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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Scientific American, Vol. 17, No. 26 December 28, 1867 + Journal Of Practical Information, Art, Science, Mechanics, + Chemistry, And Manufactures + +Author: Various + +Posting Date: April 8, 2014 [EBook #8951] +Release Date: September, 2005 +First Posted: August 29, 2003 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, DEC 28, 1867 *** + + + + +Produced by Don Kretz, Juliet Sutherland, and Distributed Proofreaders + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<p class="ctr"><img src="images/1a.png" alt=""></p> + +<h1>SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN</h1> + +<h2>A WEEKLY JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL INFORMATION, ART, SCIENCE, +MECHANICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MANUFACTURES.</h2> + +<h2>NEW YORK, DECEMBER 28, 1867.</h2> + +<h4>Vol. XVII.--No. 26. [NEW SERIES.]</h4> + +<h4>$3 per Annum [IN ADVANCE.]</h4> + +<hr> +<p><b>Contents: (Illustrated articles are marked with an +asterisk.)</b></p> + +<p><a href="#1">*Improvement in Hulling and Cleansing +Hominy</a><br> +<a href="#2">Nitro Glycerin</a><br> +<a href="#3">*Hisert's Adjustable Cultivator Tooth</a><br> +<a href="#4">Remedy for Cold Feet in City Cars</a><br> +<a href="#5">Getting Your Money Back</a><br> +<a href="#6">Patent Claims</a><br> +<a href="#7">Pending Applications for Reissues</a><br> +<a href="#8">The Last Number of Volume XVII</a><br> +<a href="#9">Commencement of a New Volume</a><br> +<a href="#10">A Change at the Patent Office</a><br> +<a href="#11">Obituary</a><br> +<a href="#12">How to Make Intelligent Workmen--Go and Do +Likewise</a><br> +<a href="#13">The SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN as a Medium of +Business</a><br> +<a href="#14">*Hunt's Improved Steam Packing Piston</a><br> +<a href="#15">The Iron Clads at Sea</a><br> +<a href="#16">*Improvement in Hand Drills</a><br> +<a href="#17">*Improved Method of Securing Cutters on Boring +Bars</a><br> +<a href="#18">Tides and Their Causes</a><br> +<a href="#19">The Great Hoosac Tunnel</a><br> +<a href="#20">Horse-hair Snakes--Wonderful Transformation</a><br> +<a href="#21">Man Proposes, but God Disposes</a><br> +<a href="#22">Extraordinary Effects of an Earthquake</a><br> +<a href="#23">Recent American and Foreign Patents</a><br> +<a href="#24">Answers to Correspondents</a><br> +<a href="#25">Business and Personal</a><br> +<a href="#26">Manufacturing, Mining, and Railroad Items</a><br> +<a href="#27">Patent Office Decision</a><br> +</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="1"></a></p> + +<h2>Improvement in Hulling and Cleansing Hominy.</h2> + +<p>Many of our readers well remember when "hulled corn" was a +standing winter dish. This was corn or maize the kernels of which +were denuded of their "hulls" by the chemical action of alkalies, +which, however, impaired the sweetness of the food. Hominy is corn +deprived of the hulls by mechanical means leaving the corn with all +its original flavor unimpaired. Hominy is a favorite dish +throughout the country, but is not always entirely free from +particles of the outer skin of the kernels. The mill shown in +perspective in the engraving is intended to obviate this +objection.</p> + +<p class="ctr"><a href="images/1b.png"> +<img src="images/1b_th.jpg" alt="DONALDSON'S PATENT HOMINY MILL."> +</a></p> + +<p class="ctr">DONALDSON'S PATENT HOMINY MILL.</p> + +<p>The corn is placed in the hopper, A, from which it is fed to the +hulling cylinder contained in the case, B. The hulling machinery is +driven by a belt on the pulley, C, the other end of the shaft of +which carries a pinion which gives motion to the gear wheel, D. +This, by means of a pinion on the shaft of the blower, E, drives +the fans of the blower. On the other, or front end of the shaft +which carries the gear, D, is a bevel gear by which another bevel +gear and worm is turned. The worm rotates the worm gear, F, in two +opposite arms of which are slots that carry pins projecting +inwards, which may be moved toward or away from the center. This +gear wheel turns free on the shaft that carries the pulley, C, and +is intended for opening, by means of the pins in the arms and +levers, a cover in the bottom of the hopper and a valve in the +bottom of the hulling cylinder. Coiled or bent springs return these +levers or valves to place when the pin which moves them has +passed.</p> + +<p>A wrist-pin on the gear, D, forms a crank which is connected to +a bar at the rear end of the sieves, G, pivoted to an arm at H, by +which the sieves have a shaking or reciprocating motion as the +machine operates. The blower drives out the hulls and the motion of +the sieves with their inclined position insure access of the air to +every portion of the hominy.</p> + +<p>It will be noticed that the connection of all the parts is +absolute. The motion of the sieves, the speed of the blower, and +the action of the inlet hopper valve and the delivery hulling valve +are always exactly proportioned to the speed of the hulling +cylinder, whether fast or slow. The upper or feed valve opens +upward and has a downward projecting lip that shuts into a recess +in its seat which insures security against leakage from the hopper +to the hulling cylinder during the intervals of its being raised; a +great advantage in hominy making, as no grain ought to get into the +batch until that in the cylinder is done.</p> + +<p>Patented Oct. 15, 1867, by John Donaldson, who may be addressed +for further information at Rockford, Ill.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="2"></a></p> + +<h2>Nitro-Glycerin.</h2> + +<p>Professor Doremus of this city was called as a witness at the +inquest upon the bodies of the unfortunate persons killed by the +recent explosion at Bergen, N.J. The Professor having previously +analyzed some of the explosive mixture, testified as follows:--"I +have subjected it to chemical analysis, and find it to correspond +to the formula C<sub>6</sub>, H<sub>3</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>, and +NO<sub>5</sub>; it is well made nitro-glycerin; the substance +freezes at about 46; it is made to decompose in a very peculiar +way; on moistening paper with it it burns with rapidity; it does +not explode when red-hot copper is placed in it; we tried it with +the most intense heat--we can produce with a galvanic battery with +two hundred cells holding a gallon and a half each; some +nitro-glycerin was placed in a cup and connected with one of the +poles of the battery; through a pencil of gas carbon the other +poles of the battery were connected with the glycerin, no explosion +ensued; but when the point touched the britannia vessel the +nitro-glycerin took fire, a portion burning and the rest scattering +about; this is as severe a test as we can submit it to in the way +of heat under the pressure of the air; we therefore would conclude +that nitro-glycerin carried about exposed cannot explode, even if +you drop a coal of fire into it; if the liquid is confined, or is +under pressure, then an explosion will ensue; if paper be moistened +with it and put on an anvil and a smart blow given with a hammer, a +sharp detonation ensues; if gunpowder or the fulminates of mercury, +silver or gun-cotton be ignited in a vacuum by a galvanic battery, +none of them will explode; if any gas be introduced so as to +produce a gentle pressure during the decomposition, then a rapid +evolution of gases will result; the results of decomposition in a +vacuum differ from those under atmospheric pressure or when they +are burnt in a pistol, musket, a cannon, or in a mine; where we +have little or no pressure it is difficult to get these substances +to burn rapidly; nitro-glycerin is more difficult to explode than +powder; in many respects it resembles gun-cotton which is made in a +similar way; if gun-cotton be immersed in the proto-chloride of +iron it turns into common cotton; the same experiment was tried +with nitro-glycerin by mixing it with proto-chloride of iron, and +it reverted into common glycerin; there are four well known +varieties of gun-cotton made by employing acids of different +strengths; they differ in chemical composition and properties, as +well as in their explosive qualities; the late Minister of War in +Austria in 1862 stated to me that he had ordered four hundred +cannon for gun-cotton, and six months after he stated that he had +ordered all the cannon to be changed and adapted to powder, in +consequence of spontaneous combustions; much less is known of +nitro-glycerin than of gun-cotton, and probably several varieties +of this article may be formed as of gun cotton; this would explain +cases of spontaneous explosion; if the nitro-glycerin is not +carefully washed to get rid of the acid, a gradual decomposition +will ensue, producing gases, which, if the vessel be closed, will +explode; my opinion is that nitro-glycerin should be used in the +most careful hands; do not think I would put it in the hands of a +common laborer for blasting purposes; it is less dangerous in a +frozen than a liquid state; I think concussion would explode frozen +nitro-glycerin.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="3"></a></p> + +<h2>HISERT'S ADJUSTABLE CULTIVATOR TOOTH.</h2> + +<p>The object of the device exhibited in the engraving is to allow +the teeth of a cultivator to turn slightly and avoid obstructions, +while they will follow at all times the line of draft, so that in +turning the cultivator there is no risk of breaking the teeth or +their shanks, or of overturning the implement. The cultivator +blade, A, may be of any desired form, and it is secured to the +curved shank, B, which is pivoted by a bolt to the beam, C. On the +under or lower side of the beam is an iron plate, D, having a +projecting socket, E, which is the stud or pin on which the eye of +the shank turns. A bolt passing through the socket and beam holds +the shank in place. Farmers will readily perceive the advantages of +this device. It may be applied to any or all of the different +cultivators now in use. Patented Sept 3, 1867, by B.F. Hisert who +may be addressed for rights to make or sell at Norton Hill, Green +Co., N.Y., or address G.W. King, Scoharie, N.Y.</p> + +<p class="ctr"><img src="images/1c.png" alt=""></p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="4"></a></p> + +<h2>Remedy for Cold Feet in City Cars.</h2> + +<p>"Riding down town these cold mornings in the horse cars, the +unpleasant sensation of chilled feet reminds us of the plan adopted +in France and other parts of Europe to keep the feet of car +passengers warm. This is accomplished by inserting a flattened iron +tube along the bottom of the car lengthwise in the center, between +the rows of seats. This tube is raised a little above the floor +level of the car to afford a rest for the feet, yet, not enough to +make a stumbling block. When the car leaves the depot this tube is +filled with hot water from a boiler kept heated for the purpose, +and this water retains its heat and gives a pleasant warmth to the +feet of the passengers and the car generally, for about two hours, +after which the tube is refilled at a convenient station on the +road. In the case of our city cars this might easily be done, and +be a cheap and exceedingly comfortable improvement."--<i>Evening +Post</i>.</p> + +<p>It should be understood that the French cars are arranged with +small compartments like stage coaches, and the passengers sit face +to face, with the warming tube above described under their feet. +One tube for every six persons. We should be glad, indeed, to see +this plan introduced here. But it is not to be expected that our +city railroad companies will do anything for the comfort of their +passsengers, while without such trouble they continue to reap rich +harvests. Very likely the idea of loading a lot of hot water upon +their cars, for passengers to stand upon, would strike them as a +good joke. Their poor, broken down, spavined horses, could not +stand any additional load.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="5"></a></p> + +<h2>Getting Your Money Back.</h2> + +<p>The French are a curious people and one of the novelties of +Parisian enterprises is a large warehouse, in which are sold, at +retail, all manner of goods, from a diamond necklace to a shoe +brush. The purchaser, having paid the price, receives not only the +goods, but a bond for the whole amount of his purchase money, +payable, after thirty years, and guaranteed by the Credit Foncier +and other moneyed corporations. The prices charged are said to be +no greater than in any other retail shops. This is really eating +your cake in order to keep it; the more you spend the richer you +will be; indeed it sets at defiance the whole of Franklin's code of +proverbs, and proves "Poor Richard" a silly fellow. Imagine Jones +lecturing his wife on her economy, and reproaching her for a spirit +of saving, "My dear, if you had bought this camel's hair shawl +thirty years ago, it would now be a source of income to us; if you +had not been so close we should now be wealthy." Smith acquires an +independence by giving his children an expensive education, and +sees in every new dress or costly jewel which his growing daughters +wear, a new mine of wealth for himself. If he can only persuade +them to spend money enough he is sure of a support in his old +age.</p> + +<hr> +<p>A GIGANTIC BRIDGE.--A suspension bridge is to be erected by M. +Oudry, engineer, over the Straits of Messina, Sicily, from Point +Pezzo, on the Calabrian Coast. It is to consist of four spans of +3,281 feet each, elevated about 150 feet above high-water level, so +that the largest ships may pass under. The proposed Roebling bridge +over the East River, between New York and Brooklyn, is to have a +single span of 1,600 feet.</p> + +<hr> +<p>The through mails to the West now go in iron-bound boxes instead +of leathern bags. Each box, tightly packed, contains about eight +hundred letters.</p> + +<hr> +<p>The first steam vessel used in Great Britain was called the +<i>Comet</i>, and built by Henry Bell in 1812. It was thirty tuns +burden.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="6"></a></p> + +<h2>OFFICIAL REPORT OF PATENTS AND CLAIMS</h2> + +<h3>Issued by the United States Patent Office,</h3> + +<h3>FOR THE WEEK ENDING DECEMBER 10, 1867.</h3> + +<h3><i>Reported Officially for the Scientific American</i></h3> + +<p>PATENTS ARE GRANTED FOR SEVENTEEN YEARS the following being a +schedule of fees:--</p> + +<pre> + On filing each Caveat $10 + On filing each application for a Patent, except for a design $15 + On issuing each original Patent $20 + On appeal to Commissioner of Patents $20 + On application for Reissue $30 + On application for Extension of Patent $50 + On granting the Extension $50 + On filing a Disclaimer $10 + On filing application for Design (three and a half years) $10 + On filing application for Design (seven years) $15 + On filing application for Design (fourteen years) $30 +</pre> + +<p>In addition to which there are some small revenue-stamp taxes. +Residents of Canada and Nova Scotia pay $500 on application.</p> + +<p><i>Pamphlets containing the Patent Laws and full particulars of +the mode of applying for Letters Patent, specifying size of model +required, and much other information useful to Inventors, may be +had gratis by addressing MUNN & CO., Publishers of the +Scientific American, New York.</i></p> + +<hr> +<p> </p> + +71,836.--MACHINE FOR NOTCHING KNITTING NEEDLES.--W. Aiken, +Franklin, N.H. + +<p>I claim 1st, The improved machine, substantially as described, +for effecting the several operations of notching, slotting, boring, +and burring a knitting machine needle blank, in the order and +manner as explained.</p> + +<p>2d, Also, the combination of one or more vibratory clamps, Y, +the cam, E, and the two burrs or cutters, q r, for forming the +notches in the needle blank such clamp or clamps, cam and cutters +being provided with mechanism for operating them, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>3d, Also the combination of one or more vibratory clamps Y, the +cam, E, the two burrs or cutter wheels, q r, and the slotting burr +or cutters, s, provided with mechanism for operating them +substantially as explained,</p> + +<p>4th, Also, the combination of one or more rotary clamps, Y, the +cam, E, the burrs or cutter wheels, q r s, and the drill, u, +provided with mechanism for operating them, substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p>5th, Also, the combination of one or more vibrating clamps, the +burring cutter, t, the drill, u, and the slotting cutter, s, +arranged and provided with mechanism for operating, substantially +as explained.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,837.--TEA AND COFFEE POT.--Alfred Arnold, Tenafly, N.J. + +<p>I claim 1st, In a tea or coffee boiler, the base, D, so +constructed and adapted, relatively to the other parts, that an +oscillating motion will be imparted to the vessel by process of +ebullition, substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the base or heating-surface, D, the +chambers, b b', and diaphragm, E, or their equivalents, +substantially as arranged and described, and for the purposes +shown.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,838.--TOOL FOR SIZING LAMP CHIMNEYS.--Lewis J. Atwood, (assignor +to himself and Holmes, Booth and Haydens), Waterbury, Conn. + +<p>I claim the adjustable sizing and shaping-jaws employed, +substantially as specified, in the manufacture of glass lamp +chimneys and similar articles.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,839.--MODE OF PREVENTING THE UNTWISTING OF THE ENDS OF WIRE ROPE +BANDS.--Arthur Barbarin, New Orleans, La. + +<p>I claim a wire rope band, in which the ends of the several wires +composing the same are soldered together, substantially as herein +described and shown in the accompanying drawings, and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,840.--SPRING-BED BOTTOM.--Alonzo B. Baty, Binghamton, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the construction and application of the bracket, B, in +combination with the bail or pendant, C, the springs, D D, +transverse pieces, F F, and slats, A A, all being constructed +substantially as herein described and represented, for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,841.--HORSE-RAKE.--H.L. Beach, Montrose, Pa., assignor to Beach +Wheel Horse-Rake Manufacturing Company, N.Y. + +<p>I claim 1st, The teeth heads, N, constructed and operating +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the teeth heads, N, the teeth, Q, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>3d, The arms, K, and teeth heads, N, combined and operating +substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The cleaners, M, teeth heads, N, and teeth, Q, when +combined for the purposes indicated.</p> + +<p>5th, The blocks, f, pins, c, sliding bar, E, and lever, G, when +combined for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>6th, The hooks, i i, and pins, j, secured in the axle for the +purpose shown.</p> + +<p>7th, The washers, P, combined with the teeth and teeth heads, +substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,842.--APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING STREET GAS-LAMPS.--J. W. Beard, St. +Johns, New Brunswick. + +<p>I claim the combination of the hook, F, and the perforated cap, +E, with the lamp, D', to be affixed on a pole or staff, as set +forth.</p> + +<p>Also, the combination of the curved or hooked arms, c c, with +the key, k, of the cock of the burner, and their arrangement with +respect, to the opening in the bottom of the lantern, as +explained.</p> + +<p>Also, the combination of the socket tube, e, with the lamp, D', +its hook, F, and perforated cap, E.</p> + +<p>Also the combination of the receiving tube, f, and bayonet +connection, g, with the socket tube, e, the lamp, D', its hook and +perforated cap, as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,843.--CALIPER AND T-SQUARE.--Joseph Bennor, Philadelphia, Pa. + +<p>I claim the rule, a, stand, c, slide, m, legs, p and q, marker, +u, cutter, w, with their several described appendages, all combined +in the manner and for the purpose substantially as shown and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,844.--REFRIGERATOR.--Ferdinand Borchard, Detroit, Mich. + +<p>I claim 1st, A refrigerator which is provided with movable +racks, H, within cooling chambers which are arranged beneath an ice +chamber, B, constructed with inclined walls, a a a, a drip pan, D, +and an ice-supporting rack, c, substantially as and for the +purposes described.</p> + +<p>2d, Providing the movable racks, with sliding brackets, I, which +are so applied as to serve as supports for the outer ends of the +racks when drawn partially out of their respective apartments, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,845.--CONSTRUCTION OF METAL SALVERS.--George Brabrook, (assignor +to Reed and Barton), Taunton, Mass. + +<p>I claim the arrangement and combination of the metallic ring and +cap molding together, and with the waiter or salver, in manner +substantially as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>Also, as a new or improved manufacture, a waiter or salver of +britannia metal, having a metallic strengthening-ring and cap +molding combined and arranged with its body in manner as +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,846.--MANUFACTURE OF SHOES, ETC.--M.L. Brett, Warren, Ohio. + +<p>I claim the construction of a seamless shoe, etc., by felting, +in the manner set forth, as a new article of manufacture.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,847.--CONSTRUCTION OF SCOOPS.--Theo. C. Bromley, Fort Howard, +Wis. + +<p>I claim the cone-shaped back and the circular raised brace.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,848.--WATER-RESERVOIR FOR EXTENSION-TOP STOVE.--Chas. H. Buck, +St Louis, Mo. + +<p>I claim 1st, the boiler, D, constructed with a depression in its +rear side, in combination with a stove made with the extended top, +A, and with a stovepipe, C, which is entirely independent of the +boiler, but still is partly enclosed by the boiler, in the manner +and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, The boiler, D. with its depression in its rear side made +wholly independent of the pipe, C, but capable of enclosing a +portion of said pipe, and of being removed without disturbing the +pipe, as herein described and shown.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,849.--JOURNAL-BOX.--T.F. Burgess, Lowell, Mass. + +<p>I claim the drips, e e, and conducting holes, d d, in +combination with the recesses, b b, when arranged to operate +substantially as described and for the purposes fully set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,850.--HAY ELEVATOR.--E.H. Carpenter, Dexter, Mich. + +<p>I claim 1st, In combination with a cable, A, frame, F, wheels, +G, sheave, E, and rope, C, the disengaging device, consisting of a +collar, M, stop, L, and vertical catch, K, enclosing the cable, A, +and rope, C, and operated substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the frame, F, rope, C, collar, M, stop, +L, catch, K, and valves, H, cams, I, and lever, l', said parts +being constructed and the whole arranged substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,831.--STEAM GENERATOR.--C.E. Case, Xenia, Ohio. + +<p>I claim the metal cup, G, constructed and arranged substantially +upon the principle and in the manner herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,852.--LOOM FOR WEAVING PALM-LEAF, ETC.--Geo. W. Chandler, +(assignor to himself and Lysander F. Thompson), Fitchburg, Mass. + +<p>I claim 1st, The hinged holder, G, substantially as and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the hinged fingers, c c, with the ribs, b +b b, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the adjustable weight, G', with the +bottom of the holder, for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination with the hinged fingers, c c, of the hinged +holding-piece, G", substantially as and for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>5th, The fingered stop or guard piece, h', with the holder, G +substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>6th, The combination, with the stand or plate, h, of the grooved +hinged flap, i, for supporting the guard or stop piece, h'.</p> + +<p>7th, The combination with the ribbed holder, G, of the guide +piece, s, as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>The combination of the feed arm, m, with the slide-piece, n, and +lever, 26, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>9th, the combination with lever, 26, of the adjustable ears, 27 +27, for the purposes stated.</p> + +<p>10, The combination with slide piece, n, and table, L, of the +connecting piece, 21, substantially as and for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>11th, The combination with the slotted slide piece, M", and +connecting piece, 21, of the double shouldered bolts, 18 18, +substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>12th, The combination with the curved lever, M, and the slide +piece, M", of the bent levers, M' M', substantially as and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>13th, The combination with the arm, 70, and notched bar, w, of +the sping-pawl, t, substantially as and for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>14th, Mechanism for separating the pieces of material to be fed, +constructed and combined for operation substantially as described, +and as shown in fig. 7, of the accompanying drawings.</p> + +<p>15th, The combination with a loom for weaving palm-leaf and +other cloth, of a push-finger, 41, substantially as and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>16th, The combination with the stem of the push finger, 41, of +the catch-piece, 42, lever, 44, and operating springs, 43 and 46, +substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>17th, The combination with the slide, n, of the projection or +dog, 47, for releasing lever, 46, from the catch-piece, 42, as set +forth.</p> + +<p>18th, The combination with the hinged table, L, of the mechanism +for separating and feeding the material, substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p>19th, The combination with the stationary bed, L", and stand, +72, of the hinged table, L, and catch, o, substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p>20th, The combination and relative arrangement with the table, +L, bed, L", and holder, G, of the evener knives, 12 and 14, as +shown and set forth.</p> + +<p>21st, The combination with the bridge piece, 50, of the hinged +dog, 52, and bell-spring, 53, substantially as and for the purposes +set forth.</p> + +<p>22d, The combination and relative arrangement of mechanism, +substantially such as is shown and described for communicating the +proper motions to the feed arms, S, from lever, K.</p> + +<p>23d, The combination with a loom for weaving palm-leaf of +mechanism substantially such as shown and described for stopping +the loom, as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,853.--PITMAN COUPLING.--G. W. Clark, Manchester, Ind. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of forked pitman, A G G', bolt, H, screw +shanked hook, D, and nuts, F F', or their equivalents, +substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,854.--MACHINE FOR MAKING LEVEES.--Ernest Comeaux, Bayou Goula, +La. + +<p>I claim 1st, The endless apron in combination with the hinged +adjustable frame, K, operating as described for elevating the earth +used in making levees, in the manner and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the endless apron, F, chains, H, slats, +J, and adjustable supporting-frame, K, and standards, L, as herein +described for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The above in combination with the spur-wheels, C and B, and +the endless chain, D, as herein described for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,855.--CONSTRUCTION OF ROOF.--M. De K. Cutts, Richmond, Va. + +<p>I claim 1st, A tobacco drying house which is provided with a +sectional hinged roof in combination with frames, A, which support +the tobacco leaves while being dried and cured substantially as +described,</p> + +<p>2d, The supporting posts, G, in combination with hinged +sections, B B', elevating devices, and supporting frames, +constructed and arranged in such manner that the leaves of tobacco +upon said frames can be exposed to the action of the sun and air at +pleasure substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,856.--CAR BRAKE.--Shadrach Davis, Dartmouth, Mass. + +<p>I claim a car brake, consisting of the broad connecting bar, C1, +which rests on pivots, F1, working in slots, and has the +brake-shoes movable fixed to it, the whole combined as described, +operated by the bar, I2, and screw rod, H2, and by contact with the +wheels as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,857.--FEEDER FOR GRAIN MILL.--Michael Decamp, South Bend, Ind. + +<p>I claim 1st, The combination of the device, D, bridge +ring-bearing, a b, feeder, c, and collar, e, substantially as +described,</p> + +<p>2d, The toothed eccentric, J, in combination with lever, G, and +collar, e, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,858.--PAINTER'S EASEL.--Paul Deschause, New York city. + +<p>I claim 1st, The extensible legs, consisting of the hinged legs, +a, and their extension sliding parts, b, made and arranged +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, Also the combination of the legs with the toggle-brace, c c, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>3d, Also, the extensible rest, composed of the fixed part, e, +and the sliding part, d, in combination with the fixed and movable +clamps, f g, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,859.--GUIDE FOR SAW IN SAW MILLS.--Hiram P. Dillingham, Norwalk, +Ohio. + +<p>I claim the plates, A and A', guides, B B', and C and C', the +whole constructed substantially as described, and operating as and +for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,860.--PRODUCING CALCIUM MAGNESIUM LIGHT.--Chas. A. Dresser, New +York city. George A. Dresser, Trustee; + +<p>I claim the preparation of dolomite, native or artificial +substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,861.--CALENDAR ATTACHMENT TO INKSTAND.--Sam'l. R. Dummer, New +York city. + +<p>I claim 1st, An inkstand, etc., constructed with a series of +shoulders or rests, B, whether one or more and one above another, +in combination with the rings, C, and plate or frame, D, or their +respective equivalents substantially as and for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the above, the two tubes, H M, and +plunger, O, as herein set forth for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,862.--PLANING MACHINE FOR WOOD.--G. B. Durkee and W. H. Murray, +(assignor to themselves and I. T. Safford), Chicago, Ill. + +<p>We claim 1st, The employment of two separately adjustable cutter +heads in a single machine, so that the axis of one cutter may be at +the angle of the other at a different angle, and both cutters +operating at the same time upon the same board, substantially as +specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The crossheads, C, cutter-heads, E, screws, D and G, in +combination with the standards, B, constructed and operating +substantially as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,863.--SELF-ADJUSTING RELAY MAGNET.--J. M. Fairchild, (assignor +to himself, J. K. Bundy, and J. M. Townsend), New Haven, Ct. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the head, C, combined with the magnet +so as to be self-adjusting in relation to the armature, +substantially as herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,864.--CORN CAKE CUTTER.--Leonard Felker, Tewksbury, Mass. + +<p>I claim the rotating cylinder i, with its cutters, i'i', in +combination with the rotating cylinder, f, with the stationary +knives, f'f', and adjustable finishers, g g, when arranged to +operate substantially as described and set</p> + +<p>2d, The pressure rotating cylinder, f, with stationary knives, +f'f', and adjustable finishers, g g, substantially as described and +set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The clearer, m, in combination with the rotating cutters, +i'i', as described.</p> + +<p>4th, The adjustable stands, d d, and lever, p, in combination +with the table, b', and weight, o, when arranged to operate +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,865.--MEASURING FAUCET.--Elisha Fitzgerald, N. Y. city. + +<p>I claim the combination of a four way cock with a receptacle +having a movable partition operated by the water, substantially as +described, for the purpose of limiting and determining the amount +of water to be discharged, as specified.</p> + +<p>Also, in combination with the above, the dial and pointer, to +indicate the amount of water discharged, as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,866.--TWEER.--Charles C. Forncrook, Hermitage, N. Y. + +<p>I claim the combination of the valve, d, adjustable bridge, g, +chamber, B, and tweer, A, arranged and operating substantially in +the manner and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,867.--COTTON TIE.--John H. Fraley, New Orleans, La. + +<p>I claim the combination of the buckles, A and B, when they are +constructed and united as described, with the ends of hoop iron, +when bent into the form of hooks, as and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,868.--BRIDGE.--John Glass, George P. Schneider, and William B. +Rezner, Cleveland. Ohio. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The tubular flanged sections, A B, as arranged in +combination with the diaphragm, C, for the purpose and in the +manner substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The tubular arch, as constructed, with sections, A B C, in +combination with the foot block, I, provided with a flange or boss, +K, when arranged in the manner as and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,869.--OIL CUP.--John H. Gomer, New York city. + +<p>I claim the combination of the cap, B, with its screw flange, b, +and case, A, provided with suitable tube, C, in the manner and for +the purpose herein specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,870.--PEAT MACHINE.--George D. Goodrich, Chicago, Ill. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The adjustable bearing for the shaft, B, composed +of two or more segments, r, constructed and operating substantially +as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The separate troughs, I, located below the tempering mill, +when more than one expelling screw is employed, so as to give each +screw a separate and independent action, substantially as +specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The cutter or knife, F, for cutting the material into +suitable lengths in a peat machine having a continuous discharge +from the expelling mill, substantially as specified.