diff options
Diffstat (limited to '9922-8.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | 9922-8.txt | 1876 |
1 files changed, 1876 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/9922-8.txt b/9922-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ee07f29 --- /dev/null +++ b/9922-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1876 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, Vol. 10, Issue 267, August 4, 1827, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 10, Issue 267, August 4, 1827 + +Author: Various + +Posting Date: December 6, 2011 [EBook #9922] +Release Date: February, 2006 +First Posted: October 31, 2003 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AUGUST 4, 1827 *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and Project Gutenberg +Distributed Proofreaders + + + + + + + + + + + + +THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + +VOL. 10, No. 267.] SATURDAY, AUGUST 4, 1827. [PRICE 2d. + + + + * * * * * + + + + +HADLEY CHURCH. + +[Illustration] + + +Hadley, Mankin, or Monkton, Hadley, was formerly a hamlet to Edmonton. +It lies north-west of Enfield, and comprises 580 acres, including 240 +allotted in lieu of the common enclosure of Enfield Chase. Its name is +compounded of two Saxon words--Head-leagh, or a high place; Mankin is +probably derived from the connexion of the place with the abbey of +Walden, to which it was given by Geoffrey de Mandeville, earl of Essex, +under the name of the Hermitage of Hadley. The village is situated on +the east side of the great north road, eleven miles from London. + +The manor belonged to the Mandevilles, the founder of the Hermitage, and +was given by Geoffrey to the monks of Walden; in the ensuing two +centuries the manorial property underwent various transmissions, and was +purchased by the Pinney family, in the year 1791, by the present +proprietor, Peter Moore, Esq. + +The house of the late David Garrow, father to the present judge of that +name in the court of exchequer, is supposed to have been connected with +a monastic establishment. Chimney-pieces remain in _alto-relievo_: on +one is sculptured the story of Sampson; the other represents many +passages in the life of our Saviour, from his birth in the stall to his +death on the cross. + +The parish church, of which our engraving gives a correct view, is a +handsome structure, built at different periods. The chancel bears marks +of great antiquity, but the body has been built with bricks. At the west +end is a square tower, composed of flint, with quoins of freestone; on +one side is the date Anno Domini 1393, cut in stone--one side of the +stone bearing date in the sculptured device of a wing; the other that of +a rose. The figures denote the year 1494; the last, like the second +numerical, being the _half eight_, often used in ancient inscriptions. +The unique vestige of the middle ages, namely, a firepan, or pitchpot, +on the south-west tower of the church, was blown down in January, 1779 +and carefully repaired, though now not required for the purpose of +giving an alarm at the approach of a foe, by lighting pitch within it. +The church has been supposed to have been erected by Edward IV. as a +chapel for religious service, to the memory of those who fell in the +battle of Barnet in 1471. + +On the window of the north transcept are some remains of painted glass, +among which may be noticed the rebus of the Gooders, a family of +considerable consequence at Hadley in the fifteenth and sixteenth +centuries. This consists of a partridge with an ear of wheat in its +bill; on an annexed scroll is the word Gooder; on the capital of one of +the pillars are two partridges with ears of corn in the mouth, an +evident repetition of the same punning device, and it is probable the +Gooder's were considerable benefactors towards building the church. + +The almshouses for six decayed housekeepers were founded by Sir Roger +Willbraham in 1616, but so slenderly endowed that they do not produce +more than 9l.6s. annually. Major Delafonte, in 1762, increased the +annuity, which expired in 1805; but Mr. Cottrell gained by subscription +2375l. in trust. The father of the late Mr. Whitbread, the statesman, +subscribed the sum of 1000l. for the support of the almshouses. The +charity-school for girls was established in 1773, and was enlarged and +converted into a school of industry in 1800. Twenty girls in the +establishment receive annually the sum of 1l. towards clothing; thirty +girls besides the above are admitted to the benefit of education, on +paying the weekly sum of 2d. and succeed to the vacancies which occur in +the class more largely assisted. This charity is in like manner +supported by contributions on the inhabitants. The boys' school, +supported in the same way, which in 1804 amounted to the sum of 103l. +10s., has about seventy day-scholars; twenty are allowed 1l. towards +clothing, and instructed without any charge; the remainder pay +2d. weekly. + + * * * * * + + + +THE SKETCH BOOK. + +NO. XLIII. + + * * * * * + + +THE BUTCHER. + + +Wolsey, they tell us, was a butcher. An alliterative couplet too was +made upon him to that import:-- + + "By butchers born, by bishops bred, + How high his honour holds his haughty head." + +Notwithstanding which, however, and other similar allusions, there have +arisen many disputes touching the veracity of the assertion; yet, +doubtless, those who first promulgated the idea, were keen observers of +men and manners; and, probably, in the critical examination of the +Cardinal's character, discovered a particular trait which indubitably +satisfied them of his origin. + +Be this as it may, I am inclined to think there is certainly something +peculiarly characteristic in the butcher. + +The pursuit of his calling appears to have an influence upon his +manners, speech, and dress. Of all the days in the week, Saturday is the +choicest for seeing him to the best advantage. His hatless head, shining +with grease, his cheeks as ruddy as his mutton-chops, his sky-blue frock +and dark-blue apron, his dangling steel and sharp-set knife, which ever +and anon play an accompaniment to his quick, short--"Buy! buy!" are all +in good keeping with the surrounding objects. And although this be not +_killing_ day with him, he is particularly winning and gracious with the +serving-maids; who (whirling the large street-door key about their right +thumb, and swinging their marketing basket in their left hand) view the +well-displayed joints, undecided which to select, until Mr. Butcher +recommends a leg or a loin; and then he so very politely cuts off the +fat, in which his skilful hand is guided by the high or low price of +mutton fat in the market. He is the very antipode of a fop, yet no man +knows how to show a handsome _leg_ off to better advantage, or is +prouder of his _calves_. + +In his noviciate, when he shoulders the shallow tray, and whistles +cavalierly on his way in his sausage-meat-complexioned-jacket, there is +something marked as well in his character as his _habits_, he is never +_moved_ to stay, except by a brother butcher, or a fight of dogs or +boys, for such scenes fit his singular fancy. Then, in the discussion of +his bull-dog's beauties, he becomes extraordinarily eloquent. Hatiz, the +Persian, could not more warmly, or with choicer figure, describe his +mistress' charms, than he does Lion's, or Fowler's, or whatever the +brute's Christian name may be; and yet the surly, cynical, _dogged_ +expression of the bepraised beast, would almost make one imagine he +understood the meaning of his master's words, and that his honest nature +despised the flattering encomiums he passes upon his pink belly and +legs, his broad chest, his ring-tail, and his tulip ears!--_Absurdities, +in Prose and Verse._ + + * * * * * + + +CONFIDENCE AND CREDIT. + +(_For the Mirror._) + + + The day was dark, the markets dull, + The Change was thin, Gazettes were full, + And half the town was breaking; + The _counter-sign_ of Cash was "_Stop_!" + Bankers and bankrupts shut up shop, + And honest hearts were aching. + + When near the Bench my fancy spied + A faded form, with hasty stride, + Beneath Grief's burden stooping: + Her name was CREDIT, and she said + Her father, TRADE, was lately dead, + Her mother, COMMERCE, drooping. + + The smile that she was wont to wear + Was wither'd by the hand of care, + Her eyes had lost their lustre: + Her character was gone, she said, + For she had basely been betray'd, + And nobody would trust her. + + For honest INDUSTRY had tried + To gain fair CREDIT for his bride, + And found the damsel willing, + But, ah! a _fortune-hunter_ came, + And SPECULATION was his name, + A rake not worth a shilling. + + The villain came, on mischief bent, + And soon gain'd dad and mam's consent-- + Ah! then poor CREDIT smarted;-- + He filch'd her fortune and her fame, + He fix'd a blot upon her name, + And left her broken-hearted. + + While thus poor CREDIT seem'd to sigh, + Her cousin, CONFIDENCE, came by-- + (Methinks he must be clever)-- + For, when he whisper'd in her ear, + She check'd the sigh, she dried the tear. + And smiled as sweet as ever! + +JESSE HAMMOND. + + * * * * * + + +CURIOUS SCRAPS RELATING TO CELEBRATED PERSONS. + +(_For the Mirror._) + + +When the famous Cornelia, daughter of the great Scipio, was importuned +by a lady of her acquaintance to show her toilette, she deferred +satisfying her curiosity