of a black dog, and his bloode besmeared +on the posts and walls of a house, driveth out of the doores, both +devils and witches." A sprig of witch-elm sewn in the collar of the +doublet, was celebrated amongst our great grandmothers as a +specific against the malignant deeds of the weird sisterhood.</p> +<p>But we must draw this article to a close. We may well rejoice +that we live in the nineteenth century; and that the disgusting +infatuation and baleful doctrines of witchcraft are gone for +ever.</p> +<p>VYVYAN.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>FINE ARTS</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>DESCRIPTION OF THE KING'S PALACE,</h3> +<h4><i>By Mr. Nash, the Architect.</i></h4> +<p>The grand entrance in front, which is to be reserved for the +especial use of his Majesty and the Royal Family, will be composed +of white marble, and will be a faithful model of the arch of +Constantine, at Rome, with the exception of the equestrian figure +of his Majesty George IV. on the top. The workmanship of this arch +is expected to rival any thing of the sort in the kingdom, and to +equal the finest works of antiquity. From each side of the arch a +semicircular railing will <span class="pagenum"><a name="page87" +id="page87"></a>[pg 87]</span> extend to the wings, executed in the +most beautiful style, in cast-iron, and surmounted by tips or +ornamental spears of mosaic gold. The area, within, will consist of +a grass-plat, in the centre of which will be an ornamental +fountain, and the whole will be bounded by a graveled road.</p> +<p>The wing on the left will comprise his Majesty's chapel, the +kitchen, and other offices; and that on the tight, his Majesty's +private suite of apartments. The entrance to the former is from the +back, near to where Buckingham-gate formerly stood, and it is by +this door that the visiters to the palace on gala days will be +admitted. Passing through the building, they will enter a spacious +colonnade, which extends along the front of the body of the palace, +and in front of each wing; above the colonnade is a magnificent +balcony, supported by columns of the Doric order. At the end of +each wing is a pediment, supported by Corinthian columns. The +entablature of each pediment is tastefully filled up with groups of +figures in white marble, exquisitely carved in <i>alto relievo</i>, +illustrative of the arts and sciences. On the extreme points of the +wing on the left, are fixed statues representing History, +Geography, and Astronomy; and on those of the right wing, Painting, +Music, and Architecture. On the entablature of the pediment, in +front of the main body of the palace, it is intended to place the +Arms of England; and on the top are placed Neptune, with Commerce +on one side, and Navigation on the other. Around the entire +building, and above the windows, is a delicately worked frieze, +combining in a scroll the Rose, the Shamrock, and the Thistle.</p> +<p>The entrance-hall is about thirty-three feet in height. The +pavement is of white marble slightly veined with blue. The entire +hall is bordered with a scroll of Sienna or yellow, centred with +rosettes of puce-coloured marble, inlaid in the most masterly style +of workmanship. The walls are of Scagliola, and the ceiling is +supported by a succession of white marble pillars. From the hall +are the avenues leading to the state +apartments—drawing-rooms, dining-rooms, throne-room, +statue-gallery, picture-gallery, &c.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>THE ANECDOTE GALLERY.</h2> +<hr /> +<h4>WINDSOR AS IT WAS.</h4> +<p>The last Number of the <i>London Magazine</i> contains an +article of considerable graphic interest, under the above title. It +is written by one "born within a stone's throw of the castle," and, +<i>ni fallor</i>, by the author of the picturesque description of +Virginia Water, in the Magazine for September, last. As the whole +article is much too long for our space, we have abridged it, taking +care to retain the most characteristic portion of the writer's very +pleasing reminiscences:—</p> +<p>My earliest recollections of Windsor are exceedingly delightful. +I was born within a stone's throw of the Castle-gates; and my whole +boyhood was passed in the most unrestrained enjoyment of the +venerable and beautiful objects by which I was surrounded, as if +they had been my own peculiar and proper inheritance. The king and +his family lived in a plain, barrack-looking lodge at his castle +foot, which, in its external appearance and its interior +arrangements, exactly corresponded with the humble taste and the +quiet, domestic habits of George III. The whole range of the +castle, its terrace, and its park, were places dedicated to the +especial pleasures of a school-boy.</p> +<p>The Park! what a glory was that for cricket and kite-flying. No +one molested us. The beautiful plain immediately under the eastern +terrace was called the Bowling Green;—and, truly, it was as +level as the smoothest of those appendages to suburban inns. We +took excellent care that the grass should not grow too fast beneath +our feet. No one molested us. The king, indeed, would sometimes +stand alone for half an hour to see the boys at cricket; and +heartily would he laugh when the wicket of some confident urchin +went down at the first ball. But we did not heed his majesty. He +was a quiet, good-humoured gentleman, in a long blue coat, whose +face was as familiar to us as that of our writing-master; and many +a time had that gracious gentleman bidden us good morning, when we +were hunting for mushrooms in the early dew, and had crossed his +path as he was returning from his dairy, to his eight o'clock +breakfast. Every one knew that most respectable and amiable of +country squires, called His Majesty; and truly there was no +inequality in the matter, for his majesty knew every one.</p> +<p>I have now no recollection of having, when a child, seen the +king with any of the appendages of royalty, except when he went to +town, once a week, to hold a levee; and then ten dragoons rode +before, and ten after his carriage, and the tradesmen in the +streets through which he passed duly stood at their doors, to make +the most profound reverences, as in duty bound, when their monarch +looked "every inch a king." But the bows were less profound, and +the wonderment none at all, when twice a week, <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page88" id="page88"></a>[pg 88]</span> as was +his wont during the summer months, his majesty, with all his +family, and a considerable bevy of ancient maids of honour and +half-pay generals, walked through the town, or rode at a slow pace +in an open carriage, to the Windsor theatre, which was then in the +High-street. Reader, it is impossible that you can form an idea of +the smallness of that theatre; unless you have by chance lived in a +country town, when the assembly-room of the head inn has been +fitted up with the aid of brown paper and ochre, for the exhibition +of some heroes of the sock and buskin, vulgarly called strollers. +At the old Windsor Theatre, her majesty's apothecary in the lower +boxes might have almost felt her pulse across the pit. My knowledge +of the drama