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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 77729 ***
+
+
+ Transcriber’s Notes
+
+ Texts printed in italics, bold face or blackletter have been
+ transcribed between _underscores_, =equal signs= and ~tildes~
+ respectively. Small capitals have been transcribed as ALL CAPITALS.
+
+
+[Illustration: U. S. Frigate UNITED STATES, under full sail.]
+
+
+
+
+ THE
+ KEDGE-ANCHOR;
+ OR,
+ YOUNG SAILORS’ ASSISTANT.
+
+ APPERTAINING TO THE PRACTICAL EVOLUTIONS OF MODERN SEAMANSHIP,
+ RIGGING, KNOTTING, SPLICING, BLOCKS, PURCHASES, RUNNING-RIGGING,
+ AND OTHER MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS, APPLICABLE
+ TO SHIPS OF WAR AND OTHERS.
+
+ ~Illustrated with Seventy Engravings.~
+
+ ALSO,
+
+ TABLES OF RIGGING, SPARS, SAILS, BLOCKS, CANVASS, CORDAGE, CHAIN AND
+ HEMP CABLES, HAWSERS, &c., &c., RELATIVE TO EVERY CLASS OF VESSELS.
+
+ BY WILLIAM BRADY, SAILING MASTER, U. S. N.
+
+ SIXTH EDITION.
+
+ IMPROVED AND ENLARGED, WITH ADDITIONAL MATTER, PLATES, AND TABLES.
+
+ NEW YORK:
+ PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR.
+
+ SOLD AT R. L. SHAW’S NAUTICAL STORE, NO. 222 WATER ST., AND THE
+ PRINCIPAL NAUTICAL AND STATIONERS’ STORES THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES.
+
+ 1852.
+
+
+ Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year 1847.
+ BY WILLIAM BRADY,
+ in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court for the Southern District
+ of New York
+
+
+ DEDICATED
+ TO THE
+ UNITED STATES’ NAVY
+ AND
+ MERCHANT SERVICE.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+In offering the following work to the public, the author deems no
+apology necessary, as it was written for the use of the Naval and
+Merchant Service of the United States, as a ready means of introducing
+Young Sailors to the theory of that art by which they must expect
+to advance in the profession they have chosen. He flatters himself,
+however, that it will be found useful to many old and experienced
+seamen, as well as to those who have just entered the sailors’ life,
+and particularly to those destined for the Navy. Should it fall into
+the hands of the learned, they will bear in mind that he is better
+versed with the marlinespike than the pen, and that it was composed in
+the hours of relaxation from official duties. He therefore hopes that
+it may be received for that which it is intended to be, A KEDGE-ANCHOR,
+for the youthful sailor. The work has been submitted to the inspection
+of a number of experienced officers, both in the Navy and Merchant
+Service, who have given it their decided approbation;--some of whose
+names are appended to the work. With these few remarks, he submits it
+to a discerning public, to stand or fall on its own merits.
+
+[Illustration: W.M. Brady, Master
+
+“U.S.N.”]
+
+
+
+
+RECOMMENDATIONS.
+
+
+I have examined the manuscript of Mr. Brady and approve of it, as
+a very useful Book for young officers and others, in the Naval and
+Merchant service.
+
+ JOHN GALLAGHER, _Captain U. S. Navy_.
+
+I fully concur in the above.
+
+ E. PECK, _Commander U. S. Navy_.
+
+I have examined the within treatise on Seamanship, and other
+miscellaneous matter appertaining to ships and vessels of war (written
+by William Brady, Master U. S. Navy). It affords me much pleasure to
+recommend the same to the junior officers of the Navy, and others who
+may be disposed to learn the profession of Seamanship.
+
+ W. C. WETMORE, _Commander U. S. Navy_.
+
+Examined and approved as a work that will be useful to the Service.
+
+ J. D. L. SAUNDERS, _Commander U. S. Navy_.
+ J. MATTISON, _Commander U. S. Navy_.
+
+This I conceive to be a valuable work, and well calculated to be useful
+to the Service.
+
+ JOSHUA R. SANDS, _Commander U. S. Navy_.
+
+I have closely examined the within work, and think it well calculated
+for the instruction of young officers and others in the Navy.
+
+ JAMES RENSHAW, _Captain U. S. Navy_.
+
+I fully concur in the above.
+
+ FRANCIS O. ELLISON, _Master U. S. Navy_.
+
+I have carefully examined the within work on Seamanship, and think it
+one well calculated for the instruction of young officers, and others.
+
+ C. G. HUNTER, _Lieutenant U. S. Navy_.
+
+We cheerfully recommend this work of William Brady, S. Master U. S.
+Navy, to the maritime community, and think it well calculated for the
+instruction of all who may be disposed to learn the profession of
+Seamanship.
+
+ ISAAC McKEEVER, Captain U. S. Navy.
+ JAMES McINTOSH, Commander U. S. Navy.
+ WILLIAM L. HUDSON, Commander U. S. Navy.
+ HENRY EAGLE, Commander U. S. Navy.
+ A. G. GORDON, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ CADWALDER RINGGOLD, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ WILLIAM F. LYNCH, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ HENRY W. MORRIS, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ FRANCIS B. ELLISON, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ JAMES H. ROWAN, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ JOHN COLHOUN, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ T. TURNER, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ T. A. HUNT, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ HENRY MOORE, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ JOHN J. GLASSON, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ CHARLES HEYWOOD, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ CHARLES S. BOGGS, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ ALEXANDER GIBSON, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ ALEXANDER M. PENNOCK, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ MONTGOMERY HUNT, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ FRANCIS HAGGERTY, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+ J. R. McMULLANY, Lieutenant U. S. Navy.
+
+ CAPT. HENRY D. HUNTER, Commanding U. S. Rev. Steamer Polk.
+ JOHN McGOWAN, 1st Lieutenant U. S. Rev. Marine.
+ WILLIAM H. BROWN, Lieutenant U. S. Rev. Marine.
+ JOSEPH C. NOYES, Lieutenant U. S. Rev. Marine.
+ CAPT. E. RICHARDSON, President American Seamen Friend Society.
+ CAPT. AUGUSTUS PROAL, Reviewer of the Work.
+
+ CAPT. SAMUEL YEATON, Commanding Packet ship Oxford.
+ CAPT. D. G. BAILEY, Commanding Packet ship Yorkshire.
+ CAPT. GEORGE B. CORNISH, Commanding Packet ship Sheridan.
+ CAPT. E. G. FURBER, Commanding Packet ship Europe.
+ CAPT. A. B. LOWBER, Commanding Packet ship Montezuma.
+ CAPT. J. A. WOTTEN, Commanding Packet ship Admiral.
+ CAPT. JOSEPH HAMILTON, Commanding Packet ship So. Carolina.
+ CAPT. CHARLES R. GRIFFITH, Commanding Ship Southport.
+ CAPT. JAMES RENNE, Commanding Ship Gondola.
+ CAPT. IRA BURSLEY, Commanding Ship Hottenger.
+ CAPT. GEORGE W. HOWE, Commanding Packet ship Bavaria.
+
+[Illustration: United States’ Ship-of-the-Line OHIO.]
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+ PART I.
+
+ Number. Page.
+ 1. To knot a Rope-Yarn, 21
+ 2. To make a Fox, 21
+ 3. To make a Spanish Fox, 21
+ 4. To make a Knittle, 22
+ 5. Overhanded Knot, 22
+ 6. Figure of Eight-Knot, 22
+ 7. Two Half-Hitches, 22
+ 8. Reef or Square Knot, 22
+ 9. A Bowline Knot, 22
+ 10. Bowline on the Bight, 23
+ 11. A Running Bowline, 23
+ 12. A Timber-Hitch, 23
+ 13. A Fisherman’s Bend, 23
+ 14. A Rolling Bend, 23
+ 15. A Carrick Bend, 23
+ 16. A Cat’s-Paw, 24
+ 17. A Sheet or Becket Bend, 24
+ 18. A Black-Wall Hitch, 24
+ 19. A Rolling Hitch, 25
+ 20. A Salvagee Strap, 25
+ 21. A Pudding for a Mast or Yard, 25
+ 22. A Short Splice, 25
+ 23. A Long Splice, 26
+ 24. An Eye Splice, 26
+ 25. A Cut Splice, 27
+ 26. A Flemish Eye, 27
+ 27. An Artificial Eye, 27
+ 28. To worm and serve a Rope, 27
+ 29. To clap on a Throat and Quarter Seizing, 28
+ 30. To make a Turk’s Head, 28
+ 31. To Sheepshank a Rope or Backstay, 29
+ 32. To put a Strand in a Rope, 29
+ 33. To Wall and Crown, 29
+ 34. To make a Mathew Walker, 29
+ 35. A Spritsail Sheet Knot, 30
+ 36. A Shroud-Knot, 30
+ 37. A French Shroud Knot, 30
+ 38. A single Diamond Knot, 30
+ 39. A double Diamond Knot, 31
+ 40. A Stopper Knot, 31
+ 41. A Buoy-rope Knot, 31
+ 42. A Common Sennit, 31
+ 43. A Sea Gasket, 31
+ 44. A Panch or Wrought Mat, 32
+ 45. A Harbor Gasket or French Sennit, 32
+ 46. Pointing a Rope, 32
+ 47. To make a Grommet, 33
+ 48. To pass a Rose-Lashing, 33
+ 49. To weave a Sword Mat, 33
+ 50. A Lashing Cleat, 34
+ 51. A Shell, Pin and Sheave, 34
+ 52. A Single, Double and Treble Block, 34
+ 53. A Shoulder Block, 34
+ 54. A Fiddle Block, 35
+ 55. A Shoe Block, 35
+ 56. A Sister Block, 35
+ 57. A Dead-Eye, 35
+ 58. A Heart, 36
+ 59. A Belaying-pin Rack, 36
+ 60. A Euphroe, 36
+ 61. A Horn Cleat, 36
+ 62. A B-Cleat, 36
+ 63. A Strap for a Block, 36
+ 64. A Tail Block, 37
+ 65. A Purchase Block, 37
+ 66. A Top Block, 37
+ 67. A Cat Block, 38
+ 68. A Snatch Block, 38
+ 69. A Nun Buoy, 38
+ 70. To bend a Buoy-Rope, 38
+ 71. To Pudding the Ring of an Anchor, 39
+ 72. A Jacob’s Ladder, 39
+ 73. Can-Hooks, 40
+ 74. Hogshead Slings, 40
+ 75. Barrel Slings, 40
+ 76. A Single Whip, 40
+ 77. A Gun-Tackle Purchase, 41
+ 78. A Luff-Tackle Purchase, 41
+ 79. A Top Burton, 41
+ 80. Whip and Runner, 41
+ 81. Runner and Tackle, 41
+ 82. A Twofold Purchase, 41
+ 83. A Threefold Purchase, 42
+ 84. Names of Ropes, 42
+
+
+ PART II.
+
+ 85. Launching a Ship, 43
+ 86. Cutting out Standing Rigging, 44
+ 87. Cutting out Topmast and Top-gallant Rigging, 45
+ 88. Cutting out Breast and Standing Back-stays, 45
+ 89. Cutting out Catharpen Legs and Futtock Shrouds, 46
+ 90. Cutting out Fore and Aft Stays, 46
+ 91. Cutting out Lower Mast Head Pendants, 46
+ 92. Cutting out Bobstays, 46
+ 93. Cutting out Bowsprit Shrouds, 47
+ 94. Cutting out Jib and Flying Jib Guys, 47
+ 95. Cutting out Running Rigging, 47
+ 96. Rigging Shears and taking in Masts and Bowsprit, 47
+ 97. To take in the Mizen Mast, 50
+ 98. To take in the Main and Foremast, 51
+ 99. To take in the Bowsprit, 51
+ 100. Gammoning the Bowsprit, 52
+ 101. Fitting Rigging, 53
+ 102. Fitting Mast-head Pendants, 54
+ 103. Fitting Lower and Topmast Stays, 54
+ 104. To Rig the Foremast, 55
+ 105. Futtock Shrouds, 57
+ 106. To Rig the Main and Mizen Mast, 58
+ 107. To Rig the Bowsprit, 58
+ 108. Getting Tops over (whole Tops,) 59
+ 109. Getting Half-tops over, 60
+ 110. Getting up Top-blocks, 61
+ 111. Getting up Top-masts, 61
+ 112. Getting the Cap into the Top, 62
+ 113. Turning in Dead-eyes, 63
+ 114. Getting Topmast Cross-trees over, 64
+ 115. Placing Topmast Rigging, 65
+ 116. To seize-in the Sister Blocks, 65
+ 117. Backstays (Breast), 66
+ 118. Standing After Backstays, 67
+ 119. Main Topmast Stay, 67
+ 120. Mizen Topmast Stay, 67
+ 121. Getting the Topmast Caps on, 68
+ 122. Mast-head Man-ropes, &c., &c., 68
+ 123. Top-Tackle Pendants, 69
+ 124. Preparing to Fid the Topmasts, 69
+ 125. Rattling the Lower and Topmast Rigging, 70
+ 126. Futtock Staves in Topmast Rigging, 71
+ 127. To Rig the Jib-Boom, 71
+ 128. Jib-Boom Martingale Stay, 72
+ 129. Jib-Boom Guys, 72
+ 130. Martingale Back-ropes, 73
+ 131. Placing the Rigging on a Dolphin Striker, 73
+ 132. Getting the Jib-Boom out, 73
+ 133. Sending up Topgallant Masts, 74
+ 134. Royal Rigging, 75
+ 135. Short and Long Topgallant Mast Ropes, 76
+ 136. To Rig the Flying Jib-Boom, 76
+ 137. Spritsail Lifts, 77
+ 138. Spritsail Braces, 77
+ 139. Strapping Thimbles for Guys on Spritsail yard, 77
+ 140. Crossing a Spritsail Yard, 78
+ 141. Two Half-spritsail Yards, 78
+ 142. Whiskers, 79
+ 143. To get on board and rig Lower Yards, 79
+ 144. Truss Straps, 80
+ 145. Truss Pendants, 80
+ 146. Quarter Blocks--Lower Yards, 80
+ 147. Clew Garnet Blocks, 81
+ 148. Lift Blocks--Lower Yards, 81
+ 149. Foot Ropes and Stirrups, 81
+ 150. Jack Stays--Bending and Reefing, 82
+ 151. Brace Blocks--Lower Yards, 82
+ 152. Placing the Rigging on Lower yards, 83
+ 153. Getting up Jeer Blocks and Reeving Jeers, 84
+ 154. Lower Lift Blocks, 84
+ 155. Reeving Lower Lifts, 85
+ 156. Main Braces, on Bumkin, &c., 85
+ 157. Fore Braces, 85
+ 158. Crossing the Lower Yards, 86
+ 159. To get on board the Topsail Yards, 86
+ 160. Rigging Topsail Yards, Fore and Main, 86
+ 161. The Mizen-Topsail Yard, 88
+ 162. Placing the Rigging on Topsail Yards, 88
+ 163. Crossing the Topsail Yards, 88
+ 164. Fitting Fly-Blocks for Topsail-Halliards, 89
+ 165. Rigging Topgallant Yards, 90
+ 166. Topgallant Braces, 91
+ 167. Crossing Topgallant Yards, 92
+ 168. Crossing Royal Yards, 93
+ 169. Royal and Topgallant Gear, 94
+ 170. Spanker-Boom, Trysail-Masts and Gaff, 94
+ 171. Spanker-Boom Sheets and Guys in one, 95
+ 172. Spanker-Boom Topping Lifts, 95
+ 173. A Brig or Schooner’s Main-Boom, 96
+ 174. Reeving Peak-Halliards, 96
+ 175. Reeving Throat-Halliards, 96
+ 176. To Fit Single Vangs, 96
+ 177. To Fit Double Vangs, 97
+ 178. Fitting Gaffs with Cheek or Brail-Blocks, 97
+ 179. Getting up a Gaff, 97
+ 180. Lower Studding-sail or Swinging-Booms, 98
+ 181. Lower Studding-sail Outhaul-Blocks, &c., &c., 99
+ 182. Topmast Studding-sail, Span-Blocks, Halliards, &c., 100
+ 183. Topgallant Studding-sail Booms, 101
+ 184. Getting Studding-sail Booms up, 101
+ 185. Topgallant Studding-sail Gear, 102
+ 186. Stowing Hold and Spirit Room (Ballast and Tanks), 103
+ 187. Stowing Casks, 104
+ 188. Stowage of Provisions and Naval Stores, 104
+ 189. Stowing Chain Cables, 105
+ 190. To get on Board and Stow the Hemp Cables, 105
+ 191. Cat-head Stoppers, 106
+ 192. Shank Painter, 106
+ 193. Fish Davit Gear, 106
+ 194. Getting on Board and Stowing Anchors, 108
+ 195. Bending the Cables, 109
+ 196. To Range and Stopper the Cables, 109
+ 197. Stoppers, &c., 110
+ 198. Compressors, or Combing Stoppers, 110
+ 199. Putting on Nippers, 111
+ 200. Iron Claw Stoppers, &c., 111
+ 201. To Cut and Pass a Messenger, 112
+ 202. Splicing Rope Cables, 112
+ 203. To Ship and Unship a Rudder, 113
+ 204. Getting the Guns on Board, 114
+ 205. Fitting Shackle Breechings, 116
+ 206. Triatic Stay, 116
+ 207. Hoisting in Spars, 117
+ 208. Stowing Booms, 117
+
+
+ PART III.
+
+ 209. Fore Bowlines, 119
+ 210. Fore Topsail Clewlines, 119
+ 211. Topsail Buntlines, 120
+ 212. Fore-Top Bowlines, 120
+ 213. Main Buntlines, 120
+ 214. Fore Buntlines, 121
+ 215. Main Bowline, 121
+ 216. Top-Gallant Sheets, 121
+ 217. Top-Gallant Clewlines, 122
+ 218. Fore Topgallant Bowlines, 122
+ 219. Main Topgallant Bowlines, 122
+ 220. Mizen Topgallant Bowlines, 122
+ 221. Topgallant Buntlines, 123
+ 222. Royal Bowlines, 123
+ 223. Reef-Tackles, 123
+ 224. Leech-lines, 124
+ 225. Slab-lines, 124
+ 226. Royal Clew-lines, 124
+ 227. Fitting Tacks and Sheets, Bumkin, Gear, &c., 125
+ 228. Yard-Tackle Tricing-lines, 125
+ 229. To Reeve and Toggle Royal Halliards, 125
+ 230. Fore-Storm Staysail Gear, 126
+ 231. Main-Staysail Gear, 127
+ 232. Mizen-Staysail Gear, 127
+ 233. Topmast Staysails, &c. &c., 128
+ 234. Setting up Rigging for a full due, 129
+ 235. Staying Masts, 130
+ 236. Blacking Rigging, 130
+ 237. Stationing the Crew, 131
+ 238. Stationing the Crew at Quarters, 132
+ 239. Stationing the Crew for Mooring and Unmooring, 133
+ 240. Loosing and Furling, 133
+ 241. Stationing the Crew for Tacking and Veering, 134
+ 242. Getting ready to Bend Sails, 134
+ 243. Bending Sails, 135
+ 244. Bending Small-sails, 136
+ 245. Bending a Spanker, &c., 137
+ 246. Fitting Sea-Gaskets, 138
+ 247. Fitting Harbor-Gaskets, 138
+ 248. Bunt-Gaskets, 139
+ 249. Hammock Girtlines, 139
+ 250. Stopping on Hammocks, 140
+ 251. Furling or Stowing, the Bunt of a Sail, 140
+ 252. Furling Courses, 140
+ 253. Making up Sails, 141
+ 254. To make up a Topmast Studding-sail, 142
+ 255. Furling Fore and Aft Sails, with cloths or covers, 142
+ 256. Reefing Courses, &c.,--Jackstays, 143
+ 257. Reef Earings, 143
+ 258. Bending Studding-sails, 144
+ 259. Preparations for leaving the Wharf, and hauling out in the
+ Stream, 145
+ 260. Carrying out an Anchor with a Boat, 146
+ 261. Marking the Lead-line, 146
+ 262. Heaving the Lead, 147
+ 263. Marking a Log-line, 148
+ 264. Getting ready for Sea, 148
+ 265. Clear Hawse, 149
+ 266. Weighing an Anchor with the Launch, 150
+ 267. Weighing an Anchor with a Buoy Rope, 151
+ 268. Boating an Anchor, 152
+ 269. Taking in a Launch, 152
+ 270. Taking in Boats both sides at once, 153
+
+
+ PART IV.
+
+ 271. Getting under-weigh, 154
+ 272. When the Messenger Strands, or is likely to part, 155
+ 273. To get under-weigh, and stand before the Wind, 156
+ 274. To get under-weigh and back a-stern to avoid danger, 157
+ 275. Getting under-weigh--a Shoal on each Beam, 157
+ 276. Getting under-weigh in a Narrow Channel, 158
+ 277. Head to Wind--cast on Larboard Tack, 159
+ 278. Windward Tide--get under-weigh and stand before the wind, 159
+ 279. To get under-weigh, and stand out on a wind, 160
+ 280. Riding head to Tide--wind on the Starboard Quarter, get
+ under-weigh on the Starboard Tack, 161
+ 281. Getting under-weigh--wind across the Tide, 161
+ 282. To back and fill in a Tideway, 162
+ 283. Driving before the Wind, 162
+ 284. Driving broadside-to, 163
+ 285. Securing the Ship for Sea, 163
+ 286. Stowing the Anchors for Sea, 163
+ 287. Setting Topgallant sails--blowing fresh, 164
+ 288. Setting Courses, 164
+ 289. Setting the Spanker, 165
+ 290. Setting the Jib, 165
+ 291. Setting Lower Studding-sails, 166
+ 292. Shifting a Course at Sea, 166
+ 293. Taking in a Course in a Gale of Wind, 167
+ 294. Taking in a Topsail in a Gale of Wind, 167
+ 295. Taking in a Topgallant Sail, 168
+ 296. Taking in a Spanker, 168
+ 297. Setting a Close-reefed Topsail, 168
+ 298. A Close-reefed Topsail Splits, 168
+ 299. A Jib Splits, 169
+ 300. Wearing a Ship under a Close-reefed Main-Topsail, and
+ Storm-staysail, 169
+ 301. Wearing under a Main-sail, 170
+ 302. Wearing under Bare Poles, 170
+ 303. Cutting away the Masts, 170
+ 304. Laying-to under Lower Stay-sails--Wear Ship, 170
+
+
+ PART V.
+
+ 305. Precautions for Scudding, 171
+ 306. Scudding--a Ship Broaches-to, 172
+ 307. Scudding--brought by the Lee, 172
+ 308. Heaving-to, 173
+ 309. Taking in a Lower Studding-sail--blowing fresh, 173
+ 310. To unbend a Topsail in a gale of wind, 174
+ 311. Securing in a Gale, 174
+ 312. Preparations for a Hurricane at Sea, 175
+ 313. Preparations for a Hurricane, at Anchor, and Notes on
+ Barometer, 175
+ 314. The Foremast is carried away, 178
+ 315. To Rig a Jury Mast, 178
+ 316. Accidents to Tiller in the event of losing a Mast, 178
+ 317. The Mainmast is carried away, 179
+ 318. The Bowsprit is carried away, 179
+ 319. A Topmast is carried away, 179
+ 320. The Jib-Boom is carried away, 179
+ 321. The Foremast is sprung near the Hounds, or Bibbs, 180
+ 322. The Foremast and Bowsprit are carried away, 180
+ 323. The Bowsprit is Sprung, 180
+ 324. A Topmast is Sprung near the Lower Cap, 181
+ 325. To send aloft a Topmast, and a heavy Sea on, 181
+ 326. The Gammoning carried away, 181
+ 327. A Lower Cap splits, 181
+ 328. The Trestle-trees are Sprung, 182
+ 329. A Lower Yard is carried away in the Slings, 182
+ 330. A Topsail Yard is carried away, 182
+ 331. The Ship leaks faster than the Pumps can free her, 183
+ 332. The Pumps are choked, 183
+ 333. A Shot gets loose in a Gun secured for a Gale, 183
+ 334. To throw a Lower-deck Gun overboard, 184
+
+
+ PART VI.
+
+ 335. To turn Reefs out of the Topsails and Courses, 185
+ 336. The Rudder is carried away--to fit another, 185
+ 337. A Ship on fire at Sea, 186
+ 338. A Ship on her beam ends, 187
+ 339. Wind free, all sail set, struck by a Squall, 187
+ 340. Struck by a Squall on a Lee Shore, 187
+ 341. Struck by a Squall under whole Topsails and Courses, 188
+ 342. On a wind under whole Topsails--part the weather Main Topsail
+ brace, 188
+ 343. The Jib Downhaul parts, 188
+ 344. To Chase, 188
+ 345. To Chase to Windward, 189
+ 346. Observations for a Ship to Windward that is chased, 189
+ 347. To Chase to Leeward, 190
+ 348. To Windward of an enemy within pistol-shot--the weather main
+ rigging is shot away, both ships with main Topsails to the
+ mast, 190
+ 349. Wind on the Quarter, all sail set--bring by under
+ double-reefed Topsails, 191
+ 350. Wind on the Quarter, all sail set--bring to on the other
+ Tack, under double-reefed Topsails, 191
+ 351. How to get the Anchor off the Bows, 191
+ 352. Anchor head to wind, wind free, 192
+ 353. To Anchor on a Lee Shore, 192
+ 354. Scudding under a Foresail--to come to an Anchor, 193
+ 355. To make a Flying moor, 193
+ 356. To Moor with a long scope of chain, 194
+ 357. Blowing Fresh--in Port, 194
+ 358. Send down Lower Yards, 194
+ 359. To House Topmasts, 195
+ 360. To back a Bower by a Stream, 195
+ 361. To Sweep for an Anchor, 195
+ 362. Preparations for leaving Harbor, 196
+ 363. Weighing Anchor in a head Sea, 196
+ 364. Casting or Cutting the Cable, 196
+ 365. Clinching Cables, 197
+ 366. Fitting Buoy-Ropes, 197
+ 367. Jib-Halliards, with a Whip, 197
+ 368. Jib-Sheets, double, 198
+ 369. Wrecked in a Gale, 198
+ 370. Setting up Rigging at Sea, 199
+ 371. Slacking the Jib-stay in bad weather, 200
+ 372. Stopping out Top-Gallant Yard Ropes, 200
+ 373. Preventer Braces, 200
+ 374. Keeping a Clear Anchor, 201
+ 375. Anchor turning in the ground, 201
+ 376. To tend to a weather Tide, 201
+ 377. A Man overboard (at sea), 202
+ 378. Jib and Staysail Halliard Blocks at Mast-head, 203
+ 379. To keep the Hawse clear when Moored, 203
+ 380. To tend to Windward--single Anchor, 203
+ 381. To tend to Leeward, 203
+ 382. To Back Ship at Anchor, 204
+ 383. To break the Shear, 204
+ 384. On Getting to Sea, 204
+ 385. On Fire Regulations in the Merchant Service, 205
+ 386. Station Bill for fire in the Merchant Service, 207
+ 387. Taking to the Boats, 208
+ 388. Losing a Rudder at a Critical Moment, &c., 209
+ 389. Steamers getting aground, 209
+ 390. The duty of remaining by a damaged Vessel, 210
+
+
+ PART VII.
+
+ 391. On Squaring Yards, 213
+ 392. Up Topgallant Masts and Yards--the Mast being on deck, 214
+ 393. Down Topgallant Masts and Yards, 215
+ 394. Crossing Topgallant and Royal Yards, and loosing Sails, 216
+ 395. Top-Mast carried away, 217
+ 396. Clearing the Wreck of a Topmast, 218
+ 397. Carrying away a Jib-Boom, 218
+ 398. To fish a Lower Yard in the Shortest Time, 218
+ 399. Expectation of losing a Lower Mast, 219
+ 400. Lying-to in a Gale, after the loss of Masts, 219
+ 401. Spars to convert in case of need, 219
+ 402. Getting aground, 220
+ 403. The Ballast shifting at Sea, 221
+ 404. Vessels Surprised on Opposite Tacks, 221
+ 405. Meeting at Sea, 222
+ 406. A Hint on Running too Long, 222
+ 407. A Hint on Rounding-to in a Gale, 223
+ 408. On Making your Port, 223
+ 409. Laying off and on to enter a port, 223
+ 410. To Anchor and Veer a long Scope of Cable, 224
+ 411. Preparations--Going into Harbor, 224
+ 412. Cautions at Night, (Lookouts), 224
+ 413. Two Vessels in Collision, 225
+ 414. Squalls, (Caution), 225
+ 415. Water Spouts, (Caution,) 225
+ 416. Pressure of Water at different depths, 226
+ 417. On Stopping Leaks, 226
+ 418. Examination of Chain Cables, 227
+ 419. Minute Guns, 227
+ 420. Hoisting on Board Money or Plate, 228
+
+
+ PART VIII.
+
+ 421. Stowing Hammocks, 229
+ 422. Cockbilling Yards, 230
+ 423. Dressing Ship with Flags, 230
+ 424. Keeping the Copper clean, 231
+ 425. Furling from a Bowline, 232
+ 426. High and Low Bunts, 233
+ 427. To Clear Mast-heads, 233
+ 428. Placing belaying-cleats in Tops, 234
+ 429. Making Swabs, 234
+ 430. Stowage of Swabs, 235
+ 431. Junk, 235
+ 432. Making Mats, and Chafing Gear, 235
+ 433. Gaskets, 236
+ 434. Scraping and Greasing Mats, 237
+ 435. Manning Yards, 237
+ 436. Man Ropes--(side), 238
+ 437. Spare Dead-eyes, 238
+ 438. Hide Rope, 239
+ 439. Hawse-hole Windsail, 239
+ 440. Fighting Ladders, 239
+ 441. Hawse Bucklers, 239
+ 442. Making-fast a Warp to a Vessel, 240
+ 443. Fitting Quarter Boats’ Gripes, 240
+ 444. Fitting Gigs’ Slings, 240
+ 445. Scrubbing a Boat’s bottom on leaving Harbor, 241
+ 446. Carrying Light Boats on Shore, 241
+ 447. Miscellaneous Notes on Working Boats, 242
+ 448. Duties of Boats’ Crews, 243
+ 449. Boats going on Distant Service, 243
+ 450. Boats under Sail, 244
+ 451. Giving a rope to a Boat, 244
+ 452. Crossing a Bar with Surf--in Boats, 245
+ 453. Hauling up Boats, 246
+ 454. Lowering Boats, 246
+ 455. Turning up the Hands, 246
+ 456. Inspection of Rigging, Morning and Evening, 247
+ 457. Inspection of Stowed Anchors, at Sea, 247
+ 458. Inspection of Boats at Sea, 248
+ 459. Gammoning the Bowsprit, 248
+ 460. Precaution in Reeving Running-rigging, 249
+ 461. Topsail Tyes, 249
+ 462. Precaution in Blacking Rigging, 250
+ 463. Fore and Main Buntlines, 250
+ 464. Topgallant Mast Ropes, 250
+ 465. Futtock Shrouds, 251
+ 466. Tops and Half-Tops, 251
+ 467. Striking or Housing Topmasts, 251
+ 468. Swaying up Topmasts, 252
+ 469. Unmooring, 252
+ 470. Reef-lines to the Topsails, 253
+ 471. Reefing Courses, 253
+ 472. Topgallant-Masts struck, 254
+ 473. Hailing aloft, 254
+ 474. Proportions for Cables (Hemp), 254
+ 475. Proportions for Anchors, 254
+ 476. What length is necessary to form a Clinch, 255
+ 477. References to Sketch of Temporary Rudder, 255
+ 478. To Splice an Old Cable to a new one, 255
+ 479. Strip Ship, 256
+ 480. Proportions of Spars of Merchant Ships, Length of Spars, &c. 256
+ 481. Thickness of Spars (Masts), 257
+ 482. Yards, 257
+ 483. Distance for Placing Lower Masts, 257
+ 484. Rule for Placing Masts in a Ship, 257
+ 485. Raising Shears on a Wharf, 258
+ 486. To find the Tonnage of a Vessel by U. S. Measurement, 259
+ 487. Stepping and Raking Lower Masts, 259
+ 488. Mooring, 260
+
+
+ PART IX.
+
+ 489. Preparations for Heaving-down, 261
+ 490. A Derrick, 269
+ General Cautions, 270
+
+
+ PART X.
+
+ 491. Explanation of Sea Terms, 273
+
+
+ PART XI.
+
+ 492. A table showing the weight of Cables and Anchors, used in
+ ships and vessels of war, in the U. S. Navy, 290
+ 493. A table showing the weight of Guns and Carriages, 291
+ 494. A table showing the weight of Chain Cables, 292
+ 495. A table showing how many fathoms make 112 pounds of
+ four-strand shroud-laid rope, 292
+ 496. Weight of one foot of Bar Iron, 293
+ 497. A Table showing the weight of one hundred fathoms cable-laid
+ rope, from two to twenty-six inches, 293
+ 498. A Table showing the strength of hemp-cables, their weight,
+ size, and number of yarns in each, 294
+ 499. A Table showing the strength of plain-laid rope, three
+ strand, 295
+ 500. A Table showing the strength of chain cable, as tested in
+ fifteen fathom lengths, 296
+ 501. A Table showing the strength of short round-linked Bobstay,
+ Bowsprit shroud, or crane-chain without studs, such as is
+ used for rigging, &c. 297
+ 502. Weight of Timber in a green and seasoned state, 298
+ 503. A Table of measures and weights of different substances, 298
+ 504. A Table of weight of tarred Cordage, 299
+ 505. A Table showing the comparative strength between Iron Chains
+ and Hemp Cables, and the size required agreeably to the
+ Tonnage, 299
+ 506. A Table showing the test required of flax and cotton Canvass,
+ as to quality and strength, before being received for use, in
+ the U. S. Naval service, 300
+ 507. Cordage Table, showing the weight of one fathom of rope, from
+ one to twenty-four inches, plain-laid three strands, &c. 301
+ 508. A Table showing the length of 1st warp of Standing Rigging, 302
+ 509. A Table of Foreign Ordnance, 303
+ 510. A Table showing the quantity of provisions, slop-clothing,
+ and small stores, for two hundred men for four months, U. S.