</p> + +<p>4th, Closing the mouth of the die by an adjustable intermittent +stop or knife, when so arranged that the movements can be varied +with respect to the movements of the other operating parts of the +machine, substantially as specified.</p> + +<p>5th, The double slotted plate or wheel, K, provided with the +sockets, h, and pins, i, for the purpose of adjusting the movements +of the cutter stop or knife, F, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>6th, The combination of the separate troughs, I, expelling +screws, H, and cutter stop, F, with a tempering mill, substantially +as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,871.--RATCHET BED KEY.--William M. Gray, Brooklyn, N. Y. + +<p>I claim the bed key constructed and arranged as above described, +as a new article of manufacture.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,872.--MODE OF PREVENTING THE EXPLOSION OF LAMPS.--Cyrus P. +Grosvenor, McGrawville, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the application to lamps or heaters, using coal oils, +alcohol, or other explosive substances, of such a burner as will +supply the vacuum made in the reservoir by the combustion with +nitrogen gas, the burner being constructed as herein described, or +in any other form substantially the same, and which will produce +the intended effect.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,873.--CAR-AXLE BOX.--Joseph Harris, Dorchester, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The roller guides, i, with detached radial joints, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the system of rollers and box, g, the +construction of the axle, with its extension, e, and shoulder, d, +as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,874.--WASHING MACHINE.--Job H. Haskell (assignor to himself and +Horace Taplin), Lowell, Mass. + +<p>I claim the general construction and combination of all the +parts, consisting of the cylinder, G, series of yielding rollers, +a, roller stands, k, spring bars, f, levers or arms, m, spring bar, +D, transverse bar, R, rod, O, and the box, the whole arranged to +operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,875.--HORSE RAKE.--John V. Hawkey (assignor to himself and +Israel T. Sheffler), Greensburg, Pa. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A rake shaft or head, arranged outside of the +periphery of the wheels, projecting laterally beyond them, and so +jointed that its sections can be folded vertically upon the +carrying frame without detaching any of the parts of the rake, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, An axially turning rake-shaft, so jointed that its outer +sections can be folded inwards without detaching any of its +parts.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the inner fixed section of the rake shaft +with the outer vertically folding sections, projecting beyond the +wheels, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination, substantially as described, with a jointed +rake shaft, of hinges allowing the sections to fold vertically, and +a locking device to hold them rigidly when unfolded.</p> + +<p>5th, The arrangement as described, of the top pins, m, on the +folding sections, to secure them in position when folded up.</p> + +<p>6th, The combination in a horse rake, of an axially turning +folding rake shaft, with a rock shaft controlled by a handle on the +driver's platform to raise and lower the teeth.</p> + +<p>7th, The arrangement, in a horse rake, of an axially turning +jointed rake shaft, mounted on the rear end of the thills, and +supported on two wheels mounted on independent axles.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,876.--APPARATUS FOR DRAINING SUGAR.--James B. Hill, Allegheny +City, Pa. + +<p>I claim the combination and arrangement of the hopper, C, +provided with valve, d, case, B, screen, R, distributing drum, P, +distributor, f, provided with valve, i, scraper, S, chute h, and +pipe, t, the whole being constructed, arranged, and operating +substantially in the manner herein described, and for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,877.--CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE FOR DRAINING SUGAR.--James B. Hill, +Allegheny City, Pa. + +<p>I claim the use of a fan when used in combination with the +shield, m, distributor, f, screen, R, case, B, hopper, C, and +scraper, S, constructed, arranged, and operating, substantially in +the manner herein described, and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,878.--CARD HOLDER.--Samuel L. Hill, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, in combination with a back or support, the use or +employment of any number of strips when the same shall be +constructed and combined substantially as shown for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,879.--FISHING LINE SWIVEL.--Martin Hiltz, Gloucester, Mass. + +<p>I claim the improved swivel, as made with the screw bolt, D, and +the nut chamber, e, arranged and combined, as explained, with the +parts, A B C, constructed and applied together as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +61,880.--IMPLEMENT FOR LIGHTING GAS.--Thomas W. Houchin, +Morrisania, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, Placing a receiver, A, at the lower end of a tube, +B, for the purposes fully described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of a receiver, A, tubes, B, and wick +chamber, C, when the same shall be constructed substantially as +described, for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,881.--CORN-POPPER.--J. W. Howe, and J. K. Barton, Worcester, +Mass. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The combination of the twisted wires, a a a' a', +with the handle, B, and receptacle, A, substantially as and for the +purposes described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the wires, a' a', with handle, B, +receptacle, A, and cover of the same, as and for the purposes +described.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the wires, a a a' a', with each other, +receptacle, A, and cover of same, as shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,882.--COPY BOOK.--Benj. G. Howes, Worcester, Mass. + +<p>I claim the copy book, constructed substantially as +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,883.--PETROLEUM GAS BURNER.--G. A. Hyver, New Orleans, La. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the pipe, D, when filled with +finely broken charcoal, with the concentric or annular chamber, F, +the latter being provided with pipes, b, extending upwardly into +the cup furnace or heat retort, H, as and for the purpose +substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the pipe, D, when filled with finely +broken charcoal, the concentric or annular chamber, F, pipes, b, +and pipe, d, with the gas pipe, c, when the latter is provided with +the valve, J, for regulating the flow of gas, as and for the +purpose described.</p> + +<p>3d, The gas pipe, c, when constructed and arranged with relation +to the chamber, F, and one of the pipes, b, as described, in +combination with the valve, J, for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination of the concentric or annular chamber, F, +and pipes, b, with the cup furnace or heat retort, H, when the +latter is constructed as described, and shown upon the drawings, +and occupies the relation to the former herein set forth, for the +purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>5th, The pipe, d, in combination with one of the pipes, b, for +the purpose of affording a light for illuminating purposes, as +herein described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,884.--SHAFT COUPLING.--John Keesey, Chester, Pa. + +<p>I claim the combination of the box, hub, or shell, B, reverse +wedge-shaped blocks, C C', and bolts, D D', with their nuts, E E', +or the equivalents of these devices, arranged for operation +together, substantially as and for the purposes herein set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,885.--CLAMP SCREW.--Charles L Kingsley (assignor to Charles +Parker), Meriden, Conn. + +<p>I claim the nut, E, formed with the seats, F, and the lever, G, +formed with the trunnions, I, so as to be combined and operate in +the manner and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,886.--MACHINE FOR BENDING WOOD.--Joseph Klahr, Bernville, +assignor to himself, W.R. Weand, C.H. Zink, and James J. +Wagenhorst, Philadelphia, Pa. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The formers, F F', with their arms, p p', levers, +k k', and catches, q, or their equivalents, in combination with the +clamps, G, the whole being constructed and operating substantially +as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the above, the weighted levers, D D', and +the links, l.</p> + +<p>3d, The adjustable plates, B B', with their shoulders, c, +operating in combination with the formers, and their projections, +q, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,887.--OIL CAN.--George Alvan Knowlton, Natick, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The stoppers, D and I, retracted from their +respective orifices by a single trigger, H h', and provided with +two springs, G J, to insure the effective closure of both said +orifices, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, In a valved oil can, constructed as above specified, the +arrangement of the trigger, H h', obliquely on the upper side of +the handle, A', as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,888.--FENCE.--Ira Lackey, Lebanon, Ohio. + +<p>I claim the combination of the sills, A, braces, C, and hooks or +loops, i j, with the grooved posts, a c, of the panels, when the +parts are constructed and arranged to form a detachable and +portable fence, in the manner and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,889.--BUTTER DISH.--Nathan Lawrence (assignor to Reed and +Barton), Taunton, Mass. + +<p>I claim the arrangement and combination of the friction spring +with the cover and vase, the journal and the bearing to extend +entirely around the said journal, as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,890.--HARVESTER RAKE.--Edward J. Leyburn, Lexington, Va. + +<p>I claim, 1st, Connecting the rake arm, E', to a loose collar, c, +on reel shaft, B, by means of a pivot, d', carrying an arm, f, in +combination with the jointed connecting rod, h, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The arresting plate, G2, in combination with the rake pivot, +d', arm, f, and collar, c, and connecting rod, h, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>3d, The cam plate, G G1, in combination with the rake pivot, d', +loose collar, c, and connecting rod, h, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>4th, The anti-friction roller, i, applied to the arm, f, of the +rake pivot, in combination with the arresting plate, G2, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>5th, Connecting the arm, f, which is in the rake pivot, d, to +the reel shaft or reel arm thereof, by means of a rod, h, and +universal joint, h', substantially as described.</p> + +<p>6th, The application of a weight, g, to an arm, f, of the rake +pivot, when said arm is upon a loose collar, c, and arranged to +operate substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,891.--WASHING MACHINE.--Reuben Lighthall, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the detachable holder, A, with the set screw, B, in +combination with the slotted lever, D, and the rollers, F F', and +the cam, H, as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,892.--PROCESS FOR RENDERING PAPER, CLOTH, AND THE LIKE, FIRE AND +WATER PROOF.--Robert O. Lowrey, Salem, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the process, substantially as herein described, of +treating fibrous and other materials for rendering them fire and +water proof.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,893.--COMPOSITION OF MATTER FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER PROOF +PAPER AND OTHER ARTICLES.--Robert O. Lowrey, Salem, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The new compound or composition of matter, +produced by the treatment of vegetable fiber, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The process herein described of treating vegetable fiber for +producing a new compound, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,894.--STREET SWEEPER.--Robert Y. McConnell and Geo. Pringle, +Rochester, N.Y. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The pinions, a, of the counter shaft, s, combined +with carrier wheels, W, of street sweepers, by suitable sliding +clutches, c, all arranged substantially as shown and described, and +for the purpose of equalizing the strength and efficiency of those +portions of the machine.</p> + +<p>2d, The broom shaft, b, and the counter shaft, s, arranged +substantially as shown, being held by means of the adjustable rigid +straps, y, for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The spring clutches, c, governed by means of the hand lever, +D, connecting rod, f, lever, k, and the counter inclined planes, m, +all arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,895.--UTERINE SUPPORTER.--Frederick Meriwether, Tamola, Miss. + +<p>I claim the combination, as described, of the spring, E, +composed of copper or other soft metal, with the pessary, for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>Also, the combination, substantially as described, of the pelvic +spring, the vertically adjustable bar and set screw, the soft metal +spring, E, the pessary pillar, F, and the pessary, for the purposes +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,896.--RAILROAD SIGNAL.--Abraham S. Miller (assignor to himself, +J.P. James, and Charles Folsom), Zanesfield, Ohio. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the trigger, E, and rock shaft, +F f, with a railroad signal and suitable intermediate connections, +so arranged that the contact of the train with said trigger shall +throw the signal into its conspicuous position, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The arrangement of the trigger, E, rock shaft, F f, arm, H, +link, I, lever, G, wire, J, eccentric lever, L, catch, M, and +shaft, B, signal, A, and weight, B', or its equivalent (P P1 P2 Q), +substantially as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The arrangement of the trigger, E', rock shaft, F' f', arm, +H', and rod or other suitable connection, N, all arranged and +operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination, with the disk or signal, A, of the +reflecting plate, a substantially as and for the object stated.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,897.--SPINNING WHEEL.--Henry Miller, Ronald Township, Mich. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the adjustable and hinged rods and +levers, constructed as herein described, for connecting the rocking +treadle with the hinged spindle arm, so that the operator, by the +foot, may move the spindle arm out or in at pleasure, as set forth +and represented.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,898.--BOOTS AND SHOES.--Charles Mole, Pembroke Terrace, Regent's +Park, London, England. + +<p>I claim the manufacture of a movable boot heel in two parts, to +be adjusted in different positions by means of a single central +projection taking into a single slot hole or countersunk part, and +secured in position by means of a central screw or pin, whether +such projection and hole or countersunk part be square or many +sided, and no matter what the shape of these sides, so that the +shape of the projection and that of the hole which is to receive it +be identical, the whole substantially as hereinbefore described and +illustrated on the annexed sheet of drawing.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,899.--WATER COOLER AND REFRIGERTOR.--Alfred Murden and Henry L. +Cooper (assignors to themselves and Fiancis Warner), New Haven, +Conn. + +<p>We claim the arrangement of the cylinder, A, and outer cylinder, +C, so as to form a water space, D, and combined with covers, E and +G, so as to form a chamber, F, above the water space, D and ice +cylinder, A, so that the cover, E, forms the bottom of and the +cover, G, the top of the said chamber, in the manner and for the +purpose herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,900.--CONSTRUCTION OF STAMPED SHEET METAL KETTLES.--Frederic G. +Niedringhaus and William F. Niedringhaus, St. Louis, Mo. + +<p>We claim the spout of a kettle when formed by pressure from the +bottom and top plate of the kettle, when constructed substantially +as shown and specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,901.--BREAST STRAP SLIDE.--O.B. North (assignor to O.B. North +& Co.), New Haven, Conn. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The arrangement of the hinged tongue, E, upon the +plate, A, so as to cover the ring, substantially in the manner +herein set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, Constructing the hook or projection, D, upon the inside of +the plate, by forming an opening, d, through the plate, +substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,902.--SNOW PLOW.--Abel Nutting, Quincy, Mass + +<p>I claim the rotary plow, arranged to operate substantially as +set forth.</p> + +<p>Also, in combination with such a plow, inclines, or shares, +fixed, with respect to the frame by which they are supported, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,903.--STEAM GENERATOR.--Isaac R. Oakford, Philadelphia. Pa. + +<p>I claim a steam generator, composed of a series of cylindrical +boilers, of round ends, provided with openings for steam and water, +and arranged in a vertical and inclined position, in the manner and +for the purpose above set forth and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,904.--CASTER FOR FURNITURE.--P.B. O'Brien and Wm. E. Sparks, New +Haven, Conn., assignors to P.B. O'Brien. + +<p>We claim the arrangement of the spring, a, in the spindle, B, +and combined with the socket, C, so as to operate in the manner +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,905.--RAILWAY FROG.--Staats N. Park, Bloomsbury, N.J. + +<p>I claim, 1st, So constructing the frogs of railways that the +frog plate and the rail or track sections, guard rails, and frog +point are separate from each other, and so that the rail sections +and guard rails and frog point can be inserted in or attached to +and detached from the frog plate, for the uses and purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>2d, So constructing the frogs of railways or the frog plate, +that the track rails of any railway can be extended upon and +combined with such frog plate to form the track or rail section of +the frog, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,906.--HARVESTER.--Henry W. Pell, Rome, N.Y. + +<p>I claim. 1st, The carriage, C, supported at both ends on wheels +or rollers, cc, running on a guide way, S, substantially as and for +the purposes specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The rib or groove joint between the friction rollers and +guideway, to sustain the lateral pressure, as set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The clevis pin or whiffletree bolt, B, attached to the +center of the carriage, C.</p> + +<p>4th, The independent attachment of the draught clevis to the +whiffletree bolt to permit the independent oscillation of the +whiffletree without affecting the clevis.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,907.--MEDICAL COMPOUND.--M. Perl, New Orleans, La. + +<p>I claim the medical compound herein described, when made by the +process and composed of the ingredients herein specified, in the +proportions stated, for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,908.--MACHINERY FOR SHAVING AND SLOTTING SCREWS.--Elijah S. +Pierce, Hartford, Conn. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the cam, M, the sliding frame, +Y, the spindle, A, the pulley, P, the clamp, C, the spring, S, and +the rest, R, or their equivalents, with a shaving tool, and one or +more nicking saws, substantially as herein specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the sliding frame, Y, the spindle, A, and +the clamping device, C, with a shaving tool and one or more saws, +substantially as described, for the purpose of shaving, nicking, +and turning screw blanks or other similar articles, while held in +the same jaws.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,909.--DOUBLE SCREW.--Elijah S. Pierce, Hartford, Ct. + +<p>I claim the double screw herein described and shown, as a new +article of manufacture.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,910.--APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING MEATS, FISH, POULTRY, AND OTHER +PERISHABLE ARTICLES.--Charles F. Pike, Piovidence, R.I. + +<p>I claim, 1st, Constructing a tubular ice box, with holes or +openings in the tubes or pipes, at or near the bottom, to let the +air out into the chamber, F, and slots or openings into the ice +receptacle, reservoir, or depository, near the top, and so get the +combined and double purpose of radiation, conduction, and internal +circulation of the air in the chamber, F, substantially as and for +the purposes set forth and described in the drawing and +specification hereunto annexed, without confining myself to any +particular form, size, or shape of the pipes or tubes, whether they +be vertical or horizontal, round, square, oval, oblong, or in any +other form, neither do I confine myself to any particular form of +ice receptacle, reservoir, or depository.</p> + +<p>2d, The perforating or making slots, holes, or openings in the +tubes or pipes, near the bottom, for the purposes set forth and +described, howsoever the same may be made, whether used in +connection with the ice receptacle, reservoir, or depository, as +described, or without the openings in the ice receptacle, +reservoir, or depository, for the purpose of the rotating of the +air.</p> + +<p>3d, The ice receptacle, reservoir, or depository, with its +openings to let the air into and on to the ice in this ice +receptacle, reservoir, or depository, for the purpose of taking off +the moisture in the preserving room, at or near its top, whether +the tubes connected to the bottom of this ice receptacle, +reservoir, or depository, are perforated or not, or whether the ice +receptacle reservoir, or depository, is removed altogether, and the +tops or collars of the tubes or pipes are perforated.</p> + +<p>4th, The ice box, receptacle, reservoir, or depository, A, as +described, pipes or tubes, B C D L, pan, E H, room, F, +substantially as described and set forth, with their +appendages.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,911.--MULTIPLYING REFLECTORS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.--D.W.S. +Rawson, Peru, Ill. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The reflector box, A, the doors and shade wings, B +B, the bars, C C, the non-reflecting division, D D, surrounding and +between the several mirrors, the base board, F, and the slide +board, G, and the double pivot, H, when used for the purposes +herein described.</p> + +<p>2d, The use of the lever for the purpose of adjusting the +reflectors.</p> + +<p>3d, The moving of the reflectors with the slide, G. to produce +more than one set of impressions on the same plate, or an +equivalent movement.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,912.--CAR SPRING.--Wm. F. Ray, Fort Wayne, Ind. + +<p>I claim a series of reflexed springs, so constructed that the +bows slide into each other, the whole being adjustable so as to +regulate the amount of elasticity, as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,913.--LAMP BURNER.--Henry Read, Providence, R I. + +<p>I claim the skeleton bottom, B, in combination with the +perforated cylinder, C, and cone, D, when constructed and arranged +substantially as described and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,914.--APPARATUS FOR TAMING WILD ANIMALS.--Peter R. Sanderson, +Caledonia, N Y. + +<p>I claim the construction and use of a circingle strap, as +described, with the sheaves, A A A A, and their attachments to said +circingle, and the slipping straps, B B B B, and rope, C, when +arranged substantially as described for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>Also, the combination of the above parts, A A, etc., B B, etc, +and C, with any harness, arranged substantially as described for +the purpose designed.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,915.--JOURNAL BOX.--Wm. Sherburne, Charlestown, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The bolt, E, constructed as and for the purposes +above described.</p> + +<p>2d, The bolt, E, in combination with the jaw, m, and oil box, B, +substantially and for the purpose above specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,916.--HORSE AND CATTLE POKE.--Nelson Sylvester, Weymouth, Ohio. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The head, B, cross bar, E, in combination with the +springs, F, and spikes, a, for the purpose and in the manner +substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The cross bar, E, as arranged in relation to the yoke, C, +and in combination with the poke, A, in the manner as and for the +purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,917.--CORN PLANTER.--Frank J. Smiley, Marshall, Mich. + +<p>I claim, 1st, In combination with a wheeled machine for planting +corn or other seed at regular intervals, a "perambulator," +substantially as described, when hung concentrically to a revolving +seed cylinder, C, and operated in connection therewith, +substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein in +specified.</p> + +<p>2d, When operated in connectin with a revolving seed cylinder, +the arrangement and combination of the dropping tubes, t, and their +attachments with the tappet pins, T, and receiving basins, K, for +dropping and conveying the seed to the furrowers, substantially as +set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The pendant gage-bars, h, in combination with the gage +plates, g, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,918.--WHIP RACK.--Charles A. Smith, Philadelphia, Pa. + +<p>I claim a whip rack composed of metal or other inelastic +material, and furnished with a series of divisions or apartments, +with a hinged tongue or flap in each, and suitable openings in each +apartment for the insertion and retention of a whip, substantially +as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,919.--METHOD OF HARDENING AND BLEACHING ARTICLES MADE OF +SOAPSTONE, TALC, ETC.--Henry Julius Smith, Boston, Mass., assignor +to Joseph C. Wightman, Newtonville, N. Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The heating in a closed vessel, and in contact +with carbon, the above described substances, or articles formed +therefrom, for the purpose of hardening and toughening the same, +substantially as above described.</p> + +<p>2d, The removal, either before or after the hardening process, +of impurities producing discoloration, by the action of a bath of +melted chloride or sodium, or other chemical compound operating in +like manner.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,920.--HANDLE FOR TEA AND COFFEE POTS.--Enos E. Stow, +Plantsville, Ct. + +<p>I claim a handle, as made hollow or tubular, and provided with +openings in or through it, that when applied to a pot or vessel, +warm or heated air may be caused to pass into and through and out +of such handle, substantially as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,921.--AERIAL CARRIAGE AND WAY.--Daniel Towse, Pittsburg, Pa. + +<p>I claim the combination of the endless wire rope or ropes, A A, +pulleys, T T T' T", and piers, B B B' B", with the suspended +carriages, H H H H, arranged and operating as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,922.--AERIAL CARRIAGE AND WAY.--Daniel Towse, Pittsburg, Pa. + +<p>I claim the combination of the wire ropes, A A, piers, B B B B, +reel, F, and rope, P, with the carriage, H, arranged and operating +in the manner set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,923.--AERIAL CARRIAGE AND WAY.--Daniel Towse, Pittsburg. Pa. + +<p>I claim the combination of the two aerial ways, A A' A" A'", the +drum, C, with the carriages, H H, and ropes, f f, constructed and +operating as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,924.--ATTACHMENT TO THE REGULATORS QF WATCHES--Wm. B. Tucker, +Hillsboro, Ohio. + +<p>I claim the combination of the screw-arbor, c, and the toothed +segment, e, with the regulating lever, d, and the scale base plate, +a b, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,925.--BILLIARD CUE TIP.--Joseph A. Veazie, Boston, Mass. + +<p>I claim the new or improved composition, substantially as +described, in which ground leather is an important constituent.</p> + +<p>Also, the combination of a layer of such composition and one or +more layers or strata of leather or caoutchouc, or both, such being +for the formation of cue tips, as explained.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,926.--CAR SPRING.--Richard Vose, New York city. + +<p>I claim a volute spring, formed or constructed of a coiled +metallic bar, whose thickness is greater transversely upon one edge +thereof than at any other point therein, substantially as and for +the purpose herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,927.--APPARATUS FOR TURNING ON GAS.--W.P. Wage [assignor to +himself and M. Clarke], Barre Centre, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The cylinder, E, and the piston, F, in combination +with the lever, D, or their equivalent, operated by the means and +in the manner and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>2d, Lighting gas by electricity, in combination with the +apparatus above described for turning on gas, as shown and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,928.--HORSE HAY FORK.--George H. Waldo, Prattsburg, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the tines, b b, bail, f f, curved holding tine, I, +spring, J, pulley, l, rope, k, all constructed and operated +substantially as herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +91,929.--MACHINE FOR ROLLING LEATHER.--J.H. Walker, Worcester, +Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the horizontal way, G, slide, +H, and roll, b, with tables, K and M, and treadle operating device, +substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination, with the pieces, C C, of the truss rods, E +E, bridge, F, way, G, and slide, H, substantially as and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,930.--FERTILIZER AND CORN PLANTER COMBINED.--Samuel H. Wallize, +Washingtonville, Pa. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the devices, slide, G, and roller, D, +as connected and operating together, with the crank, F, so as to +drop the guano and corn through a single spout, to prevent choking, +as herein described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,931.--WASHING MACHINE.--D.T. Ward, Cardington, O. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The segmental or convex washboard, E, actuated by +levers, D, in combination with the reciprocating washboard, F, and +connecting arms, H, substantially in the manner and for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination therewith, the spring, j, rod, k, and slots, +I, arranged and operating substantially as described.</p> + +<p>3d, The gate, p, in combination with the horizontal +reciprocating washboard, F, and tub, A, arranged and operating +substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,932.--CORN PLANTER.--John R. Weber, Bourbon, Ind. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The springs, m, on the shaft, e, in combination +with the dropping cylinders, k, as and for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the foot board, c', forked lever, d" m", +connecting rods, e", and cross piece, h", arranged and operating as +explained.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the frame, B, elbow levers, m', +connecting rods, n' s', arms, o' t', and shafts, r' u', as and for +the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination of the transverse shaft, v, sliding bar, s, +hook, r, pins, o, block, n, and dropping cylinders, k, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>5th, The combination of the crank, w, arm, x a', spring, b, and +sliding bar, s, arranged and operating as set forth.</p> + +<p>6th, The combination of the lever, a", shaft, v, pinion, e', and +spring, e"', when used independently, or in connection with the +frame, B, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,933.--BED BOTTOM.--David S. Williams, Coldwater, Mich. + +<p>I claim the combination of the loop, A, rods, B, spring band, C, +rods, D, webbing, E, slats, F, wires or equivalent, G, in the +manner described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,934.--INSTRUMENT FOR ADMINISTRATION OF +ANÆSTHETICS.--Osborn Wilson, Aurora, Ill. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The construction of an instrument with inhaling +and exhaling tubes, provided with valves, working automatically and +alternately in opening and closing the tubes by the respiration of +the patient, substantially in the manner and for the purposes as +herein specified.</p> + +<p>2d, Providing the instrument with a spring valve and air tube +for regulating the administration of nitrous oxide and other +anæsthetics, substantially in the manner and for the purposes +as herein specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The construction and arrangement of stock, A, mouth piece, +B, inhaling and exhaling tubes, C' C, plate, D, air tube, E', +valve, E, spiral spring, b, valves, c c, rods, d d, fulcra, e e, +arm, f, and rod, g, substantially in the manner and for the +purposes as herein specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,935.--CIDER MILL AND PRESS.--Martin Winger, Ephrata, Pa. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A series of press boxes, D, with perforated sides +and an external cogged flange, d, all connected in the form of a +wheel revolving horizontally, with its cross-arms, N, secured +centrally to a vertical shaft, L, in combination with the bearing, +M, and step, O, sustained on a framework, A B B', all arranged +substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>2d, With the revolving press boxes, D, the press block and +central upright, K, E, pulley, G, guides, F, arms, e, in +combination with the inclined planes, H and R, all arranged and +operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p>3d, In combination with the revolving box wheel, D D N N, and +pressing arrangement, the hinged drop bottom, Q, in combination +with a series of rollers or pulleys, P, or their equivalents, for +the purpose and in the manner shown and described.