commenced at the early age of seven years, amidst this +royal fellowship in fun; and most loyally did I laugh when his +majesty, leaning back in his capacious arm-chair in the stage-box, +shook the house with his genuine peals of hearty merriment. Well do +I remember the whole course of these royal play-goings. The theatre +was of an inconvenient form, with very sharp angles at the +junctions of the centre with the sides. The stage-box, and the +whole of the left or O.P. side of the lower tier, were appropriated +to royalty. The house would fill at about half-past six. At seven, +precisely, Mr. Thornton, the manager, made his entrance backwards, +through a little door, into the stage-box, with a plated +candlestick in each hand, bowing with all the grace that his gout +would permit. The six fiddles struck up God save the King; the +audience rose; the king nodded round and took his seat next the +stage; the queen curtsied, and took her arm-chair also. The satin +bills of their majesties and the princesses were then duly +displayed—and the dingy green curtain drew up. The +performances were invariably either a comedy and farce, or more +frequently three farces, with a plentiful interlarding of comic +songs. Quick, Suett, and Mrs. Mattocks were the reigning +favourites; and, about 1800, Elliston and Fawcett became occasional +stars. But Quick and Suett were the king's especial delight. When +Lovegold, in the "Miser," drawled out "a pin a day's a groat a +year," the laugh of the royal circle was somewhat loud; but when +Dicky Gossip exhibited in his vocation, and accompanied the burden +of his song, "Dicky Gossip, Dicky Gossip is the man," with the +blasts of his powder-puff, the cachinnation was loud and long, and +the gods prolonged the chorus of laughter, till the echo died away +in the royal box. At the end of the third act, coffee was handed +round to the court circle; and precisely at eleven the performances +finished,—and the flambeaux gleamed through the dimly-lighted +streets of Windsor, as the happy family returned to their tranquil +home.</p> +<p>There was occasionally a good deal of merriment going forward at +Windsor in these olden days. I have a dim recollection of having +danced in the little garden which was once the moat of the Round +Tower, and which Washington Irving has been pleased to imagine +existed in the time of James I. of Scotland. I have a perfect +remembrance of a fête at Frogmore, about the beginning of the +present century, where there was a Dutch fair,—and haymaking +very agreeably performed in white kid gloves by the belles of the +town,—and the buck-basket scene of the "Merry Wives of +Windsor" represented by Fawcett and Mrs. Mattocks, and I think Mrs. +Gibbs, under the colonnade of the house in the open day—and +variegated lamps—and transparencies—and tea served out +in tents, with a magnificent scramble for the bread and butter. +There was great good humour and freedom on all these occasions; and +if the grass was damp and the young ladies caught cold, and the +sandwiches were scarce, and the gentlemen went home hungry—I +am sure these little drawbacks were not to be imputed to the royal +entertainers, who delighted to see their neighbours and dependants +happy and joyous.</p> +<p>A few years passed over my head, and the scene was somewhat +changed. The king and his family migrated from their little lodge +into the old and spacious castle. This was about 1804. The lath and +plaster of Sir William Chambers was abandoned to the equerries and +chance visiters of the court; and the low rooms and dark passages +that had scarcely been tenanted since the days of Anne, were made +tolerably habitable by the aid of diligent upholstery. Upon the +whole, the change was not one which conduced to comfort; and I have +heard that the princesses wept when they quitted their snug +boudoirs in the Queen's Lodge. Windsor Castle, as it was, was a sad +patchwork affair.</p> +<p>The late king and his family had lived at Windsor nearly thirty +years, before it occurred to him to inhabit his own castle. The +period at which he took possession was one of extraordinary +excitement. It was the period of the threatened invasion of England +by Napoleon, when, as was the case with France, upon the manifesto +of the Duke of Brunswick, "the land bristled."</p> +<p>The doings at Windsor were certainly <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page89" id="page89"></a>[pg 89]</span> more than +commonly interesting at that period; and I was just of an age to +understand something of their meaning, and partake the excitement. +Sunday was especially a glorious day; and the description of one +Sunday will furnish an adequate picture of these of two or three +years.</p> +<p>At nine o'clock the sound of martial music was heard in the +streets. The Blues and the Stafford Militia then did duty at +Windsor; and though the one had seen no service since Minden, and +most undeservedly bore the stigma of a past generation; and the +other was composed of men who had never faced any danger but the +ignition of a coal-pit;—they were each a remarkably fine body +of soldiers, and the king did well to countenance them. Of the +former regiment George III. had a troop of his own, and he +delighted to wear the regimentals of a captain of the Blues; and +well did his burly form become the cocked hat and heavy jack-boots +which were the fashion of that fine corps in 1805. At nine o'clock, +as I have said, of a Sunday morning, the noise of trumpet and of +drum was heard in the streets of Windsor; for the regiments paraded +in the castle quadrangle. The troops occupied the whole square. At +about ten the king appeared with his family. He passed round the +lines, while the salute was performed; and many a rapid word of +inquiry had he to offer to the colonels who accompanied him. Not +always did he wait for an answer—but that was after the +fashion of royalty in general. He passed onwards towards St. +George's Chapel. But the military pomp did not end in what is +called the upper quadrangle. In the lower ward, at a very humble +distance from the regular troops, were drawn up a splendid body of +men, ycleped the Windsor Volunteers; and most gracious were the +nods of royalty to the well-known drapers, and hatters, and +booksellers, who had the honour to hold commissions in that +distinguished regiment. The salutations, however, were short, and +onwards went the cortege, for the chapel bell was tolling in, and +the king was always punctual.</p> +<p>Great was the crowd to see the king and his family return from +chapel; for by this time London had poured forth its chaises and +one, and the astonished inmates of Cheapside and St. Mary Axe were +elbowing each other to see how a monarch smiled. They saw him well; +and often have I heard the disappointed exclamation, "Is +<i>that</i> the king?" They saw a portly man, in a plain suit of +regimentals, and no crown upon his head. What a fearful falling off +from the king of the story-books!</p> +<p>The terrace, however, was the great Sunday attraction; and +though Bishop Porteus remonstrated with his majesty for suffering +people to crowd together, and bands to play on these occasions, I +cannot think that the good-tempered monarch committed any mortal +sin in walking amongst his people in their holiday attire. This +terrace was a motley scene.