till her children, who were the famous Gracchi, +came from school, and then said, "_En! haec ornamenta mea +sunt._"--"These are my ornaments." + +Cyneas, the minister of Pyrrhus, asked the king (before their expedition +into Italy) what he proposed to do when he had subdued the Romans? He +answered, "Pass into Sicily." "What then?" said the minister. "Conquer +the Carthaginians," replied the king. "And what follows that?" says the +minister. "Be sovereign of Greece, and then enjoy ourselves," said the +king. "And why," replied the sensible minister, "can we not do this +_last_ now?" + +The emperors Nerva, Trajan, Antoninous, and Aurelius sold their palaces, +their gold and silver plate, their valuable furniture, and other +superfluities, heaped up by their predecessors, and banished from their +tables all expensive delicacies. These princes, together with Vespasian, +Pertinax, Alexander, Severus, Claudius the Second, and Tacitus, who were +raised to the empire by their merit, and whom all ages have admired as +the greatest and the best of princes, were always fond of the greatest +plainness in their apparel, furniture, and outward appearance. + +Cortez, the conqueror of Mexico, who lived unknown and disgraced in +Spain, was scarcely able to obtain an audience of his master Charles V.; +and when the king asked who was the fellow that was so clamorous to +speak to him, he cried out, "I am one who have got your majesty more +provinces than your father left towns." + +Camoens, the famous Portuguese poet, was unfortunately shipwrecked at +the mouth of the river Meco, on the coast of Camboja, and lost his whole +property; however, he saved his life and his poems, which he bore +through the waves in one hand, whilst he swam ashore with the other. It +is said, that his black servant, a native of Java, who had been his +companion for many years, begged in the Streets of Lisbon for the +support of his master, who died in 1579. His death, it is supposed, was +accelerated by the anguish with which he foresaw the ruin impending over +his country. In one of his letters he uses these remarkable expressions: +"I am ending the course of my life; the world will witness how I have +loved my country. I have returned not only to die in her bosom, but to +die with her." + +Henrietta, daughter of Henry IV. of France, and wife of Charles I. of +England, was reduced to the utmost poverty; and her daughter, afterwards +married to a brother of Louis XIV., is said to have lain in bed for want +of coals to keep her warm. Pennant relates a melancholy fact of fallen +majesty in the person of Mary d'Este, the unhappy queen of James II., +who, flying with her infant prince from the ruin impending over their +house, after crossing the Thames from abdicated Whitehall, took shelter +beneath the ancient walls of Lambeth church a whole hour, from the rain +of the inclement night of December 6th, 1688. Here she waited with +aggravated misery till a common coach, procured from the next inn, +arrived, and conveyed her to Gravesend, from whence she sailed, and bid +adieu to this kingdom. + +Pascal, one of the greatest geniuses and best men that ever lived, +entertained a notion that God made men miserable here in order to their +being happy hereafter; and in consequence of this notion, he imposed +upon himself the most painful mortification. He even ordered a wall to +be built before a window in his study, which afforded him too agreeable +a prospect. He had also a girdle full of sharp points next his skin; and +while he was eating or drinking any thing that was grateful to his +palate, he was constantly pricking himself, that he might not be +sensible of any pleasure. The virtuous Fenelon submitted without reserve +to the arbitrary sentence of the pope, when he condemned a book which he +had published, and even preached in condemnation of his own book, +forbidding his friends to defend it. "What gross and humiliating +superstitions (says their biographer) have been manifested by men, in +other respects of sound and clear understandings, and of upright, +honest hearts." + +In the churchyard of St. Ann's, Soho, says Pennant, is a marble, erected +near the grave of that remarkable personage, Theodore Antony Newhoff, +king of Corsica, who died in this parish in 1756, immediately after +leaving the king's-bench prison, by the benefit of the act of +insolvency. The marble was erected, and the epitaph written, by the +honourable Horace Walpole:-- + + "The grave, great teacher, to a level brings + Heroes and beggars, galley-slaves and kings; + But Theodore this moral learn'd ere dead-- + Fate pour'd its lesson on his living head, + Bestow'd a kingdom, and denied him bread." + +He registered his kingdom of Corsica for the use of his creditors. His +biographer says, "He was a man whose claim to royalty was as +indisputable as the most ancient titles to any monarchy can pretend to +be; that is, the choice of his subjects, the voluntary election of an +injured people, who had the common right of mankind to freedom, and the +uncommon resolution of determining to be free." + +P.T.W. + + * * * * * + + +"THE LILY BELLS ARE WET WITH DEW." + +(_To the Editor of the Mirror._) + + +Sir,--I have taken the liberty of transmitting to you a piece of a Latin +ode, which appears to me to be the original of the song--"The lily bells +are wet with dew," in Miss Mitford's "Dramatic Scenes," which appeared +in your miscellany of June 23, 1827. + +It is copied from an old book published in the year 1697, by Charles +Elford, entitled "Gemmae Poetarum." + +If you think it worthy insertion, I should feel obliged by its +appearance. Yours respectfully, + +J.T.S. + + Lilia rorescuut, jubara osculo blande rosarum + Florem tangunt--ô, dives odore, + O, splendens tinctû floretum--est ... + Surge Feronia, et sertum texe + Cæsariem nunc implectare tuum coracinum + Ne æstu medio sol flores abripiat. + In coelo tenuis nubes est, lenta susurra + Cum aurâ veniunt--aut imbrem vaticinans + Aut nivem: orire, Feronia, crinem stringere cauté + Sertum age, ne veniat tempestas minitans. + +I have translated it thus, which you may perceive is strictly literal:-- + + The lilies are wet with the dew--the sunbeams with a kiss + gently touch the flower of the roses.--O the garden is rich of + scent--is bright of hue.--Arise Feronia and weave the garland + even now to braid thy ravenlike hair, lest at mid-day the sun + should spoil the flowers.--In the sky there is a little cloud, + gentle whisperings come with the gale--they tell of rain or + snow.--Arise Feronia and carefully weave the garland to bind up + thy hair, lest the threatening storm should come. + + * * * * * + + + +ASTRONOMICAL OCCURRENCES FOR AUGUST, 1827. + +(_For the Mirror._) + + +It has been computed, that all the celestial orbs perceived by the +unassisted eye (which on a clear night never exceed 1,000,) do not form +the 80,000 part of those which may be descried by the help of a +telescope, through which they appear prodigiously increased in number; +seventy stars have been counted in the constellation of the _pleiades_, +and no fewer than 2,000 in that of _Orion_. + +The _galaxy_, or _via lactea_, (milky way,) is a remarkable appearance +in the heavens, being a broad ray of whitish colour surrounding the +whole celestial concave, whose light proceeds from vast clusters of +stars, discoverable only by the telescope. Mr. Brydone, in his journey +to the top of Mount Etna, found the phenomenon make a most glorious +appearance, "like a pure flame that shot across the heavens." + +Dr. Herschel made many observations on this portion of the heavens, +using a Newtonian reflector of twenty feet focal length, and an aperture +of eighteen inches. With this powerful telescope he completely resolved +the whitish appearance into stars, which the telescopes he had formerly +used had not light enough to do. In the most vacant place to be met with +in that neighbourhood, he found sixty-three stars; other six fields, or +apparent spaces in the heavens, which he could see at once through his +telescope, averaged seventy-nine stars in each field: thus he found that +by allowing 15 min. of a deg. for the diameter of his field of view, a +belt of 15 deg. long, and 2 deg. broad, which he had often seen pass +before his telescope in an hour's time could not contain less than +50,000 stars, large enough to be distinctly numbered, besides which he +suspected twice as many more, which could be seen only now and then by +faint glimpses, for want of sufficient light. In the most crowded part +of that region he informs us, he has had fields of view which contained +no less than 588 stars, and these were continued for many minutes, so +that in one quarter of an hour's time there passed no less than 116,000 +stars. He also intimates the probability of the sun being placed in this +great stratum, though perhaps not in the very centre of its thickness. + +From the appearance of the galaxy it seems to encompass the whole +heavens, as it certainly must if the sun be within the same. From +succeeding observations made by Dr. Herschel, he gathers that the milky +way is a most extensive stratum of stars of various sizes, and our sun +evidently one of the heavenly bodies belonging to it. In viewing and +gauging this shining zone in almost every direction, he found the number +of stars composing it, by the account of those gauges constantly +increase and decrease