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+Project Gutenberg EBook, Personal Sketches, by Whittier, Part 2,
+From Vol. VI., The Works of Whittier: Old Portraits and Modern Sketches
+#37 in our series by John Greenleaf Whittier
+
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+Title: Personal Sketches and Tributes, Part 2, From Volume VI.,
+       The Works of Whittier: Old Portraits and Modern Sketches
+
+
+Author: John Greenleaf Whittier
+
+Release Date: December 2005  [EBook #9592]
+[Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule]
+[This file was first posted on October 25, 2003]
+
+
+Edition: 10
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+Language: English
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+Character set encoding: ASCII
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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK, PERSONAL SKETCHES ***
+
+
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+This eBook was produced by David Widger
+
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+
+
+                       PERSONAL SKETCHES AND TRIBUTES
+
+                                   BY
+
+                          JOHN GREENLEAF WHITTIER
+
+
+CONTENTS:
+
+PERSONAL SKETCHES AND TRIBUTES.
+     THE FUNERAL OF TORREY
+     EDWARD EVERETT
+     LEWIS TAPPAN
+     BAYARD TAYLOR
+     WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING
+     DEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD
+     LYDIA MARIA CHILD
+     OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES
+     LONGFELLOW
+     OLD NEWBURY
+     SCHOOLDAY REMEMBRANCES
+     EDWIN PERCY WHIPPLE
+
+
+
+                      PERSONAL SKETCHES AND TRIBUTES
+
+
+THE FUNERAL OF TORREY.
+
+     Charles T. Torrey, an able young Congregational clergyman, died May
+     9, 1846, in the state's prison of Maryland, for the offence of
+     aiding slaves to escape from bondage.  His funeral in Boston,
+     attended by thousands, was a most impressive occasion.  The
+     following is an extract from an article written for the _Essex
+     Transcript_:--
+
+Some seven years ago, we saw Charles T. Torrey for the first time.  His
+wife was leaning on his arm,--young, loving, and beautiful; the heart
+that saw them blessed them.  Since that time, we have known him as a most
+energetic and zealous advocate of the anti-slavery cause.  He had fine
+talents, improved by learning and observation, a clear, intensely active
+intellect, and a heart full of sympathy and genial humanity.  It was with
+strange and bitter feelings that we bent over his coffin and looked upon
+his still face.  The pity which we had felt for him in his long
+sufferings gave place to indignation against his murderers.  Hateful
+beyond the power of expression seemed the tyranny which had murdered him
+with the slow torture of the dungeon.  May God forgive us, if for the
+moment we felt like grasping His dread prerogative of vengeance.  As we
+passed out of the hall, a friend grasped our hand hard, his eye flashing
+through its tears, with a stern reflection of our own emotions, while he
+whispered through his pressed lips: "It is enough to turn every anti-
+slavery heart into steel."  Our blood boiled; we longed to see the wicked
+apologists of slavery--the blasphemous defenders of it in Church and
+State--led up to the coffin of our murdered brother, and there made to
+feel that their hands had aided in riveting the chain upon those still
+limbs, and in shutting out from those cold lips the free breath of
+heaven.
+
+A long procession followed his remains to their resting-place at Mount
+Auburn.  A monument to his memory will be raised in that cemetery, in the
+midst of the green beauty of the scenery which he loved in life, and side
+by side with the honored dead of Massachusetts.  Thither let the friends
+of humanity go to gather fresh strength from the memory of the martyr.
+There let the slaveholder stand, and as he reads the record of the
+enduring marble commune with his own heart, and feel that sorrow which
+worketh repentance.
+
+The young, the beautiful, the brave!--he is safe now from the malice of
+his enemies.  Nothing can harm him more.  His work for the poor and
+helpless was well and nobly done.  In the wild woods of Canada, around
+many a happy fireside and holy family altar, his name is on the lips of
+God's poor.  He put his soul in their souls' stead; he gave his life for
+those who had no claim on his love save that of human brotherhood.  How
+poor, how pitiful and paltry, seem our labors!  How small and mean our
+trials and sacrifices!  May the spirit of the dead be with us, and infuse
+into our hearts something of his own deep sympathy, his hatred of
+injustice, his strong faith and heroic endurance.  May that spirit be
+gladdened in its present sphere by the increased zeal and faithfulness of
+the friends he has left behind.
+
+
+
+
+EDWARD EVERETT.
+
+A letter to Robert C. Waterston.
+
+Amesbury, 27th 1st Month, 1865.
+
+I acknowledge through thee the invitation of the standing committee of
+the Massachusetts Historical Society to be present at a special meeting
+of the Society for the purpose of paying a tribute to the memory of our
+late illustrious associate, Edward Everett.
+
+It is a matter of deep regret to me that the state of my health will not
+permit me to be with you on an occasion of so much interest.
+
+It is most fitting that the members of the Historical Society of
+Massachusetts should add their tribute to those which have been already
+offered by all sects, parties, and associations to the name and fame of
+their late associate.  He was himself a maker of history, and part and
+parcel of all the noble charities and humanizing influences of his State
+and time.
+
+When the grave closed over him who added new lustre to the old and
+honored name of Quincy, all eyes instinctively turned to Edward Everett
+as the last of that venerated class of patriotic civilians who, outliving
+all dissent and jealousy and party prejudice, held their reputation by
+the secure tenure of the universal appreciation of its worth as a common
+treasure of the republic.  It is not for me to pronounce his eulogy.
+Others, better qualified by their intimate acquaintance with him, have
+done and will do justice to his learning, eloquence, varied culture, and
+social virtues.  My secluded country life has afforded me few
+opportunities of personal intercourse with him, while my pronounced
+radicalism on the great question which has divided popular feeling
+rendered our political paths widely divergent.  Both of us early saw the
+danger which threatened the country.  In the language of the prophet, we
+"saw the sword coining upon the land," but while he believed in the
+possibility of averting it by concession and compromise, I, on the
+contrary, as firmly believed that such a course could only strengthen and
+confirm what I regarded as a gigantic conspiracy against the rights and
+liberties, the union and the life, of the nation.
+
+Recent events have certainly not tended to change this belief on my part;
+but in looking over the past, while I see little or nothing to retract in
+the matter of opinion, I am saddened by the reflection that through the
+very intensity of my convictions I may have done injustice to the motives
+of those with whom I differed.  As respects Edward Everett, it seems to
+me that only within the last four years I have truly known him.
+
+In that brief period, crowded as it is with a whole life-work of
+consecration to the union, freedom, and glory of his country, he not only
+commanded respect and reverence, but concentrated upon himself in a most
+remarkable degree the love of all loyal and generous hearts.  We have
+seen, in these years of trial, very great sacrifices offered upon the
+altar of patriotism,--wealth, ease, home, love, life itself.  But Edward
+Everett did more than this: he laid on that altar not only his time,
+talents, and culture, but his pride of opinion, his long-cherished views
+of policy, his personal and political predilections and prejudices, his
+constitutional fastidiousness of conservatism, and the carefully
+elaborated symmetry of his public reputation.  With a rare and noble
+magnanimity, he met, without hesitation, the demand of the great
+occasion.  Breaking away from all the besetments of custom and
+association, he forgot the things that are behind, and, with an eye
+single to present duty, pressed forward towards the mark of the high
+calling of Divine Providence in the events of our time.  All honor to
+him!  If we mourn that he is now beyond the reach of our poor human
+praise, let us reverently trust that he has received that higher plaudit:
+"Well done, thou good and faithful servant!"