</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>The peasant's toe did gall the courtier's gibe.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>The barber from Eton and his seven daughters elbowed the dean +who rented his back parlour, when he was in the sixth +form,—and who now was crowding to the front rank for a smile +of majesty, having heard that the Bishop of Chester was seriously +indisposed. The prime minister waited quietly amidst the crush, +till the royal party should descend from their +dining-room,—smiling at, if not unheeding, the anxious +inquiries of the stock-broker from Change Alley, who wondered if +Mr. Pitt would carry a gold stick before the king. The only time I +saw that minister was under these circumstances. It was the year +before he died. He stood firmly and proudly amongst the crowd for +some half-hour till the king should arrive. The monarch, of course, +immediately recognised him; the contrast in the demeanour of the +two personages made a remarkable impression upon me—and that +of the minister first showed me an example of the perfect +self-possession of men of great abilities.</p> +<p>After a year or two of this soil of excitement the king became +blind; and painful was the exhibition of the led horse of the good +old man, as he took his accustomed ride. In a few more years a +still heavier calamity fell upon him—and from that time +Windsor Castle became, comparatively, a mournful place. The terrace +was shut up—the ancient pathway through the park, and under +the castle walls, was diverted—and a somewhat Asiatic state +and stillness seemed to usurp the reign of the old free and +familiar intercourse of the sovereign with the people.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>NOTES OF A READER.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>NAVARINO.</h3> +<p>Towards the close of the battle of Navarino, one of our +midshipmen, a promising youth of about fourteen, was struck by a +cannon-shot, which carried off both his legs, and his right-hand, +with which the poor fellow had been grasping his<span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page90" id="page90"></a>[pg 90]</span> cutlass +at that moment. He lay in the gun-room, as nothing could be done +for him; and I was informed by one of the men, that he repeatedly +named his mother in a piteous tone, but soon after rallied a +little, and began to inquire eagerly how the action was going on, +and if any more Turkish ships had struck. He lingered in great +agony for about twenty minutes.—From a spirited description +in No. 2, <i>United Service Journal</i>, intended for abridgment +probably in our next.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>FRENCH THEATRES.</h3> +<p>The revenue of the thirteen theatres of Paris during last year, +amounted to the great sum of £233,561 sterling; that of the +two establishments for the performance of the <i>regular drama</i> +amounting only to £26,600, or not more than a tithe of the +whole.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>ROUSSEAU.</h3> +<p>A mask taken upon the face of Jean Jacques Rousseau after death, +recently fetched, at the sale of the late M. Houdon, 500 francs. +The purchaser has since refused an offer of 15,000 francs for +it.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BRUSSELS.</h3> +<p>May be said to be next to Paris, the largest English colony on +the continent; and that there are not fewer at this moment than six +thousand English residents there. This is not at all surprising. +Cheapness of living, of education, of amusements—a mild +government and agreeable society—the abundance of all the +necessaries of life, of fine fruits and vegetables in particular, +are temptations; though we pity those who have not the virtue to +resist them.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>WRITING FOR THE STAGE.</h3> +<p>Is it not extraordinary that the manager of a theatre is the +only purveyor who does not know the value of his wares? A +bookseller will, if he approves of a work, pay a certain sum for +the copyright, and risk an additional sum in the publication, at +the hazard of losing by the fiat of a very capricious public, the +reading public. But the writer of a drama must make up his mind to +stake the labour of months on the fortune of a single +night.—<i>New Monthly Mag.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>EXPEDITIONS OF DISCOVERY.</h3> +<p>Narratives of these important and interesting enterprizes +multiply so fast, that we are happy to announce, as preparing for +publication, a series of abstracts of the most recent <i>Voyages +and Overland Journeys</i>. They will be printed in an economical +volume adapted to all classes of purchasers, and will contain all +the new facts in nautical and geographical science; details of the +<i>Natural History</i> of the respective countries, the manners and +customs of the natives, &c.—Fernando Po, Timbuctoo, +Clapperton's African adventures, and Capt. Dillon's discoveries +relative to the fate of La Perouse, will, of course, form prominent +portions of this work, the popular title of which will be, "<i>The +Cabinet of Recent Voyages and Travels</i>."</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BEEF-EATING.</h3> +<p>A facetious gourmand used to say, that he had eaten so much beef +for the last six months, that he was ashamed to look a bullock in +the face.—<i>Twelve Years' Military Adventures.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>THE SABBATH.</h3> +<p>If we believe in the divine origin of the commandment, the +Sabbath is instituted for the express purposes of religion. The +time set apart is the "Sabbath of the Lord;" a day on which we are +not to work our own works, or think our own thoughts. The precept +is positive, and the purpose clear. He who has to accomplish his +own salvation, must not carry to tennis courts and skittle grounds +the train of reflections which ought necessarily to be excited by a +serious discourse of religion. The religious part of the Sunday's +exercise is not to be considered as a bitter medicine, the taste of +which is as soon as possible to be removed by a bit of sugar. On +the contrary, our demeanour through the rest of the day ought to +be, not sullen certainly, or morose, but serious and tending to +instruction. Give to the world one half of the Sunday, and you will +find that religion has no strong hold of the other. Pass the +morning at church, and the evening, according to your taste or +rank, in the cricket-field, or at the Opera, and you will soon find +thoughts of the evening hazards and bets intrude themselves on the +sermon, and that recollections of the popular melodies interfere +with the psalms. Religion is thus treated like Lear, to whom his +ungrateful daughters first denied one half of his stipulated +attendance, and then made it a question whether they should grant +him any share of what remained.—<i>Quart. Review.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>POCKET BOOKS.