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| committer | www-data <www-data@mail.pglaf.org> | 2026-05-09 16:11:13 -0700 |
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diff --git a/78639-h/78639-h.htm b/78639-h/78639-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dcbcdf0 --- /dev/null +++ b/78639-h/78639-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,23626 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> + <head> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> + <meta charset="UTF-8"> + <title>The Pilgrimage of Grace 1536–1537 and the Exeter Conspiracy 1538 | Project Gutenberg</title> + <link rel="icon" href="images/cover.jpg" type="image/x-cover"> + <style> + body { margin-left: 8%; margin-right: 10%; } + h1 { text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: xx-large; } + h2 { text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: x-large; } + .pageno { right: 1%; font-size: x-small; background-color: inherit; color: silver; + text-indent: 0em; text-align: right; position: absolute; + border: thin solid silver; padding: .1em .2em; font-style: normal; + font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; } + p { text-indent: 0; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; 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page-break-inside: avoid; max-width: 100%; } + h1 {line-height: 150%; } + .footnote {font-size: .9em; } + div.footnote p {text-indent: 2em; margin-bottom: .5em; } + .chapter { clear: both; page-break-before: always; } + body {text-align: justify; } + table {font-size: .9em; padding: 1.5em .5em 1em; page-break-inside: avoid; + clear: both; } + div.titlepage {text-align: center; page-break-before: always; + page-break-after: always; } + div.titlepage p {text-align: center; text-indent: 0em; font-weight: bold; + line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 3em; } + .ph1 { text-indent: 0em; font-weight: bold; font-size: xx-large; + margin: .67em auto; page-break-before: always; } + .ph2 { text-indent: 0em; font-weight: bold; font-size: x-large; margin: .75em auto; + page-break-before: always; } + .blackletter {font-family: 'Old English Text MT'; font-weight:bold; + font-style: normal; } + .x-ebookmaker p.dropcap:first-letter { float: left; } + .pageno {color: #595959; } + </style> + </head> + + <body> +<div style='text-align:center'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 78639 ***</div> + + +<div class='tnotes covernote'> + +<p class='c000'><strong>Transcriber’s Note:</strong></p> + +<p class='c000'>New original cover art included with this eBook is granted to the public domain.</p> + +</div> + +<div class='chapter ph1'> + +<div class='nf-center-c0'> +<div class='nf-center c001'> + <div>THE PILGRIMAGE OF GRACE</div> + <div>1536–1537</div> + <div class='c002'>AND</div> + <div class='c002'>THE EXETER CONSPIRACY</div> + <div>1538</div> + <div class='c003'>IN TWO VOLUMES</div> + <div>VOL. II</div> + </div> +</div> + +</div> + +<div class='nf-center-c0'> +<div class='nf-center c003'> + <div>CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS</div> + <div>C. F. CLAY, <span class='sc'>Manager</span></div> + <div class='c002'><span class='blackletter'>London</span>: FETTER LANE, E.C.</div> + <div class='c002'><span class='blackletter'>Edinburgh</span>: 100 PRINCES STREET</div> + </div> +</div> + +<div class='figcenter id001'> +<img src='images/i_colophon.jpg' alt='Logo' class='ig001'> +</div> + +<div class='nf-center-c0'> + <div class='nf-center'> + <div><span class='blackletter'>New York</span>: G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS</div> + <div class='c002'><span class='blackletter'>Bombay, Calcutta and Madras</span>: MACMILLAN AND CO., <span class='sc'>Ltd.</span></div> + <div class='c002'><span class='blackletter'>Toronto</span>: J. M. DENT AND SONS, <span class='sc'>Ltd.</span></div> + <div class='c002'><span class='blackletter'>Tokyo</span>: THE MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA</div> + <div class='c003'><i>All rights reserved</i></div> + </div> +</div> + +<div class='titlepage'> + +<div> + <h1 class='c004'>THE PILGRIMAGE OF GRACE<br> 1536–1537<br> <span class='large'>AND</span><br> THE EXETER CONSPIRACY<br> 1538</h1> +</div> + +<div class='nf-center-c0'> +<div class='nf-center c003'> + <div>BY</div> + <div class='c002'><span class='xlarge'>MADELEINE HOPE DODDS</span></div> + <div><span class='small'>(Historical Tripos, Cambridge)</span></div> + <div class='c002'>AND</div> + <div class='c002'><span class='xlarge'>RUTH DODDS</span></div> + <div class='c003'>VOLUME II</div> + <div class='c003'>Cambridge:</div> + <div>at the University Press</div> + <div>1915</div> + </div> +</div> + +</div> + +<div class='nf-center-c0'> +<div class='nf-center c003'> + <div><span class='small'><span class='blackletter'>Cambridge</span>:</span></div> + <div><span class='small'>PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A.</span></div> + <div><span class='small'>AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS</span></div> + </div> +</div> + +<div class='chapter'> + <h2 class='c005'>CONTENTS</h2> +</div> + +<table class='table0'> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>CHAPTER</td> + <td class='c007'> </td> + <td class='c008'>PAGE</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XV</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>The Second Appointment at Doncaster</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_1'>1</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XVI</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>The King’s Policy</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_24'>24</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XVII</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>Hallam and Bigod</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_55'>55</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XVIII</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>The Duke of Norfolk’s Mission</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_99'>99</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XIX</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>The King’s Peace</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_141'>141</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XX</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>The End of the Pilgrimage</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_182'>182</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XXI</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>The Council of the North</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_226'>226</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XXII</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>The White Rose Party</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_277'>277</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XXIII</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>The Exeter Conspiracy</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_297'>297</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'>XXIV</td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>Conclusion</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_329'>329</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'> </td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>Bibliography</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_335'>335</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class='c006'> </td> + <td class='c007'><span class='sc'>Index</span></td> + <td class='c008'><a href='#Page_340'>340</a></td> + </tr> +</table> + +<div class='chapter'> + <h2 class='c005'>ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS</h2> +</div> + + <dl class='dl_1 c003'> + <dt>PAGE</dt> + <dd>  + </dd> + <dt><strong><a href='#Page_80'>80</a></strong></dt> + <dd>The Richmondshire articles are printed in full in “Richmondshire Wills,” preface, p. xvii + (Surtees Society). + </dd> + <dt><strong><a href='#Page_126'>126</a></strong></dt> + <dd>Hutton of Snaith. Perhaps he was the bailiff of Snaith mentioned in connection with + Hallam’s rising, see pp. <a href='#Page_49'>49</a> and <a href='#Page_64'>64</a>; but in that case it is odd that anything could be + found against him in Durham. Norfolk calls him “one of the chief captains of the first + rebellion.” (L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 416 (2).) + </dd> + <dt><strong><a href='#Page_130'>130</a></strong></dt> + <dd><i>For</i> William Bowyer <i>read</i> Richard Bowyer. + </dd> + <dt><strong><a href='#Page_151'>151</a></strong></dt> + <dd>On 22 February 1536–7 it was reported in Norfolk that seven of the Lincolnshire rebels + had been executed by the Duke of Suffolk’s orders. (L. and P. <span + class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 424; printed in full, Furnivall, “Ballads from MSS,” vol. + <span class='fss'>I</span>, pt 2, p. 311 [Ballad Society].) + </dd> + <dt><strong><a href='#Page_176'>176</a></strong></dt> + <dd>For another political play which probably dealt with the Pilgrimage of Grace, see “The + Date of Albion, Knight,” by M. H. Dodds in “The Library,” April 1913. + </dd> + <dt><strong><a href='#Page_189'>189</a></strong></dt> + <dd>Cromwell’s name is used rather loosely throughout the passages relating to the evidence. + As he was the moving spirit in the prosecution he is described as making all the notes + and drawing all the conclusions found among the documents relating to the trials. + </dd> + <dt><strong><a href='#Page_217'>217</a></strong></dt> + <dd>Delete Lord Cobham’s name, as no expression of his opinions is recorded in the preceding + pages. + </dd> + <dt><strong><a href='#Page_219'>219</a></strong></dt> + <dd>Sir Ingram Percy’s will is printed in “North Country Wills” (Surtees Society), <span + class='fss'>I</span>, 156. + </dd> + </dl> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_1'>1</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XV<br> <span class='c009'>THE SECOND APPOINTMENT AT DONCASTER</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>The position and objects of the rebels having been set forth, it +is now time to consider the situation from the King’s point of view.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Pilgrims had stated their grievances definitely, and begged +the King to tell them what redress he was prepared to give. In +order to discover what answer he would make, it is necessary to go +back to the mission of Bowes and Ellerker at the beginning of +November. On their first arrival Henry had himself drawn up a +reply to the five articles<a id='r1'></a><a href='#f1' class='c012'><sup>[1]</sup></a>, very much on the lines of his reply to +Lincolnshire<a id='r2'></a><a href='#f2' class='c012'><sup>[2]</sup></a>, but on the whole milder in tone. The King condescended +almost to argument, as for instance in the recital of the +names of his Privy Council, now full of noblemen, whereas at the +beginning of his reign there had been but two nobles of the old +blood, “others, as the Lords Marney and Darcy, scant well-born +gentlemen.” Also he demanded the surrender of only ten ringleaders, +instead of a hundred, as in Lincolnshire<a id='r3'></a><a href='#f3' class='c012'><sup>[3]</sup></a>. It is not necessary to go +into the details of the reply, however, for in essence it was simply a +refusal to listen to any of the rebels’ remonstrances, and it had no +external result because it was never sent.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When he wrote it Henry seems to have been under the impression +that the Pilgrims were already scattered, and that the +affair would be over almost as quickly as the Lincolnshire rising. +By the time the reply was received the rebels might be expected to +be in a properly submissive frame of mind. As he gradually became +convinced that the truce was merely a truce, and not a capitulation, +the dreadful suspicion may have dawned in his mind that these +traitors might not accept his gracious answer, written with his own +hand, in the proper spirit. They might hesitate, argue, even reject +it. The very idea of such a humiliation was too terrible to be entertained. +The King would not run such a risk. Instead of issuing +<span class='pageno' id='Page_2'>2</span>his reply to the Yorkshiremen, he caused his reply to Lincolnshire +to be printed, thus returning an indirect answer to the rebels, +without exposing himself. But his labour was not wasted, for he let +it be known among the Pilgrims that he had answered their petition, +but that he would not as yet allow them to see his reply. His letter +to Ellerker and Bowes supplied this omission to some extent, and +once the Pilgrims had made a full list of their grievances, as a +substitute for their first general petition, the King’s answer became +quite insufficient. The stages by which Henry was reluctantly +forced to acknowledge that he was obliged to treat formally with +the Pilgrims have already been traced. On 14 November he had +resolved to send Norfolk and Fitzwilliam to negotiate with them<a id='r4'></a><a href='#f4' class='c012'><sup>[4]</sup></a>, +and the first set of instructions was drawn up for their direction. +They were to be provided with a safe-conduct under the Great Seal, +“a proclamation implying a pardon,” and the King’s original answer. +On their arrival at Doncaster they were permitted to arrange an +interview with Darcy and three hundred others. They were to +induce this company to come to them merely on their own promise +of safety if possible, but if they could not be persuaded that this was +sufficient security they might be given the safe-conduct. On this +point of the safe-conduct the King was extremely sensitive. He +seems to have felt that to grant one was a kind of recognition of +belligerency; also it hurt his pride to acknowledge that any of his +subjects were not wholly at his mercy. Apart from this we perhaps +may see here one of the extraordinary freaks of his conscience. He +would have had no hesitation in ordering Suffolk to seize the Pilgrims +who had come to negotiate with Norfolk on the security of Norfolk’s +word, but he would prefer not to violate his own safe-conduct. Except +for this matter there is not much of importance in these first instructions +to Norfolk. Henry was not going to give way on any point. +Darcy and his company must be persuaded and exhorted by the +Duke to submit themselves entirely to the King, to make no further +question concerning their petitions, and to accept the pardon which +the King was willing to extend to all but a few persons specially +named. If the rebels would conform themselves absolutely and +surrender the aforesaid ringleaders they might be permitted to +receive the King’s answer “in a much more certain sort than the +articles were proponed so that all indifferent men must be content.”<a id='r5'></a><a href='#f5' class='c012'><sup>[5]</sup></a> +If they would submit, Norfolk was to administer to them the oath of +the Lincolnshire men; if they refused he was to gain as much time +<span class='pageno' id='Page_3'>3</span>as possible by discussion, and at the first favourable opportunity he +must break off the negotiations and straightway attack the rebels<a id='r6'></a><a href='#f6' class='c012'><sup>[6]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>With these instructions Norfolk and Fitzwilliam set out. On +27 November the King wrote to them at Leicester. The rebels’ +attitude was still very threatening, and he seems to have thought +that there was little prospect of peace, but he was still determined +not to yield a single point; he would not give hostages for Aske; he +would not grant fourteen days’ truce for the appointment, “our +instructions treat of a time to be won by policy, and not of an +abstinence by pact, which would give them time to fortify themselves.”<a id='r7'></a><a href='#f7' class='c012'><sup>[7]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>These letters and instructions must have been very painful +reading for Norfolk and the Admiral. It was abundantly evident +by this time that there was no chance of winning over Darcy, +and as far as could be discovered the other leaders were equally +unapproachable. For a short while the royalists entertained some +hope of winning over Aske, owing to the report of a spy. This man +was called Knight, and was a servant of Sir Francis Brian<a id='r8'></a><a href='#f8' class='c012'><sup>[8]</sup></a>. Knight +went into the rebels’ country about 14 November<a id='r9'></a><a href='#f9' class='c012'><sup>[9]</sup></a>, to learn what he +could about their strength. When he was in York, his appearance +aroused suspicion, but he escaped by saying that he was a servant +of Sir Peter Vavasour. On 15 November, however, he was recognised +as Brian’s servant and taken before Aske. With great presence +of mind and some humour Knight told the captain that Sir Francis +had sent him in pursuit of his chaplain who was a thief<a id='r10'></a><a href='#f10' class='c012'><sup>[10]</sup></a>. Aske sent +Knight back to his master with a letter to request a description of +the missing chaplain, as he was determined not to protect bad +characters<a id='r11'></a><a href='#f11' class='c012'><sup>[11]</sup></a>. It was Knight who told Sir Francis that Aske had +only one eye. He had returned to his master by 18 November<a id='r12'></a><a href='#f12' class='c012'><sup>[12]</sup></a>. +Apparently Knight had had some communication with Sir Peter +Vavasour, whose name he had used as a protection, although +Sir Peter was with the Pilgrims<a id='r13'></a><a href='#f13' class='c012'><sup>[13]</sup></a>. Knight told Sir Francis Brian +that, according to Sir Peter, Aske had been heard to say that some +men who were not suspected were worse than he, and that he would +gladly accept the King’s pardon. Brian repeated this to Sir Anthony +Browne, who sent the report on to Norfolk and Fitzwilliam. The +King’s deputies reached Nottingham on Wednesday 29 November, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_4'>4</span>and there they wrote to Sir Peter Vavasour<a id='r14'></a><a href='#f14' class='c012'><sup>[14]</sup></a>. They stated that it +had been represented to them that Aske was wavering. If he would, +he could do more service than a greater man, and Sir Peter must +urge him to throw himself on the King’s mercy. In token of his +goodwill, let him come to the meeting at Doncaster without hostages, +bringing with him this letter, which should be his safeguard<a id='r15'></a><a href='#f15' class='c012'><sup>[15]</sup></a>. This +application to the supposed originator of the roundabout story +demolished it altogether. Vavasour wrote back to say that there +was no truth in the report that Aske was wavering. He himself +dared not sign his letter, lest it should be intercepted. Thus all +hope from this quarter vanished<a id='r16'></a><a href='#f16' class='c012'><sup>[16]</sup></a>. The reports from the north +showed no signs of giving way on the part of the rebels. On the +contrary, it was doubtful whether they would consent to treat at all. +If they were really so much excited and so confident it was quite +evident that they would not humbly accept any answer which the +King might choose to make.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It may be asked why the royalists should fear the prospect of +battle, when they had at their backs London, the King’s treasure and +the King’s fleet. Norfolk and the nobles with him were honestly on +Henry’s side, but the particular sting lay in the fact that they would +be fighting for Cromwell. They would be actually the protectors and +maintainers of the man whom they most detested. While they were +risking their lives and spending their money in his hated cause, he +would be at the King’s side, enjoying the King’s favour, and probably +poisoning the King’s mind against them. In the circumstances it +is not surprising that Norfolk, in particular, was ready to do almost +anything rather than fight. The state of his feelings may be judged +by the fact that between 24 November and 2 December he found +courage to write to the King laying before him the situation at its very +worst<a id='r17'></a><a href='#f17' class='c012'><sup>[17]</sup></a>. The letter seems to have been carried by Sir John Russell. +It is lost, but there was a passage in it very irritating to Henry, in +which Norfolk declared that everything depended on the weather; the +waters of the river were falling and he could trust neither to Trent +nor to Don<a id='r18'></a><a href='#f18' class='c012'><sup>[18]</sup></a>; moreover he enclosed the evidence of sixty gentlemen +that “other parties were not to be trusted unto.”<a id='r19'></a><a href='#f19' class='c012'><sup>[19]</sup></a> These other +parties were probably the leaders of the Pilgrimage, Darcy, Latimer +and the rest, and the report was that they would not be persuaded +to betray their cause and come over to the King, as he hoped.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_5'>5</span>Henry was furiously angry at the contents of this letter. His +situation with regard to Norfolk was indeed peculiarly galling to a +man of his pride and temper. Norfolk for the moment was indispensable; +he might not be a very good general, but he was the +only one Henry possessed. Until the rebellion was suppressed the +King could not afford to quarrel with him. But, while conscious of +his own helplessness, Henry did not trust Norfolk in the least. He +did not believe that the desperate letter contained a true account of +the rebels’ position; in his eyes it was all a trick to frighten him +into coming to terms. Yet Norfolk could not be superseded, because +there was no one to take his place, and he could not be forced to +insist that the rebels should either fight or accept Henry’s terms, +because if Henry threatened him too boldly it was very probable +that he would join the rebels himself. In the replies which were +drawn up on 2 December, the King put a great restraint upon +himself. Nevertheless the private letter which he sent to Norfolk +was sufficiently alarming. Henry complained that Norfolk’s desperate +reports agreed neither with the information of spies nor with each +other. In the first campaign he had particularly declared that he +could hold the line of the Trent, and had attributed all his ill success +to Shrewsbury’s advance to the Don. Now he said that he could +hold neither Don nor Trent, and yet it was evident that Shrewsbury’s +advance had saved a large district for the King<a id='r20'></a><a href='#f20' class='c012'><sup>[20]</sup></a>. From +Newark he had written that he would esteem no promise made to +the rebels nor think his honour touched in the breach of it<a id='r21'></a><a href='#f21' class='c012'><sup>[21]</sup></a>, but +nevertheless he had come to terms with them, disbanded his army +without any exploit, and favoured their petitions at court. “We +have now declared to you our whole stomach, as to him that we love +and trust, which if you take as it is meant we doubt not but you will +thank us, and by your deeds cause us eftsoons to thank you.”<a id='r22'></a><a href='#f22' class='c012'><sup>[22]</sup></a> This +was on the whole a temperate letter, but there is an undercurrent of +restrained fury running through it which must have been very +alarming to Norfolk. Such a rebuke might have goaded a loyal man +into fighting immediately, or might have frightened a cautious man +into going straight over to the rebels; but Henry knew Norfolk’s +character. The only emotion which it aroused in him was an intense +desire to dispose of this tiresome business and return to court, where +his “back-friends” must be intriguing against him.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_6'>6</span>At the same time the Privy Council received news that, according +to letters from Sir William Musgrave, Tynedale and Reedsdale were +loyal, Cumberland and Westmorland not ill-disposed, Lord Clifford +was holding Carlisle and the Earl of Cumberland Skipton<a id='r23'></a><a href='#f23' class='c012'><sup>[23]</sup></a>. They +thought therefore that Norfolk had only to deal with Yorkshire. +They wrote to him to engage the rebels in conference while Suffolk +prepared to attack them from the east, and Shrewsbury and Derby +on the west. If the rebels could not be persuaded to accept the +limited pardon and give up their ringleaders, he was to attack at +once, for the King would on no account grant a general pardon. +They enclosed the King’s letter, but assured Norfolk that whatever +it might contain the King was as gracious to him as ever he was in +his life, from which it appears that they were rather nervous about +the effect that Henry’s remonstrance might have<a id='r24'></a><a href='#f24' class='c012'><sup>[24]</sup></a>. Sir John Russell +also carried back a secret letter from the King to Shrewsbury. It +is a high tribute to the old Earl’s character that all parties trusted +him; even the King placed more reliance on him than on Norfolk, +although he now showed his confidence by asking him to do a dirty +piece of work. In his reports Shrewsbury, whenever possible, had +spoken a good word for his old friend Darcy. Henry now commissioned +him to enter into secret negotiations with Darcy and +Aske. He was not to allow the rest of the Council to know anything +about it, but if he could by any means persuade them to come +over to the King, he might give them the pardons, made out, one +for Darcy, and the other for Aske, which Russell had in his possession. +“The dates which are left blank you have power to fill up, +but you must do so in such sort that there appear no diversity of +hands.” Was forgery one of the ordinary accomplishments of a +Tudor nobleman? Russell also took a set of articles which Shrewsbury +was empowered to declare if no terms were made with the +rebels, but no copy of these articles has survived<a id='r25'></a><a href='#f25' class='c012'><sup>[25]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the very day that these letters were despatched, Saturday +2 December, Norfolk wrote again to the King from Welbeck, still +more emphatically setting forth the impossibility of inducing the +rebels to submit unconditionally<a id='r26'></a><a href='#f26' class='c012'><sup>[26]</sup></a>. Sir Francis Brian carried this +letter, and Suffolk also sent his opinion, which agreed with Norfolk’s, +that if the King would not grant a free parliament and a general +<span class='pageno' id='Page_7'>7</span>pardon there was no hope of coming to terms<a id='r27'></a><a href='#f27' class='c012'><sup>[27]</sup></a>. Sir Francis reached +the court, at Richmond, on the night of Sunday 3 December<a id='r28'></a><a href='#f28' class='c012'><sup>[28]</sup></a>. +After he had made his report the King could no longer doubt the +gravity of the position. It was possible to believe that Norfolk was +exaggerating, but Suffolk and Sir Francis himself were entirely loyal +and their information must be taken seriously. Although he had +urged both Suffolk and Norfolk to fight, Henry did not want to +provoke actual warfare unless he could be quite certain of winning. +Since there was no alternative between concession and battle he +reluctantly gave directions for a new set of instructions to be drawn +up<a id='r29'></a><a href='#f29' class='c012'><sup>[29]</sup></a>. In the beginning of this document he again complained of +the desperate contents of Norfolk’s letters. He reproached all the +council of his army for neglecting to seize and fortify the Don, and +for allowing the rebels to muster in such force at Pontefract without +making corresponding levies. They were on no account to treat +unless the numbers were equal on both sides,—either the Pilgrims +must disband, or the King’s troops must be increased. If this +matter could be adjusted Norfolk, Fitzwilliam and the others were +empowered to hold the conference. As usual the King held forth at +great length on the reproaches that they must heap on the rebels +for their disloyalty, ingratitude, etc., but if all their eloquence did +not avail to make the Pilgrims accept the limited pardon, Norfolk +was to say that his commission extended no further, but that if they +would state clearly what they wanted he would venture to prolong +the truce and himself lay their petition before the King. He was to +persuade them that they only wanted a general pardon and a free +parliament; they must be made to sign these articles and to undertake +not to molest the King on any other point. Then Norfolk +might make a truce for six or seven days, <i>as if to send to the King</i>, +and at the end of this time he might present to them the general +pardon which Sir John Russell would carry with him when he +delivered these instructions. At the same time Norfolk might give +them the King’s promise that a parliament should be held, beginning +on the last day of September 1537 at any place the King might +appoint. If they insisted on any other articles, besides the pardon +and the parliament, Norfolk was to make a truce for twenty days, to +let the King know all particulars, and to send secretly to Derby +to summon all the forces of Cheshire and Lancashire, to Suffolk to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_8'>8</span>prepare Lincolnshire, while he himself got ready to seize all the fords +of the Don until the King could make his preparations for advancing +against the rebels in person<a id='r30'></a><a href='#f30' class='c012'><sup>[30]</sup></a>. The idea of prolonging the truce +while secretly levying forces seems to have been suggested in the +first place by Norfolk in a letter from Newark that has not been +preserved. In a postscript the King replied to Norfolk’s suggestion +and to another letter from Nottingham. Although he approved of +the general scheme, he would give no definite orders for further +levies, as it would be so expensive. He promised to send three more +safe-conducts, in addition to the one drawn up on 30 November +which Norfolk had already received<a id='r31'></a><a href='#f31' class='c012'><sup>[31]</sup></a>; the new ones were made out for +sixteen, twenty and forty days respectively, as he did not know what +length of time might be agreed upon, and if a blank safe-conduct were +sent, it would be visible that the date had been filled in by another +hand<a id='r32'></a><a href='#f32' class='c012'><sup>[32]</sup></a>. Commissions of lieutenancy were also sent, made out to +Norfolk and Shrewsbury, and to Norfolk and the Council. The King +concluded by complaining again of their desperate letters. If they +must send him so much bad news, he said, they might send some +good news to balance it, or at least suggest some “honest remedy” +for the evil. There is one other small but significant point: in the +original draft orders are given for the payment of the men now +with Norfolk, namely the “bands” of Sir John Russell, Sir Francis +Brian, Sir Anthony Browne and Richard Cromwell, but the names of +Sir Francis Brian and Richard Cromwell are struck out. Sir Francis +had just brought up letters from Norfolk, and the rebels had refused +to treat while Richard Cromwell was in Norfolk’s company. The +King silently yielded this point without any argument or blustering<a id='r33'></a><a href='#f33' class='c012'><sup>[33]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>With these instructions Henry sent a letter to Suffolk<a id='r34'></a><a href='#f34' class='c012'><sup>[34]</sup></a>. After +briefly telling him that he was prepared, in case of extremity, to +grant a free pardon and a parliament to the rebels, “although we +thought the granting of such a pardon would only encourage others,” +he gave orders that Suffolk must make up his companies to eight +thousand men, and prepare to attack at once on receiving the word +from Norfolk. The first plan was that on the alarm he should seize +Hull and advance on York, sending word to Lord Clifford to set +out from Carlisle and meet him. But this scheme was completely +<span class='pageno' id='Page_9'>9</span>cancelled and he was ordered not to attempt to take Hull, but to +await further advice. Letters and proclamations were enclosed to +be sent by sea to Berwick and thence distributed to Lord Clifford, +Sir William Musgrave, Edward Aglionby (of Carlisle), Sir Thomas +Clifford, Sir Reynold Carnaby and the towns of Berwick and Carlisle. +Suffolk received a commission of lieutenancy joining him with +Norfolk and Shrewsbury<a id='r35'></a><a href='#f35' class='c012'><sup>[35]</sup></a>, and a pardon and oath to be proclaimed +and administered in Marshland and Holderness<a id='r36'></a><a href='#f36' class='c012'><sup>[36]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Privy Council wrote to Norfolk at the same time, but their +letter only hints at the King’s change of attitude<a id='r37'></a><a href='#f37' class='c012'><sup>[37]</sup></a>. These Privy +Council letters seem to have been composed to sweeten the King’s +more outspoken despatches. This one begins with warm praises +of Norfolk and his colleagues. The King was making plans in +case of war, but the Privy Council contemplated peace. If, as +they did not doubt, Norfolk brought the affair to a satisfactory +conclusion, the King was pleased with the Duke’s plan that he +should immediately advance into Yorkshire, with a good train of +noblemen and gentlemen, to administer the oath; but Norfolk must +send further particulars, as the King’s charges had been great, and +expenses must be kept down. They sent the Ten Articles and copies +of the circular to the bishops<a id='r38'></a><a href='#f38' class='c012'><sup>[38]</sup></a>, to be declared to the people. “There +remains one thing to be considered which the King has much to +heart and we all no less desire—the preservation of his Grace’s +honour, which will be much touched if no man be reserved to punishment.” +There is a certain humour in the earnestness with which +the Council beseech Norfolk to “reserve” some vile persons, even if +only a very few, and among them, if possible, Sir Robert Constable<a id='r39'></a><a href='#f39' class='c012'><sup>[39]</sup></a>. +Sir Robert had offended the King mortally by saying that the truce +had been broken when Edward Waters was sent to Scarborough. +Henry, in his usual daring fashion, had retorted the reproach on the +rebels in his instructions; Norfolk was to complain of the taking of +Edward Waters as an innovation during the truce<a id='r40'></a><a href='#f40' class='c012'><sup>[40]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Council also mentioned that the King had written to the +Earl of Northumberland to come up to London “if nothing chance +to him in the mean season,”<a id='r41'></a><a href='#f41' class='c012'><sup>[41]</sup></a> rather a sinister reservation. The Earl +had sent a ring as a token to the King at the beginning of the +month, through Suffolk’s hands<a id='r42'></a><a href='#f42' class='c012'><sup>[42]</sup></a>. They added that Norfolk would +<span class='pageno' id='Page_10'>10</span>doubtless see that the Earl’s brethren did no displeasure, a task +somewhat beyond his power<a id='r43'></a><a href='#f43' class='c012'><sup>[43]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Such were the final instructions despatched to Norfolk before the +conference. They did not arrive till Wednesday 6 December, and +would have been too late if the meeting had not been deferred for +a day.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Saturday 2 December Norfolk was at Welbeck writing +desperate letters to the King. On Sunday 3 December he was at +Hatfield, and with him were his half-brother Lord William Howard, +Sir William Fitzwilliam and Sir Anthony Browne<a id='r44'></a><a href='#f44' class='c012'><sup>[44]</sup></a>. He had summoned +Shrewsbury to join them, but Shrewsbury that day sent word +that he was so ill that it would be impossible for him to reach Doncaster +before Wednesday<a id='r45'></a><a href='#f45' class='c012'><sup>[45]</sup></a>. Probably Lancaster Herald arranged to +defer the meeting when he went to Pontefract that eventful Sunday. +Shrewsbury’s letter was written in the morning, and after dinner +Norfolk mentioned in a letter to the King that the meeting would +not be till Wednesday. The principal object of the letter was to +give warning that William Steward of Scotland was on his way to +France and had passed right through the rebel country. It would +therefore be well to stop him, as he might be carrying messages +from the rebels to the King of Scotland. Norfolk reported that the +nobles at Pontefract were in half captivity to the commons, who +were very numerous and wild, but he was not without hopes of +winning over some of the gentlemen<a id='r46'></a><a href='#f46' class='c012'><sup>[46]</sup></a>. This no doubt is an allusion +to the Archbishop’s sermon and the tumult in the church. Norfolk +must have written on the report of Lancaster Herald. It is rather +difficult to discover exactly what arrangements the Herald made +for the first meeting on Monday. Robert Aske said afterwards that +he delivered the King’s safe-conduct for ten knights and esquires, +each accompanied by three servants<a id='r47'></a><a href='#f47' class='c012'><sup>[47]</sup></a>. On the other hand Fitzwilliam, +writing on Monday 4 December, told the King that the gentlemen +were coming with only two servants each and “upon our honours +without your Grace’s safe-conduct.”<a id='r48'></a><a href='#f48' class='c012'><sup>[48]</sup></a> Fitzwilliam would be the +better authority, as Aske may easily have forgotten the exact particulars, +if it were not possible that Fitzwilliam was trying to soothe +the King, whose angry letters of 2 December had just been received. +They seem to have arrived early on Monday morning before the +meeting, and Norfolk and Fitzwilliam answered them at 8 <span class='fss'>A.M.</span> In +<span class='pageno' id='Page_11'>11</span>these replies therefore there is no record of what passed. Norfolk +wrote to the King and to the Council. Both his letters are full of +protestations of loyalty; he insisted that he had only spoken the +plain truth all through, as it was his duty to warn the King of the +danger in which he stood. Doubtless he had mismanaged affairs, +but that was due to his old age and feebleness, unfit as he was for +the great duties which the King had forced upon him. He hoped +now that they would not send him north, as he had suggested, +because he wanted to go home<a id='r49'></a><a href='#f49' class='c012'><sup>[49]</sup></a>. The letters are very picturesque +but they contain no information about the negotiations with the +rebels.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After despatching these letters from Hatfield, Norfolk must have +gone to Doncaster to meet the Pilgrims’ representatives. Sir Thomas +Hilton and his companions had received full instructions from the +Pilgrims’ council. They were (1) “to declare to the Duke of Norfolk +and other lords that our meeting of our part is meant of assured +truth without any manner of deceit or ‘male ingyne’: (2) to receive +the King’s safe-conduct, and to deliver our safe-conduct for the +assurance of the lords there: (3) to entreat of our general pardon, +including all persons who in heart, word or deed aided the federation +in this our quarrel, and that we be not mentioned in the pardon, nor +in any records as rebels and traitors: (4) that Richard Cromwell nor +none of his kind nor sort be at our meeting at Doncaster: (5) to +receive the King’s answer by the declaration of the lords, and to +certify the very intent thereof to us here: (6) to know what authority +the lords have to promise: (7) to demand what pledge they would +deliver for the captain: (8) if the particulars are required, then to +descend to divers particulars.”<a id='r50'></a><a href='#f50' class='c012'><sup>[50]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>To all this Norfolk had no very truthful reply, particularly if it +is correct to suppose that he did not receive the King’s final instructions +until Wednesday. He could not honestly answer to (1) that +he came to the meeting “without any manner of deceit or ‘male +ingyne,’” seeing that he knew his object was to gain time until the +King’s troops were ready to make an attack. On that very day +Suffolk was writing to ask for guns, gunners, arrows, etc., saying +that he was making musters and every day expected the King’s two +ships<a id='r51'></a><a href='#f51' class='c012'><sup>[51]</sup></a>. With regard to (2) Norfolk’s orders were if possible to +withhold the King’s safe-conduct and to persuade the Pilgrims to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_12'>12</span>come to the meeting on no security but his own word. He was not +authorised to promise a general pardon, as the King in his last +letters<a id='r52'></a><a href='#f52' class='c012'><sup>[52]</sup></a> had insisted that some of the rebels must be reserved for +punishment<a id='r53'></a><a href='#f53' class='c012'><sup>[53]</sup></a>. He could indeed satisfy them with regard to (4) as +Richard Cromwell had already withdrawn. But as to (5) he had +particular instructions not to reveal the King’s reply until the +rebels had submitted; and though he was to assure them that it was +quite satisfactory he must have known that this was far from being +the case. As to (6) he had no authority to promise anything but +the limited pardon, while he had been particularly forbidden to give +a pledge for Aske. Though he was permitted to go into particulars, +it was only that he might persuade the Pilgrims not to trouble the +King with them, the one point on which his orders were most +emphatic being that he should take every means to detach the +gentlemen from the commons<a id='r54'></a><a href='#f54' class='c012'><sup>[54]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At this point there comes a complete break in the contemporary +letters and reports. No account of these first negotiations at +Doncaster survives. Aske alluded to the meeting once or twice, but +always said that as he was not there he could not be certain of what +passed. He knew, however, that Robert Bowes delivered a copy of +the articles to the Duke. The principal business of the meeting was +probably to arrange for the final conference. It was decided that +the appointed three hundred should come to Doncaster next day, +and there choose forty of their number, twenty gentlemen and +twenty commons, to treat with the Duke<a id='r55'></a><a href='#f55' class='c012'><sup>[55]</sup></a>. The King’s safe-conduct +seems to have been sent, although there is no absolute statement to +that effect, but it does not appear that any hostage was given for +Aske<a id='r56'></a><a href='#f56' class='c012'><sup>[56]</sup></a>. Perhaps the matter of the safe-conduct was compromised on +those terms. When this had been decided the ten gentlemen returned +to Pontefract.</p> + +<p class='c011'>However Norfolk may have endeavoured to gloze the matter +over, it could not be denied that the preliminaries had been very +discouraging. The commons realised this, and on Tuesday they +were uproarious. They threw the blame on Archbishop Lee, rightly +thinking that his wavering had encouraged the royalists, and there +was another tumult in the church, where the Archbishop was performing +service<a id='r57'></a><a href='#f57' class='c012'><sup>[57]</sup></a>. In order to prevent a breach of the truce, it was +<span class='pageno' id='Page_13'>13</span>agreed that Lord Neville, Lord Lumley and Lord Conyers should +remain at Pontefract to control the commons, while Lord Scrope, +Lord Latimer, Lord Darcy and Aske, with the three hundred knights, +esquires, gentlemen and commons, rode to Doncaster<a id='r58'></a><a href='#f58' class='c012'><sup>[58]</sup></a>. During these +two days the clergy had been drawing up their articles, which were +not completed and accepted until Tuesday afternoon<a id='r59'></a><a href='#f59' class='c012'><sup>[59]</sup></a>, and it must +have been after the close of the short December day that the three +hundred rode across the bridge to the Grey Friars’ house in Doncaster. +Next morning, Wednesday 6 December, they chose ten knights, ten +esquires and twenty commons to go to the conference with Norfolk. +Robert Aske was their leader, and was empowered to speak in the +name of all. This being determined, the forty set out for the house +of the White Friars, where Norfolk and his council were prepared +to receive them. By this time the King’s last instructions must +have arrived, which gave Norfolk something to base the treaty upon.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When the Pilgrims came into the presence of the council, Aske +made three low obeisances. Then he and all his companions fell +on their knees and humbly begged for the King’s free pardon and +gracious favour, notwithstanding anything which they might have +done contrary to the laws of the land. These respectful preliminaries +might have satisfied Henry, but the subsequent proceedings did not +follow the lines which he had laid down, for without any representation +of the King’s grievances they passed immediately to the +discussion of the articles. Here again Norfolk seems to have disregarded +the King’s desire for repeated delays. He had obtained +authority to grant a full and free pardon to all, and to promise that +the King would hold a free parliament; he thought, very reasonably, +that no good would result from disguising the fact, as the more the +negotiations were prolonged the wilder and more suspicious the +commons would become<a id='r60'></a><a href='#f60' class='c012'><sup>[60]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On this basis, therefore, the representatives of the King and of +the Pilgrims argued the particulars of the petition. About the first +article, for the suppression of heresy, no difficulty could be made<a id='r61'></a><a href='#f61' class='c012'><sup>[61]</sup></a>. +The King was as anxious for this as his subjects, and the arrest of +several heretics had already created a good impression<a id='r62'></a><a href='#f62' class='c012'><sup>[62]</sup></a>. Norfolk at +this point could use with some effect a passage in the King’s answer +to the men of Yorkshire in which he promised to punish any +<span class='pageno' id='Page_14'>14</span>members of his council or others, who could be proved to be subverters +of the law, and he would be free to suppress the King’s +addition that nobody would be able to prove such a thing<a id='r63'></a><a href='#f63' class='c012'><sup>[63]</sup></a>. The +King’s circular to the bishops was well received. In it the bishops +were ordered “to commend all the honest ceremonies of the Church +in such wise that they be not contemned,” and were forbidden +to retain in their service any person who spoke of the ceremonies +“contentiously or contemptuously.”<a id='r64'></a><a href='#f64' class='c012'><sup>[64]</sup></a> They were to watch the preachers +vigilantly, and silence any who were indiscreet, even if they had the +King’s licence, and they were to seek out and apprehend any priests +“who have presumed to marry.” Darcy afterwards forwarded a copy +of this letter to Lee, saying that in it “all true Catholics may joy.”<a id='r65'></a><a href='#f65' class='c012'><sup>[65]</sup></a> +The rest of the articles dealing with religion might all be referred to +the coming parliament. The royal supremacy, the tenths and first-fruits, +and the rest had all been granted by act of parliament. It +would be highly unconstitutional for the King to annul them merely +on his own authority, but what one parliament had done another +could undo. It seems that the Pilgrims assented to this, in all but +one point. They insisted, however, that the suppressed abbeys must +be allowed to stand until their case had been brought before parliament +again. Norfolk had no power to grant this, but the Pilgrims +firmly refused to give it up.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Leaving that aside for the moment, the other articles may be +considered. With regard to constitutional reforms, the repeal of the +various statutes included under that head might be left to the coming +parliament, and it will be observed that by this device Norfolk would +be able to avoid the discussion of such dangerous topics as the treason +laws and Mary’s legitimacy. Even the punishment of Cromwell, +Audley and Rich might possibly take the form of an impeachment, +and here Norfolk’s obvious sincerity must have helped him. It must +have been evident that he wished for Cromwell’s downfall as much +as the Pilgrims did. He would be able to make the most of the +withdrawal of Richard Cromwell, and he might represent that the +King’s eyes had been opened by this insurrection to Cromwell’s +enormities. It was, however, impossible to defer the consideration +of when and where the parliament should meet and how it should +be composed. With regard to the date, Henry had at first proposed +<span class='pageno' id='Page_15'>15</span>next Michaelmas<a id='r66'></a><a href='#f66' class='c012'><sup>[66]</sup></a>, which was too far distant to satisfy the Pilgrims, +but in the end he left the matter open, which enabled Norfolk to +pretend that a near date would be appointed, while it gratified Henry +to feel that it really rested entirely with him. As to the place, he +was determined to name that himself. The question of additional +representation for Yorkshire and kindred subjects were fully argued +at Doncaster; but no definite promise was made<a id='r67'></a><a href='#f67' class='c012'><sup>[67]</sup></a>. Finally Norfolk +was able to show them a full and free pardon without exceptions. +All the other grievances, legal and economic, might safely be referred +to the parliament.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In all this conference it is evident that the greatest importance +attached to Norfolk’s representation of the King’s attitude. If he +had spoken the strict truth, he would have said that Henry was very +angry, that the few concessions which he had made had been forced +from him by sheer necessity, that he was absolutely determined not +to yield an inch more, that in particular he would not give up the +monasteries or the supremacy, and that he was extremely anxious to +punish the leaders of the rising. There is no reason to believe that +Norfolk was so tactless as to reveal any of this. He probably +encouraged the Pilgrims’ idea that Henry had been so far misled by +Cromwell and that witch Anne Boleyn that he did not realise what +he had been doing. The Pilgrimage had opened his eyes, and for +this he was grateful. But it would be undignified in him to grant +petitions which were backed by force. Only let the Pilgrims submit +and disperse, and the King, now restored to his right mind, would +do all they desired, if they would proceed by entreaty and constitutional +means. As the Pilgrims regarded Norfolk as almost one of +themselves, his words would have all the more weight. But on the +one point they were still unpersuadable; the monasteries must be +allowed to stand. Norfolk knew perfectly well that the King would +never agree to this, but he had received a significant hint from his +master as to how he should act in these circumstances. In his letter +of 2 December Henry had reminded him: “you said you would +esteem no promise you should make to the rebels nor think your +honour touched in the breach of it.”<a id='r68'></a><a href='#f68' class='c012'><sup>[68]</sup></a> The implication is clear:—“Why +do you trouble me about making concessions to the rebels? +Promise anything they demand for yourself, but leave me free to +repudiate it afterwards.” Finding that there was no other way of +<span class='pageno' id='Page_16'>16</span>dealing with the problem of the monasteries, Norfolk and the Pilgrims +finally agreed upon a compromise. The abbots must surrender their +houses to the King’s commissioners, but they should then be restored +by the King’s authority until the next parliament, which was to +settle their fate<a id='r69'></a><a href='#f69' class='c012'><sup>[69]</sup></a>. At the end of the day Aske and his companions +returned to the rest of the three hundred at the Grey Friars with +these terms: a free pardon, the promise of a free parliament, and the +provisional restoration of the abbeys. After laying the proposed +treaty before them, Aske, at Norfolk’s request, rode back to Pontefract +the same night to communicate the terms to the assembly +there<a id='r70'></a><a href='#f70' class='c012'><sup>[70]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Meanwhile Norfolk and the rest of his council wrote to the King, +stating the terms they had made, and honestly declaring that they +did not believe there would be any possibility of peace unless the +King would give up the abbeys, at any rate temporarily<a id='r71'></a><a href='#f71' class='c012'><sup>[71]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Early next morning, Thursday 7 December, Aske sent the +bellman about Pontefract to summon the commons to hear the +result of the negotiations<a id='r72'></a><a href='#f72' class='c012'><sup>[72]</sup></a>. There were about three thousand in all, +who gathered at the market cross, where Aske announced the terms +that had been made. When they heard of the King’s most liberal +and free pardon, all raised a shout of joy. Under the impression +that the terms were ratified by acclamation, Aske set out for Doncaster +again, accompanied by Lord Neville. As soon as they reached +the town they went again to Norfolk, but while Aske was declaring +the result of his mission a letter came from Lord Lumley, who was +in command at Pontefract, to warn them that affairs there had +changed for the worse. Now that they had had time to discuss the +terms, the commons were not so well pleased with them, and the +leaders of their own rank, such as Hallam and Pulleyn, who were +always suspicious of the gentlemen, were encouraging them to give +the alarm and raise all Yorkshire again, if they were not shown the +King’s pardon under seal, and if the lords would not agree to the +continuance of religious houses and promise that the parliament +should be held at York. This news plunged the negotiations into +confusion again. After some debate, Aske suggested that he should +return to Pontefract and lay the proceedings before the commons +once more. His offer was accepted. When he arrived at Pontefract +his eloquence was effective and by night he had persuaded everyone +<span class='pageno' id='Page_17'>17</span>that the terms were perfectly satisfactory<a id='r73'></a><a href='#f73' class='c012'><sup>[73]</sup></a>. To complete the work +he sent back to Doncaster a request that Lancaster Herald would +bring the King’s pardon. Norfolk wrote gleefully to Suffolk that all +was going well at Pontefract<a id='r74'></a><a href='#f74' class='c012'><sup>[74]</sup></a>. The herald arrived with the pardon +the same night<a id='r75'></a><a href='#f75' class='c012'><sup>[75]</sup></a>. Possibly he was accompanied by the three hundred +lords and gentlemen, for next day, Friday 8 December, they all +assembled on St Thomas’ Hill and heard the pardon read. Then +the commons dispersed to their houses, and the gentlemen rode to +Doncaster once more. When they again presented themselves before +Norfolk, Aske gave an account of all that had happened, and Norfolk +then proceeded to rehearse the King’s grievances, which in Henry’s +opinion ought to have come first. Norfolk required to know how +the King’s rents were to be collected, to which it was replied that +they were ready for him. He also demanded the restoration of +Edward Waters and his ship. The Pilgrims were prepared to +redeliver everything that had been taken except the money, which +had been divided among the captors. Several other small points +were similarly adjusted. After this Aske knelt down and humbly +besought the whole assembly that he should no longer hold the +office or be called by the name of captain. When they had assented +to this he tore off the badge of the Five Wounds which he was +wearing, and all the other Pilgrims did the same, crying “We will +all wear no badge nor sign but the badge of our sovereign lord.” +Finally Norfolk gave orders for the restoration of the grantees of the +monasteries, and the conference broke up<a id='r76'></a><a href='#f76' class='c012'><sup>[76]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is an interesting point to consider whether the Pilgrims +believed that the prisoners in Lincolnshire would be included in this +pardon. They had so far prevented any executions from taking place +there, but although they probably hoped that they might be able to +obtain mercy for the Lincolnshire men the Pilgrims were not in a +position to treat on their behalf. They had deserted Yorkshire and +made terms for themselves; now they must abide by these. Darcy, +however, made a daring effort for them. On 15 December he wrote +to Suffolk that he would not allow Waters’ ship to be delivered unless +the appointment at Doncaster was observed in Lincolnshire, and his +intervention had the effect of preventing any executions for the time<a id='r77'></a><a href='#f77' class='c012'><sup>[77]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The end of the second conference at Doncaster is the end of the +Pilgrims’ success. They had allowed the issue to be changed from a +<span class='pageno' id='Page_18'>18</span>trial of strength to a trial of diplomacy, and though Henry might +have been overcome by force, he had not his match as a diplomat. +The leaders, who were on the whole rather old-fashioned and simple-minded, +were baffled without the slightest difficulty and Henry’s +triumph was almost ridiculously easy and complete.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There is one peculiarity of the conference at Doncaster which +strikes the modern reader instantly, namely, that the terms do not +appear to have been written down. It was later a part of Henry’s +plan of action to slur over the second conference as much as possible. +Not a single interrogation about it was addressed to any of the +prisoners, and the only information on the subject is derived from a +few chance remarks, and from the brief account which Aske drew up +for the King while he still believed that the terms would be observed. +In these references there is absolutely nothing to show that the +Pilgrims either signed any document themselves, or demanded any +written copy of the terms from Norfolk. Henry had suggested that +the leaders of the Pilgrimage should be required to sign a document +pledging themselves to demand nothing from the King except a free +pardon and a free parliament, but it seems that this paper was never +drawn up.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The omission was not quite so surprising at that date as it would +be now, for Yorkshire gentlemen were still accustomed to transact +most of their business by word of mouth, and writing was unfamiliar +to their ideas. But Darcy and Aske must have known how +important it was to have the King’s terms in black and white. We +can only conclude that the absence of a written agreement was due +to Norfolk’s skill and prudence. It seems to have been agreed on +both sides that the terms were only provisional. Norfolk might +explain that he would go and represent to the King what he had +promised and what the Pilgrims had demanded, and that he would +bring back the King’s answer in full legal form under the Great Seal. +That would be the real treaty. Until that was drawn up there was +no need for writing. It will be shown in the next chapter that +Norfolk’s speedy return with the King’s confirmation of the terms +was fully expected by gentlemen and commons alike, and that his +delay produced fresh agitation. At present the only one of the +King’s concessions which the Pilgrims actually saw in writing was +the pardon. They did not see the promise of the parliament, which +the King offered to concede in his instructions to Norfolk; neither +did they see any written promise concerning the monasteries, for +which Norfolk had no authority.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_19'>19</span>The only report of the proceedings at the time occurs in a letter +to Lady Lisle, wife of the Governor of Calais, from her agent in +England, John Husee. With the delightful inconsequence of a +contemporary he writes “news has just come that the Northern men +have obeyed the King’s proclamation, and submitted to mercy. The +wine and herrings are come, and will be delivered to Mr Sulyard.”<a id='r78'></a><a href='#f78' class='c012'><sup>[78]</sup></a> +This, it will be observed, was the report circulated in London by the +King on Monday 11 December. Needless to say, it was not true. +The northern men had not submitted to mercy, but had made terms. +The difficulty lies in discovering what those terms were. In order +that the narrative should not be interrupted, we have stated above as +an actual fact the terms which we believe were made, but it is now +necessary to give the grounds for this belief. There is no doubt +about the pardon and the parliament. The problem lies in the +agreement as to the monasteries. About this the evidence is conflicting. +In the first place, on Wednesday night, when Aske returned +to Pontefract to communicate the terms to the commons, Norfolk +wrote to the King that it would not be possible “to appease the +commons unless the King consented to the standing of the abbeys in +those parts which are to be suppressed by act of parliament.”<a id='r79'></a><a href='#f79' class='c012'><sup>[79]</sup></a> This +looks as though he had made some provisional promise, which he was +trying to persuade the King to ratify, but unfortunately his letter +has not been preserved. The quotation is from the King’s reply. +Before Norfolk’s return to the north, “the King examined him in the +gallery of his opinion in causes of religion,” and Norfolk promised +that no default should be found in him, “in the suppression of the +Abbeys and treatment of the traitors therein.”<a id='r80'></a><a href='#f80' class='c012'><sup>[80]</sup></a> There would have +been no reason for the King to examine Norfolk if he had not made +some unwelcome concession on the subject, which he repudiated “in +the gallery” before the King.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Secondly, there is Aske’s narrative drawn up for the King. In +this account he described only his individual acts; as the progress of +the negotiations must have been reported to the King by Norfolk, +Aske says hardly anything about them<a id='r81'></a><a href='#f81' class='c012'><sup>[81]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>His statements are (<i>a</i>) that on Thursday morning he proclaimed +at the market cross at Pontefract “the said order (taken at Doncaster) +and ... the knowledge of the King’s most liberal and free pardon.” The +commons received the news joyfully.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(<i>b</i>) After he had set out for Doncaster again the commons +<span class='pageno' id='Page_20'>20</span>became dissatisfied and demanded to see the King’s pardon and also +“that the abbots, new put in of houses suppressed, should not avoid +their possession to (until) the parliament time,” and that the +parliament must be at York.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(<i>c</i>) When the news of this reached Doncaster, Aske, after +consulting with Norfolk, went back to Pontefract and persuaded the +commons “to abide the said order at Doncaster.”<a id='r82'></a><a href='#f82' class='c012'><sup>[82]</sup></a> He seems to have +had a good deal of difficulty, for Marmaduke Nevill reported that the +commons were so much excited that the gentlemen thought “we +should be fain to divide, calling all them that were disposed to take +the King’s most gracious pardon to come to a side.”<a id='r83'></a><a href='#f83' class='c012'><sup>[83]</sup></a> This may +mean that they thought of putting the treaty to the vote. In the +end on Friday morning all formally accepted the terms<a id='r84'></a><a href='#f84' class='c012'><sup>[84]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(<i>d</i>) The last business transacted by Norfolk on Friday was to +“take order for the putting in of the King’s farmers.”<a id='r85'></a><a href='#f85' class='c012'><sup>[85]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>(<i>e</i>) After the conference Aske took part with Sir Ralph Ellerker +and Sir Robert Constable in “the putting in of the King’s farmers +into the abbeys of Haltemprice and Feriby.”<a id='r86'></a><a href='#f86' class='c012'><sup>[86]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>In all this there is no definite statement of what was the order +taken at Doncaster, but the general impression which the narrative +gives is that the monks were to be turned out and the farmers +restored. The third witness in the matter is John Dakyn, and he +makes a definite statement, the only definite statement, be it observed, +that exists. Dakyn, it will be remembered, was one of the ecclesiastics +at Pontefract. He was an elderly, cautious man, very anxious +to avoid committing himself. During the conference William Collins, +the bailiff and one of the representatives of Kendal<a id='r87'></a><a href='#f87' class='c012'><sup>[87]</sup></a>, came to him +and asked his advice concerning the monastery of Cartmell. All the +monks had been restored by the commons, but the prior would not +go back<a id='r88'></a><a href='#f88' class='c012'><sup>[88]</sup></a>. Dakyn promised to write to him on the subject. On +Saturday 9 December, after the conference was over, Dakyn left +Pontefract for York. He did not write to Cartmell as yet, because +he wished to have definite information as to what had been determined. +As he had been at Pontefract all the time, he might have +been expected to know, but probably he had had no opportunity of +learning the details from any of the leaders and he wanted to be +quite certain. Collins came to him at York for the letter, and Dakyn, +having no real doubt on the subject, wrote on Sunday 10 December +<span class='pageno' id='Page_21'>21</span>to the priors of Cartmell and Conishead<a id='r89'></a><a href='#f89' class='c012'><sup>[89]</sup></a> that by the King’s consent +all religious persons should re-enter suppressed houses again till +further direction was taken by parliament<a id='r90'></a><a href='#f90' class='c012'><sup>[90]</sup></a>. Collins sent these letters +to the monasteries<a id='r91'></a><a href='#f91' class='c012'><sup>[91]</sup></a>. Dakyn went home to his own parish of Kirkby +Ravensworth<a id='r92'></a><a href='#f92' class='c012'><sup>[92]</sup></a>. Within a week of his arrival Robert Bowes and Sir +Henry Gascoigne requested him to go and explain to the canons of +St Agatha’s at Richmond that they must “be put forth by the King’s +authority and taken in again by the same authority until the next +parliament.” The prior agreed and it was done. “This manner of +putting out and taking in again was commonly spoken of to be true, +after our return from Pontefract, in all those parts as well with +gentlemen as others.”<a id='r93'></a><a href='#f93' class='c012'><sup>[93]</sup></a> Robert Bowes was one of the principal men +at Doncaster, and must certainly have known all that passed, and +Dakyn’s evidence shows decisively that he believed that the monasteries +were to make a formal surrender, but were to be allowed to stand.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In the fourth place there is the evidence of William Collins. +Clarencieux King-of-Arms arrived at Kendal on 22 December, +bringing the King’s pardon. The farmers of the priory of Cartmell +and the restored monks were quarrelling over the rents and corn, and +when they heard of the herald’s arrival two of the monks came to +him and begged him to write an order for them. The herald would +not write himself, but he directed Collins to write, which he did, +in the herald’s presence, to the following effect: “Neighbours of +Cartmell, so it is that the King’s herald hath made proclamation +here that every man, pain of high treason, should suffer everything, +as farms, tithes, and such other, to be in like stay and order concerning +possessions as they were in time of the last meeting at Doncaster, +except ye will of your charity help the brethren there somewhat +towards their boards, till my lord of Norfolk come again and take +further order therein.”<a id='r94'></a><a href='#f94' class='c012'><sup>[94]</sup></a> All the monasteries of the north had been +restored before the last conference at Doncaster, and putting together +Dakyn’s and Collins’ statements it appears that the monks were to +be left unmolested, but that the rents, etc., were to remain in the +hands of the farmers and grantees of the monasteries, who should, +however, make an allowance to the monks.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Finally it appears that as soon as he returned home Sir Thomas +Hilton, who, like Bowes, had been prominent at Doncaster, insisted +on restoring the Friars Observant of Newcastle<a id='r95'></a><a href='#f95' class='c012'><sup>[95]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_22'>22</span>From the evidence of all these persons, the majority of them +being men who had every opportunity of knowing the truth, it seems +certain that Norfolk promised at Doncaster that the monasteries +should be allowed to stand, subject to an agreement with the farmers +of them, until the promised parliament met.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk had no authority for making any such promise, and in the +absence of any proof of his actual words, it is not fair to accuse him +of treachery. It is not likely that he pretended to have the power +which he did not possess. In all probability he only promised to +make suit to the King that the monasteries should stand, although +he may have held out strong hopes that the King would grant his +suit, while he knew very well that the King would do nothing of +the sort.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The first news of the terms made Henry exceedingly angry<a id='r96'></a><a href='#f96' class='c012'><sup>[96]</sup></a>. +A letter was at once drawn up addressed to Fitzwilliam and Russell, +in which he scolded them roundly. He was amazed that they could +not achieve the thing that the King most desired, namely, the +reservation of certain persons for punishment. As for the monasteries, +so long as he wore the crown of England he would never give them +up. Various persons from the north had been interrogated by the +King<a id='r97'></a><a href='#f97' class='c012'><sup>[97]</sup></a>, in particular Steward, the Scot of whom Norfolk had given +warning<a id='r98'></a><a href='#f98' class='c012'><sup>[98]</sup></a>, and they all reported that the commons of the north were +weary of the rebellion, penitent and ready to submit unconditionally. +He would have been a brave man who dared to say otherwise, when +face to face with Henry. The King desired Russell and Fitzwilliam +to send a detailed account of all the negotiations. It is very much to +be wished that they had done so, but in all probability the King’s +letter was never sent. It is undated and endorsed by Wriothesley +“The minute that was devised to have been sent to my lord Admiral +and Master Russell,” which implies that it never was despatched<a id='r99'></a><a href='#f99' class='c012'><sup>[99]</sup></a>. +When it was drawn up Henry must have expected that the +negotiations would last at least a week, as he had suggested in +his instructions. The minute cannot have been written before +8 December, as it alludes to a letter from Norfolk to Suffolk dated +Thursday 7 December and forwarded to the King<a id='r100'></a><a href='#f100' class='c012'><sup>[100]</sup></a>. The despatch +of the King’s letter may have been prevented by further letters from +Doncaster, announcing that the conference was over, or it may be +simply that the King had changed his mind. As soon as his first +outburst of rage was over, he must have become aware of the great +<span class='pageno' id='Page_23'>23</span>advantage which he had gained. He had been thwarted for the +moment, which his passionate self-will could hardly bear, but cunning +was really more in accordance with his tastes than violence. A very +little reflection would show him that it only required time, patience +and diplomacy for him to recover everything that he had yielded for +the moment, and to recover it, moreover, without the risk and expense +of war. Therefore his angry letter was cancelled, and the King gave +no sign as to his opinion of the terms made at Doncaster. He did +not ratify them, but on the other hand he did not repudiate them. +One of the heralds who was sent to the north with the pardons, as we +have seen, encouraged the people to believe that the monks were to +remain in their houses for the present. It is here that a charge of +treachery will fairly lie. Henry had no intention of keeping the +unauthorised promise which Norfolk as his representative had made, +but he did not repudiate it. He permitted and encouraged those +whom it most concerned to believe that he regarded the promise +as binding, until he found a favourable opportunity for denying it +altogether, and punishing those who had trusted him.</p> + +<p class='c011'>NOTES TO CHAPTER XV</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note <a id='A'></a>A. In the Letters and Papers this passage runs “if we shall trust +either to treat or do, we shall be deceived,” but in the State Papers it is printed +“either to Trent or to Don” and a reference to the original shows this to be +correct.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note <a id='B'></a>B. These instructions are undated and are printed among the letters +of 2 December<a id='r101'></a><a href='#f101' class='c012'><sup>[101]</sup></a>. They seem, however, to belong to 4 December. Possibly they +were first drawn up on the 2nd but held back and modified after Norfolk’s letter +from Welbeck was received.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note <a id='C'></a>C. Henry attached great importance to the point that there should be +no diversity of handwriting in the pardons and safe-conducts; the reason for +this anxiety is not apparent.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note <a id='D'></a>D. The question of the hostages aroused a great deal of interest at the +time. The Spanish Chronicler says<a id='r102'></a><a href='#f102' class='c012'><sup>[102]</sup></a> that the King sent as hostages for Aske +the Earl of Surrey, Lord Darcy, the Earl of Rutland, Lord William Howard +Norfolk’s brother, the Marquis of Exeter and Lord Thomas Howard Norfolk’s +second son. This account of the insurrection is interesting as showing the +rumours current in London, but it is quite without authority as evidence of +what occurred.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note <a id='E'></a>E. This date is written and then cancelled. In his letter to Suffolk<a id='r103'></a><a href='#f103' class='c012'><sup>[103]</sup></a> +the King mentions Michaelmas as the date of the parliament, but in the end the +date was left open.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_24'>24</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XVI<br> <span class='c009'>THE KING’S POLICY</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>After the conference at Doncaster had concluded on Saturday +9 December 1536 there was a general dispersal of the gentlemen and +nobles who had been together for so long. The commons had already +gone home, rather disappointed that there had been no fighting, and +half-suspicious that they had been betrayed after all. Norfolk and +his colleagues set off for London to make their report to the King<a id='r104'></a><a href='#f104' class='c012'><sup>[104]</sup></a>. +Shrewsbury returned to Sheffield to keep an eye on the disaffected +region<a id='r105'></a><a href='#f105' class='c012'><sup>[105]</sup></a>. Suffolk, who had been petitioning for some time to be +recalled to court, dismissed all his men but five hundred to guard the +ordnance and prisoners, and went up to London<a id='r106'></a><a href='#f106' class='c012'><sup>[106]</sup></a>. The northern +gentlemen departed to their homes, where they endeavoured to keep +order and to adjust the disputes between the monks and the farmers +of the monasteries.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Some of the gentlemen, however, went south with Norfolk. +Marmaduke Nevill<a id='r107'></a><a href='#f107' class='c012'><sup>[107]</sup></a> asked the Duke’s leave before starting, and +was told that no leave was required<a id='r108'></a><a href='#f108' class='c012'><sup>[108]</sup></a>. These gentlemen rode south +in great spirits, telling everybody that they had obtained a pardon +and a parliament, and that they had set up all the abbeys again in +their country. In the parliament the pardon would be confirmed +and the Act of Uses repealed, for younger brothers would not have +it. Marmaduke Nevill visited the Abbot of St John’s at Colchester +on Saturday 16 December. The justices of the peace were dining +there, and one of them asked, “How do the traitors of the north?” +Nevill retorted with a catch phrase of the time, “No traitors, for if +ye call us traitors, we will call you heretics.” He said that the +answer of the King’s Council had been known at Pontefract before +Norfolk declared it at Doncaster, and that all the south had been +with the plain fellows of the north, but dared not speak their minds<a id='r109'></a><a href='#f109' class='c012'><sup>[109]</sup></a>. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_25'>25</span>His boasting was quickly put to silence. The justices reported his +words to Cromwell and on Twelfth Day [6 January 1536–7] he was +arrested by the Earl of Oxford and thrown into the Tower<a id='r110'></a><a href='#f110' class='c012'><sup>[110]</sup></a>. His +name is still to be seen there, the first of many such sorrowful +memorials which were to find place on its walls in the next few +months, but his fate is unknown.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On receiving a full account of the conference at Doncaster, the +King’s first care was to conceal the fact that he had received a check. +A report spread that the northern men had submitted unconditionally<a id='r111'></a><a href='#f111' class='c012'><sup>[111]</sup></a>. +On Friday 22 December the King, accompanied by the Queen +and the Imperial Ambassador, made a magnificent progress through +London to Greenwich, where he intended to keep a particularly +festive Christmas. “Such a sight has not been seen since the +Emperor was here. The streets were hanged with arras and cloth of +gold. Priests in their copes with crosses and censers stood on one +side, and the citizens on the other. It rejoiced every man wondrously.”<a id='r112'></a><a href='#f112' class='c012'><sup>[112]</sup></a> +The weather was so severe that the Thames was frozen, and the +procession went down to Greenwich on the ice<a id='r113'></a><a href='#f113' class='c012'><sup>[113]</sup></a>. The King’s daughters +had preceded him and were already established there<a id='r114'></a><a href='#f114' class='c012'><sup>[114]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Cromwell wrote to the English ambassadors in France on 24 +December that it was false that the nobles had been forced to come +to terms with the northern men because they distrusted their own +levies. The King’s soldiers were entirely loyal. The King had +consented to treat with the rebels only because of his merciful +disposition and kindly wish to avoid bloodshed. The rebellion was +now completely at an end. It was true that the rebels had at first +attempted to make conditions, but finally “they submitted entirely +to the King’s pleasure with the greatest repentance.”<a id='r115'></a><a href='#f115' class='c012'><sup>[115]</sup></a> On Christmas +Eve Latimer preached at Paul’s Cross, “moving to unity without +any special note of any man’s folly.”<a id='r116'></a><a href='#f116' class='c012'><sup>[116]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>When he came to review the situation, Henry found that it was +not very bad, but required caution. With regard to the monasteries, +he did not consider himself as bound in any way, but he wished to +create a good impression. Since March 1536, when the act for the +suppression was passed, exemptions from its operation had been +granted from time to time. From June to December 1536 eighteen +<span class='pageno' id='Page_26'>26</span>monasteries had been permitted to stand, the greatest number +exempted in any one month being six in August. It must be due +to something more than a coincidence that in January 1536–7 the +number of exemptions was seventeen<a id='r117'></a><a href='#f117' class='c012'><sup>[117]</sup></a>, only one less than the total +previously exempted in the course of seven months. There is an +undated list of 123 monasteries which were to be allowed to stand. +Of these twenty-four are in Yorkshire, twenty-four in Lincolnshire, +and not more than six in any other one county<a id='r118'></a><a href='#f118' class='c012'><sup>[118]</sup></a>. So great was +the uncertainty as to the King’s real intentions with regard to the +monasteries that in Norfolk and Somerset the commissioners for the +suppression suspended their work until they received further orders<a id='r119'></a><a href='#f119' class='c012'><sup>[119]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Although he was angry at being forced to make a definite promise, +Henry had no objection to holding a parliament. It was characteristic +of him that he was not in the least afraid of his parliaments, and +never doubted that he could do anything he liked with them. In +this case he was prepared to be even better than his word, for though +he had not promised to do so, he intended to hold the parliament +at York<a id='r120'></a><a href='#f120' class='c012'><sup>[120]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After Norfolk’s report had been laid before the King, a minute +was drawn up, containing suggestions for the settlement of the north. +It is undated, but probably belongs to the last days of 1536. There +was every intention of holding a parliament in the north, but as +“there remain persons who desire, either by Parliament or else by +another rebellion, to compass a change from their present state ... +means ought therefore to be devised for the maintenance of perfect +quiet in the future.” When the King went north, loyal noblemen +must be put in authority to keep the southern counties in order, +especially in certain counties where there was much disaffection<a id='r121'></a><a href='#f121' class='c012'><sup>[121]</sup></a>. +A mass of treasure must be raised, “as money is necessary for the +enterprises of princes and adds heart and courage in danger to all +men.” Garrisons must be planted in the disaffected regions, but “so +ordered as not to offend the people.” The King’s ordnance must be +reviewed and properly bestowed, and a supply of weapons of all sorts +must be laid in<a id='r122'></a><a href='#f122' class='c012'><sup>[122]</sup></a>. These were not very encouraging preparations for +holding a free parliament where every man should speak his mind +openly, though of course the King was justified in taking precautions +for his own safety and he can hardly be blamed for trusting the north +less than he pretended.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_27'>27</span>Henry soon hit upon a very ingenious scheme for introducing a +sufficient force into the north without exciting suspicion. He had +originally intended that Queen Jane should be crowned at Westminster +on the Sunday before the feast of All Hallows 1536, but +when the day came round the northern rebellion was at an acute +stage, and the King had neither money nor men to waste over +pageants. A convenient excuse for postponing the coronation was +supplied by the prevalence of the plague in London during the +autumn<a id='r123'></a><a href='#f123' class='c012'><sup>[123]</sup></a>. At Christmas, however, the King’s policy was to make +a lavish display of splendour and security, and he allowed it to be +known that not only would he himself travel to York to hold his +parliament, but the Queen would accompany him to be crowned in +York minster<a id='r124'></a><a href='#f124' class='c012'><sup>[124]</sup></a>. No one could object to such an honour being +conferred upon the city of York, while at the same time it gave +a good excuse for extensive military preparations, and for filling +the city with the King’s own men.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The only one of the concessions made at Doncaster which Henry +could not tolerate was the general pardon. The rising had been a +stain upon his honour which blood must cleanse. He had brought +himself to consent to certain limitations; he would be content with +a specified number of victims, and that number should be a small +one; if he could not have the leaders, he would be satisfied with vile +persons; but executions there must be, and he would not feel he had +done his duty as a king until someone had suffered.</p> + +<p class='c011'>His council advised that he should allure the northern gentlemen +into obedience by affability, and thereby “by little and little find out +the root of this matter”; also that those whose goods had been +spoiled should be encouraged to prosecute the robbers, “whereby +some offenders may yet be punished, and the beginners of the rebellion +detected.”<a id='r125'></a><a href='#f125' class='c012'><sup>[125]</sup></a> In the meanwhile there was no help for the general +pardon, and the heralds were accordingly sent out to proclaim it.</p> + +<p class='c011'>An inclusive pardon for all the rebellious districts, provided that +the inhabitants made submission to the Duke of Norfolk or the Earl +of Shrewsbury, was issued on 9 December, and an order was given +for separate pardons to be granted to applicants from the various +counties<a id='r126'></a><a href='#f126' class='c012'><sup>[126]</sup></a>. Suffolk had already received the pardon for Hull, Marshland, +Howden, Holderness, Beverley and the East Riding<a id='r127'></a><a href='#f127' class='c012'><sup>[127]</sup></a>. It was at first +<span class='pageno' id='Page_28'>28</span>proposed that Thomas Hawley, Clarencieux King-of-Arms, should +carry the pardon to the North Riding, Richmond, Durham and +Northumberland, while Thomas Miller, Lancaster Herald, should take +it to the West Riding, Lancashire, Westmorland and Cumberland. +But as the former was considered the more dangerous mission, it was +finally assigned to Lancaster Herald, who had acquitted himself so +well before among the rebels. This was a slight which Clarencieux +King-of-Arms never forgave<a id='r128'></a><a href='#f128' class='c012'><sup>[128]</sup></a>, and the effect of his resentment will +be apparent later<a id='r129'></a><a href='#f129' class='c012'><sup>[129]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Clarencieux King-of-Arms proclaimed the pardon at Wakefield +on Tuesday<a id='r130'></a><a href='#f130' class='c012'><sup>[130]</sup></a> 12 December, at Halifax on Wednesday 13 December, +at Bradford on Thursday 14th, at Leeds on Friday 15th, at Skipton +on Saturday 16th, at Kendal on Tuesday 19th. His doings at +Kendal have already been described. He was at Appleby on +Wednesday 20 December, at Penrith on Thursday 21st, at Carlisle +on Saturday 23rd, and Cockermouth on Tuesday 26th, and at +Lancaster on Sunday 31st, whence he sent back his report<a id='r131'></a><a href='#f131' class='c012'><sup>[131]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lancaster Herald wrote from Berwick on Tuesday 26 December +that he had proclaimed the pardon at York, Ripon, Middleham, +Barnard Castle, Richmond, Durham, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Morpeth, +Alnwick and Berwick. He found the commons everywhere very +repentant and eager for the coming of the Duke of Norfolk, but the +spiritualty were most corrupted and malicious, and the originators of +all the mischief<a id='r132'></a><a href='#f132' class='c012'><sup>[132]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It was no wonder that the spiritualty were offended by the +pardon, which ran as follows:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Albeit that you the King’s Highness’ subjects and commons dwelling and +inhabiting in the shires of York, Cumberland, Westmorland, Northumberland, +the Bishopric of Durham, the city of York and the shire of the same, the town of +Kingston-upon-Hull and the shire of the same, the town of Newcastle-upon-Tyne +and the shire of the same, and in other shires, towns, dales, places privileged, the +franchises and liberties within the limits of the said shires, cities, towns, or any +of them or being reputed or taken for any part, parcel or number of any of them +and such other the King’s said subjects inhabited in the town of Lancaster or +elsewhere by north in the shire of Lancaster have now of late attempted and +committed a manifest and open rebellion against his most royal majesty, whereby +was like to have ensued the utter ruin and destruction of these whole countries, +to the great comfort and advancement of your ancient enemies the Scots, which +as his Highness is credibly informed do with a great readiness watch upon the +same, and to the high displeasure of God, Who straitly commandeth you to obey +your sovereign lord and king in all things and not with violence to resist his will +<span class='pageno' id='Page_29'>29</span>or commandment for any cause whatsoever it be: Nevertheless the King’s royal +majesty perceiving as well by the articles of your pretences sent to his Highness +as also duly informed by credible reports your said offences proceeded of ignorance +and by occasion of sundry false tales never minded or intended by his Highness +or any of his council but most craftily contrived and most spitefully set abroad +amongst you by certain malicious and perverse persons, and thereupon his +Highness inclined to extend his most gracious pity and mercy towards you, +having the chief charge of you under God both of your souls and bodies, and +desiring rather the preservation of the same and your reconciliation by his +merciful means than by the order and rigour of justice to punish you according +to your demerits, of his inestimable goodness, benignance, mercy, and pity, and +at your most humble petitions and submissions made unto his Highness, he is +contented and pleased to give and grant and by this present proclamation doth +give and grant unto you all and to all and every your confederates wheresoever +they dwell, of whatsoever estate, degree, or condition so ever you or they be, or +by what name or names so ever they or you be or may be called, his general and +free pardon for all manner treason, rebellions, insurrections, misprisions of treason, +murders, robberies, felons, and of all accessories of the same and of every of +them, unlawful assemblies, unlawful conventicles, unlawful speaking of words, +confederacies, riots, routs, and all other trespasses, offences and contempts done +and committed by you or any of you against the King’s Majesty, his crown or +dignity royal, within and from the time of the beginning of the said rebellion +whensoever it was unto the present day of proclaiming of this proclamation, and +of all pains, judgments, executions of death and all other penalties, forfeitures, +fines and forfeitures of lands, tenements, hereditaments, goods or chattels, by any +of your forfeitures incurred by reason of the premisses or any of them; which +fines, forfeitures, lands, tenements, hereditaments, goods and chattels, the King’s +said Highness of his special grace and mere motion by these presents giveth to +such of you as have or should have forfeited or lost the same by occasion of the +premisses or any of them: And also his Highness is pleased and contented that +you and every of you from time to time shall and may have upon your suits to +be made hereafter in his Chancery his said most gracious and free pardon under +his Great Seal concerning the premisses, without any further bill or warrant +to be obtained for the same, and without paying any thing for the Great Seal +thereof: And that you and every of you, from time to time, may freely and +liberally sue for his said pardon when and as often as it shall like you, without +any trouble, vexation or impeachment for the premisses or any of them by his +heirs or by any his officiaries, ministers, or subjects, by any manner of means or +in any manner of wise. Provided always that you and every of you in token of +a perfect declaration and knowledge that ye do heartily lament and be sorry for +your said offences, shall make your humble submission unto his Highness in the +presence of his right trusty and right entirely beloved cousins and councillors +the Duke of Norfolk and the Earl of Shrewsbury, his Lieutenants General, or +any of them, or to their deputy or deputies of them, or any of them, or such +other person or persons as the King’s Highness shall appoint for the same: +Furthermore, the King’s most royal Majesty straitly chargeth and commandeth +that you and every of you shall from henceforth like true and faithful subjects +use yourselves, in God’s peace and his, according to the duties of allegiance, and +that you shall in no wise hereafter attempt to make or procure any such rebellion, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_30'>30</span>intent, unlawful assemblies, riots, routs and conspirations, nor at the commandment +nor by the authority of any person of what estate or degree or for what +cause so ever it be, shall arise in any forcible manner and array, unless it be at +the special commandment of the King’s Highness or his Lieutenant sufficiently +authorised for the same.</p> + +<p class='c013'>In witness whereof the King’s most royal Majesty hath caused this his +proclamation to be made patent and sealed with his Great Seal at Richmond the +IX day of December in the XXVIII year of his reign.”<a id='r133'></a><a href='#f133' class='c012'><sup>[133]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry was so much accustomed to scolding his subjects and +praising himself in his public documents that the pardon would +appear, to those who were used to his ways, to be rather a moderate +production, but it was very aggravating to the independent spirit of +the northern men, and in addition to its irritating tone there were +special points in it which must have been deliberately provocative. +The King referred once more to the “false tales” as the causes of the +insurrection, in spite of the Pilgrims’ repeated endeavours to set him +right on that point. He insisted that he had “the chief charge of +you under God, both of your souls and bodies,” although that was the +main point at issue. Finally the proclamation was not an actual +pardon, but merely the promise of a pardon when each individual +Pilgrim had first made his submission to the King’s lieutenants, +who had not yet even set out for the north, and had secondly sued +out his private pardon in Chancery. It is difficult to know how far +this phraseology is to be taken literally. The King cannot have +expected all the inhabitants of the north to make a journey up to +London for their private pardons. For the greater number the +proclamation would have to be sufficient; but its wording was so +vague as to throw a disagreeable doubt upon its validity. Consequently +while the King thought the pardon far too liberal, the commons were +by no means satisfied with it. Lancaster Herald did not dare to read +the proclamation as it stood at Durham. He was reported to have +read the pardon one way in the city of Durham and another way in +the loyal town of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. When this was known in +Durham the citizens were so angry that they attacked the Herald on +his return, and he had great difficulty in escaping from them<a id='r134'></a><a href='#f134' class='c012'><sup>[134]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Sunday 31 December the parishioners of Kendal declared +that the priest must bid the beads in the old way, praying for the +Pope and the cardinals. Collins brought the King’s pardon to show +them, and Bricket, one of the King’s servants, warned them that if +<span class='pageno' id='Page_31'>31</span>they were to enjoy the pardon they must keep the peace, but they +cried, “Down, carle, thou art false to the commons,” and one of them, +William Harrison, declared that he cared for no pardons. Collins +was obliged to retreat, and left the pardons in the vestry. Parson +Layborne persuaded the congregation to let the priest bid the beads +as he would until the coming of the Duke of Norfolk. Collins +summoned two justices of the peace to punish the ringleaders, but +one magistrate was out of the country, and the other could only do +his best with words<a id='r135'></a><a href='#f135' class='c012'><sup>[135]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In the East Riding the pardon was also received grudgingly. +Hallam said that they had liever have had some of their petitions +granted<a id='r136'></a><a href='#f136' class='c012'><sup>[136]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The division between the commons and the gentlemen became +greater, because the gentlemen based their hopes on the coming +parliament, but the commons, having no concern in the parliament, +did not feel much interest in it. They did not care about the +constitutional point, and wanted the King to reverse the statutes +which they disliked on his own authority. All were united, however, +in an eager expectation of the Duke of Norfolk’s coming. In spite of +their experience in the case of Ellerker and Bowes, they still hoped +that he would come very soon, perhaps immediately after Christmas, +to bring the King’s reply to their petitions and to announce the date +and place of the new parliament<a id='r137'></a><a href='#f137' class='c012'><sup>[137]</sup></a>. But now that Norfolk had returned +to court, he was in no hurry to set out again, and Henry was in no +hurry to despatch him. The King had begun a very difficult game. +Nothing would suit him better than a slight rising among the +commons, one which could easily be suppressed and yet would give +him an excuse for repudiating the terms granted at Doncaster. Yet +if he went too far, and allowed distrust to grow too rapidly, the next +rising might be as formidable as the last had been, and in that case +it would be much less easily suppressed. Henry quickly discovered +the solution of the problem. The lower classes without leaders were +not formidable. The insurrections which they raised by themselves +collapsed at the first opposition. The King’s plan, therefore, was +to detach the gentlemen, to win them over to his side, if possible, or +at any rate to entertain them with hope and fair words until the +commons were provoked into calling them traitors and rose without +them.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The best opportunity for this policy was immediately after the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_32'>32</span>conference at Doncaster, as from 9 December until the beginning +of January, in spite of some grumbling and rioting, the north was +fairly quiet in the expectation of the Duke’s coming. But the +departure of the gentlemen who travelled south to sue their pardons +alarmed the commons and caused rumours and threats of a new +rising<a id='r138'></a><a href='#f138' class='c012'><sup>[138]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Friday 15 December Henry made his most skilful move. +Peter Mewtas, a gentleman of the Privy Chamber, was despatched +to Robert Aske, with a letter from the King. Henry wrote that, as +he had granted a free pardon to Aske, he had conceived a great +desire to speak with him, and therefore summoned him to come up +to court, where he trusted that by frankness Aske would deserve +reward. A safe-conduct was enclosed, from the date until Twelfth +Day, 6 January 1536–7. Aske was instructed not to inform anyone +of the summons<a id='r139'></a><a href='#f139' class='c012'><sup>[139]</sup></a>. The King’s object in enjoining that the visit +to court must be secret was to inspire the other leaders of rebellion +with fear and suspicion of Aske. If he disappeared from the north +and was next heard of in London, everyone would conclude that he +had gone up to turn King’s evidence. His credit would be destroyed, +and the other gentlemen, trembling for their lives, might be induced +to turn traitors in fact. Simple-minded as he was, Aske was not +quite so foolish as to fall into this trap. He had been living in his +old home at Aughton since the conference at Doncaster<a id='r140'></a><a href='#f140' class='c012'><sup>[140]</sup></a>, and did not +receive the King’s messenger until after 18 December<a id='r141'></a><a href='#f141' class='c012'><sup>[141]</sup></a>, for travelling +must have been slow in that bitter winter. When the letter arrived +Aske sent his brother-in-law William Monketon to Lord Darcy with +a copy of it, and a message that he intended to go, and that he +begged Darcy to keep the country in order while he was away. +After despatching the messenger he set out for London, accompanied +by six servants, without waiting for an answer from Darcy. When +Aske returned to the North, Monketon told him that Darcy said “he +did well to venture, seeing that he had the King’s letter therefor.”<a id='r142'></a><a href='#f142' class='c012'><sup>[142]</sup></a> +Darcy was afterwards accused of having counselled Aske to take six +servants and to leave one at Lincoln, another at Huntingdon, another +at Ware, and to lodge the rest in different parts of London, so that if +the King attempted any treachery they might bring back news to +Darcy, who would come to his rescue<a id='r143'></a><a href='#f143' class='c012'><sup>[143]</sup></a>. Aske never received any +<span class='pageno' id='Page_33'>33</span>such message<a id='r144'></a><a href='#f144' class='c012'><sup>[144]</sup></a>, and the story in its elaborated form must be untrue<a id='r145'></a><a href='#f145' class='c012'><sup>[145]</sup></a>, +but it sounds as if it might have had some foundation in Darcy’s +impetuous form of humour. If Monketon hinted that he feared Aske +was really on his way to the Tower, Darcy may have exclaimed, “If +he is in any doubt, let him lay posts along the road to bring me early +news, and I will come and fetch him out myself,”—or words to that +effect. He might easily make a hasty remark of that nature, without +the smallest idea that anyone would take it seriously, but +Henry, like all despots, was extremely suspicious of a joke. Without +any such precautions, therefore, Aske rode up to London about +Christmas time.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry summoned Sir Thomas Wharton to court, but he excused +himself<a id='r146'></a><a href='#f146' class='c012'><sup>[146]</sup></a>. Bishop Tunstall, who was still at Norham, was also +summoned. The letter, despatched on 24 December, did not reach +him until 4 January, and he replied that he dared not attempt +the journey through the disaffected region<a id='r147'></a><a href='#f147' class='c012'><sup>[147]</sup></a>. Sir George Darcy and +Sir Nicholas Fairfax went up on their own account at Christmas, +the former carrying messages from the Earl of Northumberland<a id='r148'></a><a href='#f148' class='c012'><sup>[148]</sup></a>. +Archdeacon Magnus, who had been with Archbishop Lee since the +beginning of the rising, went to the Earl of Shrewsbury and thence to +London as early as 13 December<a id='r149'></a><a href='#f149' class='c012'><sup>[149]</sup></a>. Sir Oswald Wolsthrope and +Sir Ralph Ellerker had gone up to London, as well as Sir Ralph +Evers, who held Scarborough so long<a id='r150'></a><a href='#f150' class='c012'><sup>[150]</sup></a>; Lord Latimer set out, but was +turned back by an order from the King<a id='r151'></a><a href='#f151' class='c012'><sup>[151]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The news that so many had gone up to court gave rise to +rumours. The commons said that the only object of the conference +at Doncaster and the “counselling above” was to betray them, and +that they would trust the gentlemen no more<a id='r152'></a><a href='#f152' class='c012'><sup>[152]</sup></a>. This was the result +which the King wished to obtain, and he took no trouble to conciliate +the lower ranks of the Pilgrims.</p> + +<p class='c011'>His Council had determined that a mass of treasure must be +accumulated. To achieve this, the King’s rents and taxes must be +collected<a id='r153'></a><a href='#f153' class='c012'><sup>[153]</sup></a>. The collection was not contrary to the agreement at +Doncaster. The gentlemen had declared there, perhaps over hastily, +that the King’s money was ready for his Highness<a id='r154'></a><a href='#f154' class='c012'><sup>[154]</sup></a>. But considering +the state of the country it would have been wiser to defer the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_34'>34</span>collection for a time, if the King’s object had really been peace. The +servants of John Gostwick, the treasurer of the tenths and first +fruits, went north to collect the King’s rents immediately after the +conference at Doncaster<a id='r155'></a><a href='#f155' class='c012'><sup>[155]</sup></a>. They were accompanied by Sir George +Lawson the treasurer of Berwick, who had himself been involved in +the rebellion<a id='r156'></a><a href='#f156' class='c012'><sup>[156]</sup></a>. At Templehurst, Doncaster, Wakefield, and Sheriffhutton +the rents were paid quietly, but as the King’s servants went +further north they began to encounter opposition<a id='r157'></a><a href='#f157' class='c012'><sup>[157]</sup></a>. On Christmas +Eve Lawson reported to Gostwick from Barnard Castle that it was +impossible to induce anyone to pay at present in those parts. They all +said that they had been ruined by the late disturbances. At Barnard +Castle the tenants had demanded respite until twenty days after +Christmas, and at Bishop Middleham until a week before Candlemas +(2 February), and he could make no better terms. He himself and +some other friends were advancing the money to pay the garrison +at Berwick, whither he was going, while Gostwick’s servants were +returning to Lawson’s house at York to wait until the appointed time +for the new collection<a id='r158'></a><a href='#f158' class='c012'><sup>[158]</sup></a>. One of the servants, Thomas Ley, wrote +to Gostwick from York, confirming Lawson’s report. He added that +at Middleham Lord Conyers had rather hindered than helped them<a id='r159'></a><a href='#f159' class='c012'><sup>[159]</sup></a>. +Lawson on the contrary said that Lord Conyers had done his best for +them<a id='r160'></a><a href='#f160' class='c012'><sup>[160]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The tenth from the clergy fell due at Christmas. The thought of +it had been weighing on Archbishop Lee’s mind for some time; he +requested that Norfolk should be consulted about it at Doncaster<a id='r161'></a><a href='#f161' class='c012'><sup>[161]</sup></a>. +About 31 December he received orders from the King that the tenth +must be collected. As Lee felt sure that this would create disturbances +he wrote on 5 January 1536–7 to consult Darcy<a id='r162'></a><a href='#f162' class='c012'><sup>[162]</sup></a>, who +advised him to lay the matter before Shrewsbury. Darcy warned +Shrewsbury on 7 January that it would be very dangerous to levy +the tenth north of Doncaster and begged him to make the King +understand this<a id='r163'></a><a href='#f163' class='c012'><sup>[163]</sup></a>. Shrewsbury forwarded the letters to Henry on +9 January, with his own advice that the collection should be foreborne +for the time<a id='r164'></a><a href='#f164' class='c012'><sup>[164]</sup></a>, but he wrote to Lee on the same day that he dared not +counsel him to delay, as he had had express commands to begin +it, and if the King changed his mind he would soon be informed<a id='r165'></a><a href='#f165' class='c012'><sup>[165]</sup></a>. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_35'>35</span>Henry’s reply was to have been a peremptory order to carry on the +collection; but though there is an undated draft of it, the order was +probably never sent, as before it could be despatched the situation +had changed<a id='r166'></a><a href='#f166' class='c012'><sup>[166]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Other measures were taken which increased the irritation of the +lower classes. Preachers were sent to the north to expound the +King’s orthodoxy and to represent the enormity of rebellion to their +congregations, and tracts on the same subjects were circulated<a id='r167'></a><a href='#f167' class='c012'><sup>[167]</sup></a>. +The King’s reply to the first five articles<a id='r168'></a><a href='#f168' class='c012'><sup>[168]</sup></a> was printed and sent to +the north. This step may have been due partly to the King’s +natural partiality for his own writing, partly to a deliberate intention +of exasperating the people. The reply was extremely provocative. +Even at the present day the reader of it longs to argue with the +King. The Council had seen how unsuitable it was for publication +when it was first written, and with great difficulty had persuaded +the King to withhold it. When it was at length issued, the +effect was even more aggravating than it would originally have +been, for the circumstances in which the reply had been drawn up +had all changed, and the reply was no longer applicable to the +situation. Both the beginning and the end of the reply referred to +the earlier state of affairs. It was absurd to complain that the terms +of the articles were “so general that hard they be to be answered,” +when a detailed list of grievances had been drawn up and sent to the +King, and it was very alarming to find the King still insisting that the +ringleaders must be given up before he would think of a pardon, when +a general pardon had just been proclaimed<a id='r169'></a><a href='#f169' class='c012'><sup>[169]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Pilgrims believed that they had won their object; the King’s +reply showed that they had lost it. In the very first clause the +King spoke once again of the “light tales”; this always annoyed his +opponents. They might ask, was it a light tale that the monasteries +were being suppressed? Was it a light tale that the Pope’s name +was omitted from the service and the King’s substituted? The +King proceeded to outrage the feelings of the conservatives still +further by asking, when they spoke of the maintenance of the Church, +what Church they meant? The very idea that there could be more +than one Church was a horrible innovation. The King went on to +talk about his own Church, of which he was the Supreme Head, and +to declare that this was an affair in which the commons had no +right to interfere. He implies that as they had nothing to do with +<span class='pageno' id='Page_36'>36</span>the government of the Church in the Pope’s days, so they had +nothing to do with it now. Their part was to believe its doctrines +and bow to its authority, whoever wielded it. But if a layman +might be Supreme Head of the Church, it seemed only reasonable +that other laymen might express their opinion on the subject, +especially as many of them believed the choice between King and +Pope so vital as to affect their eternal welfare.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King’s defence of his Council was mere quibbling. Norfolk, +Exeter and Sandys might be nominal members of the Privy Council, +but their advice was never followed, and the King’s policy was +determined by their chief enemy, Thomas Cromwell. Although the +King boasted that the rest of his realm was loyal, the northern +men had good reason to believe that a great part of the south +sympathised with them. This was afterwards admitted by Henry’s +panegyrist William Thomas, who said that the King was forced to +treat with the rebels because he had such difficulty in mustering +troops<a id='r170'></a><a href='#f170' class='c012'><sup>[170]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>While the King was goading the commons to further rebellion, he +was drugging the gentlemen with gracious promises. Aske was most +flatteringly received at court. The Spanish Chronicler gives an +account of his reception which, though unreliable in details, represents +the King’s general attitude in a picturesque manner:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“When he [Aske] arrived where the King was, as soon as the King saw him +he rose up, and throwing his arms around him said aloud that all might hear: +‘Be ye welcome, my good Aske; it is my wish that here, before my Council, you +ask what you desire and I will grant it.’ Aske answered, ‘Sir, your Majesty +allows yourself to be governed by a tyrant named Cromwell. Everyone knows if +it had not been for him the seven thousand poor priests I have in my company +would not be ruined wanderers as they are now. They must have enough to +live upon, for they have no handicraft.’ Then the King with a smiling face and +words full of falseness, took from his neck a great chain of gold, which he had put +on for the purpose, and threw it round Aske’s neck, saying to him: ‘I promise +thee, thou art wiser than anyone thinks, and from this day forward I make thee +one of my Council.’ And then on the spot he ordered a thousand pounds sterling +to be given to him, and promised him the same amount every year as long as he +lived.</p> + +<p class='c013'>“The unhappy Aske, carried away with the chain and the thousand pounds +and grant of annual income, was quite won over, and the King said to him, +‘Now return to the north, and get your people to disperse and go to their houses, +and I will grant a general pardon for all. In order that the priests may have +enough to live upon I will divide them among the parish churches and give them +an allowance. Let them come at once, that this may be done. I order that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_37'>37</span>in York each of the parishes shall take two of these priests, and give them £10 a +year to live upon, but the others I will divide amongst all the towns and villages.’ +When Aske saw the good tidings he had to take back he determined to return at +once; and the King ordered that after all was pacified he should come to court, +and he promised to make him one of his Council.”<a id='r171'></a><a href='#f171' class='c012'><sup>[171]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>It will be noticed that the Spaniard misses the point with respect +to the monks, and greatly exaggerates the King’s gifts. Yet he +preserves correctly the spirit of the interview. The King gave Aske +“a jacket of crimson satin,”<a id='r172'></a><a href='#f172' class='c012'><sup>[172]</sup></a> and requested him to write an account +of his part in the Pilgrimage. Aske drew up a full narrative of all +that he had done since the beginning of October. This narrative, to +which we have so often referred, is the first and best history of the +Pilgrimage. In it we see clearly mirrored Aske’s character and +views, and it also shows the King’s flattering attitude towards him +while he was at Court. Aske evidently believed that he could speak +very plainly to the King without giving offence, and, with the +standing explanation that he was “only declaring the hearts of the +people,” he spoke out with a bluntness which must have been an +unusual experience to Henry. He did not hesitate to say that if +Cromwell remained in favour there would be danger of more rebellions +“which will be very dangerous to your Grace’s person.”<a id='r173'></a><a href='#f173' class='c012'><sup>[173]</sup></a> The +King professed himself to be so much pleased by this frankness that +he gave him “a token of pardon for confessing the truth.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>There was no difficulty in persuading Aske that the King had not +known the real state of affairs in the north, and that now his eyes +were opened all would go well. Cromwell, indeed, either could not +win Aske over, or did not consider him worth winning. He said that +all northern men were traitors, which Aske resented, and his hostility +to Norfolk was very evident<a id='r174'></a><a href='#f174' class='c012'><sup>[174]</sup></a>. Henry, however, convinced Aske of +his good will. He declared that he fully pardoned all the north, that +he intended to hold the parliament at York, where the Queen should +be crowned, that there should be complete freedom of election, and +that convocation should be held at the same time, at which the +spiritualty should “have liberty to declare their learning.”<a id='r175'></a><a href='#f175' class='c012'><sup>[175]</sup></a> The free +parliament was the chief object for which Aske had been labouring, +and it seemed as if that object was now within reach.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On one point, however, he was disillusioned. He discovered that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_38'>38</span>the King did not mean to give his consent to the temporary restoration +of the monasteries. The only evidence on this point is very +slight. When Aske was arrested a letter was found in his possession +written to him by his sister Dorothy Green. According to his +accusers it appeared from this letter that Aske had written to +Dorothy’s husband Richard Green that the King would not be as +good as he promised concerning the Church and the abbeys. Dorothy +Green’s letter has not been found, and Aske’s alleged letter to Richard +Green was never produced; consequently it is impossible to know +how much Aske really learned about the King’s intentions<a id='r176'></a><a href='#f176' class='c012'><sup>[176]</sup></a>. His +first impulse, on learning some part of the truth, must have been +to send north the news that the King would not confirm the order +for the monks which had been made at Doncaster; but he was +convinced by the King’s professions of goodwill, and believed that +if only there were peace in the north until the parliament met, the +Pilgrims might still be successful without bloodshed. Nothing was +more likely to provoke a serious outbreak than the repudiation of the +terms made for the monasteries, and it may be assumed that these +considerations weighed with Aske so much that he was silent about +the King’s determination.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The situation of the monks was a very uneasy one, even without +knowledge of the King’s intentions. They were apt to be bullied by +their own champions. William Aclom had carried off “two trussing +bedsteads” at the sack of Leonard Beckwith’s house, and had deposited +them at the Priory of the Holy Trinity at York. He wrote to +the Prior on 12 December: “Mr Prior, I marvel at your doubleness, +which is a great vice in a religious man, touching a bed of Beckwith’s +you promised to send to me. I think you reckon our journey in +vain. Send it or I will do you further displeasure.”<a id='r177'></a><a href='#f177' class='c012'><sup>[177]</sup></a> The Abbot of +Jervaux lost thirty wethers during the rebellion and appealed to one +of the rebels named Edward Middleton, a hunter, to “find” them. +It was probably a case of “no questions asked, upon my honour.”<a id='r178'></a><a href='#f178' class='c012'><sup>[178]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The monastery of Tynemouth was harried; the mutilation of a +letter leaves it doubtful by whom<a id='r179'></a><a href='#f179' class='c012'><sup>[179]</sup></a>; but perhaps the loyal burgesses +of Newcastle had some hand in it, for they had long been at feud +with the Priory<a id='r180'></a><a href='#f180' class='c012'><sup>[180]</sup></a>. The monks had no prior at the time. They +appealed for protection to Darcy, who recommended them to Sir +Thomas Hilton<a id='r181'></a><a href='#f181' class='c012'><sup>[181]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_39'>39</span>Some monks suspected that after Doncaster there was little hope +for the success of the Pilgrimage. Dan Ralph Swensune, a monk +of Lenton Abbey, Notts., said at Christmas time,</p> + +<p class='c013'>“In the misericorde while sitting by the fire on a form ... ‘I hear say that the +King has taken peace with the commonty till after Christmas, but if they have +done so it is alms to hang them up, for they may well know that he that will not +keep no promise with God Himself but pulls down His churches, he will not keep +promise with them; but if they had gone forth onward up and stricken off his +head then had they done well, for I warrant them if he can overcome them he will +do so by them.’ ‘Peace,’ said the sub-prior, ‘you rail you wot not whereof.’ +‘Nay,’ said he, ‘I say as it will be.’ ‘Peace,’ said the sub-prior, ‘In the virtue +of obedience I command you speak no more at this time.’”<a id='r182'></a><a href='#f182' class='c012'><sup>[182]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>A certain Dan Robert Castelforth had begged Aske to help him +to the priorship of Blyth in Nottingham. On 12 December he wrote +to ask for his letters back again, which was a very prudent measure, +unfortunately defeated by the fact that this letter was preserved<a id='r183'></a><a href='#f183' class='c012'><sup>[183]</sup></a>. +The Abbot of St Mary’s, York, on 18 January, did his best to +make his peace with Cromwell by sending him a gift and abject +apologies for the part that he had taken in the rising, which, as +he said, had been forced upon him by the commons<a id='r184'></a><a href='#f184' class='c012'><sup>[184]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The less cautious religious were induced to go back to their houses. +Reference has already been made to the cases of Conishead, Cartmell, +and the Friars Observant of Newcastle-upon-Tyne<a id='r185'></a><a href='#f185' class='c012'><sup>[185]</sup></a>. The Abbot and +monks of Sawley had been restored and were living on the alms of +their neighbours. Nicholas Tempest sent them a fat ox, a mutton +and two or three geese, and others also contributed<a id='r186'></a><a href='#f186' class='c012'><sup>[186]</sup></a>. A little before +Christmas the Abbot sent a request to Sir Stephen Hamerton that +he would write to Robert Aske to know what should become of the +house. The first messenger returned without an answer, Aske being +in London. A second man, George Shuttleworth, was sent, and +returned with the required letter. The Abbot despatched him with +it to Aughton, as Aske had now returned. Aske knew by this time +that the King was not going to allow the monasteries to stand and +therefore advised the Abbot to submit to any man who came to him +in the King’s name and to keep the commons quiet<a id='r187'></a><a href='#f187' class='c012'><sup>[187]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Several of the greater monasteries, though not yet dissolved, had +been thrown into confusion by the fact that the abbot or prior had +been deprived, and the house was left either without a head, or with +<span class='pageno' id='Page_40'>40</span>one who was a mere creature of Cromwell’s. Tynemouth was without +a prior. The Prior of Watton had fled to London, greatly to the +indignation of the monks and the neighbouring commons<a id='r188'></a><a href='#f188' class='c012'><sup>[188]</sup></a>. In +February 1535–6 the visitors of the monasteries had induced James +Cockerell, the Prior of Guisborough, to resign<a id='r189'></a><a href='#f189' class='c012'><sup>[189]</sup></a>. They appointed +in his place Robert Sylvester alias Pursglove, who was “meet and +apt both for the King’s honour and the discharge of your [Cromwell’s] +conscience, and also profitable.” James Cockerell, however, had +provision made for him on his retirement, including a mansion called +“the Bishop’s Place” in Guisborough<a id='r190'></a><a href='#f190' class='c012'><sup>[190]</sup></a>. With a new prior of this +temper and with the old prior still living in the neighbourhood it +was not surprising that the internal affairs of the monastery did not +go smoothly, and twice in the course of the rebellion Sir John Bulmer, +as steward of the Priory, was called in to mediate. The second time +it was the new prior who appealed to him, from which it may be +inferred that Sir John strove to keep the peace and did not favour +the monks unduly<a id='r191'></a><a href='#f191' class='c012'><sup>[191]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Although the Pilgrimage had been undertaken on behalf of the +monks, the secular clergy had been the moving spirits in it, and their +ardour had not yet cooled. On 12 December 1536 Dakyn wrote to +William Tristram, the chantry priest of Lartington, to rebuke him +for being over-zealous in bearing arms, collecting money, and urging +his parishioners to fight<a id='r192'></a><a href='#f192' class='c012'><sup>[192]</sup></a>. Lancaster Herald reported on 26 December +that the spiritualty of the north were “most corrupted and malicious ... +inward and part outward,”<a id='r193'></a><a href='#f193' class='c012'><sup>[193]</sup></a> and on 22 January 1536–7 Sir William +Fairfax wrote to Cromwell accusing all the clergy of the north, both +regular and secular:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“The houses of religion not suppressed make friends and wag the poor to +stick hard in this opinion, and the monks who were suppressed inhabit the +villages round their houses and daily wag the people to put them in again. These +two sorts hath no small number in their favours, arguing and speaking. The +head tenants of abbots, bishops and prebendaries have greater familiarity with +their landlords than they used to have. None are more busy to stir the people +than the chief tenants of commandry lands of Saint John of Jerusalem. Where +the archbishop, bishops, abbots and spiritual persons have rule the people are +most ready at a call. The insurrection in Lincolnshire began at Louth, the +Bishop of Lincoln’s town, next at Howden, Yorks, the Bishop of Durham’s town, +Sir Robert Constable, a virtuous pilgrim of grace, there being steward, and then +at Beverley, the Archbishop of York’s town, York being worst of all.... The King +<span class='pageno' id='Page_41'>41</span>should command his lord deputy to put out the rulers made by spiritual men, +for their bailiffs are brought up from childhood with priests, and are malicious +in their quarrels.”<a id='r194'></a><a href='#f194' class='c012'><sup>[194]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The dean and canons of York were supposed to be laying in a store +of weapons<a id='r195'></a><a href='#f195' class='c012'><sup>[195]</sup></a>. At Kendal on 28 January there was a tumult in the +church at the bidding of beads; Sir Walter Brown “second curate,” +said, “Commons, I will bid the beads as ye will have me,” and +prayed for the Pope and the cardinals<a id='r196'></a><a href='#f196' class='c012'><sup>[196]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It was very difficult for Darcy and the other gentlemen to control +this ferment, and the difficulty was increased by the behaviour of +some of the gentlemen.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Since Sir Thomas Percy had gone to Northumberland, the whole +country had been plunged in disorder. “The Percys and their friends +and the Grays and their friends take contrary parts and make contrary +proclamations who shall be sheriff.”<a id='r197'></a><a href='#f197' class='c012'><sup>[197]</sup></a> Thomas Gray, Darcy’s nephew, +who represented him at Bamborough, sent word to him that twenty-four +score ploughs were laid down in Northumberland on account +of the raids made by the mosstroopers of Tynedale and Reedsdale; +“the most part of Northumberland is broken amongst themselves, and +open forays made by Sir Ingram Percy and others against the Grays.”<a id='r198'></a><a href='#f198' class='c012'><sup>[198]</sup></a> +Darcy sent this news to Norfolk on 15 December 1536<a id='r199'></a><a href='#f199' class='c012'><sup>[199]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Before the appointment Sir Thomas Percy was living at his castle +of Prudhoe on the Tyne, “where the most noted offenders of Tynedale +and Hexhamshire resorted to him, especially John Heron of Chipchase, +Edward Charleton, Cuddy Charleton, Geffray Robson, Anthony +Errington and others.” Sir Thomas, however, was not very often +at Prudhoe, as he was continually riding about the country. He +acted as lieutenant of the Middle Marches, although he had received +no authority, and in this capacity summoned a great meeting at +Rothbury for the redress of spoils and the establishment of Tynedale +and Reedsdale. The aggrieved royalists complained that nothing was +done except the proclamation of a peace for twenty days, which was +not observed, and the administration of the Pilgrims’ oath to all the +gentlemen who had not taken it before at Alnwick. In addition +to this Sir Thomas proclaimed that anyone who captured a Carnaby +or a follower of the Carnabys should have the prisoner’s goods. At +Hexham market he demanded of the people “what help he might +have in the quarrel of the commons.” As lieutenant of the Middle +Marches he attempted to hold the “warden’s day” with the Scots, but +<span class='pageno' id='Page_42'>42</span>they refused to meet him as he had no authority. On this occasion he +spent the night with John Heron at Harbottle Castle, and then rode +to join his brother Sir Ingram at Alnwick. Sir Ingram was very +anxious as to the result of the conference at Doncaster, for it was +only too clear that the private interests of the brothers were a matter +of very little concern to the commons, while their removal was a great +object with the King. “In the chapel at Alnwick” he confided his +fears to Sir Thomas. If the King came to an agreement with the +commons it could do the Percys no good. Sir Thomas reassured him +as well as he could. The leaders had promised to grant nothing +without sending him information, and they would never consent +to any terms but a general pardon,—“wherefore let us do that we +think to do whiles we may, and that betimes.”<a id='r200'></a><a href='#f200' class='c012'><sup>[200]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>In Cumberland the feud between the Dacres and the Cliffords +broke out again, though affairs were not so bad as in Northumberland. +Lord Clifford, Cumberland’s eldest son, was still in Carlisle, but Lord +Dacre had gone up to London some time before. On Saturday +9 December, the last day of the conference at Doncaster, Richard +Dacre, coming to Carlisle with a company of Lord Dacre’s tenants, +met Lord Clifford at the church door “and looked upon him with +a haut and proud countenance, not moving his bonnet.” In the +churchyard he encountered Sir William Musgrave. “Without speaking +one word,” Dacre attacked Musgrave with his dagger, and would +have killed him but for “a son of the laird Featherstonhaugh,” who +snatched out his dagger and leapt between the two. Dacre and +Featherstonhaugh drew their swords, but Musgrave’s men separated +them. Dacre cried through the town “A Dacre! A Dacre!” and a +great company assembled in the market-place. Lord Clifford took +refuge in the Castle. The mayor and Edward Aglionby, a prominent +citizen, “commanded Richard Dacre to avoid the market-place,” but +he refused to stir until the mayor summoned the townsmen to arms +and joined Clifford in the Castle. In spite of the preparations that +were being made to attack him Dacre “went to his lodging and dined +and departed at his leisure.” Next Sunday, 17 December, Dacre +appeared at Carlisle again, accompanied by twenty men of Gilsland +“in harness for some unlawful purpose.” By Clifford’s orders the +mayor and Aglionby went out to stop him from entering the town, +but he would not be stayed and entered the market-place. However +he found that Clifford was in possession this time; “he perceived the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_43'>43</span>lord Clifford, well accompanied, come to the market cross and make a +proclamation....” He probably announced the terms made at Doncaster, +but the account breaks off at this point<a id='r201'></a><a href='#f201' class='c012'><sup>[201]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The zeal of the loyalists was almost as embarrassing to those who +were trying to keep the peace as the lawlessness of the Percys and +Dacres. Shrewsbury demanded the restitution of cattle which had +been driven away during the disturbances<a id='r202'></a><a href='#f202' class='c012'><sup>[202]</sup></a>. Derby kept a great +Christmas at Lathom and strengthened the Castle, proceedings +which the commons watched with a jealous eye<a id='r203'></a><a href='#f203' class='c012'><sup>[203]</sup></a>. The Earl of +Cumberland was ill about Christmas time, but he summoned several +of the gentlemen who had taken part in the Pilgrimage to come and +see him. Sir Richard Tempest excused himself on the grounds that +he was as “sore a crasyd” as the Earl<a id='r204'></a><a href='#f204' class='c012'><sup>[204]</sup></a>. Sir Stephen Hamerton did +not dare to go<a id='r205'></a><a href='#f205' class='c012'><sup>[205]</sup></a>. On 14 December Cumberland reported that since +the appointment at Doncaster, bills had been set on the church +doors of Gargrave, Rylston, Lynton and Burnsall in Craven. These +bills bade the priest order the constable of the parish to charge the +parishioners to be at Rylston on Tuesday [12 December] to kill all the +deer they could find<a id='r206'></a><a href='#f206' class='c012'><sup>[206]</sup></a>. Cumberland’s retainers had been in the habit +of hunting at Rylston, which belonged to John Norton, whenever +they felt inclined<a id='r207'></a><a href='#f207' class='c012'><sup>[207]</sup></a>, and the commons were following their example; +but, as Cumberland observed, the insurrection had begun with bills +set on the church doors, though the contents of the bills had been +different. The Earl declared his intention of arresting the instigators +of the bills; he suspected that they were “gentlemen, some of them +the King’s servants,” but he had as yet no certain information<a id='r208'></a><a href='#f208' class='c012'><sup>[208]</sup></a>. He +was evidently hinting at Sir Richard Tempest. Before Christmas +the Earl imprisoned in Skipton Castle “one of Harry Amarton’s sons, +a man of law, and also one Thomas Porter.” They must have been +Ribblesdale men, as Lord Clifford was nearly captured in Christmas +week when he went to mass at Giggleswick; the commons declared +that they would take and hold him until his father released the +prisoners<a id='r209'></a><a href='#f209' class='c012'><sup>[209]</sup></a>. Shortly after Christmas the travellers assembled in an +alehouse at Kettlewell talked of “how gently my lord of Cumberland +had treated such prisoners as had been a-hunting in his chaces, +and Tenande, who had been with them in gaol for the said matter, +affirmed the same.”<a id='r210'></a><a href='#f210' class='c012'><sup>[210]</sup></a> It does not appear whether they were speaking +<span class='pageno' id='Page_44'>44</span>sarcastically, or whether Cumberland was really a model gaoler, whose +praises were sounded by his ex-prisoners. The arrests were injudicious, +considering the unsettled state of Westmorland, and Darcy wrote +on 17 January that the Earl of Cumberland was “likely to have +business for two prisoners he keeps.”<a id='r211'></a><a href='#f211' class='c012'><sup>[211]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>About Christmas time it was reported that Robert Pulleyn, +who had been a leader in the Pilgrimage, had paid the detested levy +of the neat geld and had taken bribes and put men into possession of +lands. His neighbours of Kirkby Stephen attacked him, and “would +have spoiled his goods, but upon sureties and entreaty of certain men +they delivered him again.” “Shortly after the goods of one Mr Rose +were taken away by night of thieves and the country was afraid of +burning.”<a id='r212'></a><a href='#f212' class='c012'><sup>[212]</sup></a> On Saturday 29 December the tenants of Broughton and +Talentire turned the threshers out of the tithe barns and locked +the barn-doors; the movement against the tithes threatened to +spread to the neighbouring villages<a id='r213'></a><a href='#f213' class='c012'><sup>[213]</sup></a>. On 12 January the Earl of +Cumberland wrote to the King that there had been musters about +Cockermouth since the pardon and that the Westmorland men were +turning against their captains in the late rising “for such money +as they had gathered among them.” Also bills were being set on +the church doors in Yorkshire. The Earl urged emphatically that +Carlisle must be strengthened, as the fortifications were in a state of +decay and the commons would certainly attack the town if they rose +again<a id='r214'></a><a href='#f214' class='c012'><sup>[214]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In Richmond a new insurrection was talked of soon after Christmas, +and Dakyn, who preached against the Pope, was saved from being +pulled out of the church only by the intervention of “Ralph Gowre +and other honest men.”<a id='r215'></a><a href='#f215' class='c012'><sup>[215]</sup></a> Lancaster Herald was attacked in Durham +after Christmas, and on 2 January the Earl of Westmorland was +warned that there were stirrings about Auckland<a id='r216'></a><a href='#f216' class='c012'><sup>[216]</sup></a>. When Lawson +and Gostwick’s servants returned to Barnard Castle to collect the +King’s rents at the time appointed they found that there was still no +money and no prospect of it<a id='r217'></a><a href='#f217' class='c012'><sup>[217]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The burden of all the letters from Darcy, Cumberland, and Lawson, +is the same; the Duke of Norfolk must be sent at once. If he came +and brought a satisfactory answer from the King the commons would +be pacified. It did not suit Henry, however, to do anything in a +<span class='pageno' id='Page_45'>45</span>hurry. The gentlemen could scarcely expect Norfolk to return before +Christmas, but Christmas passed, and the new year came, and January +was slipping away, and still there was no news of his approach. +Meanwhile so far from soothing the commons and making the task of +the gentlemen easier, all the reports that came from “above” were of +an alarming nature. The King’s answer to the first five articles put +the commons in doubt of their pardon<a id='r218'></a><a href='#f218' class='c012'><sup>[218]</sup></a>. It became known that the +King was demanding the tenth, and the commons were quite clever +enough to see that any money sent out of the north weakened them +and strengthened the King<a id='r219'></a><a href='#f219' class='c012'><sup>[219]</sup></a>. It was said that their harness was +to be taken from them and stored at York<a id='r220'></a><a href='#f220' class='c012'><sup>[220]</sup></a>; that the appointment +was not observed in Lincolnshire<a id='r221'></a><a href='#f221' class='c012'><sup>[221]</sup></a> but that the prisoners there were +already being brought to execution<a id='r222'></a><a href='#f222' class='c012'><sup>[222]</sup></a>; that the monasteries were not +to be allowed to stand; and that the King intended to fortify Hull +and Scarborough<a id='r223'></a><a href='#f223' class='c012'><sup>[223]</sup></a>. These rumours described very accurately the +King’s real intentions. The gentlemen tried not to believe them +and tried to persuade the commons that they were false, but there +was all the more difficulty in doing this as the promise of a parliament +did not pacify the commons at all. They murmured among +themselves that “the Parliament men would not get them what +they rose for.”<a id='r224'></a><a href='#f224' class='c012'><sup>[224]</sup></a> As they never even thought of being represented +in the new parliament, they were much more inclined to pin their +faith on the arbitrary power of the King, and all their hopes centred +in the coming of the Duke of Norfolk.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The hero of Flodden was very popular in the north—“no man ... +would withstand the Duke of Norfolk, but as for Suffolk they would +hold him herehence the best they could.”<a id='r225'></a><a href='#f225' class='c012'><sup>[225]</sup></a> The gentlemen therefore +found it easiest to keep order by exhorting the commons to hold over +their grievances until the Duke of Norfolk came. Yet still there +was no news that he had set out. The commons grew more and +more uneasy. Another matter troubled them, Aske had ridden up to +London before Christmas, and since then nothing had been heard +of him. The gentlemen suspected him of betraying them. The +commons were more faithful to their leader. They did indeed +suspect treachery, but it was on the King’s part. The rumour ran +that Aske had been beheaded in London<a id='r226'></a><a href='#f226' class='c012'><sup>[226]</sup></a> and that Norfolk was in the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_46'>46</span>Tower. The story of Norfolk’s arrest is a spirited narrative, which +shows the pathetic confidence that the northern men had in the Duke, +and also how entirely baseless a most circumstantial story may be:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“My Lord Cromwell came to the King and said, ‘Sir, and please your Grace, +ye are minded to send the Duke of Norfolk northward shortly?’ And the King +said ‘Yea.’ And my lord said again, ‘Sir, as far as I can perceive, my lord +of Norfolk hath granted the commonty all their demands or else he would take +their part, and as far as I perceive he will lose no part of his honour.’ Then +the King sent for my lord of Norfolk and asked him whether he would do so. +And he answered the King that he would be loath but that the commons should +have their demands, and would be loath to lose any part of his honour. Then +the King commanded him to the Tower. And thereupon my lord William +[Howard] went to the lieutenant of the Tower and desired that he might speak +with my lord of Norfolk, and could not; and returned again toward the Rolls to +speak with my Lord Privy Seal, and he was gone and had taken his barge to go +to the Court. Then as my Lord William came along Chancery Lane he met with +Richard Cromwell; and there (said) my lord: ‘By God’s blood I will be revenged +of one of you,’ and took out his dagger and did stick him therewith, and turned +him with his hand and so killed him.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>This story was told “in Johnson’s house at Minstergate in York” +on Saturday 13 January<a id='r227'></a><a href='#f227' class='c012'><sup>[227]</sup></a>, but it had probably been travelling +about the country before that date. When Sir Robert Constable +heard it he said, “As in the chronicles of the Romans there was +a gentleman who, having killed the Emperor’s secretary in mistake +for the Emperor, ran unto a pan of coals and burnt off the hand that +missed the Emperor; so the said lord William may burn his hand for +missing of killing my lord Cromwell.”<a id='r228'></a><a href='#f228' class='c012'><sup>[228]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>In the East Riding the agitation was strongest. The commons +feared that Hull and Scarborough were to be fortified and held by +the Duke of Suffolk, to become a refuge for the gentlemen and a +menace to the commons if the King resolved to deny their petition. +The leader of this agitation was John Hallam<a id='r229'></a><a href='#f229' class='c012'><sup>[229]</sup></a>. His position with +regard to the gentlemen leaders of the Pilgrimage was rather similar +to that of a Labour member towards members of a Liberal government +at the present day. Having no responsibility himself, he was always +ready to urge on the most sweeping measures and the most dangerous +enterprises. He was quite shrewd enough to see through the King’s +moves, but not wise enough to realise that policy must be met by +policy, and that to resort to violence was to play into his opponent’s +hand. It was not without reason that he distrusted the gentlemen, +and he had not sufficient tact to conceal his suspicions and strive +at all costs to preserve unity among the Pilgrims. The fatal cleavage +<span class='pageno' id='Page_47'>47</span>between class and class was broadening rapidly; as always happens +in the many causes which it has wrecked, each party had a certain +amount of reason, the gentlemen to fear the commons, the commons +to distrust the gentlemen; but to quarrel among themselves +merely increased the danger. Their only chance of obtaining their +purpose and securing their pardon lay in strict co-operation. Neither +party could understand this. The commons could not be patient, and +raised a cry of treachery at each delay. The gentlemen grew more +and more alarmed by their turbulence, and were continually tempted +to throw over the cause and make themselves safe individually.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hallam made his headquarters at Watton parish church. As +early as Christmas, before the appointment was a month old, he was +whispering to its frequenters that Hull was false to the commons, +and that the men of Holderness were ready to rise again. He saw as +plainly as did the King that if Hull and Scarborough were fortified +and garrisoned “they were able to destroy the whole country about.”<a id='r230'></a><a href='#f230' class='c012'><sup>[230]</sup></a> +Twelfth Day, the feast of Epiphany, 6 January, fell this year on +a Saturday. The following Monday, 8 January, was called Plough +Monday, and was a festival and holiday<a id='r231'></a><a href='#f231' class='c012'><sup>[231]</sup></a>. Hallam and his friends +celebrated it by drinking at John Bell’s tavern in Watton, and after +the festivity was over, Hallam, Hugh Langdale, Philip Uty, Thomas +Lunde, William Horskey and the vicar of Watton returned home +together. When they came to the church they turned in to say +a paternoster; the vicar left the laymen, who went to Our Lady’s +altar, a chantry in the church. Hallam remarked that Langdale had +come into the country recently and had never taken the commons’ +oath. He brought out a copy of the oath and asked Langdale +whether he thought there was anything unlawful in it. Langdale +said no, and took the oath willingly<a id='r232'></a><a href='#f232' class='c012'><sup>[232]</sup></a>. Then Hallam said to the +others, “Sirs, I fear me lest Hull do deceive us the commons, for +there is ordnance daily carried in thither by ships, and they make +prie yates [privy gates] and Scarborough shall be better fortified, +and the gentlemen will deceive us the commons, and the King’s +Grace intends to perform nothing of our petitions. Wherefore I think +best to take Hull and Scarborough ourselves betimes; and to the +intent that we may do that the better, I think best that ye, Hugh +Langdale, do go forth to William Levening and Robert Bulmer +or William Constable whether [whichever] he would; you, Horskey, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_48'>48</span>to Sir Robert Constable, and I will go to Hull to inquire what tidings +goeth abroad in those parts and how they are minded there, and after +that let us meet all in this place together again upon Wednesday +next, then to take further counsel what is to be done in this matter.” +The other two promised to take their messages, but next morning, +when they were already mounted and about to start, Hallam met them +with a letter from Robert Aske, announcing that he had returned +to the north and was about to hold a great meeting next day, Tuesday +9 January at Beverley. He asked Hallam to met him first at Arras +and to ride with him to the meeting. On receiving this great news +they all agreed that they must go to Beverley instead of performing +their errands<a id='r233'></a><a href='#f233' class='c012'><sup>[233]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske left London on Friday 5 January, riding north secretly and +“with most haste.”<a id='r234'></a><a href='#f234' class='c012'><sup>[234]</sup></a> It was an amazingly clever stroke of policy +on Henry’s part to send back the leader of the Pilgrims to pacify the +disturbance that the King himself had fomented, and to prevent it +from passing beyond control. Aske rode swiftly and reached home +on 8 January, the very day when Hallam was plotting in Watton +church.</p> + +<p class='c011'>As soon as Aske arrived he wrote to Darcy, repeating the King’s +gracious promises, and saying that he intended to visit Templehurst +next day. He was already busy quieting his own neighbourhood<a id='r235'></a><a href='#f235' class='c012'><sup>[235]</sup></a>, +and scarcely had he arrived when appeals for assistance came pouring +in from all quarters. Hallam’s agitation was known to Sir Marmaduke +Constable, who wrote to welcome Aske home and to beg him to pacify +Beverley, which was ready to rise in consequence of a rumour that the +King was secretly sending ordnance to Hull. Sir Marmaduke said +that Hallam would not listen to him, but Aske might have more +influence<a id='r236'></a><a href='#f236' class='c012'><sup>[236]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In consequence of this message Aske appointed the meeting at +Beverley next day. Two manifestos containing the King’s reply were +issued to pacify the country. They are undated, but must have been +issued immediately after Aske’s return. One was by Aske himself, +and announced the King’s promise of a general pardon, and that +“your reasonable petitions shall be ordered by Parliament.” The King +himself was coming to hold the parliament at York, the Queen was +to be crowned there, and the arrival of the Duke of Norfolk might +soon be expected<a id='r237'></a><a href='#f237' class='c012'><sup>[237]</sup></a>. Sir Oswald Wolsthrope, who had perhaps ridden +<span class='pageno' id='Page_49'>49</span>north with Aske, in another manifesto repeated and amplified these +statements. Norfolk was to bring the particulars concerning the +parliament. He would come “with a mean company and after a +quiet manner.” The parliament, the convocation and the coronation +were all to be held in York at Whitsuntide; until then the commons +had only to keep the peace and refuse to listen to any who bid them +make new disturbances<a id='r238'></a><a href='#f238' class='c012'><sup>[238]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Tuesday 9 January, instead of going to Templehurst, Aske +rode to Beverley. The Twelve Men and the whole town had +assembled, besides many people from the neighbourhood, among +them Horskey, Langdale and Hallam. Aske addressed the assembly, +beginning: “The King’s Highness is good and gracious unto us the +commons all, and he hath granted us all our desires and petitions, and +he will keep a Parliament shortly at York, and there also for the +more favour and goodwill that he beareth to this country he purposeth +to have the Queen’s Grace crowned ...” “adding many other good +words on the King’s behalf.” He went on to declare that the Duke +of Norfolk was coming shortly, and would bring “a better report unto +them from the King’s Grace under the Great Seal.”<a id='r239'></a><a href='#f239' class='c012'><sup>[239]</sup></a> After Aske’s +speech, questions were asked, as at a modern meeting. Hallam +wanted to know why, if the King’s intentions were so favourable, +he had given orders for the collection of the tenth and of his rents +before the parliament time. Aske had not heard of these orders, and +the news must have been a disagreeable shock to him, but he put +the best face he could on the matter, and said that the King had +probably sent only for the money that had already been collected and +was in Archbishop Lee’s hands<a id='r240'></a><a href='#f240' class='c012'><sup>[240]</sup></a>; in any case the clergy had freely +granted the tenth<a id='r241'></a><a href='#f241' class='c012'><sup>[241]</sup></a>, and the Pilgrims had decided that “it might +be borne well enough.”<a id='r242'></a><a href='#f242' class='c012'><sup>[242]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>After the meeting Aske and all the principal men who attended it +were invited by Mr Crake and the Twelve Men to dinner at Christopher +Sanderson’s house. When Hallam and Horskey entered the room +Crake drew them aside to a window and said, “Mr Hallam, I pray you +stay the country about you. Ye see how good and gracious the King’s +highness is to us and will be undoubtedly. There be certain lewd +fellows abroad in the country that would stir the people to naughtiness +again, as Nicholson of Preston in Holderness and the bailiff of Snaith. +I pray you stay them and be not counselled by them.” The appeal was +<span class='pageno' id='Page_50'>50</span>judicious, and Hallam was reassured and pacified. He promised that +he would not stir. For the moment this danger seemed to be averted<a id='r243'></a><a href='#f243' class='c012'><sup>[243]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske rode back to Aughton, but next day Wednesday 10 January +Sir Marmaduke Constable appealed to him again. He congratulated +him on quieting Beverley, but a rising was now threatened at Ripon +and there was mustering on a moor near Fountains. The commons +said that Aske had been beheaded in London, and his presence was +urgently needed<a id='r244'></a><a href='#f244' class='c012'><sup>[244]</sup></a>. Next day, 11 January, Sir Marmaduke wrote to +Cromwell to report that Aske had pacified Beverley and the East +Riding, but that the North Riding was still dangerous, and Norfolk +was very much wanted<a id='r245'></a><a href='#f245' class='c012'><sup>[245]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske received Sir Marmaduke’s letter on Thursday 11 January, +and at the same time he was summoned by Darcy to come and help +to stay the parts round Templehurst<a id='r246'></a><a href='#f246' class='c012'><sup>[246]</sup></a>. He sent news of his return +and of the King’s goodwill to Ripon and rode to Templehurst<a id='r247'></a><a href='#f247' class='c012'><sup>[247]</sup></a>. +Darcy had received on 10 January a summons from the King to +go up to court “in order that the King may show he retains no +displeasure against him.”<a id='r248'></a><a href='#f248' class='c012'><sup>[248]</sup></a> Sir Robert Constable, who was also at +Templehurst, had received a similar summons. Aske described to +them his encouraging interviews with the King, and, as he had kept +a copy of it, he showed them his narrative of his own doings during +the rising. Darcy asked how the King had spoken of him. Aske +replied that the King had referred to him and others as “offenders +before the pardon,” but he had not otherwise mentioned him. They +consulted together over the King’s summons, and decided that as the +country was “in a floughter and a readiness to rise,” it would be very +unwise for Darcy and Constable to alarm the commons by going up +to court. Aske advised Sir Robert to go back to Holme and Darcy to +stay where he was, and promised to write to the King to explain +their delay and to beg him to excuse them<a id='r249'></a><a href='#f249' class='c012'><sup>[249]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Friday 12 January Aske had returned to Aughton once more, +and sent the King a report of all that had happened and all that +he had done since his return home. The frank and outspoken tone +of his letter is a great contrast to that of Norfolk’s reports. He +described how he had pacified Beverley. The people were very +joyous to hear that the King himself proposed to visit them, and +that Norfolk was coming, and the gentlemen were anxious to keep +<span class='pageno' id='Page_51'>51</span>order; but the commons were still very wild, bills were posted on the +church doors, and unless Norfolk came soon, accompanied by the +worshipful men now with the King, another rising was to be feared. +The points which caused the most uneasiness were as follows:—</p> + +<p class='c011'>(1) The people suspected that the parliament would be delayed.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(2) The King had summoned the leading gentlemen to London.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(3) The answer to the first five articles made the people doubt +whether the King would confirm the pardon.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(4) They were afraid of the cities being fortified, especially in +the case of Hull.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(5) The tenths were being demanded.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(6) Cromwell (my lord Privy Seal) was in as great favour as ever.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske concluded:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Finally, I could not perceive in all the shires, as I came from your Grace’s +homewards, but your Grace’s subjects be wildly minded in their hearts towards +commotions or assistance thereof, by whose abetment yet I know not; wherefore, +Sir, I beseech your Grace to pardon me in this my rude letter and plainness +of the same, for I do utter my poor heart to your Grace to the intent your +Highness may perceive the danger that may ensue; for on my faith I do greatly +fear the end to be only by battle.”<a id='r250'></a><a href='#f250' class='c012'><sup>[250]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>He proposed to ride to Ripon on Saturday 13 January to pacify +the North Riding. Darcy seconded Aske’s efforts by issuing a proclamation +against rebellious assemblies<a id='r251'></a><a href='#f251' class='c012'><sup>[251]</sup></a>. On Saturday 13 January +Dorothy Darcy, Sir George Darcy’s wife, wrote to her husband from +Gateforth, begging him to come home and protect his poor children +and herself, as the wildness of the country filled her with terror. +She had heard that the disturbance at Beverley was due to the +arrival of some ships at Hull laden with wine, corn, and Lenten +stores. Although Beverley was pacified, the country all round Lady +Darcy’s home was very much disturbed. In Kirkbyshire captains +had been appointed and at Leeds bills had been set on the church +doors<a id='r252'></a><a href='#f252' class='c012'><sup>[252]</sup></a>. One of these bills has been preserved and runs:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Commons, keep well your harness. Trust you no gentlemen. Rise all at +once. God shall be your governor and I shall be your captain.”<a id='r253'></a><a href='#f253' class='c012'><sup>[253]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy wrote to the King on Sunday 14 January to excuse himself +for not obeying the summons to court. He did not speak of the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_52'>52</span>unsettled state of the country, which made his presence in the north +desirable, but described his illness. Since the meeting at Doncaster +he had not thrice left his chamber. Nevertheless he was ready to +come if his health would mend a little and if the King would give +him leave to come by water<a id='r254'></a><a href='#f254' class='c012'><sup>[254]</sup></a>. This may have been merely an excuse, +but the journey to London from Templehurst in mid-winter must +really have been a dangerous undertaking for a man of Darcy’s age +in a bad state of health.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the news of the disturbance in Beverley the northern gentlemen +at court were sent home. Sir Ralph Evers wrote to Sir John Bulmer +that the Duke was to be at Doncaster on the last day of January, and +Sir John was appointed to attend him with ten men<a id='r255'></a><a href='#f255' class='c012'><sup>[255]</sup></a>. Sir Ralph +Ellerker was despatched on Monday 15 January with instructions to +be delivered to the corporation of Hull<a id='r256'></a><a href='#f256' class='c012'><sup>[256]</sup></a>. On 16 January the King +sent to Sir Robert Constable a countermand of the summons to come +up to London<a id='r257'></a><a href='#f257' class='c012'><sup>[257]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry was satisfied with the result of his manoeuvres. The +disturbance at Beverley, although it had been checked before it came +to anything, gave him an excuse for disregarding the general pardon. +A competent number of victims could now be sacrificed to the +cleansing of the King’s honour. Norfolk was to be sent north at +last. A device was made by the King and his Council “for the +perfect establishment of the North parts.” Not only was Norfolk to +be sent into Yorkshire with a council of “personages of honour, +worship and learning,” but Suffolk was to return to Lincolnshire +“and put the men of substance there ready at an hour’s warning +to enter Yorkshire in aid of my lord of Norfolk,” while Sussex went +to assist the Earl of Derby to “put the parts [of Lancashire] not +corrupted with the late rebellion ready to serve the King at an hour’s +warning.” Cheshire was also to be prepared to muster, and “certain +discreet and learned personages” were to be sent into all these parts +“to preach and teach the word of God that the people may the better +know their duties.” The Lord Admiral was to take over Pontefract +from Lord Darcy, and to garrison the castle. Sandall Castle was to +be delivered by Sir Richard Tempest to Sir Henry Saville, who +would command a garrison there, and Ellerker and Evers would place +garrisons in Hull and Scarborough. The other nobles, Shrewsbury, +Rutland and the rest, and the gentlemen who had held command +<span class='pageno' id='Page_53'>53</span>in the King’s army, such as Sir Francis Brian and Sir William Parr, +were to call out their men, ready to march to Norfolk’s assistance. +Provision was made for Norfolk’s train and salary, for levying the +tenth and so forth. This was the end, or almost the end, of the idea +that Norfolk would bear a conciliatory reply from the King. The +Council, which always favoured moderate measures, drew up a list of +suggestions which were not quite so drastic; they proposed that the +more favourable parts of the King’s reply should be embodied in +proclamations to be issued in the north, and that the people should +“be given hope of pardon, for despair might cause them to reassemble,” +but the King would temporise no more<a id='r258'></a><a href='#f258' class='c012'><sup>[258]</sup></a>. A minute was drawn up of +a letter which directed the gentlemen of the north to have their +servants ready to assist Norfolk in the punishment of those who had +offended since the proclamation of the pardon. The King trusted +that this might be effected without difficulty, but although the most +part of his subjects were sincerely repentant, “there may remain +some desperate persons who might move further sedition.”<a id='r259'></a><a href='#f259' class='c012'><sup>[259]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The King was determined to have his executions, even if they +provoked a new rising; but he was to be more fortunate than he +as yet dared to hope.</p> + +<p class='c011'>NOTES TO CHAPTER XVI</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note A. Froude adds to the complication of the huge Constable family by +calling Marmaduke Nevill Sir Marmaduke Constable. The historians of the +Tower have assigned the inscription of Marmaduke Nevill to some unknown +relation of the last Earl of Westmorland who may have taken part in the Rising +of the North<a id='r260'></a><a href='#f260' class='c012'><sup>[260]</sup></a>, but it is more likely to have been cut by the Marmaduke Nevill +who is known to have existed in 1537.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note B. The herald says Monday 12 November, but this must be a mistake.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note C. The evidence is that George Lassells said that Thomas Estoft said +that Thomas Saltmarsh said that Darcy had said this<a id='r261'></a><a href='#f261' class='c012'><sup>[261]</sup></a>. Thomas Estoft was +interrogated and deposed that Thomas Saltmarsh had told him that Darcy +advised Aske to lay post horses and if he sent bad news Darcy would rescue him, +but without the details, which seem to have sprung from Lassells’ imagination<a id='r262'></a><a href='#f262' class='c012'><sup>[262]</sup></a>. +“One Saltmarsh” had quarrelled with Aske at the beginning of the rebellion +“disdaining that he should be above him”; possibly this was the Thomas +Saltmarsh who spread the story<a id='r263'></a><a href='#f263' class='c012'><sup>[263]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_54'>54</span>Note D. The Spanish Chronicle gives a confused account of this speech:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“When [Aske] arrived to where his people were he made them a speech after +this fashion: ‘Oh, my brothers and gentlemen, what a wise and virtuous prince +we have! He recognised the justice of our cause, has given us a general pardon, +and to you, the priests, he will give enough to live upon. Here is an order +for York, providing for many of you in the parishes there, and you are to go +thither at once to be apportioned to various places.’ When the people heard this +they all cried with one voice, ‘Long live our good King!’ and the hostages were +sent back to the Duke’s quarters, and, in short, in a few hours all the people +were on their way home, for they were already tired of it, and had wasted a good +deal of their cattle.”<a id='r264'></a><a href='#f264' class='c012'><sup>[264]</sup></a> The Spaniard confuses Aske’s return from London with +his return to Pontefract after the second conference at Doncaster.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note E. In his letter of 12 January Aske says that he has already gone +to Lord Darcy<a id='r265'></a><a href='#f265' class='c012'><sup>[265]</sup></a>. Afterwards, in his examination, he said that he received Darcy’s +letter four or five days after he was at Beverley<a id='r266'></a><a href='#f266' class='c012'><sup>[266]</sup></a>, but it was natural that his +memory of such hurrying days should be rather confused.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_55'>55</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XVII<br> <span class='c009'>HALLAM AND BIGOD</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>The leaders of the Pilgrimage undertook an impossible task when +they promised at Doncaster to keep the north quiet until Norfolk’s +return. When a large region has been in open insurrection for three +months, it cannot be restored to order at a word. It is true that the +gentlemen did not realise then what they were required to do. They +expected Norfolk to return within a month, and they expected that +the King would make allowance for the difficulties of their position. +They were mistaken in both points. Norfolk’s return was delayed, +and Henry was prepared to exact from the north a state of immaculate +order to which few counties in England ever attained, even in times +of peace. As soon as the Pilgrims allowed themselves to be put +off by vague promises their cause was lost. Even if they had +exacted a definite agreement with proper guarantees at Doncaster, it +would probably have made no difference in the end. Nothing but +force could have induced Henry to observe such a treaty. Even +if the parliament which they desired had met, it is unlikely that +it would have achieved anything. Henry was no Charles I. With +Cromwell’s help he knew how to manage parliaments. The Pilgrims’ +one chance of success had lain in battle. The two parties were very +evenly balanced. Henry had a better general and on the whole +better supplies, but the Pilgrims had the advantage in numbers and +enthusiasm, and were on their own ground. They did not choose to +push the matter to fighting, and they failed.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is impossible to regret their failure now. If England had been +rent by a religious civil war at the very outset of modern history, as +the Reformation has rightly been called, she must have been seriously, +perhaps fatally, crippled, and prevented from taking her place among +the greater European powers. No country which had undergone the +strain of the Hundred Years War, followed by the Wars of the Roses, +could have borne in succession a third war more terrible than either +<span class='pageno' id='Page_56'>56</span>of these. The Pilgrims cannot be accused of weakness when their +decision was so truly patriotic, but it was fatal to themselves and +their cause. Once that decision was taken the result was inevitable. +Henry would observe no treaty with rebels when he could safely +repudiate it. The rising of Hallam and Bigod gave him a good +excuse, but before that excuse was offered he had already found +others. The disturbance at Beverley, the deer-stealing at Rylston, +the tithe riots in Cumberland, the restoration of the monks at +Sawley—anything was a sufficient pretext for declaring that the King +was no longer bound by the terms, and for bringing the champions +of the old faith to trial and execution; but the catastrophe was +precipitated by an ally of the most fatal kind, a political theorist.</p> + +<p class='c011'>During the progress of the first rising a glimpse has been caught +from time to time of Sir Francis Bigod. As might have been +expected from his previous history, he was by no means in sympathy +with the Pilgrims. His attempted flight and capture have already +been described<a id='r267'></a><a href='#f267' class='c012'><sup>[267]</sup></a>. The band of commons who took him all unconsciously +did their cause a great disservice. Once involved in the +rising Sir Francis quickly grew interested. The movement gave +him plenty of scope to indulge in his chief passion, which was to +reform monasteries. He was far from acting in the spirit of Cromwell’s +commissioners. The welfare of the abbeys was his real object, and he +made no profit for himself, but his views were in every way peculiar. +His activities began about Martinmas (11 November 1536) at the +monastery of Guisborough<a id='r268'></a><a href='#f268' class='c012'><sup>[268]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The resignation of James Cockerell, Prior of Guisborough, and +the appointment of a new prior by the visitors have been mentioned +above<a id='r269'></a><a href='#f269' class='c012'><sup>[269]</sup></a>. As usually happened in these cases, the new prior accused +the old one of having embezzled some of the revenue of the monastery<a id='r270'></a><a href='#f270' class='c012'><sup>[270]</sup></a>. +Sir Francis Bigod acted in this matter on behalf of Cockerell, who is +always called the Quondam of Guisborough<a id='r271'></a><a href='#f271' class='c012'><sup>[271]</sup></a>. Having thus a footing +in the affairs of the monastery, he made up his mind that the new +prior had not been chosen formally according to the laws of God and +the old custom, and that the house ought to be reformed. He wrote +to consult the Earl of Westmorland on the subject, pointing out that +the new prior had been put in only by Cromwell’s authority and that +the people did not consider him a true prior. His proposal was that +to quiet the country the new prior’s accounts should be made up and +<span class='pageno' id='Page_57'>57</span>the prior himself expelled. Then another prior might be chosen +“by virtue of the holy comentie and by the assent of all the religious +brethren belonging to their chapter.”<a id='r272'></a><a href='#f272' class='c012'><sup>[272]</sup></a> In consequence of these disturbances +Sir John Bulmer was ordered by the council of York to +regulate the affairs of Guisborough, but the prior was not deposed<a id='r273'></a><a href='#f273' class='c012'><sup>[273]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Bigod himself was not at the council of York, but before it met +his brother Ralph told him that the clergy were to assemble and +decide “what they judged to be reformed concerning the faith and +for heresy.” After the council was over Aske sent Sir Francis as +a captain to Scarborough, probably to look into the affair of Edward +Waters. Hallam came from York to Scarborough and reported what +the council had resolved upon<a id='r274'></a><a href='#f274' class='c012'><sup>[274]</sup></a>. Sir Francis attended the great +meeting at Pontefract<a id='r275'></a><a href='#f275' class='c012'><sup>[275]</sup></a>, and like several of the other gentlemen, he +wrote down his opinion on the various questions which were under +discussion, “the title of Supreme Head, the statute of suppression, +and the taking away the liberties of the Church.”<a id='r276'></a><a href='#f276' class='c012'><sup>[276]</sup></a> His “book” made +no particular impression at Pontefract. It is never mentioned by the +leaders, while the commons looked upon him as one of Cromwell’s +agents, and he was even in danger of his life<a id='r277'></a><a href='#f277' class='c012'><sup>[277]</sup></a>. Sir Francis, however, +had naturally an author’s pride in his own work. It seems to have +been much longer and more elaborate than the books of the other +gentlemen. The views which it expressed were entirely individual +and did not conform to the standards either of Rome or of the +government. The author attempted to define “what authority +belonged to the Pope, what to a bishop, and what to a king, saying +that the head of the Church of England might be a spiritual man, as +the archbishop of Canterbury or such, but in no wise the King, for +he should with the sword defend all spiritual men in their right.”<a id='r278'></a><a href='#f278' class='c012'><sup>[278]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Quondam of Guisborough read the book, and, by Sir Francis’ +account, praised it highly, “saying no man could mend it, and he +durst die in the quarrel with Bigod,” and when the author promised +him a copy, he said that “he would make as much thereof as of +a piece of St Augustine’s works.” The Quondam admitted that he +had seen the book, but he denied that he had commended it. He +took exception to one passage, at any rate, in which Bigod asserted +that the King held his sword immediately from God. The Quondam +pointed out that “we hold opinion that the King has his sword +<span class='pageno' id='Page_58'>58</span>by permission and delivery of the Church into his hands and not +otherwise.” Bigod seems to have accepted the correction<a id='r279'></a><a href='#f279' class='c012'><sup>[279]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Quondam of Guisborough was not Bigod’s only literary friend +among the regular clergy. Sir Francis was also a frequent visitor at +the monastery of Malton in Rydale, where he was told of a prophesy +by the Prior, William Todde<a id='r280'></a><a href='#f280' class='c012'><sup>[280]</sup></a>. It was at the Prior’s table that he +first heard the rumour that Cromwell was plotting to marry Lady +Margaret Douglas and to become the King’s heir<a id='r281'></a><a href='#f281' class='c012'><sup>[281]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Francis also lent a hand in the disordered affairs of the +monastery of Watton, which was, like Malton, a Gilbertine priory<a id='r282'></a><a href='#f282' class='c012'><sup>[282]</sup></a>, +containing both monks and nuns to the number of between three +and four score<a id='r283'></a><a href='#f283' class='c012'><sup>[283]</sup></a>. The flight of the Prior appointed by Cromwell and +Aske’s intervention to help the deserted religious have already been +mentioned<a id='r284'></a><a href='#f284' class='c012'><sup>[284]</sup></a>. The absconding Prior had previously held the same +office at St Katherine’s, Lincoln<a id='r285'></a><a href='#f285' class='c012'><sup>[285]</sup></a>. During his brief term at Watton +he had made himself universally disliked; “while he was there he +was good to no man and took of Hallam 20 marks where he should +have been paid in corn when God should send it; and he gives many +unkind words to his tenants in his court, more like a judge than +a religious man.”<a id='r286'></a><a href='#f286' class='c012'><sup>[286]</sup></a> The monks afterwards declared that it was only +the commons who were discontented with the Prior. He had put +Hallam out of a farm, and Hallam in revenge during the insurrection +brought a number of his soldiers to the monastery, just as the brothers +were sitting down to dinner, and ordered them to elect a new prior<a id='r287'></a><a href='#f287' class='c012'><sup>[287]</sup></a>. +The priors of Ellerton and St Andrew’s, York, were both present, and +Hallam advised the canons to nominate the former, Dan James +Lawrence<a id='r288'></a><a href='#f288' class='c012'><sup>[288]</sup></a>; if they did not obey him, Hallam threatened to plunder +their house and make a new prior himself. Thereupon the canons +nominated the Prior of Ellerton, but only as a form to satisfy Hallam<a id='r289'></a><a href='#f289' class='c012'><sup>[289]</sup></a>. +Lawrence never acted as prior, and the canons wrote to Aske to beg +him to appoint a new one for them<a id='r290'></a><a href='#f290' class='c012'><sup>[290]</sup></a>. By his advice they accepted +the sub-prior as the prior’s deputy<a id='r291'></a><a href='#f291' class='c012'><sup>[291]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hugh Langdale, Hallam’s friend, attended his new master the Prior +on his flight to London, leaving his wife behind him<a id='r292'></a><a href='#f292' class='c012'><sup>[292]</sup></a>. A little before +<span class='pageno' id='Page_59'>59</span>Christmas she wrote to tell him how much she had suffered during +the rising and to beg him to come back to her. Her letter was +carried by Thomas Lownde of Watton Carre, who returned about +26 December. Lownde met Hallam in a house by the Priory gates +at Watton and Hallam asked him for the London news. Lownde +said that “my lord prior was merry,” to which Hallam rejoined, “no +more of that, for an ye call him lord any more thou shalt lose thy +head.” He wanted to know what was the opinion of the south about +the insurrection. Lownde answered that some Nottingham men with +whom he had ridden from London to Stamford, told him that they +wished the northern men had come forward, “for then they should +have had me to take their parts.” Also when he was in London at +a “corser’s” [calcearius, shoemaker] house between Cow Cross and +Smithfield, the good man said to him, “Because ye are a northern +man ye shall pay but 6<i>d.</i> for your shoes, for ye have done very well +there of late: and would to God ye had come to an end, for we were +in the same mind that ye were.”<a id='r293'></a><a href='#f293' class='c012'><sup>[293]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The sub-prior of Watton, the confessor of the nuns, the vicar +of Watton, and Anthony one of the canons, were all heard to say that +there would be no real restoration of religion so long as the King +held the title of Supreme Head, and that the only way to force him +to lay it down was by a new insurrection<a id='r294'></a><a href='#f294' class='c012'><sup>[294]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In this hot-bed Hallam’s plans had been flourishing, but at the +Beverley meeting on Tuesday 9 January 1536–7 he received a check, +and he returned to Watton with the intention of waiting at least +until he saw the King’s next move.</p> + +<p class='c011'>While Hallam was being persuaded to trust the King, Bigod was +becoming more and more convinced that it would be folly to do +so. On the same Tuesday 9 January he set out from Mulgrave +to ride to York “for a matter between the Treasury and the old +prior of Guisborough.” He had with him a copy of the King’s +pardon, which he had been considering very seriously. In discussing +it with his friend the Prior of Malton, whom he visited on his journey, +he remarked that the pardon would enrage the Scots, who were called +“our old ancient enemies.” The Prior, in return for the pardon, +showed him a copy of the Pilgrims’ articles, and Sir Francis gave the +Prior’s servant two groats to copy it and send the copy after him<a id='r295'></a><a href='#f295' class='c012'><sup>[295]</sup></a>. +He left Malton for Settrington, where he expected to meet his +brother Ralph. Next day, Wednesday 10 January, he arrived at +<span class='pageno' id='Page_60'>60</span>Watton, still on his way to York, and went to Hallam’s house. They +visited the Priory together, and once more urged the canons to elect +a new prior<a id='r296'></a><a href='#f296' class='c012'><sup>[296]</sup></a>. Bigod drew up a form for them, in which the present +Prior was referred to as “the late prior of St Katherine’s, Lincoln.”<a id='r297'></a><a href='#f297' class='c012'><sup>[297]</sup></a> +The canons thought that this was not respectful; they sent to +Beverley for a notary and had another document drawn up, which +appointed James Lawrence to be their prior<a id='r298'></a><a href='#f298' class='c012'><sup>[298]</sup></a>. The canons gave this +paper to Wade a bachelor of divinity dwelling near by, in order that +they might show the new nomination to the commons if there were +a fresh insurrection; but they protested that they did this through +fear of the commons, and not with any serious idea of deposing their +prior<a id='r299'></a><a href='#f299' class='c012'><sup>[299]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hallam and Bigod both supped at the Priory. Bigod produced +the King’s pardon and explained his doubts about it. He pointed +out that it did not run in the King’s name, but “began as another +man’s tale, ‘Albeit the King’s Highness,’” and that it was in the +third person throughout, from which he judged that it was really the +work of Cromwell<a id='r300'></a><a href='#f300' class='c012'><sup>[300]</sup></a> who was higher in favour than ever<a id='r301'></a><a href='#f301' class='c012'><sup>[301]</sup></a>. In Bigod’s +opinion a pardon in that form would not prevent a sheriff from +imprisoning a man and seizing his lands and goods; besides it was +dated two days after it had been read<a id='r302'></a><a href='#f302' class='c012'><sup>[302]</sup></a>. He also objected to the +statement in the pardon that the King had charge of his subjects +both body and soul. Sir Francis declared that the King should have +no cure of his soul. Hallam, the sub-prior Harry Gill, and two +of the canons sat together over the fire while Sir Francis expounded +his views to them, but at this point he drew Hallam aside into a +window and they talked privately together for a long time<a id='r303'></a><a href='#f303' class='c012'><sup>[303]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Francis read to Hallam his book concerning the supreme +head of the Church. From that they passed to the question of Hull +and Scarborough. Everyone in the countryside, said Bigod, was +convinced that the towns ought to be held by the commons until +the meeting of the parliament. Moreover he did not believe that +the Duke of Norfolk would do any good when he came. It would be +better and safer either to drive out of the north any general sent by +the King, or to capture Norfolk as he ascended from the plain of +York into the hills about Newborough and Byland, and to make him +take their oath. Hallam, by his own account, hesitated to attack +<span class='pageno' id='Page_61'>61</span>Norfolk<a id='r304'></a><a href='#f304' class='c012'><sup>[304]</sup></a>. Others, however, said that they had heard him threaten, if +the Duke were captured, to strike off his head<a id='r305'></a><a href='#f305' class='c012'><sup>[305]</sup></a>. Leaving Norfolk +out of the question, Hallam was soon persuaded to revive his former +scheme of capturing Hull and Scarborough. Bigod told him that all +the Dales, Swaledale, Wensleydale and the rest, were rising, that +Sir Thomas Percy was coming forward from Northumberland, and +that the East Riding had no choice but to rise as well<a id='r306'></a><a href='#f306' class='c012'><sup>[306]</sup></a>. It is +impossible to say how much of this Sir Francis believed himself, but +there had been disturbances and bills posted on the church doors in +the Dales, and Northumberland had never been quiet since the last +insurrection.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Francis Bigod stayed at the Priory of Watton that night, +but Hallam went home. Next day, Thursday 11 January, Hallam +took William Horskey into his confidence. After repeating to him +all that Sir Francis had said, he laid before him their plan of +campaign. Hallam was to surprise Hull, while Sir Francis seized +Scarborough; they would then meet at Beverley and march to take +Pontefract. The day for the attempt was not yet appointed<a id='r307'></a><a href='#f307' class='c012'><sup>[307]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Bigod left Watton on Friday 12 January and rode to Settrington. +On Saturday 13 January he sent a servant to bid Hallam come to +Settrington. Hallam arrived on Sunday 14 January, and found +that Ralph Fenton of Ganton and “the friar of St Robert’s” were +also there. Bigod told them that he had news of a rising in Durham +and another in the west country. Lord Latimer had fled, and the +commons had spoiled the property of Archdeacon Franklin and Robert +Bowes, whom they accused of betraying them<a id='r308'></a><a href='#f308' class='c012'><sup>[308]</sup></a>. Dr John Pickering +had sent news of the attack on Lancaster Herald at Durham<a id='r309'></a><a href='#f309' class='c012'><sup>[309]</sup></a>. Fenton +and Hallam both agreed that Yorkshire must rise too<a id='r310'></a><a href='#f310' class='c012'><sup>[310]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hallam returned to Watton on Monday 15 January. That day +he was visited by three Beverley men, Richard Wilson, Roger Kitchen, +and John Francis a baker. Francis was a quiet man with dangerous +friends. The day before, Wilson and Kitchen had asked him to +go with them “as it were a-mumming,” to break up an assembly +of “the most ancient men” of Beverley, who were making merry +at Catherell’s house, “because they were of a contrary faction in a +dispute concerning the privilege of the town.” Francis refused to go +with them, and when on Monday they invited him to accompany +them to Calkhill he was suspicious, but they assured him that their +<span class='pageno' id='Page_62'>62</span>only object was to make merry with Hallam, and Francis agreed +to go with them. They met Hallam at Hutton Cranswick, and all +drank together at Mr Wade’s<a id='r311'></a><a href='#f311' class='c012'><sup>[311]</sup></a> house. Francis observed that Wilson +and Hallam talked together privately for some time. When the +Beverley men went out to get their horses, Hallam came with them. +On the way to the stable he told them that Sir Francis Bigod had +sent the friar of St Robert’s to Durham to find out whether there was +a new rising. Francis did not like this conversation, and to change +the subject he asked Hallam to sell him “half a score of wheat.” +Hallam replied that he would pass through Beverley on his way +to Hull next day, and they could talk over the bargain then. After +Francis had mounted, the other three went into the stable together +and talked for a long time, until Francis called to them to come. +Wilson and Hallam in the stable revealed their plans to Kitchen. +Wilson promised to bring “a great sort out of Beverley” as soon +as he heard that Hallam had set out to take Hull. Hallam asked +Kitchen to be ready on receiving his message to go to Holderness and +desire Richard Wharton, John Thomson, the bailiff of Brandsburton, +William Barker and William Nicholson to meet Hallam in Hull and +drink a quart of wine with him. At last the Beverley men set out +for home with the impatient Francis<a id='r312'></a><a href='#f312' class='c012'><sup>[312]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>While Hallam was drinking and plotting in Mr Wade’s house at +Hutton Cranswick two messengers sent by Sir Francis Bigod had +arrived at Hallam’s home. Not finding him there, they went to the +Priory, where they gave a man 2<i>d.</i> to bring Hallam to them. The +messengers represented themselves as Bigod’s servants, but one of +them was Friar John Pickering in disguise<a id='r313'></a><a href='#f313' class='c012'><sup>[313]</sup></a>. Before long Hallam +came to the Priory and they delivered to him a letter from Sir +Francis. He sent news that Durham and Richmondshire were up, +that he would attempt to seize Scarborough next day, and that +Hallam must take Hull at the same time and meet him at Beverley +on Wednesday<a id='r314'></a><a href='#f314' class='c012'><sup>[314]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>All this was read aloud and supplemented by the messengers in +the presence of the sub-prior, the Prior of Ellerton, Dr Swinburne +and other canons of Watton assembled in a chamber called the +“Hal sied” [Hall Side]. After the reading of the letter, Hallam +picked out two of the convent servants, Anthony Wright or West +and Lancelot Wilkinson, to accompany him to Hull next day, and +directed the sub-prior to send them and a third, Clement Hudson, and +<span class='pageno' id='Page_63'>63</span>to provide them with money, but they were not to bring horses or +harness. His men were to enter the town in small groups of two or +three, like market folks; they were to go to the market, and begin +bargaining for goods until they heard Hallam cry, “Come hither +to me all good commons!” whereupon they must join him and take +the town. After making these arrangements Hallam left the Priory. +The canons were naturally somewhat fluttered, but either from fear +or from sympathy they obeyed Hallam<a id='r315'></a><a href='#f315' class='c012'><sup>[315]</sup></a>, and the cellarer, Thomas +Lather, delivered to the chosen men 3<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i> to last them for two +days<a id='r316'></a><a href='#f316' class='c012'><sup>[316]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There was no time to be lost if Hull was to be taken next day, for +it was already nearly 7 o’clock at night<a id='r317'></a><a href='#f317' class='c012'><sup>[317]</sup></a>. Taking up his station at +the Priory gates, Hallam began to despatch messengers. He sent +Andrew Cante and John Lowrey, labourers of Watton, to Kitchen +at Beverley to bid him deliver the message that he knew of in +Holderness. John Prowde was despatched to bid William Horskey, +Philip Uty and Thomas Lownde to be at Beverley next day by +sunrise. All were directed to meet Hallam at Beverley next day +as soon as they had done their errands<a id='r318'></a><a href='#f318' class='c012'><sup>[318]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Early next morning, Tuesday 16 January, the little band set +out from Watton in the dark in order to be at Beverley by sunrise. +Hallam wore “a privy coat of fence made with many folds of linen +cloth rosined, and a privy skull on his head, a sword and a buckler.”<a id='r319'></a><a href='#f319' class='c012'><sup>[319]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>At William Cooper’s house in Beverley Hallam met Uty, +Horskey and Langdale; he read Bigod’s letter to them and sent +them on to Hull to open communications with some friends in the +town<a id='r320'></a><a href='#f320' class='c012'><sup>[320]</sup></a>. Although these men were Hallam’s chosen confederates, they +were not very reliable. Langdale said that “what he did was for fear +of his life, for Hallam was so cruel and fierce a man amongst his +neighbours that no man durst disobey him.”<a id='r321'></a><a href='#f321' class='c012'><sup>[321]</sup></a> Both Langdale and +Horskey distrusted Sir Francis Bigod, while Uty knew Hallam but +slightly. As they rode to Hull together their hearts failed them, and +they resolved to betray Hallam to the magistrates. After some +discussion they decided to warn William Crockey, Robert Grey and +Stephen Clare of Hallam’s plot<a id='r322'></a><a href='#f322' class='c012'><sup>[322]</sup></a>; they would ask them to inform the +mayor without mentioning who had given the warning.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The first person whom they visited was Crockey, the deputy-customer. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_64'>64</span>Their pretext was that they wanted to buy a tun of wine, +which had been ordered by the sub-prior of Watton<a id='r323'></a><a href='#f323' class='c012'><sup>[323]</sup></a>. It was now +about 11 o’clock, and as Hallam had intended to be in Hull by 9<a id='r324'></a><a href='#f324' class='c012'><sup>[324]</sup></a>, the +informers knew that they must make haste. Langdale and Uty put +Horskey forward, and he, “abashed and trembling,” took Crockey +apart. Their embarrassment alarmed the deputy-customer so much +that he exclaimed, “What news? How do ye all in your parts?” +Horskey answered, “Naught<a id='r325'></a><a href='#f325' class='c012'><sup>[325]</sup></a>, for we were commanded yesternight +about midnight, pain of death, to be here this day, and for to take +the town, as I suppose.”<a id='r326'></a><a href='#f326' class='c012'><sup>[326]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Crockey at once went and told Robert Grey, who said “he trowed +all would be nought, wherefore let every man do his best.” Not +finding much support in this enigmatic remark, Crockey went next +to Mr Johnson, an alderman, who took him to the mayor’s house. +There they found that they had been forestalled, as “one Fowbery” +was already laying the matter before the mayor<a id='r327'></a><a href='#f327' class='c012'><sup>[327]</sup></a>. This man was +John Fowbery of Newbold, a servant of the Earl of Surrey<a id='r328'></a><a href='#f328' class='c012'><sup>[328]</sup></a>. He +had taken part in the first insurrection<a id='r329'></a><a href='#f329' class='c012'><sup>[329]</sup></a>, and was in Hallam’s +confidence<a id='r330'></a><a href='#f330' class='c012'><sup>[330]</sup></a>. By the time Crockey arrived, Fowbery had disclosed +everything to the mayor and aldermen<a id='r331'></a><a href='#f331' class='c012'><sup>[331]</sup></a>; and they all went to their +houses to arm and prepare to take Hallam<a id='r332'></a><a href='#f332' class='c012'><sup>[332]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Meanwhile the plot was going badly. On entering Hull Hallam +met William Nicholson of Preston, who had often promised, in the +case of a fresh rising, to join him with 100 or 200 men from Holderness. +It was Nicholson who had suggested the plan of smuggling +men into Hull on market-day as if to attend the market, and Hallam +had sent Kitchen to warn him of the attempt the night before<a id='r333'></a><a href='#f333' class='c012'><sup>[333]</sup></a>. +By ill-luck Nicholson had set out for Hull before Kitchen arrived<a id='r334'></a><a href='#f334' class='c012'><sup>[334]</sup></a>. +He had not received the message and therefore had brought no men. +Hallam told him to see what friends he had in the town who could be +trusted in the matter<a id='r335'></a><a href='#f335' class='c012'><sup>[335]</sup></a>. The bailiff of Snaith had sent to Hallam +after Christmas to let him know that if he made any fresh attempt all +the commons of that part would join him, and it would seem that +Hallam had sent a message to Snaith which also miscarried, but this +is not certain.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_65'>65</span>Thus Hallam found himself with no support but his own small +band. The attitude of the commons in the town was hostile, and he +resolved to abandon the enterprise. He told the men who were with +him to go home, mounted his horse, and rode out of the Beverley +Gate to a watering-place beside a windmill. Looking back, he saw +the town gates were “a-sparring” [being fastened]. At the watering-place +he met Marshall, clerk of Beswick, and John Fowbery the traitor. +Marshall, who really sympathised with Hallam, exclaimed, “Fie! will +ye go your ways and leave your men behind you<a id='r336'></a><a href='#f336' class='c012'><sup>[336]</sup></a>?” The situation +was a very tempting one. Hallam was mounted and free to join +Bigod, or, if all else failed, to make his way to Scotland. He had +warned his men, and the town gates were on the point of being shut. +To go back was certain death. This history contains many examples +of weakness and betrayal, but from time to time they are redeemed +by some act of high courage and faith, such as that which Hallam now +achieved. He turned and rode back to Hull.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The traitor Fowbery played his part to the last; exclaiming, +“And I will turn again to seek for some of my neighbours that be +there too,” he rode ahead of Hallam to the gates, where two of the +aldermen, William Knolles and John Eland, were giving orders<a id='r337'></a><a href='#f337' class='c012'><sup>[337]</sup></a>. +These were the aldermen who had surrendered Hull to the rebels<a id='r338'></a><a href='#f338' class='c012'><sup>[338]</sup></a>. +Fowbery called out, “An you look not shortly of your man Hallam, +he will subdue you all.” Eland answered, “I know him not,” and +Fowbery said, “Yon is he that is on horseback in the yeatts [gates] +and ye may see the people assemble hastily till him.” Eland grasped +Knolles by the arm, crying, “Go way, for we will have him,” and +they went up to Hallam together<a id='r339'></a><a href='#f339' class='c012'><sup>[339]</sup></a>. He, from outside, asked them to +let his neighbours come out before they barred the gates<a id='r340'></a><a href='#f340' class='c012'><sup>[340]</sup></a>. The two +aldermen came out and asked him his name; he answered, “My +name is Hallam.” Knolles said, “Then thou art the false traitor +that I look for.”<a id='r341'></a><a href='#f341' class='c012'><sup>[341]</sup></a> The aldermen were standing one on each side +of his horse, and at the word they both attacked him with their +daggers, but his coat of fence saved him. There was a general struggle. +Hallam’s neighbours and the city guard both ran out to help their +respective champions. Knolles was knocked down, but rescued by +his men, and seized Hallam’s companions. Eland clung to Hallam, +and, striking at him, cut his bridle rein. He was afraid that Hallam +would escape, but the horse fell into the Busse ditch, and Hallam was +<span class='pageno' id='Page_66'>66</span>forced to dismount. He drew his sword and “many stripes were +taken among them.” They “bickered together” until they were +both badly wounded and Hallam was at length captured<a id='r342'></a><a href='#f342' class='c012'><sup>[342]</sup></a>. There +were only two men with him, Thomas Water and John Prowde<a id='r343'></a><a href='#f343' class='c012'><sup>[343]</sup></a>. As +the prisoners were being led through the streets, William Nicholson +attempted to create a diversion in their favour. He cried to the +guards, “Jesus! What mean ye? Will ye murder me now?” and +there was another fray, in which Nicholson was wounded and captured<a id='r344'></a><a href='#f344' class='c012'><sup>[344]</sup></a>. +So ended the disastrous attempt to recover Hull.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Bigod’s letter declared that he had received positive news that the +commons of Durham and Richmond intended to rise on 16 January, +the day on which the simultaneous attempts on Hull and Scarborough +were made. These messages have not been preserved, but +Sir Francis acted on them at once, and on Monday 15 January his +servants were despatched in every direction to call out men for the +new rising. Besides the two who went to Watton, one was sent +to Bigod’s friend the Prior of Malton, to order a muster there next +day<a id='r345'></a><a href='#f345' class='c012'><sup>[345]</sup></a>. Another was sent to Durham with letters for Auckland, +Staindrop, Richmond and the city of Durham, enclosing a new oath<a id='r346'></a><a href='#f346' class='c012'><sup>[346]</sup></a>. +This man arrived at Brancepeth on Wednesday 17 January<a id='r347'></a><a href='#f347' class='c012'><sup>[347]</sup></a>. On the +same Monday Bigod summoned to him William Levening of Acklam, +and caused him to take the new oath. He told him the news from +Durham and Richmond, and ordered him to send a summons to +a muster at Borough next day to all the neighbouring constables<a id='r348'></a><a href='#f348' class='c012'><sup>[348]</sup></a>. +At night the beacon at Settrington was lighted<a id='r349'></a><a href='#f349' class='c012'><sup>[349]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The nearest gentleman was George Lumley of Thwing, who was +just recovering from an illness. Richard Simpson, the constable of +Thwing, came to him as he lay in bed on Tuesday morning, +16 January, with news of the summons and the beacon. Lumley, +his wife, and the constable, were all thrown into great perplexity, as +they did not know whether this was a muster on behalf of the King +or against him. At first Lumley thought of sending a servant to +make inquiries, but in the end he decided to go himself, “for an if +the assembly were for the King, ... it was his duty to be there. And +if it were about any new business of commotion, then he thought +it was best for him to go thither also for to stay them, or else it +<span class='pageno' id='Page_67'>67</span>might be laid to his charge afterward that seeing there were few +gentlemen else in that quarter that he did not endeavour himself to +stay them.... Thinking at the least way, if he could do no good among +them, he would do no harm.” He set out, therefore, taking with him +two servants<a id='r350'></a><a href='#f350' class='c012'><sup>[350]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At Borough they met a body of men, who conducted them to an +assembly of about thirty or forty persons on a little “howe” [hill]. +These men had no idea why they were summoned, but had come in +response to the beacon. Presently Sir Francis Bigod appeared at the +head of about a hundred horsemen. George Lumley tried to draw +him aside to question him, but Bigod said that “he would commune +with no man of any thing but that the whole company should be +privy unto.” Thereupon he mounted the hillock and addressed those +who had assembled. George Lumley afterwards gave the substance +of his speech in a medley of oratio recta and oratio obliqua:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“He declared to the people that there were many causes that they had need +to look upon, or else they should be all shortly destroyed; for the gentlemen of +the country (said he) had deceived the commons. And said that the Bishopric +and Cleveland were up already and would go forward to have their articles +fulfilled, trusting that you will not now leave them in the dust seeing they took +your part afore, and it is in the defence of all your weals. For my Lord of +Norfolk is coming down with twenty thousand men to take Hull and Scarborough +and other haven towns, which shall be our destruction unless we prevent him +therein and take them before. And so I and my fellow Hallam purpose to do, for +we are both appointed to meet at Beverley this night and so to raise the country +and go forward to Hull<a id='r351'></a><a href='#f351' class='c012'><sup>[351]</sup></a>. And I think it necessary that you command Mr Lumley +here to go with you to Scarborough to take the Castle and town and keep the +port and haven from any such as should come in there to be your destruction, as +I have written a letter to the bailiffs of Scarborough that they should help thus +to do with the aid of you the commons that I shall send unto them.”<a id='r352'></a><a href='#f352' class='c012'><sup>[352]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Francis then brought out two letters, which he gave to Lumley, +charging him on pain of death to deliver them. One was to the +bailiffs of Scarborough, and the other was to the dowager countess +of Northumberland to request her to summon Sir Thomas Percy +to come forward with all his men, with the promise that Bigod +and the commons would restore his lands to him. Lumley opened +and read the second letter, and then despatched one of his servants +with it.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_68'>68</span>After giving him the letters, Bigod continued his speech:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Also ye are deceived by a colour of a pardon, for it is called a pardon that +ye have and it is none but a proclamation.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>At this point he read aloud a copy of the pardon, and then went on:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“It is no more but as if I would say unto you, the King’s grace will give you a +pardon, and bade you go to the Chancery and fetch it. And yet the same is +no pardon. Also here ye are called rebells, by the which ye shall knowledge +yourselves to have done against the King, which is contrary to your oath.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>The commons, who had always been suspicious of the pardon, +were very much moved by this. One cried out, “The King hath +sent us the fawcet and keepeth the spigot himself!” while another +said that “as for the pardon it makes no matter whether they had +any or not, for they never offended the King nor his laws, wherefore +they should need to have any pardon.” After the clamour had died +down, Bigod proceeded:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“A parliament is appointed as they say, but neither the place where nor the +time when it should be kept is appointed. And also here is that the King should +have cure both of your body and soul, which is plain false, for it is against the +Gospel of Christ, and that will I justify even to my death. And therefore if +ye will take my part in this and defend it, I will not fail you so long as I live to +the uttermost of my power; and who will so do assure me by your hands and +hold them up.