+
+When I last met him, as my colleague in the Electoral College of
+Massachusetts, his look of health and vigor seemed to promise us many
+years of his wisdom and usefulness.  On greeting him I felt impelled to
+express my admiration and grateful appreciation of his patriotic labors;
+and I shall never forget how readily and gracefully he turned attention
+from himself to the great cause in which we had a common interest, and
+expressed his thankfulness that he had still a country to serve.
+
+To keep green the memory of such a man is at once a privilege and a duty.
+That stainless life of seventy years is a priceless legacy.  His hands
+were pure.  The shadow of suspicion never fell on him.  If he erred in
+his opinions (and that he did so he had the Christian grace and courage
+to own), no selfish interest weighed in the scale of his judgment against
+truth.
+
+As our thoughts follow him to his last resting-place, we are sadly
+reminded of his own touching lines, written many years ago at Florence.
+The name he has left behind is none the less "pure" that instead of being
+"humble," as he then anticipated, it is on the lips of grateful millions,
+and written ineffaceable on the record of his country's trial and
+triumph:--
+
+         "Yet not for me when I shall fall asleep
+          Shall Santa Croce's lamps their vigils keep.
+          Beyond the main in Auburn's quiet shade,
+          With those I loved and love my couch be made;
+          Spring's pendant branches o'er the hillock wave,
+          And morning's dewdrops glisten on my grave,
+          While Heaven's great arch shall rise above my bed,
+          When Santa Croce's crumbles on her dead,--
+          Unknown to erring or to suffering fame,
+          So may I leave a pure though humble name."
+
+Congratulating the Society on the prospect of the speedy consummation of
+the great objects of our associate's labors,--the peace and permanent
+union of our country,--
+
+I am very truly thy friend.
+
+
+
+
+LEWIS TAPPAN.
+
+[1873.]
+
+One after another, those foremost in the antislavery conflict of the last
+half century are rapidly passing away.  The grave has just closed over
+all that was mortal of Salmon P. Chase, the kingliest of men, a statesman
+second to no other in our history, too great and pure for the Presidency,
+yet leaving behind him a record which any incumbent of that station might
+envy,--and now the telegraph brings us the tidings of the death of Lewis
+Tappan, of Brooklyn, so long and so honorably identified with the anti-
+slavery cause, and with every philanthropic and Christian enterprise.  He
+was a native of Massachusetts, born at Northampton in 1788, of Puritan
+lineage,--one of a family remarkable for integrity, decision of
+character, and intellectual ability.  At the very outset, in company with
+his brother Arthur, he devoted his time, talents, wealth, and social
+position to the righteous but unpopular cause of Emancipation, and
+became, in consequence, a mark for the persecution which followed such
+devotion.  His business was crippled, his name cast out as evil, his
+dwelling sacked, and his furniture dragged into the street and burned.
+Yet he never, in the darkest hour, faltered or hesitated for a moment.
+He knew he was right, and that the end would justify him; one of the
+cheerfullest of men, he was strong where others were weak, hopeful where
+others despaired.  He was wise in counsel, and prompt in action; like
+Tennyson's Sir Galahad,
+
+              "His strength was as the strength of ten,
+               Because his heart was pure."
+
+I met him for the first time forty years ago, at the convention which
+formed the American Anti-Slavery Society, where I chanced to sit by him
+as one of the secretaries.  Myself young and inexperienced, I remember
+how profoundly I was impressed by his cool self-possession, clearness of
+perception, and wonderful executive ability.  Had he devoted himself to
+party politics with half the zeal which he manifested in behalf of those
+who had no votes to give and no honors to bestow, he could have reached
+the highest offices in the land.  He chose his course, knowing all that
+he renounced, and he chose it wisely.  He never, at least, regretted it.
+
+And now, at the ripe age of eighty-five years, the brave old man has
+passed onward to the higher life, having outlived here all hatred, abuse,
+and misrepresentation, having seen the great work of Emancipation
+completed, and white men and black men equal before the law.  I saw him
+for the last time three years ago, when he was preparing his valuable
+biography of his beloved brother Arthur.  Age had begun to tell upon his
+constitution, but his intellectual force was not abated.  The old,
+pleasant laugh and playful humor remained.  He looked forward to the
+close of life hopefully, even cheerfully, as he called to mind the dear
+friends who had passed on before him, to await his coming.
+
+Of the sixty-three signers of the Anti-Slavery Declaration at the
+Philadelphia Convention in 1833, probably not more than eight or ten are
+now living.
+
+              "As clouds that rake the mountain summits,
+               As waves that know no guiding hand,
+               So swift has brother followed brother
+               From sunshine to the sunless land."
+
+Yet it is a noteworthy fact that the oldest member of that convention,
+David Thurston, D. D., of Maine, lived to see the slaves emancipated, and
+to mingle his voice of thanksgiving with the bells that rang in the day
+of universal freedom.
+
+
+
+
+BAYARD TAYLOR
+
+Read at the memorial meeting in Tremont Temple, Boston, January 10, 1879.
+
+I am not able to attend the memorial meeting in Tremont Temple on the
+10th instant, but my heart responds to any testimonial appreciative of
+the intellectual achievements and the noble and manly life of Bayard
+Taylor.  More than thirty years have intervened between my first meeting
+him in the fresh bloom of his youth and hope and honorable ambition, and
+my last parting with him under the elms of Boston Common, after our visit
+to Richard H. Dana, on the occasion of the ninetieth anniversary of that
+honored father of American poetry, still living to lament the death of
+his younger disciple and friend.  How much he has accomplished in these
+years!  The most industrious of men, slowly, patiently, under many
+disadvantages, he built up his splendid reputation.  Traveller, editor,
+novelist, translator, diplomatist, and through all and above all poet,
+what he was he owed wholly to himself.  His native honesty was satisfied
+with no half tasks.  He finished as he went, and always said and did his
+best.
+
+It is perhaps too early to assign him his place in American literature.
+His picturesque books of travel, his Oriental lyrics, his Pennsylvanian
+idyls, his Centennial ode, the pastoral beauty and Christian sweetness of
+Lars, and the high argument and rhythmic marvel of Deukalion are sureties
+of the permanence of his reputation.  But at this moment my thoughts
+dwell rather upon the man than the author.  The calamity of his death,
+felt in both hemispheres, is to me and to all who intimately knew and
+loved him a heavy personal loss.  Under the shadow of this bereavement,
+in the inner circle of mourning, we sorrow most of all that we shall see
+his face no more, and long for "the touch of a vanished hand, and the
+sound of a voice that is still."
+
+
+
+
+WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING
+
+Read at the dedication of the Channing Memorial Church at Newport, R.  I.
+
+DANVERS, MASS., 3d Mo., 13, 1880.
+
+I scarcely need say that I yield to no one in love and reverence for the
+great and good man whose memory, outliving all prejudices of creed, sect,
+and party, is the common legacy of Christendom.  As the years go on, the
+value of that legacy will be more and more felt; not so much, perhaps, in
+doctrine as in spirit, in those utterances of a devout soul which are
+above and beyond the affirmation or negation of dogma.
+
+His ethical severity and Christian tenderness; his hatred of wrong and
+oppression, with love and pity for the wrong-doer; his noble pleas for
+self-culture, temperance, peace, and purity; and above all, his precept
+and example of unquestioning obedience to duty and the voice of God in
+his soul, can never become obsolete.  It is very fitting that his memory
+should be especially cherished with that of Hopkins and Berkeley in the
+beautiful island to which the common residence of those worthies has lent
+additional charms and interest.
+
+
+
+
+
+DEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD.
+
+A letter written to W. H. B.  Currier, of Amesbury, Mass.
+
+DANVERS, MASS., 9th Mo., 24, 1881.