+ Navy, 304
+ 511. A Table showing the component parts of the Navy ration, 305
+ 512. A Table for finding the distance of an object by two
+ bearings, and the distance between them, 308
+ 513. Dimensions of masts and spars, of the U. S. ship Princeton, 309
+ 514. A Table of the size of short-linked chain, when used as
+ rigging, 310
+ 515. A Table showing the dimensions of the masts and yards, of
+ American, English, and French ships, 312
+ 516. A Table showing the compliment of Officers and Crew, allowed
+ to each class vessel in U. S. Navy, 314
+ 517. A Table of spars, &c., for all classes of vessels, 318
+ 518. A Table showing the dimensions and quality of materials, used
+ in constructing tops, trestle-trees, cross-trees, and caps,
+ in U. S. Navy, 324
+ 519. A Table showing the complement and quality of Boats to each
+ class vessel in U. S. Navy, 326
+ 520. A Table showing the weight, size, length and quality, of
+ anchors, cables, &c., allowed to the different class vessels
+ in U. S. Navy, 328
+ 521. A Table showing the size, quantity, quality, and number of
+ sails, allowed to each class vessel U. S. Navy, 332
+ 522. A Table showing the quantity of canvass, rope, &c., allowed
+ for one suit of sails, for each class of vessel U. S. Navy, 336
+ 523. A Table showing the length and size of standing and
+ running-rigging, for all classes of vessels in U. S. Navy,
+ with miscellaneous articles, 340
+ 524. A Table showing the size, and description, of the different
+ named Blocks, for all classes of vessels in U. S. Navy, 364
+ 525. A Table showing the projective distances from the spar-deck
+ of U. S. Ship North Carolina, 384
+ 526. A Table showing the weight of armament, stores, outfits and
+ provisions, of U. S. sloop of war Albany, 386
+ 527. Recipe for blacking Ships’ standing-rigging, 389
+ 528. Recipe for blacking guns, 389
+ 529. Recipe for blacking hammock-cloths, yards, and bends, 389
+ 530. Recipe for making Liquid Blacking, 390
+ 531. Recipe for blacking guns, 2nd., 390
+ 532. Recipe Composition for blacking guns, 390
+ 533. Recipe for making Black Varnish, No. 1, 390
+ 534. Recipe for making Composition for blacking hammock cloths,
+ No. 1, 390
+ 535. Recipe for making Composition for blacking hammock cloths No.
+ 2, 391
+ 536. Recipe for making Composition for blacking hammock cloths No.
+ 3, 391
+ 537. Recipe for making Composition for blacking hammock cloths No.
+ 4, 391
+ 538. Recipe for making Black Varnish, No. 2, 391
+ 539. Recipe for making Solder for Copper, 391
+ 540. Recipe for making Solder for Lead, 392
+ 541. Recipe To make the best drying Oil, 392
+ 542. Recipe for Black Stain, 392
+ 543. Recipe for blacking Guns and Shot, 392
+ 544. French Recipe for blacking Guns, 393
+
+[Illustration: United States Razee or Frigate INDEPENDENCE, at Anchor.]
+
+
+THE KEDGE-ANCHOR.
+
+
+
+
+PART I.
+
+
+_We shall first commence with knotting a rope-yarn._
+
+
+=1.=--TO KNOT ROPE-YARNS.
+
+Take the two ends of the yarns, and split them open about two inches
+from the end; and if to make a smooth knot, you may scrape down a
+little with a knife, so as to make the ends lay smooth; you then
+crutch them together as you see in Plate No. 1. Take two opposite ends
+(leaving the other two dormant), pass one of the ends _under_, and the
+other _over_ the standing part of the yarn, connecting them together at
+the same side you took them from at first; then jam your knot taut, and
+see if it will stand test by stretching the yarn from knee to knee, and
+hauling on it; if it stands without drawing, you may trim the ends, and
+go on.
+
+
+=2.=--TO MAKE A FOX.
+
+Take two or three rope-yarns and make them fast to a belaying-pin;
+stretch them out taut, and twist them together on your knee; then rub
+it down smooth with a piece of old tarred parcelling. This is called
+a Fox, and is used for many purposes, such as making gaskets, mats,
+plats, temporary seizings, bending studding-sails, &c.
+
+
+=3.=--TO MAKE A SPANISH FOX.
+
+Take a single rope-yarn and make one end fast as before to a
+belaying-pin, and untwist and twist it up again the contrary way, and
+rub it smooth. This is used for small seizings, &c.
+
+
+=4.=--TO MAKE A KNITTLE.
+
+A Knittle is made of two or three rope-yarns laid up together by hand,
+twisting them between the thumb and finger, and laying them up against
+the twist of the yarn. They are used for many purposes on board a ship,
+particularly for hammock clews.
+
+
+=5.=--OVERHANDED KNOT.
+
+To make an overhanded knot, you pass the end of the rope over the
+standing part and through the bight.
+
+
+=6.=--FIGURE OF EIGHT KNOTS.
+
+Take the end of your rope round the standing part, under its own part
+and through the lower bight, and your knot is made.
+
+
+=7.=--TWO HALF-HITCHES.
+
+Pass the end of your rope round the standing part, and bring it up
+through the bight--this is one half-hitch; two of these, one above the
+other, completes it.
+
+
+=8.=--REEF, OR SQUARE KNOT.
+
+First make an overhanded knot round a yard, spar, or anything you
+please; then bring the end being next to you over the left hand and
+through the bight; haul both ends taut, and it is made.
+
+
+=9.=--A BOWLINE KNOT.
+
+Take the end of the rope in your right hand, and the standing part in
+the left--lay the end over the standing part, then with your left hand
+turn the bight of the standing part over the end part, so as to form
+a cuckold’s neck on the standing part; then lead the end through the
+standing part _above_, and stick it down through the cuckold’s neck,
+and it will appear as in the Plate.
+
+
+=10.=--BOWLINE ON THE BIGHT.
+
+Take the bight of the rope in your right hand, and the standing part
+in the other; throw a cuckold’s neck over the bight with the standing
+parts, then haul enough of the bight up through the cuckold’s neck to
+go under and over all parts; jam all taut, and it will appear as in the
+Plate.
+
+
+=11.=--A RUNNING BOWLINE.
+
+Take the end of the rope round the standing part, through the bight,
+and make a single bowline upon the running part, and the knot is made.
+
+
+=12.=--A TIMBER HITCH.
+
+Take the end of a rope round a spar; pass it under and over the
+standing part then pass several turns round its own part and it is done.
+
+
+=13.=--A FISHERMAN’S BEND.
+
+With the end of a rope take two round turns round a spar, or through
+the ring of a kedge-anchor; take one half hitch around the standing
+parts, and under all parts of the turns; then one half hitch around the
+standing part above all, and stop the end to the standing part; or you
+can dispense with the last half hitch, and tuck the end under one of
+the round turns, and it becomes a studding-sail bend.
+
+
+=14.=--A ROLLING BEND.
+
+A rolling bend is something similar to a fisherman’s bend. It is two
+round turns round a spar as you see in the plate, two half hitches
+around the standing part, and the end stopped back.--(_See Plate._)
+
+
+=15.=--A CARRICK BEND.
+
+This bend is more used in bending hawsers together than for any other
+purpose. In forming this bend you will take the end of the hawser, and
+form a bight, by laying the end part on the top of the standing part,
+so as to form a cross; take the end of the other hawser, and reeve it
+down through this bight, up and over this cross; then pass the end down
+through the bight again on the opposite side, from the other end, for
+one end must be on the top, and the other underneath, as you see in the
+plate.
+
+If both end parts come out at the top it will be a granny’s knot.
+(_Remember this._)
+
+
+=16.=--A CAT’S-PAW.
+
+This is generally used in the ends of lanyards, to hook the tackle to,
+in setting up rigging; to form it, you first lay the end part of the
+lanyard across the standing part, which will form a bight; then lay
+hold of the bight with one hand on each side of it, breaking it down,
+and turning it over _from you_ two or three times; clap both bights
+together, and hook on to both parts.--(_See Plate._)
+
+
+=17.=--A SHEET OR BECKET BEND.
+
+Pass the end of a rope through the bight of another rope, or through
+the becket of a block; then round both parts of the bight, or becket,
+and take the end under its own part, as you see in the plate. It is
+sometimes put under twice, and the end stopped back to the standing
+part.
+
+
+=18.=--A BLACK-WALL HITCH.
+
+This is used with a lanyard, in setting up rigging, to hook a luff
+tackle to, instead of a cat’s paw, where the end of the lanyard is not
+long enough to form a paw; but a strap and toggle is preferable to both.
+
+To make a black-wall over a hook, you form a bight, or rather a _kink_
+with the end of the lanyard, having the end part underneath, and the
+standing part on the top; stick the hook through the bight, keeping the
+bight well up on the back of the hook (as you see in the plate), until
+you set taut the tackle.
+
+ _Note._--You can learn it much better by practice than explanation.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+ Knotting a r’pe Yarn.
+ Square or Reef Knot.
+ Two Half Hitches.
+ Overhaul Knot.
+
+ Figure of Eight Knot.
+ Bowline Knot.
+ Running Bowline.
+ Bowline on the bight.
+ Timber Hitch.
+
+ Fisherman’s Bend.
+ Rolling Bend.
+ Carrick Bend.
+ Cat’s Paw.
+ Sheet Bend.
+
+ A Black-wall Hitch.
+ Rolling Hitch.
+ Selvagee Strap.
+
+ A Pudding for a Mast.
+
+ To form a Short Splice.
+ To form an Eye Splice.
+ An Eye Splice.
+
+ A Short Splice.
+
+ A long Splice.
+
+ Artificial Eye.
+ Flemish Eye.
+ A Long Splice, 4-strand Rope.
+
+ Cut Splice.]
+
+
+=19.=--A ROLLING HITCH.
+
+With the end of a rope take a half-hitch around the standing part; then
+take another through the same bight, jaming it in above the first hitch
+and the upper part of the bight, then haul it taut, and dog your end
+above the hitch, around the standing part, or you may take a half-hitch
+around the standing part and stop the end back with a yarn.
+
+
+=20.=--A SALVAGEE STRAP.
+
+To make a salvagee strap, you may get a couple of spike nails, and
+drive them into an old piece of plank, or whatever you can find
+convenient to answer the purpose, or get two hooks, lash them to any
+convenient place, as far apart as the length you intend to make the
+strap; take the end of the ball of rope-yarns, and make it fast to one
+of the spikes or hooks, then take it round the other one, and keep
+passing the rope-yarn round and round in this manner, hauling every
+turn taut as you pass it, until it is as stout as you wish it to be.
+
+If it is to be a very large strap, marl it down with stout spun-yarn;
+if of middling size, marl with two single rope-yarns; if a small strap,
+a single rope-yarn.
+
+
+=21.=--A PUDDING FOR A MAST OR YARD.
+
+Take a piece of rope of the required length, and splice an eye in each
+end; get it on a stretch, worm it, and then parcel it according to the
+shape you want it. They are generally made as you see in the Plate,
+large in the middle, tapering gradually toward the ends, and made flat
+on the side that goes next the yard or mast. When you have got it the
+size required, marl it down, commencing in the middle and marling both
+ways until you come to the eye; if it is intended for a yard it is
+generally covered with thick leather or green hide; if for a mast, it
+is pointed over for neatness.
+
+
+=22.=--A SHORT SPLICE.
+
+To splice the two ends of a rope together, you first unlay the rope
+to a sufficient length, then crutch them together as you see in the
+plate; you must then lay hold of the three strands next to you in your
+left hand, holding them solid around the other part until you stick
+the three upper ends, or, if it is a large rope, you may stop the
+ends with a yarn; then take the upper or middle end, pass it over the
+first strand next to it, stick it underneath the second strand, and
+haul it taut in the lay of the rope; turn the rope a little towards
+you, and stick the second end as you did the first; the third in the
+same manner, hauling them taut along the lay of the rope;--turn the
+rope round, stick the other three ends in the same manner, and it will
+appear as in the plate.
+
+ _Note_.--If you intend to serve over the ends, you need not stick
+ them but once; but if not you must stick them twice, and cross-whip
+ them across the strands so as to make them more secure. If the ends
+ are to be served, take a few of the underneath yarns, enough to fill
+ up the lay of the rope for worming, then scrape or trim the outside
+ ends, and marl them down ready for serving.
+
+
+=23.=--A LONG SPLICE.
+
+To make a long splice, unlay the ends of two ropes to a sufficient
+length, crutch them together in the same manner as a short splice;
+unlay one strand for a considerable length, and fill up the space which
+it leaves with the opposite strand next to it; then turn the rope round
+and lay hold of the two next strands that will come opposite their
+respective lays, unlay one and fill up with the other as before; then
+cut off the long strands, and it will appear as in the Plate.
+
+To complete this splice, you will split the strands equally in two,
+then take the two opposite half strands and knot them together, so
+as to fill up the vacant lay; then you stick the ends twice under
+two strands with all six of the half strands, leaving the other six
+neutral; then stretch the splice well before you cut the ends off, and
+it is finished.
+
+
+=24.=--EYE-SPLICE.
+
+An eye-splice is made by opening the end of a rope, and laying the
+strands at any distance upon the standing part of the rope, according
+to the size of the eye-splice you intend to make; you then divide
+your strands by putting one strand on the top and one underneath the
+standing part, then take the middle strand, (having previously opened
+the lay with a marlinespike,) and stick it under its respective strand,
+as you see in the Plate. Your next end is taken over the first strand
+and under the second; the third and last end is taken through the third
+strand on the other side.
+
+
+=25.=--A CUT SPLICE.
+
+Cut a rope in two, and according to the size you intend to make the
+splice or collar--lay the end of one rope on the standing part of the
+other, and stick the end through between the strands, in the same
+manner as an eye-splice, and it will appear as in the plate. This forms
+a collar in the bight of a rope, and is used for pendants, jib-guys,
+breast-backstays, odd shrouds, &c.
+
+
+=26.=--A FLEMISH EYE.
+
+Unlay the end of a rope, open the strands and separate every yarn,
+divide them in two halves, then take a piece of round wood the size
+you intend to make the eye, and half-knot about one-half of the
+inside yarns over the piece of wood; scrape the remainder down over
+the others; marl, parcel, and serve, or if preferable, hitch it with
+hambro-line. This makes a snug eye for the collars of stays. (_See
+Plate._)
+
+
+=27.=--AN ARTIFICIAL EYE.
+
+Take the end of a rope and unlay one strand to a certain distance, and
+form the eye by placing the two strands along the standing part of the
+rope and stopping them fast to it; then take the odd strand and cross
+it over the standing part, and lay it into the vacant place you took
+it from at first; work around the eye, filling up the vacant strand
+until it comes out at the crutch again, and lies under the other two
+strands; the ends are tapered, scraped down, marled, and served over
+with spun-yarn.
+
+
+=28.=--TO WORM AND SERVE A ROPE.
+
+Worming a rope, is to fill up the vacant space between the strands of
+the rope with spun-yarn; this is done in order to strengthen it, and to
+render the surface smooth and round for parceling.
+
+Parceling a rope is wrapping old canvass round it, cut in strips from
+two to three inches wide, according to the size of the rope; the strips
+of canvass to be well tarred and rolled up in rolls before you commence
+to lay it on the rope. The service is of spun-yarn, clapped on by a
+wooden mallet such as you see in the plate, called a serving mallet;
+it has a large score cut in the under part of it, so as to fay on the
+rope, and a handle about a foot long, or according to the size of the
+mallet. The service is always laid on against the lay of the rope; a
+boy passes the ball of spun-yarn at some distance from the man that is
+serving the rope, and passes it round as he turns the mallet; when the
+required length of service is put on, the end is put under the three or
+four last turns of the service and hauled taut.
+
+ _Note._--It has always been customary to put on parceling with the
+ lay of the rope in all cases; but rigging that you do not intend to
+ serve over, the parceling ought to be put on the contrary way.
+
+
+=29.=--TO CLAP ON A THROAT AND QUARTER SEIZING.
+
+Splice an eye in one end of the seizing, and take the other end round
+both parts of the rope that the seizing is to be put on; then reeve it
+through the eye, pass a couple of turns and heave them hand-taut; then
+make a _marlinespike-hitch_ on the seizing, by taking a turn with the
+seizing over the marlinespike, and laying the end over the standing
+part; push the marlinespike down through, then under the standing part
+and up through the bight again. Heave taut the two turns of the seizing
+with the spike; pass the rest and heave them taut in the same manner,
+making six, eight, or ten turns, according to the size of the rope;
+then pass the end through the last turn, and pass the riding turns,
+five, seven, or nine, always laying one less of the riding than of the
+first turns; these should not be hove too taut--the end is now passed
+up through the seizing, and two cross-turns taken between the two parts
+of the rope, and round the seizing; take the end under the last turn
+and heave it taut; make an overhanded knot on the end of the seizing,
+and cut off close to the knot.
+
+ _Note._--When this is put on the end of a rope, and round the
+ standing part, it is called an end-seizing; if on the two parts below
+ the end, a middle or quarter-seizing. A throat-seizing is passed the
+ same way, but is not crossed with the end of the seizing.
+
+
+=30.=--TO MAKE A TURK’S HEAD.
+
+Turk’s heads are made on man-ropes, and sometimes on the foot-ropes
+of jib-booms in place of an overhanded knot, as the Turk’s head is
+much neater than the knot, and considered by some an ornament. It is
+generally made of small white line. Take a round turn round the rope
+you intend to make the Turk’s head on,--cross the bights on each side
+of the round turn, and stick one end under one cross, and the other
+under the other cross; it will then be formed like the middle figure in
+the plate, after which follow the lead until it shows three parts all
+round, and it is completed.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+ Sheepshank.
+ Worming a Rope.
+ Serving a Rope.
+
+ A Strand.
+ Turk’s Head.
+ Putting a Strand in a Rope.
+
+ To form a Single Wall.
+ Single Wall.
+ To form a Sin. Wall & Cr’wn.
+ Single Wall and Crown.
+
+ Walled Crowned and Walled.
+ Double Walled and Double Crowned, or Manrope Knot.
+ To form a Matthew Walker Knot.
+ Matthew Walker Knot.
+
+ Sprit-sail Sheet Knot.
+ French Shroud Knot.
+ Shroud Knot.
+ Single Diamond.
+
+ Double Diamond.
+ Stopper Knot.
+ Buoy Rope Knot.]
+
+
+=31.=--TO SHEEPSHANK A ROPE OR BACKSTAY.
+
+This is intended for shortening a backstay; the rope is doubled in
+three parts, as you see in the Plate, and a hitch taken over each bight
+with the standing part of the backstay and jamed taut.
+
+
+=32.=--TO PUT A STRAND IN A ROPE.
+
+This is done in case of one strand of a rope getting chafed or magged,
+and the other two remaining good. To perform this, you take your knife
+and cut the strand at the place where it is chafed, and unlay it about
+a couple of feet each way; then take a strand of a rope as near the
+size as possible, and lay it in the vacancy of the rope, (as you see in
+the Plate,) and stick the ends the same as a long splice.
+
+
+=33.=--TO WALL AND CROWN.
+
+Unlay the end of a rope, and with the three strands form a wall knot,
+by taking the first strand and forming a bight; take the next strand,
+and bring it round the end of the first, the third strand round the
+second, and up through the bight of the first--this is a wall. (_See
+Plate._)
+
+To crown this, lay one end over the top of the knot, which call the
+first, then lay the second over it, the third over the second, and
+through the bight of the first. It will then appear as you see in Plate
+No. 2.
+
+
+=34.=--TO MAKE A MATHEW WALKER.
+
+A Mathew Walker is made by opening the end of a rope, and taking the
+first strand round the rope and through its own bight; then take the
+second end round the rope underneath, through the bight of the first,
+and through its own bight; the third end take round the same way,
+underneath and through the bights of all three. Haul the ends well
+taut, and it will appear as in the Plate. This is a good lanyard knot,
+if well made.
+
+
+=35.=--A SPRITSAIL SHEET KNOT.
+
+Unlay two ends of a rope, and place the two parts which are unlaid
+together; form a bight with one strand, and wall the six together
+against the lay of the rope, (which is hawser-laid,) the same as you
+would a single wall with three ends; after you have walled with the six
+ends, haul them taut; you must then crown with the six ends, and it
+will appear as in the Plate. To complete it, you must follow the lead
+of the parts, and double wall and crown it.
+
+This knot is frequently used in old-fashioned ships as a stopper knot.
+
+
+=36.=--A SHROUD KNOT.
+
+Unlay the ends of two ropes and place them one within the other, the
+same as you commence to make a short splice; then single wall the ends
+of one rope round the standing part of the other, and then wall the
+other three ends in the same manner; the ends are opened out, tapered
+down, and served over with spun-yarn. This knot is used when a shroud
+is either shot or carried away.
+
+
+=37.=--A FRENCH SHROUD KNOT.
+
+Place the ends of two ropes as before, drawing them close together;
+then lay the first three ends back upon their own part, and single
+wall the other three ends round the bights of the other three and the
+standing part; it will then appear like the figure in the Plate. The
+ends are tapered as the other. This knot is much neater than the common
+shroud knot.
+
+
+=38.=--SINGLE DIAMOND KNOT.
+
+Unlay the end of a rope a sufficient length to make the knot, and with
+the three strands form three bights, holding the ends fast down the
+side of the rope in your left hand, with the standing part of the rope;
+then take the first strand over the bight of the second strand and
+through the bight of the third; then take the second over the third
+and through the bight of the first; then the third, over the first and
+through the second. Haul these taut and lay the ends of the strands
+up again, and it will appear as in the Plate. This knot is used for
+jib-boom foot-ropes, man-ropes, &c.
+
+
+=39.=--DOUBLE DIAMOND KNOT.
+
+To make this, you make a single one as before; then take a marlinespike
+and open the strands, and follow the lead through two single bights,
+the ends coming out at the top of the knot; lay the ends of the strands
+up as before, and it will appear as in the Plate.
+
+
+=40.=--A STOPPER KNOT
+
+Is made by double-walling and crowning, which has been described before
+on another page. The ends, if very short, are whipped without being
+laid up; but if long they are laid up and stopped.
+
+
+=41.=--A BUOY-ROPE KNOT.
+
+Unlay the strands of a cable-laid rope, take one strand out of the
+large ones, and then lay the three large ones up again as before; take
+the three small ones which were left out, single and double them round
+the standing part of the rope; then take your spare ends, worm them
+along the lay and stop them.
+
+
+=42.=--COMMON SENNIT.
+
+Sennit is made by plaiting rope-yarns together. (_See Plate No. 3._)
+
+
+=43.=--A SEA GASKET.
+
+A sea gasket is made by taking three or four foxes, according to the
+size you intend to make the gasket. Middle them over a belaying-pin,
+and plait three or four together, long enough to make the eye; then
+clasp both parts together to form the eye; then plait it by bringing
+the outside foxes on each side alternately over to the middle; the
+outside one is laid with the right hand, and the remainder held
+steadily--work the whole together, adding a fox when necessary. When
+you have got it a sufficient length, diminish by dropping a fox at
+proper intervals. To finish it, you must lay one end up, leaving its
+bight down; then plait the others through this bight about one inch;
+haul the bight taut to secure all parts--cut the ends off, whip it, and
+it is completed.
+
+
+=44.=--A PANCH, OR WROUGHT MAT.
+
+A piece of six or nine-thread stuff is stretched in a horizontal
+direction, and the foxes (according to the breadth you intend to make
+the mat) are middled and hung over it; then take the fox nearest the
+left hand and twist a turn in the two parts, and one part give to the
+man opposite (two men being employed to work the mat); the next fox
+has a turn twisted in its two parts, and one part given back to your
+partner; the remainder are twisted round the first which are given
+back, and then again round its own part, and so on with the remainder
+of the foxes, until you get it the breadth you wish. At the bottom of
+the mat selvedge it by taking a piece of nine-thread stuff, the same
+as you used for the top. The two parts of the foxes which are twisted
+together at the bottom are divided, and the nine-thread put between
+them; the foxes are hitched round it, and the end put through its own
+lay with a marlinespike; trim the ends off, and thrum it with pieces
+of old strands of rope, cut in pieces about three or four inches long;
+open the lays of the foxes with a marlinespike, push the thrums through
+the lays, and open the ends out.
+
+
+=45.=--HARBOR GASKET, OR FRENCH SENNIT.
+
+A harbor gasket is made with foxes, something similar to the common sea
+gasket,--but instead of taking the outside fox over all the rest, and
+bringing it into the middle, you interweave it between them by taking
+the outside fox of both sides, and taking it over one and under the
+other, working it towards the middle, the same as common sennit.
+
+
+=46.=--POINTING A ROPE.
+
+Unlay the end of the rope a sufficient length for pointing, and stop
+it; open the strands out into yarns, and take out as many as you think
+it will require to make the knittles, by splitting the yarns and making
+one knittle out of every outside yarn; when they are made, stop them
+back on the standing part of the rope; then form the point with the
+rest of the yarns, by trimming and scraping them down to a proper size,
+and marl it down with twine--divide the knittles, taking every other
+one up and every other one down; then take a piece of twine, called
+the warp, and with it pass these turns very taut, taking a hitch with
+the last turn every time you pass the warp, or filling. Then take the
+knittles which are up and bring them down, and the ones which are down,
+up; hauling them taut, and passing the warp every time over the lower
+knittles; proceed in this manner until you get almost to the end,
+reserving enough of the knittles to finish it with; leave out every
+other bight of the knittles of the last lay, and pass the warp through
+the bight, haul them taut and cut them off. A becket is sometimes
+worked in the end.
+
+ _Note._--Knittles are made by laying rope-yarns together, with your
+ finger and thumb, against the twist of the yarn.
+
+ Snaking is for the better securing of a seizing, which is passed
+ round the single part of the rope and therefore cannot be crossed. It
+ is done by tucking the end part of the seizing _under_ and _over_ the
+ lower and upper turns of the seizing.
+
+
+=47.=--TO MAKE A GROMMET.
+
+A grommet is made by unlaying a strand of a rope and placing one part
+over the other; with the long end follow the lay, until it forms a
+ring, with three parts of the strand all round; finish it by knotting
+and sticking the ends the same as a long splice. (_See plate No. 3._)
+
+
+=48.=--TO PASS A ROSE LASHING.
+
+It is used in lashing a strap or pudding round a mast or yard or the
+parral lashing of a top-gallant yard; this lashing is passed crossways
+over and under one eye, then under and over the other; the end part is
+afterwards taken in a circular form round the crossing, and the end
+tucked under the last part.
+
+ _Note._--This circular part is done to expend the end, instead of
+ cutting it off, so that it will answer again for the same purpose.
+
+
+=49.=--TO WEAVE A SWORD MAT.
+
+A piece of wood called a sword is used; this is put alternately between
+the parts of the spun-yarn or sennit, stretched over two round iron
+bolts (as you see in the figure); the warp of marline is placed through
+the parts which the sword has opened, and jamed by it close to the
+head; a piece of spun-yarn is put slack through the same division at
+the opposite end and left there; the sword is taken out, passed under
+and over the parts as before, and each end of the warp passed and
+jamed taut. The piece of spun-yarn which was left at the opposite end,
+is now lifted up, and brings the parts as they were first divided by
+the sword; the warp is passed as before, and so on until the mat is
+completed.
+
+
+=50.=--A LASHING CLEAT
+
+Is shaped like the figure in the Plate, having scores for the seizings
+which are marked, and a groove cut in the part that fits next to the
+shroud.
+
+
+BLOCKS.
+
+
+=51.=--A SHELL, PIN, AND SHEAVE.
+
+Blocks are of different kinds, shapes, and sizes, according to the
+several purposes for which they are intended.
+
+A block consists of a shell, sheave, and pin; and from the number of
+these sheaves it derives its name, viz.: a block with one sheave is
+called single; with two sheaves, double; with three, treble; and with
+four sheaves it is called a four-fold block. The shell of a block is
+made of ash, and has one or two scores cut at each end, according to
+its size; these scores are for the purpose of admitting a strap, which
+goes round the block, in the centre of which is a hole for the pin;
+the shell is hollow inside to admit the sheave. The sheave is a solid
+wheel, made of lignum vitæ, iron, or brass; in the centre is a hole for
+the pin, on which it turns. The lignum vitæ sheave is bushed with brass
+or iron; round the circumference a groove is cut, that the rope which
+goes over it may play with ease. The sheave is placed in the shell, and
+the pin is put through both shell and sheave, which constitute a block.
+
+
+=52.=--SINGLE, DOUBLE, AND TREBLE BLOCKS.
+
+What is termed a single block has but one sheave, and if intended for a
+double strap there are two scores on the outside of the shell. Single
+blocks are more used than any other kind on board of a ship.
+
+_A double block_ has an additional sheave; it is otherwise the same as
+a single block.
+
+_A treble block_ is made in the same manner as a double, with one
+more sheave. Treble blocks are generally used as purchase blocks, and
+strapped in the manner you see in the Plate.
+
+
+=53.=--A SHOULDER BLOCK.
+
+A shoulder block is the same as a single block, with the exception that
+it has a projection at the bottom of the shell, called a shoulder, to
+prevent the rope that reeves through it from jaming between the block
+and the yard. These blocks are mostly used for bumkin or lift blocks on
+lower vards.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+ Common Sennet.
+ Sea-gasket.
+ A Wrought or Punch-mat.
+ Harbor gasket.
+
+ Pointing a Rope.
+ Grommet.
+ Strand.
+ Rose Lashing.
+
+ To weave a Sword-mat.
+
+ Cable-laid Rope.
+ Common Rope, or Plain-lay.
+
+ Shell.
+ Sheeve.
+ Single Bl.
+ Double Block.
+ Treble Block.
+ Bull’s Eye.
+
+ Shoulder Block.
+ Fiddle Block.
+ Shoe Block.
+ Sister Block.
+ Monkey Block.
+ Dead Eye.
+
+ A Heart.
+ Heart for a Collar.
+ Ninepin Block.
+ A Rack.
+ A Euphroe.]
+
+
+=54.=--A FIDDLE BLOCK
+
+Is made like two single blocks one above the other, the upper one being
+the largest so as to allow the rope which is rove in the upper sheave,
+to play clear of the rope in the under one. These blocks are used in
+places where there is not space enough for a double one, or where it
+(the double block) would be liable to split by not _canting_ fair, or
+having room to play. These blocks are used for top burtons, &c. &c.
+
+
+=55.=--A SHOE BLOCK
+
+Is also made like two single blocks, but the sheave of the upper
+one lies in a contrary direction to that of the lower one. They are
+generally used as buntline blocks to courses; the buntline reeving in
+the upper sheave, and the whip in the lower one.
+
+
+=56.=--A SISTER BLOCK
+
+Has two sheave-holes one above the other,--three scores for seizings,
+one at each end, and one between both sheaves; they are hollowed out
+on each side of the shell, to take the shroud. These blocks are used
+as topsail-lift and reef-tackle blocks, and are seized-in between the
+two forward shrouds of the topmast rigging, above the futtock stave.
+The lift reeves through the lower sheave, and the topsail reef-tackle
+through the upper one.
+
+
+=57.=--A DEAD-EYE
+
+Is a large round piece of wood with three holes in it, (as you see in
+the Plate,) and a groove cut round it for the shroud to lie in. It is
+used to turn in the ends of shrouds and backstays;--the three holes
+are used to reeve the lanyard through, when setting up the shroud or
+backstay.
+
+A bull’s-eye is a kind of thick wooden thimble, with a hole in the
+centre, and a groove cut round the outside for the rope or seizing to
+lay in.
+
+
+=58.=--A HEART
+
+Is a block of wood with a large hole in the centre, at the bottom
+of which are four or five scores, and round the outside is a groove
+cut to admit a rope called a stay; there are other hearts called
+collar-hearts, which are open at the lower ends, opposite to which
+the lanyard is passed. This heart has a double score cut round the
+outside, and two grooves cut on each side for the seizings to lay in,
+which keeps the collar in the scores of the heart. Hearts intended for
+bobstays should be made of lignum vitæ; those made of ash being liable
+to split.
+
+
+=59.=--A BELAYING-PIN RACK
+
+Is a piece of wood with a number of holes through it, in which
+belaying-pins are stuck; on the back part are several scores for the
+shrouds to lie in to which it is seized.
+
+
+=60.=--A EUPHROE
+
+Is a long piece of wood, having a number of holes, through which the
+legs of the crowfoot is rove,--a score is cut round it to admit of a
+strap. This is used for the ridge of an awning.