</h3> +<p>Among the works under this denomination for 1829, we notice two, +which from their almost indispensible utility, deserve the name of +<i>Hardy Annuals</i>. The first is <i>Adcock's Engineers' Pocket +Book</i>, and contains tables of British weights and measures, +multiplication and division <span class="pagenum"><a name="page91" +id="page91"></a>[pg 91]</span> obtained by inspection, tables of +squares and cubes and square and cube roots, and mensuration; +tables of the areas and circumferences of circles, &c.; the +mechanical powers, animal strength, mills and steam-engines, +treatises on hydraulics, pneumatics, heat, &c., and on the +strength and heat of materials. To these are superadded the usual +contents of a pocket book, so as to render the present volume a +desirable vade-mecum for the operative, the manufacturer, and +engineer.</p> +<p>One of Mr. Adcock's most popular illustrations will not be +uninteresting to the reader:—</p> +<p><i>"Force of Gunpowder."</i>—"If we calculate the quantity +of motion produced by gunpowder, we shall find that this agent, +though extremely convenient, is far more expensive than human +labour; but the advantage of gunpowder consists in the great rarity +of the active substance; a spring or a bow can only act with a +moderate velocity on account of its own weight; the air of the +atmosphere, however compressed, could not flow into a vacuum with a +velocity so great as 1,500 feet in a second; hydrogen gas might +move more rapidly; but the elastic substance produced by gunpowder +is capable of propelling a very heavy cannon ball with a much +greater velocity."</p> +<p>Of an opposite character, but equally useful, and more +attractive for the general reader, is the second,—<i>The +Spoilsman's Pocket Book</i>, by a brother of the author of the +preceding. Here are the usual pocket-book contents, and the laws, +&c. of British sports and pastimes—as shooting, angling, +hunting, coursing, racing, cricket, and <i>skating</i>: from the +latter we subjoin a hint for the benefit of the <i>Serpentine +Mercuries</i>; which proves the adage <i>ex liguo non fit +Mercurius</i>:—</p> +<p>"Care should be taken that the muscular movements of the whole +body correspond with the movements of the skates, and that it be +regulated so as to be almost imperceptible to the spectators; for +nothing so much diminishes the grace and elegance of skating as +sudden jerks and exertions. The attitude of drawing the bow and +arrow, whilst the skater is forming a large circle on the outside, +is very beautiful, and some persons, in skating, excel in manual +exercises and military salutes."</p> +<p>The whole series of pocket books by the Messrs. Adcocks, extend, +we believe, to eight, adapted for all descriptions of +<i>industriels</i>, as well as for the less occupied, who are not +"the architects of their own fortunes."</p> +<hr /> +<p>Dr. Parr was the last learned schoolmaster who was professedly +an amateur of the rod; and in that profession there was more of +humour and affectation than of reality, for with all his habitual +affectation and his occasional brutality, Parr was a good-natured, +generous, warm-hearted man; there was a coarse husk and a hard +shell, like the cocoa-nut, but the core was filled with the milk of +human kindness.—<i>Quarterly Review.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>CRANIOLOGY.</h3> +<p>On a celebrated craniologist visiting the <i>studio</i> of a +celebrated sculptor in London, his attention was drawn to a bust +with a remarkable depth of skull from the forehead to the occiput. +"What a noble head," he exclaimed, "is that! full seven inches! +What superior powers of mind must he be endowed with, who possesses +such a head as is here represented!" "Why, yes," says the blunt +artist, "he certainly was a very extraordinary man—that is +the bust of my early friend and first patron, John Horne Tooke." +"Ay," answers the craniologist, "you see there is something after +all in our science, notwithstanding the scoffs of many of your +countrymen." "Certainly," says the sculptor; "but here is another +bust, with a greater depth and a still more capacious forehead." +"Bless me!" exclaims the craniologist, taking out his rule, "eight +inches! who can this be? this is indeed a head—in this there +can be no mistake; what depth of intellect, what profundity of +thought, must reside in that skull! this I am sure must belong to +some extraordinary and well-known character." "Why, yes," says the +sculptor, "he is pretty well known—it is the head of Lord +Pomfret."</p> +<hr /> +<h3>PRYNNE.</h3> +<p>Anthony A'Wood has informed us that when Prynne studied, "his +custom was to put on a long quilted cap, which came an inch over +his eyes, serving as an umbrella to defend them from too much +light, and seldom eating any dinner. He would be every three hours +munching a roll of bread, and now and then refresh his exhausted +spirits with ale."</p> +<hr /> +<h3>GERMAN STUDENTS.</h3> +<p>The German students are a set of young men who certainly pursue +their studies with zeal, but who nevertheless are more brutal in +conduct, more insolent in manner, more slovenly and ruffian-like in +appearance, and more offensive from the fumes of tobacco and beer, +onions and sourcrout, in which they are enveloped, than are to be +met with in any <span class="pagenum"><a name="page92" id= +"page92"></a>[pg 92]</span> other part of Europe. In a small town +of a small state a German university is a horrible nuisance; and +how the elegant court of Weimar, in particular, can tolerate the +existence of one within an hour's ride of its palace, where we have +seen ragamuffins fighting with broad-swords in the market-place, +moves "our special wonder." To the university of Bonn is attached a +rich collection of subjects in natural history, and a botanical +garden; and such is its success, from the celebrity of its +professors, among whom is numbered the illustrious William +Schlegel, that, Dr. Granville states, "there are at this time about +one thousand and twenty students who, for twenty pounds in +university and professors' fees, and forty more for living, get a +first-rate education." The climate and the situation on the banks +of the Rhine are most inviting; and a beautiful avenue of chestnut +trees, nearly a mile in length, joins the castle of Popplesdorf, +which contains the cabinets of natural history, with the +university.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>GREAT SEAL OF ENGLAND.</h3> +<p>The Great Seal itself, when not in the king's own custody, was +entrusted to the "Chancellor," whose salary, as fixed by Henry I., +amounted to five shillings per diem, besides a "livery" of +provisions. And the allowance of one pint and a half, or perhaps a +quart of claret, one "gross wax-light," and forty candle-ends, to +enable the Chancellor to carry on his housekeeping, may be +considered as a curious exemplification of primitive temperance and +economy.—<i>Quarterly Rev.</i></p> +<hr /> +<p>The good people of Weimar appear to be most enthusiastic lovers +of music, affording strong proofs of melomania. Every householder +of any importance subscribes an annual sum to a band of musicians, +who go round in long cloaks to each house, singing fugas and +canons, unaccompanied by instruments, in "the most beautiful and +correct style imaginable,"—something, we suppose, in the +style of the Tyrolese minstrels.