in proportion to its apparent brightness to the +naked eye. + +The _nebulæ_, or small whitish specks, discoverable by telescopes in +various parts of the heavens are owing to the same cause. Former +astronomers could only reckon 103, but Herschel counts upwards of 1,250. +He has also discovered a species of them, which he calls planetary +nebulæ, on account of their brightness, and shining with a well +defined disk. + +The sun enters _Virgo_ on the 23rd at 11h. 42m. evening. + +Mercury comes to his inferior conjunction on the 13th at 1-1/4h. +morning, becomes stationary on the 22nd, and is at his greatest +elongation on the 31st, when he passes his ascending node; he may be +seen early on that morning rising at 3-1/2h. + +Venus is in conjunction with Mars on the 21st at 3h. afternoon; she +rises on the 1st at 2h. 38m., and on the 31st at 4h. 10m. morning. + +Jupiter still continues a conspicuous object in the western part of the +heavens, setting on the 1st at 9h. 43m., and on the 31st at 8h. None of +the eclipses of his satellites are visible during the month in +consequence of his being so near the sun. + +Herschel comes to the south on the 1st at 11h. 6m., and on the 31st at +9h. 43m. evening. + +_Spica virginis_ (the virgin's spike), in the constellation Virgo +culminates on the 1st at 4h. 32m. afternoon, being situated 10 deg. 13m. +south of the equator, at a meridional elevation of 28 deg. 26m. +_Arcturus_ in Bootes south at 5h. 23m. with 20 deg. north delineation, +and at an altitude of 58 deg. 46m. _Antares_ in the heart of Scorpio at +7h. 34m., declination 26 deg. south, elevation 12 deg. 38m. _Altair_ in +the Eagle at 10h. 57m., declination 8 deg. 24m. north, altitude 47 deg. +3m. _Fomalhaut_ in the most southern fish of the constellation Pisces at +2h. 6m. morning, having a southern declination of 30 deg. 34m., being +elevated only 8 deg. 5m. above the horizon. The above stars come to the +meridian 4 min. earlier every evening; they are all of the first +magnitude (with the exception of _Altair_, which is of the second,) and +may be easily distinguished any hour of the day with a magnifying power +of thirty times; stars of the second magnitude require a power of 100, +but when the sun is not more than two hours above the horizon, they may +be seen with a power of sixty. + +PASCHE. + + * * * * * + + + +THE NOVELIST. + +NO. CVI. + + * * * * * + + +ROSALIE BERTON. + +(_Concluded from page 74._ [Note: Mirror 266]) + + +Things were in this state when I visited S----, and the union of Henri +and Rosalie, though not positively fixed, was regarded as an event by no +means distant. Every one was interested for the young and handsome +couple, and wished for their espousal. Rosalie's friends longed for the +day when she was to wed the young and handsome Henri; and Henri's +comrades were perpetually urging him to cement his union with the +lovely Rosalie. + +We left the place with every kind wish for the young and betrothed pair. +I have not since revisited S----, but by letters from my friend, I have +been informed, that this commencement of their loves had a sad and +melancholy sequel. + +After our departure, it seems, the lovers continued equally attached; +arrangements were making for their union, and it was intended that Henri +should leave the army previous to their marriage. But just at this +juncture, and as he was about to leave his corps, rumours of war were +circulated, the enterprise against Spain was projected, and the royal +guard was one of the first corps ordered for service. Henri, with the +natural enthusiasm of a soldier, felt all his former ardour revive; and +longed to mingle in the ranks of glory, ere he left them for ever. He, +doubtless, felt severely the separation from Rosalie; yet his feelings +were described to me as being of a joyous character, and as if evincing +that he felt happy that the opportunity of joining his brethren in arms, +and of signalizing himself perhaps for the last time, had presented +itself, previous to his marriage and his quitting the service. + +The enterprise against Spain, he considered as the French army commonly +did, to be a mere excursion of pleasure, which, while it led them into a +country which many of them had never visited before, would also afford +them the occasion of gathering laurels which might serve to redeem +somewhat of their lost glory. He therefore looked forward to the +expedition, on the whole, with feelings of ardour and delight, and even +longed for its approach. Not so Rosalie! She looked on war and bloodshed +with the natural apprehensions of her sex; and saw in the projected +expedition, and its prospects of glory, only danger and death to her +lover! Her spirits received a severe shock when the intelligence was +first communicated--she gradually lost her cheerfulness and spirits; the +song, the dance, had no longer charm or interest for her, and she could +only contemplate the approaching separation with sorrow and dismay! + +Henri perceived her depression, and endeavoured to combat and remove her +fears by arguments fond, but unavailing. It was only, he would urge, a +jaunt of pleasure; it would admit his speedy return, when he would come +to lay his services at her feet, and claim the hand which was already +promised to his hopes; and surely, then, Rosalie could not regret his +obeying the call of duty and of honour; or like her lover the worse, +when crowned with victory in the cause of his country. To these and +similar assurances, Rosalie could only reply with the mute eloquence of +tears; and nothing could divest her of the apprehension with which she +ever regarded an enterprise which she seemed to consider from the +first as fatal. + +The time however drew on, the dreaded period arrived, the Royal Guard +left its quarters, and departed from S----. Henri took a fond and +passionate adieu of his betrothed; and Rosalie, having summoned all her +fortitude to her aid, went through the parting scene with more firmness +than could have been expected from her, though her feelings, afterwards, +were described as of the most agonizing kind. + +Such is the difference between the ardent feelings of man, and the +tender and gentle sympathies of woman, that, while his sorrow is +alleviated by a thousand mitigating circumstances of ardour and +excitement, which relieve his attention, and soothe, though they do not +annihilate his grief; she can only brood over her feelings, and suffer +in silence and in sorrow. Henri marched out with his regiment in all the +vigour of manhood, and with all the "pomp, pride, and circumstance of +war," while Rosalie could only retire to her chamber and weep. + +Time passed on; letters were received from Henri, which spoke in ardent +terms of his journey, and of the new and singular scenes unfolded to his +view. He adverted also to his return, mentioned the war as a mere +pastime, and as an agreeable jaunt, the termination of which he only +desired, because it would once more restore him to his Rosalie. It was +remarked, however, that she never recovered her cheerfulness; to all her +lover's assurances she could only reply with expressions of distrust, +and with feelings of sorrow; and when she wrote, it was to express her +fears of the campaign, and her wish that it were over, and that they +were again united in safety. + +And constantly did the good and pious girl offer up her prayers for her +lover, as she repaired to the church of the Holy Virgin at S----, to +perform her daily devotions. + +The season advanced: the French marched through Spain, and reached +Cadiz. At this last hope of the Constitutionalists, a strong resistance +was expected, and Henri had written from Seville, that his next letter +would announce the termination of the campaign. Alas! he never wrote +again! Time flew on; the journals announced the fall of the Trocadero; +the surrender of Cadiz, and the restoration of Ferdinand; yet there came +no news from Henri! Then did the gentle girl sink into all the +despondency of disappointment; and as day after day passed and brought +no tidings of her lover, her beauty and her health suffered alike, she +languished and pined till she scarce retained the semblance of her +former self. + +At last came a letter; it was from Spain, but it was written in a +stranger's hand, and its sable appendages bespoke the fatal nature of +its contents. It was from a brother officer of Henri, stating that his +regiment had been foremost in the attack, and that the Trocadero, the +last resource of the Constitutionalists, had been carried with the loss +of but few killed; but, alas! among that few, was Henri! He was shot +through the body while leading his men to the assault. He fell instantly +dead, and the writer expressed his desire that the sad intelligence +should be conveyed as gently as possible to Rosalie. + +Unhappily, by one of those chances which often occur, as if to aggravate +misfortune, it was Rosalie who received the fatal letter from the +postman's hands! She tore it open; read its dreadful contents; and with +a wild and frenzied shriek, fell senseless to the ground! She was borne +to her bed, where every care and attention was bestowed; but her illness +rapidly assumed a threatening and a dangerous character. A fever seized +her frame; she became at once delirious; nor did reason again resume her +throne; and it was not till after months of suffering and agony, that +she