+
+
+=61.=--A HORN CLEAT.
+
+Horn cleats are used for different purposes; some are made to seize on
+to the shrouds; they are called _lashing cleats_; others are made to
+nail on to different parts of the bulwarks. They are of different shape
+and size, and used to belay various ropes to, in all parts of the ship.
+
+
+=62.=--A B-CLEAT
+
+Is a piece of wood scored out inside, something like the letter B, and
+rounded off outside; they are used for leading a rope through, or for
+keeping it in its place on the masts, bowsprit, &c.
+
+
+=63.=--A STRAP FOR A BLOCK.
+
+Straps are fitted in various ways, according to the use they are
+intended for, and according to the size of the block.
+
+A common strap is fitted in the following manner:--
+
+First, cut the rope once-and-a-half the round of the block, then get it
+on a stretch,--worm, parcel, and serve as near the end as possible, not
+to interfere with splicing; then splice the ends together with a short
+splice, and finish serving snug up to the splice. Stretch it and cut
+the ends off, or you may serve over the ends, and it will appear as in
+the Plate. If there is a number of those straps required, it would be
+best to get the rope on a stretch, and serve off the required number
+before cutting.
+
+
+=64.=--A TAIL BLOCK
+
+Is strapped with an eye-splice, snug round the block; the ends are
+stuck but once; then scraped down, and served over with spun-yarn. Clap
+on a stout whipping about six inches from the splice; open the ends
+out, twist them into foxes, and plait them together, as mentioned for
+gaskets; or, the strands may be opened out and marled down salvagee
+fashion; tapering it a little towards the end of the tail.
+
+ _Note._--Blocks used for jiggers, have a double tail made in the same
+ manner.
+
+
+=65.=--A PURCHASE BLOCK
+
+Is double strapped, having two scores in the shell for that purpose;
+the strap is wormed, parceled, and served, (sometimes only wormed and
+parceled,) and spliced together. It is then doubled so as to bring
+the splice at the bottom of the block. The seizing is put on the same
+as any other; the only difference is, that it is crossed both ways,
+through the double parts of the strap.
+
+These block-straps are so large and stiff, that it requires a purchase
+to set them securely in the scores of the block, and bring them into
+their proper place.
+
+
+=66.=--A TOP BLOCK
+
+Is a single iron-bound hook-block, with (generally) a brass sheave; it
+hooks to an eye-bolt in the cap. The top-pendants are rove through the
+top-blocks when swaying up topmasts.
+
+
+=67.=--A CAT BLOCK.
+
+The cat block is three-fold, iron-bound, with a large iron hook
+attached to it, for the purpose of hooking the ring of the anchor when
+catting it.
+
+On the forward side of the shell of this block are two small eye-bolts,
+for the purpose of fitting a small rope, called the back-rope bridle,
+used in hooking the cat.
+
+
+=68.=--A SNATCH BLOCK
+
+Is generally iron-bound, with a swivel hook; an iron clasp is fitted
+on the iron band, or strap, with a hinge to go over the snatch, and
+toggles on the opposite side, as you see in the Plate. The bight of a
+hawser or large rope is placed in this block, when warping the ship, &c.
+
+ _Note._--There has been of late years several different improvements
+ made on these blocks.
+
+ Blocks of this description, and of a large size, are generally termed
+ “viol, or rouse-about blocks.”
+
+
+=69.=--A NUN BUOY.
+
+Buoys are used when a ship is riding at anchor, to denote the position
+of the anchor. They are a kind of a cask, large in the middle, and
+small at both ends; hooped close with iron hoops, and strapped with
+rope well served. A buoy-strap is cut _nine times_ the length of the
+buoy; this is sufficient to make the slings and hoops; the slings have
+an eye spliced in each end, the hoops are rove through these eyes,
+spliced together, and fitted on the buoy, as you see in the Plate.
+
+
+=70.=--TO BEND A BUOY-ROPE.
+
+The buoy rope is made fast with a clove-hitch round the arms of the
+anchor, close up to the crown, and the end part stopped along the
+shank, with one or two stops.
+
+Some are fitted with a running eye, and when used this way the running
+eye is rove round one arm, a hitch taken over the other, and seized in
+the cross.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+ Single Whip. Whip and Runner. Gun-tackle Purchase. Luff-tackle
+ Purchase. A Top Burton. A Long Tackle. Runner and Tackle. A
+ Lashing-cleat.
+
+ A Three-fold Purchase. A Jacob’s Ladder. A Nun-buoy. Pudding a Ring.
+
+ Buoy-rope Bend.
+
+ Catting an Anchor. Can Hooks. Barrel Slings. Hogshead Slings.
+
+ Horn-cleat. A B-Cleat. A Block Strap. Tail-block.
+
+ A Single Block. A Purchase-block. A Top-block. A Cat-block. A
+ Snatch-block.]
+
+In large ships they are fitted with pendants and slip buoy-ropes; the
+pendants have a large thimble spliced in one end, large enough to
+receive a stout hawser, in case you should want to purchase the anchor
+by the buoy-rope. The size for the slip buoy-rope is one-third the size
+of the proper buoy-rope.
+
+
+=71.=--TO PUDDING THE RING OF AN ANCHOR.
+
+The ring of the anchor is well tarred, and parceled with tarred
+canvass; then a number of lengths of old rope are cut three times the
+diameter of the ring; these are laid on the ring, and stopped by a
+temporary seizing in the middle; they are then placed fair by hand
+round the rings, as you see in the Plate.
+
+When one or two turns of rattling-stuff is taken round all parts, and
+a heaver put through it, it is hove well round, which stretches all
+parts snug round the ring. After it is all hove on neatly, put on the
+seizings, four in number. (_See Plate._)
+
+
+=72.=--A JACOB’S LADDER.
+
+These ladders are used in many different parts of a ship of war; they
+are used for stern ladders, rigging ladders, and on the swinging
+booms in harbor, &c. There are several different ways of making them;
+some are made salvagee fashion, and covered; others are made of
+four-stranded rope, and have the rounds put through between the strands
+of the rope. But the most general way of making these ladders, is to
+take some small rope, (about two-inch stuff,) and make two straps the
+length you intend to make the ladder, and splice them together with a
+short-long-splice. The straps being made, get them on a stretch both
+together, and see if they bear an equal strain; if not, shorten one
+strap, so as to make both alike. Take a piece of chalk and mark off
+where you intend the rounds to go, about fifteen inches apart.
+
+The _rounds_ are pieces of round wood, about two inches in diameter,
+of the length required, with a score on each end, for the rope to lay
+in. Put the rounds in between both parts of the rope, exactly at the
+chalk mark; having got them all placed, commence and seize them in, by
+putting on a snug seizing of marline on each side of the round; you may
+parcel, leather, or serve in the nips, just as may be preferred.
+
+
+=73.=--CAN HOOKS
+
+Are broad flat iron hooks, in the eyes of which thimbles are inserted.
+What is termed a pair of can hooks, is a piece of rope four or five
+feet long, or long enough to span a cask from chime to chime. When
+fitted, one of these hooks are spliced into the end of this rope; it is
+then got on a stretch, wormed, parceled and served, and a thimble is
+sometimes seized in the bight, to hook on to, when lifting a cask.
+
+ _Note._--Some are fitted with chain, with a large iron ring in the
+ middle.
+
+
+=74.=--HOGSHEAD SLINGS
+
+Are pieces of rope about five fathoms long, and from five to six inches
+in circumference, with a large thimble spliced in one end, and the
+other end well whipped. They are used to sling large casks, being more
+secure than can hooks. They are put on in this manner:--pass the bight
+over one end of the cask, reeve the end through the thimble, and haul
+it well taut; then take the end round the other end of the cask, and
+take two half-hitches round the standing part, and it is done. (_See
+Plate._)
+
+
+=75.=--BARREL SLINGS
+
+Are generally made of three inch rope, and of sufficient length to go
+round the barrel. They are similar to a long strap, spliced together
+with a short splice; it is passed round the barrel and one bight rove
+through the other.
+
+They are sometimes made long enough to sling two or three barrels at a
+time.
+
+
+=76.=--A SINGLE WHIP.
+
+A single whip is the smallest and most simple purchase in use. It is
+made by reeving a rope through a single block, as you see in the Plate.
+
+
+=77.=--A GUN-TACKLE PURCHASE
+
+Is made by reeving a rope through a single block, then through another
+single block, and make the end fast to the one it was first rove
+through, or splice it into the bottom of the block for neatness. (_See
+Plate._)
+
+
+=78.=--A LUFF-TACKLE PURCHASE
+
+Consists of a double and single block; the rope is rove through one
+of the sheave holes of the double block, then through the single one,
+through the double one again, and the end made fast to the single
+block, with a becket bend, to a becket in the bottom of the block.
+(_See Plate._)
+
+
+=79.=--A TOP BURTON
+
+Is rove in the same manner as a luff-tackle purchase; the only
+difference is, that the upper block of the burton is a fiddle block,
+while that of the luff is a double one. (_See Plate._)
+
+
+=80.=--WHIP AND RUNNER.
+
+If a rope is rove through a single block, it is called a whip, as
+before mentioned; and if the fall of this whip be spliced round the
+block of another whip, it becomes whip on whip, or whip and runner.
+(_See Plate._)
+
+
+=81.=--A RUNNER AND TACKLE
+
+Is the same purchase as a luff-tackle applied to a runner. A runner is
+a large rope rove through a single block, with a hook spliced in one
+end. (_See Plate._)
+
+
+=82.=--A TWO-FOLD PURCHASE
+
+Consists of two double blocks; the fall is first rove through one
+sheave of the upper block, then through one of the lower ones; through
+the upper one again, then through the lower one, and make the end fast
+to the upper block.
+
+
+=83.=--A THREE-FOLD PURCHASE.
+
+A three-fold purchase is rove in this way, the blocks having one more
+sheave, only that you commence to reeve the fall in the middle sheave
+first,--instead of one of the side ones, which brings a cross in
+the fall. The reason of its being rove in this manner, is, that the
+heaviest strain comes first on the fall part, and if it was rove in the
+side sheave, it would have a tendency to _cant the block in the strap_,
+split the shell of the block, and cut the fall; but when it is in the
+middle sheave it draws all down square alike.
+
+
+=84.=--NAMES OF ROPES.
+
+The different kinds of ropes are designated as follows:--
+
+Hawser-laid and cable-laid rope is all the same; it is composed of
+nine strands, each strand having an equal number of yarns. These nine
+strands are laid into three, by twisting three small ones into one
+large one; then the three large ones are laid up, or twisted together
+left-handed, which makes the nine strands; this is a hawser-laid, or
+cabled, rope.
+
+A common or plain rope is composed of three strands, of an equal number
+of yarns twisted together.
+
+Shroud-laid rope is made in the same manner, only that it consists of
+four strands instead of three, and a small strand which runs through
+the middle, termed the heart of the rope. When plain-laid rope is laid
+up left-handed, it is called _back-laid rope_. There is also four
+stranded hawser-laid rope, which is used for stays, &c., &c.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration: A Ship Ready for Launching.]
+
+
+
+
+PART II.
+
+
+=85.=--LAUNCHING A SHIP.
+
+After the carpenters have completed the hull of the vessel, the
+necessary preparations for launching are commenced as follows:--
+
+Get an anchor on each bow; get the cables on board and bend them to
+the anchors; range and bitt the cables; bend the buoy ropes, and see
+everything clear for letting go the anchors.
+
+It will then be necessary to get four stout hawsers on the spar deck,
+two on each side; bend one to the other, and have them coiled down
+clear for running. This being done, pass the ends of two hawsers
+out forward, through the warping chocks on each bow; pass the ends
+aft, one on each side, and make them fast to some secure place, on
+their respective sides of the launching slip, as clear of the ways
+as possible. Stop the bights of the hawsers with a single rope-yarn
+up along the ship’s sides, so as not to interfere with the ways, or
+interrupt the progress of the carpenters while knocking away the shores
+previous to launching.
+
+Have men stationed to attend to veering the hawsers and cables when the
+ship is off the ways, and also to letting go the anchors, if necessary.
+Have a few buckets of water ready to throw on the bitts, to prevent any
+danger that might occur from fire while veering the hawsers and cables.
+
+The ways being well greased, and the necessary preparations for
+launching completed, all the blocks and wedges by which the ship was
+formerly supported, are driven out from under her keel, until the whole
+weight gradually subsides upon the sliding ways, or cradle; a few
+shores, or stanchions, remain, by which she is retained on the stocks
+until the period for launching arrives, which is generally at high
+water; they are then cut away, and all obstructions removed, with the
+exception of the _dogshore_ (a representation of which is given in the
+Plate). The word is given “to _launch_”--the dogshore is then knocked
+away, which causes her to advance down the inclined plane into the
+water.
+
+If the ship should _hang_ after the dogshore is removed, it will be
+necessary to apply screws under the fore-foot, which will cause her to
+move immediately along the ways. The ways generally extend a sufficient
+depth under the surface of the water to float the vessel when she
+arrives at the extreme ends.
+
+When the ship is off the stocks “veer away roundly,” and do not attempt
+to check her until she begins to _deaden her way_, then check her
+“handsomely” with the hawsers so as not to part them; if, however, they
+should part, let go an anchor immediately; if that should not bring her
+up, let go the other anchor, and veer gradually on both _cables_ until
+she is brought up.
+
+ _Note._--When a ship is to be launched it is always customary to
+ hoist the ensign, jack, and pennant; the jack forward, ensign aft,
+ and the pennant amidships. Flagstaffs are erected for that purpose
+ previous to launching, as represented in the Plate, where you see a
+ ship of war ready to be launched from the stocks.
+
+
+=86.=--CUTTING OUT STANDING RIGGING.
+
+_Lower Rigging._--Measure the distance from the larboard side of the
+mast-head to the foremost dead-eye in the starboard channels, which
+distance set off on the floor of the rigging loft and stick in a
+marlinespike at each extremity. The shroud stuff being stretched,
+stop one end to one of the marlinespikes; take the bight round the
+other and back again: this is the first pair of shrouds; pass it round
+again, _outside at each end_, for the second pair, and continue in
+this manner until one gang of rigging is completed. Mark the length of
+the eyes straight across at the _opposite end_, to the one stopped to
+the marlinespike; cut at the latter in an angular direction (so that
+the after-legs will be a little longer than the forward ones), and
+the inside pair will be the first pair of shrouds. Hitch a piece of
+spun-yarn round each shroud, in the centre of the eye, making knots
+on it according to the number of the shroud, commencing the inside
+pair with one knot. The mark for the length of the eye gives the place
+for the eye-seizing; the round of the rope giving their place on the
+mast-head. (_Old fashion._)
+
+The proportion for the eye is the round of the mast-head above the
+bolsters; I have also seen the breadth of the seizing added (some allow
+five squares of the mast-head, which is the best rule), supposing it
+would lay fairer on the side of the bolsters than too close to the
+mast-head. This precaution is hardly necessary, as the rigging will
+stretch sufficiently in pulling up to bring the seizing down, no matter
+how much it may have been stretched before being warped round for
+cutting.
+
+[Illustration: Sketch of a draft for cutting rigging.]
+
+Rigging cut on the above old plan, causes great waste in squaring off
+the ends, after fitting the eyes, previous to turning-in the dead-eyes.
+I would therefore recommend (if not in a great hurry) a more economical
+plan. Get the shroud-warp on a stretch, or rather one end of it, long
+enough for one pair of shrouds; mark off the distance for the required
+service, and when completed--being wormed, parceled, and served, while
+on a taut stretch--measure the length with a tape-line, from _draft_
+of first pair of shrouds, No. 1 starboard; when measured and chalked
+the required length, “come up the stretch,” and cut at the chalk-mark;
+middle the shroud at the centre of the service, and lay it on the loft
+floor. Continue fitting, and cutting, in this way until you get the
+number of shrouds required for the gang, allowing each pair of shrouds
+to lap over the diameter of the rope at the eye, as they are laid on
+the loft floor; alternately making due allowance at the ends, before
+cutting, for the carry aft, or the jump of a port, if required. (_See
+Plate._)
+
+ _Note._--In measuring the length of the shrouds, some prefer the
+ distance from the opposite side of the mast-head to the partners,
+ added to half the breadth of the deck, from the mast to the side.
+
+ In parceling, begin at each end where the service is to leave off,
+ and parcel upwards to the middle of the eye, where commence serving
+ downwards on each leg. The eye seizings are round ones, and when put
+ on, the whole eye is neatly covered with parceling. A half-sister
+ block is sometimes put between the two forward shrouds, for the lower
+ boom topping lift to lead through.
+
+
+=87.=--TOPMAST AND TOP-GALLANT RIGGING
+
+Is cut in the same manner. In fitting the topmast rigging, always
+seize-in a sister-block between the two forward shrouds, for the
+topsail lift and reef tackles. The swifters are generally served the
+whole length.
+
+The eyes of the top-gallant rigging are made to fit exactly around the
+cylinder; if there is an odd topmast, or top-gallant shroud, on each
+side, they are either fitted with a horse-shoe eye, or go together with
+a cut splice.
+
+
+=88.=--BREAST AND STANDING BACKSTAYS.
+
+These may be cut by the same rule; the eyes of the breast backstays are
+fitted in different ways. They are sometimes spanned together, making
+a square, the size of the mast-head; sometimes they have an eye like
+the shrouds, made to fit close; and others have a small eye seized in
+the bight, and lashed round the mast-head. The eyes of the standing
+backstays are fitted like those of the shrouds.
+
+
+=89.=--CAT HARPEN LEGS, AND FUTTOCK SHROUDS.
+
+Take one-third the breadth of the top, and lay of that distance from
+the eye-seizing, down upon the shrouds, each side; draw a line across
+which will represent the cat harpens, and measured on the scale, will
+give their length; splice in eyes at each end; worm, parcel, serve, and
+leather them. The distance from the extremity of the top and this line
+upon the shroud, will give the length of the futtock shrouds, which
+must have a hook and thimble in their upper ends, and a thimble in
+their lower ends.
+
+
+=90.=--FORE-AND-AFT STAYS.
+
+Measure from the after parts of the mast-head to where the stays set
+up, and to this distance add the length of the mast-head, for collars.
+
+Collars for stays are the length of their respective mast-heads. The
+mousings are raised once-and-a-half the size of the stays, and at a
+distance equal to twice the length of the mast-head from the mousing.
+A Flemish eye is worked on the end, and the stay rove through it; or
+they may be fitted with lashing eyes, in which case each leg is the
+length of the mast-head; the service is continued the length of the
+eye below the mousing, the collars leathered, and the hearts turned
+in with the lay of the rope. Stays are wormed, parcelled, served, and
+leathered in the wake of all nipps, such as the bees, bullock-blocks,
+and sheave-holes.
+
+
+=91.=--CUTTING LOWER MAST HEAD-PENDANTS.
+
+The forward pair should be twice the length of the mast-head--the after
+pair twice-and-a-half; thimbles are spliced in the ends, and they are
+wormed or spanned together, so as to form a span to fit the mast-head.
+
+
+=92.=--BOBSTAYS.
+
+The bobstays are cut twice the length from the collars, on the
+bowsprit, to their respective holes on the cutwater. They are wormed,
+parceled, and served the whole length, and leathered in the nipp, after
+which they are rove through the holes, spliced together, and the dead
+eyes turned in, in the wake of a splice.
+
+
+=93.=--BOWSPRIT SHROUDS.
+
+The length from the bowsprit to the eye-bolts in the bows; a dead-eye
+or heart is spliced into one end, and a hook and thimble in the other.
+
+
+=94.=--JIB AND FLYING JIB GUYS.
+
+Take the distance from the boom-end to the bows, making a small
+allowance for reeving through the straps on the spritsail yard. They
+are generally fitted with a cuckold’s neck over the boom end, and set
+up with dead-eyes to the bows. The cuckold’s neck is served or covered
+with canvass. The guys in the wake of the spritsail yard are leathered.
+The martingales must be cut, and fitted to the manner in which they are
+rove.
+
+
+=95.=--CUTTING RUNNING RIGGING.
+
+The greater part of the running rigging may be cut as it is rove,
+making due allowance for the hands to clap on. The length and size may
+also be got from the rigging table for all classes in the navy (see
+rigging tables). The most proper way to ascertain the length of a rope
+is from the _draft_, or rigging plan of the vessel you are employed
+upon, making the proper allowance for leading out, &c., &c.
+
+
+=96.=--RIGGING SHEERS, AND TAKING IN MASTS AND BOWSPRIT.
+
+In cases where there is neither sheers nor wharf to have recourse to,
+in order to get the lower masts on board, it becomes necessary to get
+such spars as can be procured, and erect a pair of sheers on board for
+that purpose.
+
+In doing this proceed as follows:--Take in a sufficiency of ballast to
+steady the ship, and shore the decks from the skin up, particularly
+abreast of the partners. Sling skids up and down the sides; reeve the
+parbuckles, and bring the sheer legs alongside, with their small ends
+aft; parbuckle them on board, raise one leg over the capstan, and their
+heads or after ends resting either on the taffrail, the break of the
+poop, or a spar placed in the most convenient spot, the more elevated
+the better. Square the heels exactly one with the other, so that when
+they come to be raised the legs may be found of equal height.
+
+As near the after ends of the spars as may be considered necessary,
+when crossed, put on the head-lashing of new, well-stretched rope
+(_figure-of-8 fashion_), similar to a racking seizing, and cross with
+the ends. Open out the heels, carrying one over to each gangway, and
+placing it on a solid piece of oak or shoe, previously prepared for
+the purpose. Clap stout tackles on the heels, two on each, one leading
+forward, the other aft; set taut the after ones, and belay them. Lash
+a three or four-fold block, as the upper one of the main purchase,
+over the main lashing (so that it will hang plumb under the cross),
+with canvass underneath to prevent chafing; and in such a manner that
+one-half the turns of the lashing may go over each horn of the sheers,
+and divide the strain equally; also sufficiently long to secure the
+free action of the block. Lash the small purchase block on the after
+horn of the sheers, sufficiently high for the falls to play clear of
+each other, and a girtline block above all.
+
+Middle a couple of hawsers, and clove-hitch them over the sheer
+heads--having two ends leading forward, and two abaft, led through viol
+blocks, and stout luffs clapped on them. These should be sufficiently
+strong to secure the sheers while lifting the masts.
+
+The lower purchase block is lashed forward (perhaps round the
+cut-water), and the fall being rove, the sheers are raised by heaving
+upon it, and preventing the heels from slipping forward, by means of
+the heel tackles previously mentioned.
+
+Sometimes a small pair of sheers are erected for the purpose of raising
+the heads of the large ones; in which case care must be taken to place
+them so as to allow the heads or horns of the other pair to pass
+through.
+
+When the sheers are up, or nearly perpendicular, _cleat the shoes_, so
+as to confine the heels to their places upon them. They can then be
+transported along the deck by means of the heel-tackles and guys to the
+situation required, taking care to make them rest upon a beam, and to
+have the deck properly shored up below.
+
+Finally, give the sheers the necessary rake by means of the guys, and
+set taut all the guys and heel-tackles. Also, five or six feet above
+the deck, on each leg, put two cleats, for the purpose of applying two
+stout lashings from _them above_, to the dead-eyes in the channels
+_below_, in order to give greater security; this being done, the sheers
+may be considered ready. (_See Plate_).
+
+[Illustration: Masting and Dismasting.
+
+FIG. 1.
+
+FIG. 2.
+
+FIG. 3.
+
+Method of forming Sheers, and removing a Mainmast, by means of 2
+Topm’st]
+
+ _Note._--The skids which are slung up and down the sides, are for
+ the purpose of keeping the sheer-legs clear of the channels, and
+ from thence to the plank shear. Mats should also be placed over the
+ quarter galleys to prevent injury.
+
+_Parbuckles_ are hawsers which are middled; the ends of which are
+taken through two ports which are about five or six ports apart, from
+outside, in; down over the rail, under the sheer legs; up again through
+snatch blocks, in the opposite water-ways, and luffs clapped on them.
+The counter parbuckles are used to ease the sheer legs down on deck,
+and are rove through the gun-deck ports. Mats should be placed in the
+wake of the chafe, where the parbuckle leads over the rail, or up
+through the gun-deck ports.
+
+The parbuckling on board of heavy spars for sheers may be much
+facilitated at times, and injury to the ship avoided, by attending to
+circumstances, and getting them in at slack water, or over the bows or
+stern.
+
+When a ship is confined to her own resources, the lower yards are the
+best spars for sheers; the heels (or yard-arms resting on the deck)
+being strengthened where they taper by a temporary fish, _woolded on_,
+and the woolding set up by wedges.
+
+In a brig, the main yard and main boom are the best spars for sheers
+(if other spars are not available).
+
+The shoes are made of either stout oak plank or beam timbers of pine,
+and long enough to extend over at least three beams, with a saucer in
+them for the heels to rest in; likewise, mortices or bolts in each end
+for lashing. The spare caps will be found very handy for placing the
+heels of the spars in, and the eye-bolts in them convenient for hooking
+the heel-tackles, and transporting along the decks.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=97.=--TO TAKE IN THE MIZEN-MAST.
+
+Tow the mizen-mast alongside, with the head aft, and the garland[1]
+lashed on to the forward part of the mast, at the distance from the
+tennon to just above the spar deck partners; lash a pair of girtline
+blocks on the mast-head, and reeve the girtlines; bend the sheer-head
+girtline to the mast below the bibbs to _cant_ it. Overhaul the main
+purchase down abaft, thrust the strap through the eyes of the garland,
+toggle it, and secure the toggle by a back-lashing. Take the fall to
+the capstan and “heave round;” when the heel rises near the rail, hook
+on a heel-tackle to ease it inboard. Get the mast fair for lowering
+by means of the girtlines, have carpenters attending below, wipe the
+tennon dry, and white lead both it and the step, “lower away,” and step
+the mast.
+
+Pass a couple of straps around the mast; to each of these hook the
+double blocks of the pendant tackles--the single ones to the sides,
+and hauled taut; wedge the mast temporarily, “come up” the purchases,
+man the guy and heel tackles, wet the decks, and transport the sheers
+forward for taking in the main-mast.
+
+The object of taking in the mizen-mast first is, because the breadth of
+beam is less aft than forward; and the heels of the sheers being spread
+more as they go forward, the head lashing consequently becomes tauter;
+moreover, if the mizen-mast was taken in _last_, the bowsprit must be
+got in _first_, and thus the _advantage_ of securing the sheers to the
+foremast-head, when getting in the bowsprit, would be lost.
+
+ [1] Garlands are made of new rope, well stretched (salvagee fashion),
+ marled together and parceled. They are laid on the forward part of
+ the mast, a stout lashing put on over all, and crossed between the
+ garland and the mast;--a good dogging also, if necessary, passed
+ downward.
+
+
+=98.=--TO TAKE IN THE MAIN AND FOREMAST.
+
+Proceed in the same manner as in getting in the mizen mast. The garland
+for the small purchase should be lashed about the diameter of the mast,
+_above_ the main purchase.
+
+In taking in either of the masts, if the sheers should be found to
+be a few inches short, the difficulty may be remedied by manning the
+forward guy-falls, and bringing the sheers perpendicular to the deck.
+Some distance may also be saved by using no garlands and having the
+purchase blocks lashed to the mast. If in lowering there should still
+be a difficulty, chocks might be placed on the kelson until the tennon
+rested on them; then steady the mast by means of the small purchase and
+sheer-head girtlines, while the main purchase is unlashed, and lashed
+again on the mast sufficiently high to step it.
+
+If the ship has a top-gallant forecastle, it would be well to step the
+mast forward of the sheer legs, for the brake of the forecastle comes
+abreast of the partners; and, in a case of this kind, it would be well
+to take in the foremast first.
+
+
+=99.=--TO TAKE IN THE BOWSPRIT.
+
+Transport the sheers as far forward as possible, or as the bows will
+permit; send a hand to the sheer-head, bend on the girtlines to the
+small purchase block to light it up, unlash it, and lash it again
+to the forward fork or horns of the sheers, pass a strap round the
+foremast-head, to which hook a large tackle, carry it well aft, and
+haul it taut, for the purpose of staying the mast. Lash a couple
+of large single blocks to the foremast-head, middle a hawser, and
+clove-hitch it over the sheer-head; reeve the ends through the blocks
+at the mast-head, down on deck, carry them well aft, and take a turn.
+Hook the after heel-tackles forward, and take the after-guys aft;
+pass a bulwark lashing round each heel, rake the sheers over the bows
+sufficiently for the main purchase to hang directly over the gammoning
+scuttle, and make all fast.
+
+The bowsprit being brought under the bows, with the head forward, and
+the garlands lashed on, the main one a little more than one-third from
+the heel, the smaller one between the cap and bees, having guys leading
+from the bowsprit to the cat-heads, and a couple of straps round the
+heel for hooking the bedding tackles. Overhaul down the purchases
+and toggle them; “sway away,” attending it by the guys, until nearly
+perpendicular; hook on the bedding tackles, which are taken from the
+bitts on the main deck, and led up through the partners; wipe the
+tennon dry, and white-lead both it and the mortice; “lower away,”
+bouse upon the bedding tackles, and bring it into its place; come up
+purchases, guys, unlash garlands, and proceed to dismantle the sheers.
+
+If the ship has a topgallant forecastle, you will be unable to take in
+the bowsprit with the sheers without the assistance of a _derrick_[2]
+on account of the brake of the forecastle, it not being prudent to step
+sheers on the top of it.
+
+When the ship is masted, and alongside the yard, commence getting
+on board and stowing ballast and tanks; fit the rudder, gammon the
+bowsprit, fit and set up the bobstays and bowsprit shrouds; fit fore
+stay collars; get on board tops, caps, cross-trees, topmasts and
+topgallant masts, placing lower yards athwart ships, topsail and
+topgallant yards amidships; also, have ready tackles and luffs for
+setting up the rigging and staying the masts, top-blocks with lashings
+for top-ropes, and all the rigging at hand and in order.
+
+ [2] See Derrick, in Miscellaneous Articles.
+
+
+=100.=--GAMMONING THE BOWSPRIT.
+
+In rigging a stage under the bowsprit for this purpose, make use of two
+small spars, such as topgallant studding-sail booms, with their heels
+lashed to the head-rail, their heads frapped together, and slung from
+the bowsprit end, and boards laid across from one to the other.
+
+The gammoning is of new, well-stretched rope, generally water-laid.
+One end of the gammoning being whipt, is passed through the hole in
+the cutwater, and over the bowsprit with a round turn, then clenched
+round the bowsprit close against the stop or cleats; the other end
+passes through the forepart of the hole in the cutwater, again round
+the bowsprit (but before the clinch), and again through the hole in the
+cutwater, abaft the first turn. All the succeeding turns go in the same
+way, laying forward on the bowsprit and aft in the cutwater, and all
+are passed inside of the first turns; by which means the outer turns on
+the bowsprit which bear the most strain are more preserved from chafing
+than the inner ones.
+
+[Illustration: A Representation of the Masting Shears in the New-York
+Navy Yard, for the Masting and Dismasting of large ships.]
+
+The turns are then hove taut as follows:--A leading block is made
+fast to the holes for the bobstays by a strap long enough to admit of
+the pendant, which is then rove through it, leading straight through
+the hawse-hole to the capstan. In one end of this pendant an eye is
+spliced, through which a bight of the gammoning is passed, and retained
+by means of a toggle, while to the other end is hooked a long tackle,
+and the fall led to the capstan. As each turn is hove taut, it is, by
+some, nailed to the bowsprit, and by others, racked in several places,
+which is preferable to nailing.[3]
+
+When all the turns are passed and hove taut, they are frapped together
+by as many crossturns as are passed on the bowsprit. The end is then
+whipped and seized to one of the turns.
+
+In ships with two gammonings, the outer one is hove taut first, as it
+would otherwise slack the inner one.
+
+ _Note._--Iron gammoning is now allowed for vessels of all classes in
+ the service. (_See Rigging Table._)
+
+ [3] See Gammoning the Bowsprit, in Miscellaneous Articles.
+
+
+=101.=--FITTING RIGGING.
+
+The shroud is hove well taut, with a tackle clapped on one end, and the
+other secured to a sampson post. It is wormed, parceled, and served a
+third down from the seizing; the swifter or foremost shroud all the
+way, except where the dead-eye is turned in. A sword mat is sometimes
+laced on the foremost shroud, which, I think, answers much better, as
+it can be taken off and the rope dried; and, from the different ropes
+I have seen rotted under the service, I feel convinced, the less on
+rigging, unless where absolutely necessary, the better.
+
+In parceling the eyes, commence from each end of the service and finish
+in the centre, and pass several riding parts, as in breaking the shroud
+to form the eye, the service gets opened, which allows the wet to get
+in; and if the service is begun in the centre, doubled, and then passed
+toward each end, it will prevent the wet getting to the rope.
+
+In forming the eye, take a good strand, knot both ends together, and
+lay it across both parts of the shroud; having brought them as close
+together as possible, pass both bights of the strand under the shroud
+clear of each other; then place a long bolt across, close to the strand
+on the upper side; take a round turn round the bolt with each bight of
+the strand on each side of the shroud, put a smaller bolt through each
+eye in the strand, and _heave it round_ the long bolt, and as the turns
+accumulate on the bolt, both parts of the shroud come together; when
+quite close pass the eye seizing, the shroud being previously parceled
+in the way of it.