—<i>Ibid.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>TRAVELLING.</h3> +<p>A friend of ours recently went to Russia by steam, and actually +breakfasted in Moscow the thirteenth morning after he left London. +There is now, he says, a road as good as that to Brighton over +three parts of the distance between St. Petersburg and +Moscow—what a change from 1812!—<i>Ibid.</i></p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>THE MURDER HOLE.</h3> +<h4><i>An Ancient Legend.</i></h4> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p class="i10">"Ah, frantic Fear!</p> +<p>I see, I see thee near;</p> +<p>I know thy hurried step, thy haggard eye!</p> +<p>Like thee I start, like thee disorder'd fly!</p> +<p class="i24">COLLINS.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>In a remote district of country belonging to Lord Cassillis, +between Ayrshire and Galloway, about three hundred years ago, a +moor of apparently boundless extent stretched several miles along +the road, and wearied the eye of the traveller by the sameness and +desolation of its appearance; not a tree varied the +prospect—not a shrub enlivened the eye by its +freshness—nor a native flower bloomed to adorn this ungenial +soil. One "lonesome desert" reached the horizon on every side, with +nothing to mark that any mortal had ever visited the scene before, +except a few rude huts that were scattered near its centre; and a +road, or rather pathway, for those whom business or necessity +obliged to pass in that direction. At length, deserted as this wild +region had always been, it became still more gloomy. Strange +rumours arose, that the path of unwary travellers had been beset on +this "blasted heath," and that treachery and murder had intercepted +the solitary stranger as he traversed its dreary extent. When +several persons, who were known to have passed that way, +mysteriously disappeared, the inquiries of their relatives led to a +strict and anxious investigation; but though the officers of +justice were sent to scour the country, and examine the +inhabitants, not a trace could be obtained of the persons in +question, nor of any place of concealment which could be a refuge +for the lawless or desperate to horde in. Yet, as inquiry became +stricter, and the disappearance of individuals more frequent, the +simple inhabitants of the neighbouring hamlet were agitated by the +most fearful apprehensions. Some declared that the deathlike +stillness of the night was often interrupted by sudden and +preternatural cries of more than mortal anguish, which seemed to +arise in the distance; and a shepherd one evening, who had lost his +way on the moor, declared he had approached three mysterious +figures, who seemed struggling against each other with supernatural +energy, till at length one of them, with a frightful scream, +suddenly sunk into the earth.</p> +<p>Gradually the inhabitants deserted their dwellings on the heath, +and settled in distant quarters, till at length but one of the +cottages <span class="pagenum"><a name="page93" id="page93"></a>[pg +93]</span> continued to be inhabited by an old woman and her two +sons, who loudly lamented that poverty chained them to this +solitary and mysterious spot. Travellers who frequented this road +now generally did so in groups to protect each other; and if night +overtook them, they usually stopped at the humble cottage of the +old woman and her sons, where cleanliness compensated for the want +of luxury, and where, over a blazing fire of peat, the bolder +spirits smiled at the imaginary terrors of the road, and the more +timid trembled as they listened to the tales of terror and affright +with which their hosts entertained them.</p> +<p>One gloomy and tempestuous night in November, a pedlar-boy +hastily traversed the moor. Terrified to find himself involved in +darkness amidst its boundless wastes, a thousand frightful +traditions, connected with this dreary scene, darted across his +mind—every blast, as it swept in hollow gusts over the heath, +seemed to teem with the sighs of departed spirits—and the +birds, as they winged their way above his head, appeared, with loud +and shrill cries, to warn him of approaching dagger. The whistle +with which he usually beguiled his weary pilgrimage died away into +silence, and he groped along with trembling and uncertain steps, +which sounded too loudly in his ears. The promise of Scripture +occurred to his memory, and revived his courage. "I will be unto +thee as a rock in the desert, and as an hiding-place in the storm." +<i>Surely</i>, thought he, <i>though alone, I am not forsaken;</i> +and a prayer for assistance hovered on his lips.</p> +<p>A light now glimmered in the distance which would lead him, he +conjectured, to the cottage of the old woman; and towards that he +eagerly bent his way, remembering as he hastened along, that when +he had visited it the year before, it was in company with a large +party of travellers, who had beguiled the evening with those tales +of mystery which had so lately filled his brain with images of +terror. He recollected, too, how anxiously the old woman and her +sons had endeavoured to detain him when the other travellers were +departing; and now, therefore, he confidently anticipated a cordial +and cheering reception. His first call for admission obtained no +visible marks of attention, but instantly the greatest noise and +confusion prevailed within the cottage. They think it is one of the +supernatural visitants of whom the old lady talks so much, thought +the boy, approaching a window, where the light within showed him +all the inhabitants at their several occupations; the old woman was +hastily scrubbing the stone floor, and strewing it thickly over +with sand, while her two sons seemed with equal haste to be +thrusting something large and heavy into an immense chest, which +they carefully locked. The boy in a frolicsome mood, thoughtlessly +tapped at the window, when they all instantly started up with +consternation so strongly depicted on their countenances, that he +shrunk back involuntarily with an undefined feeling of +apprehension; but before he had time to reflect a moment longer, +one of the men suddenly darted out at the door, and seizing the boy +roughly by the shoulder, dragged him violently into the cottage. "I +am not what you take me for," said the boy, attempting to laugh, +"but only the poor pedlar who visited you last year."—"Are +you <i>alone?</i>" inquired the old woman, in a harsh, deep tone, +which made his heart thrill with apprehension. "Yes," said the boy, +"I am alone <i>here</i>; and alas!" he added, with a burst of +uncontrollable feeling, "I am alone in the wide world also! Not a +person exists who would assist me in distress, or shed a single +tear if I died this very night." "<i>Then</i> you are welcome!" +said one of the men with a sneer, while he cast a glance of +peculiar expression at the other inhabitants of the cottage.