recovered, if that could be called recovery, which gave back a +deformed and hapless lunatic, bereft of intellect and of beauty, in +place of the once gay and fascinating Rosalie. The dread aberration of +intellect was attributed by her medical attendants to the fatal and +sudden shock which she had sustained, and to its effect on a mind +weakened by previous anxiety and sorrow; while they feared her malady +was of a nature, which admitted no hope of the return of reason. + +Her mind, it was stated, remained an entire blank. Imbecile, vacant, +drivelling--she appeared almost unconscious of former existence; and of +those subjects which formerly engrossed her attention, and excited her +feelings, there were scarcely any on which she now evinced any emotion. +Even the name of her lover was almost powerless on her soul, and if +repeated in her hearing, seemed scarcely to call forth her notice. + +One only gift remained, in all its native pathos, tenderness, and +beauty--her voice, so sweet before her illness, seemed, amid the wreck +of youth, and joy, and love, and all that was charming and endeared, to +have only become sweeter still! She was incapable or unwilling to learn +any new airs, but she would occasionally recollect snatches of former +songs or duets, which she and Henri had sung together, and she would +pour the simple melodies in strains of more than mortal sweetness! + +This, alas! was the only relic of former talent or taste that she +retained; in all other respects, her mind and body, instead of evincing +symptoms of recovery, seemed to sink in utter hopelessness and despair; +and an early tomb seems to be the best and kindest boon which heaven, in +its mercy, can bestow, on the once fair and fascinating Rosalie! + +_Tales of all Nations._ + + * * * * * + + +ANECDOTES AND RECOLLECTIONS. + + Notings, selections, + Anecdote and joke: + Our recollections; + With gravities for graver folk. + + * * * * * + + +TAVERNS AND CLUB-HOUSES. + + +Almost every tavern of note about town hath or had its club. The Mermaid +Tavern is immortalized as the house resorted to by Shakspeare, Jonson, +Fletcher, and Beaumont; the Devil--which, Pennant informs us, stood on +the site of Child's-place, Temple Bar--was the scene of many a merry +meeting of the choice spirits in old days; at Will's Coffee-house, in +the Augustan age of English literature, societies were held to which +Steele, and Pope, and Addison belonged; Doctor Johnson, Hawkesworth, the +elder Salter, and Sir John Hawkins, were members of a club formerly held +at the King's-head, in Ivy-lane; the notorious Dick England, Dennis +O'Kelly, and Hull, with their associates, had, many years ago, a +sporting-club at Munday's Coffee-house; the Three Jolly Pigeons, in +Butcher-hall-lane, was formerly the gathering place of a set of old +school bibliopoles, who styled themselves the Free and Easy Counsellors +under the Cauliflower; stay-maker Hugh Kelly, Goldsmith, Ossian +Macpherson, Garrick, Cumberland, and the Woodfalls, with several noted +men of that day, were concerned in a club at the St. James's +Coffee-house; the Kit-Cat, which took its name from one Christopher Cat, +a pastry-cook, was held at a tavern in King-street, Westminster; +Button's--but truly the task of enumerating the several clubs, of which +we find notices "in the books," as the lawyers have it, would be +endless.--_Every Night Book_. + + +CONVERSATION OF WOMEN. + + +The usual conversation of ordinary women very much cherishes the natural +weakness of being taken with outside appearance. Talk of a new-married +couple, and you immediately hear whether they keep their coach-and-six, +or eat in plate. Mention the name of an absent lady, and it is ten to +one but you learn something of her gown and petticoat. A ball is a great +help to discourse, and a birthday furnishes conversation for a +twelvemonth after. A furbelow of precious stones, a hat buttoned with a +diamond, a brocade waistcoat or petticoat, are standing topics. +--_Addison_. + + +BILDERDYK. + + +William Bilderdyk, admired as the first poet that modern Holland has +produced, and not less distinguished by the brilliant qualities of his +mind, did not, in his youth, seem to show any happy disposition for +study. His father, who formed an unfavourable opinion of his talents, +was much distressed, and frequently reproached him in severe terms for +his inattention and idleness, to which young Bilderdyk did not appear to +pay much attention. In 1776, the father, with a newspaper in his hand, +came to stimulate him, by showing the advertisement of a prize offered +by the Society of Leyden, and decreed to the author of a piece of +poetry, signed with these words, "An Author 18 years old," who was +invited to make himself known. "You ought to blush, idler," said old +Bilderdyk to his son. "Here is a boy only of your age, and though so +young, is the pride and happiness of his parents; and you----." "It is +myself," answered young William, throwing himself into his +father's arms. + + +SIR ANTHONY CARLISLE, + + +Who has often filled the anatomical chair at the Royal Academy, is no +less abstruse and instructive than pleasant and amusing. His +illustrative anecdotes are always excellent, and his way of telling them +quite dramatic. We have found him even more agreeable as a private +talker than as a lecturer; he is rich in the old lore of England--he +will hunt a phrase through several reigns--propose derivations for words +which are equally ingenious and learned--follow a proverb for +generations back, and discuss on the origin of language as though he had +never studied aught beside: he knows more than any other person we ever +met with of the biography of talented individuals--in the philosophy of +common life he is quite an adept--a capital chronologist--a man of fine +mind and most excellent memory: his experience has, of course, been very +great, and he has taken good advantage of it. We remember he once amused +us for half a day by adducing instances of men who, although possessed +of mean talents, had enabled themselves to effect wonders, by simply +hoarding in their minds, and subsequently acting upon, an immense number +of facts: from this subject we naturally enough fell into a discourse on +the importance, in many cases and situations, of attending to trifles. +As a proof of this, he mentioned a circumstance which occurred to an +eminent surgeon within his own memory; it was as follows: A gentleman, +residing about a post-stage from town, met with an accident which +eventually rendered amputation of a limb indispensable. The surgeon +alluded to was requested to perform the operation, and went from town +with two pupils to the gentleman's house, on the day appointed, for that +purpose. The usual preliminaries being arranged, he proceeded to +operate; the tourniquet was applied, the flesh divided, and the bone +laid bare, when, to his astonishment and horror, he discovered that his +instrument-case was without the saw! Here was a situation! Luckily his +presence of mind did not forsake him. Without apprising his patient of +the terrible fact, he put one of his pupils into his carriage, and told +the coachman to gallop to town. It was an hour and a half before the saw +was obtained, and during all that time the patient lay suffering. The +agony of the operator, though great, was scarcely a sufficient +punishment for his neglect in not seeing that all his instruments were +in the case before he started. + +Basil Montagu, the water drinking barrister, who was present during the +narration of this anecdote, and the previous discussion, mentioned +another instance of the propriety of noticing those minor circumstances +in life, which are usually suffered to pass unheeded by people in +general. A man of talent was introduced into a company of strangers; he +scarcely spoke after his first salutation until he wished the party good +night. Almost every one dubbed him a fool; the lady hostess, who, be it +remarked, had not been previously informed of the abilities of her new +guest, was of a different opinion, "I am sure," said she, "that you are +all wrong; for, though he said nothing, I remarked that _he always +laughed in the right place_."