</p> + +<p>4th. In combination with my horizontal box wheel, the +arrangement of the gearing and mill hopper, X, and crushers, W V, +pinions, Y S, on shaft, all combined substantially m the manner +specified.</p> + +<p>5th, In combination with an apple mill, a cider press, with a +series of presses in a horizontal revolving wheel, substantially as +and for the purposes specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,936.--CURB FOR WATER WHEEL.--Albert Winton, Chambersburg, Pa. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The serpentine or double curved chute gates, O O, +when formed with surfaces tapering or sloping from their centers +towards their ends, and so arranged, relative to intermediately +situated diaphragms or plates, r r, that one of the tapering ends +of said chute gates, O O, shall project beyond the circumferences +of the rims, a a c e, and extend so as to enter slots, or between +the prongs of fork-like arms, K L K L, to be operated in the manner +and for the purpose substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The annular adjustable rim, or ring, i i, provided with the +fork-like arms, K L K L, and with the moving lever or crank, m, and +the fulcrum pin, h, all arranged to operate the chute gates, O O, +substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,937.--HARVESTER.--James Winters and Charles C. Gapen, Lacon, +Ill. + +<p>We claim the skeleton frame, A, or its equivalent, provided with +an adjustable clevis, and attached to the end of the tongue, or +reaping and mowing machines, substantially in the manner and for +the purpose herein described and represented.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,938.--SASH TOP.--Orson E. Woodbury, Madison, Wis. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The cam, slotted at H D I, forming bearings at +either extremity for the screw or other support, when the cam is +operating against the catch, C, at the points, F or O, all as +described and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The catch, C, with the spikes, G G, constructed and used as +and for the purposes hereinbefore named.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,939.--PEAT AND BRICK MACHINE.--Charles D. Wrightington, +Fairhaven, and Benjamin P. Rider, Boston, Mass. + +<p>We claim, 1st, In combination with the mold wheel having the +series or sets of molds in it, a series of plungers revolving with +said wheel and operated in succession by the eccentric journal and +frame, Q, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, Also in combination with a mold wheel having a series of +cogs interposed by a series of concave stops, blanks or abutments +upon its periphery, a drive wheel having cogs and a blank surface +on its perimeter so that the mold wheel may be moved, stopped and +locked by said drive wheel which has a continuous movement, +substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>3d, Also the location and arrangement of the cam over and around +the blank on the perimeter of the drive wheel so that while the +mold wheel is stopped and locked by said drive wheel which +continues its movement said drive wheel shall operate the pushers +to discharge the pressed bricks or blocks from the molds, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,940.--.TOY.--Derrick Adams, Lansingburg, N.Y. + +<p>I claim an automatic toy having the legs of the horse and the +head and arm of the driver actuated by mechanical devices, in +manner substantially as herein described and for the purposes as +set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,941.--EAVES TROUGH FASTENING.--Philip Ahn, Brandon Vt. + +<p>I claim the bolt, c, combined with the elastic strap, e, +substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,942.--INFLATING RUBBER BALLS.--Henry A. Alden, Fishkill, N.Y., +assignor to the New York Rubber Company. + +<p>I claim the application to rubber balls or other hollow articles +requiring to be distended by inflation of the combined bulb and +tube, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein shown +and set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,943.--REAMER.--Charles Allardice, Cohoes, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A shank, A, formed substantially as described in +combination with the cutters, B, and nut or screw ring, O, the +whole operating as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the shank, A, cutters, B, and nut, C, +the nut, e, bolt, g, and washer, g', formed as described and +employed for the purposes specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,944.--BOLT ATTACHMENT TO DOOR LOCK.--William H. Andrews +[assignor to Burton Mallory], New Haven, Conn. + +<p>I claim the bolt, E, constructed arranged within the lock case +in combination with the follower, F, constructed with a cam, I, and +spring, H, so as to hold the bolt securely in both its locked and +unlocked position, substantially in the manner herein set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,945.--MECHANISM FOR PRESENTING PALM LEAF TO LOOMS.--Isaac +Angell, Malden, Mass. + +<p>I claim for employment in connection with a loom for weaving +with palm leaf or similar weft a mechanism substantially as set +forth which automatically presents in succession the entering ends +of single pieces of weft in such position with relation to the +cross sectional form of each that each piece will be carried into +the shed or web flatwise.</p> + +<p>Also the mechanism for effecting the elevation and release of +the weft, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>Also the plate, d, with its rectangular perforations and the +gate or slide for clamping a single piece of weft projecting +through the plate, substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p>Also a mechanism substantially as set forth for "knocking off" +the weft raising mechanism when a piece of weft is presented.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,946.--BLACKBOARD FOR SCHOOLS.--William Arroquuier, Worcester, +Mass. + +<p>I claim covering the plaster, B, with a coating, C, composed of +the ingredients named and applied in the manner above described +whereby the proper color and roughness are obtained as set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,947.--MODE OF OPERATING SWELL IN MELODEONS.--C.E. Bacon +[assignor to himself. George A Prince and Calvin F.S. Thomas], +Buffalo, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the swell pedals side by side with +the bellows pedals and contiguous to and parallel therewith, for +the purpose and substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,948.--MATERIALS FOR TRANSMITTING HEAT.--William C. Baker, New +York city. + +<p>I claim the employment of salted water, glycerin, or their +equivalents, to prevent freezing in transmitting and diffusing heat +through ordinary pipes, tubes or radiators for the purpose of +warming and ventilating railroad cars, public vehicles and +buildings, substantially as herein described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,949.--LAMP BURNER.--George E. Baldwin (assignor to E. Miller +& Co.), West Meriden, Conn. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the auxiliary or ventilating tube, E, +with the wick tube, B, combined with a solid partition, F, in the +base of the burner so as to form a close chamber around the tubes +and wick adjuster, substantially in the manner and for the purpose +herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,950.--AUTOMATIC TOOTH PLUGGER.--Burr Bannister and George F. +Green, Kalamazoo, Mich. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The combination of an engine operated by means of +compressed air with a tooth plugger for the purpose set forth and +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The lock, F, in connection with spring, 1, operated by cross +head of piston rod, in the manner and for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,951.--CAR COUPLING.--William F. Barlow (assignor to himself, +James Bower and W.A. Jackson), Monmouth, Ill. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The catch, C, slotted draw head, A, and weight, X, +combined as described and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The rods, M N and H, and elbow, K, combined as described and +operating in combination with the elements of the first claim +arranged substantially as described and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The weight, X, arranged as described for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,952.--HARVESTER RAKE.--John Barnes, Rockford, Ill. + +<p>I claim 1st, The inclined serrations, h h h, on the face of the +rake head for the purpose of compacting the gavel.</p> + +<p>2d, A compressor or supplementary rake pivoted to the rake +handle and moving parallel to the rake head, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination substantially as described of an automatic +rake, a compresser and an interposed spring for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p>4th The combination substantially as described of a reel +revolving continuously on a horizontal shaft a rake mounted on the +same shaft [on trunnions arranged diagonally to the shaft], and a +shipping device by which the rake may be thrown into gear between +any two of the beaters of the reel and by which it may +automatically be thrown out of gear at the end of its stroke.</p> + +<p>5th, The combination substantially as described of the inclined +rake handle with the trunnions or pivots revolving on the reel +shaft, and arranged diagonally thereto.</p> + +<p>6th, The combination substantially as described of the rake +handle pivoted on trunnions diagonal to the reel shaft and the +friction roller with a guide vertical below the axis of the rake +and deflected both horizontally and laterally above that axis, as +and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>7th, The combination substantially as described of the rake +handle and shipping lever whereby the rake throws itself out of +gear after discharging the gavel.</p> + +<p>8th, The combination substantially as described of a rake +mounted on trunnions revolving on a horizontal axis in a fixed +relation to the guide which controls the movements of the rake with +a revolving reel having an endwise movement on the same axis +whereby the rake can be thrown out of gear by moving the reel +endwise without stopping the reel.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,953.--TRY SQUARE AND BEVEL.--Samuel N. Batchelder, Prairie du +Chien, Wis. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The blade B, pivoted within the stock, A, and +provided with a hooked projection, e, by means of which and the +hook slide, D, the blade, B, may be set and held at any desired +angle, substantially as described and for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The hook slide, D, with the thumb screw, E, arranged and +operating substantially as shown and described for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The spiral spring, F, in combination with a combined try +square and bevel, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,954.--PLATE LIFTER.--David B Beaty, Aurora, Ind., assignor to +himself and James Lamb. + +<p>I claim the curved wires, B B B, having hooks at their lower +ends and connected to a handle, A, said handle being provided with +a wire loop formed into a spring which connects to the wires, B, so +that by pressing upon this spring, C, the wires, B, are caused to +separate and release the plate, all constructed as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,955.--SUSPENSION BRIDGE.--Charles Bender, N.Y. city. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The construction and arrangement of one or more +yielding joints connecting the beams or trusses of stiffened +suspension bridges, substantially as herein described.</p> + +<p>2d, The attachment of the ends of the cables or chains at or +near the first or shore piers to the longitudinal beams or trusses +of stiffened suspension bridges, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>3d The means and method by which the ends of the beams or +trusses of stiffened suspension bridges are secured to the shore +piers by vertical anchorage and the arrangement of suitable joints, +v, in said anchors, substantially for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>4th, The means and method employed to reduce the side motion by +attaching the longitudinal beams or trusses of stiffened suspension +bridges to the central piers sidewise said attachment being on one +pier perfectly immovable in any horizontal direction while at the +other piers allowance is made for the variations of the length of +the beams substantially as set forth and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,956.--FOLDING TRUNK.--O.K. Bernbaum, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the folding ends in combination with the hinged +sectional back and front for the purposes herein fully +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,957.--SOFA BEDSTEAD.--Charles H. Berry, East Somerville, Mass. + +<p>I claim the combination of the lower position, a, the seat, b, +and head, d, and the hinged or movable panel, e, in a sofa or +lounge, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,958.--CHURN.--Thomas Bisbing, Buckstown, Pa. + +<p>I claim the combination of the removable frame, B, sliding +frame, C, ratchet bar, G, and pinion wheel, H, with each other, +with the body, A, of the churn, and with the dasher shaft, I, +substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,959.--HAT-FELTING MACHINE.--Job W. Blackham, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The duplicate series of rolls, b and bN', and +rubbers, C and CN' or their equivalent, with their water pans, N +N', and jets of hot water or steam, as represented, arranged to +operate together in the manner and for the purpose herein +specified.</p> + +<p>2d, Mounting the reciprocating rubber over the bed of rolls so +as to allow of its ascent and descent by means of springs, +substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,960.--BUILDERS' SCAFFOLD.--John E Bliss, Oxford, Ind. + +<p>I claim the combination of the right angled pivoted frame, A, +and adjustable sliding bars, B and D, with each other, +substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,961.--SUBSTITUTE FOR MILK FOR CATTLE.--Rufus K. Blodgett, near +Fulton, Ill. + +<p>I claim, 1st The use of white or blue clay, when used for the +purpose above specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of flour, catechu and clay, when mixed and +used for the purposes above set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,962.--FIRE LADDER.--Johan Blomgren, Galesburg, Ill. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The stuffing coil, O, inserted into the lower port +of the tube H H', and forced up or down in the tube by the cog +wheel, M, substantially as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The basket, R, in combination with a fire escape having the +hinged side, T, and the adjusting rod, S, substantially as and for +the purpose described.</p> + +<p>3d, The construction of the stuffig coil, O, substantially as +and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,963.--SAFETY GUN LOCK.--Charles Bowlen, Milwaukee, Wis. + +<p>I claim tumbler, F, with its pin, G, in combination with dog, H, +with its slot, I, substantially as and for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,964.--VENTILATOR FOR BUILDINGS.--Thomas Boyd, Cambridgeport, +Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the chamber, A, with or without +the lenses, B, cone, C, and rods, D, constructed and arranged to +operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the oscillating cap, K, and elastic pads, +I, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The arrangement of the chamber, A, cone, C, pipes E and H, +and cones, G and K, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,965.--DOOR LATCH.--Purmort Bradford (assignor to Sargent & +Co.), New Haven, Conn. + +<p>I claim the construction of the latch bolt with the pivot +bearings, a and b, upon opposite sides combined with a single +central pivot upon the plate so as to be adjustable for a right or +left-hand door and the said plate constructed with a slot through +which the latch is operated, in the manner herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,966.--PLOW.--Harvey Briggs, Smithland, Ky. + +<p>I claim, 1st, Forming the land side, mold board frame and upper +and lower strengthening floors, b1 and b2, solid in one piece B, +substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the conical rollers, D, and their boxing +frame, H, with the mold board frame, B, substantially as herein +shown and described and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, Forming the boxing frame, H, in two parts, substantially as +herein shown and described and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, forming an oil trench or channel, J, in the boxing frame, +II substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p>5th, The combination of the elastic washers or packing, I, with +the journals and bearings of the rollers and wheels, substantially +as herein shown and described and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>6th, The combination of the adjustable friction wheel, F, and +stationary friction wheel, E, with the solid hand side and mold +board frame, B, substantially as herein shown and described and for +the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>7th, The combination of the vertical flanged friction roller, G, +with the land side of the plow, substantially as herein shown and +described and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,967.--PIANO STOOL.--Josua Briggs, Peterboro, N.H. + +<p>I claim, in combination with the pillar and feet, the socket +block, m, having recesses formed with side lips or flanges, o, to +fit into groves, q, in the feet and bottom seats, p, between which +and the shoulder on the pillar the feet are securely continued, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>Also the center piece, w', fitting upon and covering the screw +bolt and nut which confine the pillar to the base, substantially as +shown and described.</p> + +<p>Also constructing the socket block, m, with a center socket, t, +into which the tail piece of the pillar fits and is confined, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>Also making the screw spindle removable from the seat, +substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,968.--PLOW.--T.E.C. Brinly, Louisville, Ky. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The mode of attaching the beam, D, to the plows by +a socket, C, connected with the land side by braces, B B, +substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the socket, C, constructed with diagonal +flanges, C', the handles, and the beam, substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,969.--COMBINED SHOVEL AND SIFTER.--Stephen P. Brooks (assignor +to himself and Benjamin Woodward), Somerville, Mass. + +<p>I claim the within-described combined shovel and sifter, +constructed and operating substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,970.--SEAT AND DESK.--A.H. Brown, May's Landing, N.J. + +<p>I claim the hinged brace, J, passing through the guides, M, upon +the inside of the ends, B, of the seat and hinged to the outer edge +of the folding desk, H, all arranged as described whereby the +gravity of the brace, J, as the desk is raised causes the L-shaped +notch, L, to fit and catch in the guide, M, to hold the said desk +raised, for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,971.--GRAIN FORK.--E G. Bullis, Manchester, Iowa, assignor to +Charles J. Riggs, same place, and said Riggs assignor to D E. Lyon, +Dubuque, Iowa. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of a band-cutting device with a +pitching fork, substantially as and for the purposes described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the rearwardly-extended parts of the +tines, C, the cross head, B, grooved bars, E, sliding cutter, F, +and springs, L, with each other, substantially as herein shown and +described and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the pivoted or jointed bars, G H I, with +the sliding cutter, F, shank, J, of the fork head and handle, A, +substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,972.--SEED PLANTER.--Matthew S. Burdick. Milton, Wis., assignor +for himself and John M. May. + +<p>I claim, 1st, Thumb screw, I, in combination with part, H, and +seed cup bar, D, when constructed, connected together and used +substantially as and for the purposes described.</p> + +<p>3d, Seed-cup bar, E, or its equivalent, when combined with +seed-cup bar, D, in the same planting machine so that corn and +pumpkin seed and other flat seeds, as squash and melon seeds, may +be planted at one operation, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>3d, Spring, O, or its equivalent, attached to and combined with +seed-cup bar, E, substantially as and for the purposes +described.</p> + +<p>4th, Jaws or points, F and G, provided with partitions, h and h, +for the purpose of dividing the seed, when used in combination with +parts, A and A' B and E and N, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>5th, A general arrangement and combination of legs or bars, A +and A', hoppers, B and C, seed-cup bars, D and E, covering, N, and +jaws, F and G, when constructed, connected together and used +substantially as and for the purposes described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,973.--PULLEY BLOCK.--John A. Burnap, Albany, N. Y. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the frame, E, and pulley, F, through +the eye of which is inserted the frame, A, having a series of +rollers, a a, the whole constructed and used substantially as +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,974.--SADIRON.--Jesse S. Butterfield and Joseph A. Reed, +Philadelphia, Pa. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The steadying, pin, d", in combination with the +sectors, d"' d"', on the guard-plate, d', the said parts being +constructed and arranged to operate in connection with the planes, +a"' a"', on the projection, a', substantially as and for the +purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, The projection, a', on the base, A B, with its two opposite +sectors or inclined planes, a" a", constructed and arranged to +receive and hold down the inward ends, c" c", of the feet of the +handle, C D, substantially as described and set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The projecting ends, c" c", of the handle, C D, constructed +and arranged to operate in combination with the spaces, b' b', and +planes, a" a", substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,975.--PRUNING SHEAR.--Seth P. Carpenter, Milford, Mass. + +<p>I claim the new or improved manufacture of pruning shears, as +hereinbefore described, that is, as composed of the blades, a b, +the lever, C, the long shank, B, the lever, D, the open handles, C +C', the arm, f, and the rod, g, arranged and combined in manner, +and for the purpose, and to operate substantially as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,976.--WASHSTAND AND CLOTHES DRYER.--Frances H. Carrier, +Bridgeport, Conn. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the clothes drying apparatus +with the washbasin, when they are constructed, arranged, and fitted +for use substantially as herein described and set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the cups, b c d, or their equivalents, +with the wash basin, when they are constructed, arranged, and +fitted for use as a toilet apparatus, substantially as herein +described and set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,977.--SPICE CASE.--John T. Carter and John Park. Lowell Mass. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The cups or boxes, c c, when arranged to operate +substantially as described, and for the purposes fully set +forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The springs, k k, in combination with the cups or boxes, c +c, for the purpose described and set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination and arrangement of the case, a, with its +feet, d d d, handle, e, loop, f, and shelves, b b b b, cups or +boxes, c c, and spring, k k, all for the purposes substantially as +described and set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,978.--APPARATUS FOR PAINTING OR GRAINING PAILS, ETC.--Jonathan +Carter, Winchendon, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the flexible painting or die +printing roll with the supplying roller, for painting, graining, +ornamenting pails, or other tapering articles.</p> + +<p>2d, The mechanism for holding and revolving the pail, when +mounted on a bench or table, in combination with the movable +printing or die roll, operating substantially in the manner as and +for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, Casting graining or other ornamental configurations on +conical rolls so as to form a continuous body, for the purposes +herein described.</p> + +<p>4th, Making die or printing conical rolls in sections, and +securing them to the staves so as to change their position for +making a greater variety of ornamental designs for graining and +ornamenting hollow ware, substantially as and for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>5th, Applying a smooth coat or body of paint or varnish with a +flexible roller to pails, tubs, or other articles of hollow ware, +substantially in the manner herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,979.--SAWYERS' RULE.--Thos. Carter, Louisville, Ky. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A scale so constructed and adjusted that any two +of the three quantities of the thickness of the planks, the +diameter of the log, and the number of the planks cut or to be cut +from the log being given, the third of said quantities is read off +from the scale in the manner substantially as above set forth and +described.</p> + +<p>2d, A scale exhibiting the number of turns to be given to the +screws of the log carriage for cutting plank or boards of any +desired thickness.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,980.--CAST METAL CASE FOR SPRING BALANCE.--John Chatillon, New +York city. + +<p>I claim a cast metal case for spring balances, when provided +with a perforated or slotted upper head for the reception to the +pin, b, and when made substantially as and for the purpose herein +shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,981.--VACUUM GRAIN DRYER.--Geo. Clark, Buffalo, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, the three essential features or parts: the air +tight grain chamber, the radiations heating pipes or floors, and +the vacuum-producing apparatus, combined and operating +substantially as herein set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, the arrangement of the steam heating pipes within the grain +chamber, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The graduated gage vessel, H, arranged as and for the +purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,982.--DOOH LATCH.--Francis Clymer, Galion, Ohio. + +<p>I claim the mode of attaching a combined latch and hasp, B, and +staple, F, to doors, by means of slots, I and H, so as to permit +the adjustment of the same substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,983.--CLAMP.--Geo. H. Coo and Geo. H. Snow, New Haven, Conn. + +<p>We claim the herein described clamp, consisting of the head, C, +upon one arm of the body, [Transcribers note: illegible letter], +the opposite arm, provided with a corresponding foot, and the said +head having arranged therein levers, D, and combined with a screw, +B, so as to operate to clamp between the screw and the foot, +substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,984.--BOAT DETACHING TACKLE.--David L. Cohen, Pensacola. Fla. + +<p>I claim the combination of the notched bars, a a, with the +grooved blocks, B B, the sliding blocks, C, pitman, D D', and +lever, F, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,985.--APPARATUS FOR ELEVATING WATER.--J.R. Cole, Keaton Station, +Tenn. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the chamber, F, provided with +the short pipes, p p', and the pipes, p", with the pumps, G H, and +the chambers, C D E, substantially as and for the purposes +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination and arrangement, for the purpose described, +of the chambers, C D E F, pipes, p p' p", P P' P", and pumps, G H, +the latter working alternately, so as to maintain a constant +pressure upon the water in the chambers, substantially in the +manner specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,986.--TACK HAMMER.--Thomas A. Conklin, New Britain. Conn. + +<p>I claim, as a new article of manufacture, a tack hammer, +constructed in the manner and With the characteristics herein +specified, for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,987.--FLOOR CLAMP.--Wm. Conner and C. W. Mitchell, Wilmington, +Del. + +<p>We claim the combination of the frame, a, with the screws, b and +d d, with the wedge blocks, e e, wedges, f f, and plates i i, +constructed and arranged, as herein described, to operate as a +clamp for clamping ship timber, flooring, and other carpenters' +work.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,988.--BUTTON.--Geo. Cooke, Winchester, Mass. + +<p>I claim a button or stud, its shank attached by means of a disk +formed concave, and subsequently compressed, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,989.--HARVESTER.--Francis C. Coppage, Terre Haute, Ind. + +<p>I claim 1st, The combination of the double or alternate step +wheel, E, having the inclined steps, e e e, with the two +stepping-dogs, D D', and the springs, x x, when the said parts are +constructed and arrange substantially in the manner and for the +purposes described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination and arrangement of the adjusting rod, n o", +with the cylindrical sleeve, O', the sleeve or slide, O"', the +post, P, and the reel, O"', in such a manner that while the post P, +supports the reel, the elevation of the latter is adjusted by the +compound rod, n o", substantially as and for the purposes +specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The rod, H, having the crank, h, and the worm, h', in +combination with the worm segment, i, the shaft, I, the winding arm +or segment, i', and the chain, K, substantially as and for the +purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,990.--MACHINE FOR STRETCHING CLOTH.--A.C. Corpe, Stafford, Conn. + + +<p>I claim, 1st, The two gear clamps, B B, composed each of two +wheels, a a', one placed above the other, and the upper wheels +arranged so as to be capable of adjustment, both vertically and +laterally, substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p>2d, The arrangement of gearing, as shown, in connection with the +gear clamps, B B, and roller, C, whereby an equal movement of the +clamps is insured, substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p>3d, The supplemental frame, E, provided with the roller, D, upon +which the cloth is wound, in connection with the gearing, k u, +clutch, o, driving pulley, m, and shaft, l, all arranged +substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,991.--ROLLER FOR DRESSING.--Benjamin R. Cotton, Lewiston, Me. + +<p>I claim as an improved dresser roll, a stone roll covered with +the surfacing metal, or metal composition, substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p>Also, the method of surfacing a roll by placing around or over a +central roll a metal frame as a base upon which to cement the +surface metal, and the surfacing such frame, substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,992.--WAGON LOCK.--James A. Counts, Indianapolis, Iowa. I claim +the catch, g, the bands, h h, the spring, the bar, e, lever, k, for +the purposes set forth and described. + +<p> </p> + +71,993.--HAME TUG.--Jas. C. Covert, Townsendville, N. Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The metallic hames tug, A, provided with the +V-shaped openings, C, having inclined sides, and the tongues, D, +adapted to receive the V-shaped block, O, formed upon the block, N, +of the trace strap and block, O, held in place by means of the pin +upon the spring lever stop, Q, fitting in the groove, P, in the end +of tongue, D, of the hame tug, as herein described for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The hame clip, fastened by bolts to the hame tug, +substantially as herein described and for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The block, N, upon the trace strap, when provided with the +V-shaped block, C, and the spring lever, Q, as herein described for +the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,994.--HARVESTER RAKE.--James. S. Crump, Williamsburg, Mo. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The curved eccentric arm, I, applied to the rock +shaft, E, and operated in the manner and for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The swinging lever, M, or its equivalent, in combination +with the curved eccentric arm for operating the platform, as +described.</p> + +<p>3d, The arrangement of one or more springs in combination with +the curved eccentric arm, I, for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The manner of adjusting the hight of the swinging platform +upon the supporting arms and uprights, as described.</p> + +<p>5th, The adjustable cant or deflecting boards, C, in combination +with the swinging platform, as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,995.--WASHING MACHINE.--S.W. Curtiss, Sugar Grove, Pa. + +<p>I claim an improved washing machine, consisting box, A, provided +with blocks, H, and roller, E, the hinged frame, B, having rollers, +C D, and handle, G, all constructed, arranged and operating as and +for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,998.--MACHINE FOR FORMING HAT BODIES.--Francis Degen, Newark. +N.J. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A hat body formed partly of common and partly of +fine stock, by first blowing on the cone a belt of fine stock, then +over the whole cone a quantity of common stock, and finally a +quantity of fine stock, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The close fitting cap, B, in combination with the perforated +cone, A, of a machine for forming hat bodies, substantially as and +for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>3d, The slide, D, in combination with the trunk, C, cap, B, and +perforated cone, A, substantially as and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,997.