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Thereupon all present held up their hands with a great shout and +cried that they would strike off the head of any man who did not do +as they did. A tall man dressed like a priest, who had come with +Bigod, said that “if they went not forward, all was lost that they had +done before, for all was but falsehood that was wrought against them.” +He was probably one of the ever-zealous friars of Knaresborough. +Bigod promised the commons that “the fat priests’ benefices of the +south that were not resident upon the same and money of the +suppressed abbeys should find the poor soldiers that were not able +to bear their own charges.” He told Lumley and the commons who +were to remain with him that he had already summoned the wapentake +of Dickering to join them<a id='r353'></a><a href='#f353' class='c012'><sup>[353]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Then Sir Francis rode away with his horsemen in the direction of +Hull, and Lumley was left to occupy Scarborough with about forty +men. His position was a very awkward one. Bigod’s speech must +have made a great impression even on Lumley, as he was able to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_69'>69</span>repeat so much of it three weeks afterwards, and it had roused +intense enthusiasm among the commons. As Sir Francis disappeared +they exclaimed, “Blessed was the day that Sir Francis Bigod, Ralph +Fenton, John Hallam and the friar of St Robert’s met together, +for an if they had not set their heads together this matter had +never been bolted out.” They were ready to be led on any enterprise, +but unfortunately George Lumley was far from being ready to lead +them. In character he bore a marked resemblance to one of Sir +Walter Scott’s weaker-minded heroes, such as Edward Waverley; +he was a well-meaning but ordinary young man, quite unequal to +the task of making up his mind, or assuming a grave responsibility. +He had hesitated before setting out, and his vague hopes that it +might prove to be a muster for the King, or that he might induce the +commons to disperse, were now at an end. In all the previous course +of the rebellion he had never done anything on his own initiative. +At the present moment, although his intentions were loyal to the +King, he found himself with a single servant surrounded by forty +excited and resolute countrymen. The number was not great for +taking a fortress, but it was too many for him to persuade or command +to depart. Accordingly he submitted to circumstances and set out +for Scarborough. On the way, at a place called Monyhouse, he found +a muster of the Dickering men, as Sir Francis had expected. They +were all ready to march to Scarborough, but Lumley would take with +him only two men from each township, and dismissed the rest to +their homes. Even with this limitation his force was raised to six or +seven score, too many for Lumley’s comfort, but too few to please his +followers, who insisted on summoning Pickering Lythe to muster +next day at Spittels to give them aid if they should need it<a id='r354'></a><a href='#f354' class='c012'><sup>[354]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At the same time they sent to the Priory of Bridlington for help. +The prior asserted that he ordered his men not to obey the summons +and armed them in order that they might resist the rebels if they +came that way, but he was accused of arming them for and not +against Lumley<a id='r355'></a><a href='#f355' class='c012'><sup>[355]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lumley’s company entered Scarborough without encountering the +least opposition. Lumley issued a proclamation that no one should +take anything without paying for it, and that no revenge should +be attempted against the men who had defended the castle during +the last rebellion. By this time it must have been evening, and +he went to his lodging for the night, but the commons were not yet +<span class='pageno' id='Page_70'>70</span>satisfied. They were afraid that forces might make their way into +the castle, which was unoccupied. In order to secure it, they wished +to take up their quarters in it. Lumley would not permit this. He +replied that “he would not be of their counsel to enter into the +castle, for it was the King’s house, and there had they nor he +nothing to do. And their oath was to do no thing against the +King.” In the face of this argument the commons did not insist +upon entering the castle, but they set a watch round it, in order that +no one should surprise it. Lumley went back to his lodging, where +he found some more of his servants. About midnight he sent one of +them to old Sir Ralph Evers to warn him that the castle was guarded, +and to assure him that Lumley would do his best to persuade the +commons to go home quietly, and that he hoped in a short time +young Sir Ralph would be able to occupy the castle without any +opposition.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Next morning, Wednesday 17 January, Lumley and the commons +met the bailiffs of the town at the Grey Friars. The town officers +took the oath to be true to the commons according to a new form +prescribed by Sir Francis Bigod, “the effect whereof was in all things +like the former oath with this addition, that no man should give +counsel to any man to sit still until such time as they had obtained +their former wishes.”<a id='r356'></a><a href='#f356' class='c012'><sup>[356]</sup></a> Bigod seems to have drawn up several +forms of the oath; another draft enjoined the commons to keep their +former oath, “and not urging any to join them, to prepare themselves +to battle against the undoers of Christ’s Church and the +common wealth.”<a id='r357'></a><a href='#f357' class='c012'><sup>[357]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>After administering the oath the commons demanded that three +of Sir Ralph Evers’ servants should be surrendered to them. These +were Guy Fishe, Lancelot Lacy and one Lockwood. The commons +had resolved to put them to death on account of their part in the +defence of the castle. Lockwood and probably the other two also +were present at the Grey Friars. By “fervent request and long +entreaty” George Lumley prevailed upon his men to spare them.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The commons next resolved to enter the castle, but here again +the exhortations of Lumley and the bailiffs of the town induced +them to give up their purpose for the present.</p> + +<p class='c011'>By this time Lumley and his followers must have been heartily +tired of one another, and accordingly he met with no opposition +when he said that he must go home and attend to his own business. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_71'>71</span>John Wyvell was chosen captain in his place, and Lumley prepared +to depart. He said that Wyvell had enough men to keep the town, +and ordered his own company to return with him; he also took +Lancelot Lacy, one of the threatened men. Wyvell complained that +he would be “left very sklender,” and that men from the neighbouring +villages must be summoned to supply the place of Lumley’s +men. Lumley promised to send him aid next day and rode off.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lumley went first to Spittels, the place appointed for the muster +of Pickering Lythe. On the way he met small bands of commons +going to or returning from the muster. He told them that their +fellows had resolved to hold Scarborough, and ordered them to go to +its defence that night and to return home next day, as he would +then send more men. By the time he reached Spittels those who +had attended the muster had all gone home, for he had purposely +delayed his arrival. He felt himself now in a position to dismiss his +own men, and therefore ordered them all to depart to their houses +and not to rise in response to any summons or beacon unless he sent +for them in his own name. In the meanwhile he promised to lay +their doubts before the Duke of Norfolk and “know his pleasure +therein.” They said that they would not rise at the summons of +any man but Lumley himself or Sir Thomas Percy. Lumley urged +them to make no exceptions—“if ye should rise at his calling or any +other man’s then were I in a sore case, for then should I be left +alone.” But they still persisted that if Sir Thomas summoned them +they must rise; on this understanding they disbanded, and George +Lumley went home<a id='r358'></a><a href='#f358' class='c012'><sup>[358]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Francis Bigod was sufficiently clear-sighted to see that Hull +was the point on which his energies must be concentrated. With +Hull in his possession, the King could overawe all the East Riding, +where disaffection was most active, but if the town were in the hands +of the commons, it would be a substantial guarantee for the forthcoming +parliament. Accordingly on the first day of the rising he +set out to support Hallam’s attack on Hull, which was of vital +importance to his success, leaving only a small party to occupy +Scarborough, which was a point of much less value, as the experience +of the last insurrection had proved. In all his movements his characteristic +qualities appear. He had very good ideas, but he was quite +incapable of carrying them out. He could see what might be done, +and what ought to be done, but he had no power of organisation. +Having decided that Scarborough ought to be taken, he despatched +<span class='pageno' id='Page_72'>72</span>the first gentleman whom he encountered to take it, without stopping +to consider whether his agent was capable of performing the task.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After Sir Francis left Borough on Tuesday morning, his movements +cannot be definitely traced for the next two days, but he had +given orders for a muster at Bainton, a place within a few miles of +Beverley, on Wednesday 17 January<a id='r359'></a><a href='#f359' class='c012'><sup>[359]</sup></a>. During these two days there +was great activity among the responsible leaders of the Pilgrimage. +The news of the attempt on Hull spread quickly. On the very day, +Tuesday 16 January, the mayor of Hull sent to the Ellerkers for +help, and they passed on the news to Darcy. Bigod’s letter had +been found on Hallam, and thus they learnt of the attack on Scarborough<a id='r360'></a><a href='#f360' class='c012'><sup>[360]</sup></a>. +Sir Robert Constable received warning of what had taken +place the same day, and wrote about it to Aske from his house at +Holme in Spalding Moor. He attributed the rising to the alarm +caused by the printed answer to the first petition, and suggested +that Aske should come to him and that they might ride to Hull +together to declare the King’s true answer<a id='r361'></a><a href='#f361' class='c012'><sup>[361]</sup></a>. At the same time he +sent out several manifestoes to the disaffected parts of the country, +assuring all men that the parliament, coronation and convocation +were to be held at Whitsuntide in York; “wherefore, good and +loving neighbours, let us stay ourselves and resist those who are +disposed to spoil.”<a id='r362'></a><a href='#f362' class='c012'><sup>[362]</sup></a> He explained that he was prevented by illness +from coming in person to reassure them, as he was suffering from +a severe attack of gout<a id='r363'></a><a href='#f363' class='c012'><sup>[363]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>One of these manifestoes was sent to his son Sir Marmaduke +Constable, who despatched it to Thwing. George Lumley sent it +on to Scarborough on Thursday 18 January, with orders that the +commons there must all depart to their homes, after receiving such +a favourable answer<a id='r364'></a><a href='#f364' class='c012'><sup>[364]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske was at Osgodby on Wednesday 17 January, where he +received Constable’s letter. He was very much distressed by the +news, as he saw that it threatened to destroy the hopes of success +which he still entertained. He obeyed Sir Robert’s summons and +set out for Holme, after forwarding the letter to Darcy with a +request for advice and an exhortation that Darcy would maintain +order in his own quarter<a id='r365'></a><a href='#f365' class='c012'><sup>[365]</sup></a>. Darcy replied immediately that although +<span class='pageno' id='Page_73'>73</span>he heard very dreadful rumours he was able to keep his own parts +quiet, in spite of the fact that he was confined to his bed<a id='r366'></a><a href='#f366' class='c012'><sup>[366]</sup></a>. Darcy +also sent congratulations to Hull on the capture of the rebels<a id='r367'></a><a href='#f367' class='c012'><sup>[367]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the morning of Thursday 18 January Sir Francis Bigod +reached Bainton, and held a muster there<a id='r368'></a><a href='#f368' class='c012'><sup>[368]</sup></a>. By this time he had of +course received news of Hallam’s failure, and his first object was to +rescue the prisoners in Hull. From Bainton he wrote to Sir Robert +Constable, enclosing the new oath. He stated the reasons for the +new rebellion, and begged Constable to send him advice as there +was no man whom the commons trusted so much<a id='r369'></a><a href='#f369' class='c012'><sup>[369]</sup></a>. He despatched +three men to Hull to demand the release of Hallam and the other +prisoners, and awaited the replies to both messages at Bainton<a id='r370'></a><a href='#f370' class='c012'><sup>[370]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Robert Constable’s answer was soon brought. Aske was with +him at Holme and they both sent remonstrances. Their position +was a very difficult one. If they disowned the new movement uncompromisingly, +they would forfeit their influence over the commons, +with the result that they would be regarded as traitors and their +words would have no effect. As they were sincerely opposed to +Bigod’s rising, they wished to check it and prevent ill consequences, +not merely to demonstrate their own loyalty. Accordingly the gist +of their letters was an assurance that the King’s pardon was genuine, +that the parliament and the coronation were to be held in York, and +that the Duke of Norfolk was coming with only a small train.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske’s letter was addressed to the commons, and warned them +that “Bigod intended to have destroyed the effects of our petitions”; +and that they had done very foolishly in listening to him. However, +Aske would represent to the King that they had acted through +ignorance and fear, and if they dispersed quietly he did not doubt +that the King would pardon them<a id='r371'></a><a href='#f371' class='c012'><sup>[371]</sup></a>. Sir Robert Constable wrote to +Bigod. He repeated the assurances of the King’s good intentions. +He could not come himself because he had gout, but Aske was +willing to come to them and tell them what he had heard from the +King’s own lips. The commons ought to be satisfied with this and +remain quiet until Norfolk’s coming. The present rising was contrary +to the appointment at Doncaster, and it was a bad time of +year for fighting. The best thing that Bigod could do would be to +send the commons home again<a id='r372'></a><a href='#f372' class='c012'><sup>[372]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_74'>74</span>These letters were received by Sir Francis Bigod at Bainton and +when they were read aloud it was agreed that a safe-conduct should +be sent to Aske, in order that he might come and speak to them. +Just then Woodmancey came to Bigod with a private message from +Beverley, and orders were given that the host should enter the +town<a id='r373'></a><a href='#f373' class='c012'><sup>[373]</sup></a>. Old Sir Ralph Ellerker had taken up his quarters there at +the first alarm<a id='r374'></a><a href='#f374' class='c012'><sup>[374]</sup></a>, but he was not able to offer any resistance, and +Bigod entered Beverley at about four o’clock on Thursday afternoon +with between three and four hundred men<a id='r375'></a><a href='#f375' class='c012'><sup>[375]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There he received a letter from Sir Oswald Wolsthrope commanding +the commons to disperse<a id='r376'></a><a href='#f376' class='c012'><sup>[376]</sup></a>. Bigod replied that the commons +would not trust Sir Oswald, because he and the other gentlemen had +deceived them before<a id='r377'></a><a href='#f377' class='c012'><sup>[377]</sup></a>. With this reply he sent a letter to the Dean +and Chapter of York<a id='r378'></a><a href='#f378' class='c012'><sup>[378]</sup></a>, to whom he announced that the commons +assembled at Beverley demanded their support<a id='r379'></a><a href='#f379' class='c012'><sup>[379]</sup></a>. This letter shows +once more Bigod’s extraordinary mixture of insight and stupidity. +The commons are represented as saying that “all will be undone if +they do not go forward whilst they yet have pledges for the performance +of their petitions and are not in captivity like the men of +Lincolnshire and even of Hull. It behoves the clergy to prevent the +danger, for the King understands from the gentlemen that the +Church began the last assembly.” No warning could have been +more true, yet no attempt to avert the danger could have been more +futile than Bigod’s. When he wrote these letters his plans were all +in confusion, for the one to the Dean and Chapter indicates that he +intended to advance on York, while in the other to Sir Oswald +Wolsthrope he said that his forces would withdraw into Richmondshire, +there to draw up a petition to the King<a id='r380'></a><a href='#f380' class='c012'><sup>[380]</sup></a>. His bewilderment +was natural, for his prospects were becoming more and more gloomy.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Young Sir Ralph Ellerker, who was in Hull, made two of Bigod’s +messengers prisoners, on the ground that they were traitors and had +no safe-conduct, and sent the third back with an answer which he +thought was enough to terrify Sir Francis out of Beverley. Old +Sir Ralph sent to his son for help; the latter promised to be with +him next day at noon and gave orders for the mustering of Holderness<a id='r381'></a><a href='#f381' class='c012'><sup>[381]</sup></a>. +Bigod had written to Rudston, who had been the captain of +Holderness in the last rising, but Rudston replied that he was +<span class='pageno' id='Page_75'>75</span>pledged to the King and went to join Ellerker. Sir Robert Constable +also wrote to Rudston, as soon as he heard that Rudston was going +to Hull. He commissioned him to ask Ellerker to come to Holme +with a copy of “the King’s letter,” in order to pacify the commons. +Sir Robert was keeping a watch upon Bigod’s movements and had +his men in readiness, but he had just written to Bigod and would +not stir until he had received an answer. His advice was that +Ellerker should set free Bigod’s messengers, as they had only done +their master’s bidding<a id='r382'></a><a href='#f382' class='c012'><sup>[382]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>As nothing but messages of disapproval and news of hostile +musters poured in upon Sir Francis at Beverley that night, he and +his followers entirely lost heart, while old Sir Ralph Ellerker and +the loyalists of the town were much encouraged. Young Sir Ralph +was to arrive next morning, Friday 19 January, but long before he +was expected his father decided that the forces in the town were +strong enough to attack without further delay. No details of the +fray have been preserved, but before the late winter dawn had +broken, old Sir Ralph and his men had chased the rebels out of +Beverley and made sixty-two prisoners<a id='r383'></a><a href='#f383' class='c012'><sup>[383]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Young Sir Ralph, who had sent to Lincolnshire for reinforcements +and to the King for ammunition, mustered the men of +Cottingham and Holderness within two miles of the town before +8 o’clock in the morning, and arrived at Beverley too late to do anything +but congratulate the victors and carry off the prisoners to Hull. +Gratifying as the victory was, young Sir Ralph, in his report to +the King, criticised some of the proceedings. He was disappointed +that no one had been killed; if he had been there no quarter should +have been given. It was also a great blemish that Sir Francis +Bigod had been able to make his escape; no one knew whither he +had fled<a id='r384'></a><a href='#f384' class='c012'><sup>[384]</sup></a>. Nevertheless, in spite of these drawbacks, the danger in +the East Riding was at an end, and it remained only to spread the +news up and down the country<a id='r385'></a><a href='#f385' class='c012'><sup>[385]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After Sir Francis Bigod’s flight the papers which he left in his +room at Beverley were seized by Matthew Boynton<a id='r386'></a><a href='#f386' class='c012'><sup>[386]</sup></a>, son-in-law of +Sir John Bulmer<a id='r387'></a><a href='#f387' class='c012'><sup>[387]</sup></a>. Among them was the “book” containing his +opinion on the supremacy and on other points of church government, +which Sir Francis had read to Hallam<a id='r388'></a><a href='#f388' class='c012'><sup>[388]</sup></a>, and some letters directed to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_76'>76</span>the Lord Mayor of York, which were forwarded by the town officers of +Beverley with the news that Bigod had “left early in the morning,” +and a warning that the city and neighbourhood of York must be +kept in order<a id='r389'></a><a href='#f389' class='c012'><sup>[389]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Boynton wrote to his father-in-law to warn him that Bigod was +thought to have fled to Cleveland with the intention of raising the +commons there. It would be a most acceptable piece of service to +the King if Sir John could capture him<a id='r390'></a><a href='#f390' class='c012'><sup>[390]</sup></a>. Boynton did not know +the painful situation in which Sir John was placed. It is tolerably +certain that Sir Francis Bigod had revealed his intentions to +Bulmer, who was his uncle by marriage. Margaret, Sir John’s +second wife, William Staynhus his chaplain, and Ralph his eldest +son by his first marriage, also knew of the scheme. His wife and +the chaplain urged him to join his nephew, saying that the commons +wanted but a head, that if one rose all would, and that if the +other gentlemen rose he must do the like<a id='r391'></a><a href='#f391' class='c012'><sup>[391]</sup></a>. Sir John himself had +no inclination for rising. He was the lessee of the suppressed +nunnery of Rosedale<a id='r392'></a><a href='#f392' class='c012'><sup>[392]</sup></a>, and had been taken by the commons with +violence in the first insurrection<a id='r393'></a><a href='#f393' class='c012'><sup>[393]</sup></a>, in which he had played no +particular part. He was a nervous, excitable man, very unfit for +any dangerous enterprise. Yet in consequence of his temperament +Sir Francis’ doubts about the validity of the pardon made a great +impression upon him. He would not join his nephew’s hopeless +attempt, but he sent his son Ralph up to London in order to +discover the King’s real purpose. When he received Boynton’s +message he was anxiously expecting news from Ralph<a id='r394'></a><a href='#f394' class='c012'><sup>[394]</sup></a>. In the +circumstances it is not surprising that he did not take Sir Francis.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King was well informed as to the progress of events. On +Thursday 18 January Aske sent news of Hallam’s attempt, Bigod’s +musters, and the agitation in the north and west. He reported that +the commons of the north and west “repaired to no worshipful +men,” but made their fellows captains. All the gentlemen were +doing their best to quiet the people, and he begged the King to +send Norfolk immediately<a id='r395'></a><a href='#f395' class='c012'><sup>[395]</sup></a>. On the same day the mayor of Hull +sent the King a full report of Hallam’s attempt and the arrival of +Bigod’s messengers, enclosing the first examinations of six of Hallam’s +men and John Eland’s own account of Hallam’s capture<a id='r396'></a><a href='#f396' class='c012'><sup>[396]</sup></a>. Since its +<span class='pageno' id='Page_77'>77</span>capitulation to the Pilgrims, the town of Hull had been in disgrace +with the King, and trade had been interrupted<a id='r397'></a><a href='#f397' class='c012'><sup>[397]</sup></a>. Consequently the +burgesses were delighted to have this opportunity of re-establishing +their credit with the government. Other letters spread the tidings +of the rebels’ defeat<a id='r398'></a><a href='#f398' class='c012'><sup>[398]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The news from Scarborough was equally favourable to the King. +George Lumley, anxious to prove his ignorance of Bigod’s plot, +resolved to surrender to the Duke of Norfolk. He has been compared +to a hero of Sir Walter Scott’s, but unfortunately real life +does not show the happy turns of a romance; there was no quick-witted +outlaw or faithful gipsy to spirit him away to Scotland and +safety in spite of himself, and in the innocence of his heart he went +straight to his death<a id='r399'></a><a href='#f399' class='c012'><sup>[399]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The leaders of the commons at Scarborough were Ralph Fenton +and John Wyvell. They must have heard of Bigod’s flight after they +were abandoned by Lumley, and finding themselves completely +deserted by their leaders and without support, they offered no resistance +when young Sir Ralph Evers occupied the town. The date of +this is not certain, but he probably set out as soon as Lumley surrendered +himself. Sir Ralph imprisoned Wyvell and Fenton, but +used no further severity. He “gave the people comfortable words,” +and induced them to promise obedience and “to wear a cross of St +George.” The wearing of these crosses was a sign that they thankfully +accepted the pardon and meant to be as loyal as before the +insurrection<a id='r400'></a><a href='#f400' class='c012'><sup>[400]</sup></a>. Gregory Conyers, who seems to have been at court +about Twelfth Night, on his return to the north spread the story +that “the King himself of Sunday after Twelfthtide ... openly in the +presence of all noblemen and worshipful men of the country and +many other ... laid his hand of his breast and swore by the faith that +he did bear to God and St George he had not only forgiven and +pardoned all his subjects of the north by his writing under seal, +but also freely in his heart.”<a id='r401'></a><a href='#f401' class='c012'><sup>[401]</sup></a> The neighbourhood of Scarborough +appeared to be quiet, but for fear of disturbances in other parts +Evers garrisoned and prepared the castle<a id='r402'></a><a href='#f402' class='c012'><sup>[402]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Ralph Evers had prudently taken only two prisoners, but at +Hull there were over seventy, and the first question which confronted +the gentlemen there was how to deal with them. All those who +<span class='pageno' id='Page_78'>78</span>had come to the defence of Hull met on Saturday 20 January to +consider the matter. There were now in prison at Hull Hallam, +Kitchen and six of their company, Bigod’s two messengers, and the +sixty-two prisoners who had been taken at Beverley; it must have +been difficult to find room in the town to keep so many safely. It +was impossible to release Hallam and his fellows, but while some of +the gentlemen advised that all the prisoners should be kept in ward, +others wished to keep only the leaders of the Beverley captives, +while others again thought that all might be released on bail. +Monketon, who was sent by Robert Aske, strongly urged the last-named +course upon them, and it was finally adopted, partly because +it was the most convenient, partly because there were no prisoners +of importance and all declared that they had come against their +wills, and partly because the responsibility for it could be laid upon +Aske<a id='r403'></a><a href='#f403' class='c012'><sup>[403]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The result of the attempt on Hull was to bring about the very +thing that the commons had feared, namely, the fortification of the +town by the King. When the prisoners had been disposed of, young +Sir Ralph Ellerker made a full report to Henry, with a request that +gunners and gunpowder might be sent to him, and that he might be +allowed a body of two hundred horsemen until the country was in +better order<a id='r404'></a><a href='#f404' class='c012'><sup>[404]</sup></a>. The request was justified by the fact that Bigod’s +agitation had spread much further than the East Riding. Bigod +believed that Durham, Richmondshire and the west were on the +point of rising; when the immediate danger had been averted at +Hull and Scarborough it still remained to be seen whether there +might not be a more formidable host coming from the north.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Wednesday 17 January two of Bigod’s messengers to the +north were taken. Sir William Mallory discovered one of them near +Northallerton, and sent to the Duke of Norfolk a letter from Bigod, +which was found in the man’s possession, urging the commons of +Swaledale to rise<a id='r405'></a><a href='#f405' class='c012'><sup>[405]</sup></a>. The other messenger took a letter and a copy +of the new oath to Durham, and delivered them to the bailiff and +Cuthbert Richardson. The officers of the town returned answer +that the men of Durham had sworn to rise for no one but the Earl +of Westmorland or the King, and that they would “stick to the +King’s pardon.” As the Bishop of Durham was still at Norham, +they sent the letter and the messenger to the Earl of Westmorland +at Brancepeth<a id='r406'></a><a href='#f406' class='c012'><sup>[406]</sup></a>. The Earl was rather an incapable character, but at +<span class='pageno' id='Page_79'>79</span>least he had the wisdom to know his own weakness. Having heard +a rumour that he was to be made warden of one of the Marches, he +had hurried south to his uncle Lord Sandys, in order, if possible, to +prevent the dreaded appointment<a id='r407'></a><a href='#f407' class='c012'><sup>[407]</sup></a>. He left an efficient deputy in +the person of his wife Katharine, daughter of the late Duke of +Buckingham, who “rather playeth the part of a knight than of +a lady.”<a id='r408'></a><a href='#f408' class='c012'><sup>[408]</sup></a> When the bailiff of Durham brought Bigod’s letter and +messenger to the countess on Thursday 18 January, she gave orders +for the apprehension of any others who might come, thanked the +bailiff, and sent a copy of the letter to her husband, directing him +to show it to the Lord Privy Seal. Her conclusion was, “I and all +honest men long for your coming home.” The letter was laid before +the Privy Council<a id='r409'></a><a href='#f409' class='c012'><sup>[409]</sup></a>, but in spite of the Countess’ vigour, when the +townsfolk of Durham heard what their bailiff had done, they seized +him and threatened to strike off his head if the messenger was not +released, and the bailiff was obliged to contrive that the prisoner +should be set free.<a id='r410'></a><a href='#f410' class='c012'><sup>[410]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>It was not Bigod’s letters, however, which were the real danger +in the north, but a secret agitation going on among the commons. +Its originators are unknown. Proclamations and manifestos appeared +and passed from hand to hand, or were fastened on church doors, no +one knowing whence they came. Several of these manifestos were +seized and sent to the King. They were all of a popular character, +and show no trace of Bigod’s influence. One of them was headed, +“These be articles that men may perceive that this entreaty is but +feigned policy to subdue the commons withal,” and proceeded to show +that the terms made at Doncaster had not been kept. The abbeys +had been restored only by the commons, and many of the farmers had +sold the abbey lands and fled out of the country. A parliament had +been promised in York “on the twentieth day,” but it had never been +held. Cromwell was as high in favour as ever. No man was pardoned +unless he would acknowledge the King to be Supreme Head of the +Church. Aske had received great rewards in London for betraying +the commons. Hull was being fortified. Therefore if the commons +would save themselves, they must rise at once and make their own +leaders, trusting the gentlemen no more<a id='r411'></a><a href='#f411' class='c012'><sup>[411]</sup></a>. This may have been the bill +sent up to Norfolk by Lord Scrope from Bolton on 27 January<a id='r412'></a><a href='#f412' class='c012'><sup>[412]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Friday 19 January a bill appeared in Richmond ordering the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_80'>80</span>commons of every township to rise on pain of death, to seize the +gentlemen and to make them swear upon the mass-book to maintain +the profit of Holy Church, to take nothing of their tenants but the +rent, to put down Cromwell and all heretics, and to prevent all lords +and gentlemen from going up to London. If any gentlemen refused +to take the oath he was to be put to death and his heir seized and +sworn in his stead. This bill was taken by Sir Thomas Wharton +on Sunday 21 January<a id='r413'></a><a href='#f413' class='c012'><sup>[413]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The fact that this agitation was going on further north was +known at Hull, and it was feared that Sir Francis Bigod had fled +only to raise Cleveland<a id='r414'></a><a href='#f414' class='c012'><sup>[414]</sup></a>. On Saturday 20 January Darcy informed +Shrewsbury that the commons of the north were coming forward, +and that they entered the houses of Lord Latimer, the Earl of Westmorland, +and other gentlemen who had gone up to the King, and +made inventories of their goods with the intention of seizing them +if their owners did not return at once<a id='r415'></a><a href='#f415' class='c012'><sup>[415]</sup></a>. Lord Latimer heard on the +same day that the commons of Richmondshire had seized his house +at Snape. He was on his way to London, but had been ordered to +turn back and wait on Norfolk in York<a id='r416'></a><a href='#f416' class='c012'><sup>[416]</sup></a>. The property of the +detested Beckwith at Stillingfleet was plundered again on Friday +19 January<a id='r417'></a><a href='#f417' class='c012'><sup>[417]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In addition to the disturbances in Richmond and Durham, no +one knew what might be happening in Northumberland. When +the first news of Bigod’s rising spread to Lincolnshire, it was said +that Sir Thomas Percy had seized Scarborough<a id='r418'></a><a href='#f418' class='c012'><sup>[418]</sup></a>. The suspicion +against him increased when George Lumley came to York on Saturday +20 January, and laid before Sir Oswald Wolsthrope his connection +with the rising<a id='r419'></a><a href='#f419' class='c012'><sup>[419]</sup></a>. It is true that he was able to state definitely that +Sir Thomas Percy had not been at Scarborough, but he represented +that the commons of the neighbourhood were so deeply attached to +Sir Thomas that he was the “lock, key and ward of this matter.” +When examined, Lumley denied that, to his knowledge, Sir Thomas +had had any complicity in the rising; he used these words to indicate +Sir Thomas’ popularity<a id='r420'></a><a href='#f420' class='c012'><sup>[420]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The parson of Leckonfield, Sir Thomas’ chaplain, was at Beverley +during Hallam’s attempt. Bigod asked him whether his master was +prepared to take part in another insurrection, and he replied that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_81'>81</span>Sir Thomas would rise for no man<a id='r421'></a><a href='#f421' class='c012'><sup>[421]</sup></a>. As soon as Hallam’s failure was +known, the chaplain hurried off to Northumberland with the news<a id='r422'></a><a href='#f422' class='c012'><sup>[422]</sup></a>. +He travelled so fast that he arrived before Bigod’s own letter to +Sir Thomas, which was sent to the dowager countess of Northumberland +and forwarded by her with a message that Sir Thomas “should +take a substantial way in that matter upon her blessing.” Sir Thomas +declared that he understood this to mean that he should have +nothing to do with Bigod, and that he was prevented from sending +the letter and the messenger who brought it up to the King only by +his respect for his mother<a id='r423'></a><a href='#f423' class='c012'><sup>[423]</sup></a>. Whatever the countess may really have +meant, for her words scarcely seem to bear her son’s interpretation, +he was not likely to make any move after he had heard of Hallam’s +ill-success, but he was already compromised in more ways than one. +On Wednesday 17 January he had proclaimed a county meeting at +Morpeth. Sir John Widdrington and Lord Ogle prohibited it. The +Percys, contrary to their wont, took this prohibition very well. The +coincidence of the proposed meeting with Bigod’s rising is suspicious, +but as Sir Thomas acquiesced in its abandonment, it was probably +no more than an unfortunate chance. On Monday 22 January the +common people swore that they would burn all Tynedale and Reedsdale, +but as the reivers were Percy’s friends, this was a movement against, +rather than for, him. Lord Ogle succeeded in quieting the people<a id='r424'></a><a href='#f424' class='c012'><sup>[424]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The threat of a Northumberland rising was hanging over the +heads of the gentlemen at Hull when on Tuesday 23 January they +examined Hallam and his accomplices. In consequence of this Aske +warned them not to proceed to execution as yet, for fear of provoking +the north<a id='r425'></a><a href='#f425' class='c012'><sup>[425]</sup></a>, and his advice was so far followed that some of the +prisoners were sent to York to await Norfolk’s arrival<a id='r426'></a><a href='#f426' class='c012'><sup>[426]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The special commissioners who examined them on 23 January +were William Rogers the mayor, Sir Ralph Ellerker the younger, +Sir John Constable of Holderness, Sir William Constable, Sir Christopher +Hillyard, and Richard Smytheley. The chief informer, John +Fowbery, was not examined, or at least his evidence has not been +preserved. The justices heard Horskey and Langdale, who had +turned King’s evidence and had accused the sub-prior and several of +<span class='pageno' id='Page_82'>82</span>the canons of Watton<a id='r427'></a><a href='#f427' class='c012'><sup>[427]</sup></a>. Hallam was carefully examined on the 24th +and 26th, but said nothing to implicate the monks of Watton<a id='r428'></a><a href='#f428' class='c012'><sup>[428]</sup></a>; in +fact he did not accuse anyone but those who were already prisoners<a id='r429'></a><a href='#f429' class='c012'><sup>[429]</sup></a>. +On 25 January William Nicholson of Holderness, who had tried +to rescue Hallam, Roger Kitchen and John Francis of Beverley +were examined. William Crockey the deputy-customer to whom +Horskey and Langdale revealed the plot gave his evidence on Friday +26 January. The rest of the prisoners were servants and labourers +who were examined on Friday and Saturday<a id='r430'></a><a href='#f430' class='c012'><sup>[430]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The case against all these men was perfectly clear. They had +risen in open rebellion since the pardon. The extenuating circumstance +that the King had deliberately provoked the rising could not +be pleaded by them, and the only question was how far the King +would be inclined to show mercy. On this point the gentlemen +were still in some doubt, and accordingly only Hallam and two others, +probably Nicholson and Kitchen, were condemned to death<a id='r431'></a><a href='#f431' class='c012'><sup>[431]</sup></a>. The +rest were remanded to await the coming of the Duke of Norfolk<a id='r432'></a><a href='#f432' class='c012'><sup>[432]</sup></a>. +The three were executed before 4 February 1536–7<a id='r433'></a><a href='#f433' class='c012'><sup>[433]</sup></a>, but probably +not until Norfolk had been consulted about their fate.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the information of Horskey and Langdale three of the canons +of Watton were arrested before Tuesday 30 January<a id='r434'></a><a href='#f434' class='c012'><sup>[434]</sup></a>. These were +Dan Harry Gyll the sub-prior, Thomas Lather the cellarer and +granator, and Richard Wilkinson the cellarer of the kitchen. When +examined they all three confessed that they had taken part in the +election of a new prior, but all declared that it had been done through +fear of the commons. They also confessed that it was the general +opinion of the monastery that the King could not be Supreme Head +of the Church, that they had heard Sir Francis Bigod express doubts +as to the validity of the pardon, and that they had sent three men +with money to take part in Hallam’s enterprise. The two cellarers +professed to have opposed the sending of the men; they said that +they were unpopular in the monastery because they were the servants +of the prior appointed by Cromwell. Gyll did not attempt to defend +himself. The canons were reserved for Norfolk’s judgment<a id='r435'></a><a href='#f435' class='c012'><sup>[435]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Another instance of a monastery becoming implicated, justly or +unjustly, in the rebellion occurred at this time. Thomas Hungate, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_83'>83</span>a servant of Sir Arthur Darcy, informed Sir Oswald Wolsthrope that +George Shuttleworth, a servant of Sawley Abbey, had been in +Durham when the herald was attacked (on or before 9 January)<a id='r436'></a><a href='#f436' class='c012'><sup>[436]</sup></a> +and had given out that he was going to Sir Thomas Percy for +counsel<a id='r437'></a><a href='#f437' class='c012'><sup>[437]</sup></a>. Shuttleworth was arrested about Wednesday 24 January. +As suspicion had been so strongly excited against Sir Thomas, this +information was naturally believed to be very important. When +it became known that Shuttleworth had been in company with +William Leache, one of the Lincolnshire refugees, the case against +Sir Thomas and the Abbot of Sawley seemed to be almost proved<a id='r438'></a><a href='#f438' class='c012'><sup>[438]</sup></a>. +Yet when the matter is as far as possible unravelled, with the help +of Shuttleworth’s deposition, their guilt still remains dubious.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Abbot of Sawley’s letter to Aske has already been mentioned. +Sir Thomas Percy was regarded as the founder of Sawley, that is, +as the representative of William, Lord Percy, who founded and endowed +the monastery<a id='r439'></a><a href='#f439' class='c012'><sup>[439]</sup></a>. The living founder of a monastery was the +person to whom the monks usually appealed in any secular difficulty. +After writing to Aske, the Abbot of Sawley decided to apply to his +founder also, and wrote a supplication to Sir Thomas Percy<a id='r440'></a><a href='#f440' class='c012'><sup>[440]</sup></a>. He took +counsel in this matter with no one but three monks of the house, his +chaplain Estgate, Bradforde and Parishe.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Estgate took this letter to Sir Stephen Hamerton whom he found +hunting at Settle Spring. Estgate offered him for nothing a wood +which he had wished to buy from the Abbey two years ago, but +Sir Stephen refused such a dangerous gift. The chaplain told him +of the letter to Sir Thomas Percy, and repeated the most important +part of its contents,—that the commons had restored the monks to +their abbey, and that the monks begged for Sir Thomas’ favour. +Hamerton said that he did not see what Sir Thomas could do for +them “but they might do as they list,” and Estgate left him without +any further conversation upon the subject<a id='r441'></a><a href='#f441' class='c012'><sup>[441]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When Shuttleworth returned with Robert Aske’s letter, the +Abbot straightway despatched him to Sir Thomas Percy with the +supplication. At this point a serious difficulty in chronology arises. +Shuttleworth said that he set out at once and reached Richmond on +Innocents’ Day, 28 December 1536<a id='r442'></a><a href='#f442' class='c012'><sup>[442]</sup></a>. Sir Thomas Percy supported +this statement by saying that he received the Abbot’s letter a month +<span class='pageno' id='Page_84'>84</span>or six weeks before Bigod’s rising<a id='r443'></a><a href='#f443' class='c012'><sup>[443]</sup></a>. Against this is to be set the +fact that Shuttleworth was accused of having been in Durham on his +way <i>to</i> Sir Thomas, on or before 9 January 1536–7<a id='r444'></a><a href='#f444' class='c012'><sup>[444]</sup></a>, and that he +himself said that he had been with Robert Aske at Aughton at a +time when Aske must have been in London<a id='r445'></a><a href='#f445' class='c012'><sup>[445]</sup></a>. William Maunsell, +who took part in arresting Shuttleworth on 24 January, implied that +the latter had just returned from his errand<a id='r446'></a><a href='#f446' class='c012'><sup>[446]</sup></a>. The only deduction +from all this conflicting evidence is that it is impossible to determine +exactly when Shuttleworth’s errand was performed; more is known +about the way in which he performed it.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Abbot delivered to him 10<i>s.</i> for his expenses, “a bent royal +of gold for a token to Sir Thomas Percy,” and the supplication, the +contents of which Shuttleworth did not know. After receiving these +articles, Shuttleworth went to Richard Broderton’s inn near the +Abbey gates, to have a drink before setting out on his new journey. +A friend asked him to come next day to “an ale,” and he was obliged +to refuse the invitation because he had an errand to Sir Thomas Percy. +Another man heard this, and offered to accompany Shuttleworth, +saying that he also had an errand to Sir Thomas. They set out +together, and Shuttleworth soon discovered that his companion was +William Leache, a Lincolnshire rebel who had been excepted from +the King’s pardon.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Leache told Shuttleworth that he had received a letter signed by +Lord Darcy, Robert Aske and Sir Thomas Percy summoning Lincolnshire +to rise again. He had sent this letter into Lincolnshire with +one of his own to the same effect, but before any answer came “they +in Yorkshire took another way with them.” The letter had fallen +into the King’s hands and consequently Leache had been excluded +from the pardon. Now he was going to Sir Thomas Percy to ask for +his intercession with the Duke of Norfolk. He showed Shuttleworth +one of the letters, but it is not clear whether this was his own letter, +or the one alleged to have been signed by Darcy, Aske and Percy<a id='r447'></a><a href='#f447' class='c012'><sup>[447]</sup></a>. +This letter to Lincolnshire must have been written before the second +appointment at Doncaster, when they “took another way,” if it was +ever written at all, but the whole story is improbable, for Darcy, +Aske and Percy were never together, except for a few days before +the first appointment at Doncaster, and Leache had been excepted +<span class='pageno' id='Page_85'>85</span>out of the Lincolnshire pardons from the beginning, before the King +was even aware that Yorkshire had risen<a id='r448'></a><a href='#f448' class='c012'><sup>[448]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Leache and Shuttleworth spent the first night of their journey at +Kettlewell, and the next at Ralph Gower’s house in Richmond, +where they fell in with a party of five priests and two or three +laymen. On hearing that Shuttleworth came from Sawley the +laymen said, “Fye on them that dwell nigh about that house, that +ever they would suffer the monks to be put out of it. And that was +the first house that was put down in this country. But rather than +our house of Saint Agatha should go down, we shall all die; and if +any insurrection should happen here again, where there was but one +in the same before, now there would be three.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Next night the travellers were in Durham, but Shuttleworth +said nothing about their adventures there. On the following day +they reached Prudhoe, but Sir Thomas Percy was out hunting, and +Shuttleworth did not see him until 9 o’clock on the morning after he +arrived. Shuttleworth presented the letter and the token, and +Sir Thomas told him he should receive his answer in the afternoon. +When Shuttleworth came again, Sir Thomas gave him a verbal +message that the Abbot should “make no resistance if any commission +came down from the King, but speak fair to such as should +come withal, for the Abbot had as many friends as any man, and if +any house should stand, his was like to do so.” Sir Thomas also +told him to desire Sir Stephen Hamerton’s best counsel for the +Abbot and the house, and as a token that the message came from +Sir Thomas he was to say “that I [Sir Thomas] spake to him at +our last being together that he should be good unto my lady my +mother.”<a id='r449'></a><a href='#f449' class='c012'><sup>[449]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Leache had not yet accomplished his ambiguous errand. After +Shuttleworth left Sir Thomas, Leache had an interview with the +latter, but what passed between them Shuttleworth did not know<a id='r450'></a><a href='#f450' class='c012'><sup>[450]</sup></a>. +The two men went back to Sawley together, but when the Abbot +was told who Leache was, he ordered him to “avoid that quarter,” +lest he should bring trouble upon the house<a id='r451'></a><a href='#f451' class='c012'><sup>[451]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The supplication which aroused so much curiosity in Sir Thomas +Percy’s enemies afterwards fell into Norfolk’s hands<a id='r452'></a><a href='#f452' class='c012'><sup>[452]</sup></a>. It appears +to be a very harmless document. The monks of Sawley begged +Sir Thomas to consider their present need, and to let them know his +<span class='pageno' id='Page_86'>86</span>pleasure for the succour of their house. They feared their “most +sinister back friend Sir Arthur Darcy,” and wished to know whether +Sir Thomas would advise them to follow the counsel of the neighbouring +commons and remain in their house. Sir Stephen Hamerton +and Nicholas Tempest had been true friends, and the monks begged +Sir Thomas to give them some reward, as they themselves could +requite them only by their prayers. The one passage to which any +seditious meaning could be attached ran as follows:—“The whole +noise and bruit in these parts is, the captain should have left and +discharged himself of the captainship, but also is judged and supposed +an order to be taken for religious houses suppressed, the farmers +or other to enter and occupy, and the abbot or prior and brethren +to have and taken at their delivery their necessaries, and so to be +avoided of possession unto the Parliament, whereof not only the place +but also the time is as yet not perceived to be; wherefore men’s +hearts hath no little suspect, vexation, and great disdain, in doubting +the great enormities and danger that may ensue and come to them.”<a id='r453'></a><a href='#f453' class='c012'><sup>[453]</sup></a> +Even this, which is the most incriminating part of the letter, is too +vague to bear any genuinely treasonable interpretation. The unfortunate +monks, in fact, only begged to be told what they ought to do, +as they were quite ready to submit to any orders which they might +receive from a competent authority; but no one was in a position to +relieve their perplexity. The Abbot was accused of being the author +of the bills which were posted on the church doors in the neighbourhood, +but no evidence of this was produced<a id='r454'></a><a href='#f454' class='c012'><sup>[454]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The most suspicious circumstance in the communications between +Sir Thomas Percy and the Abbot was the presence of William Leache. +He was a man of a savage, determined character. On this occasion +he made his escape to Scotland, but in 1541 he and another fugitive +murdered Somerset Herald near Dunbar, as he was returning from +a mission to James V. For this barbarous deed they were both +surrendered to the English government and executed<a id='r455'></a><a href='#f455' class='c012'><sup>[455]</sup></a>. It can have +been with no very peaceful object that such a man appeared at +Sawley, visited Sir Thomas Percy, and returned to Sawley again; but +the nature of his errand was never discovered.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The gentlemen had accomplished a good deal in the week which +followed Bigod’s rising. They had arrested and examined most of +his accomplices, they were accumulating evidence against Sir Thomas +<span class='pageno' id='Page_87'>87</span>Percy, and George Lumley was a prisoner in York. The only +remaining task was the capture of Bigod himself. This did not +appear to be a very difficult affair, as everyone had turned against +him. The gentlemen were trying to arrest him as a rebel against +the King, and the commons were ready to put him to death as a +traitor to the commons.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The particulars of Sir Francis’ flight from Beverley on Friday +19 January are not known, but the commons declared that he had +deserted them. His only idea was to go home again, and as he +neared Settrington he sent forward his horsekeeper Harry Soulay +to discover how he would be received. At Yeddingham Bridge +Soulay heard the threats of the disappointed rebels, and came back +to warn his master to go no further. Bigod took refuge at William +Middlewood’s house in Ebberston, and sent Soulay on again, with +orders to go right to Settrington for news and to return to Ebberston +the same night. Before Soulay’s return Middlewood’s brother-in-law +came in and reported some of the angry sayings against +Sir Francis which he had heard by the way. Sir Francis was so +much alarmed that he set out again and rode all night for his castle +at Mulgrave. On the morning of Saturday 20 January he reached +Sandsend, a little village on the coast a couple of miles east of Mulgrave. +Soulay, on returning to Ebberston to find his master, was +seized by the commons and would have been beheaded if he had not +been rescued by Sir George Conyers.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The feeling against Sir Francis was so strong that his inveterate +enemy Gregory Conyers for the moment took up the popular cause. +His one object was to be on the opposite side to Sir Francis, and +consequently when the latter changed sides, and again when both +sides turned against him, Gregory’s position was a complicated one. +On Saturday 20 January he proclaimed to the fishermen all along +the coast that Sir Francis Bigod was a traitor to the King and to +the commons, and ordered them to keep watch that he did not escape +by sea<a id='r456'></a><a href='#f456' class='c012'><sup>[456]</sup></a>. This formula linking the King and the commons was +the usual one, which occurs in the Lincolnshire oath and elsewhere. +It does not imply that Gregory was commissioned to act for the +King. William Neville, brother of Lord Latimer, and Serjeant Roger +Middlewood went to Mulgrave to seize Bigod’s goods<a id='r457'></a><a href='#f457' class='c012'><sup>[457]</sup></a>. Gregory +Conyers arrived there shortly afterwards; hearing of the previous +seizure, he said to Bigod’s wife, “Madame, and here are twain come +<span class='pageno' id='Page_88'>88</span>for the commons,” and seized what remained in the commons’ name, +on the grounds that Sir Francis had betrayed them<a id='r458'></a><a href='#f458' class='c012'><sup>[458]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>While this was going on Bigod was in hiding somewhere near his +despoiled castle. On Sunday 21 January Gregory Conyers went +to Hinderwell in search of him, warning all the country to give the +fugitive no aid, but at this point Gregory seems to have abandoned +his alliance with the commons, as he joined the King’s representatives, +Neville and Middlewood<a id='r459'></a><a href='#f459' class='c012'><sup>[459]</sup></a>. They were so close upon Bigod’s track +that they surprised him in his hiding-place, and Gregory seized him +by his sleeveless coat, but Bigod slipped off the loose garment and +fled into the woods on foot. His assailants had to be satisfied with +the capture of his servants and horses<a id='r460'></a><a href='#f460' class='c012'><sup>[460]</sup></a>. Dismounted as he was, +Bigod eluded pursuit for nearly three weeks<a id='r461'></a><a href='#f461' class='c012'><sup>[461]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Thursday 25 January young Sir Ralph Evers reported to the +King the retaking of Scarborough and Bigod’s flight<a id='r462'></a><a href='#f462' class='c012'><sup>[462]</sup></a>. He petitioned +Cromwell to further his suit for Sir Francis’ lands<a id='r463'></a><a href='#f463' class='c012'><sup>[463]</sup></a>. Next day he +wrote again enclosing the names of those who had been rulers of +the commons in the last insurrection but had served the King well +on this occasion. He hoped that the King would acknowledge +their services, and particularly praised Sir John Bulmer’s son-in-law +Matthew Boynton<a id='r464'></a><a href='#f464' class='c012'><sup>[464]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King must have been pleased to find that his policy had +produced such excellent results. The breach between the gentlemen +and the commons was now complete. The former had been busy +quieting the latter, while Henry felt himself absolved by the rising +from any obligation to keep his promises.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On receiving young Sir Ralph Ellerker’s report dated 20 January, +the King sent letters to both the writer and his father. He thanked +them for their services, sent money and ammunition, and gave +permission for 100 horsemen to be retained in Hull, but he was displeased +that the prisoners had been admitted to bail. He ordered +that they should be re-arrested and tried, and as many as possible +executed; for this purpose he sent a commission to the Ellerkers. +These letters are undated, but probably reached Hull before 24 +January, the day of Hallam’s trial<a id='r465'></a><a href='#f465' class='c012'><sup>[465]</sup></a>. John Eland was thanked and +rewarded for his service in taking Hallam<a id='r466'></a><a href='#f466' class='c012'><sup>[466]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Arthur Darcy wrote to his father from court on 23 January +<span class='pageno' id='Page_89'>89</span>that the King had received Lord Darcy’s letters very graciously<a id='r467'></a><a href='#f467' class='c012'><sup>[467]</sup></a>, +and next day Henry wrote himself to Darcy to thank him for his +services and to order him to victual Pontefract Castle secretly, so +that he and his sons might hold it if the people rose again<a id='r468'></a><a href='#f468' class='c012'><sup>[468]</sup></a>. +On Thursday 25 January Henry thanked Shrewsbury for his +“discreet proceedings” in the “new tragedy moved by that false +traitor Bigod.”<a id='r469'></a><a href='#f469' class='c012'><sup>[469]</sup></a> The old Earl had written to his master that he was +very ill and feared he should “not long be here.”<a id='r470'></a><a href='#f470' class='c012'><sup>[470]</sup></a> The King in reply +sent him his own physician Dr Butts, and expressed the hope that he +would see and thank Shrewsbury in person on “his repair into those +parts, which, God willing, shall be shortly.” The King repeated the +contents of his letter to Darcy, and declared that so long as Darcy did +his duty, he would regard him with as much favour as if the rebellion +had never occurred<a id='r471'></a><a href='#f471' class='c012'><sup>[471]</sup></a>. Darcy’s pardon was made out on 18 January<a id='r472'></a><a href='#f472' class='c012'><sup>[472]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King wrote to Robert Aske on 24 January thanking him for +his letter and goodwill. Henry concluded by saying that he “would +be glad to hear of some special deed in answer to our expectations.”<a id='r473'></a><a href='#f473' class='c012'><sup>[473]</sup></a> +The meaning of this was clear. Aske was already regarded with +suspicion in Yorkshire on account of his intercourse with the King. If +he took a leading part in the capture and execution of the new rebels, +his influence over the commons would be completely destroyed. Then +Henry, if he pleased, might safely execute the discredited captain, or +extend to him a contemptuous pardon if he seemed likely to become +a useful tool. Aske did not take the hint. Throughout the rebellion +he had been acting not for himself but for his cause. He was entirely +opposed to Bigod’s attempt, because he saw that it was foolish, useless, +and dangerous. As he held this opinion he did his best to suppress +the movement, but he was full of pity for the unfortunate men who +had taken part in it. His voice was always on the side of mercy. +He advised that Bigod’s messengers should be released from Hull, +that the prisoners should be bailed, and that Hallam’s execution should +be delayed in the hope of a pardon. Several of those who had been +with Bigod threw themselves upon Aske’s mercy, and he promised to +try to procure their pardon<a id='r474'></a><a href='#f474' class='c012'><sup>[474]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Perhaps Aske still believed in the King’s humane intentions, but +it is scarcely possible that he should have kept this illusion after +<span class='pageno' id='Page_90'>90</span>Henry’s letter, particularly in face of the opposite conduct of the +other gentlemen. They for the most part realised that they had +made their choice between the King and the cause, and that it +remained for them to make themselves secure with the King by +denouncing others. Beneath the steady stream of gracious messages +which still flowed down from the court, there is an eddy in the +opposite direction of messages vaguely or definitely hostile to the +former leaders of the Pilgrimage, sent up by their former comrades.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Eland and Knolles had taken an active part in the surrender of +Hull to the insurgents, but they had now redeemed their characters by +capturing Hallam. Sir Ralph Ellerker had been one of the messengers +to the King, and Nicholas Rudston had been the chief captain of +Holderness, but they were now anxious to retrieve themselves by +implicating Sir Robert Constable in the new rising. They discovered +a means by which this might be done in the letter which Aske and +Constable had written to Rudston before Bigod’s flight from Beverley; +it contained the advice that Bigod’s messengers should be released, as +they had only done their master’s errand<a id='r475'></a><a href='#f475' class='c012'><sup>[475]</sup></a>. The letter was delivered to +Rudston on the morning of Friday 19 January, just before the advance +on Beverley; after the gentlemen had entered the town Rudston +showed the letter to young Sir Ralph Ellerker whom he met on +Westwood Green. Rudston read it aloud in the presence of two of +Sir Robert’s servants, who perceived that it was considered treasonable<a id='r476'></a><a href='#f476' class='c012'><sup>[476]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Saturday 20 January at Hull Sir Ralph Ellerker caused his +chaplain to make a copy of the letter to be sent up to the King, +while Rudston went to dine with Sir Robert Constable on Sunday +21 January. Constable’s servants must have warned him that the +letter was being used against him, for he asked Rudston to show +it to him, and inquired what fault he found with it. Rudston seems +to have implied that it was a very faulty performance in every respect, +but he said, “The greatest fault that Sir Ralph Ellerker and I do +find is against the messengers that ye write for.” Sir Robert unwisely +attempted a prevarication, saying that there was no harm in that, +for he meant Langdale and Horskey, who went to Hull to buy their +Lenten store. Rudston answered that Sir Ralph Ellerker thought +that he had meant Bigod’s messengers. Sir Robert retorted with an +oath, “And if so, what harm?” and gave back the letter. Later in +the day he asked Rudston to show the letter to Dr Waldby. +Rudston handed it over, and Sir Robert stood talking about it beside +<span class='pageno' id='Page_91'>91</span>the Doctor. Presently he took it out of Waldby’s hands “and conveyed +it into his bosom or sleeve.” Rudston saw this, but pretended +to notice nothing. Happening to find Waldby by himself, Rudston +asked him whom Sir Robert had really meant, and Waldby admitted +that the allusion was to Bigod’s messengers. The conclusion is rather +humorous:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Within a while I [Rudston] put my hand into my bosom and said, as if +speaking to myself, ‘What have I done with the letter?’ adding, ‘Marry, +Mr Constable hath it himself.’ The Doctor said, ‘Even so hath he.’ And +forasmuch as I did somewhat mistrust the said Sir Robert, and perceived indeed +that he had conveyed the letter, I durst not ask the letter of the said Sir Robert, +and specially because I was sure of a copy.”<a id='r477'></a><a href='#f477' class='c012'><sup>[477]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Rudston might well be afraid of Sir Robert; it is a matter for +wonder that he had sufficient impudence to go and dine at his house, +when he was doing his best to ruin him. It was unfortunate for his +case that Sir Robert tried to prevaricate about the persons mentioned +in his letter, as he was afterwards accused of having asked Rudston +to deliver Hallam<a id='r478'></a><a href='#f478' class='c012'><sup>[478]</sup></a>. Constable could never have imagined that he +could procure Hallam’s release by letter; such an attempt would +have been both treasonable and useless, but the ambiguity of his +phrase enabled his accusers to read that meaning into the words.</p> + +<p class='c011'>For some reason, both Aske and Constable were firmly convinced +that Sir Ralph Ellerker had brought north a letter from the King. +Constable asked to be allowed to read it in his letter about the +messengers<a id='r479'></a><a href='#f479' class='c012'><sup>[479]</sup></a>. On Sunday 21 January Aske, who had returned +from Holme to Aughton, wrote to ask Ellerker to send him a +copy of the mythical letter from the King. Aske’s request has +not been preserved. Sir Ralph Ellerker replied that he had no +such letter; his conclusion is curious: “I will be glad to confer +with you at Ellerker if you will send me word, for I am not so +good a clerk as to read your letter perfectly.”<a id='r480'></a><a href='#f480' class='c012'><sup>[480]</sup></a> Aske’s letter was +probably the one in which he recommended Ellerker not to execute +Hallam while the north was still so much disturbed, and this passage +in Ellerker’s reply must be an allusion to the same dangerous subject. +Ellerker was collecting evidence against Constable; he may have +wished to entrap Aske also, but it is possible to give him the +benefit of the doubt. The Ellerkers had an old feud with Sir Robert +Constable, which revived as soon as the enforced truce of the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_92'>92</span>Pilgrimage ended, but the Ellerkers and the Askes were friends and +related by marriage. Young Sir Ralph never produced Aske’s letter +as evidence against him, and his comment on the letter which he +could not read perfectly may have been meant as a warning that +there was something in the letter which ought not to have been +written. In response to this invitation Aske set out for Ellerker. +On the way he met William Levening and one Fulthorp, who appealed +to him to help them, as they had been forced to take part in Bigod’s +rising against their will. Levening said that he had already been to +Sir Robert Constable and to Lord Darcy, in order to enlist their +sympathy. Both he and Fulthorp promised, if Aske would take +their names, to be ready to appear before Norfolk whenever he +summoned them. Aske undertook to do his best for them, and +afterwards requested William Babthorpe to lay their case before the +Duke<a id='r481'></a><a href='#f481' class='c012'><sup>[481]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The gentlemen who had been loyal throughout the insurrection +were now busily accumulating evidence against the late leaders. +Sir Henry Saville on 29 January sent to Cromwell a letter from +the Vicar of Brayton which showed that the Vicar had acted by +Aske’s orders. Sir Henry mentioned a summons which Darcy had +sent out to the gentlemen of the Honour of Pontefract, calling them +to assemble at Pontefract Castle. Before they came he had surrendered +the castle, and on their arrival they all took the Pilgrims’ +oath. Sir Henry Saville reported that there had been riots between +the servants of the Abbot of Kirkstall and those of Sir Christopher +Danby. His advice was that the abbot should be deposed, and +he suggested that the real movers in the last insurrection had never +appeared, but “had set light persons on to prove the country.”<a id='r482'></a><a href='#f482' class='c012'><sup>[482]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The easiest way for anyone to prove his loyalty was by accusing +someone else, and Sir George Darcy reported that there were +“great exclamations against Aske.” The King’s orders to Darcy +to hold Pontefract Castle with his two sons, though put in the +form of a compliment, were really a source of strife, for Lord Darcy +found it impossible to work with Sir George Darcy, who did his +best to obtain evidence against his father. Through Shrewsbury’s +mediation, Sir George had a fairly amicable meeting with his father +on Friday 26 January<a id='r483'></a><a href='#f483' class='c012'><sup>[483]</sup></a>, but as soon as the King’s orders concerning +Pontefract arrived, about Monday 29 January, trouble followed. +On receipt of the King’s letter, Sir George wrote to his father +<span class='pageno' id='Page_93'>93</span>to ask him what he meant to do. Darcy replied that he did not +wish to make preparations until Sir George came in person to +see the letter which he had received, and that as Norfolk was +expected on Saturday 3 February, and as the country was quiet, +he thought that there would be no harm in waiting until Norfolk +arrived before doing anything<a id='r484'></a><a href='#f484' class='c012'><sup>[484]</sup></a>. In fact this cunningly framed +compliment placed Darcy in such a position that whatever he did +could be used as evidence against him. If he set to work +energetically to provision Pontefract Castle, he would be accused +of preparing for a new insurrection, but when he chose the other +course of doing nothing without express orders, he was represented +as being slack and reluctant in the King’s service.</p> + +<p class='c011'>As soon as Lord Darcy had declared his opinion, Sir George took +the opposite side. He wrote back on Tuesday 30 January that the +country was far from quiet and that he dared not wait the three days +which must elapse before Norfolk arrived without beginning to prepare +the castle; neither did he dare to leave the castle even for the few +hours which were required for a visit to Templehurst, and he therefore +refused to come to his father to see the King’s letter. This was the +point at which matters stood when Norfolk arrived at Doncaster.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Before the Duke reached the north, Cromwell sent an agent of his +own, Sir Ralph Sadler, to see how the land lay. Sir Ralph’s ostensible +mission was to go to Scotland and to demand from the government +the surrender of the Lincolnshire fugitives<a id='r485'></a><a href='#f485' class='c012'><sup>[485]</sup></a>, but with this he combined +the duty of writing careful reports on the state of the disaffected +districts. On Tuesday 23 January he reached York. He heard +many rumours on the road of fresh risings further north, and found +that there were bills on all the church doors between Doncaster and +York, urging the commons to stick together as the gentlemen had +deceived them. All the country through which he had passed was +quiet, but if there were a new insurrection, the people would take the +part of the army which arrived first, to save their goods.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sadler talked with many of the “honest householders,” who +declared that Aske had caused the first rising by spreading bills that +the parish churches should be pulled down, and that taxes were to be +levied on marriages, burials, and christenings. They were also positive +that the gentlemen had been willing enough to take part in the +rising. “Why,” quoth Sadler, “the gentlemen were taken by the +commons and compelled to be their captains.” “Yea, yea,” was +the reply, “an the gentlemen had been as they should be they might +<span class='pageno' id='Page_94'>94</span>have stayed them well enough at the first; but when the gentlemen +took their parts, then such poor men as we be could do no less +than do as they did or else have been spoiled of all that we have.” +Sadler was particularly intimate with the hosts of the various inns +at which he stayed. The host of the village inn has always been +an oracle of almost equal authority with the village priest. At +Tadcaster Sadler’s host, a merry fellow, said to him, “Why, how +say ye to my lord Darcy? Did he not turn to the commons as soon +as they came to Pontefract and took their part? And yet being +within the castle he might have resisted them if they had been ten +times as many as they were.”<a id='r486'></a><a href='#f486' class='c012'><sup>[486]</sup></a> When the King was receiving such +reports, it was not very likely that he would keep his promise to take +the first insurrection “but for a dream.”<a id='r487'></a><a href='#f487' class='c012'><sup>[487]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Sadler wrote again on 28 January from Newcastle. A day or two +before he set out on his journey, there had been great danger of a new +rising in Cleveland, owing to bills which were scattered abroad to +warn the people that the Duke of Norfolk was coming with a great +army “to hang and draw from Doncaster to Berwick,” so that the +north would be “brought in worse case than the Lincolnshire men.” +The rising had been prevented by Robert Bowes, who was travelling +all over the district to quiet the people. Sadler remarked that as +the gentlemen had been able to repress the present attempt, they +could have dealt with the first rebellion just as easily if they had +wished. In spite of the recent disturbance, all the country through +which he had passed was quiet except Darlington, where he had spent +a night and found the people very “tickle.” He alighted at his inn +at about 6 o’clock, and saw not more than three or four people in the +street, but he had scarcely mounted the stairs to his room, when thirty +or forty armed men had gathered round the inn door, “and stood +together in a plompe whispering and rounding together.” Sadler, +as usual, had recourse to the host, “who seemed to be an honest +man.” He said that the townsfolk always assembled when any +traveller came from the south, because they wanted to hear the +news. Sadler admonished him that the town authorities ought not +to permit such unlawful assemblies. The host replied that the heads +of the town dared not for their lives interfere, but that no harm +would come of it. “Quoth he, ‘Ye shall see that I shall cause them +to scatter abroad, and every man to go to his home by and by.’ +‘Mary,’ quoth I, ‘if ye do well, ye should set some of them by the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_95'>95</span>heels.’ ‘No,’ quoth he, ‘God defend, for so might we bring a +thousand in our tops within an hour; but ye shall see me order +them well enough with fair words.’” Then he went down into the +street with his cap in his hand, and assured them that the new-comer +was one of the King’s servants on an embassy to Scotland. The +crowd replied that this could not be true, because the King of +Scotland was in France, which indicates a very low state of political +knowledge. The host, however, persuaded them that his story was +true, and they all with one voice asked when the Duke of Norfolk was +coming and with what company. The host came back to Sadler to ask +his opinion on this subject. Sadler by this time was converted to +the host’s policy of fair words, and replied that Norfolk would be at +Doncaster on Candlemas Eve, with none but his household servants. +This contented the people and they dispersed, but the occurrence +had impressed Sadler: “I assure your lordship the people be very +tickle, and methinks in a marvellous strange case and perplexity; +for they stare and look for things, and fain would have they cannot +tell what.” From Darlington Sadler went to Durham, where he met +Bowes, and thence to Newcastle-upon-Tyne, where the mayor and +aldermen maintained very good order; they showed him how strong +the town was, and he remained there waiting for a safe-conduct from +Scotland<a id='r488'></a><a href='#f488' class='c012'><sup>[488]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On his way through Cleveland, Sadler had stayed at Wilton +Castle, where Sir William, brother of Sir John Bulmer, was constable. +Soon after Sadler left, another traveller from London arrived. This +was Thomas Fulthorp, a servant of young Ralph Bulmer, who was +bringing a letter from his master to Sir John. Fulthorp told Sir +William that the Duke of Norfolk “was not in so good favour +with the King as the north country took him to be”; in other words, +the Duke’s influence was not sufficient to make the King observe the +appointment at Doncaster. Sir William did not believe this, because +Sadler had told him the contrary<a id='r489'></a><a href='#f489' class='c012'><sup>[489]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Fulthorp then went on to Lastingham, where Sir John Bulmer +was living. Soon after he reached home, one of Sir John’s servants +brought a terrified letter to Wilton. Ralph, who had gone up to +London to discover the King’s real intentions, sent word that thirty +ships were being prepared to sail against the north, that Aske and +Sir George Darcy had accused several people, including Lord Darcy +<span class='pageno' id='Page_96'>96</span>and Sir Robert Constable, and that Norfolk was coming with the +worst intentions. Sir John begged his brother to lay a watch along +the coasts and to prepare beacons, and warned him not to leave his +house “for no fair letters nor words”<a id='r490'></a><a href='#f490' class='c012'><sup>[490]</sup></a> Sir William may have been +used to his brother’s panics, for he paid so little attention to the +letter that he did not even trouble to destroy it<a id='r491'></a><a href='#f491' class='c012'><sup>[491]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Although Sir John was afraid of fair letters and words, he was +also alarmed because he had not been summoned to meet the Duke +of Norfolk. He wrote to Sir Ralph Evers to inquire the meaning +of this, and received a comforting reply. The Duke meant to send +for him; the arrangement at London was that either Sir John should +attend the Duke with ten servants or his brother Sir William +with six<a id='r492'></a><a href='#f492' class='c012'><sup>[492]</sup></a>. Somewhat relieved, Sir John agreed that his brother +should go<a id='r493'></a><a href='#f493' class='c012'><sup>[493]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Until he could make up his mind what to do, Sir John had been +trying to keep the commons quiet, but his servants attended their +musters, and he had made quite a collection of their treasonable bills, +with the intention of using them in any way that would serve his +own interest. One of these bills originated at Kendal. It was a +semi-rhyming production, which urged the commons to insist upon +having their old customs and tenant right, “to take your farms by a +God’s penny, all gressoms and heightenings to be laid down.” It +expressed the general idea that the lords and gentlemen had undertaken +a pilgrimage to protect Holy Church, and that the commons +would support them if they would grant the commons’ demands +concerning rent and ingressum<a id='r494'></a><a href='#f494' class='c012'><sup>[494]</sup></a>. It was shown to Sir John by +Priestman, a fugitive from Lincolnshire, who asked him how he +liked it. Sir John replied, “Marry, very well, for when two dogs +fight for a bone the third will take it up; for this will make the +gentlemen and the commons fall forth, and the King shall take up +the matter.” A second bill came from the south and began, “Good +Northern men, stick to your matter, for the lord of Norfolk comes +to beguile you”; it continued with a repetition of Norfolk’s promises, +which he had not performed. A third bill ordered the men of +Cleveland to take Sir William Bulmer and Sir James Strangways, +and the men of the Bishopric to take the Earl of Westmorland, +Lord Lumley and Lord Neville, while the men of Pickering and +Blackmoor would seize Sir John Bulmer, and all the bands would +<span class='pageno' id='Page_97'>97</span>advance to capture the Duke and force him to keep the promises +which he made at Doncaster<a id='r495'></a><a href='#f495' class='c012'><sup>[495]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This scheme had a particular fascination for Sir John. It had +originally been devised by Sir Francis Bigod. The plan seems to +have been that Richmondshire should rise as soon as Norfolk reached +Doncaster. He would probably hurry forward with no troops but his +escort, and might be attacked by the men of Cleveland as he went up +from the plain of York into the Hambleton Hills about Byland<a id='r496'></a><a href='#f496' class='c012'><sup>[496]</sup></a>. +Two men of Bilsdale came to Sir John to propose this plot. They +brought a list of articles similar to those which were circulating +in Richmond “for the swearing of all lords and gentlemen or their +sons or else to strike off their heads.” Sir John was to take up +his abode at Wilton Castle, when the commons of Guisborough +would capture him by arrangement, and he would then go with +them to seize the Duke. His wife knew of this plot and did not +advocate lenient measures. “She said divers times that if the Duke’s +head were off, Sir Ralph Evers’ and Sir Ralph Ellerker’s men might +go where they would.”<a id='r497'></a><a href='#f497' class='c012'><sup>[497]</sup></a> Before any steps were taken to put this plot +into practice, Sir William Bulmer visited Lastingham on his way to +Doncaster, and convinced his brother that so long as they remained +quiet they had nothing to fear. Sir John handed over to him his +collection of bills, in order that they might be laid before the Duke. +He reversed his tactics, suppressed the musters of the commons, and +for a short time lived in comparative security<a id='r498'></a><a href='#f498' class='c012'><sup>[498]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir John Bulmer’s is an extreme case of the uneasiness which +filled all the northern gentlemen, as they awaited the Duke of +Norfolk. They felt that, like the knight of the legend, they had +blown the horn without drawing the sword, and they were now unarmed +at the mercy of an opponent whose next move was incalculable.</p> + +<p class='c011'>NOTES TO CHAPTER XVII</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note A. “Naught” in Henry VIII’s reign usually meant “evil,” as it does +here; similarly “naughty” has a much stronger meaning than at the present +day and is equivalent to “wicked,” not to “mischievous.”</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note B. This was not really inconsistent with the fact that Hallam was +to attempt to take Hull before Bigod arrived, for after securing the town he +intended to advance to meet Bigod at Beverley.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note C. The original of Sir Francis Bigod’s letter to the bailiffs of Scarborough +has disappeared, but it is printed in Speed’s “Great Britain,” book <span class='fss'>IX</span>, chapter 21, +as follows:</p> + +<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_98'>98</span>“To the Bailiffs and Commons of the Town of Scarborough.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Wellbeloved, we Francis Bigod, Knight, and John Hallam, Yeoman, in the +name of all the commons, command and charge you that ye assemble yourselves +together immediately upon receipt hereof, and so take this oath which we here +send unto you, and then after in all haste possible to assist and aid these our +brethren whom we send to you to keep and make sure the Castle, Town and Port +of Scarborough, that no man enter into the same Castle that belongs unto Ralph +Evers the younger, Knight, nor any other which did not take full part with the +commons at our first and last assembling, in whose name, authority or attorney +soever they come, unless they have licence of all the commons; in like manner +ye shall truly keep all such ordnance and ship[s] to the use of the commons, with +which we charged you at our last being here, and this not to fail, upon pain +of your lives. Ye shall refer credence unto these messengers, thus in haste: +Fare you well.</p> + +<p class='c013'>From Setterington this Monday Saint Maurus’ day<a id='r499'></a><a href='#f499' class='c012'><sup>[499]</sup></a>. Francis Bigod Knight, +in the name and by commandment of all the commons.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note D. This letter is dated 18 January, but endorsed 17 January, and the +latter appears to be the more probable date.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note E. It was afterwards alleged that Aske had written to Bigod promising +that Hallam should be released, but no trace of this letter remains<a id='r500'></a><a href='#f500' class='c012'><sup>[500]</sup></a>. The two +letters upon which the prosecution based the charge are both fully discussed in the +text; they were (1) Sir Robert Constable’s letter for the release of Bigod’s messengers, +and (2) Aske’s lost letter for the delay of Hallam’s execution. The prosecution, +which was not at all scrupulous in its methods, combined these two letters and +asserted that Aske had written either to request or to promise that Hallam +should be released, thus producing a charge of treason out of two harmless +documents.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note F. Sir Ralph Ellerker reported that Boynton arrived on the 20th<a id='r501'></a><a href='#f501' class='c012'><sup>[501]</sup></a>, but +he signed a letter at Beverley on the 19th<a id='r502'></a><a href='#f502' class='c012'><sup>[502]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note G. In the summary of the evidence and in Norfolk’s letter it is said +that “Hallam” accused the monks of Watton<a id='r503'></a><a href='#f503' class='c012'><sup>[503]</sup></a>, but this is a mistake; it was the +prisoners who were examined at the same time as Hallam who accused them. +It is perhaps scarcely necessary to say that the leader of a rebellion is often +mentioned loosely as having done actions for which his followers were really +responsible. A well-known name is attached by rumour to the deeds or words of +obscure persons, and instances have already been given in which Robert Aske was +supposed to have written letters or issued manifestoes with which, in fact, he had +nothing to do. Hallam’s is a similar case.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note H. The supplication of the abbot and monks of Sawley is printed +among the Letters and Papers of October 1536, but this is evidently too early, as +its real date was either the end of December 1536 or the beginning of January +1536–7. The reference in it to the fact that the captain had laid down his +office shows that it was written after the second appointment at Doncaster and +that it is, in fact, the same document which was carried by Shuttleworth to Sir +Thomas Percy. The summary in the Letters and Papers is a good deal more +definite than the vague rambling clauses of the original.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_99'>99</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XVIII<br> <span class='c009'>THE DUKE OF NORFOLK’S MISSION</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>While these things were happening in the north, the Duke of +Norfolk, so urgently needed and so long expected, was living quietly +at Kenninghall in his own county. His orders directed him to go +northwards at Candlemas, and he had no intention of stirring before +that time. On 6 January 1536–7 he wrote to Cromwell; as the +quarter sessions were about to be held at Norwich, he suggested that +the commissioners of the subsidy and of the suppression who +attended them should be ordered to proceed with their work, which +had been suspended during the rebellion. The religious living in the +houses which ought to be suppressed were a great cost to the King, +and if they were allowed to remain and the subsidy was not levied, +it “might put folly into the light northern heads.”<a id='r504'></a><a href='#f504' class='c012'><sup>[504]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>On 16 January Norfolk was with the King at Greenwich, receiving +instructions for his mission to the north. Considering that the news +of Hallam’s attempt had not yet reached the King, these instructions +were severe, and showed little prospect that the King would fulfil +the promises which he had made to Robert Aske a few days before. +Norfolk was to go to the counties recently disturbed, accompanied by +a council, and there to take such steps as the King thought necessary +for their final settlement. His first stopping-place was at Doncaster, +where the most trustworthy of the northern gentlemen would meet +him. He was to administer to them the King’s oath, and then to +summon the gentlemen of the district, and, when they had taken the +oath, the commons. Everyone must take the oath in turn, and this +procedure must be followed at every place where the Duke halted.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After Doncaster the Duke would proceed to Pontefract, and, when +the West Riding had taken the oath, to York, where he was to be +met by the remaining leaders of the Pilgrimage and all other +gentlemen of importance. Thence he would travel through all the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_100'>100</span>country that had risen, administering the oath and enlarging upon +the King’s wonderful clemency and goodness to his disobedient +subjects. He was to reproach the justices of the peace with their +lack of vigilance, and to let them see that they were blamed for the +disturbances. Any loyal subjects suing for restitution of goods taken +during the period covered by the pardon were to be put off with fair +answers, and asked to wait until the coming of the King; neither +they nor the present holders of the goods must be driven to despair.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Duke was to make every effort to search out the beginners of +the insurrections, the devisers of the articles, and the real reasons +of the outbreak. Any man who refused to take the oath must be +executed if Norfolk dared to proceed to extremes. If the attitude of +the people forbade severity, “he shall pretend to make light of such +a fool and proceed to swearing the rest till a better opportunity.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>When the whole country was sworn, the next step was to turn out +the monks, nuns, and canons who still occupied suppressed houses, +and to put the farmers in possession. As the Duke himself had +promised to make suit to the King that they might remain till the +next parliament, he was to explain to the people “how far they vary +from true religious men, yea, from true subjects.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk must see that the King’s rents were collected and order +other men’s tenants to pay their landlords; but he must also inquire +into the matter of enclosures and fines, hear complaints about them, +and mediate between gentlemen and tenants, in order that they +“may live together as they be joined in one body politic.” This +clause in the instructions had a double object; “the King’s instructions +to Norfolk, under their fair show of conciliatory words, by +enjoining the reception of complaints against enclosures, were deftly +intended to widen the breach between the confederated classes of the +north.”<a id='r505'></a><a href='#f505' class='c012'><sup>[505]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>As it was through ignorance that the north had been seduced +into horrible treason, the King intended “to send thither certain +grave, discreet and learned personages to teach and preach the truth” +and the Duke must recommend them to the people.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Finally Norfolk was to sit on cases of common justice, and all +offenders since the pardon were to be sought out and executed, “if it +may be done without danger, especially if they have been ringleaders.” +If there was danger, he must simply “look through his fingers at +their offences, and free them to continue till the King’s Majesty’s +arrival in those parts,” taking care that they did not fly the country<a id='r506'></a><a href='#f506' class='c012'><sup>[506]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_101'>101</span>The government seems to have felt the difficulty of finding a form +of words suitable for the oath which was to alter all the feelings, +aims and ideals of the Pilgrims, to make them forget their vow +to God and the Commonwealth, and to induce them to concentrate +their allegiance upon the King. The form must be as sweeping as the +King dared to make it, and yet must not go too far. The drafts of the +oath remain<a id='r507'></a><a href='#f507' class='c012'><sup>[507]</sup></a>, and the last, which is the simplest, was probably the +one used. “You shall swear to be true liegeman to the King our +sovereign lord, Henry VIII King of England and of France, etc,”<a id='r508'></a><a href='#f508' class='c012'><sup>[508]</sup></a> +it began, sliding over the obnoxious title of Supreme Head of +the Church, which is inserted in another draft. Those who took the +oath swore to do no treason, murder or felony, but to discover the +doers of such crimes; to renounce the oaths taken during the insurrection, +and in future to resist such movements; to be obedient to +the King, his lieutenant, and all his laws. Several irritating items +in the other drafts are omitted in this, such as expressions of contrition +and desire of forgiveness for the rising, and a declaration +of willingness to assist the commissioners in the suppression of the +abbeys. With these drafts for the oath is a set of instructions for its +administration. Every man was required to “confess and knowledge” +his traitorous demeanour and submit himself to the King’s mercy: +he was then to declare the names of the rebel leaders, and to give up +his arms in token of complete submission; finally he was to take the +King’s oath and to hold all others vain<a id='r509'></a><a href='#f509' class='c012'><sup>[509]</sup></a>. It is, however, practically +certain that these instructions were not carried out, as the Duke +of Norfolk did not disarm the north, and could not have done so +without the greatest danger.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 16 January 1536–7 the King sent out letters to various +gentlemen ordering them to be in readiness to attend the Duke on his +northern progress<a id='r510'></a><a href='#f510' class='c012'><sup>[510]</sup></a>. One was addressed to Sir Robert Constable, who +was to meet Norfolk in York; another to Lord Darcy, who was to +await him at Pontefract<a id='r511'></a><a href='#f511' class='c012'><sup>[511]</sup></a>. Norfolk summoned Sir William Fairfax +and Sir Oswald Wolsthrope, who were trusted by the government, to +meet him at Doncaster on Candlemas Eve (1 February) with all +their servants, unharnessed<a id='r512'></a><a href='#f512' class='c012'><sup>[512]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After his visit to court, Norfolk returned to Kenninghall to prepare +for his journey at leisure. He was there when the news of Bigod’s +rebellion reached him. All accounts agreed in attributing the new +<span class='pageno' id='Page_102'>102</span>outbreak to his long delay<a id='r513'></a><a href='#f513' class='c012'><sup>[513]</sup></a>, but the Duke was not disturbed on that +account; he had his orders and he was obeying them. It is probable +that he was expecting some such news.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 28 January old Sir Marmaduke Constable’s eldest son was +with him, bringing from the north a full account of all that had taken +place. He showed Norfolk a copy of the manifesto sent out by his +uncle Sir Robert Constable and Aske to stay the parts about Beverley. +“He has written more than I can perform,” said Norfolk in a letter +to Cromwell, “and his large sayings might be for a scant good purpose +about the coronation and parliament, etc.” Yet they were given +on the authority of the King’s own words. Norfolk congratulated +Cromwell on the news. If the country were settled before he +reached the north he would grudge no man the praise; if something +were left to be done he would show his goodwill. “This +young man [Constable’s nephew] cannot speak too much good of my +lord Darcy and his uncle; sickness now hath kept them both at +home, which could not do so at the first business at Doncaster.”<a id='r514'></a><a href='#f514' class='c012'><sup>[514]</sup></a> +Norfolk was in bad health, “but desire to serve my master and +anger mine enemies will, I trust, make me shortly strong and lusty.”<a id='r515'></a><a href='#f515' class='c012'><sup>[515]</sup></a> +By way of precaution he sent to Cromwell his will and the details of +a whole string of suits which he hoped Cromwell would forward in +his absence. Fortunately we have no concern with the family affairs +of the wicked old Duke. A proverb which he quoted, “God shall +send a shrewd cow short horns,” unhappily was not true in his own +case<a id='r516'></a><a href='#f516' class='c012'><sup>[516]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 30 January Norfolk was in Lincoln on his way to Doncaster. +Here he met messengers with letters for the King from Hull, +which he opened to see if they contained anything urgent; but +all was going well. Several canons of Watton and others implicated +in Hallam’s rebellion had been captured. Norfolk wrote +to ask the King if the prisoners should be executed in York, and +how many the King desired him to “justify.” He had also received +letters from the Bishop of Durham, Lord Scrope, and the Earl of +Cumberland. Norfolk thought that the timid bishop was over-anxious +about the state of the country, but to satisfy him he promised +to go to Newcastle-upon-Tyne after he had settled Yorkshire<a id='r517'></a><a href='#f517' class='c012'><sup>[517]</sup></a>. +Cumberland and Scrope both enclosed seditious bills, and the latter +reported from Bolton that the country was much stirred by such +<span class='pageno' id='Page_103'>103</span>writings, which “misdeedy” persons sent about, though the honest +men were content to wait for the parliament<a id='r518'></a><a href='#f518' class='c012'><sup>[518]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was puzzled by learning on the road that Sir Anthony +Browne had just ridden northwards on a mission from the King. +The Duke had been told nothing of this, and as he was the King’s +Lieutenant in the north, he marvelled that the matter had not been +laid before him. The Privy Council were writing to him on the +subject that same day, 30 January<a id='r519'></a><a href='#f519' class='c012'><sup>[519]</sup></a>. The office of Warden of the +Marches was vacant, owing to the ill-health of the Earl of Northumberland. +The King had proposed to bestow it on the Earl of Westmorland, +but the Earl was exceedingly anxious to escape from such a difficult +and dangerous post. Henry had no intention of increasing the Earl +of Cumberland’s power, for it was already too great for the peace +of his neighbours. Therefore he determined to adopt some old +advice of Norfolk’s, and, keeping the office of warden in his own +hands, to appoint meaner men as his deputies. He had chosen +Sir William Evers and Sir John Widderington; Sir Anthony Browne +had been sent down post to receive their oaths and give them their +instructions. A later chapter will be devoted to the government of +the Borders and relations with Scotland<a id='r520'></a><a href='#f520' class='c012'><sup>[520]</sup></a>, but Sir Anthony Browne’s +mission is mentioned here in order to emphasise the double nature of +Norfolk’s task. The King had entrusted to him the subjection of +the rebellious counties and the punishment of the men with whom he +was supposed to sympathise. This is the part of his duty which +concerns us at present. The King did not trust to Norfolk alone the +establishment of order on the Marches. He had not even explained +to him the new arrangements before the Duke set out, but none the +less Henry expected Norfolk to help the matter forward. He could +not do without his lieutenant, although he did not trust him. Norfolk +knew how extremely dangerous this position was. The King asked +his advice, and did not take it; the King needed his presence on the +Borders for the furtherance of his plans, but he did not confide those +plans to the Duke. In Yorkshire Norfolk knew what was expected of +him and intended to do it; in Northumberland he was to do nothing +without explicit orders.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk reached Doncaster punctually on Candlemas Eve, 1 +February 1536–7. He was met there by the gentlemen whom he +could best trust with their servants. Among those who welcomed +him were Sir Marmaduke Constable the younger, Sir Robert’s son, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_104'>104</span>and William Babthorpe, Aske’s kinsman. They brought a message +to the Duke from Aske, who wished to know if Norfolk desired his +presence. Babthorpe wrote that night to Aske that the Duke expected +to meet him in York, but not sooner. He was not to be disheartened +if the Duke showed him “no very friendly countenance.” It would +be for certain reasons which would be opened to him in secret. Old +Sir Marmaduke Constable, who had lately been at court, was assured +that Aske possessed Norfolk’s favour and that the King and Council +esteemed his services<a id='r521'></a><a href='#f521' class='c012'><sup>[521]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske was only too anxious to believe such assurances. He had +spoken to the King, and had been convinced of his graciousness and +good faith. He had returned to the north to find the whole country +equally convinced that they had been beguiled. He was not unmoved +by this; his letters to the King himself show that he was sometimes +beset by doubts, but the belief of a man like Aske in one who has +secured his loyalty and trust is very hard to shake. When Aske +used every means to quiet the agitation, when he declared Bigod’s +attempt disloyal not only to the King but to the Pilgrims’ cause, he +was pledging his honour to his followers that the King was true. +On that he staked everything, including his life. He clung to his +belief and went on hoping against hope until the very end. Yet +there was no lack of warning; the matter was plain to all who +could look on unconcerned. For example, Ralph Sadler had carried +special orders by word of mouth to Sir Thomas Clifford, the captain +of Berwick, concerning the Percys. Clifford was first to send them +letters from the King which summoned them to his presence; if +they did not immediately obey he was to arrest them and send them +by sea from Berwick to Grimsby, to avoid the danger of rescue if +they passed through the northern shires as prisoners<a id='r522'></a><a href='#f522' class='c012'><sup>[522]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Thomas Clifford met Sadler at Newcastle-upon-Tyne on +28 January, and was more worried than surprised by these secret +instructions. The matter had leaked out, in spite of precautions, +and Sir Thomas Hilton had told him a week before that he would be +commanded to arrest the Percys. The rumour was bruited abroad in +the country, and Clifford knew that if it came to the ears of those +most nearly concerned he would be in danger of his life. As he +heard that the Percys were preparing to go to meet Norfolk at +Doncaster, he sent them the King’s letters. They had already set +out before the letters arrived, and Clifford was spared further +<span class='pageno' id='Page_105'>105</span>embarrassment, and was able to declare that he would have risked +everything to carry out the King’s commands. The royal letters +reached the Percys at Doncaster<a id='r523'></a><a href='#f523' class='c012'><sup>[523]</sup></a>, and with the recklessness of their +race Sir Thomas and Sir Ingram obeyed the summons to London. +They scarcely needed the Duke’s wily encouragement, though he +provided them with a letter recommending them to the Council, +which, as he was careful to explain in another despatch, was not +to be taken seriously<a id='r524'></a><a href='#f524' class='c012'><sup>[524]</sup></a>. Before the week was out the two brothers +were in the Tower. The other leaders of the Pilgrimage did not +take alarm. The Percys had behaved with utter lawlessness, and +many of their actions could not be connected with forwarding the +Pilgrims’ demands; moreover the King had special private reasons for +wishing them out of the way. Thus, no doubt, Aske and Darcy +explained the omen.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk found the north in no very settled condition when he +reached Doncaster. Even in the country round him there was much +sedition. He sent Cromwell the rhyming prophecy about “a crumb +well set in a man’s throat.”<a id='r525'></a><a href='#f525' class='c012'><sup>[525]</sup></a> Bills were posted on the church doors, +but they were all of the type described above which called upon the +commons to stick together and choose their own leaders, as the +gentlemen had betrayed them. The King’s policy was a complete +success; he had broken up the alliance of rich and poor which had +brought him into danger. Norfolk found that he could trust almost +all the gentlemen and rich yeomen “which without doubt is most +principally for their own safeguards, being in the greatest fear of +the people that ever I saw.”<a id='r526'></a><a href='#f526' class='c012'><sup>[526]</sup></a> They forgot all grievances in anxiety +for their property, and welcomed Norfolk as a saviour from general +anarchy. The Duke was satisfied that all would go well. News of +abortive risings came from Cleveland, Sheriffhutton, and Middleham, +but in each case the gentlemen had dispersed the rebels without +difficulty<a id='r527'></a><a href='#f527' class='c012'><sup>[527]</sup></a>. The only serious news was from the north and west. +Northumberland was a prey to the Border thieves, but they were a +separate problem. Cumberland and Westmorland were in commotion; +the tithe barns were seized and enclosures were pulled down. A great +muster had been ordered at Richmond by the secret leaders of the +commons.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Every sort of rumour agitated the country. At Cockermouth the +people said that the Duke of Norfolk would never be sent to them, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_106'>106</span>for he was in disgrace with the King<a id='r528'></a><a href='#f528' class='c012'><sup>[528]</sup></a>. In Cleveland it was rumoured +that he “came down with a great army and power to do execution, +to hang and draw from Doncaster to Berwick ... notwithstanding the +King’s pardon.”<a id='r529'></a><a href='#f529' class='c012'><sup>[529]</sup></a> Norfolk tried to inspire confidence by issuing a +proclamation, as Lieutenant-General from Trent northwards, prohibiting +all assemblies, ringing of alarm bells, lighting of beacons and +setting up of bills on posts and church doors without the King’s +authority; he set forth that Bigod and other traitors had falsely +declared the King’s pardon void, assured all men, by the King’s +express command, that the pardon held good, and offered £40 for the +capture of Bigod and £20 each for that of Leache, of Horncastle, +Morland of Louth Park, and the friar of St Robert’s of Knaresborough<a id='r530'></a><a href='#f530' class='c012'><sup>[530]</sup></a>. +He thought that this proclamation would prevent the +threatened disturbances in Richmondshire<a id='r531'></a><a href='#f531' class='c012'><sup>[531]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Very little can be discovered about the musters at Richmond. +The depositions which remain are not so illuminating as they might +be, since the government persisted, for its own reasons, in regarding +Jervaux Abbey as the headquarters of the agitation. The monks +played their part, but the real plotters were shadowy characters who +haunted the boundaries of Yorkshire, moving from Richmond to +Kirkby Stephen. Nicholas Musgrave and Thomas Tibbey were two of +these leaders on the Westmorland side. Lobley, Servant and Hutton +sent out the bills from Richmond<a id='r532'></a><a href='#f532' class='c012'><sup>[532]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Saturday 3 February the bills and letters which were +constantly passing about the country took a more definite tone. +These letters came from Richmond and were passed from bailiff to +bailiff; they bade every parish send two representatives to meet +at the Grey Friars’ at Richmond on Monday 5 February, to consult +“for the common wealth,” and particularly to decide how they should +treat with the Duke of Norfolk in the matter of tithes. Collins, the +bailiff of Kendal, was very earnest in setting forward the matter +in his part of the country, and sent on the summons to Beetham, +Windermere, and other parts. The meeting was held, but Norfolk’s +proclamation had reached Richmond, and the townsfolk refused to +have anything to do with the men from other districts. The +gentlemen had all gone to meet the Duke, and in consequence +there was no one in authority. The leaders of the commons proved +<span class='pageno' id='Page_107'>107</span>incompetent at the last. No conclusion was reached, and the assembly +soon dispersed<a id='r533'></a><a href='#f533' class='c012'><sup>[533]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There are more details about the rising at Jervaux. The Abbot +had lost some sheep during the insurrection, and asked Edward +Middleton, who had been one of the rebel leaders, to seek for them, +“because he was a hunter.” About the middle of January he met +Middleton in the abbey church and asked for news of the sheep. +Middleton said that he had done his best, but he could not find +them. “Ye have taken pains, although ye could do no good,” said +the Abbot, and told his “storer” to give the man some drink money. +The storer had no money, and the Abbot sent Middleton to the +cellarer, or the quondam Abbot of Fountains who was staying in the +house, to ask one of them to pay him<a id='r534'></a><a href='#f534' class='c012'><sup>[534]</sup></a>. A servant led Middleton and +Ninian Staveley, who was with him, to the quondam Abbot’s room, +and delivered the Abbot’s message that the quondam was to give the +men forty pence. William Thirsk the quondam abbot took out an +angel noble and asked Middleton to change it. Staveley snatched it +and said it was cracked. The quondam gave him another and bade +him change that; but Staveley calmly put the two nobles in his +purse, saying, “Ye churls monks, ye have too much and we have +nothing, and neither of these thou gettest again.” “Ye shall not +have my money so,” cried the quondam, “If ye be true men ye will +not take my money away, and ye should have but forty pence of me.” +Middleton interfered, whispering that Staveley was mad and that +he would see the quondam’s money restored, and so they left him<a id='r535'></a><a href='#f535' class='c012'><sup>[535]</sup></a>. +According to Staveley the quondam Abbot offered them twenty +nobles to restore him to Fountains if there was a new insurrection. +This may be true or it may not. Staveley’s excuse for his violence +was that two of the monks of Jervaux, Roger Hartlepool and John +Stainton, had been urging both himself and Middleton to raise a +company, fall upon the Duke of Norfolk, and slay him, for they said +that if Norfolk were allowed to come peaceably “their abbey would +be put down and they would go a-begging.” The stories about the +two nobles and the thirty sheep point to the conclusion that Staveley +and his friend were the men to entrust with such a desperate scheme, +and that they probably knew all the bad characters in the Dales.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In January the Abbot of Jervaux had sent a servant to gather the +Abbey’s rents in Lincolnshire; the man was also to tarry about +Newark until the Duke came and bring back word as to how large a +force he brought with him. The servant did not wait long enough to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_108'>108</span>see the Duke’s train, but he returned with the news “that the +Lincolnshire men were busily hanged, and their charter stood them +in no stead,” and that Norfolk was coming to do the same in the +north. This spread dismay in the country<a id='r536'></a><a href='#f536' class='c012'><sup>[536]</sup></a>. Lord Latimer left his +house at Snape and with Sir Christopher Danby set out for the +court, which alarmed the commons, who were always ready to listen +to the cry that the gentlemen were betraying them, and at the same +time removed the men best able to keep order. The people were so +angry that they were ready to plunder the houses of the absentees<a id='r537'></a><a href='#f537' class='c012'><sup>[537]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When the news came that Norfolk had reached Doncaster, +Staveley and his accomplices determined to take action. On Sunday +4 February they set up bills, provided by the two monks, on every +church door in Richmondshire, commanding every man between the +ages of 16 and 20 to be at Middleham Moor in harness on Tuesday +next (6 February). On Monday the leaders quarrelled among themselves, +and the whole matter would have fallen through, if the two +monks had not come to Staveley’s bed at midnight, in harness with +battle-axes in their hands, and called upon him to rise and go forward +or else they would all be destroyed<a id='r538'></a><a href='#f538' class='c012'><sup>[538]</sup></a>. Staveley sent to Middleton and +they called together their friends and went to Jervaux Abbey about +midday. They bade the Abbot come forth with all his brethren and +go with them to the muster; but “the Abbot said and desired them +to be contented to leave his brethren at home and to take his servants +with them, and said further that he and all his brethren would come +unto them next day. And then he gave the company such meat +and drink as he had.” The muster at Middleham Moor was poorly +attended. Staveley and his band, the Abbot’s servants, and a few of +the Abbot’s tenants of Witton were the only companies mentioned as +being present. The leaders stayed there two or three hours, but +when news came of the failure of the meeting at Richmond on the +day before they all went home<a id='r539'></a><a href='#f539' class='c012'><sup>[539]</sup></a>. The Abbot of Jervaux fled next +day to Lord Scrope at Bolton Castle; there is no proof that he knew +of the plans of his monks. Middleton and Roger Hartlepool the +monk fled to Scotland, thereby showing more prudence than the +majority of the captains<a id='r540'></a><a href='#f540' class='c012'><sup>[540]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Sunday 4 February Norfolk was at Pontefract. In spite of +the unruly state of the north-west he was in good spirits, and trusted +soon to have it in more quietness. As long as the gentlemen were so +thoroughly afraid of their own tenants there was no chance of serious +<span class='pageno' id='Page_109'>109</span>rebellion<a id='r541'></a><a href='#f541' class='c012'><sup>[541]</sup></a>. Lord Latimer had been appointed to meet Norfolk in +York, “but he liked so ill his being at home” that he came to meet +the Duke at Doncaster. Lord Conyers was in doubt as to whether +his people would let him leave home at all. None of the gentlemen +dared attempt to turn the religious out of the restored abbeys; +Norfolk could hardly persuade them to pursue the leaders of the late +commotions, not because they sympathised with them, but because +they were afraid the people would attack them<a id='r542'></a><a href='#f542' class='c012'><sup>[542]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>All the country about Pontefract was in good order when Norfolk +arrived<a id='r543'></a><a href='#f543' class='c012'><sup>[543]</sup></a>. Darcy took some pride in this, but really it told against +him. If he could keep his country quiet when he liked, why had he +failed on the first rising? When Norfolk reached the castle, he found +himself in the middle of a family quarrel. Lord Darcy had come up +from Templehurst to meet him, and had joined issue with Sir George +Darcy, whom he found in possession. Lord Darcy refused to share +his authority with his son; he would be the sole keeper of the castle +or not at all. Sir George had the King’s orders and would not give +way unless the Duke commanded him to do so. In the end Norfolk +decided in favour of Darcy, who undertook to lie in the castle himself +and put the King to no expense; but Sir George was to be ready to +come in with all his power at an hour’s warning. Norfolk trusted Sir +George, who would serve the King against his father and all the +world. “I pray God the father be as good in heart as the son, which +by the proof only I shall believe.”<a id='r544'></a><a href='#f544' class='c012'><sup>[544]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk went on to York, probably on Monday 5 February. Here +he was met by almost all the gentlemen of Yorkshire, the very men +who had held the council there as leaders of the Pilgrimage two +months before. The oath was administered in the Duke’s presence +to the head men of the city and of all the three Ridings; it was +taken without the least dissent or opposition. The gentlemen were +to carry back the oath to the districts which Norfolk did not intend +to visit, but it was by no means certain that the business would +be accomplished so quietly in those parts. He wrote to the King on +7 February from York, where he was to sit on the indictments of +eighteen persons, spiritual and temporal, on Saturday 10 February; +he thought that many would be found guilty and trusted shortly to +have more<a id='r545'></a><a href='#f545' class='c012'><sup>[545]</sup></a>. On Friday the 9th, in the midst of his session work, he +found time to answer a letter from Cromwell. He was glad to receive +Cromwell’s assurances of friendship, and begged that he might soon +<span class='pageno' id='Page_110'>110</span>hear good news of his various suits and causes. In order to show +that the friendship was not all on one side, he narrated how he had +“caused one of the sheriff’s officers to be set in the pillory and for +ever put out of office for speaking ill of Cromwell. If the matter +would have served by law he should, on Tuesday next, have stretched +a halter with others.”<a id='r546'></a><a href='#f546' class='c012'><sup>[546]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>On Saturday 10 February Sir Francis Bigod was taken by Sir +John Lamplough and a party which Norfolk had sent out to capture +him on information received from Sir Thomas Curwen<a id='r547'></a><a href='#f547' class='c012'><sup>[547]</sup></a>. Bigod was +seized in “a chapel in Cumberland” with two servants<a id='r548'></a><a href='#f548' class='c012'><sup>[548]</sup></a>, and was +taken to Carlisle Castle to await Norfolk’s orders, as his captors did +not dare to bring him through Westmorland. The circumstances +of his pursuit and arrest are unknown, as they were reported to the +King by word of mouth<a id='r549'></a><a href='#f549' class='c012'><sup>[549]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Monday 12 February nine prisoners were arraigned before +Norfolk in York for treason. There was not yet enough evidence to +convict the rest, who remained in prison. Of the nine who were +condemned, one named Graystoke was “reprieved by desire of all +the gentlemen.” Norfolk sent Cromwell a list of the others, with +the places where they were to be executed. There were three +religious, two canons of Warter who were hanged in chains in York, +and the sub-prior of Watton, who suffered at Watton. Wyvell was +hanged at Scarborough, and Fenton and Cante in York. A +yeoman called Otterburn had been the leader of an obscure rising +at Sheriffhutton some days before, and was hanged on Yersley +Moor five miles from Sheriffhutton<a id='r550'></a><a href='#f550' class='c012'><sup>[550]</sup></a>. Another man, not named on +Norfolk’s list, seems to have been executed at the same time. He +was one Stokton who had brought treasonable bills to Guisborough, +“but would not say how he came by them when he was hanged.”<a id='r551'></a><a href='#f551' class='c012'><sup>[551]</sup></a> +Finally, as Staveley, Middleton and the other Richmond leaders +were not yet caught, Anthony Peacock was hanged in chains on +Richmond Moor as a warning to the district. He had been stirring +the people about Barnard Castle<a id='r552'></a><a href='#f552' class='c012'><sup>[552]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Thursday 15 February Peacock was in Richmond waiting for +his death. That night half-a-dozen boon companions met at John of +Blade’s alehouse in the little village of Grinton in Swaledale. Among +them was Harry Wycliff, Sir Ralph Bulmer’s servant and brother-in-law. +While they were drinking he turned to the others and exclaimed, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_111'>111</span>“Sirs, what mean ye? Is your hearts done? Let me have 200 men +and I shall give the Duke of Norfolk an onset, and I shall either save +Peacock’s life or have the Duke’s chain (meaning to have slain him) ... +with many other such seditious words, meaning to make a new +commotion.” No one was ready to aid him in such a desperate +attempt, though the men of Swaledale were Sir Francis Bigod’s +tenants and no doubt sympathised with the rebels. Peacock was +hanged next morning and no hand was raised to save him<a id='r553'></a><a href='#f553' class='c012'><sup>[553]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk intended to turn his attention next to the restored abbeys. +He mentioned, in a letter to the Earl of Sussex, that the gentlemen +did not dare to meddle with them. When Sussex showed the letter +to the King, Henry was especially interested in this point. He said +that the gentlemen had undertaken at Doncaster to restore his farmers +to the abbeys; “he saw not but if the gentlemen had broken promise +with him, he might much better break promise with them.” He left +the matter vague, however, saying that if all went forward satisfactorily +he would not “take any advantage thereof.”<a id='r554'></a><a href='#f554' class='c012'><sup>[554]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Cromwell spurred Norfolk on by hinting that he was thought to +be too warm a supporter of the old faith to deal sternly with the +abbeys and “the traitors therein.” Norfolk indignantly repudiated +the accusation; he was no “papist nor favourer of naughty religious +persons.” In the north his feelings were now so well known that +he had been warned not to eat or drink in monasteries<a id='r555'></a><a href='#f555' class='c012'><sup>[555]</sup></a>. He was +going to Leeds on Tuesday 20 February, thence to Sawley Abbey, +and then to Ripon<a id='r556'></a><a href='#f556' class='c012'><sup>[556]</sup></a>. As he would be very busy, he suggested that +the ordinary justices of assize, whose arrival was almost due, should be +joined in a commission with the Earls of Cumberland and Westmorland. +He thought it very necessary to have someone to help him with +the law work, for his health was bad, and it would be a pity if the +“dreadful execution” begun at York were not carried out in other +places. Norfolk was constantly expecting news of the arrest of more +ringleaders. “As concerning the monks of Sawley and other abbeys +I cannot yet speak of their offences but ere Sunday I doubt not to +do so.” The leaders in Westmorland were Nicholas Musgrave and +Thomas Tibbey, “whom I trust be taken by this time.”<a id='r557'></a><a href='#f557' class='c012'><sup>[557]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>These two men upset Norfolk’s plans. Ever since Christmas there +had been trouble in Westmorland<a id='r558'></a><a href='#f558' class='c012'><sup>[558]</sup></a>. On Twelfth Day, 6 January +1536–7, the deputy captain of Carlisle, Thomas Clifford the bastard, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_112'>112</span>came to Kirkby Stephen to arrest Nicholas Musgrave. Musgrave +was warned and with Thomas Tibbey he took refuge in the church +steeple, so defensible a position that Clifford was obliged to withdraw +without his prisoners, “which thing stirred the country greatly. And +they sent abroad word to keep watches in every town.” The men of +Kirkby Stephen plucked down all the enclosures in their parish, and +sent orders to the surrounding parishes to follow their example<a id='r559'></a><a href='#f559' class='c012'><sup>[559]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In Cumberland things were no better. The west parts “from +Plumland to Muncaster is all on floughter,” wrote Sir Thomas +Curwen<a id='r560'></a><a href='#f560' class='c012'><sup>[560]</sup></a>. The chief reason for the agitation was the departure of so +many gentlemen to court. The commons distrusted the King, who +might have the gentlemen beheaded, and they distrusted the gentlemen, +who might betray them to the King. When the gentlemen +were away, the bailiffs and other officers found it impossible to keep +order<a id='r561'></a><a href='#f561' class='c012'><sup>[561]</sup></a>. As soon as he knew the state of affairs, Norfolk urged Cromwell +to send home the Cumberland gentlemen. Sir Thomas Curwen told +a story which showed the feelings of the commons. On Saturday +13 January a servant of Dr Legh came to Muncaster. The whole +country rose and made him prisoner. He was carried to Egremont +and thence to Cockermouth. A great crowd filled the market-place, +crying, “Strike off his head!” and “Stick him!” He was searched +for letters from the King, but all that were found on him were from +his master about private matters. Nevertheless he would have been +put to death; but young John Swinburn saved him, by advising the +people to spare him for a week, during which inquiries should be +made about his conduct. At the end of the week twenty-four men +might try him in open market, and if it could be proved that he had +carried letters from the King to the gentlemen, he might be put +to death. The people agreed and sent through all the countryside to +inquire if he had delivered letters. Whether he was brought to trial +or not he must have escaped death, as nothing more is heard of +him. On 18 January all the tithe barns on the south bank of the +Derwent were plundered. Private feuds were pursued as vigorously +as public grievances. Sir Thomas Curwen fled to Yorkshire because +the commons had determined to take him and force him to take the +oath or die. He went first to Sheriffhutton, then to Richmond and +finally to York, meeting with many seditious bills on the way<a id='r562'></a><a href='#f562' class='c012'><sup>[562]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_113'>113</span>Norfolk sent orders to Carlisle for the apprehension of Musgrave +and Tibbey<a id='r563'></a><a href='#f563' class='c012'><sup>[563]</sup></a>, and accordingly Thomas Clifford set out again for +Kirkby Stephen in search of them with a troop of horse. His +followers were mosstroopers from the waters of Esk and Line, +“strong thieves of the westlands.” Musgrave and Tibbey fled to +their old fastness in the steeple, and there defied their pursuers. +The townsfolk took no part either for or against the rebels, but while +Clifford and some of his men were debating how to take their quarry, +the rest of the riders, following their inbred vocation, fell to plundering. +This was more than flesh and blood could bear. The burgesses +caught up their weapons and fell upon the spoilers, causing a timely +diversion in favour of the men in the steeple. Scattered about the +narrow streets of the town, the horsemen were at a disadvantage and +soon showed that their prowess was not equal to their thievishness. +Two of the townsmen were killed in the skirmish, but their enraged +fellows drove the borderers from the town and followed up their +retreat until they were forced to take refuge in Brougham Castle<a id='r564'></a><a href='#f564' class='c012'><sup>[564]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The commons saw that they were committed to a new rebellion, +although they had risen in defence of their property; indeed, a panic +seems to have spread through the countryside that they would all be +treated like the people of Kirkby Stephen. The two captains raised +all the surrounding country and sent the following summons to the +bailiff of Kendal, whom they knew to be on their side:</p> + +<p class='c013'>To the Constable of Mellynge</p> + +<p class='c013'>Be yt knowen unto you Welbelovyd bretheren in god this same xii day of +februarii at morn was unbelapped on every syde with our enimys the Captayne +of Carlylle and gentylmen of our Cuntrie of Westmerlonde and haithe destrowed +and slayn many our bretheren and neghtbers. Wherfore we desyre you for ayde +and helpe accordyng to your othes and as ye wyll have helpe of us if your cause +requyre, as god forbede. This tuysday, We comande you every one to be at +Kendall afore Eight of the clok or els we ar lykly to be destrowed.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Ever more gentyll brether unto your helpyng honds.</p> + +<div class='lg-container-r c014'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>Captayn of Povertie.</div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c013'>[<i>Note at the top of the sheet.</i>] the like letter was sent to bethom by colyns which +we sent in our letters to the kinges highnes from preston xxi march<a id='r565'></a><a href='#f565' class='c012'><sup>[565]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>William Collins, the bailiff of Kendal, had just returned from +York, where he and other men from the town had met Norfolk<a id='r566'></a><a href='#f566' class='c012'><sup>[566]</sup></a>. +The whole country was stirring. Atkinson, Musgrave, Leache and +Staveley were issuing such bills as the one given above, urging the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_114'>114</span>people “that they should come and take their neighbours of Westmorland’s +part.” Collins forwarded such letters to the surrounding +townships.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Nothing is known of the musters and counsels of the Westmorland +rebels. No gentlemen joined their ranks and very few priests. +Their plans were simple. They had long before decided that the +first step in case of a new rebellion was to seize Carlisle<a id='r567'></a><a href='#f567' class='c012'><sup>[567]</sup></a>. A new +motive for this was added by the fact that Bigod was a prisoner +in the castle<a id='r568'></a><a href='#f568' class='c012'><sup>[568]</sup></a>. The idea of a rescue always appeals to the human +heart, and though a week before everyone had been cursing Bigod, +now that he was captured and his fate assured there was a reaction +in his favour. After all, everything that he had prophesied had come +to pass. Here was the Duke “busily hanging” at York; here were +loyal subjects robbed and slain in spite of the pardon.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The town of Carlisle was little prepared to stand a siege. The +walls were out of repair and the garrison, though loyal, was not +strong<a id='r569'></a><a href='#f569' class='c012'><sup>[569]</sup></a>. The gentlemen coming in with their own servants, however, +soon formed a force of five hundred or so within the city, and +these troops were much superior in arms and equipment to the +six thousand commons who presently assembled outside the walls. +The rebels carried a cross as “their banner principal.”<a id='r570'></a><a href='#f570' class='c012'><sup>[570]</sup></a> There +was not a single gentleman amongst them, but though their leaders +were poor yeomen, they did not lack determination, and were for the +most part men already outlawed for their share in earlier risings. +They were in hopes of capturing men of position, and it was said +that one of the Percys would join them with a strong company. The +rumours of taxes on christenings and burials were repeated among +them and had perhaps only now reached these shires, the most remote +in the kingdom<a id='r571'></a><a href='#f571' class='c012'><sup>[571]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was at Fountains when the news of the outbreak reached +him on Wednesday 14 February. He wrote to the King, and set to +work to raise a sufficient force to march against the rebels<a id='r572'></a><a href='#f572' class='c012'><sup>[572]</sup></a>. He +thought that he would be ready to set out on Saturday. On Thursday +and Friday he was at Richmond, calling in to him all the nobles and +gentlemen, but not daring to muster the commons. He was determined +not to risk defeat, and laid several plans. He sent Sir Thomas +Wharton, Sir Thomas Curwen and other Westmorland gentlemen +<span class='pageno' id='Page_115'>115</span>back to their own estates to persuade their tenants, if possible, to take +the King’s part. They were to be joined by two or three hundred +light horse when Norfolk could spare the men, and were to burn and +plunder the rebels’ houses, in the hope of making them abandon +Carlisle and return to defend their own goods. Norfolk was not a +little pleased at the prospect of fighting, even under the difficulties +which burdened him. It was true that “this journey will pluck the +bottom out of my purse,” but he trusted to bring the realm to better +quiet. “Now shall appear whether for favour of these countrymen +I forbare to fight with them at Doncaster.”<a id='r573'></a><a href='#f573' class='c012'><sup>[573]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The success or failure of the new insurrection depended upon the +part taken by Lord Dacre’s tenants. They had not yet risen for the +commons; the Dacres, if they chose, could raise them for the King. +Lord Dacre was in the south, but his uncle Sir Christopher Dacre was +at Gilsland and wielded authority in his nephew’s absence. During +the first insurrection the Dacres had remained loyal, but had not +taken an active part. Their conduct had been most circumspect, +for they lay under suspicion of treason. Their one offence had been +an outbreak of the feud with the Cliffords and Musgraves. Was Sir +Christopher’s loyalty strong enough to urge him to rescue his blood-foes +now pent by the commons within Carlisle? The Earl of +Cumberland had been ordered by the King to reconcile himself with +Dacre, but these official hand-shakings went for nothing.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk showed his fears in a letter to Sir Christopher dated +15 February. The commons were about to assault Carlisle, and +Norfolk conjured him by their old friendship, by his hopes of the +King’s favour, by his care for his nephew’s safety to come to the +relief of the city. “I will not instruct you what ye shall do, for +ye know better than I. Spare for no reasonable wages, for I will pay +all.” Let him but prove the Duke’s saying that “Sir Christopher +Dacre is a true knight to his sovereign lord, an hardy knight, and a +man of war. Pinch now no courtesy to shed blood of false traitors; +and be ye busy on the one side, and ye may be sure the Duke of +Norfolk will come on the other. Finally now, Sir Christopher, or +never.” He signed it “your loving cousin if ye do well now, or else +enemy for ever.”<a id='r574'></a><a href='#f574' class='c012'><sup>[574]</sup></a> Two copies of this letter were sent by different +hands to insure its safe delivery<a id='r575'></a><a href='#f575' class='c012'><sup>[575]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the same day, 15 February, the captains of Carlisle were also +<span class='pageno' id='Page_116'>116</span>writing to Sir Christopher, but their letter was much calmer than +Norfolk’s. Men in a desperate strait do not let their enemy know +that he alone can save them. They commanded Dacre, in the King’s +name, to join them at Carlisle Castle with all the men he could trust +“in goodly haste.” If he could trust “the prickers of Gilsland,” he +was to leave “the landserjeant” with them to attack the rebels, but +if the prickers would not fight for the King, he must bring the landserjeant +with him, and in any case he must come to Carlisle himself. +This was signed by Sir John Lowther, Thomas Clifford, and John +Barnfield<a id='r576'></a><a href='#f576' class='c012'><sup>[576]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Unfortunately there is no account of the rising written from the +commons’ point of view, nor, indeed, any full contemporary account at +all. It is extremely difficult to form a coherent idea of the fighting +round Carlisle from the scattered references which remain. The first +move of the commons is clear. On Friday 16 February they mustered +on Broadfield Moor to the number of about 6000 men, more or less +effectively armed and mounted; thence they marched to Carlisle.</p> + +<p class='c011'>A wanderer came to the Abbey of Holm Cultram, and the Abbot +asked him “What news?” “There was never such a gathering +to the Broadfield as there was that day afore,” said the other. +“Almighty God prosper them, for if they speed not, this abbey is +lost,” said the Abbot. He sent his servants out in haste to summon +his tenants to the Abbey church, and called the sub-prior to him, +“and commanded him to cause the brethren to go daily with +procession to speed the commons’ journey.” All the men of the +lordship of Holm assembled in the church. The Abbot came to +them and in the commons’ name bade Cuthbert Musgrave, his deputy +officer, ride to Broadfield at the head of the tenants and join the +host there. Musgrave refused to go, and argued the point with the +Abbot. The tenants declared that they would not go unless the +Abbot went with them. “And so they departed and none went.” +The Abbot had enemies among his own brethren; he had compromised +himself past hope before them, and he had not even helped +the cause<a id='r577'></a><a href='#f577' class='c012'><sup>[577]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Saturday 17 February the commons prepared for the assault +on Carlisle. It does not seem to have been such a vigorous attack as +the word now implies. They approached within bow-shot, and showered +arrows on the defenders who appeared on the city walls. This went +on until they exhausted their supply of arrows, when they retired +<span class='pageno' id='Page_117'>117</span>a little way to consider what to do next. Perhaps they had actually +advanced to the attack when Sir Christopher Dacre unexpectedly +appeared with five hundred border spearmen. The commons broke +and turned to fly; whereupon Thomas Clifford issued from the castle +and fell upon them, pressing on the pursuit for twelve miles or more. +His mosstroopers were in no mood to spare the countryfolk who had +beaten them so ignominiously on Monday<a id='r578'></a><a href='#f578' class='c012'><sup>[578]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Several heroes on the King’s side distinguished themselves. One +Roger Middlewood, who had been in the Kirkby Stephen skirmish +and there was taken prisoner and stripped, “was the first man out of +the town and slew one with his own hand.”<a id='r579'></a><a href='#f579' class='c012'><sup>[579]</sup></a> But his honour was +challenged by Robin Grame, a noted spy in Scotland, who, with only +two other men, had been skirmishing with the commons before the +assault, and “continued crying and shouting at them more than one +hour before any man came to help him.” He was one of the last to +turn back from the pursuit<a id='r580'></a><a href='#f580' class='c012'><sup>[580]</sup></a>. Others of his name won no less praise. +The Grahams of Esk, four brothers, “proper men,” had come in with +half their grayne to serve in the castle without wages. “Whosoever +take the thank, these were the first that break spear on the rebels +after the assault.”<a id='r581'></a><a href='#f581' class='c012'><sup>[581]</sup></a> They were foremost in the chase, captured seven +score rebels and one of the captains, who seems to have been Thomas +Tibbey himself. On the strength of these services they afterwards +petitioned the King that they might hold their lands on the Esk +rent-free, as their father did before them<a id='r582'></a><a href='#f582' class='c012'><sup>[582]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Saturday 17 February Norfolk was at Barnard Castle, where +the gentlemen of his train had mustered their servants and head +tenants—everyone, in short, whom they could trust. The Duke was +overjoyed with the army which had assembled; there were about +4000 men, all well tried, harnessed, and mounted on “the best +geldings he ever saw.” Their only anxiety was to atone for their +former fault; such a band would be fearful for the King’s enemies to +look upon. Hardly was this splendid little army in array, when news +came from Carlisle which showed that it would not be needed. Before +9 o’clock in the morning messengers rode in who had seen the assault +upon Carlisle and the rout of the commons. The chase was not ended +when the messengers set out. Norfolk wrote to Henry: “Your +Highness hath as much cause to thank God as ever had prince. Sir +<span class='pageno' id='Page_118'>118</span>Christopher Dacre has shown himself a noble knight.” Seven or +eight hundred prisoners were taken and the Duke was about to travel +in all haste to Carlisle to see execution done<a id='r583'></a><a href='#f583' class='c012'><sup>[583]</sup></a>. The rejoicings in +London were great. Sir Christopher Dacre was the hero of the hour. +It was said that he had slain 700 rebels or more and taken the rest +prisoners, hanging them up on every bush. Cromwell declared at +court that “if it lay in him he would make him an earl.”<a id='r584'></a><a href='#f584' class='c012'><sup>[584]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>This magnificent victory was won over the wretched, desperate +commons of the poorest shire in the realm, fighting in defence of +their property and lives. There is no means of knowing how many +were killed, as the number reported in London, 700, seems to be too +large. Wilfred Holme estimated that 300 prisoners were taken, and +this seems a more likely figure than the 800 reported to Norfolk. +The victory was certainly decisive; in defeat more than at any other +time strong captains are needed; the leaderless commons of Westmorland +and Cumberland were utterly broken.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was in Carlisle on Monday 19 February. There were so +many prisoners in the town that he found great difficulty in providing +for their safe-keeping. He wrote that night to the Council to promise +that if he might go his own way for a month he would order things to +the King’s satisfaction. It would take some time, because he must +himself be present at all the convictions and proceed by martial law, +and there were many places to punish. Not a lord or gentleman in +Cumberland and Westmorland could claim that his servants and +tenants had not joined in the insurrection. “And, good Mr Comptroller<a id='r585'></a><a href='#f585' class='c012'><sup>[585]</sup></a>, +provide you of a new bailiff at Embleton, for John Jackson +your bailiff will be hanged Thursday or Friday at the furthest.”<a id='r586'></a><a href='#f586' class='c012'><sup>[586]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk wrote to Cromwell with assurances that if he did not +at once proceed to “sore justice” it was for no love he bore the +traitors, but for reasons evident to anyone on the spot, but too long +to be explained. Nevertheless more should suffer “than should do +if I would believe so many were compelled to rebellion as is showed +me.... I was never so well-beloved here as I shall be feared if I live +another month.” No doubt Norfolk trusted by the last suggestion to +please the King, who was always jealous of popular noblemen<a id='r587'></a><a href='#f587' class='c012'><sup>[587]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Amidst all his business Norfolk found time to examine Sir Francis +Bigod and “communed with him at great leisure.” Bigod said very +little, and Norfolk sent up his first confession to Cromwell, promising +<span class='pageno' id='Page_119'>119</span>that the prisoner should be strictly interrogated from time to time<a id='r588'></a><a href='#f588' class='c012'><sup>[588]</sup></a>. +Sir Francis’ examinations are not now extant, but there is a summary +of his evidence<a id='r589'></a><a href='#f589' class='c012'><sup>[589]</sup></a>. He said nothing against Darcy, Constable, and +Aske, which must have vexed the authorities.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk issued proclamations which commanded all who had been +in rebellion to come to Carlisle and submit themselves humbly to the +King’s mercy. Accordingly on Tuesday 20 February the country-people +began to straggle into the city in scattered, dejected bands. +They had lost their horses, harness, and weapons in the chase; they were +in instant fear of a traitor’s death for themselves, and of fire, plunder, +and outrage for their homes and families. Norfolk imprisoned seventy +of the “chief misdoers,” that is of the braver and more determined of +them, and turned the rest away without even a promise of pardon; +but he dared not proceed to execution until all the country had +submitted. He sent orders to the Earl of Derby and Lord Mounteagle +in Lancashire to apprehend all who might flee in that direction; in +Durham the Earl of Westmorland had made thirteen prisoners, not +fugitives, but men who favoured the rebels; thus there was no +encouragement to try to escape eastward<a id='r590'></a><a href='#f590' class='c012'><sup>[590]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk’s strategy was successful. Every day more and more of the +“poor caitiffs” came in from all districts of Westmorland and Cumberland, +even Cockermouth, the wildest part of all. They were contrite +enough to satisfy any tyrant, “and if sufficient number of ropes might +have been found would have come with the same about their necks.” +Seventy-four out of six thousand who submitted were selected for +trial. A Cumberland jury had not then attained the bad name +which it earned long afterwards, and Norfolk, though a master of the +art of choosing juries, dared not trust one with the work in hand, +lest “many a great offender” were acquitted. He appointed Sir +Ralph Ellerker as marshal and Robert Bowes King’s attorney to +prosecute. This must have been a sufficient humiliation for the +Pilgrims’ ambassadors to the King.</p> + +<p class='c011'>All the prisoners were condemned to die by law martial, the +King’s banner being displayed. Not the fifth part would have been +convicted by a jury. Some protested that they had been dragged +into rebellion against their will. The most part had only one plea, +saying, “I came out for fear of my life, and I came forth for fear +of loss of all my goods, and I came forth for fear of burning of +my house and destroying of my wife and children.”<a id='r591'></a><a href='#f591' class='c012'><sup>[591]</sup></a> They had not, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_120'>120</span>in fact, turned against the law, they had risen to defend all that +the law should have defended for them from Clifford’s police, the +thieves of the Black Lands<a id='r592'></a><a href='#f592' class='c012'><sup>[592]</sup></a>. “A small excuse will be well believed +here, where much affection and pity of neighbours doth reign. And, +sir, though the number be nothing so great as their deserts did +require to have suffered, yet I think the like number hath not been +heard of put to execution at one time.” Thus Norfolk wrote to the +King; his chief anxiety was lest it should be thought that he had +not put a sufficient number to death. He assured his master that +every man who had taken a forward part in the rising was to suffer. +He had done his best, helped by Sir Christopher Dacre, Sir Thomas +Wharton, Sir Thomas Curwen, Sir John Lamplough and the other +gentlemen, to try out sufficient matter against more of the prisoners; +little as was needed, he had failed, though he still hoped to swell his +numbers with some who had fled or were in hiding<a id='r593'></a><a href='#f593' class='c012'><sup>[593]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>No time was lost over the executions, as Norfolk was in haste +to be in Northumberland, where Tynedale and Reedsdale were giving +trouble. The rebels were hanged in their own villages, “in trees in +their gardens to record for memorial” the end of the rebellion<a id='r594'></a><a href='#f594' class='c012'><sup>[594]</sup></a>. +Twelve were hanged in chains in Carlisle for the assault on the city, +eleven at Appleby, eight at Penrith, five at Cockermouth and Kirkby +Stephen, and so on; scarcely a moorland parish but could show one +or two such memorials. Some were hanged in ropes, for iron was +“marvellous scarce,” and the chain-makers of Carlisle were unable to +meet the demand. The victims were all poor men, farm hands from +the fields and artisans of the little towns; probably the bailiff of +Embleton was the highest man among them. Only one priest +suffered with them, a chaplain of Penrith. The government’s conviction +that the clergy were at the bottom of the new rising was +mistaken; Norfolk, with the best will in the world, could only implicate +one priest, but he made the vicar of Brough-under-Stainmore prisoner, +although he had done nothing unlawful since the pardon, except that +he had prayed for the Pope. Norfolk wished to know the King’s +pleasure as to whether he must suffer or not<a id='r595'></a><a href='#f595' class='c012'><sup>[595]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Later times have seen assizes more bloody than Norfolk’s in +Carlisle—Sussex’ in York after the Rising of the North—Jeffreys’ +in the west country after Monmouth’s rebellion. The horror of the +Carlisle assizes lies less in their cruelty than in their injustice. Those +<span class='pageno' id='Page_121'>121</span>who take up arms for a political cause must look to be punished for +political reasons, but what principle can condemn men miserably poor +for defending the little they have? The judges knew well that they +were doing an indefensible act, and they spared the people as far +as they dared. This is the final indictment of Henry’s government, +that his greatest nobleman hanged men whom he knew to be guilty +only of having turned against intolerable oppression. Norfolk wrote +to Cromwell: “What with the spoiling of them now and the gressing +of them so marvellously sore in time past and with increasing of +lords’ rents by enclosing, and for lack of the persons of such as shall +suffer, this border is sore weaked and especially Westmorland; the +more pity they should so deserve, and also that they have been +so sore handled in times past, which, as I and all other here think, +was the only cause of the rebellion.”<a id='r596'></a><a href='#f596' class='c012'><sup>[596]</sup></a> Perhaps Norfolk told his +conscience (if it ever troubled him) that another man would have +made more sure of the King’s favour by greater severity.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When the news of the rebels’ defeat reached the King, he sent +orders for the harshest measures to be enforced. His instructions +have been quoted so often that a summary of them is sufficient here. +First the King thanked all who had served him, especially Norfolk +and Sir Christopher Dacre; “you shall have good cause to rejoice +of your doing in that behalf.” He heartily approved of Norfolk’s +declaration of martial law, and his banner was not to be closed until +the country was in such fear as would insure better behaviour.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Bigod, the Friar of Knaresborough, Leache, “the vicar of Penrith,” +Chancellor Towneley and Pickering of Bridlington or as many of +them as were in Norfolk’s hands, were to be sent to the King. The +lands and goods of these and any other traitors who owned such were +to be seized, and the King would consider the question of rewarding +faithful subjects with them.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Finally Norfolk was to proceed to Sawley, Hexham, Newminster, +Lanercost, St Agatha’s at Richmond, and such other monasteries as had +“made any manner of resistance,” and to cause the monks or canons +found faulty “to be tied up, without further delay or ceremony, +to the terrible example of others; wherein we think you shall do us +high service.”<a id='r597'></a><a href='#f597' class='c012'><sup>[597]</sup></a> This is one of the most famous commands King +Henry ever gave, and nobody knows whether it was obeyed. This +ignorance is due to the fact that from 24 February to 5 March +there is a blank in Norfolk’s correspondence with the King. The +<span class='pageno' id='Page_122'>122</span>Duke intended to ride from Carlisle to Hexham, there to suppress +the Abbey, take order for Tynedale and Reedsdale, hear any cases of +sedition in Northumberland, and take the oaths of the gentlemen. +From Hexham he meant to go to Durham and thence to York, “sitting +in execution” at both cities<a id='r598'></a><a href='#f598' class='c012'><sup>[598]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>His own account of this expedition is lost. He did not go to +Newminster in Northumberland, for it was not suppressed until +August 1537, when all the monks received pensions<a id='r599'></a><a href='#f599' class='c012'><sup>[599]</sup></a>. It is not +known why the King named it as a centre of sedition. Nothing +is known about the fate of Lanercost Priory and its inmates, nor +about that of St Agatha’s at Richmond. Sawley was suppressed by +Norfolk’s orders, though not by the Duke in person, and the Abbot +and some of the monks were executed<a id='r600'></a><a href='#f600' class='c012'><sup>[600]</sup></a>. Norfolk went to Hexham, +but in his next letters, from Newcastle-upon-Tyne, there is no account +of what he did there. A letter to Cromwell about the suppression of +Hexham Priory exists, however, and as there is no mention in it +of the “tying up” of any monks, it is probable that Henry’s orders +arrived too late, that Norfolk had already closed the King’s banner in +token that martial law was ended, and that he therefore had a sufficient +excuse for sparing the canons.</p> + +<p class='c011'>A fragment of Norfolk’s reply to the King’s famous letter has been +preserved by a Cumberland historian, although the original is lost. +No doubt if it still existed the problem of the monks’ fate would +be solved, for if martial law was no longer in force Norfolk would have +no power of summary execution. The remains of the letter are as +follows:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Aglionby, I doubt not, or now hath shewed you highness what was done at +Carlisle. And though none were quartered because I knew not your pleasure +therein before: yet all the threescore and fourteen be hanged in chains or ropes +upon gallows or trees, in all such towns as they did dwell in. And whereas your +Majesty would have sent the vicar of Penrith to you; it is not of Penrith, but of +Brough that your grace doth mean, for there is none such; for whom I have sent +to my lord of Cumberland, for I left him in his keeping. And also I have +for Doctor Towneley, and doubt not within three days to have them both with +me, and so shall send them up.”<a id='r601'></a><a href='#f601' class='c012'><sup>[601]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>In order to conclude the matter of the rebellion in Cumberland, it +is necessary to look forward for some weeks. Sir Thomas Curwen, the +sheriff of Cumberland, received anonymous letters accusing the Abbot +<span class='pageno' id='Page_123'>123</span>of Holm Cultram of treason. With Sir Thomas Wharton and others +he paid a secret visit to the Abbey on 22 May 1537, collected enough +evidence to hang the Abbot, and forwarded it to Norfolk. As usual +the Abbot’s fate is uncertain<a id='r602'></a><a href='#f602' class='c012'><sup>[602]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Cumberland magistrates were no doubt trying to regain +Norfolk’s favour by their zeal in the case of the Abbot, because they +had incurred his displeasure in another matter. Two months after +the Duke’s session in Carlisle, he heard that the bodies of all the +rebels who were executed had been cut down and buried. He rebuked +the magistrates with “quick messages,” and ordered them to search +out the ill-doers. They sent him nine or ten confessions in reply, but +he did not consider these nearly enough. “It is a small number +concerning seventy-four that hath been taken down, wherein I think +your Majesty hath not been well served.” Norfolk asked the King +on 8 May how these offenders were to be punished; they were all +women—the widows, mothers and daughters of the dead men. Of all +the records these brief confessions are the most heart-breaking and +can least bear description. The widows and their neighbours helped +each other. Seven or eight women together would wind the corpse +and bury it in the nearest churchyard, secretly, at nightfall or daybreak. +Sometimes they were turned from their purpose by the +frightened priest, and then the husband’s body must be buried by a +dyke-side out of sanctified ground, or else brought again more +secretly than ever and laid in the churchyard under cover of night. +All was done by women, save in two cases when the brother and +cousin of two of the dead men were said to have died from the +“corruption” of the bodies they had cut down<a id='r603'></a><a href='#f603' class='c012'><sup>[603]</sup></a>. The Earl of +Cumberland was blamed by Norfolk for the loss of the bodies, and it +must be counted to the Earl’s credit that he was ashamed to look +too closely into so pitiful a story. Norfolk wrote to Cromwell:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“I do perceive by your letter that ye would know whether such persons +as were put to execution in Westmorland and Cumberland were taken down and +buried by my commandment or not: undoubtedly, my good lord, if I had +consented thereunto, I would I had hanged by them; but on my troth, it is +8 or 9 days past sith I heard first thereof, and then was here with me a servant +of my lord of Cumberland’s called Swalowfield dwelling about Penrith, by whom +I sent such a quick message to my said lord, because he hath the rule in +Cumberland as warden, and is sheriff of Westmorland and hath neither advertised +me thereof, nor hath not made search who hath so highly offended his Majesty, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_124'>124</span>and also commanding him to search for the same with all diligence, that I doubt +not it shall evidently appear it was done against my will.”<a id='r604'></a><a href='#f604' class='c012'><sup>[604]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Duke was anxious to shift the blame on to someone else’s +shoulders, as the King was very angry at this defiance of his authority. +He remarked characteristically that he did not believe it “had come +of women’s heads only,” although the depositions do not mention the +names of any living men concerned in it. On 22 May Cromwell +insinuated that Norfolk must have countenanced the offenders, and +sent most positive orders that somebody must be punished, but the +fate of the women is unknown<a id='r605'></a><a href='#f605' class='c012'><sup>[605]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>To return to the main course of our narrative, Norfolk was at +Hexham on Monday 26 February. There he met Sir Reynold +Carnaby, the farmer of the Priory, and put him in possession. The +canons were turned out “with very good exhortation to the inhabitants” +of Hexham uttered by Norfolk. With the Duke and +his train in their midst they were “very tractable and sorry for +what they had done amiss.” They professed themselves ready to +obey Carnaby “as their officer,” when they saw Cromwell’s orders +to that effect, though without these he was likely to have been +“discouraged.” Norfolk asked him if the canons had done anything +contrary to their allegiance since the pardon. Carnaby answered, +“No, otherwise I would have been an untrue man to conceal it.”<a id='r606'></a><a href='#f606' class='c012'><sup>[606]</sup></a> +Sir Reynold was already held in evil report among his neighbours, +and if he had informed against the canons his life would not have +been safe. The people of the neighbourhood loved their Priory, and +to this day Carnaby is spoken of with hatred in the countryside.</p> + +<p class='c011'>From Hexham Norfolk went to Newcastle-upon-Tyne, where he +stayed for some time, chiefly engaged in his second task of bringing +the Borders into comparative peace<a id='r607'></a><a href='#f607' class='c012'><sup>[607]</sup></a>. He visited Prudhoe Castle, +Sir Thomas Percy’s home, and gave it into the keeping of the Percys’ +deadly foe Sir Reynold Carnaby; but he first had an inventory made +of the goods in the castle, and redelivered them to Lady Percy +by bill indented. He seems to have been touched by the desolation +of Lady Percy, “a good woman” who obeyed him in all things. She +gave him the Abbot of Sawley’s supplication, which seemed to the +casual reader so innocent but proved in the end evidence sufficient to +take five men’s lives. Lady Percy sent it to Norfolk, no doubt in +obedience to a demand for papers; if she had read it she could +<span class='pageno' id='Page_125'>125</span>scarcely have guessed that it was worth her husband’s head. Norfolk +thought it would “touch the Abbot very sore” but does not seem to +have considered it compromising to Percy. Lady Percy was setting +out for London, to be near Sir Thomas, who was in the Tower. She +herself carried Norfolk’s letters<a id='r608'></a><a href='#f608' class='c012'><sup>[608]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Earl of Northumberland was preparing to surrender his +estates into the King’s hands. He was stricken by his last illness. +To Norfolk’s great indignation he had sent down servants to sell the +woods on his lands in Yorkshire, probably in a last attempt to raise +money to satisfy some of his creditors. “As good to pull down the +houses as destroy the woods,”<a id='r609'></a><a href='#f609' class='c012'><sup>[609]</sup></a> wrote the Duke, and sent peremptory +orders to Topcliff that nothing of the sort was to be attempted<a id='r610'></a><a href='#f610' class='c012'><sup>[610]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 3 March the Privy Council sent Norfolk special orders concerning +Sir Robert Constable. The King had despatched letters +which bade him repair to court; the messenger found him at +Flamborough and “he made no satisfactory answer to the letters.” +Norfolk was ordered to send word to Sir Ralph Ellerker at Hull and +Sir Ralph Evers at Scarborough to watch the ports so that Sir Robert +might not escape by sea; at the same time the Duke was to advise +him to obey the King, and if he did not at once address himself +to the journey, he must be sent up by a serjeant-at-arms<a id='r611'></a><a href='#f611' class='c012'><sup>[611]</sup></a>. Norfolk +did not think that Sir Robert was likely to fly, though if he intended +to do so, he could take ship from Flamborough, which was his own +town, without anyone being the wiser. Constable seems to have +gone up on receiving Norfolk’s letters, as nothing is ever said about +his arrest, and it was not likely to pass off quietly in the midst of his +own country. The King also desired that Dr Pickering should be +sent up, and Norfolk promised to arrest him at once<a id='r612'></a><a href='#f612' class='c012'><sup>[612]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After suppressing the lesser monasteries within his commission +Norfolk had about three hundred religious persons on his hands +wanting capacities, which he had no power to give; neither had +he a commission for levying the subsidy. These were mere hitches, +however, and he was soon to find himself face to face with a serious +difficulty<a id='r613'></a><a href='#f613' class='c012'><sup>[613]</sup></a>. On Thursday 8 March he rode to the city of Durham, and +next day sat on the indictments of about twenty offenders; but before +the beginning of the session he discovered that the Bishopric of +Durham was not included in his commission. All the country had +come in, everything was ready for the trial, and Norfolk had no legal +<span class='pageno' id='Page_126'>126</span>power to proceed with it. He decided, with the advice of his council, +to keep secret his lack of authority, and accordingly the jury was +charged and the indictments were found<a id='r614'></a><a href='#f614' class='c012'><sup>[614]</sup></a>. Thirteen offenders, +including the Priory porter and two of the Priory cooks<a id='r615'></a><a href='#f615' class='c012'><sup>[615]</sup></a>, would +have been condemned next day in the ordinary course of justice, +but Norfolk graciously respited them until after Low Sunday [7 April +1537], as he was too busy to wait in Durham for an answer to the +letters which he despatched to the King and Cromwell.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In these letters Norfolk humbly asked pardon for not having perused +his commission more carefully; in future he would have such documents +read by counsel. He was about to return to Newcastle-upon-Tyne +for a brief visit devoted to Border affairs, and after that he proposed +to ride to York by way of Beverley and Hull, taking with him +from those towns the offenders whom Ellerker had admitted to bail +after Bigod’s rising<a id='r616'></a><a href='#f616' class='c012'><sup>[616]</sup></a>. Norfolk was very anxious to know how many +the King wished him to arraign; his own inclination was to be +sparing of executions. “Folks think the last justice at Carlisle great, +and if more than twenty suffer at Durham and York it will be talked +about.”<a id='r617'></a><a href='#f617' class='c012'><sup>[617]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The King received these letters on 17 March; in his reply he +thanked Norfolk for his proceedings, sent him a complete commission, +and assured him that he did not consider him to blame for the +omission in the last one. The King particularly desired the conviction +of Hutton of Snaith, against whom, as he understood, new +matter had been found; “we and our Council thought his assembly +on pretence of making a supplication no less than high treason, even +if this matter had not turned up.” Nothing is known of Hutton’s +“assembly.” The man is something of a mystery, as no account +remains of the rising round Snaith, which was part of Darcy’s +country. Hutton, along with Aske and Constable, was excepted +by name out of the intended Yorkshire pardons in November<a id='r618'></a><a href='#f618' class='c012'><sup>[618]</sup></a>. A +theory that seems to meet the circumstances is that Snaith rose at +the beginning of the rebellion, perhaps earlier than the East Riding, +and sent a private supplication to the King, as the people of Louth +did. This petition, the first to come from Yorkshire, might have +especially angered Henry. If this were the case, Hutton’s assembly +must have occurred during the period covered by the pardon, yet the +King thought it enough to hang him without further evidence, a +clear sign of the way things were going. It is of course possible that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_127'>127</span>his offence was committed after the pardon, but in that case Norfolk +need not have waited for fresh evidence before acting against him.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King’s further orders were that Norfolk must bring to trial +the Abbot of Jervaux<a id='r619'></a><a href='#f619' class='c012'><sup>[619]</sup></a> and the quondam Abbot of Fountains, for +whose apprehension he was heartily thanked. If enough matter +could be found against the Abbot of Sawley, as the King did not +doubt, remembering his supplication to Sir Thomas Percy, he was to +be disposed of with the others. The men let out on bail by Sir +Ralph Ellerker were left to Norfolk’s discretion. The King perceived +from the evidence before him that the Friars Observant were +“disciples of the Bishop of Rome and sowers of sedition”; therefore +the Duke must arrest the friars of that order and imprison them +in the houses of other friars, strictly forbidding any man to converse +with them until the King’s pleasure towards them was known. +Finally the King was about to send for Lord Darcy, as Norfolk +himself had advised in a lost letter<a id='r620'></a><a href='#f620' class='c012'><sup>[620]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lord Darcy lay quietly at Pontefract Castle, victualling and +garrisoning it at his own cost. He sent Sir Arthur Darcy to Norfolk +with instructions to show him that all was quiet round Pontefract, +the castle prepared, and Darcy ready at his command. Sir Arthur +was to ask for a copy of the King’s oath, which Darcy and his friends +and retainers had taken in Pontefract Priory, and he must consult +the Duke about Thomas Strangways, Darcy’s steward<a id='r621'></a><a href='#f621' class='c012'><sup>[621]</sup></a>, who had +carried to Aske in York Darcy’s messages—and some of his own, +too<a id='r622'></a><a href='#f622' class='c012'><sup>[622]</sup></a>. Strangways’ cousin, Sir Oswald Wolsthrope, had warned him +that Cromwell bore him no goodwill, and he had gone to Whitby +Abbey and the parts about Guisborough in order that Darcy and his +friends might not be troubled on his account, although he still trusted +to the King’s pardon. He had offered to leave Darcy’s service, but +his master was loth to part with him unless Norfolk advised him to +do so.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Arthur Darcy was with the Duke in York on 9 February. +Norfolk intended to go to Sawley in person to expel the monks, and +as Sir Arthur was the farmer, he was expected to attend the Duke +with a company of friends and kinsmen suitable to the occasion. He +wrote to his father, requesting him to send such a company to join +him on Wednesday at Leeds<a id='r623'></a><a href='#f623' class='c012'><sup>[623]</sup></a>. Darcy asked for further particulars. +Were the men to be harnessed, and were they to be paid, and how +<span class='pageno' id='Page_128'>128</span>many must there be<a id='r624'></a><a href='#f624' class='c012'><sup>[624]</sup></a>? On 10 February, the day after he received +Sir Arthur’s letter, Lord Darcy wrote to Robert Aske, desiring him to +deliver secretly to the bearer, Darcy’s constable, all the arrows, bows +and spears which had been taken from the castle during the insurrection<a id='r625'></a><a href='#f625' class='c012'><sup>[625]</sup></a>. +It must have occurred to Darcy that this action might be +misinterpreted, when he asked for secrecy; or perhaps he was afraid +of provoking the commons, who were still on the alert when they saw +a royal castle being put into a state of defence; for this took place +while Richmond was still in a state of turmoil and before the rising +in Cumberland. These considerations might make secrecy desirable, +although otherwise it was unnecessary. It was perfectly natural that +Aske should take arms from a captured fortress, and equally natural +that Darcy should want them back again after the insurrection when +he was suddenly called upon to equip an armed force. The King had +laid great stress on the refortification of Pontefract, and Darcy was +carrying out these orders as well as he could, knowing that any delay +or inefficiency would be turned against him and reported as proof of +a traitorous disposition.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Arthur Darcy answered his father’s questions on 12 February. +He wanted thirty or forty “clean fellows” besides his own servants; +the well-horsed men must be provided with spears and the worse +with bows, and he was willing to pay their costs. Norfolk sent Darcy +thanks for his good offers; he advised him to put away Strangways, +but if the man had not offended since the pardon he might live where +he chose without fear<a id='r626'></a><a href='#f626' class='c012'><sup>[626]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy sent the men, but the Duke’s plans were altered by the +rising in Cumberland, and Sir Arthur rode with him to the musters +at Barnard Castle. “I beg you to be no less nigh to his person than +ye would be to me,” wrote his father to him<a id='r627'></a><a href='#f627' class='c012'><sup>[627]</sup></a>. When news was +received at Barnard Castle of the rebels’ defeat, Norfolk gave Sir +Arthur his choice of riding with him to Cumberland or departing +with his own men to Sawley. Sir Richard Tempest had been sent +to Sawley, where he turned out the monks and put three of his +servants into possession. Sir Arthur prudently decided to look after +his goods. He came to Sawley none too soon, for he found Tempest’s +servants wasting the Abbey stuff and collecting his rents. The +abbot had been allowed to depart, and at first Sir Arthur could +not learn where he was. Before he left, however, secret information +was brought and twelve of his servants hunted down the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_129'>129</span>abbot and made him prisoner; the poor man protested that he +was fit neither to ride nor walk, and had done no wrong, for the +commons had forced him to re-enter the Abbey against his will. Sir +Arthur took depositions from some of the abbot’s tenants which, he +said, showed that the religious were the stirrers of all this pestilent +sedition “and not only that but would have eftsoons quickened and +revived the same.” When Sir Arthur was leaving the Abbey, he +heard that Leache of Lincolnshire “and others of his like” were +hiding in Lonsdale. He sent out his men in search of them, and +rode himself to Kettlewell, where they were said to be hidden, but +did not find them.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 25 February he returned to Pontefract and sent a report +to Cromwell. The country was quiet, thanks to Norfolk’s severities. +His father was in the castle, ready at the King’s command, “but his +disease grows upon him and he desires licence to withdraw and live +with a small company till he be out of debt.” He had dismissed +Strangways<a id='r628'></a><a href='#f628' class='c012'><sup>[628]</sup></a>. On 22 March Darcy wrote to the King, suggesting that +as the country was in such quiet it was no longer necessary to keep a +full garrison at Pontefract. He wished to come up to the King at +Easter, even though he were able to travel “but six miles a day.”<a id='r629'></a><a href='#f629' class='c012'><sup>[629]</sup></a> +Shortly afterwards he was commanded to repair to the King’s presence. +It may have been on this occasion, or perhaps earlier, that Darcy +wrote down a number of memoranda, in which mention is made of +his journey up to court. The notes are disjointed, not always +intelligible, and chiefly connected with his public life. Among them +this passage occurs:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Item, to counsel with Sir Arthur for bestowing of my servants or helping +[them] with fees, annuities or [other] ways: and himself. For I peremptor feel +my broken heart, and great diseases, without remedy, to the death of [my] body, +which God not offended I most desire, after His high pleasure and my soul’s +health: and He be my judge never lost King a truer servant and subject without +any cause but lack of furniture and by false reports and pick-thanks. God save +the King: though I be without recovery.”<a id='r630'></a><a href='#f630' class='c012'><sup>[630]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Towards the end of March 1537, Lord Darcy set out for London.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the 22nd Norfolk was in York, resting a little after all his +riding, but otherwise as busy as ever. As he was staying for two +or three days in the same place “about execution,” he thought it a +good opportunity to hunt out the devisers of the articles of the +spirituality, which the divines at Pontefract had drawn up and +submitted to him at Doncaster. About this matter he thought that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_130'>130</span>Dr Dakyn, William Bowyer the alderman of York, and Friar Pickering +could disclose most, and he sent them up to London. Dakyn had +written out the articles for the council of divines, and he could tell +“what sort the Archbishop was of,” but Robert Bowes and other +gentlemen bore witness that Dakyn had stood firmly to the King’s +part in the first insurrection, and had endangered his life in consequence +of his loyalty. Bowyer could tell much if he chose, for he had been in +Lord Darcy’s favour and was “as naughty a knave as any.” Norfolk +advised Cromwell that Pickering should be gently handled and given +fair words. He would be able to give information about the prior +of Bridlington and Sir Robert Constable, who was a close friend of +the prior. By this means Cromwell ought to be able to discover +any offences of Darcy or Constable since the pardon<a id='r631'></a><a href='#f631' class='c012'><sup>[631]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk had taken Aske with him when he rode north, though he +regarded him with less suspicion than scorn. It must have been +a terrible journey for Aske. Did he at last abandon all belief in +Henry’s faith? Or did he still hope that a northern parliament would +be called and that it might carry the King and the nobles along with +it in a violent reaction? Whatever the thoughts of his heart, with +Norfolk he assumed confidence. “The man is marvellous glorious, +often time boasting to me that he hath such sure espial that nothing +can be done nor imagined against the King’s Highness, but he will +shortly give me warning thereof,” wrote the Duke scoffingly. He did +not believe a word of this; fear in his mind was the instrument +of power, never love. Aske might boast of his influence over the +commons, but the gentlemen were never tired of telling Norfolk how +much they hated him and that he was the only cause and head of the +insurrection, the most guilty of all:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“I have by policy brought him to desire me to give him licence to ride +to London, and have promised to write a letter to your Lordship for him; which +letter I pray you take of like sort as ye did the other I wrote for Sir Thomas +Percy. If neither of them both come never in this country again I think neither +true nor honest men would be sorry thereof, nor in likewise for my lord Darcy nor +Sir Robert Constable. Hemlock is no worse in a good salad than I think the +remaining of any of them in these parts should be ill to the common wealth.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk believed that the articles were Aske’s work and that Sir +Robert Constable and Lord Darcy were the most earnest maintainers +of them. For both these men Aske had a great love, and the King +would do well to give him secret interviews, “and wade with him with +fair words, as though he had great trust in him. This would make +<span class='pageno' id='Page_131'>131</span>him cough out as much as he knows concerning” them. Nevertheless +the Duke could not find the slightest sign that they had stirred +sedition since the pardon; on the contrary they did their best to +prevent and put down Bigod’s rising<a id='r632'></a><a href='#f632' class='c012'><sup>[632]</sup></a>. Norfolk caused Aske to +draw up several written statements concerning the rising. One was +a list of the spoils in which he had shared, though he had never +plundered anyone himself<a id='r633'></a><a href='#f633' class='c012'><sup>[633]</sup></a>. Another concerned his correspondence +with his brother Christopher, the articles of the clergy, his intercourse +with the Earl of Northumberland, and his promise to Levening<a id='r634'></a><a href='#f634' class='c012'><sup>[634]</sup></a>. The +third was about the taking of Pontefract<a id='r635'></a><a href='#f635' class='c012'><sup>[635]</sup></a>. On 24 March Aske left York +for London, with Norfolk’s letter of recommendation to Cromwell +and another to the King, which Cromwell was to see “weighed +accordingly.”<a id='r636'></a><a href='#f636' class='c012'><sup>[636]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>On the same day the Duke was at York sitting in justice on +those who had been concerned in Bigod’s rising. It may be presumed +that some were condemned, but this is not certain, and two at least +were acquitted on the ground that they had been dragged into the +business against their wills. One of these was called Lutton; the +other was William Levening of Acklam, the gentleman who had +appealed to Aske, Darcy and Constable to help him<a id='r637'></a><a href='#f637' class='c012'><sup>[637]</sup></a>. Norfolk saw +at once that there would be trouble about this acquittal. It was +difficult to find anything incriminating against the leaders of the +Pilgrimage since the pardon; it could be proved, not only by +Levening’s confession but by Aske’s own statement that they had +promised to help Levening. If he was a traitor, the three leaders +were guilty of misprision of treason and there was a sufficient case +for the crown. It is true that they had not in fact concealed the +matter, for Aske had reported it to the Duke, but such a fine +point could easily be overlooked in the sweeping measures of Tudor +justice<a id='r638'></a><a href='#f638' class='c012'><sup>[638]</sup></a>. Levening’s acquittal was therefore very inconvenient, and the +King demanded the names of the offending jurors. Norfolk replied +that he would find them out; he advised the King not to summon +them to London or it would be said “that men should be compelled +to pass otherwise than their conscience should lead them.”<a id='r639'></a><a href='#f639' class='c012'><sup>[639]</sup></a> No +doubt he was thinking of the scandal and indignation which Wycliff’s +case had caused<a id='r640'></a><a href='#f640' class='c012'><sup>[640]</sup></a>. If the King would let Norfolk come himself, he +would bring with him “the greatest stickers in the King’s part to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_132'>132</span>have the indictments pass,” who would explain the matter. “Some +that were acquit was not without good grounds,” and if Lutton +had been condemned the Duke would have reprieved him. Sir +Ralph Ellerker, who was the only witness against him, said that if +he had been on the jury “he would not for all his lands have cast +him.”<a id='r641'></a><a href='#f641' class='c012'><sup>[641]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Council sent in reply strict orders that the Levening affair +should be “boulted out.” The King thought Levening’s treason +manifest; therefore the jurors must be examined<a id='r642'></a><a href='#f642' class='c012'><sup>[642]</sup></a>. As to this +intimidating others, as long as the King gained by that, he seems to +have cared little what justice lost. Norfolk, who was very busy, +delayed to send the names<a id='r643'></a><a href='#f643' class='c012'><sup>[643]</sup></a>, and probably contrived never to show a +full list, for he saw clearly that the north was not yet ready for a full +revelation of the King’s methods; but Thomas Delariver, one of the +gentlemen on the jury, went up to the King. He had not been +named by the sheriff, but Norfolk trusted him and Sir Henry +Gascoigne so much that he put them on the jury in spite of this, +and they were the principal “stickers” on the King’s behalf<a id='r644'></a><a href='#f644' class='c012'><sup>[644]</sup></a>. In a +deposition which he made concerning Levening’s trial he displayed +the secret deliberations of the jurors and the inside of the case. +Sir Ralph Ellerker was the chief witness against Levening; +Delariver, Sir Henry Gascoigne, Thwaites of Maston and two other +jurors thought that his evidence was enough, and were ready to find +the prisoner guilty of death. John Donnyngton, Henry Rasshall, +Wentworth and four more held the contrary. Some of them were +Levening’s neighbours, and they believed that the evidence was given +maliciously, because the King had granted Ellerker some of Levening’s +lands. Delariver urged that it was impossible the King should have +disposed of a man’s lands before he was attainted, and pressed them to +give a verdict of guilty. They debated the point from 9 o’clock +on Friday morning until Saturday night. The majority said that if +Levening was guilty, so were all Bigod’s company, and yet Lutton +had been acquitted. The others replied that Lutton was less guilty +than Levening, for he had gone with Bigod against his will, and had +substantiated his plea by flying to the Ellerkers. Finally Delariver +declared that an acquittal would be “the destruction of us all.” +Between 12 and 1 o’clock on Saturday an usher came from the +Duke to ask if they had yet agreed on their verdict. The majority +<span class='pageno' id='Page_133'>133</span>answered that they had, and the rest, for very weariness, let silence +assent. The Duke of Norfolk came to the Castle, and just as they +were going before him Delariver heard Rasshall say to Thwaites that +old Sir Marmaduke Constable would rather lose a hundred pounds +than that Levening should be condemned. On hearing this Delariver +exclaimed that he would die rather than find Levening not guilty:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“The Duke then rose up and went to his lodging, appointing his men Scarlit +and Brigham to keep the jury more straitly; who took away from them all that +might keep them warm. At night the Duke sent Leonard Beckwith and +Mansfield to them and they fell all to prayer and rose up and agreed to acquit +Levening; for some of them would not have agreed to the contrary to have died +in the cause.”<a id='r645'></a><a href='#f645' class='c012'><sup>[645]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The jury may have escaped the King’s anger; at least no record +of their punishment remains.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk had further trouble in the matter of sending prisoners up +to London. Cromwell had sent for sixteen, and later the King added +five more. The Duke explained that he would have to send a guard +of at least thirty horsemen with them, and he could not spare so +many before his second visit to Durham and Newcastle<a id='r646'></a><a href='#f646' class='c012'><sup>[646]</sup></a>. By way of +economising escorts, he suggested that letters under the privy seal +might be sent to summon some of the intended prisoners to court; +this would be quite safe in the cases of Sir Stephen Hamerton, +Nicholas Tempest and the Prior of Bridlington, who were in no fear +of arrest<a id='r647'></a><a href='#f647' class='c012'><sup>[647]</sup></a>. Norfolk was surprised that Gregory Conyers was named +among the proposed arrests; no man had done better service than he +at the taking of Bigod, and it would be a mistake to send him up in +custody “unless there be pregnant matter against him.”<a id='r648'></a><a href='#f648' class='c012'><sup>[648]</sup></a> Conyers +was probably sent for on the accusation of Sir Francis Bigod. The +King was quite willing that as many as could be trusted should +come up to London as free men<a id='r649'></a><a href='#f649' class='c012'><sup>[649]</sup></a>. Sir Thomas Tempest was to have +charge of the prisoners, among whom was Sir John Bulmer<a id='r650'></a><a href='#f650' class='c012'><sup>[650]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was at Newborough during the first days of April<a id='r651'></a><a href='#f651' class='c012'><sup>[651]</sup></a>. He +rode thence to Newcastle-upon-Tyne about Border affairs, and was +at Durham on the 11th<a id='r652'></a><a href='#f652' class='c012'><sup>[652]</sup></a>. There he received letters from the King, +dated the 8th, which contained the news that Lord Darcy, Sir +Robert Constable and Robert Aske had been arrested, and ordered +Norfolk to take inventories of their goods, and seize all their rents +and evidences, “so that they may be forthcoming to our use if” the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_134'>134</span>prisoners “shall not be purged of the treasons whereof they be now +accused.” In a postscript the King added that this was an additional +reason for prolonging Norfolk’s stay in the north, as, in his own +elliptical phrase, “Lord Darcy, Sir Robert Constable and Robert +Aske ... we doubt not will by their confessions detect such matter +touching those parts as we would trust no man there so well with the +execution of as yourself.”<a id='r653'></a><a href='#f653' class='c012'><sup>[653]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>On 12 April Norfolk was busy with the trials of the prisoners +whom he had been obliged to leave alive at Durham on his first +visit. The Earl of Westmorland had arrested thirteen men for some +unidentified disturbance, perhaps for “ungoodly handling” Lancaster +Herald, or for threatening to hang Westmorland’s bailiff. One of +these prisoners had escaped or had been acquitted. Norfolk had +picked up two prisoners in Cumberland, John Follansby, gentleman, +and Henry Brasse; their offences are never mentioned. Another +prisoner, Michael Swayne, appeared in the interval between the first +and the second assize<a id='r654'></a><a href='#f654' class='c012'><sup>[654]</sup></a>. The Sheriff of Yorkshire sent Hutton of +Snaith to Durham by Norfolk’s command, as no sufficient matter could +be found against him in his own county; “nor would have been here,” +wrote Norfolk, “unless great diligence and circumspection had been +used.” Of these sixteen prisoners there was “not one acquit,” as the +Duke triumphantly noted, and they were hanged in chains near their +homes. Norfolk boasted to the King that people were in such fear +that no one now alive was likely to see another insurrection. The +King’s visit to the north would establish its loyalty for ever. He +need not stay for more than six or eight days, and there would be no +lack of food “after the fashion of the country” nor of forage, if he did +not come until late in July. Many full-grown people had never seen +the King, and the King of Scots, “your scant kind nephew,” was +shortly to return “into his proud populous realm.” Those who +thought that the King could not come in safety without a very large +company had only to see the state of the country to be undeceived<a id='r655'></a><a href='#f655' class='c012'><sup>[655]</sup></a>. +After finishing the assizes at Durham by attending to the restitution +of spoils, Norfolk went to Sheriffhutton and took up his abode in +the King’s castle there<a id='r656'></a><a href='#f656' class='c012'><sup>[656]</sup></a>. He was very much occupied with Border +affairs, which will be dealt with later, but he did not forget the King’s +order to seize the goods of the Pilgrimage leaders<a id='r657'></a><a href='#f657' class='c012'><sup>[657]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 24 April William Blytheman wrote to Dr Legh from York. +He confirmed Norfolk’s account of the peaceful state of the country. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_135'>135</span>Every malefactor was afraid; the spirit of the people had changed +much since the insurrection. Complaints were no longer heard +against the visitation of the monasteries: “I dare well say there +is no religious man that will avouch any grief for that matter.” +By midsummer another visitation might be instituted without any +danger of opposition. The gentlemen whom Norfolk was sending as +prisoners to London in the charge of Sir Thomas Tempest and Robert +Bowes had just passed through York<a id='r658'></a><a href='#f658' class='c012'><sup>[658]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Monday 7 May Norfolk received letters from the King and +Cromwell<a id='r659'></a><a href='#f659' class='c012'><sup>[659]</sup></a> accompanied by the indictments charging Lord Darcy, +Robert Aske, Sir Robert Constable, Sir Thomas Percy, Sir Francis +Bigod, Sir John Bulmer and Margaret his wife, Sir Stephen Hamerton, +George Lumley, Ralph Bulmer, Nicholas Tempest, James Cockerell, +quondam prior of Guisborough, William Wood, Prior of Bridlington, +Adam Sedbar, Abbot of Jervaux, and William Thirsk, quondam abbot +of Fountains, with treason and conspiracy against the King<a id='r660'></a><a href='#f660' class='c012'><sup>[660]</sup></a>. According +to the usual procedure, these indictments must be found a true bill +by a Yorkshire jury before the offenders could be tried in London. +At first Norfolk was puzzled by the fact that there were two +indictments exactly the same, but after consulting his council, he +concluded that he was intended “to have two divers inquests; which, +if ye do so I think ye do well, for they being so kept that one of them +shall not know what an other doth, shall make them the more quick to +find the matter.” This was a method of guiding the hands of justice +which entirely recommended itself to the Duke’s ingenious mind. So +many gentlemen from all parts of the shire were with him on their +own business that he was able to hold the assize at once, and he +expected “to have the greatest appearance that was seen at York of +many years, on Tuesday at night and Wednesday in the morning.” +He was careful to provide for as many juries as might be needed—“we +shall lack no number, if I should have four inquests.... My good +lord, I will not spare to put the best friends these men have upon one of +the inquests, to prove their affections whether they will rather serve +his majesty truly and frankly in this matter, or else to favour their +friends. And if they will not find then they may have thanks according +to their cankered hearts. And, as for the other inquest, I will appoint +such that I shall no more doubt than of myself.” Everything was +being done in the greatest haste; Cromwell need not doubt that the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_136'>136</span>matter would be found “according to the King’s pleasure,” and the +result would be in his hands by Friday night<a id='r661'></a><a href='#f661' class='c012'><sup>[661]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Accordingly on Wednesday 9 May the Duke was at York amidst +the fullest assembly of gentlemen that had been seen there for forty +years; no one who was still able to sit his horse was missing. Norfolk +selected his two juries, one of twenty-one and the other of twenty men. +The first was composed chiefly of kinsmen of the Pilgrimage leaders. +Sir Christopher Danby, “cousin german removed to the lord Darcy” +was the foreman; Sir Edward Gower and Sir Roger Chambley, +Constable’s sons-in-law, five more gentlemen related or allied to +Darcy, and John Aske, Robert’s brother, were all on the “quest,” and +their kinship to the accused was carefully noted by Norfolk himself.</p> + +<p class='c011'>As to the other jury, the foreman was Sir James Strangways, and +it included Darcy’s enemy Sir Henry Saville, Thomas Delariver who +distinguished himself at Levening’s trial, Nicholas Rudston who had +been as deep as any man in the first rising and later turned King’s +evidence, and Gregory Conyers, who ran Bigod down. It will be +observed that Rudston was one of the principal witnesses for the +prosecution in Constable’s case, yet he sat on the grand jury. All the +others were men whom Norfolk could trust, though two or three were +related to Bigod or the Bulmers<a id='r662'></a><a href='#f662' class='c012'><sup>[662]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The position must have been clear to everyone present. If the +first jury dared to differ from the second, who were certain to find the +prisoners guilty, their decision would be declared a traitorous favouring +of their kinsmen and another jury would be called from among the +gentlemen whom Norfolk had in readiness. The jurors might compromise +themselves, while they could not save their friends. It seems +almost incredible that such a thing should have been done in England. +It is true that juries were easily bribed or intimidated, and Levening’s +case shows how much family politics had to do with a gentleman’s +sense of justice, but Wycliff’s case and Sir Thomas More’s charming +story of the juror who would not agree with the rest for the sake +of good company indicate that men were not devoid of conscience +then any more than they are now, and that there was a standard +of true justice, however much below it the actual practice might +fall. It must have attracted notice that so many kinsmen of the +accused were on one jury; but Darcy and Constable between them +were related to most of the gentry of the north, and the selection +might almost have happened by chance, if Norfolk’s letter did not +<span class='pageno' id='Page_137'>137</span>prove that it was purposely done. John Aske’s appointment was +a different matter. In the days when even distant relationship was a +binding tie, it must have appeared still more monstrous than it does +now that one brother should be forced to pass sentence on another. +John was probably too weak and too much frightened to protest, but +why did Norfolk venture upon such an outrage? He had warned the +King against the scandal that would follow any public punishment of +the jury which had acquitted Levening. Yet little more than a +month later he did not hesitate to commit this far greater abuse of +power. It is hard for us to-day to imagine an adequate motive for +such an action. No doubt Norfolk wished to be able to say “The +prisoners must have been guilty: their own friends convicted them”; +and he seems to have been moved partly by vanity, wishing to show +the King and Cromwell that he could do anything with the northern +gentlemen. He boasted that if he had known them before as he did +now Levening would not still be alive<a id='r663'></a><a href='#f663' class='c012'><sup>[663]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The juries were sworn, the Duke addressed them, and they retired +separately. Shortly they returned and found the indictments “billa +vera.” The fate of the Pilgrims was soon decided, for if the chance of +acquittal by their own friends was small, with a London jury it would +be smaller still.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The business of the court was not yet done. After the indictments +of the Pilgrims the case was taken of two Carthusian monks who +denied the King’s supremacy. These were John Rochester and James +Whalworth of the London Charterhouse, who had been sent to the +Charterhouse at Hull. Rochester had written to Norfolk in March, +offering to explain before the Duke and his council how much the +King was deceived by those who persuaded him to assume the title +of Supreme Head of the Church of England; he begged Norfolk +to help him to the King’s presence, for he would rather die than +hide the truth<a id='r664'></a><a href='#f664' class='c012'><sup>[664]</sup></a>. Norfolk forwarded the letter to Cromwell, remarking +rather peevishly that the monk should never have been sent north, as +he had always expressed his opinions openly, and that he certainly +ought to be “justified” in the south<a id='r665'></a><a href='#f665' class='c012'><sup>[665]</sup></a>. Norfolk, however, was obliged +to see to both of them himself. They might have recanted at their +trial, but they both stood firm. “Two more wilful religious men in +manner unlearned I think never suffered,” wrote Norfolk. They were +condemned to be executed on Friday 11 May<a id='r666'></a><a href='#f666' class='c012'><sup>[666]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_138'>138</span>The indictments were despatched to London, where they were +received in plenty of time for the trials, which began on Tuesday +15 May 1537.</p> + +<p class='c011'>NOTES TO CHAPTER XVIII</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note A. Staveley’s dates are entirely incomprehensible. We have done our +best to construct a reasonable chronology from the facts.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note B. It is not clear from the accounts whether Sir Christopher Dacre +came up and attacked the commons in the rear, or whether he was already +in the town. Wilfred Holme says that five hundred horse “came forth” from +the city; as he does not give the names of the leaders, he may have been thinking +of Thomas Clifford’s troop, which certainly came out of the castle. On the +whole it seems most probable that Dacre was not in Carlisle but came upon the +rebels while riding to the relief of the town.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note C. The problem of the fate of Holm Cultram Abbey is rather curious. +Abbot Carter had undoubtedly taken part in the second insurrection. Yet he +was never attainted, for on the attainder of an abbot the King seized the abbey, +as in the cases of Whalley and Barlings, but Holm Cultram was surrendered by +the Abbot and monks on 6 March 1537–8<a id='r667'></a><a href='#f667' class='c012'><sup>[667]</sup></a>. The Abbot who conducted this +surrender was Gawen Borrodale, a monk of the house who had been accused of +poisoning a former abbot, Abbot Ireby<a id='r668'></a><a href='#f668' class='c012'><sup>[668]</sup></a>. Borrodale had been appointed before +23 January 1537–8<a id='r669'></a><a href='#f669' class='c012'><sup>[669]</sup></a>. It is possible that Abbot Carter escaped attainder by a +natural death. Gasquet suggests this, but confuses Carter with his predecessor, +Ireby<a id='r670'></a><a href='#f670' class='c012'><sup>[670]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note D. The third of Aske’s papers is entered separately in the Letters and +Papers, but it was obviously written before his imprisonment, and should probably +be placed with the other two.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note E. On 13 May 1537 the King desired the Duke of Norfolk to go in +person to suppress the Priory of Bridlington and the Abbey of Jervaux<a id='r671'></a><a href='#f671' class='c012'><sup>[671]</sup></a>, as the +Duke had offered to perform the work, if it was the King’s pleasure, in a letter of +10 May:—“I think I should be at the suppressing because the neighbouring +country is populous and the houses greatly beloved by the people, and also well +stored with cattle and other things that will not come all to light so well if +I be absent.” He suggested that he should take with him Mr Magnus, Sir +George Lawson, Leonard Beckwith, Blytheman and his own two servants Uvedale +and Rous, to survey the lands. He remarked frankly, “these men look for none +of the farms, and therefore will see to your profit.”</p> + +<p class='c013'>Jervaux was “well covered with lead,” and as to Bridlington, Norfolk went +into raptures over the roofs there. “It has a barn all covered with lead, the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_139'>139</span>largest, widest, and deepest roofed that ever I saw.” Altogether there must be +at least three or four thousand pounds’ worth of lead, and that so near the +sea that it could be easily taken away<a id='r672'></a><a href='#f672' class='c012'><sup>[672]</sup></a>. Norfolk was at Bridlington from 16 to +18 May. Inventories were made of all the goods and the best part were sent to +Sheriffhutton. The priory church of Bridlington was also the parish church +for 1500 “houseling people” [communicants]; Norfolk suggested that part of +the land might be granted to the parishioners, to keep up the church and the +shrine of St John, and to repair the harbour, which was a dangerous place<a id='r673'></a><a href='#f673' class='c012'><sup>[673]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Even in the matter of the monasteries, Norfolk was not entirely trusted. +Cromwell wrote that commissioners would be sent down from court to survey the +lands, estimate the value of the lead, and so forth. If £20 would repair the haven, +it might be done. The King did not intend to make grants of the land till +Michaelmas, when he would put in substantial men to comfort the tenants +and stay the country. As to the shrine, it was to be taken down, in order that +the people might not be seduced into offering money there; all the jewels and +plate were to be sent direct to London, except such as Norfolk chose to buy. The +cattle and corn might be sold at once<a id='r674'></a><a href='#f674' class='c012'><sup>[674]</sup></a>. These orders were executed before 5 June, +when Tristram Teshe carried to London the tenths and two chests full of the +gold and jewels taken from the Bridlington shrine. Among them were three +“wrought tablets” of which Norfolk wrote to the King “if I durst ... be a thief +I would have stolen them to have sent them to the Queen’s Grace, but now your +Highness having them may give them unto her without offence.” There was +also “a proper thing of <i>radix Jesse</i> to be set upon an altar.” There remained +the silver plate; Norfolk said contemptuously that it was very old and had better +be broken up<a id='r675'></a><a href='#f675' class='c012'><sup>[675]</sup></a>, and no doubt it was destroyed according to his advice. The +church itself is said to have been demolished<a id='r676'></a><a href='#f676' class='c012'><sup>[676]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Jervaux was disposed of in as short a time; the monks had been dispossessed +by Norfolk before 31 May, and Sir George Lawson, Robert Bowes, Blytheman +and others were left in charge. The abbey church was covered with lead, half +of which belonged to the parishioners. Norfolk made a choice selection from the +spoils, including a ring, a silver cross and censers. Beckwith, who carried letters +to London, was charged to give the King “this stone called the best stone.” +“Item, after this manner all men will be desirous to see dissolution.”