--_Every Night Book_. + + * * * * * + + +A FACT. + + + Pat went to his mistress: "My lady, your mare + _In harness_, goes well as a dray-horse, I swear: + I tried, as you're thinking to sell her, or let her, + For _coming on_ thus, she'll _go off_ all the better." + + "Twas very well thought of" the lady replied, + "You've acted a sensible part. + But Patrick, pray tell me the day that you tried, + Of whom did you borrow the cart?" + + "The _cart_? why, she _walk'd_ well _in harness_, I saw, + But I thought not, by no _manes_, to try if she'd _draw_; + For says I, by Saint Patrick, who, her comes to view, + To tell him, she has been 'in harness' will do!" + +M.L.B. + + * * * * * + + + +THE MONTHS. + +AUGUST. + + +[Illustration] + + All around + The yellow sheaves, catching the burning beam, + Glow, golden lustre. + +MRS. ROBINSON. + + +This is the month of harvest. The crops usually begin with rye and oats, +proceed with wheat, and finish with pease and beans. Harvest-home is +still the greatest rural holiday in England, because it concludes at +once the most laborious and most lucrative of the farmer's employments, +and unites repose and profit. Thank heaven, there are, and must be, +seasons of some repose in agricultural employments, or the countryman +would work with as unceasing a madness, and contrive to be almost as +diseased and unhealthy as the citizen. But here again, and for the +reasons already mentioned, our holiday-making is not what it was. Our +ancestors used to burst into an enthusiasm of joy at the end of harvest, +and even mingled their previous labour with considerable merry-making, +in which they imitated the equality of the earlier ages. They crowned +the wheat-sheaves with flowers, they sung, they shouted, they danced, +they invited each other, or met to feast as at Christmas, in the halls +of rich houses; and, what was a very amiable custom, and wise beyond the +commoner wisdom that may seem to lie on the top of it, every one that +had been concerned, man, woman, and child, received a little present, +ribbons, laces, or sweetmeats. + +The number of flowers is now sensibly diminished. Those that flower +newly are nigella, zinnias, polyanthuses, love-apples, mignonette, +capsicums, Michaelmas daisies, auriculus, asters or stars, and +China-asters. The additional trees and shrubs in flower are the +tamarisk, altheas, Venetian sumach, pomegranates, the beautiful +passion-flower, the trumpet flower, and the virgin's bower or clematis, +which is such a quick and handsome climber. But the quantity of fruit is +considerably multiplied, especially that of pears, peaches, apricots, +and grapes. And if the little delicate white flowers have at last +withdrawn from the hot sun, the wastes, marshes, and woods are dressed +in the luxuriant attire of ferns and heaths, with all their varieties of +green, purple, and gold. A piece of waste land, especially where the +ground is broken up into little inequalities, as Hampstead-heath, for +instance, is now a most bright as well as picturesque object; all the +ground, which is in light, giving the sun, as it were, gold for gold. +Mignonette, intended to flower in winter, should now be planted in pots, +and have the benefit of a warm situation. Seedlings in pots should have +the morning sunshine, and annuals in pots be frequently watered. + +In the middle of this month, the young goldfinch broods appear, lapwings +congregate, thistle-down floats, and birds resume their spring songs:--a +little afterwards flies abound in windows, linnets congregate, and bulls +make their shrill autumnal bellowing; and towards the end the beech tree +turns yellow,--the first symptom of approaching autumn.[1] + + [1] _The Months_. + + * * * * * + + + +SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. + + * * * * * + + +LEOPARD-HUNTING. + + +The leopard of Southern Africa is known among the Cape colonists by the +name of tiger; but is, in fact, the real leopard, the _Felis jubata_ of +naturalists, well known for the beauty of its shape and spotted skin, +and the treachery and fierceness of its disposition. The animal called +leopard (_luipaard_) by the Cape Dutch boors, is a species of the +panther, and is inferior to the real leopard in size and beauty. Both of +them are dreaded in the mountainous districts on account of the ravages +which they occasionally commit among the flocks, and on the young cattle +and horses in the breeding season. + +The South African panther is a cowardly animal, and, like the hyena, +flies from the face of man. The leopard also, though his low, +half-smothered growl is frequently heard by night, as he prowls like an +evil spirit around the cottage or the kraal, will seldom or never attack +mankind, (children excepted,) unless previously assailed or exasperated. +When hunted, as he usually is with dogs, he instinctively betakes +himself to a tree, when he falls an easy prey to the shot of the +huntsman. The leopard, however, though far inferior in strength and +intrepidity to the lion, is yet an exceedingly active and furious +animal; and when driven to extremity, proves himself occasionally an +antagonist not to be trifled with. The colonists relate many instances +of arduous and even fatal encounters with the hunted leopard. The +following is one of these adventures, which occurred in a frontier +district in 1822, as described by one of the two individuals so +perilously engaged in it. + +Two boors returning from hunting the Hartebeest, (_antelope bubalis_,) +fell in with a leopard in a mountain ravine, and immediately gave chase +to him. The animal at first endeavoured to escape by clambering up a +precipice; but being hotly pressed, and slightly wounded by a +musket-ball, he turned upon his pursuers with that frantic ferocity +which on such emergencies he frequently displays, and springing upon the +man who had fired at him, tore him from his horse to the ground, biting +him at the same time very severely in the shoulder, and tearing his face +and arms with his talons. The other hunter, seeing the danger of his +comrade, (he was, if I mistake not, his brother,) sprung from his horse, +and attempted to shoot the leopard through the head; but, whether owing +to trepidation, or the fear of wounding his friend, or the sudden +motions of the animal, he unfortunately missed. + +The leopard, abandoning his prostrate enemy, darted with redoubled fury +upon this second antagonist; and so fierce and sudden was his onset, +that before the boor could stab him with his hunting-knife, he had +struck him in the eyes with his claws, and torn the scalp over his +forehead. In this frightful condition the hunter grappled with the +raging beast, and struggling for life, they rolled together down a steep +declivity. All this passed so rapidly, that the other boor had scarcely +time to recover from the confusion in which his feline foe had left him, +to seize his gun, and rush forward to aid his comrade, when he beheld +them rolling together down the steep bank in mortal conflict. In a few +moments he was at the bottom with them, but too late to save the life of +his friend. The leopard had torn open the jugular vein, and so +dreadfully mangled the throat of the unfortunate man, that his death was +inevitable; and his comrade had only the melancholy satisfaction of +completing the destruction of the savage beast, already exhausted with +several deep wounds in the breast from the desperate knife of the +expiring huntsman.--_London Weekly Review_. + + * * * * * + + +GLOAMING. + +BY DELTA. + + + There is a beauty in the grey twilight, + Which minds unmusical can never know, + A holy quietude, that yields to woe + A pulseless pleasure, fraught with pure delight: + The aspect of the mountains huge, that brave + And bear upon their breasts the rolling storms; + And the soft twinkling of the stars, that pave + Heaven's highway with their bright and burning forms; + The rustle of the dark boughs overhead: + The murmurs of the torrent far away; + The last notes of the blackbird, and the bay + Of sullen watch-dog, from the far farm-stead-- + All waken thoughts of Being's early day, + Loves quench'd, hopes past, friends lost, and pleasures fled. + +_Blackwood's Magazine_. + + * * * * * + + +ON READING NEW BOOKS. + + +There is a fashion in reading as well as in dress, which lasts only for +a season. One would imagine that books were, like women, the worse for +being old;[2] that they have a pleasure in being read for the first +time; that they open their leaves more cordially; that the spirit of +enjoyment wears out with the spirit of novelty; and that, after a +certain age, it is high time to put them on the shelf. This conceit +seems to be followed up in practice. What is it to me that another--that +hundreds or thousands have in all ages read a work? Is it on this +account the less likely to give me pleasure, because it has delighted so +many others? Or can I taste this pleasure by proxy? Or am I in any +degree the wiser for their knowledge? Yet this might appear to be the +inference. _Their_ having read the work may be said to act upon us by +sympathy, and the knowledge which so many other persons have of its +contents deadens our curiosity and interest altogether. We set aside the +subject as one on which others have made up their minds for us, (as if +we really could have ideas in their heads,) and are quite on the alert +for the next new work, teeming hot from the press, which we shall be the +first to read, to criticise, and pass an opinion on. Oh, delightful! To +cut open the leaves, to inhale the fragrance of the scarcely-dry paper, +to examine the type, to see who is the printer, (which is some clue to +the value that is set upon the work,) to launch out into regions of +thought and invention never trod till now, and to explore characters +that never met a human eye before--this is a luxury worth sacrificing a +dinner party, or a few hours of a spare morning to. Who, indeed, when +the work is critical and full of expectation, would venture to dine out, +or to face a _coterie_ of blue stockings in the evening, without having +gone through this ordeal, or at least without, hastily turning over a +few of the first pages while dressing, to be able to say that the +beginning does not promise much, or to tell the name of the heroine? + + [2] "Laws are not like women, the worse for being old."