--MAIL-BAG FASTENER.--S. Denison, Portlandville, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the hooks, C, constructed substantially as herein shown +and described, in combination with the straps, D and F, with the +bag, B, and staples, A, as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,998.--SAWBUCK.--Henry J. Dill, Cummington, Mass. + +<p>I claim the clamps, D, the treadle, E', the arms, E, springs, +F', and rods, F, constructed, arranged, and operating, in +combination with the stationary part, A, substantially as shown and +described for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +71,999.--CARRIAGE FOR ROCK DRILL.--Thomas Doane, Boston, Mass. I +claim the arrangement of the round bars, E F G and H, of a rock +drill carriage into a frame, for the reception of rock drilling +machines which shall be able to reach therefrom any point where it +is desirable to bore a hole, substantially as and for the purpose +described. + +<p>2d, The position of the horizontal round bars, E and F, under an +acute (more or less) angle, d, to the side frame of a rock drill +carriage, or to the alignment of the tunnel, substantially as and +for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The construction of a rock drill carriage for driving a +tunnel or mine so as to swing in a vertical direction on the +forward wheels and axle, substantially as and for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,000.--RAILWAY CHAIR.--John H. Downing, Salem, Mass. + +<p>I claim the single-headed chair, A, in combination with a +sectional railroad rail, arranged as and for the purpose shown and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,001.--ROTARY PUMP.--John Doyle, Hoboken, N. J., and Timothy A. +Martin, New York city. + +<p>We claim the two drums, A C, placed concentrically one within +the other, the chamber, D, air passages, E E', valves, F G, and +tubular journals, B B', all arranged and combined to operate in +connection with water or other liquid placed in the space or spaces +between the two drums, A C, substantially in the manner as and for +the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,002.--GRINDING MILL.--James F. Drummond, New York city. + +<p>I claim the tubular inlet-journal, b, having its interior +contracted around the feed pipe at one point, and thence flaring +toward the cylinder and the blast pipe, substantially as and for +the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,003.--PIVOT GEARING.--Joseph J. Duchesne, Lacon, Ill. + +<p>I claim the circular bed plate, A, in combination with the +pinion plate, B, and coupling plate, C, secured by the set screw, +S, the whole arranged and operating substantially as and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,004.--CULTIVATOR.--William Duffner, Petersburg, Ind. + +<p>I claim the cultivator composed of the elements, A B B' C D E F +H I J N, and the device for regulating the depth of the shovels, +composed of the elements, G K L M P, constructed and arranged as +set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,005.--WOVEN FABRIC.--J. Renshaw, East Greenwhich, R.I. + +<p>I claim the fabric, herein described, as a new article of +manufacture.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,006.--HORSE RAKE.--Edward A. Field, Sidney, Me. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The application of each tooth, E, to its arm, D, +by means of a round tenon arranged at an obtuse angle with the axis +of the tooth, and going into the arm, the same being substantially +as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, Also, the combination as well as the arrangement of the +adjustable brace d, and the staple or clasping wire, f, with the +arm and the tooth, when applid by means substantially as specified, +viz., a cylindrical tenon arranged at an obtuse angle with the axis +of the tooth, and going into a corresponding hole made in the +arm.</p> + +<p>3d, Also, the combination of the damping screw, h, with the arm, +and the tooth applied to such arm by a tenon arranged at an obtuse +angle with the axis of the tooth as specified.</p> + +<p>4th, Also, the arrangement of the rope, or its equivalent, with +the several arms and their teeth, and the braces thereof, the said +rope being to operate as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,007.--PUNCH FOR FORMING CLASP.--Charles D. Flesche, New York +city. + +<p>I claim the sliding punch, B, in combination with the plates, A +A', cutters, b b, an spring, e, substantially as and for the +purpose herein shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,008.--SELF-FASTENING SPRING FOR WEBBING.--John Flinn, +Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to Archer Steel, same place. + +<p>I claim a spiral spring, for webbing, having the wire at one end +of the spiral coils, A A, bent in the manner described and shown by +B C D E, for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,009.--CARVING KNIFE AND FORK HOLDER.--Alden T. Foster, Albany, +N.Y. + +<p>I claim, as an article of manufacture, the dish or stand, A, +constructed substantially as described, with notches, a a and c c, +as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,010.--LAMP CHIMNEY.--Sam'l W. Fowler, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the construction of the glass chimney, with its concave +and convex deflectors, J and E, on each side, and collar, B, +beneath, with its projections, C C, as herein described and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,011.--CARTRIDGE BOX.--William Freeborn, Tivoli, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the square box, A, made of leather or any suitable +material, when constructed with a series of round, fluted, or +ruffled holders, B, on the inside, made of any firm or flexible +material, a series of holders, B, being attached to each flap, C, +in front, and the flaps buttoning to the sides of the box, A, as +herein described and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,012.--DEVICE FOR HITCHING HORSES.--Samuel Galbraith, New +Orleans, La. + +<p>I claim the device above described, consisting of the rings, A +and B, and the pivoted curved jaws, C C, meeting at one extremity +at e' e', and connected at the other by means of the rods, r r, and +springs, s, working in the tube, substantially as and for the +purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,013.--CAPPING SCREWS.--J. Gardner, New Haven, Conn. + +<p>I claim, 1st, Cutting away or depressing the cap at the point +where it meets the nick in the screw head, substantially as +described, so that such cut away or depressed portion, while +connected with and forming part of the cap shall lie within outline +the nick in the screw head, as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, A capped screw in which the slot or depression in the cap +corresponding to the nick in the screw head is forced, +substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein shown and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,014.--TIGHT AND LOOSE PULLEY.--Joseph P. Gates, Lincoln, Ill. + +<p>I claim the construction of the pulley, e, in two sections, with +the arrangement and combination of the ram spring, F, the rebound +guard, G, the stop flange, I, the case dog, J, and spring, K, the +case dog ram, L, the shuttle key, P, and stands, Z, and arm, b, +with cam, a, when constructed, arranged, and operated as herein +described and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,015.--BRICK MACHINE.--Samuel Gissinger, Allegheny City, Pa. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The device for moving the mold on to the roller +way, G, consisting of the arm, l, held by a spring, m', lever, m, +pin, n, on the gear wheel, o, and block, j, moving in the slot, h, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The device for moving the molds under the hopper, consisting +of the gear wheel, p, operated by the gear wheel, c, arm, k', and +block, k, moving the slot, l, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>3d, In combination with the above, the gear wheel, o, shaft, B, +grinding knives, C, stationary knives, D, and fillers, F, in the +hopper, A, substantially as and for the purposes described.</p> + +<p>4th, The roller way, O, provided with openings and rollers, g +and g', substantially as and for the purposes described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,016.--HARVESTER RAKE.--James H. Glass and Albert J Glass, +McGregor, Iowa. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The combination of the wheel, L, with the rake +wheel, A and arms, C, substantially as herein shown and described +and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the cam, O, and bent or crooked lever, M, +with the shaft N, of the gear wheel, L, and with the arm, I, +rigidly connected with the switch, F, substantially as herein shown +and described and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,017.--METHOD OF MOLDING PLASTIC MATERIAL.--Wm. B, Gleason, +Boston, Mass. + +<p>I claim the process substantially as and for the purposes +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,018.--HAND CULTIVATOR.--Wm. C. Goodwin, Hampden, Conn. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the frame, C, with frame, G, +and the set screws, x and y, and binding screw, f, when they are +constructed, arranged, and fitted for adjusting the blades, +substantially as herein described and set, forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the blade with the foot and shank, when +the foot is made with a keel, like v, to guide the blade and +strengthen the shank, substantially as herein described and set +forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the handle, D, with the frame, G, when +the handle is made adjustable by means of the tongue, h, and set +screw, j, and the whole is constructed, combined, and fitted for +use substantially as herein described and set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,019.--APPARATUS FOR MAKING DIPPED CANDLES.--Peter R. Gottstein, +Houghton, Mich. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination and arrangement, substantially as +described, of the weighted cistern, B, car, A, and straps, C, for +the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the cistern, B, car, A, and track, I, +substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination and arrangement of the slab or board, J, +with the weighted cistern, B, substantially as and for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p>4th, The new process of producing dipped candles by raising the +molten tallow or other liquid to the wicks, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,020.--CORN SHELLER.--Joseph Gould, Grinnell, Iowa. + +<p>I claim the roller, C, having its teeth placed upon its face in +the manner herein described, and placed within the box between the +stationary board, b, and adjustable board, F, by means of its +curved springs or oblong slot, when used in combination with +metallic inclined plane, E, and hopper, B, with false bottom, as +herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,021.--KNIFE CLEANER.--Lewis Goulding, Medfield, assignor to +himself and James E. Carpenter, Foxborough, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination in an implement for scouring +knives, of the bar, B, with its adjustable pad, g, arranged for +operation as and for the purposes herein shown and described.</p> + +<p>2d, Also in combination with the board or tablet, A, the bar, B, +provided with the scouring pad, g, and pivoted to such board, and +operating with its upper surface, or upon an inclined bed formed +thereon, essentially as herein set forth and explained.</p> + +<p>3d, Also the combination with the bar, B, and its pad, of the +knife bed and the enclosure for holding and receiving the scouring +material, arranged relatively to each other and to the bar, B, as +herein shown and set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,022.--FENCE POST.--David M. Graham, Evansville, Ind. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The construction of double portable fence posts, +attached by metallic bevel clasps, with flanges, slots, and +tongues, and secured by keys, substantially in the manner and for +the purposes as herein described and shown.</p> + +<p>2d, The adjustable anchors or braces attached by metallic eyes +and key, and the combination of the feet of the posts and base, +substantially in the manner and for the purposes as herein +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,023.--STEAM GAGE.--Albert S. Greene (assignor to John F. +Olmsted), Washington, D.C. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The construction of a steam gage with two columns +of mercury, A and F, communicating with each other at their lower +extremities by means of the flexible diaphragms, c and d. and the +solid double-headed lifter C, substantially in the manner and for +the purpose as herein set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The solid double headed lifter, C, in combination with the +flexible diaphragms, c and d, and the primary and secondary +reservoirs, substantially in the manner and for the purpose as +herein set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The transmission of the pressure of steam from one column to +the other by means of a solid double headed lifter, in combination +with the flexible diaphragms, c and d, substantially in the manner +and for the purpose as herein set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, Providing the primary reservoir, I, with the screw plunger, +H, substantially in the manner and for the purpose as herein set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,024.--MACHINE FOR WALL BUILDING AND STUMP EXTRACTING.--Thomas S. +Greenman, Mystic Bridge, assignor to George W. Packer, Jr., Mystic +River, Conn. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The within described novel construction of a truss +for a wall building machine, the same consisting in the pyramidal +framing, A B B, the horizontal timbers, D D, uprights. E F, +holding-down bolts G J, and inclined braces, I H, combined and +arranged substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, Also in such truss firmly securing the timbers, D D, to the +pyramidal framing, A B B, by enlarging and bolting, or equivalent +fastenings, at the points of contact, in addition to the truss work +before described, substantially as and for the purpose herein +specified.</p> + +<p>3d, Also the diagonal arrangement of the holding-down bolts, G, +at the front of my truss, the same being arranged relatively to the +timbers, D, triangular frame, A B B, and their several connections, +substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,025.--WINDOW SCREEN.--A.W. Griffith, Roxbury, Mass. + +<p>I claim the roller cover, E, in combination with the removable +screen, D, spring roller, C, sash, A, and window frame, as herein +described for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,026.--FERTILIZER.--Wm.C. Grimes, Ladiesburg, Md. + +<p>I claim forming a fertilizer in the manner herein described, of +the ingredients and proportions substantially as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,027.--CULTIVATOR.--John Gross and John C. Tunison, Decatur, Ill. + + +<p>We claim, 1st, the arrangement and combined action of the two +frames, so that when any permanent obstruction comes against any of +the plows the frames will disconnect, and the back frame ride or +move up on the front one and thus avoid breakage, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>2d, Also a frictional spring hook upon the tongue or tongue +frame, for catching or holding upon a cross bar of the rear frame +so that the two frames will not disconnect until the pressure upon +the plow or plows exceeds that for which the hook has been +adjusted, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,028.--HOSE SHIELD.--John A. Hasse, Philadelphia, Pa. + +<p>I claim the combination of the floor or footway, C, with the +side pieces, b b, of a sectional hose bridge, constructed +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,029.--SKY ROCKET.--John W. Hadfield, Newtown, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the application of detachable wings to a sky rocket, +through the medium of a collar or band, arranged so that the wings +may be detached from the collar or band, or the latter detached +from the rocket, substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,030.--SKY ROCKET.--John W. Hadfield, East Williamsburg, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the attachment to a sky rocket of three or more sticks, +at equal distances apart, substantially in the manner and for the +purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,031.--MACHINE FOR REFITTING CONICAL VALVE.--Chas. F. Hall, +Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, last, A milling tool with one or more cutters attached +to one or more arms or longitudinal sections of a cone, whether +straight or oblique, whereby conical valves of different sizes may +refitted, constructed substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination therewith, the yielding center, C, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,032.--COLLECTING OXIDE OF ZINC.--Geo.C. Hall, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A building, structure, or compartment, A, provided +with openings, a, covered by screens, B, substantially as and for +the purpose set forth,</p> + +<p>2d, A screen for separating the oxide of zinc from the fumes and +gases of burning zinc ore, composed of ground cork, hair, wool, +sponge, or other suitable or similar material, confined within a +suitable chamber, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,033.--REGISTER FOR ODOMETERS.--Henry F. Hart, New York City. + +<p>I claim the arrangement in an inclined position of the counting +wheels, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, upon shafts of equal lengths, in +combination with the notched and perforated lid, B, as herein shown +and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,034.--NECKTIE.--Wm.H. Hart, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa. + +<p>I claim a bow or tie, A, having an elastic loop or cord, B, +arranged horizontally at its rear, with both of its ends free, for +the purpose substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,035.--ELLIPTIC CARRIAGE SPRING.--Horace R. Hawkins, Akron. Ohio. + + +<p>I claim an elliptical carriage spring composed of a single +piece, F, or two separate pieces, E E, of steel, united by means of +blocks and bolts, substantially as herein shown and specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,038.--HATCH-LINING DRAWINGS.--E.K. Haynes, Hanover, N.H. + +<p>I claim a straight-edge or scale having a mechanism for +effecting an intermittent movement of the same, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>Also in combination therewith the tongue, q, tor angular lining, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>Also in combination with the feed mechanism, a mechanism for +presenting the straight edge in positions radiating from a center, +substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,037.--PLATFORM SCALE.--D. Hazzard, Milton, Del. + +<p>I claim the Hollow stand, A, the spindle, C, the springs, D, the +elastic rod, G, and the graduated plate, H, in combination and +arranged substantially as shown and described tor the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,038.--PIANO LOCK.--Adam Helmstaedter, Newark, N.J. + +<p>I claim the pin, a, secured in the oscillating hook, C, and +catching in a slot in the hook, C', substantially as and tor the +purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,039.--TWEER.--John B. Himberg, Frederick City, Md. + +<p>I claim a tweer consisting of the box, A, annular cover, C, with +a convex under side, and of the removable ring, E, from which the +concave plate, F, is suspended, all made and operating +substantially as herein shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,040.--LAMP FOR BURNING PETROLEUM.--James Hinks and Joseph Hinks, +Birmingham, England. + +<p>We claim, 1st, Constructing the burners of the said lamps +substantially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated +in figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, of the accompanying drawings, that +is to say, the combination in the same burner, of two or more flat +or curved wick cases or holders, in which two or more flat wicks +are placed, so as to produce thereby two or more flat flames or +elliptical of nearly circular flames.</p> + +<p>2d, Constructing and arranging the shade holders or galleries of +the said lamps for the purpose of admitting air to the flames, +substantially in the manner hereinbefore described, and illustrated +in figs. 7, 11, 12 13 and 14, of the accompanying drawings.</p> + +<p>3d, Supporting the shade holders or galleries in a vase, or cup +on the top of the pillar of the lamp, and supplying air to the lamp +through the said pillar or vase, or supporting them in a cup or +vase without a pillar, the air in this case being supplied through +the vase, substantially in the manner hereinbefore described, and +illustrated in fig. 7 of the accompanying drawings.</p> + +<p>4th, The improvement described and illustrated in figs. 11, 12, +13, and 14, of the accompanying drawings, for isolating the shade +from the shade holder or gallery.</p> + +<p>5th, The arrangement or combination of the parts of +punkah-protectors or wind protectors, substantially in the manner +hereinbefore described, and illustrated in figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, +15, and 16, of the accompanying drawings.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,041.--DEVICE FOR LASHING AND BINDING.--John M. Hirlinger, Red +Rock, Pa. + +<p>I claim the cord, A, provided with the links, B and C, hooked +lever, D, and slide, E, with its ring, a, arranged and used as and +for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,042.--TOOL FOR OPENING FRUIT CANS.--Horace Holt, New York city. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A tool for opening sheet metal cans, composed of a +hand lever, B, carrying a tooth, c, and connected to tongs, A, or +other equivalent means, capable of clamping said tooth-carrying +lever to the can, as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, Placing the tooth, c, in an oblique direction, when the same +is used in combination with the hand lever, B, and clamping device +A, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>3d, The raised bearing, d, in combination with the lever, B, and +clamping device, A, substantially as and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,043.--MOP WRINGER.--Zadok Howe, Lowell, Mich. + +<p>I claim the treadle, G, and spring bail, E, in combination with +the rollers, B and C, the same being used as and for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,044.--MACHINE FOR MAKING EYELETS.--David K. Hoxsie, Providence, +R.I. + +<p>I claim the combination of the eyelet forming punch, C, the +eyelet forming die, e, and the punch, G, arranged and operating +substantially as herein described, for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>Also, in combination with the eyelet forming punch, J, and +cutting punch, H, as described, the spring or snapper, g, arranged +and operating substantially as described, for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,045.--RAILWAY SLEEPING CAR.--George W. Hunt, Hopkinton, Mass. + +<p>I claim the construction and arrangement of the backs of car +seats, by which the whole of some of the backs, and parts of +others, are formed into berths, in connection with adjacent seats, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>Also, the combination of the leaves, n, p, and q, hinged as +shown, and to fold together, for a day car, or to be extended and +made into a berth for a night car, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,046.--HARVESTER.--George M. Jackson, North Hector, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the arrangement and combination of the toothed wheels, S +and T, crank, U, box, W, of the hinged frame, V, adjustable finger +bar, J, hoisting rope or chain, Y, and lever, Z, when constructed +and operated as herein described and for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,047.--REVERSIBLE SADIRON.--S.M. Johnson, Lockport, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination, with a reversible sadiron, A, of +the hollow handle, C, forming a reservoir, i, the pipe, D, leg, l, +and set screw, H, or equivalent, arrranged and operating +substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, Also, in combination therewith, the pipe, E, provided with +burner, e, cone, G, and stop-cock, F, arranged and operating +substantially as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,048.--BOOT AND SHOE.--William Keats, and John Keats, Street, +England. + +<p>We claim the construction of coverings for the feet, +substantially hereinbefore set forth, that is so say, with the sole +cut at the edge, and sewed to the edge of the upper while turned +outward, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,049.--MUFF.--M.A. King, New York city. + +<p>I claim a muff provided with the skeleton spring frame B, made +in sections, for the purpose of sustaining its cylindrical form, +and adapting it for use as a reticule or pocket, substantially as +shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,050.--HORSE HAY FORK.--Alfred Knapp, North Fairfield, Ohio. + +<p>I claim the hinged chisel, c, in combination with the main +piece, A, rod, B, brace piece, G, and holder, D, constructed +substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,051.--FIFTH WHEEL FOR CARRIAGES.--Joshua Lawrence, Palmyra, N.Y. + + +<p>I claim the combination of the housings, a a, inclosing the +rollers, b b, with the bows, G H, the whole conducted and arranged +as described, and operating in the manner and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,052.--WASHING-MACHINE.--J.Q. Leffingwell, Nevada, Iowa. + +<p>I claim the combination of the semi-cylindrical box, D, segment, +W, pinion</p> + +<p>P, parts, m m', lever, H, and ribs, r, as herein described, for +the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,053.--DOOR-FASTENER.--Francis C. Levaliey, Warnerville, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the sliding wedge bolt, F, in combination with the +sliding spring catch, K, and cases, E J, as herein described, for +the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,054.--CONDENSING ENGINE.--William A. Lighthall, New York city. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the ordinary jet condenser, B, air +pump, D, and hot well, E, with the surface condenser, F, and the +valves, H K, and L, as shown and described, so that the change from +the use of the jet condenser can be made at will, and <i>vice +versa</i>,</p> + +<p> </p> + +73,055.--MACHINE FOR FORMING AND TEMPERING ELLIPTIC SPRINGS.--Geo. +S. Long, Bridgeport, Ct. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A steel spring former, substantially as shown and +described, and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The vibrating rod, B, and shoe, f', and any former, F, in +combination with the slotted wheel, W, and roller, W', +substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The hollow shaft, s', and roller, W, in combination with the +binder or presser, D, substantially as shown and described, and for +the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The sliding crank pin, p, in combination with the slotted +wheel, W, and slotted vibrating rod, B, substantially as shown and +described, and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,056.--FURNACE FOR HOT AIR BLAST.--Richard Long, Chillicothe, +Ohio. + +<p>I claim, 1st, Constructing the air pipe of a furnace-blast +heater of fire clay, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, Constructing the air pipe of an oval or other equivalent +form, and uniting the sections of which it is composed by socket +joints, with clumps and keys, substantially as shown and +described.</p> + +<p>3d, Forming the supporting walls, B, of firebrick, with iron +plates between the courses, substantially as shown and +described,</p> + +<p>4th, Placing an open or a solid plate beneath the air pipe, +substantially as and for the purposes herein described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,057.--CLOTHES RACK.--Eugene F. Lyman, Indianapolis, Ind. + +<p>I claim the combination and arrangement of the semi-circular +racks G and H, the arms, f and c, the sockets and staples for the +arms, and the box, A B C D, all operating substantially as and for +the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,058.--CENTER BOARD FOR VESSELS.--E. J. McFarlin, San Francisco, +Cal. + +<p>I claim the location of the center boards, or other equivalent +devices for the same specific purpose, in the extreme bow and stern +of vessels, that is to say, the placing of the said boards forward +of the foremast or aft of the mainmast, in two masted vessels, and +forward of the foremast and aft of the mizzen mast in three masted +vessels, substantially as shown and described, and for the objects +and purposes specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,059.--REGISTER POINTS FOR PRINTING PRESS.--E. W. McGowan, New +York city. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The pivoted or jointed pointer, B, having a spring +or equivalent weight attached, and arranged to operate in the +manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The tube, A, provided with the slotted cap plate, b, and the +nut, C, when used in connection with the pointer, for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,060.--ROOFING.--Orville Manly, Garrettsville, Ohio. + +<p>I claim, 1st, a roof composed of tiles, a and b, having spaces, +S, between them for a water tight cement, substantially as shown +and described, and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The saturated tiles, a, and the saturated tiles, b, +substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The lower or outer row of tiles, b, when laid together, +forming an eaves trough, substantially as shown and described, and +for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,061.--REFINING CAST IRON AND CONVERTING IT INTO STEEL.--Emile +Martin and Pierre E. Martin, Paris, France. + +<p>We claim the method and means for refining and converting cast +iron into cast steel and other metals, substantially as herein +shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,062.--STRAW CUTTER.--John W. Mauzy, Richmond, and James Hughes, +Cambridge, Ind., assignor to James Hughes. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The combination of the side pieces, D D, +constructed as described, containing the bearings for the cutting +mechanism, the shearing bar, B, with square faces, and the spirally +bladed knife, C, arranged substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the perforated rollers, E, ratchet +wheels, F, pawls, H1, i add R, adjustable oscillating arm, G1, +eccentric rod, L, and eccentric, M, respectively, constructed and +arranged substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The arrangement of the cap, G, rollers, E E, covers, Q, +sides pieces, D D, knife, C, and the driving and the feed +mechanism, constructed and combined substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The feed rollers E, when constructed from sheet metal, and +punched from the inside, forming projections as shown, for feeding +the straw to the knife.</p> + +<p>5th, The metallic side pieces, D D, constructed as described, in +combination with the bar, B, knife, C, feed rollers, E E, arranged +substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>6th, The combination of the eccentric, M, on the knife shaft, +eccentric rod, L, and oscillating arm, G1, when the latter are so +arranged as to regulate the cut by adjusting the point of +attachment, substantially in the manner set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,063.--CONVERTIBLE SHOT GUN AND RIFLE.--Samuel McCulloch, Yellow +Springs, Ohio. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The removable barrel, C, constructed with external +collars, c, and secured within a shot gun barrel, A, by a screw, D, +substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, Also the plug, F, for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,064.--DERRICK.--D. J. McDonald, Gold Hill, Nevada. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The derrick standard, L, and frame, K, fitted in +the derrick frame, J, and arranged as shown, for the ready +adjustment of the standard, L.</p> + +<p>2d, The fitting of the derrick frame, J, on the wagon frame, as +shown, to wit by means of the circular plate, D, frame, F, and +circular plate, G, with the wheel, E, and pinion, Y, to admit of +the ready turning of the derrick, as set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The supports, D, provided with screws, a, and attached to +the frame, B as shown, in connection with the levels, b, in +platform, C, for the purpose of levelling the device, substantially +as described.</p> + +<p>4th, The angular platform, C, applied to the wagon, A, when used +in combination with a revolving derrick frame, J, substantially as +and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,065.--AUGERS.--John A. McGee (assignor to Theodore Mace), New +York city. + +<p>I claim the boring instrument formed with a cutting edge +extending outwardly from the base of the tapering screw, and curved +backwards and downwards until it intersects the periphery of the +tool, as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,066.--DRY DOCK.--Israel J. Merritt, New York city. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The arrangement and combination with a floating +section or dock, A, of one or more wells, through which a lifting +chain or chains are passed down to the vessel or object to be +raised, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The arrangement and combination of the lever, J, with the +floating dock or section, A, and chain or chains, C, substantially +as described.</p> + +<p>3d, The shape of the well, B, the same being made flaring from +its top downwards, so as to allow the chains to go or be conducted +from the mouth of the well directly towards the vessel or object to +be raised, substantially as shown.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,067.--KNIFE AND FORK CLEANER.--John Merritt, New York city. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the circular disks, D, leather +or equivalent rubbers, K, shaft, A, holding plates, E E', adjusting +nut, G, and adjusting screw, I, with each other and with the box, +B, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the friction wheel, O, brush, N, and +shaft, L, with each other, and with the disk, D, and box, B, +substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the lever, M, spring, P, and hook, R, +with the brush shaft, L, and box, B, substantially as herein shown +and described, and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,068.--MANUFACTURE OF LAMP BLACK.--A. Millochan, New York city, +assignor to R.N. Perlee, Jersey City, N.J. + +<p>I claim the method herein specified of manufacturing lamp black +by condensing the carbonaceous vapors upon a surface directly over +the flame, that is constantly kept sufficiently cool by artificial +means.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,069.--CAR BRAKE.--James Mitchell, La Porte, Ind. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the lever, A, rod, B, lever, C, +pawls, D and D1, spring, D2, and ratchet wheel, E, substantially as +and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the shaft, E3, collar, R, arm, R', +collar, S, and shaft, I, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the shaft, I, spiral collar, U, lever, T, +and arm, R, for disengaging the brakes, substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination of the ratchet bar, P, with the inclined +face, P1, and catch lever, G, substantially as and for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p>5th, The combination of the ratchet bar, P, with its shoulder, +P2, and the lever, T, substantially as and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,070.--AUTOMATIC TABLE FOR TEACHING.--Hannah Munson, Rockford, +Ill., administratrix of the estate of Wm. C. Munson, deceased. + +<p>I claim the combination of the frame, A, with its pivoted +pointers, C C, and hooks, e e, and movable bars, B B, with pointers +and charts, D, as constructed, the whole being arranged and used +substantially as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,071.--HYDRANT.--John G. Murdock, Cincinnati, Ohio. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The hollow plunger, E, having the interior valve, +I, and sleeve packing, F, which respectively close and encircle the +supply and waste pipe, B, as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the supply and waste pipe, B, and valve, +I, the vertically adjustable hollow plunger, E, for the object +stated.</p> + +<p>3d, The adjustable shoulder or lock nut, J, in combination and +arrangement with the elements, B, D, I and E.</p> + +<p>4th, The arrangement of internally packed plunger, E, which +surrounds and packs a vertical supply pipe, B, having one or more +waste ways, D, and being enclosed within and guided by a cup, C, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,072.--CLEANER FOR LAMP CHIMNEYS.--R.B. Musson, Champaign, Ill. + +<p>I claim a cleaner for lamp chimneys, bottles, and other articles +of a similar character, consisting of strips of rubber, or other +soft elastic substance, secure to a holder, and arranged in manner +and for the purposes substantially above set forth and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,073.--BOOT AND SHOE HEEL.--Erastus Newhall, Lynn, assignor to +himself and John R. Moffitt, Chelsea, Mass. + +<p>I claim a heel made with a circular thread and a corresponding +seat, when one or both of the two parts are made of elastic +material, and are united substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,074.--PORTABLE HOT AIR CONDUCTOR.--John B. Oldershaw, Baltimore, +Md. + +<p>I claim a portable hot air receiver and conductor, constructed, +arranged and operating in connection with a stove, for the purpose +of heating apartments above it, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,075.--VINE HOLDER.--Garret J. Olendorf and Albert O. Parshall, +Middlefield, N.Y. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The frame, A, constructed as described and set +forth, for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>2d. The cord, B, combined with and supported by frame, A, as +described and set forth, for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,076.--BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS.--Henry O. Peabody (assignor to +the Providence Tool Company), Providence, R.I. + +<p>I claim combining the breech block, A, hinged at its posterior +extremity, and operating as described, with the hammer, D, by means +of the protuberant inclined plane, C, or its equivalent, +substantially as described for the purposes specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,077.--RAILWAY CROSSINGS.--Stanhope Perkins, Fairfield, England. + +<p>I claim forming the points or V-parts of crossings, without +splice, by bending the rail, prepared as above described, back upon +itself, and securing the abutting parts in the manner and for the +purpose above set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,078.--MANUFACTURE OF LAMP BLACK.--R.N. Perlee, Jersey City, N.J. + + +<p>I claim the method herein specified of manufacturing lamp black, +by introducing atmospheric air to the flame, by artificial means, +for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,079.--AXLE BOX.--Henry B. Pitner, La Porte, Ind. + +<p>I claim, 1st, An axle box, substantially as shown and described, +and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The sleeve or thimble, A, in combination with the end +pieces, B, substantially as shown and described, and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The shoulder, a1, and the shoulder, a2, in combination with +the sleeve A, and end pieces, B, substantially as shown and +described, and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,080.--RAILWAY CHAIR.--Leander Pollock, (assignor to himself and +John P. Schenck, Jr.), Matteawan, N.Y. + +<p>I claim 1st, A railroad-chair which is divided by an inclined +line drawn through the base, into two parts, A and B, each part +carrying one of the cheeks, and all made and operating +substantially as herein shown and described.</p> + +<p>2d, Interposing an elastic plate, g, between the edge of the +upper base, d, and the stationary cheek, a, substantially as and +for the purpose herein shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,081.--VENTILATING HAY-MOWS.--Geo. Race, Norwich, N.Y. + +<p>I claim making vertical perforated pipes, having lateral +branches extending out from the main pipe for the purpose of +ventilating hay-mows, and stacks of hay or grain, substantially as +herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,082.--PNEUMATIC CAR.--Louis Ransom, Lansingburg, N.Y. + +<p>I claim in combination with a pneumatic car, a series of metal +cylinders for containing compressed air, the said cylinders being +connected by pipes, so as to form one common reservoir +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, I also claim the combination, with a stove for warming the +car, or other heating apparatus, a conducting pipe, for the +compressed air, so located with reference to the stove or other +heating apparatus that the compressed air in passing through it +will become heated, and have its expansive power increased thereby, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>3d, I also claim the compound flexible pipe, constructed +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>4th, I also claim the muffler, D, for the purpose of deadening +the sound of the escaping air as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,083.--MACHINE FOR SHARPENING SAWS.--E.B. Rich, (assignor to +himself and Andre Cashing), Boston, Mass. + +<p>I claim the sliding holder, B. and adjustable rail, C, in +combination with the grinding wheel, D, constructed and arranged to +operate as herein described, for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>72.084.--AUTOMATIC REGISTER.--J.T. Buckley, Ottawa, Ill. +administrator of the estate of Stephen Rigler, deceased.</p> + +<p>I claim 1st, Operating a register slide so as to regulate the +temperature of apartments, by means of a column of mercury within a +tube, which is arranged within the register itself and acts upon +said slide through the means substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of an index hand, B, with a register +arranged and operated by a column of mercury within a tube, which +is arranged within the register itself, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination with a circular turning register slide, B, +of mercury pipe, G', piston rod, g1, cross head, g, toothed lever, +F, spur wheel, d, and shaft, b, arranged, constructed and operating +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,085.--SHOVEL PLOW, CULTIVATOR, ETC.--P.A. Ross, Harveys, Pa. + +<p>I claim 1st, The combination of the notched rack, E, and +removable pin, F, with the pivoted or rocking cross-bar, C, and +slotted standard, B, substantially as herein shown and described +and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, Connecting the forward ends of the handles, D, to the beam, +A, by means of the hook or eye-bolt, G, and pivoted bar or plate, +H, when used in connection with the pivoted or rocking cross bar, +C, and pin, F, substantially as herein shown and described and for +the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,086.--FENCE POST.--Robert Ramsey, New Wilmington, Pa. + +<p>I claim the fence-post, P P' P", having dove-tail gains at its +lower end, in combination with the parallel slits, A A', and the +keys, e e e e, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,087.--CHURN.--J.A. Rowley, Vanceburg, Ky. + +<p>I claim the arrangement substantially as described of the +driving wheel, C, shafts, c c', spring, D, notched bracket, E e. +and friction pulley, F G, for the purpose of imparting a rotary +motion to the dasher shaft, f, in the manner herein described and +set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,088.--STEAM TRAP.--David Saunders, Brooklyn, N.Y. assignor to +Jos. Nason & Co., New York city. + +<p>I claim 1st, The arrangement of the central part, C, of the +cover and main cover, B, substantially as herein set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The arrangement of the stop-joint between the floating part +and the fixed part of the apparatus, whereby to avoid the clogging +by accumulations of dirt as specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The arrangement of the tubes E and H, the tube, H, being +mounted upon the floating part, substantially as herein +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,089.--DOOR SPRING.--Rudolph Schrader, Indianapolis, Ind. + +<p>I claim 1st, The door-spring, constructed as described, +consisting of the hollow socket, F, placed over the square shank of +the door arm: and provided with the right angular arm, J, sleeve, +E, to which the inner end of the coiled spring, D, is securely +fastened, fitting at or alternating upon the socket, F, and +provided with the right angular arm, I, resting against the post, +H, in the case, A, the free end, G, of the spring resting against +the opposite side of said post, all operating as described for the +purpose specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The spring, D, operated by means of the right angular arm, +J, of the hollow shank, F, engaging with the outer end, G, of the +spring when the door moves in one direction, and when moving in the +opposite direction engaging with the arm, I, of the sleeve, E, to +which the inner end of the spring is secured substantially as +described for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination and arrangement within the case, A, of the +spring, D, hollow socket, F, having arm, J, sleeve, E, having arm, +I, post, H, and hook, G, operating as described for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,090.--POLE COUPLING FOR VEHICLES.--Anson Searls, N.Y. city. + +<p>I claim the circular joints, B B, and the arrangement of the +ratchet teeth, K K, springs, D D, and bolts, E E, in combination +with the arm, A, substantially as described and for the purposes +set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,091.--CARRIAGE.--Anson Searls, San Francisco, Cal. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The axle composed of the steel bars, d and g, +attached, as herein described.</p> + +<p>2d, The clip b, passing around under the axle, with its ends +fastened to the plate a, on the rocker, both before and behind the +axle, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,092.--STEAM ENGINE.--George Shale, Taunton, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The steam-chest, B, constructed with the chambers, +gh, and partition, p, in combination with the steam and exhaust +pipes, and cylinder, a, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The valve-rods, i i', provided with the recesses or +chambers, k k, in combination with the partition, p, constructed as +described, and operated by the lever, l, as and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,093.--FERRULE.--Archibald Shaw, Philadelphia, Pa. + +<p>I claim a ferrule, provided internally, or at its inner side, +with oblique spurs or projections, substantially as and for the +purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,094.--FENCE POST.--Warren H. Shay, Sylvania, Ohio. + +<p>I claim the plank standards, B B, joined by the pins, a a, the +braces, A A, and the cross-piece, C, combined and secured by the +dove-tail tenons, o b, the gib and key, c d, and the keys, g g, +substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,095.--TABULAR HEATER.--C.J.Shepard, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the grate, E, ash-pit, D, and +combustion-chamber, C, with the slide-valve, I, for the purposes +indicated.</p> + +<p>2d, The slide-valve at the junction of the upper and under front +flue, for the purposes described.</p> + +<p>3d, The upper front flue covered externally with a +non-conducting lining as a portion of the combustion-chamber.</p> + +<p>4th, The corrugated tubular externally-flanged chamber, provided +with an incombustible termination, constructed and operating +substantially as shown for the purposes pointed out.</p> + +<p>5th, A semi-cylindrical reverberating chamber of combustion, +when combined with a flue and a series of tubes, for the purposes +specified.</p> + +<p>6th, A feeding-chamber in combination with an arched chamber of +combustion and the abutments for properly distributing the fuel +upon the grate.</p> + +<p>7th, Constructing the bed-plate or grate-plate in such a manner +that the same shall form a support for the grate and brick-work of +the chamber of combustion, as well as the bed of the front +flue.</p> + +<p>8th, The division-plate, in combination with a series of tubes, +for the purposes fully described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,096.--WINDOW-SASH SUPPORTER.--J.W.Simpson, Newark, N.J. + +<p>I claim the lever, d, and wedge, b, constructed, combined, and +operated substantially in the manner and for the purpose +hereinabove set forth.</p> + +<p>Also, the socket, m, with its ratch, n, and the catch, i, on the +lever, d, in combination with the lever and wedge, in the manner +and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,097.--STAKE-HOLDER FOR RAILROAD CARS.--Thomas A. Slack, Peoria +county, Ill. + +<p>I claim the combination of revolving staple, stakes, and +divisional "coal sides." as described and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,098.--EXCAVATOR.--Benjamin Slusser, Sidney, Ohio, assignor to +himself and Elias M. Gluck, same place. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The method of elevating or adjusting the plough of +an excavator by the rotary motion of the forward axle, derived from +the forward wheels by means of the clutches, a' a', substantially +as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the above, the plough, P, racks, r r, +and pinion, a, when the latter is fixed to the axle, and operates +to raise the plough by power derived from the axle, substantially +as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the rocking cart, C, gear, e e'e", apron, +B, and plough, P, when the parts are so constructed and arranged +that by the raising or depressing of the plough, the wheels, e e', +shall be thrown into or out of gear, and the apron put in motion or +stopped, substantially as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>4th. The combination of the looped rods, w w w, with the arms, v +v v, doors, m m' m", and lever, 1", substantially as and for the +purpose specified.</p> + +<p>5th, The lips or projections, o o, of the doors, m m' m", +substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>6th. The combination of the rod, u, lever, l', spring, s, +trigger, n, doors, m m' m", having the lips, o o o, rod, y', and +hook, y, substantially as and for the purposes specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,099.--AUGER HANDLE.--Daniel Y. Smith, Joliet, Ill. + +<p>I claim the combination of the ferrule, a, with the annular nut, +e, and flat spring, c, when constructed and arranged as and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,100.--MACHINE FOR SHARPENING SAWS.--J.B.Smith, Milwaukee, Wis. + +<p>I claim cutter, B, gauge, E, and adjustable cone-mandrel, D, in +combination, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,101.--RAISING OILS AND BURNING-FLUIDS BY PNEUMATIC +PRESSURE.--John Henry Smith, Allegheny city, Pa. + +<p>I claim raising, by pneumatic pressure, oils or burning-fluids +from an oil or fluid compartment of a ship or other vessel, and +mixing with said oil and fluid the gas generated therefrom, as +herein described and set forth.</p> + +<p>Also, the combination and arrangement of the pipes, A B C f and +f', when used in connection with the oil or fluid compartment, R, +of a ship or other vessel, the whole being constructed, arranged, +and operating substantially in the manner hereon described and set +forth.</p> + +<p>Also, in connection with the above, ejecting fine jets of water +into the flame, caused by the burning of the oil or fluid and other +matter mixed therewith, as herein described and set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,102.--SHIP FOR TRANSPORTING PETROLEUM.--John H. Smith, Allegheny +city, Pa. + +<p>I claim, providing the hulls of ships and other vessels with a +compartment for oils and burning fluids, said compartment being +protected with water, and furnished with supply and discharge +pipes, substantially as herein described and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,103.--DEVICE FOR SHEARING AND CLIPPING WOOL.--R.T.Smith and +J.K.Priest, Nashua, N.H. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The revolving spring cutter or cutters, O, in +connection with a cutter-plate.</p> + +<p>2d, The open cutter-plate, P.</p> + +<p>3d, The shield, N, in connection with the cylinder, C, covering +shaft, M, and extending into groove, g, substantially in the manner +and for the purpose herein described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,104.--CORN PLOUGH.--John Snyder, Williamsfield, Ohio. + +<p>I claim the combination of the tongue, H, strap, L, and upright, +K, with the forward end of the central beam, A, substantially as +herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,105.--BOOT-HEEL POLISHER.--V.K.Spear, Lynn, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The reciprocating polisher, moving in the line of +an arc of a circle, by means of mechanism substantially as herein +described, and having an elastic bearing, as and for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with a reciprocating polisher, substantially +as described, I claim the pivoted sliding frame to support the boot +or shoe constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,106.--MEANS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS.--Robt.R. Spedden and Daniel +F. Stafford, Astoria, Oregon. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The combination of the rack-frame, K, racks, I +and J, and ratchet wheel, H, with each other and with a shaft, D, +for the purpose of applying power to said shaft, substantially as +herein shown and described.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the stationary post, O, pitman, N, +rocking-post, M, and adjusting slide, L, with each other, with the +rack frame, K, and with the hinged parts of a vessel or other +structure, one or both of said hinged parts floating in the water, +so as to be acted upon by the motion of the waves, substantially as +herein shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,107.--CULTIVATOR.--C.E.Steller, Chicago, Ill. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The hinged runners, J W, substantially as and for +the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The slotted sides, A A and B B, in combination with the +shanks, C D E, arranged to be set at different angles, and fastened +by set-screws, Z Z, as described.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the guide-bar, E, arranged to be raised +and lowered, with rear standards, H H, and sides, A A B B, as +described.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination of standards, G G, hinged runners, J W, and +sides, A A B B, as set forth.</p> + +<p>5th, The shanks, U, of shovel, T, arranged to fit in a socket, +V, and bar, S, in combination with standards, G G, and cross-bar, +I, as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>6th, The double evener, L, arranged substantially as set +forth.</p> + +<p>7th, The double evener, L, in combination with braces, O O and P +P, with or without braces, Y, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,108.--EYE CUP.--Benj. F. Stephens, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim a pair of bowls, united by tubes or necks to an +exhaustion-bag or ball, as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,109.--HARVESTER RAKE.--Edward Stewart, Fort Madison, Iowa. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the shafts, D E and G, with their +respective wheels, crank, I, and pitman, J, with its dividing end, +J', connecting the arms, e e, upon the box, K', at the end of +shaft, K, the whole constructed and operating substantially as and +for the purposes specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,110.--STREET PAVEMENT.--H. M. Stow, San Francisco, Cal. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A wooden pavement, composed of alternate tiers of +square-ended and wedge-shaped blocks, the wedge-shaped ends of the +latter being driven down into a foundation-bed of sand or earth, +substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, A wooden pavement, composed of blocks with lower ends +wedge-formed, and all driven down into a foundation-bed of sand or +earth, substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,111.--STREET PAVEMENT.--H. M. Stow, San Francisco, Cal. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The cast iron plates, with projecting wedge-shaped +flanges to be driven into the sand or earth, substantially as and +for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, Also, a pavement composed of alternate tiers of cast iron +plates, with projecting wedge-shaped flanges and wedge-shaped +wooden blocks, driven into the sand and earth, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,112.--WASHING MACHINE.--John D Swartz, Milton, Pa + +<p>I claim, 1st, The slotted aims, g, bearing the shaft, D, and +rubber, C, when such arms are connected at their lower ends by the +slotted bar, E, through which the spring, G, passes as herein +described for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of the semi-circular rubber, C, slotted +arms, g, shaft, D, slotted cross-bar, E, spirally grooved rollers, +d, in the curved frames, B, the spring, G, and rack, H, as herein +described for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,113.--PORTABLE FENCE.--G. D. Sweigert, Martic township, Pa., +assignor to himself, John Sweigert and Felix W. Sweigert. + +<p>I claim a portable fence, combined of round wrought-iron posts, +C, bed-plate, A, rails, B, scarfed, and applied with intervening +ferrules, D, head and bottom washers, F, all arranged in the manner +and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,114.--VARIABLE CRANK FOR BORING MACHINE.--G. C. Taft, Worcester, +Mass., assignor to Theodore Mace, Sing Sing, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the two variable cranks, constructed as specified, and +applied in the manner shown, to the shaft or axis of the boring +machine, as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,115.--ROTARY TAKE-UP FOR KNITTING MACHINE.--James Teachout, +Waterford, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The stationary scroll plate, C, placed over the +center of motion of take-up of knitting machines, for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p>2d, Also, in combination with the scroll plate, C, the toothed +gear, D, for the purpose herein set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, Also, the toothed wheel, D, or its equivalent, either +separately, or combined with the described appendages e i g i K, +arranged as shown and described as operating substantially in the +manner and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>4th, Also, in combination with the above, the adjustable gear, +s, and concentric gears, s', for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,116.--KNITTING MACHINE.--James Teachout, Waterford, N.Y. + +<p>I claim 1st, Forming the "jacks" or loop-lifters, B, with a +projecting are, f, and depressed arc, g, for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>2d, n combination with the arc, f, and arch, g, the rounded end, +as shown and described.</p> + +<p>3d, In combination with the described knitting jacks, a +retaining hub or device, constructed and arranged as shown and +described.</p> + +<p>72117,--KNITTING MACHINE--James Teachout, Waterford, N.Y.</p> + +<p>I claim, 1st, The vertically adjustable collars or rings, G and +H, for the purposes described.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the collars, G and H, the partitions or +wings, k, and groove, l, as set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, In combination with the adjustable collars, G and H, wings, +k, and groove, l, the "jacks" or lifters, M, formed as shown and +described, for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,118.--MANUFACTURING ILLUMINATING GAS.--J. B. Terry, Hartford, +Conn. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The method herein described of heating air charged +with hydrocarbon vapor, so as to render it non-condensable previous +to its delivery as an illuminating gas, for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The employment of a retort or other heating medium +interposed between the carbureter and gas holder or other +gas-delivering or gas-burning device, substantially as and for the +purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The employment of one or more burners under the retort or +vessel, for the purpose of heating the same under the arrangement +herein shown and described.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination, with the carbureting vessel and +intermediate heater, of a jacket under or around the sand +carbureter, and a flue connecting the jacket with said heater, +substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,119.--LOOMS.--S. T. Thomas and J. H. Dolley, Guildford, N.H. + +<p>We claim, in combination with the lever, g, arranged to operate +as set forth, the incline, n, or its equivalent, for relieving the +picker from the action of the spring, i, to permit free movement of +the shuttle boxes, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,120.--GATE.--John W. Thompson, Greenfield, Mass. + +<p>I claim a gate, made of metallic tubing and connections, +substantially as herein set forth and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,121.--TAIL-PIECE FOR VIOLINS.--James Thoms, South Boston, Mass. + +<p>I claim applying a winch to the tail-piece of a violin, +substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,122.--FOLDING BEDSTEAD AND CRIB.--R. S. Titcomb, Gloversville, +N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, A folding bedstead or crib, substantially as shown +and described, and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, a rotating bedding-box, A, in combination with the head and +foot-boards of a bedstead or crib, substantially as shown and +described, and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, Folding head and foot-boards, composed of the parts, F and +C, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>4th, The swinging sides, A', in combination with the box, A, and +the head and foot-boards, F C, substantially as shown and +described, and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,123.--STEAM ENGINE.--J. F. Troxel, Bloomsville, Ohio. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The construction of the oscillating valve, T, and +arrangement of the openings, S P P', and R, substantially as shown +and described.</p> + +<p>2d, Also the arrangement of the piston rods, K and L, operating +in one and the same end of the cylinder, substantially as shown and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,124.--WARDROBE.--Nathan Turner, West Lynn, Mass. + +<p>I claim a convertible wardrobe, closet, or bookcase, with +swinging or folding sides, C, and swinging or folding top, A, and +bottom, B, substantially as described and for the purpose set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,125.--APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING OILS.--Herbert W.C. Tweddle, +Pittsburg, Pa + +<p>I claim, 1st, A trough or troughs, having perforations for the +passage of the oil in small quantities and furnished with points +near to such perforations, so as to cause the oil to pass therefrom +in drops, or fine streams, or thin films or layers, over heated +pipes or tubes placed thereunder, when used within a vacuum still, +for the purposes substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, In a vacuum still for distilling oil, the use of a series or +coil of steam pipe, placed horizontally, one under another, as a +series of evaporating surfaces, substantially as and for the +purposes above set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, In a vacuum still for distilling oil, a series or coil of +steam jet pipes, e, in combination with a series or coil of +evaporating pipes, a, substantially as and for the purposes above +set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, Combining together a series of apparatus, such as +hereinbefore described, for the purpose of procuring a continuous +distillation of petroleum, each member of a series consisting of a +vacuum still containing a coil of steam pipe as evaporating +surfaces, and troughs for the gradual distillation of the oil, in +combination with suitable condensing apparatus, substantially as +and and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.</p> + +<p>5th, A vacuum residnum receiver D, connected to and in +combination with a vacuum still, or a battery of such stills, +substantially in the manner and for the purposes above set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,126.--DISTILLING HYDROCARBON OILS.--Herbert W. C. Tweddle, +Pittsburg, Pa. + +<p>I claim, 1st, In distilling hydrocarbon oils, vaporizing the oil +by causing it to flow in a thin film or layer over the surfaces of +a series of heated pipes in a vacuum still, with or without the +application of superheated steam, substantially as above +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The application of the process of distillation, hereinbefore +described, to the re-distillation of fire-distilled oils, for the +purpose of producing an oil similar to the refined oil of commerce, +substantially as above set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, Securing a continuous and complete distillation of +hydrocarbon oils by causing the oil to flow over the surfaces of a +succession of heated pipes in different vacuum stills, the +temperature of such pipes increasing in each successive still, so +as to drive off at first more volatile ingredients, and then those +less so, and so on till only the residuum remains, substantially as +hereinbefore described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,127.--GRAIN DRILL.--Joseph G. Yale, Cumberland Co, Pa. + +<p>I claim the quarti-elliptical shovel, B, with its base, E E', +coming to a point at E, the rod, C, the rod, H, with thereon the +balls, D and D', together with the funnel, A, all constructed and +operating in the manner and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,128.--WINDOW-SASH STOP.--George R. Vanderbilt (assigner to +himself, J. J. Lindstrom, and D. W. Stidolph), Mount Vernon, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The two clamping plates, and the tightening bolt, +combined and operated substantially as and for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The springs, arranged in relation to the plates, c d, +substantially as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,129.--MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.--George W. van Dusen, Williamsburg, +N.Y. + +<p>I claim the combination and arrangement of lever, V, with finger +piece, Y, at one end and stud, b, at the other valve, G, and air +passage, E, closed by a flexible diaphragm, K, substantially as +herein described, and for the purpose of producing, by means of +air, an action upon any suitable sound-producing mechanism through +the movement of a sheet or strip perforated, or in any other +eqivalent manner prepared.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,130.--WATER INDICATOR FOR BOILERS.--Andreas Vang, Chicago, Ill. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the globe, a, arm, b, cylinder, c, +indicator, f, and whistle, g, substantially as herein set +forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,131.--HORSE HAY FORK.--Oliver Vanorman, Ripon, Wis. + +<p>I claim the arrangement of the fork heads, B B', in the frame, +A, and with the arms, C C', rollers, e e, and cords, D D, as and +for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,132.--WASHING MACHINE.--Lewis Vaughan, Rapids, O. + +<p>I claim the adjustable bottom, B, and spring lever, I, as +arranged in combination with the roller, C, in the manner +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,133.--HAY RAKER AND LOADER.--Albert Vose, Pittsfield, assignor +to himself and Ambros S. Vose, Randolph, Vt. + +<p>I claim, 1st, the fork arm, b, hinged or pivoted to the frame in +line with the axle, and operated by means of friction blocks, as +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The friction blocks, d, in combination with fork arm, b, and +eccentric levers, e, arranged as described.