+
+I regret that it is not in my power to join the citizens of Amesbury and
+Salisbury in the memorial services on the occasion of the death of our
+lamented President.  But in heart and sympathy I am with you.  I share
+the great sorrow which overshadows the land; I fully appreciate the
+irretrievable loss.  But it seems to me that the occasion is one for
+thankfulness as well as grief.
+
+Through all the stages of the solemn tragedy which has just closed with
+the death of our noblest and best, I have felt that the Divine Providence
+was overruling the mighty affliction,--that the patient sufferer at
+Washington was drawing with cords of sympathy all sections and parties
+nearer to each other.  And now, when South and North, Democrat and
+Republican, Radical and Conservative, lift their voices in one unbroken
+accord of lamentation; when I see how, in spite of the greed of gain, the
+lust of office, the strifes and narrowness of party politics, the great
+heart of the nation proves sound and loyal, I feel a new hope for the
+republic, I have a firmer faith in its stability.  It is said that no man
+liveth and no man dieth to himself; and the pure and noble life of
+Garfield, and his slow, long martyrdom, so bravely borne in view of all,
+are, I believe, bearing for us as a people "the peaceable fruits of
+righteousness."  We are stronger, wiser, better, for them.
+
+With him it is well.  His mission fulfilled, he goes to his grave by the
+Lakeside honored and lamented as man never was before.  The whole world
+mourns him.  There is no speech nor language where the voice of his
+praise is not heard.  About his grave gather, with heads uncovered, the
+vast brotherhood of man.
+
+And with us it is well, also.  We are nearer a united people than ever
+before.  We are at peace with all; our future is full of promise; our
+industrial and financial condition is hopeful.  God grant that, while our
+material interests prosper, the moral and spiritual influence of the
+occasion may be permanently felt; that the solemn sacrament of Sorrow,
+whereof we have been made partakers, may be blest to the promotion of the
+righteousness which exalteth a nation.
+
+
+
+
+LYDIA MARIA CHILD.
+
+     In 1882 a collection of the Letters of Lydia Maria Child was
+     published, for which I wrote the following sketch, as an
+     introduction:--
+
+In presenting to the public this memorial volume, its compilers deemed
+that a brief biographical introduction was necessary; and as a labor of
+love I have not been able to refuse their request to prepare it.
+
+Lydia Maria Francis was born in Medford, Massachusetts, February 11,
+1802.  Her father, Convers Francis, was a worthy and substantial citizen
+of that town.  Her brother, Convers Francis, afterwards theological
+professor in Harvard College, was some years older than herself, and
+assisted her in her early home studies, though, with the perversity of an
+elder brother, he sometimes mystified her in answering her questions.
+Once, when she wished to know what was meant by Milton's "raven down of
+darkness," which was made to smile when smoothed, he explained that it
+was only the fur of a black cat, which sparkled when stroked!  Later in
+life this brother wrote of her, "She has been a dear, good sister to me
+would that I had been half as good a brother to her."  Her earliest
+teacher was an aged spinster, known in the village as "Marm Betty,"
+painfully shy, and with many oddities of person and manner, the never-
+forgotten calamity of whose life was that Governor Brooks once saw her
+drinking out of the nose of her tea-kettle.  Her school was in her
+bedroom, always untidy, and she was a constant chewer of tobacco but the
+children were fond of her, and Maria and her father always carried her a
+good Sunday dinner.  Thomas W. Higginson, in _Eminent Women of the Age_,
+mentions in this connection that, according to an established custom, on
+the night before Thanksgiving "all the humble friends of the Francis
+household--Marm Betty, the washerwoman, wood-sawyer, and journeymen, some
+twenty or thirty in all--were summoned to a preliminary entertainment.
+They there partook of an immense chicken pie, pumpkin pie made in milk-
+pans, and heaps of doughnuts.  They feasted in the large, old-fashioned
+kitchen, and went away loaded with crackers and bread and pies, not
+forgetting 'turnovers' for the children.  Such plain application of the
+doctrine that it is more blessed to give than receive may have done more
+to mould the character of Lydia Maria Child of maturer years than all the
+faithful labors of good Dr. Osgood, to whom she and her brother used to
+repeat the Assembly's catechism once a month."
+
+Her education was limited to the public schools, with the exception of
+one year at a private seminary in her native town.  From a note by her
+brother, Dr. Francis, we learn that when twelve years of age she went to
+Norridgewock, Maine, where her married sister resided.  At Dr. Brown's,
+in Skowhegan, she first read _Waverley_.  She was greatly excited, and
+exclaimed, as she laid down the book, "Why cannot I write a novel?"
+She remained in Norridgewock and vicinity for several years, and on her
+return to Massachusetts took up her abode with her brother at Watertown.
+He encouraged her literary tastes, and it was in his study that she
+commenced her first story, _Hobomok_, which she published in the twenty-
+first year of her age.  The success it met with induced her to give to
+the public, soon after, _The Rebels: a Tale of the Revolution_, which was
+at once received into popular favor, and ran rapidly through several
+editions.  Then followed in close succession _The Mother's Book_, running
+through eight American editions, twelve English, and one German, _The
+Girl's Book_, the _History of Women_, and the _Frugal Housewife_, of
+which thirty-five editions were published.  Her _Juvenile Miscellany_ was
+commenced in 1826.
+
+It is not too much to say that half a century ago she was the most
+popular literary woman in the United States.  She had published
+historical novels of unquestioned power of description and
+characterization, and was widely and favorably known as the editor of the
+_Juvenile Miscellany_, which was probably the first periodical in the
+English tongue devoted exclusively to children, and to which she was by
+far the largest contributor.  Some of the tales and poems from her pen
+were extensively copied and greatly admired.  It was at this period that
+the _North American Review_, the highest literary authority of the
+country, said of her, "We are not sure that any woman of our country
+could outrank Mrs. Child.  This lady has been long before the public as
+an author with much success.  And she well deserves it, for in all her
+works nothing can be found which does not commend itself, by its tone of
+healthy morality and good sense.  Few female writers, if any, have done
+more or better things for our literature in the lighter or graver
+departments."
+
+Comparatively young, she had placed herself in the front rank of American
+authorship.  Her books and her magazine had a large circulation, and were
+affording her a comfortable income, at a time when the rewards of
+authorship were uncertain and at the best scanty.
+
+In 1828 she married David Lee Child, Esq., a young and able lawyer, and
+took up her residence in Boston.  In 1831-32 both became deeply
+interested in the subject of slavery, through the writings and personal
+influence of William Lloyd Garrison.  Her husband, a member of the
+Massachusetts legislature and editor of the _Massachusetts Journal_, had,
+at an earlier date, denounced the project of the dismemberment of Mexico
+for the purpose of strengthening and extending American slavery.  He was
+one of the earliest members of the New England Anti-Slavery Society, and
+his outspoken hostility to the peculiar institution greatly and
+unfavorably affected his interests as a lawyer.  In 1832 he addressed a
+series of able letters on slavery and the slave-trade to Edward S. Abdy,
+a prominent English philanthropist.  In 1836 he published in Philadelphia
+ten strongly written articles on the same subject.  He visited England
+and France in 1837, and while in Paris addressed an elaborate memoir to
+the Societe pour l'Abolition d'Esclavage, and a paper on the same subject
+to the editor of the _Eclectic Review_, in London.  To his facts and
+arguments John Quincy Adams was much indebted in the speeches which he
+delivered in Congress on the Texas question.