--_The + Duke of Buckingham's Speech in the House of Lords, in Charles + the Second's time_. + +A new work is something in our power; we mount the bench, and sit in +judgment on it; we can damn or recommend it to others at pleasure, can +decry or extol it to the skies, and can give an answer to those who have +not yet read it, and expect an account of it; and thus show our +shrewdness and the independence of our taste before the world have had +time to form an opinion. If we cannot write ourselves, we become, by +busying ourselves about it, a kind of _accessaries after the fact_. +Though not the parent of the bantling that "has just come into this +breathing world, scarce half made up," without the aid of criticism and +puffing, yet we are the gossips and foster-nurses on the occasion, with +all the mysterious significance and self-importance of the tribe. If we +wait, we must take our report from others; if we make haste, we may +dictate ours to them. It is not a race, then, for priority of +information, but for precedence in tattling and dogmatising. The work +last out is the first that people talk and inquire about. It is the +subject on the _tapis_--the cause that is pending. It is the last +candidate for success, (other claims have been disposed of,) and appeals +for this success to us, and us alone. Our predecessors can have nothing +to say to this question, however they may have anticipated us on others; +future ages, in all probability, will not trouble their heads about it; +we are the panel. How hard, then, not to avail ourselves of our +immediate privilege to give sentence of life or death--to seem in +ignorance of what every one else is full of--to be behind-hand with the +polite, the knowing, and fashionable part of mankind--to be at a loss +and dumb-founded, when all around us are in their glory, and figuring +away, on no other ground than that of having read a work that we have +not! Books that are to be written hereafter cannot be criticised by us; +those that were written formerly have been criticised long ago; but a +new book is the property, the prey of ephemeral criticism, which it +darts triumphantly upon; there is a raw thin air of ignorance and +uncertainty about it, not filled up by any recorded opinion; and +curiosity, impertinence, and vanity rush eagerly into the vacuum. A new +book is the fair field for petulance and coxcombry to gather laurels +in--the butt set up for roving opinion to aim at. Can we wonder, then, +that the circulating libraries are besieged by literary dowagers and +their grand-daughters, when a new novel is announced? That mail-coach +copies of the _Edinburgh Review_ are or were coveted? That the +manuscript of the _Waverley_ romances is sent abroad in time for the +French, German, or even Italian translation to appear on the same day as +the original work, so that the longing continental public may not be +kept waiting an instant longer than their fellow-readers in the English +metropolis, which would be as tantalizing and insupportable as a little +girl being kept without her new frock, when her sister's is just come +home, and is the talk and admiration of every one in the house? To be +sure, there is something in the taste of the times; a modern work is +expressly adapted to modern readers. It appeals to our direct +experience, and to well-known subjects; it is part and parcel of the +world around us, and is drawn from the same sources as our daily +thoughts. There is, therefore, so far, a natural or habitual sympathy +between us and the literature of the day, though this is a different +consideration from the mere circumstance of novelty. An author now +alive, has a right to calculate upon the living public; he cannot count +upon the dead, nor look forward with much confidence to those that are +unborn. Neither, however, is it true that we are eager to read all new +books alike; we turn from them with a certain feeling of distaste and +distrust, unless they are recommended to us by some peculiar feature or +obvious distinction. Only young ladies from the boarding-school, or +milliners' girls, read all the new novels that come out. It must be +spoken of or against; the writer's name must be well known or a great +secret; it must be a topic of discourse and a mark for criticism--that +is, it must be likely to bring us into notice in some way--or we take +no notice of it. There is a mutual and tacit understanding on this head. +We can no more read all the new books that appear, than we can read all +the old ones that have disappeared from time to time.--_Monthly +Magazine_. + + * * * * * + + + +THE SELECTOR; AND LITERARY NOTICES OF NEW WORKS. + + * * * * * + + +THE PALACE OF ALI PASHA. + + +The secretary carried us through several chambers, decorated with much +cost and barbarous splendour. The wainscot of one of the principal +saloons is inlaid with mother-of-pearl, ebony, coral, and ivory; but the +workmanship seems harsh and ungraceful. The ceiling is plastered with +massive gilding, the effect of which is rather cumbrous than ornamental; +"not graced with elegancy, but daubed with cost." Pillars, of a +composition to resemble the richest marble, support the compartments, +and the cornice is coloured with some imperfect efforts at arabesque +painting. There is, however, one article extremely elegant and +well-finished--a low sofa, carried round three-fourths of the room, +covered with dark velvet, tastefully embroidered, and hung with gold +fringe. The general arrangement of the rooms is certainly, grand and +imposing, though occasionally deformed by much bad taste. I should not +omit to mention, that our conductor desired us to notice two very +handsome carpets, which he gave us to understand were of British +manufacture. In the apartment where Ali sleeps, the walls are hung with +sabres and fire-arms of different descriptions; all of which are +ornamented with precious stones. One of the scimitars is profusely +adorned with diamonds and rubies, and a particular musket has a +cartouche-box, studded with brilliants of surpassing splendour, the +central stone being nearly the size of a die. A fowling-piece, sent to +the pasha by Bonaparte, is also enriched with gems, though this last +article is considered to derive its chief value from the circumstance of +having been once the property of the imperial warrior, by whom it was +presented. The chamber opens into a long and spacious gallery; at one +extremity we observed a singularly awkward piece of furniture, +resembling a large old-fashioned arm-chair. So useless an article in a +Turkish palace induced me to inquire the purpose to which it was +applied; and I was informed that, on certain festivals, the pasha gives +an entertainment for the diversion of the children of the principal +families in the capital, who on such occasions assemble in the gallery. +Ali himself always attends, to encourage and assist their gaiety; and, +while reclining on this cumbrous seat, distributes to them, as they are +successively presented to him, baskets of sweetmeats, and such other +tokens of regard as are suited to their respective ages and +condition.--_Narrative of an Excursion from Corfu to Smyrna_. + + * * * * * + + +POLICE OFFICES AND POLICE REPORTS. + + +The police reports are frequently the most amusing part of the daily +press: they let the reader into many of the secrets of low, and, now and +then, of high life; they are redolent of the phraseology of the vulgar; +they often tickle our fancies by their humour, and sometimes touch our +sympathies by their pathos. As anecdotes of real life; daily catalogues +of droll and dismal occurrences among our fellow-citizens; pictures of +what is passing in the streets while we, who are sober sort of folks, +are dreaming in our beds; sketches of manners, and records of the +habits, feelings, and minor as well as major delinquencies of those who +breathe the same air with us; they could not fail to be interesting to +us all, were we not aware that, like the novels which are said to be +"founded on fact," their most rich and racy parts are frequently +fiction. + +Let not the non-gnostic portion of our readers imagine, that if they +haunt the justice-seat of Birnie and his judicial co-mates, that they +will ever witness such pleasant, sparkling, humorous examinations as +those reported in the columns of the papers which matinally grace their +breakfast-tables. The tyro upon town will stare at this. Why, will he +say, cannot I, if I frequent the same place, see and hear what those who +are employed for the press see and hear there? He can; but the fact is, +that our police reporters are by far too clever to set down the words of +other people, without throwing in something of their own. Their plan is +to drop the duller parts of a story or a speech, and to embellish its +livelier portion--to select the tit-bits, and sauce and spice them up +sufficiently high to please the palates of the news-reading public. The +offices afford them an excellent variety of characters, which, like +skilful dramatists, they work up until they become really humorous: many +of the cases afford them capital plots, into which they cleverly +dovetail pleasant little episodes, and adhere no closer to the deposed +facts than many of our by-gone playwrights have done to the sacred page +of history. We allude only to the cases of humour which occur at the +police-offices: those reports which can be interesting only in +proportion as they are correct, are, in general, accurately given; but +the matrimonial squabbles, the Irish farçettas, and the frays between +the Dogberrys of the night and late walkers--albeit they may, +peradventure, contain the leading