</p> + +<p>3d, The fork arms, b, in combination with the freely-swiveling +fork bar, o, operated as described.</p> + +<p>4th, The forks, q, pivoted in swiveling bar, o, and operated by +means of levers, v, and rods, cords, or chains, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>5th, The levers, v, mounted on fork bars or arms, b, in +combination with the fork, q, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>6th, The combination of forks, q, spring, t, chains, w, and +levers, v, with the fork arm, b, substantially as and for the +purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>7th, The means for opening and closing the lifting forks in +combination with a means for operating the friction blocks, or +their equivalent, whereby they are operated simultaneously, as +described.</p> + +<p>8th, The lever, e, for closing the forks and applying the +friction blocks, as described, in combition with the arms, g, for +releasing the same as described.</p> + +<p>9th, The extension, x, of the pivoted fork bars, b, in +combination with cords or chains, 5, operating as described.</p> + +<p>10th, The curved or semicircular rake head, or its equivalent, +arranged in rear of and operated in connection with the lifting +fork, substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,134.--WASHING MACHINE.--George E. Wade, Jefferson City, Mo. + +<p>I claim the lever, M, the spiral metal plate, F, the wash +boards, A and B, corrugated as shown, and the springs, c c' c". In +combination with a common wash tub, when constructed, arranged, and +operating substantially as shown and specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,135.--BOLT AND RIVET MACHINE.--John Wakefield, Birmingham, +England, assignor to Isaac Smith and William Fothergill Bartho. + +<p>I claim, 1st, the arrangement or combination, substantially as +hereinbefore described, and illustrated in the accompanying +drawings, of the vertical dies, b b, for cutting off and carrying +the cut-off length of rod, and for shaping the head of the rivet or +bolt, with the horizontal punch or die, m, for shaping the shank of +the rivet or bolt, and upsetting the end of the rivet or bolt into +a head in the vertical dies.</p> + +<p>2d, The arrangement or combination of parts hereinbefore +described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, for giving +motion to the said vertical dies, b b, and horizontal punch or die, +m.</p> + +<p>3d, The arrangement or combination of parts hereinbefore +described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, for +removing the finished rivet or bolt from the horizontal punch or +die.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,136.--EGG BEATER.--Dudley Webster, Washington, D. C. + +<p>I claim as a new article of manufacture an egg-beater spoon, +constructed as described, viz., with its circumference and the +edges of an inner central opening serrated as and for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,137.--BRICK MACHINE.--P.V.Westfall, Kalamazoo, Mich. + +<p>I claim, 1st, the combination of the two molding cylinders, C C, +when the molding recesses, I I, in said cylinders, and their +intermediate followers, J J, are so proportioned with each other +that the faces of the said followers cannot be brought in contact +with each other, and when the said follower pieces have +substantially the degree of curvature herein represented and +described.</p> + +<p>2d, In connection with the molding cylinders, C C, I also claim +the central shaft, b, and its operating levers, L L, in combination +with the jointed rods, n n, and the crank arms, m m, on the +respective cam shafts, for operating all the cams simultaneously, +substantially in the manner herein set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, Also the vibrating spring scraper, i, in combination with +the wire cloth belt, w, when arranged with the molding cylinders, C +C, and operated substantially in the manner and for the purpose +herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,138.--APPARATUS FOR ENAMELING PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--Nathaniel +Weston, San Francisco, Cal. + +<p>I claim the rest, A, for the glass, or its equivalent, the use +of the glasses, B B, the weight G, the fastenings, H, the clamps, E +E, or their equivalents, in combination, for the purposes, herein +set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,139.--VALVE GEAR FOR STEAM ENGINES.--Norman W. Wheeler, +Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim, 1st, Opening the ports, as i' i" so as to suspend the +operation of the moving force upon the valve or valves at the +period when the steam is cut off, and before the exhaust is opened, +substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, Also the closure of certain ports, as i' i" and k' k", so as +to cause the valve or valves to resume the movement toward its or +their full throw at the proper period, substantially as and for the +purposes herein set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, Also opening the proper ports, as h' h, so as to suspend the +moving force operating upon the valve or valves, when they or it +have reached the proper limit of throw, substantially as and for +the purposes herein set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, Also regulating the times of closing passages, so as to +induce the cutting-off movement of the valve or valves, at variable +periods, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein +set forth.</p> + +<p>5th, Also changing a continuous reciprocating motion derived +from an eccentric, or equivalent moving part of the engine, to an +intermittent reciprocating motion, by means of a hydraulic +apparatus as hereinbefore described, substantially in the manner +and for the purpose herein set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,140.--DITCHING MACHINE.--A.H.Whitacre and T.S.Whitacre, Morrow, +Ohio. + +<p>We claim, 1st, The combination of the sled, A, and the frame, B, +connected by the racks and pinions, c a, at the corners, arranged +and operating substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, The pulleys, D and E, carrying the endles chain, g, with the +scoops, h h, in combination, with the drum, C, the plungers, n n, +operating by the double incline, p, around the wheel, K, and the +sweep, F, constructed and operating substantially as and for the +purpose herein described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,141.--FARM FENCE.--Samuel P. Williams, Sheridan, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the application and use of the triangular brace posts, B +B, and tie-rod, C, in the construction of farm fences, in the +manner substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,142.--VENTILATING TUNNEL.--Hugh B. Wilson, N.Y. city. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The method of applying street lamp posts, and +awning and other useful or ornamental posts, pillars, or +structures, to the purposes of ventilating underground railway +tunnels, substantially as within described.</p> + +<p>2d. Also the combination of street lamp posts, and awning and +other posts, pillars, or structures, whether for ornament or use, +with the connecting tubes of such railway tunnels, substantially in +manner set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,143.--MEDICAL COMPOUND.--J.T. Wilson, Brooklyn, N.Y. + +<p>I claim the combination of the above-named ingredients in the +manner as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,144.--SHOE LIFTER.--Wm.H. Winans, Newark, N.J. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the lever plate, A, griping +plate, B, spring, b, and holding level, C, substantially as and for +the purpose specified.</p> + +<p>2d, The teeth or studs, a', provided upon the inner surface of +the griping plate B, and arranged in relation with the back of the +plate, A, substantially as and for the purpose specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,145.--STOVE.--T.W.Wisner, Howell, Mich. + +<p>I claim the portable hop-drying stove, constructed as described, +of the corrugated side and end plates, A, supported upon the ash +pan, B, extending the entire length of the stove, and mounted upon +wheels, the adjustable grate placed at b, in the center of the +stove, and the boiler, all arranged as described for the purpose +specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,146.--PAPER FILE.--John Wolfe, Washington, D. C. + +<p>I claim the paper file or holder constructed and operated as +herein recited.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,147.--LATHE BOX AND JOURNAL.--Aurin Wood, Worcester, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination and relative arrangement of the +oil box, B, and grove, a, and inclined oil passage, e, formed in +the bottom part, A, of the journal box, substantially in the manner +and for the purpose herein shown and specified.</p> + +<p>The combination of the journal, C, having the peculiarly shaped +grooves, d d, cut in its surface, with the journal box, D, provided +in its lower part with the oil box, inclined oil passage, and +groove, a, under the arrangement substantially as herein shown and +set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,148.--LATHE FOR TURNING SHAFTING.--Aurin Wood, Worcester, Mass. + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination with the bed of the lathe, +provided with a reservoir or receptacle, as described, of the +sliding tool carriage and the pump, attached to and moving with +said carriage, substantially as and for the purposes shown and set +forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination with the sliding tool carriage and pump, +mounted upon said carriage, of the cup, C, and tube connecting said +cup with the pump, substantially in the manner and for the purposes +herein shown and described.</p> + +<p>3d, The method of operating the pump by connecting the piston +rod of the same with a friction wheel, actuated by the rotation of +the shaft which is being turned in the machine, in the manner +herein shown and specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,149.--FINGER BAR FOR HARVESTER.--Walter A. Wood, Hoosick Falls, +N.Y. + +<p>I claim, bevelling off the front upper corner of the finger bar, +to afford a seat for the sickle or scythe bar, to vibrate upon, in +combination with beveling off the lower side of the finger bar, for +the reception of the guard finger.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,150.--CURTAIN FIXTURE.--William H. Woods, Philadelphia, Pa. + +<p>I claim the lever dog, e, with the cross foot, e, engaging and +disengaging the teeth of the rack, b b, in combination with the +swivelled knob, d, having a cross bar, g, and working in the slot, +a a, of the racket case, A, substantially as and for the purpose +herein described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +72,151.--CHIMNEY.--Ebenezer S. Phelps, Jr., Wyanet, Ill. + +<p>I claim the device above described, consisting of the iron box, +A, and drawer, B, constructed and arranged as shown, when used in +combination with the chimney, D, substantially in the manner and +for the purposes specified.</p> + +<hr> +<p>REISSUES.</p> + +<p>62,057.--BRICK MACHINE.--Philip H. Kells, Adrian, Mich. Dated +March 19,1867. Reissue 2,810.</p> + +<p>I claim, 1st, The combination of the annular mold bed, B, and +the central hub or support, C, substantially as described and +represented.</p> + +<p>2d, The adjustable wedge-shaped cut off, d, arranged and +employed in the manner and for the purpose explained.</p> + +<p>3d, Ihe arrangement upon the mold wheel of the two pug mills on +opposite portions, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>4th, An annular mold wheel, provided with cogs or gear teeth +upon its periphery, and mounted upon a central hub or support, +substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<hr> +<p>DESIGNS.</p> + +<p>2,846.--MASONIC BADGE--Virgil Price, New York city.</p> + +<p>2,847.--COOK'S STOVE.--Russell Wheeler, Utica, N.Y.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="7"></a></p> + +<h2>PENDING APPLICATIONS FOR REISSUES.</h2> + +<p><i>Application has been made to the Commissioner of Patents for +the Reissue of the following Patents, with new claims as subjoined. +Parties who desire to oppose the grant of any of these reissues +should immediately address MUNN & Co., 37 Park Row, +N.Y.</i></p> + +<hr> +<p> </p> + +40,571.--ROTARY ENGINE.--Metropolitan Rotary Engine Co. (assignees +by mesne assignments of Adolph Mulochan), New York city. Dated Nov. +10, 1863. Application for reissue received and filed Sept. 27, +1867. + +<p>1st, The combination with the outer stationary case, d, and its +concentric inner cylinder or flanges, x, of the eccentric wheel, +ring or rim, c, fast to the rotating shaft and carrying radial +slides or pistons for simultaneous action and exposure to the steam +or fluid in chambers, y and z, on opposite sides or peripheries of +the ring, c, essentially as herein set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The pipes, i l n o, and valves or cocks k k' m' and m', in +combination--with the ring c and pistons acting in the steam +spaces, y and z, substantially as specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +2,821 (whole No. 33,825).--LAMP.--Charles W. Cahoon, Portland Me +Dated Dec. 3, 1861. Application for reissue received and filed Nov +23 1867. + +<p>1st, A lever with chimney fastenings having that part of it on +which the chimney rests extended so as to form a deflector +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The deflector board or flat shaped or nearly so when made +not only as a deflector but partly as a chimney holder +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the said deflector with the conical +foraminous piece of metal and the cylindrical tubular air screen +for the purpose of forming the air chamber, A, protecting the flame +and admitting the air from below the same, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>4th, The combination with the lever for raising the chimney of +the deflector air screen and foraminous piece of metal, +substantially as and for the purposes specified.</p> + +<p>5th, The ring surrounding the wiek tube a little above the top +of the same with the standards, s s, substantially as and for the +purposes specified.</p> + +<p>6th, A chimney holder having a projection for manipulating the +same, chimney fastenings, a deflector and a joint substantially as +and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>7th, The combination of the ring, f, supports, s s, and air +screen, c, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>8th, The combination of the glass body of a lamp with a metallic +handle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +61,956.--COOKING STOVE.--J.J. Savage Troy, N.Y. Dated Feb. 12, 1867 +Application for reissue received and filed Dec. 4, 1867. + +<p>1st, I claim constructing a heating stove with its fuel door way +or aperture, B, below, and forward of its flame or combustion +chamber and contiguous to or adjoining its fire box, A, in manner +substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, I claim the combination of the fuel door way or aperture, B, +and the firebox, A, extended contiguously thereunder as applied to +heating stoves, in manner substantially as and for the purposes set +forth.</p> + +<p>3d, I claim in combination with a heating stove having its fuel +door way in the position as herein described, the employment +therewith of a lifting lever, F, substantially in manner as and for +the purposes herein set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, I claim, in a heating stove, in combination with a fire +box, back lining plates and its fuel door way or aperture, B, the +arrangement of a front lining plate, E, in position between the +flame chamber, C, and the said fuel aperture in manner +substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>5th, In combination with a lever lifter, F, applied to heating +stoves in manner as herein described, I claim the employment of a +holding hook, b, and catch ridge, e, substantially as and for the +purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>6th, I claim so constructing a heating stove in manner +substantially as described herein that fresh fuel may be cast +directly into its fire box below and between ignited fuel or coke +therein, in manner substantially as herein set forth for the +purposes specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +16,944.--GUN POWDER KEG.--Henry E. Irenee L. and Eugene Du Pont +(assignees of James Wilson and William Wilson, J. and Charles Green +for themselves) Wilmington, Del. Dated March 31, 1857. Application +for reissue received and filed Nov. 30, 1867. + +<p>1st, As a new article of manufacture a keg or can with a series +of corrugations representing hoops which give combined strength and +finish.</p> + +<p>2d, Casting the female screw for the stopper on a tap or +mandrel, as set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The extra ring or boss, D, and head, C, as set forth.</p> + +<p> </p> + +62,693.--MACHINE FOR CUTTING THREADS ON BOLTS.--Schweitzer Patent +Bolt Co. (assignees of Franzis Schweizer), New York city. Dated +March 5, 1867. Application for reissue received and filed Nov. 30, +1867. + +<p>1st, The sliding or movable heads, N O, in combination with the +lever, P, and cutter or dies, a b, substantially as and for the +purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, The adjustable lever, P, provided with arms, d e, +substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The elastic rest, g, constructed and operating substantially +as and for the purpose shown and described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +53,169.--MARKING WHEEL.--Horace Holt, New York city. Dated Jan. 23, +1866. Application for reissue received and filed Nov. 30, 1867. + +<p>1st, The combination of the type wheel, A, inking roller, C, and +handle, B, substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>2d, The ink reservoir, e, in combination with the roller, C, +type wheel, A, and handle, B, substantially as and for the purpose +set forth.</p> + +<p>3d, The projecting flanges, b, on the type wheel, A, constructed +and operating substantially as and for the purpose described.</p> + +<p>4th, The stop, h, in combination with the type wheel, A, and +handle, B, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.</p> + +<p>5th, Ihe spring, g, in combination with the stop, h, type wheel, +A, and handle, B, substantially as and for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +18,872.--BORING MACHINE.--A. Wyckoff (assignee by mesne assignments +of La Fayette Stevens), Elmira, N.Y. Dated Dec. 15, 1857. +Application for reissue received and filed Nov. 29, 1867. + +<p>1st, Ihe hollow cylindrical stock of an annular auger in +combination with a spiral flange with such a pitch as will remove +the cuttings horizontally as made and deliver them from the opening +of the annular kerf, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The combination of a hollow annular bit having their cutting +lips projecting in the direction of the rotation of the bit, a +hollow cylindrical stock and a spiral flange substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>3d, An annular bit formed in one piece and used in combination +with a hollow cylindrical stock for cutting an annular kerf in a +stick of timber, substantially as set forth.</p> + +<p>4th, Ihe loose independent collar, f, provided with knife edges, +g g, to keep it from turning for the purpose of furnishing a +bearing for the head of the auger while in operation.</p> + +<p>5th, The sharp annular spur, c, for the purpose of centering and +guiding the auger and at the same time leaving a core of the +material bored in the center of the auger, in the manner +specified.</p> + +<p>6th, The oblique traversing rests, O O, in combination with the +screws, t t, and dogs, Q, for the purpose of adjusting the timber +to the auger as described and holding it firmly while under the +operation of the auger.</p> + +<p> </p> + +66,608.--DREDGING MACHINE.--James H. McLean, St Louis, Mo. Dated +July 9, 1867. Application for reissue received and filed Nov. 8, +1867. + +<p>1st, The adjustable dredging frame, C, when such adjustment is +produced by a derrick, i i, and fall, when constructed and operated +substantially as shown and specified,</p> + +<p>2d, The scoops, d, of a dredging machine having circular +vertical cutting edges in advance of the usual lateral cutting +edge, W, Fig. 1, when constructed and operating substantially as +shown and specified.</p> + +<p>3d, In combination with the dredging vessel the pins, L, for the +purpose of moving the same, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>4th, The dredger, the receiving and discharging apron and the +derrick of a dredging machine all in combination, when constructed +and operated substantially as shown and specified.</p> + +<p> </p> + +49,992.--SLEEPING CAR.--George M. Pullman, Chicago Ill., assignee +of Ben. Field, Albion, N.Y., and George M. Pullman, Chicago, Ill. +Dated Sept. 19 1865. Application for reissue received and filed +Nov. 26, 1867. + +<p>1st, The berth, A, permanently connected with the side of the +car by hinges, B, in combination with the recess to receive the +same when turned up, substantially as described.</p> + +<p>2d, The employment in combination with the berth, A, as +described of jointed suspenders to support the inner side of the +berth that will fold together to permit the berth to be turned up, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>3d, The employment in combination with the berth, A, as +described of the sliding partition, I, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>4th, The employment in combination with the berth, A, as +described, of the movable head board, J, substantially as +described.</p> + +<p>5th, The employment in combination with the berth, A, as +described of a counterpoise to facilitate the handling of the same +substantially as described.</p> + +<p>6th, Constructing a car seat with the back and seat cushions +hinged together and disconnected from the seat frame so that the +back cushion may be placed on the seat frame and the seat cushion +extended to meet the seat cushion of the opposite chair, +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +48,555.--DOOR BOLT.--The Stanley Works (assignees of William H. +Hart), New Britain, Conn. Dated July 4, 1865. Application for +reissue received and filed Oct 29 1867. + +<p>1st, Making the barrel of a door or shutter bolt of sheet metal, +substantially as shown and described.</p> + +<p>2d, The bolt catch or keeper with the base plate formed with a +flanch at right angles, substantially as described, that it may be +secured by screws parallel with the axis of the bolt, substantially +as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +29,430.--INDEX DOOR PLATE.--E.M. Montague, Boston, Mass., assignee +of Nathan Ames, Saugus Center, Mass. Dated July 31, 1860. +Application for reissue received and filed Oct. 15, 1866. + +<p>1st, In use in a door plate of a tablet or slate and an +adjustable plate or disk having figures or readable signs or +characters for the purposes specified and set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, In combination with the above door plate a rotating disk, C, +marked with the hours and parts of an hour, as shown in Fig. 2, +said disk being confined in the center to a spindle, D, which +passes through the door, substantially as and for the purpose +described.</p> + +<p>3d, The spring, S, arranged, combined and operating +substantially as described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +65,018.--STEAM GENERATOR GAGE LOCK.--Thomas Shaw, Philadelphia, Pa. +Dated May 21, 1867. Application for reissue received and filed Oct. +ll, 1867. + +<p>The construction and arrangement of whistle with gage valve +whereby to indicate the sound produced by steam or steam and water +commingled or water unmingled with steam, substantially as set +foath.</p> + +<p> </p> + +49,847.--STEAM GENERATOR.--John R. Eckman, Green Post office Pa., +assignee of John D. Beers, Philadelphia, Pa. Dated Sept. 12, 1865. +Application for reissue received and filed Sept. 30, 1867. + +<p>1st. Broadly the circular plate or ring, b, as shown and +described.</p> + +<p>2d, The plate, H, encircling the fire box, substantially as +shown and described.</p> + +<p>3d, Forming a water space between the inner surface of the +boiler shell, A, and the plate or ring, b, as shown and +described.</p> + +<p> </p> + +9,286.--MACHIHFRY FOR CUTTING LATHS PROM A REVOLVING LOG.--Jonathan +C. Brown, Brooklyn, N.Y., assignee of Henry C. Smith, Cleveland, +Ohio. Dated Sept. 28, 1852. Application for reissue received and +filed Dec, 5, 1867. + +<p>1st, Turning the log to be cut by driving the mandrels at each +end thereof by gearing them directly with the driving shaft, +substantially as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<p>2d, The dog, a, and its appurtenances for connecting the log +with the mandrels and disconnecting it therefrom, as specified.</p> + +<p>3d, The combination of the cylinder cutter, K, and the stripping +knife moved up simultaneously and automatically, all substantially +as and for the purposes set forth.</p> + +<hr> +<p>NOTE--<i>The above claims for Reissue are now pending before the +Patent Office and will not be officially passed upon until the +expiration of 30 days from the date of filing the application. All +persons who desire to oppose the grant of any of these claims +should make immediate application.</i></p> + +<p><i>MUNN & CO., Solicitors of Patents, 37 Park Row, +N.Y.</i></p> + +<hr> +<h2>SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN</h2> + +<h3>MUNN & COMPANY, Editors and Proprietors.</h3> + +<p>PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT NO. 37 PARK ROW (PARK BUILDING), NEW +YORK.</p> + +<p>O.D. MUNN. S.H. WALES. A.E. BEACH.</p> + +<hr> +<p>"The American News Company," Agents, 121 Nassau street, New +York</p> + +<p>"The New York News Company," 8 Spruce street</p> + +<p>Messrs. Sampson Low, Son & Co, Booksellers, 47 Ludgate Hill, +London, England, are the Agents to receive European subscriptions +or advertisements for the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN. Orders sent to them +will be promptly attended to.</p> + +<hr> +<p>VOL. XVII., No. 26....[NEW SERIES.]....<i>Twenty-first +Year</i>.</p> + +<p>NEW YORK, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1867.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="8"></a></p> + +<h2>THE LAST NUMBER OF VOLUME XVII.</h2> + +<p>We give in this number a full index of the volume of which this +is the last issue. No doubt this will be more satisfactory to our +readers--those at least who preserve their numbers for binding, and +probably most do--than publishing the index in a separate sheet. +The list of claims in this number will be found to be unusually +full, a gratifying evidence that dullness of business does not +cripple the resources nor abate the industry of our inventors. With +a parting word of good will to our present subscribers and a +welcome to those who begin with our new volume, we wish for all a +HAPPY NEW YEAR.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="9"></a></p> + +<h2>COMMENCEMENT OF A NEW VOLUME.</h2> + +<p>With the next number the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN enters upon its +twenty-third year. Probably no publication extent will furnish a +more complete and exhaustive exhibit of the progress of science and +the arts in this country for the past twenty-two years than a +complete file of the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN. It is a curious and +interesting pastime to compare the condition of the mechanic arts +as presented in some of our first volumes with that shown in our +more recent ones. During all this time, nearly a quarter of a +century, our journal has endeavored to represent the actual +condition of our scientific and mechanical progress and to record +the discoveries and improvements in these departments wherever +made. The result is a compendium of valuable information +unattainable through any other means.</p> + +<p>But the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN has aimed not only to gratify a +laudable curiosity by collecting and presenting such information, +but to give practical knowledge which could be applied to valuable +uses.</p> + +<p>We labor for the producers--the mechanics, farmers, +laborers--those who build up a country and make the wilderness to +blossom like the rose. We believe that the workers are the power, +especially in this country; and while we do not wish to detract +from the value of the products of merely intellectual speculators, +we still think that the world needs specially the laborer. We use +the term "laborer" in this connection in its widest sense, +comprehending he who uses brain as well as he who employs muscle; +scientific investigation and discovery should be followed by and +united to practical application.</p> + +<p>The improvement exhibited in our past volumes will be no less +noticeable hereafter. Keeping pace with the "march of mind" we +shall endeavor always to lead rather than to follow. The different +departments of our paper are managed by those who are practically +acquainted with the subjects they profess to elucidate. "To err is +human," but we shall spare no pains nor expense to make the +SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN as reliable in its statements as it is +interesting in the variety and matter of its subjects. There are +none of our people, from the student or professional man to the day +laborer, but will find something in every number, of present or +future value to him in his business.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="10"></a></p> + +<h2>A CHANGE AT THE PATENT OFFICE.</h2> + +<p>T.C. Theaker has resigned as Commissioner of Patents. A number +of gentlemen are mentioned as candidates for the succession, +prominent among whom are B. T. James and Charles Mason. Mr. James +has acted in the capacity of primary Examiner in the Engineering +Class for a number of years, and has filled his position +acceptably. Judge Mason held the Commissionership from 1853 to +1857, and his whole administration was marked with reform and +ability. Judge Mason was educated at West Point, and he is a man of +sterling integrity, a sound jurist, experienced in patent law, and +a splendid executive officer. One thing may be relied upon, if +Judge Mason should receive and accept the appointment of +Commissioner, inventors will not have to complain long of delay in +the examination of their cases The Judge is as industrious by +nature as he is stern and systematic by education and he will have +no drones about him. The work of the office under his +administration would be brought up and kept up.</p> + +<p>A good day for inventors and all persons having business with +the Patent Office will dawn when Judge Mason takes the +Commissioner's chair again, and we hope the proper influences may +be brought to bear to secure his acceptance.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="11"></a></p> + +<h2>OBITUARY.</h2> + +<p>Ebenezer Winship, died at his home in this city Dec. 6, 1867, at +the age of 67. A long and eminently useful although unobtrusive +life entitles his memory to respect. He commenced his career as a +mechanic in the steam engine establishment of James P. Allaire, +soon after the application of steam for the propulsion of boats and +long before its application to ships for the purposes of commerce +or war. For fifty-two years, with the exception of one or two brief +intervals, he was connected with the Allaire works in this city, +and for more than forty years he was the master mechanic and +general superintendent of the works. Probably no man now living has +had a more intimate connection with the construction of the marine +steam engine in all its remarkable changes and improvements, or +been so long employed at one engine establishment.</p> + +<p>James P. Allaire, the founder of the Allaire Works, died May +20,1858, at the age of 73. He was an intimate acquaintance of +Fulton and from the engine of Fulton's first boat, the +<i>Clermont</i>, took drawings which he used in the construction of +his first marine engines. He built the engines for the +<i>Chancellor Livingston</i> which ran between New York and Albany. +He built also the first marine engines ever constructed in this +country, which were put into the steamship <i>Savannah</i>, the +first steamer that crossed the Atlantic, and also those for the +<i>Pacific</i> and <i>Baltic</i> of the Collins line, which ships +surpassed in speed any before constructed.</p> + +<p>Under such tutelage and with such advantages Mr. Winship rose +successively through the grades of apprentice, journeyman, boss, +and foreman, to the position of master mechanic and superintendent. +Connected intimately with the progress of marine engineering for +over half a century, he was the teacher of a large number of our +engineers who now reflect credit upon their instructor. Mr. +Winship's professional skill was unsurpassed; his ability in +directing and managing others and thorough acquaintance with the +minutest details made him invaluable in the position he so long +honorably filled. His personal characteristics were faithfulness, +industry, earnestness, kindness of heart, and unvarying punctuality +and promptness. As master mechanic it was his invariable rule to be +at the works an hour before the time for beginning labor to lay out +the work for the hands, getting his breakfast in winter by gas +light and returning from dinner in time to see the condition of the +work before the men arrived. In short, he made his employers' +business his own and neglected nothing which might contribute to +their success. He was a connecting link between the present +generation of mechanics and that which saw the beginnings of that +great power, steam, which has revolutionized the world. His funeral +on the 8th of December was attended by all the employés of +the Allaire Works, by many from other mechanical establishments, +and a large number of citizens.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="12"></a></p> + +<h2>How to Make Intelligent Workmen--Go and Do Likewise.</h2> + +<p>Mr. H. O. Osborn, of Castleton, Vt., in a letter covering an +order for a club of subscribers, says:--"It may not be +uninteresting to you to learn that the last six names are those of +young men in my employ. I have myself been your subscriber for the +past four years, and knowing as I did the value of your paper, I +felt it a duty I owed to my men to recommend the paper to their +notice, and the result is as above. I am proud to think that I have +so many in my mill who can appreciate its worth. I hope at no +remote date to send you another list of names from among my own +men, and I am certain that if every manufacturer would consult his +own best interest he would do all he could to place your paper in +the hands of his workmen, for I feel it to be a valuable +acquisition to all in any way connected with machines."