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diff --git a/9215-h/9215-h.htm b/9215-h/9215-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e7ad1a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/9215-h/9215-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,854 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> + +<!DOCTYPE html + PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd" > + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg E-text of Chippings with a Chisel, by Nathaniel + Hawthorne + </title> + <style type="text/css" xml:space="preserve"> + + body { margin:5%; background:#faebd0; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } + hr { width: 50%; text-align: center;} + .foot { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3em; font-size: 90%; } + blockquote {font-size: 97%; font-style: italic; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + .mynote {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; padding: .5em; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 95%;} + .toc { margin-left: 10%; margin-bottom: .75em;} + .toc2 { margin-left: 20%;} + div.fig { display:block; margin:0 auto; text-align:center; } + div.middle { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; } + .figleft {float: left; margin-left: 0%; margin-right: 1%;} + .figright {float: right; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 1%;} + .pagenum {display:inline; font-size: 70%; font-style:normal; + margin: 0; padding: 0; position: absolute; right: 1%; + text-align: right;} + pre { font-style: italic; font-size: 90%; margin-left: 10%;} + +</style> + </head> + <body> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Chippings With A Chisel (From "Twice Told +Tales"), by Nathaniel Hawthorne + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Chippings With A Chisel (From "Twice Told Tales") + +Author: Nathaniel Hawthorne + +Release Date: November, 2005 [EBook #9215] +First Posted: August 23, 2003 +Last Updated: December 14, 2016 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHIPPINGS WITH A CHISEL *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger and Al Haines. + + + + + +</pre> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h3> + TWICE TOLD TALES<br /> + </h3> + <h2> + CHIPPINGS WITH A CHISEL<br /> + </h2> + <h3> + By Nathaniel Hawthorne<br /> + </h3> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Passing a summer, several years since, at Edgartown, on the island of + Martha’s Vineyard, I became acquainted with a certain carver of + tombstones, who had travelled and voyaged thither from the interior of + Massachusetts, in search of professional employment. The speculation had + turned out so successful, that my friend expected to transmute slate and + marble into silver and gold, to the amount of at least a thousand dollars, + during the few months of his sojourn at Nantucket and the Vineyard. The + secluded life, and the simple and primitive spirit which still + characterizes the inhabitants of those islands, especially of Martha’s + Vineyard, insure their dead friends a longer and dearer remembrance than + the daily novelty and revolving bustle of the world can elsewhere afford + to beings of the past. Yet while every family is anxious to erect a + memorial to its departed members, the untainted breath of ocean bestows + such health and length of days upon the people of the isles, as would + cause a melancholy dearth of business to a resident artist in that line. + His own monument, recording his disease by starvation, would probably be + an early specimen of his skill. Gravestones, therefore, have generally + been an article of imported merchandise. + </p> + <p> + In my walks through the burial-ground of Edgartown,—where the dead + have lain so long that the soil, once enriched by their decay, has + returned to its original barrenness,—in that ancient burial-ground I + noticed much variety of monumental sculpture. The elder stones, dated a + century back, or more, have borders elaborately carved with flowers, and + are adorned with a multiplicity of death’s-heads, cross-bones, scythes, + hour-glasses, and other lugubrious emblems of mortality, with here and + there a winged cherub to direct the mourner’s spirit upward. These + productions of Gothic taste must have been quite beyond the colonial skill + of the day, and were probably carved in London, and brought across the + ocean to commemorate the defunct worthies of this lonely isle. The more + recent monuments are mere slabs of slate, in the ordinary style, without + any superfluous flourishes to set off the bald inscriptions. But others—and + those far the most impressive, both to my taste and feelings—were + roughly hewn from the gray rocks of the island, evidently by the unskilled + hands of surviving friends and relatives. On some there were merely the + initials of a name; some were inscribed with misspelt prose or rhyme, in + deep letters, which the moss and wintry rain of many years had not been + able to obliterate. These, these were graves where loved ones slept! It is + an old theme of satire, the falsehood and vanity of monumental eulogies; + but when affection and sorrow grave the letters with their own painful + labor, then we may be sure that they copy from the record on their hearts. + </p> + <p> + My acquaintance, the sculptor,—he may share that title with + Greenough, since the dauber of signs is a painter as well as Raphael,—had + found a ready market for all his blank slabs of marble, and full + occupation in lettering and ornamenting them. He was an elderly man, a + descendant of the old Puritan family of Wigglesworth, with a certain + simplicity and singleness, both of heart and mind, which, methinks, is + more rarely-found among us Yankees than in any other community of people. + In spite of his gray head and wrinkled brow, he was quite like a child in + all matters save what had some reference to his own business; he seemed, + unless my fancy misled me, to view mankind in no other relation than as + people in want of tombstones; and his literary attainments evidently + comprehended very little, either of prose or poetry, which had not, at one + time or other, been inscribed on slate or marble. His sole task and office + among the immortal pilgrims of the tomb—the duty for which + Providence had sent the old man into the world, as it were with a chisel + in his hand—was to label the dead bodies, lest their names should be + forgotten at the resurrection. Yet he had not failed, within a narrow + scope, to gather a few sprigs of earthly, and more than earthly, wisdom,—the + harvest of many a grave. + </p> + <p> + And lugubrious as his calling might appear, he was as cheerful an old soul + as health, and integrity, and lack of care, could make him, and used to + set to work upon one sorrowful inscription or another with that sort of + spirit which impels a man to sing at his labor. On the whole, I found Mr. + Wigglesworth an entertaining, and often instructive, if not an interesting + character; and partly for the charm of his society, and still more because + his work has an invariable attraction for “man that is born of woman,” I + was accustomed to spend some hours a day at his workshop. The quaintness + of his remarks, and their not infrequent truth,—a truth condensed + and pointed by the limited sphere of his view,—gave a raciness to + his talk, which mere worldliness and general cultivation would at once + have destroyed. + </p> + <p> + Sometimes we would discuss the respective merits of the various qualities + of marble, numerous slabs of which were resting against the walls of the + shop; or sometimes an hour or two would pass quietly, without a word on + either side, while I watched how neatly his chisel struck out letter after + letter of the names of the Nortons, the Mayhews, the Luces, the Daggets, + and other immemorial families of the Vineyard. Often, with an artist’s + pride, the good old sculptor would speak of favorite productions of his + skill, which were scattered throughout the village graveyards of New + England. But my chief and most instructive amusement was to witness his + interviews with his customers, who held interminable consultations about + the form and fashion of the desired monuments, the buried excellence to be + commemorated, the anguish to be expressed, and finally, the lowest price + in dollars and cents for which a marble transcript of their feelings might + be obtained. Really, my mind received many fresh ideas, which, perhaps, + may remain in it even longer than Mr. Wigglesworth’s hardest marble will + retain the deepest strokes of his chisel. + </p> + <p> + An elderly lady came to bespeak a monument for her first love, who had + been killed by a whale in the Pacific Ocean no less than forty years + before. It was singular that so strong an impression of early feeling + should have survived through the changes of her subsequent life, in the + course of which she had been a wife and a mother, and, so far as I could + judge, a comfortable and happy woman. Reflecting within myself, it + appeared to me that this lifelong sorrow—as, in all good faith, she + deemed it—was one of the most fortunate circumstances of her + history. It had given an ideality to her mind; it had kept her purer and + less earthly than she would otherwise have been, by drawing a portion of + her sympathies apart from earth. Amid the throng of enjoyments, and the + pressure of worldly care, and all the warm materialism of this life, she + had communed with a vision, and had been the better for such intercourse. + Faithful to the husband of her maturity, and loving him with a far more + real affection than she ever could have felt for this dream of her + girlhood, there had still been an imaginative faith to the ocean-buried, + so that an ordinary character had thus been elevated and refined. Her + sighs had been the breath of Heaven to her soul. The good lady earnestly + desired that the proposed monument should be ornamented with a carved + border of marine plants, intertwined with twisted sea-shells, such as were + probably waving over her lover’s skeleton, or strewn around it, in the far + depths of the Pacific. But Mr. Wigglesworth’s chisel being inadequate to + the task, she was forced to content herself with a rose, hanging its head + from a broken stem. After her departure, I remarked that the symbol was + none of the most apt. + </p> + <p> + “And