+
+In 1833 the American Anti-Slavery Society was formed by a convention in
+Philadelphia.  Its numbers were small, and it was everywhere spoken
+against.  It was at this time that Lydia Maria Child startled the country
+by the publication of her noble _Appeal in Behalf of that Class of
+Americans called Africans_.  It is quite impossible for any one of the
+present generation to imagine the popular surprise and indignation which
+the book called forth, or how entirely its author cut herself off from
+the favor and sympathy of a large number of those who had previously
+delighted to do her honor.  Social and literary circles, which had been
+proud of her presence, closed their doors against her.  The sale of her
+books, the subscriptions to her magazine, fell off to a ruinous extent.
+She knew all she was hazarding, and made the great sacrifice, prepared
+for all the consequences which followed.  In the preface to her book she
+says, "I am fully aware of the unpopularity of the task I have
+undertaken; but though I expect ridicule and censure, I do not fear them.
+A few years hence, the opinion of the world will be a matter in which I
+have not even the most transient interest; but this book will be abroad
+on its mission of humanity long after the hand that wrote it is mingling
+with the dust.  Should it be the means of advancing, even one single
+hour, the inevitable progress of truth and justice, I would not exchange
+the consciousness for all Rothschild's wealth or Sir Walter's fame."
+
+Thenceforth her life was a battle; a constant rowing hard against the
+stream of popular prejudice and hatred.  And through it all--pecuniary
+privation, loss of friends and position, the painfulness of being
+suddenly thrust from "the still air of delightful studies" into the
+bitterest and sternest controversy of the age--she bore herself with
+patience, fortitude, and unshaken reliance upon the justice and ultimate
+triumph of the cause she had espoused.  Her pen was never idle.  Wherever
+there was a brave word to be spoken, her voice was heard, and never
+without effect.  It is not exaggeration to say that no man or woman at
+that period rendered more substantial service to the cause of freedom, or
+made such a "great renunciation" in doing it.
+
+A practical philanthropist, she had the courage of her convictions, and
+from the first was no mere closet moralist or sentimental bewailer of the
+woes of humanity.  She was the Samaritan stooping over the wounded Jew.
+She calmly and unflinchingly took her place by the side, of the despised
+slave and free man of color, and in word and act protested against the
+cruel prejudice which shut out its victims from the rights and privileges
+of American citizens.  Her philanthropy had no taint of fanaticism;
+throughout the long struggle, in which she was a prominent actor, she
+kept her fine sense of humor, good taste, and sensibility to the
+beautiful in art and nature.
+
+     The opposition she met with from those who had shared her confidence
+     and friendship was of course keenly felt, but her kindly and genial
+     disposition remained unsoured.  She rarely spoke of her personal
+     trials, and never posed as a martyr.  The nearest approach to
+     anything like complaint is in the following lines, the date of which
+     I have not been able to ascertain:--
+
+               THE WORLD THAT I AM PASSING THROUGH.
+
+               Few in the days of early youth
+               Trusted like me in love and truth.
+               I've learned sad lessons from the years,
+               But slowly, and with many tears;
+               For God made me to kindly view
+               The world that I am passing through.
+
+               Though kindness and forbearance long
+               Must meet ingratitude and wrong,
+               I still would bless my fellow-men,
+               And trust them though deceived again.
+               God help me still to kindly view
+               The world that I am passing through.
+
+               From all that fate has brought to me
+               I strive to learn humility,
+               And trust in Him who rules above,
+               Whose universal law is love.
+               Thus only can I kindly view
+               The world that I am passing through.
+
+               When I approach the setting sun,
+               And feel my journey well-nigh done,
+               May Earth be veiled in genial light,
+               And her last smile to me seem bright.
+               Help me till then to kindly view
+               The world that I am passing through.
+
+               And all who tempt a trusting heart
+               From faith and hope to drift apart,
+               May they themselves be spared the pain
+               Of losing power to trust again.
+               God help us all to kindly view
+               The world that we are passing through.
+
+While faithful to the great duty which she felt was laid upon her in an
+especial manner, she was by no means a reformer of one idea, but her
+interest was manifested in every question affecting the welfare of
+humanity.  Peace, temperance, education, prison reform, and equality of
+civil rights, irrespective of sex, engaged her attention.  Under all the
+disadvantages of her estrangement from popular favor, her charming Greek
+romance of _Philothea_ and her _Lives of Madame Roland_ and the _Baroness
+de Stael_ proved that her literary ability had lost nothing of its
+strength, and that the hand which penned such terrible rebukes had still
+kept its delicate touch, and gracefully yielded to the inspiration of
+fancy and art.  While engaged with her husband in the editorial
+supervision of the _Anti-Slavery Standard_, she wrote her admirable
+_Letters from New York_; humorous, eloquent, and picturesque, but still
+humanitarian in tone, which extorted the praise of even a pro-slavery
+community.  Her great work, in three octavo volumes, _The Progress of
+Religious Ideas_, belongs, in part, to that period.  It is an attempt to
+represent in a candid, unprejudiced manner the rise and progress of the
+great religions of the world, and their ethical relations to each other.
+She availed herself of, and carefully studied, the authorities at that
+time accessible, and the result is creditable to her scholarship,
+industry, and conscientiousness.  If, in her desire to do justice to the
+religions of Buddha and Mohammed, in which she has been followed by
+Maurice, Max Muller, and Dean Stanley, she seems at times to dwell upon
+the best and overlook the darker features of those systems, her
+concluding reflections should vindicate her from the charge of
+undervaluing the Christian faith, or of lack of reverent appreciation of
+its founder.  In the closing chapter of her work, in which the large
+charity and broad sympathies of her nature are manifest, she thus turns
+with words of love, warm from the heart, to Him whose Sermon on the Mount
+includes most that is good and true and vital in the religions and
+philosophies of the world:--
+
+"It was reserved for Him to heal the brokenhearted, to preach a gospel to
+the poor, to say, 'Her sins, which are many, are forgiven, for she loved
+much.'  Nearly two thousand years have passed away since these words of
+love and pity were uttered, yet when I read them my eyes fill with tears.
+I thank Thee, O Heavenly Father, for all the messengers thou hast sent to
+man; but, above all, I thank Thee for Him, thy beloved Son!  Pure lily
+blossom of the centuries, taking root in the lowliest depths, and
+receiving the light and warmth of heaven in its golden heart!  All that
+the pious have felt, all that poets have said, all that artists have
+done, with their manifold forms of beauty, to represent the ministry of
+Jesus, are but feeble expressions of the great debt we owe Him who is
+even now curing the lame, restoring sight to the blind, and raising the
+dead in that spiritual sense wherein all miracle is true."
+
+During her stay in New York, as editor of the _Anti-Slavery Standard_,
+she found a pleasant home at the residence of the genial philanthropist,
+Isaac T. Hopper, whose remarkable life she afterwards wrote.  Her
+portrayal of this extraordinary man, so brave, so humorous, so tender and
+faithful to his convictions of duty, is one of the most readable pieces
+of biography in English literature.  Thomas Wentworth Higginson, in a
+discriminating paper published in 1869, speaks of her eight years'
+sojourn in New York as the most interesting and satisfactory period of
+her whole life.  "She was placed where her sympathetic nature found
+abundant outlet and occupation.  Dwelling in a house where
+disinterestedness and noble labor were as daily breath, she had great
+opportunities.  There was no mere alms-giving; but sin and sorrow must
+be brought home to the fireside and the heart; the fugitive slave, the
+drunkard, the outcast woman, must be the chosen guests of the abode,--
+must be taken, and held, and loved into reformation or hope."