</p> + +<p>We believe that employers who wish to improve the condition of +their employés can render them no better service than to +make each of them a Christmas present of a year's subscription to +this paper. Send in the names early, so that we may know how large +an edition to print to supply the demand. We close this Volume with +over 30,000--nearly 35,000--subscribers, and we wish to commence +the new with at least 50,000. Send in your names.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="15"></a></p> + +<h2>The Iron-Clads at Sea.</h2> + +<p>In his last annual report to Congress, the Secretary of the Navy +thus refers to the cruise of the <i>Miantonomah</i> to Europe and +her return and of the <i>Monadnock</i> to San Francisco, voyages +the most remarkable ever undertaken by turreted iron-clad vessels. +These vessels encountered every variety of weather, and under all +circumstances proved themselves to be staunch, reliable sea-going +ships. The monitor type of vessel has been constructed primarily +for harbor defence, and it was not contemplated that they would do +more than move from port to port on our own coast. These voyages +demonstrate their ability to go to any part of the world, and it is +believed by experienced naval officers that with slight +modifications above the water line, in no way interfering with +their efficiency in action, they will safely make the longest and +most difficult voyages without convoy.</p> + +<p>Steam, turreted iron-clads and fifteen-inch guns have +revolutionized naval warfare, and foreign governments, becoming +sensible of this great change, are slowly but surely coming to the +conclusion that turreted vessels and heavy ordnance are essential +parts of an efficient fighting navy.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="13"></a></p> + +<h2>THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN AS A MEDIUM OF BUSINESS.</h2> + +<p>We seldom publish the favorable opinions expressed by our +correspondents when in their letters they allude to this journal. +If we chose we could fill columns with notices similar to those +which follow.</p> + +<p>R. S. Miller of Logansport, Ind., under date of Dec. 2d, +says:--</p> + +<p>I have a club of 10 or 12 engaged, and will send names and money +about the 20th inst. I have been reading the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN +for several years and frequently I find items in it of more value +than the year's subscription. In No. 9, present volume, you +illustrated a plan for setting steam boilers. I was much pleased +with it and showed it to a friend of mine who was about re-setting +a 60-horse power boiler in his machine shop. He adopted the plan. +Four week's use of the improved furnace proves all you claimed for +it. My friend will be one of your new subscribers. I shall, in a +few days, re-set my 15-horse power boiler according to the plan. +Every live mechanic should take your valuable journal.</p> + +<p>The Lamb Knitting Machine Manufacturing Co, Chicopee Falls, +Mass., say:--</p> + +<p>In payment of your bill please find inclosed draft, etc. Please +insert our advertisement every other week hereafter. We are +compelled to this being overrun with orders. Unless they hold up we +shall be obliged to withdraw it entirely. So much for the +advantages of your medium for advertising.</p> + +<p>C.W. Le Count, Manufacturer of lathe dogs and steam engine +governors, South Norwalk, Conn., writes concerning his +advertisement in these columns:</p> + +<p>What business I have I can trace three-quarters of it directly +to your journal.</p> + +<p>An agent of the Hinkley Knitting Machine Co., whose invention +was illustrated in these columns some weeks ago, writes:</p> + +<p>It is now but ten days since its publication, yet without a +single advertisement in any paper I have been obliged to engage +extra assistance to simply inclose my circulars to parties, who are +writing and even <i>telegraphing</i> for agencies and machines, +while many have traveled long distances to personally engage +agencies. The Superintendent of the Company makes similar +<i>complaints</i>.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="14"></a></p> + +<h2>HUNT'S IMPROVED STEAM PACKING PISTON.</h2> + +<p>Engineers are aware that there are more or less objections to +the use of the ordinary spring pistons, owing to the changing +tension of the springs, the necessity of frequent adjustment, and +the impossibility of the packing rings adapting themselves to the +varying pressures of the steam on the piston. A number of attempts +have been made to produce a self packing or steam expanding piston, +which will act always with the pressure of the steam and the +velocity of the engine. The advantages of such a piston will be +readily appreciated by practical engineers, especially drivers of +locomotives, working, as they nearly all do, at a very high +pressure of steam. The general complaint against the several +packings in use on our railroads is, that they "pack too tight," +and rapidly wear out the rings, while the only remedy has been, the +extremely uncertain one of contracting the openings by which steam +is admitted under the ring, or rings, to expand them. The obvious +objection to such an arrangement is, that it allows the steam to +act on the rings with its full force during slow motion, as when a +train is starting, while if effective under any circumstances, it +will be so only at comparatively high piston speed. The efficacy of +such a remedy, if it possesses any, is in fact inversely as the +piston speed.</p> + +<p class="ctr"><img src="images/19a.png" alt="Fig.1"></p> + +<p class="ctr">Fig.1</p> + +<p>Fig. 1 is a perspective of the piston itself, or the "spider," +with its follower and its rings removed, which are shown in Fig. 2. +Fig. 3 is a cross section of another form of the piston, to be +presently described, but which will serve to explain that shown in +Figs. 1 and 2. Next to the core of the spider are two narrow +internal rings, A, in Figs. 1 and 3; surrounding these two outer +rings, B, the cross section of which is of L-form, as seen in Fig. +3. The lips of these outer rings extend to the whole thickness of +the piston. The flange head of the piston, and also the follower, +are turned beveling on their edges to admit the steam around the +annular space thus formed under the rings, B. These spaces are +plainly exhibited at C, in Figs. 2 and 3. Both inner and outer +rings are adjusted to the bore of the cylinder by means of the +gibs, D, and set screws seen in Fig. 1.</p> + +<p class="ctr"><img src="images/19b.png" alt="Fig.2"></p> + +<p class="ctr">Fig.2</p> + +<p>The section, Fig. 3, represents a modification intended for use +in vertical cylinders, if considered necessary. The additional +center ring, E, is intended to prevent leakage through the cut in +the expanded ring and over the face of the unexpanded one, which +might occur when the rings and cylinder should become so worn that +the rings, when not expanded, should collapse and leave the surface +of the cylinder. The rivets, F, shown by the dotted lines, are +placed near the cuts in the L-rings, and are intended to hold the +outside and inside rings together at that point, and prevent any +tendency on the part of the latter to collapse and let steam under +that part of the L-rings. Probably, however, if the packing is +properly constructed and adjusted in the first instance, these +devices will be unnecessary. In horizontal cylinders the weight of +the piston, if properly supported on the set screws and gibs, will +accomplish these objects, if the cuts in the L-rings are placed +near the bottom side of the cylinder. The steam enters the annular +space between the beveled edges of the spider flange and follower +and the inner periphery of the overhanging part of the L-rings, and +acts only on that part.</p> + +<p class="ctr"><img src="images/19c.png" alt="Fig.3"></p> + +<p class="ctr">Fig.3</p> + +<p>Patented by Nathan Hunt, Sept. 17, 1867. For further information +address the patentee, or Sharps, Davis & Bonsall, Salem, Ohio, +who will furnish piston heads to order on receipt of size of +cylinder and piston rod.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="16"></a></p> + +<h2>Improvement in Hand Drills.</h2> + +<p>There are frequent occasions in a machine shop where light +drilling is required on work it is inconvenient to bring to the +lathe. For this the Scotch or ratchet drill, if the job is heavy, +is employed, and if light, the breast drill. The placing and +working of the former consumes considerable time, and the labor of +drilling with the breast drill is excessive and exhausting. It is +difficult also to hold the instrument so steady as not to cramp and +break the drill. The combination of the drill with tongs and a +pivoted bed piece, as seen in the engraving, obviates these +objections.</p> + +<p class="ctr"><img src="images/20a.png" alt= +"NEVERGOLD & STACKHOUSE'S TONGS DRILL."></p> + +<p class="ctr">NEVERGOLD & STACKHOUSE'S TONGS DRILL.</p> + +<p>To the lower jaw, A, of a pair of tongs is pivoted a platen or +bed, B, having a hole through its center, which is continued +through the jaw for the passage of the drillings. The upper jaw is +formed with a circular flange on which is mounted the circular or +disk-like base, C, of the drill frame, D. This, with the frame, is +secured on the jaw of the tongs by means of two screw bolts--one +seen in the engraving--passing through the jaw and screwing into +the base of the drill. These bolts pass through semi-circular or +segmental slots, by which the drill frame can be swung around at +different angles to the tongs, to adapt itself to the convenience +of the workman and the requirements of the work. If desired, the +crank by which the drill is driven may be used on the upright +spindle, E. It will be seen that the pivoted base or bed, B, will +allow the work to adapt itself always to the line of the drill.</p> + +<p>In operation, the work being placed between the drill and +platen, the left hand presses the handles of the tongs together, +while the right turns the crank; the feed is thus graduated wholly +by the pressure of the hand. No further description is required for +understanding the construction or operation of this tool. Patented +by F. Nevergold and George Stackhouse, June 19, 1866. Applications +for the whole right, or for territorial rights, should be addressed +to the latter at Pittsburgh, Pa.</p> + +<hr> +<p>COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE.--The Senate on Friday, the 29th +ult., confirmed the nomination of the Hon. Horace Capron as +Commissioner of Agriculture to fill the position made vacant by the +death of Isaac Newton, the former head of the Department.</p> + +<hr> +<p>It is estimated that 10,000,000 feet of sawed lumber is frozen +up in the docks at Bangor, Maine, three fourths of which is sold +and waiting shipment.</p> + +<hr> +<h2>Correspondence</h2> + +<p><i>The Editors are not responsible for the opinions expressed by +their correspondents.</i></p> + +<p><a name="17"></a></p> + +<h2>Improved Method of Securing Cutters on Boring Bars.</h2> + +<p>MESSRS. EDITORS:--Thinking it may be of use to some of the +readers of your invaluable paper, I have taken the liberty of +sending you a sketch of a new mode of securing the cutter in a +boring bar or pin drill. Where the cutters are secured, as usual, +by a key, all mechanics know that it is very difficult to set a +cutter twice alike; and the notch, which is filed in the cutter, to +prevent it from moving endways, is a great source of weakness, +often causing the cutters to crack in hardening, as well as after +they are put to work. The inclosed sketch will explain itself:</p> + +<p class="ctr"><img src="images/21a.png" alt=""></p> + +<p>A is a cutter, and B a collar, screwed upon the cutter bar, C. +The edge of this collar fits into a notch on either end of the +cutter, as shown at D, thus leaving the cutter as strong as +possible at the center, and giving it a solid support at the point +where support is needed, and at the same time insuring its always +coming alike.</p> + +<p>Brooklyn, N.Y.</p> + +<p>THEODORE L. WEBSTER.</p> + +<p>[The device seems to be eminently well calculated for the +support of the cutter on a boring bar, and is applicable, with but +slight modification, to a pin or "teat" drill. Machinists will +readily perceive its operation and excellencies.--EDS.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="18"></a></p> + +<h2>Tides and Their Causes.</h2> + +<p>The phenomenon of the daily tides of our seacoasts and tidal +rivers is attributed to the attraction of the moon upon the +earth--that the moon draws the earth towards it, and that in +drawing the earth towards it, it bulges up the water of the ocean +on the side presented towards the moon, and drawing the earth and +water thus on that side, also draws the earth <i>away</i> from the +water on the opposite side of it, and thus leaves the water bulged +up on <i>that</i> side, and in doing all this the effect comes +after the cause some three hours, which is termed "the tide lagging +behind." Now if we knew, <i>per se</i>, what attraction of +gravitation was, and that it produced this anomaly of force, there +would be nothing to question in the matter. But as we only know by +attraction that it means <i>drawing to</i>, it is impossible to +reconcile the theory of the tides as they run to the attraction of +the moon. If the moon is so potent in drawing up, why does it not +draw a bulge on the inland seas--our great lakes? I will not +discuss the question of the moon's Apogee and Perigee--its +different velocities in different parts[1] of its orbit, as laid +down by the law of Kepler, or whether it turns once on its axis in +a month, or not, as either theory will answer for its phases, as +well as for the face of the "Man in the Moon," but I will endeavor +to give a more rational theory for the phenomenon of the daily +tides.</p> + +<p>[Transcribers note 1: typo fixed, changed from 'pasts' to +'parts']</p> + +<p>The earth revolves on its axis and makes a revolution every +twenty-four hours, and this moves its equatorial surface nearly a +thousand miles per hour. Now the water on its surface, covering +about three-fourths of it, and being more mobile than the solid +earth, is, by centrifugal force, made to roll around the earth, the +same as the water is made to move around the grindstone when in +motion, a thing familiar to every body that uses that instrument. +In the Southern Ocean this motion of the water is so well known to +mariners who double Cape Horn in sailing from San Francisco to New +York, that they now run considerably lower down in order to ride +this tide eastward, than they did in former times. Here then we +have one fact of water tide more comprehensive, at least, than the +tractive theory of the moon. We have also the fact of two great +promontories in Capes Horn and Good Hope, where this great tidal +wave must strike against, and they produce constant oscillations of +the water to and fro, and produce gurgitation and regurgitation in +all the gulfs and rivers that line the coasts of the Northern, or +more properly, the Land Hemisphere. These gurgitations swell the +water highest in the places where the seas become the narrowest, as +the more northern latitudes. In addition to these daily +oscillations of the water, there are constant eddy currents, +denominated "Gulf Streams," all agreeing in their courses and +motion to this theory of the ocean tides.</p> + +<p>When our present received tide theory of moon attraction was +first laid down, the fact of the water of the great Southern ocean +rolling round faster than the solid parts of our planets was not +known. Smith in his Physical Geography, says, "The tidal wave flows +from east to west, owing to the earth's daily rotation in a +contrary direction." Here he is unintentionally correct, because +the water striking these promontories of the two great capes, is +hurled back, and not, as he assumes, that the great ocean wave is +moving from east to west. The United States government sailing +charts lay down the fact of this great ocean wave moving from west +to east, south of the capes, and the ships coming from the Pacific +to the Atlantic ocean take advantage of this and ride the sea at +the rate of over twenty knots per hour, by following the routes +laid down in Maury's charts.</p> + +<p>The old philosophy of the crystalline spheres was not more at +variance with the correct motion of the stars and planets, than the +moon theory of the tides. In their dilemma to account for the +retrograde motions of the planets, they denominated them wanderers, +stragglers, because they would not march with the "music of the +spheres." In the moon theory of the tides the lunar satellite is +made to pull and push at one and the same time, which is entirely +at variance with the philosophy of force.</p> + +<p>There is nothing in the heavens, nor in the earth, that proves +to us positively that the sun holds the planets, and the planets +their satellites, by attraction, as we are taught that the moon +attracts the water of our world. We see that all terrestrial bodies +tend toward the center of the earth, and we call this gravitation; +but we cannot see how a body moves around the earth without falling +on it, by this law. We say in dynamic philosophy, that bodies move +in the direction of least resistance, and <i>that</i> we can +positively understand; but what force <i>per se</i> is, we do not +know. It is always better for us to explain phenomena by positive +known laws and motions, than by any that rest merely upon +conjecture.</p> + +<p>Lancaster, Pa. JNO. WISE.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="19"></a></p> + +<h2>The Great Hoosac Tunnel.</h2> + +<p>Messrs. Editors:--In No. 23, Vol. XVII., of your paper, is an +article upon the Hoosac Tunnel, but made up from data nearly a year +old, and consequently not correctly representing the tunnel as it +is at the present time. Your conclusions of course were based upon +the same data; but during the past year, and especially during the +past five months, much greater progress has been made than ever +before upon the work, and a knowledge of what has been done since +the last report was issued will, I think, give you a different +impression of the time required for its final completion.</p> + +<p>Referring to the profile in that number of the SCIENTIFIC +AMERICAN, the following are the distances to the various points +where the work is being prosecuted:</p> + +<pre> + Distance from east end to central shaft 12,837.294 feet + " " central shaft to west shaft 9,747.072 " + " " west shaft to new shaft 265.000 " + " " new shaft to well No. 4 659.150 " + " " well No. 4 to pier[1] 1,522.825 " + ---------- + " " east end to pier[1] 25,031.341 " +</pre> + +<p>[Footnote 1: The instrument pier is 4 feet west of the present +west end of the tunnel.]</p> + +<p>The following are the lengths of the headings at the various +points of the work, Dec. 2, 1867:</p> + +<pre> + Length of east end heading 4,608.000 feet + " " west shaft, east heading 1,262.000 " + " " " " west heading 611.000 " + " " west end heading 617.000 " + ---------- + Total length of headings 7,098.000 " + Leaving 17,933.341 " +</pre> + +<p>or 3,396 miles of heading yet to be made, of which 1,218.975 +feet are between the west end and the west shaft, and 16,714.366 +feet between the west shaft and east end of the tunnel.</p> + +<p>The central shaft is down 583 feet, and well No. 4 is down 150 +feet.</p> + +<p>The progress for the month of November, 1867, was as +follows:</p> + +<pre> + East end heading 126.00 feet + West shaft, east heading 33.00 " + " " west heading 5.00 " + West end 20.00 " + -------- + Total for the month of November 184.00 " +</pre> + +<p>Thirty feet of brick arch were completed during the month at the +west end, making a total of 516 feet of brick arch completed to +date.</p> + +<p>The progress for the last six months has been as follows:</p> + +<pre> + East end 711.00 feet + West shaft, east heading 216.00 " + " " west " 288.00 " + West end 180.00 " + --------- + Total, from June 1, to Dec. 2 1,395.00 " + " for the previous six months 632.00 " + --------- + " " year ending Dec. 2, 1867 2,027.00 " +</pre> + +<p>The new shaft has been sunk, and at its foot are the pumps +which, together with those at the west shaft, are now throwing out +between 900 and 1,000 gallons of water per minute.</p> + +<p>During the last month great quantities of water were struck at +both headings of the west shaft (70 gallons per minute at the east +heading in one day), and the work was stopped in consequence, which +accounts for the small progress at this point. A new pump of 1,000 +gallons per minute capacity will be at work, in addition to the +above, in a few days, and the work can then go forward with +increased rapidity.</p> + +<p>Well No. 4 is an artesian well, which is now being carried down +as a shaft to afford two more faces to work from. Its depth will +be, when finished, 215 feet, its dimensions 8 by 8 feet.</p> + +<p>At the rate of progress for the past year it will require but +eight years and ten months to pierce through the mountain and at +the rate for the past six months it will require but six years and +five months. But when the central shaft and well No. 4 are sunk to +grade the number of faces to work from will be doubled, and the +time of completion thereby greatly diminished. At present drilling +machines are employed only at the east end, but in a few weeks they +will be used at the west shaft, and also at the central shaft as +soon as the buildings and machinery are again in place, and this +again will hasten the completion of the work. At the west shaft +buildings are already erected for the manufacture of +nitro-glycerin, and the use of this powerful explosive will be +adopted during the present month. In fine, every means that will +hasten the work will be employed, and ere the present generation +passes away, and even within from four to seven years, trains +loaded with freights and passengers will pass and repass through +the great heart of the Hoosac Mountain as an hourly occurrence.</p> + +<p>A. BEARDSLEY, C. E., Asst. Engineer.</p> + +<p>North Adams, Mass.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="20"></a></p> + +<h2>Horse-hair Snakes--Wonderful Transformation.</h2> + +<p>Messrs. Editors:--In No. 21, current volume, you referred H. K., +of Wis., who had described the horse-hair snake, to page 280, No. +18 current volume, for a reply, which you considered "sufficient." +With your kind permission I would like to speak a few words about +the "snakes" in question. When I resided in Pennsylvania, I, in +company with many other lads, used to tie a bundle of horse hairs +into a hard knot and then immerse them in the brook, when the water +began to get warm, and in due time we would have just as many +animals, with the power of locomotion and appearance of snakes, as +there were hairs in the bundle. I have raised them one-eighth of an +inch in diameter, with perceptible eyes and mouth on the butt end +or root part of the hair. Take such a snake and dip it in an +alkaline solution, and the flesh or mucus that formed about the +hair will dissolve, and the veritable horse hair is left. They will +not generate in limestone water, only in freestone or salt +water.</p> + +<p>Covington, Ky.</p> + +<p>T.W.B.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="21"></a></p> + +<h2>Man Proposes, but God Disposes.</h2> + +<p>It may not be generally known that but for one of those +accidents which seem to be almost a direct interposition of +Providence, Prof. Morse, the originator of the magnetic telegraph, +might have been now an artist instead of the inventor of the +telegraph, and that agent of civilization be either unknown or just +discovered. We publish from Tuckerman's "Book of the Artists" just +from the press of G. P. Putnam & Son, the following +reminiscence of Prof. Morse:</p> + +<p>"A striking evidence of the waywardness of destiny is afforded +by the experience of this artist, if we pass at once from this +early and hopeful moment to a more recent incident. He then aimed +at renown through devotion to the beautiful; but it would seem as +if the genius of his country, in spite of himself, led him to this +object, by the less flowery path of utility. He desired to identify +his name with art, but it has become far more widely associated +with science. A series of bitter disappointments obliged him to +"coin his mind for bread", for a long period, of exclusive +attention to portrait painting, although, at rare intervals, he +accomplished something more satisfactory. More than thirty years +since, on a voyage from Europe, in a conversation with his fellow +passengers, the theme of discourse happened to be the +electromagnet; and one gentleman present related some experiments +he had lately witnessed at Paris, which proved the almost +incalculable rapidity of movement with which electricity was +disseminated. The idea suggested itself to the active mind of the +artist, that this wonderful and but partially explored agent might +be rendered subservient to that system of intercommunication which +had become so important a principle of modern civilization. He +brooded over the subject as he walked the deck, or lay wakeful in +his berth, and by the time he arrived at New York, had so far +matured his invention as to have decided upon a telegraph of signs, +which is essentially that now in use. After having sufficiently +demonstrated his discovery to the scientific, a long period of +toil, anxiety, and suspense intervened before he obtained the +requisite facilities for the establishment of the magnetic +telegraph. It is now in daily operation in the United States, and +its superiority over all similar inventions abroad was confirmed by +the testimony of Arago and the appropriation made for its erection +by the French Government.</p> + +<p>"By one of those coincidences which would be thought appropriate +for romance, but which are more common, in fact, than the +unobservant are disposed to confess, these two most brilliant +events in the painter's life--his first successful work of art and +the triumph of his scientific discovery--were brought together, as +it were, in a manner singularly fitted to impress the imagination. +Six copies of his "Dying Hercules" had been made in London, and the +mold was then destroyed. Four of these were distributed by the +artist to academies, one he retained, and the last was given to Mr. +Bulfinch, the architect of the Capitol--who was engaged at the time +upon that building. After the lapse of many years, an accident +ruined Morse's own copy, and a similar fate had overtaken the +others, at least in America. After vain endeavors to regain one of +these trophies of his youthful career, he at length despaired of +seeing again what could not fail to be endeared to his memory by +the most interesting associations. One day he was superintending +the preparations for the first establishment of his telegraph in +the room assigned at the Capitol. His perseverence and self-denying +labor had at length met its just reward, and he was taking the +first active step to obtain a substantial benefit from his +invention. It became necessary in locating the wires, to descend +into a vault beneath the apartment, which had not been opened for a +long period. A man preceded the artist with a lamp. As they passed +along the subterranean chamber the latter's attention was excited +by something white glimmering through the darkness. In approaching +the object, what was his surprise to find himself gazing upon his +long-lost Hercules, which he had not seen for twenty years. A +little reflection explained the apparent miracle. This was +undoubtedly the copy given to his deceased friend, the architect, +and temporarily deposited in the vault for safety, and undiscovered +after his death.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="22"></a></p> + +<h2>Extraordinary Effects of an Earthquake--An American Man-of-War +Carried Over the Tops of Warehouses and Stranded.</h2> + +<p>[OFFICIAL REPORT.]</p> + +<p>UNITED STATES STEAMSHIP "MONONGAHELA," ST. CROIX, Nov. 21, +1867.</p> + +<p>Sir:--I have to state, with deep regret, that the United States +steamship <i>Monongahela</i>, under my command, is now lying on the +beach in front of the town of Frederickstadt, St. Croix, where she +was thrown by the most fearful earthquake ever known here. The +shock occurred at 3 o'clock, P. M., of the 18th inst. Up to that +moment the weather was serene, and no indication of a change showed +by the barometer, which stood at 30 degrees 15 minutes. The first +indication we had of the earthquake was a violent trembling of the +ship, resembling the blowing off of steam. This lasted some 30 +seconds, and immediately afterward the water was observed to be +receding rapidly from the beach. In a moment the current was +changed, and bore the ship toward the beach, carrying out the +entire cable and drawing the bolts from the kelson, without the +slightest effect in checking her terrific speed toward the beach. +Another anchor was ordered to be let go, but in a few seconds she +was in too shoal water for this to avail. When within a few yards +of the beach, the reflux of the water checked her speed for a +moment, and a light breeze from the land gave me a momentary hope +that the jib and foretopmost staysail might pay her head off shore, +so that in the reflux of the wave she might reach waters +sufficiently deep to float her, and then be brought up by the other +anchor. These sails were immediately set, and she payed off so as +to bring her broadside to the beach. When the sea returned, in the +form of a wall of water 25 or 30 feet high, it carried us over the +warehouses into the first street of the town. This wave in receding +took her back toward the beach, and left her nearly perpendicular +on the edge of a coral reef, where she has now keeled over to an +angle of 15 degrees.</p> + +<p>All this was the work of a few moments only, and soon after the +waters of the bay subsided into their naturally tranquil state, +leaving us high and dry upon the beach. During her progress toward +the beach she struck heavily two or three times; the first lurch +carried the rifle gun on the forecastle overboard. Had the ship +been carried 10 or 15 feet further out, she must inevitably have +been forced over on her beam ends, resulting, I fear, in her total +destruction, and in the loss of many lives. Providentially only +four men were lost; these were in the boats at the time the shock +commenced. The boats that were down were all swamped except my gig, +which was crushed under the keel, killing my coxswain, a most +valuable man. During this terrific scene the officers and men +behaved with coolness and subordination. It affords me great +pleasure to state, that, after a careful examination of the +position and condition of the ship, I am enabled to report that she +has sustained no irreparable damage to her hull. The sternpost is +bent, and some 20 feet of her keel partially gone; propeller and +shaft uninjured. The lower pintle of the rudder is gone, but no +other damage is sustained by it. No damage is done to her hull more +serious than the loss of several sheets of copper, torn from her +starboard bilge and from her keel.</p> + +<p>She now lies on the edge of a coral reef, which forms a solid +foundation, on which ways may be laid. She can thus be launched in +10 feet of water at 100 feet from the beach. Gentlemen looking at +the ship from shore declare that the bottom of the bay was visible +where there was before, and is now, 40 fathoms of water.</p> + +<p>To extricate the ship from her position I respectfully suggest +that Mr. I. Hanscom be sent down with suitable material for ways, +ready for laying down, and india-rubber camels to buoy her up. I +think there is no insuperable obstacle to her being put afloat, +providing a gang of ten or twelve good ship carpenters be sent down +with the Naval Constructor, as her boilers and engines appear to +have sustained no injury. A valuable ship may thus be saved to the +navy, with all her stores and equipments.</p> + +<p>S. B. BISSELL, Commodore Commanding. Rear-Admiral J. S. Palmer, +commanding H. A. Squadron, St. Thomas.</p> + +<hr> +<p>The survey of another trans-continental railway route, which +shall follow mainly the 35th parallel of latitude, is nearly +completed. Its projectors claim this as the most feasible one +across the continent, and even if the northern and southern roads +are constructed, this would still be the favorite popular +thoroughfare, and the easiest and cheapest built.</p> + +<hr> +<p>The Chilian gun now being built at Pittsburgh, is 22¼ +feet in length, being two feet longer than the famous Rodman gun at +Fort Hamilton, this harbor, but of exactly the same bore, twenty +inches. Its greatest diameter is 5 feet 4 inches, its least +diameter, 2 feet 9 inches. The gun is designed for garrison or +naval service.</p> + +<hr> +<p>From lack of economy, in reduction of ores, it is estimated that +the aggregate loss on the production of bullion in this country for +the present year will reach the sum of $25,000,000.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="23"></a></p> + +<h2>Recent American and foreign Patents.</h2> + +<p><i>Under this heading we shall publish weekly notes of some of +the more prominent home and foreign patents.</i></p> + +<hr> +<p>WARDROBE.--Nathan Turner, West Lynn, Mass.--This invention +consists in a movable or swinging arrangement of the sides and top +and bottom, whereby they are folded upon each other, with grooves +or strips in or upon the sides to support shelves when used as a +closet or book case, and which shelves may be removed when used as +a wardrobe.</p> + +<p>AXLE BOX.--Henry B. Pitner, La Porte, Ind.--This invention +consists of an iron thimble or slieve provided on each end in the +inside with a screw thread into which are fitted ends of brass or +composition, or other metal softer than iron, in such a way that +said metallic ends will not turn in the box, and so that the axle +bears only upon the softer metal.</p> + +<p>SPRING FORMER.--George S. Long, Bridgeport, Conn.--This +invention consists of a vibrating anvil or former, upon which the +steel to be worked is placed, said former vibrating under a roller, +said roller being hollow, and provided with holes or orifices +through which water received in the shaft of said roller is +distributed upon the heated steel.</p> + +<p>DOOR-FASTENER.--Francis C. Levalley, Warrenville, N. Y.