</p> +<p>It was with a shiver of apprehension, rather than of cold, that +the boy drew towards the fire, and the looks which the old woman +and her sons exchanged, made him wish that he had preferred the +shelter of any one of the roofless cottages which were scattered +near, rather than trust himself among persons of such dubious +aspect. Dreadful surmises flitted across his brain; and terrors +which he could neither combat nor examine imperceptibly stole into +his mind; but alone, and beyond the reach of assistance, he +resolved to smother his suspicions, or at least not increase the +danger by revealing them. The room to which he retired for the +night had a confused and desolate aspect; the curtains seemed to +have been violently torn down from the bed, and still hung in +tatters around it—the table seemed to have been broken by +some violent concussion, and the fragments of various pieces of +furniture lay scattered upon the floor. The boy begged that a light +might burn in his apartment till he was asleep, and anxiously +examined the fastenings of the door; but they seemed to have been +wrenched asunder on some former occasion, and were still left rusty +and broken.</p> +<p>It was long ere the pedlar attempted to compose his agitated +nerves to rest; but at length his senses began to "steep themselves +in <span class="pagenum"><a name="page94" id="page94"></a>[pg +94]</span> forgetfulness," though his imagination remained +painfully active, and presented new scenes of terror to his mind, +with all the vividness of reality. He fancied himself again +wandering on the heath, which appeared to be peopled with spectres, +who all beckoned to him not to enter the cottage, and as he +approached it, they vanished with a hollow and despairing cry. The +scene then changed, and he found himself again seated by the fire, +where the countenances of the men scowled upon him with the most +terrifying malignity, and he thought the old woman suddenly seized +him by the arms, and pinioned them to his side. Suddenly the boy +was startled from these agitated slumbers, by what sounded to him +like a cry of distress; he was broad awake in a moment, and sat up +in bed,—but the noise was not repeated, and he endeavoured to +persuade himself it had only been a continuation of the fearful +images which had disturbed his rest; when, on glancing at the door, +he observed underneath it a broad, red stream of blood silently +stealing its course along the floor. Frantic with alarm, it was but +the work of a moment to spring from his bed, and rush to the door, +through a chink of which, his eye nearly dimmed with affright he +could watch unsuspected whatever might be done in the adjoining +room.</p> +<p>His fear vanished instantly when he perceived that it was only a +<i>goat</i> that they had been slaughtering; and he was about to +steal into his bed again, ashamed of his groundless apprehensions, +when his ear was arrested by a conversation which transfixed him +aghast with terror to the spot.</p> +<p>"This is an easier job than you had yesterday," said the man who +held the goat. "I wish all the throats we've cut were as easily and +quietly done. Did you ever hear such a noise as the old gentleman +made last night! It was well we had no neighbour within a dozen of +miles, or they must have heard his cries for help and mercy."</p> +<p>"Don't speak of it," replied the other; "I was never fond of +bloodshed,"</p> +<p>"Ha, ha!" said the other with a sneer, "you say so, do you?"</p> +<p>"I do," answered the first, gloomily; "the Murder Hole is the +thing for me—<i>that</i> tells no tales—a single +scuffle—a single plunge—and the fellow's dead and +buried to your hand in a moment. I would defy all the officers in +Christendom to discover any mischief <i>there</i>."</p> +<p>"Ay, Nature did us a good turn when she contrived such a place +as that. Who that saw a hole in the heath, filled with clear water, +and so small that the long grass meets over the top of it, would +suppose that the depth is unfathomable, and that it conceals more +than forty people who have met their deaths there! it sucks them in +like a leech!"</p> +<p>"How do you mean to dispatch the lad in the next room?" asked +the old woman in an under tone. The elder son made her a sign to be +silent, and pointed towards the door where their trembling auditor +was concealed; while the other, with an expression of brutal +ferocity, passed his bloody knife across his throat.</p> +<p>The pedlar boy possessed a bold and daring spirit, which was now +roused to desperation; but in any open resistance the odds were so +completely against him, that flight seemed his best resource. He +gently stole to the window, and having by one desperate effort +broken the rusty bolt by which the casement had been fastened, he +let himself down without noise or difficulty. This betokens good, +thought he, pausing an instant in dreadful hesitation what +direction to take. This momentary deliberation was fearfully +interrupted by the hoarse voice of the men calling alound, "<i>The +boy has fled—let loose the bloodhound!</i>" These words sunk +like a death-knell on his heart, for escape appeared now +impossible, and his nerves seemed to melt away like wax in a +furnace. Shall I perish without a struggle! thought he, rousing +himself to exertion, and, helpless and terrified as a hare pursued +by its ruthless hunters, he fled across the heath. Soon the baying +of the bloodhound broke the stillness of the night, and the voice +of its masters sounded through the moor, as they endeavoured to +accelerate its speed,—panting and breathless the boy pursued +his hopeless career, but every moment his pursuers seemed to gain +upon his failing steps. The hound was unimpeded by the darkness +which was to him so impenetrable, and its noise rung louder and +deeper on his ear—while the lanterns which were carried by +the men gleamed near and distinct upon his vision.</p> +<p>At his fullest speed, the terrified boy fell with violence over +a heap of stones, and having nothing on but his shirt, he was +severely cut in every limb. With one wild cry to Heaven for +assistance, he continued prostrate on the earth, bleeding, and +nearly insensible. The hoarse voices of the men, and the still +louder baying of the dog, were now so near, that instant +destruction seemed inevitable,—already he felt himself in +their fangs, and the bloody knife of the assassin appeared +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page95" id="page95"></a>[pg +95]</span> to gleam before his eyes,—despair renewed his +energy, and once more, in an agony of affright that seemed verging +towards madness, he rushed forward so rapidly that terror seemed to +have given wings to his feet. A loud cry near the spot he had left +arose on his ears without suspending his flight. The hound had +stopped at the place where the Pedlar's wounds bled so profusely, +and deeming the chase now over, it lay down there, and could not be +induced to proceed; in vain the men beat it with frantic violence, +and tried again to put the hound on the scent,—the sight of +blood had satisfied the animal that its work was done, and with +dogged resolution it resisted every inducement to pursue the same +scent a second time. The pedlar boy in the meantime paused not in +his flight till morning dawned—and still as he fled, the +noise of steps seemed