+
+When there is an odd on each side, it is fitted horse-shoe fashion to
+fit the mast-head; parceled, and served over a third down the same as
+the other shrouds. I have seen the odd shroud put on the mast-head
+first (after the pendants), instead of last; and then the others put on
+in rotation: No. 1 starboard, No. 2 larboard, No. 3 starboard, &c., &c.
+
+
+=102.=--FITTING MAST-HEAD PENDANTS.
+
+The long leg, when two, should be a third of the shroud. The eye is
+formed the same as the shroud: wormed, parceled, &c. A thimble is
+spliced in each end, the ends put in once and a-half, marled down, and
+served over. The foremost leg is once and a-half the round of the rope
+shorter than the after one. The thimbles are well parceled before being
+spliced in.
+
+Small ships have only one pendant on each side; when this is the case,
+the rope is cut to the proper length, the starboard pendant is spliced
+into the larboard, and the larboard into the starboard, with a cut
+splice forming an eye, or span, to fit the square of the mast-head; a
+thimble is spliced into each end, and they are wormed, parceled and
+served;--they are the same length as a long leg, when a pair on each
+side.
+
+
+=103.=--LOWER AND TOPMAST STAYS.
+
+Stays are four stranded, and are now both the same size, and lashed
+abaft the mast-heads. The legs are made for the collar in laying up.
+When sufficient length is laid up for the stay, from whence the collar
+commences to the end for setting up, two strands, one for each, are
+left sufficiently long to double back, and are then laid up as four
+strands, forming the lashing eyes and legs. The ends of the strands
+are then unlaid, the inside ones wormed into the lay of the rope; the
+other strands are divided, laid up, and worked in alongside the first
+strands; then some more yarns are twisted smaller and used as backing;
+some inside yarns from each strand should be wormed into the stay their
+whole length, below the crotch; the legs are then wormed, so as to
+completely fill the rope, commencing from the centre of the eyes for
+lashing, which should be well opened with a large setting fid, and
+worming carried into the stay as far down as the worming of the legs.
+The outside yarns of the legs are then marled down, over all, round the
+stay, tapering the ends. The legs are well parceled and served, and
+likewise the stay, sufficiently far down to take the lower yards, and
+covered with tanned hide.
+
+The stays should be hove well out with purchases, and allowed to hang,
+pulling up occasionally. I have known a line-of-battle ship’s stays
+(cable laid rope) to stretch out twelve feet, and after a two month’s
+cruise were long enough to allow nearly two feet to be taken off the
+fore-stays.
+
+Stays fitted with lashing eyes are decidedly preferable, as they are
+easier shifted; the collars not being so long the yards can be slung
+higher up, and consequently braced further forward.
+
+In the merchant service the stays are also fitted on the bight, or two
+in one, as follows: the bight is put over the mast-head and both ends
+taken forward and set up in their respective places. Others again put
+the bight under the bowsprit and set them up abaft the mast head, with
+lashing eyes, putting on a seizing at the proper place to form the
+collar. This last plan would not answer for a ship of war.
+
+
+=104.=--TO RIG THE FOREMAST.
+
+White-lead the mast-head in the wake of the trestle-trees, over haul
+down the girtlines, bend on the trestle-trees and sway them on board;
+take out the after chock, wipe them dry, bend the girtlines to the
+forward part and stop the girtlines to the after part; bend the main
+girtline to the after part also; “sway away,” having a steadying-line
+forward to keep the trestle-trees from catching under the bibbs, for if
+they should be heavy, one man aloft will not be able to bear them off;
+when above the bibbs, send a hand aloft to slip the stops, one at a
+time, so as to let them come down gradually. “Lower away,” bouse on the
+after girtlines, and get the trestle-trees in their places; send aloft
+the after chock, ship and bolt it. Tar the mast-head in the way of the
+rigging; overhaul down the girtlines for the bolsters, which are tarred
+and parceled; sway them aloft and stop them; lash the girtline blocks
+to the after part of trestle-trees.
+
+The rigging is then sent up by the girtlines in the following manner:--
+
+ _Mast head pendants._--Foremost pair of shrouds, starboard side;
+ foremost pair of shrouds, larboard side; second pair of shrouds,
+ starboard side; second pair of shrouds, larboard side, and so on
+ until all the shrouds are over, after which send up the stay, and
+ last of all the preventer or spring-stay.
+
+ _Placing the rigging._--The girtlines being overhauled down send
+ aloft the lower pendants, which have got a long and short leg, fitted
+ together with a span, or square, the size of the mast-head; the long
+ leg is placed abaft, so that in case of the forestay being shot away,
+ the pendant tackles can be hooked in them without being in the way
+ of the fore-yard in bracing; while the leg being abaft, the mast
+ affords them good security. As soon as the mast-head pendants are
+ placed they ought to be lashed abaft, the tackles hooked, and the
+ mast stayed by them. Overhaul down the girtlines, bend the mast-head
+ one on the shroud, with a timber-hitch, or toggle, four or five feet
+ below the seizing, and stop it to the centre of the eye; take the
+ girtline from the after trestle-tree, and bend it half way down the
+ shroud; “sway away,” on the lower girtline, and lift the weight of
+ the shroud. When high enough, the stop in the eye is cut, and it will
+ fall over the mast-head; the men on the trestle-trees placing it fair
+ on the bolsters, beating it well down, with commanders, and observing
+ to have the eye-seizing come as near the centre of the mast-head as
+ possible. The larboard pair is got up in the same manner, and so on
+ until all are placed. Reeve the lanyards, if prepared with a knot on
+ the end; a double-wall and crowned is preferable, a mathew-walker
+ being liable to capsize; the lanyard should be rove through the hole
+ under the end of the shroud, because in setting it up, the strain
+ comes on the shroud first, and keeps the dead-eye in its place; if
+ put under the standing part, the strain coming on the end first, the
+ dead-eye would _slue round_.
+
+ _Setting up the lower rigging._--The rigging is often placed and then
+ set up, but I would prefer (if time would permit) having it pulled up
+ as placed. When the first pair on each side are over and placed, and
+ the lanyards rove through both dead-eyes, clap a selvagee strap on
+ each shroud well up; to this hook the single block of a luff tackle;
+ the double, to a blackwall hitch in the lanyard; then take the lower
+ blocks of the pendant tackles and hook them to both the falls of
+ the luffs on each side; reeve the tackle falls through the leading
+ blocks, and pull up, setting up both pair of shrouds at the same
+ time, the men on the trestle-trees beating the shroud down as pulled
+ up; when well up, place two pair more, and proceed in this manner
+ until the mast is rigged.[4]
+
+ The advantage of pulling up a pair at each side, instead of singly,
+ is evident from the fact that pulling up singly injures the seizing;
+ as it is first dragged _forward_ and then _aft_ by the after leg, it
+ is liable to slack the seizing, and perhaps snap the inside turns.
+
+ In rigging the lower masts, I have seen the after swifter go over
+ first; a plan that is now adopted in small vessels. In staying the
+ mast these swifters should be set taut, the mast being previously
+ wedged, and the stays set steadily up. I have heard some old sailors
+ dispute this plan, it being new, but for my own part I think well of
+ it.
+
+ _Note._--The trestle-trees might be got over without knocking out the
+ after-chocks, by running up a derrick abaft the mast, well lashed
+ abaft below the bibbs, having chocks placed between it and the mast,
+ sufficient to admit of the free passage of the after chock of the
+ trestle-trees. They are sometimes got on before getting in the mast,
+ but they then bring in an additional and unnecessary weight upon the
+ mast-head, and moreover, in lowering, catch over the shear-head.
+
+ N. B. The blocks for _topmast stays_ should be put on _after_ the
+ second pair of shrouds (on foremast).
+
+ [4] See note on lower rigging.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=105.=--FUTTOCK SHROUDS
+
+Are now fitted, and hooked to the futtock plates in the top, and set up
+to an iron band round the mast. In small vessels these are iron, and
+set up with turnbuckles, or screws. Cat-harpens are seldom used, being
+considered unnecessary lumber aloft.
+
+ _Note._--The futtock shrouds are hooked to their respective plates,
+ _with the points of the hooks in_.
+
+
+=106.=--TO RIG THE MAIN AND MIZEN-MAST.
+
+Proceed in the same manner as directed for the foremast. The mainmast
+of a frigate has one more pair of shrouds than the foremast, and the
+mizen-mast three less. The mizen-mast has only one pendant on each
+side, fitted with a cut-splice, and a thimble spliced in each end. The
+rigging is placed the same as the fore or main; the mast is steadied
+into its place with a couple of long burtons, one to each pendant, and
+hooked to straps round the bitts, or to ring-bolts in the fore part of
+the quarterdeck bulwarks. If the stays are not ready for going up, the
+tackles can be hooked to a lashing round the mast, the pendants being
+wanted to pull up the rigging (for placing); the rigging is the same as
+the fore.
+
+In setting up the main-stays, pass one _under_, the other _over_,
+around the cross-piece in the four bitts, for the purpose; clap the
+selvagee straps well up the stay, and two more near the ends; to these
+hook two luffs; to the falls of the luffs hook the lower blocks of main
+tackles; reeve their falls through leading blocks, in as direct a line
+with the stay as possible, and grease the bitts in the way of the stay.
+
+In placing the main stays, in the manner mentioned above, there is
+sufficient space between the stays for a shot to pass through, which
+often prevents their being both cut away at the same time.
+
+When the rigging is to be set up for a full due, the stays in the way
+of the bitts are well wormed, parceled, served, and covered with hide;
+and the ends of the stays, and all the lower rigging whipped, and
+covered with canvass caps (neatly fitted).
+
+
+=107.=--TO RIG THE BOWSPRIT.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ _Bobstays._--The rope should be well stretched, wormed, parceled,
+ and served, and in the way of the cutwater covered with leather;
+ when none is to be had, pass two parts of parceling, the first
+ against, the second with the lay of the rope; and serve with good
+ stout spun-yarn, or four-yarn plait; then reeve them through the
+ cutwater, splice both ends together, put the strands in once each
+ way, marl down, and serve over. The hearts are then secured in their
+ place (keeping the splice on the upper side) with a round seizing,
+ with parceling under it. They are sometimes fitted to shackle to the
+ cutwater, with iron plates let in flush with the wood, a bolt going
+ through both plates, which is very snug and strong.
+
+ _Bowsprit Shrouds_ are single pieces of rope. When cut the required
+ length (a hook and thimble), the latter parceled, is spliced into one
+ end, put in once-and-a-half, marled down and served over; a heart is
+ spliced into the other. After being hooked to eye-bolts in the bows
+ for the purpose, they are set up to their collars on the bowsprit.
+
+ A celebrated master (now a commander) in the navy, and a first
+ rate seaman, never served the bowsprit rigging _all over_; it is,
+ certainly, in my opinion, better not to do so, as the water can never
+ lodge, which it may do, by getting in from broken service, which
+ cannot be repaired at sea. They are now fitted one-third chain, on
+ account of the chain cable chafing against them.
+
+ It is not unusual, in small vessels, to insert thimbles instead of
+ hearts in the bobstays, bowsprit shrouds, and collars; covering the
+ lanyards neatly afterwards, with canvass.
+
+ _Placing the rigging._--Tar well the bowsprit; then put on the first
+ forestay collar, first pair bowsprit shroud collars, first bobstay
+ collar; second bobstay collar; second pair of shroud collars;
+ spring-stay collar; and cap bobstay collar; then heave them close up,
+ pass and heave well _on_ with a rose-lashing.
+
+ The man-ropes are spliced, or hooked into bolts in the bowsprit cap,
+ and in the other end an eye is spliced; ends put in once-and-a-half,
+ and set up with a lanyard to an eye-bolt in knight-heads or
+ stanchions, for the purpose; splices served over, and leathered in
+ the nip.
+
+ The goblines[5] are either clove-hitched, or may be fitted with a
+ cuckold’s neck around the end of the dolphin-striker, and set up to
+ the bows, one on each side.
+
+ [5] Called back-ropes by some.
+
+
+=108.=--GETTING THE TOPS OVER.
+
+_Whole tops._--Overhaul the girtlines for the cross-trees, white-lead
+the squares in the trestle-trees, and ship them. The girtlines being
+on each side of the mast-head are then overhauled down for the tops;
+one end is passed from underneath, and up through the hole for futtock
+plate and hitched to the standing part; the girtline can be rove down
+through one of the holes in the edge of lubber’s hole; the girtline
+stopped to the foremost edge, to holes bored for the purpose. A
+girtline is taken from the mizen-mast-head, and bent to the foremost
+part of maintop; bend on a tripping line to the pigeon hole leading
+from the foremast-head. Man the girtlines and “sway away;” when
+sufficiently high to allow the foremost edge of lubber’s hole to clear
+the mast-head, cut the stops and cant it over by the tripping line, and
+the top will hang in the girtlines, when it can be lowered, placed, and
+bolted.
+
+I have seen girtlines bent from the foremost part of the fore-top to
+the bowsprit end; and from foremast to the forward part of the maintop;
+and from mainmast to foremost part of mizen-top, to assist in getting
+the tops over; but if they are properly slung it is not necessary.
+
+The dead-eyes for the topmast rigging can now be hauled up, and put
+in their places in the top-rims: and also ship the top-rail, and
+stanchions in their respective places.
+
+
+=109.=--GETTING HALF-TOPS OVER.
+
+Unlash the girtline blocks from each side of the mast-head, and lash
+them on the foremost and after sides; send the end of the foremost
+girtline down abaft all, the other between the cross-trees.
+
+If the starboard half is to be got over, place it on the deck with
+its upper side up, or on its edge with the upper side aft. Take the
+foremost girtline, reeve it down through the foremost hole, by lubber’s
+hole for the purpose, (or from aft forward, if on its edge,) take it
+underneath the top, and if the hole for the futtock plate will take it,
+reeve it up, (or from forward, aft, if on its edge,) and half-hitch it
+to the mast-head, or standing part; then take the mast-head part under
+the top, (if on its edge, to the foremost side,) and seize it well to
+the foremost corner with a piece of small rope, through a hole bored
+for the purpose. Take the after girtline, reeve it the same way through
+the after hole bored for the purpose in the after part of lubber’s
+hole; pass, and half-hitch it the same way as the fore one, and secure
+it with a good seizing of small rope, through another hole bored in the
+foremost corner. If the futtock holes will not take the girtlines, stop
+them with spun-yarn. The top should be so balanced in the girtlines,
+as to hang fair when the stops are cut. Reeve the other ends of the
+girtlines through the leading blocks; man them, and sway up the top
+with the after girtline; at the same time taking in the slack of the
+fore one. Have men stationed at the trestle-trees to bear off, cut the
+stops, and place. When the edge is clear of the cross-trees, cut the
+after stop and sway on both girtlines; and when the foremost corner is
+well up, cut the stops; the top will then hang in the girtlines, and
+can be easily placed. Shift the girtlines for the larboard half, get
+it up the same way, bolt and secure the top. Shift the girtlines on
+each side of the mast head, as they were before. A girtline from the
+mizenmast-head is sometimes bent to the foremost edge of the main-top,
+to assist in bearing off; (it can be dispensed with;) a rope’s end bent
+to the top and hauled well aft, will answer the same purpose. Half-tops
+may be swayed up, before the cross trees are sent aloft, and hung to
+the mast-head, one half on each side, swayed chock up; then send up the
+cross-trees, and bolt them to the trestle-trees; lower the half tops
+down on the cross-trees; place and secure them as before.
+
+ _Note._--In cold weather it would be best to get the tops over before
+ rigging the masts, in order to give the men a more secure place for
+ standing while placing the rigging; and in this case a derrick rigged
+ on the top would be the best way to get the rigging over in a heavy
+ ship. (If the topmast is pointed and swayed about six feet above the
+ lower mast-head, it will make a good derrick for getting the lower
+ rigging over.)
+
+
+=110.=--GETTING UP TOP-BLOCKS, &c.
+
+Top-blocks are large single blocks, having iron straps, which are
+formed after being put round the block, into a large hook. Overhaul
+down the girtlines through lubber’s hole; bend one part through the
+sheave hole of the block, and stop it to the back part of the hook;
+hoist it up, and lash it to the mast-head around the hook, with a
+lashing long enough to allow the block to hang half-mast-head high.
+Through this block reeve a hawser; send the foremost end down through
+the square hole in the foremost part of the trestle-trees; the after
+end through the lubber’s hole through a leading block on deck, and
+round the capstan.
+
+
+=111.=--GETTING UP THE TOPMAST.
+
+Take two half-hitches through the fid-hole, with the foremost end of
+the hawser, and stop the hawser well round the hounds of the topmast
+with a good lashing. Man the capstan, and heave the mast up and down.
+Unbend the hawser, reeve it through the sheave-hole in the topmast;
+send a hauling line down through the trestle-trees for the end of the
+hawser, which haul up and clinch round the lower mast-head over the
+block. Overhaul the girtlines down before all, and get the cap into the
+top.
+
+ _Note._--Pendant tackles may be used to a greater advantage than a
+ hawser in pointing a topmast, when light handed.
+
+
+=112.=--GETTING THE CAP INTO THE TOP.
+
+Bend the foremost end of the girtlines, which were sent down before
+all, through the round hole in the cap, and stop them along to the
+after part of the square hole, keeping the bolts in the cap _up_.[6]
+Man the girtlines and “sway away,” bearing well off the fore part of
+the top. When high enough, lower, and place the round hole over the
+square hole in the trestle-trees. Sway the topmast well through and
+lash it securely to the cap; put a capstan bar in the fid-hole with
+a hauling line on the end, and heave the topmast up; when the cap is
+clear of the lower mast-head, haul on the line from the bar in the heel
+of the topmast, and it will slue the mast and bring the square hole
+of the cap over the lower masthead; ship the cap-shore, then lower
+the hawser, or tackle, and place the cap, beating it into its place.
+Land the mast, unreeve the hawser, unlash the top blocks, and hook
+them to their proper bolts on each side of the cap; reeve the hawser
+through one block, through the trestle-trees, through the sheave in the
+top-mast, up through trestle-trees again, and reeve the end through
+the foremost bolt in the cap on the opposite side of the block; before
+reeving it through, parcel it well; take two half-hitches on its own,
+or standing part, and secure the end with a round seizing of spun-yarn.
+Bring the hawser to the capstan, heave the topmast up and try the fit;
+(then lower away, get the topmast on deck, and try the other set);
+and then lower the mast for rigging. Secure the girtline blocks to
+eye-bolts in the cap, or to the topmast cross-trees.
+
+ _Note._--The stop should be taken off the hounds of the topmast,
+ directly it is pointed through the trestle-trees; and when getting on
+ deck, after it is landed, single the hawser the same as when getting
+ up and down, and stop it to the hounds; then have slip ropes on the
+ heel to haul it forward or aft, whether fore or main, and place it
+ on the chocks, for stowing on the booms. A fore-topmast is generally
+ stowed with the head forward; a main with the head aft; both heads
+ are sometimes stowed forward, a practice that is frequently adopted
+ at the present day.
+
+ [6] The object of _keeping the bolts up_ in getting the cap into the
+ top, is, that they may not catch on the top rim and cause delay, and
+ perhaps injury. (_It is not intended to be shipped so._)
+
+
+=113.=--TURNING IN DEAD-EYES.
+
+If in the loft, get the length from the mast-head to the deck, from
+the draft, if the masts are not stepped, and place the dead-eye to
+that length, making due allowance for stretching in setting up. Turn
+the dead-eye in as near the end as possible, so that all parts of the
+shroud may be equally stretched, which will prevent its having _a gouty
+end_.
+
+The principal caution is to keep the lay in the rope, as it prevents
+the wet getting in. If the shroud is to be wormed, and served in the
+wake of the dead-eye, the worming should not be hove in too taut, as
+breaking the shroud round the dead-eye would probably snap it.
+
+The score being well tarred, the end of the shroud is taken underneath,
+round the dead-eye, inside standing, or mast-head part; a bolt is put
+in a hole of the dead-eye. Take a good strand, knot both ends together;
+it is then middled and crossed round the end of the shroud; both bights
+are taken round the bolt, one on each side of the dead-eye, and a
+smaller bolt put in each bight, which are hove round the large bolt in
+the dead-eye. As the turns accumulate, it heaves the shroud taut round.
+The dead-eye should be secured through one of the holes with spun yarn
+to the shroud before heaving, where the shroud is marked, for the lower
+part. When the dead-eye is turned in, in a loft, the shroud is hove in
+with a jigger, (or dead-eye machine).
+
+When the shroud is hove well round, pass a good throat-seizing. When
+secured, take out the bolts, get a small jigger, hook one end to a
+strap round the end of the shroud, and the other to the mast-head part;
+take a good strand, knot both ends together, take it round the end and
+standing or masthead part; put a bolt in both bights, and heave it
+round, pulling up the jigger at the same time; this will bring the end
+taut up, as heaving on the strap brings both parts close together; then
+pass a round, or quarter seizing, and a smaller one on the end.
+
+If the rigging is turned in on shore, keep the lay in the rope, and
+when sent out of the loft, to be placed on the mast-head, keep the ends
+inside, the shrouds being marked with a knot or a piece of spun-yarn,
+according to the number. The ends will lay aft on one side, and forward
+on the other; this is of importance and should be remembered.
+
+ _Turning in dead-eyes_, termed _Cutter stay-fashion_.--The dead-eye
+ being placed to the mark, the end is passed round it as before, but
+ instead of being secured with a throat-seizing, the end is passed
+ round the standing-part and seized to the part round the dead-eye
+ with a round-seizing, and another on the end further round the
+ dead-eye. The same precaution as in the other way, keep the lay in
+ the rope and _end_ inside.
+
+ _Note._--Worming and serving _shrouds_ in the wake of the dead-eyes
+ is not a common practice in all ships, but I would recommend it as
+ a great preservative to the shrouds, if they were served at least
+ six feet above the dead-eyes. I have known of many gangs of rigging
+ condemned on account of the shrouds being _magged_ and _chafed_ in
+ the wake of the dead-eyes and throat-seizing, for want of service,
+ when all other parts of the shrouds were found to be good.
+
+
+=114.=--GETTING TOPMAST CROSSTREES OVER.
+
+Overhaul a girtline through the round hole in the cap; and if they
+are to go up from the starboard side, overhaul and send it down, and
+the after girtline outside the top; hitch that through the round hole
+in the cap, well out on the starboard foremost horns underneath, and
+secure the end with a good seizing of spun-yarn; the after one bend on
+in the same way, to the after starboard horn; then stop both girtlines
+well with spun-yarn, close to the trestle-trees, and also with two
+stops, on the larboard horns; “sway away;” having a guy from the deck
+to clear it of the top, as it goes aloft. When the upper, or larboard
+horns are well clear of the cap, take two rope’s ends from the larboard
+side of the top, and bend them to the larboard horns, and man them in
+the top--these are called “steadying lines,” and are used to prevent
+the crosstrees _falling back_, if a stop is cut too soon, and to assist
+in getting the crosstrees on the cap, and over the mast-head. “Sway
+higher,” cutting the stops, and hauling on the steadying lines. When
+the trestle-trees are as high up as possible on the cap, haul on the
+steadying lines, and cut the stops close to the trestle-trees on the
+starboard side, and the crosstrees will fall across the cap; then
+place the after hole between the trestle-trees, over the round hole in
+the cap--cast off the girtlines and steadying lines--white-lead the
+mast-head in the wake of the crosstrees, and sway the topmast through;
+beat the crosstrees well down on the mast-head; and when placed, sway
+the topmast a few feet higher for rigging. Pass a lashing through the
+fid-hole, and round the lower mast, to steady it.
+
+The topmasts are sometimes fidded before rigging, to avoid the greater
+strain upon the top tackles. If a topmast has only one sheave (like a
+mizen topmast), it is a good precaution to reeve a hawser through the
+fid-hole, and haul it taut, as the mast goes aloft; unreeving it only
+when the mast is high enough for fidding, or previous to the squares
+entering the trestle-trees.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=115.=--PLACING TOPMAST RIGGING.
+
+Tar the masthead in the wake of the rigging; send the bolsters aloft,
+and stop them. After the bolsters are on, put over first the mast-head
+pendants--then the span for ginn blocks; then follows the straps, with
+thimble in for standing part of the tyes--next, first pair of shrouds
+on the starboard side, then the larboard; and so on, until all are
+over; then lash the breast backstay (if single); if a pair, put them
+over the same as a shroud; next the after backstays; lash the stays,
+if fitted for it, if not, put them over the same as lower stays, with
+_mousings_. The collars of the stays go between the cross-trees, and
+lash over the after one. Some prefer chain spans. The most approved
+method is an iron plate, with a hook on each end, which lays across the
+trestle-trees.
+
+
+=116.=--TO SEIZE-IN THE SISTER-BLOCKS.
+
+There is a score on each side to take the shroud, and three scores
+for seizing--one on each end, and one between both sheaves. They are
+seized-in the length of the hanging block, from the eye-seizing, to
+prevent any risk of the reef-tackle and lift being jammed between
+the hanging blocks and the rigging--one seizing is passed round the
+shrouds, above the block, another below the block; and a small seizing
+put on each score, round the block and shrouds. The topsail-lift leads
+through the lower sheave, and reef tackle through the upper one.
+
+The larboard block should be seized-in once the diameter of the shroud
+lower than the other, as, if both are seized alike (the starboard
+shroud going over first) they would not be square when the rigging is
+placed.
+
+
+=117.=--BACKSTAYS, (BREAST,)
+
+When in pairs, are fitted with eyes, the same as the shrouds, and
+served sufficiently far down to be square with the service of the
+topmast shrouds. They are also parceled and served in the way of the
+lower yards, when braced up. When there is only one backstay it is
+secured round the mast-head with a lashing passed round it, through an
+eye spliced in;[7] they are set up to a treble block in the channels.
+Through these blocks a fall is rove, the standing part being spliced
+into the strap of the double block, and then led from the treble block
+through a fair leader in the side, in on deck.
+
+ _Note._--I have seen ships without breast backstays on any mast,
+ and they carried sail equally well with those who had them; one
+ was the _Independence razee_: her breast backstays were converted
+ into standing ones, and set up a little further aft, or immediately
+ forward of the proper standing backstays.
+
+ Breast backstays are generally pulled up in stays when the ship is
+ head to wind, having a quarter-watch of topmen stationed by them. If
+ they should be set up too taut, which may be the case, especially
+ when the rigging is slack, they are likely to snap and endanger the
+ mast by the sudden jerk; if not set up enough, they can be of no use,
+ and are only an additional weight on the mast-heads, and a useless
+ expenditure of rope. Their being set up to bear an equal strain with
+ the rigging, will not occur with the greatest care once in a year,
+ and I consider them particularly injurious on top-gallant-masts. A
+ good stout _standing backstay_ is the main support.
+
+ [7] Some are fitted with a cut splice.
+
+
+=118.=--STANDING AFTER-BACKSTAYS,
+
+When in pairs, are fitted with an eye the same as topmost rigging. When
+an odd one on each side, they are fitted with a horse shoe. They are
+now fitted the same size as lower rigging.
+
+The backstays are set up with a lanyard rove through dead-eyes, the
+same as shrouds, having service in the wake of the lower yards and tops.
+
+
+=119.=--MAIN TOPMAST STAY
+
+Is fitted of the same size as the standing backstay. A large clump
+block is strapped round the foremast head, over the eyes of the
+rigging, and immediately over the square hole in the after part of the
+trestle-trees. Through this block the main topmast stay is rove down,
+through the trestle-trees--has a thimble turned in the end, lanyard
+spliced and rove through it, and set up to a span shackle in the deck,
+abaft the foremast, for the purpose; or a large bull’s-eye hooked to an
+eye-bolt, and set up on the end.
+
+The spring stay leads through a block strapped round the foremast above
+the cat-harpens, and sets up in the fore-top.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=120.=--MIZEN TOPMAST STAY
+
+Is rove through a thimble strapped round the mainmast-head, over the
+eyes of the rigging; and when set up, is secured to its own part with
+round seizings. If preferred, it can be set up with a thimble turned
+into the end, and a lanyard rove through it; but this is not necessary.
+When the stays are well stretched, the thimbles can be spliced in, but
+it is not a good plan; for, should it be necessary to unreeve, the
+splice must be drawn, which will injure the rope. I have seen them
+fitted in this way, and pointed over for neatness,--but prefer their
+being turned in, and the end pointed or capped.
+
+ _Note._--There is no mizen topmast spring-stay.
+
+
+=121.=--GETTING THE TOPMAST CAPS ON.
+
+The girtline blocks should be lashed well up to the topmast head.
+Overhaul down before all the foremost ends, and secure them to the
+foremost bolts in the cap; stop them to the centre ones, and also to
+the square hole in the after part; sway the cap up;--when well up, cut
+the after stops, sway higher, and the cap can be easily placed by the
+man aloft, and girtlines cast off.
+
+If the cap should be very heavy, use a derrick; a capstan bar will
+answer the purpose.
+
+ _Note._--Ship the capshore the same time you place the cap.
+
+
+=122.=--MAST-HEAD MAN ROPES, &c., &c.
+
+A piece of rope has an eye spliced in one end, and several overhanded
+knots made on the bight, at equal distances from each other. They
+should be long enough to reach a third down the topmast rigging, and
+seized round the mast-head close to the cap; one on each side is
+sufficient. They are absolutely necessary in large ships, and should be
+on all.
+
+I have seen them in some very neat ships; and, when it is recollected
+the small space the men have for their feet when they get near the
+crosstrees, and the long mast-head, to get on the cap, it is certainly
+worth while to sacrifice something in the way of appearance to ensure
+the safety of a man’s life.
+
+Some large ships have ladders with two steps, set up to the eyes of
+the topmast rigging, from the cap; also, spans and grab-ropes fitted,
+to go from the swifters abreast of the cap, which will be found very
+convenient for the topmen, when exercising sails. These may appear
+trifling matters to some, but ships fitted with them are generally
+ahead, when exercising in a squadron.
+
+
+=123.=--TOP TACKLE PENDANTS, &c.
+
+When cut to the required length, a thimble, _well parceled_, is spliced
+into one end, and the other pointed, with a becket in it. There are two
+to the fore, and two to the main topmasts. In the heel of each topmast
+there is a dumb sheave;--take one pendant and reeve it through the top
+block, hooked to the cap, through the trestle-trees, through the dumb
+sheave, or _heel-block_, through an eye-bolt in the foremost part of
+the cap, on the opposite side to the block; take two half-hitches, and
+secure the end to its own part, with a spun-yarn seizing; hook the top
+tackle block to the thimble in the pendant, and the lower one, to a
+bolt in the deck for the purpose; reeve the fall through a leader, and
+bring it to the capstan; heave well taut, and unreeve the hawser by
+which the mast was formerly hove up for rigging.
+
+The other pendant reeves through the other top-block, through the
+sheave hole in the topmast, and clenched to the other eye-bolt in the
+fore corner of the cap; hook the blocks, reeve and bring the fall
+to the capstan, taking the other off, and manning it well. When no
+capstan, both falls must be well-manned by hand.
+
+ _Top Tackle Falls and Blocks._--The upper block is double, strapped,
+ which is made into a hook; the lower is also double, and should be
+ iron-strapped, having a swivel; a single one is hooked near the
+ double as a leading block; the fall is rove; the standing part
+ hitched, or clenched, over the block; they are sometimes spliced in,
+ and some have beckets.
+
+ To hook the double block, clap a single tail-block well up on the
+ pendant, reeve a whip through it, hitch one end of the whip through
+ one of the sheaves of the double block, hoist it up, and hook it to
+ the pendant.
+
+
+=124.=--PREPARING TO FID THE TOPMASTS.
+
+Capshores should be stepped and secured, luff tackles clapped on all
+the stays and backstays. Lower blocks should not be hooked on to the
+lanyards, but to bolts in the deck, and eye-bolts or straps in the
+chains; capstans and falls manned, topmast rigging quite clear, and
+hove over the sides of the tops, and the topmasts hove up and fidded,
+_mast stayed_, _rigging set up_, _&c._
+
+
+=125.=--RATTLING THE LOWER AND TOPMAST RIGGING.
+
+Cat-harpen legs and futtock shrouds are seized-on and set up; topmast
+stayed, rigging and backstays set up, lanyards secured as lower
+rigging,--then commence rattling down.
+
+Girt the rigging with three fore and aft swifters--one by the shear
+rail, and the others at equal distances, as follows:--Make one end of a
+small rope fast round the foremost shroud, take a turn round the next,
+then the third, and so on, until all are taken in; then back the same
+way, and half-hitch it round the first. The swifter should be just
+taut, and not so as to bring the shrouds together,--the object being
+to make the ratlines a little tauter when let go. Sometimes swifters
+are not used, but the ratlines are never so square, or look well. Care
+should be taken that they are not too taut, for, when let go, all the
+strain will come on the seizing in the eyes of the ratlines, and they
+will be constantly snapping. Two swifters on each side are sufficient
+for the topmast rigging.
+
+_Spar the rigging down_, with spare spars, such as studding-sail
+yards, boat’s oars, boat’s masts, handspikes, or anything _light_ that
+will answer, and seize them to the shrouds on the outside, at equal
+distances, leaving sufficient space for three or four ratlines between
+each spar.