<a id='r677'></a><a href='#f677' class='c012'><sup>[677]</sup></a> It is +a matter for conjecture whether the defrauded parishioners were so well satisfied, +or whether they received their own part of the lead and preferred that to their +parish church. Sir Arthur Darcy, in a letter to Cromwell of 8 June, commended +Jervaux as “one of the fairest churches I have seen, fair meadows and the river +running by it and a great demesne.” He thought that Jervaux would be a +better place for the King’s stud of mares than Thornbury<a id='r678'></a><a href='#f678' class='c012'><sup>[678]</sup></a>. If this arrangement +would have saved the abbey it is a pity it was not carried out.</p> + +<p class='c013'>When Richard Pollard surveyed Bridlington in June, it is satisfactory to +learn that he found most of the movables had been stolen by the poor folk +of the neighbourhood<a id='r679'></a><a href='#f679' class='c012'><sup>[679]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_140'>140</span>Note F. It has been suggested to us that if we are neither satisfied with the +jury of enemies nor with the jury of friends, it is because whatever the government +did is wrong in our eyes. The third possibility, a jury of indifferent men, +does not seem to have occurred to our critic. Norfolk had all the gentlemen of +the north to choose from; and if it be urged that indifferent men would be +difficult to find at such a time of political excitement, still he could easily have +avoided the Pilgrims’ near relatives, and enemies who had actually given +evidence against them on the charge that was being tried. (For Rudston’s +evidence against Constable see L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1130; for Saville’s evidence +against Darcy see L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 497).) It is true that to appoint an +indifferent jury is a counsel of perfection which in similar circumstances would +very likely not be followed in our own age. If Norfolk had merely named two +juries of loyalists, we should not have called it justice, but it would have been so +natural and indeed inevitable as to merit no special comment. It appears to us +that Norfolk’s actual proceedings, as set forth in his own letters, were very far +from natural, and were deliberately calculated to give the greatest possible pain +both to the accused and to those jurors who were forced either to condemn their +relatives or to show “their cankered hearts” to a jealous government. And we +believe that “outrage” would not be considered too strong a word for his +conduct by most honest men either in that age or our own.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_141'>141</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XIX<br> <span class='c009'>THE KING’S PEACE</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>The Act for the Suppression of the Monasteries may be compared +to a stone flung into a pool, where its fall causes first a wave, then +circle beyond circle of ripples, each one fainter than the last. After +the wave of revolt had passed, there followed a succession of +conspiracies, none showing any promise of success, and each giving +the King an excuse for further bloodshed.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lancashire was not included in Norfolk’s commission, but disturbances +had taken place there which the King was not inclined to +overlook. Towards the end of February 1536–7 he sent down Robert +Ratcliff, Earl of Sussex, as his lieutenant in those parts, jointly with +the Earl of Derby<a id='r680'></a><a href='#f680' class='c012'><sup>[680]</sup></a>. In January Sussex had married for a second +time; the lady was Mary daughter of Sir John Arundel. “Some +are glad of it, and some sorry, for the gentlewoman’s sake,” wrote +John Husee<a id='r681'></a><a href='#f681' class='c012'><sup>[681]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 18 February Sussex was preparing to set out for Lancashire<a id='r682'></a><a href='#f682' class='c012'><sup>[682]</sup></a>. +The instructions provided for himself and his fellow lieutenant +were similar to Norfolk’s. They must administer the oath, first to +the gentlemen, then to the commons. They must seek out the +beginners of the insurrection, and punish all offenders since the +pardon. The monks were to be expelled, their evil lives exposed, and +the article in their favour which had been promised at Doncaster +must be explained away. The Lieutenants were also to reform any +pressing grievances as to enclosures and fines, and to discover the full +strength of Lancashire and Cheshire when mustered<a id='r683'></a><a href='#f683' class='c012'><sup>[683]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sussex, with Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, reached Warrington on +Monday 26 February. Next day the Earl of Derby and the gentlemen +appointed to form the Lieutenants’ council joined them, together +with most of those who were on the commission of oyer and terminer. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_142'>142</span>The meeting was held at the Friary, where the new oath was taken, +and proclamation was made that all complaints would be heard. +Next day the commons took the oath with great good will, and on +Thursday the Lieutenants went on the same business to Manchester, +whence they would proceed to Preston and Lancaster. A refugee +from Carlisle, who was spreading the rumour about a tax on +ploughs, christenings, and burials, was brought before them. They +were anxious to execute him, but were obliged to postpone the matter, +as the offence had been committed in another county<a id='r684'></a><a href='#f684' class='c012'><sup>[684]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sussex was at Lancaster during the first weeks of March, very +busy with the assizes. His expedition was particularly aimed against +the religious; he boasted to Cromwell that he was keeping his promise +“for the punishment of such traitorous monks.”<a id='r685'></a><a href='#f685' class='c012'><sup>[685]</sup></a> Whalley was the +first house to be attacked. No documents concerning its fall remain, +except some examinations of monks about the sale of the abbey plate<a id='r686'></a><a href='#f686' class='c012'><sup>[686]</sup></a>, +but the accusations against the abbot were bound up with the affairs +of Sawley. It has been shown that Sir Arthur Darcy occupied Sawley +and arrested the abbot. He took some depositions against the house, +but these are lost. There was evidence against the abbot without +them; his supplication had been found among Sir Thomas Percy’s +papers, and his servant Shuttleworth had made his confession<a id='r687'></a><a href='#f687' class='c012'><sup>[687]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Shuttleworth was sent up to London and examined there on 23 +February, when he told all the details of his mission to Percy<a id='r688'></a><a href='#f688' class='c012'><sup>[688]</sup></a>. At +the same time Sir Arthur Darcy arrested the abbot. No doubt this +alarmed the scattered brethren, and Richard Estgate, the abbot’s +chaplain<a id='r689'></a><a href='#f689' class='c012'><sup>[689]</sup></a> who had been in his confidence, fled to Whalley Abbey, +where his brother John Estgate was a monk. According to Sanders +the fugitive reached Whalley while the brethren were at supper, and +was sheltered by the monks unknown to the abbot, yet for this offence +alone the abbot of Whalley was hanged<a id='r690'></a><a href='#f690' class='c012'><sup>[690]</sup></a>. This story receives some +confirmation from the fact that Richard Estgate, a monk of Sawley, +was hanged at Whalley the day after the abbot’s execution, in +company with William Heydock, a monk of Whalley, ten laymen and +some of the canons of Cartmell<a id='r691'></a><a href='#f691' class='c012'><sup>[691]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The indictment of the abbot has not been discovered among the +records of riots, thefts and so forth which were tried at the spring +<span class='pageno' id='Page_143'>143</span>assizes in Lancaster that year, but it is known that John Paslew, +twenty-fifth and last abbot of Whalley, was convicted of high treason +before the Earls of Sussex and Derby and was executed at Whalley on +10 March 1536–7, “in a field opposite his birth-place.”<a id='r692'></a><a href='#f692' class='c012'><sup>[692]</sup></a> Stow says +that John Estgate was executed with the abbot<a id='r693'></a><a href='#f693' class='c012'><sup>[693]</sup></a>, but this is a +mistake, as John Estgate went to the monastery of his order at Nethe +on the dispersal of the brethren<a id='r694'></a><a href='#f694' class='c012'><sup>[694]</sup></a>. Stow must have confused John +with his brother Richard Estgate, the monk of Sawley. Sussex +believed that the abbot of Whalley’s conviction was brought about by +a special providence, because he had so many friends that it might have +proved difficult; “it will be a terror to corrupt minds hereafter.”<a id='r695'></a><a href='#f695' class='c012'><sup>[695]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>It is not known when the abbot of Sawley suffered or whether any +of his brethren were with him. He was within Norfolk’s not Sussex’ +jurisdiction, and the King sent special orders that matter must be +found against him<a id='r696'></a><a href='#f696' class='c012'><sup>[696]</sup></a>. There is only one reference to his death. Sir +Stephen Hamerton, examined in the Tower on 25 April 1537, related +that “the abbot [of Sawley] when condemned to die, sent to ask his +forgiveness for having named him in the said letter [the supplication] ... +this Sir Arthur Darcy can himself show.”<a id='r697'></a><a href='#f697' class='c012'><sup>[697]</sup></a> The abbot’s “most sinister +back-friend” was with him at the last. In the end of the Coucher +Book of Sawley Abbey are written some latin verses which have been +regarded as a lament for the death of the last abbot. Examination +shows, however, that they cannot be interpreted as referring to him, +for the writing is of too early a character, and is probably not later +than the beginning of the sixteenth century. The verses are, in +fact, a short poem on the Crucifixion, but Whitaker, who printed an +incorrect copy of them, thought they contained an allusion to the +death of the last abbot, and Harland, the historian of the abbey, +accepted Whitaker’s conjecture. The version printed by both these +antiquaries is unintelligible; a new transcript is given below<a id='r698'></a><a href='#f698' class='c012'><sup>[698]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>According to some accounts the abbot of Sawley was executed at +Lancaster but this must be a mistake arising from a confusion between +the two abbots of Whalley and Sawley. It is said that the prior of +Sawley was executed with the abbot<a id='r699'></a><a href='#f699' class='c012'><sup>[699]</sup></a>. There is no proof of this, but +it is not improbable.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_144'>144</span>However many Sussex executed, there were still some who escaped +him. These included the sub-prior and two brethren of Cartmell, +Captain Atkinson, the bailiffs of Dent, Milnthorpe and Kendal, and +four or five more<a id='r700'></a><a href='#f700' class='c012'><sup>[700]</sup></a>. Atkinson and the bailiff of Kendal, however, were +afterwards captured by Norfolk. Atkinson was betrayed by “his own +sister’s son.”<a id='r701'></a><a href='#f701' class='c012'><sup>[701]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Sussex wrote to Norfolk that Sir Richard Tempest “was neither +good first nor last”; his brother Nicholas and his servants were the +first men who stirred Lancashire. As for the present state of the +country, “as long as the world standeth this will be a dreadful +example”; the commons were sorrowful for their offences and meekly +made submission<a id='r702'></a><a href='#f702' class='c012'><sup>[702]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In a letter to the King written on 11 March 1536–7, but now lost, +Sussex told the story of an old man, who, on being condemned as +a traitor, made lamentation at the bar, crying out that he had thrice +served the King against the Scots. The Lieutenants, whether from +pity or policy, respited him and referred the matter to their master. +Henry replied that he took their action in good part, but none was +more worthy to suffer than a man who had so often taken the King’s +wages. In this letter, dated 17 March, the King heartily thanked the +Earls for their diligence in redressing the grievances of true subjects +and in punishing corrupt ones. He was especially pleased with their +seizure of the goods of Whalley Abbey, and the execution of the +abbot. As the house had been so evil, he thought it would be better +in his own hands; the crown was entitled to it, as he explained, by +the attainder of the abbot. The Earls were to persuade the monks +to enter other houses, as they would be safer there than wandering +about the country. If some would not consent to this, they might be +given capacities. Above all the Earls must take care that the abbey +goods were not embezzled<a id='r703'></a><a href='#f703' class='c012'><sup>[703]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 21 March 1536–7 Sussex wrote to Cromwell from Preston. He +had been very busy with the assize work, but expected to have finished +it in five or six days. He needed the King’s letters for bestowing +the monks of Whalley; after that was arranged, there would be no +longer any need of his presence in Lancashire. He did not believe +horse meat and man’s meat could be so hard to get in any other +shire in England. He would leave the people in very good obedience, +but he thought the monks of Furness had been concerned in the +insurrection. Cromwell had asked for Richard Estgate’s confession, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_145'>145</span>but neither before nor after his condemnation could the Earl bring +him to accuse anyone, save that he once said Nicholas Tempest was a +great favourer of the house of Sawley<a id='r704'></a><a href='#f704' class='c012'><sup>[704]</sup></a>. Henry’s nobles always hated +being sent to the north, which they naturally regarded as “the last +place God made,” in a phrase of the time. Sussex did his best to +earn a speedy recall and a sunny welcome to court, and the monks +suffered in consequence.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Furness was the next house to which the Earl turned his attention. +On 14 March 1536–7 Alexander Richardson, the bailiff of Dalton, +deposed what he knew against the monks. His evidence as to the +first rebellion was all hearsay; he was told that their tenants had +been summoned to come out with horse and harness, that the abbot +had “taken a way to be sure both of King and commons,” and that +money had been sent to the rebel host. About a fortnight before he +made his deposition a friar told him that one of the monks named +Henry Sawley had said, “there should be no lay knave head of +the Church.” Meeting the same friar on 13 March, just after the +execution of the abbot and monks of Whalley, the bailiff asked what +was likely to happen to Dan Henry Sawley “now at my lords’ being +here?” The friar answered, “Nothing, I will say nothing.”<a id='r705'></a><a href='#f705' class='c012'><sup>[705]</sup></a> This +friar was Robert Legate, who had been “put into that monastery +of Furness to read and preach to the brethren,” and also, probably, to +act as one of Cromwell’s spies<a id='r706'></a><a href='#f706' class='c012'><sup>[706]</sup></a>. Sussex received orders from the +King to “search out the whole truth” about the disloyalty of the +Furness monks and to imprison them till further orders were sent. +The King enclosed letters for the brethren of Whalley to go to other +houses, but those who wished to go to Jervaux must choose another +place, as that abbey was likely to be suppressed for the same offence +as their own. Those who had chosen capacities might be given +“bedding, chamber stuff and some money.” Richard Estgate must +be sent to London, for Sir Arthur Darcy knew such matter against +him as might lead him to confess<a id='r707'></a><a href='#f707' class='c012'><sup>[707]</sup></a>; but the monk was already hanged. +The affairs of Whalley were soon despatched, and an inventory of +the plate and goods was taken on 24 March<a id='r708'></a><a href='#f708' class='c012'><sup>[708]</sup></a>. The prior, a man of +eighty, who had been fifty years a monk, begged that he might be +appointed to the parish church; Sussex thought this would be +charitable, and the prior was not likely to live long<a id='r709'></a><a href='#f709' class='c012'><sup>[709]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_146'>146</span>Sussex attended to this suppression, while Derby was still at +Preston sitting in justice. The Abbot of Furness was ordered to +attend at Whalley, and beheld the ruin that was soon to overtake his +own house. The commissioners made every effort, but they could find +only two out of his thirty-three brethren who had offended since the +pardon. A good deal of evidence was produced by Robert Legate, the +vicar of Dalton, and the abbot himself. The monks had repeated +prophecies which were supposed to foretell the King’s death<a id='r710'></a><a href='#f710' class='c012'><sup>[710]</sup></a>. They +had favoured the Pilgrims and one of them had spoken against the +supremacy since the pardon. Dan Henry Sawley, who used to speak +slanderously against the King when overcome with ale, was committed +to Lancaster Castle, with another of the monks. Robert Legate did +not say “nothing,” but accused him of traitorous words, and related +that when he, Legate, preached a sermon commending the King’s just +laws, Sawley said “it was a marvel that God did not take vengeance +of us both, of him for his preaching and of us for hearing him.” +Legate accused the abbot of ordering the monks to make no complaints +to the King’s commissioners; another charge was that he +concealed Sawley’s traitorous words about the “lay knave” who was +head of the Church<a id='r711'></a><a href='#f711' class='c012'><sup>[711]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The abbot had boasted that he had made himself safe both with +King and commons; but now he was in the gravest peril, while +a brother abbot was not a fortnight dead. He must have gone +to Whalley full of the darkest fears and eager to clutch at any chance +of escape. Those who had anything to give and were weak enough to +give it could often buy a pardon from the King. The abbot was +again examined before Sussex, more straitly than ever. Still nothing +could be found that would “serve the purpose,” and the Earl wrote to +the King quite frankly that, one way failing, he sought out another +to dispose of the monks, that the abbey “might be at your gracious +pleasure.” Sussex suggested to the abbot that he might surrender the +house of his own free will. The abbot was “very facile,” and wrote +out a form of surrender immediately in the presence of Sussex and +his council<a id='r712'></a><a href='#f712' class='c012'><sup>[712]</sup></a>. He said that with their aid the brethren might be +brought to ratify it under the convent seal. Three knights were +sent off to take charge of the house, and to see that nothing was +embezzled. Sussex proposed to follow them shortly<a id='r713'></a><a href='#f713' class='c012'><sup>[713]</sup></a>. Henry was +entirely satisfied with this prudent conduct of the affairs of Furness; +<span class='pageno' id='Page_147'>147</span>he ordered inventories to be taken of the goods and jewels of the +house, and arrangements to be made for the confiscation of the lands. +The monks were to be dealt with as in the case of Whalley; the +Earl might allow them apparel and “other things as be of no great +value,” considering the King’s profit, “and yet rid the said monks +in such honest sort as all parties shall be therewith contented.”<a id='r714'></a><a href='#f714' class='c012'><sup>[714]</sup></a> So +anxious were Sussex and his council to make no blunders about the +King’s claim that no less than three forms of surrender were drawn up<a id='r715'></a><a href='#f715' class='c012'><sup>[715]</sup></a>. +The final suppression of Furness Abbey did not take place until July<a id='r716'></a><a href='#f716' class='c012'><sup>[716]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Besides the trial of offenders and the suppression of monasteries, +Sussex had a third duty to perform, the collection of evidence against +the leaders of the Pilgrimage. A clue was provided when a copy +of Norfolk’s letter to Darcy about the second meeting at Doncaster<a id='r717'></a><a href='#f717' class='c012'><sup>[717]</sup></a> +was discovered in the chamber of Randolph Lynney, the vicar of +Blackburn<a id='r718'></a><a href='#f718' class='c012'><sup>[718]</sup></a>. Lynney was imprisoned in Lancaster Castle. While +Sussex was at Whalley he sent for the vicar and examined him as to +how he obtained the letter. This examination is lost, but there +is one still extant which was taken at the same time. This second +prisoner was William Talbot, one of Darcy’s servants<a id='r719'></a><a href='#f719' class='c012'><sup>[719]</sup></a>. Before the +second appointment at Doncaster Talbot had been sent from Templehurst +into Lancashire with letters to the Abbot of Whalley. Among +them he brought the copy of Norfolk’s letter, which had been given +to him by one of Aske’s servants. It must have been sent as definite +proof that Norfolk had consented to a meeting, and the vicar of +Blackburn must have received it from the abbot.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Talbot was a Lancashire man, and had Darcy’s orders to raise the +country, but not, probably, unless the negotiations fell through. The +vicar of Blackburn was ready to help him, and said that if the commons +rose again “he would bear the cross afore them and said God speed +them well in their journey,” but, receiving no further orders, Talbot +remained quietly in Lancashire until Sussex sought him out. He +recalled a number of anecdotes and sayings of Darcy’s, but they +all related to the period covered by the pardon, as Talbot had never +seen his master since the second appointment. Nevertheless they +are endorsed “Talbot’s Confession against Lord Darcy, traitor.”<a id='r720'></a><a href='#f720' class='c012'><sup>[720]</sup></a> +On 8 April 1537 Sussex sent to Cromwell this document and the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_148'>148</span>vicar of Blackburn’s lost confession<a id='r721'></a><a href='#f721' class='c012'><sup>[721]</sup></a>, together with the depositions of +the monks of Whalley about the sale of plate<a id='r722'></a><a href='#f722' class='c012'><sup>[722]</sup></a>, some evidence against +William Colyns bailiff of Kendal<a id='r723'></a><a href='#f723' class='c012'><sup>[723]</sup></a>, and Dr Dakyn’s letter to the Prior +of Cartmell<a id='r724'></a><a href='#f724' class='c012'><sup>[724]</sup></a>. Information was also required against the Tempests<a id='r725'></a><a href='#f725' class='c012'><sup>[725]</sup></a>, +whom Sussex believed to be very blameworthy.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King was delighted with all this evidence, and particularly +with Dakyn’s letter, by which another monastery might be brought +into his hands. Sussex received gracious permission to return to +court when the affairs of Furness were settled, and the King promised +that the abbey lands should not be bestowed without the Earl’s +advice<a id='r726'></a><a href='#f726' class='c012'><sup>[726]</sup></a>. Sussex set out for London about 18 April. Sir Anthony +Fitzherbert, his companion, sent Cromwell a eulogistic account of +the wisdom and diligence by which he had brought Lancashire into +perfect obedience<a id='r727'></a><a href='#f727' class='c012'><sup>[727]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At the same time as the Lancashire assizes the prisoners at +Lincoln were being tried and put to death. The insurgents there +may have shown weakness at the crisis of their attempt, but the +expiation of their failure was very terrible. The swift execution +that the King had designed for them would have been more merciful +than the long winter of captivity during which their fortune swung +between life and death. In order to understand the circumstances +it is necessary to go back to 12 October 1536, when Suffolk sent +up to the King the names of the gentlemen who had surrendered +themselves at his camp. They were all the principal commissioners +who had been taken by the commons, Tyrwhit, Skipwith, the +Dymmokes and the rest<a id='r728'></a><a href='#f728' class='c012'><sup>[728]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King’s lieutenants, the Duke of Suffolk and the Earl of +Shrewsbury, were anxious to treat the matter as an ordinary riot. +A certain number of the commons might be executed, and the whole +affair forgotten. They both assured the King of the gentlemen’s +loyalty<a id='r729'></a><a href='#f729' class='c012'><sup>[729]</sup></a>. Henry was not so easily satisfied. The inclination of the +gentlemen to join the rebels was the most dangerous feature of the +situation, and on 15 October he sent orders that they were all to be +examined. Those whose conduct had been suspicious must be sent +up to London; the rest might be “dismissed with good words,” but +they were to remain in Suffolk’s custody until the commons had +surrendered their weapons. Hudswell and Cutler must be sent up to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_149'>149</span>London, and the Lieutenant might keep for execution four captains +of Louth, three of Horncastle and two of Caistor as a beginning<a id='r730'></a><a href='#f730' class='c012'><sup>[730]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Suffolk reported that the sheriff, Edward Dymmoke, had already +presented to him “an arrant traitor,” who was in ward at Stamford +and would be executed in two or three days<a id='r731'></a><a href='#f731' class='c012'><sup>[731]</sup></a>, but this did not satisfy +Henry. He suspected that the gentlemen would persuade Suffolk to +execute out of hand the commons who could bear evidence against +them. He therefore instructed his Lieutenant to be cautious as to +whom he hanged. Also he was not to execute one alone, but to +proceed as instructed at Louth, Horncastle and elsewhere with “as +many of the common traitors as shall seem requisite.” No gentlemen +need be executed there. Any who had notably offended must be +sent up to London<a id='r732'></a><a href='#f732' class='c012'><sup>[732]</sup></a>. Henry despatched his answer to the Lincolnshire +petition on 19 October. In it the number of victims necessary +to satisfy the royal vengeance was appointed at a hundred<a id='r733'></a><a href='#f733' class='c012'><sup>[733]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hitherto the King had felt no serious doubt that he could do +as he liked in Lincolnshire, and he seems to have reproached +Suffolk with slackness, in that not a single execution had yet taken +place. But at this point the effect of the rising in Yorkshire began +to be experienced. Suffolk dared not hang men; he dared not even +“take them cruelly,” or Lincolnshire would join Yorkshire<a id='r734'></a><a href='#f734' class='c012'><sup>[734]</sup></a>. Nevertheless +he proceeded slowly with the examinations. Cutler, Hudswell, +and Lord Hussey were sent up to London on 18 October<a id='r735'></a><a href='#f735' class='c012'><sup>[735]</sup></a>. The +confession of Abbot Mackerell of Barlings was taken on 20 October<a id='r736'></a><a href='#f736' class='c012'><sup>[736]</sup></a>, +and numbers of others followed<a id='r737'></a><a href='#f737' class='c012'><sup>[737]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 22 October it was known at court that two hundred men +of Louth had taken the oath to the King and surrendered fifteen +of their ringleaders, including Nicholas Melton, otherwise Captain +Cobbler<a id='r738'></a><a href='#f738' class='c012'><sup>[738]</sup></a>. On the same day Horncastle submitted. Suffolk prepared +books of the examinations to be sent to the King and apologised for +the delay in the executions. “We have so much to do that we cannot +possibly provide for all things,” but he promised that the traitors +should receive their full deserts in time<a id='r739'></a><a href='#f739' class='c012'><sup>[739]</sup></a>, and sent lists of the +gentlemen who had taken the King’s oath and of the rebels whom +he held prisoner<a id='r740'></a><a href='#f740' class='c012'><sup>[740]</sup></a>. The King sent back a list of the points on which +the prisoners must be interrogated in order to reveal the complicity +<span class='pageno' id='Page_150'>150</span>of the gentlemen<a id='r741'></a><a href='#f741' class='c012'><sup>[741]</sup></a>. Wriothesley was disgusted that they were not to +be sent up to London for examination<a id='r742'></a><a href='#f742' class='c012'><sup>[742]</sup></a>, but the King did not wish to +alarm the gentlemen, who might still escape to Yorkshire. George +Hudswell, however, who had already been sent up, was examined<a id='r743'></a><a href='#f743' class='c012'><sup>[743]</sup></a>, +and, probably on his accusation, Thomas Moigne was arrested and +sent to London on 26 October. Richard Cromwell informed his uncle +of Moigne’s arrest. His letter contains one of those minor mysteries +which cannot be explained. “This night, by my Lord’s command +I have, with much business, taken George Wyndessor.”<a id='r744'></a><a href='#f744' class='c012'><sup>[744]</sup></a> Perhaps +the business involved the wounding of the captive so severely that +he did not survive; at any rate his name is never mentioned again, +although Richard Cromwell attached so much importance to his +arrest.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The council at Lincoln still used the gentlemen very gently. +Cromwell’s servants looked forward to more rigorous measures<a id='r745'></a><a href='#f745' class='c012'><sup>[745]</sup></a>, +when the first appointment at Doncaster stopped the proceedings +altogether. Norfolk’s letter, which announced the truce to the Privy +Council, concluded “for God’s sake help that his Highness cause not +my lord of Suffolk put any man to death unto my coming.”<a id='r746'></a><a href='#f746' class='c012'><sup>[746]</sup></a> The +prisoners were kept in the castle at Lincoln<a id='r747'></a><a href='#f747' class='c012'><sup>[747]</sup></a>. Only one man is +known to have been executed<a id='r748'></a><a href='#f748' class='c012'><sup>[748]</sup></a>, but it is probable that some others +suffered at this time, just before the first appointment. There +were rumours to that effect<a id='r749'></a><a href='#f749' class='c012'><sup>[749]</sup></a>, and it is significant that the names +of Nicholas Melton (Captain Cobbler) and Thomas Foster the +singing-man of Louth never occur after their examination on 21 +October. It is not likely that they were spared. The probability is +that they and perhaps others were executed without any record of +their death. The Abbot of Barlings was saved from execution by the +truce<a id='r750'></a><a href='#f750' class='c012'><sup>[750]</sup></a>. After the truce the examination of the prisoners continued<a id='r751'></a><a href='#f751' class='c012'><sup>[751]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 14 November 1536 the King sent a pardon to be proclaimed +in Lincolnshire for all except the prisoners<a id='r752'></a><a href='#f752' class='c012'><sup>[752]</sup></a>, of whom there were +at this time about 140 in Lincoln Castle and more in the town<a id='r753'></a><a href='#f753' class='c012'><sup>[753]</sup></a>. After +this nothing more is heard of them, except that they were safely +guarded<a id='r754'></a><a href='#f754' class='c012'><sup>[754]</sup></a>, until 12 January 1536–7. By that time twelve, including +<span class='pageno' id='Page_151'>151</span>the Abbot of Barlings, had been removed from Lincoln to the Tower, +where they were examined again<a id='r755'></a><a href='#f755' class='c012'><sup>[755]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There was still a party in Lincolnshire eager for a new rising. +Aske was told “that if any power had come [from Yorkshire] into +Lincolnshire before the agreement at Doncaster, the commons of +Lincolnshire would have taken their part.”<a id='r756'></a><a href='#f756' class='c012'><sup>[756]</sup></a> There are traces of a +plot for a new rebellion in January 1536–7<a id='r757'></a><a href='#f757' class='c012'><sup>[757]</sup></a>. The leader of the +project was William Leache, who, though he had been excepted from +the pardon, had never been captured. A man who carried messages +from him was taken and sent to the Duke of Norfolk before 14 +February<a id='r758'></a><a href='#f758' class='c012'><sup>[758]</sup></a>. Leache’s two brothers, Nicholas vicar of Belchford, and +Robert, were among the prisoners, and the long delay, during which +it seemed sometimes that the prisoners would be freed, sometimes +that they must die, could not but produce an attempt in their favour, +but it came to nothing.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Monday 5 March Sir William Parre arrived at Lincoln to +try the rebels. After him came Sir Walter Luke, Serjeant Hinde, +William Horwood the King’s Solicitor, and the gentlemen of the +county who were royal commissioners; they were all royalists. The +trials were not disgraced by the unnatural proceedings which had +characterised Norfolk’s assizes at York<a id='r759'></a><a href='#f759' class='c012'><sup>[759]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There were now a hundred prisoners in the charge of the sheriff<a id='r760'></a><a href='#f760' class='c012'><sup>[760]</sup></a>, +exactly the number which the King had named<a id='r761'></a><a href='#f761' class='c012'><sup>[761]</sup></a>. Yet in November +1536 there had been over 140. It is unknown what became of the +rest. Perhaps they were discharged; perhaps they died in the overcrowded +and insanitary prisons; perhaps some of them were executed, +for it was reported in Yorkshire in February that “they were busily +hanged” in Lincolnshire<a id='r762'></a><a href='#f762' class='c012'><sup>[762]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Thirty-four prisoners were brought to trial on the morning of +Tuesday 6 March 1536–7. In spite of the King’s efforts to discover +the guilt of the gentlemen, only one of them appeared among the +prisoners, Thomas Moigne the lawyer, who served as a scape-goat +for the rest. His execution was desirable, from Henry’s point of view, +as he was a very able man, but in one way it would have been safer to +select a less capable victim, as he “for three hours held plea with such +subtle allegations, that if Sergeant Hinde and the Solicitor had not +acquitted themselves like true servants to the King and profound +<span class='pageno' id='Page_152'>152</span>learned men, he had troubled and in a manner evict all the rest.”<a id='r763'></a><a href='#f763' class='c012'><sup>[763]</sup></a> +Moigne’s labour, however, was thrown away, as all the prisoners +were condemned<a id='r764'></a><a href='#f764' class='c012'><sup>[764]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The sentence cannot be described as unjust. Not only according +to Tudor laws, but by any law, it is treason to bear arms against the +government, or to give aid to rebels. The prisoner may plead that +he acted from fear, or in the hope that he might acquire sufficient +influence over the rebels to make them alter their intentions, but +if the judge does not choose to listen to the plea, he may be blamed +for harshness but not for injustice. The lives of the Lincolnshire +men were forfeit, for they had made no terms. When they had +weapons in their hands they had not tried to save themselves, and +now they paid the penalty.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Among the condemned were fourteen laymen, including Moigne +and Guy Kyme<a id='r765'></a><a href='#f765' class='c012'><sup>[765]</sup></a>, who acted as an intermediary between Yorkshire and +Lincolnshire, six parish priests, including Thomas Yoell a native of +Louth but priest of Sotby, who was aged and blind<a id='r766'></a><a href='#f766' class='c012'><sup>[766]</sup></a>, four monks +of Barlings, six monks of Bardney, three monks of Kirkstead and +Richard Harrison the Abbot of Kirkstead. All the monks of Kirkstead +had been with the host, and the abbot sent money and food, +though he excused himself as he was ill. The monks said in their +defence that the commons had threatened to burn the house if they +did not come, and that the abbot rejoiced when they came back and +thanked God that there had been no business<a id='r767'></a><a href='#f767' class='c012'><sup>[767]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Moigne, Kyme and the abbot were executed at Lincoln on +Wednesday 7 March 1536–7. Moigne suffered the full penalty, +but the other two were only hanged<a id='r768'></a><a href='#f768' class='c012'><sup>[768]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Meanwhile on Tuesday afternoon and Wednesday morning the +other sixty-four prisoners were tried. They were found guilty and +condemned, but apparently it was understood that they were not to +be executed, and the court presented a formal petition that the +King would show them mercy<a id='r769'></a><a href='#f769' class='c012'><sup>[769]</sup></a>. They were all laymen<a id='r770'></a><a href='#f770' class='c012'><sup>[770]</sup></a>, and among +them may be noticed Robert Horncliff and Anthony Curtis, whose +adventures have already been related<a id='r771'></a><a href='#f771' class='c012'><sup>[771]</sup></a>. Curtis was indicted but +not arraigned, “because it is thought he is within the compass of the +pardon and would plead it.”<a id='r772'></a><a href='#f772' class='c012'><sup>[772]</sup></a> The other two prisoners who made up +<span class='pageno' id='Page_153'>153</span>the hundred were Roger New of Horncastle, who was in the Tower<a id='r773'></a><a href='#f773' class='c012'><sup>[773]</sup></a>, +and Robert Carre of Sleaford, who had been discharged by Cromwell’s +orders<a id='r774'></a><a href='#f774' class='c012'><sup>[774]</sup></a>. The goods of all the prisoners were forfeited to the King by +their attainder. Sir William Tyrwhit, the new sheriff, petitioned for +the property of Guy Kyme in recompense for his expenses over the +prisoners<a id='r775'></a><a href='#f775' class='c012'><sup>[775]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Those who had been pardoned were set at liberty upon sureties. +The rest of the condemned were executed on Friday 9 March at +Horncastle and on Saturday 10 March at Louth, before all the people +assembled for the market<a id='r776'></a><a href='#f776' class='c012'><sup>[776]</sup></a>. The country was then reported to be in +perfect quiet, and Parre proceeded to take inventories of the lands +and goods of Kirkstead and Barlings. A monk had been discovered +at Bardney who had not been tried at the last assize, and Parre wished +to know what was to be done with him<a id='r777'></a><a href='#f777' class='c012'><sup>[777]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The first business of the court at Lincoln of 5 March had been to +find a true bill for high treason against the twelve prisoners in the +Tower, Matthew Mackerell Abbot of Barlings, Thomas Kendall vicar of +Louth<a id='r778'></a><a href='#f778' class='c012'><sup>[778]</sup></a>, Thomas Ratford vicar of Snelland<a id='r779'></a><a href='#f779' class='c012'><sup>[779]</sup></a>, Robert Southbye<a id='r780'></a><a href='#f780' class='c012'><sup>[780]</sup></a>, George +Hudswell<a id='r781'></a><a href='#f781' class='c012'><sup>[781]</sup></a>, Roger New<a id='r782'></a><a href='#f782' class='c012'><sup>[782]</sup></a>, Bernard Fletcher<a id='r783'></a><a href='#f783' class='c012'><sup>[783]</sup></a>, Brian Staines<a id='r784'></a><a href='#f784' class='c012'><sup>[784]</sup></a>, Philip +Trotter<a id='r785'></a><a href='#f785' class='c012'><sup>[785]</sup></a>, Nicholas Leache<a id='r786'></a><a href='#f786' class='c012'><sup>[786]</sup></a>, Robert Leache<a id='r787'></a><a href='#f787' class='c012'><sup>[787]</sup></a>, and William Burreby +alias Morland the monk of Louth Park<a id='r788'></a><a href='#f788' class='c012'><sup>[788]</sup></a>. The prisoners were brought +up for trial at the Guildhall on Monday 26 March 1537. The charge +was that they</p> + +<p class='c015'>“did on Monday 2 October [1536] 28 Henry VIII at Louth riotously assemble +with others in great numbers, compassing and imagining the death of the King; +and for that intent held a discourse amongst themselves that they with a great +multitude and power would rule and govern the King against his will and deprive +him of his royal liberty and power, and subvert and annul divers statutes +ordained in the reign of the said King for the common weal and government +of England; and for such purpose did levy war against the King. And that they +with arms, etc., levied war against the King, and slew divers of the lieges who +<span class='pageno' id='Page_154'>154</span>refused to fulfil their traitorous intent; and made proclamations, and rang the +common bells and so assembled 4000 persons until Wednesday 4 October, when, +having chosen captains and assembled 6000 persons, they proceeded to Caistor +and compelled Sir Robert Tyrwhit and his fellow justices, then holding sessions +there, to fly, and took certain of the said justices. Further, that the said Leache, +etc., continued in arms, etc., at Louth, Caistor, Legbourne and elsewhere from +that Wednesday until the Thursday following, when they assembled at Towys to +the number of 10,000 persons, and thence on the following Friday, to the number +of 12,000 with banners displayed, went towards Lincoln and continued the same +day in a field at Netlam, called Netlam Field, at war against the King. And +thus the said Leache, etc., compassed and imagined the King’s death, etc.”<a id='r789'></a><a href='#f789' class='c012'><sup>[789]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The prisoners pleaded “not guilty” but were all found guilty and +condemned to death. The sentence was carried out with the usual +barbarities at Tyburn on 29 March 1537, and the bodies were buried +at Pardon Churchyard by the Charterhouse<a id='r790'></a><a href='#f790' class='c012'><sup>[790]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>These were all the prisoners from Lincolnshire who are known +to have been executed. There were a few others whose fate is +unknown. William Longbottom was examined in the Tower on 12 +January 1536–7, but he was not among those tried at the Guildhall<a id='r791'></a><a href='#f791' class='c012'><sup>[791]</sup></a>. +A canon of Barlings was in the Tower on 18 March 1536–7<a id='r792'></a><a href='#f792' class='c012'><sup>[792]</sup></a>, but he +has no further history, and no directions concerning the monk of +Bardney, about whom Parre wrote, have been preserved.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The most interesting of the sufferers is Matthew Mackerell Bishop +of Chalcedon and Abbot of Barlings. He is described as a man of +remarkable eloquence. In 1524 he preached the funeral sermon of +the old Duke of Norfolk, and so moving was his discourse on death +and the Resurrection that the whole congregation was seized with a +dread that the dead duke was about to rise from his coffin, and all +rushed tumultuously from the church<a id='r793'></a><a href='#f793' class='c012'><sup>[793]</sup></a>. It is singular that priestly +eloquence played so small a part in the rebellion. Several of the +laymen could sway multitudes by their speech, but the only two +instances of priests using this their chosen weapon were the “collation” +of Thomas Kendall the vicar of Louth and Archbishop Lee’s unfortunate +sermon at Pontefract. Abbot Mackerell might have been +a powerful ally and his gift must have made him a special object +of dread to the King. According to all the historians before and +including Froude, the Abbot played a distinguished part in the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_155'>155</span>rising, although he was not, as some chroniclers imagined, Captain +Cobbler. Recently, however, it has been pointed out that his activity +was much less than had been supposed. As his is in a sense a test +case, it may be as well to go into it in detail.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Abbot of Barlings was accused of having had foreknowledge +of the rebellion, because about a month before it broke out he had +sent away much of the plate and ornaments of the monastery to +be hidden in the houses of laymen<a id='r794'></a><a href='#f794' class='c012'><sup>[794]</sup></a>. To this charge he replied that +when the King’s surveyors were seizing the goods of the lesser +monasteries, it was reported that after Michaelmas they would return +and take those of the greater houses, beginning at Barlings. When +he heard this he called the brethren together and advised them to +make provision for themselves by selling their plate and vestments, +as the government pension was only 40<i>s.</i> a-piece. The monks agreed +and he proceeded to sell the plate<a id='r795'></a><a href='#f795' class='c012'><sup>[795]</sup></a>. This was not very honest dealing, +as the possessions of the monastery did not, of course, belong to the +individual monks. On the other hand, neither did they belong to the +King, who had received the lesser monasteries, but not the greater, +by Act of Parliament. It was easy for the monks to persuade +themselves that they had a better right to the valuables than the +King. Nevertheless the abbot can be acquitted of treason only by +acknowledging embezzlement.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Second, he was charged with inciting the commons to plunder the +house of John Freeman, one of the surveyors, and to murder Freeman +himself<a id='r796'></a><a href='#f796' class='c012'><sup>[796]</sup></a>. This charge rested only on Freeman’s own assertion, and +therefore is not worthy of consideration.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Third, he was accused of having aided and encouraged the rebels. +He confessed that he had aided them by the gift of provisions and +money, but he protested that he acted through fear, weeping and +trembling in a far from encouraging manner. The main charge +was that when he brought the provisions to the rebel host, he urged +the captains to proclaim what he had brought. He defended this by +saying that he hoped the proclamation would appease the commons +and prevent them from demanding more<a id='r797'></a><a href='#f797' class='c012'><sup>[797]</sup></a>. His words were, “Masters, +I have according to your commandment brought you victual, beseeching +you to be good unto me and preserve my house from spoil, and if +ye will let me have a passport I will go to a lordship of mine called +Sweton, where, against your coming to Ancaster Heath, I will prepare +<span class='pageno' id='Page_156'>156</span>for you as much more victual”<a id='r798'></a><a href='#f798' class='c012'><sup>[798]</sup></a>; but it was reported that he said, +“Go forward and stick to this matter,” and the messengers to Beverley +told the Yorkshire men of the abbot’s great present and his comfortable +words<a id='r799'></a><a href='#f799' class='c012'><sup>[799]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The case of Abbot Mackerell is typical of those of the other abbots +and religious men who were involved in the rebellion. It is curious +that their most ardent apologists dwell particularly on the small +share that the monks took in it, as this does not at first sight appear +to be to their credit. The Pilgrims were putting themselves, “lives, +wives, children, lands, goods and chattels ... to the utter adventure +of total destruction,” on behalf of the monks. In return they were +received with terror, helped grudgingly, and dismissed as soon as +possible. Their champions might risk their all, but the monks would +risk nothing in return if they could help it. They were ready to +share the fruits of victory, but they had no mind to suffer for a +possible defeat. The attitude of the Abbot of Furness was only too +common—they wanted to be safe with both sides.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In extenuation it may be urged that the arrival of a band of rebels +at a monastery was often indistinguishable from the arrival of a gang +of marauders. At the beginning of the rebellion, moreover, the +commons often compelled the monks to serve in their ranks, which +was contrary to the monastic vow; it is not suggested that the +religious should have borne arms, but that they might have been +more liberal of money, encouragement and prayers.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Then too the monks were landowners, sharing all the interests and +terrors of the propertied class. They might on the whole be better +landlords than laymen were, but in individual cases they had aroused +hatred, and they feared the consequences. The Abbot of Jervaux’s +tenants were ready to murder him. Mackerell said that many of the +commons were his mortal enemies<a id='r800'></a><a href='#f800' class='c012'><sup>[800]</sup></a>. The poor were groping towards +a policy of their own, that they would defend the monasteries if the +landlords would remedy their grievances. The religious were not +farsighted enough to understand and adopt this policy. They would +not take part with the commons; they were merely afraid of them +and thought that somebody ought to keep them in order. They did +not see that by their own faith they might convert a disorderly rabble +into a body of crusaders. It was not impossible; the miracle had +been wrought before and would be again, but the English religious +of that age were not the men to perform it. They were in the main +<span class='pageno' id='Page_157'>157</span>worthy creatures enough, but incapable of either a martyr’s complete +self-abnegation or a rebel’s courage and decision:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“The life of the monastery was cut off from the life of the nation. Narrowness +of sympathy was the most serious fault of the monk. He had little interest +in what went on outside the abbey close. He had nothing to care for or to work +for, except the maintenance of the wealth and position of his house. His whole +life was spent in its corridors and gardens, except when he was sent out in +company with another brother to gather the rents of its distant estates, or to +accompany the abbot on his occasional visit to London. He spent all his waking +hours in company with several score of other men, as singly devoted as he was +himself to the interests of the place.... It is not wonderful that he developed a +narrowness of mind which made him, in questions of local or national interest, a +dead weight on society.”<a id='r801'></a><a href='#f801' class='c012'><sup>[801]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>When the order came for the monks to go, they lamented—and +accepted the King’s pension. There were among them some martyrs +and some rebels, but even out of those who were executed many would +have submitted to the King on any terms if he would have accepted +their submission.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry was not inclined to be lenient, and he had no difficulty in +satisfying his anger against the clergy, regular and secular, but that +was not enough; he wanted also to punish the gentlemen, whom he +suspected of great negligence and probable disloyalty, because they +had not prevented the rebellion at the first signs of disturbance. In +this he was partially baffled by the strong class spirit of the gentlemen. +His lieutenants were reluctant to gather evidence against men of +their own order. They were quite willing to sacrifice the commons, +and they could not save the monks, but as far as possible they +protected the gentlemen and even the higher of the secular clergy<a id='r802'></a><a href='#f802' class='c012'><sup>[802]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This reluctance could not be more than a temporary check to the +King. If he could not trust his agents, he would act himself. There +is reason to suppose that he did not intend to permit some of the +northern gentlemen who rode up to court at Christmas 1536 to return +to the north again, but if this were so the outcry of the commons in +the north temporarily saved their lords, and convinced the King that +the time for the blow had not come. The commons were inspired +more by fear than by love. They were not so much anxious lest +their masters should be put to death as suspicious that they were +plotting with the King against the commons. As it turned out the +effect of the gentlemen’s return was greatly in the King’s favour, as +it encouraged those whom he summoned later to come up to him +<span class='pageno' id='Page_158'>158</span>without fear. In this way the Percys, Sir Robert Constable, and +Lord Darcy went unsuspiciously up to London.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The proceedings of Norfolk and Sussex and the executions in +Lincolnshire shook the confidence of the gentlemen who remained in +the north. They could not help seeing that the King’s oblivion of +the past extended only to the appointment of Doncaster. He had +forgotten his own promises, but he was not inclined to forget the +behaviour of the gentlemen, and he was prepared to strain the law to +the utmost in order to evade the observation of the pardon. As this +came to be realised in Yorkshire the uneasiness which it produced +was the cause of the last Yorkshire plot, devised by that particularly +unsuitable conspirator, Sir John Bulmer.</p> + +<p class='c011'>About the middle of March the Bulmers’ peace was suddenly +disturbed by the delivery of a royal citation summoning both Sir +John and Margaret his wife to go up to London<a id='r803'></a><a href='#f803' class='c012'><sup>[803]</sup></a>. This part of the +affair is difficult to follow, but it is probable that information had +been laid against them by Gregory Conyers, who played so mysterious +a part in Bigod’s rising<a id='r804'></a><a href='#f804' class='c012'><sup>[804]</sup></a>. Norfolk must have sent his accusations to +London, but the letter containing them is lost.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On receiving the summons the unfortunate couple realised that it +was probably their death warrant, but Sir John resolved to make sure. +He obtained licence from Norfolk to delay his journey until Easter, +and wrote privately to his son Ralph, who was still in London, to ask +whether he might safely obey the summons<a id='r805'></a><a href='#f805' class='c012'><sup>[805]</sup></a>. Ralph sent back a +servant named Lasingham with the message that Sir John “should +look well to himself, for, as far as he could perceive, all was falsehood +that they were dealt withal,”<a id='r806'></a><a href='#f806' class='c012'><sup>[806]</sup></a> a true but dangerous message. The +gentlemen who were summoned to London at that time were all +wanted for trial, and the Bulmers, conscious of their secret, were +driven desperate by fear.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lady Bulmer was terrified lest she should be parted from her +husband. Their connection had been irregular, and she knew that +there was no hope of mercy if her conduct were called in question. +Sir John Watts, the parish priest of Easington, Yorks, said, “She is +feared that she will be departed from him for ever ... she peradventure +will say, ‘Mr Bulmer for my sake break a spear,’ and then he like +a dow will [say], ‘Pretty Peg, I will never forsake thee.’” His +servants heard him say that “he had liever be racked than part from +his wife,”<a id='r807'></a><a href='#f807' class='c012'><sup>[807]</sup></a> and she for her part declared that “she would liever be +<span class='pageno' id='Page_159'>159</span>torn in pieces than go to London.” Apart from other considerations, +her baby son was not three months old, and it would be equally hard +to take or to leave him. In spite of the priest’s assertion that Margaret +encouraged her husband to plan a new insurrection sooner than obey +the royal summons, it seems that she really used her influence to +persuade him to escape by sea either to Ireland or to Scotland<a id='r808'></a><a href='#f808' class='c012'><sup>[808]</sup></a>; but +it was very difficult to induce a man to leave his father’s home and +his native land in those days. In almost every case a suspected man +preferred the probability of death to the certainty of exile. Sir John +would not fly, but neither would he go to London. He preferred the +desperate expedient of an attempt to raise a new insurrection, saying, +“As good be slain and die in the field as be martyred as many other +were above.”<a id='r809'></a><a href='#f809' class='c012'><sup>[809]</sup></a> The exact date when Ralph Bulmer’s warning was +received is not known, but it was about Palm Sunday 25 March 1537. +In “Palm Sunday week” Margaret begged Sir John to fly, but he +resolved to stay and make a last effort to revive the Pilgrimage.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Thursday 29 March Sir John Bulmer’s chaplain, William +Staynhus, set out from Lastingham, where Sir John was living, on a +tour among the neighbouring parish priests “to inquire if the commons +would rise again, which they should know by men’s confessions.” +Margaret suggested that he should go to Bartholomew Cottam and +Parson Franke, rector of Lofthouse, who had been a captain in the +first insurrection<a id='r810'></a><a href='#f810' class='c012'><sup>[810]</sup></a>. The chaplain was also to visit John Watts the +parson of Easington, the parson of Hinderwell and, perhaps, Gregory +Conyers. His message seems to have been that an attempt should be +made to seize Scarborough on Easter Day<a id='r811'></a><a href='#f811' class='c012'><sup>[811]</sup></a>, though if this is correct +Bulmer was allowing very little time for preparation as it was already +Thursday and Easter was the following Sunday.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Other messengers were sent out besides the chaplain. Robert +Hugill went to the vicar of Kirkby in Cleveland, and Sir John Bulmer +wrote to Lord Lumley “to come and live with him till they might +provide some way for themselves.”<a id='r812'></a><a href='#f812' class='c012'><sup>[812]</sup></a> With the letter he sent a copy +of a treasonable bill which had been brought to him by his servant +Blenkinsop<a id='r813'></a><a href='#f813' class='c012'><sup>[813]</sup></a>. Lord Lumley’s son was in the Tower, with very little +hope of obtaining mercy from the King. Staynhus told Sir John +that Lumley had said, “If he were commanded to come up [to London], +he would bring 10,000 at his tail.” Sir John replied that it was +impossible for both himself and Lord Lumley together to raise +<span class='pageno' id='Page_160'>160</span>enough men to save them from the King. Staynhus did not press +the point and merely said, “Nay, that is truth, but thus speak they +there.”<a id='r814'></a><a href='#f814' class='c012'><sup>[814]</sup></a> Shortly before Good Friday Sir John visited Lord Lumley, +who was living at Kilton near Guisborough; although Lumley had +intended to spend Whitsuntide at Kilton, after Sir John’s visit he left +the place hurriedly, “which things causeth a great murmur to be +here in the country.”<a id='r815'></a><a href='#f815' class='c012'><sup>[815]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Bulmer was counting on the help of Lord Latimer, who had also +been summoned to London, and of Sir James Strangways, an old +friend of his, but it does not appear that he sent them any messages<a id='r816'></a><a href='#f816' class='c012'><sup>[816]</sup></a>. +When he received his son’s warning, however, he sent it on to Lord +Darcy and perhaps to Sir Robert Constable<a id='r817'></a><a href='#f817' class='c012'><sup>[817]</sup></a>, but they probably had +set out for London before the message arrived; at any rate they paid +no attention to it.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After despatching his messengers Sir John went to Rosedale, where +he was the lessee of a suppressed monastery<a id='r818'></a><a href='#f818' class='c012'><sup>[818]</sup></a>. The parish priest, +Sir James Otterburn, said to him on Good Friday, “Here is great +destruction of people since my Lord Norfolk came,” and hinted that +the country was ready to rise again<a id='r819'></a><a href='#f819' class='c012'><sup>[819]</sup></a>. Sir John received further +encouragement from a very unexpected quarter. Young Sir Ralph +Evers had occasion to write to him about the presentation to the +living of Settrington, and in his letter he sharply criticised both +Norfolk and Cromwell. It is true that Evers afterwards denied that +he had written this part of the letter, and asserted that it had been +forged by his enemies, but Norfolk, who investigated the affair, came +to the conclusion that Evers was really responsible for the words<a id='r820'></a><a href='#f820' class='c012'><sup>[820]</sup></a>. +As he, next to the Earl of Cumberland, had been the chief supporter +of the King’s cause in the north, the fact that even he was turning +against the King’s measures is highly significant, and must have been +very encouraging to the Bulmers. This, however, was the end of +their success, for William Staynhus’ mission was a failure.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Staynhus went first to see John Watts, parson of Easington, and +revealed his master’s purpose to him in the presence of Bartholomew +Cottam. Watts, a garrulous but harmless old man, entered into a +long discourse about “the chronicles.” Probably, like Wilfrid Holme, +he proved from history to his own satisfaction that “treason can never +<span class='pageno' id='Page_161'>161</span>prosper.” By his account his arguments completely baffled Staynhus, +who could not of course complete the rhyme. “He gave no answer, +but I answered that,” “he answered no word”—are Watts’ report +of Staynhus’ share in the conversation. He managed to say that +he was on his way to Parson Franke at Lofthouse, and Watts +determined to forestall him; “my purpose was that he [Franke] +being a marvellous witted man as we have in all our country might +have his answer surely.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Although Watts said service before he set out, he arrived at +Lofthouse before Staynhus, whose horse was weary. Watts repeated +the chaplain’s message to Franke, “he hearing me patiently,” and +then suggested that he had better go home again before Staynhus +arrived, so that his errand should not be suspected. The two priests +set out together, but they met Staynhus on the road. Staynhus +said, “I have a message to show you from my master and my lady.” +Franke answered, “If ye have any message to say to me, my brother +parson shall hear and the bailiff and the constable both, because +your master was with my Lord Lumley within these two days, saying +he had both brewed and baked and slain his beefs, and suddenly my +Lord Lumley is gone.” As Franke was angry, Staynhus gave him a +harmless message: “My master and my lady commended them to +you, desiring you to show them whether they may make a proctor to +excuse them. They are sent for to London.”<a id='r821'></a><a href='#f821' class='c012'><sup>[821]</sup></a> Franke exclaimed, +“Twisshe, straws! I can neither thee neither thy master thanks +for sending to me for any such counsel.... If thy master be sent for to +London let him go as he is commanded. I can give him none other +counsel.”<a id='r822'></a><a href='#f822' class='c012'><sup>[822]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Watts, “hearing that cloaked matter contrary to his [Staynhus’] +saying before Bartholomew Cottam,” cried out, “‘Parson, these be not +the matters he said he would show to you, but if ye will hear I will +rehearse them before you.’” Franke had no desire to assist at so +dangerous a rehearsal, and replied hastily that he would hear nothing, +and that Watts was “frantic.” Watts, angry in his turn, said “he +should hear them whether he would or no,” but Franke went away +and summoned the bailiff to hear Staynhus’ message, and in the +interval Watts cooled. When the bailiff came Franke repeated the +“cloaked” message, and asked if there were any harm in it. The +bailiff said none that he could perceive, and went home. Watts and +Staynhus followed him<a id='r823'></a><a href='#f823' class='c012'><sup>[823]</sup></a>. The chaplain had a letter for Franke from +Sir John Bulmer, but “finding the parson did not favour his master,” +<span class='pageno' id='Page_162'>162</span>he tore up the letter and threw the pieces “into a water between the +bailiffs house and the church.”<a id='r824'></a><a href='#f824' class='c012'><sup>[824]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The two priests talked together as they went along. Staynhus +asked Watts what he thought would happen to the gentlemen whom +the King had sent for; Watts replied vigorously but discouragingly, +“All false harlots should be hanged by the neck.” He asked how +Sir John hoped to resist the summons, and Staynhus said that Lord +Lumley had promised to succour him to his power. Watts had no +confidence in Lumley, and said he would forsake Sir John. He also +declared that he was sure the whole plot was devised by that wicked +woman Margaret, Sir John’s pretended wife. He gave as his reason +for this the story of one of Bulmer’s tenants at Rosedale, who had +heard a servant of Sir John’s say that his master had said that he +would rather be racked than parted from his wife. This was merely +a fourth-hand report, and Watts’ conviction was based on his disapproval +of Margaret’s past life rather than anything in her present +conduct.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Staynhus said nothing to confirm Watts’ opinion that Margaret +was at the bottom of the plot. When Watts went so far as to say, +“Sir William, take heed of yourself, an ye are a wanton priest, +beware ye fall not in love with her, for if ye do ye will be made as +wise as your master and both will be hanged then,” he was moved to +protest, “Of a truth I never wist she loved me but of late,” i.e. I was +never on friendly terms with her until lately.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Watts reported the conclusion of the conversation as follows:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Then at last of all I said, ‘Sir, ye are a priest, counsel your master to take +heed of himself, and also take ye heed, for surely ye must be first hanged; for +surely, Sir William, there is not one man in all England will take your master’s +part.’ Then said Sir William, ‘Parson, I dare show my mind to you.’</p> + +<p class='c013'>‘What else?’ said I, ‘I am sure enough, and that know ye well enough.’</p> + +<p class='c013'>‘Thus it is, if my master mistrusted that the commons would not be up at +a wipe, surely he will flee to Ireland, and he trusts to get his lands again within +a year.’</p> + +<p class='c013'>Last word that ever I said to the said Sir William, I said: ‘Fare well Sir +William, for of a truth thou wilt be hanged by the neck.’”</p> + +<p class='c011'>With this encouragement Staynhus departed. Watts passed the +night at the bailiffs house at Lofthouse, and next day went home to +serve mass on Easter Even. He confessed himself to be “marvellously +‘commeryd’ in the mind how I should do in this matter which passed +greatly my wit.... I knowing all this, some men would think I had no +<span class='pageno' id='Page_163'>163</span>cause to be very merry at my heart.... I could not compass in my mind +how I should disclose this hideous and parlous case which passeth my +rude understanding.”<a id='r825'></a><a href='#f825' class='c012'><sup>[825]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>If the worthy parson was troubled and frightened, the situation of +Sir John and his fellow conspirators was still more “hideous and +parlous.” The chaplain’s visit to Lofthouse was on Good Friday, +30 March, and by 8 April they were all under arrest. The matter +came to light through Gregory Conyers, who must have laid information +very soon after Staynhus parted from Sir John Watts, as Norfolk +had time to collect some confessions, which probably included that of +Watts, before he sent up to London on 8 April Nicholas Rudston, +Gregory Conyers, William Staynhus and Margaret Bulmer<a id='r826'></a><a href='#f826' class='c012'><sup>[826]</sup></a>. Already +the husband and wife were parted, for Sir John was to be sent up later, +and did not reach London until 21 April<a id='r827'></a><a href='#f827' class='c012'><sup>[827]</sup></a>. Sir William Bulmer, on +hearing of his brother’s arrest, went to Norfolk to find out whether +anything was laid to his charge, but after examination Norfolk +acquitted him and sent him up to London, not as a prisoner but as a +messenger<a id='r828'></a><a href='#f828' class='c012'><sup>[828]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>As Staynhus, Rudston and Conyers were making their weary +journey up to London, Rudston asked the chaplain who were his +accusers<a id='r829'></a><a href='#f829' class='c012'><sup>[829]</sup></a>. Staynhus replied that they were the vicar of Easington +and the rector of Lofthouse. Rudston, sympathising with him, +remarked that Franke had done much worse than the acts with +which he charged Staynhus, as he was a head captain in Howdenshire, +and caused Sir Thomas Percy to rise; “he [Rudston] could say +more if he list, ... he [Franke] was the unknownest fellow in Yorkshire.”<a id='r830'></a><a href='#f830' class='c012'><sup>[830]</sup></a> +Rudston’s accusation was correct; Franke is mentioned as +a captain in one of the earliest of Aske’s manifestos<a id='r831'></a><a href='#f831' class='c012'><sup>[831]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is not certain where Lady Bulmer was imprisoned at first, but +when Sir John was sent up they were reunited in the Tower<a id='r832'></a><a href='#f832' class='c012'><sup>[832]</sup></a>. +Staynhus was confined in the Marshalsea, and found there another +prisoner, John Pickering the priest—not the friar—who was an old +friend of his. They were not harshly treated, and after they had +heard each other’s confession and dined, Staynhus told his friend why +he was committed. His story was that Sir John Bulmer had sent +him to Parson Franke with the letter of citation to London, because +Bulmer wanted Franke’s advice about it. Staynhus had called upon +<span class='pageno' id='Page_164'>164</span>the priest of Easington on the way about his private affairs, and the +priest, when he heard that Sir John was cited to London, said that he +would lose his head. Franke had been angry at Sir John’s message, +and consequently Staynhus had never delivered his master’s letter. +He repeated to Pickering Rudston’s accusation of Franke, and said +that Gregory Conyers was a witness to the words. Pickering thought +the matter so important that he repeated it to another prisoner and +also to the keeper of the Marshalsea. Staynhus was a vindictive +man. He declared that if he were hanged he would cause Parson +Franke to hang Rudston or Rudston Parson Franke<a id='r833'></a><a href='#f833' class='c012'><sup>[833]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Thus by the beginning of May 1536 all the principal leaders of +the Pilgrimage were in the Tower, and the last hope that the +appointment of Doncaster would be observed had vanished. The +humiliation of the north was completed by the mock trial of the +prisoners before a jury of their own relations; no further resistance +was possible when men had been reduced to this infamy. In the +south, however, the failure of the insurrection caused keen disappointment +in some quarters, while the people had not the evidence +of the King’s severity before their eyes to restrain the expression of +their grievances. It is true that the south could not be induced +to rise simultaneously and complete the work of the Pilgrims. The +southern sympathisers were less warlike and less enthusiastic than the +northerners. They hoped that the northern rebels could do all that +was required, and that they would enjoy the result without sharing in +the risk.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After the second appointment of Doncaster, there was an outburst +of activity among the conservative priests which the government +suppressed as far as possible. On 23 December 1536, Richard +Southwell announced that he had arrested two priests who were +circulating copies of the rebels’ oath<a id='r834'></a><a href='#f834' class='c012'><sup>[834]</sup></a>. His brother Robert Southwell +reported about Easter 1537 the execution of two priests who were +taken in Sussex and were perhaps the same men<a id='r835'></a><a href='#f835' class='c012'><sup>[835]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 31 December 1536 another priest was charged with sowing +abroad slanderous bills against Cromwell in Cambridgeshire, where +many such bills passed about<a id='r836'></a><a href='#f836' class='c012'><sup>[836]</sup></a>. Richard Jackson, the parson of +Witnesham, Suffolk, was reported on the same day to have brought +into the pulpit the King’s Book of Articles, and said, “shaking the +book in his hand, ‘Beware, my friends, of the English books ... he +<span class='pageno' id='Page_165'>165</span>that was the first and chief setter forward of them shall be the first +that shall repent him’”; besides other speeches in favour of the Pope’s +supremacy<a id='r837'></a><a href='#f837' class='c012'><sup>[837]</sup></a>. Hugh Payne, the curate of Hadley in Suffolk, taught +that one paternoster said by a priest’s commandment was worth 1000 +said voluntarily. Archbishop Cranmer enjoined penance upon him, +but he continued to preach at Stoke Nayland in Suffolk, and Cranmer +reported to Cromwell on 28 January that he was a “wolfish Pharisee.”<a id='r838'></a><a href='#f838' class='c012'><sup>[838]</sup></a> +Payne was imprisoned in the Marshalsea, where he “was like to die of +sickness and the weight of his irons.”<a id='r839'></a><a href='#f839' class='c012'><sup>[839]</sup></a> Robert Canell was accused +of preaching a seditious sermon at Windsor on Advent Sunday +1 December 1536<a id='r840'></a><a href='#f840' class='c012'><sup>[840]</sup></a>, and John Woodward was committed to Stafford +gaol for the same offence at Christmas<a id='r841'></a><a href='#f841' class='c012'><sup>[841]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Early in January 1536–7 the rumours began to spread again. It +was said in London that the King had levied a tax on christenings in +the north<a id='r842'></a><a href='#f842' class='c012'><sup>[842]</sup></a>; another story told at Rochester was that the Earl of +Cumberland had refused to obey the King’s summons to court and +was holding a castle against him<a id='r843'></a><a href='#f843' class='c012'><sup>[843]</sup></a>, while in Buckingham it was said +that the churches would be pulled down and their jewels sold. A +barber’s boy of Aylesbury was examined about this tale; he said +he heard it from his dame, and she in her turn had heard it “at the +common bakehouse, where they were to set their bread.”<a id='r844'></a><a href='#f844' class='c012'><sup>[844]</sup></a> The same +rumour was discussed in the ale-houses of Shrewsbury early in +March<a id='r845'></a><a href='#f845' class='c012'><sup>[845]</sup></a>. It had probably spread from Wales, where there had never +been more rioting than there was that spring<a id='r846'></a><a href='#f846' class='c012'><sup>[846]</sup></a>. The Bishop of +St Asaph banished one priest from his diocese “for not rasing the +Bishop of Rome’s name and for other crimes.”<a id='r847'></a><a href='#f847' class='c012'><sup>[847]</sup></a> Another priest was +accused of repeating a rumour that the King would pull down parish +churches. He had also said “that if the men of Holy Church would +rise with one assent that they would not give a point for the King’s +Grace,” and other words against the King. Although he denied +the words the Council of Wales were satisfied of his guilt by the +evidence<a id='r848'></a><a href='#f848' class='c012'><sup>[848]</sup></a>. The Abbot of Wigmore was accused of having in his +service a suspected northern rebel<a id='r849'></a><a href='#f849' class='c012'><sup>[849]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There was very little heresy in Wales, “for their language does +not agree to the advancement thereof,” but on 15 January 1536–7 +<span class='pageno' id='Page_166'>166</span>the Bishop of Coventry sent up to London articles against a heretic +who had been preaching in the diocese of St David during November +1536. One effect of his doctrine was that the Prior of Woodhouse in +Cleobury Mortimer (Cleeland) “without authority despatched the goods +of his monastery and changed his vesture in this ruffling time.”<a id='r850'></a><a href='#f850' class='c012'><sup>[850]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The only article of the second appointment of Doncaster which +the King was inclined to observe was the promise that he would +summon a council of divines to show their learning on religious +questions. They were not, of course, permitted to discuss the royal +supremacy or the other most important points which the rebels wished +to lay before them, but they were entrusted with the revision of the +Ten Articles. By 18 February 1536–7 “most part of the bishops +have come [to London], but no one knows what is to be done.”<a id='r851'></a><a href='#f851' class='c012'><sup>[851]</sup></a> +The tendency of the assembly was on the whole reactionary. The +four sacraments which had been omitted from the Ten Articles were +“found again,”<a id='r852'></a><a href='#f852' class='c012'><sup>[852]</sup></a> and it was rumoured, incorrectly, that “Our Lady +is now found again, thanked be God, that was lost before.”<a id='r853'></a><a href='#f853' class='c012'><sup>[853]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Another sign of conservatism was the renewed prosecution of +heretics which occurred in the early part of 1537<a id='r854'></a><a href='#f854' class='c012'><sup>[854]</sup></a>. The northern +rebels had a saying, “If you call us traitors we will call you heretics.” +The reverse of this was literally true in the heresy cases, for the +accused always retorted that his accuser had used treasonable words +during the rebellion; all the preacher’s friends swore to the treason, +and all the accuser’s friends to the heresy, and the whole countryside +was filled with quarrelling and counter-accusations.</p> + +<p class='c011'>An instance of this occurred in the neighbourhood of Ipswich. +John Bale, formerly Prior of the White Friars there, gave up his +office on account of his changed opinions, and became vicar of +Thorndon. He was constantly in trouble for his preaching, and in +return accused his parishioners of sympathy with the Lincolnshire +rebels<a id='r855'></a><a href='#f855' class='c012'><sup>[855]</sup></a>. While he was accused of heresy, the Prior of Butley, who +was also Suffragan of Ipswich, was accused of treason, as he was +inconveniently reluctant to surrender his house<a id='r856'></a><a href='#f856' class='c012'><sup>[856]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Bishop Latimer’s diocese of Worcester was torn by dissensions, +some of the clergy supporting their bishop, others calling him a false +<span class='pageno' id='Page_167'>167</span>harlot and a “horesone” heretic<a id='r857'></a><a href='#f857' class='c012'><sup>[857]</sup></a>. John Kene parson of Christchurch, +Bristol, despised the new preachers and condemned their doctrines. +Most of his parishioners were offended because he “prayed not for +the King four Sundays together in his chief wars against the +rebellious and traitors,” but a few were on his side, and William +Glaskeryon said at the time of the rising, “We may bless the time +that we were born; they rise to strengthen our Faith.” Another +man, when he heard the rebels had fallen, hoped that they would rise +again, and said that he would join them himself. About Candlemas +seditious bills appeared on the steps of Christchurch, Bristol, and +during Lent the warden of the Grey Friars, who was of the old way +of thinking, and the Prior of the Friars Preachers, who was of the +new, preached one against the other<a id='r858'></a><a href='#f858' class='c012'><sup>[858]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The hopes of the reactionaries were dashed by a proclamation +issued by the King about the middle of Lent which permitted the +eating of white meats, milk, eggs, etc., during the fast<a id='r859'></a><a href='#f859' class='c012'><sup>[859]</sup></a>. This was +a new source of strife. A mariner of Brighton was accused of saying +that “he could not judge how the King should be Pope and have +power to license people to eat butter, cheese and milk in Lent”; but +the justices decided that the accusation was malicious and false<a id='r860'></a><a href='#f860' class='c012'><sup>[860]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The diocese of Salisbury was in much the same condition as that +of Worcester. Bishop Shaxton was a reformer, but his people were +conservative, and when the King’s dispensation was posted up in the +city of Salisbury it was immediately torn down. The Bishop’s +chaplain, John Madowell, urged the mayor to investigate the +matter, and was promptly thrown into prison<a id='r861'></a><a href='#f861' class='c012'><sup>[861]</sup></a>. He complained to +Cromwell both on his own behalf and on that of another man, who +had posted a bill against the seditious preaching of a certain friar +and had been imprisoned for it<a id='r862'></a><a href='#f862' class='c012'><sup>[862]</sup></a>. On Cromwell’s remonstrance the +prisoners were reluctantly set at liberty under surety, but the mayor +defended his conduct on the grounds that Madowell was a Scot and had +used himself uncharitably and slanderously against the corporation<a id='r863'></a><a href='#f863' class='c012'><sup>[863]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There was a similar breach in Kent between the Archbishop +and the lower clergy<a id='r864'></a><a href='#f864' class='c012'><sup>[864]</sup></a>. At the time of the insurrection “one Sir +Davy, a priest” quarrelled with a man called John Drewry in a +tavern. The priest said that the King was “a tyrant more cruel than +Nero; for Nero destroyed but a part of Rome but this tyrant +<span class='pageno' id='Page_168'>168</span>destroyeth his whole realm.” Drewry called him a traitor, whereupon +the priest drew his dagger and chased Drewry into the kitchen, “where +my host and hostess were, he grinding of malt and she dressing her +child by the fire.” Davy wounded Drewry and fled, thinking he had +killed him. The fugitive was protected by the commissary of Maidstone +and by the curate of Headcorn<a id='r865'></a><a href='#f865' class='c012'><sup>[865]</sup></a>. In April certain of the curate’s +parishioners brought charges against him, but the rest of the parish +were so much enraged that they said “there would be no peace till +five or six of these new fellows were killed,” and kept the accusers +in terror of their lives<a id='r866'></a><a href='#f866' class='c012'><sup>[866]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The complete failure of the insurrection was generally known in the +south by Easter. The executions in the north and in Lincolnshire, +the King’s Lenten proclamation, and the absence of any preparations +for a parliament, showed that there was no further hope. The result +of this was two-fold, for while the timid ceased to murmur against the +government, the bolder spirits dreamed of a last effort which might +snatch a victory when all seemed lost. There were certain districts +where the disaffection was so strong that definite ideas of resistance +were entertained. It often happened that these were the places where +there was also a good deal of heresy. Sedition and heresy in fact went +hand in hand, for where one party was strong, the other was provoked +into violence.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Particular efforts were made to force the acceptance of the King’s +reforms upon the two universities. Not much is known about the +attitude of Cambridge during this period, except that the vicar of +All Hallows, who was a chaplain of the Bishop of Ely, caused much +offence by the manner in which he ministered the Sacrament, and +the vicar of Caxton was accused of giving his parishioners ale instead +of wine at the mass on Easter day<a id='r867'></a><a href='#f867' class='c012'><sup>[867]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There is more information about Oxford, where several royal +preachers spoke against the primacy of Rome and in favour of +justification, without obtaining much acceptance<a id='r868'></a><a href='#f868' class='c012'><sup>[868]</sup></a>. A certain John +Parkyns laid information against the Abbots of Oseney and Eynsham +and against Serls, vicar of St Peter’s in the East, Oxford, but the man +seems to have been a lunatic, as even Cromwell admitted, for he +endorsed one of Parkyns’ letters “a fool of Oxford or thereabouts.”<a id='r869'></a><a href='#f869' class='c012'><sup>[869]</sup></a> +Although Parkyns’ tales cannot be credited, there are other signs +that there was disaffection both in the country and in the university. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_169'>169</span>The people of Thame insisted upon celebrating the day of St Thomas +à Becket [29 December 1536]. Thomas Strebilhill said to the +vicar, “Master Doctor, ye have kept a solemn feast this day, +where had ye such authority?” The vicar replied that the people +would have it so. Strebilhill persisted that within a mile and a half +there were men at work, whereupon another man said, that “he +wished their horses’ necks had been to-braste and their carts fired.” +Strebilhill remonstrated, “I think thou art one of the northern sect; +thou wouldst rule the King’s Highness and not be ruled.” In May +there was a rumour at Thame that the King would take away the +church jewels<a id='r870'></a><a href='#f870' class='c012'><sup>[870]</sup></a>. An Oxford scholar was heard to say on 19 January +1536–7 that “if the northern men should continue rebellious his +Grace would be in great danger of his life or avoid his realm before +the end of March.”<a id='r871'></a><a href='#f871' class='c012'><sup>[871]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>About the beginning of February the Abbot of Whalley sent a +letter to “his scholar at Oxford” and to the Abbot of Hailes, of whom +he said in his message: “I would be glad to see him once more ere +I departed out of this world, seeing I brought him up here of a child.” +The proctor of Blackburn sent a letter to the scholar by the same +messenger, William Rede, a baker of Oxford. On his journey Rede +spent the night at his usual halting-place, the house of Richard +Oldfelden, a schoolmaster at Knutsford<a id='r872'></a><a href='#f872' class='c012'><sup>[872]</sup></a>. In order to be a successful +schoolmaster it was necessary to be a conservative in religion; all +parents like to think that their children are being taught what they +themselves learnt when they were young. The failure of Gervase +Tyndale, the reformer, in the profession has already been recorded<a id='r873'></a><a href='#f873' class='c012'><sup>[873]</sup></a>. +Robert Richardin, another reformer and would-be schoolmaster, was +driven out of Lincolnshire by the insurrection<a id='r874'></a><a href='#f874' class='c012'><sup>[874]</sup></a>. Oldfelden, however, +was a conservative and must have prospered, as he had a son Philip +at Oriel College, Oxford, and was thinking of sending another son +there, if he could get him a place as a butler<a id='r875'></a><a href='#f875' class='c012'><sup>[875]</sup></a>. Oldfelden asked Rede +to carry a letter to Philip, and especially charged him not to show it +to any man, and to deliver it into Philip’s own hands<a id='r876'></a><a href='#f876' class='c012'><sup>[876]</sup></a>. In this letter, +among various items of family interest, Oldfelden told his son that he +would send him “a hundred verses and more made by Roger Vernon +in your brother John’s name, concerning the insurrection in the north. +Cave dicas resurrection [beware lest thou say resurrection].” Philip +might show these verses and others which his father was sending to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_170'>170</span>his master. At the end of the letter Oldfelden was seized with caution +and added that he would not send the verses, lest the poor man who +carried the letter should show them to anyone or be searched<a id='r877'></a><a href='#f877' class='c012'><sup>[877]</sup></a>. This +omission is a pity; it would have been interesting to see the verses, +which might have been preserved with the letter, and Oldfelden’s +danger could not have been increased, as they had been mentioned. +The schoolmaster’s fears were justified; Rede spent the next night +in the constable’s house at Wotton. He told the constable that he +was ill and would be glad to go back to Lancashire if he could find +anyone to deliver his Oxford letters. The constable took the letters, +opened and read them, and laid them before a magistrate at Kenilworth +Castle. He promptly imprisoned Rede who was examined on 10 +February 1536–7<a id='r878'></a><a href='#f878' class='c012'><sup>[878]</sup></a>. As he had been solemnly warned not to part +with the letters, he deserved his misfortune.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Thomas Reynton, another north country man at Oxford, corresponded +with his friends at Durham in no loyal terms. He told them +that the most part of the King’s levies were but boys, and that the +people of Oxfordshire were so weary of being summoned to musters +and then countermanded “that they say ere they rise again the King +shall as soon hang them up at their own doors.”<a id='r879'></a><a href='#f879' class='c012'><sup>[879]</sup></a> The King’s levies, +and particularly the pressing of horses, caused complaints in several +places<a id='r880'></a><a href='#f880' class='c012'><sup>[880]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At Oxford there was opposition to the new opinions, but in the +more remote parts of England there was an obstinate adherence to +the old customs. In September 1536 John Tregonwell reported to +Cromwell that the people of Cornwall were as quiet and true to the +King as any in the realm, and rejoiced greatly “that the King has +allowed the festum loci of every church to be kept holy, at Cromwell’s +intercession.”<a id='r881'></a><a href='#f881' class='c012'><sup>[881]</sup></a> Either a special indulgence had been granted to +Cornwall for a limited time, or Tregonwell had misunderstood +Cromwell’s injunctions, as not all the church holy days were +permitted. One of those which were prohibited was the day of +St Keverne [St Kevin’s day, 3 June], who was the patron saint +of a large and unruly parish in Cornwall, the first to rise in the +insurrection of 1497<a id='r882'></a><a href='#f882' class='c012'><sup>[882]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is probable that the discontent which the suppression of the +local feast caused was encouraged by a copy of the Pilgrims’ oath and +articles which some Cornish soldiers had obtained at King’s Lynn, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_171'>171</span>when Norfolk disbanded his troops<a id='r883'></a><a href='#f883' class='c012'><sup>[883]</sup></a>. Early in April 1537 two +fishermen of St Keverne’s, named Carpyssacke and Treglosacke, when +selling their fish at Hamell beside Southampton, met two men who +were evidently agents of the rebellious party. They asked the Cornish +men why they had not risen with the north, and the fishermen were +so much moved by their words that they “swore upon a book to help +them,” and began their preparations by buying 200 jerkins.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When the fishermen went home they directed a local painter +to make a banner for the parish of St Keverne, “in the which banner +they would have first the picture of Christ with his wounds abroad +and a banner in his hand, Our Lady on the one side holding her +breast in her hand, St John à Baptist on the other side, the King’s +Grace and the Queen kneeling, and all the commonalty kneeling, with +scripture above their heads, making their petition to the picture +of Christ that it would please the King’s Grace that they might have +their holidays.” Carpyssacke intended to display this banner on +Pardon Monday, and he expected that the people would follow it<a id='r884'></a><a href='#f884' class='c012'><sup>[884]</sup></a>. +In consequence prophecies of the King’s death and rumours of +musters arose in the neighbouring county of Devonshire<a id='r885'></a><a href='#f885' class='c012'><sup>[885]</sup></a>. The plot, +however, was a very ingenuous one, and was quickly discovered. The +painter was alarmed at so dangerous a commission, and reported the +matter to a local magistrate, who wrote on 22 April to Cromwell +for orders, with assurances that the whole county was quiet and well-disposed, +and that Carpyssacke was the only traitor; nevertheless he +begged that the King would permit the people to “hold the day +of the head saint of their church.”<a id='r886'></a><a href='#f886' class='c012'><sup>[886]</sup></a> He was commanded to arrest +the two fishermen and send them to London, but they had gone back +to Southampton and Treglosacke seems to have escaped altogether<a id='r887'></a><a href='#f887' class='c012'><sup>[887]</sup></a>. +Carpyssacke was eventually taken and imprisoned in Cornwall. +He was not sent up to London, and there must have been some +powerful influence at work in his favour, for the justices of assize +said that they had no authority to inquire for high treason and +refused to try him<a id='r888'></a><a href='#f888' class='c012'><sup>[888]</sup></a>; he is last heard of on 28 August 1537, still +uncondemned<a id='r889'></a><a href='#f889' class='c012'><sup>[889]</sup></a>. In July it was reported that the people of Exeter +were “half afraid of a privy insurrection of Cornishmen.”<a id='r890'></a><a href='#f890' class='c012'><sup>[890]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>These mutterings and plots are all connected with the religious +discontent, but the failure of the rebellion was also a severe +<span class='pageno' id='Page_172'>172</span>disappointment to the commons who had hoped for social reforms, +and the methods in which they vented their baffled feelings were +more dangerous than the feeble efforts of the religious.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In Somerset, although the suppression of the monastery of Clyffe<a id='r891'></a><a href='#f891' class='c012'><sup>[891]</sup></a> +caused much lamentation<a id='r892'></a><a href='#f892' class='c012'><sup>[892]</sup></a>, social grievances were uppermost. The +levying of the subsidy had been stopped in several counties during the +insurrection. In April 1537 it began again, and the commissioners +inquired “whether we shall stand to the old taxation or attempt +higher sums.”<a id='r893'></a><a href='#f893' class='c012'><sup>[893]</sup></a> As the King was badly in need of money after the +expenses of the insurrection, they were probably ordered to get as +much as they could, but the exaction which provoked the rising was +not the subsidy. The outbreak was caused by a “certain commission ... +to take up corn,” apparently an exercise of the hated royal right +of purveyance, due to the King’s poverty. The commons tried +to rise against the commissioners, but were repressed by “young +Mr Paulet and other great men.” Sixty rebels were imprisoned, +of whom fourteen were executed for treason, one being a woman. +The rest were pardoned<a id='r894'></a><a href='#f894' class='c012'><sup>[894]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is curious that there is no reference to this attempt among +the “Letters and Papers of Henry VIII” until 13 May, after the +prisoners had been executed at Taunton. There was a rumour in +the county that the King was displeased with Thomas Horner for +“his taking the men imprisoned at Nonye”<a id='r895'></a><a href='#f895' class='c012'><sup>[895]</sup></a> and causing them to be +executed at Taunton. It was said that Horner’s life had been saved +only by the intercession of Sir John St Low and that the King +said that “he had liever have given Sir John 1000 marks a year.”<a id='r896'></a><a href='#f896' class='c012'><sup>[896]</sup></a> +Sir John St Low wrote to Cromwell to request that the rumour +might be contradicted and its authors punished, as it was greatly +to Horner’s detriment<a id='r897'></a><a href='#f897' class='c012'><sup>[897]</sup></a>. It is unlikely that Henry took any active +measures to suppress the story, as he encouraged the popular view of +his character, upon which it was based, that he was a good-natured +but careless man, who left too much to his agents, but was shocked +and grieved when his attention was called to their severity.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is interesting to notice the previous history of Somerset. The +peasants of the shire had risen in the great revolt of 1381. In the +fifteenth century lollardy was widely diffused there. Without entering +into the vexed question as to how long lollardy survived as a creed<a id='r898'></a><a href='#f898' class='c012'><sup>[898]</sup></a>, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_173'>173</span>it may be remarked that the lollards of 1447 were nearer in point of +time to the men of 1537 than John Wesley is to our own time, +and it is possible that their influence may have lasted as his has +done.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is still more interesting to trace the history of revolt in Norfolk +and Suffolk. In 1381, under the vigorous rule of Bishop Spencer, +these counties were considered the most orthodox in England<a id='r899'></a><a href='#f899' class='c012'><sup>[899]</sup></a>. +Nevertheless the peasants’ revolt there in that year was exceedingly +violent and unusually well organised. Its objects were purely social, +and many parish priests and chaplains were with the insurgents, still +the monasteries were savagely attacked, not on religious grounds, but +because their tenants felt themselves oppressed<a id='r900'></a><a href='#f900' class='c012'><sup>[900]</sup></a>. The hatred of the +monks was so strong that it is surprising that their fall 150 years +later should have excited any regret, but the changed feeling of the +people is accounted for by the changed social conditions. The monasteries +were above everything conservative. In 1381, after the great +catastrophe of the Black Death, they insisted on exacting the old +dues, which had become oppressive, and in paying the old wages, +which were inadequate. The peasants in consequence wanted to +force their lords to move with the times. In Henry VIII’s reign, +on the contrary, it was the lords who were moving faster than the +peasants liked. The monasteries became popular because they still +practised the old hospitality, and to some extent cultivated the land +in the old way.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After the death of fighting Bishop Spencer, lollardy spread rapidly +through East Anglia; the large lollard communities there underwent +vigorous persecution in 1428<a id='r901'></a><a href='#f901' class='c012'><sup>[901]</sup></a>. Social discontent, more than religious +conservatism, caused the commons of this region to meditate a rising +in 1537, and the rebels of 1549 definitely professed themselves to be +protestants<a id='r902'></a><a href='#f902' class='c012'><sup>[902]</sup></a>. Yet the first suggestion of a revolt was connected with +the suppression of Buckenham Priory. As three men were riding +home from Stone Fair on 1 August 1536 [Lammas Day], one of them, +Hugh Wilkinson, said to the other two: “Let us go home, for now +are the visitors in putting down of our house. And if ye will do after +me, I have here an angel noble in my purse that never did me good, +and that shall ye have between you, if ye will come in the evening +and kill them in their beds, for I know the gates of every door, +so that I shall let you into every chamber. And when ye have done +ye may soon be out of the way for the wood is at hand. And when +<span class='pageno' id='Page_174'>174</span>they be in their beds ye shall be sure that they have no weapon +at hand to defend themselves withal. And if I had no more to lose +than one of you hath, it should be the first deed I should do.” But +the two others refused the rather inadequate bribe<a id='r903'></a><a href='#f903' class='c012'><sup>[903]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Later in the year 1536 there were disturbances in Norfolk which +were suppressed by the Duke of Norfolk<a id='r904'></a><a href='#f904' class='c012'><sup>[904]</sup></a>. When the Lincolnshire +rebellion broke out there was much anxiety lest it should spread to +Norfolk, and this was prevented only by prompt and severe measures<a id='r905'></a><a href='#f905' class='c012'><sup>[905]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In November copies of the Yorkshire oath and manifesto appeared +at King’s Lynn and Walsingham<a id='r906'></a><a href='#f906' class='c012'><sup>[906]</sup></a> and murmurs were heard of an +intended rising<a id='r907'></a><a href='#f907' class='c012'><sup>[907]</sup></a>. The great shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham was +naturally a centre for all the rumours of the country. One of the +priests, Henry Manser, was accused of having discussed the rebellion +with some Lincolnshire pilgrims to the shrine on 7 December 1536; +in the course of the conversation they had regretted that Norfolk and +Suffolk had not risen at the same time as Lincolnshire, for then the +rebels “would have gone through the kingdom.” The way in which +the conversation was revealed is rather suspicious. In June 1537 +the priest caused “a sore and a diseased” beggar to be turned out of +Our Lady’s Chapel and set in the stocks. The beggar in revenge +accused the priest of the treasonable conversation which he asserted +that he had overheard<a id='r908'></a><a href='#f908' class='c012'><sup>[908]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Information was laid on 15 February against John Hogon, +a fiddler, who went about Norfolk and the neighbouring counties +singing seditious songs<a id='r909'></a><a href='#f909' class='c012'><sup>[909]</sup></a>. During Lent Harry Jervyse of Fincham +said that he wished the Yorkshire men had prospered, for then “the +holydays that were put down should be restored again,” and after +Easter he rebuked some of his friends, saying that if they had been +ruled by him he would have cried “Fire!” at mass time at the house +of John Fincham, the principal gentleman; when he ran out they +might have taken him, and if he would not be ruled by them “they +would make a cart way betwixt his head and his shoulder.” Jervyse +also urged his friends to ring the bells in every town to raise the +commons<a id='r910'></a><a href='#f910' class='c012'><sup>[910]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The suppression of the monasteries and the levying of the subsidy +were suspended in Norfolk during the rebellion, but on 6 January +1536–7 the Duke of Norfolk recommended that the commissioners +<span class='pageno' id='Page_175'>175</span>should begin their work again<a id='r911'></a><a href='#f911' class='c012'><sup>[911]</sup></a>. One of the collectors went to +John Cokke, a worsted weaver of Norwich, for his payment during +Lent. Cokke was accused of saying, in reply to the collector’s demand: +“I cannot pay for I can sell no worsted, wherefore I see no remedy +without poor men do rise.” Cokke denied having said the words, +unless he was drunk at the time<a id='r912'></a><a href='#f912' class='c012'><sup>[912]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After Easter a plot for a rising began to be discussed at Walsingham +Priory. The chief mover was Ralph Rogerson, a singing man of +the Priory. Nicholas Myleham the sub-prior was also accused of taking +part in the conspiracy, but there was little evidence against him<a id='r913'></a><a href='#f913' class='c012'><sup>[913]</sup></a>. +About the middle of April Rogerson discussed the state of the nation +with his friend George Guisborough. Guisborough said that “he +thought it very evil done for the suppressing of so many religious +houses, where God was well served and many other good deeds of +charity done.” Rogerson agreed and said that the living of poor +men went away with the abbeys, for now the gentlemen had all the +farms and cattle of the country in their hands. They decided that +“some men must step to and resist them,” and they resolved that +they would raise a company by firing some beacon and go to the +King to complain. They appointed St Helen’s Day, 21 May, as the +date on which to proclaim their intentions; the mustering place was +to be Shepcotes Heath, and meanwhile they sounded their friends on +the subject<a id='r914'></a><a href='#f914' class='c012'><sup>[914]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is difficult to judge of their success, as Guisborough was +honourably reluctant to accuse others, and Rogerson’s confession has +not been preserved, but the conspirators held several meetings. On +one occasion they made use of the opportunity offered “at a game of +shooting of the flyte and standard” at Benham, where they held +a consultation<a id='r915'></a><a href='#f915' class='c012'><sup>[915]</sup></a>. Their fully developed plan was to assemble the +people in the night, fire the beacons on the coast, and cause the head +constables and under constables of the hundreds to summon the +musters. Then the rebels would kill and plunder all who resisted +them, seize Brandon Ferry and Brandon Bridge in order to cut off +communications with London, and march to help the northern men.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Unfortunately for themselves, they admitted into their secret +John Galant, a servant of Sir John Heydon. In spite of their +threats that they would kill anyone who betrayed them, this man +informed his master of the plot on 26 April. Sir John immediately +<span class='pageno' id='Page_176'>176</span>sent the news to London and arrested George Guisborough and his +son William, who was in the plot<a id='r916'></a><a href='#f916' class='c012'><sup>[916]</sup></a>. The rest of the conspirators were +taken on 30 April<a id='r917'></a><a href='#f917' class='c012'><sup>[917]</sup></a>, and orders were sent down on 8 May that the +offenders were to be executed without sparing<a id='r918'></a><a href='#f918' class='c012'><sup>[918]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The social discontent was strong in Suffolk, although it did not +culminate in an organised conspiracy. On May day there was a May +game at some place in Suffolk, “which play was of a king how he +should rule his realm, in which one played Husbandry and said many +things against gentlemen more than was in the book of the play.”<a id='r919'></a><a href='#f919' class='c012'><sup>[919]</sup></a> +After the games Husbandry prudently disappeared and could not be +found<a id='r920'></a><a href='#f920' class='c012'><sup>[920]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 11 May Richard Bushop of Bungay had a long conversation +with Robert Seyman in Tyndale Wood, Suffolk. Bushop asked, “What +tidings hear you? Have you any musters about you?” Seyman +replied no, and asked if there were any at Bungay. Bushop complained +that it was a hard world for poor men, and when Seyman agreed, he +went on: “Methinketh ye seem to be an honest man, such a one as +a man may trust to open his mind unto. We are used under such +fashion now a days as it hath not been seen, for if three or four of +us be communing together the constables will examine what communication +[we have] and stock us if we will not tell them: good +fellows would not be so used long if one would be true to another. +And as I have heard, now lately at Walsingham the people had risen +if one person had not been; and as I hear some of them now be in +Norwich Castle, and other be sent to London.... If two men have +communication together, a man may go back on his word as long +as no third man is there; three may keep counsel if two be away.”<a id='r921'></a><a href='#f921' class='c012'><sup>[921]</sup></a> +Bushop offered to show Seyman a prophecy “which one man had +watched in the night to copy.” In it the King was called a mole +who should be put down this year or never<a id='r922'></a><a href='#f922' class='c012'><sup>[922]</sup></a>; also “There should +land at Walborne Hope the proudest prince in all Christendom, and +so shall come to Mousehold Heath, and there should meet with two +other kings and shall fight and shall be put down, and the white lion +should obtain.” Bushop had been told that the Earl of Derby had +rebelled, and that the Duke of Norfolk was so beset in the north that +he could not escape<a id='r923'></a><a href='#f923' class='c012'><sup>[923]</sup></a>. The man must have been drunk to run on like +this to a stranger. He paid a heavy price for his folly. Seyman +<span class='pageno' id='Page_177'>177</span>informed against him, and Bushop was forced, probably by torture, to +confess his words, and was then executed. It seems that Seyman +shared his fate<a id='r924'></a><a href='#f924' class='c012'><sup>[924]</sup></a>. It is rather surprising that Cromwell was able to +find such a number of informers, considering that they were occasionally +imprisoned and hanged with the guilty person.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The disaffection in East Anglia was due to the subsidy, the bad +state of the cloth trade, the government espionage, and particularly +to the aggressions of the gentlemen. In spite of its connection with +Walsingham Priory the religious motive was not strong. The conspirators +objected to the suppression of the monasteries partly because +their almsgiving ceased, but chiefly because the confiscated lands +went to increase the wealth and influence of their chief enemies, +the country gentlemen. The prisoners at Norwich were heard to say +that “if any great man had two dishes on his table, they would have +had the one if they had gone forward with their business.”<a id='r925'></a><a href='#f925' class='c012'><sup>[925]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The evidence from Aylesham is still more clear. This town was +quite a centre of heresy, but it was also a centre of sedition. About +the beginning of May seven persons were accused of heretical speeches. +One case was very singular. Thomas Rooper “set up in the town of +Aylesham a cross of wood whereon was made the image of the Pope +with his three crowns, gilded, and a cardinal, which was gilded by +John Swan of Aylesham and Simon Cressy the carver and setter up +thereof.” It is difficult to deduce the religious belief of the designer +of this curious symbol. Two persons said that they knew a hundred +traitors in Aylesham, which is perhaps partly explained by the +conduct of four other men who “reported that there was an Act of +Parliament made that if their church lands were not sold before +May Day the King would have it; whereupon they sold it to defeat +the King thereof, and have converted the money coming of the sale +thereof to their own use.” They tried to get hold of the church +jewels also, but the churchwardens refused to give them up, saying +“if the King wished to have it he was most worthy.” Again the +thieves’ religious convictions cannot be deduced from their action; +the devout stole church property to prevent the sacrilege of its +falling into the King’s hands, the reformers did the same to prevent +idolatry<a id='r926'></a><a href='#f926' class='c012'><sup>[926]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There can be no doubt about the opinions of Elizabeth Wood of +Aylesham, who on 12 May said to John Dix, tailor, as she was leaning +upon his shop window, “It is pity that these Walsingham men were +<span class='pageno' id='Page_178'>178</span>discovered, for we shall have never good world till we fall together by +the ears:</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>And with clubs and clouted shoon</div> + <div class='line'>Shall the deed be done,</div> + <div class='line'>For we had never good world</div> + <div class='line'>Since this King reigned.</div> + <div class='line'>It is pity that he ’filed</div> + <div class='line'>Any clouts more than one.”<a id='r927'></a><a href='#f927' class='c012'><sup>[927]</sup></a></div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c011'>She was singing or saying an old rhyme which played its part in the +later Norfolk rising<a id='r928'></a><a href='#f928' class='c012'><sup>[928]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Twenty-five men were imprisoned at Norwich for the Walsingham +plot<a id='r929'></a><a href='#f929' class='c012'><sup>[929]</sup></a>. According to the report of some prisoners, Rogerson and +George Guisborough thought of accusing several others who had +known their plans, especially “a rich gentleman” who had promised +them six or seven score sheep, and had said they should not lack +sheep as long as he had any. They had even written out their +accusation, when William Guisborough, George’s son, remonstrated +with them, saying, “Father, there is no remedy but death with us, +and for us to put any more in danger, it were pity.” His gentleness +touched the others and they tore up the paper. Several of the +prisoners gave evidence that they had seen pieces of paper “as small +as pence or two pence” flying about; one had seen a fragment +“about the breadth of a groat ... stamped in the water by James +Biggis, his fellow that he was coupled unto.”<a id='r930'></a><a href='#f930' class='c012'><sup>[930]</sup></a> Five prisoners were +prepared to give the names of those whom they had heard Rogerson +mention as his fellow-conspirators, but others whom they named as +witnesses declared that they had never heard Rogerson speak in the +prison. They were in a different house from him, and saw the other +prisoners only occasionally from a distance in the chapel. All +the accused denied absolutely that they knew anything about the +plot<a id='r931'></a><a href='#f931' class='c012'><sup>[931]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The conspirators were tried on Friday 25 May 1537. Twelve +were condemned to execution, three to perpetual imprisonment, two +were remanded to prison without judgment, and the other eight were +pardoned. Rogerson and four others were executed at Norwich next +day. On the scaffold a most unusual incident occurred; Rogerson +attempted to address to the crowd a justification of his conduct. He +was cut short by the executioner<a id='r932'></a><a href='#f932' class='c012'><sup>[932]</sup></a>. This gives one reason why the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_179'>179</span>last words of the condemned at this period are nearly always said to +have been a confession of the crime, an acknowledgment of the +impartiality of their trial, and a humble apology. If the criminal +attempted to say anything inconvenient he was promptly silenced +for ever. Two more of the prisoners were executed at Yarmouth on +Monday 28 May, George Guisborough and Nicholas Mileham suffered +at Walsingham on 30 May, and William Guisborough and another +at Lynn on Friday 1 June. The twelfth man seems to have been +spared<a id='r933'></a><a href='#f933' class='c012'><sup>[933]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After the executions at Norwich two men of Houghton juxta +Harpley were discussing the news. One of them, Thomas Westwood, +had been sent to ask the other, Thomas Wright a carpenter, to come +and work for his master. Westwood remarked that the wife of one of +the traitors fell down in a swoon when her husband was executed, and +lay so for an hour, but her husband had as he deserved. Wright was +accused of answering, “They that did for the commonwealth were +hanged up.”<a id='r934'></a><a href='#f934' class='c012'><sup>[934]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The state of England cannot be considered healthy or happy when +such an unscrupulous watch was exercised over every careless word +and every expression of ordinary humanity, but it is a good sign that +this spying was deeply resented by the people themselves. The +monks of Lenton Abbey, Notts, talking together at Easter, said: +“It is a marvellous world, for the King will hang a man for a word +speaking nowadays,” to which another replied, “Yea, but the King of +Heaven will not do so, and He is King of all kings; but he that hangs +a man in this world for a word speaking, he shall be hanged in another +world his self.”<a id='r935'></a><a href='#f935' class='c012'><sup>[935]</sup></a> These sentiments were very natural, but they provoke +the reflection that it was the Church which had taught the King that +a man otherwise blameless might be put to death “for a word speaking” +or for holding heretical opinions. For centuries Church and +State had played into one another’s hands. So long as the clergy +felt certain that the heretics whom they condemned and “relaxed to +the secular arm” would be burnt, they were ready to teach that +obedience to the King was a duty second only to obedience to the +Church, and they blessed with their approval and imitation the barbarous +penalties for treason. Now that the age-long alliance was +broken, they were shocked and indignant to find themselves suffering +the fate that they had complacently inflicted on others.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_180'>180</span>NOTES TO CHAPTER XIX</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note A.</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>Pacem emit armorum precio</div> + <div class='line'>O quam letus dolor in tristi gaudio</div> + <div class='line'>Grex respirat pastore mortuo</div> + <div class='line'>Plangens plaudit mater in filio</div> + <div class='line'>Quia vivit victor sub gladio.</div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c011'>Then follow rubrics with the beginnings of versicles:—</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'><i>Versus</i>—Justus igitur ...</div> + <div class='line'><i>Collecta</i>—Deus per cujus ...</div> + <div class='line'><i>Capitulum</i>(?)—gloriosus pontifex ...</div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c011'>Note B. It is interesting to observe that Anne Askew, the protestant martyr +of 1545, was the daughter of Sir William Askew, one of the commissioners who +helped to check the Lincolnshire rebellion. She became the wife of Thomas +Kyme of Kelsey, whom she was forced to marry although he was devoted to the +old religion<a id='r936'></a><a href='#f936' class='c012'><sup>[936]</sup></a>. He must have belonged to the same family as Guy Kyme, which +would make his relations with his wife still more difficult.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note C. One of Sir John Bulmer’s papers, seized after his arrest, was a letter +from his sister-in-law Anne, the wife of Sir Ralph Bulmer<a id='r937'></a><a href='#f937' class='c012'><sup>[937]</sup></a>. The writer referred +to a message which she had sent to Sir John by his servant Blenkinsop. She +mentioned her “brothers” Richard Bowes and Harry Wycliff, but as she was one +of the two daughters and co-heirs of Roger Aske of Aske, she had no brothers by +blood<a id='r938'></a><a href='#f938' class='c012'><sup>[938]</sup></a>. Richard Bowes was her brother-in-law, the husband of her sister +Elizabeth. Harry Wycliff may have been her step-brother or even her foster-brother. +He was accused on 30 March 1537 of inciting the commons to rescue +Anthony Peacock, the Richmondshire rebel<a id='r939'></a><a href='#f939' class='c012'><sup>[939]</sup></a>. The letter from Anne Bulmer +is dated Easter day, but without the year. She says that she has received letters +from Sir John on Good Friday, and that she and her two “brothers” have +arranged that her husband Sir Ralph shall meet Sir John at Northallerton on +Easter Tuesday in order to arrange some business over which, apparently, Sir +John and Sir Ralph had quarrelled. The nature of the business is not stated.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This may be the treasonable letter that Blenkinsop brought, but it does not +bear any outward trace of treason. In fact, if its date was Easter 1537, it is rather +evidence for than against Sir John, as it indicates that, so far from plotting a +rising, he was busy with private affairs. But the government lawyers were quite +unscrupulous in their use of documents, as for instance in the case of the Abbot +of Sawley’s supplication. They may have forced a treasonable interpretation +upon the innocent letter, or it is possible that the business alluded to may not +have been as harmless as it appears. In the absence of a date it is impossible to +discover the true importance of the letter. It may have been written at some +other Easter years before.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note D. Froude made up his mind that the Marquis of Exeter must have +encouraged the Cornish rising, and in consequence of this preconceived opinion +he jumbled together several documents without any regard for their dates. First +<span class='pageno' id='Page_181'>181</span>he described the ordering of the banner by the Cornish fishermen, but assigned +the intended display of it to the year 1538. In a note he admitted that this date +was inconsistent with the fact that “the queen” was to be painted on the banner, +as Henry in 1538 was a widower, but Froude explained this by saying that the +banner was ordered in the summer of 1537, but the painter delayed his information +until 1538; in order to fit in with his theory the insurgents must have +ordered their banner a year before they meant to use it.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The passage continues, “At length particular information was given in, which +connected itself with the affair at St Keverne. It was stated distinctly that two +Cornish gentlemen named Kendall and Quyntrell had for some time past been +secretly employed in engaging men who were to be ready to rise at an hour’s +warning.” The implication is that the machinations of the two gentlemen were +discovered in 1538, in consequence of the exposure of the Cornish plot; yet the +evidence quoted in a foot-note sufficiently contradicts this, for it was a report +addressed to Cromwell that Kendall and Quyntrell had told many people that +“Henry Marquis of Exeter ... would be king, if the King’s Highness proceeded +to marry the Lady Anne Boleyn, or else it should cost a thousand men’s lives.” +This discrepancy passed unnoticed by Froude<a id='r940'></a><a href='#f940' class='c012'><sup>[940]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The conspiracy of Kendall and Quyntrell, in fact, took place and was discovered +in 1531, when Exeter was banished from court for some time on account of its +discovery<a id='r941'></a><a href='#f941' class='c012'><sup>[941]</sup></a>. It had nothing to do with the present agitation in Cornwall, and +there is not the smallest reason to connect the Marquis of Exeter with this later +movement.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note E. This was a favourite proverb of the King’s: “‘Well then,’ quoth +the King, ‘Let me alone, and keep this gear secret between yourself and me, and +let no man be privy thereof: for if I hear any more of it, then I know by whom +it came to knowledge. Three may,’ quoth he, ‘keep counsel, if two be away; +and if I thought that my cap knew my counsel I would cast it into the fire and +burn it.’”<a id='r942'></a><a href='#f942' class='c012'><sup>[942]</sup></a></p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_182'>182</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XX<br> <span class='c009'>THE END OF THE PILGRIMAGE</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>It is not likely that any tidings of the new attempts at insurrection +reached the prisoners in the Tower. They were cut off from the world +and forgotten; the conspirators who still maintained their cause did +not even plan a rescue.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The champions of the old faith lay at the mercy of the reformers, +but even this was not perhaps the most deadly feature of the prisoners’ +position. Their plight was rendered still worse by the fact that they +were the upholders of the common law, but they had fallen into the +hands of the civilians. There was a new influence at work in the law +courts, inimical to the ancient free customs of England:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“In 1535, the year in which More was done to death, the Year Books come to +an end: in other words, the great stream of law reports that has been flowing for +near two centuries and a half, ever since the days of Edward I, becomes discontinuous +and then runs dry. The exact significance of this ominous event has +never yet been duly explored, but ominous it surely is. Some words that once +fell from Edmund Burke occur to us: ‘To put an end to reports is to put an end +to the law of England.’”<a id='r943'></a><a href='#f943' class='c012'><sup>[943]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>One sign of this new influence was very significant, namely, the +interrogation of the prisoner before trial. This practice, which was +closely connected with the use of torture, was contrary to the usages +of English common law, but it was so freely employed in Henry +VIII’s reign that “in criminal causes that were of any political +importance an examination by two or three doctors of the civil law +threatened to become a normal part of our procedure.”<a id='r944'></a><a href='#f944' class='c012'><sup>[944]</sup></a> Every one +of the prisoners after the Pilgrimage of Grace was repeatedly interrogated +and their answers were used as the chief evidence against +themselves and each other.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk expected the last batch of prisoners from the north to +arrive in London on 21 April 1537. Sir John Bulmer and Margaret +<span class='pageno' id='Page_183'>183</span>were reunited in the Tower, never to be “departed” again, except for +a few hours<a id='r945'></a><a href='#f945' class='c012'><sup>[945]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King was not satisfied with such a small number of prospective +executions, and several of the gentlemen had narrow escapes. It was +characteristic of the royal gratitude that two of the three noblemen +who had served him most faithfully in the north were among those in +danger. The Earl of Cumberland paid no penalty for his loyalty, but +the Earl of Northumberland, who had refused the rebels’ oath at the +risk of his life, was threatened with a prosecution for treason. He +had made the King his heir, but he was “an unconscionable time +a-dying.” Henry wanted to settle the north, and entertained the +idea of sweeping away all the three Percy brothers at once. The +Earl was charged with the surrender of Wressell Castle to Aske, +although this event was undoubtedly covered by the pardon<a id='r946'></a><a href='#f946' class='c012'><sup>[946]</sup></a>. The +accusation was made about the end of April, and on 29 April the +unfortunate man wrote to declare his unswerving loyalty<a id='r947'></a><a href='#f947' class='c012'><sup>[947]</sup></a>. It was +probably not so much his innocence as the state of his health which +saved him from a traitor’s death. On 3 June he sent word that +although he had made the King his heir on condition that certain +articles of his devising were performed, he now withdrew all conditions +and submitted everything wholly to the King<a id='r948'></a><a href='#f948' class='c012'><sup>[948]</sup></a>. Perhaps the threat +of a prosecution had been made in order to secure this submission. +On 29 June 1537 the Earl died and the King at last entered upon +the inheritance that he had coveted so long<a id='r949'></a><a href='#f949' class='c012'><sup>[949]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Young Sir Ralph Evers, who had defended Scarborough Castle +against the rebels, must have appeared to be perfectly secure of the +King’s favour, yet he also fell under suspicion. He had been ordered +to seize the goods of the quondam prior of Guisborough and of +Dr John Pickering, and he was charged with embezzling some of the +money<a id='r950'></a><a href='#f950' class='c012'><sup>[950]</sup></a>. The charge was very likely true, but his gains cannot have +been great, and at a time when pickings were so plentiful his conduct +was hardly worthy of remark.</p> + +<p class='c011'>A more serious matter against him was his alleged letter to Sir +John Bulmer, which contained disrespectful comments on Norfolk +and Cromwell<a id='r951'></a><a href='#f951' class='c012'><sup>[951]</sup></a>. Norfolk examined him about it on 11 July and was +<span class='pageno' id='Page_184'>184</span>favourably impressed by his answers. The Duke advised that Evers +should be summoned to London, although he was in very bad health, +suffering apparently from a serious abscess in his ear. Norfolk did +not think he could live long, and suggested that the letter had +been forged against him by his enemy Sir Roger Cholmeley<a id='r952'></a><a href='#f952' class='c012'><sup>[952]</sup></a>. Evers +insisted that he had not written the treasonable passages, on the very +good grounds that he could neither read nor write more than his own +name<a id='r953'></a><a href='#f953' class='c012'><sup>[953]</sup></a>. Sir Ralph was at Windsor in July<a id='r954'></a><a href='#f954' class='c012'><sup>[954]</sup></a>, but returned safely to the +north in August<a id='r955'></a><a href='#f955' class='c012'><sup>[955]</sup></a>. His summons to London at such a time naturally +caused his family the greatest anxiety. His wife was reported to +have said, “There is twenty of the best in Yorkshire hath sent me +word that if my husband were in any danger, that they would rise +and fetch him out or else die therefore,” and also that if her husband +were in any danger above, it would turn to a worse business than the +death of any man that died in Yorkshire. Two servants who tried to +lay information against her were imprisoned by John Evers, Sir Ralph’s +brother, in the parsonage of Lythe, near Whitby. They contrived to +escape to Sir Ralph’s enemy Sir Roger Cholmeley, and laid their +accusations against Lady Evers<a id='r956'></a><a href='#f956' class='c012'><sup>[956]</sup></a> and her brother-in-law, but Norfolk +treated the matter lightly, perhaps because her words were true and +he dared not meddle with her<a id='r957'></a><a href='#f957' class='c012'><sup>[957]</sup></a>. Norfolk came to the conclusion that +the incriminating letter had been written by one of Evers’ servants, +but he was satisfied with the punishment of the servant, and overlooked +the offence of the master<a id='r958'></a><a href='#f958' class='c012'><sup>[958]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King’s auditors on 28 December 1536 accused Lord Conyers +of hindering them in their collection of the royal rents, “for some +said if he commanded [the tenants] they would pay, insomuch that +Mr Fulthorpe, constable of the Castle [of Middleham] urged him +to further the audit.”<a id='r959'></a><a href='#f959' class='c012'><sup>[959]</sup></a> This was duly noted, and as soon as the King +could act with safety Lord Conyers was sent for and put in ward. +By Norfolk’s advice, however, he was released instead of being brought +to trial. Lord Conyers returned home and incurred the King’s further +displeasure by breaking “his promise at his departure from Windsor,” +whatever that may have been<a id='r960'></a><a href='#f960' class='c012'><sup>[960]</sup></a>. Nevertheless he escaped further +trouble.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lord Latimer’s danger was even greater. He was vaguely implicated +in the Bulmer conspiracy, and it was known that he had +<span class='pageno' id='Page_185'>185</span>suggested at Pontefract that the clergy should be asked whether +it was ever lawful for subjects to rebel. He was also connected +with Sir Francis Bigod, whose baby son Ralph was pledged to Lord +Latimer’s daughter Margaret<a id='r961'></a><a href='#f961' class='c012'><sup>[961]</sup></a>. Latimer was summoned to London +at the same time as Sir John Bulmer, but he never obeyed the +summons<a id='r962'></a><a href='#f962' class='c012'><sup>[962]</sup></a>. At length, about the middle of June, Norfolk induced +him to go up to London as a suitor on his own affairs; the Duke was +not scrupulous in such matters, but perhaps it was as a salve to his +conscience that he wrote to Cromwell that he could find no evidence +against Latimer<a id='r963'></a><a href='#f963' class='c012'><sup>[963]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lord Latimer had been proposed as a member of the Council +of the North, but his name was struck off the list<a id='r964'></a><a href='#f964' class='c012'><sup>[964]</sup></a>. He arrived +in London about 29 June<a id='r965'></a><a href='#f965' class='c012'><sup>[965]</sup></a>, and his friends gave him up for lost. His +brother Thomas Nevill, hearing of his journey, exclaimed to his wife, +“Alas, Mary, my brother is cast away. By God’s Blood, if I had the +King here I would make him that he should never take man into the +Tower.” Hearing a poor woman lamenting that the parson of Aldham, +Essex, who had been arrested for treason, “should be put to death +upon a false wretch’s saying,” Nevill replied, “No, Margaret, he shall +not be put to death, for he hath no lands nor goods to lose; but if he +were either a knight or a lord that had lands or goods to lose, then he +should lose his life.”<a id='r966'></a><a href='#f966' class='c012'><sup>[966]</sup></a> Yet lands and goods might save a life as well +as destroy it. Lord Latimer escaped for the time by means of a +bribe to Cromwell in the form of his house within the Charterhouse +churchyard, the lease of which had cost Latimer 100 marks, besides +his expenses on many improvements<a id='r967'></a><a href='#f967' class='c012'><sup>[967]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lord Lumley came up to London with Lord Latimer, and saved +himself in the same way. The evidence which connected him with +the Bulmer conspiracy was fairly clear, but he sent a substantial +bribe to Cromwell, with the hint that, in consequence of his son’s +attainder, he could make whomsoever he pleased his heir<a id='r968'></a><a href='#f968' class='c012'><sup>[968]</sup></a>. By these +means he was enabled to die in his bed.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is not likely that Latimer and Lumley would have been able to +buy themselves off if the King had really determined upon their +death, but in the case of Lumley the royal vengeance was satisfied by +the execution of his son George Lumley, and after the trials of Darcy +and Hussey Henry must have realised that it would not be easy +to secure a conviction on the very slender evidence which was all that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_186'>186</span>could be produced against Latimer. Barons and lesser nobles were +the only men whose trials gave Henry any difficulty. The great +nobles, Buckingham, Exeter, Norfolk, made so many enemies, that it +was easy to accomplish their fall. Knights, country gentlemen, and +common people were at the King’s mercy. But barons must be tried +by their peers, who were collectively too powerful to be intimidated; +and these judges were led by a strong class spirit to sympathise with +their unfortunate fellow-peer who stood before them. Before this +Lord Dacre had been acquitted<a id='r969'></a><a href='#f969' class='c012'><sup>[969]</sup></a>; later the King found it impossible +to bring Lord Delaware to trial<a id='r970'></a><a href='#f970' class='c012'><sup>[970]</sup></a>, and even at the present crisis the +peers made an effort to save Lord Darcy. Lord Hussey excited less +sympathy, being comparatively an upstart.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy was committed to the Tower on 7 April 1537<a id='r971'></a><a href='#f971' class='c012'><sup>[971]</sup></a>, and on the +8th the King sent orders to Norfolk to seize his lands, papers, etc.<a id='r972'></a><a href='#f972' class='c012'><sup>[972]</sup></a> +There was some apprehension at court that his arrest might provoke +a fresh rising, but Norfolk had taken his precautions, and assured +Cromwell that there was no danger<a id='r973'></a><a href='#f973' class='c012'><sup>[973]</sup></a>, while he seized the goods in +accordance with his orders<a id='r974'></a><a href='#f974' class='c012'><sup>[974]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy was examined at the Lord Chancellor’s house about 16 +April<a id='r975'></a><a href='#f975' class='c012'><sup>[975]</sup></a>. He did not make a patient subject for cross-examination; +he knew that his doom was fixed and, like Macbeth, he turned upon +his enemies:</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>“They have tied me to a stake; I cannot fly,</div> + <div class='line'>But bear-like I must fight the course——.”</div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c011'>He greeted his examiners with the words: “I am here now at your +pleasure; ye may do your pleasure with me. I have read that men +that have been in cases like with their prince as ye be now have come +at the last to the same end that ye would now bring me unto. And +so may ye come to the same.”<a id='r976'></a><a href='#f976' class='c012'><sup>[976]</sup></a> He accused Surrey; he most probably +accused Norfolk<a id='r977'></a><a href='#f977' class='c012'><sup>[977]</sup></a>; he defied Cromwell with the famous challenge: +“Cromwell, it is thou that art the very original and chief causer of +all this rebellion and mischief, and art likewise causer of the apprehension +of us that be noble men and dost daily earnestly travail to +bring us to our end and to strike off our heads, and I trust that or +thou die, though thou wouldst procure all the noblemen’s heads within +<span class='pageno' id='Page_187'>187</span>the realm to be stricken off, yet shall there one head remain that +shall strike off thy head.”<a id='r978'></a><a href='#f978' class='c012'><sup>[978]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy was examined again in the Tower before his trial<a id='r979'></a><a href='#f979' class='c012'><sup>[979]</sup></a>, but the +fragments of his answers on the first occasion show plainly the reason +why the full record of them has not been preserved. It must have +been a very spirited document, but too many people were interested +in its destruction for it to survive, while there was no motive for +keeping it, as it incriminated none of the other Pilgrims. This is +proved by the summaries of the evidence against the different +prisoners, and the memoranda for the prosecution. In these the +names of the witnesses against each prisoner are given, with references +to the examinations and depositions containing the evidence. Not +a single person was accused by Darcy; not a single charge was +strengthened by his evidence. He made good his vaunt that “Old +Tom has not one traitor’s tooth in his head.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>All Darcy’s papers were seized and sent to London; they were +very numerous, for he kept copies of almost every letter that he ever +received or wrote<a id='r980'></a><a href='#f980' class='c012'><sup>[980]</sup></a>. His method of writing was to make a rough copy +of the letter himself in his large, bold, uncouth handwriting with +individualistic spelling; this was given to one of his secretaries who +made one fair copy, or perhaps several if the matter was important. +Out of this correspondence the Crown lawyers proceeded to pick +treason, and their notes show the kind of evidence which must have +been given at the trial as proof of the charges in the indictment<a id='r981'></a><a href='#f981' class='c012'><sup>[981]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This evidence falls into three classes, (1) the treasonable acts +which he was accused of committing since the King’s pardon; (2) those +which he committed during the rebellion; (3) those which he had +committed before the period covered by the pardon which extended +from 10 October to 10 December 1536<a id='r982'></a><a href='#f982' class='c012'><sup>[982]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(1) The principal evidence in the first category was that Darcy +in his letters about Bigod’s rising had repeatedly stated that Norfolk +was coming down to confirm the general pardon and to appoint the +time for the new parliament and convocation, that he came with but +a small company, and that the commons must remain quiet until he +arrived<a id='r983'></a><a href='#f983' class='c012'><sup>[983]</sup></a>. This was twisted into treason on the grounds that it implied, +if the terms were not confirmed, according to the rebels’ unreasonable +requests, “they will revive their traitors’ hearts; meanwhile they are +<span class='pageno' id='Page_188'>188</span>to stay but upon the Duke’s coming.” This charge is obviously +nonsense. Darcy believed the King’s solemn and repeated assurances +that he pardoned everybody, and that he would hold a free parliament. +Now that the King did not mean to keep his promises, it was +suggested that Darcy’s faith in the royal word was treason. Darcy +believed that Norfolk brought from the King conciliatory messages +which would satisfy the commons, and take away their wish to rebel +again. In this mistaken belief he pacified the country, and this was +also considered a proof of treason.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Another piece of evidence on which stress was laid was that +Levening, “one of the principal traitors with Bigod,” had asked +Darcy to speak to Norfolk on his behalf, and that Darcy had never +reported his application<a id='r984'></a><a href='#f984' class='c012'><sup>[984]</sup></a>. This shows the King’s superb command +over circumstances. Levening was not a traitor. He had been +tried and acquitted; legally he was an innocent man, and it could +not possibly be treason to help him to clear his character. But in +spite of the verdict of the jury the King had made up his mind that +Levening was a traitor, and as a traitor he was to appear in all other +trials.</p> + +<p class='c011'>More evidence against Darcy was gleaned from Parker’s letter +which described the state of Lancashire at Christmas time<a id='r985'></a><a href='#f985' class='c012'><sup>[985]</sup></a>. It +was a report of muttered discontent and threatening preparations. +Cromwell commented on it that Parker would not have written this +if it had not been Lord Darcy’s pleasure<a id='r986'></a><a href='#f986' class='c012'><sup>[986]</sup></a>, which shows the kind of +report that he expected from his own spies; but it appears from the +letter itself that Parker was far from sure that Darcy would be +pleased, for he said, “My lord, I beseech your lord[ship] be not +miscontent with me if [I show your] lordship what their communing +is in all this country.” Cromwell’s other objection, that Darcy never +reported Parker’s warning to the royal lieutenants, was absolutely +false. Darcy wrote to Shrewsbury about it on 7 January<a id='r987'></a><a href='#f987' class='c012'><sup>[987]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Further evidence related to Darcy’s alleged message to Aske +before the latter went up to London at Christmas. This has already +been discussed and disproved<a id='r988'></a><a href='#f988' class='c012'><sup>[988]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir John Bulmer’s statement that he sent Darcy warning not to +go to London was mentioned, but this point was not dwelt upon, as +even Cromwell must have realised that there was no proof that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_189'>189</span>Darcy had received the message, and he certainly had not acted +upon it<a id='r989'></a><a href='#f989' class='c012'><sup>[989]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy’s recent stewardship of Pontefract Castle was called in +question, and it was considered equally treasonable that he had +suggested the delay of its re-equipment for a few days<a id='r990'></a><a href='#f990' class='c012'><sup>[990]</sup></a>, and that, +when Sir George Darcy insisted on speed, he had applied to Aske for +the weapons which had been carried off by the rebels<a id='r991'></a><a href='#f991' class='c012'><sup>[991]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>One of the notes deals with an interesting point in the second +negotiations at Doncaster. It was alleged that Darcy wrote to +Suffolk and Shrewsbury to require that the appointment should +be observed in Lincolnshire, and that no prisoners should be executed. +As none is known to have been put to death until March this +probably was in fact part of the appointment<a id='r992'></a><a href='#f992' class='c012'><sup>[992]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The last accusation of this class was that Darcy, in a letter which +has not been preserved, invited Aske to meet Chaloner, Grice and +Sir Robert Constable at Templehurst, ending “I trust in our being +together shall stay many things, and all good men I find well-minded +thereunto, your faithful, Thomas Darcy.” Against this it was objected +that the meeting was suspicious, and that “by the words ‘your faithful’ +it appears there is great fidelity betwixt the Lord Darcy and +Robert Aske, being but a mean person.”<a id='r993'></a><a href='#f993' class='c012'><sup>[993]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>A puzzling note in the evidence states that Darcy, in Lent, sent +a copy of one of Norfolk’s letters to “the prior of Whalley now +attainted”; this showed that he favoured a traitor<a id='r994'></a><a href='#f994' class='c012'><sup>[994]</sup></a>. There is some +mistake here, for the prior of Whalley was not a traitor; it was the +abbot who was condemned for treason<a id='r995'></a><a href='#f995' class='c012'><sup>[995]</sup></a>. Talbot deposed that one +of Aske’s servants gave him a copy of a letter from Norfolk to Darcy, +which he delivered to the abbot of Whalley, but the witness did not +state when this happened<a id='r996'></a><a href='#f996' class='c012'><sup>[996]</sup></a>. It is by no means improbable that Cromwell +simply invented the date, “in Lent,” and that the letter referred to +was really the one found in the vicar of Blackburn’s house, which +had been sent out in November with the summons to the council at +Pontefract<a id='r997'></a><a href='#f997' class='c012'><sup>[997]</sup></a>. Aske’s letter about the same council is also mis-endorsed +“since the appointment.”<a id='r998'></a><a href='#f998' class='c012'><sup>[998]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_190'>190</span>(2) The second class of evidence against Darcy ought not to have +been brought into the case, as the events were covered by his pardon. +It was no longer a matter of importance whether the surrender of +Pontefract Castle was collusive<a id='r999'></a><a href='#f999' class='c012'><sup>[999]</sup></a>, whether Darcy took the rebels’ +oath<a id='r1000'></a><a href='#f1000' class='c012'><sup>[1000]</sup></a>, what he said to Somerset Herald<a id='r1001'></a><a href='#f1001' class='c012'><sup>[1001]</sup></a>, or whether he proposed +to send a message to Flanders<a id='r1002'></a><a href='#f1002' class='c012'><sup>[1002]</sup></a>. All this should have been obliterated +by his pardon of 18 January 1536–7<a id='r1003'></a><a href='#f1003' class='c012'><sup>[1003]</sup></a>. Nevertheless minute inquiries +were made on all these points in order to blacken the case against him.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Owing to his high office and influential position there were +naturally a great many papers relating to different periods of the +rising in Darcy’s possession. Some had been sent to him before +the siege of Pontefract by the King’s lieutenants, while he was +still acting for the King<a id='r1004'></a><a href='#f1004' class='c012'><sup>[1004]</sup></a>; others had been intercepted during the +rebellion or had been sent to him by the rebels<a id='r1005'></a><a href='#f1005' class='c012'><sup>[1005]</sup></a>; while others +again were later than the pardon, when he was once more acting for +the King<a id='r1006'></a><a href='#f1006' class='c012'><sup>[1006]</sup></a>. The possession of these letters was the necessary consequence +of the position which Darcy had filled for many years, yet +it was considered highly suspicious, and was magnified into treason.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Other accusations which fall under this head had more point. +By investigating the problem of the Pilgrims’ badges it might have +been possible to prove that Darcy had foreknowledge of the insurrection, +although as a matter of fact nothing incriminating was discovered<a id='r1007'></a><a href='#f1007' class='c012'><sup>[1007]</sup></a>. +The government was naturally anxious to learn who were +the Pilgrims’ southern friends, as although Darcy’s share of the +correspondence was covered by the pardon, the other parties’ share +was not; but Darcy accused no one<a id='r1008'></a><a href='#f1008' class='c012'><sup>[1008]</sup></a>. On this subject a story was +sent to Cromwell that a certain beggar “said he had a letter from +Lord Darcy to my lord of Exeter in his cape.” The cape was cut to +pieces, and the remains of a letter, also cut up, were discovered. The +finder, Sir Walter Stonor, sent the fragments to Cromwell, but he did +not put much faith in the tale, as both the beggar and his accuser +were “very simple men.”<a id='r1009'></a><a href='#f1009' class='c012'><sup>[1009]</sup></a> In an age of such universal suspicion +there was an immense temptation to half-witted people to acquire +<span class='pageno' id='Page_191'>191</span>a dangerous importance by making accusations and professing to +know secrets. Instances of this tendency have been given already, +and this must have been another case, for although Cromwell was +eager to implicate southern noblemen in the rebellion, nothing more +is heard of the story.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(3) Finally comes evidence that Darcy had committed treason +before the beginning of the insurrection. Here the prosecution was +really on firmer ground. They suspected as much, but they had +even less real proof than in other parts of the case. At this point a +curious problem arises. There was no substantial evidence that Darcy +had committed treason since the pardon; but from Chapuys’ correspondence +we know now that he had been guilty of treason two +years before. The government suspected the earlier plot, but had +never been able to prove it. Can it be said that justice was done +when Darcy was executed?</p> + +<p class='c011'>So many innocent persons were put to death in Henry’s reign +that historians are apt to dwell with relief on any defects in the +character of the condemned, no matter how irrelevant they may be +to the charge on which he suffered. Darcy was tried and executed +for a crime which he had not committed, but he had committed a +crime for which, if his guilt could have been proved, he would have +been executed. Unless the principle is adopted that the wickedness +of some people is such that it is right to shoot them at sight, this +is not a satisfactory way of administering justice. Even a criminal +is entitled to a fair trial, and to acquittal when he is not guilty of +the particular crime with which he is charged.</p> + +<p class='c011'>To return to the evidence against Darcy,—nothing could be +proved, but a few rash speeches were brought up against him, which +did not amount to treason. He had said that he would be no heretic<a id='r1010'></a><a href='#f1010' class='c012'><sup>[1010]</sup></a>, +and that it was better to rule than to be ruled, but the utmost +severity was needed to construe this into a plot against the King’s +title or life<a id='r1011'></a><a href='#f1011' class='c012'><sup>[1011]</sup></a>. A witness was found in the person of a chantry priest, +who deposed that he had been told that Darcy said, on hearing of +the rebellion in Lincolnshire, “Ah, are they up in Lincolnshire? If +they had done this three years ago it had been a much better world +than it is now.” The same deponent had also been told of another +speech of Darcy’s, apparently after the pardon, “By God’s blessed +mother, if the commons should happen to rise again, where there +were then two shaven crowns that did take their parts, there will +<span class='pageno' id='Page_192'>192</span>now be four.”<a id='r1012'></a><a href='#f1012' class='c012'><sup>[1012]</sup></a> These speeches are reported on no authority but +that of hearsay, and were repeated eight and four months after they +were alleged to have been uttered. They would not be admitted as +evidence in any law-court now, but no such nice scruples were entertained +in Henry VIII’s reign.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There may have been an attempt to accuse Darcy of plotting to +murder Wolsey. The following notes are in the “articles against +Lord Darcy”:—“First, the destruction of the Cardinal in the +Chancery”; “For the gunpowder to burn my Lord Cardinal.”<a id='r1013'></a><a href='#f1013' class='c012'><sup>[1013]</sup></a> +Apparently the charge broke down. Norfolk tried to support it by +sending Darcy’s “book” against Wolsey. Darcy had taken the chief +part in the Cardinal’s prosecution and this “book” probably contained +the charges brought against the latter with the consent of the King. +Norfolk, however, said it showed that “the said lord has been long +dissatisfied with the King’s affairs, and the King may by his great +wisdom pick out some matters long since imagined.”<a id='r1014'></a><a href='#f1014' class='c012'><sup>[1014]</sup></a> “The book +that the Lord Darcy made against the Cardinal” was entered among +the evidence against Darcy<a id='r1015'></a><a href='#f1015' class='c012'><sup>[1015]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Other pieces of evidence were picked out of Darcy’s old papers,—an +indenture with a servant of quite an ordinary type<a id='r1016'></a><a href='#f1016' class='c012'><sup>[1016]</sup></a>, an order +dated June 1536 for a statute book, which Cromwell thought “might +be conspiracy before the insurrection.”<a id='r1017'></a><a href='#f1017' class='c012'><sup>[1017]</sup></a> But these points, and perhaps +some of the others, must probably have appeared even to the King’s +lawyers too slight to be brought up at the trial.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is difficult to know what to say about such pieces of evidence +as these, so trivial, so disingenuous, and yet treated as of sufficient +weight to cost a man his life. When the morality of another age is +strikingly unlike our own, we are apt to excuse it on the grounds +that it was the custom of the time, and that people knew no better. +But this will not serve to excuse the treason trials of Henry VIII. +People did know better. All intelligent and honourable men knew +that the King was not doing justice. There is abundant proof in +the preceding pages of this book that no class of society believed +it to be just or right or necessary for the common safety to put men +to death “for a word speaking,” particularly when the evidence +that the word had been spoken was only hearsay or was supplied +by those who had an interest in the death of the accused. The +treason laws, and trials such as those of More, Fisher and the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_193'>193</span>Carthusian monks, in the previous year, excited so much horror as +to provoke the rebellion. The rising was at first successful; it was +overcome not by force, nor by the rally of any considerable party +round the throne, but by treachery. The King in the moment of +victory was able to do as he pleased, for the defeated opposition was +bewildered, terrified and helpless. But laws and legal proceedings of +the kind which in part caused the revolt cannot reasonably be called +a bulwark of national safety, nor is it altogether just to say that they +were willingly accepted and supported by the nation.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 15 May 1537 Lord Darcy was brought to trial in Westminster +Hall on the indictment which had been found at York. The Marquis +of Exeter was appointed Lord High Steward for the trial, and the +panel of peers was composed of the Marquis of Dorset, the Earls +of Oxford, Shrewsbury, Essex, Cumberland, Wiltshire and Sussex, +Viscount Beauchamp, and Lords Delaware, Cobham, Maltravers, +Powes, Morley, Clinton, Dacre of the South, Mountjoy, Windsor, +Bray, Mordaunt, Borough and Cromwell<a id='r1018'></a><a href='#f1018' class='c012'><sup>[1018]</sup></a>. It will be observed that +Cromwell, who took the chief part in drawing up the indictment, +was also one of the judges.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy pleaded not guilty, and his peers were by no means willing +to convict him according to a friend of Delaware, who said that +Delaware, on coming from the trial, had told him he trusted Darcy +would lose neither life nor goods, as Cromwell had promised to do +his best for him<a id='r1019'></a><a href='#f1019' class='c012'><sup>[1019]</sup></a>. Darcy could have told them the folly of listening +to such a promise,—“he that will lay his head on the block may +have it soon stricken off,”<a id='r1020'></a><a href='#f1020' class='c012'><sup>[1020]</sup></a> but the tale served its purpose. The +lords found him guilty, and if Cromwell intervened his petition was +useless. The trial was on Tuesday, and it was at first intended that the +execution should take place on Saturday. Darcy faced the prospect +with great firmness; “Lord Darcy is a very bold man,” wrote Husee<a id='r1021'></a><a href='#f1021' class='c012'><sup>[1021]</sup></a>. +On Friday Darcy sent for his confessor to be with him early next +morning; he asked for either Doctor Aglabe of the Black Friars nigh +Ludgate, or “the Doctor of Our Lady Friars in Fleet Street, a big, +gross, old man.”<a id='r1022'></a><a href='#f1022' class='c012'><sup>[1022]</sup></a> His death, however, was postponed. The King +could not make up his mind whether it would have a better effect to +execute Darcy in London or in his own country, and until this point +was settled he remained in the Tower.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 3 June Norfolk sent up to London Thomas Strangways, Darcy’s +<span class='pageno' id='Page_194'>194</span>steward, who had just been arrested at Beverley<a id='r1023'></a><a href='#f1023' class='c012'><sup>[1023]</sup></a>. He had in his +possession letters to Darcy from Norfolk, Bowes and Ellerker, and +the King’s letter to Bowes and Ellerker<a id='r1024'></a><a href='#f1024' class='c012'><sup>[1024]</sup></a>. Norfolk said that the +discovery of these letters showed that the Pilgrims had had spies +in the royal camp, but it is not clear why he thought this, for all +these were public documents which would naturally be circulated in +the north. Strangways was “sore crazed” and could travel only very +slowly<a id='r1025'></a><a href='#f1025' class='c012'><sup>[1025]</sup></a>. When he reached London it was supposed that he would +“open many matters,”<a id='r1026'></a><a href='#f1026' class='c012'><sup>[1026]</sup></a> but “like master, like man.” Strangways +showed all Darcy’s resolution, and made the King very angry by +“labouring to excuse wholly Lord Darcy and Constable and that with +such advancement of the fame of the country towards them as though +our subjects there do much repine at their punishments, saying also +plainly that they be more meet to rule there than you [Norfolk] be +and much better beloved than you be, amongst the people of those +parties.” These words give an impressive picture of the faithful old +servant, sick and helpless, yet daring to speak out before the terrible +King.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The effect of Strangways’ words was to make Henry almost +determined to send down all the prisoners for execution in the north. +He wrote to Norfolk:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Considering that this matter of the insurrection hath been attempted there, +and thinking that as well for the example as to see who would groan at their execution, +it should be meet to have them executed at Doncaster and thereabouts; +minding, upon their sufferance, to knit up this tragedy, we think it should not +be amiss that we should send the said Darcy, Constable and Aske down for that +purpose; requiring you, with diligence, to advertise us of your opinion in that +behalf.”<a id='r1027'></a><a href='#f1027' class='c012'><sup>[1027]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk’s reply has not been preserved, but he dared not risk the +effect of Darcy’s execution in the north; the idea was given up, and +the old lord’s life was prolonged again.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy never entertained any hope of mercy. In June he sent +a petition to the King, asking, not for pardon, but “that the straitness +of the judgment may be mitigated at the King’s pleasure.” He +had been condemned to the usual death for treason, but he was +allowed the privilege of his rank and was beheaded. He also +requested “to have confession and, at mass, to receive my Maker”; +and begged that his whole body might be buried by that of his +second wife Lady Nevill in the Friary at Greenwich. He sent in +<span class='pageno' id='Page_195'>195</span>a list of his debts, which were small, begging that they might be paid; +“the premises served is great merit in, and to me a singular comfort, +and to his Grace a small matter.” He added that he forgave the +King a debt of £4400 which the Treasury owed him, and therefore +trusted that his Grace “will the rather command the within-written +debts to be paid.”<a id='r1028'></a><a href='#f1028' class='c012'><sup>[1028]</sup></a> On June 30 1537 Lord Darcy was beheaded on +Tower Hill<a id='r1029'></a><a href='#f1029' class='c012'><sup>[1029]</sup></a>. His last wishes were not observed, for his head was +exposed on London Bridge, and his body was buried “at the Crossed +Friars beside the Tower of London.”<a id='r1030'></a><a href='#f1030' class='c012'><sup>[1030]</sup></a> On 22 July Darcy was posthumously +degraded from his rank as Knight of the Garter, and his +vacant stall was bestowed upon Cromwell<a id='r1031'></a><a href='#f1031' class='c012'><sup>[1031]</sup></a>. The overthrow of the +old by the new could not be more emphatically marked.</p> + +<p class='c011'>During Darcy’s imprisonment his sons were in the north, +scrambling for a share in the monastic lands. But there is perhaps +a touch of natural feeling in a letter dated 3 May to the King from +Sir Arthur, Darcy’s younger and favourite son, in which he requested +that if his father was condemned, he might be allowed to change his +lands for others in the south, because he would never again “rejoice +to abide here.”<a id='r1032'></a><a href='#f1032' class='c012'><sup>[1032]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Lord Hussey’s wavering fortunes since the insurrection have +already been traced. He had been accused, but never brought to +trial; the accusation had been allowed to fall into abeyance, but he +had never been pardoned. His trial was in one sense fairer than +Darcy’s, but in another even less fair. Darcy had openly committed +treason, and borne arms against the King, but he had been pardoned. +Hussey had never received a pardon, and consequently he was liable +at any time to be brought to judgment for his behaviour during the +rising in Lincolnshire, but on the other hand he had never committed +any definitely treasonable act.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hussey was arrested at about the same time as Darcy, and was +imprisoned in the Tower<a id='r1033'></a><a href='#f1033' class='c012'><sup>[1033]</sup></a>. He was present at Darcy’s first examination<a id='r1034'></a><a href='#f1034' class='c012'><sup>[1034]</sup></a>. +His wife, who was living at Limehouse, was allowed to visit +him, and he repeated to her such of Darcy’s answers as are given +above. All her misfortunes had not taught Lady Hussey discretion. +She repeated the words to her servant Katharine Cresswell, the wife +of Percival Cresswell, and the story soon spread abroad<a id='r1035'></a><a href='#f1035' class='c012'><sup>[1035]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_196'>196</span>The evidence against Hussey was much less bulky than that +against Darcy, and it falls into two classes. The first was that +relating to his conduct during the Lincolnshire insurrection. This +has been fully discussed above<a id='r1036'></a><a href='#f1036' class='c012'><sup>[1036]</sup></a>. His acts all showed him to be +loyal; he sent out warnings, he tried to raise men, he kept his +district quiet, and when resistance was hopeless he fled to the royal +camp. Against the evidence of such conduct there was nothing to +oppose but spiteful gossip, conjectures and perversions of evidence. +It was said that though he received warning of the revolt on Monday, +he did nothing until Wednesday<a id='r1037'></a><a href='#f1037' class='c012'><sup>[1037]</sup></a>, a statement which was contradicted +by the Mayor of Lincoln’s evidence that Hussey ordered him to +prepare to resist the rebels on Tuesday<a id='r1038'></a><a href='#f1038' class='c012'><sup>[1038]</sup></a>. It was brought up against +Hussey that his servant Cutler, when in the power of the rebels, +had told them that his master was at their commandment<a id='r1039'></a><a href='#f1039' class='c012'><sup>[1039]</sup></a>, but as +the rebels had two days before killed Lord Borough’s servant because +his master opposed them, Cutler’s words were clearly an attempt to +save his own life, and no weight could attach to them. Finally +Hussey was said to have ordered his servants to hide his weapons, +but the witness admitted that this was probably to keep them out of +the rebels’ hands<a id='r1040'></a><a href='#f1040' class='c012'><sup>[1040]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In Hussey’s case, as in Darcy’s, there was a second set of accusations +which really had more foundation in fact. He had been in +communication with the Imperial ambassador in 1534, although he +had only sent him a single message of no importance<a id='r1041'></a><a href='#f1041' class='c012'><sup>[1041]</sup></a>. His prosecutors +laboured hard to prove his earlier offence. On his arrest he +had uttered some imprudent words about the supper party with +Darcy and Constable which had happened so long ago<a id='r1042'></a><a href='#f1042' class='c012'><sup>[1042]</sup></a>, but he gave +a perfectly clear and simple account of what had passed there<a id='r1043'></a><a href='#f1043' class='c012'><sup>[1043]</sup></a>. One +witness was found who deposed that Hussey had said two years +before that heresy would never be mended “without we fight,”<a id='r1044'></a><a href='#f1044' class='c012'><sup>[1044]</sup></a> but +even the crown lawyers could not consider this sufficient to condemn +him, and in the end he was indicted only for his share in the Lincolnshire +rising.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lord Hussey was tried with Darcy, pleaded not guilty, and was +condemned<a id='r1045'></a><a href='#f1045' class='c012'><sup>[1045]</sup></a>. No one seems to have made any effort to obtain the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_197'>197</span>King’s mercy on his behalf. If Norfolk had been in London he +might have done something. His connection with Hussey was not +very creditable to either, being based on the relationship which +Norfolk’s mistress bore to Hussey, but it was useful, as he had +interceded for Hussey before<a id='r1046'></a><a href='#f1046' class='c012'><sup>[1046]</sup></a>. Norfolk went so far as to say that +he was sorry for the sentence, though no doubt it was deserved<a id='r1047'></a><a href='#f1047' class='c012'><sup>[1047]</sup></a>; the +Duke suggested that Hussey might have sent the rebels information +during the insurrection<a id='r1048'></a><a href='#f1048' class='c012'><sup>[1048]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hussey sent a petition to the King praying that his debts might +be paid, and earnestly asserting his innocence, but he made no useless +appeal for mercy<a id='r1049'></a><a href='#f1049' class='c012'><sup>[1049]</sup></a>. He remained in the Tower until late in June, +when the King resolved that he should be executed at Lincoln<a id='r1050'></a><a href='#f1050' class='c012'><sup>[1050]</sup></a>. On +28 June he left the Tower on his last journey, in the custody of Sir +Thomas Wentworth<a id='r1051'></a><a href='#f1051' class='c012'><sup>[1051]</sup></a>. The King sent orders that he was to be +beheaded and that the Duke of Suffolk must supervise his death, +“which we desire may be done notably, with a declaration that of +our clemency we have pardoned all the rest of the judgment.”<a id='r1052'></a><a href='#f1052' class='c012'><sup>[1052]</sup></a> The +exact date of his death is not known, but it did not have altogether +the required effect of striking awe into the hearts of the people, as +it was followed by a riot in the city, about which unfortunately no +details are preserved<a id='r1053'></a><a href='#f1053' class='c012'><sup>[1053]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hussey’s fate was more sordidly tragic than Darcy’s. Darcy died +a martyr to the faith which he loved; he desired nothing better than +“so high perfection,” and to pity him would be an impertinence. +But Hussey was killed merely to satisfy the causeless suspicion of +the King and the malice of his enemies. There is even reason to +suppose that his religious views had undergone some modification +since he said he would be no heretic. No religious rites are mentioned +in his last petition to the King<a id='r1054'></a><a href='#f1054' class='c012'><sup>[1054]</sup></a>, and a friend had shortly +before promised to send him “a fair Bible.”<a id='r1055'></a><a href='#f1055' class='c012'><sup>[1055]</sup></a> The evidence is slender, +and the point is not of much importance; if we are right it serves to +emphasise the needless cruelty of his death.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The trial of the other Pilgrims followed immediately after that +of the two lords. On Wednesday 16 May 1537 at eight o’clock in +the morning<a id='r1056'></a><a href='#f1056' class='c012'><sup>[1056]</sup></a> Sir Francis Bigod, George Lumley, Sir John Bulmer, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_198'>198</span>Margaret Cheyne alias Lady Bulmer, Ralph Bulmer, Sir Thomas +Percy, Sir Stephen Hamerton, Sir Robert Constable and Robert +Aske were tried in Westminster Hall<a id='r1057'></a><a href='#f1057' class='c012'><sup>[1057]</sup></a> upon the indictment which +had been returned as a true bill at York and ran as follows:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“That [the prisoners] did, 10 October 28 Henry VIII [1536] as false traitors, +with other traitors, at Sherburn, Yorks., conspire to deprive the King of his title +of Supreme Head of the English Church, and to compel him to hold a certain +Parliament and convocation of the clergy of the realm, and did commit divers +insurrections etc. at Pontefract, divers days and times before the said 10 +October. And at Doncaster, 20 October 28 Henry VIII, traitorously assembled +to levy war, and so continued a long time. And although the King in his +great mercy pardoned the said [prisoners] their offences committed before 10 +December 28 Henry VIII; nevertheless they, persevering in their treasons, on +17 January 28 Henry VIII [1536–7] at Settrington, Templehurst, Flamborough, +Beverley and elsewhere, after the same pardon, again falsely conspired for the +above said purposes and to annul divers wholesome laws made for the common +weal, and to depose the King; and to that end sent divers letters and messengers +to each other, 18 January 28 Henry VIII, and at other days and times after the +said pardon. And that Sir Francis Bigod and George Lumley, 21 January 28 +Henry VIII, and divers days and times after the said pardon, at Settrington, +Beverley, and Scarborough, and elsewhere, with a great multitude in arms, did +make divers traitorous proclamations to call men to them to make war against +the King, and having thereby assembled 500 persons, did, 22 January 28 +Henry VIII, levy war against the King.</p> + +<p class='c013'>And thus the said jury say that Bigod and Lumley conspired to levy cruel +war against the King. And moreover the said jury say that the others above +named, 22 January 28 Henry VIII etc. falsely and traitorously abetted the said +Bigod and Lumley in their said treasons.”<a id='r1058'></a><a href='#f1058' class='c012'><sup>[1058]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The clumsy practice of including so many people accused of +different offences under one vague indictment makes it necessary +to disentangle each case in detail and in the order named above.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Grey Friars’ Chronicler records that “On 13 March 1536–7 +Sir Francis Bigod was brought out of the North to the Tower +through Smithfield and in at Newgate, riding so through Cheapside +and so to the Tower, and Sir Ralph Ellerker leading him by the +hand with that he was bound withal.”<a id='r1059'></a><a href='#f1059' class='c012'><sup>[1059]</sup></a> Bigod was in the Tower +for a little less than three months, but the government was scandalously +overcharged for his maintenance, as the Lieutenant put his +charges down for six months at 10<i>s.</i> a week<a id='r1060'></a><a href='#f1060' class='c012'><sup>[1060]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Before Sir Francis was sent up to London, he had been examined +<span class='pageno' id='Page_199'>199</span>repeatedly by Norfolk, who was rather annoyed that, though Bigod +did not disguise his own offence, he would not accuse anyone else +except Gregory Conyers<a id='r1061'></a><a href='#f1061' class='c012'><sup>[1061]</sup></a>. In his confession he was obliged to +mention the names of his brother Ralph and a friend Thomas Wentworth, +but he was careful to add, “and whereas I take testimony at +[<i>call to witness</i>] my brother and Mr Wentworth, I trust you will +bear them no displeasure, and if you send for them, do not say why, +else the country and they will fear I have accused them as councillors +in this naughty matter of Hallam’s and mine, of which [so] help me +the blessed Body of God which yesterday I received, an they are +any [<i>sic</i>] more guilty than the child unborn; so far as I know; and +my mother, having no more children but us twain, would be too full +of sorrow.” Bigod’s confession ended with a petition that, whatever his +own fate might be, Norfolk would help two preachers, Mr Jherom, who +had not his fellow for preaching, and one Cervington, “who in my +country dare not come because he is a true favourer of God’s word; +he is a proper gentleman and honest, and can do good service at a +table among other qualities.”<a id='r1062'></a><a href='#f1062' class='c012'><sup>[1062]</sup></a> So Sir Francis concluded, enigmatical +to the last. He was about to die for the old religion, and his last +written words are a commendation of the new. His former friend +Latimer overlooked his backsliding and protected his widow and +children<a id='r1063'></a><a href='#f1063' class='c012'><sup>[1063]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Bigod’s accomplice George Lumley had been in the Tower since +the beginning of February. He was examined there on 8 Feb. by +Cromwell and Drs Tregonwell, Layton and Legh<a id='r1064'></a><a href='#f1064' class='c012'><sup>[1064]</sup></a>. Nothing is known +about the details of his imprisonment.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Christopher Hailes, the Master of the Rolls, appeared against +Bigod and Lumley at their trial<a id='r1065'></a><a href='#f1065' class='c012'><sup>[1065]</sup></a>. They both pleaded not guilty, +and were both condemned<a id='r1066'></a><a href='#f1066' class='c012'><sup>[1066]</sup></a>. There can be no doubt as to the justice +of their sentence; their offences were apparent and openly confessed +by themselves. The simplicity of George Lumley’s conduct might +have pleaded for him in more favourable circumstances, but where +there was little hope of justice there was none at all of mercy. The +King had a particular reason for his death. It had seemingly been +decided that the government dared not attempt to arrest Lord +Lumley, but he could be made to suffer for his offences through +his son.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_200'>200</span>After his trial George Lumley wrote to his wife to beg her to +pay his debts, of which he enclosed a list. His letter continued:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Be good mother and natural to my three children to whom I give God’s +blessing and mine, desiring you further always to instruct my son to honour God +and be obedient to His laws, and next God to give his diligent attendance to do +his duty in loving, dreading and fearing his presence (? <i>prince</i>), observing his laws +and to be obedient to them, and so doing I trust I shall pray in Heaven for you.”<a id='r1067'></a><a href='#f1067' class='c012'><sup>[1067]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Bulmers were not long in the Tower, as Sir John and his +wife had been placed there on or after 21 April. Ralph Bulmer had +been committed to the Fleet, whence he wrote to Sir Oswald Wolsthrope +on 6 May that he doubted not but that the truth would justify +the declaration of his allegiance to his sovereign<a id='r1068'></a><a href='#f1068' class='c012'><sup>[1068]</sup></a>. Before the trial +he was sent to join his father in the Tower<a id='r1069'></a><a href='#f1069' class='c012'><sup>[1069]</sup></a>. Humphrey Browne +serjeant-at-law conducted the prosecution against Sir John and Lady +Bulmer, and John Baker the attorney-general against Ralph Bulmer<a id='r1070'></a><a href='#f1070' class='c012'><sup>[1070]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The case against Sir John was fairly clear, although the most +incriminating piece of evidence, his letter to his brother Sir William +Bulmer, was not discovered until nine months after his death, when +it came to light in consequence of a family quarrel. On 23 February +1537–8 Sir William visited his wife and had a violent dispute with +her over some of her title deeds. After he had left her, she imagined +that he might have taken possession of some valuable documents, +and proceeded with the help of a servant and a friar to go through +her husband’s papers. Among them she discovered Sir John’s letter, +and seeing that it was treasonable, she laid it before the Council of +the North, “as in duty bound,” said Bishop Tunstall<a id='r1071'></a><a href='#f1071' class='c012'><sup>[1071]</sup></a>. Sir William +was arrested and imprisoned in Pontefract Castle in consequence of +her information, and from his examination some particulars of Sir +John’s conduct appear, which were not known at his trial in 1537<a id='r1072'></a><a href='#f1072' class='c012'><sup>[1072]</sup></a>. +Nevertheless enough was proved by the evidence of his chaplain +William Staynhus, who seems to have saved his life by turning King’s +evidence against his master and mistress. He was corroborated to +some extent by Lord Lumley, John Watts, and Ralph Bulmer’s +confession<a id='r1073'></a><a href='#f1073' class='c012'><sup>[1073]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Just before the trial Norfolk sent up to London some papers +which he had seized at Sir John Bulmer’s house. He admitted that +these letters had been written before the pardon, but said that they +showed that “no man had a more cankered heart” than Sir John, for +<span class='pageno' id='Page_201'>201</span>“I think ye never read more lewd nor more malicious letters which I, +Babthorpe, Thirleby and Uvedale every of us have perused his part +for haste.”<a id='r1074'></a><a href='#f1074' class='c012'><sup>[1074]</sup></a> No letters which correspond with this description have +been preserved. They must have been written to Sir John, unless +he, like Darcy, kept copies of his own letters, of which there is no +proof. Most of the letters to Sir John which are still extant were +written after the pardon and are very loyal in tone<a id='r1075'></a><a href='#f1075' class='c012'><sup>[1075]</sup></a>. There is also +a collection of deeds relating to the Bulmer estates<a id='r1076'></a><a href='#f1076' class='c012'><sup>[1076]</sup></a>, and one family +letter<a id='r1077'></a><a href='#f1077' class='c012'><sup>[1077]</sup></a>. The only papers which could be turned against Sir John +Bulmer relate to the monastery of Guisborough; one was the order sent +by the Pilgrims’ council of York, which directed Sir John to maintain +the Prior of Guisborough in the enjoyment of his office, and the other +was an appeal sent by the Prior to Sir John for help in the management +of his unruly monks<a id='r1078'></a><a href='#f1078' class='c012'><sup>[1078]</sup></a>. As the Prior had been put in by Cromwell, +this appeal is evidence rather in favour of Sir John, but it was very +dangerous for any gentleman to meddle in the affairs of a monastery, +and an equally innocent document was sufficient to cost the lives of +Percy, Hamerton and Tempest. It may be, therefore, that these were +the lewd letters to which Norfolk referred.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir John Bulmer had not borne arms against the King since the +pardon, but he had become involved in a succession of plots, none +of them sufficiently well-contrived for success, but each enough to cost +him his life. His case shows the danger which the over-severity of +the law brought upon the government. Sir John had been drawn +into treason by accident. There is no proof that he desired Sir Francis +Bigod’s confidence, or that he wished to help him. His original crime +was a natural reluctance to hand his nephew over to the executioner. +Knowing that the government would refuse to take this into consideration, +he was driven by terror and despair from plot to plot, +whereas if he could have expected mercy, he would probably have +committed himself no further.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The charges against Margaret and Ralph Bulmer rested only on +the evidence of William Staynhus and Sir John himself, the two men +whom above all others they must have believed to be most trustworthy<a id='r1079'></a><a href='#f1079' class='c012'><sup>[1079]</sup></a>. +It is not just to blame Sir John too much for this. In his +written confession he neither admitted his own guilt nor accused +anyone else. He offered to find a hidden treasure for the King, which +was perhaps as good a defence as any<a id='r1080'></a><a href='#f1080' class='c012'><sup>[1080]</sup></a>. But a weak-willed, impetuous +<span class='pageno' id='Page_202'>202</span>man of his type must have been helpless under cross-examination. +He was brought to confess his own offences, and those of his family, +although against the will of his judges he persisted in calling +Margaret his wife to the last<a id='r1081'></a><a href='#f1081' class='c012'><sup>[1081]</sup></a>. Their union may have been irregular, +but it was founded on sincere affection. Margaret knew all his plans; +she hoped for success while success was possible, and when all had +failed she counselled him to fly and save both their lives. Sir William +Bulmer’s lawful wife dutifully betrayed him. Margaret was faithful to +the last. She seems to have given no evidence and made no confession.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Ralph Bulmer was accused both of foreknowledge of Bigod’s +rising and of sending treasonable messages from London. The only +witness against him who is named is his father<a id='r1082'></a><a href='#f1082' class='c012'><sup>[1082]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At the trial Sir John and Margaret pleaded not guilty, but +Ralph’s plea is not recorded. After the jury had retired, however, +they withdrew their plea and substituted guilty. In consequence of +this the jury was exonerated from giving a verdict and they were +both condemned, Sir John to the usual penalty for treason, Margaret +to be burnt. The jury was also exonerated from giving a verdict in +Ralph’s case, and he was re-committed to the Tower<a id='r1083'></a><a href='#f1083' class='c012'><sup>[1083]</sup></a>. His name +remains carved on the wall in the Beauchamp Tower. He was still +imprisoned there in the following year and it is not certain when, if +ever, he was released<a id='r1084'></a><a href='#f1084' class='c012'><sup>[1084]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Thomas Percy and his brother Sir Ingram had come up to +London immediately after Norfolk’s arrival in the north. As they +were perfectly well aware that the King was anxious to get rid of +them, the very fact of their coming shows a strong conviction of +innocence. There are two points in Sir Thomas’ behaviour since +the pardon which are suspicious, but it is a remarkable circumstance +that neither of these is mentioned in the notes for the proceedings +against him. The first was his interview with William Leache, the +Lincolnshire fugitive, as deposed by George Shuttleworth. The +second was the meeting at Rothbury in January, at which he was +alleged to have forced some gentlemen to take the Pilgrims’ oath. +As neither of these charges was brought forward, it must be concluded +that the evidence was insufficient to support them. There +was in fact nothing to show what passed between Sir Thomas and +Leache; it is not even certain that he knew who Leache was, as the +fugitive may have concealed his name. The evidence with regard +to the Rothbury meeting rests on an unsigned paper which was +<span class='pageno' id='Page_203'>203</span>probably drawn up by Sir Reynold Carnaby, the Percys’ mortal +enemy.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The charges which were brought against Sir Thomas might be +substantiated by evidence, but they were of a very trivial character +in themselves, as they rested merely upon letters which had been +sent to him, for which he could not justly be considered responsible. +The prosecution laid great stress on the Abbot of Sawley’s supplication, +yet it was not only harmless in itself, but Sir Thomas could +not possibly have prevented the Abbot from writing and sending it. +Sir Thomas’ reply was non-committal, and the only accusation which +could be founded upon it was that he had not arrested the messenger, +a step for which there was no apparent reason<a id='r1085'></a><a href='#f1085' class='c012'><sup>[1085]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The second incriminating document was Bigod’s letter, which +was forwarded to Sir Thomas by his mother. To this he had +returned no answer, and he declared that it was respect for his +mother which had prevented him from arresting the messenger, her +servant<a id='r1086'></a><a href='#f1086' class='c012'><sup>[1086]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The third alleged letter was a very mysterious one, connected +with the rising in Richmondshire. Ninian Staveley deposed that +the Abbot of Jervaux and the quondam Abbot of Fountains ordered +himself, Middleton, Lobley and Servant to send a message to Sir +Thomas Percy, bidding him come forward. They sent a servant +to Northumberland, after Twelfth Day [6 January 1536–7], and the +man told them on his return that Sir Thomas had written down +their names and had said that he would send for them when +he came to the country. Both the abbots denied that they had +sent any such message<a id='r1087'></a><a href='#f1087' class='c012'><sup>[1087]</sup></a>. Sir Thomas never referred to the matter +in his deposition, and the supposed messenger was never named or +produced. Staveley was quite untrustworthy, and it is probable that +the story was a mere invention.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Thomas was further charged with his disorderly behaviour in +Northumberland<a id='r1088'></a><a href='#f1088' class='c012'><sup>[1088]</sup></a>, and with George Lumley’s statement that he was +the “lock, key and ward of this matter.”<a id='r1089'></a><a href='#f1089' class='c012'><sup>[1089]</sup></a> There were some grounds +for the first of these two charges, although it rested on the testimony +of his enemy. As for the second, Lumley had been careful to explain +that he was describing Sir Thomas’ influence in Yorkshire, and did +not mean that he had any particular knowledge of the new insurrection.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_204'>204</span>Sir Stephen Hamerton came up to London as unsuspiciously as +Sir Thomas Percy. He was examined in the Tower on 25 April by +Tregonwell, Layton and Legh<a id='r1090'></a><a href='#f1090' class='c012'><sup>[1090]</sup></a>. The only points alleged against him +were the occurrence of his name in the Abbot of Sawley’s supplication +and his meeting with the Abbot’s messenger<a id='r1091'></a><a href='#f1091' class='c012'><sup>[1091]</sup></a>. Even the +prosecution admitted that in this there was no matter against him +except before the pardon<a id='r1092'></a><a href='#f1092' class='c012'><sup>[1092]</sup></a>, but as usual it was laid to his charge that +he had not arrested the messenger<a id='r1093'></a><a href='#f1093' class='c012'><sup>[1093]</sup></a>. A modern lawyer might as well +accuse a man of failing to arrest the postman who delivered a letter +containing a forged cheque. There was a general feeling in the +north that messengers ought to have something of the privilege of +heralds; their exemption from responsibility was both convenient +and just, as they were servants who were obliged to obey their +masters’ orders, and did not necessarily know the contents of the +letters that they carried. The government was doing its best to +destroy this privileged position.</p> + +<p class='c011'>John Hynde, King’s serjeant-at-law, who had been so successful +in Lincolnshire, conducted the prosecution of Sir Thomas Percy +and Sir Stephen Hamerton<a id='r1094'></a><a href='#f1094' class='c012'><sup>[1094]</sup></a>. Like the Bulmers they first pleaded +not guilty, and then withdrew the plea and substituted guilty<a id='r1095'></a><a href='#f1095' class='c012'><sup>[1095]</sup></a>. +There is something suspicious in this change. The King was always +anxious to obtain a confession of guilt from those whom he intended +to execute, and he did not care what means were employed to attain +his object. It is possible that the prisoners were induced to plead +guilty by the promise of a mitigated sentence.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Stephen Hamerton was probably a victim to his feud with the +Stanleys<a id='r1096'></a><a href='#f1096' class='c012'><sup>[1096]</sup></a>. No other reason can be found for his condemnation, as the +extant evidence against him is trifling and he had not distinguished +himself during the insurrection. The Earl of Derby had done Henry +good service; he probably interested himself in his cousin’s quarrel, +and if he asked for any favour from the King, such as the life of +a man, he was not likely to be refused. Sir Stephen’s son Henry +Hamerton died about two months after his father; it was said that +his death was caused by grief at his father’s execution<a id='r1097'></a><a href='#f1097' class='c012'><sup>[1097]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Robert Constable was arrested about the same time as Lord +Darcy<a id='r1098'></a><a href='#f1098' class='c012'><sup>[1098]</sup></a>. He was examined, but his answers have not been preserved<a id='r1099'></a><a href='#f1099' class='c012'><sup>[1099]</sup></a>. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_205'>205</span>The evidence against him was of the slightest description. He had +been present at the famous dinner party when Darcy, Hussey, and he +declared themselves no heretics<a id='r1100'></a><a href='#f1100' class='c012'><sup>[1100]</sup></a>, but there was and is nothing to +show that he knew of Darcy’s communications with Chapuys.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At the beginning of the Lincolnshire rising he “took Philips, +a captain of the commons of Lincolnshire, servant to Lord Hussey, +and brought him to the lords at Nottingham.” They sent Sir Robert +to pacify the East Riding, with orders to join Darcy at Pontefract +“if the commons were in great number.” He was in the Castle +when it was surrendered, but he could not be considered responsible +for the act of the commander<a id='r1101'></a><a href='#f1101' class='c012'><sup>[1101]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The principal evidence against him was based on the letters +which he had received from and sent to Bigod<a id='r1102'></a><a href='#f1102' class='c012'><sup>[1102]</sup></a>. In particular Bigod +had said that there was no man whom the commons trusted so much +as Constable<a id='r1103'></a><a href='#f1103' class='c012'><sup>[1103]</sup></a>. In his reply Sir Robert urged Bigod to give up his +purpose. The concluding words of his letter, in the original draft +which is in Aske’s handwriting, were “Thus in all your worshipful +affairs our Lord be your governor.”<a id='r1104'></a><a href='#f1104' class='c012'><sup>[1104]</sup></a> It is very much to be wished +that the history of this draft could be traced. Perhaps after writing +it Aske handed it over to a servant to be copied. This was Lord +Darcy’s method of letter-writing. The copy would be sent to Bigod, +and the original would remain in the possession of Sir Robert +Constable, at whose house it was written. The copy might fall into +the hands of the government when Bigod’s, and the draft when +Constable’s, papers were seized<a id='r1105'></a><a href='#f1105' class='c012'><sup>[1105]</sup></a>. But the copy, if it ever existed, +has not been preserved.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There is a reason for this theorising. At Constable’s trial a +certified copy of the letter was produced, but it does not tally with +the draft. The most important difference is in the conclusion, which, +in the certified copy, runs “Thus in your worshipful affair, our Lord +be your governor.”<a id='r1106'></a><a href='#f1106' class='c012'><sup>[1106]</sup></a> The prosecution, of course, insisted that Bigod’s +“worshipful affair” was the insurrection, and that Constable was +praying for its success. The phrase “all your worshipful affairs” has +much less significance. Unless the theory outlined above is accepted +as the history of the letter, the certified copy must have been deliberately +altered from the original draft to strengthen the case against +Sir Robert. On the other hand, if a copy of the original draft +was sent to Bigod, it may have contained whether by accident or +<span class='pageno' id='Page_206'>206</span>intention, the slight but important variation in the conclusion. Yet +if such a version were in the possession of the government there +seems no necessity for a certified copy.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Constable was accused, like Darcy, of saying that the King had +promised a general pardon and a free parliament. He had also told +the commons to stay only until the Duke of Norfolk came<a id='r1107'></a><a href='#f1107' class='c012'><sup>[1107]</sup></a>. To this +he replied that such were the King’s orders: “The King’s letters to +me were to stay the country till the Duke of Norfolk’s coming, and +so I did.”<a id='r1108'></a><a href='#f1108' class='c012'><sup>[1108]</sup></a> But it was useless to plead his own orders to Henry +when he did not choose to acknowledge them.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Constable’s letter which requested Rudston to liberate Bigod’s +messengers was brought forward, and also the mythical letter to the +mayor of Hull for the deliverance of Hallam<a id='r1109'></a><a href='#f1109' class='c012'><sup>[1109]</sup></a>. These letters have +been discussed above<a id='r1110'></a><a href='#f1110' class='c012'><sup>[1110]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Finally Constable was one of the leaders to whom Levening had +appealed, and in his case, as in the others, Levening’s acquittal was +overlooked<a id='r1111'></a><a href='#f1111' class='c012'><sup>[1111]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When the prisoners were brought out of the Tower for trial, a +mistake was made in the destination of Sir Robert Constable and +Lady Bulmer, who were sent first to the Guild Hall. The trial took +place in Westminster Hall, and the two mis-sent prisoners were +despatched thither<a id='r1112'></a><a href='#f1112' class='c012'><sup>[1112]</sup></a>. At the trial Sir Thomas Willoughby, serjeant-at-law, +appeared against both Constable and Aske<a id='r1113'></a><a href='#f1113' class='c012'><sup>[1113]</sup></a>. Sir Robert +pleaded not guilty and maintained the plea, whatever inducements +may have been used to make him withdraw it. The jury returned +a verdict of guilty<a id='r1114'></a><a href='#f1114' class='c012'><sup>[1114]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Marmaduke Constable the younger was honourably free from +the fear or coldness which kept the relations of the other prisoners +from exertions on their behalf. He was now in London doing what +he could for his father, who wrote to tell him how to use in his favour +all the influence at court which the Constable family possessed. +Sir Robert had hopes of obtaining the intercession of Lord Beauchamp, +the Earl of Rutland, and the Queen, to whom he was distantly related. +If all were in vain he charged his son to see that his debts +were paid<a id='r1115'></a><a href='#f1115' class='c012'><sup>[1115]</sup></a>. Sir Robert petitioned Cromwell, not for his life, but for +the payment of these debts. He had no money himself; it had all been +<span class='pageno' id='Page_207'>207</span>spent during his imprisonment, for prisoners had to maintain themselves +in the Tower, as the government allowance went into the +Lieutenant’s pocket. Four gentlemen had lately been Sir Robert’s +sureties for a payment to the King, and he particularly desired that +they should not be allowed to lose by their bond; “Alas, that these +poor gentlemen that were so lately bound for me and never had profit +by me should be undone!”<a id='r1116'></a><a href='#f1116' class='c012'><sup>[1116]</sup></a> The matter weighed upon his mind, and +before his death he sent in another list of his debts<a id='r1117'></a><a href='#f1117' class='c012'><sup>[1117]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Robert Aske went up to London on 24 March<a id='r1118'></a><a href='#f1118' class='c012'><sup>[1118]</sup></a>. He knew that +he was going into danger, and left a horse at Buntingford in order +that he might send back a message as to how he fared<a id='r1119'></a><a href='#f1119' class='c012'><sup>[1119]</sup></a>. It need +hardly be explained that this cannot have been with any idea of +a fresh rising, as all the other leaders came up to London at the same +time; it was simply a private means of communication with his friends. +On 7 April 1537 he was arrested and committed to the Tower<a id='r1120'></a><a href='#f1120' class='c012'><sup>[1120]</sup></a>. +He was repeatedly examined and both the interrogatories and the +replies have fortunately been preserved<a id='r1121'></a><a href='#f1121' class='c012'><sup>[1121]</sup></a>. It is easy to see why this +happened. Darcy’s and Constable’s examinations can have been only +of personal interest, but Aske’s were of real value to the government. +They describe the state of the north and the whole course of the +rebellion as seen by a very thoughtful and able man. In writing his +long, careful answers to the interrogatories Aske perhaps cherished +to the last a desperate hope that he might do some good to his +country. His cause had failed, his life was forfeit, but his words +might still be carried to the King’s ear and might have some +effect. His most elaborate replies were begun on 11 April, almost +immediately after his arrest and imprisonment, and were continued on +the 15th. His next set, undated, but written later, concluded with +a partly illegible petition to his examiners:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“I most humbly beseech you all to be so good unto me ... measures or by your +favor to my lord privey ... yt mr ... tenant myght discherg my comyns to myn +hostes as ... might know ... whether I might send for my rentes or fees or not +without any ... disples ... to any man for onles the kinges highnes and my lord +privey seall be mercifull and gracius unto me.... I am not able to lyf for non of +my frendes will not do nothing for me, and I have ned to have a payre of hous a +<span class='pageno' id='Page_208'>208</span>dublet of fusthean a shirt for I have but one shirt her and a pare of showes I +beseech you hertely that I may know your mynd herin and how I shalbe ordered +yt I may trust to the same for the luf of god.”<a id='r1122'></a><a href='#f1122' class='c012'><sup>[1122]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>No attention was paid to this pitiful appeal. On 11 May Aske +was examined for the last time by Dr Legh and John ap Rice. At +the end of his replies is another petition:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Good mr doctor I beseech you to send me mony and my stuf as a shirt +a paire of hous a dublite and a paire of shown for nether I have mony nor ger to +were as ye sawe yourself for the reverence of god send me the same or els I +know not how to do nor lyf and that mr pollerd be remembred for the same.”<a id='r1123'></a><a href='#f1123' class='c012'><sup>[1123]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske had now been more than a month in the Tower without +the common necessities of life. He remained there about two months +longer, and some sort of allowance must have been made to him, as +the King wanted him to be kept alive for the royal purposes.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There was one charge against Aske which, if it could have been +proved, would have warranted his condemnation, but it was not +discovered until after his execution and was never properly investigated. +On 2 August 1537 the Bishop of Rochester informed Cromwell +that he had arrested at Bromley a priest called Matthew Fisher, +who confessed that he had fled from the north at Whitsuntide. +This priest stated that on Midlent Sunday, 11 March 1536–7, the +captains of “his country” had received letters from Aske which +ordered them to rise again, and 400 men had mustered, he himself +being among them. The Bishop added that he believed there were +other fugitives in his diocese who had fled from the north when +Aske was arrested<a id='r1124'></a><a href='#f1124' class='c012'><sup>[1124]</sup></a>. There seems to be no foundation for this vague +story. The Bishop never mentioned the name of Fisher’s “country,” +but it is certain that in Midlent Aske was riding in Norfolk’s train +under close surveillance<a id='r1125'></a><a href='#f1125' class='c012'><sup>[1125]</sup></a>. The reports from the north on and after +11 March are full, and not a word is said of any stirring<a id='r1126'></a><a href='#f1126' class='c012'><sup>[1126]</sup></a>, while the +royal lieutenants were so anxiously watchful that it was impossible +for 400 men to muster without some report reaching one of them. +The Bishop, who may not have been very well informed about +northern affairs, probably misunderstood Fisher, who was perhaps +concerned in the Cumberland or the Richmond rising; or possibly +Fisher was one of the half-insane informers who appear from time +to time.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Apart from this, the evidence against Aske is the same which +has been repeated with wearisome regularity in the cases of Darcy +<span class='pageno' id='Page_209'>209</span>and Constable. There is a certain probability that Aske knew about +the intended rebellion before it broke out, but there was no proof of +this foreknowledge then and there is none now. Aske had taken a +small part in the Lincolnshire rebellion, but for that the King had +expressly pardoned him<a id='r1127'></a><a href='#f1127' class='c012'><sup>[1127]</sup></a>. It was objected against him that during +the insurrection he made himself the chief rebel and that at the +same time he had “a proud and traitorous heart,”<a id='r1128'></a><a href='#f1128' class='c012'><sup>[1128]</sup></a> but for this also +the King had pardoned him.</p> + +<p class='c011'>By Norfolk’s advice Aske was questioned as to what had become +of his money, “for he received no small sums in these countries of +abbots, priors and others during the insurrection.”<a id='r1129'></a><a href='#f1129' class='c012'><sup>[1129]</sup></a> It was highly +characteristic that Norfolk should imagine Aske to have been quietly +feathering his own nest by extortions from the religious houses +which he was nominally defending, but an insurrection is a costly +affair and Aske had spent all the money he could obtain as fast as +he received it on necessary expenses. He had made a declaration of +the spoils that he had shared in when he was at Court, and the King +was then “gracious to him therein.”