+
+It would be a very imperfect representation of Maria Child which regarded
+her only from a literary point of view.  She was wise in counsel; and men
+like Charles Sumner, Henry Wilson, Salmon P. Chase, and Governor Andrew
+availed themselves of her foresight and sound judgment of men and
+measures.  Her pen was busy with correspondence, and whenever a true man
+or a good cause needed encouragement, she was prompt to give it.  Her
+donations for benevolent causes and beneficent reforms were constant and
+liberal; and only those who knew her intimately could understand the
+cheerful and unintermitted self-denial which alone enabled her to make
+them.  She did her work as far as possible out of sight, without noise or
+pretension.  Her time, talents, and money were held not as her own, but a
+trust from the Eternal Father for the benefit of His suffering children.
+Her plain, cheap dress was glorified by the generous motive for which she
+wore it.  Whether in the crowded city among the sin-sick and starving, or
+among the poor and afflicted in the neighborhood of her country home, no
+story of suffering and need, capable of alleviation, ever reached her
+without immediate sympathy and corresponding action.  Lowell, one of her
+warmest admirers, in his _Fable for Critics_ has beautifully portrayed
+her abounding benevolence:--
+
+     "There comes Philothea, her face all aglow:
+     She has just been dividing some poor creature's woe,
+     And can't tell which pleases her most, to relieve
+     His want, or his story to hear and believe.
+     No doubt against many deep griefs she prevails,
+     For her ear is the refuge of destitute tales;
+     She knows well that silence is sorrow's best food,
+     And that talking draws off from the heart its black blood."
+
+     "The pole, science tells us, the magnet controls,
+     But she is a magnet to emigrant Poles,
+     And folks with a mission that nobody knows
+     Throng thickly about her as bees round a rose.
+     She can fill up the carets in such, make their scope
+     Converge to some focus of rational hope,
+     And, with sympathies fresh as the morning, their gall
+     Can transmute into honey,--but this is not all;
+     Not only for those she has solace; O, say,
+     Vice's desperate nursling adrift in Broadway,
+     Who clingest, with all that is left of thee human,
+     To the last slender spar from the wreck of the woman,
+     Hast thou not found one shore where those tired, drooping feet
+     Could reach firm mother-earth, one full heart on whose beat
+     The soothed head in silence reposing could hear
+     The chimes of far childhood throb back on the ear?"
+
+     "Ah, there's many a beam from the fountain of day
+     That, to reach us unclouded, must pass, on its way,
+     Through the soul of a woman, and hers is wide ope
+     To the influence of Heaven as the blue eyes of Hope;
+     Yes, a great heart is hers, one that dares to go in
+     To the prison, the slave-hut, the alleys of sin,
+     And to bring into each, or to find there, some line
+     Of the never completely out-trampled divine;
+     If her heart at high floods swamps her brain now and then,
+     'T is but richer for that when the tide ebbs again,
+     As, after old Nile has subsided, his plain
+     Overflows with a second broad deluge of grain;
+     What a wealth would it bring to the narrow and sour,
+     Could they be as a Child but for one little hour!"
+
+After leaving New York, her husband and herself took up their residence
+in the rural town of Wayland, Mass.  Their house, plain and
+unpretentious, had a wide and pleasant outlook; a flower garden,
+carefully tended by her own hands, in front, and on the side a fruit
+orchard and vegetable garden, under the special care of her husband.  The
+house was always neat, with some appearance of unostentatious decoration,
+evincing at once the artistic taste of the hostess and the conscientious
+economy which forbade its indulgence to any great extent.  Her home was
+somewhat apart from the lines of rapid travel, and her hospitality was in
+a great measure confined to old and intimate friends, while her visits to
+the city were brief and infrequent.  A friend of hers, who had ample
+opportunities for a full knowledge of her home-life, says, "The domestic
+happiness of Mr. and Mrs. Child seemed to me perfect.  Their sympathies,
+their admiration of all things good, and their hearty hatred of all
+things mean and evil were in entire unison.  Mr. Child shared his wife's
+enthusiasms, and was very proud of her.  Their affection, never paraded,
+was always manifest.  After Mr. Child's death, Mrs. Child, in speaking of
+the future life, said, 'I believe it would be of small value to me if I
+were not united to him.'"
+
+In this connection I cannot forbear to give an extract from some
+reminiscences of her husband, which she left among her papers, which,
+better than any words of mine, will convey an idea of their simple and
+beautiful home-life:--
+
+"In 1852 we made a humble home in Wayland, Mass., where we spent twenty-
+two pleasant years entirely alone, without any domestic, mutually serving
+each other, and dependent upon each other for intellectual companionship.
+I always depended on his richly stored mind, which was able and ready to
+furnish needed information on any subject.  He was my walking dictionary
+of many languages, my Universal Encyclopaedia.
+
+"In his old age he was as affectionate and devoted as when the lover of
+my youth; nay, he manifested even more tenderness.  He was often
+singing,--
+
+               "'There's nothing half so sweet in life
+               As Love's old dream.'
+
+"Very often, when he passed by me, he would lay his hand softly on my
+head and murmur, 'Carum caput.' .  .  .  But what I remember with the
+most tender gratitude is his uniform patience and forbearance with my
+faults.  .  .  .  He never would see anything but the bright side of my
+character.  He always insisted upon thinking that whatever I said was the
+wisest and the wittiest, and that whatever I did was the best.  The
+simplest little jeu d'esprit of mine seemed to him wonderfully witty.
+Once, when he said, 'I wish for your sake, dear, I were as rich as
+Croesus,' I answered, 'You are Croesus, for you are king of Lydia.' How
+often he used to quote that!
+
+"His mind was unclouded to the last.  He had a passion for philology, and
+only eight hours before he passed away he was searching out the
+derivation of a word."
+
+Her well-stored mind and fine conversational gifts made her company
+always desirable.  No one who listened to her can forget the earnest
+eloquence with which she used to dwell upon the evidences, from history,
+tradition, and experience, of the superhuman and supernatural; or with
+what eager interest she detected in the mysteries of the old religions of
+the world the germs of a purer faith and a holier hope.  She loved to
+listen, as in St. Pierre's symposium of _The Coffee-House of Surat_,
+to the confessions of faith of all sects and schools of philosophy,
+Christian and pagan, and gather from them the consoling truth that our
+Father has nowhere left his children without some witness of Himself.
+She loved the old mystics, and lingered with curious interest and
+sympathy over the writings of Bohme, Swedenborg, Molinos, and Woolman.
+Yet this marked speculative tendency seemed not in the slightest degree
+to affect her practical activities.  Her mysticism and realism ran in
+close parallel lines without interfering with each other.
+
+With strong rationalistic tendencies from education and conviction, she
+found herself in spiritual accord with the pious introversion of Thomas
+a Kempis and Madame Guion.  She was fond of Christmas Eve stories, of
+warnings, signs, and spiritual intimations, her half belief in which
+sometimes seemed like credulity to her auditors.  James Russell Lowell,
+in his tender tribute to her, playfully alludes to this characteristic:--
+
+          "She has such a musical taste that she 'll go
+          Any distance to hear one who draws a long bow.
+          She will swallow a wonder by mere might and main."
+
+In 1859 the descent of John Brown upon Harper's Ferry, and his capture,
+trial, and death, startled the nation.  When the news reached her that
+the misguided but noble old man lay desperately wounded in prison, alone
+and unfriended, she wrote him a letter, under cover of one to Governor
+Wise, asking permission to go and nurse and care for him.  The expected
+arrival of Captain Brown's wife made her generous offer unnecessary.  The
+prisoner wrote her, thanking her, and asking her to help his family, a
+request with which she faithfully complied.  With his letter came one
+from Governor Wise, in courteous reproval of her sympathy for John Brown.