facts disclosed--are highly wrought up +by the fanciful powers of those who cause the public and feed themselves +at a per-line-age for the daily press. Many cases which, on hearing, are +dull and oftentimes disgusting, under the magic pens of the +police-office scribes become lively and entertaining; they are furnished +with the raw material--the metal in its ore--which they purify and +polish, until it bears little or no resemblance to what it was before it +underwent the process of manufacturing for the paper-market under their +skilful hands. There are many who delight to visit the police-offices +for the sake of seeing those beings who appear there, of whom others +only read: some of our readers may, perhaps, be bitten with a similar +fancy; but, we warrant, that they will find the actual doings at +Bow-street very different to what they had imagined; as Charles Mathews' +_Sir Harry Skelton_ says, "There's nothing at all in it; people talk a +great deal about it--but there's nothing in it, after all--nothing." + +It is not often that we look in at morning or evening sitting of the +magistrates; we are content to have the police reports served up to us +with our potted beef and buttered toast at breakfast; we enjoy them, +although we feel convinced that many of them bear no more resemblance to +the affairs they are founded on, than mock-turtle to calf's-head; still, +like the soup, they are by far the most pleasant and palatable of the +two.--_Every Night Book_. + + * * * * * + + +THE CURRAL. + + +The view in front was obstructed by a high ridge, of which we had nearly +gained the highest point, when we left our horses, and running up a few +yards of steep turf found ourselves all at once on the brink of the +Curral. It is a huge valley, or rather crater, of immense depth, +enclosed on all sides by a range of magnificent mountain precipices, the +sides and summit of which are broken in every variety of buttress or +pinnacle--now black and craggy and beetling--at other times spread with +the richest green turf, and scattered with a profusion of the evergreen +forest-trees, indigenous to the island; while far below, in the midst of +all these horrors, smiles a fairy region of cultivation and +fruitfulness, with a church and village, the white cabins of which seem +half smothered in the luxuriance of their own vines and orchards. + +We gazed long and eagerly at the prospect. It is not easy to give an +accurate notion of its peculiar character; and even painting would but +ill assist, for one of the most striking features is the great and +sudden _depth_ which you look down, the effect of which we know the +pencil cannot at all convey. The side on which we stand, however, though +steep, is not absolutely precipitous; on the contrary, the gradation of +crag and projection, by which it descends to the bottom, is one of the +finest things in the view. Close on our right a lofty peak presents its +rocky face to the valley, to which it bears down in a magnificent mass, +shouldering its way, as it seemed, half across it. The opposite sides +appear more bare, precipitous, and lofty; and this last character is +heightened by some white clouds that rest upon and conceal +their summits. + +Rejoining the road, we for awhile lost sight of the valley. When we +again came in view of it, it was rapidly filling with clouds, but at +first their interposition was hardly a disadvantage; they gave a vague +indefinite grandeur to the cliffs and mountains, which seemed to rise +one knew not from what depth, and lose their summits in regions beyond +our ken. The breaks, too, that occurred in this shrouding of the scene, +showed fragments of it with strange effect--till at length the whole +hollow filled, and presented a uniform sea of vapour. + +_Rambles in Madeira_. + + * * * * * + + +A PORTUGUESE BALL. + + +The ladies are carried in palanquins, and each received at the street +entrance by the master of the house--or if there be more than one lady, +by some gentlemen deputed for that purpose--who takes her hand, and so +ushers her up stairs. There is much of this elaborate gallantry +observable in the manner of the Portuguese towards the sex. Thus, a man +never passes a lady in the street, or in her balcony, without taking off +his hat, and this whether he be acquainted with her or not. We +understand they used to offer a similar mark of respect to the English +ladies, but desisted on finding that our gentlemen did not reciprocate +in the same homage towards the fair _Portuguezas_. I don't think that +this difference in the manners of the two people does us credit. Not +that all that kind of homage means much. In this, as in a more serious +concern, our southern neighbours may seem to have the advantage in the +practices of external devotion; but it would be a mistake to infer from +thence, that there is with us less of that service of the heart, which, +after all, is the one thing needful. The party was large, probably two +hundred, including most of the native rank and fashion of the island. We +found the ladies all seated together in one room, and the effect of this +concentration was sufficiently dazzling. Some people deny that there is +any standard of female beauty; and, at any rate, there is no doubt but +that habits and associations, as well as complexional and sentimental +considerations, interfere more with our perceptions in respect to this +than any other object of taste. It is not immediately that we enter into +the merits of a style of beauty very different from that which we have +been accustomed to. Perhaps it is owing to this circumstance that I was +not struck by so many instances of individual attractiveness as might +have been expected in so crowded a galaxy. The traits that first strike +a stranger in a Portuguese belle, are the tendency to _embonpoint_ in +the figure, and to darkness--I had almost said swarthiness, in +complexion. This last character, however, is not particularly obvious by +candle-light; and it is always relieved by the most raven hair, and eyes +such as one seldom sees elsewhere, so large and black; if their fire +were softened by a longer lash, and their expression less fixed, there +would be no resisting them. I fancy, too, that their effect would be +rather greater in a _tête-à-tête_ than in a circle like this, where, +looking round, one sees on all sides the same eyes--and which all (it is +everywhere the reproach of black eyes) say always the same thing. Their +dress was perfectly in the English fashion; and, in general, there was +something not un-English in their _mise_ and _tournure_. The superiority +of French women in these matters is incontestable. Perhaps we may +account for it something on the principle by which Dr. Johnson explained +the excellence of our neighbours in cookery, when he suspected that the +inferiority of their meats rendered indispensable some extraordinary +skill in dressing it. The general arrangement and progress of the +evening was very English too. They dance remarkably well, the men as +well as the women. Indeed, it is, I believe, the great end and +occupation of the earlier part of their existence. We came away at two +o'clock; few of the English staid later; but among the Portuguese, the +more ardent spirits kept up the dance till long after day-break, when it +is customary to serve up _caldo_, a sort of chicken-broth, for their +refreshment.--_Ibid_. + + * * * * * + + + +MISCELLANIES. + + * * * * * + + +QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. + + +_What is a Lawyer?_--A lawyer is a man with a pale face and sunken eyes; +he passes much time in two small rooms in one of the inns of court; he +is surrounded with sheets of foolscap folio paper, tied up with a red +string; he has more books than one could read in a year, or comprehend +in seven; he walks slowly, speaks hesitatingly, and receives fees from +those who visit him, for giving "hypothetical answers" to "specious +questions." + +_What is a Doctor?_--A doctor, _videlicit_ an M.D., is a sedate-looking +personage; he listens calmly to the story of your ailments; if your eye +and skin be yellow, he shrewdly remarks that you have the jaundice; he +feels your pulse, writes two or three unintelligible lines of Latin, for +which you pay him a guinea; he keeps a chariot, and one man-servant. The +standard board behind, _intended_ for a footman, is fearfully beset with +spikes, to prevent little boys from riding at the doctor's expense. He +ingeniously lets himself in and out of his vehicle, by means of a strap +attached to the steps, so contrived, that when in, he can dexterously +cause the steps to follow. His servant is a coachman abroad, and a +footman, valet, and butler at home. + +_What is an Author?