<a id='r1130'></a><a href='#f1130' class='c012'><sup>[1130]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>As Aske’s replies are preserved, some of the evidence which was +brought against both himself and Darcy is discredited. He had +received no message from Darcy on going up to London for the first +time<a id='r1131'></a><a href='#f1131' class='c012'><sup>[1131]</sup></a>, and he had informed Norfolk of Levening’s petition<a id='r1132'></a><a href='#f1132' class='c012'><sup>[1132]</sup></a>. Like +Constable he was charged with an attempt to secure the liberation +of Hallam and of Bigod’s messengers<a id='r1133'></a><a href='#f1133' class='c012'><sup>[1133]</sup></a>, and with bidding the commons +stay only till the Duke of Norfolk’s coming<a id='r1134'></a><a href='#f1134' class='c012'><sup>[1134]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The chief point against him, as against the others, was that in +the middle of January he still expected that there would be a parliament, +convocation and a general pardon; thereby showing that if his +“unreasonable requests” were not granted, he would “revive his +traitor’s heart.”<a id='r1135'></a><a href='#f1135' class='c012'><sup>[1135]</sup></a> He had written to Darcy on 8 January 1536–7 +that the King had granted free election of knights and burgesses, +and free speech in convocation. He concluded, “Trusting your +Lordship shall perceive I have done my duty as well to the King’s +grace, under his favour, as also to my country, and have played my +part, and thereby I trust all England shall rejoice.” This was held +to prove that “he continues in his traitor’s heart and rejoices in his +treasons, and it is to be noted that he, by writing of the same letter, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_210'>210</span>committeth a new treason.”<a id='r1136'></a><a href='#f1136' class='c012'><sup>[1136]</sup></a> He also committed a new treason by +saying to the commons “your reasonable petitions shall be ordered +in parliament.”<a id='r1137'></a><a href='#f1137' class='c012'><sup>[1137]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Although it was plainly treason that Aske should believe the +King’s promise, it was also treason to write that “it was reported the +King would not be as good as he promised concerning the church +lands.”<a id='r1138'></a><a href='#f1138' class='c012'><sup>[1138]</sup></a> This lost letter of Aske’s has already been discussed<a id='r1139'></a><a href='#f1139' class='c012'><sup>[1139]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>These accusations were based chiefly on the papers which had +been seized at Aske’s lodgings in London when he was arrested<a id='r1140'></a><a href='#f1140' class='c012'><sup>[1140]</sup></a>. +He does not seem to have kept copies of the letters which he wrote, +except in the case of one manifesto<a id='r1141'></a><a href='#f1141' class='c012'><sup>[1141]</sup></a>. There are only thirteen letters +preserved which were written to him and of these seven are copies +which were in the possession of other people<a id='r1142'></a><a href='#f1142' class='c012'><sup>[1142]</sup></a>. The remaining six +must have been found in his rooms<a id='r1143'></a><a href='#f1143' class='c012'><sup>[1143]</sup></a>. The leader of a prolonged +insurrection must have had many more documents than this meagre +number. When he was interrogated about them his reply was, “To +his remembrance they [the papers] be in his chamber in his brother’s +house and in the chamber in Wressell Castle where he lay; albeit he +thinks there be few at Wressell, but they be all in his said chamber +or else in some other place in his brother’s house, where his servants +left them. Also he thinks there be some in a little coffer which +his niece keeps, which is plated with silver [?] ... there unlocked in +his brother’s house at Aughton.... Also there be bills of complaint +betwixt party and party during that time in a little trussing coffer +in his said niece’s chamber, albeit to his remembrance they be but of +small effect touching any article of the petitions or requirements, +and if he can remember there be any writings in any other place, he +shall always declare the same as it cometh to his remembrance.”<a id='r1144'></a><a href='#f1144' class='c012'><sup>[1144]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>With these ample directions Norfolk caused the papers at +Aughton to be seized, but a certain mystery envelopes their fate. +On the day of the trial, 17 May, Cromwell wrote to Norfolk for the +papers, which he had expected to receive long before. Norfolk’s +reply was curiously shuffling. He expressed deep regret that they +had not been sent earlier. He had devoted all one night to reading +them, with two helpers, and he had believed that they were sent up +to London long ago. The bearer of the letter would explain how +<span class='pageno' id='Page_211'>211</span>they had been forgotten. Amid all these apologies Norfolk never +said that he was now sending or that he would send the papers<a id='r1145'></a><a href='#f1145' class='c012'><sup>[1145]</sup></a>. +They have never been discovered, and it is probable that they never +left the north. A great many people there must have been interested +in their suppression, and Norfolk may have been bribed to destroy +them, or they may even have been stolen. In any case they certainly +were not produced at the trial.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske, like Constable, pleaded not guilty; both were found guilty +and condemned to death<a id='r1146'></a><a href='#f1146' class='c012'><sup>[1146]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The other prisoners, James Cockerell, quondam Prior of Guisborough, +Nicholas Tempest of Bashall, William Wood, Prior of Bridlington, +John Pickering of Lythe, clerk, John Pickering of Bridlington, +friar, Adam Sedbar, Abbot of Jervaux, and William Thirsk, quondam +Abbot of Fountains, were brought up for trial on the same indictment, +but were remanded until the next day, Thursday 17 May<a id='r1147'></a><a href='#f1147' class='c012'><sup>[1147]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>James Cockerell, the quondam Prior of Guisborough, was arrested +shortly after Easter by Sir Ralph Evers<a id='r1148'></a><a href='#f1148' class='c012'><sup>[1148]</sup></a>, and was on his way up to +London as a prisoner on 19 April<a id='r1149'></a><a href='#f1149' class='c012'><sup>[1149]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The case against him was, first, that about Martinmas Sir Francis +Bigod had attempted to restore him to his house<a id='r1150'></a><a href='#f1150' class='c012'><sup>[1150]</sup></a>; this was covered +by the pardon.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Second, he had read and praised Sir Francis’ book about the +royal supremacy since the pardon. He confessed that he had read +the book, but denied that he had praised it<a id='r1151'></a><a href='#f1151' class='c012'><sup>[1151]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Third, he had heard Sir Francis throw doubts upon the King’s +pardon<a id='r1152'></a><a href='#f1152' class='c012'><sup>[1152]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The only witness against him who is mentioned was Sir Francis +Bigod; the prosecution was conducted by John Baker, the attorney-general<a id='r1153'></a><a href='#f1153' class='c012'><sup>[1153]</sup></a>. +Cockerell pleaded not guilty, but was found guilty by the +jury<a id='r1154'></a><a href='#f1154' class='c012'><sup>[1154]</sup></a>. Under the new law of treason the fact that he listened to +Sir Francis’ book without arresting the author was sufficient to +constitute his guilt.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Orders were sent to Norfolk for the arrest of Nicholas Tempest, +to which he replied on 31 March that if Tempest were summoned to +London he would go without hesitation, as he was in no fear<a id='r1155'></a><a href='#f1155' class='c012'><sup>[1155]</sup></a>. +Accordingly he was summoned, together with Sir Stephen Hamerton +<span class='pageno' id='Page_212'>212</span>and the Prior of Bridlington, on 7 April<a id='r1156'></a><a href='#f1156' class='c012'><sup>[1156]</sup></a>. It was no wonder that he +went without fear, as the sole charge against him was that he had +been mentioned in the Abbot of Sawley’s supplication to Sir Thomas +Percy, which even the prosecution admitted was “no apparent matter +against” him<a id='r1157'></a><a href='#f1157' class='c012'><sup>[1157]</sup></a>. It was stated in general terms that he was a +“principal doer in the second insurrection,” but of this there was +absolutely no evidence<a id='r1158'></a><a href='#f1158' class='c012'><sup>[1158]</sup></a>. He was accused of maintaining the Abbot +of Sawley, and in particular it was said that he had sent provisions to +the monastery, but this was during the first insurrection and ought +to have been covered by the pardon<a id='r1159'></a><a href='#f1159' class='c012'><sup>[1159]</sup></a>. William Whorwood, the +solicitor-general, appeared against him at the trial<a id='r1160'></a><a href='#f1160' class='c012'><sup>[1160]</sup></a>. Tempest pleaded +not guilty, but was condemned<a id='r1161'></a><a href='#f1161' class='c012'><sup>[1161]</sup></a>. It is probable that he owed his +death to the feud between his family and the Savilles. Sir Henry +Saville had been loyal during the insurrection, and he was now +reaping his reward. He had the ear of the Government, and was +able to dispose of his enemies who had joined the rebels<a id='r1162'></a><a href='#f1162' class='c012'><sup>[1162]</sup></a>. There +does not appear to have been any other reason for Nicholas Tempest’s +death, as he was both innocent and inconspicuous.</p> + +<p class='c011'>William Wood, the Prior of Bridlington, came unsuspiciously up +to London with Nicholas Tempest. There was, however, a little +more evidence against him than against his companion. He was +accused of giving aid to Lumley during his occupation of Scarborough +in the second insurrection. The Prior’s defence was that +on hearing the first news of the rising he had warned Matthew +Boynton; that he agreed with the neighbouring gentlemen to defend +Bridlington against the rebels, that he had called out his own men +for this purpose, and that he had endeavoured to prevent them from +joining the rebels<a id='r1163'></a><a href='#f1163' class='c012'><sup>[1163]</sup></a>. Matthew Boynton did not altogether bear out +this story. He said that he had sent to the Prior for help to take +Bigod and that the Prior had refused it to him. The Prior replied +that he had needed all his men for his own protection<a id='r1164'></a><a href='#f1164' class='c012'><sup>[1164]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Prior’s chief offence had been committed during the Pilgrimage. +He had read and praised Friar Pickering’s rhyme beginning +“O faithful people,” and had given money to the insurgents<a id='r1165'></a><a href='#f1165' class='c012'><sup>[1165]</sup></a>. +The King was exceedingly sensitive to ballad criticism, and the +Prior’s conduct during Bigod’s rising was sufficiently suspicious to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_213'>213</span>give an excuse for bringing him to the scaffold. The solicitor-general +conducted the case against the Prior<a id='r1166'></a><a href='#f1166' class='c012'><sup>[1166]</sup></a>, who pleaded not +guilty, but was condemned<a id='r1167'></a><a href='#f1167' class='c012'><sup>[1167]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>John Pickering of Pickering Lythe, clerk, seems to have been +arrested solely because he was Sir Francis Bigod’s chaplain<a id='r1168'></a><a href='#f1168' class='c012'><sup>[1168]</sup></a>. He +was imprisoned in the Marshalsea, where on 2 June he made a +deposition against the Bulmers, although they had been executed +the week before<a id='r1169'></a><a href='#f1169' class='c012'><sup>[1169]</sup></a>. No evidence against him has been preserved. +He pleaded not guilty, and was condemned<a id='r1170'></a><a href='#f1170' class='c012'><sup>[1170]</sup></a>, but eventually he was +pardoned<a id='r1171'></a><a href='#f1171' class='c012'><sup>[1171]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Friar John Pickering, his namesake, was a prominent Pilgrim, +and the author of the popular rhyme just referred to. He had +attended the council of divines at Pontefract, and had argued against +the royal supremacy<a id='r1172'></a><a href='#f1172' class='c012'><sup>[1172]</sup></a>. From the first it was known that he had +taken part in Bigod’s insurrection, and the King ordered his +arrest on 22 February<a id='r1173'></a><a href='#f1173' class='c012'><sup>[1173]</sup></a>. For a short while he evaded pursuit<a id='r1174'></a><a href='#f1174' class='c012'><sup>[1174]</sup></a>, but +he was captured and despatched to London before 22 March<a id='r1175'></a><a href='#f1175' class='c012'><sup>[1175]</sup></a>. He +confessed to carrying messages from Bigod to Hallam, and to +informing Bigod about the state of Durham<a id='r1176'></a><a href='#f1176' class='c012'><sup>[1176]</sup></a>. In his case, at any +rate, there was no miscarriage of justice. He had worked for his +cause until the last, and had failed.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Adam Sedbar, the Abbot of Jervaux, was arrested early in +March<a id='r1177'></a><a href='#f1177' class='c012'><sup>[1177]</sup></a> and sent up to the Tower, where his name may still be seen +inscribed on the wall. He was not a popular landlord, and had +taken part in the Pilgrimage to some extent against his will. He +was examined twice, first on 25 April and again on 24 May, just +before his execution. He maintained his innocence to the last, and +declared that the insurrection had little to do with religion, but was +the work of the discontented commons<a id='r1178'></a><a href='#f1178' class='c012'><sup>[1178]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The case against him was as follows:—</p> + +<p class='c010'>(1) About Christmas he had sent a servant into Lincolnshire to +report on the state of the country. The servant brought back word +that the Lincolnshire men were “busily hanged,” and on this news +the Abbot began to plot a new insurrection.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_214'>214</span>(2) He gave money to Ninian Staveley and others for the +purpose of inducing them to rebel.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(3) He ordered Staveley to send a message to Sir Thomas +Percy that he must come forward to help the Abbot in the new +rising.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(4) When the men of Richmondshire rose, the Abbot sent his +servants to join them, and promised them further help<a id='r1179'></a><a href='#f1179' class='c012'><sup>[1179]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c010'>The Abbot’s defence was:—</p> + +<p class='c010'>(1) He had sent the servant to Lincolnshire only to collect the +rents belonging to the Abbey and for no other purpose.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(2) He had ordered money to be given to Staveley and his +companion by way of a tip, because they had been trying to find +some lost sheep belonging to the Abbey.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(3) He had never sent or ordered a message to Sir Thomas +Percy.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(4) He knew nothing about the Richmondshire insurrection +until the commons surrounded the Abbey and insisted upon carrying +off his servants. As soon as they had gone, the Abbot fled to Bolton +Castle, where he remained with Lord Scrope until the tumult was +over<a id='r1180'></a><a href='#f1180' class='c012'><sup>[1180]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c010'>Staveley and Middleton, the witnesses against the Abbot, were +men of bad character, and on the whole it is probable that the +Abbot’s defence was true and that his only crime was his office.</p> + +<p class='c011'>William Thirsk, the quondam Abbot of Fountains, lived at Jervaux, +and was involved in the same charges as Sedbar<a id='r1181'></a><a href='#f1181' class='c012'><sup>[1181]</sup></a>. His defence was +the same and was equally sound. Both were found guilty and condemned +to death<a id='r1182'></a><a href='#f1182' class='c012'><sup>[1182]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Friday 25 May 1537 Sir John Bulmer, Sir Stephen Hamerton, +Nicholas Tempest, James Cockerell, the quondam Prior of Guisborough, +William Thirsk, the quondam Abbot of Fountains, and +Pickering were executed at Tyburn. Bulmer and Hamerton enjoyed +the privilege of their knighthood and “were but hanged and headed.” +The others suffered the full penalty of the law. Their heads were +set on London Bridge and the gates of London<a id='r1183'></a><a href='#f1183' class='c012'><sup>[1183]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>These executions had, on the whole, a settling effect on the +country. The reformers were delighted. The large and powerful class +who desired peace above everything were reassured. Most of the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_215'>215</span>conservatives were frightened into silence. But one Yorkshire man +called William Moke, who was present at the executions, felt such +indignation that when he heard Sir Richard Tempest and Thomas +Grice were summoned to London he set out at once to warn them +not to come. He foolishly mentioned his object at an inn in Lincolnshire, +and as innkeepers were among the best of Cromwell’s sources +of information, Moke was at once arrested and brought back to +London<a id='r1184'></a><a href='#f1184' class='c012'><sup>[1184]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the day when Sir John Bulmer died, 25 May, another +execution took place. Lady Bulmer, or Margaret Cheyne as she +was called, was drawn after the other prisoners from the Tower +to Smithfield and there burnt. Burning was the ancient penalty +for treason in the case of a woman, but it was seldom exacted. The +poor women in Somersetshire, for instance, suffered the same fate as +the men. The death of Margaret caused some sensation at the time. +There is a touch of pathos even in the dry record of Wriothesley’s +Chronicle; she was burnt, he says, “according to her judgment, God +pardon her soul, being the Friday in Whitsun week: she was a very +fair creature and a beautiful.”<a id='r1185'></a><a href='#f1185' class='c012'><sup>[1185]</sup></a> At Thame in Oxfordshire her fate +was discussed on the Sunday before she died. Robert Jons said that +it was a pity she should suffer. John Strebilhill, the informer, +answered, “It is no pity, if she be a traitor to her prince, but that +she should have after her deserving.” This warned Jons to be careful, +and he merely replied, “Let us speak no more of this matter, for men +may be blamed for speaking the truth.”<a id='r1186'></a><a href='#f1186' class='c012'><sup>[1186]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Froude says, “Lady Bulmer seems from the depositions to have +deserved as serious punishment as any woman for the crime of high +treason can be said to have deserved.” The depositions show only +that she believed the commons were ready to rebel again, and that +the Duke of Norfolk alone could prevent the new rebellion. In +addition to this she kept her husband’s secrets and tried to save his +life. She committed no overt act of treason; her offences were +merely words and silence. The reason for her execution does not +lie in the heinous nature of her offence, but Henry was not gratuitously +cruel, and her punishment had an object. It was intended +as an example to others. There can be no doubt that many women +were ardent supporters of the Pilgrimage. Lady Hussey and the +dowager Countess of Northumberland were both more guilty than +Lady Bulmer. Other names have occurred from time to time, Mistress +<span class='pageno' id='Page_216'>216</span>Stapleton, old Sir Marmaduke Constable’s wife, who sheltered +Levening<a id='r1187'></a><a href='#f1187' class='c012'><sup>[1187]</sup></a>, and young Lady Evers. But these were all ladies of +blameless character and of respectable, sometimes powerful, families. +Henry knew that in the excited state of public opinion it would be +dangerous to meddle with them. His reign was not by any means +an age of chivalry, but there still remained a good deal of the old +tribal feeling about women, that they were the most valuable possessions +of the clan, and that if any stranger, even the King, touched +them all the men of the clan were disgraced. An illustration of this +occurred in Scotland during the same year (1537). James V brought +to trial, condemned, and burnt Lady Glamis on a charge of high +treason<a id='r1188'></a><a href='#f1188' class='c012'><sup>[1188]</sup></a>. She was a lady of great family and James brought upon himself +and his descendants a feud which lasted for more than sixty years<a id='r1189'></a><a href='#f1189' class='c012'><sup>[1189]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>James’ uncle Henry VIII was more politic. He selected as the +demonstration of his object-lesson to husbands, which should teach +them to distrust their wives, and to wives, which should teach them +to dread their husbands’ confidence, a woman of no family and +irregular life, dependent on the head of a falling house. This +insignificance, which might have saved a man, was in her case an +additional danger. She had no avenger but her baby son, and we +only hear of one friendly voice raised to pity her death. The King’s +object-lesson was most satisfactorily accomplished.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Saturday 2 June 1537 Sir Thomas Percy, Sir Francis Bigod, +George Lumley, Adam Sedbar the Abbot of Jervaux, and William +Wood the Prior of Bridlington were executed at Tyburn. Sir Thomas +Percy was beheaded, and was buried at the church of the Crutched +Friars on Tower Hill<a id='r1190'></a><a href='#f1190' class='c012'><sup>[1190]</sup></a>; the others suffered the full penalty and their +heads were exposed on London Bridge and elsewhere<a id='r1191'></a><a href='#f1191' class='c012'><sup>[1191]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Darcy, Hussey, Aske and Constable were still in the Tower, but +with these exceptions the end of the treason trials and executions +had been reached.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is customary at this point to comment on the stolid indifference +of the general public to such events, but a study of contemporary +depositions shows that this placidity has been rather over-rated. +Short of another insurrection, there was no way in which sympathy +could be expressed with the sufferers; the lightest words laid a man +at the mercy of any chance informer. Yet a perceptible murmur +followed the death of the northern men. Thomas Strangways, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_217'>217</span>Thomas Neville, William Moke, Robert Jons, Lord Delaware, Lord +Cobham and Lord Montague each in his way uttered a protest which +must have voiced the feelings of many others who dared not speak +or who escaped detection. The feeling of Scotland was probably +expressed by the Bishop of Aberdeen. “Ye have put down many +good Christian men,” he said to an English pursuivant, and when the +latter protested, added, “ye that are poor men are good, but the heads +are the worst.”<a id='r1192'></a><a href='#f1192' class='c012'><sup>[1192]</sup></a> The Spanish Chronicler, who seems to have come to +England a few years later and depended for his information entirely on +hearsay, never even mentions the second insurrection. His story is +that the people were pacified by the King’s promises, that as soon as +there was no danger of any further rising Aske was persuaded by +fair words to reveal the names of those who had helped him, and +that the King then threw off the mask and caused all the leaders to +be executed<a id='r1193'></a><a href='#f1193' class='c012'><sup>[1193]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The attitude of the King’s apologists is also very significant. +Knowing that Henry’s conduct was always severely criticised in +France, Cromwell wrote to Sir Thomas Wyatt, the English ambassador +there, that he must affirm that, although it was true Darcy +and the others had been pardoned, yet they had all most ungratefully +offended again and were justly sentenced to death. If it had not +been for their second treason, the King would never have remembered +their former crime<a id='r1194'></a><a href='#f1194' class='c012'><sup>[1194]</sup></a>. In 1546 William Thomas wrote a panegyric +of Henry VIII in the form of a dialogue between an Englishman +and an Italian. The Italian objects against Henry, “After the +Insurrection in the North, when he had pardoned the first rebellers +against him, contrary unto his promise did he not cause a number of +the most noble of them, by divers torments to be put to death?” +Thomas of course makes the usual answer, that they had offended a +second time<a id='r1195'></a><a href='#f1195' class='c012'><sup>[1195]</sup></a>; but the objection shows that the executions were not +accepted as just, and were not forgotten, or Thomas would have had +no occasion to allude to them. Finally the Yorkshire Chronicler, +Wilfred Holme, begins by stating that the pardon was not universal:—</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>“And to the Duke of Norfolk’s intercession</div> + <div class='line'>There was granted a pardon and that general,</div> + <div class='line'>From Don to Tweed for their whole transgression</div> + <div class='line'>Of all contempts and trespasses as well as things vital</div> + <div class='line'><i>Nine</i> only reserved.”</div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_218'>218</span>But he presently adds that later these nine were also pardoned at +Norfolk’s intercession<a id='r1196'></a><a href='#f1196' class='c012'><sup>[1196]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Considering the conditions of the period it may be said that this +was quite a powerful body of criticism to be directed against Henry. +He was exceedingly sensitive to public opinion, and although he +had still a number of prisoners on his hands the executions ceased. +There was a simpler way of disposing of the prisoners which attracted +less attention. The plague was raging in London, and a few months +in one of the prisons were enough to prevent anyone obnoxious to +the King from troubling his Majesty again.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Richard Tempest’s case illustrates this point. On 11 March +1536–7 the Earl of Sussex reported to Norfolk that Sir Richard “was +neither good first nor last.”<a id='r1197'></a><a href='#f1197' class='c012'><sup>[1197]</sup></a> He was accused of having called out +the men of Halifax before 10 October 1536<a id='r1198'></a><a href='#f1198' class='c012'><sup>[1198]</sup></a>, which was the date +of the beginning of the insurrection for the purposes of the pardon. +A letter of his to Sir George Darcy was discovered in which he +declared that he would take Lord Darcy’s part against any lord in +England<a id='r1199'></a><a href='#f1199' class='c012'><sup>[1199]</sup></a>. Sir Richard Tempest was summoned to appear in London +during Trinity term to answer these charges, or others<a id='r1200'></a><a href='#f1200' class='c012'><sup>[1200]</sup></a>. William +Moke’s warning never reached him<a id='r1201'></a><a href='#f1201' class='c012'><sup>[1201]</sup></a>, and on 2 June 1537 Norfolk +thanked Cromwell for telling him that the King “did not much +favour” Sir Richard<a id='r1202'></a><a href='#f1202' class='c012'><sup>[1202]</sup></a>. Tempest came up to London and was thrown +into the Fleet. He petitioned Cromwell to be released on bail, because +he was in jeopardy of his life, “the weather is so hot and contagious +and the plague so sore in the city.”<a id='r1203'></a><a href='#f1203' class='c012'><sup>[1203]</sup></a> His petition was disregarded +and on 25 August he died. “He willed his heart to be taken out of +his body and carried to his own country, to be buried in the place he +had prepared for his corpse and his wife’s to lie in.”<a id='r1204'></a><a href='#f1204' class='c012'><sup>[1204]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Some prisoners fared better than this. William Aclom’s name is +mentioned among those who were accused of treason<a id='r1205'></a><a href='#f1205' class='c012'><sup>[1205]</sup></a>, but he was not +included in the indictment. Leonard Beckwith summoned him before +the Court of Star Chamber for robberies committed during the +insurrection<a id='r1206'></a><a href='#f1206' class='c012'><sup>[1206]</sup></a> and Aclom was imprisoned in the Fleet until his case +should be tried. He made himself comfortable there by marrying +<span class='pageno' id='Page_219'>219</span>the sister of the keeper, with the result that Beckwith complained +Aclom had “a very small imprisonment.”<a id='r1207'></a><a href='#f1207' class='c012'><sup>[1207]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Aclom’s case was exceptional and several of the other prisoners +must have died. Thomas Strangways was sick at the time of his +arrest, and did not long survive<a id='r1208'></a><a href='#f1208' class='c012'><sup>[1208]</sup></a>. Robert Thompson the vicar of +Brough-under-Stainmoor was arrested before 24 February. Norfolk +proposed that he should be tried and executed at Carlisle, although +there was no proof that he had taken any part in the second insurrection, +except that he had once prayed for the Pope<a id='r1209'></a><a href='#f1209' class='c012'><sup>[1209]</sup></a>. Thompson was +sent up to London on 8 March<a id='r1210'></a><a href='#f1210' class='c012'><sup>[1210]</sup></a>, and was examined in the Tower +on 20 March<a id='r1211'></a><a href='#f1211' class='c012'><sup>[1211]</sup></a>. He was never brought to trial, but from the Tower +he was transferred to the King’s Bench Prison where he found “his +body ... what with years, what with corrupt and stinking smells, what +with cold and hunger, so sore pricked” that he earnestly petitioned +Cromwell for mercy. The petition is endorsed “no” and the vicar +was left to die in his miserable prison<a id='r1212'></a><a href='#f1212' class='c012'><sup>[1212]</sup></a>. Sir Ingram Percy was +imprisoned in the Tower at the same time as his brother Sir Thomas. +There was no evidence of any kind that he had offended since the +pardon, but he was kept a prisoner in the Tower for about a year. +There he carved his name and motto</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>“Ingram Percy. Sara fidele.” [<i>I will be faithful.</i>]</div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c017'>He was probably released in November 1538<a id='r1213'></a><a href='#f1213' class='c012'><sup>[1213]</sup></a>, when there was a +rumour that he had fled to Scotland, but this was unfounded. His +health must have been completely broken, for he never returned to +the north and died in a few months. His will, dated 7 June 1538, +was proved at Canterbury on 21 March 1538–9<a id='r1214'></a><a href='#f1214' class='c012'><sup>[1214]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The fate of the other prisoners is unknown. Some must have +saved themselves by turning King’s evidence, as for instance Staynhus +and Staveley. Richard Bowier did so well in this respect that although +in March Norfolk had called him “as naughty a knave as any,”<a id='r1215'></a><a href='#f1215' class='c012'><sup>[1215]</sup></a> in +the summer he was petitioning Cromwell for a grant of monastic +lands<a id='r1216'></a><a href='#f1216' class='c012'><sup>[1216]</sup></a>. There were others who probably shared the fate of Robert +Thompson in prison. A case was carefully made out against William +<span class='pageno' id='Page_220'>220</span>Collins, the bailiff of Kendal, who was certainly guilty<a id='r1217'></a><a href='#f1217' class='c012'><sup>[1217]</sup></a>. He was +examined in the Tower on 12 April 1537<a id='r1218'></a><a href='#f1218' class='c012'><sup>[1218]</sup></a>, but after that nothing +more is heard of him, saving that in a list of Cromwell’s memoranda, +probably drawn up in July 1537, there occurs the item, “for Collins, +bailiff of Kendal.”<a id='r1219'></a><a href='#f1219' class='c012'><sup>[1219]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>It remains, in Henry’s words, “to knit up this tragedy,” and to +conclude with the fate of the two principals, Sir Robert Constable and +Robert Aske. They remained in the Tower after the trial on 16 May +for more than a month. The King made up his mind on 12 June +that they should be executed in the north<a id='r1220'></a><a href='#f1220' class='c012'><sup>[1220]</sup></a>; Constable, who had held +Hull, was to be hanged there in chains, and Aske was to be executed +at York “where he was in his greatest and most frantic glory.” It +was decided that they should be sent with Lord Hussey to Lincolnshire, +in order that their appearance might be a warning to the rebellious +people there<a id='r1221'></a><a href='#f1221' class='c012'><sup>[1221]</sup></a>. On 28 June the three prisoners left the Tower under +the escort of Sir Thomas Wentworth<a id='r1222'></a><a href='#f1222' class='c012'><sup>[1222]</sup></a>. At Huntingdon they were +delivered to Sir William Parr, who conveyed them to Lincoln, where +Hussey was handed over to the Duke of Suffolk. Parr conveyed +Constable and Aske to Hull, where they were transferred to the +custody of the Duke of Norfolk<a id='r1223'></a><a href='#f1223' class='c012'><sup>[1223]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Robert Constable was kept in Hull until the next market +day, in order that his end should have all possible publicity. He +was asked whether his written confession contained all that he +knew about the insurrection. He answered that he had omitted +some “naughty words and high cracks which my lord Darcy had +blown out,” because he did not wish to repeat them while Darcy was +alive. “He was in doubt whether he had offended God in receiving +the Sacrament concealing this”; but now he was able to free his +mind, “saying that they could hurt no man now my lord Darcy was +dead.”<a id='r1224'></a><a href='#f1224' class='c012'><sup>[1224]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>On Friday 6 July 1537 Sir Robert Constable was brought out to +the Beverley Gate for execution. The government chaplain could +not bring him to confess that he had committed treason since the +pardon, “howbeit his open confession was right good.” The passivity +with which prisoners submitted to death in Tudor times is somewhat +repugnant to modern ideas. When a man knows that his cause has +been overthrown by treachery and his life forfeited by the most cruel +<span class='pageno' id='Page_221'>221</span>injustice, we feel that he ought to make some protest at his death, +that his warfare on behalf of right and justice, as he conceives it, +ought to be carried on up to the very last breath. Any submission +appears like a compromise with evil. In Henry VIII’s reign public +opinion was very different. In the first place, as we have seen, the +officials who conducted the execution took summary measures to +prevent the prisoner from saying anything in his own justification. +In the second place an execution was a public amusement, and the +people did not want to be made uncomfortable by it. They guarded +against mental uneasiness in a very simple manner. If the prisoner +submitted to his sentence and acknowledged that he had received a +fair trial, they applauded him. There was no need to trouble about +a man who was quite satisfied with his own fate. If, on the other +hand, he did by any chance protest, they said that he must be a +bad man because he died “uncharitably”; therefore he must have +deserved his fate, and again there was no need to pity him. The +prisoner had usually no power to resist the weight of public opinion, +broken as he was in body by most rigorous imprisonment, and in spirit +by his long conflict with the most paralysing human vices, injustice, +cruelty and selfishness. He was worn out—</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>“Let the long contention cease,</div> + <div class='line'>Geese are swans and swans are geese.</div> + <div class='line'>Let them have it as they will,</div> + <div class='line'>Thou art tired, best be still.”</div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c011'>There is something noble in this quiet resignation,—something +which makes the protests of the modern martyr sound petty and +shrill.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In the strength of this resignation died Sir Robert Constable. +Norfolk reported that his body “doth hang above the highest gate of +the town, so trimmed in chains ... that I think his bones will hang +there this hundred year.”<a id='r1225'></a><a href='#f1225' class='c012'><sup>[1225]</sup></a> The Beverley Gate was the scene of +Hallam’s sacrifice, when he turned his back on safety and chose to +share the fate of his comrades. It was fitting that Sir Robert should +die there, he who worthily fulfilled his motto:</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>“As to the ship is anchor and cable,</div> + <div class='line'>So to thy friend be thou, Constable.”<a id='r1226'></a><a href='#f1226' class='c012'><sup>[1226]</sup></a></div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c011'>A very different scene of friendship was enacted at his execution. +Norfolk entered into conversation with Sir William Parr, saying that +he was as much bound to Cromwell as ever nobleman could be to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_222'>222</span>another. Parr replied that he had heard and partly knew how willing +Cromwell was to further Norfolk’s interests. The Duke exclaimed, +“Sir William, no man can report more than I know already, for I +have found such assured goodness in him to me, that I never proved +the like in any friend before; and therefore myself and all mine shall +be, as long as I live, as ready to do him pleasure as any kinsman he +hath.” Parr, as was expected of him, repeated all this to Cromwell<a id='r1227'></a><a href='#f1227' class='c012'><sup>[1227]</sup></a>. +Such were the professions of the man who afterwards arrested +Cromwell in the Council Chamber and “snatched off the order of +St George which he wore in his neck.”<a id='r1228'></a><a href='#f1228' class='c012'><sup>[1228]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>As the plague was raging in Hull, Norfolk left the town +immediately after the execution, and conveyed Aske to York, where +he was to suffer on the next market day<a id='r1229'></a><a href='#f1229' class='c012'><sup>[1229]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Ever since he had assumed his perilous office as grand captain +of the Pilgrimage, Aske had been haunted by the nightmare of an +execution for treason, from which he had not even the protection of +knighthood. His was not that unhealthy type of mind which despises +life and seeks for death in any form. He had none of the hysterical +enthusiasm which carries some martyrs through their sufferings in a +state of happy insensibility. He saw that the death which threatened +him was horrible and shameful, but he had the supreme courage to +face it, not because he drugged himself with the thought of future +bliss, but because it was necessary for the sake of his cause.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Aske was prepared to suffer martyrdom if it must be so, but he +did not pretend to desire it. During the rebellion he was heard to +say that “he had rather die in the field than be judged like a traitor.”<a id='r1230'></a><a href='#f1230' class='c012'><sup>[1230]</sup></a> +On his last journey up to London he was accompanied by Robert +Wall his foster brother and constant companion. When Wall heard +of Aske’s arrest, he cast himself upon his bed, and cried, “Oh my +master! Oh my master! They will draw him and hang him and +quarter him.” A few days afterwards the faithful servant died of +sorrow<a id='r1231'></a><a href='#f1231' class='c012'><sup>[1231]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After his trial Aske sent a petition to the King, and another to +an unnamed lord, probably Cromwell. He begged that his debts +might be paid, and that his lands in Hampshire might revert to the +right heirs, as he held them only for life. He solemnly declared that +none of his kinsmen took any part in the insurrection, and begged +that the King would be gracious to them, and not visit his offences +<span class='pageno' id='Page_223'>223</span>upon them. He requested that “other men’s evidences,” which had +been in his charge at Gray’s Inn and were seized with his papers, +might be restored to the rightful owners. Finally he begged that his +sentence might be commuted to perpetual imprisonment “or else let +me be full dead ere I be dismembered.”<a id='r1232'></a><a href='#f1232' class='c012'><sup>[1232]</sup></a> On this point the King +showed mercy. Aske was allowed to hang “until he died.”<a id='r1233'></a><a href='#f1233' class='c012'><sup>[1233]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The day appointed for Aske’s execution was Thursday 12 July, +which was market day in York<a id='r1234'></a><a href='#f1234' class='c012'><sup>[1234]</sup></a>. Richard Coren, the government +chaplain, was with him on the last morning, and received from him a +list of the spoils which he had taken and not restored; he begged +they might be discharged by the King. As with Constable, the +chaplain tried hard to draw fresh details of the rising out of him, and +noted, with some annoyance, that both men “thought a religion to +keep secret between God and them certain things rather than open +their whole stomach; from the which opinion I could not abduce +them.” The secret which the chaplain was so anxious to discover must +have been the identity of the Pilgrims’ friends in the south. The +evidence that they had such friends has already been discussed<a id='r1235'></a><a href='#f1235' class='c012'><sup>[1235]</sup></a>. +When interrogated on the subject in the Tower Aske replied, “the +common report of all that travelled in the south parts was then that +if the north parts would come forwards that the countries as they +came would take their part and join with them, ... he never received +letter nor special message with any promise of help from the South. +The gentlemen of Yorkshire adjoining Lincolnshire told him that if +any power had come into Lincolnshire before the agreement at +Doncaster the commons of Lincolnshire would have taken their part. +By such reports the said Aske knew the minds of the countries and +none otherwise.”<a id='r1236'></a><a href='#f1236' class='c012'><sup>[1236]</sup></a> When this statement is compared with Aske’s +letter to Darcy in November 1536<a id='r1237'></a><a href='#f1237' class='c012'><sup>[1237]</sup></a>, it is evident that he was lying to +his examiners. He probably confessed the falsehood to the chaplain, +but still refused to betray the names of his allies. He stated, out of +confession, that Darcy had told him during the Pilgrimage of his +communications with the Imperial ambassador in 1535, which though +suspected had not been known to the government before, and he +also mentioned Darcy’s intention of sending to Flanders, which had +been discovered during the trial.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Two things troubled Aske because they had “somewhat aggrieved” +<span class='pageno' id='Page_224'>224</span>him. One was a speech of Cromwell’s, who “spake a sore word and +affirmed it with a stomach,” that all the northern men were but +traitors. The other was the fact that Cromwell had several times +promised him a pardon, and the King had given him a token of +pardon for confessing the truth, yet he was now to die. He said that +he had kept these matters secret, and of course the chaplain, in his +report to Cromwell, promised never to repeat them. Another secret +which Aske had learnt was that Cromwell “did not bear so great +a favour to my lord of Norfolk as he thought he did.”<a id='r1238'></a><a href='#f1238' class='c012'><sup>[1238]</sup></a> These blunt +statements of facts that no one in diplomatic circles ever mentioned +caused a slight flutter among those concerned. Norfolk and Cromwell +were obliged to exchange more assurances of perpetual amity<a id='r1239'></a><a href='#f1239' class='c012'><sup>[1239]</sup></a> and +the English ambassador in Brussels wrote on 22 January 1539–40 that +Chapuys “professeth with great oaths the King’s good service and +true intent in the place he was in, wherein he showed me of the +accusation that Aske had made against him, and of his innocence +therein.”<a id='r1240'></a><a href='#f1240' class='c012'><sup>[1240]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>After his confession Aske was brought out of the prison and +openly confessed he had offended God, the King, and the world. +“God he had offended in breaking of his commandments, many ways; +the King’s Majesty, he said, he had greatly offended in breaking his +laws whereunto every true subject is bounden by the commandment +of God, as he did openly affirm, and the world he had offended, for so +much as he was the occasion that many one had lost their lives, lands +and goods. After this he declared openly that the King’s Highness +was so gracious lord unto all his subjects in these parts that no man +should be troubled for any offence comprised within the compass of +his gracious pardon.” He was then laid upon a hurdle and drawn +through the main streets of York, “desiring the people ever, as he +passed by, to pray for him.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>On reaching the Clifford Tower, Aske was made to repeat his +confession, and then taken into the Tower to await the coming of the +Duke<a id='r1241'></a><a href='#f1241' class='c012'><sup>[1241]</sup></a>. All the principal gentlemen of the West Marches had been +summoned to attend the execution, and others of Yorkshire including +Aske’s brother John, who afterwards had a severe illness<a id='r1242'></a><a href='#f1242' class='c012'><sup>[1242]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When Norfolk arrived he pronounced an exhortation<a id='r1243'></a><a href='#f1243' class='c012'><sup>[1243]</sup></a>. Aske was +brought out upon the scaffold on the top of the tower, and there +<span class='pageno' id='Page_225'>225</span>repeated his confession, “asking divers times the King’s Highness’ +forgiveness, my Lord Chancellor, my Lord of Norfolk, my Lord Privy +Seal, my Lord of Sussex and all the world, and thus, after certain +orisons, commended his soul to God.”<a id='r1244'></a><a href='#f1244' class='c012'><sup>[1244]</sup></a> So died Robert Aske, begging +the forgiveness of the men who had done him to death. “And all the +trumpets sounded for him on the other side.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>NOTE TO CHAPTER XX</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note A. There are three long papers (L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 847, 848, 849) filled +with notes on the evidence against Darcy and Aske. We have taken these to be +notes for the prosecution, showing the material for the various charges brought +against the prisoners. It has been suggested that our view is mistaken, and +that these are really notes for the interrogation of the prisoners, but this seems +improbable for the following reasons:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>(1) Against some of the items a note is made that a question is to be asked +about that particular point, but if they were all intended for questions, there +would be no reason to mark a few in this way. So far as the notes were used +as interrogatories, it was chiefly in the matter of the dates of various letters +mentioned in them, such dates being added in the margin.</p> + +<p class='c013'>(2) Against some of the items are written such comments as “this shows +him a traitor,” “thereby he committed a new treason.” There could be no +reason for such notes on a mere list of questions.</p> + +<p class='c013'>For these reasons therefore we take the notes to be the general outline of the +case for the crown against Darcy and Aske.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_226'>226</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XXI<br> <span class='c009'>THE COUNCIL OF THE NORTH</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>There is documentary evidence that 185 persons were executed +in the north for their share in the risings between October 1536 and +March 1537, and that 31 were executed in the south, making a total +of 216. In addition to this there is reason to believe that some +executions took place of which no record remains, and there were +a certain number of prisoners who died in prison without trial. The +slaughter at the assault on Carlisle was considerable, but there is no +means of discovering how many fell there, as the only number +mentioned, 700, seems to be much too great. Making allowance for +these omissions, however, the death-roll, although much longer than +historians have acknowledged, is short considering the standard of +the period. It is said that 100,000 peasants were slaughtered in +Germany after the revolt of 1525. In comparison with this Henry’s +modest total of little over 200 looks like humanity itself. If he won +the victory by treachery, he is entitled to the praise of having used it +with moderation, although this mercy was forced upon him by circumstances +and was not much to his taste.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It may be doubted whether this punishment would have been +sufficient to overpower the opposition to Henry’s policy, if the King +had not found an effective ally in the plague. The fatal disease +which had raged in the south during 1536 spread northward in the +summer of 1537, and continued its ravages in the northern counties +during the next four or five years. Men had no time to trouble +about the wrongs of the Church with that terrible spectre at the door. +According to the King’s servants it was the direct work of God on +behalf of the King. At any rate it had a great deal to do with the +peaceful close of Henry’s reign.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The north of England at the beginning of the sixteenth century +was the poorest and most backward part of the kingdom, the part, +therefore, which required most attention and care at the hands of +<span class='pageno' id='Page_227'>227</span>a competent ruler. So far Henry had not done well by it. He found +the north poor, and he robbed it of the only treasure it possessed in the +wealth of the abbeys. He found it backward, and he nearly destroyed +the only civilising influence at work there, the Church. He found +that the people cherished, among many faults, a few rude virtues, +truthfulness, personal honour, fidelity to family and friends. He made +no serious effort to reform their faults, but he did his best to eradicate +their virtues. By his system of justice oaths were made so common +that it was impossible they should be respected. Treacherous and +false witnesses were encouraged. The brother was forced to condemn +the brother, and the wife was tempted to betray her husband. It was +impossible that the gentlemen should preserve the same standard +and feel the same self-respect after they had been half bribed, half +frightened into taking part in the arrest and condemnation of their +kinsmen and friends. In short, the north was impoverished and +degraded by Norfolk and the King.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Nevertheless Henry VIII was a statesman, and he had long intended +to reform the north. His experimental councils are one sign +of this. His intrigues against the Percys are another. The Pilgrimage +of Grace afforded a very suitable opportunity to put his ideas into +practice. By its means he at last laid hands on the whole of the +Percy inheritance, and destroyed a power which had menaced the +throne for two hundred years. This dangerous power had been +delegated to the Earls of Northumberland in the hope that it would +enable them to control the Borders, but time had proved the folly +of the measure. The Percys could plunge the kingdom in turmoil +whenever they chose, but they could not maintain any appreciable +amount of good government on the Borders. At length Henry VIII +destroyed the family by violence and treachery. The means were bad, +but the end was worth attaining, and the King was firmly determined +that no act of his should confer similar power on another great family, +which his son or grandson would in turn be obliged to destroy.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry had determined to try a new plan of government on the +Borders. No satisfactory way to hold the mosstroopers in check +had ever been devised. The councils were in a perpetual state of +reorganisation. The wardens of the Marches were often in trouble +for treason and at other times pursued spirited blood-feuds among +themselves or with the Scots wardens. It was no wonder that the +King took the wardenships into his own hands and secretly resolved +that no nobleman should hold them again.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The East Marches were offered to the Earl of Westmorland, but +<span class='pageno' id='Page_228'>228</span>he was allowed to refuse the office<a id='r1245'></a><a href='#f1245' class='c012'><sup>[1245]</sup></a>, which would not have been the +case if the King had really wanted him. Henry intended that the +work should be done by knights and gentlemen appointed as his +deputies and dependent on his own orders. They were to be assisted +by the Council of the Marches. This body, which had been in +existence for a long time, was composed of all the principal Border +gentlemen, and the King decided to grant them pensions in consideration +of the services which he hoped they would perform. The +powers of the council were confined to the Borders; its members +were officials such as Sir Thomas Clifford the captain of Berwick, +Lionel Grey porter of Berwick, and Northumbrian gentlemen such +as the Forsters, the Ogles, the Carrs and the Fenwicks. It was now +proposed to include the headmen of the principal surnames of Tynedale +and Reedsdale, the Charltons, Robsons, Dods, Halls and others. +The presidents of the council were the deputy wardens, and its +business was confined to Scots and English raids, outrages in Tynedale +and Reedsdale, the safe-keeping of Border castles, and dealings with +the English spies who infested the Lowlands of Scotland.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This council must not be confused with the Council of the North, +as it was a totally distinct body. It was a makeshift means of dealing +with the problem of the Borders. While England and Scotland were +hostile, it was impossible to rule these districts justly and firmly. The +reivers were not to blame for their situation. There is no real moral +distinction between deliberately laying waste a fair country in time of +war, and carrying off a neighbour’s cattle under cover of night, except +that the first is wanton destruction and the second is sometimes a work +of necessity. The mosstrooper naturally lost all respect for the law +which praised and rewarded the first and hanged him for the second. +The King did his best to deal fairly by the Borders. It was not his +fault that all plans failed; or at least it was his fault only in so far +as he stirred up tumult and encouraged the terrible Warden raids +which so often set the Scots fields ablaze just before harvest time. +He had let a lawless genie out of the pot, which he could by no +means conjure back again.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In January 1536–7 the Earl of Northumberland was dying. He +made no difficulty about the surrender of the wardenships of the +East and Middle Marches into the King’s hands. The younger +Percys were soon to be disposed of in the most definite way possible. +There remained the West Marches, of which the Earl of Cumberland +was the warden. On 24 January the King commanded the Earl +<span class='pageno' id='Page_229'>229</span>to reconcile himself with Lord Dacre. Shortly afterwards the Privy +Council desired the Earl to resign his office as warden, and announced +at the same time that it was the King’s pleasure to advance him to +the Order of the Garter<a id='r1246'></a><a href='#f1246' class='c012'><sup>[1246]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The King decided to appoint Sir William Evers to the East and +Sir John Widdrington to the Middle Marches as his deputies, with +Roger Fenwick as Keeper of Tynedale and George Fenwick Keeper +of Reedsdale<a id='r1247'></a><a href='#f1247' class='c012'><sup>[1247]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It might have been expected that the King would consult the +Duke of Norfolk before making these appointments, as he was just +about to start for the north. But perhaps he wished to show +Norfolk that he was not entirely trusted. At any rate Sir Anthony +Browne set out secretly with the commissions for the new deputy +wardens several days before Norfolk, and the Duke was much surprised +to find himself following in the steps of a royal messenger about +whom he knew nothing<a id='r1248'></a><a href='#f1248' class='c012'><sup>[1248]</sup></a>. Norfolk’s authority was limited also in +another way. From the first it had been determined that he should +be accompanied by a council of “personages of honour, worship and +learning,” appointed by the Privy Council<a id='r1249'></a><a href='#f1249' class='c012'><sup>[1249]</sup></a>. Their commission set +forth the powers of the council “whose advice the Duke shall in all +things use, and for whose entertainment he shall have allowance, as +in a book, wherein the Duke and every councillor is rated at a certain +ordinary, is contained.” Some of these councillors accompanied the +Duke to the north, the rest were gentlemen already resident there<a id='r1250'></a><a href='#f1250' class='c012'><sup>[1250]</sup></a>. +On 14 January “the Earl of Westmorland and Bowes were sworn of +the King’s Council in the North.”<a id='r1251'></a><a href='#f1251' class='c012'><sup>[1251]</sup></a> Sir Marmaduke Constable was +vice-president, and William Babthorpe was a councillor<a id='r1252'></a><a href='#f1252' class='c012'><sup>[1252]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Council of the North was thus constituted in 1537, but as +yet it had no independent authority. The members did not even +sign Norfolk’s despatches, and the Duke quoted their advice only +when he was suggesting measures which would be disagreeable to +the King<a id='r1253'></a><a href='#f1253' class='c012'><sup>[1253]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When Norfolk was at Doncaster on 2 February he received from +the Privy Council an explanation of Browne’s errand. Besides the +appointment of the new deputies<a id='r1254'></a><a href='#f1254' class='c012'><sup>[1254]</sup></a>, he carried letters patent to all the +headmen of Tynedale and Reedsdale granting them fees as the King’s +<span class='pageno' id='Page_230'>230</span>servants<a id='r1255'></a><a href='#f1255' class='c012'><sup>[1255]</sup></a>. At first Norfolk was not opposed to the general outlines +of the plan, but he strongly objected to some of the King’s pensioners. +Edward and Cuthbert Charleton, Henry and Geoffrey Robson, +Christopher and David Milburn, John Hall of Otterburn, and Sandy +and Anthony Hall were all either thieves themselves or maintainers +of thieves<a id='r1256'></a><a href='#f1256' class='c012'><sup>[1256]</sup></a>. They had been involved in the murder of two gentlemen. +“Light persons will say that the King is obliged to hire the worst +malefactors and overlook their offences.” Norfolk ventured to send +after Sir Anthony Browne the advice that he should not deliver the +patents to these men without further orders<a id='r1257'></a><a href='#f1257' class='c012'><sup>[1257]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Duke was snubbed by the Privy Council for his pains. “The +King marvelled he should be more earnest against retaining such as +have been murderers and thieves than such as have been traitors. +These men rather did good in the late trouble, though they did it for +their own lucre, and if they can be now made good men the King’s +money will be well spent.” To grant them fees was not the same +thing as to grant them pardons; if they were murderers they +could still be punished for that. Norfolk must write at once to +Sir Anthony and tell him to carry out his original orders without +modification<a id='r1258'></a><a href='#f1258' class='c012'><sup>[1258]</sup></a>. Henry always believed that the mosstroopers might +be turned to good use if he could but manage them. On the +approach of war with Scotland they became a valuable asset.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Anthony Browne arrived at Berwick on Saturday 3 February. +Besides the delivery of their commissions to the deputy-wardens, +he was instructed to arrange a general pacification, to demand +restitution from Tynedale and Reedsdale for the raids they had +made in Northumberland during the rising, to appoint certain +persons to advise the deputies, and to put Ford Castle into safe-keeping. +In addition to these tasks, some of them not easy, he had +still more delicate work to do. He must warn the Borderers against +all breaches of the peace with Scotland; he must inform Sir Thomas +Clifford that the Earl of Cumberland had been reconciled to Lord +Dacre, and he must order Sir Thomas to “cast away his ancient +grudges”; he must persuade the Northumbrian gentlemen “to live +more in the heart of the Marches than they do now”; finally he was +not to leave the north until the two younger Percys were safely in +London by dint of force or strategy, and with them their henchman +little John Heron of Chipchase<a id='r1259'></a><a href='#f1259' class='c012'><sup>[1259]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_231'>231</span>Sir Anthony Browne sent for the gentlemen of Northumberland +to meet him at Berwick on Tuesday 6 February. There were some +who failed to answer his summons—Cuthbert and Edward Charleton, +Henry Robson, Christopher and David Milburn, and Sandy Hall—all +names on Norfolk’s black list. The Bishop of Durham, who was +making himself very useful, explained that they were noted freebooters +who would not come in “for fear of their evil deeds;”<a id='r1260'></a><a href='#f1260' class='c012'><sup>[1260]</sup></a> the +deputy wardens confirmed this opinion<a id='r1261'></a><a href='#f1261' class='c012'><sup>[1261]</sup></a>. The absentees would have +received a pleasant surprise if they had plucked up heart to come; +against all likelihood it was gold, not halters, that the King had +sent them.</p> + +<p class='c011'>All the gentlemen who assembled at Berwick took the new oath +to the King and received their patents. They took “not a little +comfort” in being the King’s servants, and would “think long” until +they had earned their pensions by some deed. The Greys were at +feud with the Carrs, the Forsters and Ogles with the Halls; indeed +it is safe to say that there was not a family in Northumberland +without a blood enemy and a sworn ally. Sir Anthony Browne commanded +them in the King’s name to forget their hatreds, and in the +fullness of their new-found loyalty they all replied that the King +should be obeyed in everything, “and each agreed to set his hand to +an instrument.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>They were heartily agreed on one point. Tynedale and Reedsdale +had spoiled the plains “so sore that many are weary of their lives”; +the reivers must be forced to make restitution, or if that was impossible +at least some revenge must be taken. Sir Anthony Browne +promised redress and sent to the hill graynes to demand pledges for +their good behaviour<a id='r1262'></a><a href='#f1262' class='c012'><sup>[1262]</sup></a>. Reedsdale made no difficulty, but sent in +seven or eight of these hostages at once. There was likely to be +more trouble over the Tynedale pledges, and the dalesmen had an +excuse for their lawlessness ready. They said that they would never +have “broken” if Sir Reynold Carnaby had not called upon them in +the King’s name to rise against the rebels of Northumberland. Of +course everyone in Northumberland swore that he had no thoughts +against the King and took up arms only to protect his goods from +the reivers<a id='r1263'></a><a href='#f1263' class='c012'><sup>[1263]</sup></a>. It is difficult to discover who was responsible for the +raising of the two dales, the Percy or the Carnaby faction. The +<span class='pageno' id='Page_232'>232</span>Carnabys laid the mustering of Tynedale to the charge of little John +Heron, Sir Thomas Percy’s man, and supported their story by many +circumstantial details<a id='r1264'></a><a href='#f1264' class='c012'><sup>[1264]</sup></a>. This still leaves Reedsdale unaccounted for, +and the mosstroopers themselves said that they rose for Sir Reynold. +In the King’s opinion, though they acted for their own gain, they did +more good than harm. He must have meant by spoiling their neighbours, +for they did nothing else. It may have been that when John +Heron raised Tynedale, the Carnabys raised Reedsdale against him, +and that both dales thought it more profitable to spoil the lowlands +than to fight each other. It was in nobody’s interest to defend the +falling house of Percy, and it may be suspected that a list of spoils +nearly as long as those attributed to the Percys might have been +made against the Carnaby faction.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The members of the Council of the Marches assembled at Berwick. +They were Sir Thomas Clifford, Sir William Evers, Sir John +Widdrington, Robert Collingwood, Lionel Grey, Cuthbert Radcliff +and John Horsley. On 14 February they wrote to the King to +inform him that it had been necessary to modify some of the orders +brought by Sir Anthony Browne. First they had requested him not +to deliver the King’s letters patent which granted the keeping of +Reedsdale to George Fenwick, because a change at such an unsettled +time would be sure to cause disorder, and the deputy warden +of the Middle Marches, Sir John Widdrington, felt himself hampered +in his duties if Reedsdale were not under his direct control.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Further, after much debate, they had determined to advise the +King humbly against enlisting as pensioners in his service Cuthbert +and Edward Charleton. These two men were leaders of the Tynedale +thieves. They had resorted to Sir Thomas Percy during the insurrection. +They had busily devoted themselves to stirring up the +disorder so favourable to the practice of their calling. The feeling +was general that in asking these reivers to assist their natural +enemies the wardens, the King was obeying too implicitly the old +saw about catching thieves. Moreover, the Charletons had not been +loyal since the end of the rising. The greater number of the dalesmen +had been ready to take the King’s oath, but the Charletons had +refused to swear to be true to the King, unless they might make a +special reservation in favour of Hexham Priory, which they had +sworn to maintain against all the world, receiving 20 nobles a year +from the canons in guerdon of their allegiance. This is some proof +<span class='pageno' id='Page_233'>233</span>that the marchman’s respect for his oath was more than a chivalrous +fiction of the Border minstrels.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Charletons would not agree to send in pledges for restitution +of the cattle and gear they had plundered. They had plenty of +friends on the Marches, and being in league with the reivers of +Liddesdale, Jedworth Forest, Harlaw Woods and Esk Water, they +could defy the King’s officers with impunity. The Council of the +Marches suggested that it would be better to catch and hang them +than to enrich them with the nation’s gold. They were so formidable +that it would take a force of 300 men to penetrate Tynedale and run +them to earth.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Finally the King had commanded that John Heron of Chipchase +should be arrested and sent up to London by water; but the Council +of the Marches thought that his arrest would alarm the Reedsdale +men, who were so far fairly quiet, and found it expedient merely +to bind him over for 200 marks to appear before the King when +summoned<a id='r1265'></a><a href='#f1265' class='c012'><sup>[1265]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Some of these arrangements did not please Henry. From a fragment +of a despatch to the Council of the Marches, it appears that he +marvelled at the demand for 300 soldiers, considering that Northumberland +was quiet; he expected the Council to arrest and send up +the Charletons without any such aid. He saw no reason against +employing the Charletons in Norfolk’s objection that they were +murderers, but it was a very different matter if they had refused to +take his oath. The draft breaks off, and it is impossible to say what +further orders were in the completed letter<a id='r1266'></a><a href='#f1266' class='c012'><sup>[1266]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Monday 26 February the Duke of Norfolk dissolved Hexham +Priory. All passed quietly. Edward and Cuthbert Charleton were +safe in the fastnesses of North Tynedale, and did not consider that +their oath bound them to attack the King’s Lieutenant when he had +superior forces<a id='r1267'></a><a href='#f1267' class='c012'><sup>[1267]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Tuesday 27 February Sir Anthony Browne received the last +of the Reedsdale pledges, and the Tynedale men agreed to send in +theirs on Monday 5 March. Well pleased at seeing the end of this +difficult task, Sir Anthony left Berwick for Newcastle-upon-Tyne<a id='r1268'></a><a href='#f1268' class='c012'><sup>[1268]</sup></a>. +At Morpeth he was met by 300 of the King’s subjects who had been +“sore harried and spoiled” and begged for redress against the mosstroopers. +Browne replied to their petition that he had taken order +<span class='pageno' id='Page_234'>234</span>for the restitution of their lost goods, “whereat they are right joyous +and glad.” Browne wrote that all went well, and that he expected +to be at court again in a fortnight<a id='r1269'></a><a href='#f1269' class='c012'><sup>[1269]</sup></a>. If he had had more experience +of the Borders, this very look of peace would have made him uneasy.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On Saturday 3 March Sir Anthony Browne was complacently +sure that no part of the realm was in better stay than the Middle +Marches. That very day Roger Fenwick, the Keeper of Tynedale, +went to Bellingham to receive the pledges of his dale. At midnight +he was set upon and murdered “for old grudges, by three naughty +persons”; the murderers were John of Charleton, Rynny Charleton +and John Dod<a id='r1270'></a><a href='#f1270' class='c012'><sup>[1270]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was at Newcastle-upon-Tyne at the time. Feeling his +position strengthened by the early failure of the King’s new policy, +he drew up, with the assistance of his council, an alternative scheme +for the government of the north. Henry was determined to be +served no more on the Marches by noblemen, who were as lawless as +the reivers and might use their isolation to become too powerful. +Norfolk, on the other hand, was convinced that only a nobleman, +wielding such powers as any king might fear to entrust to a subject, +could keep order on the Marches<a id='r1271'></a><a href='#f1271' class='c012'><sup>[1271]</sup></a>. According to Norfolk’s scheme, +this nobleman ought to be a member of the King’s Privy Council. +He should be the King’s Lieutenant, president of the proposed +Council of the North, and the ultimate authority in Cumberland, +Westmorland, Northumberland, Durham and Yorkshire. He was to +have power to levy forces whenever he saw need. He must be chief +warden of all the Marches, with deputies under him. He was to +spend most of the year in the north and to sit two or three times at +Newcastle-upon-Tyne to administer justice in Northumberland, in +such cases as murders, felonies and debts, as the wardens had no +authority to judge between Englishman and Englishman except in +cases of March treason<a id='r1272'></a><a href='#f1272' class='c012'><sup>[1272]</sup></a>, but only between Englishman and Scot.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In this proposal Norfolk showed his hand. During the following +months there was a continuous subterranean struggle between the +opposite schemes of Henry and Norfolk for the government of the +north. Although little is to be found as yet about the Council of +the North, there can be no doubt that that was the form of government +which Henry had in his mind from the first. Against it +Norfolk set up his scheme of a northern dictator, with himself +holding the dictatorship. It was a tempting but a dangerous dream, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_235'>235</span>and Norfolk dared not allow it to appear except by hints and glimpses +such as this.</p> + +<p class='c011'>To strengthen the hands of the dictator of the north the Duke +and his council made a number of suggestions less open to criticism +than the main proposal:</p> + +<p class='c010'>(1) Reedsdale belonged to Lord Tailboys, but it “is wholly +inhabited by thieves and has always been used as a lord marcher’s +liberty and is not geldable.” Harbottle Castle, where the Keeper of +Reedsdale ought to dwell, was so ruinous that it was fit neither for +a dwelling-place nor a prison. The King ought either to compel +Tailboys to repair Harbottle, or take the whole valley into his own +hands, giving Tailboys compensation.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(2) Some fortress ought to be built in Tynedale, or else Simonburn +Castle, belonging to Heron of Ford, must be put into repair +and made over to the Keeper of Tynedale.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(3) “Some true and hardy gentleman” was needed as Keeper +of Tynedale, which was to include Hexhamshire, Corbridge and the +Barony of Langley. All the gentlemen of the South Tyne valley +should be ordered to rise at his word in case of raiding or Scots +invasions.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(4) The Earl of Northumberland’s castles and lands should be +taken into the King’s hands, and the tenants instead of paying +ingressum and such charges should be commanded to be ready with +horse and harness at short notice.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(5) Lord Dacre must be ordered to keep his tenants, the prickers +of Gillsland, in good rule, and they must be ready to attend the +King’s officers at the Border meetings.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(6) The pensions granted to the gentlemen and headmen of +Northumberland, designed to encourage them in the King’s service, +were not likely to have that effect. The money would be better +spent in rewarding good service already done, or in making the +castles defensible.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(7) Finally the laws of the Marches ought to be fixed and +written down, as at present they worked with all the uncertainty of +traditional custom.</p> + +<p class='c010'>These suggestions, headed “A remembrance for order and good +rule to be had and kept in the north parts,” were sent up to +London<a id='r1273'></a><a href='#f1273' class='c012'><sup>[1273]</sup></a>. In his letter to the Privy Council dated 7 March Norfolk +again urged that a nobleman should be appointed warden, at least of +<span class='pageno' id='Page_236'>236</span>the West Marches. “Every man of wit” about him was agreed that +no “mean person” could curb the Marches. This was the moral he +drew from the murder of Roger Fenwick<a id='r1274'></a><a href='#f1274' class='c012'><sup>[1274]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Privy Council answered this letter on 12 March. They +pointed out that the King had offered the wardenship of the East +and Middle Marches to two noblemen, who had both been reluctant +to accept the office; instead of reluctant servants he had taken the +best men who would serve him willingly. Norfolk had expressed +approval of the scheme at first, only objecting to a few of the +pensioners, whose unfitness the Privy Council now acknowledged. +The King had been badly served on the West Marches because of +the Clifford feud; it would become still more bitter if he appointed +Lord Dacre to an office which the Earl of Cumberland had +just given up. Was not the King’s authority enough to make the +meanest man respected? “The King retaining all the gentlemen +and headmen as he doth shall not be ill served; at least it shall not +be ill to assay it.” They asked for the names of the “wise men” +who had advised with Norfolk<a id='r1275'></a><a href='#f1275' class='c012'><sup>[1275]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Privy Council remained blandly unconscious of Norfolk’s +very broad hint that there was one nobleman who would not refuse +to be warden of all the Marches. Their reply also shows why Norfolk +resented so much the pensions which the King had granted. The +recipients received the money direct from the King; a special messenger +had brought them their patents, and it was made very plain +that the Duke had nothing to do with the gift. This struck a blow +at Norfolk’s power of buying adherents by a promise of court +patronage, and when all the gentlemen and headmen were the King’s +servants, it became much more difficult for anyone else to gather a +strong band of retainers and allies.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When Norfolk’s proposal was laid before the King, he replied +in no uncertain terms. On 17 March the Privy Council report to +Norfolk the following speech which the King himself had deigned to +make. Henry marvelled that Norfolk seemed so resolved that only +noblemen should serve him on the Marches:</p> + +<p class='c011'>“When I would,” quoth his Highness, “have preferred to the +wardenry of the East and Middle Marches my lord of Westmorland, +like as he did utterly refuse it, so my lord of Norfolk noted him a +man of such heat and hastiness of nature that he could not think +<span class='pageno' id='Page_237'>237</span>him meet for it. When we would,” quoth his Grace, “have conferred +it to my lord of Rutland, he refused it also; and my lord of Norfolk +noted him a man of too much pusillanimity to have done us good +service in it, if he would have embraced an overture in it. And we +think,” quoth his Highness, “he would not advise us to continue in +it my lord of Northumberland. Now if we shall prefer none of these +three to that room, we would be glad,” quoth his Grace, “that my +lord of Norfolk shall name a nobleman that he thinketh meet for +that office. For gladly we would have such a one in store to appoint +it unto, if we should hereafter alter our device, which we be not yet +determined to do, nor shall apply to that sentence, till we have better +experiment what should enforce us unto.”<a id='r1276'></a><a href='#f1276' class='c012'><sup>[1276]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk could not, of course, name the “nobleman that he thinketh +meet for that office.” He had indicated the identity of that desirable +personage as plainly as possible. The King’s snub revealed to him +his mistake, and he remained silent for a considerable time, deep in +his multifarious duties in the north<a id='r1277'></a><a href='#f1277' class='c012'><sup>[1277]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 11 March Norfolk was at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, making the +final arrangements, as he thought, for bringing in the Border pledges<a id='r1278'></a><a href='#f1278' class='c012'><sup>[1278]</sup></a>. +Sir Anthony Browne, who was about to ride south, thought that +there would be little more trouble with Tynedale as certain men “of +good estimation” had undertaken to send pledges for all the inhabitants +except the murderers<a id='r1279'></a><a href='#f1279' class='c012'><sup>[1279]</sup></a>. Norfolk intended to return in +Easter week to see that his orders had been executed and to “hear +many poor men’s causes.”<a id='r1280'></a><a href='#f1280' class='c012'><sup>[1280]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>All that is known of the terms of Norfolk’s treaty with the men +of Tynedale may be gathered from the following letter, apparently +addressed to the Council of the Marches by the heads of the four +graynes<a id='r1281'></a><a href='#f1281' class='c012'><sup>[1281]</sup></a>:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Worshipful master, this is our answers being the heads men of Tynedale, it +is so that we were called before the Duke of Norfolk’s grace for such misorder as +we have done in the late rebellion within our sovereign lord’s realm, and there +was commanded to make restitution of the third part of all such goods as we had +by our oaths, and to find our felons given forth by the commissioners, and that +[<i>what</i>] we have not done we shall do. Also the said commissioners hath given +forth another decree, the which we may not bide marvelling what is the cause +thereof. This bill made the xvii day of March. Also all conditions made before +the Duke of Norfolk we will fulfil and do to the uttermost. Also if they be any +<span class='pageno' id='Page_238'>238</span>that be obstacle to do the same, we bind us by this our writing to had [<i>hold</i>] +him and forcify him. By us—</p> + +<div class='lg-container-r c014'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>Thomas Charlton</div> + <div class='line'>Gylbert Charlton</div> + <div class='line'>Gerret Charlton of Wark</div> + <div class='line'>Gerre Charlton of the Boure.</div> + <div class='line'>Umfray Mylborn</div> + <div class='line'>Rynyone Charlton</div> + <div class='line'>Henry Yarro</div> + <div class='line'>John Wilkinson</div> + <div class='line'>John Robson of the Pawston</div> + <div class='line'>Jaffray Robson</div> + <div class='line'>Arche Robson.</div> + <div class='line'>Henry Dode</div> + <div class='line'>Arche Dode”<a id='r1282'></a><a href='#f1282' class='c012'><sup>[1282]</sup></a></div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c011'>There was no trouble, at present, between England and Scotland. +The deputy wardens, who had nothing to do with internal justice, +could send in satisfactory reports. The East Marches were quiet. +On the Middle Marches Sir John Widdrington and the Scots officers +arranged for redress between Liddesdale, Tynedale and Reedsdale +according to the agreement made at the last Border meeting. The +King of Scots had sent special orders that this should be observed on +his side. Nevertheless there was a general feeling that war would +follow on James’ return from France<a id='r1283'></a><a href='#f1283' class='c012'><sup>[1283]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At Easter Norfolk returned to Northumberland, as he had intended. +He made a tour of inspection round the Border castles and +held a meeting with the Scots warden of the Middle Marches. +Norfolk was convinced by his demeanour that there was no immediate +intention of war<a id='r1284'></a><a href='#f1284' class='c012'><sup>[1284]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Duke was at Newcastle-upon-Tyne on 5 April, where he was +met by Sir John Widdrington, Sir William Evers, the Council of the +Marches and most of the gentlemen. He was much displeased with +the state of affairs. Tynedale and Reedsdale had made no restitution, +and were not likely to do so unless they could be constrained by +more effectual means than keeping their kinsmen in prison<a id='r1285'></a><a href='#f1285' class='c012'><sup>[1285]</sup></a>. Neither +dale would begin to make restitution before the other. In spite of +their thievings the borderers were miserably poor, and in some cases +they were in fact unable to restore even a part of what they had +stolen, for the cattle often went to supply a pressing lack of meat.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Some of the Reedsdale men had just raided Tynedale and harried +one of the Milburns. This was no doubt a surprise expedition, for +Tynedale could muster more spears than Reedsdale. The inhabitants +of the two valleys might fairly be said to eke out a precarious existence +by driving away each other’s cattle. A servant of the Carnabys +had been attacked. The mosstroopers scorned the garrison left +<span class='pageno' id='Page_239'>239</span>to protect him and burned his house to the ground. Sir John +Widdrington had nowhere to bestow the nine Reedsdale pledges +except in the decayed tower of Harbottle where “they cannot be +kept strong, ne yet hath any victual for them.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir William Evers had held two meetings with the Scots on the +East Marches, but no meeting had been held by the deputies of +either the Middle or the West Marches. If nothing more than this +were done, Norfolk thought the disorders would increase. He reported +the unsatisfactory state of affairs to the King on 7 April<a id='r1286'></a><a href='#f1286' class='c012'><sup>[1286]</sup></a>. +He did not mention his earlier scheme in the letter, but he sent a +verbal message that only a nobleman, armed with sufficient powers, +could hope to keep order; as for the name of anyone fit for the post, +“the King knows his nobles.”<a id='r1287'></a><a href='#f1287' class='c012'><sup>[1287]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Perhaps Norfolk was a little afraid of the effect which his sullen +message might produce, for on 12 April he wrote a hedging letter to +Cromwell. He thought that the Earl of Rutland would be the best +warden of the East and Middle Marches. Rutland was allied to all +the gentlemen of Northumberland, and also to the Earl of Westmorland. +He was a man who would listen to counsel, and as war +was threatened “it is perilous for a hasty, heady man to have the +rule of such people, for the Scots can train men to ambushments as +well as any man living.” This remark was aimed at Westmorland; +but nevertheless the Duke considered him the best man for the +wardenship, failing Rutland.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk had inquired of both my lord and my lady of Westmorland +why the Earl had refused the office, and found that it was for +the following reasons,—that the Earl’s servants had refused to serve +the King during the Pilgrimage, and he was busy dismissing them +by degrees; the Earl was not assured of the friendship of Robert +Bowes, whose influence was so great among Westmorland’s kinsmen +and allies that he feared it would outweigh his own; during the +rebellion the Earl had defended Sir Reynold Carnaby, and thereby +attracted to himself some of the hatred felt on all hands for Northumberland’s +favourite. Norfolk thought that these reasons were +good. As to Bowes he “is not only very much esteemed but is a +wise, hardy man and dare well enterprise a great matter.” The +King could not do better than attach him to his service by a valuable +grant. “Though I dare not speak assuredly of a man so lately +reconciled, yet if he may be assured he may be very useful.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the West Marches Norfolk put no faith in Sir Thomas +<span class='pageno' id='Page_240'>240</span>Wharton, who was suggested for the post of deputy warden. No +one could do such good service as Lord Dacre, but as he had +been heavily fined so lately it would not look well to restore his +office; people would say that the King was simply making everything +he could out of him. The Earl of Cumberland was the only +suitable person left; “but he must be brought to change his conditions +and not be so greedy to get money of his tenants.” Norfolk +declared that this was his final opinion, and begged the King to +keep it secret<a id='r1288'></a><a href='#f1288' class='c012'><sup>[1288]</sup></a>. Needless to say, the King did not change his plans, +nor was he deceived as to Norfolk’s real ambition.</p> + +<p class='c011'>About this time, the middle of April 1537, the rumours of an +approaching war with Scotland became alarming. In order to understand +their origin, it is necessary to trace the relations of England, +France and Scotland during the last five months.</p> + +<p class='c011'>James V, King of Scotland, was at Tournelles near Paris in +December 1536, preparing for his wedding with Francis I’s daughter +Madeleine<a id='r1289'></a><a href='#f1289' class='c012'><sup>[1289]</sup></a>. The French were pleased with his gentleness and Faenza, +the Papal Nuncio, with his devotion to the Holy See<a id='r1290'></a><a href='#f1290' class='c012'><sup>[1290]</sup></a>. To the English +ambassadors he was cold and distant, and Wallop described him, not +without malice, as a countrified youth. “His manner of using +himself by that we do perceive is after the northern fashion, as the +lords of those parts doth use themselves when they come first to +court, now looking over one shoulder, now over the other, with a +beck to one and a beck to another, and unto us nothing. He is a +right proper man after the northern fashion. His being here shall +do him much good, and to us little profit; for here he shall learn +many things.”<a id='r1291'></a><a href='#f1291' class='c012'><sup>[1291]</sup></a> It seems to have been the fashion at the English court +to talk of the Scots as if they were barbarians, but James probably +had his own reasons for seeming shy to the English ambassadors.</p> + +<p class='c011'>He spent much of his time practising for the jousts which +were to be held at his wedding<a id='r1292'></a><a href='#f1292' class='c012'><sup>[1292]</sup></a>. Francis showed him every +courtesy and when he entered Paris in state on 31 December +1536 the Court of Parliament went before him clad in red cloaks, +an honour not usually accorded to any but the King of France<a id='r1293'></a><a href='#f1293' class='c012'><sup>[1293]</sup></a>. +The marriage took place on New Year’s Day, with great magnificence, +and a proper display of sumptuous apparel, cloth of gold, +and precious stones. After the wedding was a banquet, and after +the banquet a mask and dancing. Next day there was jousting at +Tournelles. The King of Scots was a true sportsman, and appeared +<span class='pageno' id='Page_241'>241</span>at his wedding with a wound caused by “a great stroke with a spear +upon the left side of his head ... being a sore blemish in his face all +this triumphing time.”<a id='r1294'></a><a href='#f1294' class='c012'><sup>[1294]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>On 19 January 1536–7 Faenza wrote that there was good hope of +English affairs going well. The people stood firmly to their demands. +The King had received ambassadors from them graciously, which +showed that he must be aware of his own weakness. No doubt some +report of Aske’s reception at court had reached France. The Nuncio +suggested that Pole should be sent to England and that the Censures +should be published at once<a id='r1295'></a><a href='#f1295' class='c012'><sup>[1295]</sup></a>, but as soon as he received definite +orders to publish them he hung back<a id='r1296'></a><a href='#f1296' class='c012'><sup>[1296]</sup></a>. This made little difference, +however, as the time when they would have been useful had passed.</p> + +<p class='c011'>James V desired to return home through England, but he felt +some difficulty about requesting Henry’s hospitality. The King of +England had always opposed the French marriage, and James, to +avoid his remonstrances, had not consulted him on the subject. +Henry professed himself grieved and offended by this neglect<a id='r1297'></a><a href='#f1297' class='c012'><sup>[1297]</sup></a>. +Nevertheless James did not wish to take the long voyage home with +his young bride in the stormy season of the year, and as he was +anxious to return to Scotland, he ventured to make his request +through the French ambassador in England.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry was by no means inclined to do his nephew a favour. He +considered it very strange that the King of Scots should not make +the request in his own name. On 4 February the Privy Council +asked Norfolk’s advice on the subject<a id='r1298'></a><a href='#f1298' class='c012'><sup>[1298]</sup></a>. The Duke’s position was a +delicate one. James was possibly the future King of England. His +friendship would in any case be very valuable to the dictator of the +north. In spite of Henry’s obvious wishes Norfolk ventured to +consult his own future interests, and replied that it would do no +harm for James to pass through England, except on the score of +expense. It was probably Scots pride which prevented him from +writing to the King himself, and the peace and riches of England +could cause nothing but wholesome humiliation to one with “a very +enemy’s heart in his body.”<a id='r1299'></a><a href='#f1299' class='c012'><sup>[1299]</sup></a> But Henry determined to show his +nephew no courtesy. “The King’s honour is not to receive the King +of Scots into his realm unless he will come as his Grace’s vassal. +For there came never King of Scots into England in peaceable +<span class='pageno' id='Page_242'>242</span>manner but after that sort.” Henry enumerated all his grievances +against James, and concluded with the argument that the country +must appear peaceful and loyal to an enemy who was passing through +it, and to secure this appearance it might be necessary to make +concessions to the disaffected which would afterwards cause trouble. +James’ overtures met with no response, and he was obliged to face +the sea voyage<a id='r1300'></a><a href='#f1300' class='c012'><sup>[1300]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This affair did not improve the relations between the two countries. +James became more gracious than ever to the Papal Nuncio at +Paris. He was ready to further the Pope’s plan of reconciling +Francis and Charles, and he cherished the splendid dream of all +young kings, that he would go in person to fight against the +infidels. The Scots disliked Henry’s policy and his person. They +saw that his growing despotism was a menace to Scotland. David +Beaton, the Abbot of Arbroath and Keeper of the Privy Seal, was +willing, if the Pope desired it, to send the Censures secretly into +England and cause them to be published suddenly when Henry VIII +was in the north<a id='r1301'></a><a href='#f1301' class='c012'><sup>[1301]</sup></a>. It is impossible to say what the effect of this +bold scheme would have been, but the Papal court had not sufficient +energy to take it up, and Henry did not travel north after all at this +time.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Pope sent James V a consecrated cap and sword, as a special +token of his favour, together with an exhortation against heresy<a id='r1302'></a><a href='#f1302' class='c012'><sup>[1302]</sup></a>. +The King of Scots was pleased and stirred by the symbol. “With +as many words as he can say in French, [he] again thanks his Holiness +for the sword. I know it has touched his heart and tomorrow +morning the ceremony [of presentation] shall be,” wrote the Papal +Nuncio on 18 February<a id='r1303'></a><a href='#f1303' class='c012'><sup>[1303]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 8 March the King and Queen of Scots took leave of Francis +at Compiègne and went to Rouen, whence they were to sail<a id='r1304'></a><a href='#f1304' class='c012'><sup>[1304]</sup></a>. They +waited there for nearly two months before they embarked. The +young Queen was consumptive and could not well bear the voyage, +which was therefore delayed until a more favourable time of year. +James distrusted Henry’s intentions. The English ships held command +of the sea and before now a King of Scotland had been captured +on his voyage and carried prisoner to London. Rumour said that +there were ten armed English ships on the coast and ten more in +Flanders, and though James had fourteen ships of his own and eight +<span class='pageno' id='Page_243'>243</span>lent for the voyage by Francis, he feared that Henry might begin +hostilities by an attack on his fleet.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry, however, was not on such good terms with the Emperor +as Francis imagined, and was not disposed for war. Though relations +were strained between France and England, neither was prepared to +fight<a id='r1305'></a><a href='#f1305' class='c012'><sup>[1305]</sup></a>. The war with the Emperor kept Francis busy, and Henry +needed time to recover after the late crisis in England. James had +no intention of attacking England without his father-in-law’s support. +Nevertheless the news that he was bringing home his French bride +raised a general expectation of war with Scotland.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At a friend’s house in West Malling, Kent, James Fredewell +a priest, was playing at tables with Adam Lewes, the schoolmaster, +one day in April 1537. The priest asked a man who was going to +London to buy him a book. Lewes asked if he would buy the New +Testament, but Fredewell replied he wished all the Testaments in +English were burnt.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“What! will ye burn the Gospel of Christ and the word of God?” +said the schoolmaster.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Tush!” quoth the priest, “I will buy me a portresse to say my +service on, as I was wont to do.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>They finished their game and went to John Doomright’s shop, +where a pile of Acts of Parliament lay, concerning artillery, dress +and unlawful games. Lewes remarked that he hoped they would be +better enforced when the King had finished with the work in hand.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Yea,” said Fredewell, “the King is like to have more to do yet.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Why so?” said the shop-keeper, “his Grace hath overcome his +enemies of the north, for they hang at their own doors.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“What then?” returned the priest, “there is another bird abreeding +that came not forth yet which will come forth before midsummer, +that the King had never such since he was King of England.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Being asked what he meant, he told them that the Emperor had +given the King Flanders, but if Henry took the Emperor’s part, both +the King of France and the King of Scots would be on his neck, and +Francis had made James Admiral of the sea. The schoolmaster +declared that they could do little hurt; but if the King made war +beyond the sea he would do well to cut off the priests’ heads first or +they would betray him. Fredewell retorted that that was easier +said than done. Lewes went away and another priest called Cuthbert +came into the shop. He picked up an English Testament and said +he was an evil man who translated it, or the Emperor would not have +<span class='pageno' id='Page_244'>244</span>burnt him. The shop-keeper asked if no good men were ever put to +death by the Bishop of Rome. “Yes,” said Fredewell, “there were +some put to death within this two year that was as good livers and +as faithful as be now alive.” Cuthbert said that the Bishop of Rome +never put good men to death, and the two priests left the shop +discussing whether it were lawful for priests to marry<a id='r1306'></a><a href='#f1306' class='c012'><sup>[1306]</sup></a>. Fredewell +probably meant the Pilgrims when he spoke of the faithful who were +put to death.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At Whitsuntide a citizen of Leicester, who had been making a +circuit of pilgrimages in the north of England and Scotland, reported +the rumours which he had heard by the way. In Edinburgh it was +said that King James would make war on England for “the Seven +Sheriffdoms” unless the King of England would give them to him +freely, and that James had proclaimed himself Duke of York and +Prince of Wales. There were said to be 15,000 Englishmen in Scotland, +fugitives who had fled from Norfolk. Two of them were pointed +out to the pilgrim in Edinburgh; one was a gentleman wearing a +black velvet coat, and yet it was said that he had been but a poor +man in England. The other, a priest, was now a canon in a house of +religion near Holyrood. These Englishmen had promised to be in +the van of an invasion of England, and to raise all Northumberland<a id='r1307'></a><a href='#f1307' class='c012'><sup>[1307]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Scots rhymes, prophecies and ballads aimed against Henry spread +into England from time to time. An instance of this came to light +at Royston, Hertford. The story is painful and rather perplexing. +Robert Dalyvell of Royston went to Scotland “to learn the cunning +in the craft of a saddler” about April 1535. He lived in Edinburgh +with a saddler for about eight weeks and heard many Scots, both +light persons and men of reputation, say that their king should be +crowned King of England in London before midsummer three years +later, i.e. 1538. They had read this in books of prophecy. Dalyvell +returned to England and wandered about the north, working for a +few weeks at York, Gateshead and Chester-le-Street; at the last +place he heard several Scots say that their king was worthy to be +king of England, and next in blood. He told them they were false +traitors and their master rebuked them. Dalyvell went back to +Edinburgh and “the Scots that railed before read the prophecies of +Merlin in his hearing.” He returned home to Royston in 1537 and +“on Tuesday night after Palm Sunday at midnight, his wife being +asleep” an angel appeared to him, saying, “Arise, and show your +<span class='pageno' id='Page_245'>245</span>prince that the Scots would never be true to him.” The next night +he had the same vision, but he did not obey it.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 11 June 1537 Dalyvell told a serving-man in the stable of +the Greyhound, Royston, some of the prophecies which he had heard +from the Scots, that if the King did not amend he should not live a +month after the feast of the Nativity of St John the Baptist 1538, +and that before that day a horse worth 10<i>s.</i> “shall be able to bear all +the noble blood of England.”<a id='r1308'></a><a href='#f1308' class='c012'><sup>[1308]</sup></a> Whether the serving-man reported the +matter, or whether Dalyvell himself confessed in a panic does not +appear, but he was examined by seven magistrates and admitted the +words<a id='r1309'></a><a href='#f1309' class='c012'><sup>[1309]</sup></a>. He was sent to London and made a fuller statement next +day. It is difficult to see why so much importance was attached to the +story of a poor man who seems to have been half-witted. Perhaps +Cromwell hoped to get hold of some Scots spies by his means; and +he endeavoured to make Dalyvell accuse priests. Though he was +racked and cross-examined the prisoner had only one story to tell, +and declared that of all the religious men he had known not one had +spoken of prophecies even in confession<a id='r1310'></a><a href='#f1310' class='c012'><sup>[1310]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>That Henry himself was anxious about James’ intentions is shown +by the matters treated in the Privy Council on 3 April 1537. It +was decided that Calais, Carlisle, and Berwick must be victualled +and prepared for defence. The English navy must be in readiness +for immediate service. The commission of the peace must be purged +of all but “men of worship and wisdom meet for the same”; and +letters must be sent to all justices to keep special watch for seditious +persons; as a further precaution certain of the nobles would be +ordered to live in their own counties for a time.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Pope was trying to reconcile the Emperor and Francis in +order that all three might attack England; the King must contrive +to have one friend at least, and as alliances were generally concluded +by a marriage, the King’s two daughters, though illegitimate, must +have such provision made for them that their hands would be accepted +by foreign princes. The Queen was pregnant, but still it was +expedient that one of the King’s daughters should be declared legitimate +“to take away the remainder hanging upon the King of Scots,” +who might be tempted by the French to bring forward his claim<a id='r1311'></a><a href='#f1311' class='c012'><sup>[1311]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Meanwhile the Border was alive with rumours of war. No one +had yet been appointed deputy warden of the West Marches, but +Sir John Lowther, the Earl of Cumberland’s deputy captain at +<span class='pageno' id='Page_246'>246</span>Carlisle, was doing the work. Hearing a rumour on Easter Eve +[31 March 1537] that the Scots were mustering, Lowther sent +Edward Story the warden-serjeant with a letter to Lord Maxwell +the Scots warden, in order that Story might pick up news by the +way. Story talked for a long time with Maxwell, who told him that +general musters had been proclaimed in every borough town in +Scotland. Each man was expected to appear with “a jack of plate, +a steel bonnet and splints, and a spear six ells long, and all who can, +a horse.” The King of Scots was expected at any time; he was +waiting for a fair wind and he hoped “to escape the ships of the +sea.” Maxwell declared that if the King had been at home during +the rebellion he would “have kept his house in Carlisle before this.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lowther forwarded this news to the Earl of Cumberland on +6 April, and reminded him that Maxwell’s boast might well be true, +for neither the city nor the castle was strong, and he lacked ordnance, +powder and gunners<a id='r1312'></a><a href='#f1312' class='c012'><sup>[1312]</sup></a>. The Earl received the letter at Skipton, +and sent on the warning to the King. He thought that a Scots +general would attack either Berwick or Carlisle, and he dwelt upon +the weakness of the latter<a id='r1313'></a><a href='#f1313' class='c012'><sup>[1313]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In February Henry had sent a request to the Regents of Scotland +by Ralph Sadler that rebels flying from the Duke of Norfolk’s justice +might be carefully returned to England. He received a flowery +answer from the Scots Council, promising all that he asked<a id='r1314'></a><a href='#f1314' class='c012'><sup>[1314]</sup></a>; but +though the Scots wardens were charged not to harbour English +fugitives<a id='r1315'></a><a href='#f1315' class='c012'><sup>[1315]</sup></a>, they were not expected to take their orders seriously, and +such of the Pilgrims as escaped across the Border were safe.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 7 April Norfolk at Newcastle-upon-Tyne wrote to inform the +Regents that John Charleton, Rinian Charleton and John Dod, the +slayers of Roger Fenwick, were being sheltered at Jedburgh Abbey. +He demanded that they should be arrested and delivered to the +English wardens<a id='r1316'></a><a href='#f1316' class='c012'><sup>[1316]</sup></a>. Henry Ray, Berwick Pursuivant, a very important +personage on the Borders, carried the letter. He was given +no credence, but he was instructed to enlarge upon the peace, contentment, +prosperity and riches of England to the Regents and all +other Scots. On his way he was to find out all he could as to whether +the people wished for war, how the new taxes were taken, and why +some of the lords had gone with a large company into Fife.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 9 April Berwick Pursuivant arrived at Edinburgh and dined +<span class='pageno' id='Page_247'>247</span>with the Bishop of Aberdeen, who was Treasurer of Scotland. The +Bishop made enquiries about the insurrection in England. Ray +replied that the realm was never in better order than it was at +present. The Treasurer said, “That is very well, but ye have put +down many good Christian men.” Ray admitted that they were +Christian men, but if they had been good men they would not have +been put down,—“I trow, my lord, we are as good Christian men as +any in the world.” The Treasurer replied, “Ye that are poor men +are good, but the heads are worst; for if ye English men be so good, +then is France, Italy and many other countries clearly deceived.” +Adam Otterburn, a member of the Scots Council who was dining +with them, asked what ships were set on the sea. Ray answered +that he knew of none. He gave them the English news according +to his instructions. The Treasurer said that he was very glad to +hear of so much peace and rejoicing, and that he would pray for the +King of England and all the realm, “that ye may be good men.” +Ray retorted, “Ye can not, my lord, so soon begin your prayer, but +it is had, for we are good already.” He asked why the Scots Borderers +were so sure that there would be war when their King came +home. The Treasurer merely said that it would not be Scotland’s +fault if there were a war.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This humourous hostility, half hidden by a jest, was one sign of +the national feeling which watched Henry’s despotism with such +jealousy. On his return Ray reported that the commons of Scotland +were greatly roused against England, because they believed that +English ships had been sent to take their King on his homeward +voyage, and that Henry and the Emperor were in league to attack +France. If that happened, they said, they would take the French +King’s part. They called the English heretics, and were more +inclined to war than peace. The new money was paid already, +without any rebellion. Lord Maxwell was the only lord who had +gone beyond Fife, but for what purpose Ray could not find out. +When Ray spoke of the King of England’s power and riches “they +say (and in my judgment verily think) they are able to withstand +us or any other. And they marvel that my lord of Norfolk lieth +in the north parts so long, fearing that his delay and the sailing of +the King’s ships means some mischief to them.”<a id='r1317'></a><a href='#f1317' class='c012'><sup>[1317]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Ray brought back a letter, dated at Glasgow 11 April, from the +Chancellor of Scotland to Norfolk. The Chancellor acknowledged +Norfolk’s letter in the name of the Regents. He could scarcely +<span class='pageno' id='Page_248'>248</span>believe that their strict orders against the receipt of fugitives had +been disobeyed, but if Norfolk would give them time to make +inquiries, anyone found in fault should be sharply punished<a id='r1318'></a><a href='#f1318' class='c012'><sup>[1318]</sup></a>. The +pursuivant reached Sheriffhutton Castle, where Norfolk had taken +up his residence, on 17 April. The Chancellor’s letter and the +report were forwarded to Cromwell. Norfolk sent Ray back to +Scotland to pick up some more news<a id='r1319'></a><a href='#f1319' class='c012'><sup>[1319]</sup></a>. It was generally believed +that there would be war. For example, Sir Thomas Clifford, the +captain of Berwick, was in London. One of his servants wrote from +Berwick to tell him that the Mayor and townsmen begged him to +show their needs to the King and the Privy Council, as war appeared +to be imminent and they were not prepared for a siege<a id='r1320'></a><a href='#f1320' class='c012'><sup>[1320]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The urgent reminders of the Border captains were not unheeded. +The King was as anxious as they to secure his frontiers. On 13 April +lists were drawn up of the northern fortresses, classified according to +whether they required repair or were defensible. Sir George Lawson, +the Treasurer of Berwick, received orders to victual the town. On +18 April he wrote to Cromwell to ask for more explicit instructions, +and for more money, as he had not nearly so much as Cromwell +expected<a id='r1321'></a><a href='#f1321' class='c012'><sup>[1321]</sup></a>. Norfolk gave Cumberland similar orders for the victualling +of Carlisle, and the Earl sent a similar plaint to headquarters. The +country was almost desolated by the recent risings, and food of all +sorts was very difficult to procure. At Carlisle there was the old +story of lack of guns and men, which he had repeated times out of +number<a id='r1322'></a><a href='#f1322' class='c012'><sup>[1322]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk had now taken up his quarters at Sheriffhutton Castle, +which he left only to hold assizes or suppress a monastery. He had +the chief pledges of Tynedale and Reedsdale in his hands, and hoped +by their means to be able to extort restitution from their kinsfolk. +He was troubled about the matter, for the honest subjects who had +been harried demanded a great deal, and the raiders possessed very +little<a id='r1323'></a><a href='#f1323' class='c012'><sup>[1323]</sup></a>. The ravages of the Scots did not improve the honest men’s +chances of compensation. In April there were several Scots raids on +both the East and the West Marches, and Lord Maxwell would not +appoint a date for redress. In point of fact both the English and the +Scots wardens were convinced that war would break out in a few +weeks; and they thought it useless to make appointments that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_249'>249</span>would not be kept and to administer law in a district which might +any day be plunged into anarchy<a id='r1324'></a><a href='#f1324' class='c012'><sup>[1324]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lowther’s spies brought him word that James V was expected +daily. All the ships on the west coast had gone out to meet him<a id='r1325'></a><a href='#f1325' class='c012'><sup>[1325]</sup></a>. +In all Scotland the common bruit was that there would be war when +the King came home<a id='r1326'></a><a href='#f1326' class='c012'><sup>[1326]</sup></a>. Great preparations were made for his reception. +He was expected on May Day, for at length the wind was in +his favour. Lowther wrote to Cumberland that provision could +hardly be made for Carlisle in time, “for either now war of Scotland +when the King’s purse is full of the French gold, or never.” He +cheerfully added that if corn were sent to Carlisle there was no mill +in the castle to grind it, and if they obtained good ordnance, there +was no one who could shoot guns. He had sent a spy to Edinburgh +to bring news of James’ arrival. This letter was sent on St Mark’s +Day, 25 April<a id='r1327'></a><a href='#f1327' class='c012'><sup>[1327]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Amid the rising excitement Norfolk was calm. He understood +the situation better than the gentlemen of the Marches, who were +soldiers, but not statesmen. He knew that peace or war depended +on Francis I, and that England was not on such terms with France +as to cause immediate alarm. Still, he thought it well to be prepared. +He had such good espial in Scotland that no move could be +made without his knowledge. Berwick Pursuivant reached Edinburgh +on his second mission on 23 April. He carried to the +Chancellor another letter which demanded the delivery of English +rebels. The Scots Council was heartily tired of these demands. When +Ray appeared before them he was asked, “What is the cause ye send +your friars to us?” He replied, “We send none, we had liever keep +them ourself.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“If they tarried with you, ye had made martyrs of them.” “Nay,” +interposed the Chancellor, “but patriarchs.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 25 April Ray waited on the Bishop of Aberdeen to give him +Norfolk’s thanks for a present of hawks. In answer to the Bishop’s +promise that he would pray that the King and all England might be +made good men, Norfolk sent the message that in no country was +God better served, and that the Bishop of Rome had no authority +out of his own diocese. The Treasurer replied that he felt no grudge +towards England for that matter, “but for the cruelness of you that +put down your own poor commons.”<a id='r1328'></a><a href='#f1328' class='c012'><sup>[1328]</sup></a> Ray brought back to Norfolk +<span class='pageno' id='Page_250'>250</span>a reply from the Chancellor which again promised that the cases +which he mentioned should be investigated<a id='r1329'></a><a href='#f1329' class='c012'><sup>[1329]</sup></a>, and a secret message +from the Queen Mother that no lord in Scotland would give the +King her son counsel friendly to England<a id='r1330'></a><a href='#f1330' class='c012'><sup>[1330]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 2 May Henry sent a gracious letter of thanks to Norfolk for +his services in the north. The King still intended to make a royal +progress to York, where he would declare a general pardon, with +only a few exceptions. He would see about paying Norfolk’s expenses, +though “to be plain with you we think that divers of the gentlemen ... +might well have served us better cheap, for some part of a recompense +of their former offences.... We do accept in good part the +declaration of your opinion touching the Marches. Nevertheless we +doubt not but you will both conform your own mind to find out the +good of that order which we have therein determined, and cause +other by your good mean to perceive the same.” Finally money had +been sent for the victualling of Berwick and Carlisle<a id='r1331'></a><a href='#f1331' class='c012'><sup>[1331]</sup></a>. Berwick was +now in process of being put into a thoroughly defensible condition<a id='r1332'></a><a href='#f1332' class='c012'><sup>[1332]</sup></a>. +The other Border fortresses were constantly in the King’s mind, and +suggestions on the subject were often laid before the Privy Council, +but they seem to have had no immediate effect<a id='r1333'></a><a href='#f1333' class='c012'><sup>[1333]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At this time Norfolk was vainly petitioning the King for leave to +come to court. On 9 May he excused his repeated requests. He +explained that his character was being attacked in his absence. He +mentioned the rumours that he had encouraged the rebels<a id='r1334'></a><a href='#f1334' class='c012'><sup>[1334]</sup></a>. It was +said that he had sent for his son, the Earl of Surrey, to instruct him +in northern affairs in order that he might presently take his father’s +place. Norfolk protested that all these tales were false. He had +never encouraged the rebels. He had sent for his son partly because +he had hoped the King would give him leave to come south for a +short time, and he could not have kept his retinue in the north +without Surrey; and partly because “in truth I love him better +than all my children, and would have gladly had him here to hunt, +shoot, play cards, and entertain my servants, so that they should be +less desirous of leave to go home to their wives.” Norfolk besought +the King, if he thought him a true man, to allow him to come up +and answer his enemies<a id='r1335'></a><a href='#f1335' class='c012'><sup>[1335]</sup></a>. He protested that if he had not been on +the King’s service not all the Earl of Northumberland’s lands would +<span class='pageno' id='Page_251'>251</span>have kept him so long in the north<a id='r1336'></a><a href='#f1336' class='c012'><sup>[1336]</sup></a>. If he stayed much after +Michaelmas, he thought it would cost him his life. He had also +many private reasons to justify his wish to return to London<a id='r1337'></a><a href='#f1337' class='c012'><sup>[1337]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry replied on 13 May that he had heard none of the slanders +to which Norfolk referred; if he had, he would have mentioned them +to the Duke. “You know our nature is too frank to retain any +such thing from him that we love and trust.” Norfolk must not +credit all the light tales that reached his ears. He could not be +spared from the north until after the King’s progress, which would +shortly take place. Henry hoped that the Duke would settle all +disputes, so that he might not be troubled with petitions. The tone +of the King’s letter was friendly, but, though he declared himself +assured that Norfolk had not sent for Surrey for “any purpose not +to our good contentment,” yet he pointed out that as the Duke had +summoned his son without consulting the King, it gave an occasion +for people to think evil, which might have been avoided<a id='r1338'></a><a href='#f1338' class='c012'><sup>[1338]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In fact Norfolk protested too much about Surrey. The cautious +old nobleman believed that he had recovered after his first false step, +and was beginning once more to feel his way towards the object of +his ambition, the dictatorship of the north. It was the dream of +many powerful men to hold the place there which the Percys alone +had held. Norfolk had declared that a nobleman must rule there—that +this man must have the joint powers of Warden of all the +Marches and Lieutenant of the North. Then he held off and suggested +that the Earl of Cumberland should have the West Marches +and the Earl of Rutland the Middle and East. Norfolk did not +suggest anyone to fill the great office his imagination had summoned +up; he intimated that it would not become him to suggest the obvious +man. In fact all his letters were full of his hatred of the north, +and his fear that the climate would be the death of him. “For +all the lands the Earl of Northumberland hath and had” he would +not tarry there after Michaelmas<a id='r1339'></a><a href='#f1339' class='c012'><sup>[1339]</sup></a>. “All the Earl of Northumberland’s +land,”—at that time they become a refrain in Norfolk’s letters, +the refrain of his ambition. He kept a careful eye on the dying +Earl’s extravagances. If the Earl wished to sell wood, Norfolk +saved the Percy forests from the axe<a id='r1340'></a><a href='#f1340' class='c012'><sup>[1340]</sup></a>. Northumberland was giving +away his goods and houses, even the bricks of Wressell Castle, +perhaps in a vindictive effort to save something from the King. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_252'>252</span>Norfolk reported this to Cromwell and declared that it must be +stopped<a id='r1341'></a><a href='#f1341' class='c012'><sup>[1341]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At the same time the Duke suggested that the household stuff of +Jervaux and Bridlington, and of Darcy, Sir Robert Constable, and +Sir John Bulmer, should be stored in the King’s wardrobe at Sheriffhutton +Castle, for the use of the Council of the North, or of any +nobleman whom the King might send to those parts. If the goods +were sold he said that the King would not receive a third of their +value<a id='r1342'></a><a href='#f1342' class='c012'><sup>[1342]</sup></a>. This is another sign of the way his thoughts were tending. +Later he wrote that Cromwell would marvel if he knew how often +Norfolk had been urged by the northern gentlemen to ask for some +of Northumberland’s lands and to settle down among them. But he +was determined never again to cross the Trent northwards, unless he +were with the King, or marching against the King’s enemies<a id='r1343'></a><a href='#f1343' class='c012'><sup>[1343]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Clearer hints were never dropped. Norfolk loathed the north,—but +if the King made it worth his while, very well worth his while, +he was the nobleman who would be lieutenant and warden at once. +Henry must have laughed with Cromwell over Norfolk’s palpable +ambition. The King had fairly rid himself of the Percys, and he +would never put a Howard or any other nobleman in their place. +Without a considerable grant of land, Norfolk could not turn to +advantage the influence which he thought he possessed in the north; +nor was his fear or favour there so great as to enable him to take the +Percys’ place, even though he held their lands. He had deceived +the northern men, and they were not likely to forget all that they +owed to “this false duke.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Howards had no ancient connection with the north; their +influence began at Flodden and might well have ended at Doncaster, +if fate had not been contrary. The Percys had been surrounded by +all the splendour of hereditary right and traditional leadership; they +had made the north famous, and a hundred tales gave them a place +in the hearts of the people. Now the great house was represented +by the old Countess who outlived all her sons, and by Sir Thomas +Percy’s two little boys. Fallen though it seemed, the house of +Howard could not take its place; nor did the White Lion ever put +down the Blue. The Dacres might have filled the place of the greatest +lords in the north, but after years of true service on the Borders the +King and the Clifford feud had left Lord Dacre a ruined man. Henry +had little to fear from the Earl of Cumberland, because of his many +<span class='pageno' id='Page_253'>253</span>feuds and the hatred of his own tenants. As to the Earl of Westmorland, +he was one of the few noblemen who cared less for place and +power than for a quiet life and a safe head. Norfolk was allowed to +imagine that he was winning the north for himself when he was really +buying service for the King. No doubt Henry thought that the +illusion did no harm and might make him work better.</p> + +<p class='c011'>James V of Scotland had at last embarked on his homeward +voyage. It was a long and slow one. About six o’clock on the +evening of Tuesday 15 May his ships lay at anchor off Scarborough. +Norfolk wrote to Cromwell: “If God would have sent such good +fortune, that he might have landed in these parts, I would so honestly +have handled him that he should have drunk of my wine at Sheriffhutton, +and the Queen also, before his return to Scotland.”<a id='r1344'></a><a href='#f1344' class='c012'><sup>[1344]</sup></a> There +is a sinister ring in the words. Kings of Scotland were not so often +guests as prisoners in the King of England’s castles.</p> + +<p class='c011'>If Norfolk had tried the experiment, he might have found +unexpected difficulty in taking James. A party went ashore from +the King’s fleet to buy victuals in Scarborough, and several boats +put out to James’ ship. To one Englishman James said: “Ye +Englishmen have let me of my return; an if ye had not been, +I had been at home forty days past. But now I am here and will be +shortly at home, whoso saith nay.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>A party of twelve English fishermen came to speak with the +King of Scots. On coming into his presence, they fell on their +knees and “thanked God of his healthful and sound repair, showing +how they had long looked for him, and how they were oppressed, +slain and murdered, desiring him for God’s sake to come in, and he +should have all.” To this pass had Norfolk’s pacification brought +the northern men, who had hitherto hated the Scots worse than the +devil. James was a good deal troubled by this offer from his uncle’s +subjects. He refused to speak to a gentleman who came aboard, +lest the man should say the same thing.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Presently the fleet sailed from Scarborough with so light a wind +that Norfolk thought they might make Aberdeen, but not the Forth. +At Whitburn, near Tynemouth, James cast anchor again, and ten +Englishmen came to him with the same complaints, “promising +plainly that if the said King of Scots would take upon him to come +in all should be his.”<a id='r1345'></a><a href='#f1345' class='c012'><sup>[1345]</sup></a> One or two boats went ashore and a party of +Frenchmen and Scots landed. With them was an Englishman, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_254'>254</span>James Crane, who was in the service of the French Vice-Admiral. +He was really one of Cromwell’s spies, but he probably passed as a +refugee. With his companions he met the priest of the parish, and +asked what news there was in England. The priest replied, “Ill +news, for they kill and hang up men in this country.” Crane seems +to have abused the King of England, to lead the unsuspecting +priest into further conversation. He asked where the Duke of +Norfolk lay, and the priest said either at Sheriffhutton or at York; +he added that the Duke dealt so cruelly with the north parts that +he wished Norfolk were hanged on one side of a tree and Cromwell +on the other. If the King of Scots had come home five months +sooner and had entered England, the priest declared that he would +have helped to carry him in triumph to London. As they talked +by the seaside, he pointed out the lie of the coast: “Lo, here is as +good and as ready landing for men as any place in England.”<a id='r1346'></a><a href='#f1346' class='c012'><sup>[1346]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>On 18 May eleven of James’ ships were sighted from Berwick. +They lay becalmed in sight of the town from noon that day until the +morning of the 19th. A party from one of the vessels landed at +Alnmouth, and the Queen’s gentleman usher rode on to Edinburgh +to prepare for the royal reception. Sir Thomas Clifford kept good +watch while the King of Scots lay so near, and sent out horsemen +during the night to see if any man came ashore<a id='r1347'></a><a href='#f1347' class='c012'><sup>[1347]</sup></a>. James must have +been moved by the petition of the English fishermen. When his +ship drew to the northwards of Berwick, he looked back upon the +town and said to the gentlemen in attendance on him, “if he lived +one year he should himself break a spear on one Englishman’s +breast.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Berwick Pursuivant was again on mission to Scotland. He saw +the King and Queen land at Leith haven at ten o’clock on Whitsun +Eve, 19 May 1537. The Vice-Admiral of France and the Bishop of +Limoges were the only great men with him. His fleet consisted of +ten great ships of France and four Scots ships. On Whit Monday +the King and Queen made their entry into Edinburgh “and took +their lodging in the Abbey of Holyrood House.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>In Edinburgh Berwick Pursuivant met James Crane, the English +spy in the French Vice-Admiral’s service. Crane, seeing by the +arms of England “in a box upon his breast” that Ray was an +Englishman, took him aside to talk to him. He asked Ray to carry +credence to Ralph Sadler “upon a token that when the said Ralph +<span class='pageno' id='Page_255'>255</span>Sadler was in France, he did inquire for the said James at his own +house in Rouen.” The credence was an account of the voyage, +especially of the two embassies of English fishermen and peasants +who had spoken with James. All the French ships were going home, +except the <i>Salamander</i>, which was a present from Francis to his +son-in-law. Crane was obliged to go with his master, though he +would have “given £20 on the condition that he might himself +come through your Highness’ realm to show further his mind in the +premisses.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Ray reported this to Sir Thomas Clifford at Berwick, and on +26 May the account was sent on to the King<a id='r1348'></a><a href='#f1348' class='c012'><sup>[1348]</sup></a>. By this time all the +French ships had passed Berwick on their homeward voyage<a id='r1349'></a><a href='#f1349' class='c012'><sup>[1349]</sup></a>. +Norfolk called Crane’s story “some lies out of Scotland,” and assured +Cromwell that it was totally false, for he himself had been at Bridlington +the day after James passed, and had examined the only +Englishman on the coast who had spoken to the Scots King<a id='r1350'></a><a href='#f1350' class='c012'><sup>[1350]</sup></a>. +Norfolk was anxious to discredit the report, as he had been insisting +for some time past that the north was reduced to perfect obedience +and loyalty. Sir John Neville wrote that all the people rejoiced that +the King and Cromwell were coming to the north. It was a pity +that Richard Cromwell was not there to hear them talk; no men +ever repented so sorely as they did<a id='r1351'></a><a href='#f1351' class='c012'><sup>[1351]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>With his usual prudence Cromwell paid more heed to the foul +than the fair reports. In spite of Norfolk’s scepticism Crane was +summoned from France, and sent on 20 July to Norfolk at Sheriffhutton<a id='r1352'></a><a href='#f1352' class='c012'><sup>[1352]</sup></a>. +The Duke still made light of his story, as his geography +had been much confused by the long voyage. He described a place +which he said lay to the south of Scarborough, but no one could +recognise it, and he could not give the names of the “false knaves” +who had spoken to James<a id='r1353'></a><a href='#f1353' class='c012'><sup>[1353]</sup></a>. To settle the matter Norfolk sent him +with a sure, wise and secret gentleman to ride all along the north +coast from Flamborough to Tynemouth in order to see if Crane could +recognise the place. His description of it was that the church +steeple was a sea-mark, that the church was dedicated to St Andrew, +and that the vicar was one of the King’s chaplains; it was with his +parish priest that Crane had held the seditious conversation. When +Crane and his companion came in sight of Whitburn, Crane declared +that that was the steeple. On inquiry the wise gentleman learned +<span class='pageno' id='Page_256'>256</span>that the church was dedicated to St Andrew and that the vicar was +Dr Marshall, one of the King’s chaplains. Norfolk was obliged to +admit that there might be truth in Crane’s story<a id='r1354'></a><a href='#f1354' class='c012'><sup>[1354]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Crane could not say where the fishermen lived, and he did not +know their names, but he described the leader of the party as a +mariner with black hair and a weather-beaten countenance<a id='r1355'></a><a href='#f1355' class='c012'><sup>[1355]</sup></a>. The +priest of Whitburn, Robert Hodge, was examined by Norfolk and +his council. He confessed his words, but declared that Dr Marshall +had never spoken sedition and often preached against the Pope<a id='r1356'></a><a href='#f1356' class='c012'><sup>[1356]</sup></a>. +Norfolk sent Sir Thomas Hilton, the sheriff of Durham, to discover +those who had been aboard the French Admiral’s ship, and to arrest +the leader of the party, if he had not gone to Shetland for the fishing<a id='r1357'></a><a href='#f1357' class='c012'><sup>[1357]</sup></a>. +James Crane was given a pardon and leave to return to France<a id='r1358'></a><a href='#f1358' class='c012'><sup>[1358]</sup></a>. +On 22 September Robert Hodge and two unnamed mariners, one of +whom was the leader of the fishermen, were hanged in chains at +Newcastle-upon-Tyne<a id='r1359'></a><a href='#f1359' class='c012'><sup>[1359]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In order to prevent James’ interviews with the discontented +peasants from raising false hopes in Scotland, Henry sent Ralph +Sadler as ambassador to James with professions of friendship and +instructions to urge the King of Scots to follow his lead by throwing +off the Pope and confiscating Church property<a id='r1360'></a><a href='#f1360' class='c012'><sup>[1360]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>All this while the Duke of Norfolk had been gradually going +through an immense amount of law-work. A great many people had +been plundered or had lost their goods during the rebellion. Most +of them must have been poor men, for little or nothing can be learnt +about their wrongs. If any full account of Norfolk’s proceedings for +redress remained, it would contain many local details of the Pilgrimage. +On 18 May he wrote to Gardiner and Sir Francis Brian, who +were on an embassy in France, with some natural self-satisfaction:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“This country, thanked be God, is, I think, at this hour in as good obedience +as any part of the realm and of such sort that of late at my coming hither I had +not thought possible it should of long time have been brought to so good pass. +There was marvellous spoils at the time of the insurrection through all these +countries and divided in thousands of men’s hands; and yet such restitution +made that at this day there is very few that is not agreed withal, and the parties +satisfied. It should be a very unreasonable thing that I would command to be +done here that should not be shortly accomplished in all my Lieutenancy; save +<span class='pageno' id='Page_257'>257</span>only in Tynedale and Reedsdale, of whom I have ten pledges at Sheriffhutton +which lie upon their lives if their country men do not well. Finally I pray God +send us three grace merrily to meet this winter at London.”<a id='r1361'></a><a href='#f1361' class='c012'><sup>[1361]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>There are details of two cases of spoil and restitution, but as they +both concern rich men, they are probably not characteristic of the +rest. The first concerned the plundering of Blythman’s house at +York, and has already been described<a id='r1362'></a><a href='#f1362' class='c012'><sup>[1362]</sup></a>. The second was the case of +Robert Holdsworth, vicar of Halifax; his vicarage was appropriated +by the rebels, his goods carried off by his enemies the Tempests, and +his hidden pot of gold was found by Thomas Lacy<a id='r1363'></a><a href='#f1363' class='c012'><sup>[1363]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>During the first week of Lent 1536–7 Thomas Lacy went to confession. +He told his ghostly father how he had found the money +and asked what he should do with it. The confessor advised him to +keep it until after Low Sunday [8 April]. Two or three days after +the appointed date, Lacy brought the money to his ghostly father’s +room in a canvas pepper poke, and from there carried it to the +vicarage, dropped it over the wall into the court, and left it. With +an impulse as natural as dishonest, he kept £67 for himself; but +presently he repented again and gave it up to Sir Alexander Emmet, +Holdsworth’s parish priest. Out of the whole sum Lacy had spent +only 26<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> “about his seeding.”<a id='r1364'></a><a href='#f1364' class='c012'><sup>[1364]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Vicar returned to Halifax from London “after Mid-Lent +Sunday” [11 March]. He had been urging his own cause with +Cromwell, while Sir Henry Saville petitioned the Duke of Norfolk +on his behalf. When he reached home and found the treasure gone, +he did not complain to Norfolk and mentioned his loss only to the +friends who knew of its hiding-place, Sir Henry Saville, Alexander +Emmet, his sister and her son<a id='r1365'></a><a href='#f1365' class='c012'><sup>[1365]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>While Holdsworth was in London he had obtained writs of +attachment against the Lacys and others who had plundered his +vicarage. During Easter Week he went to York and begged Norfolk’s +favour in the matter. The Duke promised that he should have +restitution or the writs should be executed. Holdsworth was still +too prudent to mention the great sum that he had lost.</p> + +<p class='c011'>About a week later Alexander Emmet delivered £789. 8<i>s.</i> 9<i>d.</i> to +Holdsworth in gold, simply saying that it came to him in confession. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_258'>258</span>The priest must have been waiting in the vicarage court for the +heavy bag that came over the wall<a id='r1366'></a><a href='#f1366' class='c012'><sup>[1366]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The matter might have ended there to the satisfaction of everyone +concerned, but too many people were in the secret. The Vicar had +subpoenas against Lacy and his servants, but they did not appear. +Lacy said contemptuously, “If they will have my head they shall +fetch it.” He had nicknamed one of his servants Audley and another +Cromwell, and said he could not fail to do well having both the Lord +Chancellor and the Lord Privy Seal with him. He admitted that he +had robbed the Vicar, but he said that the money was treasure-trove; +apparently he argued from this that he had as good a right to it as +any man<a id='r1367'></a><a href='#f1367' class='c012'><sup>[1367]</sup></a>. By this means the rumour of “treasure-trove” reached +the ears of the Duke of Norfolk, and he determined that the government +should be no loser.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 12 July Norfolk sent for all the parties to appear before him<a id='r1368'></a><a href='#f1368' class='c012'><sup>[1368]</sup></a>. +On 20 July the Vicar was a close prisoner, allowed to speak only to +those whom Norfolk appointed. The Duke had consulted Chaloner +and Babthorpe about the law of treasure-trove, and they agreed that +unless the Vicar could prove the money to be his, it was the King’s. +Before examining the witnesses Norfolk proposed to send the money +to the King, and then, if Holdsworth had too strong a claim to be +denied, the Duke would give him licence to sue for its restoration<a id='r1369'></a><a href='#f1369' class='c012'><sup>[1369]</sup></a>. +It was easy to guess the result of such an application.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The witnesses proved quite conclusively that the money was the +Vicar’s, and that he had hidden it himself. There was no evidence +that any part of it had ever been treasure-trove. Norfolk’s council +believed that the money was really the Vicar’s because there were +many crowns of five shillings among the coins found in the pot, and +this coin had come into use very recently<a id='r1370'></a><a href='#f1370' class='c012'><sup>[1370]</sup></a>. Norfolk was vexed at +this turn of the case, and asked Cromwell for instructions. He +collected all the Vicar’s money that he could lay hands on and +accused Holdsworth of cheating the revenue, “living covetously like +a man of £40 promotions,” when he could well spend £200 a year<a id='r1371'></a><a href='#f1371' class='c012'><sup>[1371]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 25 July Sir Henry Saville wrote to Cromwell on the Vicar’s +behalf<a id='r1372'></a><a href='#f1372' class='c012'><sup>[1372]</sup></a>. Holdsworth brought an action in the Court of Star +Chamber against Lacy, but the result is unknown<a id='r1373'></a><a href='#f1373' class='c012'><sup>[1373]</sup></a>. It is possible +that the government obtained for Holdsworth restitution of his +<span class='pageno' id='Page_259'>259</span>plundered goods, and at the same time robbed him of his fortune, +but if this were so, the Vicar was not ruined. On the contrary, he +retained too much money for his own safety, as in May 1556 he was +murdered by thieves in the night-time in the vicarage house<a id='r1374'></a><a href='#f1374' class='c012'><sup>[1374]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was empowered to attend to the doctrine of the north as +well as its peace. He encouraged the various anti-papal preachers +who were sent there, such as Dr Layton and Dr Addison<a id='r1375'></a><a href='#f1375' class='c012'><sup>[1375]</sup></a>, and +suggested that the Archbishop of York and the other principal +ecclesiastics might not only promote “such well-learned and also +well-willed priests,” but also “find others at their own charges continually +to go about and preach.” If this had been done before he +thought “no such follies had been attempted as hath been.”<a id='r1376'></a><a href='#f1376' class='c012'><sup>[1376]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>About the beginning of June Norfolk sent round circulars to all +justices of the peace and to the remaining monasteries, forbidding +them to give any relief to sturdy vagabonds. He said that the alms +of the religious houses had encouraged beggars, and that the justices +were slack, but now he intended so to deal with them that Cromwell +would probably hear of great numbers coming southward<a id='r1377'></a><a href='#f1377' class='c012'><sup>[1377]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 3 June the good news of the Queen’s pregnancy was confirmed. +Norfolk was in York and gave orders for general rejoicings. +The Te Deum was sung in the afternoon and at night bonfires were +lighted all through the city. To increase the merrymaking Norfolk +gave four hogsheads of wine from his own cellar to be broached in +different parts of the city for all passers-by.</p> + +<p class='c011'>York was in a ferment of preparation for the King’s visit; the +countryside had to prepare lodging and stabling for a large and +magnificent company. Two or three hundred extra beds were being +made. Fortunately the hay-harvest was good, or it would have +been hard to provide for the horses in the royal train<a id='r1378'></a><a href='#f1378' class='c012'><sup>[1378]</sup></a>. But all +the preparations were in vain. The King changed his mind. It is +clear from Norfolk’s letters that he had never really believed that +Henry would come, and had been only partly convinced by his +repeated assurances. On 12 June the King sent the Duke his +reasons for delaying his visit to the north until another year. The +reasons were many and ingenious, such as his reluctance to leave the +Queen at this critical period, and the delicate state of foreign affairs; +but the real motive for delay, which Norfolk was to keep strictly to +<span class='pageno' id='Page_260'>260</span>himself, was the King’s physical condition. His legs were worse, +and his physicians advised him not to travel in the heat of the year. +As he could not come to pardon the north in person, he would +shortly send down “a personage of honour” with a general pardon; +Norfolk might announce this. The King graciously said that he +could not be better served than he was at present, but as the Duke +desired his recall so earnestly, he should soon receive it. The King +intended to establish a standing council and desired the Duke’s +advice as to its composition<a id='r1379'></a><a href='#f1379' class='c012'><sup>[1379]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This was the first explicit statement of the King’s intentions for +the future government of the north, but it was so vaguely worded +that it did not seriously clash with Norfolk’s ambition. The north +might be ruled by a council, but the council might be ruled by the +King’s lieutenant. Norfolk was still cautious. In his next letters, +dated 16 June, he thanked the King for the promise of release. If +his master knew how ill he had been he would not wonder at +his desire “to be out of this cold country, where hath been two +days this week great frosts in the morning, with the most cold +weather that ever I saw in such a time of year.” For the Council of +the North he thought the King should either send down a lieutenant +or make the Bishop of Durham president; he did not recommend +either of the northern earls. For the councillors he recommended +Sir Thomas Tempest, Sir Marmaduke Constable, Sir William Evers, +Sir Ralph Ellerker, and Sir Brian Hastings. Dr Magnus was growing +old and “less able every day.” Norfolk spoke very highly of +Babthorpe, Chaloner and Bowes, but they were badly paid. The +Duke was heartily glad to hear that the King was sending a pardon +to put despair out of “foolish, fearful heads.” He asked that ten +or twelve pardons might be sent him, with blank schedules attached, +in which he could insert, with the advice of his council, the names of +those to be excepted from the pardon<a id='r1380'></a><a href='#f1380' class='c012'><sup>[1380]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At this time Border affairs loom large in Cromwell’s memoranda +and in the proceedings of the Privy Council, filling the place previously +occupied by the northern insurgents. Lists of members +proposed for the Council of the North, and of officers and pensioners +on the Borders were drawn up, and amended, and drawn up again, +until it is hard to say which is merely a “device” and which a final +order<a id='r1381'></a><a href='#f1381' class='c012'><sup>[1381]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_261'>261</span>The repairs of Berwick and Sheriffhutton were proceeding as +fast as lack of money would allow<a id='r1382'></a><a href='#f1382' class='c012'><sup>[1382]</sup></a>. Sir Thomas Clifford was at feud +with Lionel Grey, the porter of Berwick<a id='r1383'></a><a href='#f1383' class='c012'><sup>[1383]</sup></a>. Norfolk wished the King +to have them reconciled, as Grey was a man whom Sir William +Evers, the deputy warden of the East Marches, could not spare<a id='r1384'></a><a href='#f1384' class='c012'><sup>[1384]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the Middle Marches Sir Reynold Carnaby had succeeded the +murdered Roger Fenwick in the dangerous office of Keeper of Tynedale. +Norfolk disliked Carnaby, who was a creature of Cromwell’s, +and said sneeringly “that by hearing say he is more than half weary +of his being in these parts.” On 26 June Norfolk expected the +Council of the Marches to wait on him at Sheriffhutton. He intended +to “lay it sore to them” that their country was no stronger against +the Scots raiders of Liddesdale, “which weekly doth run upon +Carnaby’s offices.”<a id='r1385'></a><a href='#f1385' class='c012'><sup>[1385]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Duke was investigating the circumstances of Roger Fenwick’s +murder. The three murderers, John Charleton, Rinian Charleton and +John Dod, fled to Scotland and were never captured. Lionel Grey +accused Edward Charleton, Cuthbert Charleton, John Heron of Chipchase, +George Heron his son and John Heron of the Hall Barns his +kinsman, as instigators of the murder<a id='r1386'></a><a href='#f1386' class='c012'><sup>[1386]</sup></a>. This accusation was very +satisfactory to Norfolk, as the Charletons and Little John Heron of +Chipchase were already wanted by the government for their share in +the rebellion, but it would be safer and less awkward to punish them +nominally for the murder. Little John Heron was captured and +sent to London, where he was imprisoned in the Fleet. Heron of +the Hall Barns fled to Scotland. George Heron appeared before +Norfolk, but he established his innocence so clearly that the Duke +wrote to Grey to require proof of the Herons’ guilt<a id='r1387'></a><a href='#f1387' class='c012'><sup>[1387]</sup></a>. On 7 July +Lionel Grey brought to the Duke “one of the men that hath detected” +the part played by the Herons in Fenwick’s murder<a id='r1388'></a><a href='#f1388' class='c012'><sup>[1388]</sup></a>. This +sounds as if there were other witnesses, but later Jerry Charleton +alias Topping is described as “the only accuser of the Herons,”<a id='r1389'></a><a href='#f1389' class='c012'><sup>[1389]</sup></a> and +his character was so bad that in the end his evidence was discredited<a id='r1390'></a><a href='#f1390' class='c012'><sup>[1390]</sup></a>. +At present, however, it was considered sufficient, but the Charletons +could not be captured by force or stratagem<a id='r1391'></a><a href='#f1391' class='c012'><sup>[1391]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_262'>262</span>Cromwell suggested that John Heron of Chipchase might be +sent north to stand his trial for Fenwick’s murder. Norfolk replied +on 20 July that he must not be sent north until the time was +ripe. If he did not know that he was accused of the murder, he +must be led to believe that he would soon be set free. If he had +already been charged with it, he must be so closely imprisoned that +he could send no word of warning to his son George or his son-in-law +Cuthbert Charleton. It was important to lull the suspicions of the +Charletons, for it was quite impossible to capture them while they +were on the alert. Their own country was almost impenetrable, and +if they were attacked with fire and sword they had only to cross the +hills to Liddesdale<a id='r1392'></a><a href='#f1392' class='c012'><sup>[1392]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 27 August Norfolk was still hoping to apprehend Edward +and Cuthbert Charleton and George Heron. As to Little John +Heron, Norfolk directed Cromwell as follows:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Which John I require your good lordship may be secretly conveyed hither +and so delivered to the officers of my house, to be by them conveyed to me at +Newcastle, to be ordered according to justice. I would he should be here on +20 September, and conveyed with a hood on his head, and so secretly kept by +the way that no man should know him unto [<i>until</i>] his deliverance; which +would also be in the night because I have many pledges of Tynedale and +Reedsdale here. For an it were known he were here, I should neither take his +son nor the others that I would have. And if it be not known in the Fleet +whither he shall go, but conveyed in the night, the better.”<a id='r1393'></a><a href='#f1393' class='c012'><sup>[1393]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>On 17 September Norfolk held an assize at Newcastle-upon-Tyne. +He made George Heron foreman of the inquest, and the +three murderers were condemned in their absence. George Heron +did his part, not suspecting that Norfolk, who showed him such a +fair countenance, was planning to convict himself and his father of +the same crime. George offered to go home to Tynedale and arrest +an arrant traitor. Norfolk sent him off with the comment, “If he +do I shall have in my hands two false harlots.” The Duke intended +to arrest George Heron on his return, and to seize his father’s house, +goods and lands for the King’s use. The news from Tynedale was +that Cuthbert Charleton was dead<a id='r1394'></a><a href='#f1394' class='c012'><sup>[1394]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At the next assizes, on 26 September, John Heron and Edward +Charleton were indicted in their absence as accessories to the murder +of Roger Fenwick. John Heron had not been sent north, and there +was no evidence against George Heron, but nevertheless the latter +<span class='pageno' id='Page_263'>263</span>was arrested and imprisoned<a id='r1395'></a><a href='#f1395' class='c012'><sup>[1395]</sup></a>. The Charletons were outlawed, and +the Keeper of Tynedale carried on a long guerilla war against them, +in which the Charletons, having allies in Scotland, were on the +whole successful<a id='r1396'></a><a href='#f1396' class='c012'><sup>[1396]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Little John Heron of Chipchase was never sent north with a +hood over his face to be hanged. He was called before the Privy +Council and convinced the King of his loyalty and worth. In 1539 +he rode home in triumph as Constable of Harbottle, with a pension +in his pocket<a id='r1397'></a><a href='#f1397' class='c012'><sup>[1397]</sup></a>. Edward Charleton was pardoned in 1539; even John +Heron of the Hall Barns received mercy and was employed in carrying +letters of importance to the north<a id='r1398'></a><a href='#f1398' class='c012'><sup>[1398]</sup></a>. At length, in August 1540, +Little John Heron was offered the post of Keeper of Tynedale. He +refused, unless he were given Reedsdale as well, and he was given +both<a id='r1399'></a><a href='#f1399' class='c012'><sup>[1399]</sup></a>. Thus he completely superseded his old enemy Sir Reynold +Carnaby. Sir Thomas Percy was avenged so far as vengeance lay in +Little John Heron’s power. The wily mosstrooper was one of the +few men who discovered the length of Henry VIII’s foot.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After this digression it is necessary to return to Norfolk at +Sheriffhutton Castle. On 2 July 1537 Sir Cuthbert Radcliff, Thomas +Carnaby, Cuthbert Shaftoe and George Heron waited on the Duke, +and declared the true state of Northumberland. The raiding was +chiefly the work of Liddesdale, reinforced by English outlaws. Norfolk +daily expected an answer from the King of Scots to his repeated +complaints of the protection which English outlaws received in +Scotland. Sir John Widdrington was trying to capture certain +Scots thieves in England who would be useful as exchanges. The +Northumbrians convinced Norfolk that Tynedale had not done +nearly as much harm as was reported, but no restitution had been +made as yet<a id='r1400'></a><a href='#f1400' class='c012'><sup>[1400]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The West Marches were reorganised about the beginning of +July. Sir Thomas Wharton was made deputy warden, in spite of +Norfolk’s advice to the contrary. He was also made steward of the +abbey of Holm Cultram and the priories of Carlisle and Wetherall. +Under him there were four commissioners. Sir Thomas Wentworth +became captain of Carlisle, and thirty-three gentlemen of those parts +received patents as the King’s pensioners. All these commissions +and patents, with the oaths for the different officials, were dated +<span class='pageno' id='Page_264'>264</span>28 June<a id='r1401'></a><a href='#f1401' class='c012'><sup>[1401]</sup></a>. They were first sent to Norfolk, who forwarded them on +3 July to Wentworth, together with a summons to all the gentlemen +to meet him at York, where he was going to witness Aske’s execution +on 12 July<a id='r1402'></a><a href='#f1402' class='c012'><sup>[1402]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk thought that the arrangements for the West March +were better than those for the other two. He wished to call Lord +Dacre and Wharton before him and “knit them in amity.” Dacre’s +friendship was far more important to the new Warden than that of +the Earl of Cumberland, who had little influence with the marchmen. +The prickers of Gilsland were always ready at Dacre’s word. Unruly +though they were, he kept them in awe, and he was respected even +in Tynedale and Reedsdale<a id='r1403'></a><a href='#f1403' class='c012'><sup>[1403]</sup></a>. When Dacre was Warden he had been +both cruel and partial, sending word to his favourite ill-doers to fly +when he intended to make a raid; yet he was very popular among +the marchmen.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In spite of his general approbation, Norfolk as usual criticised +the King’s appointments<a id='r1404'></a><a href='#f1404' class='c012'><sup>[1404]</sup></a>. The Duke constantly endeavoured to +draw all the patronage of the north into his own hands. The +dictatorship of the north would be within reach if every Border +officer were the Duke’s man, and owed his appointment to his +master. Norfolk, being on the spot, could often choose better men +than the King, who was guided only by report. Nevertheless, so +long as the Duke remained in the north, the King would not +reverse his decisions. After Norfolk’s departure, the inefficient +were replaced by more capable officers, but in the meanwhile he +grumbled in vain. The King would not allow him to make any +promotions on his own authority.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was still urgently petitioning for leave to ride south. +He was ailing and described all his symptoms to Cromwell at great +length. Cromwell advised him to offer to stay longer in the north; +the King had promised that he should come home at Michaelmas. +Norfolk replied from Leckonfield on 8 July that if he stayed in the +north until the cold weather began he would die. He was ready +to serve the King to the death anywhere else; “but undoubtedly +if I should know his pleasure to be to command me to remain +here, I am sure I should never have one merry day in my life, and +would incontinent determine myself for another world.... I may well +perceive I have some back friends that thinketh long to hear that +I am out of this world.” The north was now in such good order, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_265'>265</span>that he considered there was no need for his presence; a lieutenant +with a good council would be enough<a id='r1405'></a><a href='#f1405' class='c012'><sup>[1405]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Thomas Tempest, who had been attending on Norfolk, +throughout his northern progress<a id='r1406'></a><a href='#f1406' class='c012'><sup>[1406]</sup></a>, wrote to Cromwell on 10 July. +He said that Norfolk had shown him Cromwell’s letter which +advised him to remain in the north. To obey would certainly +endanger Norfolk’s life during the winter; nevertheless the Duke +ought not to be recalled at once, because he was so much loved +and feared throughout the north. “Although these parts be now +well stayed, their late perversity should be noted, and, as many +men of blood and well befriended have justly suffered, it is to be +feared their friends are not well contented.” Tempest suggested +that Norfolk should stay until the end of October, and then leave +a council with a good president to carry on the work until Easter, +when the Duke could return for the summer<a id='r1407'></a><a href='#f1407' class='c012'><sup>[1407]</sup></a>. Tempest wrote to +Bishop Tunstall, who was then in London, to the same effect. +Tunstall was the proposed president of the new council. Tempest +urged that the Bishop knew well the need there was for Norfolk in +the north<a id='r1408'></a><a href='#f1408' class='c012'><sup>[1408]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>These two letters were obviously inspired by Norfolk, and yet +they were very different in effect from his own. Norfolk never +wishes to see the north again; yet Tempest suggests that the +Duke should return in the spring. Norfolk says that the country +is quiet and can do without him; Tempest, that “the country is +not so clearly reduced to all goodness that he should be taken from +these parts.” All this was the next move in Norfolk’s game. He +did not wish to bring the country into such order that the King +could do without him. He hoped, on his return to the south, to +be followed by a stream of petitions to the King that he might +be sent back; even a minor disturbance would not be amiss. If +Norfolk could prove to Henry that he was indispensable, he would +be in a position to make terms. He had declared that he would +not live in the north for all Northumberland’s lands, but the King +could test this by experiment. Henry, on the other hand, meant to +keep the Duke in the north until it was reduced to order, but not a +minute longer. When he did recall Norfolk, he had no intention of +sending him back. Norfolk was told that he should be recalled before +the cold weather set in. No word was said of a new mission in the +spring, but he protested that he was immensely grateful.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_266'>266</span>The Earl of Wiltshire’s minstrel had composed a song about +Norfolk, which he said had received the Duke’s approval. The +inference is that the song was in praise of true noble blood and +predicted its triumph over upstarts. Norfolk promised Cromwell +so to punish the minstrel that he would be afraid to sing such +songs again<a id='r1409'></a><a href='#f1409' class='c012'><sup>[1409]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was impatient for the arrival of a general pardon. He +advised that it should not extend beyond 20 February 1536–7. +The murder of Fenwick and the welcome of the King of Scots +both took place after that date, and consequently those who were +involved in either would not be able to claim the benefit of the +pardon thus limited. Norfolk sent about fifteen names to be +excepted, and asked that room should be left for himself and his +council to insert a few more. Those whom he mentioned were: +Wilson and Woodmancy of Beverley, Marshall parish clerk of +Beswick, Waflin and Leache of Lincolnshire, Bradford and Paris +monks of Sawley, Roger Hartlepool monk of Jervaux, Helaigh +canon of Coverham, Edward Middleton, Henry King and Simon +Marshal of Masham, Each friar of St Robert’s of Knaresborough, +Nicholas Musgrave, a friar of Appleby, John Priestman of Lillesdale +Hall, John Priestman son of William Priestman of Helnesley +[Helmsley?], Dr Marmaduke Walby, Towneley chancellor of the +Bishop of Carlisle, and the Prior of the White Friars of Doncaster<a id='r1410'></a><a href='#f1410' class='c012'><sup>[1410]</sup></a>. +Most of these men had fled to Scotland, but the three last-named +were prisoners in the Tower.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In Scotland James pursued an anti-English policy without actually +provoking a breach of the peace. Norfolk wrote of him on 3 July +“he doth keep so small an house that there is but only six messes +of meat allowed in his house, and the Queen his wife not like to +escape without death, and that not long unto as I am informed +by divers ways.”<a id='r1411'></a><a href='#f1411' class='c012'><sup>[1411]</sup></a> The poor young Queen died before 24 July<a id='r1412'></a><a href='#f1412' class='c012'><sup>[1412]</sup></a> +of consumption, not, as might be supposed from Norfolk’s letter, +of starvation.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Thomas Clifford’s spies reported that James “doth not use +nor give himself to any princely pleasure, like as he heretofore +hath been accustomed, but continually yet doth go about framing +his ordnance in most secret wise.” He had paid several midnight +visits to Dunbar, and Tantallon was prepared for war. Clifford +contrasted with these preparations the destitute condition of +<span class='pageno' id='Page_267'>267</span>Berwick<a id='r1413'></a><a href='#f1413' class='c012'><sup>[1413]</sup></a>, but as a matter of fact the town was being provisioned +and the fortifications repaired.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It was thought possible that James might change his policy on +the death of his French wife. It was reported that he was hesitating +between a renewal of the matrimonial alliance with France and an +application to England for the hand of Mary<a id='r1414'></a><a href='#f1414' class='c012'><sup>[1414]</sup></a>. On 2 August James +came as far as Dunbar with David Beaton, Abbot of Arbroath, whom +he was about to despatch on a diplomatic mission first to Henry and +then to Francis. Henry was making a short progress to Ampthill, +and intended to receive the ambassador there<a id='r1415'></a><a href='#f1415' class='c012'><sup>[1415]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk prepared to join the King at Ampthill to assist in the +negotiations with Scotland, but on 7 August he received definite +orders that he was not to leave Yorkshire. He replied with the +bitterest complaints of his treatment, and indeed he had a right +to expect better usage<a id='r1416'></a><a href='#f1416' class='c012'><sup>[1416]</sup></a>. Henry must have felt that he might +slight the Duke too much as he tardily consented, and Norfolk +joined him at Grafton on 15 August, to give his advice upon the +Scots negotiations and on the appointment of the Council of the +North<a id='r1417'></a><a href='#f1417' class='c012'><sup>[1417]</sup></a>. The Abbot of Arbroath promised that all the English fugitives +in Scotland should be exchanged for Scots rebels in England, but +his mission did not otherwise give satisfaction, as he was going to +France to arrange a new French marriage for James, who was in +perfect accord with Francis<a id='r1418'></a><a href='#f1418' class='c012'><sup>[1418]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk and Henry together determined that the president of +the Council of the North should be Bishop Tunstall of Durham<a id='r1419'></a><a href='#f1419' class='c012'><sup>[1419]</sup></a>. +Tunstall was very unwilling to undertake the arduous task. He protested +that he was too old to be fit for anything but teaching and +preaching. The people hated him, and whatever punishment he +inflicted would be imputed to private malice, which would bring +discredit on the King’s justice. He was neither powerful enough +to punish disobedience nor rich enough to keep up the hospitality +which would be expected of him, and this would lead evil-doers to +despise and mock the King’s authority<a id='r1420'></a><a href='#f1420' class='c012'><sup>[1420]</sup></a>. His objections went for +nothing. Henry had decided that he was the most suitable man for +the post, and Norfolk probably hoped that Tunstall would prove so +<span class='pageno' id='Page_268'>268</span>complete a failure that he himself would have to be reappointed. +Tunstall was ordered to prepare himself and to forget his displeasure +against Robert Bowes<a id='r1421'></a><a href='#f1421' class='c012'><sup>[1421]</sup></a>, who had plundered his palace at Bishop +Auckland during the rebellion<a id='r1422'></a><a href='#f1422' class='c012'><sup>[1422]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk’s visit to the south was a short one<a id='r1423'></a><a href='#f1423' class='c012'><sup>[1423]</sup></a>. He was back at +Sheriffhutton on 27 August. Now that the Council of the North +was an established fact he was impatient to be gone. It remained +to be seen whether he could ever compass his return. On 27 August +he wrote “I am ... very desirous to bring Tynedale, before my departing +hence, in better order than it is,”<a id='r1424'></a><a href='#f1424' class='c012'><sup>[1424]</sup></a> but the task proved too +long and he left it unaccomplished.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the West Marches Sir Thomas Wharton was on the whole +a successful warden, and under his rule there was at least a very +fair appearance of regular justice, both on the Marches and in +Cumberland, although this did not mean that there was any lack +of such incidents as inspired the Border ballads<a id='r1425'></a><a href='#f1425' class='c012'><sup>[1425]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Middle Marches were a very different affair. Norfolk was +longing to make his name terrible in the district which had treated +his authority with such light-hearted contempt. He wished to +arrange that James V should make a descent on Liddesdale at +the same time as he attacked Tynedale. The Abbot of Arbroath +held out some hope that his master would consent to this, but on +8 September James replied to Norfolk that he would give his +wardens such charge that a simultaneous raid of this sort would +be quite unnecessary<a id='r1426'></a><a href='#f1426' class='c012'><sup>[1426]</sup></a>. Consequently the Duke was obliged to +undertake the Borders without James’ help.</p> + +<p class='c011'>While Norfolk awaited James’ answer at Sheriffhutton he busied +himself in reconciling the feuds of various Yorkshire gentlemen. +Among others Sir Henry Saville came to an agreement with “all +his neighbours and sisters” and might prove a good servant. On +5 September Norfolk was suffering from a cold in the head. He +wrote to Cromwell, and after regaling him with his symptoms in great +detail, proceeded to ease his temper by abuse of his subordinates. +According to his account the whole of the north was in a state of +Utopian peace except Tynedale and Reedsdale, for which the Keeper +<span class='pageno' id='Page_269'>269</span>and the warden were responsible. “Widdrington would fain do well, +but surely it is not in him. Carnaby is so feared of his person that +he doth nothing but keep the house. Men doth much doubt of his +hardiness having yet shown no part of manhood since his coming +hither. I would they were both in Paradise, so other good were in +their rooms; for by their defaults I shall be enforced, as soon as I +shall be able to travel, to ride to those cold parts which I fear shall +not be without some danger. And yet had I rather to adventure the +same, than to have the continual crying out of the poor people +that I have to come thither.”<a id='r1427'></a><a href='#f1427' class='c012'><sup>[1427]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk rode to Newcastle-upon-Tyne on 14 September, and +found that no restitution had been made for plunder taken during +the rebellion, and that there were under a dozen offenders to be tried. +In fact all the Border was very reluctant to deliver thieves to +the law<a id='r1428'></a><a href='#f1428' class='c012'><sup>[1428]</sup></a>, not from mercy nor even from fellow-feeling, although the +gentlemen of the country were not much more honest than the +reivers, but because when a man was hanged his kinsmen would +never forget the feud. The blood feud was the weapon which +enabled the mosstrooper to keep up his war against the world; +it was his last and best protection. The King’s deputy warden +might take a thief red-handed. If he brought him to the gallows +many things would follow. The deputy warden’s cattle would +never be safe at the pride of the moon; his hay-stacks and barns +would mysteriously take fire; wherever he went he would never +ride safely, for on the open moors an arrow might fly from a whinbush, +and in the streets of a town a man might lurch against him +with a knife in his hand. It generally happened that the warden +let the thief go free.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk was very angry at this state of affairs. The blood +feud made no difference to him, as he was leaving the north so +soon. He made further complaints to the King of Carnaby and +Widdrington, and proposed others to be promoted in their places. +If Tynedale and Reedsdale refused to make restitution on the 20th +and 21st September, “I will be busy with them.” Reedsdale was +not expected to give trouble, and if the men of Tynedale proved +more obstinate Norfolk would make a descent upon their houses, +burn them to the ground, set their standing corn ablaze, and when +the people were driven into the hills, he would lay garrisons “to defend +their malice,” whenever they wickedly tried to get something to eat<a id='r1429'></a><a href='#f1429' class='c012'><sup>[1429]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_270'>270</span>The King answered on 18 September in one of those letters +which must have been such a trial to his servants. He remained +blandly determined that “whosoever kick against it” he would +be served by the men of his own choice and no others. As +to Tynedale, he sent orders very unlike his usual instructions. +Clemency was to be shown. He expected Norfolk to reform, not +to destroy<a id='r1430'></a><a href='#f1430' class='c012'><sup>[1430]</sup></a>. It must be put to Henry’s credit that if he had +raised, for his own purposes, a breed of mosstroopers more savage +than their fathers, he did not like them to be slaughtered wholesale, +though it is doubtful whether this was due to some faint sense +of his own responsibility or merely to an anticipation of the next +war with Scotland.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk held two sessions at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, one on +Monday 17 September, the other on Wednesday 26 September. +Only nine thieves were executed altogether, but both Tynedale +and Reedsdale were at last induced to make restitution or to put +in sufficient pledges for it<a id='r1431'></a><a href='#f1431' class='c012'><sup>[1431]</sup></a>. Norfolk said with natural pride that he +had redressed above a hundred wrongs since he came to Newcastle-upon-Tyne, +and that he would leave the country better contented<a id='r1432'></a><a href='#f1432' class='c012'><sup>[1432]</sup></a>. +He had “swept the houses so clean” that the Bishop of Durham and +his Council would find little to do<a id='r1433'></a><a href='#f1433' class='c012'><sup>[1433]</sup></a>. The King fully approved of all +his proceedings and sent him a letter of thanks<a id='r1434'></a><a href='#f1434' class='c012'><sup>[1434]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 28 September 1537 Norfolk left Newcastle-upon-Tyne<a id='r1435'></a><a href='#f1435' class='c012'><sup>[1435]</sup></a>. He +was at Sheriffhutton on 4 October<a id='r1436'></a><a href='#f1436' class='c012'><sup>[1436]</sup></a>. On 6 October he started on +his journey southward<a id='r1437'></a><a href='#f1437' class='c012'><sup>[1437]</sup></a>. His long mission was over. The government +of the north passed into other hands.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Instead of the old expedient by which the supreme authority +was conferred on a powerful nobleman, Henry had resolved that +the north should be governed by a council. Although Cromwell +was a warm advocate of this system, he cannot be given the credit +for its invention. Government by council was a favourite Tudor +device from the days of Henry VII onwards. It was said that in +1640 over a third of England was ruled by various councils, offshoots +of the Privy Council<a id='r1438'></a><a href='#f1438' class='c012'><sup>[1438]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sufficient evidence has already been given to prove that the +north required a better system of government than it had hitherto +enjoyed. The Pilgrims at Pontefract had proposed that it should +<span class='pageno' id='Page_271'>271</span>have adequate parliamentary representation, that parliaments should +sometimes be held there, that law courts should be established at +York competent to deal with all but the most important cases, and +that in general the interests and welfare of the north should be +treated as of equal importance with those of the south.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Instead of this, the King resolved to treat the north as a +conquered province. It was placed under a form of government +in which there was no representation and from which there was +no appeal. If the Council of the North was to work at all, its +decisions, however unjust, must be upheld by the central government. +The north had already undergone an experimental foretaste +of this method of rule, and had hated and protested against it<a id='r1439'></a><a href='#f1439' class='c012'><sup>[1439]</sup></a>, +but the country was to groan under the Council of the North for +another hundred years, until released by the Great Civil War. Yet +the Council was not more autocratic than the Privy Council itself, +and such partial success as it had in enforcing law and order was +some compensation for the fact that it was entirely opposed to the +independent spirit of the people.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Most of the new council’s members had been leaders in the +Pilgrimage; such were Sir Ralph Ellerker, Sir Thomas Tempest, +Robert Bowes, William Babthorpe and Robert Chaloner. They were +capable, ambitious men, bound to make their way upwards. They +were not insincere Pilgrims, but the rising failed and they turned +their energies to the King’s service as the only course left open to +them. Norfolk’s business was to conciliate them and win them over, +and he had succeeded: “all these men have their price.” They had +been willing to risk their lives for a cause, but having escaped, they +would not sacrifice their careers. As members of the Council of +the North, they helped to keep in subjection the country whose +liberties they had so lately borne arms to defend.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Norfolk and his council in 1537 may be regarded as the forerunners +of the new council, and the King’s lieutenant, when there +was one, was always the president of the Council of the North.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The advantages which the King derived from the establishment +of the Council were obvious. It was small and could work easily +and effectively, for although a large number of members were +sometimes appointed, there were only five salaried members, who, +with the president and vice-president, were obliged to attend and +were competent to transact business<a id='r1440'></a><a href='#f1440' class='c012'><sup>[1440]</sup></a>. Its members were chosen +<span class='pageno' id='Page_272'>272</span>and dismissed by the King; there was no danger that the office +would become hereditary or that individual members might be +too powerful. It was therefore safe to trust them with very +extensive powers.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Council of the North had jurisdiction over the whole of +the five northern counties, Northumberland, Durham, Westmorland, +Cumberland and Yorkshire. Privileged districts such as the Palatinate +of Durham were entirely abolished. The Council was authorised +to hear and determine all offences connected with unlawful assemblies +and breaches of the peace, and all actions concerning property +and debts<a id='r1441'></a><a href='#f1441' class='c012'><sup>[1441]</sup></a>. Its duties were to aid the ecclesiastical authorities in +the repression of papists and heretics, to maintain uniformity and +good morals, to protect agriculture, to defend the poor against the +rich, to supervise the justices of the peace<a id='r1442'></a><a href='#f1442' class='c012'><sup>[1442]</sup></a>, and to provide for the +defence of the Border. “It was empowered to inflict almost any +penalty short of death,” and although in cases of difficulty it might +appeal for advice to the Privy Council, there was no appeal for +suitors from its decisions<a id='r1443'></a><a href='#f1443' class='c012'><sup>[1443]</sup></a>. It administered justice according to +either the law of the land or the discretion of its members<a id='r1444'></a><a href='#f1444' class='c012'><sup>[1444]</sup></a>. The +Council also held sessions, oyer and gaol delivery, heard indictments +for murder and felony, and executed felons. “In this respect their +powers exceeded even those of the Star Chamber.”<a id='r1445'></a><a href='#f1445' class='c012'><sup>[1445]</sup></a> In short, the +Council exercised all the powers previously held by Norfolk.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Before 15 October 1537 the Council of the North held its first +meeting at York<a id='r1446'></a><a href='#f1446' class='c012'><sup>[1446]</sup></a>. It was composed of Cuthbert Tunstall, Bishop +of Durham, the president; Sir Thomas Tempest; Sir Ralph +Ellerker; Sir Marmaduke Constable the elder; Robert Bowes; +William Babthorpe; Richard Bellasis; Robert Chaloner; John +Uvedale; Sir William Evers; and Thomas Fairfax, the King’s +serjeant-at-law<a id='r1447'></a><a href='#f1447' class='c012'><sup>[1447]</sup></a>. Robert Holgate, Bishop of Llandaff and prior +of Watton, also took part in its deliberations<a id='r1448'></a><a href='#f1448' class='c012'><sup>[1448]</sup></a>. The officers of +the court consisted of the Lord President, the Vice-President, four +or more learned Councillors, the Secretary, the King’s Attorney, +two Examiners, one Registrar, fourteen Attornies, one Clerk of the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_273'>273</span>Attachments, two Clerks of the Seal, one Clerk of the Tickets, one +Serjeant-at-Arms, one Pursuivant, ten Collectors of Fines, two +Tipstaves<a id='r1449'></a><a href='#f1449' class='c012'><sup>[1449]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The first report of the Council of the North has not been +preserved, but a letter from Tunstall to Cromwell, written at the +same time (15 October), probably gives the information which was +contained in it. Wide as the powers of the Council were, the +members were not satisfied. They found that they had no power to +levy men in order to enforce their precepts; the gentlemen had all +sworn to levy none save at the King’s command. The Council +referred the matter to the King, “considering therewith that fire +is more easily quenched in the spark than in the flame.” They +also referred two minor points to the King; they wished to know +what seal they should use, and they requested that the decrees of +the Duke of Richmond’s late council might be sent to help them +in their decisions<a id='r1450'></a><a href='#f1450' class='c012'><sup>[1450]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Finally they wished for instructions concerning the little heirs +of the house of Percy<a id='r1451'></a><a href='#f1451' class='c012'><sup>[1451]</sup></a>. It was now represented by Sir Ingram Percy, +who was dying by inches in the Tower, and Sir Thomas Percy’s two +sons. The Dowager Countess had been arrested by Sir Brian Hastings +in February 1536–7. Her goods were seized and inventoried, but they +were worth little, even the plate being valued at “an hundred pounds +or very easy more.” She had few jewels and robes for a lady of her +position. Hastings good-naturedly wrote to Cromwell in her favour<a id='r1452'></a><a href='#f1452' class='c012'><sup>[1452]</sup></a>. +Before the beginning of October she had been released, her lands +and goods were restored to her, and she was living at Catton in +Yorkshire<a id='r1453'></a><a href='#f1453' class='c012'><sup>[1453]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Percy estates were viewed by the King’s surveyor Robert +Southwell in August<a id='r1454'></a><a href='#f1454' class='c012'><sup>[1454]</sup></a>. The government kept a careful eye on the +natural heirs of all this wealth, Sir Thomas Percy’s sons Thomas +and Henry. On 8 July Norfolk wrote: “As to Sir Thomas Percy’s +children, I have entreated good Sir Thomas Tempest to take them +into his custody; they being at this time in the Bishopric within +two miles of his house; and have promised him to have their costs +paid for.”<a id='r1455'></a><a href='#f1455' class='c012'><sup>[1455]</sup></a> Sir Thomas soon grew weary of his charge. Tunstall +<span class='pageno' id='Page_274'>274</span>wrote on 15 October that Sir Thomas still kept the children at +Norfolk’s command; but “his house is not strong but very weak, and +within sixteen mile of Tynedale, no town betwixt, nor other obstacle +than the river of Tyne when the water is risen; for at low waters +there be two fords that every man may pass, by which the thieves +do much annoy our country. I know this to be true by experience, +for I have ridden the same way. He desireth much to be rid of +the custody of them, and demandeth of me licence to be absent for +the keeping of them; which reasonably I cannot deny and yet his +presence were very necessary. Some other place more within the +country were more meet than his house, and the children be young +and must be among women.”<a id='r1456'></a><a href='#f1456' class='c012'><sup>[1456]</sup></a> The Council must have feared that +Sir Thomas Percy’s old friends the reivers of Tynedale might carry +off his children. Permission was given to place them wherever it +was thought best<a id='r1457'></a><a href='#f1457' class='c012'><sup>[1457]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>With the fall of the house of Percy the old order of things +ended. The new began with the Council of the North. There is +this excuse for Bowes and the other Pilgrims who served on the +Council; they probably believed that they were saving the country +from the Duke of Norfolk’s despotism. Norfolk never realised his +dream of a northern dictatorship. It was improbable from the first +that he would ever be able to force Henry to concede him such +a position, and it is quite incredible that the King would have +made such a grant willingly; but the northern gentlemen did not +know that. Norfolk’s pose was that of a faithful old servant who +reluctantly performed a disagreeable duty laid upon him by his +master. Partly because he needed Norfolk, and partly to gratify +his love of playing with a man’s hopes and fears, the King gave +the Duke sufficient public countenance to make this pose appear +plausible. Bad as the Council of the North might be, the gentlemen +supported it, because they believed it to be the lesser of two +evils. Its tyranny was not so unendurable as that of “this false +Duke.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>NOTES TO CHAPTER XXI</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note A. The Border pledges were hostages. When the reivers were in +trouble they delivered up one of every surname or clan, in earnest of their +better behaviour. The object of the government was to obtain a pledge who +was sufficiently important to make his loss a matter of anxiety to his surname. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_275'>275</span>The object of the reivers was to induce the government to accept as a pledge +some man whom his friends did not mind losing. Theoretically the life of the +pledge was forfeit if his people committed fresh offences, but the penalty seems +very seldom to have been exacted in full. The pledges were not usually +kept in strict confinement and were relieved by new comers every month or so. +In the case of disorders, however, the pledges were more strictly imprisoned, +and cases even occurred when they were half-starved until their kinsmen were +reduced to obedience.</p> + +<p class='c013'>An example of the chaffering over pledges occurred on Tuesday, 17 July, +1537. Sir Cuthbert Radcliff and Sir Reynold Carnaby called the men of +Tynedale to a meeting at Hexham for the restitution of spoil. Edward and +Cuthbert Charleton came in “under assurance,” and said that they were willing +to follow any order taken by the meeting. Edward Charleton was anxious for +the release of his pledge; he offered one of his tenants in exchange, but Carnaby +did not consider a tenant sufficient. The other Charletons would neither pledge +for nor with Edward; they proposed to lay a separate hostage for themselves +when the first had returned. In this extremity Edward Charleton offered his +son, a boy of thirteen, whom Carnaby was ready to accept, as he thought that +his father would be loth to lose him<a id='r1458'></a><a href='#f1458' class='c012'><sup>[1458]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c013'>When Norfolk left the north the eight Border pledges whom he had kept +at Sheriffhutton Castle were removed to York, as no sufficient guard remained +at Sheriffhutton. In York the marchmen boarded at a serjeant’s house and +showed themselves every day to the sheriffs<a id='r1459'></a><a href='#f1459' class='c012'><sup>[1459]</sup></a>. The Council of the North +dared not imprison them for fear “there would never more come in to be +pledges.” Bishop Tunstall, the president of the Council, objected to the +presence of the pledges in York. He was also annoyed because “two of the +most active men of all Tynedale” had come as pledges “to change and loose +the others for a season as has always been accustomed.” These two had +promised Norfolk to resist the inroads of the outlawed Charletons, and Tunstall +thought that they had come as pledges just before the full moon, when they +were most needed at home, to be “honestly ... quit of their promise.” The +Council of the North decided to move the pledges to Newcastle-upon-Tyne, +because “it is within eighteen miles of their country, and coming thither +they should learn no new ways, whereas now coming hither [to York] so far +from home, by exchange, they learn all the byways of all countries adjoining +unto them, which makes them more bold to steal, when they know which way +to escape with their prey.”<a id='r1460'></a><a href='#f1460' class='c012'><sup>[1460]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c013'>The system of hostages is very characteristic of the age. Fundamentally +unjust, it was a survival of primitive barbarism. It was clear that the pledges +at Newcastle-upon-Tyne or York could not be guilty of outrages on the Border, +but if the guilty could not be made to suffer, the innocent must be punished. +This system was peculiarly congenial to Henry. He openly looked upon the +mother and brothers of Reginald Pole, for instance, as hostages for his good +behaviour. When he defied the King, it was only Henry’s extreme benignity +which prevented him from ordering the Cardinal’s relations to instant execution. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_276'>276</span>They were in the end put to death almost avowedly as a means of making +the Cardinal suffer.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note B. March treason was committed when an Englishman allied himself +with a Scot to attack another Englishman. Such crimes were investigated and +punished in the Wardens’ Courts. The penalty was decapitation. Such a case +was tried in October 1537 at Carlisle before Sir Thomas Wharton, the King’s +deputy warden<a id='r1461'></a><a href='#f1461' class='c012'><sup>[1461]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note C. This letter is not included among the Letters and Papers of +Henry VIII. Raine’s reference is MSS Cotton. Caligula B iii, 241.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_277'>277</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XXII<br> <span class='c009'>THE WHITE ROSE PARTY</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>With the leaders of the Pilgrimage died the spirit of active +resistance to Henry. The gentlemen and commons had struck their +blow and failed. There still remained the White Rose party at court. +Its members had done nothing during the rebellion. They only +whispered together and exchanged tokens and dreamed of better +days. They were all under suspicion and constantly watched by +royal spies, warned against consorting together, often in disgrace +and banished from court. It was impossible that they could be +dangerous to Henry. The proof of this has already been given. The +Pilgrimage was the one good opportunity to carry out their long-cherished +plans. If the Marquis of Exeter had raised the west and +Lord Montague had raised Hampshire, the south would have been +plunged into turmoil and the northern Pilgrims would have been +able to march on London at leisure. Henry might have been forced +to fly, and Mary proclaimed queen. But, as a matter of fact, Exeter +marched to join Norfolk with all the force he could make; not one +of the conservative nobles raised a man to second the Pilgrims; and +Cardinal Pole, in spite of the Pope’s encouragement, made not the +slightest effort to improve the occasion. Their one chance slipped +from the listless hands of the White Rose party. They did not even +know that it was lost.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Why was Henry so bent upon the ruin of these very inefficient +conspirators that he actually told the French ambassador that he +meant to exterminate the house of Pole<a id='r1462'></a><a href='#f1462' class='c012'><sup>[1462]</sup></a>? It is true that he was +very angry with Reginald Pole; he regarded with jealousy all who +could lay claim to the blood royal; and he may have believed them +to be more dangerous than they were. He was already troubled by +a disease so painful as partly to account for the savage hatred of +opposition which became little less than madness towards the end of +<span class='pageno' id='Page_278'>278</span>his life. But all this is merely to say that he was a blood-thirsty +tyrant, and that, however useful as abuse, is not a really satisfactory +explanation of any human being’s actions.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The answer to the problem is to be found in Henry’s superb +belief in his own divine right to rule. His admirers have tried to +slur over the ferocity of his treason laws by vague talk of “compelled +severity” and “temporary necessity.” It may be modestly suggested +that there is another explanation. There was no very pressing need +for these laws, as the old treason law was quite sufficiently severe, +but Henry honestly believed that they were just. To him treason +was the blackest of all crimes, not a mere political offence which +might be committed by a virtuous person with the highest motives, +but a crime worse than murder or perjury against the innocent. The +man who dared to criticise the title of Supreme Head of the Church +was as guilty and as worthy of death as those who resisted him in +arms; he made no distinctions between those who opposed him in +thought, deed, or word. The catholic martyrs died for their opinions. +The Pilgrims died for maintaining their opinions with their swords. +The “Exeter Conspirators” died for a few careless words—for a wish—for +a dream of majesty.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It is surprising that Pole’s family remained in England. They +might have fled to him at Rome, where their lives at least would +have been safe. They considered flight,—they often talked of it, but +apparently they could not bring themselves to face the results. The +thought of becoming a landless exile was intolerable to most English +gentlemen. Lord Montague might have chosen it rather than death, +but he would not leave the country until the danger was imminent, +and then it was too late for flight, for Henry struck swiftly. Sir +Geoffrey Pole, with less to lose, often planned to join Reginald, but +Montague and other friends dissuaded him, on the grounds that it +would put the family in a worse position than ever. The Poles were +always expecting a change of policy and a reconciliation with Rome. +If this opinion was treasonable the King would have had to execute +half the nobility to root it out. So the doomed family awaited the +event, if not in security, at least with surprising calmness, as they +were not by any means unwarned.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When Reginald Pole sent his book <cite><span lang="la">De Unitate Ecclesiastica</span></cite> to +Henry in 1536<a id='r1463'></a><a href='#f1463' class='c012'><sup>[1463]</sup></a>, it was carried by an English servant who had +followed his fortunes, a man named Michael Throgmorton<a id='r1464'></a><a href='#f1464' class='c012'><sup>[1464]</sup></a>. He was +of good family, and a suitable person to be intrusted with such a +<span class='pageno' id='Page_279'>279</span>delicate mission, as he was both faithful and quick-witted. He did +not undertake his errand very willingly, for he had a natural fear +that it would end in the Tower rather than in his return to Italy. +His apprehension was well founded. Henry was furiously angry at +Pole’s opinions and Throgmorton was detained in London, in great +danger, until January 1536–7. The country was in open rebellion +throughout the autumn, and his brother, Sir George Throgmorton +was in the Tower on a charge of spreading Aske’s manifestos<a id='r1465'></a><a href='#f1465' class='c012'><sup>[1465]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In January came the news that Pole had been created a Cardinal<a id='r1466'></a><a href='#f1466' class='c012'><sup>[1466]</sup></a>. +Before he set out on his journey Throgmorton had begged that if this +promotion took place it might be kept secret until he had made his +escape from England<a id='r1467'></a><a href='#f1467' class='c012'><sup>[1467]</sup></a>, but no attempt was made at secrecy, and +Throgmorton might well feel his head unsteady on his shoulders. +Nevertheless he lived to be one of the few men who could boast of +outwitting Cromwell<a id='r1468'></a><a href='#f1468' class='c012'><sup>[1468]</sup></a>. He played his cards well, declaring himself +completely out of sympathy with Pole and the King’s most loyal +subject. He spoke of his influence over his master, and undertook +to use every means to bring Pole back to England and his allegiance. +He even consented to enlist in Cromwell’s secret service, and became +officially the King’s chief spy on the traitor Pole. At the cost of +such “crafty and subtle conveyance” he obtained leave to return to +Rome, and by 26 January 1536–7 he was on his way thither with a +light heart<a id='r1469'></a><a href='#f1469' class='c012'><sup>[1469]</sup></a>. He had completely “bleared” Cromwell’s eyes, for he +never had the least intention of playing his master false.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Throgmorton arrived at Rome on 13 February. He carried +letters for the Cardinal from the Privy Council, who professed themselves +unspeakably shocked at Pole’s ingratitude. But they offered +to send certain wise men to meet him in Flanders in order to argue +him into a better frame of mind, always provided that he came as a +private person, without a commission from the Pope<a id='r1470'></a><a href='#f1470' class='c012'><sup>[1470]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Throgmorton found his master dressed in his cardinal’s robes, and +delivered the letters together with credence to the same effect. He +admitted in his first report to Cromwell that his persuasions had as +yet been useless; “great men are not lightly persuaded and he +especially.” The writing of these reports must have been a great joy +to Throgmorton<a id='r1471'></a><a href='#f1471' class='c012'><sup>[1471]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Pole had been created a papal legate on 7 February, and he was +about to set out for Flanders<a id='r1472'></a><a href='#f1472' class='c012'><sup>[1472]</sup></a>, in spite of the fact that the King had +<span class='pageno' id='Page_280'>280</span>refused, in such a case, to send anyone to meet him<a id='r1473'></a><a href='#f1473' class='c012'><sup>[1473]</sup></a>. Throgmorton +represented him in this as the well-meaning tool of the scheming +court of Rome; “let them mean as they will, he means all for the +best, and to the honour of God and his Church, without dissimulation, +covetousness or ambition.”<a id='r1474'></a><a href='#f1474' class='c012'><sup>[1474]</sup></a> Throgmorton hoped that Cromwell +would not object to his going with his master, for although he was +the King’s man, he was loth to leave Pole on account of his rare +virtues and good life. He referred the question to Cromwell, as no +man could give better counsel in such a case, because no man had +more proved the profit and comfort of true fidelity<a id='r1475'></a><a href='#f1475' class='c012'><sup>[1475]</sup></a>. One of Cromwell’s +genuine spies recorded that Michael Throgmorton had an open +and simple-minded manner<a id='r1476'></a><a href='#f1476' class='c012'><sup>[1476]</sup></a>. It must have been a very simple +manner to carry off remarks of that sort. But for some time Cromwell +did not suspect that there was anything wrong.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Cardinal Pole was about to move at last. The avowed purpose +of his legation was an attempt to help forward a general pacification, +to inquire into the spread of heresy, and to announce a general +council. Its real purpose was to arrange the affairs of England<a id='r1477'></a><a href='#f1477' class='c012'><sup>[1477]</sup></a>. +According to the news then current in Rome, Henry had given way +to the Pilgrims, and intended to hold a northern parliament in the +spring. It was taken for granted that this parliament would restore +the Pope’s authority in England, and it was essential that a papal +legate should be present to see that everything was done in the +right way. Also it was only proper that his Holiness should show +his approval of “the manly and Christian demonstration those people +are making.” Pole never reproached himself for his delay at the +time of the insurrection. His one anxiety was to be in time for the +parliament. It was doubtful whether he would accomplish this, as +he was a very bad traveller. It occurred to him that the King +might be deceiving the Pilgrims, that he might intend no reform, +but sought only to quiet them and then to dispose of their leaders; +in fact that Henry might be doing the very thing that he was doing. +Pole suggested that if this were the case, someone, not himself, +should be sent to England to exhort the people, in the Pope’s name, +to stand firm, and that large sums of money should be ready in +Flanders in case of need<a id='r1478'></a><a href='#f1478' class='c012'><sup>[1478]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>One of Pole’s last acts before starting was to answer the letter of +the Privy Council<a id='r1479'></a><a href='#f1479' class='c012'><sup>[1479]</sup></a>. He stated his case well, but the matter had +<span class='pageno' id='Page_281'>281</span>gone far beyond the reach of argument. Pole’s only justification was +that he was convinced he was right, and Henry’s only reply was that +Pole was hopelessly wrong. A meeting with Henry’s agents in +Flanders could have led to nothing more satisfactory, and perhaps +Pole realised this when in reply to the Council’s proposal he said +that he would receive emissaries only if they were sent to him as to +a cardinal and a legate.