to pursue him, and the cry of his assassins +still sounded in the distance. Ten miles off he reached a village, +and spread instant alarm throughout the neighbourhood—the +inhabitants were aroused with one accord into a tumult of +indignation—several of them had lost sons, brothers, or +friends on the heath, and all united in proceeding instantly to +seize the old woman and her sons, who were nearly torn to pieces by +their violence. Three gibbets were immediately raised on the moor, +and the wretched culprits confessed before their execution to the +destruction of nearly fifty victims in the Murder Hole which they +pointed out, and near which they suffered the penalty of their +crimes. The bones of several murdered persons were with difficulty +brought up from the abyss into which they had been thrust; but so +narrow is the aperture, and so extraordinary the depth, that all +who see it are inclined to coincide in the tradition of the country +people that it is unfathomable. The scene of these events still +continues nearly as it was 300 years ago. The remains of the old +cottage, with its blackened walls (haunted of course by a thousand +evil spirits,) and the extensive moor, on which a more modern +<i>inn</i> (if it can be dignified with such an epithet) resembles +its predecessor in every thing but the character of its +inhabitants; the landlord is deformed, but possesses extraordinary +genius; he has himself manufactured a violin, on which he plays +with untaught skill,—and if any <i>discord</i> be heard in +the house, or any <i>murder</i> committed in it, this is his only +instrument. His daughter (who has never travelled beyond the heath) +has inherited her father's talent, and learnt all his tales of +terror and superstition, which she relates with infinite spirit; +but when you are led by her across the heath to drop a stone into +that deep and narrow gulf to which our story relates,—when +you stand on its slippery edge, and (parting the long grass with +which it is covered) gaze into its mysterious depths,—when +she describes, with all the animation of an <i>eye witness</i>, the +struggles of the victims grasping the grass as a last hope of +preservation, and trying to drag in their assassin as an expiring +effort of vengeance,—when you are told that for 300 years the +clear waters in this diamond of the desert have remained untasted +by mortal lips, and that the solitary traveller is still pursued at +night by the howling of the bloodhound,—it is <i>then +only</i> that it is possible fully to appreciate the terrors of THE +MURDER HOLE.</p> +<p><i>Blackwood's Magazine.</i></p> +<hr /> +<h3>DANCING.</h3> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I never to a ball will go,</p> +<p class="i2">That poor pretence for prancing,</p> +<p>Where Jenkins dislocates a toe,</p> +<p class="i2">And Tomkins <i>thinks</i> he's dancing:</p> +<p>And most I execrate that ball,</p> +<p class="i2">Of balls the most atrocious,</p> +<p>Held yearly in old Magog's hall,</p> +<p class="i2">The feasting and ferocious.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I execrate the mob, the squeeze,</p> +<p class="i2">The rough refreshment-scramble:</p> +<p>The dancers, keeping time with knees</p> +<p class="i2">That knock as down they amble;</p> +<p>Between two lines of bankers' clerks,</p> +<p class="i2">Stared at by two of loobies—</p> +<p>All mighty fine for city sparks,</p> +<p class="i2">But all and each one boobies:—</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Boobies with heads like poodle-dogs,</p> +<p class="i2">With curls like clew-lines dangling;</p> +<p>With limbs like galvanizing frogs,</p> +<p class="i2">And necks stiff-starched and strangling;</p> +<p>With pigeon-breasts and pigeon-wings,</p> +<p class="i2">And waists like wasps and spiders;</p> +<p>With whiskers like Macready's kings',</p> +<p class="i2">Mustachios like El Hyder's.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Miss Jones, the Moorfields milliner,</p> +<p class="i2">With Toilinet, the draper,</p> +<p>May waltz—for none are <i>willinger</i></p> +<p class="i2">To cut cloth or a caper.—</p> +<p>Miss Moses of the Minories,</p> +<p class="i2">With Mr. Wicks of Wapping,</p> +<p>May love such light tracasseries,</p> +<p class="i2">Such shuffle shoe and hopping:</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Miss Hicks, the belle of Holywell,</p> +<p class="i2">And pride of Norton Falgate,</p> +<p>In waltzing may the world excel,</p> +<p class="i2">Except Miss Hicks of Aldgate.</p> +<p>Well, let them—'tis their nature—twirl,</p> +<p class="i2">And Smiths adore their twirlings,</p> +<p>Which kill with envy every girl</p> +<p class="i2">That fingers lace at Urling's,</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I laugh while I lament to see</p> +<p class="i2">A fellow, made to measure</p> +<p>'Gainst grenadiers of six feet three,</p> +<p class="i2">"Die down the dance" with pleasure.</p> +<p>I laugh to see a man with thews</p> +<p class="i2">His way through Misses picking,</p> +<p>Like pig with tender pettitoes,</p> +<p class="i2">Or chicken-hearted chicken;</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>A tom-cat shod with walnut-shells,</p> +<p class="i2">A pony race in pattens,</p> +<p>A wagon-horse tricked out with bells,</p> +<p class="i2">A sow in silks and satins,</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page96" id="page96"></a>[pg +96]</span> +<p>A butcher's hair <i>en papillote</i>,</p> +<p class="i2">And lounging Piccadilly,</p> +<p>A clown in an embroidered coat,</p> +<p class="i2">Are not more gauche and silly.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Let atoms take their dusty dance,</p> +<p class="i2">But men are not corpuscles:</p> +<p>An Englishman's not made in France,</p> +<p class="i2">Nor wire and buckram muscles.</p> +<p>The manly leap, the breathing race,</p> +<p class="i2">The wrestle, or old cricket,</p> +<p>Give to the limbs a native grace—</p> +<p class="i2">So, here's for double-wicket.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Leave dancing to the women, Men—</p> +<p class="i2">In them it is becoming;—</p> +<p>I never tire to see them, when</p> +<p class="i2">Joe Hart his fiddle's strumming,</p> +<p>Or Colinet and mild Musard</p> +<p class="i2">Have set their hearts quadrilling;—</p> +<p>Then be each nymph a gay Brocard,</p> +<p class="i2">And every woman killing.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I love to see the pretty dears</p> +<p class="i2">Go lightly caracolling,</p> +<p>And drinking love at eyes and ears,</p> +<p class="i2">With every look their soul in!</p> +<p>I like to watch the swan-like grace</p> +<p class="i2">They show in minuetting.</p> +<p>It hits one's bosom's tenderest place,</p> +<p class="i2">To see them pirouetting.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>But when a measurer of tape</p> +<p class="i2">Turns butterfly and dandy,</p> +<p>Assumes their grace, their air, their shape,</p> +<p class="i2">I wish a pump were handy!</p> +<p>I never to such balls will go,</p> +<p class="i2">Those poor pretexts for prancing;</p> +<p>Where Jenkins dislocates his toe,</p> +<p class="i2">And Tomkins <i>thinks</i> he's dancing.