+
+A coil of small well-stretched rope is placed on each side of the deck,
+two or three on a side when required to be done quick. Splice an eye in
+one end of the rattling stuff, seize it to the first shroud, and then
+commence clove-hitching on the second, and so on to the after, but one;
+then measure the distance from that to the last, cut it off, and splice
+an eye in the end. Beat the _hitches_ well round each shroud, seize the
+end to the foremost one, and also the other eye to the after one, and
+rattle up, taking the shear of the rails. The hitches are formed on the
+outside, and at equal distances; in three or four places take a ratline
+to the after swifter;--these are called _shear ratlines_.
+
+When it is necessary to rattle quick, take three ends up at a time.
+Fifteen inches is a good distance between the ratlines, and their
+places should be chalked off all the way up and down before commencing.
+Each man employed should have a measure within his reach, and care
+should be taken to make the ratlines on one side correspond in a
+parallel direction with those of the other. This can only be seen from
+the outside of the ship. Make the hitches neat, and the eyes small; few
+things tend more to a snug appearance.
+
+If the rigging is to be blacked, after rattling down, it is best to
+leave the spars on until that is done, taking them off as you black
+down.
+
+
+=126.=--FUTTOCK-STAVES IN TOPMAST RIGGING
+
+Are iron bolts parceled and served; are seized to the shrouds the
+length of the _hounds_, down on the inside; seizings passed as in lower
+rigging.
+
+ _Cat-harpen legs on topmast rigging._--Take the length from the
+ starboard foremost shroud round the mast, and to the after one on
+ the same side; get a piece of rope this length, splice an eye in
+ each end, worm, parcel, and serve it. There are two on each mast.
+ Seize the foremost end to the foremost shroud and futtock stave, take
+ it round the mast and seize it to the after one; secure one to the
+ larboard side in the same manner.
+
+ I have seen them go from the foremost starboard shroud, straight to
+ the after larboard one, crossing abaft the mast. They are also fitted
+ to set up with thimbles and a lanyard, abaft the mast. When this is
+ done, both eyes are seized to the futtock staves on the starboard
+ side, a thimble seized in the bight, and set up abaft the mast to
+ the larboard one, with a lanyard fitted in the same way. (Vessels
+ with chain topsail ties are fitted with iron _bands_, to go round the
+ mast, with eyes for the topgallant rigging to lead through.)
+
+
+=127.=--TO RIG THE JIB-BOOM.
+
+Hoist the jib-boom on board by the hawser or tackle, which was left at
+the foremast head when getting on board the fore topmast, run the end
+out on the bowsprit, pointing it through the stays and bowsprit cap.
+Reeve the heel-rope, and sway the jib-boom out a foot or two beyond the
+cap. Reeve the jib-stay through the hanks, _traveller if required_, and
+then through the inner sheave-hole, in the boom end, martingale and
+necklace, and turn a double block in the inner end; reeve the lanyard
+or fall through this, and a single block bolted to the bows. To the
+traveler seize the jib downhaul blocks and traveling guys; tar the boom
+end, put a grommet over, to which seize the fore topgallant bowline
+blocks, one on each side.
+
+ _Foot ropes._--There is one on each side of the jib-boom. They should
+ be long enough when in their place to allow a man to stand navel-high
+ along the boom, and are fitted as follows: take a piece of rope long
+ enough to make both; cut it in the centre and splice one end into the
+ other with a cut splice, forming an eye to fit the jib-boom end. Four
+ or five overhand knots are taken at equal distances on the rope, from
+ the eye, according to the length of the foot-rope; the knots are for
+ the purpose of preventing the men from slipping. In each end splice a
+ small eye, large enough to take a lashing, by which they are set up
+ to bolts in the bowsprit cap. An eye is sometimes made by taking a
+ round turn round the boom end, and two seizings passed. Also with a
+ span, horse-shoe fashion, and neatly covered with canvass.
+
+ _Note._--Turk’s-heads worked through the strands, may be substituted
+ for knots on the foot-ropes, if time will permit.
+
+
+=128.=--JIB-BOOM MARTINGALE STAY
+
+Is a short rope, with an eye in each end to fit the jib-boom, and end
+of the dolphin-striker. The eyes are well served, and covered with
+canvass or leather. The martingale is wormed, and a small twine seizing
+(snaked) put on round the worming at equal distances between the eyes;
+three, or four, according to the length, which must depend on the way
+the dolphin-striker is intended to stand, or rake. It looks best when
+perpendicular to cap or jackstaff.
+
+Chain is sometimes used for the purpose, as also for back-ropes; and is
+found to answer well, it not being liable to stretch.
+
+
+=129.=--JIB-BOOM GUYS.
+
+There is one pair on each side; an eye is made to fit the boom end
+by passing a round seizing, when in their place; both ends are rove
+through thimbles on each yard-arm of spritsail yard (when crossed).
+Then brought in and both ends set up to bull’s eyes in the bow, or
+fitted with tackles.
+
+ _Placing the rigging on the jib-boom._--First, the foot-ropes; next,
+ the martingale stay, and guys. In some ships, an iron grummet is
+ fitted with an eye on top and one underneath, neatly leathered, and
+ put over the boom-end first. The martingale stay is hooked to the
+ underneath eye, the jib-tack and downhaul to the upper one.
+
+
+=130.=--MARTINGALE BACK-ROPES
+
+Are pendants, middled and served in the centre, the round of the
+dolphin striker, both parts crossed and secured with a throat seizing.
+The service should be long enough to take in the seizing. In the ends
+splice a single or double block; another single one is strapped into a
+bolt in the bow for the purpose, or fitted in a strap with a hook and
+thimble (hook moused). A gun tackle, or luff-purchase, is then rove,
+the standing part of the fall spliced round the pendant, in after end
+of the block, rove through the one in the bow, over the head rails,
+back through the one in the pendant, and through a fair leading sheave,
+in the forecastle bulwark. These falls, after being pulled up, are
+racked together outside the bulwark. If belayed on the forecastle, they
+should be seized to their next part, so as not to be let go by mistake.
+
+
+=131.=--PLACING THE RIGGING ON A DOLPHIN-STRIKER.
+
+Back-ropes first, and next the martingale; below this rigging, in the
+end of the dolphin-striker, are two or three sheaves, and one close
+above it, large enough to admit the jib-stay, which is rove through
+it; flying jib-stay in the next sheave, and flying martingale stay
+under all, which will show two ropes leading from each boom end, to the
+dolphin-striker.
+
+
+=132.=--GETTING THE JIB-BOOM OUT.
+
+The flying jib-boom iron is driven on; the heel rope manned (if
+rigged), and the boom hauled out. The heel strap is placed in a score
+in the heel for the purpose, and both bights lashed together; then
+another lashing passed round the strap, between the boom and the
+bowsprit, and the strap well frapped together. The heel being well
+secured, set up the back ropes and guys.
+
+ _Note._--Rigging to be placed same as jib-boom.
+
+
+=133.=--SENDING UP TOPGALLANT MASTS.
+
+The topgallant top blocks being hooked, we will suppose the long mast
+rope is to be rove, from the starboard side of the topmast-cap; take
+the end through the square hole in the fore part of the trestle-trees,
+half-hitch it through the fid-hole, and stop it round the _hounds_,
+and the royal mast-head; send the hauling part through lubber’s hole,
+and through a leading block or sheave on deck. The topgallant rigging
+is fitted on a sheet-iron cylinder or funnel, attached to the jack
+cross-trees (by an order from the former Navy Commissioners), leathered
+and painted on the outside, and tarred on the inside; put on the
+grommet or strap for the main royal stay[8] to reeve through, then put
+on the topgallant and flying jib-stays, starboard and larboard shrouds,
+breast and standing backstays, and secure them over the funnel;
+overhaul the girtlines down on deck, and bend them on to the rigging,
+around all parts, about the length of the mast-head below the jack, and
+a good stop through the funnel; hoist the funnel up and place it, with
+the rigging on, over the hole in the cap, and take the stays forward
+and reeve them.
+
+Man the mast-ropes and “sway away,” having men stationed to bear off
+and place the rigging or funnel. When pointed through the funnel, place
+the royal rigging and truck, reeve the signal halyards, and _attach_
+the conductor; “sway higher,” land the mast on the top or forepart of
+lower mast-cap, and, if required, reeve the short mast rope; reeve the
+pointed end through a block hooked to the cap on the larboard side, or
+the sheave, then through the trestle-trees, through the sheave-hole
+in the topgallant-mast, up through the trestle-trees, and secure the
+end to the foremost bolt in the cap, with two half-hitches, and seize
+the end; to the thimble in the other end, hook the double block of a
+burton; hook the single one to a strap round the trestle-trees; send
+the burton fall on deck through lubber’s hole, and lead it through a
+single leading block, and haul it taut; unreeve the long mast rope,
+and fid the mast; when the fid is in, the mast rope can be unrove, if
+wished.
+
+Reeve the ends of the shrouds through the horns of the cross-trees,
+between the topmast rigging, over the futtock staves, and turn a
+thimble in each end; strap another round a futtock plate, inside the
+dead-eyes of top-mast rigging; if there is none placed in the top,
+splice a lanyard into that in each shroud, and take two or three turns
+through each, stay the mast, and set the rigging and backstays up.
+
+In setting up the backstays the single block of the jigger, which is
+hooked to the thimble, is hooked to a blackwall hitch, in the lanyard,
+and when set up, expend the lanyard through the thimbles, and seize
+the ends. On both shrouds on each side clap on small jiggers, hook the
+double blocks to straps on the shrouds, the single to Blackwall hitches
+in the lanyards, and set up and secure the same as the backstays.
+
+The fore topgallant stay reeves through the outer sheave-hole in the
+jib-boom, and through a bull’s-eye hooked to the bows, and when set up,
+is seized to its own part.
+
+The main topgallant stay is rove through the middle sheave in the after
+chock of the fore topmast crosstrees, or through a block strapped
+around the fore mast-head, and set up in the fore top.
+
+The mizen topgallant stay is rove through a bull’s-eye in the after
+part of the main cap, and set up in the main top.
+
+ [8] Suppose this to be the fore topgallant-mast.
+
+
+=134.=--ROYAL RIGGING.
+
+There is one breast, and after backstay on each side, seized as the
+after backstays on topgallant masts. The breast backstay or _shroud_,
+is pulled up with a gun tackle purchase;[9] the after leg has a thimble
+turned in, and sets up in the after part of the chains, with a lanyard.
+
+ _Royal stays._--As there is no funnel (although it would be a
+ great advantage to have one), splice an eye in the stay to fit the
+ mast-head, cover it, and serve over the splice. It goes on next to
+ the grommet, then the shroud and backstays, spanned together.
+
+ The fore royal stay is rove through the outer sheave-hole in the
+ flying jib-boom end, and pulled up through a fair leader on the
+ forecastle.
+
+ The main royal stay is rove through a thimble stopped around the
+ foretop gallant mast-head, through another strapped round the eye of
+ a shroud, and when set up is seized to its own part.
+
+ Mizen royal stay reeves through a sheave in the after part of the
+ main topmast trestle-trees, through a thimble strapped round the eye
+ of a main shroud, and seized to its own part.
+
+ [9] Royal-backstays are set up with a jigger to their respective
+ places in the channels. The shrouds are set up in the top
+ breast-backstay-fashion.
+
+
+=135.=--SHORT AND LONG TOPGALLANT MAST-ROPES.
+
+_Short mast ropes_ have a thimble spliced in one end, and the other
+end pointed. They are rove when the mast is rigged, and are used for
+fidding. They should be sufficiently long (when the mast is landed on
+the top or cap), after being rove through the block and sheave in the
+heel of the mast, and clenched to the cap, to allow the thimble to hang
+clear of the cat-harpen legs.
+
+If the topsail-yard is crossed, the mast is landed on it, for rigging;
+if the topgallant-mast should be too long to allow its being landed on
+the yard, the mast rope must be lengthened accordingly.
+
+ _Long mast ropes._--Ropes are often fitted for the purpose; but the
+ topgallant yard rope is generally used. I have seen them fitted as
+ follows, and they answered very well:--
+
+ The rope is rove, and stopped to the topgallant-masthead, and royal
+ sheave-hole, leaving a long end over the upper stop, to hitch to the
+ bolt, before cutting the stops. To prevent the rope _slipping_, rack
+ both parts together above the sheave-hole in the heel of the mast.
+
+
+=136.=--TO RIG THE FLYING JIB-BOOM.
+
+Sway it on board and point it through the iron at the jib-boom end. A
+tail block is put on the neck of the iron, or on the jib-stay, close
+down to the boom. Through this block reeve the heel rope, one end taken
+in on the forecastle, and the other bent to the heel of the boom.
+A rope is bent to the heel of the boom to serve as a guy; sway the
+boom out a foot or two for rigging. Put over the foot ropes, fitted
+as the jib-boom, the inner ends seized to the jib-boom end, inside
+the iron. The martingale, when single, is secured round the boom end,
+clenched, spliced, or with a running eye, rove through a sheave in the
+dolphin-striker, and in on the forecastle, on the opposite side to the
+royal stay. When double, a single block is strapped round the boom end,
+and the standing part spliced round the dolphin-striker; hauling part
+as when single.
+
+ _Guys._--One on each side spliced into each other, forming a
+ cut-splice to fit the boom end. The other end rove through thimbles,
+ strapped round the spritsail yard, through fair leaders in the
+ bulwarks, and pulled up on the forecastle, or set up on the bows.
+
+ Man the heel rope and get the boom out; the heel is placed in a
+ step formed on the fore side of the bowsprit cap, for the purpose,
+ and secured with a lashing, rove through the end, and passed round
+ the jib-boom. Set up the martingale, stay the fore topgallant and
+ royal mast, (fore and aft,) by the stays and backstays; and if the
+ spritsail yard is crossed, reeve the guys, turn in thimbles, and set
+ them up.
+
+
+=137.=--SPRITSAIL LIFTS
+
+Are single; have an eye spliced in one end to fit the yard-arm; splices
+served over are taken over the jib guys, rove through the bull’s-eye in
+the cap, and set up on the forecastle. Blocks are sometimes strapped
+into the bolts, but it is quite unnecessary. Bolts are often driven
+into the fore side of the cap, and the lifts led through; when this
+is done, they are generally set up there with lanyards and thimbles,
+spliced into the end, which answers every purpose.
+
+
+=138.=--SPRITSAIL BRACES.
+
+A single block is strapped into a bolt in the cheek of the foremast on
+each side. The brace has an eye in one end, to fit the yard arm; the
+other is rove through the single block, on collar of fore-stay, and
+another single block is spliced into the end; a luff tackle purchase is
+rove with it, and a double block on the deck, one sheave answering for
+a leading one.
+
+They are sometimes rove double, but the practice is getting out of date.
+
+
+=139.=--STRAPPING THIMBLES FOR GUYS ON SPRITSAIL YARDS.
+
+The thimbles are double-strapped and secured, after being placed round
+the yard, and in the score of the thimbles, with a round seizing passed
+between the thimble and the yard; the splices laying in the upper side
+of the score in the thimbles. Some fit grummet straps, or a short-long
+splice, in the strap for neatness.
+
+The use of double straps is to allow the thimbles to lay fair with the
+yard for the jib guys to lead through; if single, they would stand fore
+and aft.
+
+
+=140.=--CROSSING A SPRITSAIL YARD.
+
+The yard being rigged, prepare for crossing as follows:
+
+Clap a good selvagee strap well up, on the fore topmast stay; to it
+hook a snatch or leading block large enough to take a hawser; reeve
+it and timber-hitch it round the starboard quarter of the spritsail
+yard, (if got out on the starboard side,) stop it along to the larboard
+quarter, and half way out on the larboard yard-arm. Overhaul down the
+lifts and braces, and sway out, keeping the larboard yard-arm under
+the bowsprit; when clear on the larboard side, put over the brace, or
+block, and lift, and haul out; when nearly out, or before clear of
+the head rails, put over the starboard brace or block and lift; haul
+on the hawser, starboard lift, and brace, and cast off the stops.
+When sufficiently out, pass the parrel, _take a turn or hold well on
+the end_; hook the tye, and square the yard. Cast off the hawser and
+unreeve it; reeve the jib-guys through their thimbles on the spritsail
+yard, turn in dead-eyes or blocks, and set them up to others on the
+bows; set all up taut and square the yard.
+
+
+=141.=--TWO HALF SPRITSAIL YARDS.
+
+Two half spritsail yards, made like dolphin-strikers, are secured to
+the bowsprit with jaws, (or an iron band fitted round the bowsprit,
+with a double goose-neck hinge,) to cant or turn in any required
+direction. When the half spritsail yard is carried it is rigged as
+follows:--
+
+The fore guys are made of well stretched rope, and equal in strength to
+the jib guys together, each fitted with an artificial eye to fit the
+jib-boom end and half yard-arm. They should be wormed with small rope,
+parceled and served, or covered in the eyes; four stranded rope is
+preferable, it being not so liable to stretch as three.
+
+The after guys are fitted with an artificial eye in one end, to fit the
+yard arm, and a thimble spliced into the other. They are the same size
+as the fore guys, and wormed in the same manner. If made on purpose,
+and four-stranded, the thimble is kept in the bight with a round
+seizing.
+
+The jumper, or lower guy, is fitted the same as the after, only
+shorter; the length of this depends on the drop intended to be given to
+the yard arm, which should never be less than the spritsail yard, when
+well braced up, or, in other words, _canted_.
+
+The jumper is put on the yard arm first, then the after one, next, the
+foremost, and over the jib-boom. The after one is set up to a bolt by
+the cat-head, well down; the lower, to an eye-bolt in each side of the
+cutwater, well out.
+
+For a frigate, the guys are eight-and-a-half-inch, and wormed with
+twenty-one thread stuff. Four-stranded rope, if made on purpose, can
+have the eyes formed when laying up in the rope walk. Some fit forward
+and after guys all in one.
+
+
+=142.=--WHISKERS.
+
+Whiskers are iron outriggers from the cathead, with sheaves in them for
+the guys to reeve through, and set up to the fore chains, the same as
+when rove through the spritsail yard. This plan is much in use in small
+vessels, but the boom is supported almost entirely by the martingale,
+as the guys being considerably above the boom, and its always _topping
+up_, when the sail is set on a wind, the more wind the greater the
+strain on the martingale; and should the guys be not carefully pulled
+up, the boom must depend on the martingale entirely for support.
+
+
+=143.=--TO GET ON BOARD AND RIG LOWER YARDS.
+
+Overhaul the hawser from the lower mast-head, bend on to the slings
+of the yard, and get them nearly up and down; clap selvagees on the
+quarters, to which hook the pendant tackles. As it comes on board, cut
+the stops, easing away on the pendant tackle, and bousing on the other,
+until the yard is athwart-ships; place chocks in the hammock nettings
+for the yard to rest on; slue them fair, and lash them; come up the
+tackles, cast off the hawsers, and place a shore under the middle of
+the yard to prevent its springing. Measure the yard, tar and leather
+the slings, fit a saddle for the D thimble, which lash on with a piece
+of well stretched rope, heaving each turn taut with a Spanish windlass,
+and fitting the score of the D thimble. Cover all with leather, and fit
+the straps for the preventer slings, &c., &c., &c.
+
+ _Note._--The iron sling-bands are now used instead of the _old
+ fashioned_ D thimble.
+
+ Chain is now generally used, and allowed to all ships in the service
+ for the slings (proper), rope ones being used as preventers. (See
+ Rigging Table.)
+
+
+=144.=--TRUSS STRAPS.
+
+A large thimble with the score well parceled, is seized into a double
+strap, which is made by splicing both ends together, and served over;
+the thimble secured in the strap with a round seizing, the splice
+laying in the score. The strap should be long enough to go round the
+yard in the quarter, both eyes lashing together on the fore side. There
+are two on each yard. One thimble is seized inside the truss pendant,
+the other outside; and one in the round of the pendant higher up than
+the other.
+
+
+=145.=--TRUSS PENDANTS[10]
+
+Are wormed, parceled, and served; an eye is spliced in one end large
+enough to take the pendant when rove through it; in the other an
+artificial eye is made, large enough to take the single block for truss
+fall. The pendant should be rove through the small eye before the
+artificial one is made, boused well taut round the yard, the eye being
+kept underneath, and one pendant higher than the other. Reeve the upper
+pendant through the upper thimble, and lower pendant through lower
+thimble. Being rove in this manner, they will lead perfectly clear of
+each other.
+
+_Hide rope_ is preferable for pendants, but the iron patent truss is
+now allowed to all vessels, up to a second class frigate inclusive.
+(_New regulation_).
+
+ [10] For length and size, see Rigging Table.
+
+
+=146.=--QUARTER BLOCKS--LOWER YARDS.
+
+Quarter or topsail sheet blocks are large single blocks, with double
+straps; the block seized in with a round seizing, and secured round
+the yard, (inside the cleat, one on each side,) with a rose-lashing
+passed through both bights on the top of the yard. Before the lashing
+is passed, the block should be hove up with heavers, and the eyes of
+the strap brought as close together as possible. This is done with a
+good strand passed through both, and hove up with a Spanish windlass.
+Vessels carrying chain topsail sheets, have iron blocks fitted to the
+iron bands in the slings of the yard for that purpose. (See Rigging
+Table).
+
+
+=147.=--CLEW GARNET BLOCKS
+
+Are single; seized into a single strap, with an eye spliced in each
+end, and are secured round the yard with a rose-lashing, the same as
+the topsail sheet blocks, just outside the cleats. Some ships have all
+the rigging inside the cleats, which is much neater.
+
+ _Note._-Iron bound blocks are allowed to all classes of vessels in
+ the navy, by the new regulation, for this purpose.
+
+
+=148.=--LIFT BLOCKS--LOWER YARDS
+
+Are single, seized into a single strap, with a round seizing; the strap
+being long enough to go over the yard arm, after the block is seized
+in. If both ends are spliced together, the splice should lay in the
+score of the block, or upper side; but a grummet will answer equally as
+well, and look snugger.
+
+
+=149.=--FOOT ROPES AND STIRRUPS.
+
+The foot ropes are cut once-and-a-half the length of the yard,
+(excepting lower yards). An eye, to fit the yard arm, is spliced in one
+end; and a small one, to take a seizing, in the other. The splicing
+served in the way of chafing (one-third) midship part.
+
+_Stirrups_ are short pieces of rope spliced round the foot rope; eyes
+spliced in the opposite ends, to go over the jackstay-bolts; splices
+served over. They are sometimes unlaid at one end and made into plait,
+and secured to the yard with flat-headed nails, having a small piece of
+hide or leather placed under their heads before being driven into the
+yard. Going over the jackstay bolts is preferable; and some seize it
+to the neck of the bolt, or staple. They hang on the after side of all
+yards.
+
+Some vessels have their foot ropes fitted to go abaft the mast, and
+seized to the parrel, which answers a very good purpose, especially in
+vessels with raking masts, as it gives the men a better opportunity to
+stand.
+
+
+=150.=--JACKSTAYS.--BENDING AND REEFING.
+
+Take a piece of rope of the proper size,[11] cut off the length of the
+yard, splice an eye in each end, to fit the yard arm, sufficiently taut
+to require being driven on. Cut in the centre, and splice a thimble in
+each end; put the strands for splicing in once-and-a-half, marl down,
+and serve over. If two jackstays on each arm, (which should always
+be the case when the sail is reefed to one), the large one, before
+splicing the thimbles in, is rove through the eye-bolts on the yard for
+the purpose; this is the reefing jackstay. The bending one is fitted
+the same way, and after being put over the yard arm, is seized to the
+neck of the bolts on the after side.
+
+This plan has been generally adopted, as it was found much easier to
+reef, than when fitted with only one jackstay; there being always
+difficulty and delay in getting the points between the jackstay and the
+yard, when the sail was bent to it. When only one jackstay, it is rove
+through the eye-bolts.
+
+ _Note._--Iron bending jackstays are now allowed for all vessels in
+ the navy.
+
+ [11] For the length and size of rope, see Rigging Table.
+
+
+=151.=--BRACE BLOCKS.--LOWER YARDS.
+
+The straps should be fitted sufficiently taut to require being driven
+on the yard arm. Two thimbles are fitted, one within the other, called
+_lock thimbles_. Take a piece of rope, of the proper size, and cut
+it long enough to go round one thimble and the yard, when spliced
+together; worm, parcel and serve it, and pass a round seizing round
+this strap, close to the thimble. Grommet straps are preferable, if
+time will permit.
+
+The block is a large single one, with two scores. For the strap take
+a piece of rope the required length, and splice both ends together;
+worm, parcel, and serve it; reeve it through the thimble already
+strapped, and pass both parts round the score of the other thimble;
+then place both bights in the scores in the brace block, keeping the
+splice in the after end of the block; pass a round seizing between the
+block and thimble, crossing it both ways, as in a double strap.
+
+_Cross-jack brace-blocks_ are single, and strapped the same as lower
+ones. A double block is secured to the after shrouds in the main
+rigging, the same as main preventer brace blocks. When reeving the
+cross-jack braces, one end of the brace is clinched, spliced, or
+half-hitched, and the end seized, just below the block; then rove
+through the block on the yard, through the inside sheave in double
+block, and through a fair leading sheave in a rack, in the side or a
+leading block. I have seen blocks strapped into bolts on the main-mast,
+for the brace and bowline, which answered well. The brace block should
+be put on the yard, sufficiently far in to be inside the topmast
+backstays, when braced up.
+
+ _Note._--These braces should be well _below_ the yard, as it always
+ _tops up_ on the wind, which slacks the weather leech; this is partly
+ the reason a mizen-topsail never stands well.
+
+
+=152.=--PLACING THE RIGGING ON LOWER YARDS.
+
+Sling bands in the centre, and also on both sides, close to the topsail
+sheet block, the truss pendants, then truss straps; if the rigging is
+all within the cleats, a clue garnet block is lashed on each side; if
+not, they are lashed one on each side, close outside. I have seen them
+both ways, but inside is preferable.
+
+Tar well the yard arm, close to the cleats and slings, in the wake of
+the rigging, first jackstay; if two, the bending one, and set it up
+amidships with a lanyard. Then the foot ropes; after going over the
+yard arm, and rove through the stirrups, they are lashed together,
+with a lanyard rove through both thimbles, and are secured with a good
+seizing to the strap of quarter block. Then the brace, and lift blocks.
+Rolling tackle straps on the inner quarter of yard, with the eye abaft
+burton straps on the outer quarter yard-arm, eye on top of yard.
+
+If the stirrups go over the jackstay bolts, they should be put over
+before the jackstay is rove.
+
+The cross jack-yard has no jackstay, head earings, or yard tackle
+straps; and the brace blocks, instead of going over the yard-arm, are
+put on some distance inside of the sheave hole for the mizen-topsail
+sheets, on the forward side of the yard.
+
+
+=153.=--GETTING UP JEER-BLOCKS, AND REEVING JEERS.
+
+Secure two single whip blocks to the after bolts in lower cap. Send the
+two foremost ends through lubber’s hole down on deck; bend them through
+the shell of the block, with two half-hitches, and seize the end. Stop
+them along each leg of the strap, the larboard whip to the larboard
+leg, and the starboard whip to the starboard leg; then stop both legs
+together with a seizing of spun-yarn in the bights--the hauling part of
+the whips being through lubber’s hole and through a leading block on
+deck; man them and hoist the blocks into their places. When clear of
+the top, cut the stop in the bights, haul on the whips, and they will
+bring the strap into its place, on each side of the mast-head. Then cut
+the upper stops, on the whips; take a turn and pass the lashing in the
+bight, securing each end to their next part. When secured, let go, and
+take off the whips.
+
+ _Reeving jeers._--The standing part is clenched round the strap of
+ the upper block, rove through the one on the yard, up through another
+ sheave in upper block, and so on, until all rove full. The hauling
+ part is rove through a leading sheave, in fore or main bitts, or
+ through leading blocks. When heaving up, they are either brought to
+ the capstan, or manned by hand.
+
+ The jeer blocks are now generally fitted with hooks, as they can be
+ got up and down much quicker. At the present day, few ships are seen
+ to carry their jeers up in their proper places.
+
+
+=154.=--LOWER LIFT BLOCKS
+
+Are double; an iron plate is bolted across the upper side of the main
+or fore cap; it is in the form of a crescent, with the hollow side
+toward the topmast. In each end of the crescent, or horn, an eye is
+turned and a thimble put in it. Instead of the eyes being turned,
+I have seen two eye-bolts driven through the crescent and cap, and
+secured underneath with a nut; a thimble is also put in the eye-bolt,
+and the blocks strapped in.
+
+The cross-jack lift blocks are single, one on each side, and can be
+fitted as the fore or main, or (a chalk) abaft the mast-head, if
+preferred, for neatness.
+
+
+=155.=--REEVING LOWER LIFTS.
+
+Clench one end round the yard outside all, then take the other end up
+and reeve it through the foremast sheave in the double block in the
+fore or main cap, then through the block on the yard, through the other
+sheave in the double block, and through lubber’s hole on deck; well up
+this part, splice a lizard for jigger tackle, or use tails selvageed on
+the end. The upper block of the jigger can be spliced or turned in to
+the lift, if preferred.
+
+The cross jack lifts go over the yard arms with an eye spliced in the
+end to fit them. The other end is rove through the block at the cap,
+and is set up with two thimbles and a lanyard in the top; one thimble
+being turned into the end, the other strapped to the eye of one of the
+lower shrouds.
+
+
+=156.=--MAIN BRACES--ON BUMKIN, &c.
+
+A single block is seized into a double strap, with a round seizing
+crossed both ways; the strap is then put over an iron outrigger, or
+bumkin on the quarters, fitted for the purpose. The standing part of
+the brace being parceled, is rove through another bolt in the bumkin,
+and spliced into it or clenched; the other end rove through the block
+on the yard arm, from out, in through the block in the bumkin, and
+through a sheave in the bulwarks (abaft), for the purpose.
+
+Double blocks are sometimes put on the bumpkin, instead of single ones,
+and also two sheaves inserted in the bulwarks instead of one, both ends
+of the brace rove, and led in-board--_a great facility in working ship_.
+
+
+=157.=--FORE BRACES
+
+Are clove-hitched, and the end seized aft on the collar of the main
+stay, below the splice; the other end taken forward and rove from in,
+out, through the block on the yard, through a single block strapped
+into a bolt in the cheek of the main-mast, with a thimble in it, close
+up to the trestle-trees; then rove from forward aft, through a sheave
+in the main fife-rail.
+
+The brace is often middled, and clove-hitched in the bight on the main
+stay, and both ends taken forward and rove as before. Some have a hole
+bored in the bibs, or cheeks of the mast, instead of clove-hitching it
+around the main stay.
+
+
+=158.=--CROSSING THE LOWER YARDS.
+
+The jeers being rove, reeve the pendants and falls, hitch the pendants
+around the quarters of the yard, splice in the lanyard of the D
+thimble, and take the yard tackles forward to keep the yard clear of
+the mast. The lifts and braces being rove, man the lifts and jeer
+falls, “sway away,” and when the yard comes abreast of the futtock
+staves, pass the lashing of the D thimble, parcel it well, over all,
+frap all parts together, and cover all with canvass; reeve the truss
+pendants, turn in the blocks, reeve the falls, haul taut the tresses,
+and square the yard by the lifts and braces.
+
+
+=159.=--TO GET ON BOARD THE TOPSAIL YARDS.
+
+A large single block is lashed to the topmast-head, through which a
+hawser is rove; overhaul it down forward and hitch it to the slings of
+the yard, stop it along the yard arm, and sway it on board. Cast off
+the hawser, middle the yard and prepare it for rigging.
+
+
+=160.=--RIGGING TOPSAIL YARDS. (FORE AND MAIN.)
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The jackstays, after going over the yard arm, are rove through the
+eye-bolts or staples, and set up a-midships with a lanyard and thimble
+spliced in.
+
+Foot ropes round the yard abaft, on their opposite quarters, as
+follows:--splice the lanyard into the eye in the end; take it over the
+yard, and round on the fore side, underneath through the eye; again
+back round the yard on the fore side, through the eye, and back the
+same way, until sufficient turns are taken to secure it. Then take
+a half-hitch from the lower edge of the eye, round all parts of the
+lashing; pass it round before; reeve through the eye on the upper side,
+take two half-hitches round all, and secure the end.
+
+Tye blocks are now generally iron-strapped, and bolted into _straps_
+round the yard for the purpose. If fitted with rope, they must have
+double straps, and secured round the yard, on the upper foremost
+quarter, with a rose-lashing. If they are single blocks, two on each
+yard.
+
+Quarter blocks are double blocks, iron strapped, and secured in the
+same way as tye blocks. Much time is saved by having them fitted in
+this manner, as in shifting yards, the topgallant sheets, and topsail
+clewlines need not be unrove, which must be the case if rope-strapped.
+If rope-strapped they are seized into a single strap, and lashed on top
+of the yard with a rose-lashing.
+
+ _Parrel._--Take two pieces of rope, one longer than the other; the
+ long one of sufficient length to go round the mast and yard on each
+ side; the short leg to go round the mast, and lash to the long leg
+ on each side. An eye is spliced in each end, are wormed, parceled,
+ and served; both marled together and covered with leather. A round
+ seizing is passed around both, close to the eye of the short leg, on
+ each side. The long leg is taken round the yard, brought round on the
+ fore side, and secured to the short leg with a lashing of small rope,
+ passed through both eyes. The other eyes are lashed together when the
+ yard is across.
+
+ Brace blocks are strapped in the same way as fore or main yard.