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At length Pole set out, but he was a long time on the journey. +About 16 April 1537 he was at Cambrai<a id='r1480'></a><a href='#f1480' class='c012'><sup>[1480]</sup></a>, but he would not have +reached even that point so soon if all had gone as he hoped on the +way. There was a clause in the treaties between England and +France that neither King should receive or assist the rebel subjects +of the other; in marked contrast to the modern custom by which +political offenders are especially exempted from extradition treaties, +this clause was held to mean that a proscribed traitor who sought +refuge in the other country must be seized and given up to his own +government. Francis I sent word to Henry that Pole had entered +his kingdom as legate<a id='r1481'></a><a href='#f1481' class='c012'><sup>[1481]</sup></a>. The French King regarded the Pope as +the Emperor’s ally, and was ready to conciliate Henry at his expense, +if he could do so without danger to himself. Henry commanded his +ambassador in France, Gardiner Bishop of Winchester, to desire +Francis to apprehend Pole and send him to England. Gardiner +obeyed, and Francis replied that Pole had entered his dominions +under safe-conduct, and that he could not arrest him, but he would +send him word to depart within ten days<a id='r1482'></a><a href='#f1482' class='c012'><sup>[1482]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry was not satisfied. He despatched Sir Francis Brian on +8 April to demand Pole again and to remind Francis I that the +treaty did not recognise safe-conducts<a id='r1483'></a><a href='#f1483' class='c012'><sup>[1483]</sup></a>. The French King did not +dare to quarrel with Henry, but to apprehend Pole would have +brought about an open breach with the Pope. The King was with +the army, and when on 10 April Pole made his state entry as legate +into Paris, he was met by a gentleman of the King’s chamber, who +informed him that he must press on to Cambrai without seeing +Francis<a id='r1484'></a><a href='#f1484' class='c012'><sup>[1484]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry was enraged at Pole’s escape. He blamed Gardiner and +Brian for lack of zeal and care. He bade them reproach Francis I +with the legate’s honourable reception<a id='r1485'></a><a href='#f1485' class='c012'><sup>[1485]</sup></a>, and at the same time he +sent by the hands of John Hutton, his agent in the Netherlands, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_282'>282</span>letters to the Regent of the Netherlands, which adjured her on pain +of breaking solemn treaties to prevent Pole’s entry into the Emperor’s +dominions. If he were already over the borders, she must send him +injunctions to leave within the time specified by treaty<a id='r1486'></a><a href='#f1486' class='c012'><sup>[1486]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Pole took refuge in the independent archbishopric of Cambrai. +He was obliged to stay there all through May, though he was in considerable +danger. Henry, who had not forgiven Gardiner and Brian +for the first failure, wrote to them on 25 April: “And for as much +as we would be very glad to have the said Pole trussed up and +conveyed to Calais, we desire and pray you to consult and devise +between you thereupon.” Could not Brian secretly get together +some men capable of such an enterprise? Francis I himself suggested +that his Italians might “snap up” the legate some time +when he was beyond the walls of the town<a id='r1487'></a><a href='#f1487' class='c012'><sup>[1487]</sup></a>. Pole was careful to +keep within the gates, for skirmishing parties were constantly about, +and he soon discovered that, in obedience to their orders, Henry’s +agents had surrounded him with “spies and betrayers.”<a id='r1488'></a><a href='#f1488' class='c012'><sup>[1488]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The days at Cambrai must have been very bitter to Pole. The +French King had ignominiously turned him out; the Regent of the +Netherlands, though more truly his friend, dared not ignore Henry’s +protests<a id='r1489'></a><a href='#f1489' class='c012'><sup>[1489]</sup></a>. All hope of a peaceful and honourable return to England +had vanished. The Pilgrims were in the Tower awaiting death, and +Pole was within measurable distance of joining them. He was told +that 100,000 pieces of English gold would be given to any man who +brought him to England alive or dead<a id='r1490'></a><a href='#f1490' class='c012'><sup>[1490]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Francis Brian had undertaken the mission, and that one-eyed +“minion” declared that if the Cardinal returned to France he would +kill him with his own hand<a id='r1491'></a><a href='#f1491' class='c012'><sup>[1491]</sup></a>. All around Cambrai was the turmoil +of a great European war. The Emperor’s host was encamped round +the city. The brave Queen of Hungary, Regent of the Netherlands, +who wore over her kirtle “a jerkin of black leather with eyelet holes +to wear harness upon,” vowed that if Francis would await her forces +but fifteen days she would show him “what God may strength +a woman to do.”<a id='r1492'></a><a href='#f1492' class='c012'><sup>[1492]</sup></a> Pole, who had been sent to urge peace upon +the combatants, was an embarrassment to all parties. The Regent +peevishly exclaimed that her enemy had sent him simply to +trouble her<a id='r1493'></a><a href='#f1493' class='c012'><sup>[1493]</sup></a>. Evil days had fallen on the ambassador of the Holy +See.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_283'>283</span>It does Pole much honour that he was willing and even anxious +to persevere against all these discouragements. His chief hope was +that he might keep up the hearts of “these poor, good men” the +commons of England. He imagined that his presence near at hand +might encourage them to new endeavour. But he was too late, and +the people of the north had other and nearer sorrows to mourn than +the decay of the Pope’s authority.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At last the Cardinal’s friends in Flanders determined to help him +to a place of safety, although they were hampered by the English +King’s constant threats that if Pole crossed the borders and were not +arrested, he would consider that the treaties were broken<a id='r1494'></a><a href='#f1494' class='c012'><sup>[1494]</sup></a>. They +replied at length that a legate was outside such treaties, and that +they had gone as far as possible to please Henry when the Regent +refused to receive the Cardinal. The Pope had especially recommended +Pole to the care of his fellow-cardinal Erarde de la Marck, +the Prince Bishop of Liége, who was the head of the Regent’s +Council<a id='r1495'></a><a href='#f1495' class='c012'><sup>[1495]</sup></a>. The Bishop secretly offered Pole a safe harbour in his +own see, but he suggested that Pole should travel in disguise, to +which the legate, feeling that in his person the dignity of the +Apostolic See would be compromised, could not bring himself to +consent<a id='r1496'></a><a href='#f1496' class='c012'><sup>[1496]</sup></a>. During the last days of May an escort was sent, which +conducted him honourably, but without all the state that was his +due, through Flanders to Liége. Here he was received with pontifical +honours, provided with money, and lodged in “the old palace.”<a id='r1497'></a><a href='#f1497' class='c012'><sup>[1497]</sup></a> +“They take him there for a young god,” wrote Hutton scornfully to +Cromwell.</p> + +<p class='c011'>One day a starving Englishman came to John Hutton and begged +for alms. His name was William Vaughan, and he had fled from +England accused of manslaughter. He told Hutton that he had begged +for help from Henry Phillips, an English student at Louvain who had +betrayed Tyndale. Phillips had offered to introduce Vaughan into +Cardinal Pole’s service, or rather into the service of Michael Throgmorton. +Phillips said that Throgmorton was about to sail secretly +for England, carrying letters to Pole’s friends hidden in a loaf of +bread. Hutton seized this opportunity. He gave Vaughan money, +and promised him a pardon and further reward if he would contrive +to sail with Throgmorton; as soon as they reached England Vaughan +must see that Throgmorton was arrested<a id='r1498'></a><a href='#f1498' class='c012'><sup>[1498]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Vaughan set out for Liége with an uneasy conscience, but beggars +<span class='pageno' id='Page_284'>284</span>cannot be choosers<a id='r1499'></a><a href='#f1499' class='c012'><sup>[1499]</sup></a>. He went to Throgmorton, who regarded him +with suspicion. It was so common, however, for one English exile +to ask help of another that Pole consented to speak to him. When +Vaughan came into his presence, the Cardinal said, “As I am informed, +you be banished out of your native country as well as I”; he +added that he liked to meet a Welshman, as his grandfather came out +of Wales. Vaughan asked to be taken into the Cardinal’s service, +saying that he was destitute. Pole answered that he had all the +servants that he needed while travelling, but if Vaughan would come +to him again in Italy, he should have a place. He gave the man a +crown, and bade him go back to gather news<a id='r1500'></a><a href='#f1500' class='c012'><sup>[1500]</sup></a>. These newsbearers +must often have been puzzled to know whose spies they were.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 10 June Pole wrote to Italy, still in good hopes that his +mission might prosper, although his life was in danger. He had +discovered to whom he was indebted for Vaughan’s visit<a id='r1501'></a><a href='#f1501' class='c012'><sup>[1501]</sup></a>. Other +spies were sent by Sir Thomas Palmer, the porter of Calais, and Pole +heard that special assassins had been despatched from England<a id='r1502'></a><a href='#f1502' class='c012'><sup>[1502]</sup></a>. +Michael Throgmorton’s expedition to England was abandoned, probably +because the Cardinal received news from his family about this +time. The messenger was Hugh Holland, who had formerly been in +the service of Sir Geoffrey Pole, but was now a merchant in the trade +with Flanders. Some years before Holland had secretly smuggled +into France John Heliar, the vicar of East Meon and rector of +Warblington, a dependent of the Poles, who fled partly because he +wanted to study in Paris, but chiefly because he disliked the King’s +proceedings<a id='r1503'></a><a href='#f1503' class='c012'><sup>[1503]</sup></a>. Holland was still in communication with Heliar and +conveyed his correspondence<a id='r1504'></a><a href='#f1504' class='c012'><sup>[1504]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“After Easter” 1537 Holland heard that wheat was selling well +in Flanders, and arranged to carry a cargo across. Before he +embarked Sir Geoffrey Pole sent for him and said, “I hear say you +intend to go into Flanders. My brother, I hear say, is in those parts. +Will you do me an errand unto him?”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Holland was quite willing, and Sir Geoffrey gave him the following +message:</p> + +<p class='c011'>“I pray you commend me to my brother and show him I would +I were with him, and will come to him if he will have me; for show +him the world in England waxeth all crooked, God’s law is turned +upso-down, abbeys and churches overthrown, and he is taken for a +<span class='pageno' id='Page_285'>285</span>traitor; and I think they will cast down parish churches and all at +the last. And because he shall trust you, show him this token, and +show him also that Mr Wilson and Powell be in the Tower yet, and +show him further that there be sent from England daily to destroy +him, and that much money would be given for his head; and that +the Lord Privy Seal said openly in the court that he, speaking of the +said Cardinal, should destroy himself well enough; and that Mr Brian +and Peter Mewtas was sent into France to kill him with a hand-gun +or otherwise as they should see best.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>The day before Holland sailed Sir Geoffrey sent for him again and +said, “How sayest thou, Hugh, if I go over with thee myself and see +that good fellow?”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Hugh replied, “Nay, sir, my ship is fully loaded, and the mariners +be not meet for this purpose.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Well then, I pray you remember what I have said unto you, +and fare you well.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Holland sailed to Nieuport, sold his wheat, and went on to Cambrai, +where he expected to find the Cardinal, but Pole had already +set out for Liége. Holland overtook him at Alne Abbey. Throgmorton +received the messenger and questioned him. Hearing that +he came from Sir Geoffrey, Throgmorton went and told the Cardinal. +After mass Holland was sent for and found the Cardinal in the +church. He delivered his message. Pole said, “And would my +Lord Privy Seal so fain kill me? Well, I trust it shall not lie in his +power. The King is not contented to bear me malice himself, but +provoketh other against me, and hath written to the French king +that he should not receive me as Cardinal or legate; but yet I was +received into Paris better than some men would.”<a id='r1505'></a><a href='#f1505' class='c012'><sup>[1505]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>They talked for a little while about English matters, and then +the Cardinal gave Holland the following messages:</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Commend me to my lady my mother by the same token that +she and I looking upon a wall together read this, ‘<i>Spes mea in Deo +est</i>,’<a id='r1506'></a><a href='#f1506' class='c012'><sup>[1506]</sup></a> and desire her blessing for me. I trust she will be glad of mine +also; and if I wist that she were of the opinion that other be there, +mother as she is mine, I would tread upon her with my feet. Commend +me to my lord my brother by this token, ‘<i>In domino Confido</i>,’ +and to my brother Sir Geoffrey, and bid him meddle little and let all +things alone.”<a id='r1507'></a><a href='#f1507' class='c012'><sup>[1507]</sup></a> The Cardinal did not consider it expedient that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_286'>286</span>either of his brothers should join him. He bade them both tarry in +England “and hold up yea and nay.”<a id='r1508'></a><a href='#f1508' class='c012'><sup>[1508]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>It is impossible to avoid the thought that if the Cardinal had +encouraged Geoffrey in his proposed flight, instead of snubbing +him, the coming tragedy must have been, in part prevented. Lord +Montague would probably have been put to death in any case, but +England would have been spared the worst insult to humanity,—the +degradation of the miserable Sir Geoffrey, the horror of a brother’s +betrayal by a brother, the agony of their mother. Unluckily +Sir Geoffrey Pole was not a very desirable inmate for a Cardinal’s +household. He was stupid and extravagant, timid and untrustworthy. +The Cardinal acted with his usual gentle selfishness. He +refused to undertake the disagreeable responsibility, and left Lord +Montague, in addition to all his other perils, to cope with this unsatisfactory +younger brother.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Holland delivered all the messages to Sir Geoffrey Pole when he +returned to England. Sir Geoffrey forbade him to repeat them to +the Countess of Salisbury or to Lord Montague, because Montague +“was out of his mind and would show all to the Lord Privy Seal.”<a id='r1509'></a><a href='#f1509' class='c012'><sup>[1509]</sup></a> +He did not mean that Montague would betray the matter on purpose, +but he was such a reckless speaker that his tongue was sure to +endanger the secret. This was all the communication that Reginald +Pole had with his brothers while he was in Flanders, and it cannot +be said to have seriously threatened the throne of England.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Cardinal stayed quietly at Liége until the Pope summoned +him back to Rome<a id='r1510'></a><a href='#f1510' class='c012'><sup>[1510]</sup></a>. His Holiness needed him and his present +position was doing no good, nor was it very dignified. In August +Pole prepared to set out for Rome<a id='r1511'></a><a href='#f1511' class='c012'><sup>[1511]</sup></a>. In all his correspondence during +his stay in Flanders there is strangely little reference to the Pilgrims. +The months during which he was so near England were the very +months of the King’s vengeance. Pole must have known the English +news, for Henry was eager to spread reports of the terrible justice +that he was doing. Yet in all Pole’s letters not one of the northern +leaders is mentioned by name. Their effort for the Faith is spoken +of only in the most general terms, and though there are vague +allusions to the King’s cruelty there is no word of their trial and +death<a id='r1512'></a><a href='#f1512' class='c012'><sup>[1512]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This silence effectually disposes of the idea that Pole had any +<span class='pageno' id='Page_287'>287</span>share in encouraging the rebellion, but when it is contrasted with +the wide-spread horror at the martyrdom of More and Fisher, and +with the admiration expressed for their constancy, the feeling arises +that the Papal court and the catholic clergy generally were guilty +of a snobbish callousness to the fate of less renowned but not less +worthy upholders of their cause. The King’s faithlessness to the +insurgents was perfectly well known abroad. Laymen were not so +absorbed in his attack on the Church as to overlook his treatment of +his subjects<a id='r1513'></a><a href='#f1513' class='c012'><sup>[1513]</sup></a>, but the court of Rome would calmly have watched +Henry grind Englishmen to powder so long as he did not interfere +with the Pope’s power and dignity. The Pope considered only his +relations with the King and ignored the people, while his one chance +of triumph lay in keeping his hold upon the nation, as was done in +Ireland. There were two reasons for this indifference on the part of +the Roman Church. In the first place, many of its supporters, Pole +among them, shrank from the charge of encouraging rebellion. In +the second, European statesmen in the spring of 1537 had little +thought to spare on the internal state of England. The war absorbed +the western states; in the south the Turks were threatening Rome +itself.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Nevertheless Pole, an Englishman sent especially to watch English +affairs, might have shown more interest in the fate of the Pilgrims. +On 21 July, 1537, a week after Aske was hanged at York, the Cardinal +wrote to the Pope to mention the suggestion of an English +student at Louvain that all the Church should fast and pray for the +return of England to the fold, and that certain days should be +appointed for the fast. Pole was much pleased with the thought, +and believed that it would do more good than any “censures or +curses.”<a id='r1514'></a><a href='#f1514' class='c012'><sup>[1514]</sup></a> It would certainly be safer.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Cardinal left Liége on 22 August, “riding solemnly through +the city, giving his benediction to the people, with a cross borne +before him and other ceremonies.”<a id='r1515'></a><a href='#f1515' class='c012'><sup>[1515]</sup></a> Two days before Michael +Throgmorton had written his second and last report to Cromwell. +Cromwell had commanded him to return to England, and much of +the letter was filled with explanations as to why Throgmorton did +not obey the summons. He protested that he could serve the King +much better if he stayed at Rome with his master. He described +the intended prayers for the unity of the Church, and added that if +the King did not shortly repent Pole would publish his book as a +defence against the charge of treason. Throgmorton insisted that +<span class='pageno' id='Page_288'>288</span>his master sought the King’s honour and wealth, and that everyone +about him marvelled that the King did nothing but try to procure +his ruin<a id='r1516'></a><a href='#f1516' class='c012'><sup>[1516]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Cromwell’s first impulse on receiving this letter was to prevent +Pole’s return to Rome. A letter to Throgmorton was drafted which +contained an offer that, though the King felt nothing but contempt +for all that the Bishop of Rome could do against him, yet “to save +him whom he hath from his cradle nourished and brought up in +learning,” he would send Dr Wilson and another of his own chaplains +to confer with Pole in Flanders<a id='r1517'></a><a href='#f1517' class='c012'><sup>[1517]</sup></a>. Instructions for the chaplains were +drawn up<a id='r1518'></a><a href='#f1518' class='c012'><sup>[1518]</sup></a>, but they never started on their mission. There is nothing +to show the reason which made Cromwell change his mind. Perhaps +some fresh news came, or perhaps he merely decided on second +thoughts that it was impossible to conciliate Pole, and the wider the +breach with him became the better. Dropping his mask, he for once +wrote his real mind and sent the letter after Throgmorton. It is too +long to quote in full, and no mere extract can do it justice<a id='r1519'></a><a href='#f1519' class='c012'><sup>[1519]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Cromwell began by denouncing the treasons of Pole and the +treachery of Throgmorton, whom he had taken for a faithful subject. +“I might better have judged that so dishonest a master could have +but even such servants as you are.... You could not all this time have +been a spy for the King, but at some time your countenance should +have declared your heart to be loyal. No! you and your master +have both well declared how little fear of God resteth in you, which, +led by vain promise of promotion, thus against his laws works treason +towards your natural prince and country, to serve an enemy of God, +an enemy of all honesty, an enemy of right religion, a defender of +iniquity, a merchant and occupier of all deceits.” How foolish was +Throgmorton to try to defend this “silly cardinal” from the name of +traitor. All the world knew how well he deserved it. “Now if those +that have made him thus mad can also persuade him to print his +detestable book, where one lie leapeth in every line on another’s +neck, he shall be then as much bound to them for their good counsel +as his family to him for his wise dealing. He will, I trow, have as +little joy thereof as his friends and kinsfolk are like to take profit of +it. Pity it is that the folly of one brainsick Pole, or, to say better, +of one witless fool, should be the ruin of so great a family. Let him +<span class='pageno' id='Page_289'>289</span>follow ambition as fast as he can, these that little have offended +(saving that he is of their kin) were it not for the great mercy and +benignity of the prince, should and might feel what it is to have such +a traitor to their kinsman.” Let him bring forth his book. He is +not out of reach of the King’s “justice” even in Italy. “Amongst +all your pretty news these are very pleasant, that the Bishop of +Rome intendeth to make lamentation to the world and to desire +every man to pray that his old gains may return home again.... I have +done what I may to save you. I must, I think, do what I can to see +you condignly punished. God send you both to fare as ye deserve—either +shortly to come to your allegiance, or else to a shameful +death.”<a id='r1520'></a><a href='#f1520' class='c012'><sup>[1520]</sup></a> With this blessing hard on his heels Pole began his journey +back to Rome. His first legation was ended.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The White Rose party in England had done nothing to help the +Pilgrims. It would have been well for them if they had said as +little; and yet the words that were afterwards objected against them +were sometimes clearly innocent, sometimes just touched with disaffection +to the government,—very seldom coming even under the +most stringent treason law ever enforced in England. At the time +of the rebellion a friend went to see Sir Geoffrey Pole at his house at +Lordington, and found him mustering men who were to march with +him against the insurgents.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“I must go northwards,” said Sir Geoffrey, “but I will shift for +one well enough, if they come to fighting—I will save one.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Well, if you intend so,” returned his friend, “you were best to +have a good horse under you.”<a id='r1521'></a><a href='#f1521' class='c012'><sup>[1521]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>It seems almost incredible that this old, old soldier’s joke about +running away at the first shot should have been interpreted by +Froude as an avowed “intention of deserting in action, if an action +was fought—real, bad, black treason.”<a id='r1522'></a><a href='#f1522' class='c012'><sup>[1522]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Marquis of Exeter had gone northward to join Norfolk +against the Pilgrims. One day when his wife was sitting alone, Sir +Edward Neville came to her. He was an intimate friend of the +family, and Lord Montague’s brother-in-law. He greeted her with +“Madam, how do you? Be you merry?”</p> + +<p class='c011'>She answered, “How can I be merry? My lord is gone to battle +and he will be one of the foremost.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Madam, be not afeared of this,” said Sir Edward, “nor of the +second, but beware of the third.”</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_290'>290</span>“Ah, Mr Neville, you will never leave your Welsh prophecies,” +replied the Lady Marquis, “but one day this will turn you to displeasure.”<a id='r1523'></a><a href='#f1523' class='c012'><sup>[1523]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Edward’s mysterious words may have been treason, but +they are even more unintelligible now than they were to the Lady +Marquis. Sir Edward was much given to singing “merry songs”; in +the Lady Marquis’s garden at Horsley, where both Neville and Lord +Montague were welcome guests, he would sometimes add political +stanzas to his songs, such as that he “trusted knaves should be put +down, and lords should reign one day.”<a id='r1524'></a><a href='#f1524' class='c012'><sup>[1524]</sup></a> Perhaps it was on the same +occasions that he used to abuse the King “saying his Highness was a +beast and worse than a beast.”<a id='r1525'></a><a href='#f1525' class='c012'><sup>[1525]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>One day at court Sir Edward drew Sir Geoffrey Pole aside and +said, “God’s Blood! I am made a fool amongst them, but I laugh +and make merry to drive forth the time. The King keepeth a sort +of knaves here that we dare neither look nor speak; and if I were +able to live, I would rather live any life in the world than tarry in +the Privy Chamber.” Another time he said, “Master Pole, let us not +be seen to speak together; we be had in suspicion; but it forceth +not, we shall do well enough one day.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>The little group of friends were constantly being warned against +each other. The King himself bade Sir Edward avoid the Marquis +of Exeter. Sir Edward told his friend, “I may no longer keep you +company”; and the Marquis quietly answered, “I pray Our Lord be +with you,” and no more<a id='r1526'></a><a href='#f1526' class='c012'><sup>[1526]</sup></a>. Every act of friendship among the suspected +nobles was used against them by Cromwell. A certain bearward of +the Marquis was in trouble about the end of the year 1537<a id='r1527'></a><a href='#f1527' class='c012'><sup>[1527]</sup></a>. He +was “in prison for treason” in the west country. His offence does +not appear, but it cannot have compromised the Marquis, as the +affair was not mentioned at his trial. The bearward was executed at +Gloucester in February 1537–8<a id='r1528'></a><a href='#f1528' class='c012'><sup>[1528]</sup></a>. Sir Edward Neville heard of his +arrest and very naturally told the Marquis “to look to it, as it was +much against his honour.”<a id='r1529'></a><a href='#f1529' class='c012'><sup>[1529]</sup></a> Exeter sent to Cromwell to inquire +about the matter. The result was unexpected. Cromwell told the +King and a royal messenger was sent to Exeter to charge him on his +allegiance to declare who had told him of the bearward’s apprehension. +Exeter was astonished and alarmed that so simple a matter should +<span class='pageno' id='Page_291'>291</span>be taken so seriously. The messenger found him “the most appalled +man that ever he saw.” The Marquis answered at first that he would +“liever die than to disclose his friend, for it did not touch the King.” +Afterwards he tried to smooth the matter over by producing a +servant who said that he had heard about the bearward “in Paul’s, +but of whom he could not tell.”<a id='r1530'></a><a href='#f1530' class='c012'><sup>[1530]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Exeter was a loyal friend. On another occasion, when Montague +was in trouble, he defended him in the Privy Council, and offered to +be bound “body for body” for him<a id='r1531'></a><a href='#f1531' class='c012'><sup>[1531]</sup></a>. The Marquis disliked the +King’s policy, but there is no proof that he ever engaged in treasonable +practices. He contented himself with grumbling occasionally +to his friends, and for the rest took things as they came. One day +when Sir Geoffrey Pole was riding to London he met the Marquis +and turned back a little way to talk to him. Exeter said that he +had been compelled to give up his wardenship of Windsor and to +take abbey lands instead.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“What!” cried Sir Geoffrey, “be you come to this point to take +abbey lands now?”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Yea,” said the Marquis, “good enough for a time; they must +have all again one day.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Exeter had on one occasion been obliged to receive Cromwell at +Horsley; he gave his guest “a summer coat and a wood knife.” At +the first opportunity he winked at Sir Geoffrey Pole and said, +“Peace! knaves rule about the King,” and then holding up and +shaking his fist, “I trust to give them a buffet one day.”<a id='r1532'></a><a href='#f1532' class='c012'><sup>[1532]</sup></a> It was +very distasteful to a nobleman of the blood royal to play host to the +lowborn favourite, who was also his personal enemy.</p> + +<p class='c011'>A fortnight before Christmas 1536 a story was told at Stoke in +Somerset of a quarrel between the Lord Privy Seal and the Marquis +of Exeter. It was said that the Marquis had drawn his dagger on +Cromwell, whose life was saved only by his coat of fence. Cromwell +ordered the Marquis to the Tower, “but if he had been put there ... +he would have been fetched out again though the best of the realm +had said nay.”<a id='r1533'></a><a href='#f1533' class='c012'><sup>[1533]</sup></a> There is no reason to believe that this rumour had +any foundation in fact; it bears a marked resemblance to the story +that Lord William Howard had assassinated Richard Cromwell<a id='r1534'></a><a href='#f1534' class='c012'><sup>[1534]</sup></a>. +Nevertheless it illustrates the affection which the people of the west +felt for Exeter.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_292'>292</span>The Marquis hated the new learning and his servants sometimes +quoted their master’s opinions indiscreetly. His “yeoman of the +horse” used to go to a certain goldsmith in London for the garnishing +of horse harness. Protestantism was now spreading rapidly +in London, especially among the shop-keepers, and one day the +yeoman of the horse found the goldsmith’s wife reading the New +Testament in English.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“What do you with these new books of heresy in English?” he +said to her. “Well, well, there will a day come that will pay +for all.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>She asked what day that might be, and he answered, “The day +will come there shall be no more wood spent upon you heretics, but +you will be tied together, sacked, and thrown into Thames.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>When she asked him who should do so, he said the Bishop of +London [Stokesley].</p> + +<p class='c011'>“We care not for the Bishop of London,” she cried, “thanked be +God and our gracious King; but would to God my lord your master +would read the Gospel in English, and suffer his servants to do the +same.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>On this the man affirmed with an oath, “If my Lord know any +of his servants either to have any of these books in English or to +read any of the same, they shall never do him any longer service.”<a id='r1535'></a><a href='#f1535' class='c012'><sup>[1535]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Lord Montague was as little inclined to conspire as his friends, +but he was a careless talker. The cautious Lord Stafford, his brother-in-law, +said, “I like him not, he dare speak so largely.”<a id='r1536'></a><a href='#f1536' class='c012'><sup>[1536]</sup></a> It is +evident from his recorded sayings that he could not refrain from +sallies against Henry and his favourites. He was a man of boldness +and wit and took great pleasure in Sir Thomas More’s books<a id='r1537'></a><a href='#f1537' class='c012'><sup>[1537]</sup></a>. He +thought that the Pilgrimage had been mismanaged: “Twishe, +Geoffrey ... the Lord Darcy played the fool; he went about to pluck +away the council. He should first have begun with the head; but +I beshrew them for leaving off so soon.”<a id='r1538'></a><a href='#f1538' class='c012'><sup>[1538]</sup></a> He was indignant that +the commons had been quieted with false promises. “Time hath +been when nothing was more surer to reckon upon than the promise +of a prince but now they count it no promise, but a policy to blind +the people, wherefore if the commons do rise again they will trust to +no fair promise nor words.”<a id='r1539'></a><a href='#f1539' class='c012'><sup>[1539]</sup></a> In happier circumstances Montague +thought his party might have helped the Pilgrims: “If my lord +<span class='pageno' id='Page_293'>293</span>Abergavenny (his father-in-law) were alive, he were able to make a +great number of men in Kent and Sussex.”<a id='r1540'></a><a href='#f1540' class='c012'><sup>[1540]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Others of Montague’s sayings were that “Wolsey had been an +honest man had he had an honest master”<a id='r1541'></a><a href='#f1541' class='c012'><sup>[1541]</sup></a>; “the King and +Cromwell were both of one nature and what became of the nobility +of the whole realm they cared not so they might live themselves +at their own pleasure”; “the King gloried with the title to be +Supreme Head next God, yet he had a sore leg that no poor man +would be glad of, and that he should not live long for all his +authority next God’s”; and that “the King and his whole issue +stand accursed.”<a id='r1542'></a><a href='#f1542' class='c012'><sup>[1542]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>These words and many others of the same sort were treason +under the new act. Montague “grudged” at this act, and thought +that the Council should devise a “charitable punishment” for treason +“so that men should not die therefore.” He had “seen more gentleness +and benignity in times past at the King’s hands than he doth +nowadays.” Nor was it merely because the new laws pressed hardly +on his own party that he disliked them. If he lived to see a better +world, he hoped that Cromwell and the other “knaves” should “have +punishment for their offences without cruelty.”<a id='r1543'></a><a href='#f1543' class='c012'><sup>[1543]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Montague lived on intimate terms with his brother Sir Geoffrey, +but they had one estrangement when Sir Geoffrey entered the +King’s service against the advice of his brother and the Marquis. +Montague tried to dissuade him by the argument that the King +“would go so far that all the world would mislike him.” He himself +had never loved the King from childhood, and believed that Henry +would some day go mad<a id='r1544'></a><a href='#f1544' class='c012'><sup>[1544]</sup></a>. Moreover nothing was so dangerous as +court favour; “the King never made man but he destroyed him +again, either by displeasure or with the sword.”<a id='r1545'></a><a href='#f1545' class='c012'><sup>[1545]</sup></a> Nevertheless +Sir Geoffrey made suit to the King and was received into his service. +Lord Montague told him bluntly that “they were flatterers who +followed the court and none served the King but knaves.”<a id='r1546'></a><a href='#f1546' class='c012'><sup>[1546]</sup></a> For +a time Sir Geoffrey saw little of his friends, who no longer talked +openly before him but treated him as if he had turned his back on +his own party<a id='r1547'></a><a href='#f1547' class='c012'><sup>[1547]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The news of Reginald Pole’s arrival in Flanders and the attempts +on his life put the whole court and especially the White Rose party +in a flutter. A lady named Elizabeth Darrell, who was certainly a +<span class='pageno' id='Page_294'>294</span>great gossip, told Sir Geoffrey that Peter Mewtas had gone to +Flanders to get rid of the Cardinal<a id='r1548'></a><a href='#f1548' class='c012'><sup>[1548]</sup></a>. It was on this occasion that +Sir Geoffrey sent the Cardinal the above-mentioned warning by +Hugh Holland<a id='r1549'></a><a href='#f1549' class='c012'><sup>[1549]</sup></a>. Later, forgetting their differences, he went to +Lord Montague, whom he found in his garden.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“I hear our brother beyond the sea shall be slain,” he said.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“No,” replied Montague, “he is escaped. I have letters.”<a id='r1550'></a><a href='#f1550' class='c012'><sup>[1550]</sup></a> These +letters must have contained news of the Cardinal’s safe retreat to +Liége. They were from someone who heard the court news, Mistress +Darrell or the Lady Marquis of Exeter.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“By God’s blood,” swore Sir Geoffrey later to Mistress Darrell, +“and if he [Mewtas] had slain him [the Cardinal] I would have +thrust my dagger in him although he had been at the King’s heels.”<a id='r1551'></a><a href='#f1551' class='c012'><sup>[1551]</sup></a> +He was not as yet on his old terms with Montague, or he would +surely have told him of the message from the Cardinal, however +much he feared his brother’s lack of discretion. Hugh Holland’s +errand was the only definite act of treason committed by any of the +Poles, and Sir Geoffrey alone was responsible for it. The Cardinal’s +danger was discussed in Lord Montague’s household, where the +servants believed that the Cardinal “should do them all good one +day,” and that “it were a [meet] marriage betwixt my Lady Mary +and the Cardinal Pole.”<a id='r1552'></a><a href='#f1552' class='c012'><sup>[1552]</sup></a> One of the servants, named Morgan Wells, +said openly that he “would kill with a hand-gun Peter Mewtas or +any other whom he should know to kill the Cardinal Pole, and that +he was going overseas for that purpose.” When he told this to +Lord Montague’s chaplain, John Collins, he was bidden to “be of +good mind and make a cross in his forehead.”<a id='r1553'></a><a href='#f1553' class='c012'><sup>[1553]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>In October 1537 Sir Geoffrey Pole went to court, “but the King +would not suffer him to come in.”<a id='r1554'></a><a href='#f1554' class='c012'><sup>[1554]</sup></a> Thus banished he went down to +Bockmore, his brother’s place in Buckinghamshire, and was received +again into Montague’s confidence. “Geoffrey, God loveth us well,” +was Montague’s greeting, “that will not suffer us to be amongst +them; for none rule about the court but knaves.”<a id='r1555'></a><a href='#f1555' class='c012'><sup>[1555]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>One night Montague told Sir Geoffrey “lying in bed” that he +had just dreamt that the King was dead. “And now,” quoth he, +“we shall see some ruffling and bid Mr Cromwell good deane with +all his devises.”<a id='r1556'></a><a href='#f1556' class='c012'><sup>[1556]</sup></a> Later he said, “The King is not dead, but he will +<span class='pageno' id='Page_295'>295</span>one day die suddenly; his leg will kill him and then we shall have +jolly stirring.”<a id='r1557'></a><a href='#f1557' class='c012'><sup>[1557]</sup></a> It must have been hope of this day that kept them +in England, for they were well aware of their danger. Starkey, the +King’s chaplain, who had formerly been a great friend of Reginald’s, +warned the brothers that “if the King were not of a good nature,” +Cromwell “for one Pole’s sake would destroy all Poles.”<a id='r1558'></a><a href='#f1558' class='c012'><sup>[1558]</sup></a> “The +King, to be revenged of Reynold, I fear will kill us all,” Montague +told his brother, and added that he wished they were both with +the Bishop of St Luke [Luik <i>i.e.</i> Liége], who was an honest man +and a friend of the Cardinal. “Marry,” said Sir Geoffrey, “an you +fear such jeopardy, let us be walking hence quickly.”<a id='r1559'></a><a href='#f1559' class='c012'><sup>[1559]</sup></a> But Montague +could by no means make up his mind to fly, though Geoffrey often +urged it upon him. Reginald, when Geoffrey wished to join him, had +advised them both to “tarry in England and hold up yea and nay +there.”<a id='r1560'></a><a href='#f1560' class='c012'><sup>[1560]</sup></a> A non-committal attitude was impossible to Montague, but +he determined to await the issue at home.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Geoffrey was anxious to leave the realm for other besides +political reasons. He often urged Hugh Holland to contrive his +escape, with promises of ample reward when he reached Reginald’s +friends, but Holland was afraid to do more than he had already done +and always refused<a id='r1561'></a><a href='#f1561' class='c012'><sup>[1561]</sup></a>. Sir Geoffrey lacked ready money, and his debts +were “a great occasion for him to flee.” In this extremity he turned +for help to George Croftes, the chancellor of Chichester Cathedral. +Croftes was an ecclesiastic of the old school. When the Supremacy +Act was passed he prepared to leave the country rather than take +the oath, but Lord Delaware, his intimate friend, persuaded him to +conform<a id='r1562'></a><a href='#f1562' class='c012'><sup>[1562]</sup></a>. Sir Geoffrey told Croftes that he was determined to leave +England with the next fair wind, for safeguard of his life. Croftes +lent him twenty nobles to help him on his journey.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Next morning Croftes wrote to Sir Geoffrey advising him to stay +in England, for “he had the most marvellous dream that night that +ever he had in his life, and that he thought Our Lady did appear +unto him and she wed [<i>i.e.</i> <i>pledged</i>] him that it should be the +destruction of the said Sir Geoffrey and of all his kin if he departed +the realm.”<a id='r1563'></a><a href='#f1563' class='c012'><sup>[1563]</sup></a> The dream must have impressed Sir Geoffrey, for he +gave up his plan and returned the twenty nobles<a id='r1564'></a><a href='#f1564' class='c012'><sup>[1564]</sup></a>. Croftes went +to John Collins, Montague’s chaplain, and told him the whole matter, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_296'>296</span>begging him to ask his master to pay Sir Geoffrey’s debts. “Whereupon +there was a way taken by the said Lord Montague that all his +said debts amounting to a great sum were paid.”<a id='r1565'></a><a href='#f1565' class='c012'><sup>[1565]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>It is sad that this good-hearted old priest should have all unwittingly +brought their fate on the heads of the house of Pole. +Dreams were the curse of the White Rose party.</p> + +<p class='c011'>NOTES TO CHAPTER XXII</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note A. “Spes mea in Deo est” was a motto much used in the decoration +of the Countess’s house at Warblington<a id='r1566'></a><a href='#f1566' class='c012'><sup>[1566]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note B. The letter is printed in full by Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>, and +by Merriman, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, no. 218. It has so often been quoted and is so deservedly +well known that it is necessary to include only a few quotations which are very +much to the point.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note C. Early in August 1914 a civilian was travelling in a carriage full of +young miners just embodied in their Territorial unit and in the wildest spirits. +“I suppose you’re longing to meet a German?” he asked one of them. “By! +If I meets a Garman, I’m off,” said the lad. He was certainly avowing an +intention to desert in action; but I wonder if he did? Froude was too hard +upon the unfortunate Sir Geoffrey Pole in several respects. This was partly +owing to the fact that he had not the full evidence, arranged and dated, before +him.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Note D. This speech is pieced together from three different reports of the +same words.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_297'>297</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XXIII<br> <span class='c009'>THE EXETER CONSPIRACY</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>On 12 October 1537, Queen Jane gave birth to a son. Froude +enthusiastically describes the public rejoicings: “The crown had an +undoubted heir. The succession was sure. The King, who was +supposed to be under a curse which refused him male posterity, +was relieved from the bane. Providence had borne witness for him +and had rewarded his policy. No revolution need be looked for on +his death. The Catholics could not hope for their ‘jolly stirring.’—The +insurrection was crushed. A prince was born. England was +saved.”<a id='r1567'></a><a href='#f1567' class='c012'><sup>[1567]</sup></a> No doubt the birth of the prince greatly strengthened the +King’s position. But perhaps the rejoicings of the people were not +quite so heart-felt nor so universal as appeared outwardly. At least +the following story shows that the hidden hatred of the King +extended itself to his innocent baby son.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Some months after the birth of the prince a group of idlers were +watching the funeral of a child in a London churchyard. For some +reason the priest became suspicious, and, opening the shroud, found +no child but a waxen image with two pins stuck through it. One of +the bystanders went to a friend, a scrivener, said to be skilled in +conjuring, and asked what this might mean. “Marry,” said the +scrivener, “it was made to waste one. But,” quoth he, “he that +made it was not his craft’s master, for he should have put it either +in horse-dung or in a dunghill.” “Why, may one kill a man after +this sort?” cried the other. “Yea, that may be done well enough,” +said the man skilled in magic<a id='r1568'></a><a href='#f1568' class='c012'><sup>[1568]</sup></a>. The story of the wax child was +rumoured through the country<a id='r1569'></a><a href='#f1569' class='c012'><sup>[1569]</sup></a>, and it was said that the life so +uncannily attacked was that of the baby Prince. On the death of +Queen Jane rumours had been blown abroad that both the King +and the Prince were dead as well<a id='r1570'></a><a href='#f1570' class='c012'><sup>[1570]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_298'>298</span>Any discussion of the general state of Europe would be out of +place here, but a rough sketch of the situation is necessary. +Henry was virtually at war with the Pope and though he was at +peace with all the other powers he was on bad terms with his +nephew James V of Scotland, his relations with the Emperor were +strained, and his friendship with Francis far from cordial. His only +real allies were the Protestant States of Germany. In these circumstances +the Pope was naturally making every effort to obtain +an ally who would fight for him against Henry. James would not +invade England without French help; and Francis could not afford +to have a second war on his hands. The Pope’s scheme was therefore +to reconcile Francis and Charles, and then publish his censures on +the understanding that they would refuse to continue their treaties +with Henry unless he returned to the pale of the Church. If this +had not the desired effect they were to forbid all trade whatsoever +between their dominions and England. This, as the court of Rome +thought, could not fail to end in a complete and bloodless victory. +It was a beautiful plan; wiser men in later ages have believed it +possible to stop the trade of nations by a word. On account of her +isolation both in place and policy, England has often been the +intended victim of such interdicts. Once, long afterwards, one was +really attempted; there is no reason to believe that the Pope would +have been more successful than Napoleon.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The first step was to reconcile Francis and Charles; one bond +between them was their common dislike of the King of England. +On becoming a widower Henry proposed to use his hand as a prize +in the game of international politics. To his intense annoyance he +found it was a prize which no one very much coveted. It was in +vain he tried to strengthen himself by proposing to the Emperor a +marriage with the Dowager Duchess of Milan and hinting to Francis +that he was anxious to bestow his hand on a French Princess. He +even made overtures for Mary of Guise when she was already +betrothed to the King of Scots. In December peace was concluded +between Francis and the Emperor; Henry hoped that by a skilful +use of all opportunities to inflame their jealousy it might be a short +and disturbed one, but for once the Pope decidedly had the advantage. +In May 1538, Charles and Francis met at Nice: the Pope +joined them there, with Pole among his attendant Cardinals. The +two princes agreed on a ten years’ truce and parted the best of +friends. They did not pledge themselves to anything with regard +to England, though they listened politely to the Pope’s schemes and +<span class='pageno' id='Page_299'>299</span>made no definite refusal. They were firm in their temporary friendship +and Henry in vain tried to make Francis distrust his new ally +by sending reports that Mary was to be betrothed to Don Luis of +Portugal and the Duchy of Milan settled upon them. Moreover he +had deeply offended the whole French Court by suggesting that +several of the princesses might meet him at Calais and he would +choose a bride among them.</p> + +<p class='c011'>If Henry was no nearer his re-marriage in August 1538 than +he had been nine months before, neither was the Pope nearer his +dream of the submission of England. Charles was preoccupied with +the Turks and his own Protestants in Germany, and had no time to +look for infidels and heretics in other countries. As to Francis, all +his ambitions were fixed on strengthening his position on the continent, +nor did he care in the least about the unity of the Faith, for +which Charles had some regard. Neither of them would take the +risk and expense of invading England without the other’s help; but +a joint expedition was out of the question, for Charles would only +have undertaken it on behalf of Mary, and Francis only in hopes of +establishing James V on the thrones of both kingdoms. The appearance +of a legitimate male heir to Henry was equally embarrassing to +the rival schemers; and no doubt they determined to wait for a +better time. The Prince might die in infancy, as all Katharine’s +sons had done, or in youth, like the Duke of Richmond. As to the +Pope’s plan of stopping England’s trade, it would mean considerable +loss and no particular profit for both, and that matter was tacitly +dropped. In spite of the truce and the meeting at Nice, Henry was +in little more danger than before, and in much less than he appeared +to be. The fate of the Poles was hastened because Henry feared an +invasion by the Emperor at the Pope’s instigation—and feared it +more than he need have done. But in them he was punishing if not +exactly the innocent, at least the helpless. No European monarch +had Exeter’s claim to the crown at heart: quite the contrary. If +Charles relied on the Pole faction to raise a popular commotion in +his favour (as Froude suggests), he was leaning on a very feeble +reed<a id='r1571'></a><a href='#f1571' class='c012'><sup>[1571]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Meanwhile in England itself the King’s policy was triumphant. +The destruction of the shrines, the surrenders of the great monasteries +went merrily forward. Our Lady’s images and the bones of +St Thomas were burnt in company with numerous “heretics,” who +<span class='pageno' id='Page_300'>300</span>denied orthodox doctrines, and Friar Forest, who denied the King’s +Supremacy<a id='r1572'></a><a href='#f1572' class='c012'><sup>[1572]</sup></a>. More commonplace executions for treason made a little +variety. One of these was a sequel to the Pilgrimage, and the victim +was no other than Thomas Miller, Lancaster Herald. He had been +zealous for the King if ever man was: he had gone fearlessly to and +fro between the rebels and the King’s troops, respected by all; he +had turned the course of the Archbishop’s famous sermon at Pontefract; +he had been “ungoodly handled” when he carried the King’s +pardon to Durham; and all to end in his sharing the Pilgrims’ fate. +In the summer of 1538 the following charges were brought against +him:—</p> + +<p class='c010'>(1) He encouraged the rebels by kneeling before Robert Aske +in Pontefract Castle.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(2) He promised the rebels that Cromwell should be delivered +to them and their demands granted.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(3) He discouraged the King’s troops by saying the rebels had +ten thousand horsemen, each with twenty angels in his pocket.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(4) He showed the King’s plans to the rebels.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(5) He defamed Cromwell and spread lying rumours against +him, which chiefly made the northern men hate him.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(6) He answered, when asked how the northern men could be +brought together seeing they had but two flags and no trumpets, +drumslades, tabors or other instruments, that “it was marvel, but +such was God,” by which he traitorously implied that God could +help rebels<a id='r1573'></a><a href='#f1573' class='c012'><sup>[1573]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c010'>All these accusations, except the first and the last, were based on +the unsupported evidence of two of the other heralds, who were his +personal enemies, and could not possibly know what he had said +while in the rebel host<a id='r1574'></a><a href='#f1574' class='c012'><sup>[1574]</sup></a>. Lancaster had knelt to Robert Aske, but +from anything rather than disloyal motives; the remark in the last +articles might have been made without any treasonable intent; all +the rest look much like pure inventions. It was very easy in Tudor +times to swear an enemy’s life away; if he had no near kinsfolk, +there was nothing to trouble the perjurer afterwards but his own +conscience.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Thomas Miller was hanged at York on 1 August, and the judge +“devised that Lancaster’s head should be set up by the body of +Aske.”<a id='r1575'></a><a href='#f1575' class='c012'><sup>[1575]</sup></a> It was not two years since Aske had greeted the herald so +<span class='pageno' id='Page_301'>301</span>proudly in Pontefract Castle Hall. Two others, the vicar of Newark +and a monk of Fountains, died for treason at the same time<a id='r1576'></a><a href='#f1576' class='c012'><sup>[1576]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>At most of the northern assizes at this time one or two priests +were executed for preaching against the Supremacy, or kindred +offences. John Dobson, who dealt so largely in prophecies<a id='r1577'></a><a href='#f1577' class='c012'><sup>[1577]</sup></a>, paid a +heavy penalty for his string of rhymes, and another priest suffered +with him. A third offender was a woman accused of witchcraft<a id='r1578'></a><a href='#f1578' class='c012'><sup>[1578]</sup></a>. +Her name was Mabel Brigg, and she was a widow and farm-servant +in Holderness. She was condemned for keeping the “Black Fast” +or “St Trynian’s Fast” against the King and the Duke of Norfolk. +It was said that she had once before fasted in the same way “for a +man, and he brake his neck or it were all fasted, and so she trusted +that they should do that had made all this business, and that was the +King and this false Duke.” The witnesses did not agree as to how +the fast was kept. It seems to have lasted six weeks, one day in +each week being kept a fast day, and each week a day later than the +last. This method of fasting was also used when money had been +lost, in hopes of bringing about its recovery. It seems possible that +Mabel Brigg was really fasting for this end and not for the King’s +death, for the evidence is not very satisfactory, and the whole case is +complicated by blackmail and private malice<a id='r1579'></a><a href='#f1579' class='c012'><sup>[1579]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>These stories are told for the sake of such light as they may throw +on the state of England during 1538. The outstanding events of the +year, especially the universal destruction of the abbeys, are too well +known to need any description<a id='r1580'></a><a href='#f1580' class='c012'><sup>[1580]</sup></a>. The Protestants, in spite of the +burning of heretics, were rapidly increasing. The Papists, still vastly +more powerful in numbers, were crushed in spirit. Everyone, from +the greatest noble to the poorest commoner, could if he tried make +something out of the fall of the monasteries; this fact influenced all +classes, but especially the gentlemen, who sold, if not their souls, at +least their honour, for a parcel of abbey lands. Only a few of the +commons had enough intelligence to see that the King was killing +the goose that laid his subjects golden eggs. Even if the worst +accusations against the monks were true, if they all lived in idle +luxury, careless of their old-time hospitality, spending on themselves +the alms due to the poor; still as long as the abbeys remained in +their hands they were not wholly lost to the people. The lands were +still there; a religious revival might return them to their original +<span class='pageno' id='Page_302'>302</span>uses; wise legislation might convert the abbeys into schools and +hospitals. But when all the dedicated wealth of the religious passed +through the King’s hands into those of extravagant favourites and +grasping landlords, then, indeed, they were lost for ever to the poor of +England. Whether the Reformation was good or bad it is useless to +consider; that it was inevitable is quite clear; but that it was most +grossly mismanaged and caused endless misery and injustice it is +surely impossible to deny.</p> + +<p class='c011'>When Cardinal Pole returned to Rome from his first legation he +found that the Pope had caused his book, <cite><span lang="la">De Unitate</span></cite>, to be printed. +Characteristically he objected to this decided step, and had the +entire edition bought up<a id='r1581'></a><a href='#f1581' class='c012'><sup>[1581]</sup></a>. Concluding too much from the King’s +anger on reading it, he believed it was a good weapon to hold over +Henry’s head. It seems almost pitiful that any man should expect +to frighten Henry into better behaviour with a book. After the +meeting at Nice, Pole retired to Venice for the summer of 1538. +Theobald, an English student in Italy, and also a member of +Cromwell’s secret service, sent amusing accounts of his way of life +to the English Government<a id='r1582'></a><a href='#f1582' class='c012'><sup>[1582]</sup></a>. He got his news from Michael +Throgmorton, who may have been unsuspicious, or may have sent +through him such reports as he thought would do good in England. +Cromwell heard of the Cardinal’s fear of assassination, and the +precautions taken against it, which Theobald rather humorously +imputed to his evil conscience<a id='r1583'></a><a href='#f1583' class='c012'><sup>[1583]</sup></a>. Pole lived quietly in Venice, and +it was there that he heard in September of Sir Geoffrey’s arrest.</p> + +<p class='c011'>During 1538 the conduct of the White Rose party was neither +better nor worse than before. They were still out of favour, and still +grumbled among themselves, but they were becoming more indifferent +to the King’s proceedings<a id='r1584'></a><a href='#f1584' class='c012'><sup>[1584]</sup></a>. They contented themselves with showing +their dislike to the religious changes by dismissing any servants who +favoured the new learning, and keeping conservative priests about +them. Montague and Exeter assumed a fictitious “strangeness” +towards each other on account of the suspicion in which they were +held. By the court they were slighted and insulted. In the summer +of 1538 Henry made a progress through the south, and stayed near +Warblington where the Countess of Salisbury lived, but he passed by +and did not come to visit her, although she was his kinswoman, and +in the days of Queen Katharine’s power he had loved and venerated +<span class='pageno' id='Page_303'>303</span>her. “Well, let it pass,” said Montague, speaking of this slight, “we +shall thank them one day. This world will turn upso-down, and +I fear me we shall have no lack but of honest men.” A little while +before this Geoffrey had told Montague of the messages he had +received from Reginald a year before.</p> + +<p class='c011'>About the same time Cromwell sent his nephew Richard to +Exeter to beg him “to be frank in opening certain things.” This +seems to mean that the Marquis was offered safety and pardon if he +would accuse his friends. He refused<a id='r1585'></a><a href='#f1585' class='c012'><sup>[1585]</sup></a>. The King set about finding +other witnesses.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The first that presented himself was Gervaise Tyndale, late a +schoolmaster at Grantham<a id='r1586'></a><a href='#f1586' class='c012'><sup>[1586]</sup></a>, a “new-fangled fellow” of “heretic” +opinions. Three or four years before, the friars had driven away his +pupils. In the spring of 1538 he came to Warblington in bad health +and took up his quarters with Richard Eyre, a surgeon, who administered +a kind of hospital kept up by the Countess of Salisbury’s +bounty. Here he heard all the whispering and gossiping of her +household and was filled with the true Protestant horror of her +Papist bigotry. She dismissed any servants who favoured the new +learning, or as Tyndale said “God’s word”; she openly forbade her +tenants to read the New Testament in English and other books +which the King had licensed; nothing passed in all the countryside +but the Lady presently knew it, for the priests learnt everything in +confession and then told her. No wonder this was resented, though +people admitted that the Countess used her power kindly; her servants +blamed the chaplains rather than their mistress. “There were a +company of priests in my lady’s house which did her much harm and +kept her from the true knowledge of God’s word.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Tyndale was discovered to be a heretic and asked to depart. He +refused stoutly; “I would not depart neither for lord nor lady till +I were better amended.” The Countess then ordered the surgeon to +send away all his patients. Tyndale did not leave the neighbourhood +until he had picked up a good deal of information. Eyre told him +“very secretly” that “there is a knave which dwelleth by, whose +name is Hugh Holland, and he beginneth now of late to act the +merchant man and the broker, for he goeth over sea and conveys +letters to Master Heliar ... and he playeth the knave of the other +hand and conveyeth letters to Master Pole the Cardinal, and all the +secrets of the realm of England is known to the Bishop of Rome.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>As far as can be made out (for the document we quote is mutilated +<span class='pageno' id='Page_304'>304</span>in parts) Tyndale wished to open a school in the neighbourhood and +was opposed by all the priests. In a quarrel with one of them he +called him a knave and accused him of “scarcely” being the King’s +friend. The constable, standing by “in a great fume,” defended the +priest saying, “It was merry in this country before such fellows +came, which findeth such faults with our honest priests”; but he +was rather frightened by the turn the conversation had taken, +and told the whole matter to Sir Geoffrey Pole<a id='r1587'></a><a href='#f1587' class='c012'><sup>[1587]</sup></a>. Sir Geoffrey was +troubled on finding that Hugh Holland’s voyages were so much +talked about. He took Holland and Eyre, who was a gossip and a +grumbler but not really ill-disposed to his mistress, and rode to the +Lord Privy Seal. He had an explanation with Cromwell about +his correspondence with Heliar<a id='r1588'></a><a href='#f1588' class='c012'><sup>[1588]</sup></a> “and made such shift that the +matter was cloaked.” Heliar’s goods had been seized on the +report that he had fled after speaking traitorous words; they +were now restored, and no doubt Sir Geoffrey thought the affair +settled, probably by a bribe to Cromwell. But the little group of +heretics at Warblington were very ill satisfied: they believed that if +only they could get word with the Lord Privy Seal they could “so +discover the matter that they should no longer blind him in it as +they have done.” At length they drew up a long and rambling +statement of everything suspicious they had seen or heard in the +Countess’ household and despatched it to Cromwell. It is undated +but probably belongs to May or June 1538<a id='r1589'></a><a href='#f1589' class='c012'><sup>[1589]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The only serious accusation was that Hugh Holland had carried +treasonable letters to the Cardinal, and the first result was his arrest. +He was taken at Lord Montague’s house at Bockmore and there was +a “ruffle” with the King’s officers<a id='r1590'></a><a href='#f1590' class='c012'><sup>[1590]</sup></a>. As he was being carried prisoner +“with his hands bound behind him and his legs bound under his +horse’s belly,” along the London road, he met Sir Geoffrey who asked +him where he was “bound to go.” Hugh answered he could not tell, +but he bade Sir Geoffrey “keep on his way, for he should not be long +after.”<a id='r1591'></a><a href='#f1591' class='c012'><sup>[1591]</sup></a> This was the popular story, spread through the country by +a certain harper of Havant, and there is something rather balladlike +about it, though that is no reason for supposing it untrue.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Geoffrey kept on his way to Bockmore, where he was living +at the time, and took counsel with his brother<a id='r1592'></a><a href='#f1592' class='c012'><sup>[1592]</sup></a>. He suggested “that +the keeping of letters might turn a man’s friends to hurt.” Montague +<span class='pageno' id='Page_305'>305</span>answered, “Nay, they shall hurt no friend of mine, for I have burnt +all my letters.”<a id='r1593'></a><a href='#f1593' class='c012'><sup>[1593]</sup></a> Sir Geoffrey had not been so prudent, and he at +once despatched John Collins, the chaplain, to his house at Lordington<a id='r1594'></a><a href='#f1594' class='c012'><sup>[1594]</sup></a>. +He gave him a ring as a token to his wife, Dame Constance, +and on receiving this she took the priest to her husband’s closet, and +there he burnt all the letters he could find<a id='r1595'></a><a href='#f1595' class='c012'><sup>[1595]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>This burning of letters was afterwards made much of by the +Government prosecution, which said that they must have contained +treasonable matter. The circumstances were certainly suspicious, +but not a single treasonable paper was proved to have existed, +though the papers of both brothers were remembered and described +by servants and friends. Among Geoffrey’s there was an old letter +to Heliar, which may have contained treason, but seems to have +been quite harmless<a id='r1596'></a><a href='#f1596' class='c012'><sup>[1596]</sup></a>. There was also a bundle of letters from John +Stokesley, the Bishop of London, who was a friend of Sir Geoffrey<a id='r1597'></a><a href='#f1597' class='c012'><sup>[1597]</sup></a>. +He was reported to be one of the few honest bishops<a id='r1598'></a><a href='#f1598' class='c012'><sup>[1598]</sup></a>, and though +heretics might preach at Paul’s cross it was with none of his goodwill<a id='r1599'></a><a href='#f1599' class='c012'><sup>[1599]</sup></a>; +he may have been the friend Sir Geoffrey feared bringing to +harm. There was a copy of a letter from Sir Geoffrey to the Imperial +Ambassador; Collins loyally declared that it merely begged favour for +Heliar, but of all described this is the most likely to have contained +treason. Finally he burnt a letter or letters concerning Latimer; when +told of this last, Sir Geoffrey said, “What, you have burnt that also? +Those letters were shown before the Council, and my lord of Norfolk +told me I might keep those letters well enough.” Collins rode back +to Bockmore and told Montague his errand was done. His master +asked him how Dame Constance did, and he replied “as a woman in +her case might, meaning that she was in heaviness for such news as +was of her husband ... and opening of Hugh Holland’s going overseas.”<a id='r1600'></a><a href='#f1600' class='c012'><sup>[1600]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Montague had been in the habit of burning all his letters shortly +after receiving them; a habit perhaps not common in the days when +letters were scarcer than they are now. Among them had been +copies of three letters from Reginald Pole to the King, Cromwell, +and the Bishop of Durham respectively. These were the letters +brought by Michael Throgmorton in 1536<a id='r1601'></a><a href='#f1601' class='c012'><sup>[1601]</sup></a>; Starkey must have given +Montague the copies; and as both he and his mother had been +required to write and reprove Reginald for sending them there seems +<span class='pageno' id='Page_306'>306</span>nothing very strange in that. Montague had showed them to Collins +with some triumph; the chaplain said his brother “wrote somewhat +roughly to the Lord Privy Seal.” “Marry, I warrant you,” cried +Montague, “he uttereth his mind plainly.”<a id='r1602'></a><a href='#f1602' class='c012'><sup>[1602]</sup></a> There were two other +letters from Reginald to his mother and brother; but they had been +written before the quarrel with the King and were about family +affairs; in the one to his brother, Reginald advised that his nephew +Henry, Montague’s only son, should be brought up at home to live +an active life<a id='r1603'></a><a href='#f1603' class='c012'><sup>[1603]</sup></a>. Montague had also burnt letters from Exeter and his +wife—at least he had received such letters several times during the +last three years, and they were not found on his arrest: none of +their contents was discovered except the most ordinary enquiries and +answers about health<a id='r1604'></a><a href='#f1604' class='c012'><sup>[1604]</sup></a>. They may very well have contained nothing +else, for they seem to have passed only when one or other of the +friends was ill.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After Collins’s return from Lordington, Montague and Sir Geoffrey +rode together to London<a id='r1605'></a><a href='#f1605' class='c012'><sup>[1605]</sup></a>, determined to face the matter out as well +as they might. All these things, from Hugh Holland’s arrest onward, +happened “between Whitsuntide and Midsummer,” or about “the +feast of Corpus Christi” (10 June). They spent many weeks of +uncertainty before Sir Geoffrey was committed to the Tower on +29 August<a id='r1606'></a><a href='#f1606' class='c012'><sup>[1606]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Some time before Lord Montague had told his brother to disclose +nothing if ever he were examined “for if he opened one all must +needs come out.”<a id='r1607'></a><a href='#f1607' class='c012'><sup>[1607]</sup></a> This was very sound advice. A study of various +confessions shows that a prisoner often began by intending to say very +little, and ended by blurting out everything he knew, and sometimes +even more. At first Sir Geoffrey tried to do his brother’s bidding, but +he lacked the strength of body and mind which can carry a man silent +through two months in the Tower. His wife was allowed to visit +him and she presently told Montague that her husband “was in a +frenzy and might utter rash things.” Montague replied, “It forceth +not what a madman speaketh.”<a id='r1608'></a><a href='#f1608' class='c012'><sup>[1608]</sup></a> On 26 October Sir Geoffrey made +his first answers to the interrogatories administered. They did not +satisfy the examiners, for he accused hardly anyone but himself. +Montague, Exeter, and Delaware, he said, had once disliked the +King’s proceedings but of late years their minds had changed. At +the end he beseeches the King “that he may have good keeping and +<span class='pageno' id='Page_307'>307</span>cherishing, and thereby somewhat comfort himself, and have better +stay of himself,” and he will then tell all he knows even though it +touch his own mother or brother<a id='r1609'></a><a href='#f1609' class='c012'><sup>[1609]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In the first days of November his friends heard that, knowing his +steadfastness gone, he had made one last effort to save their lives +and his own honour, and had “almost slain himself.”<a id='r1610'></a><a href='#f1610' class='c012'><sup>[1610]</sup></a> He must +have made the attempt immediately after the first examination, for +it was known in London on 28 October, when John Hussee wrote to +Lord Lisle, “Sir Geoffrey Pole was examined in the Tower by my +Lord Admiral. They say he was so in despair that he would have +murdered himself, and has hurt himself sore. Please keep this secret +as yet.”<a id='r1611'></a><a href='#f1611' class='c012'><sup>[1611]</sup></a> There is a contemporary account of the matter though it +really throws less light on poor Geoffrey’s character than on the +religious ideas of the court party. It tells how for a long time the +prisoner would reveal nothing though “conscience and God” worked +in his mind against “blood and nature,” urging him to tell all. +“This motion ran oft in his head, but the devil, continual adversary +to God’s honour and man’s wealth, put in his foot, and so tossed this +wretched soul, that out of many evils he chose even the worst of all, +which was a full purpose to slay himself. The commodities of his +death were many, as the devil made them to show: his brother +should live still, their family continue in honour, the Lord Marquis +should have great cause to love all his blood, which had killed +himself to save him; with many such fantasies as desperate men +find to help them to their end.... His keeper being absent, a knife +at hand upon the table, he riseth out of his bed, and taketh the +knife, and with full intent to die, gave himself a stab with the knife +upon the breast. The devil lacketh strength, when God has anything +to do, and can better begin things than bring them to effect.” The +knife was blunt and the wound not mortal. But in great fear of +death and hell he began to think it better his friends should lose +their heads than he his soul. He sent for the Lieutenant of the +Tower and certain of the Privy Council and disclosed everything +then and there. Thus the devil’s subtle provision of the knife was +turned against himself<a id='r1612'></a><a href='#f1612' class='c012'><sup>[1612]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The last part of this account is more or less untrue. Sir Geoffrey +did not reveal everything in instant fear of death; he was examined +seven times in all at intervals of a day or two<a id='r1613'></a><a href='#f1613' class='c012'><sup>[1613]</sup></a>. But of course the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_308'>308</span>examiners made the most of the state of moral collapse likely to +follow a weak man’s attempted suicide.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Chance played into their hands. Fitzwilliam, the Lord Admiral, +who had lately been created Earl of Southampton, was at Cowdray, +his seat in Sussex, during September. On the 17th he was out +hawking with Lord Delaware when a poor man came to beg favour +of him. His wife, he said, had been committed to Chichester prison +by John Gunter, J.P., for saying that Sir Geoffrey Pole would have +sent a band of men oversea to the Cardinal if he had not been sent +to the Tower. Southampton seized upon the clue like a modern +sleuth hound, and brought to light a great deal of country gossip +about the Poles, who were the great family of the neighbourhood<a id='r1614'></a><a href='#f1614' class='c012'><sup>[1614]</sup></a>. +Going abroad to the Emperor’s wars was a recognised career for +adventurous young men, as the following story shows. In May 1538, +a serving-man of Chichester said: “Master, I can have no living +here. I will go beyond sea: for I know one John Stappill hath been +there in the Emperor’s wars, and is now come home like a jolly +fellow apparelled in scarlet, and a hundred crowns in his purse”; this +friend would get the King’s licence for him to go abroad, and also +“for half-a-score more of my Lady of Salisbury’s servants.” If they +could not get service under the Emperor they would go to Cardinal +Pole, “and there we shall be sure to be retained.”<a id='r1615'></a><a href='#f1615' class='c012'><sup>[1615]</sup></a> According to +popular rumour Sir Geoffrey had intended to despatch this band to +his brother in March. It was also whispered that the King and his +Council would have burnt my Lady of Salisbury when they were in +Sussex if she had been a young woman. The reports were traced to +Lawrence Taylor, the harper of Havant, who confessed he had heard +of the matter from the surgeon Richard Eyre, the tattler who was at +the bottom of all the trouble. After examining him, John Gunter +had released Taylor, who went off to a wedding. When Southampton +heard this he turned on the unfortunate magistrate, accusing him of +negligence and saying he had acted “like an untrue man. He +waxed pale and with tears and sobbing besought me (Southampton) +to be good to him; he had not seen the importance of the matter at +the beginning, but would make amends by his diligent search for +the said Lawrence.”<a id='r1616'></a><a href='#f1616' class='c012'><sup>[1616]</sup></a> He delivered the harper to Southampton next +day<a id='r1617'></a><a href='#f1617' class='c012'><sup>[1617]</sup></a>, and was so worked upon by his fears that he himself reported to +Southampton some private conversations he had had with Sir Geoffrey +Pole. Two years afterwards Sir Geoffrey “did sore hurt and wound” +<span class='pageno' id='Page_309'>309</span>John Gunter, because “he had dealt unkindly with him in his trouble +by uttering things they had communed of in secret.”<a id='r1618'></a><a href='#f1618' class='c012'><sup>[1618]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Primed with so much information, Southampton rode to London +to conduct Sir Geoffrey’s examination. He knew quite enough to +make it appear that he knew everything; he had only to perform +the common lawyer’s trick of making a desperate man believe it is +useless to conceal what he knows, that he may save himself by +confession but can save no one else by silence. It is easy for a +man like Froude, who was a weak sentimentalist and so unable to +sympathise with weakness in others, to condemn Sir Geoffrey as a +traitor. But the prisoners of those days had to undergo something +far worse than the most savage modern cross-examination. To begin +with, a man charged with treason was in a hopeless case: no jury +would acquit him. His one chance was the King’s mercy, and that +could only be gained by accusing others.</p> + +<p class='c011'>A man who does not fear death (Sir Geoffrey had tried to destroy +himself) may fear torture. There is nothing to prove that Pole was +threatened with the rack, and it seems to have been the custom to +spare men of noble birth. Popular rumour said he was so threatened<a id='r1619'></a><a href='#f1619' class='c012'><sup>[1619]</sup></a>, +and Richard Moryson denied it with much elaboration<a id='r1620'></a><a href='#f1620' class='c012'><sup>[1620]</sup></a>: both assertions +are quite untrustworthy. An openly spoken threat was not +needed; a prisoner worn out with two months of close confinement +and low living does not need any reminder; the fact that he is in +the Tower, helpless before men who wield the powers of life and +death and pain is threat enough. We can understand this only too +clearly when we read this letter to the King, added in Sir Geoffrey’s +hand to his second examination, taken on 2 November<a id='r1621'></a><a href='#f1621' class='c012'><sup>[1621]</sup></a>:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Sir, I beseech your noble Grace to pardon my wretchedness that I have +not done my bounden duty unto your Grace heretofore as I ought to have +done, but, Sir, grace coming to me to consider your nobleness always to me, +and now especially in my extreme necessity, as I perceive by my Lord +Admiral and Mr Comptroller (<i>the examiners</i>), your goodness shall not be +lost on me, but surely as I found your Grace always faithful unto me, so +I refuse all creature living to be faithful to you. Your humble slave, +Geffrey Pole.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>When this letter was written he had as yet accused no one but +himself and Hugh Holland of serious offences<a id='r1622'></a><a href='#f1622' class='c012'><sup>[1622]</sup></a>. But his confessions +became rapidly more and more compromising to his friends<a id='r1623'></a><a href='#f1623' class='c012'><sup>[1623]</sup></a>. He +<span class='pageno' id='Page_310'>310</span>told the details of many political conversations with Exeter, with +Sir Edward Neville, with Croftes the chancellor of Chichester +Cathedral, but chiefly with his own brother. Jerome Ragland, a +confidential servant of Montague “who was as it were his right +hand,”<a id='r1624'></a><a href='#f1624' class='c012'><sup>[1624]</sup></a> made a long confession against his master on 28 (?) October<a id='r1625'></a><a href='#f1625' class='c012'><sup>[1625]</sup></a>. +Perhaps Sir Geoffrey was confronted with this. The most pitiful +record of all is a statement in Sir Geoffrey’s own hand telling of +Montague’s words against the King<a id='r1626'></a><a href='#f1626' class='c012'><sup>[1626]</sup></a>. It seems to have been written +in a frenzy of hysterical rage against the man who had chosen to +stay in England when they might have escaped safely across the +seas. Everything came out, as Montague had foreseen; and not only +through Sir Geoffrey, but, as more and more of the little faction were +brought to the Tower, many others made equally long and unwilling +confessions.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Montague and Exeter were committed on 4 November. The +French Ambassador wrote to the Constable of France, in cypher, the +following account of the King’s intentions:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“<span lang="fr">En escrivant ceste lettre ce matin, este adverty que le Roy d’Angleterre +fit mettre hier au soir en la Tour de Londres Monsieur le Marquis d’Exestre ..., +qui est apres les enfans du Roy le plus proche de ceste couronne, et milort +de Montagu.... Il y a bien longtemps que ce Roy m’avoit dict qu’il vooloit +exterminer ceste maison de Montagu, qui est encore de la Rose Blanche, et +de la maison de Polle dont est le Cardinal. Je ne scay encore qu’on veult +faire dudit Marquis; par le premier je vous en advertiray. Il semble qu’il +cherche toutes les occasions qu’on peult penser pour se ruyner et destruyre. +Je croy que peu de seigneurs sont asseures en ce pays; je ne croy pas qu’il +n’en advienne quelque miquemaque. Je vous advertiray en diligence de ce +que j’en entendray.</span>”<a id='r1627'></a><a href='#f1627' class='c012'><sup>[1627]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Edward Neville, George Croftes of Chichester, John Collins, +and several servants were all arrested shortly after the two lords<a id='r1628'></a><a href='#f1628' class='c012'><sup>[1628]</sup></a>. +Gertrude, the Lady Marquis of Exeter, followed her husband to the +Tower before 21 November<a id='r1629'></a><a href='#f1629' class='c012'><sup>[1629]</sup></a>, with her little son Edward Courtenay. It +is not certain whether Henry Pole, Montague’s heir, went at this time +with his father, or later with his grandmother. Of the evidence given in +their examinations little need be said; the most important consists of +reports of conversations which came within the new treason act, and +several of these have been mentioned already. The evidence is +singularly full and we probably have more before us than was read at +the trials, for there are two copies of many of the papers, and a great +<span class='pageno' id='Page_311'>311</span>many repetitions in successive examinations. The only paper which +may possibly be missing is the answer of the Marquis of Exeter to +a set of interrogatories<a id='r1630'></a><a href='#f1630' class='c012'><sup>[1630]</sup></a>; but as no statement of the Marquis is +mentioned in Cromwell’s notes and summaries or in the indictments, +he may never have answered, and if he did his evidence must have +been unimportant.</p> + +<p class='c011'>There is absolutely no proof of a conspiracy: the White Rose +party were working on no sort of plan and had come to no definite +agreement among themselves. We have once or twice spoken of +their dreams of Cardinal Pole’s marriage with Mary, after an invasion +in her favour by the Emperor<a id='r1631'></a><a href='#f1631' class='c012'><sup>[1631]</sup></a>. But a careful study of their statements +shows that we have put these aims in a much more definite +form than they ever did themselves. Even Froude, who finds no +difficulty in believing in an organised plot just about to take effect, +was puzzled by the fact that their schemes must have included two +pretenders to the throne, Mary and Exeter<a id='r1632'></a><a href='#f1632' class='c012'><sup>[1632]</sup></a>. The explanation is +that they never thought the matter out. They were less a political +party than a group of friends, who loved the old Faith, hated +Cromwell, and longed for a change of policy. They met and talked +treason and sang political songs in the Marquis’s garden at Horsley, +and in the woods at Bockmore. They did not trouble themselves +about anything so strenuous and intellectual as a plot. The King’s +version of the matter, that Exeter meant to seize the Crown and +slay the entire royal family, was simply ridiculous, considering that +he had no one to help him but Mary’s especial friends<a id='r1633'></a><a href='#f1633' class='c012'><sup>[1633]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Montague and the rest were guilty of treason under the new laws +but not under the old<a id='r1634'></a><a href='#f1634' class='c012'><sup>[1634]</sup></a>. The case against them rested on nothing +but words. They had not done anything treasonable with the +exception of Sir Geoffrey Pole and Hugh Holland who had sent +warning to a traitor beyond the seas. They had not compassed or +purposed the King’s death: they had only said they would be glad +if he died. They had not levied war against him: they had only +wished someone else would. There must have been some feeling +against the new treason law, for Henry himself was troubled at +putting it into execution and did his very best to make the world +believe that the “conspirators” were guilty of more serious offences +than those for which they were indicted.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Under the Act of 1534 there was no difficulty in convicting +<span class='pageno' id='Page_312'>312</span>Montague and Sir Edward Neville; quick and careless of tongue, +they had both fallen under the law “that if any person ... do maliciously +wish, will or desire, by words or writing or by craft, imagine +any bodily harm to be done or committed to the King’s most royal +person” he is guilty of high treason<a id='r1635'></a><a href='#f1635' class='c012'><sup>[1635]</sup></a>. Against both of them +Sir Geoffrey was the chief witness; both made short confessions in +the Tower, in which there was nothing that could be used against +their friends<a id='r1636'></a><a href='#f1636' class='c012'><sup>[1636]</sup></a>. “I have lived in prison all these six years,” Montague +told his examiners; he thought it better to lie in the Tower than to +go abroad in suspicion, and he had never felt free since Reginald +had offended the King<a id='r1637'></a><a href='#f1637' class='c012'><sup>[1637]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The two priests, Collins and Croftes, both confessed their secret +attachment to the Pope<a id='r1638'></a><a href='#f1638' class='c012'><sup>[1638]</sup></a>. Croftes had said, “The King is not +Supreme Head of the Church of England but the Bishop of Rome is +Supreme Head of the Church,” and also “There was none act or +thing that ever he did more grieved his conscience than the oath +which he took to renounce the bishop of Rome’s authority”; Lord +Delaware had persuaded him to receive it after he had determined +rather to fly abroad<a id='r1639'></a><a href='#f1639' class='c012'><sup>[1639]</sup></a>. Collins said “the King will hang in hell one +day for the plucking down of abbeys”; and when talking with +Montague of the fall of monasteries: “I fear that within a while they +will pull down the parish churches also.”<a id='r1640'></a><a href='#f1640' class='c012'><sup>[1640]</sup></a> He had instructed a friend +to burn his sermons if he was sent to the Tower<a id='r1641'></a><a href='#f1641' class='c012'><sup>[1641]</sup></a>; the burning of +papers was in the King’s eyes quite sufficient proof that they contained +treason.</p> + +<p class='c011'>It was against Exeter that the Government had most difficulty +in making out a case. Neither Montague nor Neville would accuse +him, and in none of his conversations with Sir Geoffrey had he +spoken against the King. In 1531 he had been banished the court +and perhaps put under arrest for a short time, on account of the +gossiping of his servants<a id='r1642'></a><a href='#f1642' class='c012'><sup>[1642]</sup></a>, who had gone about saying “My Lord +Marquis would be King and they lords,” and “our master shall wear +the garland at the last.”<a id='r1643'></a><a href='#f1643' class='c012'><sup>[1643]</sup></a> But if this charge was not thought +serious in 1531, there was no reason why it should be seven years +later; nevertheless the King’s lawyers thought it worth reviving.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Another charge, this time against the Lady Marquis, was equally +out of date. As her gentlewoman confessed, she had gone in disguise +<span class='pageno' id='Page_313'>313</span>to speak with the Nun of Kent, and had afterwards received her at +Horsley<a id='r1644'></a><a href='#f1644' class='c012'><sup>[1644]</sup></a>. It was not about political hopes she had consulted the +Holy Maid; all her babies had died at birth, and she desired the +Nun’s prayers for the child she was then expecting<a id='r1645'></a><a href='#f1645' class='c012'><sup>[1645]</sup></a>; there was no +proof that they had conversed treasonably. If the King knew of +the Lady Marquis’s correspondence with Chapuys a really grave +charge might have been brought against her<a id='r1646'></a><a href='#f1646' class='c012'><sup>[1646]</sup></a>. But the Marquis was +not implicated in either of these mysterious expeditions. The straits +to which Cromwell was put to make out a rational case against him +is shown by this passage in one of the depositions:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“About three years past when lord Montague began to recover from his +sickness he sent examinate (<i>his servant Jerome Ragland</i>) to Horsley to show +the lord Marquis of his recovery: the lord Marquis said he was glad thereof”;</p> + +<p class='c017'>This is solemnly noted in the margin “Against the Lord Marquis.”<a id='r1647'></a><a href='#f1647' class='c012'><sup>[1647]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>In the end the Crown lawyers were obliged to be contented with +two scraps of conversation—“I trust once to have a fair day upon +these knaves which rule about the King, and I trust to see a merry +world one day”; and “Knaves rule about the King; I trust to give +them a buffet one day.” Also the general declaration “I like well +the proceedings of Cardinal Pole, but I like not the proceedings of +this realm,”<a id='r1648'></a><a href='#f1648' class='c012'><sup>[1648]</sup></a> which is not to be found in the evidence, and was a +kind of profession of faith attributed to all the prisoners. To one +who is no lawyer these sayings do not appear to bring the Marquis +under the Act of 1534. There is no wish or thought expressed +against the King’s person; at the worst they are against the King’s +ministers and policy, and these are not mentioned in the Act; no +doubt by an oversight.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Exeter was to be tried by his peers on 3 December, Montague +on 2 December<a id='r1649'></a><a href='#f1649' class='c012'><sup>[1649]</sup></a>. On this last date Thomas West, Lord Delaware, +was committed to the Tower<a id='r1650'></a><a href='#f1650' class='c012'><sup>[1650]</sup></a>. It was whispered that he had dared +to refuse to take a place in the jury of peers<a id='r1651'></a><a href='#f1651' class='c012'><sup>[1651]</sup></a>. This rumour may +have been true, for on 1 December the Council wrote to Henry +humbly apologising for not having sent Delaware to the Tower; +they had done their best, they assured the King, but as yet they +had found nothing sufficient against him. They had commanded +him to keep to his house, and to make a full confession<a id='r1652'></a><a href='#f1652' class='c012'><sup>[1652]</sup></a>. It may +<span class='pageno' id='Page_314'>314</span>have been merely through Henry’s impatience that he was sent to +the Tower next day; or perhaps he had determined after Darcy’s +trial to pass no more of the King’s sentences. It would be good to +think there was one nobleman in England who was capable of so +acting.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Montague was brought to trial on 2 December<a id='r1653'></a><a href='#f1653' class='c012'><sup>[1653]</sup></a>, indicted of +speaking against the King, approving Cardinal Pole’s doings, and +dreaming that the King was dead<a id='r1654'></a><a href='#f1654' class='c012'><sup>[1654]</sup></a>. He pleaded not guilty and was +condemned to death.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Exeter was brought to the bar on the 3rd, and the same judgment +was pronounced against him<a id='r1655'></a><a href='#f1655' class='c012'><sup>[1655]</sup></a>. There is an account of a strange +scene which took place at his trial, given by a contemporary but not +by an eye-witness. Exeter, Montague and Neville</p> + +<p class='c013'>“all the time of their arraignment stood stiff, with a casting up of eyes and +hands, as though those things had been never heard of before that then were +laid to their charge. The Marquis of all the rest stuck hardest, and made as +though he had been very clear in many points, yet in some he staggered, and +was very sorry so to do, now challenging the King’s pardon, now taking benefit +of the act, and when all would not serve he began to charge Geoffrey Pole with +frenzy, with folly, and madness. It is much to be noted what answer Geoffrey +made to the Marquis in this point. Some men, saith Geoffrey (as I hear), +lay to my charge that I should be out of my wit and in a frenzy. Truth it is, +I was out of my wit, and in a great frenzy when I fell with them in conference +to be a traitor, disobedient to God, false to my prince, and enemy to my native +country. I was also out of my wit and stricken with a sore kind of madness +when I chose rather to kill myself than to charge them with such treasons, as +I knew would cost them their lives, if I did utter them. But Our Lord be +thanked, God wrought better with me than I thought to have done with +myself. He hath saved my soul at the last, the knife went not so far as I +would have had it gone: His goodness it is that I have not slain myself:... His +work that I have declared myself, my brother, the Marquis, with the rest to +be traitors. And where I thought, said Geoffrey, rather to have put my soul +in hazard for the saving of these men, God, I thank Him, so wrought in me and +so changed my mind, that if I had ten brethren, yea, ten sons, I would rather +bring them all to this peril of death than leave my country, my sovereign lord, +and mine own soul in such danger as they all stood in if I had kept these +treasons secret. Let us, let us die, we be but a few, better we have according +to our deserts than our whole country be brought to ruin....</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Geoffrey hath never been taken for any pleasant or sage talker, his wit +was wont to serve his tongue but so so. I dare say, they that were the +wisest of the King’s most honourable council did much wonder that day, to +hear him tell his tale, and looked for nothing less than that he should have +so handled himself. God is a marvellous God, He can make both when Him +list and whom He will eloquent, wise, pithy; He can make the tongues of the +<span class='pageno' id='Page_315'>315</span>dumb serve His elect, when His will is. The Marquis was stiff at the bar, and +stood fast in denial of most things laid to his charge, yet in some he failed and +staggered in such sort that all men might see his countenance to avouch that, +that his tongue could not without much faltering deny.”<a id='r1656'></a><a href='#f1656' class='c012'><sup>[1656]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Geoffrey Pole with Sir Edward Neville, George Croftes, John +Collins, and Hugh Holland, were brought to trial on 4 December. +All pleaded guilty but Neville, who maintained his innocence to the +last. All were found guilty<a id='r1657'></a><a href='#f1657' class='c012'><sup>[1657]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Exeter, Montague and Sir Edward Neville were beheaded on +Tower Hill on 9 December and buried within the Tower. The same +day Croftes, Holland and Collins were executed at Tyburn, and +“their heads set on London Bridge.”<a id='r1658'></a><a href='#f1658' class='c012'><sup>[1658]</sup></a> Sir Geoffrey Pole remained +in the Tower<a id='r1659'></a><a href='#f1659' class='c012'><sup>[1659]</sup></a>; the state of mind in which he had borne evidence +against the others can hardly have outlasted their deaths. On +28 December he again attempted suicide by suffocating himself +with a cushion<a id='r1660'></a><a href='#f1660' class='c012'><sup>[1660]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Meanwhile the Countess of Salisbury had not been left to mourn +her sorrows in quiet. She had been plunged into anxiety by Geoffrey’s +arrest in August. About the beginning of November the news of +his first attempted suicide found its way to Warblington. “I pray +God, madame, he do you no hurt one day,” said her frightened +steward. “I trow he is not so unhappy that he will hurt his +mother,” she answered, “and yet I care neither for him, nor for any +other, for I am true to my Prince.”<a id='r1661'></a><a href='#f1661' class='c012'><sup>[1661]</sup></a> It must have been at this time +that she wrote to her eldest son:—</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Son Montague I send you heretely goddes blessing and myne. +This is the gretist gift that I can send you for to desire god of his +helpe wich I perceave is great need to pray for. And as to the case +as I ame informed that you stand in myne advise is to refer you to +god principally and upon that ground so to ordre you both in word +and deed to serve your prince not disobeyeng goddys commandment +as far as your power and lief woll serve you for of to doo above all +ordre for ... hath brought you upe and maynteyned you ... but his +highnes who if you woll ... with your lerning serve to the content ... of +his mynd as your bounden duetie is ... that you may so serve his +highness ... daylie pray to god ... orelles to take you to his mercy.” It +appears that he did not receive it until he was in the Tower<a id='r1662'></a><a href='#f1662' class='c012'><sup>[1662]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_316'>316</span>On 12 November, Southampton and the Bishop of Ely were +sent down to Warblington to interrogate the Countess. She had +spoken truly of Sir Geoffrey; in all his confessions there is no word +that could be twisted into an accusation against her. Nor had the +other prisoners laid anything to her charge; she strongly disliked +heretics, but no one accused her of speaking against the Royal +Supremacy. Nevertheless Southampton had no doubt that he could +soon make her commit herself. He was an experienced examiner +and had just come from questioning her sons in the Tower. He was +much disappointed with his first results. The Countess answered +every question in the most straightforward way. She had had, she +said, no secret confidences with, nor any letter from, her son Reginald +and the Vicar of East Meon. She knew nothing of Holland’s voyage. +She had never heard Montague or Sir Geoffrey wish they were +abroad or propose to go; she solemnly denied that they ever uttered +treasonable words in her presence. She had never burnt letters +concerning the King, nor was there any agreement between herself +and her sons to conceal anything. This was the substance of +Margaret Pole’s confession<a id='r1663'></a><a href='#f1663' class='c012'><sup>[1663]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The examiners wrote to Cromwell—“Yesterday, 13 Nov., as +we wrote we would do, we travailed with the Lady of Salisbury all +day, both before and after noon till almost night; but for all we +could do she would confess nothing more than the first day.” On +the 14th they went to her again, as they were ordered; first they +called all her men-servants before them and arrested one called +Standish. “We then entreated her with both sorts, sometimes with +douce and mild words, now roughly and asperly, by traitoring her +and her sons to the ninth degree, yet will she nothing utter, but +maketh herself clear.” They thought such a woman had never been +heard of, she was so earnest and precise and “manlike in continuance.” +Everything was so “sincere, pure, and upright on her part that we +have conceived and needs must deem and think the one of two +things in her: that either her sons have not made her privy nor +participant of the bottom and pit of their stomachs, or else she is +the most arrant traitress that ever lived.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>They seized her goods and told her that it was the King’s +pleasure that she should leave her home at once. “She seemeth +thereat to be somewhat appalled. And therefore we deem that if it +may be so, she will then utter somewhat when she is removed, which +we intend shall be tomorrow.” They spoke with the neighbouring +<span class='pageno' id='Page_317'>317</span>gentlemen and bade them “to have vigilant eye to repress any +stirring that may arise.”<a id='r1664'></a><a href='#f1664' class='c012'><sup>[1664]</sup></a> They examined Thomas Standish, the +clerk of the kitchen, but he confessed nothing<a id='r1665'></a><a href='#f1665' class='c012'><sup>[1665]</sup></a>; the Protestants +who lodged the first information against the Countess had named +him as a crafty fellow from whom it would be hard to get information<a id='r1666'></a><a href='#f1666' class='c012'><sup>[1666]</sup></a>. +Hugh Holland had told him of his visit to the Cardinal, and if the +Countess knew of it, it would probably be through him<a id='r1667'></a><a href='#f1667' class='c012'><sup>[1667]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 15 November the Countess was taken from her home to +Cowdray, Southampton’s house. It was no wonder that the thought +of being left in the keeping of such a man appalled even so brave a +lady. Southampton and the Bishop of Ely wrote again to Cromwell +on 16 November. They were rather better pleased with themselves. +They had got something out of Standish, whose confession is lost, +though apparently nothing against his mistress. They despaired of +making the Countess accuse herself. “We assure your Lordship +we have dealt with such a one as men have not dealt withal to +fore us; we may call her rather a strong and constant man than a +woman.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Their hopes revived when some papers were found at Warblington: +two or three old bulls in Standish’s room, and a copy of the +Countess’s letter to Montague in a gentlewoman’s chest. “Travailing +sundry times and after sundry sorts with her,” the examiners thought +she had at last admitted something of importance<a id='r1668'></a><a href='#f1668' class='c012'><sup>[1668]</sup></a>. She did not +deny the letter was hers; she had caused it to be written before +Montague was in the Tower but after Sir Geoffrey was taken<a id='r1669'></a><a href='#f1669' class='c012'><sup>[1669]</sup></a>. +She described a conversation with the comptroller of her household +who said he was afraid Sir Geoffrey would “slip away.”<a id='r1670'></a><a href='#f1670' class='c012'><sup>[1670]</sup></a> The +servant himself gave a different account of the matter, and if he +used these words he must have meant Sir Geoffrey was likely to die, +for he had just injured himself in the Tower<a id='r1671'></a><a href='#f1671' class='c012'><sup>[1671]</sup></a>. Finally the Countess +was asked whether Sir Geoffrey had not told her that the King +went about to cause Reginald to be slain; she answered that he had +“and she prayed God heartily to change the King’s mind.” Both +her other sons told her that he had escaped “and for motherly pity +she could not but rejoice.”<a id='r1672'></a><a href='#f1672' class='c012'><sup>[1672]</sup></a> These were “the principal points” of +her confession. Southampton, “putting her in such order [and] +surety here as the King’s pleasure is she should be left in,” hastened +<span class='pageno' id='Page_318'>318</span>back to court<a id='r1673'></a><a href='#f1673' class='c012'><sup>[1673]</sup></a>, and two weeks later took his part in the condemnation +of her eldest son<a id='r1674'></a><a href='#f1674' class='c012'><sup>[1674]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The fate of the White Rose party caused more stir in court +circles than in the country. Except for the disturbance that Southampton +feared at Warblington, there is no sign that the sympathy +of the lower orders was roused on their behalf. On the other hand +the only people really pleased were the favourers of the New +Learning; Exeter and Montague had been too long out of favour +to be much disliked by the nobility. Latimer’s congratulations to +Cromwell on their fate and the Cardinal’s terrible position have +been too often quoted to need inclusion here<a id='r1675'></a><a href='#f1675' class='c012'><sup>[1675]</sup></a>. The Londoners, who +every year inclined more towards Protestant opinions, were distinctly +against Exeter and the Poles. A goldsmith was chatting with two +men in a boat at Paul’s Wharf on 13 November. One of these was +“a servant of the King’s within the Tower”; said he, “We have +great pain in watching of these naughty men lately brought into the +Tower. Would to God every man would know their duties to God +and their Prince.” The goldsmith asked if Sir Geoffrey Pole were +dead or alive, and what was the news “of that naughty fellow Pole, +his brother beyond sea.” The King’s servant said he was made +Bishop of Rome.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“How know you that?” asked the goldsmith.</p> + +<p class='c011'>“I have heard it of great men.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Of whom?”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“Of some of my Lord Privy Seal’s house.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>The third man broke in, “I have heard as much as this comes to, +for the council doth know this thing well enough.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“I pray you,” said the goldsmith, “how do you know they +know it?”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“By the ambassadors and others.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>“There was one in our house (i.e. the Tower) prisoner,” said the +King’s servant, “who being delivered by the King’s favour and sent +to the said Pole beyond sea, to show unto him the King’s pleasure, +doth yet there remain, and now is one of the greatest in favour with +him.” The goldsmith asked his name, and was told “Throgmorton.”<a id='r1676'></a><a href='#f1676' class='c012'><sup>[1676]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>A Protestant community sending the London news to friends +abroad referred to the executions, not without triumph:—“The +principal supporters of Popery among us have been cut off.”<a id='r1677'></a><a href='#f1677' class='c012'><sup>[1677]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_319'>319</span>Strangely enough most indignation was aroused abroad, especially +in France, where the nobility had long regarded Henry with aversion. +In a letter to Montmorency, the French ambassador urged that +such an opportunity for a successful invasion of England had never +before been offered to a Constable of France. What glory he might +gain by avenging at length all the wrongs that England had done +their country in times past<a id='r1678'></a><a href='#f1678' class='c012'><sup>[1678]</sup></a>! In another letter he related how +Henry complained to him of the way he was spoken of in France, +and wished to know if Francis could not prevent his subjects from +using such unseemly railing against his (Henry’s) heresy and inhumanity. +For the first, they should rather praise him; for the +second, the Exeter party had been most justly punished. The +ambassador replied that in France people had so much greater +liberty of speech than in England that it was very difficult to +prevent talking; Francis allowed his people “to say many things” +of himself<a id='r1679'></a><a href='#f1679' class='c012'><sup>[1679]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Lord Delaware was set free on 21 December<a id='r1680'></a><a href='#f1680' class='c012'><sup>[1680]</sup></a>. Nothing had been +deposed against him as far as is known except that he disliked +the New Learning and certain new laws, such as the Act of Uses; +also that he was intimate with Exeter and Croftes and had heard the +latter deny the royal supremacy without informing against him<a id='r1681'></a><a href='#f1681' class='c012'><sup>[1681]</sup></a>. +This was little enough, but it might have cost him his head. He +was, however, released on heavy securities and went back to his +quiet life as an undistinguished baron<a id='r1682'></a><a href='#f1682' class='c012'><sup>[1682]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On the last day of December the last man to suffer for this +visionary conspiracy was sent to the Tower. This was Sir Nicholas +Carew, the Master of the Horse<a id='r1683'></a><a href='#f1683' class='c012'><sup>[1683]</sup></a>, and a certain mystery surrounds +his fate. For years he had been high in the King’s favour<a id='r1684'></a><a href='#f1684' class='c012'><sup>[1684]</sup></a>. The +only explanation of his sudden fall is given by Chapuys, who, writing +on 9 January, tells all the court gossip about this arrest and the late +executions. Cromwell himself explained to the ambassador that +Exeter had been plotting to destroy the King and the Prince, seize +the throne himself and marry his little son to Mary. He added that +“their treasons had been fully proved since their deaths.” It was +true they had burnt the incriminating letters, but fortunately a +number of copies of them had been found in a coffer belonging to +the Lady Marquis<a id='r1685'></a><a href='#f1685' class='c012'><sup>[1685]</sup></a>. There is no evidence beyond this bare statement +<span class='pageno' id='Page_320'>320</span>that these letters ever existed except in Cromwell’s brain. One of +them, however, was supposed to implicate Carew<a id='r1686'></a><a href='#f1686' class='c012'><sup>[1686]</sup></a>. “The testimony +of young Pole is not sufficient,” wrote Chapuys, “these men ... want to +form the process after the execution.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>At court it was said that Carew was especially urged to accuse +Exeter, and that he had confessed that when he told the Marquis of +the Prince’s birth he seemed sad; “which,” wrote Chapuys, “I believe +was only on account of the love he bears to the Princess, in whose +service he would willingly, as he had often sent to tell me, shed his +blood.”<a id='r1687'></a><a href='#f1687' class='c012'><sup>[1687]</sup></a> Exeter had never made any secret of his attachment to +Queen Katharine and her daughter<a id='r1688'></a><a href='#f1688' class='c012'><sup>[1688]</sup></a>. Chapuys thought that if Carew +had written to the Lady Marquis it must have been about Mary, for he +too had always shown himself her devoted servant. “It would seem +they wish to leave her as few such as possible.” Carew had looked +for help rather from France than from the Emperor, “for which he +has been frequently reproached by good Edward Neville.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>Cromwell hinted that some compromising letter from Chapuys +himself might be found in the Lady Marquis’s collection; but the +ambassador felt safe, for he had written no private letters except to +Mary and Katharine, and he was sure that these had been destroyed. +But as burning letters was now as dangerous as keeping them, he +wrote the Princess half a dozen which she could show to anyone if +commanded; he lived in hopes that Henry would discover them<a id='r1689'></a><a href='#f1689' class='c012'><sup>[1689]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Sir Nicholas Carew was brought to trial on 14 February, 1539. +The charge against him contained the following clauses:—That he +knew Exeter to be a traitor and falsely encouraged him; that he +talked to him of the state of the world; that they exchanged letters +which they afterwards burnt. Carew was on the Surrey jury which +sat on Exeter’s indictment, and had indiscreetly said, “I marvel +greatly that the indictment against the Lord Marquis was so secretly +handled and for what purpose, for the like was never seen.”<a id='r1690'></a><a href='#f1690' class='c012'><sup>[1690]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Very little of the evidence against him has been preserved. He +was Mary’s friend. He was one of the guests who frequented the +Marquis’s garden at Horsley. He seems to have tried to intercede +for the Lady Marquis when she was sent to the Tower<a id='r1691'></a><a href='#f1691' class='c012'><sup>[1691]</sup></a>. But the +slightness of the indictment points to the flimsiest of evidence. He +pleaded not guilty and was sentenced as usual<a id='r1692'></a><a href='#f1692' class='c012'><sup>[1692]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_321'>321</span>He was beheaded on Tower Hill, 3 March, 1539<a id='r1693'></a><a href='#f1693' class='c012'><sup>[1693]</sup></a>, “where he +made a goodly confession, both of his folly and superstitious faith, +giving God most hearty thanks that ever he came in the prison of +the Tower, where he first savoured the life and sweetness of God’s +most holy word, meaning the Bible in English, which there he read +by the means of one Thomas Philips then Keeper.”<a id='r1694'></a><a href='#f1694' class='c012'><sup>[1694]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Chapuys remarked that when confiscating Sir Nicholas’ goods +the King would do well to remember “the most beautiful diamonds +and pearls and innumerable jewels” which he formerly gave to Lady +Carew, and which once had been Queen Katherine’s<a id='r1695'></a><a href='#f1695' class='c012'><sup>[1695]</sup></a>. No doubt +Henry did remember, for Lady Carew was soon begging for some +provision for herself and her daughters<a id='r1696'></a><a href='#f1696' class='c012'><sup>[1696]</sup></a>. As to the offices held by +the late Master of the Horse, they had been promised to others even +before his arrest<a id='r1697'></a><a href='#f1697' class='c012'><sup>[1697]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Though there was little popular feeling about the death of the +Exeter conspirators, it must have alarmed all but the most secure +of the nobility. Some men must have been revolted by the severity of +the new treason laws; the story of the Lady Marquis’s letters, found +after the trial, was meant to reconcile these malcontents. Henry +made another attempt to persuade public opinion to take his view +of the case. Richard Moryson, one of those quick-witted, talented, +heartless, faithless “knaves” of Cromwell’s, was commissioned to +write a book setting forth the heinousness of treason with special +reference to the White Rose party. This was the tract called “An +invective against the great and detestable vice, treason, wherein the +secret practices, and traitorous workings of them that suffered of +late are disclosed,” which was published in London during 1539.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In defiance of the title the book contains no coherent account of +Exeter’s alleged plot. We have twice quoted from it at some length, +but it is really more remarkable for its blood-curdling theology and +spirited abuse than for serious historical worth. The letters of the +Lady Marquis are never even mentioned and no proofs of treason are +produced at all. Montague and the rest were detestable traitors; +their guilt is assumed and they are abused for it with abundance of +classical and scriptural illustrations. There is only one belated +allusion to their possible motives for being so gratuitously wicked. +It was because they were Papists; anyone who believes the Pope to +be Supreme Head of the Church “may well lack power or stomach +<span class='pageno' id='Page_322'>322</span>to utter treason, but he can not lack a traitorous heart.”<a id='r1698'></a><a href='#f1698' class='c012'><sup>[1698]</sup></a> Henry +was pleased with the book. He wrote to Hutton, for circulation in +the Netherlands, his own account of the conspiracy, “whereupon of +late there is a pretty book printed in this our realm which ye shall +receive herewith.”<a id='r1699'></a><a href='#f1699' class='c012'><sup>[1699]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>As an example of Moryson’s style we may quote a part of his +invective relating to Cardinal Pole: “To come at the last, to the +archtraitor, and to speak somewhat of him whom God hateth, nature +refuseth, all men detest, yea and all beasts too would abhore, if they +could perceive how much viler he is than is even the worst of them: +what man would ever have thought that Reynold Pole could have +been by any gifts, by any promotion, by any means in this world +brought from the love which for so many the King’s high benefits +of all men he ought (<i>owed</i>) his grace the most?” His true friends +are those who wish him dead, for only by death can he escape “the +gripes, the wounds, the tossing and turmoiling, the heaving and +shoving that traitors feel in their stomachs.” Probably God leaves +him alive “only because thy life hath many more torments, much +more shame in it, than any cruel death can have.... What greater +shame can come to thee than to be the dishonour of all thy kin, +a comfort to all thine enemies, a death to all thy friends?” “O Pole, +O whirl pole, full of poison, that wouldest have drowned thy country +in blood.... God be thanked thou art now a Pole of little water, and +that at a wonderful low ebb.” Moryson in fact is quite unable to +keep off the subject of the Cardinal, and always strays back to him. +In another place he says: “Pole came somewhat too late into France, +at the last commotion. If he had come in season, he would have +played an hardier part than Aske did, he would surely have jeopardied +both his eyes, where Aske ventured but one. He would have had +not only a foot in their boat but in spite of Aske and his company +would have ruled the stern.”</p> + +<p class='c011'>As an example of Moryson’s theology his remarks on the end of +the Pilgrimage are instructive. He is never tired of bidding England +praise God’s goodness in sending so wise and beneficent a Prince to +reign over her. She must also give praise for the ending of the +rebellion without bloodshed; God’s goodness was still further shown +by His causing the “rank captains” and deceivers of the people to +commit further treason and “testify upon the gallows that traitors +must come to shameful death.” And though the King in his mercy +pardoned the common people, “God hath this last summer by a +<span class='pageno' id='Page_323'>323</span>strange kind of sickness well declared unto the commons of the +north that he was not contented so few were punished where so +many offended.” Also the plague had been in other parts of the +country, which, as God knew “had hearts evil enough, though their +deeds were unknown.”<a id='r1700'></a><a href='#f1700' class='c012'><sup>[1700]</sup></a> This is a particularly revolting form of the +ancient superstition that any great calamity is a punishment from +God, especially if it befalls an enemy. Men who sincerely love God +have striven against this relic of devil-worship ever since Euripides +wrote:—</p> + +<div class='lg-container-b c016'> + <div class='linegroup'> + <div class='group'> + <div class='line'>“This land of murderers to its god hath given</div> + <div class='line'>Its own lust; evil dwelleth not in heaven”;</div> + </div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c017'>but the superstition is not yet dead.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Of the surviving members of the White Rose party, Sir Geoffrey +was pardoned early in the New Year<a id='r1701'></a><a href='#f1701' class='c012'><sup>[1701]</sup></a>. The Lady Marquis of Exeter +remained in the Tower, with the two boys, her son Edward +Courtenay, who was twelve years old, and Henry Pole “a child, the +remaining hope of our race,” as the Cardinal called him with a touch +of human feeling<a id='r1702'></a><a href='#f1702' class='c012'><sup>[1702]</sup></a>. Courtenay must have been a spirited boy even +in his childhood. Some months before, his schoolmaster had fled the +Marquis’ household because certain of the young gentlemen had +threatened him for administering correction to the young lord<a id='r1703'></a><a href='#f1703' class='c012'><sup>[1703]</sup></a>. +The Countess of Salisbury was still at Cowdray<a id='r1704'></a><a href='#f1704' class='c012'><sup>[1704]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Parliament met in April 1539 and sat until 28 June. During +May it passed an Act of Attainder including all who had suffered +after the Pilgrimage, Exeter and his friends, Cardinal Pole and other +Englishmen who had fled abroad; Gertrude Courtenay, Marchioness +of Exeter, and Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury<a id='r1705'></a><a href='#f1705' class='c012'><sup>[1705]</sup></a>. It has commonly +been said that the two boys were also attainted; but it can +have been only by implication as an examination of the Parliament +Roll shows that they were not named<a id='r1706'></a><a href='#f1706' class='c012'><sup>[1706]</sup></a>. An account of the passing of +the Act was sent by a correspondent in London to Lord Lisle:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“Pleaseth your lordship, so it is that there was a coat armour found in +the Duchess of Salisbury’s coffer, and by the one side of the coat there was +the King’s Grace his arms of England, that is the lions without the flower +de lys, and about the whole arms was made pansies for Pole, and marygolds +for my lady Mary. This was about the coat armour. And betwixt the marygold +and the pansy was made a tree to rise in the midst, and on the tree +a coat of purple hanging on a bough, in token of the coat of Christ, and on +<span class='pageno' id='Page_324'>324</span>the other side of the coat all the Passion of Christ. Pole intended to have +married my lady Mary and betwixt them both should again arise the old +doctrine of Christ. This was the intent that the coat was made, as it is openly +known in the Parliament house, as Master Sir George Speke showed me. And +thus my lady Marquis, my lady Salisbury, Sir Adrian Fortescue, Sir Thomas +Dingley, with divers other are attainted to die by act of Parliament. Other news +here is none.... At London the xviiith day of May” (1539)<a id='r1707'></a><a href='#f1707' class='c012'><sup>[1707]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Froude gives the following account:</p> + +<p class='c013'>“A remarkable scene took place in the house of Lords on the last reading +of the act. As soon as it was passed Cromwell rose in his place, and displayed +in profound silence, a tunic of white silk which had been discovered by Lord +Southampton concealed amidst the Countess’ linen.... It was shown, and it was +doubtless understood, as conclusive evidence of the disposition of the daughter +of the Duke of Clarence and the mother of Reginald Pole.”<a id='r1708'></a><a href='#f1708' class='c012'><sup>[1708]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>Of course such a piece of evidence cannot be conclusive. The +work might have been done years before, when a match between +Mary and Reginald Pole was proposed by Queen Katherine. The +symbol of the Five Wounds was far too common to fix the date as +the time of the Pilgrimage. The Countess may have been innocent; +but we may prefer to believe she was guilty. It is pleasant to +think of her setting her maids to work when the first news came +from the north, and of all the prayers for the faith and the hopes for +her banished son that must have gone to the embroidering. The +bill was passed on 12 May and shortly after she was removed from +Cowdray to the Tower. This change must have been very welcome, +for Southampton and his lady had treated her with all discourtesy, +and in the Tower she would be near her grandson<a id='r1709'></a><a href='#f1709' class='c012'><sup>[1709]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>She spent two years in the Tower. Her experience there and +that of the Lady Marquis may be gathered from a petition presented +on their behalf to a Privy Councillor by the kind-hearted warder, +Thomas Philips, who had given Sir Nicholas Carew the English +Testament<a id='r1710'></a><a href='#f1710' class='c012'><sup>[1710]</sup></a>. “By reason that I am daily conversant with them that +are pensive,” he wrote, “(<i>I</i>) can no less do but utter the same to +your honourable lordship.” The Lady Marquis begs favour and “saith +she wanteth raiment, and hath no change but only that that +your lordship commanded to be provided.” Her gentlewoman, +Mistress Constance Bontane, “hath no manner of change and that +that she hath is sore worn. Another gentlewoman she hath, that is +Master Comptroller’s maid, and hath been with her one whole year +<span class='pageno' id='Page_325'>325</span>and more, and very sorry is she that she hath not to recompense +them, at the least their wages.” Finally, “the Lady Salisbury maketh +great moan for that she wanteth necessary apparel both for to change +and also to keep her warm.”<a id='r1711'></a><a href='#f1711' class='c012'><sup>[1711]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>This petition must have been presented before April 1540, when +the Lady Marquis was released<a id='r1712'></a><a href='#f1712' class='c012'><sup>[1712]</sup></a>; it was expected at the time that the +old Countess would be pardoned shortly. But she remained alone, +except for her waiting woman and the two boys, who were not kept +very close and would probably be allowed to see her.</p> + +<p class='c011'>On 1 March, 1541, the Council sent an order to the Queen’s +tailor for certain apparel and necessaries for the Countess<a id='r1713'></a><a href='#f1713' class='c012'><sup>[1713]</sup></a>. All +thanks be to Thomas Philips who has left one kindly story to adorn +the Tower; he had been himself a prisoner there some years before<a id='r1714'></a><a href='#f1714' class='c012'><sup>[1714]</sup></a>. +In April the clothes were delivered:—“a night-gown furred, a kirtle +of worsted and petticoat furred, another gown of the fashion of +night-gown of saye, lined with satin of Cyprus and faced with satin, +a bonnet with a frontlet, four pairs of hose, four pairs of shoes and a +pair of slippers.” But the Countess did not long enjoy this ample +provision<a id='r1715'></a><a href='#f1715' class='c012'><sup>[1715]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In May 1541 Henry was about to set out on his gorgeous progress +through the north<a id='r1716'></a><a href='#f1716' class='c012'><sup>[1716]</sup></a>. Before he left London the Tower was cleared +of traitors<a id='r1717'></a><a href='#f1717' class='c012'><sup>[1717]</sup></a>. The Countess was the first to suffer, at seven o’clock on +the morning of May 27. Chapuys briefly records the event:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“About the same time took place the lamentable execution of the Countess +of Salisbury at the Tower, in the presence of the Lord Mayor and about one +hundred and fifty persons. When informed of her sentence, she found it very +strange, not knowing her crime; but she walked to the space in front of the +Tower, where there was no scaffold, but only a small block. There she commended +her soul to God, and desired those present to pray for the King, Queen, +Prince and Princess.”<a id='r1718'></a><a href='#f1718' class='c012'><sup>[1718]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Lady Marquis of Exeter had been pardoned a year before<a id='r1719'></a><a href='#f1719' class='c012'><sup>[1719]</sup></a>, +and her son, who was still a prisoner, lived to be set free by Queen +Mary<a id='r1720'></a><a href='#f1720' class='c012'><sup>[1720]</sup></a>. The Countess suffered under the Act of Attainder without +any trial; the two boys were not even included in the Act<a id='r1721'></a><a href='#f1721' class='c012'><sup>[1721]</sup></a>; +<span class='pageno' id='Page_326'>326</span>and were simply held by a sovereign power that no one dared to +question. Henry Pole had been allowed to go about inside the +Tower before his grandmother’s death; after it he was more strictly +guarded. “It is to be supposed that he will follow his father and +grandmother,” wrote Chapuys<a id='r1722'></a><a href='#f1722' class='c012'><sup>[1722]</sup></a>. Edward Courtenay had a tutor, but +Henry Pole was “poorly and strictly kept, and not allowed to know +anything.”<a id='r1723'></a><a href='#f1723' class='c012'><sup>[1723]</sup></a> He is last mentioned in 1542<a id='r1724'></a><a href='#f1724' class='c012'><sup>[1724]</sup></a>. Nothing more is +known of him. The Tower must have been an unhealthy place for +any child, and this one was an orphan without friends. He had, +indeed, two uncles living. The Cardinal was helpless, for if he had +attempted interference through the Emperor it would certainly have +had an unhappy effect. Perhaps Sir Geoffrey did all he dared and +lost touch with the boy on his closer confinement. He was, besides, +hardly responsible for his actions.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Southampton, of all people least inclined to mercy, advised that +Pole’s assault on John Gunter should be overlooked “considering the +ill and frantic furious nature of the unhappy man.”<a id='r1725'></a><a href='#f1725' class='c012'><sup>[1725]</sup></a> An account of +his subsequent life is given in the Spanish Chronicle. Although the +greater part of this work is entirely untrustworthy, particular passages +may be accepted when the writer describes facts which he had +himself witnessed, and his account of Sir Geoffrey Pole is fairly +reliable because there is reason to believe that the Chronicle was +written at Liége while Geoffrey was living there<a id='r1726'></a><a href='#f1726' class='c012'><sup>[1726]</sup></a>. The Chronicler +gives the following story of how Sir Geoffrey crossed the seas at last<a id='r1727'></a><a href='#f1727' class='c012'><sup>[1727]</sup></a>. +After he was pardoned “he went about for two years like one terror-stricken, +and, as he lived four miles from Chichester, he saw one day +in Chichester a Flemish ship into which he resolved to get and with +her he passed over to Flanders, leaving his wife and children. Thence +he found his way to Rome, and throwing himself at the feet of his +brother the Cardinal, he said, “My lord, I do not deserve to call myself +your brother for I have been the cause of our brother’s death.” The +Cardinal, seeing he had sinned through ignorance, pardoned him, +and brought him to the feet of the Pope, and procured forgiveness +and absolution for his sin. Then the Cardinal sent him back to +Flanders, with letters to the Bishop of Liége, who has him with him +<span class='pageno' id='Page_327'>327</span>to this day, treating him with all honour, and allowing him a ducat +a day, and food for himself, two attendants and a horse.”<a id='r1728'></a><a href='#f1728' class='c012'><sup>[1728]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>It was quite right of the Cardinal to forgive Sir Geoffrey; but +should all the forgiveness have been on one side? Geoffrey, yielding +to circumstances, had endured all that Reginald had escaped by +taking his own path. Reginald had been in safety while Geoffrey +had seen imprisonment and despair. Did the man whose uprightness +had brought ruin on all he loved never for a moment accuse himself? +When the Cardinal first heard the news of his mother’s death, he +spoke of it in these words: “Until now I had thought God had given +me the grace of being the son of one of the best and most honoured +ladies in England, and I gloried in it, returning thanks to His Divine +Majesty; but now He has vouchsafed to honour me still more by +making me the son of a martyr.... Let us rejoice for we have +another advocate in Heaven.”<a id='r1729'></a><a href='#f1729' class='c012'><sup>[1729]</sup></a> Perhaps it is because this speech has +an appearance of having been thought out beforehand that it sounds +cold and even heartless. The Cardinal seems more human in a letter +written to one of Montague’s daughters, who, after Mary’s accession, +sent him good news of herself and her children, the first he had +received from his kinsfolk for many years:—“Albeit as I say all this +did comfort me greatly, yet I ensure you I could not read your whole +letter through, though it were not long, at all one time, for the +sorrowful remembrance it brought me of the loss of those which I +left in good state at my departing, to whom you were most dearest. +But when I consider even what servants of God they were and so +died, this ever doth comfort me with that certain hope of their good +estate in all felicity to the which all we trust to come when it shall +be God’s pleasure to call us.”<a id='r1730'></a><a href='#f1730' class='c012'><sup>[1730]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>NOTES TO CHAPTER XXIII</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note A. The internal dissensions of the College of Heralds are described +at length in Lancaster Herald’s statement, L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 1313. The details +are intimate and rather sordid.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note B. L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), preface; Haile’s Life of Cardinal Pole, chap. <span class='fss'>XII</span>. +The Romanist writers do not generally add that the same letter contains a kindly +appeal for a well-famed priory, the head of which “is old and feedeth many.... +Alas! my good lord, shall we not see two or three in each shire changed to +such remedy?”<a id='r1731'></a><a href='#f1731' class='c012'><sup>[1731]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_328'>328</span>Note C. This is founded on a half-intelligible note, L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 830, +at the bottom of page 342. For such evidence as remains see L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), +189 and 190.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note D. Henry Pole and Edward Courtenay were, however, excepted by +name from a general pardon confirmed by Parliament 16 July 1540<a id='r1732'></a><a href='#f1732' class='c012'><sup>[1732]</sup></a>. The latter +appears to have been liberated for a time in 1547<a id='r1733'></a><a href='#f1733' class='c012'><sup>[1733]</sup></a>.</p> + +<p class='c013'>Note E. Sir Geoffrey Pole probably fled from England after his assault on +Gunter in 1540. He was amnestied and returned to England in 1551<a id='r1734'></a><a href='#f1734' class='c012'><sup>[1734]</sup></a>. He +died in 1558<a id='r1735'></a><a href='#f1735' class='c012'><sup>[1735]</sup></a>.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_329'>329</span> + <h2 class='c005'>CHAPTER XXIV<br> <span class='c009'>CONCLUSION</span></h2> +</div> + +<p class='c010'>The Pilgrimage of Grace failed completely. Its only result was +to hasten the very events which the Pilgrims dreaded. The greater +monasteries were suppressed, the north was bridled by the Council +of the North, the Poles were all but exterminated. It is not a +sufficient explanation of this failure to say that the Pilgrims were +contending against the spirit of the age. Although certain revolutions +in thought are broadly speaking inevitable, a reaction may +have a temporary success, and may delay or modify the operation of +the changes. The immediate causes of the Pilgrims’ failure have +appeared in the course of this history and may be summarised +here:—</p> + +<p class='c011'>(1) The most striking was the Pilgrims’ fundamental misconception +of Henry’s character. They believed him to be a weak, +good-tempered sensualist, always the tool of some favourite. Consequently +they thought that if only the King could be given +ministers who shared their own views of public matters, they would +be able to guide his policy without difficulty. Henry himself took +some pains to hide his despotic temper and his iron will under a +mask of careless good humour, and with his northern subjects the +deception was completely successful. The Pilgrims never realised +that to change the King’s policy they must change the King; on the +contrary they professed loyalty to the King’s person and would not +countenance pretenders. They saw that it would be more convenient +to be able to change the policy of the government by changing the +chief ministers, than by the old method of deposing or killing the +King, as in the case of Richard II, Henry VI, and Richard III, but +the theory of ministerial responsibility had not yet developed, and it +did not accord with the facts of the case.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(2) Closely connected with this first blunder is a marked +weakness in the opposition to Henry. It had no leader of genius. +<span class='pageno' id='Page_330'>330</span>The leaders of the Pilgrimage were honest men and men of ability, +but they were nothing more. They had not the unconquerable energy +needed to withstand Henry’s determination and the sinister power +of Thomas Cromwell. They were brave, they were unselfish, they +were lovable, but all that counts for nothing. Henry possessed none +of these qualities, but he had that force of character which alone is +able to carry through great designs. He stamped himself upon the +memory of the nation, while the names of the Pilgrims are forgotten.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(3) These reasons for failure may seem too personal to suit +scientific history, but there were other weaknesses in the Pilgrims’ +movement of a more general nature. The chief of these was the +conflict between the interests of the gentlemen and of the commons.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The gentlemen wanted certain parliamentary reforms. If they +could obtain them, they would be able to redress their own grievances. +The commons wanted certain social reforms, which they were much +more likely to obtain from the King than from Parliament. Briefly the +gentlemen wanted higher rents and lower wages, while the commons +wanted lower rents and higher wages. It seemed impossible that +anything could reconcile these discordant aims.</p> + +<p class='c011'>(4) There was one power strong enough to bring the gentlemen +and the commons together, a power which might have so united and +inspired them as to carry them through to victory. This was the +power of the Church. Yet though the force of religion accomplished +much, the clergy of England, as a body, gave little countenance to +the Pilgrims. The lower clergy, both regular and secular, devoted +themselves to the cause, but the higher ecclesiastics were supine. +The bishops who really opposed the King’s innovations, such as +Tunstall, fled from the rebels. The Archbishop of York and most +of the abbots who were forced to join them were reluctant to share +their danger, and gave them no encouragement. The Papacy was +inert. Cardinal Pole refused to stir. The Pope was anxious to help +the movement, but he was baffled by the passive indifference of the +men through whom he might have acted. This inaction to a great +extent caused the failure of the most promising attempt to preserve +the Church of Rome which was ever made in England.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The reluctance of the higher clergy to take part in the Pilgrimage +was due to the principles in which they had been brought up. The +Church had always taught that obedience to the King was a duty +second only in importance to obedience to the Church. In return +the King had protected the Church against heresy. Henry VIII +had suddenly broken the old alliance in the most startling manner, +<span class='pageno' id='Page_331'>331</span>but ecclesiastics could not all at once throw over their old political +theories. The Church of Rome was the church of tradition and +authority; her priests preached law and order and submission to the +appointed governors temporal and spiritual. They could not suddenly +take up the opposite watch-words, and ally themselves with the +partisans of freedom and reform. They were dazed and terrified by +the overthrow of the old order, and in their bewilderment they stood +aside while the Pilgrims marched to death, without attempting to +add the weight of the Church to her champions’ cause.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The Papacy ignored the Pilgrims while they lived and forgot +them after their death; they were not sufficiently well-born to do +her credit. To this day those who are curious in such matters may +find recorded in Roman Catholic calendars the death of Bishop +Tunstall and of the Blessed Thomas Percy, Sir Thomas’ son, the +seventh Earl of Northumberland, but there is not a word concerning +Robert Aske, who was more steadfast in his faith than the first, more +nearly successful than the second, and morally a better man than +either.</p> + +<p class='c011'>The points enumerated were the sources of the Pilgrims’ two +great errors, over-confidence in themselves and over-trust in the +King. They were over-confident because they had been taught that +the Church was irresistible. Hence they had no doubt that their +cause must triumph, and they imagined that the victory was theirs +when the struggle had scarcely begun. They trusted the King too +much because they misconceived his character. They believed him +to be weak but well-meaning, whereas he was strong but unscrupulous.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Among the causes of their failure need not be reckoned the lack +of foreign assistance. It was an advantage to the Pilgrims that +interference from abroad did not arouse national feeling in Henry’s +favour. This abstinence on the part of the continental powers was +due to accident, not policy. Francis I and Charles V fully intended +some time to settle English affairs each in his own way, but the +time never arrived. At every crisis in England it happened to be +inconvenient for either of the great rivals to stir in the matter, but +on every occasion, particularly after the Pilgrimage, they excused +their inaction to the Pope by saying that the movement had been +premature, but that there would be no difficulty in rousing a fresh +revolt at a more suitable opportunity.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry knew better than that. He was thoroughly aware that +a king is never so powerful as when he has crushed a rebellion. The +<span class='pageno' id='Page_332'>332</span>leaders of the opposition are dead, the rank and file are frightened +into silence, the waverers are confirmed in their allegiance. Henry +took advantage of this interval to put in force all the measures +against the Church upon which he had resolved, but when the +attempt at revolt was almost forgotten on the continent, Henry +began to remember it.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Many influences united to bring about Cromwell’s fall and the +religious reaction at the end of the reign. Among these influences +should probably be reckoned the numerical strength of the religious +conservatives revealed by the Pilgrimage. After the blow which +they had received had spent its first effect, they might once more be +dangerous. Henry had escaped the first time, but he might not be +so successful the second. The memory of his treachery would be +against him. Therefore he forestalled opposition by bringing about +a small reaction of his own, which he could control. By this means +he satisfied all but a few extremists, whom he did not fear. This is +not put forward as the sole cause of Henry’s change of policy, but it +was probably one of the causes.</p> + +<p class='c011'>After Henry’s death the moderate reaction was swept away by +violent religious changes, which oscillated from extreme to extreme. +The only effect of the Pilgrimage disappeared, and from that day to +this the movement has been regarded as a picturesque episode having +no real bearing on national history. Yet if not noteworthy in its +effects, it had a political significance, which Henry VIII was the first +to perceive. The important feature of the rising was the union +between the gentlemen and the commons.</p> + +<p class='c011'>For the previous two hundred years revolts in England had been +in character either feudal, that is, led by some great lord for his +personal aggrandisement and supported by his relations and dependents, +or social, blind outbreaks of the common people, due to +general discontent, leaderless and without any definite purpose. +Against risings of these types the King’s best ally had been the +middle class, the country gentlemen, the burgesses, the professional +men, priests and lawyers. The middle class hated equally the +tyranny of the nobles and the anarchy of the commons. In return +for their constant support the King shared with them the greater +part of the executive government. The gentlemen passed laws in +parliament and administered them in the country as magistrates; +they voted the taxes and assessed them; they called out the musters +and commanded them. They were the chief support of the throne, +and if they were alienated from the King the royal power would totter.</p> + +<p class='c011'><span class='pageno' id='Page_333'>333</span>The interests of the middle class were so closely bound up with +those of a strong central government, and so much opposed to those +of the labouring classes, that it seemed impossible for the alliance +between King and gentlemen to be weakened. The Pilgrimage of +Grace was the first indication of the manner in which this alliance +was to be broken. A difference in creed was powerful enough to +divide the gentlemen from the King; a similarity in creed was +powerful enough to unite a very large proportion of the gentlemen +and commons in spite of their previous antagonism. So long as +practically everyone in England belonged to the same Church, the +common creed was not felt as a bond of union, but now that religious +dissensions had inevitably arisen, the aspect of the political world +was altered.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Henry quickly grasped the significance of the alliance between +the gentlemen and commons, and used all his arts to destroy it. At +the time he was successful. The wrongs which the commons had +suffered were too recent and bitter for the new-found allies to be +able to resist so skilful an opponent as the King. Dissension and +suspicion awoke, and the power which might have held them together, +the power of the Church, was not employed to help them. The +Pilgrimage fell to pieces and ended in disunion. The revolts in +Edward VI’s reign, though led by minor country gentlemen, were +chiefly social, those in the reigns of his sisters were feudal, and it was +more than a century before the gentlemen and commons again united +to oppose the King.</p> + +<p class='c011'>In Charles I’s reign the whole face of the nation had changed, +but the same forces were at work as those which had produced the +Pilgrimage of Grace. Religion was no longer hampered by timidity +and tradition. The new creed in which the puritans opposed the +throne gave its whole strength to the union and support of its +champions. Many of the men who opposed Charles I were lineal +descendants of the Pilgrims. Philip and Brian Stapleton, the great-great-grandsons +of Christopher Stapleton, both distinguished themselves +in the cause of the Parliament. Richard Aske, the great-great-grandson +of young Robert Aske, the nephew and namesake of +the grand captain, was one of the lawyers who drew up the indictment +of Charles I. The great Lord Fairfax was descended on his +father’s side from Sir Nicholas Fairfax, an enthusiastic Pilgrim, and +on his mother’s from young Robert Aske. Sir William Constable, +who signed the death-warrant of Charles I, was the great-great-grandson +of Sir Robert Constable. These are not mere genealogical +<span class='pageno' id='Page_334'>334</span>freaks. The spirit which had defied Henry VIII overwhelmed +Charles I.</p> + +<p class='c011'>Finally, in estimating the value of the Pilgrimage of Grace, its +moral importance must be taken into account. The following judgment +has been passed upon England in the reign of Henry VIII:—</p> + +<p class='c013'>“The nation purchased political salvation at the price of moral debasement; +the individual was sacrificed on the altar of the State; and popular subservience +proved the impossibility of saving a people from itself. Constitutional guarantees +are worthless without the national will to maintain them; men lightly abandon +what they lightly hold; and, in Henry’s reign, the English spirit of independence +burned low in its socket, and love of freedom grew cold. The indifference of his +subjects to political issues tempted Henry along the path to tyranny.”<a id='r1736'></a><a href='#f1736' class='c012'><sup>[1736]</sup></a></p> + +<p class='c011'>The Pilgrimage of Grace removes a part of this responsibility +from the shoulders of the nation. It was a matter of the utmost +moment to her future regeneration that, in an age of selfish cruelty +and materialism, there were men who willingly died for justice and +freedom, who still cherished the ideal of “England’s ancient liberties,” +which were not less inspiring because they had never existed. If +the flame of independence burned low, at least their hands were +ready to pass on the torch, still unextinguished, and England is not +yet last in the race.</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_335'>335</span> + <h2 class='c005'>LIST OF WORKS CITED</h2> +</div> + +<div class='nf-center-c0'> +<div class='nf-center c003'> + <div>[Those marked with an asterisk contain copies of original documents relating to the Pilgrimage of Grace or the Exeter Conspiracy]</div> + </div> +</div> + +<p class='c018'>*Acts of the Northern Convocation, ed. G. W. Kitchin (Surtees Society) (1907).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Acts of the Privy Council, vol. <span class='fss'>II</span>, ed. J. R. Dasent (1890).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Anstis, J.</span> The Order of the Garter (1724).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<cite>The Antiquary</cite> (1880).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<cite><span lang="la">Archaeologia</span></cite>, vol. <span class='fss'>XVI</span> (1812).</p> + +<p class='c018'><cite><span lang="la">Archaeologia Aeliana</span></cite> (new series), vols. <span class='fss'>III</span> (1859), <span class='fss'>XVI</span> (1894).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<cite>Archaeological Journal</cite>, vols. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1856), <span class='fss'>XXV</span> (1868).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Baildon, W. P.</span> Monastic Notes, vol. <span class='fss'>I</span> (Yorkshire Archaeological Society +Record Series) (1895).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Ballads from MSS. vol. <span class='fss'>I</span>, ed. F. J. Furnivall (Ballad Society) (1868).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Bapst, E.</span> Deux Gentilshommes Poètes de la Cour de Henry VIII (1891).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Bates, C.</span> Border Holds (1891).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Bax, E. B.</span> The Peasants’ War in Germany 1524–5 (1899).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Beck, T. A.</span> Annales Furnesienses (1844).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Beverley Town Documents, ed. A. F. Leach (Selden Society) (1900).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Berens, L. H.</span> The Digger Movement (1906).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Boldon Buke, ed. W. Greenwell (Surtees Society) (1852).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Boothroyd, S.</span> History of Pontefract (1807).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Brand, J.</span> History of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1789).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Brenan, G.</span> and <span class='sc'>Statham, E. P.</span> The House of Howard (1907).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Brewer, J. S.</span> The Reign of Henry VIII to the Death of Wolsey (1884).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Burnet, G.</span> History of the Reformation in England (1865).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Calendar of Inner Temple Records, ed. F. A. Inderwick (1896).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Calendar of Spanish State Papers, vol. <span class='fss'>V</span> (2), ed. P. de Gayangos (1888).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Calendar of Venetian State Papers, vol. <span class='fss'>V</span>, ed. R. Brown (1873).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Cambridge Modern History, vol. <span class='fss'>II</span>, The Reformation (1903).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Cavendish, G.</span> Life of Wolsey, ed. S. W. Singer (1827).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London (Camden Society) (1852).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Collection of Letters of Princes, ed. L. Howard (1753).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Cooper, C. H. Annals of Cambridge (1842–1908).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Correspondance Politique de MM. de Castillon et de Marillac, ed. J. Kaulek (1885).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Correspondence of Edward 3rd Earl of Derby, ed. J. N. Toller (Chetham +Society) (1890).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='pageno' id='Page_336'>336</span><span class='sc'>Cox, J. C.</span> Churchwardens’ Accounts (The Antiquary’s Books) (1913).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Cox, J. C.</span> William Stapleton and the Pilgrimage of Grace, reprinted from the +Transactions of the East Riding Antiquarian Society, vol. <span class='fss'>X</span> (1902).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Cranmer, T.</span> Works, ed. J. E. Cox (Parker Society) (1844–6).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Cunningham, W.</span> The Growth of English Industry and Commerce (1905).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Depositions and Ecclesiastical Proceedings at York Castle (Surtees Society) +(1861).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Deputy Keeper’s Reports on the Public Records, vols. <span class='fss'>III</span> (1842), <span class='fss'>XLIV</span> (1883).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Dicey, A. V. The Privy Council (1887).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Dictionary of National Biography.</p> + +<p class='c018'>Dixon, R. W. History of the Church of England (1878).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Documents relating to the History of the Church of England, ed. H. Gee and +W. J. Hardy (1896).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Dodd, C.</span> (H. Tootell). Church History of England, ed. M. A. Tierney +(1839–43).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Domesday of Inclosures, ed. I. S. Leadam (Royal Historical Society) (1904).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Dowell, S.</span> History of Taxation in England (1888).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Drake, F.</span> Eboracum (1736).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Duff, E. Gordon.</span> English Provincial Printers to 1557 (1912).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Durham Account Rolls, ed. J. T. Fowler (Surtees Society) (1898–1901).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Early English Dramatists, Anonymous Plays, vol. <span class='fss'>II</span>, ed. J. S. Farmer (Early +English Drama Society) (1906).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<cite>English Historical Review</cite>, vols. <span class='fss'>V</span> (1890), <span class='fss'>XXVIII</span> (1913).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Ferguson, R. S.</span> Westmorland (1894).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Flower, W.</span> Visitation of Yorkshire, ed. C. B. Norcliffe (Harleian Society) +(1881).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Fonblanque, E. B. de.</span> Annals of the House of Percy (1887).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Foster, J.</span> Durham Visitation Pedigrees (1887).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Foster, J.</span> Yorkshire Visitation Pedigrees (1874).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Foster, J.</span> <cite><span lang="la">Collectanea Genealogica</span></cite>, vol. <span class='fss'>X</span> (1881–5).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Foxe, J.</span> Book of Martyrs, ed. J. Milner (1863).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Frost, C.</span> History of Hull (1827).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Froude, J. A.</span> Essays on Literature and History (1906).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Froude, J. A.</span> History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of +the Armada (1856–70).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Gairdner, J.</span> Richard III (1878).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Gairdner, J.</span> The English Church in the 16th Century from the Accession of +Henry VIII to the Death of Mary (History of the English Church Series) +(1902).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Gairdner, J.</span> Lollardy and the Reformation (1908).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Gasquet, F. A.</span> Henry VIII and the English Monasteries (1888).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Gasquet, F. A.</span> The Eve of the Reformation (1900).</p> + +<p class='c018'><cite>The Gentleman’s Magazine</cite> (1754) (1835).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Glover, R.</span> Visitation of Yorkshire, ed. J. Foster (1875).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Gower, Lord Ronald Sutherland Leveson.</span> The Tower of London (1901–2).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='pageno' id='Page_337'>337</span><span class='sc'>Haile, Martin.</span> Life of Cardinal Pole (1910).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Hall, E.</span> The Union of the Families of Lancaster and York (1809).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Hallam, H.</span> Constitutional History of England (1827).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Halmota Prioratus Dunelmensis, ed. J. Booth (Surtees Society) (1889).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Hamilton Papers, ed. J. Bain (1890–2).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Hardwick, C.</span> History of the Articles (1884).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Harland, J.</span> The Monastery of Salley (1853).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Herbert, Lord, of Cherbury.</span> The Reign of Henry VIII (ed. 1672).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Historical MSS. Commission, Report VI (1878).</p> + +<p class='c018'><cite>History</cite> (1913), (1914).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Holdsworth, W. S.</span> History of English Law (1903–9).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Holinshed, R.</span> Chronicles (1807).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Holme, Wilfred.</span> The Fall and Evil Success of Rebellion (1572).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Howard, H.</span>, Earl of Northampton. A Defensative against the Poison of +Supposed Prophecies (1583).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Hunter, J.</span> History of South Yorkshire (1828).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Lang, A.</span> James VI and the Gowrie Mystery (1902).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Lang, A.</span> History of Scotland (1900).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Lapsley, G. T.</span> The County Palatine of Durham (Harvard Historical Series) +(1900).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Latimer, H.</span> Sermons and Remains, ed. G. E. Corrie (Parker Society) (1844–5).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Letters and Papers of Henry VIII, vols. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1) and (2), <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1) and (2), and +others, ed. J. Gairdner (1888) (1890–1).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Letters of the Kings of England, ed. J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps (1846).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, ed. M. A. Everett Wood (Green) (1846).</p> + +<p class='c018'><cite>The Library</cite> (1913).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Lodge, S.</span> Scrivelsby.</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Longstaff, W. H. D.</span> A Leaf from the Pilgrimage of Grace (1846).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Longstaff, W. H. D.</span> History of Darlington (1854).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Maitland, F. W.</span> English Law and the Renaissance (1901).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Merriman, R. B.</span> Life and Letters of Thomas Cromwell (1902).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Milner, E.</span> and <span class='sc'>Benham, E.</span> Records of the House of Lumley (1904).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Miscellaneous State Papers, ed. the Earl of Hardwicke (1778).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>More</span>, Sir T. Richard III (1883).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>More</span>, Sir T. Selections from his writings, ed. T. E. Bridget (1892).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Morris, J.</span> The Troubles of our Catholic Forefathers (1872–7).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Moryson, R.</span> An Invective against Treason (1539).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Murray, J. A. H.</span> Thomas of Ercildoun (Early English Text Society) (1875).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Nicolson, J.</span> and <span class='sc'>Burn, R.</span> History of Westmorland and Cumberland (1777).</p> + +<p class='c018'>North Country Wills, ed. J. W. Clay (Surtees Society) (1908).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<cite>Notes and Queries</cite>, 11th series, vols. <span class='fss'>IV</span> (1911), <span class='fss'>VIII</span> (1913).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Nott, G. F.</span> Lives of the Earl of Surrey and Sir Thomas Wyatt with their works +(1815–16).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Ord, J. W.</span> History of Cleveland (1846).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Original Letters illustrative of English History, ed. Sir H. Ellis (1825–46).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='pageno' id='Page_338'>338</span><span class='sc'>Park, G. R.</span> Parliamentary Representation of Yorkshire (1886).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Plantagenet-Harrison, G. H.</span> History of Yorkshire (1879).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Plumpton Correspondence (Camden Society) (1839).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Pollard, A. F.</span> The Reign of Henry VII from Contemporary Sources (1914).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Pollard, A. F.</span> Henry VIII (1905).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Pollock</span>, Sir F. The Land Laws (English Citizen Series) (1883).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Porritt, E. P.</span> and A. G. The Unreformed House of Commons (1903).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Powell, E.</span> The Rising in East Anglia in 1381 (1896).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Proceedings and Ordinances of the Privy Council, ed. Sir N. H. Nicolas (Record +Commission) (1834–7).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Raine, J.</span> Memorials of Hexham Priory (Surtees Society) (1864–5).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Return of the Names of all Members of Parliament 1213–1874 (Blue Book).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Richmondshire Wills, ed. J. Raine (Surtees Society) (1853).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Rites and Monuments of Durham, ed. J. T. Fowler (Surtees Society) (1903).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Rose-Troup, F.</span> The Western Rebellion of 1549 (1913).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Round, J. H.</span> Peerage Studies (1901).</p> + +<p class='c018'><cite>Royal Historical Society’s Transactions</cite>, vol. <span class='fss'>XVIII</span> (1904).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Russell, F. W.</span> Ket’s Rebellion (1859).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Sanders, N.</span> De Origine ac Progressu Schismatis Anglicani (1585).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Scott, J.</span> Berwick-upon-Tweed (1888).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Seebohm, F.</span> The Oxford Reformers (1867).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Select Cases in the Court of Chancery, ed. W. P. Baildon (Selden Society) +(1896).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Select Cases in the Court of Star Chamber, ed. I. S. Leadam (Selden Society) +(1903).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Sharp</span>, Sir C. Memorials of the Rebellion of 1569 (1841).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Spanish Chronicle of King Henry VIII, ed. M. A. S. Hume (1889).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Speed, J.</span> Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine (1611).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Speed, J.</span> History of Great Britaine (1632).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Star Chamber Cases, Index (Index Society) (1901).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*State Papers during the Reign of Henry VIII, vol. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Domestic (Record Commission) +(1830).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Statutes and Constitutional Documents 1559–1625, ed. G. W. Prothero (1898).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Statutes of the Realm (1810–28).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Stevens, J.</span> History of antient abbeys, monasteries, hospitals, cathedrals, and +collegiate churches, being two additional volumes to Dugdale’s Monasticon +(1722–3).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Stow, J.</span> Chronicle (1615).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Strype, J.</span> Ecclesiastical Memorials (1822).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Stubbs, W.</span> Constitutional History of England (1883).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Surtees, R.</span> History of Durham (1816).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Swallow, H. J.</span> De Nova Villa (1885).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Tawney, R. H.</span> The Agrarian Problem in the Sixteenth Century (1912).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Testamenta Eboracensia, ed. J. Raine (Surtees Society) (1836).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Thomas, W.</span> The Pilgrim, ed. J. A. Froude (1861).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Tonge, T.</span> Visitation of Yorkshire in 1530, ed. J. Raine (Surtees Society) (1863).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='pageno' id='Page_339'>339</span>*<cite>Transactions of the East Riding Antiquarian Society</cite>, vols. <span class='fss'>VI</span> (1898), <span class='fss'>X</span> (1902).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Trevelyan, G. M.</span> England in the Age of Wycliffe (1904).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Turner, J. H.</span> Yorkshire Anthology (1901).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Usher, R. G.</span> The Rise and Fall of the High Commission (1913).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Valor Ecclesiasticus (Record Commission) (1810–34).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Victoria County History of Cumberland, vols. <span class='fss'>I</span> and <span class='fss'>II</span> (1901–5).</p> + +<p class='c018'>Victoria County History of Durham, vols. <span class='fss'>I</span> and <span class='fss'>II</span> (1905–7).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Visitation Articles and Injunctions, ed. W. H. Frere and W. M. Kennedy +(Alcuin Society) (1910).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Visitation of Lincolnshire, ed. A. R. Maddison (Harleian Society) (1902–6).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Weir, G.</span> Historical Sketches of Horncastle (1820).</p> + +<p class='c018'>West Riding Sessions Rolls and Proceedings of the Council of the North, ed. +J. Lister (Yorkshire Archaeological Society’s Record Series) (1888).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Whitaker, T. D.</span> History of Richmondshire (1823).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Whitaker, T. D.</span> Whalley and the Honour of Clitheroe (1818).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Wilkins, D.</span> Concilia Magnae Britanniae et Hiberniae (1737).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Wilson, J.</span> The Monasteries of Cumberland and Westmorland (1899).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Wright, T.</span> History of Halifax (1834).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<span class='sc'>Wright, T.</span> Three Chapters of Letters on the Suppression of the Monasteries +(Camden Society) (1834).</p> + +<p class='c018'><span class='sc'>Wriothesley, C.</span> Chronicle (Camden Society) (1875–7).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*York City Records in MSS.</p> + +<p class='c018'>*<cite>Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Journal</cite>, vols. <span class='fss'>II</span> (1873), <span class='fss'>VIII</span> (1884), +<span class='fss'>XI</span> (1891), <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1895), <span class='fss'>XXI</span> (1911).</p> + +<p class='c018'>*Yorkshire Star Chamber Proceedings, ed. W. Brown (Yorkshire Archaeological +Society’s Record Series) (1909–11).</p> + +<div class='chapter'> + <span class='pageno' id='Page_340'>340</span> + <h2 class='c005'>INDEX</h2> +</div> + +<ul class='index c019'> + <li class='c020'>Aberdeen, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aberdeen, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Stewart, William</li> + <li class='c020'>Abergavenny, George Neville, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Acclom, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Acclom (Aclom), William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Acklam, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Acomb, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Adderstone, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Addison, Dr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_259'>259</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Admiral, the Lord. <i>See</i> Fitzwilliam, Sir William</li> + <li class='c020'>Aglabe, Dr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aglionby, Edward, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ainstey of York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aire, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aldham, the parson of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Alford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Allerton, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Alne Abbey, Flanders, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Alnmouth, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Alnwick, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a> + <ul> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li>the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Amarton (Hamerton?), Harry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ambrogio (Ambrosius de Recalcatis), papal secretary, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a></li> + <li class='c020'>America, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Amersham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ampthill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Anabaptists, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ancaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ancrum Moor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Angoulême, the Duke of. <i>See</i> Orleans, the Duke of</li> + <li class='c020'>Annan, the Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Annates. <i>See</i> First Fruits</li> + <li class='c020'>Anne, St, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Anthony, a canon of Watton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Antwerp, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Appleby, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a> + <ul> + <li>a friar of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Appleby, Alexander, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Applegarth, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Appointment at Doncaster, the First. <i>See</i> Truce of Doncaster</li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_341'>341</span>Appointment at Doncaster, the Second. <i>See</i> Pilgrimage of Grace, the Second Appointment at Doncaster</li> + <li class='c020'>Arbroath, the Abbot of. <i>See</i> Beaton, David</li> + <li class='c020'>Army, the Royal + <ul> + <li>character of the forces, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li>disaffection in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_329'>329</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li>disbands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li>discipline, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a></li> + <li>its condition at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li>finances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a></li> + <li>at Flodden, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li>in Lincs., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>–3,128–30, 168, 281–2, 299, 319; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a></li> + <li>musters, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>pg%–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>–8, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>–3, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li>numbers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a></li> + <li>ordnance, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a></li> + <li>in touch with the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a>–6</li> + <li>spies from, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a></li> + <li>uniform. <i>See</i> Badge, St George’s Cross</li> + <li>its weakness, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a></li> + <li>its position during the rebels’ advance on York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li>advance to Yorkshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>–50</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Arras, Yorks., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Array, Statute of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Arthur, Prince, son of Henry VII, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Articles of the rebels. <i>See</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + <li class='c020'>Articles of Religion, the Ten, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_380'>380</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Arundel, Sir John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Asheton, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ashton (Esch), Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Yorks., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_342'>342</span>Aske, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>–54, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Eleanor, wife of John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Elizabeth, wife of Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Elizabeth, wife of Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_137'>137</a>, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Richard, of Aughton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Richard, brother of Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>–51, <a href='#Page_54'>54</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Robert + <ul> + <li>his account of the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a></li> + <li>his appearance, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_322'>322</a></li> + <li>announces the second appointment at Doncaster to the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>–17, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li>his articles. <i>See</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + <li>his authority, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_322'>322</a></li> + <li>and Sir Francis Bigod, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>–4, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a></li> + <li>his character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_331'>331</a></li> + <li>and his brother Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>–3</li> + <li>his questions for the clergy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a>pg%–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>pg%–7</li> + <li>his council, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a></li> + <li>his criticism of the Government, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>–6. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Cromwell, Thos, and Robt Aske</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>and Lord Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_189'>189</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_291'>291</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_301'>301</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>–3, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>–4, <a href='#Page_128'>128</a>–9, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li>and the Earl of Derby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>–8</li> + <li>and the first conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, 252–4, 258–9, 265</li> + <li>at the second conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>–9</li> + <li>his part in the East Riding insurrection, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>–7</li> + <li>his examinations, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_387'>387</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a>–8, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>excepted from the first Yorkshire pardon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a></li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>–5, <a href='#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li>evidence against, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>–3, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a>–10, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a></li> + <li>his family and relatives, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>–55, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_343'>343</span>and the Pilgrims’ finances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li>hostages demanded for him, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>–4, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>–2, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a></li> + <li>and the siege of Hull, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a></li> + <li>garrisons Hull, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a></li> + <li>his imprisonment, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a>–8, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li>attempts to kidnap him, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_291'>291</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_301'>301</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li>interview with Lancaster Herald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_228'>228</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a>–1</li> + <li>lays down his office, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li>and Archbishop Lee. <i>See</i> Lee, Archbishop, and Robert Aske</li> + <li>letters attributed to him, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li>and the Lincs. Articles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li>in the Lincs. Rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li>and the messengers to the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_291'>291</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>–9</li> + <li>his moderation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a></li> + <li>and the monasteries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li>and the Duke of Norfolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>–91, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_147'>147</a>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a>–5</li> + <li>and the Earl of Northumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>–5; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a></li> + <li>pacifies the north, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a></li> + <li>his papers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li>his pardon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li>his petitions, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>–3</li> + <li>calls the rebellion the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li>composes the Pilgrims’ oath. <i>See</i> Oath of the Pilgrimage of Grace</li> + <li>his company of pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li>at the musters at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>–9</li> + <li>and the surrender of Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>–91, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a></li> + <li>at the council at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_361'>361</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_387'>387</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a></li> + <li>his proclamations. <i>See</i> Proclamations, Rebel</li> + <li>promises of help from Lincs., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>promises of help from the West Marches, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a></li> + <li>his property and early career, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>–5; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li>his protection of Bigod’s followers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a>–92, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li>his protection to loyalists, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a></li> + <li>his reception at court, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>–3, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>–8, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li>reports of his agents, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_344'>344</span>and the rumours of new laws, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li>correspondence with southern sympathisers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>his reported secession to the King, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a></li> + <li>his servants, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li>and William Stapleton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_167'>167</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_140'>140</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li>announces the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a></li> + <li>and the alleged breaches of the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a></li> + <li>and the muster at Wighton Hill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li>his headquarters at Wressell Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a></li> + <li>and the council at York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li>the taking of York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Robert, the younger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aske, Roger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Askew, Anne, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Askew, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Askew, Sir Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Askew Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Askew, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a>–100, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aslaby, James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Atkinson, James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Atkinson, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Attainder, Acts of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Auckland. <i>See</i> Bishop Auckland</li> + <li class='c020'>Audley, Sir Thomas, Lord Chancellor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='#Page_258'>258</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aughton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— Church, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— manor-house, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Augustine, St, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Axholme, the Isle of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aylesbury, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Aylesham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ayrey, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ayton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Babthorpe, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Bachelor, Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Badge + <ul> + <li>of Sir Robert Constable, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_345'>345</span>of the Five Wounds of Christ, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li>St George’s Cross, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a></li> + <li>of the Howards, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li>of I.H.S., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a></li> + <li>of the Princess Mary, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a></li> + <li>of the northern families, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a></li> + <li>of the Percys, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li>of the Poles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a></li> + <li>Tudor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>–5</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Bainton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Baker, John, attorney-general, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bale, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Balliol, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Balderstone, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bamborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Banister, Simon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bankes, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Banner + <ul> + <li>the church cross used as, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_147'>147</a></li> + <li>of Sir Robert Constable, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a></li> + <li>of the Cornish rebels, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='#Page_181'>181</a></li> + <li>of St Cuthbert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a></li> + <li>of the Five Wounds of Christ, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a></li> + <li>the King’s, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a></li> + <li>of the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Bapst, M. ‘Deux Gentilshommes Poètes de la Cour de Henry VIII’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bardney Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bardon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barker, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barlings Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Barlings, Abbot of. <i>See</i> Mackerell, Matthew</li> + <li class='c020'>Barlings Grange, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barlow, William, Bishop of St David’s, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Barnard Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='#Page_128'>128</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barnes, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barnesdale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barnfield, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_116'>116</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barnsley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barton-on-Humber, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_301'>301</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barton, the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Barton, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bashall in Bolland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bateman, Harry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bath, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bawne, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Baynton, Mary, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_346'>346</span>Baynton, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bax, E. B. ‘The Peasants’ War’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>–40, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beacons, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beaconsfield, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beamish, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beaton, David, Privy Seal of Scotland, Abbot of Arbroath, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beauchamp, Viscount, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beck, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Becket, Thomas a, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beckwith, Leonard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beckwith, Mrs, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bedall, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bede, St, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beetham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Belchford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Belchford, the vicar of. <i>See</i> Leache, Nicholas</li> + <li class='c020'>Bell, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bellasis, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bellay, John du, Cardinal, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_334'>334</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bellingham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bellingham, Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bellingham, Margaret, wife of Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bellowe, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Benefit of Clergy, Act limiting, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Benham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bentham Moor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Berlichingen, Gotz von, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Berwick upon Tweed, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_187'>187</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a>–3, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— the mayor of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Berwick pursuivant. <i>See</i> Ray, Henry</li> + <li class='c020'>Berwick, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Beswick, the parish clerk of. <i>See</i> Marshall, Dr</li> + <li class='c020'>Beverley + <ul> + <li>and the Archbishop of York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a></li> + <li>Bigod’s appointed meeting-place, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>–3, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a></li> + <li>Bigod at, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>–6, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li>the Grey Friars, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a></li> + <li>rivalry with Hull, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a></li> + <li>communications with the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_156'>156</a></li> + <li>its liberties, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li>meeting at, after the Pilgrimage, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>–51, <a href='#Page_54'>54</a></li> + <li>the Minster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li>outbreak of the rebellion at, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li>pardon proclaimed at, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a></li> + <li>parliamentary representation of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_347'>347</span>printing press at, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li>sedition at, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li>the Tabard inn, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li>the town hall, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li>the town seal, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li>West Wood Green, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Bewley, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Biggis, James, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_178'>178</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Agnes, wife of Sir Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Dorothy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Elizabeth, wife of Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Sir Francis + <ul> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a></li> + <li>his book on the King’s supremacy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li>his chaplain. <i>See</i> Pickering, John, priest</li> + <li>his character and opinions, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>–44; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>–2, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li>his confession, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>–9</li> + <li>early life and family, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>–41; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li>his flight, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>–7, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a></li> + <li>and John Hallam, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>–3, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a></li> + <li>his insurrection, <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. xvii, pp. 55–98, 101, 104, 114, 126, 131, 132, 158, 187, 188, 198, 199, 201–3, 205, 211–3</li> + <li>and the monasteries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li>his papers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li>his share in the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>–7</li> + <li>a prisoner, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>–9, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a></li> + <li>his speech to the rebels, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>–9</li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>–9</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Joan, wife of Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Sir John, the elder, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Sir John, the younger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Katherine, wife of Sir Francis, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Margaret, wife of Sir Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Sir Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bigod, Ralph, son of Sir Francis, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bilborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bilsby, Sir Andrew, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bilsdale, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bird, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bishop Auckland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bishop Burton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bishopdale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blackborne, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_348'>348</span>Blackborne, William, vicar of Skipton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blackburn, the proctor of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blackburn, the vicar of. <i>See</i> Lynney, Randolph</li> + <li class='c020'>Black Death, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Black Fast, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Black Lands, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blackheath, the battle of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blackley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blackmoor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blades, John of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blaunde, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blenkhow, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blenkinsop, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blenkinsop, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bletsoe, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blyth Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blythe, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blythe Law, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Blytheman, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>–5, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bockmore, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Boleyn, Anne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_5'>5</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='#Page_181'>181</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bolingbroke, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bolton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bolton Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bolton Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bonaventure. <i>See</i> Johnson, Thomas</li> + <li class='c020'>Bonner, Edmund, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_367'>367</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bontane, Constance, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Booth, Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Borders, the, between England and Scotland + <ul> + <li>their characteristics, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_269'>269</a></li> + <li>jurisdiction of the Council of the North on, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li>exempted from the Statute of Handguns, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a></li> + <li>fortresses, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a></li> + <li>the King’s plan for their government, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>–9, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>–1</li> + <li>Council of the Marches, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a>–3, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a></li> + <li>the East Marches, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>–9, <a href='#Page_236'>236</a></li> + <li>law of the Marches, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li>the Middle Marches, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>–9, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a></li> + <li>March treason, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_276'>276</a></li> + <li>the West Marches, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li>officers and pensioners, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_284'>284</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>–8, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>–1, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a>–4, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a>–6, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>–1, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a>–4, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a>–9</li> + <li>influence of the Percys on, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_32'>32</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_349'>349</span>the Pilgrims ready to defend, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>–5</li> + <li>raids, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a></li> + <li>expected war with Scotland. <i>See</i> Scotland, expected war with England</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Norfolk, the Duke of, and the Borders</li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Borough, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Borough, Thomas, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='#Page_196'>196</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Borough-under-Stainmore, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a> + <ul> + <li>the vicar of. <i>See</i> Thompson, Robert</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Borrodale, Gawen, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Boston, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowes, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowes, Alice, wife of Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowes, Elizabeth, wife of Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowes, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowes, Margaret, wife of Sir Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowes, Sir Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowes, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowes, Robert + <ul> + <li>King’s attorney, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a></li> + <li>his character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a></li> + <li>the commons attack him, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li>his company of Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li>at the first conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a></li> + <li>and the second conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a></li> + <li>at the council at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li>at the council at York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li>his influence in Durham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a></li> + <li>his mission to the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>–80, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <i>II</i>, 1, 31, 119, 194</li> + <li>on the Council of the North, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a>, <a href='#Page_274'>274</a></li> + <li>on the Duke of Norfolk’s council, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a></li> + <li>pacifies the North Riding, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a></li> + <li>his servant, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a></li> + <li>and the spiritual articles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_378'>378</a></li> + <li>and the suppression of the monasteries, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a></li> + <li>his feud with Tunstall, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Bowgham, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bowyer (Bowier), Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_378'>378</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_350'>350</span>Boynton, Matthew, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a>, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='#Page_212'>212</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brabson, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_368'>368</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brackenbury, Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bradford, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bradford, Brian, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bradford, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bradforde, —, monk of Sawley, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brancepeth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brandling, Robert, mayor of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brandon Bridge, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— Ferry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brandsburton, the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brandsby, Dr John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_378'>378</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brantingham, <span class='fss'>I</span> 154</li> + <li class='c020'>Brasse, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bray, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brayton, the vicar of. <i>See</i> Maunsell, Thomas</li> + <li class='c020'>Breamore Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brenan and Statham, ‘The History of the House of Howard’, i, 61</li> + <li class='c020'>Breyar, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brian, Sir Francis, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bricket, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bridewell, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_303'>303</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bridgewater, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bridlington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bridlington Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— the shrine of St John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bridlington, the Prior of. <i>See</i> Wood, William</li> + <li class='c020'>Brigg, Mabel, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brigham, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brighton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bristol, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a> + <ul> + <li>Christchurch, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li>the Grey Friars, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li>the Friars Preachers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Broadfield Moor, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_116'>116</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brocke, Edmund, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Broderton, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brodly, Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bromley, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bromsgrove, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brougham Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Broughton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Brown, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Browne, Sir Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>–34, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Browne, George, Bishop of Dublin, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Browne, Humphry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Browne, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Browne, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Browne, Walter, curate of Kendal, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bruchsal, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_351'>351</span>Brussels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bucer (Bucerus), Martin, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Buckenham Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Buckingham town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Buckingham county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a>, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Buckingham, Henry Stafford, second Duke of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Buckingham, Edward Stafford, third Duke of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bug, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Anne, wife of Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>–40</li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Anne, wife of Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Anne, wife of Sir Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Elizabeth, wife of Sir William the younger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>–40; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, John of Pinchinthorpe, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Sir John + <ul> + <li>his arrest <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_163'>163</a></li> + <li>at the first conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a></li> + <li>his connection with Bigod’s rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a></li> + <li>his confession, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a>–2</li> + <li>his correspondence, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>–1</li> + <li>his early life, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li>evidence against, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>–1, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a></li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a>–5</li> + <li>his household goods, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li>and Guisborough Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a></li> + <li>his imprisonment, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_182'>182</a>–3, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a></li> + <li>his suspicion of the King, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>–6, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a>–9</li> + <li>summoned to London, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a>–9, <a href='#Page_161'>161</a>–3, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a></li> + <li>his preparations for a new rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>–7, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>–62, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a>–5, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>–6, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>–8, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>–2, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Margaret, wife of Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a>–9, <a href='#Page_161'>161</a>–3, <a href='#Page_182'>182</a>–2, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Margery, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a>–60, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Sir Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Sir William, the elder, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Bulmer, Sir William, the younger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>–40, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bungay, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Buntingford, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burbeck, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burford (Brunfelde) Oak, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burgh, Leonard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_352'>352</span>Burn, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_248'>248</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burnley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burnsall in Craven, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burscough Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burton-upon-Stather, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burton-on-Trent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Burwell, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bushell, James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Bushop, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Butley, the Prior of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Butts, Dr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Byland Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Cadiz, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Caistor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Caistor Hill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Calais, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Caldbeck, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Calkhill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cambrai, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cambridge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a> + <ul> + <li>All Hallows, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + <li>university, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Cambridge county, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Canell, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cante, Andrew, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Canterbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Canterbury, the Archbishop of general reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a> + <ul> + <li><i>See</i> Cranmer, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Captain Cobbler (Nicholas Melton), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>–96, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Captain Poverty, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carleton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carew, Elizabeth, wife of Sir Nicholas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carew, Sir Nicholas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a>–21, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carlisle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a>–20, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a> + <ul> + <li>the Captain of. <i>See</i> Cumberland, the Earl of, and Wentworth, Sir Thomas</li> + <li>the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Kite, John</li> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a></li> + <li>the mayor of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li>Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Carlisle Herald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carlton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carnaby, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a>–2, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carnaby, Sir Reynold, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a>–2, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carnaby, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carnaby, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_194'>194</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_353'>353</span>Carpyssacke, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carr, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carr, Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carr, Mrs, wife of Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>–60</li> + <li class='c020'>Carre, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span> 153</li> + <li class='c020'>Carter, Thomas, abbot of Holm Cultram, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a>–3, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Carthusians + <ul> + <li>of London, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_189'>189</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_137'>137</a>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li>of Hull, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_137'>137</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Cartlogan Thorns, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cartmell Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— the Prior of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Castelforth, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Castillon, Louis de Perreau, Sieur de, French ambassador, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Catherell, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Catherick, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Catton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_273'>273</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cavendish, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cawood, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_380'>380</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cawood, Gervase, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Caxton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cervington, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chalcedon, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Mackerell, Matthew, abbot of Barlings</li> + <li class='c020'>Chaloner (Challoner), Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a>, <a href='#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chamber, Dr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chamley. <i>See</i> Cholmley</li> + <li class='c020'>Chancellor of the Augmentations. <i>See</i> Riche, Richard</li> + <li class='c020'>Chancery, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_360'>360</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_29'>29</a>–30, <a href='#Page_68'>68</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chapuys, Eustace, Imperial ambassador in England, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>–4, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>–21, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Chapuys, Eustace, nephew of the Imperial ambassador, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charles I of England, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a>, <a href='#Page_334'>334</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charles V, the Emperor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a>–9, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, Cuthbert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–3, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>–3, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–3, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, Gerrard, of Wark, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, Gerry, of the Bourne, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, Gilbert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, Rinian, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Charleton, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cheshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chester Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_354'>354</span>Chester Herald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chester-le-Street, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cheyne, Margaret. <i>See</i> Bulmer, Margaret</li> + <li class='c020'>Cheyne, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chichester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chichester, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Sampson, Richard</li> + <li class='c020'>Chichester Cathedral, the Chancellor of. <i>See</i> Croftes, George</li> + <li class='c020'>Chideock, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chillingham Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>–201, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chipchase, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Cholmley, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cholmley (Chamley), Sir Roger, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Chorley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Church of Rome, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_341'>341</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>pg%pg%pg%–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='#Page_330'>330</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Cifuentes, Fernando de Silva, Count of, Imperial ambassador at Rome, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Civil Code of Justinian. <i>See</i> Common Law <i>v.