yet,” said my friend the sculptor, embodying in this image the + thoughts that had been passing through my own mind, “that broken rose has + shed its sweet smell through forty years of the good woman’s life.” + </p> + <p> + It was seldom that I could find such pleasant food for contemplation as in + the above instance. None off the applicants, I think, affected me more + disagreeably than an old man who came, with his fourth wife hanging on his + arm, to bespeak gravestones for the three former occupants of his + marriage-bed. I watched with some anxiety to see whether his remembrance + of either were more affectionate than of the other two, but could discover + no symptom of the kind. The three monuments were all to be of the same + material and form, and each decorated, in bas-relief, with two + weeping-willows, one of these sympathetic trees bending over its fellow, + which was to be broken in the midst and rest upon a sepulchral urn. This, + indeed, was Mr. Wigglesworth’s standing emblem of conjugal bereavement. I + shuddered at the gray polygamist, who had so utterly lost the holy sense + of individuality in wedlock, that methought he was fain to reckon upon his + fingers how many women, who had once slept by his side, were now sleeping + in their graves. There was even—if I wrong him it is no great matter—a + glance sidelong at his living spouse, as if he were inclined to drive a + thriftier bargain by bespeaking four gravestones in a lot. I was better + pleased with a rough old whaling captain, who gave directions for a broad + marble slab, divided into two compartments, one of which was to contain an + epitaph on his deceased wife, and the other to be left vacant, till death + should engrave his own name there. As is frequently the case among the + whalers of Martha’s Vineyard, so much of this storm-beaten widower’s life + had been tossed away on distant seas, that out of twenty years of + matrimony he had spent scarce three, and those at scattered intervals, + beneath his own roof. Thus the wife of his youth, though she died in his + and her declining age, retained the bridal dewdrops fresh around her + memory. + </p> + <p> + My observations gave me the idea, and Mr. Wigglesworth confirmed it, that + husbands were more faithful in setting up memorials to their dead wives + than widows to their dead husbands. I was not ill-natured enough to fancy + that women, less than men, feel so sure of their own constancy as to be + willing to give a pledge of it in marble. It is more probably the fact, + that while men are able to reflect upon their lost companions as + remembrances apart from themselves, women, on the other hand, are + conscious that a portion of their being has gone with the departed + whithersoever he has gone. Soul clings to soul; the living dust has a + sympathy with the dust of the grave; and, by the very strength of that + sympathy, the wife of the dead shrinks the more sensitively from reminding + the world of its existence. The link is already strong enough; it needs no + visible symbol. And, though a shadow walks ever by her side, and the touch + of a chill hand is on her bosom, yet life, and perchance its natural + yearnings, may still be warm within her, and inspire her with new hopes of + happiness. Then would she mark out the grave, the scent of which would be + perceptible on the pillow of the second bridal? No—but rather level + its green mound with the surrounding earth, as if, when she dug up again + her buried heart, the spot had ceased to be a grave. Yet, in spite of + these sentimentalities, I was prodigiously amused by an incident, of which + I had not the good fortune to be a witness, but which Mr. Wigglesworth + related with considerable humor. A gentlewoman of the town, receiving news + of her husband’s loss at sea, had bespoken a handsome slab of marble, and + came daily to watch the progress of my friend’s chisel. One afternoon, + when the good lady and the sculptor were in the very midst of the epitaph, + which the departed spirit might have been greatly comforted to read, who + should walk into the workshop but the deceased himself, in substance as + well as spirit! He had been picked up at sea, and stood in no present need + of tombstone or epitaph. + </p> + <p> + “And how,” inquired I, “did his wife bear the shock of joyful surprise?” + </p> + <p> + “Why,” said the old man, deepening the grin of a death’s-head, on which + his chisel was just then employed, “I really felt for the poor woman; it + was one of my best pieces of marble,—and to be thrown away on a + living man!” + </p> + <p> + A comely woman, with a pretty rosebud of a daughter, came to select a + gravestone for a twin-daughter, who had died a month before. I was + impressed with the different nature of their feelings for the dead; the + mother was calm and wofully resigned, fully conscious of her loss, as of a + treasure which she had not always possessed, and, therefore, had been + aware that it might be taken from her; but the daughter evidently had no + real knowledge of what death’s doings were. Her thoughts knew, but not her + heart. It seemed to me, that by the print and pressure which the dead + sister had left upon the survivor’s spirit, her