+
+ Flemish horse is a short piece of rope spliced round a thimble, which
+ is on the neck of the pacific-iron,[12] it has an eye spliced in the
+ other end, and when the yard is rigged, is secured the same as a foot
+ rope, just inside the brace block, two or three feet, according to
+ the length of the yard. They should be long enough to allow a man to
+ stand on them to pass an earing, &c. They are sometimes fitted to
+ lower and top-gallant yards, for the convenience of reefing, &c.
+
+ Jewel-blocks are single blocks, seized into a strap put over a
+ thimble on the neck of the pacific-iron, outside the thimble for the
+ Flemish horse. Some fit them to go over the yard arm. Others fit them
+ with sister hooks, to hook to the pacific iron.
+
+ _Straps._--Half way out, on each yard arm, a strap is fitted long
+ enough to allow a thimble to be secured in it, with a seizing passed
+ between the yard and thimble,--this is called a rolling tackle
+ strap. Also, straps are put on the yard, with thimbles seized in the
+ same way, inside the lift, to hook a burton to; but a selvagee strap
+ is generally used for that purpose.
+
+ [12] Is what the boom-iron ships on.
+
+
+=161.=--THE MIZEN TOPSAIL YARD
+
+Is rigged nearly the same as the others, but the brace blocks are on
+the fore-side, and the Flemish horses generally spliced into bolts in
+the ends of the yards, with round thimbles in them. There is seldom
+more than one tye-block on this yard, and no jewel blocks.
+
+
+=162.=--PLACING THE RIGGING ON TOPSAIL YARDS.
+
+Tar the yard arms; first the jackstay, foot ropes, brace, and lift
+block; if no lift block, the lift; Flemish horses, and jewel-blocks.
+The quarter blocks should be lashed so as to hang clear of the cap,
+when the yard is down. See that the boom irons go on, and a small
+cleat, or saddle, inside of the sheave hole, about two feet on each
+yard-arm, to keep the topgallant sheets clear of the yard. Also reefing
+cleats on yard-arms, outside the lift.
+
+
+=163.=--CROSSING THE TOPSAIL YARDS.
+
+Reeve a hawser through one of the hanging blocks; send one end down
+before all, the other through lubber’s hole, and through a leading
+block on deck. Take a round turn, and timber-hitch the hawser round
+the slings of the yard; stop it along the larboard yard-arm, if got up
+on the starboard side; if got up on the larboard side, the contrary.
+Overhaul well down to main or fore rigging, the starboard lifts and
+braces; the larboard into the top, and stop them ready for rigging. Man
+the hawser, and “sway away.” When the upper yard arm is clear of the
+top, put over the brace and lift, (or block,) and “sway higher;” rig
+the lower yard arm, take in the slack of the lifts and braces, then
+cast off the stops on the upper yard-arm, and when the yard is well up,
+take two or three turns with the parrel-lashing; bouse well up on the
+starboard or lower lifts, overhaul the larboard, and the stops being
+cast off, the yard will fall across. Secure the parrel; square the yard
+by braces and lifts, and cast off and unreeve the hawser.
+
+ _Note._--In large ships the lifts and brace blocks are generally
+ placed on the yard arms before the yard is sent aloft. The braces are
+ rove when the yard goes up. I would also recommend double yard ropes
+ in heavy ships in crossing topsail yards; also to use the burtons.
+
+
+=164.=--FITTING FLY-BLOCKS FOR TOPSAIL HALLIARDS.
+
+The blocks spliced into the tyes are so called. They are large flat
+blocks; some double, sometimes single, and often one double and one
+single to each. The tyes are sometimes spliced taut round them; but
+this way is bad; as the rope stretches, the blocks cant, and are
+split. Also a long-eye is sometimes made in the end of the tye, and
+the fly block kept in its place by a round seizing passed close above
+the block. The block in general use is seized into a strap, leaving
+sufficient space above to splice the tye in; or a thimble spliced into
+the end of the tye, and the fly block strapped with a pair of sister
+hooks, to hook to the tyes. Either of the latter ways are preferable to
+the former.
+
+When the yard is on the cap, these blocks should be square with the
+top rails. Before turning in and setting up for a full due, an iron
+traveler is put on the topmast backstay, which is seized to the
+fly-block,--it prevents the block from striking or injuring the top
+when lowering; it also keeps the turns out of the halliards. There is
+sometimes a traveling jackstay fitted for this purpose.
+
+ _Reeving Topsail Halliards._--When rove double, a single block is
+ strapped into, or hooked, to a swivel bolt in the after part of the
+ chains; one end of the halliards is spliced into the upper part of
+ the strap of this block, or bent into a becket put there for the
+ purpose, and the end seized. The other end is then rove through one
+ of the sheaves in the double block in the tye, then through the
+ sheave in the single block in the chains, through the other sheave in
+ the double block, and through a leading block on deck.
+
+ _The Mizen Topsail Halliards_ have only one tye. The standing part
+ is clenched or half-hitched to the strap, with the thimble, at the
+ mizen-topmast head, and a single block spliced or secured in the
+ end. Another single block is strapped into a swivel bolt in the mizen
+ chains, and the halliards rove as with two single blocks; the fall
+ rove through a leading block or cheek. (Some ships have a treble fly
+ block).
+
+
+=165.=--RIGGING TOPGALLANT YARDS.
+
+They are got on board like the topsail yards. Leather the slings,
+seize-on the D thimble, parrel, and quarter blocks, rolling
+tackle straps,--tar the yard arms--foot ropes the same as topsail
+yards--stirrups one to each foot rope--iron jackstays secured to the
+yard with staples, fitted the same way as rope. (Iron sling-bands are
+allowed by the _new regulation_.)
+
+The lifts are single; an eye is spliced to fit the yard-arm; the other
+end is rove through the thimble, or bull’s-eye, or a half sister-block
+in the topgallant-rigging; a thimble turned into the end, and a lanyard
+spliced into it, and set up to another thimble strapped round a futtock
+plate inside the dead-eye in the top, or set up on the end.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ _Braces._--A single block is seized into a single strap, having an
+ eye to fit the yard-arm. If a single brace, an eye is spliced to fit
+ the yard-arm, and the lift and brace marled together.
+
+ The quarter-blocks are double; are seized into a single strap, an
+ eye being spliced in each end;--they lash together on the top of the
+ yard--the foremost sheave for top-gallant clewline, after one for
+ royal sheet.
+
+ _Parrel._--A long and short leg. Take a piece of rope, cut it the
+ required length, and splice the ends together round the yard. In one
+ bight seize a thimble, with a round seizing; the other one round the
+ yard; pass a round seizing close to the yard, round the parrel on the
+ after side; splice a lanyard into the thimble, and fit a short strap
+ the same way on the other quarter. These straps are sometimes served,
+ and often covered with leather,--they go inside the cleats. Grommets
+ can be worked if preferred, and dispense with the thimbles, as they
+ are likely to injure the mast. Jaws are also recommended. The patent
+ iron parrels are now in use in the navy, but are found not to answer
+ for ships of war.
+
+ Tripping beckets are fitted one on each yard-arm; work grummet straps
+ on quarter of yard, seize a thimble in with a round seizing passed
+ between the yard and thimble. A grommet is put on the yard rope, to
+ fit the yard-arm, when getting ready for crossing. Also, a lizard;
+ a small piece of rope with a thimble spliced in one end, the other
+ whipped. It goes on the yard rope before being bent to the yard.
+
+ When ready for going aloft, the yard rope is bent on, and the yard
+ stopped to the lower rigging; the main on the starboard side, fore
+ and mizen on the larboard side.
+
+ _Note._--Royal yards, opposite sides, to the topgallant yards.
+
+
+=166.=--TOPGALLANT BRACES.
+
+_Fore._--If double, the standing part is clove-hitched round the first
+and second shrouds of the main topmast rigging; or crotch of the stay,
+through the block for the brace, through another single tail block,
+secured to the first and second shrouds (the same as, and under the
+standing part), through lubber’s hole, and through a fair leading
+sheave on deck.
+
+They are often led forward from the blocks in the topmast rigging,
+through a leading block strapped round the eyes of the fore rigging,
+or after part of the top, and through fair leading sheaves on the
+forecastle. In ships of war, I prefer them abaft. The block in the
+topmast rigging is fitted as follows:--
+
+A single piece of rope is spliced round a single block, having a tail
+about three or four feet long; clove-hitch this tail round the first
+shroud, then round the second, and seize the end. I have seen a round
+turn taken round the first, and a clove-hitch round the second; either
+plan will do, but if neatness is studied, clove-hitch round the second
+and third; this will bring the block under the rigging, and out of
+sight. If rove single, the block is secured the same way--an eye made
+in the end of the brace to fit the yard-arm; the other end rove through
+the block on deck, as before.
+
+A whip is sometimes put on the brace, the block spliced in close up
+to the cat-harpens, which answers very well. One end of the whip is
+spliced into a bolt on deck, the other led through a fair leading
+sheave or block.
+
+ _Main._--The main topgallant braces are fitted the same as the
+ fore, with the exception of leading. The standing part is secured
+ in the same manner to the foremost, or second and third shrouds of
+ mizen-topmast rigging; the hauling part before all, through lubber’s
+ hole, and through a sheave in the rack, or a leading block, to the
+ side abreast of the mizen-mast.
+
+ _Mizen._--The mizen topgallant braces are single. An eye is spliced
+ in one end to fit the yard-arm. The other end is rove through a
+ single block; seized into a single strap, and secured to an eye-bolt
+ on each side of the main cap, and through lubber’s hole on deck. I
+ have seen these braces led through blocks in main topmast rigging, in
+ harbor, where appearance has been much studied.
+
+
+=167.=--CROSSING TOPGALLANT YARDS.
+
+One man stands on the topmast cap; two on the crosstrees (one on each
+side), one of the latter shoves off the grommet, and rigs the upper
+yard-arm; the man on the opposite side bears off,--one man stands in
+the topmast rigging to put on the lower lift and brace; another stands
+on the topsail yard, ready to bear off; the lower lift should be well
+manned in the top.
+
+When the order “sway out of the chains,” is given, the man standing on
+the fore part of the top bears the yard rope off, to clear the yard-arm
+of the top--when clear, “sway away.” When the yard-arm is clear of the
+crosstrees, the grommet is shoved off, the upper lift and brace is put
+on, and the order “sway higher” is given; then the lower lift and brace
+is put on, and the lift hauled well taut. The man on the cap has the
+parrel-lashing in his hand, ready for passing; he reeves a turn, and
+on the order, “sway cross,” he hauls on the lizard. The lower lift is
+boused on, and the yard falls across; the braces are hauled taut, and
+the yard squared.
+
+When a ship is going to sea, the lifts and braces are stopt to the
+jackstay, and the topgallant yard ropes toggled for halliards, or
+half-hitched over the upper block. To toggle the halliards: Strap two
+single blocks, with single straps, leaving an eye below the seizing,
+in one, to take a small lashing; in the other to take the bight of the
+topgallant yard rope. Lash the block with the small eye, to the eye of
+a lower shroud, and reeve the yard rope through it. To the strap of the
+other block secure the toggle with a nettle lanyard.
+
+ _Note._--Separate halliards may be fitted to dog on to the yard rope,
+ with a double-tailed lizard, and hook the lower block to an eye-bolt
+ in the top, which answers a better purpose.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=168.=--ROYAL YARDS
+
+Are fitted the same as topgallant yards, and rigged the same, with the
+exception of the quarter blocks, which are single. In small vessels
+they have no jackstay, the sail being bent to the yard. Topgallant
+sails are often bent the same way, but jackstays keep the sail much
+better up on the yard. Some prefer a wooden batten nailed to the
+yard. Iron jackstays are now used for all vessels in the navy. (_New
+Regulation._)
+
+ _Fore Royal Braces._--Two blocks fitted in one strap, as span blocks,
+ are lashed round the main topgallant mast-head; the blocks standing
+ on the foremost quarter, on each side. Between the after part of the
+ fore topmast trestle-trees, _a piece of wood with two sheaves_, the
+ same size, and a large one in the centre, is secured.[13] The braces
+ are single, an eye is spliced in one end to fit the royal yard-arm;
+ the other end rove through the span-blocks, back again through the
+ sheaves in the fore topmast trestle-trees, and into the fore top.
+
+ The blocks are often strapped separately, and seized into the strap
+ with a round seizing, leaving room for a seizing to be passed through
+ the strap, and round the eye of the topgallant stay, before going
+ on the funnel, one on each side. This will not look so neat as span
+ blocks, and are not so easily taken off and put on. The blocks for
+ royal braces are often seized on the topgallant stay, with the idea
+ of clearing the foot of the main royal.
+
+ _Main royal braces_ are fitted in the same manner as the fore, and
+ led through single blocks on mizen-topgallant mast-head, and back
+ into the main top; or through lubber’s hole in the mizen-top on deck.
+ The latter is decidedly the best plan, as they can be much better
+ attended to when under the eye of the officer of the watch, than when
+ left to the topmen.
+
+ _Mizen royal braces_ are fitted the same as the others, and lead
+ through sheaves in the after ends of the main topmast crosstrees, and
+ into the top.
+
+ _Crossing royal yards._--They are crossed the same as the topgallant
+ yards. When they are rigged aloft, the topgallant masts should be
+ fitted with jacks for the men to stand on, not only to expedite the
+ crossing, but also for the safety of the men. They are made of iron,
+ and put on the topgallant mast immediately over the hounds; the jack
+ is made round to fit the mast, and is put on before the funnel, if
+ used. The horns on each side are of a proportioned length to the
+ mast; an eye is turned in the end of each horn, for the royal rigging
+ to reeve through, and set up as before. When no royal rigging, the
+ breast backstay should be rove through the eye, and set up in the top
+ with a gun tackle purchase, fitted between the two after dead-eyes.
+
+ Royal rigging is quite unnecessary, in my opinion, except in large
+ vessels--the breast and standing backstay is sufficient.
+
+ _Royal sheets_ are either toggled or bent to the clews, rove through
+ sheaves, in the yard-arms, and through the after-sheave in quarter
+ block, on the topgallant yard; through leading thimbles on the
+ topmast rigging, and into the top, or on deck.
+
+ [13] This piece of wood is called a fair-leading chock.
+
+
+=169.=--ROYAL AND TOPGALLANT GEAR.
+
+When the topgallant and royal yards are sent on deck, the topgallant
+sheets are stopped to the topmast-head, and hauled taut on deck. I have
+seen them in harbor stopt to the tye-blocks close down to the yard.
+The former is decidedly the best plan, as they are always ready for
+bending; the clewlines and bowlines, are also stopped at the mast-head.
+
+The lifts and braces are taken outside the topgallant rigging, and the
+eyes stopt to the rigging at the topmast-head, before all;--hauled taut
+on deck, and in the top.
+
+Royal gear is stopt at the topgallant mast-head, and hauled taut on
+deck, or in the top.
+
+
+=170.=--SPANKER-BOOM, TRYSAIL-MAST, AND GAFF.
+
+The spanker-boom, trysail-mast, and gaff, may be got on board by the
+yard and stay-tackle. Put the hoops on the trysail-mast, and stop them;
+sway away by a pendant tackle, and point the mast through the after
+chock of the trestle-trees; lash its head to the mizen mast-head;
+leather the boom in the wake of the crutch; seize on sheet-blocks,
+and reeve the sheets; tar the boom, put over the foot-ropes, which
+are set up, just outside the taffrail; boom-guys, which go with a
+gun-tackle purchase to the quarters. Hook the topping lift to an iron
+span around the boom; ship and key the boom; seize on a cleat to belay
+the outhaulers to; then leather the jaws of the gaff, fit throat, and
+peak-halliard blocks, brail blocks,[14] vangs and blocks,--reeve throat
+and peak-halliards, hoist up the gaff, and haul taut the vangs.
+
+The spencer gaff may be rigged nearly in the same manner.
+
+Chocks should be fitted to go in between the lower and trysail
+mast-heads. Copper the mast, in the way of the jaws.
+
+ [14] Cheek-blocks are allowed, fitted to all gaffs, by new
+ regulation. (_See Block Table._)
+
+
+=171.=--SPANKER-BOOM SHEET AND GUYS IN ONE.
+
+Into a bolt, with a thimble in each quarter, strap a double block with
+a single strap; then seize into two grommet-straps, worked round the
+boom, (wormed and covered,) two single blocks, one on each side, just
+outside the taffrail, or crutch. Secure these blocks in their straps,
+with a round seizing passed between the block and the boom. The rope
+for the guys is middled and cut; then an eye, or cut splice made to fit
+the boom end. Take the larboard guy, and reeve it through one of the
+sheaves in the double block on the quarter, through the single block on
+the boom, through the other sheave in the double block, through a fair
+leader in the side, and pull it up on deck. The starboard one is rove
+in the same manner, through the block on the starboard quarter.
+
+
+=172.=--SPANKER-BOOM TOPPING-LIFTS.
+
+A cheek with a sheave in it, is bolted on each side of the mizen
+trestle-trees, under the rigging; instead of this cheek, a single
+block is often strapped into a bolt, with a thimble in it. On the boom
+outside the taffrail, is an iron hoop, with an eye-bolt on each side,
+and thimbles in them. Parcel the thimbles in the outside bolts, and
+into them splice the topping lifts; the other end reeve down through
+the cheeks on the trestle-trees, or block, and splice a parceled
+thimble in the end, for the purpose of hooking the jigger-tackle.
+
+
+=173.=--A BRIG OR SCHOONER’S MAIN-BOOM.
+
+There being so little boom projecting over the stern, guys are
+unnecessary. On each quarter, strap a double block, and one on
+each side of the boom, in separate straps: through these reeve the
+sheet,--the standing-part from the strap of the quarter-block, and
+hauling part through one of the sheaves of the quarter-block. In
+working with the watch they are found very useful; one man can ease
+over, while two more can take in the slack. A boom-tackle is fitted
+with a pendant, to hook forward to an eye-bolt outside, and used when
+necessary. (_Also crotch-ropes_).
+
+
+=174.=--REEVING PEAK-HALLIARDS.
+
+The standing-part is spliced into an eye-bolt underneath, or bottom
+of the block; then the other end rove through the inside block on the
+gaff, from forward, aft; then through a sheave in the double block,
+through the outer block on the gaff, from forward, aft, and down
+through the sheave in the double block, and through a leading sheave in
+the bitts, or block on deck.
+
+_You may dispense with one block, and splice the standing-part round
+the gaff._
+
+
+=175.=--REEVING THROAT-HALLIARDS.
+
+The standing-part is spliced into the single block, which is hooked to
+the gaff, up through the double block under the top, down through the
+single block, up again through the other sheave in double block, and
+through a leader, opposite to the peak-halliards.
+
+
+=176.=--TO FIT SINGLE VANGS.
+
+Middle the required length of rope, and seize a cuckold’s-neck in
+the bight to fit the gaff-end, and lead one end on each side. The
+cuckold’s-neck should be neatly covered with canvass, and two snug
+seizings put on each quarter of the neck, showing two parts of the rope
+on the top of the gaff, and one underneath. Paint the eye the same
+color as the gaff.
+
+
+=177.=--DOUBLE VANGS.
+
+Seize into each bight of a long grommet strap, a single block, and
+secure the strap round the end of the gaff, outside the rigging cleats,
+with a lashing passed round the strap underneath the gaff, and over
+each block. Splice the standing part of the fall into a bolt; reeve the
+other end through the block on the gaff, and through a single block
+strapped into a bolt, also in the bulwarks. Blocks fitted in this
+way are called span-blocks. This is decidedly the best plan, as the
+purchase can be of use until hauled close down on deck. Pendants are
+now seldom used.
+
+
+=178.=--FITTING GAFFS WITH CHEEKS, OR BRAIL-BLOCKS.
+
+Close to the jaws, outside the single blocks for the throat-brails,
+secure two double blocks, strapped in the same manner as the outer
+blocks used for the peak-brails. The peak-brails, after being rove
+through the outer blocks, are led through the double ones in the jaws,
+and on deck through leading blocks.
+
+Gaffs are also fitted with cheeks, instead of blocks; and sheaves cut
+in the jaws for the throat-brails, and fair leaders; which is the
+approved plan at present, and is very neat. Some ships in the service
+have their gaffs fitted to hook to an iron band, with a hook in the end
+of the gaff, instead of jaws. Others travel up and down an iron groove
+or railway, fitted to the lower mast (using no trysail-mast). Others
+again use a wooden batten nailed to the mast; some an iron jackstay,
+and some a rope one. _The try-sail masts are preferable, in a gale of
+wind._
+
+
+=179.=--GETTING UP A GAFF.
+
+Pass the jaw rope; man the throat and peak-halliards, the former
+best, and sway the gaff up; when high enough, rack the halliards with
+spun-yarn to their own parts aloft, and the halliards can be hauled up,
+and coiled in the top out of the way. Steady the gaff amidships, by the
+vangs.
+
+ _Note._--All gaffs should be peaked, or elevated to an angle parallel
+ with the mizen-topmast stay.
+
+
+=180.=--LOWER STUDDING-SAIL OR SWINGING-BOOMS.
+
+The lower swinging-booms have goose-necks fitted on one end, which in
+line-of-battle ships and frigates, hook to the foremost part of the
+fore chains, to iron straps fitted for the purpose. They are got in
+their places when brought alongside, with a burton from the foremost
+shroud, and another on the after backstay. One-third from the outer
+end, an iron band is fitted, to which the rigging is hooked. When
+secured for sea, they are got close into the side and lashed to a bolt
+for the purpose. When in harbor, in large ships, they are sometimes
+hooked to eye-bolts in the bends, which bringing them lower down, cause
+the boats, when moored, to ride easier. A small Jacob’s-ladder is
+fitted to the fore chains, and sets up to the boom close into the side;
+also one or two seized on the boom some distance out, for the men to
+get into their boats with.
+
+The fore guy is hooked to the boom, the other end taken forward and
+rove through a single block strapped in a bolt in the bowsprit cap, and
+led in on the forecastle. It is sometimes rove through a block on the
+spritsail-yard, and is of great use in getting the boom from the side;
+if no spritsail-yard, blocks can be fitted round the outriggers, or
+whiskers.
+
+The after guy is hooked to the boom, and the other end led in through
+a sheave in the side; in large ships, on the main deck, close before
+the gangway port; in flush-deck vessels through the bulwarks. In large
+vessels they are rove double.
+
+The topping lift is hooked to the boom the same as the guys.
+
+ _The topping lift block._--Take a single block, large enough for the
+ rope to be rove in; seize it into a single strap, wormed and served,
+ leaving a small eye beyond the seizing, to take several parts of
+ small rope. Seize this block on to the second shroud (if only one
+ swifter forward), half-way between the futtock-stave, and seizing
+ of the eye, passing sufficient turns to secure it well. When seized
+ in this way there will be more space between the shrouds, than if
+ seized closer up, which will allow the topping lift to work clearer,
+ and cause no chafing. I have seen this block seized to the eye of a
+ shroud well up, but prefer the former.
+
+ _The lizard._--On the topping lift put a large-sized thimble; round
+ this thimble splice a piece of rope about five fathoms long; for a
+ large ship a piece of three-inch rope would be large enough. Reeve
+ the topping lift between the first and second futtock shrouds,
+ through the block, and send the end between the shrouds on deck.
+
+ A luff-tackle purchase is often fitted to the topping lift, half-way
+ up the fore rigging.
+
+ Hoist up ship and key the boom; put on single blocks for forward and
+ after guys, reeve, hook, and haul taut the topping lift.
+
+ _Note._--Several ships in the service have span blocks fitted across
+ their fore cap, and a clump block, or bull’s-eye, fitted on each fore
+ yard-arm, abaft the lift block. The topping lift is rove through the
+ block on the cap, then through the one on the yard-arm, to the boom;
+ which does away with the lizard, and when the boom is alongside, at
+ sea, the topping lift can be unhooked from the boom, and triced up
+ with the rest of the studding sail gear, under the fore yard. _This
+ method is much approved of in large ships._
+
+
+=181.=--LOWER STUDDING SAIL OUTHAUL, BLOCK, &c., &c., &c.
+
+Seize a single block into a double strap, leaving an eye to fit the
+boom end, wormed and served. Then take a piece of six-thread stuff, and
+pass several turns round the strap and the bolt, and hitch it round all
+parts.
+
+ _Topmast studding-sail tack-block._--Take a single block the required
+ size, strap it with a good piece of rope, leaving a tail long enough
+ to clove-hitch round the boom, and seize to the bolt in the end. This
+ block is often strapped round the boom, and kept in its place with a
+ bolt in the end of the boom, or a hole bored for the purpose. Sheaves
+ are sometimes cut, but they are bad, as the least slue in the boom
+ takes away whatever purchase the sheave would give.
+
+ _Lower studding-sail halliard block, &c., &c._--Seize a single block
+ into a single strap, leaving an eye to fit the boom taut. A small
+ cleat should be nailed on the boom, to prevent the block slipping
+ in, or the strap secured with a bolt. When the halliards are rove, a
+ single block is hooked to the burton pendant, or lashed. The pendant
+ is sometimes fitted with a block spliced in one end, and secured to
+ the mast-head, over the rigging, with a lashing passed through an
+ eye spliced in the other, and round the mast-head. This is quite
+ unnecessary, as the block lashed or hooked to the pendant, answers
+ the same purpose.
+
+ _Reeving the halliards._--Reeve through the block to the pendant,
+ before the rigging, then through the block on the boom Send the
+ hauling part through lubber’s hole on deck, and through a leading
+ block.
+
+ The boom brace is spliced round the boom between the blocks. A single
+ block is spliced in the end, half-way between the boom; when the yard
+ is square, reeve a fall. The standing part, when the sail is set,
+ is clove-hitched round the foremost shroud of the main rigging; the
+ other end through a leading tail block to the same place. Small ships
+ are not allowed boom braces.
+
+ For inner halliards, use the fore clew-jigger, hooked to the forward
+ part of the top. When the sail is not set, and the boom rigged in,
+ the inner halliards are also used to trice the gear up; it is then
+ stopped with yarns snugly to the jackstay, and the ends of the gear
+ coiled inside the futtock-shrouds, being previously stopped together.
+
+
+=182.=--TOPMAST STUDDING-SAIL SPAN BLOCKS, HALLIARDS, &c.
+
+Seize two single blocks into each bight of a strap, long enough to go
+across the topmast cap; allowing the blocks to hang clear on each side.
+Take a piece of small rope, and pass a lashing round the strap, over
+both blocks, under the cap, and then seize the blocks to eye-bolts in
+the cap.
+
+To make the strap, take a piece of rope of sufficient size and length;
+worm and serve it, splice both ends together, and secure the blocks
+in their places with round seizings. Through these blocks reeve the
+halliards; first through the span blocks down, take the upper end and
+reeve it down on the foreside of the topsail yard, through the block
+on the neck of the boom-iron; the other end is sent down abaft the
+foremost crosstrees, before the topmast rigging, through lubber’s hole
+on deck, and through a leading block. When not in use at sea, the
+bending end is hitched round the clew of the topsail, and the hauling
+part hauled up in the top. In harbor they are generally unrove, and the
+span-blocks taken down.
+
+The downhaul is bent to the sail and made up in it.
+
+Sheets are also bent to the sail and made up.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=183.=--TOPGALLANT STUDDING-SAIL BOOMS, &c.
+
+_Tricing lines_--Are single. A single block is seized on to a shroud,
+close up, and a fall rove through it; one end is bent to the boom, the
+other sent into the top. When in harbor, a thimble should be fitted
+a few feet above the topsail yard, on the foremost shroud, and the
+tricing line rove through it. As everything is generally done in a
+hurry, trying who will be first, the booms are hardly ever properly
+secured, if lowered, after loosing to dry, and the men running out on
+the yards with the booms swinging about, frequently occasion accidents.
+
+ _Topmast studding-sail boom._--When no boom brace is allowed and
+ no lower studding-sail set, carrying the topmast studding-sail,
+ blowing fresh, a brace can be put on, without rigging the boom in,
+ as follows:--Take a belaying-pin, or anything that will answer for a
+ toggle, and secure it to the lower studding-sail halliards, with a
+ clove-hitch round the toggle, hauling the parts well taut; haul the
+ toggle close to the block on the boom, and belay; and it will answer
+ equally as well as a brace. The inner end of the halliards should not
+ be let go, for in case the lower studding-sail requires to be set,
+ the end can be hauled in, the toggle taken out, and the halliards
+ overhauled for bending.
+
+ _Note._--Should the boom _top up_ much, and require a martingale more
+ than a brace, toggle the halliards the same way, and bouse it well
+ taut through a leading-block, perpendicular to the boom.
+
+
+=184.=--GETTING STUDDING-SAIL BOOMS UP.
+
+All studding-sail booms have two holes in the inner end, for a
+heel-lashing, and strap for the in-and-out-jigger, and sometimes a
+sheave in the other end for the tack. Take a piece of rope long enough
+for the heel-lashing; make a knot (a wall and crowned), in one end;
+reeve it through the hole in the boom end, haul through to the knot,
+and whip the other end; with the latter take two half-hitches, a little
+inside the sheaves, or outer end, and seize the end to the boom. Take
+a tail-block and half-hitch it half-way out the fore or main topsail
+yard, according to the boom required to be got up. Through this block,
+reeve a rope as a whip, (if a heavy boom, it should be a double one,)
+bend one end to the span, made with the heel-lashing, so as to balance
+the boom; the other reeve through a leading block on deck. Stop the
+hoisting part to the boom end by the sheave, and sway away. When high
+enough, cut the stops at the boom-end, and the boom will hang in the
+whip, on a line with the yard; point it through the boom-iron,--cast
+off the whip and span, and secure the heel-lashing, rigging boom out to
+square mark.
+
+
+=185.=--TOPGALLANT STUDDING-SAIL GEAR.
+
+If blocks in the topgallant rigging, the halliards are rove through
+them; one end is led into the top, abaft all, the other through the
+jewel-block on the yard-arm. Jewel blocks are single blocks, seized
+into single straps, having an eye to go over the bolt in the topgallant
+yard-arm. A small toggle is secured to the strap with a knittle
+lanyard. The eye in the strap is put over the bolt, and the toggle
+put in--the upper end of the halliards are rove through this block,
+on the foreside of the topgallant yard. When the sail is not bent,
+the studding-sail halliards are overhauled down, and hitched to the
+foremost shroud ready for bending. The jewel-blocks are always taken
+off, when getting ready to send the yards down, and an overhaul knot
+made on the end of the halliards, to prevent them from unreeving from
+the blocks. Whenever the order is given to “unbend the topgallant
+gear,” the jewel-blocks must be taken off.
+
+ _Tacks._--Sheaves are sometimes cut in the boom ends, but as they
+ hardly ever answer well, and generally cause delay, and likewise
+ require more men to get the tack out, blocks are decidedly
+ preferable. Tail-blocks are best, as they can be so easily taken off
+ and put on. Clove-hitching round the boom, and the end secured to the
+ eye-bolt, is preferable to having a hole bored in the boom for the
+ tail to reeve through, as it only weakens it, and is not necessary.
+ The tack is rove through this block, and when the sail is to be set,
+ the inner end is bent to the clew of the sail; the outer end led to
+ the after part of the top, where it is hauled out, and generally
+ belayed to a shroud or cleat.
+
+ _Note._--Belaying either the halliards or tack to the rigging is bad,
+ as they are constantly coming up. Cleats should be nailed on the
+ after part of the top for the tacks. Two small tail-blocks, one on
+ each side, secured to the after futtock-plate, for leading blocks,
+ are of great use in getting the tacks out.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+  1. Paint and oil room.
+  2. General Store-room.
+  3. Bread-room.
+  4. Coal-locker.
+  5. Tanks.
+  6. Casks.
+  7. Chain-locker.
+  8. Tier Gratings.
+  9. Shot-locker.
+ Sail room 10. Shell-room.
+ 11. Spirit-room.
+ 12. Bread-room.
+ 13. Slop-room.
+ 14. Marine Stores.
+ 15. Magazine.
+ * Filling-room.
+ 16. Light-room.
+
+A Representation of the Internal Arrangements and Stowage of the Hold
+of a First-Class Sloop-of-War, U. S. N.]
+
+
+=186.=--STOWING-HOLD AND SPIRIT-ROOM. (BALLAST AND TANKS).
+
+See that the limbers are clear from chips or dirt, and place the
+limber boards. Clean, sweep, and white-wash the hold; place hoop-poles
+athwart-ships for dunnage, as near to each other as possible, so that
+each pig of iron will rest at least on two of them. The rust should be
+well beaten off the ballast, and each pig white-washed. As the stowing
+of a ship’s hold and ballast, depends so much on her build, it is not
+possible to lay down any precise rule; it is, however, recommended to
+preserve a strict line of _level_ in the position of the tanks. To
+effect this, and to produce the desired uniformity of surface, the
+stower must commence the stowage from the midship stanchions in the
+hold, and work _outwards_ regularly towards the direction of the wings.
+The slightest irregularity of surface in the tops of the tanks may be
+the means of throwing out the general stowage, and ultimately causing
+a considerable deficit in the quantity of water which the hold is
+calculated to contain.