+To this she responded in an able and effective manner.  Her reply found
+its way from Virginia to the New York Tribune, and soon after Mrs. Mason,
+of King George's County, wife of Senator Mason, the author of the
+infamous Fugitive Slave Law, wrote her a vehement letter, commencing with
+threats of future damnation, and ending with assuring her that "no
+Southerner, after reading her letter to Governor Wise, ought to read a
+line of her composition, or touch a magazine which bore her name in its
+list of contributors."  To this she wrote a calm, dignified reply,
+declining to dwell on the fierce invectives of her assailant, and wishing
+her well here and hereafter.  She would not debate the specific merits or
+demerits of a man whose body was in charge of the courts, and whose
+reputation was sure to be in charge of posterity.  "Men," she continues,
+"are of small consequence in comparison with principles, and the
+principle for which John Brown died is the question at issue between us."
+These letters were soon published in pamphlet form, and had the immense
+circulation of 300,000 copies.
+
+In 1867 she published _A Romance of the Republic_, a story of the days of
+slavery; powerful in its delineation of some of the saddest as well as
+the most dramatic conditions of master and slave in the Southern States.
+Her husband, who had been long an invalid, died in 1874.  After his death
+her home, in winter especially, became a lonely one, and in 1877 she
+began to spend the cold months in Boston.
+
+Her last publication was in 1878, when her _Aspirations of the World_, a
+book of selections, on moral and religious subjects, from the literature
+of all nations and times, was given to the public.  The introduction,
+occupying fifty pages, shows, at threescore and ten, her mental vigor
+unabated, and is remarkable for its wise, philosophic tone and felicity
+of diction.  It has the broad liberality of her more elaborate work on
+the same subject, and in the mellow light of life's sunset her words seem
+touched with a tender pathos and beauty.  "All we poor mortals," she
+says, "are groping our way through paths that are dim with shadows; and
+we are all striving, with steps more or less stumbling, to follow some
+guiding star.  As we travel on, beloved companions of our pilgrimage
+vanish from our sight, we know not whither; and our bereaved hearts utter
+cries of supplication for more light.  We know not where Hermes
+Trismegistus lived, or who he was; but his voice sounds plaintively
+human, coming up from the depths of the ages, calling out, 'Thou art God!
+and thy man crieth these things unto Thee!'  Thus closely allied in our
+sorrows and limitations, in our aspirations and hopes, surely we ought
+not to be separated in our sympathies.  However various the names by
+which we call the Heavenly Father, if they are set to music by brotherly
+love, they can all be sung together."
+
+Her interest in the welfare of the emancipated class at the South and of
+the ill-fated Indians of the West remained unabated, and she watched with
+great satisfaction the experiment of the education of both classes in
+General Armstrong's institution at Hampton, Va.  She omitted no
+opportunity of aiding the greatest social reform of the age, which aims
+to make the civil and political rights of women equal to those of men.
+Her sympathies, to the last, went out instinctively to the wronged and
+weak.  She used to excuse her vehemence in this respect by laughingly
+quoting lines from a poem entitled _The Under Dog in the Fight_:--
+
+          "I know that the world, the great big world,
+          Will never a moment stop
+          To see which dog may be in the wrong,
+          But will shout for the dog on top.
+
+          "But for me, I never shall pause to ask
+          Which dog may be in the right;
+          For my heart will beat, while it beats at all,
+          For the under dog in the fight."
+
+I am indebted to a gentleman who was at one time a resident of Wayland,
+and who enjoyed her confidence and warm friendship, for the following
+impressions of her life in that place:--
+
+"On one of the last beautiful Indian summer afternoons, closing the past
+year, I drove through Wayland, and was anew impressed with the charm of
+our friend's simple existence there.  The tender beauty of the fading
+year seemed a reflection of her own gracious spirit; the lovely autumn of
+her life, whose golden atmosphere the frosts of sorrow and advancing age
+had only clarified and brightened.
+
+"My earliest recollection of Mrs. Child in Wayland is of a gentle face
+leaning from the old stage window, smiling kindly down on the childish
+figures beneath her; and from that moment her gracious motherly presence
+has been closely associated with the charm of rural beauty in that
+village, which until very lately has been quite apart from the line of
+travel, and unspoiled by the rush and worry of our modern steam-car mode
+of living.
+
+"Mrs. Child's life in the place made, indeed, an atmosphere of its own, a
+benison of peace and good-will, which was a noticeable feature to all who
+were acquainted with the social feeling of the little community, refined,
+as it was too, by the elevating influence of its distinguished pastor,
+Dr. Sears.  Many are the acts of loving kindness and maternal care which
+could be chronicled of her residence there, were we permitted to do so;
+and numberless are the lives that have gathered their onward impulse from
+her helping hand.  But it was all a confidence which she hardly betrayed
+to her inmost self, and I will not recall instances which might be her
+grandest eulogy.  Her monument is builded in the hearts which knew her
+benefactions, and it will abide with 'the power that makes for
+righteousness.'
+
+"One of the pleasantest elements of her life in Wayland was the high
+regard she won from the people of the village, who, proud of her literary
+attainment, valued yet more the noble womanhood of the friend who dwelt
+so modestly among them.  The grandeur of her exalted personal character
+had, in part, eclipsed for them the qualities which made her fame with
+the world outside.
+
+"The little house on the quiet by-road overlooked broad green meadows.
+The pond behind it, where bloom the lilies whose spotless purity may well
+symbolize her gentle spirit, is a sacred pool to her townsfolk.  But
+perhaps the most fitting similitude of her life in Wayland was the quiet
+flow of the river, whose gentle curves make green her meadows, but whose
+powerful energy, joining the floods from distant mountains, moves, with
+resistless might, the busy shuttles of a hundred mills.  She was too
+truthful to affect to welcome unwarrantable invaders of her peace, but no
+weary traveller on life's hard ways ever applied to her in vain.  The
+little garden plot before her door was a sacred enclosure, not to be
+rudely intruded upon; but the flowers she tended with maternal care were
+no selfish possession, for her own enjoyment only, and many are the lives
+their sweetness has gladdened forever.  So she lived among a singularly
+peaceful and intelligent community as one of themselves, industrious,
+wise, and happy; with a frugality whose motive of wider benevolence was
+in itself a homily and a benediction."
+
+In my last interview with her, our conversation, as had often happened
+before, turned upon the great theme of the future life.  She spoke, as I
+remember, calmly and not uncheerfully, but with the intense earnestness
+and reverent curiosity of one who felt already the shadow of the unseen
+world resting upon her.
+
+Her death was sudden and quite unexpected.  For some months she had been
+troubled with a rheumatic affection, but it was by no means regarded as
+serious.  A friend, who visited her a few days before her departure,
+found her in a comfortable condition, apart from lameness.  She talked of
+the coming election with much interest, and of her plans for the winter.
+On the morning of her death (October 20, 1880) she spoke of feeling
+remarkably well.  Before leaving her chamber she complained of severe
+pain in the region of the heart.  Help was called by her companion, but
+only reached her to witness her quiet passing away.
+
+The funeral was, as befitted one like her, plain and simple.  Many of her
+old friends were present, and Wendell Phillips paid an affecting and
+eloquent tribute to his old friend and anti-slavery coadjutor.  He
+referred to the time when she accepted, with serene self-sacrifice, the
+obloquy which her _Appeal_ had brought upon her, and noted, as one of the
+many ways in which popular hatred was manifested, the withdrawal from her
+of the privileges of the Boston Athenaeum.  Her pallbearers were elderly,
+plain farmers in the neighborhood; and, led by the old white-haired
+undertaker, the procession wound its way to the not distant burial-
+ground, over the red and gold of fallen leaves, and tinder the half-
+clouded October sky.  A lover of all beautiful things, she was, as her
+intimate friends knew, always delighted by the sight of rainbows, and
+used to so arrange prismatic glasses as to throw the colors on the walls
+of her room.  Just after her body was consigned to the earth, a
+magnificent rainbow spanned with its are of glory the eastern sky.