--The +present invention relates to a fastener for doors more particularly +which, in the construction and arrangement of its parts, is simple, +and most effective, and secure, when fastened.</p> + +<p>ROOFING.--Orville Manly, Garrettsville, Ohio.--This invention +consists of tiles saturated with raw coal tar, made in the same way +as ordinary brick, having all the edges bevelled, being thicker at +one end, and laid upon the roof with the thicker end towards the +eaves, and the spaces between the tiles formed by the bevelled +sides of the same filled with a cement made of raw coal and +clay.</p> + +<p>FOLDING BEDSTEAD OR CRIB.--R. S. Titcomb, Gloversville, N. +Y.--This invention consists of the parts being attached to each +other by pivots and hinges, whereby the same may be folded in upon +the bed and clothing, and upon each other.</p> + +<p>CAST METAL CASES FOR SPRING BALANCES.--John Chattillon, New York +city.--This invention relates to a new manner of arranging the cast +metal cases for spring balances, so that they can be made less +expensive and simpler than they are now made, and consists in +fitting the iron, to which the upper end of the spring is secured, +directly through the upper head of the case, instead of using an +additional head in the case for that purpose.</p> + +<p>TWEERS.--John B. Himberg, Frederick City, Md.--This invention +relates to a new tweers, which is so arranged that the center part +or ring can be easily taken out, whenever desired, but not +accidentally, by a hook or stirrer, and that it can be easily +cleaned and taken apart whenever desired, and that it may conduct a +strong blast of air to the fire.</p> + +<p>PUNCH.--C. D. Flesche, New York city.--This invention consists +in arranging a punch in such a manner that it consists of two +parts, which are firmly connected together for cutting the metal, +while for bending the same, an inner sliding punch will be moved +out of the stationary cutting punch, thus making both operations by +one instrument, and avoiding the removal of the article from the +cutting to the bonding punch, which was heretofore necessary.</p> + +<p>RAILROAD CHAIR.--Leander Pollock, Matteawan, N.Y.--This +invention consists in making the chair of two pieces, each piece +consisting of one cheek and of a portion of the case. When the two +pieces are connected, the base of one rests upon the base of the +other, the line of division between the two bases being inclined so +that as the rail presses upon the upper base, it, will tend to +force the same downward on the incline, whereby the two cheeks will +be brought together.</p> + +<p>FIRE LADDER.--Johan Blomgren, Galesburg, Ill.--The main feature +in this invention is a telescopic tube, expanded or closed by a +coil fitting within it, and worked by a toothed wheel.</p> + +<p>HARVESTER.--Francis C. Coppage, Terre Haute, Ind.--The object of +my invention is to render more simple and effective the machinery +for operating and adjusting the cutter bar and the reel of +harvesters.</p> + +<p>BOAT-DETACHING APPARATUS.--David L. Cohen, Pensacola, Fla.--The +object of this invention is to furnish a device by which a ship's +boat can be readily shipped or launched at sea, without danger of +capsizing or fouling.</p> + +<p>DEVICE FOR HITHING HORSES.--Samuel Galbraith, New Orleans, +La.--This invention is a neat, cheap, and durable device, designed +to be attached to halters used in hitching horses, mules, etc., to +prevent their being thrown, hung, or injured.</p> + +<p>HYDROSTATIC MACHINE.--Dr. J. R. Cole, Kenton Station, Tenn.--The +object of this invention is to construct a machine which, by the +application of but little power, will raise a stream of water to +any desired hight, to furnish motive power for machinery or for +other purposes.</p> + +<p>FENCE POST.--Robert Ramsay, New Wilmington, Pa.--In this +invention the bottom of the post is supported between two parallel +sills a short distance from the ground, the post being dovetailed +and held by keys passing across the sills, and being adjusted high +or low, or at any inclination, by making the keys larger or +smaller, or of different sizes.</p> + +<p>SELF-LOADING EXCAVATOR.--Benj. Slusser, Sidney, Ohio.--In this +invention a pinion, attached to the forward axle is made to elevate +the plow, when desired, and at the same instant to ungear and stop +the endless apron carrier that conveys the dirt from the plow to +the cart. A new method of instantly unloading the cart, and setting +it again to receive another load, is shown.</p> + +<p>WASHING MACHINE.--J. Q. Leffingwell, Nevada, Iowa.--This +invention relates to an improvement in washing machines, and +consists of a vibrating semi-cylindrical box operated by a means of +a lever handle and gearing.</p> + +<p>SCAFFOLD FOR BUILDERS, ETC.--John E. Bliss, Oxford, Ind.--This +invention has for its object to furnish an improved scaffold for +the use of carpenters, masons, painters, etc., which shall be +simple in construction, strong, durable and easily adjusted to any +desired hight.</p> + +<p>PLOW.--Harvey Briggs, Smithland, Ky.--This invention has for its +object to furnish an improved plow for breaking up sod or prairie +land, which shall be strong and durable in construction and +effective m operation.</p> + +<p>CORN PLOW.--John Snyder, Williamsfield, Ohio.--This invention +has for its object to furnish an improved plow for plowing and +hoeing corn, which shall be simple and strong in construction and +will do its work well.</p> + +<p>SELF-RAKING ATTACHMENT FOR REAPERS.--James H. Glass and Albert J +Glass, McGregor, Iowa.--This invention has for its object to +furnish an improved attachment for reapers of that class in which +the rakes act as beaters, in the place of a reel, and are made to +descend occasionally to sweep the bundle from the platform, so that +the third, fourth, sixth, or any other desired rake may sweep the +platform and deliver the bundle.</p> + +<p>SKY ROCKET.--John W. Hadfield, Newtown, N. Y.--This invention +relates to a modification of an improvement in sky rockets for +which letters patent were granted to this inventor bearing date +Nov. 28, 1865. The original improvement consisted in a novel +application of wings to the body or "carcass" of the rocket, +whereby the use of the ordinary guide stick was rendered +unnecessary and the rockets rendered capable of being packed for +transportation much more compactly than when provided with sticks. +The present invention also consists in a novel manner of attaching +the wings to the body or "carcass" of the rocket, whereby the same +advantage is obtained as hitherto, at a less cost of +manufacture.</p> + +<p>TAIL PIECE FOR VIOLINS.--James Thoms, South Boston, Mass.--This +invention relates to a new and improved manner of attaching the +E-string to the tail piece of a violin, whereby a comparatively +small portion of said string is wasted in case of breakage.</p> + +<p>HAME TUG.--James E. Covert, Townsendville, N. Y.--This hame tug, +according to the present invention, is made of a strip of malleable +iron or other suitable material, perforated or provided with +V-Shaped holes or slots having a center tongue piece, for the +reception of a V-Shaped block fixed at one end of the trace, by +means of which block the trace is engaged with the hame tug, where +through a suitably arranged spring slot that strikes against the +end of the tongue to the said V-slots, the block is held firmly in +place, and consequently the trace fastened to the hame tug.</p> + +<p>CENTER BOARD.--F. J. McFarland, San Francisco, Cal.--This +invention relates to the location of the center boards of boats and +sailing craft of all kinds, but is designed more particularly for +freight carrying vessels. It consists simply in employing two +center boards and locating the same at the extreme ends of the +hull.</p> + +<p>MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.--George W. Van Dusen, Williamsburgh, +N.Y.--This invention consists in a novel connection and arrangement +of levers and valves between the plane of movement of the +perforated surface or surfaces, and an airchest or chests, and the +keys or levers for opening the valves to the reeds or for operating +any other mechanism suitable for producing tones, whereby through +such perforated surface or surfaces the mechanism forming the +connection between it and the sounding mechanism will be operated +through the perforations to produce the sound or note or notes +desired, of whatever length such notes or sounds are to be.</p> + +<p>COMBINED SEAT AND DESK.--Rev Allen H. Burn, May's Landing, N. +J.--The present invention relates to the combination of a desk or +lid with a seat or bench, such lid or desk being hinged to the back +of the seat in such a manner as to be raised or lowered at +pleasure, and when raised, supported in position by means of +supporting bars properly applied thereto.</p> + +<p>MACHINE FOR REFITTING CONICAL VALVES.--Charles F. Hall, +Brooklyn. N. Y.--This invention relates to a device by which the +conical stop valves of gas, steam, and water works may be refitted +or repaired when from any cause they are rendered leaky and unfit +for use.</p> + +<p>GRAIN-BAND CUTTER AND FORK.--E. G. Bullis, Manchester, +Iowa.--This invention has for its object to furnish an improved +instrument by means of which the bands of the grain bundles may be +cut at the same time that the bundles are pitched to the person who +feeds them to the threshing machine, and by the same operation.</p> + +<p>PROPELLING VESSELS, ETC.--Robert R. Spedden and Daniel F. +Stafford, Astoria, Oregon.--This invention has for its object to +furnish an improved means by which the motion of the waves may be +used for propelling vessels or working pumps or other +machinery.</p> + +<p>MAILBAG FASTENER.--S. Denison, Portlandville, N.Y.--This +invention has for its object to furnish an improved mailbag +fastening by the use of which the mouth of the bag will be closed +securely, and which may be operated, in closing and opening the +bag, in less time and with less labor, than the fastenings now in +use.</p> + +<p>KNIFE AND FORK CLEANER.--John Merritt, New York city.--This +invention has for its object to furnish an improved machine by +means of which knives and forks may be quickly and thoroughly +cleaned.</p> + +<p>CHURN.--Thomas Bisbing, Buckstown, Penn.--This invention has for +its object to furnish an improved churn conveniently and easily +operated, and which will do its work quickly and thoroughly.</p> + +<p>SAW BUCK.--Henry J. Dill, Cummington, Mass.--This invention +relates to the manner in which a stick of fire wood, or cord wood, +is held fast or secured in the saw buck for the purpose of sawing +it into suitable lengths, and it consists in arranging adjustable +toothed clamps for holding the stick, which clamps are brought in +contact with it by bearing upon a treddle with the foot.</p> + +<p>PLATFORM SCALES.--D. Hazzard, Milton, Del.--This invention +relates to a new and improved method of constructing scales of the +platform kind, and it consists in attaching a spiral spring to a +spindle, to the top end of which spindle the platform is secured, +and to the bottom end of which a rod and index finger is attached +so that when an article, to be weighed, is placed on the platform, +the weight of the article will act upon the spring and be indicated +by the finger.</p> + +<p>WASHING MACHINE.--S. W. Curtiss, Sugar Grove, Pa.--This +invention relates to a new and improved method of constructing +washing machines, and consists in the arrangement of three fluted +revolving rollers in a suitable washing box or vessel.</p> + +<p>COMBINED TRY SQUARE AND BEVEL.--Samuel N. Batchelder, Prairie du +Chien, Wis.--This invention consists in attaching the blade of a +try square to the stock in such a manner that it can be set and +fastened at any desired angle by operating a hook slide and set +screws.</p> + +<p>STEAM ENGINE.--J. F. Troxel, Bloomsville, Ohio.--This invention +relates to a new and improved method of constructing steam engines, +whereby the same are greatly increased in power and effectiveness, +and consists in operating a number of pistons in one cylinder.</p> + +<p>STOVE.--T. W. Wisner, Howell, Mich.--This invention relates to a +new and improved method of constructing those stoves which are used +for drying purposes or for heating water, or steaming vegetables +and for all other purposes of a similar nature, and the invention +consists in rendering the stove portable by providing for +supporting the same on truck wheels which allows of its being +transported from place to place, as may be required.</p> + +<p>FURNACE HOT AIR BLAST.--Richard Long, Chillicothe, Ohio.--This +invention relates to a new and improved method of constructing and +arranging the air pipes for heating the air blast for furnaces for +smelting and reducing the ores in the manufacture of iron, having +particular reference to the materials of which the air pipe is +formed, the method of its construction, and also to the materials +and method of construction of the supporting walls.</p> + +<p>PRINTING POINTERS.--R. W. Macgowan, New York city.--This +invention relates to a new and improved application of pointers to +printing presses for registering the sheets of paper as they are +fed to the press. Hitherto these pointers have been operated +automatically, from the running parts of the press allowed to +remain in an elevated or nearly upright position, and through the +sheet until the fingers or nippers of the cylinder arrive in proper +position to grasp the sheet, at which time the pointers are drawn +down and the sheet released, so that it may be connected with the +cylinder, and related with the same in order to receive the +impression. This improvement consists in applying a spring or an +equivalent weight to the pointers, the latter being pivoted at +their lower ends, or attached to axes and all constructed and +arranged in such a manner that the pointers will hold the sheets +properly in position on the feed board, and the nippers of the +cylinder allowed to draw the sheet off from the points on account +of the latter yielding or being allowed to be drawn down under the +slight pull of the sheet, the springs or weights throwing the +points back to their original position as soon as the sheet is +withdrawn.</p> + +<p>CLEANER FOR LAMP CHIMNEYS, ETC.--R. B. Musson, Champaign, +Ill.--This invention relates to an improved cleaner for lamp +chimneys, bottles, and other hollow ware.</p> + +<p>SAWYER'S RULE.--Thomas Carter, Louisville, Ky.--This invention +relates to an improved sawyer's rule, and consists of a rule on +which is a scale showing at a glance the number of boards or +planks, of any desired thickness, which can be sawn from a log of +any given diameter.</p> + +<p>WINDOW SCREEN.--A. W. Griffith, Roxbury, Mass.--This invention +relates to an improvement in window screens, and consists in a +screen wound round a spring roller at foot of a window, and +attached to the bottom of the lower sash so that on opening the +window the screen opens with it, admitting the air but excluding +insects, and on closing the sash the screen winds up itself.</p> + +<p>SHOVEL PLOW, CULTIVATOR, ETC.--P. Atkinson Ross, Harveys, +Pa.--This invention has for its object to improve the construction +of single and double-shovel plows, cultivators, etc., to enable +them to be readily adjusted for use upon sidehills or level ground, +so that the handles may be secured in nearly a level position, +while the plow is held in the best position for doing the work +properly.</p> + +<p>SKY ROCKETS.--John W. Hadfield, East Williamsburgh, N. Y.--This +invention consists in dispensing with the long stick or guide which +is now attached to sky rockets in order to insure a straight upward +flight of the same in the air, and using instead a plurality of +short guides, whereby several important advantages are obtained, to +wit: the packing of the rockets in a small space, so as to +economise in transportation, the forming of a stand or support for +the rocket, so that no fixture of any kind will be required when +they are to be fired or "set off," and lastly, the obtaining of an +efficient guide to insure the straight flight of the rockets upward +in the air.</p> + +<p>CATCHING THE OXYDE OF ZINC.--G. C. Hall, Brooklyn, N. Y.--This +invention relates to an improved means for catching the oxyde of +zinc, as it escapes with the fumes and gases from roasting zinc, or +zinc ore. Hitherto the oxyde of zinc has been caught and retained +by forcing the fumes and gases from the roasting ore into a large +bag or receptacle composed of cotton cloth or other porous +material, which will admit of the gases and air passing it, but not +the oxyde, the latter being retained within the bag, and, by its +superior gravity, falling to the bottom thereof and settling in +teats or pendent receptacles at the bottom of the bag, from which +it is removed from time to time. This invention has for its object +the dispensing with the large bag, which is very expensive--the +gases from the ore affecting the same so that it rots in a very +short time, and soon becomes ruptured under the blows which are +given it to cause the oxyde which adheres to the sides of the bag +to drop into the teats or receptacles made to receive it. The +invention consists in having the fumes and gases from the roasting +zinc or zinc ore forced into a close building, provided with +openings or apertures, over which screens are placed, constructed +in such a manner and of such materials as to admit of the air and +gases passing through them, but not the oxyde.</p> + +<p>FERRULE.--Archibald Shaw, Philadelphia, Pa.--This invention +relates to a new and improved ferrule for the handles of tools and +other implements, and it consists in providing the interior of the +ferrule with oblique spurs or projections, disposed or arranged in +such a manner as to admit of the ferrule being driven on the handle +and at the same time prevent it from casually slipping off +therefrom. The object of the invention is to obviate the necessity +of tacks or screws being used to secure the ferrule on the handle, +as well as the pinching of the same externally to form a burr to +sink into the handle to effect the same end.</p> + +<p>SUCTION OF VACUUM PUMP AND BLOWER.--John Doyle and Timothy A. +Martin, New York City.--This invention consists in arranging valves +and air passages with a hollow cylinder or drum having an +oscillating movement, and provided with a chamber or chambers to +receive water, mercury or other fluid, whereby an exceedingly +simple and compact pump or blower is obtained, one not liable to +get out of repair or become deranged by use.</p> + +<p>MACHINE FOR REGSTERING NUMBERS FOR ODOMETERS.--Henry F. Hart, +New York city.--This invention relates to an improved machine or +apparatus for registering numbers applicable to odometers or +measurements of quantities of all kinds, such as the numbers of +barrels of flour, bushels of grain or any other commodity that +requires a tally or record of the quantity packed, stored, weighed, +or handled in any manner.</p> + +<p>DITCHING MACHINE.--A. H. and P. S. Whitacre, Morrow, Ohio.--This +invention relates to an improvement in the construction of a +machine for cutting ditches suitable for laying tile for draining +lands, or pipe of any kind, and consists in a sled worked by tackle +and supporting a frame carrying the machinery, in such manner that +the frame can be raised and lowered to cut the ditch to any +required depth.</p> + +<p>WINDOW SHADE RACK AND PULLEY FASTENING.--Wm. H. Woods, +Philadelphia, Pa.--This invention relates to an improvement in +constructing a fastening for window shades and consists in a metal +rack to be attached vertically as usual to the side of the window +frame for holding the cord connected with the shade by means of a +lever dog that works in a longitudinal slot in the rack and is +engaged and disengaged with the teeth thereof by moving the lever +in and out of the slot to be secured in places when engaged by a +swivelknob on which is a pulley that covers the cord of the +shade.</p> + +<p>FENCE POST.--Warren H. Shay, Sylvania, Ohio.--This invention +relates to an improved method of constructing fence posts and +consists in forming them of plank uprights supported by braces and +held together by cross ties and keys.</p> + +<p>CLOTHES-WASHING MACHINE.--John D. Swartz, Milton, Pa.--This +invention relates to a new and improved clothes-washing machine of +that class which are provided with an oscillating rubber and a +concave of rollers.</p> + +<p>RAILROAD RAILS AND CHAIRS.--John H. Downing, Salem, Mass.--This +invention relates to an improvement in railroad rails and chairs, +and consists in forming the rails in two parts, to lie side by +side, with lap joints combined with narrow chairs, having single +heads placed on each side of the rail to clamp the two parts +together at the joints, and fasten them to the ties.</p> + +<p>MACHINE FOR STRETCHING CLOTH.--A. C. Corpe, Stafford, +Conn.--This invention relates to a new and improved machine for +stretching cloth, with a view of tendering the same smooth and +enfolding such portion of the selvedges which may have been rolled +over in the manipulations to which it was subjected after being +taken from the loom.</p> + +<p>MACHINE FOR SHARPENING SAWS.--E. B. Rich, South Boston, +Mass.--This invention relates to a machine for the sharpening of +saw blades, whether straight or circular, and consists in the +combination of a revolving or rotating grinding wheel made of any +suitable material, and a holder for the saw blade, so arranged +together that as the grinding wheel revolves the saw will be +presented to the same, or the wheel to the saw-blade, in such a +manner as to produce the desired sharpening of the teeth, in +regular order and succession.</p> + +<p>DOOR SPRING.--Rudolph Schrader, Indianapolis, Ind.--The present +invention relates to a spring for doors, that being properly +connected with the door will operate to close, whether when opened +it swings inside or outside through the casing to the door, the +spring being especially applicable to doors hung to swing through +their casing, or inside and outside.</p> + +<p>PORTABLE DERRICK.--D. J. McDonald, Gold Hill, Nevada.--This +invention relates to a new and improved derrick, and it consists in +a novel construction and arrangement of parts, whereby the device +may be readily drawn from place to place, the crane or derrick +frame adjusted in any desired position within the scope of its +movement, friction avoided, and the whole apparatus manipulated +with the greatest facility.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="24"></a></p> + +<h2>Answers to Correspondents.</h2> + +<p><i>Correspondents who expect to receive answers to their letters +must, in all cases, sign their names. We have a right to know those +who seek information from us; besides, as sometimes happens, we may +prefer to address the correspondent by mail.</i></p> + +<p><i>Special Note.--This column is designed for the general +interest and instruction of our readers, not for gratuitous replies +to questions of a purely business or personal nature. We will +publish such inquiries, however, when paid for as advertisements, +at 50 cents a line, under the head of "Business and +Personal"</i></p> + +<p><i>All reference to back numbers should be by volume and +page.</i></p> + +<hr> +<p>J. F. McK., of Md.--"What kind of silk is used for balloons, +what is the varnish which covers them, and what amount of common +illuminating gas will support one pound weight?" Silk for large +balloons is now rarely used, stout cotton cloth being substituted. +Ordinary boiled linseed oil makes a good varnish. Any elastic +varnish will do, however. The specific gravity of ordinary +illuminating gas ranges from 0.540 to 0.700, air being 1.000. Its +weight may be called one-thirty-second of a pound to the cubic foot +and atmospheric air about three-fourths of a pound.</p> + +<p>R. B. C., of Pa., says: "Here is a proposition in geometry which +I would like to see demonstrated theoretically by one of your +correspondents. The side of a regular heptagon is equal to half the +side of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the same circle. The +mechanical construction is very simple and will be found useful. I +discovered it some years ago and am not aware of its ever having +been in print."</p> + +<p>F. H., of Mich., asks "if sal-soda will scale a boiler?" H. N. +Winans, 11 Wall street, N. Y. replies that in some waters it is +partially effective but at the expense of the boiler, with a +certainty of foaming and corrosion. The most reliable and +positively uninjurious remedy for incrustations is his +anti-incrustation powder--in successful use for 12 years past.</p> + +<p>T., of R. I., speaks of the famous mechanical horse shown at the +Paris Exposition which is said to have accomplished with its rider +a little over an English mile in fifty seconds, and asks what is +the motive power. As it is said that the French Government took +possession of the machine and preserves its mechanical construction +a secret, we know no more about it than about the much vaunted +Napoleon cannon.</p> + +<p>S.S., of N. Y.--"Please give the ingredients of the composition +used for tipping matches." Different manufacturers employ different +materials and in varying proportions; the mixture of phosphorus +melted and stirred up with thin glue is sufficient, although some +add a quantity of powdered glass, niter, chlorate of potash, +sulphur, etc. The phosphorus, however is the light-producing +material.</p> + +<p>R.S.B., of N.Y., alluding to the inquiry of S.W.P., in No. 23, +for a waterproof paste. "Calico printers when they wish to leave +white figures on a dark ground use what they term a 'resist paste' +to cover such places as are designed to be unaffected by the dye. +If the ingredients of this paste were known it might be what +S.W.P., desires." This "resist paste" is 1 lb. of binacetate of +copper (distilled verdigris), 3 lbs. sulphate of copper dissolved +in 1 gal. water. This solution to be thickened with 2 lbs. gum +senegal, 1 lb. British gum and 4 lbs. pipe clay; adding afterward, +2 oz. nitrate of copper as a deliquescent.</p> + +<p>M.A.H, of Vt.--"I have a surplus of water power and desire to +know the probable cost of the apparatus for producing the electric +light, with a view of employing my surplus power in that +direction." A serviceable magneto-electrical machine for giving +light is quite expensive.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="25"></a></p> + +<h2>Business and Personal.</h2> + +<p><i>The charge for insertion under this head is 50 cents a +line</i>.</p> + +<hr> +<p>Parties in want of Fine Tools or Machinists' Supplies send for +price list to Goodnow & Wightman, 23 Cornhill, Boston, +Mass.</p> + +<p>Pattern Letters and Figures for inventors, etc., to put on +patterns for castings, are made by Knight Brothers, Seneca Falls, +N.Y.</p> + +<p>Allen & Needles, 41 South Water street, Philadelphia, +Manufacturers of Allen's Patent Anti-Lamina, for removing and +preventing Scale in steam boilers.</p> + +<p>All Parties having any article to sell through an agent, +address, with circular, etc., Box 499 Oil City, Pa.</p> + +<p>Manufacturers of Tag Holders will please send address to Box +1019, St. Paul, Minn.</p> + +<p>Manufacturers of Presses for making Castor Oil, address or send +circular to F.M. Peck, P.O. Box 190, Montgomery, Ala.</p> + +<p>Manufacturers of Cotton-Spinning and Knitting Machinery send +circular and price list to W.L. Jones, Holly Springs, Miss.</p> + +<p>Dr. W. Spillman, Marion Station, Miss., wishes to correspond +with manufacturers of buckshot or bullets, either conical or +spherical.</p> + +<p>Toy Makers--One-half of Patent Right of Toy Wind Wheel given +away! Address Dr. W.H. Benson, Norfolk, Va.</p> + +<p>Milton Darling, East Macdonough, Chenango Co., N.Y., wishes the +address of those that want broom handles for the year 1868.</p> + +<p>A.B. Woodbury, Winchester, N.H., wants to sell two valuable +patents--Jack-Spinning Improvements.</p> + +<p>E.C. Tainter, Worcester, Mass., wants to sell a good set of Sash +and Door Machinery, used only six months.</p> + +<p>Parties desiring any of their new ideas put into practical form, +or wanting any new apparatus invented for manufacturing purposes, +etc., address, with confidence, A.E.W., Inventor and Draftsman, 114 +Fulton street, N.Y. References given.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="26"></a></p> + +<h2>MANUFACTURING, MINING, AND RAILROAD ITEMS.</h2> + +<p>For the benefit of the Union Pacific railroad, the base of the +Rocky Mountains has been fixed at the base of the Black Hills, a +distance of 6.637 miles west of Cheyenne, and, according to the +railway surveys 525.078 miles from Omaha.</p> + +<p>The Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago railway have just rebuilt +in the most permanent manner an iron bridge over the Alleghany +river, to replace the old wooden Howe truss bridge, which had +become inadequate to the increasing traffic. The new bridge opens +like a fan towards the freight yard at Pittsburg being at the +narrowest part, next to the main span 55 feet wide. The river is +crossed with spans averaging 153½ feet in the clear, with a +bearing of five feet on each pier. The principle of the +construction is known as the lattice girder plan, with vertical +stiffening. The work was executed under the superintendence of its +designer, the engineer and architect of the company Felician +Stataper.</p> + +<p>The production of precious metals in the United States from 1849 +to 1867 inclusive, has amounted in value to $1,174,000,000.</p> + +<p>The president of one of the New Jersey railroads proposes a plan +to avoid the danger to life and limb from the series of trains that +run into and out of Jersey city. The new project is to elevate the +present tracks fifteen feet above the streets, and by safe +machinery to lower at once an entire train in the depot at the +river.</p> + +<p>A mining company at Newton, Nev., are making preparations to +work their claims by means of a steam engine which will be used to +throw a stream of water instead of the ordinary hydraulic pressure +They estimate that with a ten or twelve horse power engine, then +can throw 100 inches of water with a force equal to at least 150 +feet fall. The result of this experiment is looked upon with a good +deal of interest, as there is a vast amount of good hydraulic +ground in the adjoining countries, which, as in this case, cannot +be worked by the ordinary process for want of water fall, but +which, if the expedient in this case proves successful, will soon +be worked by steam engines.</p> + +<p>By an oversight in the article on the trans-continental +railroad, published in our last issue, the Western or California +section of the road was styled the Union Pacific, instead of the +Central railroad. In the race to reach Salt Lake the California +company have 400 miles more to build, while the Union company have +only 328 miles. But the country to be traversed by the former is +comparatively level, and favorable for winter work, while that on +the other side crosses four distinct mountain ranges, and winter +storms must interrupt work for several months in the year.</p> + +<hr> +<p><a name="27"></a></p> + +<h2>PATENT OFFICE DECISIONS ON APPEAL.</h2> + +<h3>USEFUL COMPOUNDS ARE PATENTABLE--THE APPLICANT NOT REQUIRED TO +PROVE THE FUNCTION OF EACH INGREDIENT.</h3> + +<p>S.H. HODGES for the Board of Examiners-in Chief.</p> + +<p><i>Application of Rew for a Patent for Preventing and Curing +Swine Cholera</i>.--The applicant's specific is composed of a +number of medical articles, the nature of which is not important +upon the present occasion, and it is unnecessary to enumerate them. +But it is objected that "a medical prescription" "should contain +some recognition of the medicinal properties of the several +ingredients" "and the part they perform in the compound:" or, as it +is elsewhere expressed, such a mixture should not receive the +sanction of this department "unless perhaps a satisfactory +rationale should be given for the use of each of the ingredients in +the proportions named."</p> + +<p>If the medical faculty were always satisfied themselves as to +the operation of the various remedies they employ, there might be +more reason in the objection. But it is well known that different +schools disagree widely on this subject, and there are remedies +employed with success the effect of which the most intelligent are +unable to account for. So long as there is a single one of this +character to be found, and while the operations of the vital +functions are so concealed from us that we are unable fully to +comprehend the process by which any specific operates, so long it +is impossible to prescribe as a conditon of patentability, a full +explanation of the mode in which any one acts that is brought +forward. It would be still less justifiable to require such an +explanation as would content any particular class of medical men. +Every year new therapeutics are introduced into practice, and not +unfrequently some whose beneficial results are not understood. And +as long as one such may be found, it is not just to make it a +condition of its being protected by a patent, that the discoverer +should bring the scientific world to agree with him in his theory +respecting it, nor even that he should have one.</p> + +<p>The man who stumbles upon a new and useful article is just as +much entitled to the exclusive use of it as if he had elaborated it +by the most profound and painful study. It is true that there is +danger upon this principle of countenancing mere nostrums, and +giving them undue prestige This can only be guarded against by the +exercise of great caution and requiring convincing proof of +utility. Such his been furnished in this case, in abundance.</p> + +<p>The application cannot be rejected except upon such grounds as +would insure the rejection of nearly all medicines whatever. Nor is +the Office responsible for the false importance which the public +may attach to its proceedings, so long is they are confined to its +legitimate province. Its duties certainly must not be neglected, +and meritorious petitions refused, in order to obviate such +misapprehensions.</p> + +<p>The decision of the Primary Examiner is reversed.</p> + +<p>[Transcribers note: full index of volume XVII. left out]</p> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Scientific American, Vol. 17, No. 26 +December 28, 1867, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, DEC 28, 1867 *** + +***** This file should be named 8951-h.htm or 8951-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/8/9/5/8951/ + +Produced by Don Kretz, Juliet Sutherland, and Distributed Proofreaders + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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