_--He is a man who weaves words into sentences; he +dissects the works of his predecessors and contemporaries, and +ingeniously dovetails the pieces together again, so that their real +owners can scarcely recognise them. He is furnished with a pair of +scissors and a pot of paste. He frequents the Chapter Coffee-house by +day, and the Cider-Cellar by night. He ruralises at Hampstead or +Holloway, and perhaps once a year steams it to Margate. He talks +largely, and forms the nucleus of a knot of acquaintances, who look up +to him as an oracle. He is always _going_ to set about some work of +great importance; he writes a page, becomes out of humour with the +subject, and begins another, which shares the same fate. His coat is +something the worse for wear; his wife is the only person in the world +who is blind to his transcendant abilities; and he has too much to do in +cultivating his own genius, to descend to the minutias of his children's +education. + + +SUPERSTITION. + + +In a little manual of piety, composed, in 1712, for the young ladies who +were then pensioners at the monastery of St. Augustin, at Bruges, we +have been surprised into frequent smiles by the scrupulous watchfulness +with which the ghostly writer followed the lady-pensioners (though with +pious fancy only) to the very sacred of sacreds! He was not contented +with directing them concerning the prayers which he believed proper to +be used when they assumed, or laid aside, their respective garments, but +even directed them what to do before they attempted to close an eye on +the softness of their pillows! Prayers are specified by this zealous +pastor for the following curious occasions:-- + + In putting on your petticoat. + In putting on your night-gown. + In dressing your head. + In putting on your manteau. + +In regard to the ceremony of laying aside these memorials of the +weakness of Eve, our general mother, there is a prayer to be offered +"whilst you undress yourself;" and the ladies are strictly enjoined, +before they "get into bed, to take holy water." The writer concludes +this part of his instructions by saying, "when you are in bed, write the +name of Jesus on your forehead with your thumb!" + + +CROMWELL. + + +After the battle of Marston, Cromwell, returning from the pursuit of a +party of the royalists, purposed to stop at Ripley; and, having an +officer in his troop, a relation of Sir William Ingilby's, that +gentleman was sent to announce his arrival. The officer was informed, by +the porter at the gate, that Sir William was absent, but that he might +send any message he pleased to his lady. Having sent in his name, and +obtained an audience, he was answered by the lady, that no such person +should be admitted there; adding, she had force sufficient to defend +herself and that house against all rebels. The officer, on his part, +represented the extreme folly of making any resistance, and that the +safest way would be to admit the general peaceably. After much +persuasion, the lady took the advice of her kinsman, and received +Cromwell at the gate of the lodge, with a pair of pistols stuck in her +apron-strings, and having told him she expected that neither he nor his +soldiers would behave improperly, led the way to the hall, where, +sitting each on a sofa, these two extraordinary personages, equally +jealous of each other's intentions, passed the whole night. At his +departure in the morning the lady observed, "It was well he had behaved +in so peaceable a manner; for that, had it been otherwise, he would not +have left that house with his life." + + +HOWARD. + + +Of this celebrated man no portrait was ever painted, for he would never +sit to any artist. After his return from one of his journies to the +continent, he was showing to a friend the various things he had brought +with him, and among others a new dress made in Saxony: "it was a sort of +great coat, yet graceful in its appearance, and ornamented with sober +magnificence. His visiter exclaimed, 'This is the robe in which you +should be painted by Romney; I will implore the favour on my knees if +you will let me array you in this very picturesque habiliment, and +convey you instantly in a coach to Cavendish-square.'--'O fie!' replied +Howard, in the mildest tone of his gentle voice, 'O fie! I did not kneel +to the emperor.'--'And I assure you,' said the petitioner in answer to +the tender reproof, 'I would never kneel to you, if you were not above +an emperor in my estimation!' The philanthropist was touched by the +cordial eulogy, but continued firm in his resolution of not granting his +portrait to all the repeated requests of important affections."-- +_Hayley's Life of Romney_. + + +EDWARD DRINKER. + + +Edward Drinker was born in a cottage in 1689, on the spot where the city +of Philadelphia now stands, which was inhabited at the time of his +birth, by Indians, a few Swedes, and Hollanders. He often talked of +picking blackberries, and catching wild rabbits, where this populous +city is now seated. He remembered William Penn arriving there the second +time, and used to point out the spot where the cabin stood in which Mr. +Penn and his friends were accommodated on their arrival. + +The life of this aged citizen is marked with circumstances which never +befel any other man; for he saw greater events than any man, at least, +since the Patriarchs. He saw the same spot of earth, in the course of +his own life, covered with woods and bushes, the receptacles of wild +beasts and birds of prey, afterwards become the seat of a great city, +not only the first in wealth and arts in America, but equalled by few in +Europe; he saw great and regular streets, where he had often pursued +hares and wild rabbits; he saw fine churches rise upon morasses, where +he used to hear nothing but the croaking of frogs; great wharfs and +warehouses, where he had so often seen the Indian savages draw their +fish from the river; and that river afterwards full of great ships from +all the world, which in his youth had nothing bigger than a canoe; and +on the same spot, where he had so often gathered huckleberries, he saw +their magnificent city hall erected, and that hall filled with +legislators, astonishing the world with their wisdom and virtue. He also +saw the first treaty ratified between the united powers of America, and +the most powerful prince in Europe, with all the formality of parchment +and seal; and on the same spot where he once saw William Penn ratify his +first and last treaty with the Indians; and to conclude, he saw the +beginning and end of the British empire in Pensylvania. He had been the +subject of many crowned heads; but when he heard of the many oppressive +and unconstitutional acts passed in Britain, he bought them all, and +gave them to his great grandson to make kites of; and embracing the +liberty and independence of his country in his withered arms, and +triumphing in the last year of his life, in the salvation of his +country. He died on the 17th of November, 1782, aged 103 years. + + +A SURE SIGN. + + +When the wind follows the sun and settles about north-west, north, or +east, we have fine weather; when, on the contrary, the wind opposes the +sun's course, and returns by west, south-west, south, and south-east, +and settles in the east, foul weather prevails. + + * * * * * + + + +THE GATHERER + + "I am but a _Gatherer_ and disposer of other men's + stuff."--_Wotton_ + + * * * * * + + +A man of learning was complaining to Voltaire, that few foreigners +relished the beauties of Shakspeare. "Sir," replied the wit, "bad +translations torment and vex them, and prevent them understanding your +great dramatist. A blind man, sir, cannot perceive the beauty of a rose, +who only pricks his fingers with the thorns." + + + * * * * * + + +The reign of Edward I. was marked with a singular occurrence, which +serves to Illustrate the general character of this monarch. In the year +1285, Edward took away the charter of London, and turned out the mayor, +in consequence of his suffering himself to be bribed by the bakers, and +invested one of his own appointing with the civic authority. The city, +however, by making various presents to the king, and rendering him other +signal services, found means to have their charter restored. + + + * * * * * + + +_Dr. E. D. Clarke's Rules far Travellers_.--"Remember that you are never +to conceive that you have added enough to your journal; never at liberty +to go to sleep, because you are fatigued, until you have filled up all +the blanks in it; never to go to the bottom of a mountain without also +visiting its top; never to omit visiting mines, where there are any; +never to listen to stories of banditti; nor in any instance to be +frightened by bugbears." + + * * * * * + + +A traveller lately returned from Florida says, it is the most fertile +country he ever found, the lands producing forty bushels of frogs to +the acre, and alligators enough to fence them--_American paper_. + + * * * * * + + +A rich banker of Paris happened to be present some time ago at the +representation of _Hamlet_ in which Talma, as usual, by the fidelity and +force of his delineation, drew tears from the whole of his numerous +audience. Being questioned by, a person sitting near him, who was +astonished to perceive that he alone remained unaffected during, the +most pathetic scene, the banker coolly replied, "I do not cry, because, +in the first place, none of thus is true; and secondly, supposing it to +be true; what business is it of mine?"--_La Furet_. + + * * * * * + + + +_Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset +House,) and sold by all Newsmen and Booksellers._ + + + + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, Vol. 10, Issue 267, August 4, 1827, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AUGUST 4, 1827 *** + +***** This file should be named 9922-8.txt or 9922-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/9/9/2/9922/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and Project Gutenberg +Distributed Proofreaders + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. |