feelings were almost the + same as if she still stood side by side, and arm in arm, with the + departed, looking at the slabs of marble; and once or twice she glanced + around with a sunny smile, which, as its sister smile had faded forever, + soon grew confusedly overshadowed. Perchance her consciousness was truer + than her reflection,—perchance her dead sister was a closer + companion than in life. The mother and daughter talked a long while with + Mr. Wigglesworth about a suitable epitaph, and finally chose an ordinary + verse of ill-matched rhymes, which had already been inscribed upon + innumerable tombstones. But, when we ridicule the triteness of monumental + verses, we forget that Sorrow reads far deeper in them than we can, and + finds a profound and individual purport in what seems so vague and + inexpressive, unless interpreted by her. She makes the epitaph anew, + though the self-same words may have served for a thousand graves. + </p> + <p> + “And yet,” said I afterwards to Mr. Wigglesworth, “they might have made a + better choice than this. While you were discussing the subject, I was + struck by at least a dozen simple and natural expressions from the lips of + both mother and daughter. One of these would have formed an inscription + equally original and appropriate.” + </p> + <p> + “No, no,” replied the sculptor, shaking his head, “there is a good deal of + comfort to be gathered from these little old scraps of poetry; and so I + always recommend them in preference to any new-fangled ones. And somehow, + they seem to stretch to suit a great grief, and shrink to fit a small + one.” + </p> + <p> + It was not seldom that ludicrous images were excited by what took place + between Mr. Wigglesworth and his customers. A shrewd gentlewoman, who kept + a tavern in the town, was anxious to obtain two or three gravestones for + the deceased members of her family, and to pay for these solemn + commodities by taking the sculptor to board. Hereupon a fantasy arose in + my mind, of good Mr. Wigglesworth sitting down to dinner at a broad, flat + tombstone, carving one of his own plump little marble cherubs, gnawing a + pair of cross-bones, and drinking out of a hollow death’s-head, or perhaps + a lachrymatory vase, or sepulchral urn; while his hostess’s dead children + waited on him at the ghastly banquet. On communicating this nonsensical + picture to the old man, he laughed heartily, and pronounced my humor to be + of the right sort. + </p> + <p> + “I have lived at such a table all my days,” said he, “and eaten no small + quantity of slate and marble.” + </p> + <p> + “Hard fare!” rejoined I, smiling; “but you seemed to have found it + excellent of digestion, too.” + </p> + <p> + A man of fifty, or thereabouts, with a harsh, unpleasant countenance, + ordered a stone for the grave of his bitter enemy with whom he had waged + warfare half a lifetime, to their mutual misery and ruin. The secret of + this phenomenon was, that hatred had become the sustenance and enjoyment + of the poor wretch’s soul; it had supplied the place of all kindly + affections; it had been really a bond of sympathy between himself and the + man who shared the passion; and when its object died, the unappeasable foe + was the only mourner for the dead. He expressed a purpose of being buried + side by side with his enemy. + </p> + <p> + “I doubt whether their dust will mingle,” remarked the old sculptor to me; + for often there was an earthliness in his conceptions. + </p> + <p> + “O yes,” replied I, who had mused long upon the incident; “and when they + rise again, these bitter foes may find themselves dear friends. Methinks + what they mistook for hatred was but love under a mask.” + </p> + <p> + A gentleman of antiquarian propensities provided a memorial for an Indian + of Chabbiquidick, one of the few of untainted blood remaining in that + region, and said to be an hereditary chieftain, descended from the sachem + who welcomed Governor Mayhew to the Vineyard. Mr. Wigglesworth exerted his + best skill to carve a broken bow and scattered sheaf of arrows, in memory + of the hunters and warriors whose race was ended here; but he likewise + sculptured a cherub, to denote that the poor Indian had shared the + Christian’s hope of immortality. + </p> + <p> + “Why,” observed I, taking a perverse view of the winged boy and the bow + and arrows, “it looks more like Cupid’s tomb than an Indian chief’s!” + </p> + <p> + “You talk nonsense,” said the sculptor, with the offended pride of art; he + then added, with his usual good-nature, “How can Cupid die when there are + such pretty maidens in the Vineyard?” + </p> + <p> + “Very true,” answered I; and for the rest of the day I thought of other + matters than tombstones. + </p> + <p> + At our next meeting I found him chiselling an open book upon a marble + headstone, and concluded that it was meant to express the erudition of + some black-letter clergyman of the Cotton Mather school. It turned out, + however, to be emblematical of the scriptural knowledge of an old woman + who had never read anything but her Bible; and the monument was a tribute + to her piety and good works, from the Orthodox church, of which she had + been a member. In strange contrast