</i> Civil Law</li> + <li class='c020'>Civil War in England, the Great, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Clapham, the vicar of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clare, Stephen, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clarence, the Duke of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clarke, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Cleeve Abbey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clement VII, Pope, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Clementhorpe nunnery, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cleobury Mortimer (Cleeland), <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clergy of England + <ul> + <li>Act regulating the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_5'>5</a></li> + <li>commission to inquire into their condition, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li>the council of divines, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li>and the Cumberland rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a></li> + <li>and the Act of First Fruits, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a></li> + <li>and Henry VIII, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_5'>5</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>–5</li> + <li>their influence, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>–8</li> + <li>and the New Learning, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li>and the Statute of Praemunire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a></li> + <li>their allegiance to the Pope, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>–3</li> + <li>punishment of, without degradation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a></li> + <li>their part in the rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_386'>386</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>–41, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>–31</li> + <li>submission of the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a></li> + <li>taxation of the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_371'>371</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a></li> + <li>reference <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_68'>68</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Cleveland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a>–7, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Cliff, Dr William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_386'>386</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_355'>355</span>Clifford, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifford, Anne, wife of Henry, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifford, Lady Eleanor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifford, Henry, Lord, the ‘Shepherd Lord’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifford, Henry, Lord, son and heir of the first Earl of Cumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>–4; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifford, John, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifford, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifford, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>–3, <a href='#Page_116'>116</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifton, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clifton, Walter, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clinton, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clitheroe, Hugh, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Clyfton, Gervis, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cobham, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cockerell, James, quondam prior of Guisborough, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>–9, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cockermouth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Coinage, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Coke, Henry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cokke, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Colchester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— St John’s Abbey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Colins, Lancelot, treasurer of York Minster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Collingwood, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_194'>194</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Collins, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a>–5, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>–6, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Collins, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Colne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Colsell, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Colwick, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Commission of the Peace, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Commission, the King’s. <i>See</i> Letters Royal</li> + <li class='c020'>Common Law <i>v.</i> Civil Law, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_182'>182</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Comperta, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_350'>350</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Compiègne, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Confessa Germaniae (the Augsburg Confession), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conishead Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— the prior of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conisholm, the parson of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Eleanor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Elizabeth, wife of Marmaduke, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, James, of the Cliff, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Jane, wife of Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_356'>356</span>Constable, John, brother of Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Sir John of Holderness, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Joyse, wife of Sir Marmaduke the little, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Leonard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Sir Marmaduke the little, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Sir Marmaduke, brother of Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— his wife, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Marmaduke, son of Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Marmaduke, eldest son of Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Sir Robert + <ul> + <li>with the royal army at Nottingham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li>his conduct during Bigod’s rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>–3, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>–2, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a>–6</li> + <li>warned by Bulmer, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a></li> + <li>his classical allusion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a></li> + <li>his early life and character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li>evidence against, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>–1, <a href='#Page_140'>140</a>–6, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li>his examination, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>–1, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>his family, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li>his feuds, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_91'>91</a></li> + <li>his friendship with Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a></li> + <li>and the first conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a></li> + <li>his household goods, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li>his name used by Hallam, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a></li> + <li>governor of Hull, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a></li> + <li>his imprisonment, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a></li> + <li>and Archbishop Lee, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_380'>380</a></li> + <li>in command of the middle ward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>–2</li> + <li>his motto, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li>his papers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li>his petitions, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a>–7</li> + <li>becomes a leader of the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a></li> + <li>at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li>at the council at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a></li> + <li>steward of Howden, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li>summoned to London, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li>and the suppression of the monasteries, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a></li> + <li>at Templehurst, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a></li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_140'>140</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_357'>357</span>at the council at York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Sir Robert (grandfather of above), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Thomas, of Settrington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Sir William, brother of Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, Sir William, the regicide, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Constable, William, of Settrington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Convocation + <ul> + <li>general reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_360'>360</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_371'>371</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='#Page_187'>187</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li>the Northern, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li>the Southern, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers of Hornby, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, Sir George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, Gregory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>–8, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, Sir Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, William, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Conyers, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cook, Lawrence, Prior of the White Friars of Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cooper, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Copindale, Edmund, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Copledike, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_102'>102</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Corbridge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Coren, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Cornage. <i>See</i> Neat geld</li> + <li class='c020'>Corney, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cornwall, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_88'>88</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='#Page_181'>181</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Corthrop, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cottam, Bartholomew, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_161'>161</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cottingham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cotton, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_248'>248</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Council, the King’s + <ul> + <li>its composition <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li>examinations before, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li>Exeter and Fitzwilliam excluded from, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a>–6</li> + <li>and Lord Delaware, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_313'>313</a></li> + <li>its deliberations, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li>and the King’s reply to the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a></li> + <li>and Mary’s marriage, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a></li> + <li>correspondence with Norfolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_268'>268</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a>–6, <a href='#Page_241'>241</a></li> + <li>negotiations with Pole, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a>–80</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_358'>358</span>its offshoots, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_270'>270</a>–2</li> + <li>proposals for the settlement of the North, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>–7, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>–3</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_5'>5</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_329'>329</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='#Page_307'>307</a>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Council of the North + <ul> + <li>established, <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. xxi, pp. 226 <i>et seq.</i>, 260, 267–8, 270–3, 329</li> + <li>its first meeting, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a>–3</li> + <li>its members and officers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a>–3</li> + <li>its origin, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>–1</li> + <li>and the Border pledges, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a></li> + <li>its powers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a>–3</li> + <li>president of. <i>See</i> Tunstall, Bishop</li> + <li>and seditious prophecies, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>–4</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Court of Arches, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Courtenay, Edward, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a>, <a href='#Page_328'>328</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Coventry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Coventry, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Lee, Roland</li> + <li class='c020'>Coverham Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cow Cross, London, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cowdray, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cowper, James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cox, J. C., ‘William Stapleton and the Pilgrimage of Grace’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Crake, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Crane, James, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Cranmer, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Craven, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Crawford, the Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cresswell, Katherine, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cresswell, Percival, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>–94, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cressy, Simon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Crockey, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>–4, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Croftes, George, Chancellor of Chichester Cathedral, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Croftormount, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_371'>371</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cromwell, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a>, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cromwell, Thomas, Lord Privy Seal, afterwards Earl of Essex + <ul> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='#Page_332'>332</a></li> + <li>and Robert Aske, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_291'>291</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a>–5</li> + <li>and Sir Francis Bigod, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>–4</li> + <li>his character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_4'>4</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_330'>330</a></li> + <li>and Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>–9, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>–3</li> + <li>the rebels demand his head. <i>See</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + <li>and Lady Margaret Douglas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_359'>359</span>his letter to young Sir Ralph Evers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a></li> + <li>examinations before, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li>and the Marquis of Exeter, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_290'>290</a>–1, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a></li> + <li>his extortions, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a></li> + <li>Knight of the Garter, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li>and the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li>supposed to be the King’s heir, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_361'>361</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_363'>363</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li>scape-goat for the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_189'>189</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a></li> + <li>and the Lincs. Rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a></li> + <li>and Mary, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a></li> + <li>his commission for the Visitation of the Monasteries. <i>See</i> Visitation of the Monasteries</li> + <li>and the monasteries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li>his correspondence with the Duke of Norfolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_5'>5</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>–2, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>–1, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>–6, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>–40, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>–3, <a href='#Page_258'>258</a>–9, <a href='#Page_262'>262</a>–5, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a>–9</li> + <li>and the Earl of Northumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>–2</li> + <li>and Parliament, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_4'>4</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a></li> + <li>petitions to + <ul> + <li>from Robert Aske, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li>from Richard Bowyer, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li>from Sir Robert Constable, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a>–7</li> + <li>from Sir Arthur Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a></li> + <li>from young Sir Ralph Evers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a></li> + <li>from Archbishop Lee, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li>from John Madowell, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li>from Sir Thomas Percy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a></li> + <li>from Edward Stanley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li>from Sir Richard Tempest, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li>from Robert Thompson, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>his account of the Pilgrimage, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li>and Sir Geoffrey Pole, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_304'>304</a></li> + <li>and Reginald Pole, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>–6, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li>his policy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_378'>378</a></li> + <li>and prisoners, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li><i>see also above</i>, petitions to</li> + <li>prophecies about. <i>See</i> Prophecies</li> + <li>and the rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_303'>303</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li>and the reformers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a></li> + <li>reports of his agents, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>–1, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>–5, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a>–6, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–2, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a>–1, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a>–5, <a href='#Page_265'>265</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_360'>360</span>rhymes against. <i>See</i> Sedition, rhymes</li> + <li>his servants, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_368'>368</a></li> + <li>his correspondence with Shrewsbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a></li> + <li>his correspondence with the Earl of Sussex, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='#Page_147'>147</a></li> + <li>his unpopularity, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a>–4, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_194'>194</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_284'>284</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_381'>381</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_137'>137</a>, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a>, <a href='#Page_270'>270</a>, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Crossthwaite, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Crow, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Crowle, the vicar of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Crowley, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Crummock Water, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cumberland county + <ul> + <li>arrest of Sir Francis Bigod in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li>character of the rising in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a></li> + <li>commons and the clergy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li>the commons’ rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>–8, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a>. <i>See also</i> Westmorland county, the commons’ rising</li> + <li>disturbances there after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li>the rebels’ grievances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a>–20</li> + <li>parliamentary representation of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li>the Pilgrimage in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>–6</li> + <li>the second appointment at Doncaster proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li>the pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a></li> + <li>riots there, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a></li> + <li>the sheriff of. <i>See</i> Curwen, Sir Thomas</li> + <li>escapes taxation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a></li> + <li>the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Cumberland, Henry Clifford, first Earl of + <ul> + <li>captain of Carlisle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>–6, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>–9</li> + <li>his character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li>and the commons’ rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='#Page_123'>123</a></li> + <li>his feud with the Dacres, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>–3</li> + <li>at Darcy’s trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li>his family, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>Knight of the Garter, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_361'>361</span>and the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>–4, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a></li> + <li>ordered to dissolve Hexham Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_194'>194</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li>his influence, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a></li> + <li>and the Duke of Norfolk, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a></li> + <li>his feud with John Norton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li>and the outbreak of the Pilgrimage, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>–10</li> + <li>his proceedings after the second appointment at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>–4</li> + <li>his defence of Skipton Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>–11, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a></li> + <li>his correspondence with Suffolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_301'>301</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a></li> + <li>his unpopularity, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>–3, <a href='#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li>Warden of the West Marches, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>–9, <a href='#Page_251'>251</a></li> + <li>sheriff of Westmorland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_123'>123</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Cumberland, Margaret, Countess of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Curtis, Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>–80, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Curtis, Leonard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Curwen, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Cuthbert, St, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a> + <ul> + <li>his banner. <i>See</i> Banner, of St Cuthbert</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Cuthbert, a priest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Cutler, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='#Page_196'>196</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Dachant, Roger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dacre, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>–3, <a href='#Page_115'>115</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dacre, Sir Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_115'>115</a>–8, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>–1, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dacre, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dacre, William, Lord (Lord Dacre of the North), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>–30, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a>–6, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dacre, Thomas Fiennes, Lord (Dacre of the South) <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dakyn, John, vicar-general of the diocese of York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_386'>386</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>–1, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dakyns (Cromwell’s servant), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_368'>368</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dalison, Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dalston, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dalston, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dalton, the vicar of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dalyvell, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Danby, Sir Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dantzig, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_362'>362</span>Darcy, Sir Arthur, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_171'>171</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>–9, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a>–3, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, Dorothy, wife of Sir George, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, Dousabella, first wife of Lord Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, Edith, second wife of Lord Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, Euphemia, mother of Lord Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, Sir George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>–3, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, Thomas, Lord + <ul> + <li>and the divorce of Katherine of Arragon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a></li> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li>and Robert Aske. <i>See</i> Aske, Robert, and Lord Darcy</li> + <li>and the plan to kidnap Aske, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a></li> + <li>his attempts to keep order after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>–2, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>–3, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>–8</li> + <li>and the Badge of the Five Wounds, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a></li> + <li>his services on the Borders, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>–19, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a></li> + <li>and the mission of Bowes and Ellerker, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a></li> + <li>warned by Bulmer, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_188'>188</a>–9</li> + <li>his correspondence with Chapuys, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>his character and opinions, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_187'>187</a>, <a href='#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a>, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a></li> + <li>a member of the King’s Council, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a></li> + <li>and Thomas Cromwell. <i>See</i> Cromwell, Thomas, and Lord Darcy</li> + <li>and the first appointment at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li>and the second appointment at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a></li> + <li>his message to the Emperor. <i>See</i> Waldby, Marmaduke</li> + <li>evidence against, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>–3, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>–8, <a href='#Page_187'>187</a>–92, <a href='#Page_196'>196</a></li> + <li>his examination, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>–7, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_380'>380</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>–5, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li>his expedition to Spain, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a></li> + <li>his family, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a></li> + <li>in France, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li>correspondence with Sir Brian Hastings, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a></li> + <li>his household goods, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li>and the House of Lords, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_360'>360</a>–1</li> + <li>and Lord Hussey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>–2</li> + <li>his imprisonment, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a>–5, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_363'>363</span>and the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_189'>189</a>–90, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>pg%pg%pg%–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>pg%pg%–5; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>–2, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a>–3, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a>–5</li> + <li>and Levening’s case, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='#Page_188'>188</a></li> + <li>his alleged letter to Lincs., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a></li> + <li>and the Lincs. prisoners, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a></li> + <li>and the Lincs. rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_191'>191</a></li> + <li>and the Duke of Norfolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='#Page_188'>188</a>–9, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a></li> + <li>his return to the North in 1536, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a></li> + <li>his papers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>–90, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a></li> + <li>his pardon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li>becomes a leader of the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>–9</li> + <li>his company of Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>–2</li> + <li>and the council at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>–6</li> + <li>his responsibility for Pontefract Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>–3, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>–9, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a></li> + <li>his surrender of Pontefract Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a>–90; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li>his position at the beginning of the rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>–71, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a></li> + <li>reports of his agents, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>pg%pg%</li> + <li>his servants, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li>and the Earl of Shrewsbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>pg%pg%–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_188'>188</a>–9, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li>his interview with Somerset Herald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>–306, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>–2</li> + <li>his stewards. <i>See</i> Strangeways, Thomas, and Grice, Thomas</li> + <li>summoned to London, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>–2, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a></li> + <li>accuses the Earl of Surrey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a></li> + <li>suspected, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a></li> + <li>and Sir Richard Tempest, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>–6, <a href='#Page_140'>140</a>–7, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>–6, <a href='#Page_314'>314</a></li> + <li>his anxiety during the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>–8</li> + <li>letter to, from the commons of Westmorland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li>and Cardinal Wolsey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>–20; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a></li> + <li>absent from the council at York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>–6</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darcy, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Darlington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Darrell, Elizabeth, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_364'>364</span>Dartnell, Jacques, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Davy, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Dawnye, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Delariver, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Delariver, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Delariver (Delaryver), Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a>–3, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Delaware, Thomas West, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='#Page_306'>306</a>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='#Page_312'>312</a>–3, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Demands of the rebels + <ul> + <li>the articles of St Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a></li> + <li>of Cornwall, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li>of Durham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a></li> + <li>of Lancashire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li>of Lincolnshire + <ul> + <li>general, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a></li> + <li>at Boston, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a></li> + <li>at Caistor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li>the Horncastle articles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_102'>102</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li>the first petition to the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a></li> + <li>the second petition to the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a></li> + <li>as reported in London, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li>sent to Yorkshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li>their influence in Yorkshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>in Northumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li>of Yorkshire + <ul> + <li>Aske’s speech upon, at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>–7</li> + <li>distributed during the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li>the terms of the second appointment at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>–24, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a></li> + <li>the first Yorkshire articles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_176'>176</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a></li> + <li>the five articles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_275'>275</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_291'>291</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a></li> + <li>the articles drawn up at Hunsley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>–7</li> + <li>a free pardon and a free parliament, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>–7, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>–18. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Pardon <i>and</i> Parliament</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>proposal to print the five articles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li>the twenty-four articles of Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>–374, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_387'>387</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>–15, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>–1</li> + <li>the Richmondshire articles, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li>the restoration of the monasteries, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>–6, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>–26, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a></li> + <li>the spiritual articles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a>–31, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Aske, Robert, his questions for the clergy</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Proclamations, Rebel</li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Denmark, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_334'>334</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_365'>365</span>Dent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a> + <ul> + <li>the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Derby county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Derby, Edward Stanley, third Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a>–20, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>pg%pg%–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>–4, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Derby town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a> + <ul> + <li>the bridge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Derwent, the river, Cumb., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Derwent, the river, Yorks., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Devon county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_88'>88</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dewsbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Diamond, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dickering wapentake, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_68'>68</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Dickson, Isaac, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dighton Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dilston, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dingley, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Disney, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dispensations from the Pope, Act declaring them void, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dissolution of the monasteries. <i>See</i> Suppression of the monasteries</li> + <li class='c020'>Dix, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dobsone, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>–4; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dockwray, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dod, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dod, Archie, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dod, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dod, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Don, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_5'>5</a>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>–52, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>pg%–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>pg%pg%pg%–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>pg%–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>pg%–21, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>–13, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>–17, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>–5, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>–6, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>–9, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a> + <ul> + <li>bridge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_268'>268</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a></li> + <li>the first appointment at, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. xi, pp. 241–272. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Truce of Doncaster</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>the second appointment at. <i>See</i> Pilgrimage of Grace, the second appointment at Doncaster</li> + <li>the Grey Friars’ house, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a></li> + <li>the White Friars’ house, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li>the Prior of the White Friars of. <i>See</i> Cook, Lawrence</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Donne, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Donnyngton, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Doomright, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dorset county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dorset, Henry Grey, Marquis of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Douglas, Lady Margaret, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_363'>363</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dover, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Downes, Dr Geoffrey, chancellor of York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Drewy, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_366'>366</span>Driffield, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Duckett, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dudley, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dudley, Edmund, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Duke, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dunbar, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a> + <ul> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a>–7</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Dunholm Heath (Lings), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Duns Scotus, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Durham, the Bishop’s Chancery, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Durham Cathedral, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Durham city, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>–9, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>–5, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>–6, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>–4, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a> + <ul> + <li>the mint, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Durham county + <ul> + <li>arrests there, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a></li> + <li>its liberties, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li>pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a></li> + <li>not represented in parliament, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li>Pilgrims from, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li>the rebellion in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li>sheriff of. <i>See</i> Hilton, Sir Thomas</li> + <li>escapes taxation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a></li> + <li>tenure in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li>unrest there during the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a></li> + <li>unrest there after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>–2, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>–7, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>–80, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a>–6, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a>–3</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Durham Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dymmoke, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dymmoke, Arthur, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dymmoke, Sir Edward, sheriff of Lincolnshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_127'>127</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dymmoke, Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Dymmoke, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Eamont Bridge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Easington, Yorks., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a> + <ul> + <li>the parson of. <i>See</i> Watts, John</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>East Anglia, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Eastbourne, the vicar of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Easterford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>East Meon, the vicar of. <i>See</i> Heliar, John</li> + <li class='c020'>Ebberstone, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Eden, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Edenhall, the vicar of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Edinburgh, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Edmund, a priest, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Edward I, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_182'>182</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Edward III, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Edward IV, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Edward, son of Henry VIII, afterwards Edward VI, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_77'>77</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_297'>297</a>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a>–20, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Egremont, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Eland, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a>–6, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_367'>367</span>Eleyn, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Elicampadus (Oecolampadius), John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Elizabeth, afterwards Queen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, Yorks., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_91'>91</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='#Page_91'>91</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, Agnes, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, Sir Ralph, the elder, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>–5, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, Sir Ralph, the younger + <ul> + <li>his warning to Aske, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_91'>91</a>–2</li> + <li>and the Beverley rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li>suppresses Bigod’s rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>–5, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>–1, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a>–7, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a></li> + <li>his feud with Sir Robert Constable, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_91'>91</a></li> + <li>at the first conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li>captain of Hull, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_165'>165</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a></li> + <li>King’s marshal, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a></li> + <li>his mission to the King. <i>See</i> Bowes, Robert, his mission to the King</li> + <li>and Archbishop Lee, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a></li> + <li>his company of Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a></li> + <li>at the council at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>–6</li> + <li>a commissioner of the Subsidy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li>at the council at York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a>–2</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>–201</li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerker, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerton Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ellerton, the Prior of. <i>See</i> Lawrence, James</li> + <li class='c020'>Elmedon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Elmedon, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Embleton, Cumb., the bailiff of. <i>See</i> Jackson, John</li> + <li class='c020'>Emett, Alexander, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Empress, the. <i>See</i> Isabella</li> + <li class='c020'>Empshot, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Empson, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Enclosures + <ul> + <li>acts regulating, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_12'>12</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a></li> + <li>of the common land, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_373'>373</a></li> + <li>in Cumberland and Westmorland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_371'>371</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a></li> + <li>the King’s instructions about, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li>in Lincolnshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a></li> + <li>their progress and effect, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li>rising directed against, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>England + <ul> + <li>Clergy of. <i>See</i> Clergy</li> + <li>communications with the Continent closed, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_368'>368</span>dangers of a renewed civil war, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a>–6</li> + <li>espionage in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li>the Established Church of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_376'>376</a></li> + <li>feudal dues in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_371'>371</a>–2</li> + <li>relations with France, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li>government by council, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_270'>270</a></li> + <li>the law of inheritance in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a>–3</li> + <li>proposed invasion of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a>–9, <a href='#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li>its isolation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li>land tenure in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a>–70</li> + <li>and the Netherlands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_282'>282</a>–3</li> + <li>its political condition, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. i, pp. 1–13, 361; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_334'>334</a></li> + <li>and the Pope, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_341'>341</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a>–9, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a></li> + <li>prophecies about, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>–3</li> + <li>the rebellion in, compared to the German Peasant Revolt, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>–40, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a></li> + <li>character of rebellions in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_332'>332</a>–3</li> + <li>the Reformation in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a>–302</li> + <li>state of religion in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a></li> + <li>expected war with Scotland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_334'>334</a>–5; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>–5, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a></li> + <li>Scots outlaws in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a></li> + <li>Supreme Head of the Church of. <i>See</i> Henry VIII, Supreme Head of the Church of England</li> + <li>forms of trial in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_182'>182</a></li> + <li>weapons used in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>–8, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>–2, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>–9, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>–8</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Ennesmore, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Erasmus, Desiderius, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Errington, Anthony, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Errington, Arthur, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Esch, Robert. <i>See</i> Ashton, Robert</li> + <li class='c020'>Escheators, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_368'>368</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Esk, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Essex county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_248'>248</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Essex, Henry Bourchier, Earl of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Essex, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Estgate, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Estgate, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Estoft, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Eton, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Everingham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Everingham, Sir Henry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Evers, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Evers, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Evers, Sir Ralph, the elder, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Evers, Sir Ralph, the younger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>–8, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>–4, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_369'>369</span>Evers, Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Evers, —, wife of Sir Ralph the younger, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Evers, Sir William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>–1, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Exeter city, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Exeter, Henry Courtenay, Marquis of + <ul> + <li>accusations against, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a></li> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a></li> + <li>attainted, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a></li> + <li>his royal blood, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li>in command against the rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>pg%–30; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a>, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a></li> + <li>unconnected with the Cornish plot, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>–1</li> + <li>and Cromwell. <i>See</i> Cromwell, Thomas, and Exeter</li> + <li>a member of the King’s Council, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li>expelled from the Council, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a>–6</li> + <li>banished from court, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='#Page_312'>312</a></li> + <li>evidence against, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>–3, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a>–21</li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a>–9, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a></li> + <li>his friends, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_290'>290</a>–1, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a></li> + <li>receives a grant of monastic lands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a></li> + <li>his opinions, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a></li> + <li>a plot in his favour, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>–1</li> + <li>his popularity, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a></li> + <li>Lord High Steward at Darcy’s trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_314'>314</a>–5</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='#Page_307'>307</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Exeter, Gertrude Courtenay, Marchioness of (the Lady Marquis), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a>–90, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a>–3, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a>–21, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Eynesham, the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Eyre, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a>–4, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Faenza, Ridolfo Pio, Bishop of, papal nuncio at Paris, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Fairfax, Sir Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fairfax, Thomas, King’s serjeant at law, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fairfax, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fairfax, Thomas, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Farforth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Farrore, Harry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fawcett, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Featherstonhaugh, the laird of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Felton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fendale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fenton, Ralph, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fenwick, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fenwick, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fenwick, George, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fenwick, Roger, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Ferdinand, King of Spain, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_370'>370</span>Fermor, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fermor, Sir Henry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fermour, Adam, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ferriby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ferriby Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a> + <ul> + <li>the Prior of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Ferrybridge (Ferrybridges), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Feversham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fewaryn (Fitzwarren), Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Field, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fife, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Fifteenth, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_137'>137</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Fincham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fincham, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li class='c020'>First Fruits (Annates), Act of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_137'>137</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_187'>187</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a>–5; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fishe, Guy, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fisher, John, Cardinal, Bishop of Rochester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fisher, Matthew, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fittleworth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fitzgerald, Thomas, Earl of Desmond, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fitzherbert, Sir Anthony, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fitzwilliam, Sir William, Lord Admiral, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a>–9, <a href='#Page_316'>316</a>–8, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Five Wounds of Christ. <i>See</i> Badge <i>and</i> Banner</li> + <li class='c020'>Flamborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Flanders, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>–3, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a>–84, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>–4, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fletcher, Bernard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fletcher, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Flodden, the battle of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Follansby, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ford Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Forest, Friar, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Forsett, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Forster, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Forster, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fortescue, Sir Adrian, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Forth, the frith of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Foster, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fountains Abbey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a> + <ul> + <li>the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li>the quondam Abbot of. <i>See</i> Thirsk, William</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Fowbery, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_64'>64</a>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fox, Edward, Bishop of Hereford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a></li> + <li class='c020'>France, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>–3, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a>–6, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a>–2, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>–5, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a>–20, <a href='#Page_322'>322</a> + <ul> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_371'>371</span>ambassador in England. <i>See</i> Castillon, Louis de Perreau, Sieur de</li> + <li>Constable of. <i>See</i> Montmorency, Anne de</li> + <li>the court of parliament of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a></li> + <li>Vice-Admiral of. <i>See</i> Moy, Charles de</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Francis I, King of France, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>–3, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>–2, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a>–9, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a> + <ul> + <li>his daughter. <i>See</i> Madeleine</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Francis, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>–2, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Franke, Thomas, rector of Lofthouse, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='#Page_161'>161</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Frankishe, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Franklin, William, Archdeacon of Durham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>–4; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fredewell, James, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Freeman, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Friars + <ul> + <li>Austin, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a></li> + <li>Black (Preachers), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li>Grey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li>Observant, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a></li> + <li>White, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Froude, J. A. ‘History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Armada’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_387'>387</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>–1, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a>–7, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Frythe (Frith), John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fulstow, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fulthorp, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Fulthorp, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Furness, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Furness Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a>–8 + <ul> + <li>the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a>–6, <a href='#Page_156'>156</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c003'>Gainsborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Galant, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Galowbaughen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Galtres Forest, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ganth, Hans, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ganton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gardiner, Stephen, Bishop of Winchester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_367'>367</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_375'>375</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a>–7, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Gargrave, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gascoigne, Master, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gascoigne, Sir Henry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gasquet, F. A. ‘Henry VIII and the English Monasteries’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gateforth, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gateshead, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gaunt, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gawan, Archbishop of Glasgow, Chancellor of Scotland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Genoa, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gentlemen of the North + <ul> + <li>and the Church, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>–6</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_372'>372</span>their lack of education, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a></li> + <li>a typical example, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a></li> + <li>their family history, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a></li> + <li>their feuds, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li>their grievances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_330'>330</a></li> + <li>their share in local government, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_332'>332</a></li> + <li>their good and bad qualities, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_60'>60</a></li> + <li>their part in the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>–4, <a href='#Page_100'>100</a>–8</li> + <li>their conduct after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a>, <a href='#Page_137'>137</a>, <a href='#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li>and their tenants, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>–9, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>–7, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li>sympathy with rioters, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Germany, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_367'>367</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a>–9 + <ul> + <li>the Peasant Revolt of 1525 in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>–40, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Gibson, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gifford, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Giggleswick <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gill, Harry, sub-prior of Watton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>–60, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a>–2, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gilsland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_115'>115</a>–6, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Girlington, Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gisburn, the vicar of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Glamis, Lady, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Glaskerion, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gloucester city, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_290'>290</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gloucester county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Godalming, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Goldsmith, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gonson, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Goodall, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Goodrich, Thomas, Bishop of Ely, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='#Page_316'>316</a>–7. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Goole, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Goole Dyke, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gostwick, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gower, Sir Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gower, Ralph, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grafton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Graham, the family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grame, Robin, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grantham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gray, Lionel, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_194'>194</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Gray’s Inn, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Graystoke, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Green, Dorothy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Green, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Greenwich, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a> + <ul> + <li>the Friary, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Gressoms. <i>See</i> Ingressum</li> + <li class='c020'>‘Grey Friars’ Chronicle’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grey (Gray), family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grey (Gray), Sir Roger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grey, Roger, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Grey, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Greystoke, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grice (Gryce), Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>,</li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_373'>373</span>237–8, 269, 295, 310, 311, 343, 347; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Griffith, Sir Rhys, ap <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Grimsby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>–80, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_322'>322</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grinston, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grinton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Grysanis, Anne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Guaras, Antonio, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Guildford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Guisborough, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a> + <ul> + <li>the Bishop’s palace, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li>the priest of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a></li> + <li>Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li>Prior of. <i>See</i> Silvester, Robert quondam Prior of. + <ul> + <li><i>See</i> Cockerell, James</li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Guisborough, George, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a>–6, <a href='#Page_178'>178</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Guisborough, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='#Page_178'>178</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Guise, Mary of. <i>See</i> Mary of Guise</li> + <li class='c020'>Gunter, Geoffrey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Gunter, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a>–9, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Haggar, Stephen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_102'>102</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hagnaby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hailes, the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hales, Sir Christopher, Master of the Rolls, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Halifax, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a> + <ul> + <li>the vicar of. <i>See</i> Holdsworth, Robert</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Hall, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hall, Anthony, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hall, Edward, ‘The Union of the Families of Lancaster and York’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hall, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hall, Sandy, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Hallam, John + <ul> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a>–6, <a href='#Page_73'>73</a></li> + <li>restrained by Aske, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>–50</li> + <li>in the Beverley rising, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li>and Sir Francis Bigod. <i>See</i> Bigod, Sir Francis, and John Hallam</li> + <li>his character and opinions, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>–7</li> + <li>captures Cromwell’s letter to young Sir Ralph Evers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a></li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li>his attempt on Hull. <i>See</i> Hull, Hallam’s attempt to seize</li> + <li>his insurrection, <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. xviii, pp. 55 <i>et seq.</i>, 99, 102, 199</li> + <li>dissatisfied with the general pardon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a></li> + <li>at the council at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a></li> + <li>a prisoner, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>–2, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a></li> + <li>attempts to cause a new rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>–8, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a></li> + <li>and seditious songs, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a></li> + <li>his quarrel with the Prior of Watton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>–60</li> + <li>at the council at York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_374'>374</span>reference, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Haltemprice Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Halton, Northumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_194'>194</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Halton Castle, Cheshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hambleton Hill, Lincs., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hambleton Hills, Yorks., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hamell, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hamerton, the family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hamerton, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hamerton, Elizabeth, mother of Sir Stephen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hamerton, Elizabeth, wife of Sir Stephen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hamerton, Henry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a>; ii, 204</li> + <li class='c020'>Hamerton, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hamerton, Roger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hamerton, Sir Stephen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>–6, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hampole nunnery, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_254'>254</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hampshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Handguns and Crossbows, the Statute of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_363'>363</a>–4; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harbottle, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harbottle Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a> + <ul> + <li>constable of. <i>See</i> Heron, John</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Hardwick in Sherwood, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Hardy, William Keing. <i>See</i> Captain Cobbler</li> + <li class='c020'>Harland, J. ‘Salley Abbey’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_143'>143</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harlaw Woods, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harrington, Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harrington, William, lord mayor of York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harrison, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harrison, Richard, Abbot of Kirkstead, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harrison, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_31'>31</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hartlepool, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hartlepool, Roger, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>–8, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Harwich, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hastings, Sir Brian, sheriff of Yorkshire 1536–7, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_273'>273</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hastings, Sir George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hastings, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hastings, Dame Katherine, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hatcliff, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hatfield, Yorks., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>–11</li> + <li class='c020'>Havant, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a> + <ul> + <li>a harper of. <i>See</i> Taylor, Lawrence</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Haverfordwest, the Prior of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hawley, Thomas, Clarencieux King-of-Arms, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Haynton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Headcorn, the curate of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hebyllthwayte, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hedge, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hedon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_375'>375</span>Helaigh, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Heliar, John, vicar of East Meon and rector of Warblington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a>–5, <a href='#Page_316'>316</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hellifield Peel, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Helmsley, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hemingborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Henneage, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Henry II, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Henry III, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Henry IV, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Henry VI, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_329'>329</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Henry VII, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_303'>303</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_373'>373</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Henry VIII + <ul> + <li>his accession to the throne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a></li> + <li>and Robert Aske <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>–91, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>–19, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>–3, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>–8, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>–51, <a href='#Page_54'>54</a>–3, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>–91, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>–5, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>–10, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>–5</li> + <li>receives news of Bigod’s insurrection, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>–6</li> + <li>and the Borders, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Borders, the King’s plan for their government</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>compared to + <ul> + <li>David, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a></li> + <li>Henry II, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a></li> + <li>Herod, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li>Nero, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li>Rehoboam, Edward II and Richard II, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>and Thomas Cromwell. <i>See</i> Cromwell, Thomas, and the King</li> + <li>and Darcy. <i>See</i> Darcy, Thomas, Lord, and the King</li> + <li>and the Earl of Derby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a></li> + <li>his disease, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a></li> + <li>his domestic relations, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>–21, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a></li> + <li>and the first appointment at Doncaster. <i>See below</i> and the truce</li> + <li>and the second appointment at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. xv, pp. 1–23, 56, 88, 102, 111, 126, 188, 206, 287, 292, 332</li> + <li>his ecclesiastical policy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_5'>5</a>–11, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>pg%–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_77'>77</a>pg%pg%pg%–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>pg%–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>–2, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>–6, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>–9, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>–2, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>–9, <a href='#Page_143'>143</a>–8, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>–2</li> + <li>his finances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>pg%pg%–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>–5, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>–5, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li>foreign affairs, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>pg%pg%–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_241'>241</a>–3, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>–7, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a>–6, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a>–9, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li>fears a general rising throughout England, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_376'>376</span>land held in chief from, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_365'>365</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_368'>368</a></li> + <li>and Archbishop Lee, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_380'>380</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a></li> + <li>his reply to the Lincs. rebels. <i>See</i> Proclamations, Royal</li> + <li>and the Lincs. rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>–20, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>pg%–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a>pg%–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_242'>242</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li>misapprehension of his character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='#Page_329'>329</a>, <a href='#Page_331'>331</a></li> + <li>and the nobles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a>–6, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>–3</li> + <li>and the Duke of Norfolk. <i>See</i> Norfolk, the Duke of, and the King</li> + <li>his proposed visit to the north, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a>–1, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a>–60, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li>reorganisation of the northern counties, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, chap. xxi, pp. 226 <i>et seq.</i></li> + <li>heir of the Earl of Northumberland. <i>See</i> Northumberland, the Earl of, act assuring his lands to the King</li> + <li>Oath of allegiance to. <i>See</i> Oath of allegiance</li> + <li>and the pacification of the north, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>–101, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–2, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>–7, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a></li> + <li>reluctant to grant a general pardon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>–4; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>–3, <a href='#Page_68'>68</a></li> + <li>his pardons. <i>See</i> Pardon</li> + <li>his private promises of pardon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a></li> + <li>his influence on parliament, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>–61, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a></li> + <li>the rebels’ petitions to. <i>See</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + <li>proposes to lead an army against the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_242'>242</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a></li> + <li>his replies to the Pilgrims’ Demands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>pg%pg%–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>pg%pg%pg%–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a>–2, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>–4, <a href='#Page_31'>31</a></li> + <li>receives the Pilgrims’ messengers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_334'>334</a></li> + <li>his policy with the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>–81, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>–4, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>–4, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>, chap. xvi, pp. 24 <i>et seq.</i>, 55, 59, 68, 82, 88, 105, 112, 280, 333</li> + <li>his preparations against the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>–20, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>–7</li> + <li>his first proclamation to the Pilgrims. <i>See</i> Proclamations, Royal</li> + <li>and Reginald Pole, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a>–3, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a>–9, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>–6, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_377'>377</span>prophecies about. <i>See</i> Prophecies</li> + <li>Rhymes and rumours about. <i>See</i> Rumour, <i>and</i> Sedition, rhymes</li> + <li>the question of safe-conducts, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_322'>322</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>–12, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a></li> + <li>correspondence with the Earl of Shrewsbury. <i>See</i> Shrewsbury, the Earl of, and the King</li> + <li>the problem of his successor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_297'>297</a></li> + <li>correspondence with the Duke of Suffolk. <i>See</i> Suffolk, the Duke of, correspondence with the King</li> + <li>Supreme Head of the Church of England + <ul> + <li>acceptance of the title, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_316'>316</a></li> + <li>the King asserts the title, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>–11, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_275'>275</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li>the clergy’s opinion of the title, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a></li> + <li>the nation’s opinion of the title, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li>opposition to the title, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>–5; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_68'>68</a>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='#Page_137'>137</a>, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a>–6, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>–1, <a href='#Page_312'>312</a></li> + <li>proposed limitations of his powers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a></li> + <li>treason to discuss the title, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>and the Treason Act, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>–3, <a href='#Page_278'>278</a></li> + <li>his influence on trials, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>–3, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>–7, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>–3, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li>and the truce of Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a></li> + <li>his unpopularity, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a>, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='#Page_297'>297</a>–8, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a></li> + <li>and the White Rose Party, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>–18; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a>–6, chap. xxii, pp. 277 <i>et seq.</i>, chap. xxiii, pp. 297 <i>et seq.</i></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>pg%pg%pg%–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>–7, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a>–2, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>–6, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Henryson, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Herbert, Lord, of Cherbury, ‘Life of Henry VIII’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hereford, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Fox, Edward</li> + <li class='c020'>Heresy. <i>See</i> New Learning</li> + <li class='c020'>Herington, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Heron, Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_378'>378</span>Heron, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Heron, John, of Chipchase, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>–2, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–3, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Heron of Ford, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Heron, John, of the Hall Barns, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hert, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hert, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hertford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hessle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Hexham <i>alias</i> Topcliffe, John, Abbot of Whitby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_350'>350</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hexham Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–2, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>–3 + <ul> + <li>the sub-prior of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>–4</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Hexham town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_194'>194</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hexhamshire, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Heydock, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Heydon, Sir John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Heyton Wansdale. <i>See</i> Marston</li> + <li class='c020'>Hilliard (Hillyard), Sir Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hilsey, John, Bishop of Rochester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hilton Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hilton, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Hilton, Hugh, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hilton, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hilton, Sir Thomas, sheriff of Durham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_284'>284</a>pg%–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_376'>376</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hinde, John, the King’s solicitor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hinderwell, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hodge, Robert, curate of Whitburn, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Hogon, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Holderness, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>–61, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_167'>167</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a>–4, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>–5, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Holdsworth, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Holdsworth, Robert, vicar of Halifax, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Holgate, Robert, Prior of Watton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Holidays + <ul> + <li>Christmas customs, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li>May games, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + <li>Michaelmas 1536, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a></li> + <li>Midsummer customs, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a></li> + <li>order for, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a></li> + <li>Plough Monday, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li>their prohibition causes discontent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a>–1, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li>the rebels demand their restoration, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li>shooting at the flyte and standard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Holinshed, Raphael, ‘Chronicles of England’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Holland, Lincs., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_379'>379</span>Holland, Hugh, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>–6, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a>–5, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a>–6, <a href='#Page_309'>309</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Holm Cultram Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a> + <ul> + <li>the Abbot of. <i>See</i> Carter, Thomas <i>and</i> Ireby, Thomas</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Holme-in-Spalding Moor, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>–3, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Holme, Wilfred, ‘The Fall and Evil Success of Rebellion’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_179'>179</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Holy Island, Northumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Holyrood, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hooke Moor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hopton, Sir Arthur, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Horncastle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hornchurch, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Horncliff, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Horner, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Horskey, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>–4, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>–2, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Horsley, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_290'>290</a>–1, <a href='#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Horsley, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Horwood, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hotham, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Houghton juxta Harpley, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li class='c020'>House of Commons. <i>See</i> Parliament</li> + <li class='c020'>House of Lords. <i>See</i> Parliament</li> + <li class='c020'>Howard, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Howard, Queen Katherine, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Howard, Katherine, widow of Rhys ap Griffith, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Howard, Lord Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span> 23</li> + <li class='c020'>Howard, Lord William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Howden, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Howdenshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_163'>163</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hudson, Clement, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hudswell, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hugill, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hull + <ul> + <li>Beverley gate, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>–1</li> + <li>the Busse ditch, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a></li> + <li>captain of. <i>See</i> Ellerker, Sir Ralph, the younger</li> + <li>the Charterhouse. <i>See</i> Carthusians of Hull</li> + <li>the parish church, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li>proposed fortification of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>–8, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>–2, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>–9, <a href='#Page_88'>88</a></li> + <li>Hallam’s attempt to seize, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>–8, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>–8, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>–3, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a></li> + <li>the Hermitage, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a></li> + <li>its loyalty to the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a></li> + <li>market, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>–4, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a></li> + <li>the mayor of. <i>See</i> Rogers, William</li> + <li>Bigod’s messengers to, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_73'>73</a>–4. + <ul> + <li><i>See also below</i>, prisoners</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>vessels of <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_380'>380</span>pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a></li> + <li>parliamentary representatives, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li>in the Pilgrim’s hands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_167'>167</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_301'>301</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>–9</li> + <li>the plague in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li>prisoners in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_73'>73</a>–8, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>–91, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li>the siege of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>–61, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li>surrender of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Hullshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Humber, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%</li> + <li class='c020'>Hume, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hundred Years War, the, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hungate, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hunsley Beacon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Huntingdon town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Huntingdon, George Hastings, Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_361'>361</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Huntington, Yorks., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Husee, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='#Page_307'>307</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Huss, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hussey, Master, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hussey, Anne, wife of John, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>–1; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hussey, John, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>pg%–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>pg%–92, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a>–6, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>–7, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hussey, Sir William, father of Lord Hussey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hussey, Sir William, son of Lord Hussey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hutchinson, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hutton, Cumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hutton Cranswick, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hutton, Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hutton, John, governor of the Merchant Adventurers of Antwerp, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='#Page_322'>322</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Hutton, Thomas, of Snaith, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Indictments, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–4, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ingleby, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ingressum, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a>–72; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Injunctions of the Court of Chancery, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Injunctions, the First Royal, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Inner Temple, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Inns of Court, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_367'>367</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Interdict, the Bull of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ipswich, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>—— the White Friars, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_381'>381</span>Ireby, Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ireby, Thomas, Abbot of Holm Cultram, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ireland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Isabella, Empress of Charles V, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Isle, the, Durham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Isle of Wight, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Italy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Jackson, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jackson, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jakes, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li class='c020'>James IV, King of Scotland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c020'>James V, King of Scotland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_363'>363</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>–50, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a>–6, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a>–8, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Jay, Edward, Prior of Hexham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Jedburgh Abbey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jedworth Forest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jeffreys, Judge, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jenney, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jepson, Isabel, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jerusalem, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jervaux Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>–8, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>–9, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a> + <ul> + <li>Abbot of. <i>See</i> Sedbarr, Adam</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Jervyse, Harry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jewel House, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jherom, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jobson, Brian, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>John the Baptist, St, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>John, St, of Beverley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a></li> + <li class='c020'>John, St, of Jerusalem, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>John the Piper, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Johnson’s house, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Johnson, Mr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_64'>64</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Johnson, Thomas (Brother Bonaventure), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Johnson, Dom Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Johnson, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jons, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Jonson, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_248'>248</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Julian Bower, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Katherine, youngest daughter of Edward IV, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Katherine of Arragon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>–18, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>–25, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>pg%–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a>, <a href='#Page_320'>320</a>–1, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kedington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kelet Moor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kelsey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kendal, barony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kendal, borough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>–1, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a> + <ul> + <li>the bailiff of. <i>See</i> Collins, Wm</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Kendall, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_181'>181</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kendall, Thos., vicar of Louth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Kene, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_382'>382</span>Kenilworth Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kenninghall, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_242'>242</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kensey, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kent, county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kent, George Grey, Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kermounde, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kesteven, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kettlewell, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kevin, St, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kexby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kilton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kilwatling How, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kimbolton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a></li> + <li class='c020'>King, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>King’s Lynn, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kingston, Sir Wm, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kingswood, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkby in Cleveland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkby Lonsdale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkby Malzyerd, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkby Ravensworth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a> + <ul> + <li>the rector of. <i>See</i> Dakyn, John</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkbyshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkby Stephen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>–3, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a> + <ul> + <li>the curate of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Kirk Deighton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a> + <ul> + <li>the rector of. <i>See</i> Waldby, Marmaduke</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkham Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkstall, the Abbot of. <i>See</i> Ripley, John</li> + <li class='c020'>Kirkstead Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a>–3 + <ul> + <li>the Abbot of. <i>See</i> Harrison, Ric.</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Kirton, Thos, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kirton Soke, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kitchen, Roger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>–4, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kitchin, ‘Acts of the Northern Convocation’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kite, John, Bishop of Carlisle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Knaresborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a> + <ul> + <li>the forest of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a></li> + <li>St Robert’s Friary, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>–2, <a href='#Page_68'>68</a>–9, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Knevet, Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Knight, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Knolles, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Knutsford, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kyme, Guy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>–80, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_94'>94</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a>–3, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Kyme, Thos, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Lacy, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lacy, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Lacy, Lancelot, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Lacy, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lambart, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lambeth, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lamerside Hall, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lamplough, Sir John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lamprecht, K., ‘Deutsche Geschichte,’ <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lancashire + <ul> + <li>boundaries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_383'>383</span>the Earl of Derby’s musters, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a></li> + <li>disaffection in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_188'>188</a></li> + <li>pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a></li> + <li>the Pilgrimage of Grace in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a></li> + <li>trials, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>–8</li> + <li>the truce in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>–20, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_147'>147</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Lancaster, the House of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lancaster Herald. <i>See</i> Miller, Thomas</li> + <li class='c020'>Lancaster town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–3 + <ul> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a>–7</li> + <li>the mayor of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Lanercost Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Langdale, Hugh, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>–4, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>–2, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Langgrische, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Langley, barony of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Langley Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Langrege, Dr, Archdeacon of Cleveland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Langthorn, Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Langton, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Langwith Lane End, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lartington, the chantry priest of. <i>See</i> Tristram, William</li> + <li class='c020'>Lasingham, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lassells, George, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lassells, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lassells, Roger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Lastingham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lateran, the Council of the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lather, Thomas, cellarer of Watton Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lathom, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Latimer, John Neville, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>–9, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Latimer, Hugh, Bishop of Worcester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lawrence, James, Prior of Ellerton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lawson, Sir George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>–9, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Layborne, Parson, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_31'>31</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Layton, Dr Richard, clerk of the Chancery, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_367'>367</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Layton, Dr, preacher, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_259'>259</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Leache, Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Leache, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Leache, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>–6, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Leckonfield, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>–1, <a href='#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_384'>384</span>Ledam, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lee, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lee, Edward, Archbishop of York + <ul> + <li>and Robert Aske, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_380'>380</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>pg%</li> + <li>his disputes with Beverley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a></li> + <li>his brother, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a></li> + <li>and Lord Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li>and the King’s policy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>–5</li> + <li>and the Pilgrims’ demands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a></li> + <li>at Pontefract Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%</li> + <li>his sermon at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>–82; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a></li> + <li>and the rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_376'>376</a>–81, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='#Page_330'>330</a></li> + <li>his servants, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a></li> + <li>his steward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li>and the taxation of the clergy, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_259'>259</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Lee, Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lee, Roland, Bishop of Coventry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Leeds, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Legate, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Legbourne Nunnery, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Legh, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_367'>367</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Leicestershire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Leicester town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Leith Haven, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lenton Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Letters, Royal, Letters Missive, Royal Commissions + <ul> + <li>circular letter to the Bishops, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li>commission on the condition of the clergy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_94'>94</a></li> + <li>commission to the Earl of Derby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li>concerning Hexham Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_194'>194</a></li> + <li>to the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>–7</li> + <li>to muster troops, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>pg%–4</li> + <li>for attendance on the Duke of Norfolk, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li>citation to London, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>–5, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>–62, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li>concerning the title of Supreme Head of the Church <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a></li> + <li>joint commission of lieutenancy to Shrewsbury and Norfolk. <i>See</i> Norfolk, 3rd Duke of, his joint commission of lieutenancy with Shrewsbury</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Levening, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>–3, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>–7, <a href='#Page_188'>188</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lewes, Adam, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ley, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_385'>385</span>Leyborne, Sir James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Leyborne, Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Liddesdale, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>–3, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Liége, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a>–7, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a>–5, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lillesdale Hall (Bilsdale?), <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Limehouse, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Limoges, Bishop of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lincoln city + <ul> + <li>the Angel Inn, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a></li> + <li>assizes, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li>the Bishop’s palace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a></li> + <li>the cathedral, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li>the castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a></li> + <li>the Castle Garth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a></li> + <li>the chapter house, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a></li> + <li>the close, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a></li> + <li>the dean’s house, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li>executions there. <i>See</i> Lincs. rebellion, executions</li> + <li>monastery of St Katherine, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a></li> + <li>the mayor of. <i>See</i> Sutton, Robert</li> + <li>Mile Cross towards Nettleham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a></li> + <li>New Port, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li>prisoners in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a>–1, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li>the rebels in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>–15, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a></li> + <li>Suffolk’s advance to, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a></li> + <li><i>See also</i> Suffolk, the Duke of, at Lincoln</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_301'>301</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Lincoln, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lincolnshire + <ul> + <li>its character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a></li> + <li>condition of, after the rising, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>the King’s lieutenant there. <i>See</i> Suffolk, the Duke of</li> + <li>opposition to the New Learning in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li>monastic debts in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a></li> + <li>the royal army in. <i>See</i> Army, the Royal, in Lincs.</li> + <li>a centre of sedition, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a></li> + <li>the false Princess Mary in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li>the subsidy men, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a>–5, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Lincolnshire rebellion + <ul> + <li>accounts of, on the continent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a></li> + <li>its characteristics, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_90'>90</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a></li> + <li>the commons and the gentlemen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_138'>138</a>–40, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–51</li> + <li>Lord Darcy’s opinion of. <i>See</i> Darcy, Lord, and the Lincs. rebellion</li> + <li>Demands of the rebels. <i>See</i> Demands of the rebels of Lincs.</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_386'>386</span>executions, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a>–4, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li>execution of the rebels delayed, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–51, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a></li> + <li>causes of its failure, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_138'>138</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_334'>334</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_381'>381</a></li> + <li>finances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li>examination of the gentlemen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–51</li> + <li>the rebels at Lincoln. <i>See</i> Lincoln city, the rebels in</li> + <li>monks in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a>, <a href='#Page_155'>155</a>–7</li> + <li>murders and plundering, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_196'>196</a></li> + <li>numbers of the rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li>oath of the rebels. <i>See</i> Oath of the Lincs. rebels</li> + <li>outbreak at Caistor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>–7</li> + <li>outbreak at Horncastle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li>outbreak at Louth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a></li> + <li>the pardon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>–5, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>–1</li> + <li>the parish priests in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_94'>94</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_102'>102</a></li> + <li>prisoners sent to London, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li>prisoners pardoned, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a>–3</li> + <li>refugees, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_93'>93</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li>royal letters to the rebels. <i>See</i> Letters, Royal, and Proclamations, Royal</li> + <li>spreading of the rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li>and the commissioners of the Suppression, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a></li> + <li>surrender and dispersal of the rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a></li> + <li>trials, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>–4, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li>connection with the Yorkshire rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>–80, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>pg%pg%–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a>–2</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Lindsey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Line (Leven), the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lisle, Arthur Plantagenet, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_307'>307</a>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lisle, Lady, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lisle, Sir Humphry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lisle, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Littlebury, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Littleton, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Llandaff, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Holgate, Robert</li> + <li class='c020'>Lobley, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lockwood, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_387'>387</span>Loder, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Loder, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lofthouse, the rector of. <i>See</i> Franke, Thomas</li> + <li class='c020'>Lofthouse, the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_161'>161</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Lollardy, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Londesborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>London + <ul> + <li>Bethlehem without Bishopgate, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a></li> + <li>Bishop of. <i>See</i> Stokesley, John</li> + <li>the Black Friars nigh Ludgate, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li>London Bridge, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a></li> + <li>Chancery Lane, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a></li> + <li>the Charterhouse. <i>See</i> Carthusians</li> + <li>Cheapside, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a></li> + <li>Crossed Friars’ Churchyard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li>Darcy detained in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_189'>189</a>–90</li> + <li>districts in. <i>See under their names, as</i> Smithfield, Limehouse, etc.</li> + <li>the Fleet prison, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>–2</li> + <li>the gates, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li>the Guild Hall, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–4, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a></li> + <li>the King’s Bench prison, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li>Our Lady Friars in Fleet Street, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li>news of the Lincs. rebellion reaches, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li>the Lord Mayor of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li>the Marshalsea, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_163'>163</a>–5, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a></li> + <li>Newgate, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a></li> + <li>Pardon Churchyard by the Charterhouse, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a></li> + <li>St Paul’s, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Paul’s Cross</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>the plague in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li>preparations to suppress the rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li>rebel proclamations in. <i>See</i> Proclamations, Rebel, in London</li> + <li>Protestant feeling in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li>its unprotected position, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_125'>125</a></li> + <li>the Queen’s Head in Fleet Street, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a></li> + <li>the Rolls, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a></li> + <li>royal progress through, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a></li> + <li>rumours in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a>, <a href='#Page_307'>307</a></li> + <li>news of the Yorkshire rebellion reaches, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>–3, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>–40, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>–2, <a href='#Page_54'>54</a>–80, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>–6, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a>–31, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>–9, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–6, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a>–8, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a>–7, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a>–5, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>–5</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Longbottom, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_388'>388</span>Longland, John, Bishop of Lincoln, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Lonsdale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lordington, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Louth + <ul> + <li>Church, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a></li> + <li>commissary’s court at, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>–2</li> + <li>the Corn Hill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a></li> + <li>the High Cross, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_94'>94</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li>the Tollbooth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a></li> + <li>the vicar of. <i>See</i> Kendale, Thomas</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>–107, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>–50, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a>–4</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Louthesk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Louth Park, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a> + <ul> + <li>Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Louvain, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lovell, Sir Francis, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lovell’s rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Low Countries. <i>See</i> Netherlands, the</li> + <li class='c020'>Lownde, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lowrey, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lowther, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lowther, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>–6, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Loyalists, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>–201, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Luis of Portugal, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Luke, Sir Walter, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lumley Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lumley, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lumley, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>–72, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>–200, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lumley, Jane, wife of George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lumley, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lumley, John, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>–5; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>–62, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a>–200</li> + <li class='c020'>Lupton, Dr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Luther, Martin, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lutherans, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lutton, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Lygerd, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lynn, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lynney, Randolph, vicar of Blackburn, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_147'>147</a>–8, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lynton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Lythe, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Mackerell, Matthew, Abbot of Barlings, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>–51, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Madeleine (Magdalen), daughter of Francis I, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>–3, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a>–4, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Madeson, Sir Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Madowell, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_389'>389</span>Magna Carta, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_360'>360</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_387'>387</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Magnus, Thomas, Archdeacon of the, East Riding, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Maidstone, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Maitland, F. W. ‘English Law and the Renaissance’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_367'>367</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_182'>182</a> + <ul> + <li>‘Year Books of Edward II’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>–7</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Mallory, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mallory, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Maltby, Simon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Malton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a> + <ul> + <li>Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>–9</li> + <li>the Prior of. <i>See</i> Todde, William</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Maltravers, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Manby, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Manchester, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a> + <ul> + <li>College, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Manne, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Manser, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Manser, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mansfield, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mansfield, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marches, Council of the. <i>See</i> Borders, Council of the Marches</li> + <li class='c020'>Marck, Erard de la, Bishop of Liége, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Margaret, Queen-Dowager of Scotland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Markby Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Markenfield, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Market Rasen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marney, Henry, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marshall, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marshall, —, clerk of Beswick, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marshall, Dr Cuthbert, Archdeacon of Nottingham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Marshall, Dr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marshall, Simon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marshland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–50, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marston <i>alias</i> Heyton Wansdale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Marton Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mary, afterwards Queen + <ul> + <li>and Charles V, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li>danger of her position, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>–5</li> + <li>her friends, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='#Page_320'>320</a>, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li>her governess, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li>her proposed flight from Greenwich, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a></li> + <li>impersonated, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li>question of her legitimacy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_363'>363</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a></li> + <li>proposals for her marriage, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>–4</li> + <li>the Pilgrims support her claims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a></li> + <li>her popularity, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a>–7</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_390'>390</span>reconciled to her father, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a></li> + <li>her reign, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Mary of Guise, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mary of Hungary, Regent of the Netherlands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_282'>282</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Masham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mashamshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Master of the Rolls. <i>See</i> Hales, Christopher</li> + <li class='c020'>Maston, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Maunsell, Thomas, vicar of Brayton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a>–90, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Maunsell, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Maxwell, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Maydland, Dr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Meat, act regulating the price of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_13'>13</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Melanchthon, Philip, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Melling, the constable of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Melmerby, the parson of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Melton, Nicholas. <i>See</i> Captain Cobbler</li> + <li class='c020'>Merlay, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Merlin, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Merriman, R. B. ‘Life and Letters of Thomas Cromwell’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_296'>296</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Metcalf, Sir James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Metham, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Metham, young, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Meux, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mewtas, Peter, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middleham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middleham Moor, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middleton, Lancs., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middleton, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middleton, —, yeoman, and his wife, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middleton, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>–8, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middleton, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middlewood, Roger, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>–8, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Middlewood, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Miffin, Philip, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Milan, Christina, Dowager-Duchess of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Milan, the Duchy of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Milburn, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_371'>371</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Milburn, the family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Milburn, Christopher, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Milburn, David, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Milburn, Humphry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mileham, Nicholas, sub-prior of Walsingham, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Miller, Thomas, Lancaster Herald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_228'>228</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–80; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a>–1, <a href='#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Millthrop Hall, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Milner, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_391'>391</span>Milnthorpe, the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Milsent, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>‘Mirror for Magistrates’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_85'>85</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Missenden, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Moigne, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_90'>90</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>–100, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a>–1; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Moke, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Monasteries + <ul> + <li>capacities for monks, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li>proposed crown rent charge from their lands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>–5</li> + <li>and the Statute of First Fruits, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a></li> + <li>grants of monastic lands, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>–9, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a>–2</li> + <li>and Henry VIII. <i>See</i> Henry VIII, his ecclesiastical policy</li> + <li>Queen Jane pleads for them, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a></li> + <li>not restored by the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li>restored by the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>–1, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>–6, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a></li> + <li>and the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>–40, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–6, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a>–7, <a href='#Page_212'>212</a>–4</li> + <li>their popularity, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a>–51</li> + <li>prophecies in. <i>See</i> Prophecies</li> + <li>the rebels demand their restoration. <i>See</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + <li>draft act for their reorganisation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_375'>375</a></li> + <li>suppressed, receivers of their goods, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a></li> + <li>refounding of, after suppression, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>–6</li> + <li>opinions of the suppression in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li>suppression or surrender of the greater, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–2, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>–9, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–7, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li>general suppression of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a>–2, <a href='#Page_329'>329</a></li> + <li>and their tenants, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Monketon, Anne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Monketon, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>–3, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Monmouth’s Rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Montague, Henry Pole, Lord + <ul> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a></li> + <li>his character and opinions, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_361'>361</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>–4, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a></li> + <li>his danger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a>–7, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a></li> + <li>evidence against, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>–2, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a></li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a>–7</li> + <li>his correspondence with Exeter. <i>See</i> Exeter, the Marquis of, his friends</li> + <li>his family and connections, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a></li> + <li>his proposed flight from England, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_278'>278</a>, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='#Page_316'>316</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_392'>392</span>his friends, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_290'>290</a>–2, <a href='#Page_313'>313</a></li> + <li>his papers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>–6, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a></li> + <li>message from Cardinal Pole, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a>–6, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a></li> + <li>and Sir Geoffrey Pole’s arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_306'>306</a></li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='#Page_296'>296</a>, <a href='#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='#Page_307'>307</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Montague, Jane, Lady, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Monteagle, Thomas Stanley, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Montmorency, Anne de, Constable of France, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Monubent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Monyhouse, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Moors, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mordaunt, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>More, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Moreton, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Morland, William, <i>alias</i> Burobe, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Morley, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Morpeth, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Morris, John, ‘The Troubles of our Catholic Forefathers’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mortlake, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_303'>303</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Moryson, Richard, ‘An Invective against Treason’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_307'>307</a>, <a href='#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='#Page_314'>314</a>–5, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Mountgrace Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mountjoy, William Blount, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mousehold Heath, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Moy, Charles de, vice-admiral of France, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mulgrave, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Muncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Musgrave, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_115'>115</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Musgrave, Cuthbert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_116'>116</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Musgrave, Sir Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Musgrave, Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>–3, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Musgrave, Sir William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Muskham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Mustone. <i>See</i> Maston</li> + <li class='c020'>Mustone, the vicar of. <i>See</i> Dobsone, John</li> + <li class='c003'>Napoleon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nassau, the Count of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Navy, the English, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>–3, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Naworth Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neales Ynge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neat geld, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nesfield, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nethe Abbey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_143'>143</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Netherdale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Netherlands, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='#Page_322'>322</a> + <ul> + <li>the Regent of. <i>See</i> Mary of Hungary</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Nettleham (Netlam), <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville (Nevill), Edith, Lady, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_393'>393</span>Neville, Sir Edward, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a>–90, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>–5, <a href='#Page_320'>320</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville, Henry, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville, Sir John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville (Nevill), Margaret, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville (Nevill), Marmaduke, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville (Nevill), Mary, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville (Nevill), Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville (Nevill), Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Neville, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>New, Roger, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Newark, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>–20; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_5'>5</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a> + <ul> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a></li> + <li>the vicar of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Newbald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_64'>64</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Newborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Newburgh Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Newbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Newcastle-upon-Tyne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>–9, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a>–5, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>–4, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a>–8, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>–70, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Newdyke, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li class='c020'>New Learning, the + <ul> + <li>and the ten articles of religion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a></li> + <li>bishops inclined to, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>–4</li> + <li>in East Anglia, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li>in Germany, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li>the King’s persecution of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a>–300</li> + <li>literature, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a></li> + <li>in the monasteries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li>its progress, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a>, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a>, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li>the rebels demand its suppression. <i>See</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + <li>its unpopularity, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>–9, <a href='#Page_196'>196</a>–3, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_259'>259</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Newminster Abbey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Newstead, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Newton, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nice, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nicholas, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nicholson, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a>, <a href='#Page_64'>64</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nidd, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nidderdale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nieuport, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Noble, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norfolk county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a>–4, <a href='#Page_178'>178</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norfolk rebellion of, 1549 <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norfolk, Thomas Howard, second Duke of, formerly Earl of Surrey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_394'>394</span>Norfolk, Thomas Howard, third Duke of, formerly Lord Admiral + <ul> + <li>and Robert Aske. <i>See</i> Aske, Robert, and the Duke of Norfolk</li> + <li>and the Borders, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>–4, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–9, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>–4, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a>–70, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a>–6</li> + <li>his plan of campaign, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a></li> + <li>plot to capture, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>–1, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li>his character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_4'>4</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li>and the commons’ rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>–24, <a href='#Page_128'>128</a></li> + <li>his council, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a></li> + <li>his correspondence with the Privy Council. <i>See</i> Council, the King’s, correspondence with Norfolk</li> + <li>his correspondence with Cromwell. <i>See</i> Cromwell, Thomas, his correspondence with Norfolk</li> + <li>his rivalry with Cromwell, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_5'>5</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='#Page_221'>221</a>–2, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li>and Darcy. <i>See</i> Darcy, Thomas, Lord, and the Duke of Norfolk</li> + <li>suppresses disturbances in Norfolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>–1; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li>at the second conference at Doncaster. <i>See</i> Pilgrimage of Grace, the second appointment at Doncaster</li> + <li>and Sir Ralph Evers, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a>–4</li> + <li>his family, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a></li> + <li>his finances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a></li> + <li>at the Battle of Flodden, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li>hated in the north, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a></li> + <li>and the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–30; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>–11, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>–6, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>–4, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>–3, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>–8, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>–4, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>–7, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>–5, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>–9, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>–1, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a>–60, <a href='#Page_264'>264</a>–5, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a>–70, <a href='#Page_273'>273</a></li> + <li>his mission to the north, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>–32, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>–46, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>–53, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a>–2, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>–7, chap. xviii, pp. 99 <i>et seq.</i>, 141, 158, 160, 187–8, 202, 206, 209, 215, 244, 246, 253, 254–6, 259, 270, 272</li> + <li>his first journey north, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>–51</li> + <li>his opinion of northern gentlemen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='#Page_269'>269</a></li> + <li>his designs on the Percy inheritance, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>–7, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a>–40, <a href='#Page_251'>251</a>–3, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>–5, <a href='#Page_274'>274</a></li> + <li>his opinion of the Pilgrims’ army, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a></li> + <li>collects evidence against the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>–5, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>–1, <a href='#Page_194'>194</a>–201, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>–1, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a>–9</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_395'>395</span>his sympathy with the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_329'>329</a>–31, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a></li> + <li>sent to treat with the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>pg%–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a></li> + <li>his policy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_4'>4</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>–8</li> + <li>his popularity, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>–6, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>–8</li> + <li>his promise to keep no terms with the rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>–60; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_5'>5</a>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a></li> + <li>reports of his agents, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_123'>123</a></li> + <li>rumour of his arrest. <i>See</i> Rumour, of the Duke of Norfolk’s arrest</li> + <li>his troops, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_248'>248</a>pg%pg%–9</li> + <li>superseded in the command of the royal army, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a></li> + <li>reappointed to command the royal army, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a></li> + <li>and Scottish affairs, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a>–50, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li>and the Earl of Shrewsbury. <i>See</i> Shrewsbury, the Earl of, and the Duke of Norfolk</li> + <li>his joint commission with Shrewsbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_29'>29</a></li> + <li>and the Duke of Suffolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_268'>268</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_22'>22</a></li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a></li> + <li>holds trials, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>–111, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>–122, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>–6, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a>–7, <a href='#Page_140'>140</a>–8, <a href='#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li>at York. <i>See</i> York city, the Duke of Norfolk at</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>–9, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Norham Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norman, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Northallerton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Northamptonshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>North Cave, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li class='c020'>North Charlton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a></li> + <li class='c020'>North Tynedale. <i>See</i> Tynedale, North</li> + <li class='c020'>Northumberland county + <ul> + <li>escapes taxation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a></li> + <li>gentlemen of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–1, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li>pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a></li> + <li>the rising in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>–201; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a></li> + <li>the truce proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li>unrest there after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–3, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Northumberland, the Earls of. <i>See</i> Percy, family of</li> + <li class='c020'>Northumberland, the first Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_396'>396</span>Northumberland, the fifth Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Northumberland, the seventh Earl of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_331'>331</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Percy, Sir Thomas, his children</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Northumberland, Henry Percy, sixth Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>–34, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>pg%pg%–50, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>pg%pg%–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a>–2, <a href='#Page_265'>265</a> + <ul> + <li>Act assuring his lands to the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Northumberland, Katherine, dowager countess of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>–1; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='#Page_273'>273</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Northumberland, Mary, Countess of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norton, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norton, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norton, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norton, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norton, Cheshire, the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norton Conyers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norway, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Norwich, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a>–9 + <ul> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Nottingham county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nottingham town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>pg%pg%pg%–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a> + <ul> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a></li> + <li>the Archdeacon of. <i>See</i> Marshall, Dr Cuthbert</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Nunney (Nonye), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nun of Kent, Elizabeth Barton, the, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_313'>313</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Nuttles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Oath + <ul> + <li>of allegiance to the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>–101, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>–2, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>–3</li> + <li>devised by Sir Francis Bigod, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li>of the Cornish rebels, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li>of the rebels at Kendal, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li>of the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li>the obligation of contradictory oaths, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_387'>387</a></li> + <li>of the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>pg%–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>–3, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a></li> + <li>of canonical obedience to the Pope, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a></li> + <li>of the Richmondshire rebels, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_397'>397</span>acknowledging the King’s supremacy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='#Page_312'>312</a></li> + <li>a treasonable, taken in the Yorkshire dales, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li>of the Yorkshire rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>–5</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Observant Friars. <i>See</i> Friars, Observant</li> + <li class='c020'>Ogle, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ogle, Lewis, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ogle, Robert, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Oldfelden, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Oldfelden, Philip, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Oldfelden, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>–70</li> + <li class='c020'>Ombler, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Order of the Garter, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Orders. <i>See</i> Proclamations, Royal</li> + <li class='c020'>Orleans, the Duke of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ormsby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ortiz, Dr Pedro, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Osborne, Harry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Oseney, the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Osgodby, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Otterburn, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Otterburn, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Otterburn, Adam, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Otterburn, James, priest of Rosedale, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Oughtred, Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ouse, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ovingham, the master of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Oxford city, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a> + <ul> + <li>the vicar of St Peter’s in the East. <i>See</i> Serls, —</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Oxford county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Oxford, John de Vere, 15th Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Oxford University, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a>–70 + <ul> + <li>Oriel College, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Oxneyfield, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>–3</li> + <li class='c003'>Page, Sir Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Palmer, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Palmes, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Palmes, Dr George, rector of Sutton-upon-Derwent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Papal Dispensations declared void by Act of Parliament, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pardon + <ul> + <li>persons excepted from, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li>the general <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>–21, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>–31, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>–4, <a href='#Page_73'>73</a>–8, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a>–8, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>–8, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a>–2, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>–2, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>–8, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li>dissatisfaction caused by the general, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>–1, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>–60, <a href='#Page_68'>68</a></li> + <li>the final, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_328'>328</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_398'>398</span>the Lincs. rebels petition for, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_127'>127</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Demands of the rebels, of Lincs.</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>proposed, to the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a></li> + <li>to Marshland and Holderness, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a></li> + <li>by act of parliament, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_361'>361</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Demands of the rebels, of Yorks.</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>a limited, offered to the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>–7, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a></li> + <li>sale of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_373'>373</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Paris, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Parishe, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Parker, Edmund, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_188'>188</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Parker, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Parkyns, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Parliament + <ul> + <li>complaints of abuses in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>–61; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_330'>330</a></li> + <li>of December 1529 to March 1536, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li>of June to July 1536, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a></li> + <li>of 1539, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>–4</li> + <li>acts of. <i>See under separate heads as</i> Treason, Act of</li> + <li>its composition, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li>freedom of access to, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li>freedom of speech in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_361'>361</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a></li> + <li>the King relies on its authority, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li>confirms the Lancastrian title to the crown, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a></li> + <li>the ancient customs of the House of Lords, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_360'>360</a></li> + <li>petition of the Commons 1532, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a></li> + <li>the Pilgrims appeal to its authority, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_360'>360</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li>places not represented in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a></li> + <li>proposed, after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_360'>360</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_375'>375</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>–24, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>–9, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>–3, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>–3, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>–8, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>–10, <a href='#Page_280'>280</a></li> + <li>social legislation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_12'>12</a></li> + <li>the Speaker, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_358'>358</a></li> + <li>modification of the Treason Act, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Parr, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–4, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Parry, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Paslew, John, Abbot of Whalley, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–5, <a href='#Page_147'>147</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pater, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Paul III, Pope (the Bishop of Rome) + <ul> + <li>his authority in England denied, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li>letters of censure on Henry VIII, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_241'>241</a>–2, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>–8, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li>and his English supporters, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>–40, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>–4; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a>, <a href='#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='#Page_330'>330</a>–1</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_399'>399</span>his relations with France, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_334'>334</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_281'>281</a></li> + <li>tries to reconcile Francis I and Charles V, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li>possible reconciliation with Henry VIII, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_278'>278</a></li> + <li>his Bull of Interdict against Henry VIII, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_334'>334</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_341'>341</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a>–9</li> + <li>and James V of Scotland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>–2, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a></li> + <li>at the meeting at Nice, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a>–9</li> + <li>and Cardinal Pole, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li>sermons against his usurped power. <i>See</i> Sermons, loyal</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a>, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Paul’s Cross, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Paul’s Wharf, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Paulet, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Paulet, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='#Page_309'>309</a>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pavia, the battle of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pawston (Fawston?), <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Payne, Hugh, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Peacock, Anthony, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>–1, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pecock, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pennell, Harry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Penrith, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>–3 + <ul> + <li>the Captains’ Mass, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>chapel, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li>Fell, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Percebay, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='#Page_273'>273</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, Agnes, wife of Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, Eleanor, wife of Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, Henry. <i>See</i> Percy, Sir Thomas, his children</li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, Sir Ingram, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_32'>32</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>–201, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>pg%pg%–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>–2, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>–5, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, Thomas. <i>See</i> Percy, Sir Thomas, his children</li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, Sir Thomas + <ul> + <li>his arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>–5, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a></li> + <li>and Robert Aske, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_284'>284</a>–5</li> + <li>his character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li>and Bigod’s insurrection, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>–1, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>–7, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li>captured by the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>–1; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_163'>163</a></li> + <li>his feud with the Carnabys, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a>–200; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a>–2</li> + <li>his children, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='#Page_273'>273</a>–4</li> + <li>his petition to Cromwell, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a></li> + <li>disinherited, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_284'>284</a></li> + <li>evidence against, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='#Page_202'>202</a>–3</li> + <li>his execution, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> + <li>and little John Heron, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>–2, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_400'>400</span>his imprisonment, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li>his alleged letter to Lincs., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a></li> + <li>and the monasteries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li>his quarrels with the Earl of Northumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_32'>32</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>–4</li> + <li>his conduct in Northumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>–2</li> + <li>his company of Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li>his popularity, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li>his connection with the Richmondshire rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li>and the Abbot of Sawley’s supplication, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>–6, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li>his trial, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li>his entry into York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Percy, William, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Perith, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Peter, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Peter, St, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Peterborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Petitions of the rebels. <i>See</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + <li class='c020'>Philips, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Philips, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Phillips, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Picardy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pickburn, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pickering, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pickering Lythe. <i>See</i> Lythe</li> + <li class='c020'>Pickering, Friar John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_378'>378</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>–2, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Pickering, John, priest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_163'>163</a>–4, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Piercebridge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pilgrimage of Grace + <ul> + <li>its political antecedents, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. i, pp. 1–13, 73–4, 341–2</li> + <li>badge of the Five Wounds. <i>See</i> Badge, the Five Wounds of Christ</li> + <li>the mission of Bowes and Ellerker. <i>See</i> Bowes, Robert, his mission to the King</li> + <li>its captain. <i>See</i> Aske, Robert</li> + <li>reports of, on the continent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>–40; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='#Page_280'>280</a></li> + <li>discipline, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_229'>229</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>–3</li> + <li>its dual character, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a>, chap. xxiv, pp. 329 <i>et seq.</i></li> + <li>the advance to the Don, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>–62</li> + <li>the first appointment at Doncaster. <i>See</i> Truce of Doncaster</li> + <li>the second appointment at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_373'>373</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_376'>376</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. xv, pp. 1–23, 24–5, 27, 31–4, 38–9, 42–3, 46, 52, 54–5, 73,</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_401'>401</span>79, 84, 95, 97–8, 111, 129, 141, 147, 158, 164, 166, 189, 223, 252 + <ul> + <li>its early stages. <i>See under</i> Yorkshire rebellion</li> + <li>executions, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a>–7, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>–1, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a></li> + <li>prospects of success or failure, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_381'>381</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a></li> + <li>causes of its failure, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a>–6, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>–333</li> + <li>finances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_209'>209</a></li> + <li>suspicion between gentlemen and commons, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_303'>303</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_341'>341</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_381'>381</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='#Page_31'>31</a>–3, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>–7, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li>lists of grievances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>–2</li> + <li>siege and surrender of Hull. <i>See</i> Hull</li> + <li>the Pilgrims’ attitude to the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='#Page_329'>329</a></li> + <li>and the King’s intrigues. <i>See</i> Henry VIII, his policy with the Pilgrims</li> + <li>the King’s replies to the Pilgrims’ Demands. <i>See</i> Henry VIII, his replies to the Pilgrims</li> + <li>its leaders, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_254'>254</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>pg%–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_373'>373</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a>, <a href='#Page_322'>322</a>, <a href='#Page_330'>330</a>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li>restoration of monasteries during. <i>See</i> Monasteries restored by the Pilgrims</li> + <li>proposed appeal to the Netherlands for help, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li>means of communication between the hosts, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a></li> + <li>negotiations with Norfolk. <i>See</i> Norfolk, the Duke of, sent to treat with the Pilgrims</li> + <li>settlement of the north after, <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. xxi, pp. 226–276</li> + <li>numbers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a>, <a href='#Page_332'>332</a></li> + <li>oath of the Pilgrims. <i>See</i> Oath, of the Pilgrimage of Grace</li> + <li>opinion in the ranks, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_268'>268</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>–20, <a href='#Page_22'>22</a></li> + <li>siege and surrender of Pontefract Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>–90, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a></li> + <li>the musters at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. x, pp. 227–40</li> + <li>Council at Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>, chap. xiv, pp. 341–88; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a>–30, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a></li> + <li>plundering by the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a>–8</li> + <li>rhymes in praise of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>–50; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>–70, <a href='#Page_212'>212</a>–3</li> + <li>the Pilgrims in touch with the royal army, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a>–6</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_402'>402</span>the Pilgrims demand safe-conducts. <i>See</i> Henry VIII, the question of safe-conducts</li> + <li>Scarborough Castle besieged, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a></li> + <li>the siege of Skipton Castle. <i>See</i> Cumberland, the Earl of, his defence of Skipton Castle</li> + <li>the alarm at Snaith, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>–1</li> + <li>spread of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>–1, chap. ix, pp. 192–226</li> + <li>sympathy with, in the south <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_329'>329</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_375'>375</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>–5, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a>–9, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a>–4, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a></li> + <li>council of captains at Templehurst, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>–11</li> + <li>trials, <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. xx, pp. 182–225</li> + <li>the Pilgrims’ determination during the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a></li> + <li>preparations during the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_309'>309</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>pg%–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a></li> + <li>the capture of Edward Waters’ ship, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_322'>322</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a></li> + <li>the advance to York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>pg%–2</li> + <li>the council at York, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>, chap. xiii, pp. 308–40, 342, 354; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Pinchinthorp, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pittington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Place, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pledges, the Border, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a>–9, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Plumland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Plummer, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Plumpton, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Plymouth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Poland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pole, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a>–8, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pole, Constance, wife of Sir Geoffrey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>–6, <a href='#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pole, Sir Geoffrey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a>–6, <a href='#Page_278'>278</a>–6, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a>–96, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a>–12, <a href='#Page_314'>314</a>–18, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Pole, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_306'>306</a>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>–5, <a href='#Page_328'>328</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pole, Reginald, Cardinal + <ul> + <li>approves of the ten articles of religion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a></li> + <li>attainted, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a></li> + <li>his book ‘De Unitate Ecclesiastica’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_278'>278</a>–9, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>–9, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li>his cardinalate, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a></li> + <li>and Charles V, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>–17</li> + <li>delay in his ordination, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a></li> + <li>leaves England, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a></li> + <li>communications with England, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a>–6, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a>–6, <a href='#Page_311'>311</a>–8</li> + <li>his proposed mission to England, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='#Page_282'>282</a>–3, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a></li> + <li>his family endangered by his conduct, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a>–8, <a href='#Page_288'>288</a>–9, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>–7</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_403'>403</span>plot to kidnap, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>–5, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a>–4, <a href='#Page_317'>317</a></li> + <li>papal legate, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a>–83, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a>–7, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a></li> + <li>his proposed marriage with Mary, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li>and Montague’s children, ii, 306, 323, 326–7</li> + <li>at the meeting at Nice, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_298'>298</a>–9, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li>and the rebellion in England, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>–7, <a href='#Page_330'>330</a></li> + <li>at Rome, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_277'>277</a>, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>–9</li> + <li>spies in his household, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a></li> + <li>at Venice, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_367'>367</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_278'>278</a>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a>, <a href='#Page_313'>313</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Pollard, A. F. ‘Henry VIII’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_334'>334</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pollard, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pommeraye, Gilles de la (Pomeroy), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pontefract Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_167'>167</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>–90, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>pg%–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>pg%pg%pg%–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>–3, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>–9, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>–90, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Pontefract, the council at, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. xiv, pp. 341–388. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Pilgrimage of Grace, the council at Pontefract</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Pontefract town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>–40, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>–70, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>–3, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>–7, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>–21, <a href='#Page_54'>54</a>–9, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a> + <ul> + <li>the parish church, All Hallows, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='#Page_300'>300</a></li> + <li>the market cross, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_229'>229</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li>representation in parliament, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Pontefract Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_378'>378</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a> + <ul> + <li>the Prior of. <i>See</i> Thwaites, James</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Pontefract, St Thomas’ Hill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pontefract, the honour of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pope, the + <ul> + <li>general reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_342'>342</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Clement VII <i>and</i> Paul III</li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Porman, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Porter, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Portington, Julian, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Portington, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Portugal, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a> + <ul> + <li>Don Luis of. <i>See</i> Luis</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Potter Hanworth, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Powell, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Powes (Powys), Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Praemunire, Statute of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_385'>385</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pratt, James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Preston in Lancs., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Preston in Holderness, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_64'>64</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_404'>404</span>Priestman, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Priestman, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Priestman, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Privileged Districts, act abolishing, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Proctor, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Proctor, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Proclamations + <ul> + <li>Rebel + <ul> + <li>Aske’s first, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_163'>163</a></li> + <li>Aske’s second, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li>summons to Beverley in Aske’s name, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li>issued by Bigod, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>–8</li> + <li>against Bigod’s rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>–4, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a></li> + <li>summons to Cleveland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li>in Cornwall, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li>the terms of the second appointment at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>–9</li> + <li>summons to Lancashire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li>in Lincs., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_125'>125</a></li> + <li>in London, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>–9</li> + <li>in Norfolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>–8</li> + <li>in Northumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li>prohibited, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li>rhyming, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li>for a rising in Richmondshire, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a></li> + <li>for a new rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>–80, <a href='#Page_93'>93</a>–4, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>–7, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a></li> + <li>against spoiling, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a></li> + <li>against unlawful assemblies, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li>in Westmorland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a>–4</li> + <li>in Worcester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>royal, mandates, orders + <ul> + <li>after the commons’ rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a></li> + <li>order concerning Holy Days, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Holidays</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>carried by Lancaster Herald to Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a></li> + <li>for the observance of Lent, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a>–8</li> + <li>sent to Lincoln, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a></li> + <li>the King’s reply to the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li>the pardon to the Lincs. rebels. <i>See</i> Lincs. rebellion, the pardon</li> + <li>concerning the price of meat, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_13'>13</a></li> + <li>a limited pardon proclaimed to the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a></li> + <li>affirming the general pardon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li>prepared for the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>–4</li> + <li>for preaching and bidding of beads, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a></li> + <li>against the Bishop of Rome, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li>Shrewsbury’s, sent into Yorkshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_228'>228</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_405'>405</span>order for declaring the Royal Supremacy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>–2</li> + <li>torn down, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li>against sturdy vagabonds, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_259'>259</a></li> + <li>to suspend the Statute of Woollen Cloths, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Prophecies, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_80'>80</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>–5, <a href='#Page_289'>289</a>–90, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Prowde, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Prudhoe Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Pullen (Pulleyn), Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Purgatory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Purveyance, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Py, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Quarrendon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Quinzine. <i>See</i> Fifteenth</li> + <li class='c020'>Quondam Prior of Guisborough. <i>See</i> Cockerell, James</li> + <li class='c020'>Quyntrell, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_181'>181</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Radwell, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Raffells, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ragland, Jerome, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='#Page_313'>313</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Raine, J. ‘Memorials of Hexham Priory’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_276'>276</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rasen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rasen Moor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rasen Wood, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rasshall, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Rastell, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ratcliff, Sir Cuthbert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ratcliff, Roger, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ratford, Thomas, parson of Snelland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_127'>127</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ravenspur, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ravenstonedale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rawcliff, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ray, Henry, Berwick pursuivant-at-arms, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>–50, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Raynes, Dr John, chancellor of the Bishop of Lincoln, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Reading, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Rede, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>–70</li> + <li class='c020'>Redman, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Reedsdale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>–33, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a>–9, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>–4, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a>–70 + <ul> + <li>keepers of. <i>See</i> Fenwick. George, <i>and</i> Heron, John, of Chipchase</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Reformation, the. <i>See</i> England, the Reformation in</li> + <li class='c020'>Retford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Reynton, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ribble, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ribblesdale, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rice, John ap, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Richard III, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_337'>337</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Richardin, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_406'>406</span>Richardson, Alexander, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Richardson, Cuthbert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Riche, Sir Richard, Chancellor of the Court of Augmentations, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Richmond, Surrey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Richmond, Yorks., <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>–6, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a> + <ul> + <li>the monastery of St Agatha, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–2</li> + <li>the Grey Friars, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li>Moor, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Richmond, Henry Fitzroy, Duke of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_273'>273</a>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Richmondshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rievaux Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ringstanhirst, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ripley, John, Abbot of Kirkstall, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ripon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>–1, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Risby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rising of the North, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rither, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Robin Hood’s Cross, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Robin, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Robson, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Robson, Archie, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Robson, Geoffrey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Robson, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Robson, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Robson, John, of Fawston, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Roche Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rochester, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rochester, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Fisher, John</li> + <li class='c020'>Rochester, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_137'>137</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Roddam, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rogers, William, mayor of Hull, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_161'>161</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>–4, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rogerson, Ralph, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='#Page_178'>178</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rokeby, Dr John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rokeby, Lady, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rokeby, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rokeby, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Romaldkirk, the priest of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rome, Church of. <i>See</i> Church of Rome</li> + <li class='c020'>Rome, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_341'>341</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_356'>356</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_383'>383</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a>–80, <a href='#Page_286'>286</a>–9, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rooper, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Roos, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rose, Mr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rosedale nunnery, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_162'>162</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ross, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rossington Bridge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Rothbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rotherham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rothwell, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rouen, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_407'>407</span>Rous, Anthony, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Royston, Herts., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>–5</li> + <li class='c020'>Rudston, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rudston, Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>–5, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a>–1, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>–4, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rumour + <ul> + <li>of Aske’s execution, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a></li> + <li>of the King’s death, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_297'>297</a></li> + <li>of the King’s Intentions after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>–6, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>–6, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>–6, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a></li> + <li>of the King’s strength, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_167'>167</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a></li> + <li>of new laws and taxes <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>–80, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='#Page_93'>93</a>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li>of murders committed by the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li>of Norfolk’s arrest, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a></li> + <li>of the Pilgrims’ strength, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_329'>329</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a></li> + <li>that Pole had become Pope, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li>of new risings, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + <li>of the defeat of the royal army, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_334'>334</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Ruskington, the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Russell, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_22'>22</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rutland, Thomas Manners, Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>–20; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='#Page_251'>251</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rycard, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rydale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ryder, Henry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rye, the curate of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rylston, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Rysse, Lady. <i>See</i> Howard, Katherine</li> + <li class='c020'>Ryther, Sir Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Ryton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>–1</li> + <li class='c003'>Sadler, Ralph, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_93'>93</a>–4, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>St Asaph, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Warton, Robert</li> + <li class='c020'>St Clare’s Bradfield (Senkler’s Bradfield), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a></li> + <li class='c020'>St David, diocese of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>St German, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>St John Ley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_196'>196</a></li> + <li class='c020'>St John, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li class='c020'>St Kerverne, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a>–1, <a href='#Page_181'>181</a></li> + <li class='c020'>St Lo, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a></li> + <li class='c020'>St Oswald’s, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a></li> + <li class='c020'>St Vincent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sais, Harry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Salisbury, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Salisbury, the diocese of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Salisbury, Margaret, Countess of <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a>–6, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a>–6, <a href='#Page_296'>296</a>–8, <a href='#Page_310'>310</a>–7, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Saltmarsh, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sampoul, Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_408'>408</span>Sampson, Richard, Bishop of Chichester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sanctuary, act restricting the right of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sandall Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sanderdale Hill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sanders, N. ‘De Origine ac Progressu Schismatis Anglicani’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sanderson, Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sanderson, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_147'>147</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sandes (Sandys), William, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sandforth Moor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sandon, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sandsend, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sandwich, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Saville, Sir Henry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_140'>140</a>, <a href='#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a>–8, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Saville, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sawcliff, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Sawl, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sawley Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_261'>261</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>–6, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>–2, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>–9, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–3, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sawley, the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>–6, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a>–5, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>–9, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–3, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a>–4, <a href='#Page_212'>212</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sawley, the Prior of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sawley, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Scarborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>–7, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>–2, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>–9, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>–2, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>–8, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a> + <ul> + <li>the bailiffs of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>–8</li> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_322'>322</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_67'>67</a>–70, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a></li> + <li>the Grey Friars’ House, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_70'>70</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Scarlet, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Scawby Hill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Scawsby Lease, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Scotherne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Scotland + <ul> + <li>Border officers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>–9, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li>the Chancellor of. <i>See</i> Gawan</li> + <li>Council of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>–7, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a></li> + <li>English spies in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li>alliance with France, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_340'>340</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a></li> + <li>dislike of Henry VIII in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a></li> + <li>James V’s return to, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_241'>241</a>–3, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>–7, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>–5</li> + <li>the King of. <i>See</i> James V</li> + <li>days of march, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>–2, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>–9</li> + <li>murder of an English herald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a></li> + <li>sympathy with the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_409'>409</span>a refuge for rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_65'>65</a>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='#Page_93'>93</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>–50, <a href='#Page_261'>261</a>–7</li> + <li>the Regents’ correspondence with Norfolk, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a>–7, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>–50</li> + <li>expected war with England, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_335'>335</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>–9, <a href='#Page_270'>270</a></li> + <li>previous wars with England, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_187'>187</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Scott, Sir Walter, quoted, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_272'>272</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Scriptures In English, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a>, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Scrivelsby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Scrooby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_228'>228</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Scrope, Henry, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sculcotes, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Seamer, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sedbarr, Adam, Abbot of Jervaux, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>–8, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>–4, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sedbergh, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sedgefield, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sedition + <ul> + <li>bills, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>–4, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>–7, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a></li> + <li>books, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li>plays, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + <li>rhymes, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_83'>83</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_236'>236</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>–70, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + <li>offers to the King of Scotland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a>–6</li> + <li>sermons. <i>See</i> Sermons, seditious</li> + <li>speeches, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>–72, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a>–9, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a>–7, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>–3, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a>–3</li> + <li>watch for, in the southern counties, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Selby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_291'>291</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Serls, —, vicar of St Peter’s in the East, Oxford, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sermons + <ul> + <li>heretical, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a>–7</li> + <li>loyal, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_100'>100</a>, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a>, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a></li> + <li>on Purgatory. <i>See</i> Purgatory</li> + <li>seditious, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>–5, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Servant, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Seton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Settle Spring, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Settrington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_410'>410</span>Seyman, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Seymour, Jane, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_330'>330</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>–9, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shaftoe, Cuthbert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shakespeare, W. ‘Henry IV’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_85'>85</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shaxton, Nicholas, Bishop of Salisbury, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_167'>167</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sheffield Park, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shepcotes Heath, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sherburn, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sheriff of Lincolnshire. <i>See</i> Dymmoke, Sir Edward</li> + <li class='c020'>Sheriff of Yorkshire. <i>See</i> Hastings, Sir Brian</li> + <li class='c020'>Sheriffhutton Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>–5, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sherwood, Dr, Chancellor of Beverley minster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Shetland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_256'>256</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shewlton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shipton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shirburn, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shrewsbury, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Shrewsbury, George Talbot, Earl of, correspondence with Cromwell. <i>See</i> Cromwell, Thomas, correspondence with the Earl of Shrewsbury + <ul> + <li>and Lord Darcy. <i>See</i> Darcy, Thomas, Lord, and the Earl of Shrewsbury</li> + <li>and Sir George Darcy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>–8</li> + <li>his daughters, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_32'>32</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li>his advance to the Don, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>–51, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_257'>257</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_268'>268</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_5'>5</a></li> + <li>and the first appointment at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li>at the second conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a></li> + <li>finances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a></li> + <li>and Lord Hussey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>–1</li> + <li>and the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_242'>242</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a></li> + <li>and the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_228'>228</a></li> + <li>his musters, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>–4</li> + <li>his joint commission with Norfolk. <i>See</i> Norfolk, the Duke of, his joint commission with Shrewsbury</li> + <li>in command against the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a></li> + <li>correspondence with the other commanders, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>–50, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_298'>298</a></li> + <li>his preparations during the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>–20</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_187'>187</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_258'>258</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_329'>329</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>–3, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Shropshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_411'>411</span>Shuttleworth, George, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>–5, <a href='#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Siena, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Siggiswick, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Silvester (Sylvester), Robert, Prior of Guisborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>–7, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Simondburn Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Simpson, Percy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Simpson, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Skerne, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Skipton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a> + <ul> + <li>the vicar of. <i>See</i> Blackborne, William</li> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_54'>54</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>–12, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>pg%–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Skipwith Moor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Skipwith, Mr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Skipwith, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_125'>125</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sleaford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Smithfield, London, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Smythely, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Smythely, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Snaith, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_284'>284</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Snaith, the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_64'>64</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Snape, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_273'>273</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Snelland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a> + <ul> + <li>the vicar of. <i>See</i> Ratford, Thomas</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Snow, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Somerset county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Somerset Herald. <i>See</i> Treheyron, Thomas</li> + <li class='c020'>Sotby, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Soulay, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Southampton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Southampton, the Earl of. <i>See</i> Fitzwilliam, Sir William</li> + <li class='c020'>Southbye, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>South Cave, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Southwell, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Southwell, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Southwell, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='#Page_273'>273</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sowerby, the vicar of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sowle, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Spain, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Spalding, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_111'>111</a>–2 + <ul> + <li>the Prior of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>‘Spanish Chronicle’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_240'>240</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>–7, <a href='#Page_54'>54</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Speed, John, ‘History of Great Britain’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_387'>387</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Speke, Sir George, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_324'>324</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Spencer, Bishop, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Spencer, Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Spennymore, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Spittel, the Wold beyond, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Spittels, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stafford, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stafford, Henry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stafford, Henry, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stafford, Sir Humphry, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stafford, Ursula, wife of Lord Stafford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_412'>412</span>Stafford county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Staindrop, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Staines, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stainton, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Stamford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_149'>149</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Standish, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_316'>316</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Stanger, Leonard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stanley, family of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stanley, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stanley, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_214'>214</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Stanley, Sir William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stanton, Lacy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stapleton, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stapleton, Sir Brian, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_158'>158</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stapleton, Brian, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stapleton, Christopher, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a> + <ul> + <li>his wife, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Stapleton, Philip, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_333'>333</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stapleton, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>–63, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_167'>167</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_255'>255</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_284'>284</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stappill, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Star Chamber, Court of + <ul> + <li>Order for the government of Beverley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a></li> + <li>Sir William Bulmer before, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a></li> + <li>Cases + <ul> + <li>Beckwith <i>v.</i> Aclom, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li>Leonard Constable <i>v.</i> Sir Oswald Wolsthrope, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>–9</li> + <li>concerning the Earl of Cumberland’s servants, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li>relating to enclosures, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li>Hans Ganth <i>v.</i> the Abbot of Whitby <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_42'>42</a></li> + <li>Holdsworth <i>v.</i> Lacy, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_258'>258</a></li> + <li>Thomas Moigne <i>v.</i> George Bowgham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_90'>90</a></li> + <li>the burgesses of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a></li> + <li>John Norton <i>v.</i> the Earl of Cumberland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_52'>52</a></li> + <li>Sir William Percy <i>v.</i> Sir Robert Constable, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li>John Proctor <i>v.</i> Thomas Blackborne and others, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li>between Tempest and Saville, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li>the Abbot of Whitby <i>v.</i> the town, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>–2</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>fines recalcitrant juries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_60'>60</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Starkey, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_338'>338</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Staunton, Gloucestershire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Staveley, Ninian, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Staynhus, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>–64, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>–1, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Steward, the Lord. <i>See</i> Shrewsbury, George Talbot, Earl of</li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_413'>413</span>Stewart, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_22'>22</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stewart, William, Bishop of Aberdeen, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='#Page_247'>247</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stillingfleet, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stilton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stockwith, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stoke-on Trent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stoke, Somerset, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stoke Nayland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stokesley, John, Bishop of London, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stokton, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stonar, Francis, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stone Fair, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stonor, Sir Walter, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stony Stratford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stonys (Staines), Brian, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Story, Edward, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_246'>246</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stow, John, ‘Chronicle’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_143'>143</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stowe, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stowping Sise, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Strangways, Sir James, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Strangways, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>–9, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>–4, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Streatlam, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Strebilhill, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Strebilhill, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Strickland, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Strickland, Walter, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Strype, J., ‘Ecclesiastical Memorials’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Stuard, —, bailiff of Beverley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sturley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sturley, Sir Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sturton <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Subsidy, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>pg%pg%–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a>–5, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Succession, the three Acts of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>–6 + <ul> + <li>the second Act of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li>the third Act of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_361'>361</a>–3</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Suffolk county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>–5, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a>–4, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Suffolk, Charles Brandon, Duke of + <ul> + <li>his council, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a></li> + <li>and the second conference at Doncaster, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>–8, <a href='#Page_11'>11</a></li> + <li>correspondence with the King, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_320'>320</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_323'>323</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>–8, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>–9, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a></li> + <li>at Lincoln, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_165'>165</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–50, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a></li> + <li>commander against the Lincs. rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>pg%–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a></li> + <li>his correspondence with the other commanders, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_246'>246</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_301'>301</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a></li> + <li>and the Lincs. gentlemen, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_127'>127</a>–30, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>–9</li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_414'>414</span>his second mission to Lincs., <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a></li> + <li>returns to London, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a></li> + <li>and the Duke of Norfolk. <i>See</i> Norfolk, the Duke of, and Suffolk</li> + <li>communications with the Pilgrims, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>–6</li> + <li>his position during the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_286'>286</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_301'>301</a>pg%</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>–50, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>–6, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Suffolk, Duchess of. <i>See</i> Tudor, Mary</li> + <li class='c020'>Sulyard, Mr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Suppression of the Smaller Monasteries + <ul> + <li>act for, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_374'>374</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>–6, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li>begun, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li>commissioners for, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_95'>95</a>,133, 204, 206, 377, 387; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li>the commissioners resisted, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_316'>316</a></li> + <li>expenditure of the spoils. <i>See</i> Monasteries, grants of</li> + <li>a motive for rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_189'>189</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%–51, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_379'>379</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_85'>85</a>, <a href='#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a>, <a href='#Page_312'>312</a>. <i>See also</i> Demands of the rebels</li> + <li>continued after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>–100, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>–2, <a href='#Page_124'>124</a>–5, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>–9, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>–5</li> + <li>by Wolsey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_339'>339</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='#Page_68'>68</a>, <a href='#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>. <i>See also</i> Monasteries</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Supremacy, Act of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_7'>7</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_347'>347</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>–5, <a href='#Page_295'>295</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Henry VIII, Supreme Head of the Church of England</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Surrey county, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_320'>320</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Surrey, Henry Howard, Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_242'>242</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_244'>244</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_265'>265</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_64'>64</a>, <a href='#Page_186'>186</a>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Sussex county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sussex, Robert Ratcliff, Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_276'>276</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>–8, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sussex, the Countess of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sutton, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sutton, Robert, mayor of Lincoln, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>–101, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_196'>196</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sutton-upon-Derwent, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a> + <ul> + <li>the rector of. <i>See</i> Palmes, Dr George</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Swaledale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Swalowfield, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_123'>123</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Swan, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Swanland, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_162'>162</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Swayne, Michael, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Swensune, Ralph, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Sweton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_155'>155</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_415'>415</span>Swinburne, Dr, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Swinburne, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Swinhoe, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Swinnerton, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_67'>67</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Tadcaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tailboys, Elizabeth Blount, Lady, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_107'>107</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tailboys, Gilbert, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Talbot, Francis, Lord, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_253'>253</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Talbot, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_147'>147</a>, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Talentire, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tantallon Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Taunton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_172'>172</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tavistock, the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Taxation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_2'>2</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_352'>352</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_371'>371</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Taylor, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_93'>93</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Taylor, Lawrence, a harper, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='#Page_308'>308</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tees, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Tempest, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='#Page_257'>257</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tempest, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tempest, Nicholas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a>–5, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a>–2, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tempest, Sir Richard, of the Dale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tempest, Sir Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>, <a href='#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tempest, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_357'>357</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_368'>368</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_373'>373</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Templehurst, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_188'>188</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_290'>290</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_308'>308</a>–12, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>–50, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tenande, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_43'>43</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tenant, Mr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tenant, Richard, of Holderness, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tenant right, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tenth, the lay, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_11'>11</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tenths, ecclesiastical, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_187'>187</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_351'>351</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a>–5; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='#Page_49'>49</a>, <a href='#Page_51'>51</a>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Terouanne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Teshe, Tristram, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tewkesbury, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thame, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thames, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_292'>292</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Theobald, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thetford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thicket Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_51'>51</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thimbleby, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_136'>136</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thimbleby, young, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_128'>128</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thingden, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thirleby, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thirsk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thirsk, William, quondam Abbot of Fountains, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thomas a Becket, St, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_416'>416</span>Thomas the Rhymer, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thomas, William, ‘The Pilgrim’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thomlynson, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thompson, Robert, vicar of Borough-under-Stainmoor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thomson, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thoresway, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_98'>98</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thorley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thornbury, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_139'>139</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thorndon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thorne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_296'>296</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thorneton, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Throgmorton, Sir George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>–9; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_279'>279</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Throgmorton, Michael, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_16'>16</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_278'>278</a>–80, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a>–5, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>–8, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thwaites, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Thwaites, James, Prior of Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Thwaites, William, vicar of Londesborough, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_62'>62</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Thwing (Thweng), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tibbey, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>–3, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tickhill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a> + <ul> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Tithes, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Todde, William, Prior of Malton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tonge, T. ‘Visitation of Yorkshire’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Toone, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Topcliff, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Topcliffe, John. <i>See</i> Hexham, John, Abbot of Whitby</li> + <li class='c020'>Tortington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tournelles, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Towcester, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tower of London + <ul> + <li>as an arsenal, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li>the Beauchamp Tower, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li>the lieutenant of the. <i>See</i> Walsingham, Sir Edmund</li> + <li>as a prison, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_26'>26</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_191'>191</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_324'>324</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_329'>329</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_360'>360</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_366'>366</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_25'>25</a>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='#Page_125'>125</a>, <a href='#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a>–4, <a href='#Page_159'>159</a>–3, <a href='#Page_185'>185</a>–7, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>–200, <a href='#Page_202'>202</a>–8, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a>–6, <a href='#Page_219'>219</a>–20, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>–10, <a href='#Page_312'>312</a>–21, <a href='#Page_323'>323</a>–6</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Tower Hill, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a>, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Towghtwodde, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Towneley, Bernard, Chancellor of the diocese of Carlisle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a>–4; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_121'>121</a>–2, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Townley, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Townley, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Townley, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Towse Athyenges Heath, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Towton, battle of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tranby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Treason. <i>See</i> Sedition</li> + <li class='c020'>Treason, Act of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_10'>10</a>–11, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_263'>263</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>,</li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_417'>417</span>365–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a>, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>–3, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a>–13, <a href='#Page_321'>321</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Treasury, the, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_195'>195</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Treglosacke, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_171'>171</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tregonwell, Dr John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Treheyron, Thomas, Somerset Herald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>–306; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='#Page_190'>190</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Trent, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_268'>268</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_319'>319</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_368'>368</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_375'>375</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a>, <a href='#Page_5'>5</a>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tristram, William, chantry priest of Lartington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Trotter, Philip, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_125'>125</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Trowen, Sir Charles, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_287'>287</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Truce of Doncaster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_211'>211</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>–20, chap. xi, pp. 241–72, chap. xii, pp. 273–306, 317, 327, 330, 340, 342; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_1'>1</a>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_21'>21</a>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tudor, Mary, sister of Henry VIII, Duchess of Suffolk, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_210'>210</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tunstall, Cuthbert, Bishop of Durham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_203'>203</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a>, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a>, <a href='#Page_260'>260</a>, <a href='#Page_265'>265</a>, <a href='#Page_267'>267</a>–8, <a href='#Page_270'>270</a>–5, <a href='#Page_305'>305</a>–1</li> + <li class='c020'>Tunstall, Sir Marmaduke, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Turkey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_380'>380</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_287'>287</a>, <a href='#Page_299'>299</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Turner, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_329'>329</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tuxford, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_269'>269</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tweed, the river, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tyburn, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='#Page_214'>214</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tyndale, Gervase, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>–6; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='#Page_303'>303</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Tyndale, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_353'>353</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>–4, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tyndale Wood, Suffolk, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tyne, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_274'>274</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tynedale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a> + <ul> + <li>North, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_35'>35</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='#Page_122'>122</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a>–35, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a>–8, <a href='#Page_248'>248</a>–4, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a>–70, <a href='#Page_274'>274</a>–5</li> + <li>North, keepers of. <i>See</i> Fenwick, Roger, Carnaby, Sir Reynold, <i>and</i> Heron, John of Chipchase</li> + <li>South, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_235'>235</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Tynemouth Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a>, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tyrwhit, Sir Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_97'>97</a>–100, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_126'>126</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_165'>165</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_148'>148</a>, <a href='#Page_154'>154</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tyrwhit, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_109'>109</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_116'>116</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Tyrwhit, Sir William, sheriff of Lincs., 1537 <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Unlawful Games, act forbidding, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Uses, Statute of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_102'>102</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_124'>124</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_137'>137</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_139'>139</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_266'>266</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_362'>362</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_368'>368</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='#Page_319'>319</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Usselby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Uty, Philip, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Uvedale, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Vachell, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Valor Ecclesiasticus, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Vaughan, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_283'>283</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Vavasour, Sir Peter, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_4'>4</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Venice, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_418'>418</span>Vernon, Roger, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_169'>169</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Vienna, the Council of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_384'>384</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Villiers, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_264'>264</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Visitation of the Monasteries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Wade, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Waflin, William, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Waid, Robert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wakefield, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_172'>172</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_295'>295</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_306'>306</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_321'>321</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Walbourne Hope, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Waldby (Walby) Marmaduke, prebendary of Carlisle and vicar of Kirk Deighton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_23'>23</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_310'>310</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>–3; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_90'>90</a>–1, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Waldeby, Philip, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>–8</li> + <li class='c020'>Waldron, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_69'>69</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wales, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_215'>215</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a>, <a href='#Page_284'>284</a>, <a href='#Page_290'>290</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Walker, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Walkington, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wall, Robert, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wallace, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_313'>313</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wallop, Sir John, ambassador in France, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_333'>333</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Walsingham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='#Page_176'>176</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Walsingham Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_175'>175</a>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a> + <ul> + <li>the sub-Prior of. <i>See</i> Mileham, Nicholas</li> + <li>the shrine of Our Lady, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_174'>174</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Walsingham, Sir Edmund, lieutenant of the Tower, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='#Page_307'>307</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Warblington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_332'>332</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_296'>296</a>, <a href='#Page_302'>302</a>–4, <a href='#Page_315'>315</a>–8 + <ul> + <li>the rector of. <i>See</i> Heliar, John</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Wardens of the Marches + <ul> + <li>English. <i>See</i> Borders, officers</li> + <li>Scottish. <i>See</i> Scotland, Border officers</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Ware, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_119'>119</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_32'>32</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wark, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Warrington, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>–2</li> + <li class='c020'>Wars of the Roses, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_55'>55</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Warter Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Warton, Robert, Bishop of St Asaph, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Warwick, Richard Neville, Earl of, the Kingmaker, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_15'>15</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Water, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Waters, Edward, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_317'>317</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_9'>9</a>, <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>, <a href='#Page_57'>57</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Watton Priory, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>–63, <a href='#Page_66'>66</a> + <ul> + <li>the confessor of the nuns, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a></li> + <li>the Prior of. <i>See</i> Holgate, Robert</li> + <li>the sub-Prior of. <i>See</i> Gill, Harry</li> + <li>the cellerar of. <i>See</i> Lather, Thomas</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Watton village, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_280'>280</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a>–61, <a href='#Page_63'>63</a> + <ul> + <li>parish church, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>–8</li> + <li>the curate of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_343'>343</a></li> + <li>the vicar of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Watton Carre, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Watts, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a>–64, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Waverton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_419'>419</span>Wednesborough, the parson of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Weeley, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Welbeck, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>–60; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_10'>10</a>, <a href='#Page_23'>23</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wells, Morgan, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_294'>294</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wensleydale, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_143'>143</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>–10, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Went, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wentbridge (Ferrybridge), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_251'>251</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_256'>256</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wentworth, —, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_132'>132</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wentworth, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_186'>186</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wentworth, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a>–4</li> + <li class='c020'>Wentworth, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_297'>297</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_199'>199</a></li> + <li class='c020'>West Malling, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Westminster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_36'>36</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_303'>303</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>–60</li> + <li class='c020'>Westminster Abbey, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Westminster Hall, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Westmorland, the barony of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_371'>371</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Westmorland county + <ul> + <li>boundaries, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a></li> + <li>attitude of the clergy to the rebels, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_354'>354</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li>the commons’ rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_105'>105</a>–6, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>–24, <a href='#Page_128'>128</a></li> + <li>the first rising there, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_331'>331</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_370'>370</a></li> + <li>disturbances there after the first rising, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_111'>111</a>–2</li> + <li>the rebels’ grievances, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_217'>217</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_369'>369</a>–72; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>–3, <a href='#Page_119'>119</a>–21</li> + <li>loyalists in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a></li> + <li>pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a></li> + <li>the sheriff of. <i>See</i> Cumberland, the Earl of</li> + <li>the truce proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_279'>279</a></li> + <li>escapes taxation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_372'>372</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_218'>218</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_304'>304</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_305'>305</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_318'>318</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Westmorland, Charles Neville, sixth Earl of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_53'>53</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Westmorland, Katherine Neville, Countess of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Westmorland, Ralph Neville, fourth Earl of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_29'>29</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_38'>38</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_185'>185</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_312'>312</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>–80, <a href='#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Westwood, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wetherall Priory, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wetherby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Whalley Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_219'>219</a>–20; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='#Page_144'>144</a>–8 + <ul> + <li>the Abbot of. <i>See</i> Paslew, John</li> + <li>the Prior of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='#Page_189'>189</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Whalley village, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_142'>142</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Whalworth, James, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_137'>137</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wharfe, the river, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wharton, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wharton, Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wharton, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_220'>220</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_292'>292</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>, <a href='#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a>–40, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a>–4, <a href='#Page_268'>268</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Whelpdale <i>alias</i> Whelton, Gilbert, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_221'>221</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_420'>420</span>Whenby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Whitaker, T. D. ‘History of Craven’, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_143'>143</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Whitburn, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a>, <a href='#Page_255'>255</a>–6</li> + <li class='c020'>Whitburn, the priest of. <i>See</i> Hodge, Robert</li> + <li class='c020'>Whitby, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Whitby Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_41'>41</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_233'>233</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_350'>350</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a> + <ul> + <li>the Abbot of. <i>See</i> Hexham, John</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>White Rose Party, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_14'>14</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_17'>17</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_22'>22</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_28'>28</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. xxii, pp. 277–96, 302, 311, 318, 321, 323</li> + <li class='c020'>Whitgift, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Whorwood, William, solicitor-general, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_212'>212</a>–3</li> + <li class='c020'>Wickham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wicliff (Wycliff), William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>–60; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_131'>131</a>, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Widdrington, Sir John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_285'>285</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, <a href='#Page_229'>229</a>, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a>–9, <a href='#Page_263'>263</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wighill, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_270'>270</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wighton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>–9</li> + <li class='c020'>Wigmore, the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilfred, St, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilkins, D. ‘Concilia’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilkinson, Hugh, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_173'>173</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilkinson, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilkinson, Lancelot, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilkinson, Richard, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Willen, George, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>William, servant to Anthony Curtis, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Williams, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_123'>123</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Williamson, Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_96'>96</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Willoughby, family of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_89'>89</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Willoughby, —, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_327'>327</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Willoughby, Lady, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Willoughby, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_206'>206</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilson, Mr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_285'>285</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilson, Dr, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_288'>288</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilson, John (Jockey Unsained), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_92'>92</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilson Richard, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>–2, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wilton, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_95'>95</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wiltshire, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wiltshire, Thomas Boleyn, Earl of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wimbourne, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Winchester, Bishop of. <i>See</i> Gardiner, Stephen</li> + <li class='c020'>Windermere, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Windsor, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_86'>86</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_118'>118</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>–4, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_274'>274</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_278'>278</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_289'>289</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_291'>291</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a>, <a href='#Page_184'>184</a>, <a href='#Page_291'>291</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Windsor, Lord, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_193'>193</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Winestead, the priest of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wingfield, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_282'>282</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_311'>311</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wingfield, Sir Anthony, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_122'>122</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wistow, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Witchcraft, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_82'>82</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_297'>297</a>, <a href='#Page_301'>301</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Witnesham, the parson of. <i>See</i> Jackson, Richard</li> + <li class='c020'>Witton, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Witton Fell, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_202'>202</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Woburn, the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a></li> + <li class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_421'>421</span>Wold, the, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_314'>314</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wolsey, Thomas, Cardinal <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_19'>19</a>–20, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_31'>31</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_307'>307</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='#Page_293'>293</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wolsey, Thomas, a servant, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_102'>102</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wolsthrope, Sir Oswald, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_58'>58</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_174'>174</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_181'>181</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_238'>238</a>pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_83'>83</a>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='#Page_127'>127</a>, <a href='#Page_200'>200</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wood, Elizabeth, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_177'>177</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wood, William, Prior of Bridlington, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_232'>232</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_69'>69</a>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_211'>211</a>–3, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Woodhouse, the Prior of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Woodmansey (Woodmancy), William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>–3, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='#Page_266'>266</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Woodward, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_165'>165</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Woollen Clothes, Act of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_120'>120</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Woolpit, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_241'>241</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Worcester, city, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_326'>326</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Worcester, county, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_12'>12</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_70'>70</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_113'>113</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Worcester, the diocese of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_166'>166</a>–7</li> + <li class='c020'>Worcester, the Bishop of. <i>See</i> Latimer, Hugh</li> + <li class='c020'>Wothersome, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_345'>345</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wotton, Shropshire, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_170'>170</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wotton-under-Edge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_66'>66</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wressell Castle, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_184'>184</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_198'>198</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a>pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='#Page_251'>251</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wright, <i>alias</i> West, Anthony, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_62'>62</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wright, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wright, Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wriothesley, Charles, ‘Chronicle’, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>–8; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_215'>215</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wriothesley, Thomas, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_140'>140</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_22'>22</a>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wyatt, Sir Thomas, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wyclif, John, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_346'>346</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wycliff, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='#Page_180'>180</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wycliffe, the rector of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_377'>377</a>–8. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Rokeby, Dr John</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Wyfflingham, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_90'>90</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a> + <ul> + <li>the bailiff of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_100'>100</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Wynd Oak, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_159'>159</a>–60</li> + <li class='c020'>Wyndessor, George, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_150'>150</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wyre, William, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_328'>328</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Wyvell, John, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='#Page_77'>77</a>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Yarborough Hundred, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_106'>106</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Yarm, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Yarmouth, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Yarrow, Henry, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Yeddingham Bridge, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Yersley Moor, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Yoell, Thomas, parish priest of Sotby, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_152'>152</a></li> + <li class='c020'>York, the Archbishop of. <i>See</i> Lee, Edward + <ul> + <li>general reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_348'>348</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>York, the Ainstey of. <i>See</i> Ainstey of York</li> + <li class='c020'>York city + <ul> + <li>monastery of St Andrew, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_58'>58</a></li> + <li>the Archbishop’s prison, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_422'>422</span>assizes, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_56'>56</a>–7, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_73'>73</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>–11, <a href='#Page_120'>120</a>–3, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>–7, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a></li> + <li>Botham Bar, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a></li> + <li>Castle, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a></li> + <li>the Clifford Tower, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> + <li>proposed coronation and convocation in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='#Page_48'>48</a>–9, <a href='#Page_72'>72</a>–3</li> + <li>the Council at, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. xiii, pp. 308–340. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Pilgrimage of Grace, the Council at York</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>the Council of the North at, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_272'>272</a>–3</li> + <li>the dean and chapter of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_41'>41</a>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a></li> + <li>disaffection there, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_144'>144</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_169'>169</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_175'>175</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_40'>40</a></li> + <li>executions at, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_267'>267</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_110'>110</a>–1, <a href='#Page_114'>114</a>–1</li> + <li>the Priory of the Holy Trinity, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_38'>38</a></li> + <li>market, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>–3</li> + <li>St Mary’s Abbey, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li>—— the Abbot of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>–2; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_39'>39</a></li> + <li>the Lord Mayor of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Harrington, William</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>minster, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_237'>237</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_355'>355</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_382'>382</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a></li> + <li>Minstergate, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a></li> + <li>the mint, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_288'>288</a></li> + <li>restoration of the monasteries there, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_179'>179</a></li> + <li>the Duke of Norfolk in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_80'>80</a>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='#Page_101'>101</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>–10, <a href='#Page_113'>113</a>–7, <a href='#Page_129'>129</a>–2, <a href='#Page_136'>136</a>–7, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a></li> + <li>Observant Friars of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_57'>57</a></li> + <li>pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a></li> + <li>proposed parliament in. <i>See</i> Parliament, proposed, after the rebellion</li> + <li>its parliamentary members, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a></li> + <li>the Pilgrims advance upon, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_154'>154</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_156'>156</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_173'>173</a>–5</li> + <li>the Pilgrims in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_163'>163</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_178'>178</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_180'>180</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_183'>183</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_205'>205</a>–6, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_209'>209</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_231'>231</a>–2, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>pg%</li> + <li>represented at the Council of Pontefract, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_344'>344</a></li> + <li>printing-press, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a></li> + <li>prison, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li>prisoners, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_81'>81</a>, <a href='#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='#Page_102'>102</a></li> + <li>the sheriff of, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a>. + <ul> + <li><i>See also</i> Lawson, Sir George</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>White Friars, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_146'>146</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_182'>182</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_190'>190</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_193'>193</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_206'>206</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_212'>212</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_234'>234</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a>–5, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_299'>299</a>pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%pg%; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_3'>3</a>, <a href='#Page_8'>8</a>, <a href='#Page_34'>34</a>, <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>, <a href='#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='#Page_60'>60</a>, <a href='#Page_74'>74</a>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_93'>93</a>, <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_112'>112</a>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_135'>135</a>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a>, <a href='#Page_271'>271</a>, <a href='#Page_275'>275</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>York, the vicar-general of the diocese of. <i>See</i> Dakyn, John</li> + <li class='c020'>Yorkshire + <ul> + <li>the Dales of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_79'>79</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a></li> + <li>news of the Lincs. rebellion in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_99'>99</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_104'>104</a></li> + <li><span class='pageno' id='Page_423'>423</span>proposal to refound monasteries in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_26'>26</a></li> + <li>the King’s oath in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a></li> + <li>representation of, in parliament, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_359'>359</a>–60, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_388'>388</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_15'>15</a></li> + <li>unrest in, after the rebellion, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>–5</li> + <li>sedition in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_24'>24</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_44'>44</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_72'>72</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_78'>78</a>–9, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_121'>121</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_207'>207</a></li> + <li>the sheriff of, in 1536. <i>See</i> Hastings, Sir Brian</li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_40'>40</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_47'>47</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_50'>50</a>–1, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_59'>59</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_87'>87</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_91'>91</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_110'>110</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_281'>281</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_294'>294</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_300'>300</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_325'>325</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_349'>349</a>–50, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_364'>364</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_6'>6</a>, <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>–7, <a href='#Page_52'>52</a>–5, <a href='#Page_89'>89</a>–3, <a href='#Page_106'>106</a>–6, <a href='#Page_151'>151</a>–4, <a href='#Page_234'>234</a>–3</li> + <li>East Riding + <ul> + <li>outbreak of the rebellion there, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. vii, pp. 141–167</li> + <li>the pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_27'>27</a>, <a href='#Page_31'>31</a></li> + <li>unrest there after the pardon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>–50, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a></li> + <li>rebel forces from, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_168'>168</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li>watch kept during the truce, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_48'>48</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_293'>293</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>, <a href='#Page_75'>75</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a>, <a href='#Page_205'>205</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>North Riding + <ul> + <li>character of the rising in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>–9</li> + <li>outbreak of the rebellion in, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_171'>171</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_208'>208</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_230'>230</a>–1</li> + <li>pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a></li> + <li>unrest there after the pardon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_50'>50</a>–1, <a href='#Page_61'>61</a>–80, <a href='#Page_94'>94</a>–8, <a href='#Page_158'>158</a></li> + <li>rebel forces from, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_283'>283</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_37'>37</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_150'>150</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>West Riding + <ul> + <li>outbreak of the rebellion, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_170'>170</a>–1</li> + <li>pardon proclaimed in, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_28'>28</a></li> + <li>unrest there after the pardon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_76'>76</a>, <a href='#Page_78'>78</a></li> + <li>rebel forces from, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_239'>239</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_262'>262</a></li> + <li>reference, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_18'>18</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_99'>99</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Yorkshire Rebellion + <ul> + <li>the signal of the bells, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_142'>142</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_148'>148</a></li> + <li>communications with Lincs. <i>See</i> Lincs. Rebellion, connection with Yorks.</li> + <li>musters, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_149'>149</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_151'>151</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_153'>153</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_155'>155</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li>outbreak, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_129'>129</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_132'>132</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_145'>145</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_195'>195</a></li> + <li>called the Pilgrimage of Grace, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a></li> + <li><i>for subsequent references see under</i> Pilgrimage of Grace</li> + <li>the rising at Wakefield and Halifax, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_115'>115</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_235'>235</a>–7; <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_218'>218</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class='c020'>Yorkswold, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_105'>105</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_152'>152</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_157'>157</a>–8, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_160'>160</a></li> + <li class='c003'>Zealand, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_336'>336</a></li> + <li class='c020'>Zion, the fathers of, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_68'>68</a></li> +</ul> + +<div class='nf-center-c1'> +<div class='nf-center c019'> + <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_424'>424</span><span class='small'><span class='blackletter'>Cambridge</span>:</span></div> + <div><span class='small'>PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A.</span></div> + <div><span class='small'>AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS</span></div> + </div> +</div> + +<hr class='c021'> +<div class='footnote' id='f1'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1'>1</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 957; printed in full, Speed, op. cit. bk. <span class='fss'>IX</span>, ch. 21.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f2'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r2'>2</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 780 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f3'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r3'>3</a>.  </span>Ibid. 957.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f4'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r4'>4</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1065.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f5'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r5'>5</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1064.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f6'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r6'>6</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1064.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f7'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r7'>7</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1174.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f8'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r8'>8</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1103.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f9'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r9'>9</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1079.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f10'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r10'>10</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1103.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f11'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r11'>11</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1079.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f12'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r12'>12</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1103.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f13'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r13'>13</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6, printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 340.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f14'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r14'>14</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1196.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f15'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r15'>15</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f16'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r16'>16</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1242.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f17'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r17'>17</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1237, printed in full, Hardwicke, Miscellaneous State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f18'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r18'>18</a>.  </span>See note <a href='#A'>A</a> at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f19'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r19'>19</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1241.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f20'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r20'>20</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1226; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_518'>518</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f21'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r21'>21</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 864; see above.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f22'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r22'>22</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1226; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_518'>518</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f23'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r23'>23</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1207, 1208.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f24'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r24'>24</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1228; printed in full, Hardwicke, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f25'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r25'>25</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1225; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_519'>519</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f26'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r26'>26</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1237; printed in full, Hardwicke, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f27'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r27'>27</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1236; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_521'>521</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f28'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r28'>28</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1237; printed in full, Hardwicke, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f29'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r29'>29</a>.  </span>See note <a href='#B'>B</a> at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f30'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r30'>30</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1227; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_511'>511</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f31'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r31'>31</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1205, 1206.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f32'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r32'>32</a>.  </span>See note <a href='#C'>C</a> at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f33'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r33'>33</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1227; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_511'>511</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f34'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r34'>34</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1236; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_521'>521</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f35'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r35'>35</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1236.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f36'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r36'>36</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1235; cf. 1197.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f37'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r37'>37</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1237; printed in full, Hardwicke, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f38'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r38'>38</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f39'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r39'>39</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1237.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f40'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r40'>40</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f41'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r41'>41</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1237.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f42'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r42'>42</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1221.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f43'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r43'>43</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1237; printed in full, Hardwicke, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_30'>30</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f44'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r44'>44</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1234.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f45'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r45'>45</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1233.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f46'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r46'>46</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1234.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f47'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r47'>47</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6; printed Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 340.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f48'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r48'>48</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1243.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f49'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r49'>49</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1241, 1242.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f50'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r50'>50</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1246; printed in full, Speed, op. cit. (3rd ed.), bk. <span class='fss'>IX</span>, ch. 21.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f51'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r51'>51</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1239, 1240.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f52'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r52'>52</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1241.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f53'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r53'>53</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1228; printed in full, Papers of the Earl of Hardwicke, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_27'>27</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f54'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r54'>54</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1226, 1228.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f55'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r55'>55</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6; printed Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 340, 341.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f56'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r56'>56</a>.  </span>See note D at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f57'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r57'>57</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 786 (ii, 2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f58'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r58'>58</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6; printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 341.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f59'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r59'>59</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f60'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r60'>60</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1) 6; printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 340–2.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f61'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r61'>61</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1246.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f62'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r62'>62</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1250.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f63'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r63'>63</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 957; cf. 1410 (4).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f64'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r64'>64</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1110; printed in full, Burnet, History of the Reformation, <span class='fss'>IV</span>, 396; +Wilkins, Concilia, <span class='fss'>III</span>, 825.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f65'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r65'>65</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1336.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f66'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r66'>66</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1227; see note E at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f67'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r67'>67</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 901 (57); printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 553, 567.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f68'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r68'>68</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1226; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_518'>518</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f69'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r69'>69</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 787.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f70'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r70'>70</a>.  </span>Ibid. 6; printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 341.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f71'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r71'>71</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f72'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r72'>72</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f73'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r73'>73</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6, printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 341; cf. L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 29.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f74'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r74'>74</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f75'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r75'>75</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6; printed Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 341–2.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f76'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r76'>76</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f77'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r77'>77</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 848 (i, 4).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f78'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r78'>78</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1282.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f79'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r79'>79</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f80'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r80'>80</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 416.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f81'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r81'>81</a>.  </span>Ibid. 6; printed Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 341.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f82'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r82'>82</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6; printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 341.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f83'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r83'>83</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 29.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f84'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r84'>84</a>.  </span>Ibid. 6; printed Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 342.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f85'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r85'>85</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f86'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r86'>86</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f87'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r87'>87</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 914.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f88'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r88'>88</a>.  </span>Ibid. 787.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f89'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r89'>89</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 787.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f90'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r90'>90</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1279.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f91'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r91'>91</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 914.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f92'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r92'>92</a>.  </span>Ibid. 787.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f93'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r93'>93</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f94'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r94'>94</a>.  </span>Ibid. 914.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f95'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r95'>95</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1372.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f96'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r96'>96</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f97'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r97'>97</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f98'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r98'>98</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1234, 1238.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f99'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r99'>99</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f100'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r100'>100</a>.  </span>Cf. ibid. 1267.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f101'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r101'>101</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1227.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f102'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r102'>102</a>.  </span>Spanish Chron. ed. Hume, chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f103'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r103'>103</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1236.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f104'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r104'>104</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 29.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f105'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r105'>105</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1320.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f106'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r106'>106</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1283, 1288.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f107'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r107'>107</a>.  </span>See note A at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f108'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r108'>108</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 29.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f109'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r109'>109</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1319.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f110'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r110'>110</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 16, 27–29.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f111'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r111'>111</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1282.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f112'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r112'>112</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1358, 1369; and all the Chronicles under 1536.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f113'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r113'>113</a>.  </span>Hall, Chronicle, ann. 1536.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f114'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r114'>114</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f115'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r115'>115</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1363; printed in full, Merriman, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, no. 174; extracts in Tierney, +op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_432'>432</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f116'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r116'>116</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1374; printed in full, Latimer’s Remains (Parker Soc.), p. 375.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f117'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r117'>117</a>.  </span>Gasquet, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, append. 1.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f118'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r118'>118</a>.  </span>Stevens, Monasticon, <span class='fss'>II</span>, append. 17–19.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f119'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r119'>119</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 32.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f120'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r120'>120</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1410 (1); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 103.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f121'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r121'>121</a>.  </span>See coloured map.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f122'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r122'>122</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1410 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f123'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r123'>123</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_55'>55</a>–6; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 47 (4), (11).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f124'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r124'>124</a>.  </span>Ibid. 20.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f125'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r125'>125</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1410 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f126'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r126'>126</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1276; printed in full, Speed, op. cit. bk. 9, ch. 21.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f127'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r127'>127</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1235.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f128'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r128'>128</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 1313.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f129'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r129'>129</a>.  </span>See below, chap. <span class='fss'>XXIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f130'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r130'>130</a>.  </span>See note B at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f131'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r131'>131</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1392.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f132'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r132'>132</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1371.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f133'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r133'>133</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1276 (1); printed in full, Speed, op. cit. bk. 9, ch. 21, from which +this is copied with corrections from the original.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f134'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r134'>134</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 50, 201 (p. 101).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f135'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r135'>135</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 7, 914, 671 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f136'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r136'>136</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 91).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f137'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r137'>137</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1337; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 171.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f138'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r138'>138</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1294.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f139'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r139'>139</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1306; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_523'>523</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f140'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r140'>140</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1) 6; printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 342.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f141'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r141'>141</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1343.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f142'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r142'>142</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1175.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f143'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r143'>143</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1119, 1206.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f144'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r144'>144</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1175.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f145'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r145'>145</a>.  </span>See note C at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f146'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r146'>146</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1339.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f147'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r147'>147</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 22.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f148'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r148'>148</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1337, 1368.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f149'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r149'>149</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1293.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f150'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r150'>150</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 7, 66.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f151'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r151'>151</a>.  </span>Ibid. 131, 173.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f152'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r152'>152</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1294.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f153'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r153'>153</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1410 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f154'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r154'>154</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6; printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 342.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f155'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r155'>155</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1365.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f156'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r156'>156</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>VIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f157'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r157'>157</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1337, 1380.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f158'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r158'>158</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1365.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f159'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r159'>159</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1380.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f160'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r160'>160</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1365.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f161'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r161'>161</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1022.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f162'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r162'>162</a>.  </span>Ibid. 20.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f163'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r163'>163</a>.  </span>Ibid. 39.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f164'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r164'>164</a>.  </span>Ibid. 50, 51.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f165'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r165'>165</a>.  </span>Ibid. 52.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f166'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r166'>166</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 21.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f167'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r167'>167</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1410 (1), 1459, 1481–2; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 5.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f168'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r168'>168</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f169'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r169'>169</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 67.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f170'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r170'>170</a>.  </span>William Thomas, The Pilgrim, ed. J. A. Froude.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f171'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r171'>171</a>.  </span>Spanish Chron. ed. Hume, chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f172'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r172'>172</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1224.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f173'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r173'>173</a>.  </span>Ibid. 6; printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 331.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f174'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r174'>174</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 292 (iii); printed, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_558'>558</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f175'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r175'>175</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 43.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f176'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r176'>176</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 848 (ii), (4).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f177'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r177'>177</a>.  </span>Ibid. 536.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f178'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r178'>178</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1035.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f179'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r179'>179</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1293.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f180'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r180'>180</a>.  </span>Leadam, Select Cases in the Court of Star Chamber (Selden Soc.), <span class='fss'>II</span>, p. 68.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f181'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r181'>181</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1293.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f182'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r182'>182</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 892.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f183'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r183'>183</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1287.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f184'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r184'>184</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 132, 133.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f185'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r185'>185</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f186'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r186'>186</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1014; printed, Yorks. Arch. Journ. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 254.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f187'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r187'>187</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f188'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r188'>188</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 102), 370 (p. 169); see above, chap. <span class='fss'>XII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f189'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r189'>189</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>X</span>, 271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f190'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r190'>190</a>.  </span>Ibid. 927.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f191'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r191'>191</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1135 (2), 1295.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f192'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r192'>192</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1284.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f193'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r193'>193</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1371.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f194'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r194'>194</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 192.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f195'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r195'>195</a>.  </span>Ibid. 532–3.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f196'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r196'>196</a>.  </span>Ibid. 914.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f197'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r197'>197</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1294.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f198'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r198'>198</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1293.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f199'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r199'>199</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1307.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f200'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r200'>200</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1090; printed in full, De Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. lii, +and Raine, Priory of Hexham (Surtees Soc.), <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. <span class='fss'>CXXX</span> et seq.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f201'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r201'>201</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1331.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f202'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r202'>202</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1320.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f203'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r203'>203</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 7.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f204'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r204'>204</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1401.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f205'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r205'>205</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 7.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f206'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r206'>206</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1299 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f207'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r207'>207</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>III</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f208'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r208'>208</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1299.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f209'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r209'>209</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 7.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f210'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r210'>210</a>.  </span>Ibid. 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f211'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r211'>211</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 115.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f212'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r212'>212</a>.  </span>Ibid. 687 (2); printed in full, Wilson, op. cit., no. xxii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f213'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r213'>213</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 18.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f214'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r214'>214</a>.  </span>Ibid. 71–2.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f215'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r215'>215</a>.  </span>Ibid. 788.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f216'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r216'>216</a>.  </span>Ibid. 11.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f217'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r217'>217</a>.  </span>Ibid. 116.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f218'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r218'>218</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 67.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f219'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r219'>219</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 88).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f220'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r220'>220</a>.  </span>Ibid. 192, 201 (p. 91).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f221'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r221'>221</a>.  </span>Ibid. 64.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f222'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r222'>222</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1036.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f223'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r223'>223</a>.  </span>Ibid. 64, 201 (p. 85).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f224'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r224'>224</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 88).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f225'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r225'>225</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 92); see above, chap. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, note A.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f226'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r226'>226</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 56.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f227'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r227'>227</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 89).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f228'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r228'>228</a>.  </span>Ibid. 891.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f229'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r229'>229</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f230'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r230'>230</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 85).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f231'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r231'>231</a>.  </span>Cox, Churchwardens’ Accounts (the Antiquary’s Books), chap. <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f232'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r232'>232</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 87).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f233'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r233'>233</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 86).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f234'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r234'>234</a>.  </span>Ibid. 23.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f235'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r235'>235</a>.  </span>Ibid. 43.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f236'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r236'>236</a>.  </span>Ibid. 46.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f237'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r237'>237</a>.  </span>Ibid. 44.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f238'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r238'>238</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 45.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f239'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r239'>239</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 86); see note D at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f240'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r240'>240</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 88).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f241'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r241'>241</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 86).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f242'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r242'>242</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f243'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r243'>243</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 86).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f244'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r244'>244</a>.  </span>Ibid. 56.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f245'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r245'>245</a>.  </span>Ibid. 64.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f246'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r246'>246</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1175; see note <a href='#E'>E</a> at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f247'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r247'>247</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 67; extracts in Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f248'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r248'>248</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 26.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f249'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r249'>249</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1175.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f250'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r250'>250</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 67; extracts printed by Froude, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f251'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r251'>251</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 68.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f252'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r252'>252</a>.  </span>Ibid. 81; printed in full, Everett-Green, Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, +<span class='fss'>II</span>, no. cxliv.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f253'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r253'>253</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 89).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f254'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r254'>254</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 84; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_524'>524</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f255'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r255'>255</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 66.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f256'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r256'>256</a>.  </span>Ibid. 90.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f257'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r257'>257</a>.  </span>Ibid. 96.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f258'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r258'>258</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1410 (1) and (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f259'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r259'>259</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 97.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f260'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r260'>260</a>.  </span>Gower, The Tower of London, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>I</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f261'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r261'>261</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1119.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f262'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r262'>262</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1206.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f263'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r263'>263</a>.  </span>Ibid. 392.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f264'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r264'>264</a>.  </span>Spanish Chron. ed. Hume, chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f265'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r265'>265</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 67.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f266'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r266'>266</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1175.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f267'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r267'>267</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f268'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r268'>268</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f269'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r269'>269</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f270'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r270'>270</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1438.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f271'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r271'>271</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 534.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f272'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r272'>272</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f273'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r273'>273</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f274'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r274'>274</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 533.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f275'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r275'>275</a>.  </span>Ibid. 145.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f276'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r276'>276</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f277'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r277'>277</a>.  </span>Ibid. 145.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f278'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r278'>278</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 92).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f279'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r279'>279</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f280'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r280'>280</a>.  </span>Ibid. 534, 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f281'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r281'>281</a>.  </span>Ibid. 533.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f282'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r282'>282</a>.  </span>Tonge, op. cit. 71.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f283'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r283'>283</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 6; printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 339.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f284'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r284'>284</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f285'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r285'>285</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 65.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f286'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r286'>286</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 92); cf. Tawney, op. cit. pp. 197–8.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f287'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r287'>287</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 100).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f288'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r288'>288</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 102).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f289'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r289'>289</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 100).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f290'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r290'>290</a>.  </span>Ibid. 849 (p. 382).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f291'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r291'>291</a>.  </span>Ibid. 6; printed Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 339.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f292'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r292'>292</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 87).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f293'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r293'>293</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 95).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f294'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r294'>294</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 87).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f295'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r295'>295</a>.  </span>Ibid. 534.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f296'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r296'>296</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 86).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f297'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r297'>297</a>.  </span>Ibid. 65.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f298'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r298'>298</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (pp. 100, 101).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f299'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r299'>299</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (pp. 99, 100).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f300'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r300'>300</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 91).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f301'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r301'>301</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 99).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f302'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r302'>302</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 102).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f303'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r303'>303</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 99).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f304'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r304'>304</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 92).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f305'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r305'>305</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 495).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f306'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r306'>306</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 86).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f307'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r307'>307</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 86).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f308'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r308'>308</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 92).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f309'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r309'>309</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 500).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f310'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r310'>310</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 92).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f311'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r311'>311</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f312'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r312'>312</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 97).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f313'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r313'>313</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 500).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f314'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r314'>314</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 99).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f315'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r315'>315</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (pp. 99, 101, 102).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f316'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r316'>316</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 96).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f317'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r317'>317</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 95).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f318'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r318'>318</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 96).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f319'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r319'>319</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 94).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f320'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r320'>320</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 87).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f321'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r321'>321</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 88).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f322'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r322'>322</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 87).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f323'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r323'>323</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 88).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f324'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r324'>324</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 95).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f325'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r325'>325</a>.  </span>See note A at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f326'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r326'>326</a>.  </span>L. and P. <i>XII</i> (1), 201 (p. 88).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f327'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r327'>327</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 89).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f328'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r328'>328</a>.  </span>Ibid. 141.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f329'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r329'>329</a>.  </span>Ibid. 466.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f330'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r330'>330</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 93).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f331'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r331'>331</a>.  </span>Ibid. 141.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f332'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r332'>332</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 89).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f333'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r333'>333</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 93).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f334'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r334'>334</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 97).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f335'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r335'>335</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 95).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f336'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r336'>336</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (p. 93).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f337'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r337'>337</a>.  </span>Ibid. 141, 142.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f338'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r338'>338</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>VIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f339'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r339'>339</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 142.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f340'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r340'>340</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 93).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f341'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r341'>341</a>.  </span>Ibid. 141.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f342'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r342'>342</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 142.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f343'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r343'>343</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 93).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f344'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r344'>344</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 95).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f345'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r345'>345</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1023, cf. 139, 532.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f346'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r346'>346</a>.  </span>See below.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f347'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r347'>347</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 148; printed in full, Longstaff, A Leaf from the Pilgrimage of +Grace, p. 9 n.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f348'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r348'>348</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 730 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f349'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r349'>349</a>.  </span>Ibid. 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f350'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r350'>350</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1) 369; cf. Ibid. 730 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f351'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r351'>351</a>.  </span>See note B at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f352'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r352'>352</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>. See +note C at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f353'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r353'>353</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>; +L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 578.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f354'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r354'>354</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f355'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r355'>355</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1019, 1020 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f356'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r356'>356</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f357'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r357'>357</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 147.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f358'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r358'>358</a>.  </span>L. and P. <i>XII</i> (1), 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f359'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r359'>359</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 730 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f360'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r360'>360</a>.  </span>Ibid. 104.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f361'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r361'>361</a>.  </span>Ibid. 102.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f362'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r362'>362</a>.  </span>Ibid. 103; printed in full, Longstaff, A Leaf from the Pilgrimage of Grace, and +by Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f363'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r363'>363</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 146.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f364'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r364'>364</a>.  </span>Ibid. 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f365'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r365'>365</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 112.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f366'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r366'>366</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 115.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f367'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r367'>367</a>.  </span>Ibid. 135; see note D at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f368'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r368'>368</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 730 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f369'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r369'>369</a>.  </span>Ibid. 145.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f370'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r370'>370</a>.  </span>Ibid. 174.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f371'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r371'>371</a>.  </span>Ibid. 137; see note E at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f372'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r372'>372</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 146.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f373'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r373'>373</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 730 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f374'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r374'>374</a>.  </span>Ibid. 174.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f375'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r375'>375</a>.  </span>Ibid. 161.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f376'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r376'>376</a>.  </span>Ibid. 177.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f377'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r377'>377</a>.  </span>Ibid. 143.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f378'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r378'>378</a>.  </span>Ibid. 177.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f379'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r379'>379</a>.  </span>Ibid. 144.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f380'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r380'>380</a>.  </span>Ibid. 143.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f381'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r381'>381</a>.  </span>Ibid. 174.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f382'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r382'>382</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 113.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f383'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r383'>383</a>.  </span>Ibid. 174.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f384'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r384'>384</a>.  </span>Ibid. 140, 174, 179.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f385'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r385'>385</a>.  </span>Ibid. 154–162.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f386'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r386'>386</a>.  </span>Ibid. 174, 369; see note F at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f387'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r387'>387</a>.  </span>Tonge, op. cit. 25.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f388'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r388'>388</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f389'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r389'>389</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 161.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f390'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r390'>390</a>.  </span>Ibid. 164.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f391'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r391'>391</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (pp. 494–5).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f392'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r392'>392</a>.  </span>Ibid. 543, 1277 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f393'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r393'>393</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1011.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f394'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r394'>394</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (pp. 494–5).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f395'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r395'>395</a>.  </span>Ibid. 136.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f396'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r396'>396</a>.  </span>Ibid. 141, 142.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f397'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r397'>397</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1285.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f398'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r398'>398</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 159, 169, 170, 171, 177, 178.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f399'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r399'>399</a>.  </span>Ibid. 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f400'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r400'>400</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 234.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f401'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r401'>401</a>.  </span>Ibid. 271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f402'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r402'>402</a>.  </span>Ibid. 234–235.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f403'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r403'>403</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 174.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f404'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r404'>404</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f405'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r405'>405</a>.  </span>Ibid. 139, 217.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f406'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r406'>406</a>.  </span>Ibid. 148; printed in full, Longstaff, op. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f407'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r407'>407</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 151.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f408'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r408'>408</a>.  </span>Ibid. 345.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f409'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r409'>409</a>.  </span>Ibid. 148.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f410'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r410'>410</a>.  </span>Ibid. 362.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f411'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r411'>411</a>.  </span>Ibid. 138.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f412'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r412'>412</a>.  </span>Ibid. 253.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f413'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r413'>413</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 163.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f414'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r414'>414</a>.  </span>Ibid. 164.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f415'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r415'>415</a>.  </span>Ibid. 169.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f416'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r416'>416</a>.  </span>Ibid. 173.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f417'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r417'>417</a>.  </span>Ibid. 176; Star Chamber Proceedings, Hen. VIII, bdle. <span class='fss'>XIX</span>, no. 393.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f418'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r418'>418</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 140.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f419'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r419'>419</a>.  </span>Ibid. 176.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f420'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r420'>420</a>.  </span>Ibid. 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f421'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r421'>421</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 393; printed in full, De Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f422'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r422'>422</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 467; printed in full, De Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. no. liv.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f423'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r423'>423</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 393; printed in full, De Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f424'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r424'>424</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 220; printed in full, Raine, Mem. of Hexham Priory (Surtees +Soc.) <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. cxlvi.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f425'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r425'>425</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f426'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r426'>426</a>.  </span>Ibid. 410.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f427'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r427'>427</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (pp. 87–88).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f428'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r428'>428</a>.  </span>See note G at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f429'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r429'>429</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 201 (pp. 88–94).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f430'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r430'>430</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f431'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r431'>431</a>.  </span>Ibid. 338.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f432'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r432'>432</a>.  </span>Ibid. 410.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f433'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r433'>433</a>.  </span>Ibid. 338.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f434'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r434'>434</a>.  </span>Ibid. 292.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f435'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r435'>435</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (pp. 98–102).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f436'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r436'>436</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f437'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r437'>437</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 218.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f438'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r438'>438</a>.  </span>Ibid. 247.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f439'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r439'>439</a>.  </span>Harland, The Monastery of Sawley, p. 3.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f440'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r440'>440</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f441'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r441'>441</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1034.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f442'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r442'>442</a>.  </span>Ibid. 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f443'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r443'>443</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 393; printed in full, De Fonblanque, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f444'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r444'>444</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 247, 490.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f445'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r445'>445</a>.  </span>Ibid. 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f446'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r446'>446</a>.  </span>Ibid. 490.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f447'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r447'>447</a>.  </span>Ibid. 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f448'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r448'>448</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>VII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f449'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r449'>449</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f450'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r450'>450</a>.  </span>Ibid. 490.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f451'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r451'>451</a>.  </span>Ibid. 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f452'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r452'>452</a>.  </span>See below, chap. <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f453'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r453'>453</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 785; printed in full, De Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. li; see note +H at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f454'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r454'>454</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 490, 1034.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f455'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r455'>455</a>.  </span>Archaeological Journal, <span class='fss'>XIV</span>, 331.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f456'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r456'>456</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 533.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f457'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r457'>457</a>.  </span>Ibid. 234.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f458'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r458'>458</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 533.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f459'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r459'>459</a>.  </span>Ibid. 234.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f460'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r460'>460</a>.  </span>Ibid. 810, 870.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f461'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r461'>461</a>.  </span>Ibid. 234, 810, 870.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f462'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r462'>462</a>.  </span>Ibid. 234.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f463'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r463'>463</a>.  </span>Ibid. 235.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f464'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r464'>464</a>.  </span>Ibid. 248.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f465'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r465'>465</a>.  </span>Ibid. 227, 228.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f466'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r466'>466</a>.  </span>Ibid. 279.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f467'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r467'>467</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 169, 170, 183, 197.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f468'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r468'>468</a>.  </span>Ibid. 208.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f469'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r469'>469</a>.  </span>Ibid. 226.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f470'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r470'>470</a>.  </span>Ibid. 169.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f471'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r471'>471</a>.  </span>Ibid. 226.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f472'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r472'>472</a>.  </span>Ibid. 134.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f473'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r473'>473</a>.  </span>Ibid. 209; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_529'>529</a>, and Longstaff, A Leaf from the +Pilgrimage of Grace.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f474'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r474'>474</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f475'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r475'>475</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 113.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f476'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r476'>476</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1130.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f477'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r477'>477</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1130.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f478'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r478'>478</a>.  </span>Ibid. 848 (ii) (10).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f479'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r479'>479</a>.  </span>Ibid. 113.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f480'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r480'>480</a>.  </span>Ibid. 191.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f481'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r481'>481</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 698 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f482'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r482'>482</a>.  </span>Ibid. 281.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f483'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r483'>483</a>.  </span>Ibid. 247.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f484'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r484'>484</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 280.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f485'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r485'>485</a>.  </span>State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_526'>526</a> n.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f486'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r486'>486</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 200; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_526'>526</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f487'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r487'>487</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 66.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f488'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r488'>488</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 259; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_259'>259</a>, and in part by +Surtees, Hist. of Dur. sub Darlington, and Longstaff, Hist. of Darlington (misdated +1538).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f489'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r489'>489</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 568.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f490'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r490'>490</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1408.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f491'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r491'>491</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 568.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f492'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r492'>492</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 66.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f493'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r493'>493</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1083.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f494'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r494'>494</a>.  </span>Ibid. 163 (2); see above, chap. <span class='fss'>XII</span>, note F.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f495'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r495'>495</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1083.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f496'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r496'>496</a>.  </span>Ibid. 201 (p. 92).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f497'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r497'>497</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (pp. 494–5).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f498'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r498'>498</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1083.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f499'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r499'>499</a>.  </span>15 January.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f500'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r500'>500</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f501'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r501'>501</a>.  </span>Ibid. 174.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f502'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r502'>502</a>.  </span>Ibid. 161.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f503'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r503'>503</a>.  </span>Ibid. 202, 292.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f504'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r504'>504</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 32.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f505'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r505'>505</a>.  </span>Royal Hist. Soc. Trans. (New Ser.) <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>, p. 197.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f506'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r506'>506</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 98.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f507'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r507'>507</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 98 (4) (6) (7).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f508'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r508'>508</a>.  </span>Ibid. 98 (8).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f509'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r509'>509</a>.  </span>Ibid. 98 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f510'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r510'>510</a>.  </span>Ibid. 97.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f511'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r511'>511</a>.  </span>Ibid. 96, 99, 100.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f512'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r512'>512</a>.  </span>Ibid. 101.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f513'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r513'>513</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 200; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_526'>526</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f514'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r514'>514</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 198.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f515'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r515'>515</a>.  </span>Ibid. 252.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f516'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r516'>516</a>.  </span>Ibid. 216, 252.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f517'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r517'>517</a>.  </span>Ibid. 292.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f518'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r518'>518</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 253.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f519'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r519'>519</a>.  </span>Ibid. 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f520'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r520'>520</a>.  </span>See below, chap. <span class='fss'>XXI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f521'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r521'>521</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 315.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f522'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r522'>522</a>.  </span>Ibid. 259, 294; the former printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_533'>533</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f523'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r523'>523</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 319.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f524'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r524'>524</a>.  </span>Ibid. 319, 321.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f525'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r525'>525</a>.  </span>Ibid. 318; see above, chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f526'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r526'>526</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 337; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_534'>534</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f527'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r527'>527</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 319.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f528'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r528'>528</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 185; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. <span class='fss'>XIX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f529'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r529'>529</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 259; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_530'>530</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f530'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r530'>530</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 322.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f531'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r531'>531</a>.  </span>Ibid. 337; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_534'>534</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f532'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r532'>532</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1012.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f533'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r533'>533</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 914, 959, 965.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f534'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r534'>534</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1035.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f535'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r535'>535</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1023 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f536'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r536'>536</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1012.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f537'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r537'>537</a>.  </span>Ibid. 173.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f538'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r538'>538</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1012.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f539'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r539'>539</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1035; see note A at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f540'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r540'>540</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1012.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f541'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r541'>541</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 336.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f542'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r542'>542</a>.  </span>Ibid. 337; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_534'>534</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f543'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r543'>543</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 349.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f544'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r544'>544</a>.  </span>Ibid. 362.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f545'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r545'>545</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f546'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r546'>546</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 381.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f547'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r547'>547</a>.  </span>Ibid. 401.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f548'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r548'>548</a>.  </span>Wilfred Holme, The Downfall of Rebellion.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f549'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r549'>549</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 401.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f550'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r550'>550</a>.  </span>Ibid. 416 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f551'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r551'>551</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1083.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f552'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r552'>552</a>.  </span>Ibid. 416 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f553'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r553'>553</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 775.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f554'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r554'>554</a>.  </span>Ibid. 378.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f555'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r555'>555</a>.  </span>Ibid. 416.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f556'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r556'>556</a>.  </span>Ibid. 408.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f557'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r557'>557</a>.  </span>Ibid. 416.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f558'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r558'>558</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f559'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r559'>559</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 687 (2); printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. xxii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f560'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r560'>560</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 185; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. xix.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f561'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r561'>561</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 336.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f562'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r562'>562</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 185; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. xix.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f563'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r563'>563</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 416 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f564'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r564'>564</a>.  </span>Ibid. 419, 439, 687 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f565'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r565'>565</a>.  </span>Ibid. 411, from original at P. R. O.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f566'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r566'>566</a>.  </span>Ibid. 914.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f567'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r567'>567</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 185; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. xix.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f568'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r568'>568</a>.  </span>Wilfred Holme, The Downfall of Rebellion.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f569'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r569'>569</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 71, 72.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f570'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r570'>570</a>.  </span>Wilfred Holme, op. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f571'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r571'>571</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 520.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f572'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r572'>572</a>.  </span>Ibid. 419.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f573'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r573'>573</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 439.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f574'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r574'>574</a>.  </span>Ibid. 426; printed in full, Raine, Mem. of Hexham Priory (Surtees Soc.), <span class='fss'>I</span>, +Append. p. cxlix.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f575'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r575'>575</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 439.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f576'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r576'>576</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 427.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f577'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r577'>577</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1259; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. nos. xxiv-xxvii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f578'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r578'>578</a>.  </span>Wilfred Holme, op. cit.; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 448, 478–9, 520; see note B at end of +chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f579'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r579'>579</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 992.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f580'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r580'>580</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1216.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f581'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r581'>581</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1215.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f582'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r582'>582</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1217 (1) and (2); (2) printed in full, Raine, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. clx.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f583'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r583'>583</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 448.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f584'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r584'>584</a>.  </span>Ibid. 492.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f585'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r585'>585</a>.  </span>Sir Wm. Paulet.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f586'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r586'>586</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 468.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f587'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r587'>587</a>.  </span>Ibid. 469.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f588'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r588'>588</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 473.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f589'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r589'>589</a>.  </span>Ibid. 532.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f590'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r590'>590</a>.  </span>Ibid. 478.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f591'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r591'>591</a>.  </span>Ibid. 498; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. <span class='fss'>XX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f592'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r592'>592</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 439.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f593'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r593'>593</a>.  </span>Ibid. 498.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f594'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r594'>594</a>.  </span>Wilfred Holme, op. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f595'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r595'>595</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 498; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. <span class='fss'>XX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f596'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r596'>596</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 478.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f597'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r597'>597</a>.  </span>Ibid. 479; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_537'>537</a>, and Raine, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. cl.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f598'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r598'>598</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 498; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. <span class='fss'>XX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f599'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r599'>599</a>.  </span>Gasquet, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f600'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r600'>600</a>.  </span>See below.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f601'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r601'>601</a>.  </span>Nicolson and Burn, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 569; see Wilson, op. cit. p. 14 n.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f602'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r602'>602</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1259; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. nos. xxiv-xxvii, and +Raine, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. cliv; see note C at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f603'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r603'>603</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1214 (2), 1246.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f604'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r604'>604</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1156; printed in full, Raine, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. clxi.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f605'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r605'>605</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1257.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f606'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r606'>606</a>.  </span>Ibid. 546.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f607'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r607'>607</a>.  </span>See below, chap. <span class='fss'>XXI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f608'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r608'>608</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 577.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f609'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r609'>609</a>.  </span>Ibid. 609.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f610'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r610'>610</a>.  </span>Ibid. 617.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f611'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r611'>611</a>.  </span>Ibid. 558; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. the Earl of Hardwicke), +<span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 38.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f612'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r612'>612</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 609.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f613'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r613'>613</a>.  </span>Ibid. 594.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f614'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r614'>614</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 615.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f615'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r615'>615</a>.  </span>Ibid. 478 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f616'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r616'>616</a>.  </span>Ibid. 615–6.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f617'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r617'>617</a>.  </span>Ibid. 609.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f618'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r618'>618</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f619'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r619'>619</a>.  </span>See note E at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f620'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r620'>620</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 666.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f621'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r621'>621</a>.  </span>Ibid. 350, 371.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f622'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r622'>622</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>VIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f623'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r623'>623</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 383.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f624'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r624'>624</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 391.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f625'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r625'>625</a>.  </span>Ibid. 390.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f626'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r626'>626</a>.  </span>Ibid. 408.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f627'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r627'>627</a>.  </span>Ibid. 470.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f628'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r628'>628</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 506.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f629'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r629'>629</a>.  </span>Ibid. 699.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f630'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r630'>630</a>.  </span>Ibid. 303.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f631'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r631'>631</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 698.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f632'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r632'>632</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 698 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f633'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r633'>633</a>.  </span>Ibid. 698 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f634'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r634'>634</a>.  </span>Ibid. 698 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f635'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r635'>635</a>.  </span>Ibid. 852; see note D at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f636'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r636'>636</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 698, 710, 712.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f637'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r637'>637</a>.  </span>Ibid. 730–1.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f638'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r638'>638</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (12); 698 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f639'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r639'>639</a>.  </span>Ibid. 777.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f640'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r640'>640</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>III</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f641'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r641'>641</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 777, 1172.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f642'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r642'>642</a>.  </span>Ibid. 864; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. Hardwicke), <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 46.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f643'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r643'>643</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 916.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f644'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r644'>644</a>.  </span>Ibid. 942.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f645'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r645'>645</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 731.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f646'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r646'>646</a>.  </span>Ibid. 809.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f647'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r647'>647</a>.  </span>Ibid. 777.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f648'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r648'>648</a>.  </span>Ibid. 810.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f649'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r649'>649</a>.  </span>Ibid. 864; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. Hardwicke), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_46'>46</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f650'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r650'>650</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 917–8.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f651'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r651'>651</a>.  </span>Ibid. 810.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f652'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r652'>652</a>.  </span>Ibid. 902, 916.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f653'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r653'>653</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 863.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f654'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r654'>654</a>.  </span>Ibid. 478 (ii), 918.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f655'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r655'>655</a>.  </span>Ibid. 918.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f656'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r656'>656</a>.  </span>Ibid. 942.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f657'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r657'>657</a>.  </span>Ibid. 991.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f658'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r658'>658</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1025.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f659'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r659'>659</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1156.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f660'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r660'>660</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1207; printed in full, Deputy Keeper’s Report, <span class='fss'>III</span>, Append. <span class='fss'>II</span>, p. 247. The +Yorkshire indictment is printed by De Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. <span class='fss'>LV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f661'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r661'>661</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1156; printed in full, Raine, Mem. of Hexham Priory (Surtees +Soc.) <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. clxi.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f662'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r662'>662</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1172.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f663'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r663'>663</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1172; see note F at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f664'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r664'>664</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 778.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f665'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r665'>665</a>.  </span>Ibid. 777.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f666'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r666'>666</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1172.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f667'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r667'>667</a>.  </span>V. C. H. Cumberland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, p. 171.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f668'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r668'>668</a>.  </span>Ibid. p. 170.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f669'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r669'>669</a>.  </span>Ibid. p. 171.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f670'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r670'>670</a>.  </span>Gasquet, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>; cf. V. C. H. Cumberland, <span class='fss'>II</span>, p. 170.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f671'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r671'>671</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1192.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f672'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r672'>672</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1172.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f673'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r673'>673</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1307.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f674'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r674'>674</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1257.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f675'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r675'>675</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 34.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f676'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r676'>676</a>.  </span>Gasquet, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f677'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r677'>677</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1307 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f678'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r678'>678</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 59; printed in full, Wright, Three Chapters of Letters relating +to the Suppression of the Monasteries (Camden Soc.), p. 158.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f679'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r679'>679</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 92.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f680'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r680'>680</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 302.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f681'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r681'>681</a>.  </span>Ibid. 86.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f682'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r682'>682</a>.  </span>Ibid. 457.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f683'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r683'>683</a>.  </span>Ibid. 302.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f684'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r684'>684</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 520.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f685'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r685'>685</a>.  </span>Ibid. 630; printed in full, Beck, Annales Furnesienses, p. 343.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f686'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r686'>686</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 621.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f687'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r687'>687</a>.  </span>Ibid. 218, 490.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f688'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r688'>688</a>.  </span>Ibid. 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f689'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r689'>689</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1034.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f690'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r690'>690</a>.  </span>Sanders, De Origine ac Progressu Schism. Angl., lib. <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 129 (ed. 1588).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f691'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r691'>691</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 632.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f692'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r692'>692</a>.  </span>Whitaker, Whalley and the Honour of Clitheroe, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_108'>108</a>–9 (ed. Nichols and Lyons).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f693'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r693'>693</a>.  </span>Stow, Chronicle, ann. 1537.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f694'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r694'>694</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 706, 896; 706 printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 541.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f695'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r695'>695</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 630; printed in full, Beck, op. cit., p. 343.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f696'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r696'>696</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 666.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f697'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r697'>697</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1034.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f698'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r698'>698</a>.  </span>Harleian MS. no. 112, B.M.; see note A at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f699'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r699'>699</a>.  </span>Harland, The Monastery of Salley, p. 48.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f700'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r700'>700</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 632.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f701'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r701'>701</a>.  </span>Ibid. 825, 863 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f702'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r702'>702</a>.  </span>Ibid. 632.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f703'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r703'>703</a>.  </span>Ibid. 668; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 540.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f704'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r704'>704</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 695; printed in full, Beck, op. cit. p. 344.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f705'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r705'>705</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 652.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f706'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r706'>706</a>.  </span>Ibid. 841–2.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f707'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r707'>707</a>.  </span>Ibid. 706; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 541.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f708'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r708'>708</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 716.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f709'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r709'>709</a>.  </span>Ibid. 840; printed in full, Beck, op. cit. p. 347.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f710'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r710'>710</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f711'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r711'>711</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 841–2; 841 (4) printed in full, Beck, op. cit. p. 342.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f712'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r712'>712</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 832; facsimile in Beck, op. cit. pp. 346–7.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f713'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r713'>713</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 840; printed in full, Beck, op. cit. p. 347.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f714'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r714'>714</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 896.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f715'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r715'>715</a>.  </span>Ibid. 832, 880, 903; the two first in full, Beck, op. cit. pp. 346, 350.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f716'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r716'>716</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 205–6; printed in full, Beck, op. cit. p. 356.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f717'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r717'>717</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1014, 1065.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f718'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r718'>718</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 706; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_541'>541</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f719'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r719'>719</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 878.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f720'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r720'>720</a>.  </span>Ibid. 853.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f721'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r721'>721</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 878.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f722'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r722'>722</a>.  </span>Ibid. 621.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f723'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r723'>723</a>.  </span>Ibid. 411.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f724'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r724'>724</a>.  </span>Ibid. 878; see above, chap. <span class='fss'>XV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f725'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r725'>725</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 785.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f726'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r726'>726</a>.  </span>Ibid. 896.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f727'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r727'>727</a>.  </span>Ibid. 970.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f728'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r728'>728</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 672.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f729'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r729'>729</a>.  </span>Ibid. 673, 728.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f730'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r730'>730</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 717.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f731'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r731'>731</a>.  </span>Ibid. 728.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f732'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r732'>732</a>.  </span>Ibid. 764.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f733'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r733'>733</a>.  </span>Ibid. 780 (2); printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 463.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f734'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r734'>734</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 789.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f735'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r735'>735</a>.  </span>Ibid. 772.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f736'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r736'>736</a>.  </span>Ibid. 805.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f737'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r737'>737</a>.  </span>Ibid. 828.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f738'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r738'>738</a>.  </span>Ibid. 834; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 471.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f739'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r739'>739</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 838.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f740'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r740'>740</a>.  </span>Ibid. 842 (3), (4).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f741'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r741'>741</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 843.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f742'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r742'>742</a>.  </span>Ibid. 842; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_490'>490</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f743'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r743'>743</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 853.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f744'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r744'>744</a>.  </span>Ibid. 880.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f745'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r745'>745</a>.  </span>Ibid. 888.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f746'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r746'>746</a>.  </span>Ibid. 909.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f747'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r747'>747</a>.  </span>Ibid. 938 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f748'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r748'>748</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1086.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f749'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r749'>749</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f750'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r750'>750</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1155 (5) (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f751'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r751'>751</a>.  </span>Ibid. 967–75.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f752'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r752'>752</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1061, 1224 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f753'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r753'>753</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1155 (5) (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f754'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r754'>754</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1267, 1283.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f755'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r755'>755</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f756'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r756'>756</a>.  </span>Ibid. 946 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f757'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r757'>757</a>.  </span>Ibid. 420, 490, 491.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f758'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r758'>758</a>.  </span>Ibid. 420.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f759'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r759'>759</a>.  </span>Ibid. 590.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f760'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r760'>760</a>.  </span>Ibid. 591.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f761'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r761'>761</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 780 (2); printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 463.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f762'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r762'>762</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1036 (iv).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f763'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r763'>763</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 590.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f764'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r764'>764</a>.  </span>Ibid. 581 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f765'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r765'>765</a>.  </span>See note B at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f766'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r766'>766</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 973.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f767'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r767'>767</a>.  </span>Ibid. 828 (viii) (ix) (x).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f768'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r768'>768</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 590, 591; Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f769'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r769'>769</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 590, 591.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f770'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r770'>770</a>.  </span>Ibid. 581 (i).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f771'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r771'>771</a>.  </span>See above, chaps, <span class='fss'>IV</span> and <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f772'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r772'>772</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 591.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f773'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r773'>773</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (vii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f774'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r774'>774</a>.  </span>Ibid. 591.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f775'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r775'>775</a>.  </span>Ibid. 608.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f776'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r776'>776</a>.  </span>Ibid. 639.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f777'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r777'>777</a>.  </span>Ibid. 676, 677, 700.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f778'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r778'>778</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 843, 970; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 19, 69, 70 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f779'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r779'>779</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 827 (2), 828 (xi), 971, 975 (fo. 3); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f780'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r780'>780</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 842 (4), 967 (i); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f781'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r781'>781</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 747, 772, 853; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (vi).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f782'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r782'>782</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 827 (ii), 967 (viii); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (vii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f783'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r783'>783</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 842 (4); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (viii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f784'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r784'>784</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 568, 975 (fo. 2); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (ix).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f785'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r785'>785</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 828 (2), 842 (4); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (x), A, B.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f786'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r786'>786</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 828 (i, 2), 975 (fo. 1); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (xi), C.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f787'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r787'>787</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 843, 967 (ii), 975 (fo. 1), 1224 (2); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (xii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f788'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r788'>788</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 975 (fo. 8); <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 380, 481.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f789'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r789'>789</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 734 (3); printed in full, Deputy-Keeper’s Report, <span class='fss'>III</span>, Append. +ii, p. 245.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f790'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r790'>790</a>.  </span>Grey Friars’ Chron. (Camden Soc.), p. 39.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f791'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r791'>791</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (iv).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f792'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r792'>792</a>.  </span>Ibid. 677.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f793'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r793'>793</a>.  </span>Brenan and Statham, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>III</span>; Henry Howard, Earl of Northampton, +A Defensative against the Poison of Supposed Prophecies (1583).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f794'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r794'>794</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 677.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f795'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r795'>795</a>.  </span>Ibid. 702.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f796'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r796'>796</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 725.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f797'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r797'>797</a>.  </span>Ibid. 805.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f798'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r798'>798</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 805; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (v), (viii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f799'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r799'>799</a>.  </span>Ibid. 392; printed in full, Cox, op. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f800'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r800'>800</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 70 (viii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f801'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r801'>801</a>.  </span>Trevelyan, England in the Age of Wycliff, chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f802'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r802'>802</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 728, 764, 1043, 1084; cf. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 697.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f803'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r803'>803</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1084.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f804'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r804'>804</a>.  </span>Ibid. 870.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f805'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r805'>805</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1084.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f806'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r806'>806</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 495).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f807'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r807'>807</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1084.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f808'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r808'>808</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 494).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f809'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r809'>809</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f810'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r810'>810</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 495).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f811'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r811'>811</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1084.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f812'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r812'>812</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 494).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f813'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r813'>813</a>.  </span>See note C at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f814'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r814'>814</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1083.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f815'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r815'>815</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 12 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f816'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r816'>816</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1084.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f817'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r817'>817</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 497); the passage is partly obliterated.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f818'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r818'>818</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 543.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f819'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r819'>819</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1083.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f820'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r820'>820</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 248, 741, 828, 850; 828 printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, p. 109.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f821'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r821'>821</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1084.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f822'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r822'>822</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 12 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f823'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r823'>823</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1084.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f824'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r824'>824</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 12 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f825'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r825'>825</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1084.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f826'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r826'>826</a>.  </span>Ibid. 870.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f827'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r827'>827</a>.  </span>Ibid. 918.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f828'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r828'>828</a>.  </span>Ibid. 902.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f829'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r829'>829</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2) 12 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f830'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r830'>830</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1085.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f831'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r831'>831</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 622.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f832'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r832'>832</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 181; printed in full, Archaeologia, <span class='fss'>XVII</span>, 294.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f833'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r833'>833</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 12 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f834'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r834'>834</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1356.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f835'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r835'>835</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 725; printed in full, Ellis, Original Letters, 3rd Ser. <span class='fss'>III</span>. 95.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f836'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r836'>836</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1375.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f837'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r837'>837</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1393.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f838'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r838'>838</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 256; printed in full, Cranmer’s Works (Parker Soc.), p. 333.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f839'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r839'>839</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 257.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f840'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r840'>840</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1404.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f841'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r841'>841</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 193.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f842'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r842'>842</a>.  </span>Ibid. 62.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f843'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r843'>843</a>.  </span>Ibid. 63.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f844'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r844'>844</a>.  </span>Ibid. 456.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f845'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r845'>845</a>.  </span>Ibid. 808.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f846'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r846'>846</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1148, 1271, 1272.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f847'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r847'>847</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1446.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f848'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r848'>848</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1202.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f849'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r849'>849</a>.  </span>Ibid. 742 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f850'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r850'>850</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 93; printed in full, Strype, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span> (2), 271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f851'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r851'>851</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 457.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f852'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r852'>852</a>.  </span>Ibid. 708, 789 (ii), 790; <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 60, which is misdated, see note in <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), p. vi.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f853'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r853'>853</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1147 (iii, 6).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f854'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r854'>854</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1424; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 93; printed in full, Strype, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span> (2), 271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f855'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r855'>855</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1111; xii (1), 40, 307.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f856'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r856'>856</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1357, 1377.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f857'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r857'>857</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 308, 1147.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f858'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r858'>858</a>.  </span>Ibid. 508, 1147.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f859'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r859'>859</a>.  </span>Ibid. 679.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f860'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r860'>860</a>.  </span>Ibid. 927, 941.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f861'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r861'>861</a>.  </span>Ibid. 824, 868.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f862'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r862'>862</a>.  </span>Ibid. 746, 755–6.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f863'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r863'>863</a>.  </span>Ibid. 838.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f864'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r864'>864</a>.  </span>Ibid. 256.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f865'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r865'>865</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 908.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f866'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r866'>866</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 957.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f867'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r867'>867</a>.  </span>Ibid. 876, 877, 1182; printed in full, Cooper, Annals of Cambridge, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_387'>387</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f868'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r868'>868</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 212, 757–8, 1325.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f869'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r869'>869</a>.  </span>Ibid. 79, 127, 182, 211, 264.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f870'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r870'>870</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 357 (2) and (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f871'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r871'>871</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 298.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f872'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r872'>872</a>.  </span>Ibid. 389.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f873'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r873'>873</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f874'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r874'>874</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 5.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f875'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r875'>875</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1403.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f876'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r876'>876</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 389.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f877'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r877'>877</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1403.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f878'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r878'>878</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 389.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f879'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r879'>879</a>.  </span>Ibid. 798.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f880'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r880'>880</a>.  </span>Ibid. 126, 152.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f881'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r881'>881</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 405.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f882'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r882'>882</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1001.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f883'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r883'>883</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f884'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r884'>884</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1001; see note D at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f885'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r885'>885</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 685, 1000.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f886'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r886'>886</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1001.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f887'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r887'>887</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1126.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f888'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r888'>888</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1127.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f889'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r889'>889</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 595.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f890'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r890'>890</a>.  </span>Ibid. 182 and n.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f891'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r891'>891</a>.  </span>Cleeve.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f892'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r892'>892</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 4.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f893'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r893'>893</a>.  </span>Ibid. 152, 1070; see note F, chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f894'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r894'>894</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_61'>61</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f895'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r895'>895</a>.  </span>Nunney.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f896'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r896'>896</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1194.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f897'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r897'>897</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1195.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f898'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r898'>898</a>.  </span>Trevelyan, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>; Gairdner, Lollardy and the Reformation, <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>I</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f899'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r899'>899</a>.  </span>Trevelyan, loc. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f900'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r900'>900</a>.  </span>Powell, The Rising in East Anglia.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f901'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r901'>901</a>.  </span>Trevelyan, loc. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f902'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r902'>902</a>.  </span>Russell, op. cit. Introduction.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f903'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r903'>903</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1268; printed in part, Russell, op. cit. Introduction.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f904'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r904'>904</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f905'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r905'>905</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>VI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f906'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r906'>906</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f907'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r907'>907</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 56.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f908'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r908'>908</a>.  </span>Ibid. 21.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f909'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r909'>909</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 424.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f910'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r910'>910</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 150; printed in part, Russell, op. cit. Introduction.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f911'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r911'>911</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 32.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f912'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r912'>912</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 13 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f913'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r913'>913</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1125, 1300.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f914'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r914'>914</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1056; printed in part, Russell, op. cit. Introduction.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f915'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r915'>915</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1125.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f916'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r916'>916</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1045, 1046.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f917'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r917'>917</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1063, 1125.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f918'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r918'>918</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1171.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f919'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r919'>919</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1212.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f920'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r920'>920</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1284.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f921'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r921'>921</a>.  </span>See note E at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f922'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r922'>922</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f923'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r923'>923</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1212; printed in part by Russell, op. cit. Introduction.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f924'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r924'>924</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1284.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f925'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r925'>925</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 56.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f926'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r926'>926</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1316.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f927'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r927'>927</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1301.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f928'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r928'>928</a>.  </span>Russell, op. cit. Introduction.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f929'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r929'>929</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1300.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f930'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r930'>930</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 56.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f931'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r931'>931</a>.  </span>Ibid. 68.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f932'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r932'>932</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1300.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f933'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r933'>933</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1300 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f934'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r934'>934</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 13 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f935'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r935'>935</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 892 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f936'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r936'>936</a>.  </span>Dict. Nat. Biog. art. Askew, Anne.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f937'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r937'>937</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 189.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f938'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r938'>938</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>III</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f939'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r939'>939</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f940'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r940'>940</a>.  </span>Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f941'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r941'>941</a>.  </span>See below, chap. <span class='fss'>XXIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f942'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r942'>942</a>.  </span>Cavendish, Life of Wolsey (ed. Singer, 2nd ed.), p. 399.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f943'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r943'>943</a>.  </span>Maitland, English Law and the Renaissance.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f944'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r944'>944</a>.  </span>Ibid.; for the form of criminal trial at this period see Holdsworth, Hist. of Eng. +Law, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_160'>160</a>, <a href='#Page_164'>164</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f945'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r945'>945</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 181; printed in full, Archaeologia, <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>, 294.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f946'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r946'>946</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 849 (53); printed in full, De Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, append. liii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f947'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r947'>947</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1062.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f948'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r948'>948</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 19; printed in full, de Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f949'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r949'>949</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 165; printed in full, de Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f950'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r950'>950</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 535, 979, 1296; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 12 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f951'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r951'>951</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f952'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r952'>952</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 248, 583, Append. 1.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f953'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r953'>953</a>.  </span>Ibid. 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f954'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r954'>954</a>.  </span>Ibid. 356.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f955'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r955'>955</a>.  </span>Ibid. 519.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f956'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r956'>956</a>.  </span>Ibid. 733.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f957'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r957'>957</a>.  </span>Ibid. 828; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>. p. 109.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f958'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r958'>958</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 828, 850.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f959'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r959'>959</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1380.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f960'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r960'>960</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 14.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f961'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r961'>961</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), append. 28.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f962'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r962'>962</a>.  </span>Ibid. 14.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f963'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r963'>963</a>.  </span>Ibid. 101.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f964'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r964'>964</a>.  </span>Ibid. 102 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f965'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r965'>965</a>.  </span>Ibid. 166.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f966'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r966'>966</a>.  </span>Ibid. 665.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f967'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r967'>967</a>.  </span>Ibid. 784.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f968'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r968'>968</a>.  </span>Ibid. 3.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f969'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r969'>969</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>II</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f970'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r970'>970</a>.  </span>See below, chap. <span class='fss'>XXIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f971'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r971'>971</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 835, 846; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. the +Earl of Hardwicke), <span class='fss'>I</span>.\, 43.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f972'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r972'>972</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 863.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f973'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r973'>973</a>.  </span>Ibid. 967.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f974'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r974'>974</a>.  </span>Ibid. 991.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f975'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r975'>975</a>.  </span>Ibid. 981.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f976'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r976'>976</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1120.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f977'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r977'>977</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f978'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r978'>978</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 976.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f979'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r979'>979</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1079.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f980'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r980'>980</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 929; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1088.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f981'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r981'>981</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 186.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f982'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r982'>982</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1207 (8).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f983'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r983'>983</a>.  </span><cite>Darcy’s Letters</cite>: L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 115, 135, 155, 162, 184. <cite>Evidence</cite>: ibid. +847 (5), 848 (2) (5) (15) (16), 1087 (pp. 497–8).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f984'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r984'>984</a>.  </span><cite>Levening</cite>: L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 730, 731. <cite>Evidence</cite>: ibid. 848 (10), 1087 +(p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f985'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r985'>985</a>.  </span>Ibid. 7. <cite>Evidence</cite>: ibid. 848 (ii) (13), 849 (6) (37), 1087 (p. 498).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f986'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r986'>986</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f987'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r987'>987</a>.  </span>Ibid. 39.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f988'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r988'>988</a>.  </span>Ibid. 849 (33), 974, 1087 (p. 498), 1175. See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f989'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r989'>989</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f990'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r990'>990</a>.  </span><cite>Delay</cite>: ibid. 280, 295. <cite>Evidence</cite>: ibid. 849 (32), 1087 (p. 498).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f991'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r991'>991</a>.  </span><cite>Application</cite>: ibid. 390. <cite>Evidence</cite>: ibid. 848 (1), 1087 (p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f992'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r992'>992</a>.  </span><cite>Evidence</cite>: ibid. 848 (4), 1087 (p. 497). <cite>Letter</cite>: L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1293, illegible in the +essential passage.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f993'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r993'>993</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 848 (8).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f994'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r994'>994</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (10), 848 (ii) (12), 1087 (p. 498).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f995'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r995'>995</a>.  </span>Ibid. 840; printed in full, Beck, op. cit. 347.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f996'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r996'>996</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 853.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f997'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r997'>997</a>.  </span>Ibid. 878.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f998'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r998'>998</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1128; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 849 (7).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f999'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r999'>999</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 852 (iii), 853, 900 (56) (60–64), 1022.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1000'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1000'>1000</a>.  </span>Ibid. 900 (65–72).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1001'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1001'>1001</a>.  </span>Ibid. 944; cf. L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1086.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1002'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1002'>1002</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1079, 1080.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1003'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1003'>1003</a>.  </span>Ibid. 134.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1004'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1004'>1004</a>.  </span>Ibid. 848 (3), 849 (11) (12) (19) (20), 1087 (p. 498).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1005'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1005'>1005</a>.  </span>Ibid. 849 (15) (45) (47); 849 (2) (p. 382); 849 (18), and L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1080; +L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 848 (7), 849 (46), 1087 (p. 498), 849 (5), and L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1051.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1006'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1006'>1006</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 849 (44) and 350; 849 (48) and 144.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1007'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1007'>1007</a>.  </span>Ibid. 900 (73–87); printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 554–5.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1008'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1008'>1008</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 849 (3) and <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1128; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 852 and 852 (iv).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1009'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1009'>1009</a>.  </span>Ibid. 797.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1010'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1010'>1010</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 900 (45–49), 945 (48); printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 553, 572.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1011'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1011'>1011</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 848 (11), 974.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1012'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1012'>1012</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 497), 1200.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1013'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1013'>1013</a>.  </span>Ibid. 848, 850 (2); see note A at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1014'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1014'>1014</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1064; see L. and P. <span class='fss'>IV</span> (1), Introduction, p. dlv; (3), 5749–50.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1015'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1015'>1015</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 848.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1016'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1016'>1016</a>.  </span>Ibid. 849 (49).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1017'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1017'>1017</a>.  </span>Ibid. 849 (50).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1018'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1018'>1018</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1207 (16–21); printed in full, Deputy-Keeper’s Report <span class='fss'>III</span>, +append. <span class='fss'>II</span>, p. 247.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1019'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1019'>1019</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 803.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1020'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1020'>1020</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1086.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1021'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1021'>1021</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1239.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1022'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1022'>1022</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1234.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1023'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1023'>1023</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 22, 23.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1024'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1024'>1024</a>.  </span>Ibid. 43; <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1009, 1064 (2), 1065.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1025'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1025'>1025</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 30.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1026'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1026'>1026</a>.  </span>Ibid. 105.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1027'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1027'>1027</a>.  </span>Ibid. 77; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_551'>551</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1028'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1028'>1028</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 1.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1029'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1029'>1029</a>.  </span>Ibid. 166.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1030'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1030'>1030</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1031'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1031'>1031</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1078; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 313, 445; the last printed in full, Anstis, The +Order of the Garter, <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_407'>407</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1032'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1032'>1032</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1129.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1033'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1033'>1033</a>.  </span>Ibid. 905; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 181; printed in full, Archaeologia, <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>, 294.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1034'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1034'>1034</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 981.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1035'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1035'>1035</a>.  </span>Ibid. 976, 981.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1036'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1036'>1036</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>VI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1037'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1037'>1037</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1012 (4); 1087 (p. 500).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1038'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1038'>1038</a>.  </span>Ibid. 964.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1039'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1039'>1039</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 501).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1040'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1040'>1040</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1213.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1041'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1041'>1041</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>II</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1042'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1042'>1042</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 973.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1043'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1043'>1043</a>.  </span>Ibid. 899; printed by Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1044'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1044'>1044</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 576.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1045'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1045'>1045</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1207 (5), (7), (11–21); printed in full, Deputy-Keeper’s Report, <span class='fss'>III</span>, Append. <span class='fss'>II</span>, +p. 247.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1046'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1046'>1046</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 143; printed in full, Nott, Lives of the Earl of Surrey and +Sir T. Wyatt, Append. <span class='fss'>XXVIII</span>; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 1049; printed in full, Everett-Green, +op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, no. <span class='fss'>CXLIX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1047'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1047'>1047</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1252.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1048'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1048'>1048</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 43.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1049'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1049'>1049</a>.  </span>Ibid. 2.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1050'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1050'>1050</a>.  </span>Ibid. 156 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1051'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1051'>1051</a>.  </span>Ibid. 926.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1052'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1052'>1052</a>.  </span>Ibid. 156 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1053'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1053'>1053</a>.  </span>Ibid. Append. 31.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1054'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1054'>1054</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 2.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1055'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1055'>1055</a>.  </span>Ibid. 187 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1056'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1056'>1056</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1199 (4).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1057'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1057'>1057</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1058'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1058'>1058</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1207 (8); printed in full, Deputy-Keeper’s Report, <span class='fss'>III</span>, Append. <span class='fss'>II</span>, p. 247; +de Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, app. p. lv.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1059'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1059'>1059</a>.  </span>Grey Friars’ Chron. (Camden Soc.), p. 40.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1060'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1060'>1060</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 181; printed in full, Archaeologia, <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>, 294.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1061'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1061'>1061</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 473, 533.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1062'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1062'>1062</a>.  </span>Ibid. 533.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1063'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1063'>1063</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 194.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1064'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1064'>1064</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 369; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1065'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1065'>1065</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1199 (3) (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1066'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1066'>1066</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1067'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1067'>1067</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1324; printed in full, Milner and Benham, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1068'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1068'>1068</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1142.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1069'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1069'>1069</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1070'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1070'>1070</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1199 (3) (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1071'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1071'>1071</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 365.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1072'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1072'>1072</a>.  </span>Ibid. 568, 706–7.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1073'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1073'>1073</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 494).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1074'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1074'>1074</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1184.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1075'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1075'>1075</a>.  </span>Ibid. 66, 164, 236, 271.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1076'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1076'>1076</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 976.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1077'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1077'>1077</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 189.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1078'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1078'>1078</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1135 (2), 1295.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1079'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1079'>1079</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 495).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1080'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1080'>1080</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1083.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1081'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1081'>1081</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 494).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1082'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1082'>1082</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 495).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1083'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1083'>1083</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1084'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1084'>1084</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 568.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1085'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1085'>1085</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 496), 1088.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1086'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1086'>1086</a>.  </span>Ibid. 393; printed in full, de Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1087'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1087'>1087</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1012 (1), 1023 (ii), 1035 (1), (iv).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1088'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1088'>1088</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1086.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1089'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1089'>1089</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 496).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1090'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1090'>1090</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1034.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1091'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1091'>1091</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 496).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1092'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1092'>1092</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1088.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1093'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1093'>1093</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1086.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1094'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1094'>1094</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1199 (3) (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1095'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1095'>1095</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1096'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1096'>1096</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1321; see above, chap. <span class='fss'>III</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1097'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1097'>1097</a>.  </span>Yorks. Arch, and Top. Journ. <span class='fss'>VIII</span>, 404.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1098'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1098'>1098</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 181; printed in full, Archaeologia, <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>, 294.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1099'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1099'>1099</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 900 (47); printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 553.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1100'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1100'>1100</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 899, 973.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1101'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1101'>1101</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1225.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1102'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1102'>1102</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (1) (2) (11), 848 (ii), (7) (17) (18).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1103'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1103'>1103</a>.  </span>Ibid. 145.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1104'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1104'>1104</a>.  </span>Ibid. 146 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1105'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1105'>1105</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1106'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1106'>1106</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 146 (1) (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1107'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1107'>1107</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 847 (5) (6) (9), 848 (ii) (8) (9).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1108'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1108'>1108</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1225.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1109'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1109'>1109</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (3), 848 (ii) (10), 1088, 1130.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1110'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1110'>1110</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>, note E.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1111'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1111'>1111</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 730, 1087 (p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1112'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1112'>1112</a>.  </span>Grey Friars’ Chron. (Camden Soc.), 40.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1113'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1113'>1113</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1199 (3) (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1114'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1114'>1114</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1115'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1115'>1115</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1225.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1116'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1116'>1116</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1226.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1117'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1117'>1117</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 160.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1118'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1118'>1118</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 712.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1119'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1119'>1119</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1082; printed in part, Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1120'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1120'>1120</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 846; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. the Earl +of Hardwicke), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1121'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1121'>1121</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 852, 900, 901, 945, 946, 1175; 900, 901 and 945 are printed in +full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 550–573.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1122'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1122'>1122</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 946.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1123'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1123'>1123</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1175 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1124'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1124'>1124</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 420.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1125'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1125'>1125</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 698.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1126'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1126'>1126</a>.  </span>Ibid. 629, 630–1, 641, 651.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1127'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1127'>1127</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 292 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1128'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1128'>1128</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 849 (51) (52).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1129'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1129'>1129</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (8), 848 (ii, 11), 849 (3), 991.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1130'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1130'>1130</a>.  </span>Ibid. 698 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1131'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1131'>1131</a>.  </span>Ibid. 849 (33), 974, 1119, 1175, 1206.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1132'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1132'>1132</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (12), 848 (ii, 14), 698 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1133'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1133'>1133</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (3), 848 (ii, 10), 1087 (p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1134'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1134'>1134</a>.  </span>Ibid. 847 (4) (5) (9).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1135'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1135'>1135</a>.  </span>Ibid. 848 (ii, 15), 1087 (p. 497).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1136'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1136'>1136</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 43, 848 (i, 13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1137'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1137'>1137</a>.  </span>Ibid. 848 (ii, 3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1138'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1138'>1138</a>.  </span>Ibid. 848 (ii, 4).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1139'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1139'>1139</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1140'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1140'>1140</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 848 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1141'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1141'>1141</a>.  </span>Ibid. 44.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1142'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1142'>1142</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 945, 1107, 1306; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 46, 102, 115, 390.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1143'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1143'>1143</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1211, 1287; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 56, 191, 209, 315.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1144'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1144'>1144</a>.  </span>Ibid. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 901 (2) (58); printed in full, Eng. Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 565–6.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1145'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1145'>1145</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1252.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1146'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1146'>1146</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1147'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1147'>1147</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1148'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1148'>1148</a>.  </span>Ibid. 532, 535, 1296.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1149'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1149'>1149</a>.  </span>Ibid. 979.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1150'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1150'>1150</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1151'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1151'>1151</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1012 (4, v); 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1152'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1152'>1152</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1153'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1153'>1153</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1199 (3) (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1154'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1154'>1154</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1155'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1155'>1155</a>.  </span>Ibid. 777.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1156'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1156'>1156</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 846; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. the Earl of +Hardwicke), <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_43'>43</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1157'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1157'>1157</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1088.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1158'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1158'>1158</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1020.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1159'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1159'>1159</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1020, 1087 (p. 501).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1160'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1160'>1160</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1199 (3, ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1161'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1161'>1161</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1162'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1162'>1162</a>.  </span>Ibid. 632, cf. 783–4.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1163'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1163'>1163</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1019.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1164'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1164'>1164</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1020 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1165'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1165'>1165</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1021 (3), 1087 (p. 499).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1166'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1166'>1166</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1199.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1167'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1167'>1167</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1168'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1168'>1168</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1239.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1169'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1169'>1169</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 12.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1170'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1170'>1170</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1171'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1171'>1171</a>.  </span>Ibid. 192.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1172'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1172'>1172</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1021.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1173'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1173'>1173</a>.  </span>Ibid. 479; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_537'>537</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1174'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1174'>1174</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 609.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1175'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1175'>1175</a>.  </span>Ibid. 698.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1176'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1176'>1176</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1087 (p. 500).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1177'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1177'>1177</a>.  </span>Ibid. 666.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1178'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1178'>1178</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1035, 1269.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1179'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1179'>1179</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1012, 1023 (ii), 1087 (p. 500).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1180'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1180'>1180</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1035.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1181'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1181'>1181</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1012, 1023 (ii), 1035, 1036, 1087 (p. 500).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1182'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1182'>1182</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1227 (13).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1183'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1183'>1183</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_63'>63</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1184'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1184'>1184</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1319.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1185'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1185'>1185</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_64'>64</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1186'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1186'>1186</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 357; printed in part, Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1187'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1187'>1187</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 730.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1188'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1188'>1188</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 346; printed in full, State Papers <span class='fss'>V</span>, 94.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1189'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1189'>1189</a>.  </span>Lang, James VI and the Gowrie Mystery.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1190'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1190'>1190</a>.  </span>Grey Friars’ Chron. (Camden Soc.), 41.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1191'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1191'>1191</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1192'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1192'>1192</a>.  </span>Hamilton Papers, Vol. <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 44; see below, chap. <span class='fss'>XXI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1193'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1193'>1193</a>.  </span>Spanish Chron. (ed. Hume), chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1194'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1194'>1194</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 41; printed in full, Nott, Lives of Surrey and Wyatt, p. 321, +and Merriman, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, no. 189.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1195'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1195'>1195</a>.  </span>Thomas, The Pilgrim, p. 11 (ed. Froude).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1196'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1196'>1196</a>.  </span>Holme: The Downfall of Rebellion.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1197'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1197'>1197</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 632.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1198'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1198'>1198</a>.  </span>Ibid. 784.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1199'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1199'>1199</a>.  </span>Ibid. 849 (9).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1200'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1200'>1200</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1178.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1201'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1201'>1201</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1319.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1202'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1202'>1202</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 14.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1203'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1203'>1203</a>.  </span>Ibid. 179.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1204'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1204'>1204</a>.  </span>Ibid. 576.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1205'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1205'>1205</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1087 (p. 501).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1206'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1206'>1206</a>.  </span>Star Chamber Proc. Bdle. <span class='fss'>XIX</span>, 393; Yorks. Star Chamber Proc. (Yorks. Arch. +Soc. Rec. Ser.) <span class='fss'>II</span>, no. <span class='fss'>XLIX</span>, misdated 1535.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1207'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1207'>1207</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1163; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), Append. 16, 17.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1208'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1208'>1208</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 706.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1209'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1209'>1209</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 498; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. <span class='fss'>XX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1210'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1210'>1210</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 609.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1211'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1211'>1211</a>.  </span>Ibid. 687 (2); printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. <span class='fss'>XXII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1212'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1212'>1212</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 1339; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit. no. <span class='fss'>XXXI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1213'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1213'>1213</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 996.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1214'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1214'>1214</a>.  </span>Information supplied by Mr J. Crawford Hodgson.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1215'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1215'>1215</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 698.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1216'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1216'>1216</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 400.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1217'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1217'>1217</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 671, 849 (27) (29) (30), 878, 959, 965.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1218'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1218'>1218</a>.  </span>Ibid. 914.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1219'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1219'>1219</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 192.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1220'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1220'>1220</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 77; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 551.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1221'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1221'>1221</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 156.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1222'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1222'>1222</a>.  </span>Ibid. 166.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1223'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1223'>1223</a>.  </span>Ibid. Append. 31.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1224'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1224'>1224</a>.  </span>Ibid. 178.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1225'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1225'>1225</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 229; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 91.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1226'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1226'>1226</a>.  </span>Tong, op. cit. Append. p. i.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1227'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1227'>1227</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), Append. 31.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1228'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1228'>1228</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XV</span>, 804.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1229'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1229'>1229</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 203.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1230'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1230'>1230</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 853.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1231'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1231'>1231</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1082; printed in part by Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1232'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1232'>1232</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1223, 1224.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1233'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1233'>1233</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_65'>65</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1234'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1234'>1234</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 229; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 91.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1235'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1235'>1235</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1236'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1236'>1236</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 946 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1237'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1237'>1237</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1128.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1238'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1238'>1238</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 292; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_557'>557</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1239'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1239'>1239</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1240'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1240'>1240</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XV</span>, 97.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1241'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1241'>1241</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 292; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_557'>557</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1242'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1242'>1242</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 203, 261.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1243'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1243'>1243</a>.  </span>Ibid. 203.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1244'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1244'>1244</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 292; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_557'>557</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1245'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1245'>1245</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1246'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1246'>1246</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 372–3; 372 printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 64.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1247'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1247'>1247</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 222–5.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1248'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1248'>1248</a>.  </span>Ibid. 293.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1249'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1249'>1249</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1410 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1250'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1250'>1250</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 98.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1251'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1251'>1251</a>.  </span>Ibid. 86.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1252'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1252'>1252</a>.  </span>Drake, Eboracum, Bk <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>VIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1253'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1253'>1253</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 594; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 291, 369.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1254'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1254'>1254</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 319.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1255'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1255'>1255</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1256'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1256'>1256</a>.  </span>Ibid. Append. 2.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1257'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1257'>1257</a>.  </span>Ibid. 319.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1258'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1258'>1258</a>.  </span>Ibid. 332; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. the Earl of Hardwicke), +<span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_33'>33</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1259'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1259'>1259</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 225.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1260'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1260'>1260</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 351.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1261'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1261'>1261</a>.  </span>Ibid. 421; printed in full, Raine, Mem. of Hexham Priory (Surtees Soc.), <span class='fss'>I</span>, +Append. p. cxlvii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1262'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1262'>1262</a>.  </span>See note A at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1263'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1263'>1263</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 351.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1264'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1264'>1264</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1265'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1265'>1265</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 421; printed in full, Raine, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. cxlvii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1266'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1266'>1266</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 422.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1267'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1267'>1267</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1268'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1268'>1268</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 552.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1269'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1269'>1269</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 553.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1270'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1270'>1270</a>.  </span>Ibid. 594, 596, 859.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1271'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1271'>1271</a>.  </span>Ibid. 594–5.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1272'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1272'>1272</a>.  </span>See note B at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1273'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1273'>1273</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 595.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1274'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1274'>1274</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 594.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1275'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1275'>1275</a>.  </span>Ibid. 636; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. the Earl of Hardwicke), +<span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 39.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1276'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1276'>1276</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 667; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. the Earl of +Hardwicke), <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 41.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1277'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1277'>1277</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 651.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1278'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1278'>1278</a>.  </span>Ibid. 594.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1279'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1279'>1279</a>.  </span>Ibid. 596.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1280'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1280'>1280</a>.  </span>Ibid. 594.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1281'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1281'>1281</a>.  </span>See note C at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1282'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1282'>1282</a>.  </span>Raine, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. clvii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1283'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1283'>1283</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 839.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1284'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1284'>1284</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1285'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1285'>1285</a>.  </span>Ibid. 857.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1286'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1286'>1286</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 857–8.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1287'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1287'>1287</a>.  </span>Ibid. 858, 973.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1288'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1288'>1288</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 919.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1289'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1289'>1289</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1305.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1290'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1290'>1290</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 88.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1291'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1291'>1291</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XI</span>, 1305.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1292'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1292'>1292</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1315.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1293'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1293'>1293</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1352, 1395.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1294'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1294'>1294</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 12, 53.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1295'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1295'>1295</a>.  </span>Ibid. 165.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1296'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1296'>1296</a>.  </span>Ibid. 326.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1297'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1297'>1297</a>.  </span>Ibid. 397.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1298'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1298'>1298</a>.  </span>Ibid. 333; printed in full, Miscellaneous State Papers (ed. the Earl of Hardwicke), +<span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 35.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1299'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1299'>1299</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 398; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, p. 68.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1300'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1300'>1300</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 399; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_535'>535</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1301'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1301'>1301</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 463.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1302'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1302'>1302</a>.  </span>Ibid. 166.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1303'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1303'>1303</a>.  </span>Ibid. 463.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1304'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1304'>1304</a>.  </span>Ibid. 600.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1305'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1305'>1305</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 760–2; 760 printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 72.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1306'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1306'>1306</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 990.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1307'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1307'>1307</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 6.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1308'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1308'>1308</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 80.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1309'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1309'>1309</a>.  </span>Ibid. 74.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1310'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1310'>1310</a>.  </span>Ibid. 80.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1311'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1311'>1311</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 815–6; 816 printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_545'>545</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1312'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1312'>1312</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 843.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1313'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1313'>1313</a>.  </span>Ibid. 882.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1314'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1314'>1314</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), Append. 12; printed in full, Hamilton Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 41, no. 38.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1315'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1315'>1315</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), p. xviii n.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1316'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1316'>1316</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 859.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1317'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1317'>1317</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), Append. 19; printed in full, Hamilton Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 44, no. 41.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1318'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1318'>1318</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), Append. 18; printed in full, Hamilton Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 43, no. 40.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1319'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1319'>1319</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 967.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1320'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1320'>1320</a>.  </span>Ibid. 952.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1321'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1321'>1321</a>.  </span>Ibid. 968.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1322'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1322'>1322</a>.  </span>Ibid. 993.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1323'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1323'>1323</a>.  </span>Ibid. 967.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1324'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1324'>1324</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 982, 991, 994, 1030, 1050, 1060.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1325'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1325'>1325</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1026.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1326'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1326'>1326</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1058.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1327'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1327'>1327</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1038.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1328'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1328'>1328</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1094; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 75–7.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1329'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1329'>1329</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1043.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1330'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1330'>1330</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1094; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 75–7.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1331'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1331'>1331</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1118; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_547'>547</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1332'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1332'>1332</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1024.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1333'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1333'>1333</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1091–2.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1334'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1334'>1334</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1335'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1335'>1335</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1162.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1336'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1336'>1336</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1157.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1337'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1337'>1337</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1162.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1338'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1338'>1338</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1192.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1339'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1339'>1339</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1157, 1162.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1340'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1340'>1340</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1341'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1341'>1341</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1173.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1342'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1342'>1342</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1172.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1343'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1343'>1343</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1344'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1344'>1344</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1237; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, p. 78.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1345'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1345'>1345</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1286; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 79.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1346'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1346'>1346</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 422; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 96.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1347'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1347'>1347</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1256.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1348'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1348'>1348</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1286, printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 79.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1349'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1349'>1349</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1287.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1350'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1350'>1350</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1307.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1351'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1351'>1351</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1317.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1352'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1352'>1352</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 122, 236, 269, 270.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1353'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1353'>1353</a>.  </span>Ibid. 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1354'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1354'>1354</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 340.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1355'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1355'>1355</a>.  </span>Ibid. 431.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1356'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1356'>1356</a>.  </span>Ibid. 422; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, p. 96.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1357'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1357'>1357</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 431.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1358'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1358'>1358</a>.  </span>Ibid. 796 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1359'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1359'>1359</a>.  </span>Ibid. 479, 732.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1360'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1360'>1360</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1313; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, p. 81.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1361'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1361'>1361</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1238; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_549'>549</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1362'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1362'>1362</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>VIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1363'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1363'>1363</a>.  </span>See above, chaps, <span class='fss'>III</span> and <span class='fss'>XII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1364'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1364'>1364</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 369 (4).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1365'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1365'>1365</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 425; <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 369 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1366'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1366'>1366</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 369 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1367'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1367'>1367</a>.  </span>Ibid. 339.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1368'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1368'>1368</a>.  </span>Ibid. 248.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1369'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1369'>1369</a>.  </span>Ibid. 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1370'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1370'>1370</a>.  </span>Ibid. 316, 369.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1371'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1371'>1371</a>.  </span>Ibid. 369.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1372'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1372'>1372</a>.  </span>Ibid. 339.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1373'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1373'>1373</a>.  </span>Yorks. Star Chamber Proc. (Yorks. Arch. Soc. Rec. Ser.), <span class='fss'>II</span>, no. lxxi.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1374'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1374'>1374</a>.  </span>T. Wright, Hist. of Halifax (ed. 1834), p. 21.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1375'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1375'>1375</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 9.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1376'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1376'>1376</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1158; printed in full, Wilson, op. cit., no. xxiii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1377'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1377'>1377</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 14.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1378'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1378'>1378</a>.  </span>Ibid. 22.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1379'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1379'>1379</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 77; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 551.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1380'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1380'>1380</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 100; printed in full, A Collection of Letters of Princes (ed. +Howard), p. 272.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1381'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1381'>1381</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 102, 249, 250.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1382'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1382'>1382</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 10, 69.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1383'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1383'>1383</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1384'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1384'>1384</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 332.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1385'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1385'>1385</a>.  </span>Ibid. 142.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1386'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1386'>1386</a>.  </span>Ibid. 142, 203.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1387'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1387'>1387</a>.  </span>Ibid. 142.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1388'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1388'>1388</a>.  </span>Ibid. 229; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, p. 91.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1389'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1389'>1389</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 1010.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1390'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1390'>1390</a>.  </span>State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 203; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>, 219.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1391'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1391'>1391</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 280; printed in full, Raine, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, App. p. clix.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1392'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1392'>1392</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1393'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1393'>1393</a>.  </span>Ibid. 588; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 101.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1394'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1394'>1394</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 741.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1395'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1395'>1395</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 772.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1396'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1396'>1396</a>.  </span>Ibid. 823, 878, 978, 979, 1076, 1242.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1397'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1397'>1397</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (2), 431.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1398'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1398'>1398</a>.  </span>Ibid. 781, f. 85 b.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1399'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1399'>1399</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XV</span>, 570, 618, 987; Nicolas, Proc. and Ord. of the Privy Council (Rec. +Com.), <span class='fss'>VII</span>, pp. 6, 7.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1400'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1400'>1400</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 229; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, p. 91.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1401'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1401'>1401</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 154–5, 254.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1402'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1402'>1402</a>.  </span>Ibid. 203.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1403'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1403'>1403</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1404'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1404'>1404</a>.  </span>Ibid. 248.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1405'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1405'>1405</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 229; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, p. 91.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1406'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1406'>1406</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 152.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1407'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1407'>1407</a>.  </span>Ibid. 238.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1408'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1408'>1408</a>.  </span>Ibid. 239.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1409'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1409'>1409</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 291.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1410'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1410'>1410</a>.  </span>Ibid. 291 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1411'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1411'>1411</a>.  </span>Ibid. 203.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1412'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1412'>1412</a>.  </span>Ibid. 332.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1413'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1413'>1413</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 346; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 94, and Scott’s History +of Berwick, p. 127.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1414'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1414'>1414</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 332, 370.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1415'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1415'>1415</a>.  </span>Ibid. 422, 430; 422 printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 96.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1416'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1416'>1416</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 479; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 99.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1417'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1417'>1417</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 590.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1418'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1418'>1418</a>.  </span>Ibid. 566, 590.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1419'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1419'>1419</a>.  </span>Ibid. 588; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 101.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1420'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1420'>1420</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 651.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1421'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1421'>1421</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 589.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1422'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1422'>1422</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1423'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1423'>1423</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 547.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1424'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1424'>1424</a>.  </span>Ibid. 588; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 101.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1425'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1425'>1425</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 422; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 96; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 537; +604, 642, 732; 828–9, printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 109–11; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 836, +865, 990.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1426'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1426'>1426</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 588; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 102; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), +590, 666; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 106.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1427'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1427'>1427</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 650; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 104.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1428'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1428'>1428</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 695, 732.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1429'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1429'>1429</a>.  </span>Ibid. 696; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 107.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1430'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1430'>1430</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 712; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>I</span>, <a href='https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77706/pg77706-images.html#Page_565'>565</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1431'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1431'>1431</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 732, 741.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1432'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1432'>1432</a>.  </span>Ibid. 772.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1433'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1433'>1433</a>.  </span>Ibid. 741.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1434'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1434'>1434</a>.  </span>Ibid. 746.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1435'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1435'>1435</a>.  </span>Ibid. 823.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1436'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1436'>1436</a>.  </span>Ibid. 828; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 109.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1437'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1437'>1437</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 839.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1438'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1438'>1438</a>.  </span>Dicey, The Privy Council, pt. <span class='fss'>III</span>, sect. <span class='fss'>III</span>, 2, c.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1439'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1439'>1439</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>III</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1440'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1440'>1440</a>.  </span>Prothero, Statutes and Constitutional Documents, 1559–1625, Introduction, <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1441'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1441'>1441</a>.  </span>Lapsley, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>VI</span>, sect. 35.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1442'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1442'>1442</a>.  </span>West Riding Sessions Rolls and Proc. in the Council of the North (Yorks. Arch. +Ass. Rec. Ser.), <span class='fss'>III</span>, pp. i-vi, 1–22.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1443'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1443'>1443</a>.  </span>Prothero, op. cit., Intro. <span class='fss'>V</span>, and Documents, Reign of James I, <span class='fss'>IV</span>, no. 3.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1444'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1444'>1444</a>.  </span>Lapsley, loc. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1445'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1445'>1445</a>.  </span>Prothero, op. cit., Intro. <span class='fss'>V</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1446'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1446'>1446</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 915; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 116.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1447'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1447'>1447</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 913, 914; 913 printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 112.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1448'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1448'>1448</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 102 (3); see above, chaps. <span class='fss'>XII</span> and <span class='fss'>XVII</span>, and Baildon, Monastic +Notes (Yorks. Arch. Soc. Rec. Ser.), <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 215.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1449'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1449'>1449</a>.  </span>Drake, Eboracum, bk <span class='fss'>I</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>VIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1450'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1450'>1450</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 915; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 116. See Brown, +Yorkshire Star Chamber Proc. (Yorks. Arch. Soc. Rec. Ser.), <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. vii n. and no. xxxix.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1451'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1451'>1451</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 915.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1452'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1452'>1452</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 517.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1453'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1453'>1453</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 955.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1454'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1454'>1454</a>.  </span>Ibid. 548.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1455'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1455'>1455</a>.  </span>Ibid. 229; printed in part, De Fonblanque, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>X</span>, and State Papers, +<span class='fss'>V</span>, 91.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1456'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1456'>1456</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 915; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 116; De Fonblanque, +loc. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1457'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1457'>1457</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 1016; printed in full, Merriman, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, no. 227.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1458'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1458'>1458</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 280; printed in full, Raine, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, Append. p. clix.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1459'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1459'>1459</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 915, 1077; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 116, 122.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1460'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1460'>1460</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 1077; printed in full, State Papers, <span class='fss'>V</span>, 123.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1461'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1461'>1461</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 829, 836, 865.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1462'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1462'>1462</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 753.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1463'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1463'>1463</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>II</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1464'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1464'>1464</a>.  </span>Haile, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>IX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1465'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1465'>1465</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1466'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1466'>1466</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 105.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1467'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1467'>1467</a>.  </span>Ibid. 88.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1468'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1468'>1468</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 507.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1469'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1469'>1469</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 249.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1470'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1470'>1470</a>.  </span>Ibid. 125, 429.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1471'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1471'>1471</a>.  </span>Ibid. 429.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1472'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1472'>1472</a>.  </span>Ibid. 367.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1473'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1473'>1473</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 429.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1474'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1474'>1474</a>.  </span>Ibid. 430.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1475'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1475'>1475</a>.  </span>Ibid. 429.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1476'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1476'>1476</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 507.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1477'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1477'>1477</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 368.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1478'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1478'>1478</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1479'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1479'>1479</a>.  </span>Ibid. 444.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1480'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1480'>1480</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 949.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1481'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1481'>1481</a>.  </span>Ibid. 817.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1482'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1482'>1482</a>.  </span>Ibid. 865.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1483'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1483'>1483</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1484'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1484'>1484</a>.  </span>Ibid. 931.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1485'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1485'>1485</a>.  </span>Ibid. 939.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1486'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1486'>1486</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 940.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1487'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1487'>1487</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1032.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1488'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1488'>1488</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1052.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1489'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1489'>1489</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1061.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1490'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1490'>1490</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1053, 1242, 1243.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1491'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1491'>1491</a>.  </span>Ibid. 996.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1492'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1492'>1492</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1220.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1493'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1493'>1493</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1135.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1494'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1494'>1494</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1220.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1495'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1495'>1495</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1293.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1496'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1496'>1496</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1242.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1497'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1497'>1497</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 26.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1498'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1498'>1498</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1293.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1499'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1499'>1499</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 128.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1500'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1500'>1500</a>.  </span>Ibid. 107.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1501'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1501'>1501</a>.  </span>Ibid. 71–3.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1502'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1502'>1502</a>.  </span>Ibid. 108.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1503'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1503'>1503</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 797.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1504'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1504'>1504</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XIII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1505'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1505'>1505</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 797.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1506'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1506'>1506</a>.  </span>See note A at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1507'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1507'>1507</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 797.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1508'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1508'>1508</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 804 (p. 315).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1509'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1509'>1509</a>.  </span>Ibid. 797.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1510'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1510'>1510</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 174.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1511'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1511'>1511</a>.  </span>Ibid. 559.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1512'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1512'>1512</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (1), 1242, 1243; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 71–3, 169, 310, 499, 559.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1513'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1513'>1513</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1514'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1514'>1514</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 310.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1515'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1515'>1515</a>.  </span>Ibid. 598.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1516'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1516'>1516</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 552.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1517'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1517'>1517</a>.  </span>Ibid. 619; printed in full, Merriman, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_82'>82</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1518'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1518'>1518</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 620; printed in full, Merriman, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, <a href='#Page_84'>84</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1519'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1519'>1519</a>.  </span>See note B at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1520'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1520'>1520</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 795.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1521'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1521'>1521</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 822.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1522'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1522'>1522</a>.  </span>Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XV</span>; see note C at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1523'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1523'>1523</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 765.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1524'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1524'>1524</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1525'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1525'>1525</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 318).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1526'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1526'>1526</a>.  </span>Ibid. (p. 319).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1527'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1527'>1527</a>.  </span>Ibid. 771 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1528'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1528'>1528</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 358, 371.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1529'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1529'>1529</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 804 (p. 319).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1530'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1530'>1530</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 961 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1531'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1531'>1531</a>.  </span>Ibid. 772.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1532'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1532'>1532</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 317).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1533'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1533'>1533</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 51.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1534'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1534'>1534</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1535'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1535'>1535</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 820.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1536'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1536'>1536</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 319).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1537'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1537'>1537</a>.  </span>Ibid. 702 (p. 269).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1538'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1538'>1538</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 317).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1539'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1539'>1539</a>.  </span>Ibid. 702, 876, 960; see note <a href='#D'>D</a> at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1540'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1540'>1540</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 702.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1541'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1541'>1541</a>.  </span>Ibid. 960.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1542'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1542'>1542</a>.  </span>Ibid. 800.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1543'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1543'>1543</a>.  </span>Ibid. 702, 875.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1544'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1544'>1544</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 318).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1545'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1545'>1545</a>.  </span>Ibid. 960 (12).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1546'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1546'>1546</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 316).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1547'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1547'>1547</a>.  </span>Ibid. (pp. 316–7).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1548'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1548'>1548</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 804 (p. 315).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1549'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1549'>1549</a>.  </span>Ibid. 797.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1550'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1550'>1550</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 316).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1551'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1551'>1551</a>.  </span>Ibid. 766.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1552'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1552'>1552</a>.  </span>Ibid. 702, 828 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1553'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1553'>1553</a>.  </span>Ibid. 828.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1554'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1554'>1554</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 921.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1555'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1555'>1555</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 804 (p. 317).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1556'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1556'>1556</a>.  </span>Ibid. 800.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1557'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1557'>1557</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 804 (p. 317).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1558'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1558'>1558</a>.  </span>Ibid. (p. 316).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1559'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1559'>1559</a>.  </span>Ibid. 800.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1560'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1560'>1560</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 315).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1561'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1561'>1561</a>.  </span>Ibid. 797.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1562'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1562'>1562</a>.  </span>Ibid. 829 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1563'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1563'>1563</a>.  </span>Ibid. 829 (i).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1564'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1564'>1564</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 319).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1565'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1565'>1565</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 829 (i).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1566'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1566'>1566</a>.  </span>Ibid. 818.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1567'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1567'>1567</a>.  </span>Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1568'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1568'>1568</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 41.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1569'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1569'>1569</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 1200.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1570'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1570'>1570</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 1185, 1205, 1208, 1256, 1282, 1298.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1571'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1571'>1571</a>.  </span>Gairdner, Introductions to Vols. <span class='fss'>XII</span> and <span class='fss'>XIII</span> of Letters and Papers; Froude, +Reign of Henry VIII, chaps. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>, <span class='fss'>XV</span> and <span class='fss'>XVI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1572'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1572'>1572</a>.  </span>Froude, op. cit., chaps. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> and <span class='fss'>XV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1573'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1573'>1573</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 1311.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1574'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1574'>1574</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1312–13; see note A at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1575'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1575'>1575</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 20.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1576'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1576'>1576</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 142.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1577'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1577'>1577</a>.  </span>See chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1578'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1578'>1578</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (1), 533, 705.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1579'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1579'>1579</a>.  </span>Ibid. 487.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1580'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1580'>1580</a>.  </span>See Froude, chaps. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> and <span class='fss'>XV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1581'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1581'>1581</a>.  </span>Haile, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>XII</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1582'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1582'>1582</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 117, 337, 507–9, 813, 1034.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1583'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1583'>1583</a>.  </span>Ibid. 507.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1584'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1584'>1584</a>.  </span>Ibid. 695 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1585'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1585'>1585</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 804 (p. 316).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1586'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1586'>1586</a>.  </span>See chap. <span class='fss'>IV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1587'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1587'>1587</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 817.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1588'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1588'>1588</a>.  </span>Ibid. 875 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1589'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1589'>1589</a>.  </span>Ibid. 817.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1590'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1590'>1590</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 316).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1591'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1591'>1591</a>.  </span>Ibid. 392.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1592'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1592'>1592</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 316).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1593'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1593'>1593</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 772.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1594'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1594'>1594</a>.  </span>Ibid. 829 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1595'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1595'>1595</a>.  </span>Ibid. 796.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1596'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1596'>1596</a>.  </span>Ibid. 829 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1597'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1597'>1597</a>.  </span>Ibid. 803.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1598'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1598'>1598</a>.  </span>Ibid. 797.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1599'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1599'>1599</a>.  </span>Ibid. 695.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1600'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1600'>1600</a>.  </span>Ibid. 829 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1601'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1601'>1601</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 316).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1602'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1602'>1602</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 829 (p. 339).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1603'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1603'>1603</a>.  </span>Ibid. 702 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1604'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1604'>1604</a>.  </span>Ibid. 779.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1605'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1605'>1605</a>.  </span>Ibid. 796.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1606'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1606'>1606</a>.  </span>Ibid. 232 (p. 91).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1607'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1607'>1607</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804 (p. 317).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1608'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1608'>1608</a>.  </span>Ibid. 796.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1609'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1609'>1609</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 695 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1610'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1610'>1610</a>.  </span>Ibid. 772.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1611'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1611'>1611</a>.  </span>Ibid. 703.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1612'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1612'>1612</a>.  </span>Moryson, An Invective against Treason.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1613'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1613'>1613</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 695 (2), 804.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1614'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1614'>1614</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 392.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1615'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1615'>1615</a>.  </span>Ibid. 592.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1616'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1616'>1616</a>.  </span>Ibid. 392.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1617'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1617'>1617</a>.  </span>Ibid. 393.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1618'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1618'>1618</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>, 19.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1619'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1619'>1619</a>.  </span>Spanish Chronicle, chap. <span class='fss'>LX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1620'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1620'>1620</a>.  </span>Moryson, op. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1621'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1621'>1621</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 743.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1622'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1622'>1622</a>.  </span>Ibid. 695 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1623'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1623'>1623</a>.  </span>Ibid. 804.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1624'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1624'>1624</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 828 (2).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1625'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1625'>1625</a>.  </span>Ibid. 702.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1626'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1626'>1626</a>.  </span>Ibid. 800.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1627'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1627'>1627</a>.  </span>Ibid. 753.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1628'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1628'>1628</a>.  </span>Ibid. 822, 827, 828–9.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1629'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1629'>1629</a>.  </span>Ibid. 884.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1630'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1630'>1630</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 771 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1631'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1631'>1631</a>.  </span>See chap. <span class='fss'>II</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1632'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1632'>1632</a>.  </span>Froude, op. cit. <span class='fss'>II</span>, chap. <span class='fss'>XV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1633'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1633'>1633</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 233, 280.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1634'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1634'>1634</a>.  </span>Stubbs, op. cit. <span class='fss'>III</span>, section 463.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1635'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1635'>1635</a>.  </span>Gee and Hardy, op. cit. no. lvii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1636'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1636'>1636</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 772, 804 (p. 319).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1637'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1637'>1637</a>.  </span>Ibid. 827 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1638'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1638'>1638</a>.  </span>Ibid. 829 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1639'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1639'>1639</a>.  </span>Ibid.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1640'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1640'>1640</a>.  </span>Ibid. 830 (p. 341).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1641'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1641'>1641</a>.  </span>Ibid. 829 (p. 339).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1642'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1642'>1642</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 340, 416.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1643'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1643'>1643</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 961 (1); see above chap. <span class='fss'>XIX</span>, note D.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1644'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1644'>1644</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XII</span> (2), 802.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1645'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1645'>1645</a>.  </span>Trans. of the Royal Historical Society, New Series, Vol. <span class='fss'>XVIII</span> (1904); D. A. Cheney, +Holy Maid of Kent, pp. 117–8 (n.).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1646'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1646'>1646</a>.  </span>See above, chap. <span class='fss'>II</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1647'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1647'>1647</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 702.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1648'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1648'>1648</a>.  </span>Ibid. 979 (15).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1649'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1649'>1649</a>.  </span>Ibid. 979.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1650'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1650'>1650</a>.  </span>Ibid. 982.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1651'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1651'>1651</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1062.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1652'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1652'>1652</a>.  </span>Ibid. 968.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1653'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1653'>1653</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 979 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1654'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1654'>1654</a>.  </span>Ibid. 979 (7).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1655'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1655'>1655</a>.  </span>Ibid. 979 (19).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1656'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1656'>1656</a>.  </span>Moryson, An Invective against Treason.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1657'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1657'>1657</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 986, 987.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1658'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1658'>1658</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span>, p. 92; L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 1056.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1659'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1659'>1659</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1163.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1660'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1660'>1660</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 37 (p. 19).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1661'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1661'>1661</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 875 (1).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1662'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1662'>1662</a>.  </span>Ibid. 855 (2); copied from original at the R. O.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1663'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1663'>1663</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 818.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1664'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1664'>1664</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 835.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1665'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1665'>1665</a>.  </span>Ibid. 835, 838 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1666'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1666'>1666</a>.  </span>Ibid. 817 (p. 326).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1667'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1667'>1667</a>.  </span>Ibid. 797 (ii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1668'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1668'>1668</a>.  </span>Ibid. 855.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1669'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1669'>1669</a>.  </span>Ibid. 818 (21).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1670'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1670'>1670</a>.  </span>Ibid. 818 (19).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1671'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1671'>1671</a>.  </span>Ibid. 875.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1672'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1672'>1672</a>.  </span>Ibid. 818 (5).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1673'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1673'>1673</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 855.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1674'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1674'>1674</a>.  </span>Ibid. 979 (5).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1675'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1675'>1675</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1036; see note B at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1676'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1676'>1676</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 820 (iii).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1677'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1677'>1677</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 466.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1678'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1678'>1678</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 1162.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1679'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1679'>1679</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1163.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1680'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1680'>1680</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1112.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1681'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1681'>1681</a>.  </span>Ibid. 821, 822, 829.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1682'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1682'>1682</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1117.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1683'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1683'>1683</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 37 (p. 18).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1684'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1684'>1684</a>.  </span>Ibid. Introduction, pp. i-iv.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1685'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1685'>1685</a>.  </span>Ibid. 37.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1686'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1686'>1686</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 280.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1687'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1687'>1687</a>.  </span>Ibid. 37.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1688'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1688'>1688</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>V</span>, 238, 340.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1689'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1689'>1689</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 37.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1690'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1690'>1690</a>.  </span>Ibid. 290.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1691'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1691'>1691</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 830; see note C at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1692'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1692'>1692</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 290.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1693'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1693'>1693</a>.  </span>Wriothesley, op. cit. <span class='fss'>I</span> (p. 93).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1694'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1694'>1694</a>.  </span>Hall’s Chronicle, Ann. 1539.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1695'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1695'>1695</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 37.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1696'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1696'>1696</a>.  </span>Ibid. 498.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1697'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1697'>1697</a>.  </span>Ibid. 37.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1698'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1698'>1698</a>.  </span>Moryson, “An Invective against treason.”</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1699'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1699'>1699</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 280.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1700'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1700'>1700</a>.  </span>Moryson, op. cit.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1701'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1701'>1701</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 191 (3).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1702'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1702'>1702</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (2), 212.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1703'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1703'>1703</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 217.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1704'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1704'>1704</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 520.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1705'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1705'>1705</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 867 (15).</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1706'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1706'>1706</a>.  </span>Parl. Roll 1539, R. O.; see note D at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1707'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1707'>1707</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (1), 980.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1708'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1708'>1708</a>.  </span>Froude, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1709'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1709'>1709</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIV</span> (2), 287, 554.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1710'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1710'>1710</a>.  </span>See above.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1711'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1711'>1711</a>.  </span>Everett Wood, op. cit. <span class='fss'>III</span>, no. xlii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1712'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1712'>1712</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XV</span>, 487.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1713'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1713'>1713</a>.  </span>Everett Wood, op. cit. <span class='fss'>III</span>, no. xlii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1714'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1714'>1714</a>.  </span>Hall’s Chronicle.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1715'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1715'>1715</a>.  </span>Everett Wood, op. cit. <span class='fss'>III</span>, no. xlii.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1716'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1716'>1716</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>, 941; printed in part, Correspondance de Castillon (ed. Kaulek), +no. 350.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1717'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1717'>1717</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>, 868.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1718'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1718'>1718</a>.  </span>Ibid. 897.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1719'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1719'>1719</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XV</span>, 487.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1720'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1720'>1720</a>.  </span>Haile, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1721'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1721'>1721</a>.  </span>See note D at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1722'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1722'>1722</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>, 897.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1723'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1723'>1723</a>.  </span>Ibid. 1011; printed in part, Correspondance de Castillon (ed. Kaulek), no. 351.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1724'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1724'>1724</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XVII</span>, 880, f. 23 b, f. 29, f. 43 b.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1725'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1725'>1725</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>, 19.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1726'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1726'>1726</a>.  </span>Spanish Chron. (ed. Hume), preface.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1727'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1727'>1727</a>.  </span>See note E at end of chapter.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1728'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1728'>1728</a>.  </span>Spanish Chron. (ed. Hume), chap. <span class='fss'>LX</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1729'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1729'>1729</a>.  </span>Haile, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>XIV</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1730'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1730'>1730</a>.  </span>English Hist. Rev. <span class='fss'>XXVIII</span>, 528.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1731'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1731'>1731</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XIII</span> (2), 1036.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1732'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1732'>1732</a>.  </span>L. and P. <span class='fss'>XV</span>, 498 <span class='fss'>II</span>.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1733'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1733'>1733</a>.  </span>Spanish Cal. 1547–9, p. 188.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1734'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1734'>1734</a>.  </span>Hume, op. cit. preface.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1735'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1735'>1735</a>.  </span>D.N.B.</p> +</div> +<div class='footnote' id='f1736'> +<p class='c022'><span class='label'><a href='#r1736'>1736</a>.  </span>Pollard, op. cit. chap. <span class='fss'>XVI</span>.</p> +</div> + +<div class='pbb'> + <hr class='pb c002'> +</div> +<div class='tnotes x-ebookmaker'> + +<div class='chapter ph2'> + +<div class='nf-center-c1'> +<div class='nf-center c023'> + <div>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES</div> + </div> +</div> + +</div> + + <ul class='ul_1 c003'> + <li>Fixed typos; non-standard spelling and dialect retained. + + </li> + <li>Renumbered footnotes and moved them all to the end of the final chapter. + </li> + </ul> + +</div> +<div style='text-align:center'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 78639 ***</div> +</body> +<!-- created with ppgen.py 3.57i (with regex) on 2026-05-09 20:28:27 GMT --> +</html> diff --git a/78639-h/images/cover.jpg b/78639-h/images/cover.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..b634eff --- /dev/null +++ b/78639-h/images/cover.jpg diff --git a/78639-h/images/i_colophon.jpg b/78639-h/images/i_colophon.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..11ad2f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/78639-h/images/i_colophon.jpg |