+
+     The incident at her burial is alluded to in a sonnet written by
+     William P.  Andrews:--
+
+          "Freedom! she knew thy summons, and obeyed
+          That clarion voice as yet scarce heard of men;
+          Gladly she joined thy red-cross service when
+          Honor and wealth must at thy feet be laid
+          Onward with faith undaunted, undismayed
+          By threat or scorn, she toiled with hand and brain
+          To make thy cause triumphant, till the chain
+          Lay broken, and for her the freedmen prayed.
+          Nor yet she faltered; in her tender care
+          She took us all; and wheresoe'er she went,
+          Blessings, and Faith, and Beauty followed there,
+          E'en to the end, where she lay down content;
+          And with the gold light of a life more fair,
+          Twin bows of promise o'er her grave were blest."
+
+The letters in this collection constitute but a small part of her large
+correspondence.  They have been gathered up and arranged by the hands of
+dear relatives and friends as a fitting memorial of one who wrote from
+the heart as well as the head, and who held her literary reputation
+subordinate always to her philanthropic aim to lessen the sum of human
+suffering, and to make the world better for her living.  If they
+sometimes show the heat and impatience of a zealous reformer, they may
+well be pardoned in consideration of the circumstances under which they
+were written, and of the natural indignation of a generous nature in view
+of wrong and oppression.  If she touched with no very reverent hand the
+garment hem of dogmas, and held to the spirit of Scripture rather than
+its letter, it must be remembered that she lived in a time when the Bible
+was cited in defence of slavery, as it is now in Utah in support of
+polygamy; and she may well be excused for some degree of impatience with
+those who, in the tithing of mint and anise and cummin, neglected the
+weightier matters of the law of justice and mercy.
+
+Of the men and women directly associated with the beloved subject of this
+sketch, but few are now left to recall her single-hearted devotion to
+apprehended duty, her unselfish generosity, her love of all beauty and
+harmony, and her trustful reverence, free from pretence and cant.  It is
+not unlikely that the surviving sharers of her love and friendship may
+feel the inadequateness of this brief memorial, for I close it with the
+consciousness of having failed to fully delineate the picture which my
+memory holds of a wise and brave, but tender and loving woman, of whom it
+might well have been said, in the words of the old Hebrew text, "Many,
+daughters have done virtuously, but thou excellest them all."
+
+
+
+
+OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES
+
+     On the occasion of the seventy-fifth birthday of Dr. Holmes _The
+     Critic of New York_ collected personal tributes from friends and
+     admirers of that author.  My own contribution was as follows:--
+
+Poet, essayist, novelist, humorist, scientist, ripe scholar, and wise
+philosopher, if Dr. Holmes does not, at the present time, hold in popular
+estimation the first place in American literature, his rare versatility
+is the cause.  In view of the inimitable prose writer, we forget the
+poet; in our admiration of his melodious verse, we lose sight of _Elsie
+Venner_ and _The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table_.  We laugh over his wit
+and humor, until, to use his own words,
+
+     "We suspect the azure blossom that unfolds upon a shoot,
+     As if Wisdom's old potato could not flourish at its root;"
+
+and perhaps the next page melts us into tears by a pathos only equalled
+by that of Sterne's sick Lieutenant.  He is Montaigne and Bacon under one
+hat.  His varied qualities would suffice for the mental furnishing of
+half a dozen literary specialists.
+
+To those who have enjoyed the privilege of his intimate acquaintance, the
+man himself is more than the author.  His genial nature, entire freedom
+from jealousy or envy, quick tenderness, large charity, hatred of sham,
+pretence, and unreality, and his reverent sense of the eternal and
+permanent have secured for him something more and dearer than literary
+renown,--the love of all who know him.  I might say much more: I could
+not say less.  May his life be long in the land.
+
+Amesbury, Mass., 8th Month, 18, 1884.
+
+
+
+
+LONGFELLOW
+
+     Written to the chairman of the committee of arrangements for
+     unveiling the bust of Longfellow at Portland, Maine, on the poet's
+     birthday, February 27, 1885.
+
+I am sorry it is not in my power to accept the invitation of the
+committee to be present at the unveiling of the bust of Longfellow on the
+27th instant, or to write anything worthy of the occasion in metrical
+form.
+
+The gift of the Westminster Abbey committee cannot fail to add another
+strong tie of sympathy between two great English-speaking peoples.  And
+never was gift more fitly bestowed.  The city of Portland--the poet's
+birthplace, "beautiful for situation," looking from its hills on the
+scenery he loved so well, Deering's Oaks, the many-islanded bay and far
+inland mountains, delectable in sunset--needed this sculptured
+representation of her illustrious son, and may well testify her joy and
+gratitude at its reception, and repeat in so doing the words of the
+Hebrew prophet: "O man, greatly beloved!  thou shalt stand in thy place."
+
+
+
+
+OLD NEWBURY.
+
+     Letter to Samuel J. Spalding, D.  D., on the occasion of the
+     celebration of the 250th anniversary of the settlement of Newbury.
+
+MY DEAR FRIEND,--I am sorry that I cannot hope to be with you on the
+250th anniversary of the settlement of old Newbury.  Although I can
+hardly call myself a son of the ancient town, my grandmother, Sarah
+Greenleaf, of blessed memory, was its daughter, and I may therefore claim
+to be its grandson.  Its genial and learned historian, Joshua Coffin, was
+my first school-teacher, and all my life I have lived in sight of its
+green hills and in hearing of its Sabbath bells.  Its wealth of natural
+beauty has not been left unsung by its own poets, Hannah Gould, Mrs.
+Hopkins, George Lunt, and Edward A. Washburn, while Harriet Prescott
+Spofford's Plum Island Sound is as sweet and musical as Tennyson's Brook.
+Its history and legends are familiar to me.  I seem to have known all its
+old worthies, whose descendants have helped to people a continent, and
+who have carried the name and memories of their birthplace to the Mexican
+gulf and across the Rocky Mountains to the shores of the Pacific.  They
+were the best and selectest of Puritanism, brave, honest, God-fearing men
+and women; and if their creed in the lapse of time has lost something of
+its vigor, the influence of their ethical righteousness still endures.
+The prophecy of Samuel Sewall that Christians should be found in Newbury
+so long as pigeons shall roost on its oaks and Indian corn grows in
+Oldtown fields remains still true, and we trust will always remain so.
+Yet, as of old, the evil personage sometimes intrudes himself into
+company too good for him.  It was said in the witchcraft trials of 1692
+that Satan baptized his converts at Newbury Falls, the scene, probably,
+of one of Hawthorne's weird _Twice Told Tales_; and there is a tradition
+that, in the midst of a heated controversy between one of Newbury's
+painful ministers and his deacon, who (anticipating Garrison by a
+century) ventured to doubt the propriety of clerical slaveholding, the
+Adversary made his appearance in the shape of a black giant stalking
+through Byfield.  It was never, I believe, definitely settled whether he
+was drawn there by the minister's zeal in defence of slavery or the
+deacon's irreverent denial of the minister's right and duty to curse
+Canaan in the person of his negro.