with this Christian woman’s memorial, + was that of an infidel, whose gravestone, by his own direction, bore an + avowal of his belief that the spirt within him would be extinguished like + a flame, and that the nothingness whence he sprang would receive him + again. Mr. Wigglesworth consulted me as to the propriety of enabling a + dead man’s dust to utter this dreadful creed. + </p> + <p> + “If I thought,” said he, “that a single mortal would read the inscription + without a shudder, my chisel should never cut a letter of it. But when the + grave speaks such falsehoods, the soul of man will know the truth by its + own horror.” + </p> + <p> + “So it will,” said I, struck by the idea; “the poor infidel may strive to + preach blasphemies from his grave; but it will be only another method of + impressing the soul with a consciousness of immortality.” + </p> + <p> + There was an old man by the name of Norton, noted throughout the island + for his great wealth, which he had accumulated by the exercise of strong + and shrewd faculties, combined with a most penurious disposition. This + wretched miser, conscious that he had not a friend to be mindful of him in + his grave, had himself taken the needful precautions for posthumous + remembrance, by bespeaking an immense slab of white marble, with a long + epitaph in raised letters, the whole to be as magnificent as Mr. + Wigglesworth’s skill could make it. There was something very + characteristic in this contrivance to have his money’s worth even from his + own tombstone, which, indeed, afforded him more enjoyment in the few + months that he lived thereafter, than it probably will in a whole century, + now that it is laid over his bones. This incident reminds me of a young + girl, a pale, slender, feeble creature, most unlike the other rosy and + healthful damsels of the Vineyard, amid whose brightness she was fading + away. Day after day did the poor maiden come to the sculptor’s shop, and + pass from one piece of marble to another, till at last she pencilled her + name upon a slender slab, which, I think, was of a more spotless white + than all the rest. I saw her no more, but soon afterwards found Mr. + Wigglesworth cutting her virgin name into the stone which she had chosen. + </p> + <p> + “She is dead,—poor girl,” said he, interrupting the tune which he + was whistling, “and she chose a good piece of stuff for her headstone. Now + which of these slabs would you like best to see your own name upon?” + </p> + <p> + “Why, to tell you the truth, my good Mr. Wigglesworth,” replied I, after a + moment’s pause,—for the abruptness of the question had somewhat + startled me,—“to be quite sincere with you, I care little or nothing + about a stone for my own grave, and am somewhat inclined to scepticism as + to the propriety of erecting monuments at all, over the dust that once was + human. The weight of these heavy marbles, though unfelt by the dead corpse + of the enfranchised soul, presses drearily upon the spirit of the + survivor, and causes him to connect the idea of death with the + dungeon-like imprisonment of the tomb, instead of with the freedom of the + skies. Every gravestone that you ever made is the visible symbol of a + mistaken system. Our thoughts should soar upward with the butterfly,—not + linger with the exuviae that confined him. In truth and reason, neither + those whom we call the living, and still less the departed, have anything + to do with the grave.” + </p> + <p> + “I never heard anything so heathenish!” said Mr. Wigglesworth, perplexed + and displeased at sentiments which controverted all his notions and + feelings, and implied the utter waste, and worse, of his whole life’s + labor; “would you forget your dead friends, the moment they are under the + sod?” + </p> + <p> + “They are not under the sod,” I rejoined; “then why should I mark the spot + where there is no treasure hidden! Forget them? No! But to remember them + aright, I would forget what they have cast off. And, to gain the truer + conception of DEATH, I would forget them GRAVE!” + </p> + <p> + But still the good old sculptor murmured, and stumbled, as it were, over + the gravestones amid which he had walked through life. Whether he were + right or wrong, I had grown the wiser from our companionship and from my + observations of nature and character, as displayed by those who came, with + their old griefs or their new ones, to get them recorded upon his slabs of + marble. And yet, with my gain of wisdom, I had likewise gained perplexity; + for there was a strange doubt in my mind, whether the dark shadowing of + this life, the sorrows and regrets, have not as much real comfort in them—leaving + religious influences out of the question—as what we term life’s + joys. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Chippings With A Chisel (From “Twice +Told Tales”), by Nathaniel Hawthorne + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHIPPINGS WITH A CHISEL *** + +***** This file should be named 9215-h.htm or 9215-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/9/2/1/9215/ + +Produced by David Widger and Al Haines. + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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