+
+A short, though rather a rough way of calculating the weight of ballast
+required, is to allow one ton of ballast, for ten of tonnage for each
+class of vessels.[15]
+
+Winging the ballast tends to make a vessel roll, and building up
+a-midships to keep her steady. Without venturing on details, it may be
+remarked that the plan of keeping the ballast in the body of the ship,
+and clear of the extremities, seems to be most generally approved of;
+while at the same time care should be taken to keep her on, or parallel
+to _the line of flotation_, designated by the builder. The ballast in
+the spirit-room, should be a continuation of that in the hold. Make a
+draft of the ballast, indicating the exact number of pigs, the position
+they occupy, and their exact weight.
+
+Previous to getting on board the water tanks, a plan of stowing them
+may be easily arranged by means of rough models of them in wood,
+which a carpenter can easily make. In getting the tanks from the
+store, attention should be directed to the lid-sockets, which if not
+properly lined with fearnought, will allow much of their contents to
+escape in rolling; as also to the obtaining the proper quantity of
+keys, and see that they are short enough to work between the deck and
+tanks, if the vessel is a small one. White-washing tanks inside, is
+found by experience to be highly useful in keeping the water pure. The
+screws for letting off the water require very careful treatment; for
+they are apt, if once started, never to be so tight again; and after
+being three or four years in use, the nuts decay, rendering the keys
+useless. If the water cannot be turned off from the tanks by the proper
+mode, there seems to be no other way of getting rid of it, in a case of
+necessity, but by forcing a hole in the bottom with a crowbar.
+
+The tanks should be stowed during the time the ship is rigging.
+
+ _Note._--By a late order, the valve in the bottom of all water tanks
+ is stopped up, and the screw taken out. Those that are now made new,
+ have no screw. There is also an alteration in the lids for the better.
+
+ [15] The weight of chain cables and water tanks, are considered in
+ this calculation, also half of the shot. Also a consultation with the
+ builder.
+
+
+=187.=--STOWING CASKS.
+
+Strike down their beds, place and whitewash them; then commence stowing
+the casks at the after bulk-head in the hold, observing to have the
+largest casks in the kelson tier, and the gauges of the cask on each
+side of the kelson, to correspond. Be careful that the bung-holes are
+all up, the bilge free, and head clear.
+
+After completing the first tier, go on with the second, placing hanging
+beds between the casks, and stowing barked wood in all the breakages.
+As the tiers approach the wings, let the size of the cask diminish.
+
+
+=188.=--STOWAGE OF PROVISIONS, NAVAL STORES, &c.
+
+Stow the beef on the larboard side, and the pork, starboard side; with
+the flour, rice, and beans in the wings; chocking all fore and aft with
+wood. The casks in the spirit-room are stowed in the same manner, with
+the exception that the stowage is commenced forward, instead of aft.
+Whiskey, molasses, and vinegar are always stowed in casks. The liquors
+of the medical department, and purser’s stores, are generally stowed in
+the spirit-room. Dry provisions should not be stowed under the wet, and
+should be placed in such a manner, that when required, they may be got
+at without disturbing all the hold.
+
+Make a draft of the lower, and riding tiers, and spirit-room, with the
+guages of all the casks on the draft; the number of barrels, boxes,
+&c., with the kind of provisions they contain.
+
+The shot and wads may also be got on board, and stowed in their
+respective lockers.
+
+
+=189.=--STOWING CHAIN CABLES.
+
+The chain cables are got on board through the hawse-holes,[16] and
+paid down the main hatchway, into their respective lockers. They are
+from _ninety to one hundred and eighty_ fathoms in length, and are
+slip-shackled, or lashed to the kelson.
+
+ _Note._--See table of allowance of chain cable for class, &c.
+
+ [16] If the vessel is alongside of the wharf, the chain-cables may be
+ got in by a _shoot_, through the _port_, or over the _rail_.
+
+
+=190.=--TO GET ON BOARD AND STOW THE HEMP CABLES.
+
+Hemp-cables are one hundred and twenty fathoms in length, two are now
+allowed to all vessels, from a ship of the line, to a third class
+sloop of war, inclusive. The cables are taken from the rope-walk, and
+coiled upon a car having a large hole in its bottom, and after being
+transported to the vessel, or lighter at the wharf, the upper end of
+the coil is passed down through all the flakes, and through the hole
+in the bottom of the car, then coiled away again in the lighter. By
+dipping the end in this manner, grinds or kinks are prevented, and the
+cable is got into the lighter, with only one turn in it.
+
+The lighter being towed off to the ship, haul under the bows; place
+mats in the sides and sills of one of the forward ports; get the cables
+in on deck, and French-flake them fore and aft. They are now with the
+same number of turns in them, as when they left the rope-walk. See that
+the tiers are clear, and that the gratings are properly placed for the
+cable to lay on. Pass the end of the spare one below, and coil away
+with the sun, on the starboard side of the tier; make the coil as large
+as possible, taking care not to have too many flakes in a sheave, as
+the inside strands of the inner ones would be injured, by breaking in.
+
+Pass the ends of the starboard one on the larboard side, and the
+larboard on the starboard side. Clinch them around the main-mast, or to
+the beams, coil them away with the sun, letting the ends remain out, to
+be pointed or tailed if necessary. Join the pointed ends with a short
+splice, worming the tails along the cable. The upper ends are crowned
+in the following manner, viz.: clap a seizing round the cable about two
+fathoms from the end, and unlay it to the seizing. With the three inner
+strands form an artificial eye; cut off the three next ones and woold
+their ends; with the three outer ones, form a crown, worm the ends
+along the cable, and clap on seizings in proportion.
+
+The stream cable and messenger are coiled away in the tier of the spare
+cable. The hawsers, if possible, should be stowed in such a manner,
+that the end of every _one_ could be passed up together if required.
+
+
+=191.=--CATHEAD STOPPERS.
+
+When not fitted with the slip, or patent stoppers, a good piece of
+rope, in proportion to the size of the anchor, has a stopper-knot in
+one end, then rove through the cathead, and hauled taut. It should be
+well wormed, parceled, and served in the way of the cat-heads, and
+sufficiently far towards the end, to take the ring of the anchor.
+The end should have a becket put in, and pointed over. Take a piece
+of small rope, and splice it into the inside yarns of the stopper,
+the same as a tail, or knot the yarns together; then marl down, and
+point over. The becket should be made large enough to take a good
+hauling-line, for the purpose of hauling the end of the stopper
+in-board, after being rove through the ring of the anchor.
+
+
+=192.=--SHANK PAINTER.
+
+A piece of chain is secured to the side; a large thimble, well
+parceled, is put into the last link; round this thimble splice the
+piece of rope intended to make the tail of the shank-painter; it is the
+same sized rope as the cathead stopper. The other end is pointed, with
+a becket in.
+
+ _Note._--The patent iron slip or trick-stopper, is now generally used
+ in the service, by those who can procure them. They are not allowed
+ by the regulation, but quite a number of ships have them fitted.
+
+
+=193.=--FISH-DAVIT GEAR.
+
+The davit is stept into a shoe in the fore-chains, for the purpose.
+A double block is seized into a double strap, leaving an eye to fit
+the davit-head; both parts of the strap are marled together. Another
+double block is seized into a double strap, having a large hook[17]
+and thimble, to take the arm of the anchor. Take a large single block,
+seize it into a single strap, leaving an eye to fit the davit-head; it
+will lay the opposite way to the double one, and allow the hauling part
+of the fall to lead fore and aft along the gangway; or up aloft through
+a leader to the fore pendants.
+
+ _Back rope._--To the back of the hook, clove-hitch and seize the
+ end down, of a piece of rope, long enough to lead to the fore
+ chains, or into the head, when the fish-fall is overhauled. This is
+ taken forward when hooking the fish. Cat-back is used for the same
+ purpose--_i. e._, _hooking the cat_.
+
+ _Guys, bolts, rigging, &c._--In the fore and after side of the davit,
+ bolts are driven. The fore-guy is a piece of stout rope, long enough
+ to reach from the davit, when stepped, to the after side of the
+ cat-head, leaving room for lashing. The after-guy is another piece
+ of rope, long enough to reach the after part of the fore-chains, and
+ both fitted as follows:--splice a hook and thimble in one end, into
+ the other splice an eye, and into this eye splice a lashing.
+
+ Get a jigger on the foremost swifter, and hoist the davit into the
+ step or shoe. Hook the guys to the bolts in the davit-head, and set
+ them up to the cat-head, and after part of the fore-chains. Put over
+ the double block, then the single, and reeve the fish-fall. Take
+ two tackles, clap a good strap round the foremast, hook the double
+ block to this strap, and the others to selvagee-straps round the
+ davit-head. The strap round the foremast should be in a direct line
+ with the davit-head when perpendicular. These tackles will answer for
+ topping-lifts, and will be found much better than the old-fashioned
+ topping-lifts for stowing anchors.
+
+ _Note._--I would recommend the iron davit, in preference to the
+ wooden one, on account of its being more durable, much neater, more
+ convenient for stowage and also requires less gear.
+
+ [17] Properly called a fish-hook.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=194.=--GETTING ON BOARD, AND STOWING ANCHORS.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The fish-davits being rigged, reeve and overhaul the cat and
+fish-falls, get the anchors into a lighter, and tow them under the
+bows; pass up the stream-cable, and clench it to the ring of the
+bower-anchor; hook the cat, and run the anchor up to the cat-head. Pass
+the stopper, hook the fish, and pass the shank-painter. Unbend the
+stream-cable, and bend it to the waist-anchor, then drop the lighter
+aft, and secure her under the berth of the anchor. Brace the fore yard
+in, and the main yard up as much as possible; top them up a little,
+hook a stout tackle to act as a rolling-tackle, and bouse the lifts
+and trusses well taut. Pass a lashing round the slings of the yard, to
+ease the trusses. Hook both top-burtons to the yard-arm, and set well
+up the opposite breast-backstays. Pass a strap round the topmast, just
+above the lower cap. Hook the double block of a stout pendant-tackle to
+this strap, and the single one is hooked just without the place where
+the bull’s-eye for the pendant is to be lashed; haul well taut the
+lifts, burtons, and pendant-tackles alike--reeve whips, and get up the
+triatic-stays. The bull’s-eyes for the pendants are lashed sufficiently
+far out on the yards, to allow the anchor to clear the ship’s side.
+Reeve the pendant up through it, and clench the end to the lower
+mast-head; have a thimble in the lower end, to which the purchases are
+hooked. Have a thwartship-tackle in readiness, to bouse the anchor to
+the gunwale; lash the lower block of the main-purchases, to the crown
+of the anchor, having guys from each fluke to keep it steady. The fore
+purchase-block is lashed to the ring.
+
+Rack the topsail-tye aloft, and hook the lower block of the
+fore-topsail halliards to a stout strap, passed round the shank of
+the anchor amidships, then lashed above the middle of the upper arm
+of the stock. “Sway away;” when high enough, haul over on the stay
+and thwart-ship tackles, and get the bill of the anchor upon the
+gunwale. A cleat is nailed on the lower part of the stock, a lashing
+passed under it, and round the timber-head in the after part of the
+forecastle-bulwark for the purpose; another lashing from the same place
+to the upper arm of the stock, and frap all together. A shore is fitted
+from the side, on which the anchor rests, and a lashing passed round
+the shank through a span-shackle bolt in the side for the purpose; the
+inside fluke rests on a bill-board on the fore end of the chess-tree,
+or after part of the fore chains. Some ships stow their anchors further
+forward than others. The anchor being secured, unbend the stream cable,
+and unlash purchases.
+
+Drop the lighter round on the other side of the ship--shift over
+the purchases, secure the yards, and get up the other bower and
+waist-anchors in the same manner. When done, pass the stream-cable
+below, and coil it down in the tier.
+
+ _Note._--Belaying cat-head stopper. After being boused well taut
+ with a jigger, take as many turns as the rope will allow, over the
+ timber-head on the forecastle bulwarks, and seize it well to its own
+ part with spun-yarn. The shank-painter is set taut and belayed in the
+ same manner.
+
+
+=195.=--BENDING THE CABLES.
+
+A rope is rove through the ring of the anchor, the end led in through
+the hawse-hole, and bent to the cable with a timber-hitch, three or
+four fathoms from the end, and stopt along to the end of the cable.
+Haul out on the ring-rope, and when there is sufficient of the end
+through the ring, cut the stops, unbend the ring-rope, and form an
+inside clinch, having it smaller than the ring of the anchor. The bends
+are put on opposite to each other, and a small bend put on near the end
+to secure it. Render the cables as far as possible through the clinch,
+and stop them together to prevent chafes, &c.
+
+ _Note._--The chain cables are shackled to the rings of the anchors;
+ then bend the buoys and buoy-ropes.
+
+
+=196.=--TO RANGE AND STOPPER THE CABLES.
+
+Before ranging the cables, they should be bitted, which is done as
+follows:--When the cables are bent, haul up sufficient slack to form
+a bight abaft the bitts; throw the bight which is thus formed, over
+the head of the bitts (and in case it is to be weather bitted, take
+another _turn_ round the cavil). In ranging, get a tail-block over
+the hatchway, through which reeve a rope; overhaul down, and hitch
+to the cable. Take the running part close out to the side, bouse on
+the rope, and flake the cable fore and aft the deck. Clap on deck and
+bitt-stoppers, before and abaft the bitts; put on rounding at the
+range, if hemp, which is intended to veer, and also have cable mats
+in readiness, to be used as may be required. If a hemp-cable, a small
+range forward of the part bitted; if chain-cable it merely requires
+bitting; ranging is unnecessary.
+
+ _Note._--When the anchor is let go, veer from the locker through the
+ compressor--(_i. e._, supposing it to be a chain.)
+
+
+=197.=--STOPPERS, &c., &c.
+
+_The trip-stoppers._--Both ends are made fast to eye-bolts under
+the after part of the fore-channels. The score in the end of the
+waist-anchor stock rests in the bight, and is used to trip the anchor
+clear of the ship’s side, when let go.
+
+Deck-stoppers are hooked to bolts in the deck. They have a knot worked
+in the end, with a lanyard fast to it. The lanyard is passed round both
+the stopper and cable, abaft the knot, and then wormed along the cable,
+forward of it. (_See claw-stopper_).
+
+Ring-stoppers are ropes middled; the bights are passed through the
+deck-bolts, the ends rove through the bight, and dogged along the cable.
+
+Bitt-stoppers are tailed and rove through the sampson-knee forward of
+the bitts, then taken over the cable abaft the bitts, under again, and
+wormed along the cable forward. A tackle may be hooked to this, and
+used for veering.
+
+Dog-stoppers are very long, and are used in the tiers. One end is
+clenched round the main-mast, and the other wormed along the cable.
+
+The wing-stoppers are similar, but are clenched around the orlop-deck
+beams in the wings.
+
+
+=198.=--COMPRESSORS, OR COMBING-STOPPERS.
+
+For hemp-cables they are very long, and are tailed. Two holes are bored
+through the deck, abaft the after beam of the hatch; one end of the
+stopper is rove downwards through one of the holes, passed under the
+cable, and rove up again, through the other hole. Both ends are then
+dogged round the cable taut, so as to nip it against the beam.
+
+The compressor for chain-cables is an iron elbow, one end of which is
+bolted to the forward beam of the hatch underneath, and intended to
+work on the bolt. The elbow goes round the cable, having an eye in the
+other end, to which a luff-tackle is hooked; which being hauled on,
+stoppers the cable effectually.
+
+
+=199.=--PUTTING ON NIPPERS.
+
+Nippers should be from three to five fathoms in length, and made of
+the best rope-yarns. They are used when heaving up the anchor, and are
+passed as follows:--Lay the messenger on the cable, and begin two or
+three fathoms abaft the hawse-hole; two round turns are first taken
+with the end of the nipper, round the messenger, and held by a boy,
+then round both. The other end is wormed round the cable, as the first
+was round the messenger. When the strain becomes heavy, racking, and
+even round turns may be used, having also small heavers, and selvagees
+to secure the ends; taking care to have dry ones to use when the anchor
+is up and down.
+
+ _Note._--Some ships have done away with the nippers altogether, and
+ use nothing but the selvagee and heaver. Each nipper-man provides two
+ selvagees, and one heaver; also an iron pin of proper size to put
+ through the links of the chain-cable, to prevent the muddy chain from
+ slipping through the strap.
+
+
+=200.=--IRON CLAW-STOPPERS, AND CLEAR-HAWSE SHACKLES.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+These are used for chain-cables, instead of rope-stoppers, and are
+found very convenient, and more durable than rope. They are allowed
+to every ship in the service by the new regulation, and are fitted
+as follows:--A piece of chain four feet long, is fitted with a
+devil’s-claw in one end, and a slip-hook in the other; a slip-ring also
+in the long link in the chain, for the end of the slip-hook.
+
+
+=201.=--TO CUT, AND PASS A MESSENGER.
+
+The length should be equal to twice the distance from the after part
+of the capstan, to the roller in the manger, and add four times the
+circumference of the capstan-band; this is sufficient for splicing in
+the eyes and taking turns. The messenger is passed with three round
+turns, and then the eyes lashed with the lanyard, figure-of-eight
+fashion. The part which is brought to the cable is undermost.
+
+ _Note._--Some messengers are fitted with a strap and toggle instead
+ of a lashing; this plan is much quicker than the old way. The size
+ of the strap, ought to be one half the size of the messenger; in
+ length it should be once the circumference of the capstan on the
+ bight. Instead of splicing the two ends of the strap together, make
+ a spritsail-sheet knot with the six strands, reeve one bight of the
+ strap through one eye of the messenger, the other bight through the
+ other eye, and toggle them together.
+
+ _To dip a messenger._--Cast off the lashing, slack up the turns, and
+ pass the eye up or down, as necessary, between the turns and capstan.
+ Render the turns through each other, and pass the lashing again.
+
+
+=202.=--SPLICING ROPE-CABLES.
+
+Cut off the ropemaker’s fag-end, and unlay the cable sufficiently far
+for splicing. Take the inside yarns and lay them up into three strands,
+equal to the piece of rope intended for the tails, and splice these
+small strands and tails together. Take the outside yarns and make
+them into three-yarn plaits or knittles, then marl the remaining yarn
+down over the splice and tail, and point over all with the plaits or
+knittles. The cable is then opened with setting fids and commanders,
+and the splice made, each strand boused through with jiggers; the ends
+are put in twice on the tier, and once on the anchor part. Take a good
+piece of small-rope, and pass it as a round-seizing, close to the
+splice, and cross it on all sides. When finished it will look square;
+and pass another, with smaller stuff, close to the ends. Worm the ends
+into the lay of the cable, and pass three or four spun-yarn seizings,
+at equal distances round them and the cable, to keep them in the
+lay--make the seizings, and whip the ends of the tails. The size of the
+seizing, and number of turns, depend on the size of the cable.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+ Packingham’s Rudder.
+ To bring-to a Messenger.
+ A Cap.
+ To bit a Cable.
+ Mariner’s Compass.
+
+Packingham’s Rudder, &c., &c.]
+
+ _Bends._--The small rope used as seizings in clinching, are so
+ called. The end of the cable for clinching to the anchor should be
+ wormed with good strands, and backed with good spun-yarn, and the end
+ capped. The worming should be long enough to form the clinch, and
+ the cable well tarred before and after its being done. The lay of
+ the cable opens in clinching, and being wormed, it prevents the wet
+ getting into the heart of the rope, or lodging. To pass the bends,
+ have a good piece of rope of the length and size required; bring both
+ parts together, leaving one end a third longer than the other; then
+ pass it round both parts of the cable, and put both ends through
+ the bight. Pass the under turns with the short end, the upper or
+ riding-turns with the long one. Stop both ends well with spun-yarn
+ to their next parts, and cross the whole seizing or bend, with
+ sennit; pass the sennit on the bight, and secure both together with a
+ reef-knot.
+
+
+=203.=--TO SHIP, AND UNSHIP A RUDDER.
+
+Have the rudder brought under the stern, hung to a scow. Bore a hole
+through the beam or carling over the rudder case--drive an eyebolt
+up through it, and fit a washer and forelock. Strap a large single
+block[18] with hook and thimble, and hook it to the eye-bolt; reeve a
+top-pendant through the single block, down through the rudder-case,
+and hitch it to an eye-bolt, which is temporarily fitted into the
+rudder-head. Clap a deck-tackle on to the other end of the pendant;
+have heel-ropes leading forward on each side, after being rove through
+their respective holes in the rudder. Man the deck-tackle fall, and
+hoist away. When the rudder is high enough, guy it fair with the
+heel-ropes; see the pintles fair for entering the gudgeons,--lower
+away, and fit in the wood-lock. Come up the pendant, unreeve the
+heel-ropes--take the bolt from the rudder-head, also the one from the
+beam or carling above--ship the tiller, and reeve the wheel-ropes.
+
+ _To unship it._--Fit the bolts, single block, pendant and deck-tackle
+ as before, unreeve the wheel-ropes, unship the tiller, knock out
+ the wood-lock, and “sway away.” When the pintles are clear of the
+ gudgeons, lower away, and secure it to the scow or lighter--tow it on
+ shore, and parbuckle, or hoist it out of the water or scow.
+
+ [18] If a top-block can be procured, it will answer best, as the neck
+ of the hook being shorter, it will give more hoist.
+
+
+=204.=--GETTING THE GUNS ON BOARD.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The gun-carriages and all the equipments belonging to the guns are
+brought alongside in lighters, and hoisted in with the yard & stay. Get
+them on their respective decks, and reeve the purchase for getting the
+guns on board.
+
+ _Securing the main-yard._--To the bolts in the lower cap, hook
+ the double blocks of two burtons. The single ones are hooked to
+ selvagee-straps, round the yard, close to the lifts, and the falls
+ sent on deck, through leading-blocks. Bouse well taut the main-lifts
+ and burtons together, and belay. Then pass a good lashing round the
+ main-yard in the slings, and main-mast, to keep the yard steady, and
+ support the trusses, they being previously boused well taut.
+
+ Take the top tackle-pendant, and reeve it through a top-block,
+ secured well to the yard with a good lashing, passed round the hook,
+ on the outside quarter; take the pointed end over the cap, pass
+ it between the head of the mast and heel of the topmast, take two
+ half-hitches on its own part, or that from the yard, and secure the
+ end with a round-seizing of spun-yarn. Get a single whip upon the
+ main-yard, close to the lashing, bend one end to the hook of the
+ top-tackle fall-block; hoist the block up and hook it to the thimble
+ in the pendant. Through this and the other top-tackle fall-block,
+ reeve a fall; clench one end (the standing part), round the main yard
+ close to the block; the other end, when rove full, through a leading
+ block on deck, by the bitts.
+
+ The garnet-purchase is a pendant, with a thimble in the upper
+ end, which is hooked to the main-pendant-tackle; the other end is
+ rove down through holes bored in the deck for the purpose, and a
+ stout hook and thimble spliced or turned into the end. The garnet
+ should be long enough to go on the lower-deck, and the holes bored
+ perpendicular to the centre of the port through which the guns are to
+ be got on board. The slings are made of breaching-stuff, twice the
+ length of the gun, the ends spliced together, and the strands put in
+ twice each way; seize an eye on the bight, large enough to go over
+ the breach of the gun; put over the eye, and put the slings along
+ the upper part of the gun, lashing them with a piece of rope round
+ all, just forward of the trunnion; put the other end over the muzzle,
+ and in toggle. Lash the purchase-block to the bight of the slings,
+ and also bend on a hawser to weigh the gun, in the event of parting
+ the purchase. “Sway away;” drop the lighter from under the gun, and
+ when the breach is as high as the port, hook the garnet and also
+ an a-thwartship-tackle to the breech-ring; haul on the tackle and
+ bring the gun in through the port--run a carriage under--lower away;
+ place the trunnions fair, and clamp them; come up the purchases, and
+ transport the gun to its port. The lower and main-deck guns are got
+ in in the same way. The cannonades are taken over the rail; a toggle
+ is put in the muzzle, one bight of the slings over the cascable, the
+ other over the muzzle, and back-lashed to the toggle; the stay or
+ purchase-block is lashed on midships of the slings, and the stay or
+ pendant-tackle to the same place; consequently the gun will come in
+ square. Have the bed and slide ready, place it fair, and drive in the
+ naval-bolt. Ship the screws, beds, and coins; reeve the breeching,
+ hook side and train-tackles; see the guns square in the ports, and
+ secure them.
+
+ The main-deck guns might be taken in over the rail, and struck down
+ the main-hatch; but I prefer their being taken in through the port,
+ if plenty of men.
+
+ _Note._--The reason for having additional security on the main-yard
+ is, because in getting in the guns, the strain is altogether on the
+ yard; while in getting up the anchors, the strain is divided between
+ two yards. The burtons are sometimes frapped in with the main-lift,
+ between the yard and cap; but I prefer their not being done so, as
+ they will all render fairer, when the strain comes on them. It is
+ customary to top the main-yard up; but I saw a line-of-battle ship’s
+ guns got in without it, and as it brings a greater strain on the
+ slings and trusses, it should not be done to so great an extent as is
+ the practice.
+
+ _Caution._--When the garnet-purchase is raising the breech to the
+ level required to place the gun in its carriage, care must be taken
+ that the main-purchase be _not_ lowered by a turn, but that the men
+ on the fall “walk back” with a steady step.
+
+ When the gun is lodged in its carriage, it is removed to its proper
+ port, and another carriage is rolled to the receiving port, ready for
+ the reception of the next gun, and so on.
+
+
+=205.=--FITTING SHACKLE-BREECHINGS.
+
+If it be required to fit the breechings on this recently improved
+plan, it will be necessary to taper and point both ends of the rope
+preparatory to splicing or turning-in a shackle on each extremity. The
+shackle should be turned-in and secured to each end of the breeching by
+two separate seizings, one close to the shackle, and the other towards
+the pointed end of the rope. They are frequently spliced into a thimble
+and then shackled, which I think is much neater.[19]
+
+By this simple and serviceable method, the breeching may be shifted
+in a few seconds, it being no longer necessary to reeve it through
+the ring at the breech. An opening is now made in the cascable, which
+admits the introduction of the breeching on the bight; and the cascable
+fitted with a hinge or snatch, and sometimes a bolt going through the
+cascable, confines the breeching, and prevents it jumping out on the
+recoil of the gun.
+
+ [19] This last improvement was introduced by FRANCIS GRICE, _Esq._,
+ chief Naval Constructor, _U. S. N._
+
+
+=206.=--TRIATIC STAYS.
+
+A double block is strapped into a pendant, a hook and thimble spliced
+into one end; a single block is strapped with a hook and thimble, a
+fall is rove, the standing-part bent into a becket in the strap of the
+single block; sometimes the double block is strapped, and the pendant
+spliced in over the seizing. A good strap with a thimble seized into
+it, is fitted to the strap of the lower block. A piece of rope is
+spliced round the strap of the fore-stay block, and the other end, when
+cut to the required length, spliced round the strap of the main-stay
+block, and seized. This is called the span, and is generally the
+length between the fore and main-hatchways. The main-stay hooks to a
+strap with a thimble in it, from round the main-mast-head on the fore
+side; the fore from one abaft, fitted in the same manner. The main
+one generally comes down alongside the slings, the fore one between
+the trestle-trees, abaft. The pendant and tackle are sometimes fitted
+separate, to hook, and are easier stowed away.
+
+ _Note._--In case of emergency, these pendants may be taken round the
+ mast-head, and hooked to their own parts. I have known some ships to
+ use them this way altogether.
+
+
+=207.=--HOISTING IN SPARS.
+
+Overhaul down the fore and main-yard tackles, fore and main-stays,
+and lead their falls to the opposite side of the deck the spars come
+in at. Hook burtons to the lower caps (double blocks), single ones to
+selvagees round the lower yard-arm, close inside the lifts. Send the
+falls on deck, and pull up the lifts and burtons together, and trusses;
+brace the fore-yard in, and hook on to the spars. They should be always
+hoisted in as stowed.[20]
+
+If the spars are too long to come in abreast, between the fore and
+main-masts, such as topmasts, hook the main-stay to the strap round the
+foremost end, and fore-stay to the after one; then hook the yards to
+separate straps made of pieces of stout rope knotted together, or good
+selvagees, according to the weight of the spar. Man the yards and walk
+them up; when clear of hammock-nettings, haul on the main-stay, ease
+the fore and main-yards, keeping the spar square, and get the foremost
+end inside the rigging; then ease the main-stay, and get the spar in
+its place on the booms. Small spars can be got in with the main-yard, a
+double whip on main-stay, or single guy if required.
+
+ [20] The spars intended to be stowed underneath, should be hoisted
+ in first; such as topmasts, half-yards, and jib-boom, for the lower
+ tier, and round off with the smaller spars on the top.
+
+
+=208.=--STOWING BOOMS.
+
+The spars on the starboard side are stowed as follows, viz.:
+Main-topmast, head aft; main-topgallant, (mast-fishes) half-yard,
+main topmast studding-sail booms, and jib-boom. On the larboard
+side--fore-topmast, head forward; fore-topgallant-mast, mast-fish,
+half-yard, fore topmast studding-sail booms, flying-jib-boom, &c.
+
+There are several small spars which are equally divided, to make the
+booms as snug and neat as possible. A great deal of room can be gained
+by stowing them amidships in one pile, and the boats on each side.
+As the spars are stowed, they should be _numbered on each end_, also
+a list taken, and painted on the foreside of the boom-boards; by so
+doing it will save much time and trouble to find any spar that may be
+required; as I have seen all the booms unlashed before a spar was found.
+
+The booms are lashed to span-shackles in the deck for the purpose. A
+few small spars should be kept out, to drive under the lashing, to set
+all taut. When stowed they are covered with tarpaulins, or matting made
+for the purpose. When the spars are all in, square the yards.
+
+ _Note._--It is becoming the general practice, to stow both topmasts
+ with their heads forward. Many ships stow all their spars amidships
+ in one pile, with the exception of the fore and main-topmasts,
+ which are stowed outside of the boats; spare main-topsail yard on
+ the larboard-quarter, the fore on the starboard-quarter, in the
+ chains, and spare jib-boom across the stern, secured underneath the
+ stern-davits.[21]
+
+ [21] Some ships stow topmasts and all amidships; but this is a bad
+ plan, as it would be necessary to take out all, to get a topmast if
+ required, it being underneath.
+
+[Illustration: E. PLURIBUS UNUM]
+
+[Illustration: Brig-of-War, under full Sail.]
+
+
+
+
+PART III.
+
+REEVING RUNNING RIGGING.
+
+
+=209.=--FORE BOWLINES.
+
+The fore bowlines have an eye in one end, to go over the toggle, and
+are rove through a single block, seized into a single strap, and
+secured to the fore-stay collar with a seizing passed through an eye
+left in the strap, and the other end led in on the forecastle.
+
+The fore and main clue-garnets are hitched to the yards, then rove
+through a block lashed in the clews of the sail, up through a block on
+the quarter of the yard, down to the fife-rail.
+
+
+=210.=--FORE-TOPSAIL CLEWLINES.
+
+Topsail clewlines are fitted the same as clew-garnets, and sometimes
+with a whip; they come on deck through lubber’s hole.
+
+When fitted with a whip, a piece of rope nearly equal to the double
+clewline, is rove through the quarter-block, and an eye spliced in one
+end, which is secured with a seizing round the clew, when the sail is
+bent. In the other end, splice a single block, and reeve a fall through
+it; one end splice into a bolt in the deck, and the other reeve through
+a leading-block, well apart from the standing-part.
+
+ _Note._--The disadvantage of double clewlines, is, the points getting
+ in the clew-blocks when clewing up, or sheeting home.
+
+
+=211.=--TOPSAIL BUNTLINES
+
+Are toggled to the foot of the sails, and rove through single blocks
+at the mast-head, underneath the rigging, and through lubber’s hole on
+deck. Cheeks or sheaves set in the foremost end of the trestle-trees
+are best, as they keep the buntlines clear of the belly of the sails.
+Blocks in bolts will do equally as well, but do not look so neat.
+I would recommend fitting a shoe-block underneath the eyes of the
+rigging, on each side, in preference.
+
+Buntline-spans are short pieces of rope, with a thimble in one end, and
+the other end whipped; the buntlines are rove through these thimbles,
+before being bent to the sail, or rove at the mast-head. At sea these
+spans are knotted together, abaft the tye-blocks on the yard, and
+stopped to them. When in harbor, they are let go, to allow the sails
+being triced well-up to furl, or hauled out to dry, by the bowlines,
+when toggled to the foot of the sail.
+
+
+=212.=--FORETOP BOWLINES
+
+Have an eye spliced in one end to go over the toggle on the bridle;
+the other is rove through a block at the bowsprit-cap, strapped into a
+bolt, or a sheave cut in the after end of the bees and led in on the
+forecastle.
+
+
+=213.=--MAIN BUNTLINES.
+
+There are two on each quarter, and reeve on the bights. Reeve first
+through the large sheave in a shoe-block, then reeve both ends, from
+forward, through the double block under the fore part of the main-top,
+and bend or clinch both ends to the holes in the foot of the sail for
+the purpose. Sometimes toggles are fitted into the holes, with double
+straps, and an eye spliced into each end of the buntlines. If no
+shoe-block is to be got, seize two single ones into one strap. Through
+the other sheave of shoe-block, reeve a fall; clinch one end to the
+main-stay by the foremast, or splice an eye and seize it round it. The
+other end reeve through a leading block, seized into a single strap,
+leaving an eye to seize it to the stay, or through a sheave or leading
+block in the fore-bitts.