+
+Old Newbury has sometimes been spoken of as ultra-conservative and
+hostile to new ideas and progress, but this is not warranted by its
+history.  More than two centuries ago, when Major Pike, just across the
+river, stood up and denounced in open town meeting the law against
+freedom of conscience and worship, and was in consequence fined and
+outlawed, some of Newbury's best citizens stood bravely by him.  The town
+took no part in the witchcraft horror, and got none of its old women and
+town charges hanged for witches, "Goody" Morse had the spirit rappings in
+her house two hundred years earlier than the Fox girls did, and somewhat
+later a Newbury minister, in wig and knee-buckles, rode, Bible in hand,
+over to Hampton to lay a ghost who had materialized himself and was
+stamping up and down stairs in his military boots.
+
+Newbury's ingenious citizen, Jacob Perkins, in drawing out diseases with
+his metallic tractors, was quite as successful as modern "faith and mind"
+doctors.  The Quakers, whipped at Hampton on one hand and at Salem on the
+other, went back and forth unmolested in Newbury, for they could make no
+impression on its iron-clad orthodoxy.  Whitefield set the example, since
+followed by the Salvation Army, of preaching in its streets, and now lies
+buried under one of its churches with almost the honors of sainthood.
+William Lloyd Garrison was born in Newbury.  The town must be regarded as
+the Alpha and Omega of anti-slavery agitation, beginning with its
+abolition deacon and ending with Garrison.  Puritanism, here as
+elsewhere, had a flavor of radicalism; it had its humorous side, and its
+ministers did not hesitate to use wit and sarcasm, like Elijah before the
+priests of Baal.  As, for instance, the wise and learned clergyman,
+Puritan of the Puritans, beloved and reverenced by all, who has just laid
+down the burden of his nearly one hundred years, startled and shamed his
+brother ministers who were zealously for the enforcement of the Fugitive
+Slave Law, by preparing for them a form of prayer for use while engaged
+in catching runaway slaves.
+
+I have, I fear, dwelt too long upon the story and tradition of the old
+town, which will doubtless be better told by the orator of the day.  The
+theme is to me full of interest.  Among the blessings which I would
+gratefully own is the fact that my lot has been cast in the beautiful
+valley of the Merrimac, within sight of Newbury steeples, Plum Island,
+and Crane Neck and Pipe Stave hills.
+
+Let me, in closing, pay something of the debt I have owed from boyhood,
+by expressing a sentiment in which I trust every son of the ancient town
+will unite: Joshua Coffin, historian of Newbury, teacher, scholar, and
+antiquarian, and one of the earliest advocates of slave emancipation. May
+his memory be kept green, to use the words of Judge Sewall, "so long as
+Plum island keeps its post and a sturgeon leaps in Merrimac River."
+
+Amesbury, 6th Month, 1885.
+
+
+
+
+SCHOOLDAY REMEMBRANCES.
+
+     To Rev. Charles Wingate, Hon. James H. Carleton, Thomas B. Garland,
+     Esq., Committee of Students of Haverhill Academy:
+
+DEAR FRIENDS,--I was most agreeably surprised last evening by receiving
+your carefully prepared and beautiful Haverhill Academy Album, containing
+the photographs of a large number of my old friends and schoolmates.  I
+know of nothing which could have given me more pleasure.  If the faces
+represented are not so unlined and ruddy as those which greeted each
+other at the old academy, on the pleasant summer mornings so long ago,
+when life was before us, with its boundless horizon of possibilities,
+yet, as I look over them, I see that, on the whole, Time has not been
+hard with us, but has touched us gently.  The hieroglyphics he has traced
+upon us may, indeed, reveal something of the cares, trials, and sorrows
+incident to humanity, but they also tell of generous endeavor, beneficent
+labor, developed character, and the slow, sure victories of patience and
+fortitude.  I turn to them with the proud satisfaction of feeling that I
+have been highly favored in my early companions, and that I have not been
+disappointed in my school friendships.  The two years spent at the
+academy I have always reckoned among the happiest of my life, though I
+have abundant reason for gratitude that, in the long, intervening years,
+I have been blessed beyond my deserving.
+
+It has been our privilege to live in an eventful period, and to witness
+wonderful changes since we conned our lessons together.  How little we
+then dreamed of the steam car, electric telegraph, and telephone!  We
+studied the history and geography of a world only half explored.  Our
+country was an unsolved mystery.  "The Great American Desert" was an
+awful blank on our school maps.  We have since passed through the
+terrible ordeal of civil war, which has liberated enslaved millions, and
+made the union of the States an established fact, and no longer a
+doubtful theory.  If life is to be measured not so much by years as by
+thoughts, emotion, knowledge, action, and its opportunity of a free
+exercise of all our powers and faculties, we may congratulate ourselves
+upon really outliving the venerable patriarchs.  For myself, I would not
+exchange a decade of my own life for a century of the Middle Ages, or a
+"cycle of Cathay."
+
+Let me, gentlemen, return my heartiest thanks to you, and to all who have
+interested themselves in the preparation of the Academy Album, and assure
+you of my sincere wishes for your health and happiness.
+
+OAK KNOLL, DANVERS, 12th Month, 25, 1885.
+
+
+
+
+EDWIN PERCY WHIPPLE.
+
+I have been pained to learn of the decease of nay friend of many years,
+Edwin P. Whipple.  Death, however expected, is always something of a
+surprise, and in his case I was not prepared for it by knowing of any
+serious failure of his health.  With the possible exception of Lowell and
+Matthew Arnold, he was the ablest critical essayist of his time, and the
+place he has left will not be readily filled.
+
+Scarcely inferior to Macaulay in brilliance of diction and graphic
+portraiture, he was freer from prejudice and passion, and more loyal to
+the truth of fact and history.  He was a thoroughly honest man.  He wrote
+with conscience always at his elbow, and never sacrificed his real
+convictions for the sake of epigram and antithesis.  He instinctively
+took the right side of the questions that came before him for decision,
+even when by so doing he ranked himself with the unpopular minority.  He
+had the manliest hatred of hypocrisy and meanness; but if his language
+had at times the severity of justice, it was never merciless.  He "set
+down naught in malice."
+
+Never blind to faults, he had a quick and sympathetic eye for any real
+excellence or evidence of reserved strength in the author under
+discussion.
+
+He was a modest man, sinking his own personality out of sight, and he
+always seemed to me more interested in the success of others than in his
+own.  Many of his literary contemporaries have had reason to thank him
+not only for his cordial recognition and generous praise, but for the
+firm and yet kindly hand which pointed out deficiencies and errors of
+taste and judgment.  As one of those who have found pleasure and profit
+in his writings in the past, I would gratefully commend them to the
+generation which survives him.  His _Literature of the Age of Elizabeth_
+is deservedly popular, but there are none of his Essays which will not
+repay a careful study.  "What works of Mr. Baxter shall I read?" asked
+Boswell of Dr. Johnson.  "Read any of them," was the answer, "for they
+are all good."
+
+He will have an honored place in the history of American literature.  But
+I cannot now dwell upon his authorship while thinking of him as the
+beloved member of a literary circle now, alas sadly broken.  I recall the
+wise, genial companion and faithful friend of nearly half a century, the
+memory of whose words and acts of kindness moistens my eyes as I write.
+
+It is the inevitable sorrow of age that one's companions must drop away
+on the right hand and the left with increasing frequency, until we are
+compelled to ask with Wordsworth,--
+
+               "Who next shall fall and disappear?"
+
+But in the case of him who has just passed from us, we have the
+satisfaction of knowing that his life-work has been well and faithfully
+done, and that he leaves behind him only friends.
+
+DANVERS, 6th Month, 18, 1886.
+
+
+
+
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK, PERSONAL SKETCHES  ***
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