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p><i>Monthly Magazine.</i></p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>THE GATHERER.</h2> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>SHAKSPEARE.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>FAMILY RECKONING.</h3> +<p>Two Irishmen lately met, who had not seen each other since their +arrival from Dublin's fair city. Pat exclaimed, "How are you, my +honey; how is Biddy Sulivan, Judy O'Connell, and Daniel O'Keefe?" +"Oh! my jewel," answered the other, "Biddy has got so many children +that she will soon be a grandfather; Judy has six, but they have no +father at all, for she never was married. And, as for Daniel, he's +grown so thin, that he is as thin as us both put together."</p> +<p>W. G. C.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>VARY-WEEL WHILE IT LASTS.</h3> +<p>Two old Scotch gentlemen, having left their better halves in the +Land o' Cakes, on quitting Covent Garden theatre were discussing +the merits of the play, the School for Scandal. "I was vary gled to +see Sir Peter and my Leddy Tizzle sic gude frinds agin, Mr. +M'Dougal, what think ye?" "Eh, mon, vary weel while it lasts, but +it's just Mrs. M'Dougal's way. I'se warrant they're at it agin +afore we are doon in our beds mon." Poor Sheridan should have heard +this himself.</p> +<hr /> +<p>One of his majesty's frigates being at anchor on a winter's +night, in a tremendous gale of wind, the ground broke, and she +began to drive. The lieutenant of the watch ran down to the captain +and awoke him from his sleep, and told him the anchor had come +home. "Well," said the captain, rubbing his eyes, "I think our +anchor is perfectly right, for who the d—— would stay +out such a night as this?"</p> +<p>W. G. C.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Beer was first introduced into England in 1492; into Scotland as +early as 1482. By the statute of King James I. one full quart of +the best beer or ale was to be sold for one penny, and two quarts +of small beer for one penny.</p> +<hr /> +<p>In the museum of Stuttgard, is a portrait of the Countess of +Salzburg, who, at the age of 50 years, had mustachios, whiskers, +and a beard, as long and as black as those of any man.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>TRIAL BY JURY.</h3> +<p>The following anecdote is given in "<i>Lettres tres sur +l'Angleterre par A. de Stael Holstein</i>." "King George III. once +gave directions for closing up a gate and a road in his own park at +Richmond, which had been free to foot passengers for many years. A +citizen of Richmond, who found the road convenient to the +inhabitants of that village, took up the cause of his neighbours. +He contended, that, although the thoroughfare might have been +originally an encroachment, it had become public property by the +lapse of time, and by prescriptive right, and that he should compel +the king to re-open it. He brought his suit, without hesitating, +into a court of justice, and gained his process."</p> +<hr /> +<p>This day is published, price 5s. with a Frontispiece, and thirty +other Engravings, the</p> +<p>ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR +1829.</p> +<p>The MECHANICAL department contains ONE HUNDRED New Inventions +and Discoveries, with 14 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> +<p>CHEMICAL, SEVENTY articles, with 2 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> +<p>NATURAL HISTORY, 135 New Facts and Discoveries, with 7 +<i>Engravings</i>.</p> +<p>ASTRONOMICAL and METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA—35 +articles—6 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> +<p>AGRICULTURE, GARDENING, and RURAL ECONOMY, 106 +<i>Articles</i>.</p> +<p>DOMESTIC ECONOMY 50 <i>Articles</i>.</p> +<p>USEFUL ARTS, 50 <i>Articles</i>.</p> +<p>FINE ARTS.</p> +<p>PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS.</p> +<p>MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER, &c.</p> +<p>"We hope the editor will publish a similar volume +annually."—<i>Gardener's Magazine.</i></p> +<hr /> +<hr class="full" /> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name= +"footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href= +"#footnotetag1">(return)</a> +<p>No. 162, vol. vi., of the MIRROR, contains a fine view of the +Minster. The first religious foundation here by the Christians was +about the year 672. The Minster was burnt down in 1137, and lay in +ruins till the year 1171. The late cathedral was completed about +the year 1370. Appended to our engraving is an accurate historical +and architectural description of the whole fabric.</p> +</blockquote> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name= +"footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href= +"#footnotetag2">(return)</a> +<p>The horn of Ulphus is one of the greatest curiosities in +possession of the church of York. It appears like the hollowed tusk +of an elephant, and the length of its curvature is from 18 to 24 +inches. It is the title deed by which the church of St. Peters +holds lands to a considerable value, given to it before the +Heptarchy by Ulphus, king of Deira and Northumbria. It is said, +that when he presented it to the church, he filled it with wine, +which he drank off to its future success. If the story be true, +Ulphus must have been one of the most strong-headed, as well as one +of the must pious kings of his day; for the draught which he is +alleged to have swallowed would be sufficient to upset the sobriety +of any two men, such as men now are. The horn was preserved by the +successive possessors of St. Peter's with the most careful +affection during all the commotions of the Danish and Norman +invasions; but was stolen from them in the general confusion which +pervaded the city of York after the battle of Marston-moor and it +was delivered up to the Parliamentarian forces under the command of +Lord Fairfax and Cromwell. By some of the accidents of war, it came +into the possession of Lord Fairfax, who is reported to have +purchased it of a common soldier. On the restoration of Charles +II., when church-properly was again secure, his lordship restored +it to the cathedral; and there is now an inscription upon it, +recording the gratitude of the Dean and Chapter for having so +valuable a possession restored them. It has now escaped singularly +enough from the destruction which has fallen upon the other +curiosities which were usually kept in the vestry-room; and +remains, as it has done for years past, to be sounded by all those +strong-winded visiters of the Minster who have strength enough to +blow it.</p> +</blockquote> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name= +"footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a href= +"#footnotetag3">(return)</a> +<p>Shakspeare must have derived from this hint, the similar +transformation in "The Midsummer Night's Dream."</p> +</blockquote> +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + +***** This file should be named 10950-h.htm or 10950-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/9/5/10950/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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