+
+
+=214.=--FORE BUNTLINES
+
+Generally toggle to the foot of the sail, and are sometimes clinched;
+then rove through a double block under the fore part of the fore-top,
+and through fair leading sheaves in the racks to the bulwarks. The
+buntline should be long enough to allow the sail to belly. The outside
+leg of the buntline is sometimes rove through a thimble strapped
+into the foot of the sail, and clenched into a cringle put into the
+bolt-rope, a few feet above the clew.
+
+
+=215.=--MAIN BOWLINE
+
+Is a runner and tackle, and is rove and unrove as required. It is rove
+through the thimble seized on the bowline bridle; the end of the runner
+is secured round the fore-bitts, or to a cleat. The lower block of the
+gun-tackle purchase is fitted with a hook, and hooked to a strap close
+to the end of the runner, for the purpose. I have seen the main-bowline
+boused up to the weather-forecastle bulwarks, which I think preferable,
+not seeing any very great advantage from its being hauled amidships;
+particularly when it is considered that the main-topsail yard, on a
+wind, is braced abaft the main-yard.
+
+
+=216.=--TOPGALLANT SHEETS
+
+Are rove through the sheave in the topsail-yard, then through the after
+sheave in the double block in the quarter of the topsail-yard, and
+through a leading sheave or block on deck. The upper end is bent to the
+clew of the topgallant-sail; sometimes a long-eye is spliced, which
+goes over a toggle in the clew of the sail. They are also fitted with
+sister-hooks, which is the latest and most improved plan.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=217.=--TOPGALLANT CLEWLINES
+
+Are bent through the clew of the sail, and secured with a sheet-bend;
+it is then rove through the foremost sheave on the quarter-block on the
+yard, and sent down through lubber’s hole on deck.
+
+
+=218.=--FORE TOPGALLANT BOWLINES
+
+Are toggled to the bridle of the sail. The fore one is rove through
+a single block at the jib-boom end, one on each side, and led in
+on the forecastle through fair leaders. These blocks are strapped
+like span-blocks, and lashed together on the upper side with two
+lashing-eyes; they are sometimes strapped singly, and go over the
+boom-end, or seized to the guys. Double blocks are also sometimes put
+in these straps, and the two inner sheaves used as jib-brail-leaders.
+
+
+=219.=--MAIN TOPGALLANT BOWLINES
+
+Are toggled to the bridle of the sail, then rove through sheaves
+cut in the after part of the fore-topmast-crosstrees, and through
+lubber’s hole, through fair leading sheaves on deck. Single tail-blocks
+are sometimes used, clove-hitched round the after shroud in the
+fore-topmast rigging, close up to the futtock-stave, or seized.
+
+
+=220.=--MIZEN TOPGALLANT BOWLINES
+
+Are toggled to the bridle of the sail, and rove through single blocks
+on each side of the main-mast head, and through fair leading blocks on
+deck. A double block is often used instead of two single ones on each
+side, one sheave for the brace, the other for the bowline. They should
+be led from lubber’s hole abaft all, between the cat-harpen legs, or
+futtock-shrouds.
+
+
+=221.=--TOPGALLANT BUNTLINES
+
+Are seldom used in light weather, although very necessary in taking in
+sail, when blowing fresh, as they save much time, and in some instances
+a man’s life. On a wind it spills the sail, and prevents its getting
+over the lee yard-arm; and going free enables the men to furl it much
+easier. A strong proof of their utility may be inferred from the fact
+that merchant vessels, who have as little rope rove as possible, and
+are generally weak-handed, have their sails fitted with buntlines.
+
+They are fitted as follows:--A piece of rope with a thimble on it, is
+spliced into two eyelet-holes, worked in the foot of the sail, about
+a third from each clew.[22] Splice the end of the buntline round the
+thimble; reeve the other end through a single block, seized into a
+single strap, and secured round the topgallant mast-head by a lashing
+passed over all; send the end of the buntline through lubber’s hole, on
+deck before all to the fife-rail.
+
+ [22] This piece of rope is called a span.
+
+
+=222.=--ROYAL BOWLINES.
+
+The fore royal-bowline is rove through a block at the flying-jib-boom
+end, and led in on the forecastle, through a fair leader, the same as
+the topgallant-bowline, and the main-royal bowlines through the chock
+at fore-topmast head.
+
+
+=223.=--REEF-TACKLES
+
+Are sometimes double, and also fitted with a whip, as clewlines, or
+pendant and burton. When double, a single block is seized into a single
+strap, having a thimble in it, and the seizing passed between the block
+and thimble. This block goes on the bridle, or cringle, in the leech of
+the topsails. One end of the reef-tackle is clinched round the neck of
+the boom-iron, the other rove through the block, up through the sheave
+in the yard-arm, and through the upper sheave in the sister-block,
+through lubber’s hole, and through a leading block or sheave on deck.
+
+When single, an eye is spliced in the end of the pendant, to go over
+a toggle fitted to a bridle, as above; the other end rove through the
+yard and sister-block, a single block spliced into the end, and a whip
+rove, as on the clewline.
+
+ _Note._--The generality of naval ships use their top-burtons with
+ short hide-pendants; some object to this, as the top-burtons may be
+ wanted, when they are in use as reef-tackles.
+
+
+=224.=--LEECH-LINES.
+
+The forward leech-lines are rove through the upper sheave-hole of a
+shoe-block; both parts are then rove through a double block, hooked
+with a pendant to the lower cap, then through two single blocks seized
+to the jackstays on the yards, and are clinched to the leeches of the
+courses, forward of the sail.
+
+The lower legs are rove through the other sheave-hole in the
+shoe-block, and the standing-part made fast to the fife-rail; the other
+end being used to haul up the sails.
+
+The after leech-lines are rove through blocks on the underneath part
+of the yard, and clinched to the courses abaft the sail, to the same
+places as the forward ones.
+
+ _Note._--Shoe-blocks are now pretty much out of fashion--when they
+ are not used, both parts of the leech-lines are led on deck and the
+ whip-purchase dispensed with.
+
+
+=225.=--SLAB-LINES
+
+Are bent to the middle of a span at the foot of the sail, led up abaft,
+and rove through a block lashed to the grommet or span, around the
+straps of the quarter-blocks of the lower yards, and down on deck.
+These are very necessary in light weather, and in rough weather, may be
+converted into spilling-lines.
+
+
+=226.=--ROYAL CLEW-LINES
+
+Are bent to the clews of the sail, rove through the quarter-blocks on
+the yard, and led either in the tops, or on deck.
+
+
+=227.=--FITTING TACKS AND SHEETS, BUMKIN-GEAR, &c.
+
+A single block is seized into a single strap, leaving an eye to fit the
+bumkin; this block is made with a shoulder, which lays on the bumkin
+when the block is on.
+
+Bumkin-braces are now generally chain; one is hooked to the bow,
+and two to the cutwater; and set up with a lanyard rove through
+span-shackles in their ends, and others on the bumkin, or with a
+turnbuckle.
+
+ _Reeving the tack._--Clinch the large end round the bumkin, outside
+ the block, having been well wormed, parceled, and served, far enough
+ towards the small end to take the block on the bumkin, when the sail
+ is reefed. Reeve the small end through the block in the sail, then
+ through that on the bumkin, and in on the forecastle through a hole
+ in the bulwarks, for the purpose.
+
+ _Fore sheet._--The large end is served the same as the tack, and is
+ hooked into a bolt in the side for the purpose; the small end is rove
+ through the block in the sail, and through a sheave in the side, or
+ gangway bulwarks. Large ships generally work the fore-sheet in the
+ waist (main-deck), but it is often worked on the gangway, (spar-deck).
+
+
+=228.=--YARD TACKLE TRICING-LINES.
+
+If no cheek on the yard, take the pendants taut along from the
+yard-arm, and then secure a single tail-block. On the foremost shroud,
+well up, seize another single block, fitted with a single strap,
+leaving room when seized-in, for the seizing with which it is secured
+to the shroud. Round the fiddle-block in the pendant, between both
+sheaves, secure the tricing-line with a running-eye; then reeve the
+other end through the cheek, or tail-block, and then through the single
+block on the shroud, and on deck.
+
+
+=229.=--TO REEVE AND TOGGLE ROYAL-HALLIARDS.
+
+Take a round-turn with the yard-rope, well up round the strap of the
+block, with the long-eye; reeve the bight through the eye and put the
+toggle in it; then bring the end up from the block seized to the eye
+of the shroud, and reeve it through the one on the yard-rope, send the
+end on deck, and reeve it through a leading block.
+
+When half-hitched, the lower block is fitted as described, and secured;
+the upper one is strapped with a thimble in the strap--reeve the
+yard-rope through the thimble, and then through the lower block, up
+through the upper one, and on deck through a leader.
+
+
+=230.=--FORE STORM-STAYSAIL GEAR.
+
+_To fit the stay._--Take a piece of good rope of proportionable size
+to the sail; fit one end with two legs as a stay, and lash them abaft
+the foremast-head, the legs being placed underneath those of the
+standing-stay. Take a piece of rope the round of the bowsprit, inside
+the fore-stay collar; splice an eye in each end, and seize a thimble in
+the bight--splice a lashing in one eye, and secure the strap round the
+bowsprit, by passing it through both eyes, until sufficient turns are
+taken to secure it. Reeve the end of this stay through the hanks for
+the sail, then reeve it through the thimble in the strap, and set it
+well up with a luff-purchase; the double block hooked to a strap well
+up the stay, the single one to another strap on the end; then pass a
+round-seizing round both parts, close to the thimble--come up the luff,
+and pass another seizing between it and the end, but not at too great a
+distance, as it will prevent the sail from coming close down.
+
+ _Halliards._--Have a good strap to go round the foremast-head, close
+ to the stay. It can be fitted with two lashing-eyes, and when so
+ fitted can be easier taken off, and put on. When the sail is to be
+ set, hook the double block of a luff-tackle to this strap, and the
+ single one to the head of the sail; the hauling-part being sent down
+ abaft the fore-yard, and through a leading block on deck.
+
+ _Downhaul._--A single block is secured to the parts of the strap
+ round the bowsprit--the downhaul is spliced to the head of the sail,
+ then rove through the hanks, through the single block, and led in on
+ the forecastle. When a stay is fitted, the downhaul block is seized
+ to the strap round the bowsprit.
+
+ The downhaul is often double; if so, a single block is secured to the
+ head of the sail, the standing-part of the downhaul secured to the
+ strap on the bowsprit, and the hauling-part led in as before.
+
+ _Sheets._--Deck-tackles are generally used, one on each side; they
+ are hooked to the clew of the sail, and the hooks well moused. When
+ the sheet is aft, the weather one is overhauled. The after blocks
+ are hooked to eye or ring-bolts, as convenient, and should not be
+ too high or too low; if too much up and down, they slack the foot of
+ the sail; if too high, the after leech. The falls are rove through
+ leading blocks, and all the hooks should be well moused.
+
+ _Note._--These stays when set up, may be secured cutter-stay-fashion,
+ instead of seizing the end up, which will allow the sail to haul
+ close down on the bowsprit.
+
+
+=231.=--MAIN STAYSAIL GEAR.
+
+The stay is fitted the same as the fore, and sets up round the
+cross-piece in the fore bitts, after being rove through the hanks.
+
+The halliards are fitted the same as the fore.
+
+The downhaul is rove through a block strapped round the bitts for the
+purpose. If rove double they are fitted in the same manner.
+
+Instead of iron hanks, I have seen grommets used, made of pieces of
+rope, with a wall-knot worked on one end, and an eye spliced in the
+other; these are long enough to go round the stay and becket. They are
+secured to eyelet-holes in the sail with a seizing, and are always kept
+to it. I have seen the sails set on the spring-stays, when fitted in
+this way, but prefer separate stays.
+
+There are also other ways of setting storm-staysails, but those I have
+mentioned are in most general use. When a main-trysail can be got,
+mizen-staysails should never be drawn, as a ship will keep much better
+to windward with trysails and fore-staysail, than under the staysails
+alone.
+
+
+=232.=--MIZEN-STAYSAIL GEAR.
+
+The halliards are hitched to the collar of the staysail-stay, rove
+through a block in the head of the sail, then through a leader, and led
+down on deck.
+
+The downhaul is clinched to the head of the sail, and rove through
+the hanks down the mizen-stay. The mizen staysail-sheet is a runner,
+leading through a snatch-block and thimble. A gun-tackle purchase is
+most commonly used, which answers all purposes.
+
+
+=233.=--TOPMAST STAYSAILS, &c., &c.
+
+_Fore._--The standing part of the halliards is seized or hitched to the
+fore topmast spring-stay, then rove through a block in the head of the
+sail, up through a leading block under the eyes of the topmast rigging,
+then down on the larboard side of the deck abaft the foremast. The
+downhaul is hitched to the head of the sail, rove through the hanks,
+then through a block seized to the tack of the sail, and led in on the
+forecastle, through a fair leader. The tack is a simple lashing.
+
+The fore topmast staysail and jib-sheets are pendants lashed to the
+clew of the sail, with a block in the end, through which the sheets are
+rove; the standing part is hooked to an eyebolt in the bows, and the
+running part is led in on the forecastle.
+
+ _Main._--The standing part of the halliards is hitched to the collar
+ of the main-topmast spring-stay, reeving through a block at the head
+ of the sail, then through a block at the main-topmast head, and
+ led down on deck. The downhaul is fitted the same as the fore, and
+ led down by the fore-mast. The tack is rove through a block in the
+ weather fore-rigging, or top.
+
+ The main topmast staysail-brails are seized to the leech of the sail,
+ led up through the hanks to a block seized to the upper hank, and can
+ also be used as a downhaul.
+
+ The middle, lower, and upper topgallant-staysails and jackstays,
+ may be fitted in one. In this case a double block is turned in,
+ and lashed to the after part of the fore-topmast crosstrees, or
+ mast-head; the lower part is set up in the fore-top, and the upper
+ part at the fore-topgallant mast-head.
+
+ The middle staysail-stays are rove through a single block, strapped
+ to the topmast, down on the cap.
+
+ The lower and upper topgallant staysail-stays, are rove through
+ blocks fitted to traverse the jackstay, with lock-thimbles, the
+ former being rove through the other sheave of the double block
+ at the topmast cross-trees; the latter through a block at the
+ fore-topgallant mast-head, and both led on deck.
+
+ The downhaul blocks are single, and are seized to the straps of the
+ tricing-line blocks. The halliards are whips hitched to the collars
+ of the stays, rove through blocks in the head of the sail, through
+ leading blocks at the mast-head, and down on deck. The tacks are
+ single and led in the fore-top; the sheets are also single, leading
+ in the gangways.
+
+ _Note._--The principle object to be attended to, in reeving
+ running-rigging, is to avoid the ropes being too much crowded in one
+ place, crossing or chafing each other, or any part of the standing
+ rigging, as it not only destroys it, but also decreases the desired
+ purchase to be obtained by their running clear of each other.
+
+
+=234.=--SETTING UP RIGGING FOR A FULL-DUE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Have all the luffs on deck; fore, main, and mizen pendant-tackles
+hooked, and tackle-falls laid along for pulling up; new lanyards
+ready for reeving, seizings, marling-spikes, levers, mallets, grease,
+small spars for ratling-down, triangles rigged ready for hoisting
+up the mast, to secure the futtock-shrouds and cat-harpen legs, (if
+used;) burton-falls sent on deck and rove--all the temporary ratlines
+cast-off--spars got up underneath the bowsprit with the gratings for
+the men to work on--topgallant-masts and flying jib-boom housed;
+and also men stationed at the dead-eyes to turn in if required. Let
+everything go abaft the masts, commence turning in the dead-eyes, and
+reeve the lanyards--set up the bowsprit-rigging and secure it. Then
+man the pendant-tackles, set taut the after-swifters--(if wedges in)
+get the mast well forward in its place, and secure the stays. Cast off
+the cat-harpen legs (if fitted), and futtock-shrouds.[23] Set up the
+rigging for a full-due, observing the same precautions as when it was
+first set up.
+
+The lanyard is now rove full, and when racked, take the end and form a
+clove-hitch above the dead-eye, then rack the surplus-end to the inside
+parts of the lanyard, until the end is expended. The hitch is formed
+between the dead-eye and shroud, around both parts, in the space left
+by stretching--some use a half-hitch taken over all round the shroud,
+hove well back, the lanyard expended, and the end seized. The ends of
+the shrouds are then cut square and capped, and the mats laced on.
+
+Rigging-mats are made with small rope, three-quarter-inch, and are
+called sword-mats. They are generally the breadth of the dead-eye, and
+long enough to take in both--the lanyards are laced inside. They are
+hardly ever used on topmast rigging; they look heavy, and are of no
+use, except on the forward shrouds and backstays.
+
+ [23] Vessels having their futtock-rigging set up to bands round the
+ mast, use no cat-harpen legs, and have therefore no occasion of
+ coming up either of the above.
+
+
+=235.=--STAYING MASTS.
+
+The practice of “staying masts with the wedges in,” has been already
+denounced as contrary to every received system of seamanship. The
+stays may be set taut with the wedges in, but the masts should be
+always free in the partners, whenever there is occasion to alter the
+position of their _standing_; because it is impossible but that the
+precise situation of the mast must be altered a little, rendering
+necessary corresponding alterations in the wedges. When these are made
+and the wedges firmly fixed, there can be no inequalities of play
+or pressure--the whole becomes a solid mass, yielding naturally and
+uniformly to the motion of the ship. Whereas, if in setting up the
+rigging the wedges be kept fast, the mast pressing unequally against
+them, having too much play in one part, and too little in another, it
+must inevitably get crippled.
+
+In preparing to set up the rigging, though the stays may not appear
+to require a pull, it is well to have the luffs and tackle ready; for
+after lifting the wedges, there is great probability of its being found
+necessary.
+
+
+=236.=--BLACKING RIGGING.
+
+The most convenient method of blacking rigging, is with the topgallant
+masts on deck, but royal and topgallant rigging placed at the
+mast-heads; for then men who ride down and black the topmast-stays, can
+then at the same time easily black the topgallant and royal-stays; or,
+what is handier still--let the men at the mast-head haul over and black
+these small stays, and pay them down forward when done. The men also
+who black down the topmast-backstays, can carry on at the same time
+with the topgallant and royal-backstays. By this method the masts are
+kept clean.
+
+[Illustration: Scale-draft of a First-Class Frigate.]
+
+If, on the other hand, topgallant-masts be kept up when blacking, the
+small stays and backstays must be let go, in order that they may be
+got at by the men on the topmast-stays and backstays; consequently the
+masts must be adrift, are likely to be daubed over with blacking, and
+if it should come on to blow fresh, so as to render it necessary to get
+the topgallant-masts on deck, much injury must result to the blacking.
+
+The topsail and lower lifts should be blackened first, the men having
+to stand on the yards to do them.
+
+Previous to commencing, the decks should be well sanded, and the
+paint-work and head covered with old canvass. The quarter-tackle should
+be clapped on one side of the main-yard, and also a burton hooked,
+ready for clearing boats.
+
+The finer and warmer the day, the better--the blacking will lay on so
+much the smoother and thinner; but commencement should be delayed until
+the dew is well dried off. A dry calm day is the best; for the blacking
+will not take effect, unless the surface it is laid upon be dry.
+
+
+=237.=--STATIONING THE CREW.
+
+In dividing the crew into watches, care should be taken that the
+physical force is as equally distributed as possible, and that there be
+as many seamen, ordinary seamen, boys, and marines, in one watch as in
+another.
+
+Petty officers should be chosen from among the seamen, and those
+selected who have been long in the service, and have proved faithful.
+Forecastle men should be middle-aged seamen, with a few ordinary seamen
+and landsmen. Young active seamen should be selected for topmen, also
+a few ordinary seamen, landsmen and boys. After-guard, a few elderly
+seamen, with ordinary seamen and landsmen. Waisters are chiefly
+landsmen, with a few ordinary seamen; in single-decked vessels, where
+there are no waisters, more men should be stationed on the forecastle
+and in the after-guard, in proportion to the number of the crew of
+the different classes of vessels. Idlers are excused from keeping
+watch--they are officers’ servants, cooks, &c., &c.
+
+Divide each watch into first and second parts, and appoint a captain
+to each part; number the men belonging to the forecastle, having all
+the larboard watch even, as two, four, six, and the starboard odd; have
+the numbers painted on canvass, and let each man sew it on his bag and
+hammock; having also for greater distinction, the larboard painted red,
+and the starboard black. The men should be below alternately, so that
+when one watch is below, there should be an equal number of the other
+watch on deck.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=238.=--STATIONING THE CREW AT QUARTERS.
+
+Captains of the guns should be chosen from among the seamen who have
+been long accustomed to them, steady, with good sight, and quick
+motion. The largest and stoutest men should be chosen to man the long
+guns, the others the cannonades. The boarders should be stout men--the
+firemen and sail-trimmers, active young men. Be particular to station
+them as near where they are accustomed to do their duty as possible, in
+order to prevent confusion. Let all the first part of the gun’s crew be
+in one watch, and the second part in the other, so that in the event of
+going to quarters in the night, the watch on deck can clear away the
+guns, while the watch below will clear away the hammocks.
+
+To a twelve-pounder cannonade are stationed four men and one boy. All
+the men stationed at the long guns of a double-decked ship, should be
+armed with cutlasses, and called “boarders”--the first of the gun’s
+crew to be called second boarders, and _vice versa_. They are only to
+be called on when required to “board,” or in a case of great emergency
+to “repel boarders,” and then every man will repair to the upper-deck,
+except the firemen, quarter-gunners, and powder boys, who will remain
+below to protect the ports, or to assist in extinguishing a fire.
+
+All the men stationed at the cannonades should be boarders and
+sail-trimmers. As boarders, the first part should be armed with pikes;
+the second part with small-arms, who are to repel the boarders, but not
+to quit the ship.
+
+In a single-decked ship, all the men stationed are boarders; the first
+part to be armed with cutlasses, and the second with pikes.
+
+The battery being manned, distribute the rest of the crew as
+follows:--have a quarter-master at the signals, when in a
+squadron--topmen and marines in the tops, to repair damages, and
+act as small-arm-men--a quarter-master and two men at the relieving
+tackles--men stationed at the passages, to pass full and empty
+boxes; also others at the shot-lockers. Mastmen to see the rigging
+clear--cook, and armorer at the galley--the carpenter and his mates at
+the pumps and wings--the master-at-arms, and ship’s corporal in the
+light-room--the gunner, his mates, quarter-gunners, and cooper, in the
+magazine, and the surgeon and assistants in the cock-pit.
+
+
+=239.=--STATIONING THE CREW FOR MOORING AND UNMOORING.
+
+In stationing the men, place the same number of men, of each watch, to
+perform a piece of duty. When in a squadron, have quarter-masters at
+the signals, and also in the chains--men at the wheel--quarter-gunners
+to overhaul the fish, and grapple the buoys--men to overhaul and hook
+the cat, and attend the back-ropes; also others at the mast, to see
+the rigging clear. Boatswain’s mates in the gangways; carpenter’s
+mates to ship and unship the capstan bars, and attend the stanchions,
+with the music at the capstan--some fore-topmen to put on nippers,
+or selvagees, some main-topmen to take them off, and boys to carry
+them forward. Hands to rouse up and veer away the cable, to attend
+the stoppers, and light forward the messenger. The yeoman in the
+store-room--master-at-arms, and ship’s corporal on the berth-deck, and
+cook at the galley--tierces in each tier, or chain-locker, and the
+remainder of the men at the capstan.
+
+
+=240.=--LOOSING AND FURLING.
+
+Take the same number of men from each watch, and station them at the
+same rope, &c. The topmen are to man their respective yards--hands
+are to attend the boom-jiggers and tricing-lines--forecastle men to
+attend head-sails, trysail and foresail--main-yard men to look out for
+the main-sail--after-guard, for the spanker and main-trysail--for the
+main-topmast staysail, the fore-top-men--for the main-staysail, the
+gunner’s crew--hand stationed to sheet home, and hoist the topsails,
+and when coming to an anchor, the same men to man the clew-lines,
+bunt-lines, and weather-braces; and when loosing sails to dry, to man
+bowlines, or buntlines. In furling, the captains are to be in the
+bunt, in reefing, at the earings.
+
+
+=241.=--STATIONING THE CREW FOR TACKING AND VEERING.
+
+Station the men from the “watch bill”--have hands at the jib-boom end,
+to overhaul the jib-brails, and light over flying-jib sheets. On the
+bowsprit end to light over jib-pendants--hands on the bumkins, and
+in the chains, to overhaul tacks and sheets, and backstay-falls. On
+deck, at the wheel, spritsail-braces, jib-sheets, jib-brails, braces,
+bow-lines, clew-garnets, tacks and sheets, backstay-falls, lifts,
+trusses, spanker-sheets, guys, vangs, and topping-lifts. Aloft, to
+overhaul lifts and trusses--attend outriggers, and bear the backstays
+abaft and abreast--the mast-men to see the rigging clear, &c., &c.
+
+ _For reefing._--The men are stationed as in furling, with the
+ exception of the captains, who are stationed at the earings. When the
+ yards are down, the men from the clew-lines and bunt-lines will haul
+ out the reef-tackles.
+
+
+=242.=--GETTING READY TO BEND SAILS.
+
+It is customary to bend the light sails first, such as jibs, spankers,
+and trysails. Overhaul the jib and flying-jib stay, and halliards, in
+on the forecastle. Have the lashing spliced into the sheets ready for
+passing, and seizings to the hanks.
+
+Overhaul down into the top the reef-tackles, and stop the blocks to the
+foremost shrouds, (or the end if single.) Overhaul the topsail-sheets
+from the yard-arm, and half-hitch them round a dead-eye, or foremost
+futtock-plate. Bunt-lines into the top, and stop them to the foremost
+shroud, above the topsail-yard, or to the tye-blocks--clew-lines
+into the top, and stop them to the eye of a shroud, and get the
+harbor-gaskets on the yards. A rope-yarn stop will be quite sufficient
+for all these purposes. Both burtons should be overhauled on deck
+before all.
+
+Overhaul down the leech-lines, slab-lines, bunt-lines and clew-garnets,
+and stop them so as to prevent their flying about.
+
+Take two selvagee-straps, put them round the neck of the boom-irons,
+and to them hook the double-block of a long jigger; the single one
+overhaul down, and hook to a ring or eye-bolt in the bulwarks, and the
+fall led through a leading block a-midships.
+
+[Illustration: United States’ Ship-of-the-Line COLUMBUS, at Anchor.]
+
+Lower down the gaffs--overhaul the brails, and have seizings of
+two-yarn spun-yarn ready, to secure them to the sails. If hoops,
+seizings should also be put on them, with both ends rove through the
+bight.
+
+Topgallant yards should be got out of the rigging, and laid on deck out
+of the way, ready for bending the sails. Top-burtons overhauled down
+forward of all, for the topsails.
+
+ _Note._--When the preparations above stated are made, it is intended
+ to bend all the sails together.
+
+
+=243.=--BENDING SAILS.
+
+Call all hands to bend sails--get the courses, jib, topsails, and
+spanker, on deck. Open them out, and see that they are whole and
+complete; with the bowline-bridles, head and reef-earings, rope-bands,
+reef-points, sheet, clew-line, and reef-tackle blocks all in their
+proper places. Bight the topsails down in their respective places
+forward of the masts, with the clews out. Hook the lower block of the
+burton to the slings passed round the centre of the sail, and mouse the
+hook--reeve the fall through a snatch-block or leader, and keep the
+sail clear of the top as it goes up.
+
+Overhaul the courses athwart the deck, shackle on the sheet, and
+also the tack, and clew-garnet blocks--reeve and bend the gear--stop
+the head of the sail to the bunt-lines, use the clew-jiggers for
+yard-ropes, hooking to the first reef-cringle, and stop the head
+earings to the block.
+
+The end of the jib-stay having been brought in on the forecastle,
+reeve in the hanks, and stop the luff of the jib--hook on the
+halliards--reeve the downhauls--fit the brail-block and reeve the
+brails--hook on the sheet-blocks, or pendants, and reeve the sheets.
+
+Lower the spanker-gaff--pass the throat and peak-earings, and lace
+the head to the gaff--seize on the brails, and reeve them and the
+outhauler. All being ready,
+
+ _To man the gear._--First, man the top-burtons and sway the topsails
+ clear of the deck--man the jib-halliards and downhaul--yard-ropes,
+ clew-garnets, clew-lines, bunt-lines, reef-tackles, and
+ gaff-halliards: at the word run out the jib, reeve and set up the
+ stay, and seize the tack. Sway the topsails and courses up to the
+ yards, where some hands are ready to receive them. Bend the gear
+ and haul out; then take a turn with the earings--ride down the heads
+ and pass the earings exactly; make fast the rope-bands, fit the
+ leech-line block of the courses--seize on and reeve the leech-line.
+ In the mean-time some hands are employed in seizing on the hoops of
+ the trysails and spanker, as they go aloft. After the sails are all
+ bent, it would be well to let them fall, to see that all the gear is
+ bent clear, if so, clew up and furl the courses and topsails, and
+ stow the jib, spanker and trysails.
+
+ The topgallant-sails, royals, and studding-sails are bent on deck.
+
+ Send the staysails into the tops, fit the jackstays and tricing-line
+ blocks, seize the head of the luff; reeve the halliards, downhauls,
+ and brails, bend the tacks and sheets; stow the staysails and haul
+ all taut.
+
+ _Note._--The staysails are not _all_ allowed by the new Book of
+ Allowances.
+
+
+=244.=--BENDING SMALL SAILS.
+
+By small sails are meant topgallant-sails, royals, flying-jib,
+studding-sails and staysails.
+
+It is only in ships in good order where the men go through this
+manœuvre with smartness and method, after being exercised, and having
+become familiar with the ship and their stations.
+
+First, all the yards, topgallant, royal, and studding-sail, should be
+got out of the rigging, and down on deck at the same time. Next, a
+proportion of hands should be sent to each sail, and all bent together,
+including flying-jib and staysails.
+
+When the topgallant-sails, royals, and studding-sails, are all bent,
+they should be swayed into the rigging all together, and not one after
+another.
+
+If the topgallant-yards happen to be across, the best plan, if
+circumstances will permit, is to bend all the other small sails first,
+except the flying-jib, and then to wait until the yards are sent down
+at sunset, to bend topgallant-sails and flying-jib.
+
+Topgallant sails ought not to be bent while the yards are across,
+because the earings must then be hauled out, and passed _over_ the
+lifts and braces, which precludes the possibility of unrigging the yard
+afterwards, without unbending the sail. Sometimes one of the two sets
+of topgallant-yards are appropriated in harbor to exercise, (sending up
+and down) while the other is kept below, with the sail bent, ready for
+crossing.
+
+In bending topgallant-sails, the earings are passed the same as the
+topsail, and the sail seized to the jackstay, the yard-rope bent, the
+sails furled, and the yard got into the lower rigging. In furling,
+bring the leeches taut along the yard, and keep the clews in the bunt,
+then roll the sail up from the yard-arm, and pass the gaskets. Put
+the grommet over the yard-arm, man the yard-rope and sway the yard up
+and down; put the lower yard-arm into the snotter, over the foremost
+dead-eye; secure the upper yard-arm with a lanyard spliced round the
+shroud for the purpose; it is called a stop. The lizard should be
+singled, ready for going aloft, by reeving it once through the thimble
+on the yard-arm, and half-hitch round the yard-rope with the bight.
+
+Trysails and storm-staysails should be bent at this time, if they are
+to be bent at all before leaving harbor.
+
+ _Note._--Good rope-yarns answer very well for robins for
+ topgallant-sails and royals. You are never at a loss for them in
+ bending, and in unbending they are easily cut.
+
+
+=245.=--BENDING A SPANKER.
+
+Overhaul the brails well, and pass the sail through their bights. Haul
+the earing in the jaws out first; then the outer one. Splice the lacing
+into the outer eyelet-hole, lacing, and secure the lacing in the jaws.
+Bring the after-leech taut, along the gaff, and within a few inches of
+the blocks; mark the place for the throat-brails, also for the peak,
+opposite their respective cheeks on the gaff, and seize the brails to
+the leech-rope, by passing the seizing between the strands and round
+the brails. Eyelet-holes, worked close to the leech-rope, are far
+preferable for seizing the brails to.
+
+The throat-earing is generally passed through an eye-bolt in the lower
+part of the jaws; but this never brings the sail close to the mast, and
+looks very bad. In preference, I would recommend having a score cut
+under the leather in the jaws, and the earing passed from the cringle
+through this score, and an eye-bolt on the upper side of the jaws,
+back through the cringle, and so on, until sufficient turns are taken
+to secure the sail. Large staples also are fitted to the jaws for the
+purpose, and keys on top, which answer better, and are more secure;
+also bending battens, instead of lacing round the gaff.
+
+The outer earing is passed round a cleat on the upper side of the
+gaff, for the purpose. Take the earing from the cringle, pass it round
+outside the cleat, back through the cringle, and round the cleat, until
+sufficient turns are taken; then take several inner turns round the
+gaff and cringle; frap all the outer turns together, with the remaining
+part of the earing, to bring the parts close, and prevent any chance of
+their slipping over the cleat; take two half-hitches, expend, and seize
+the end.
+
+To haul out this earing, and stretch the head of the sail well, use a
+small jigger; secure the double block to an eye-bolt in the end of the
+gaff, pass three turns of the earing, cat’s-paw the end, to which hook
+the other block, and pull the earing well out. I have frequently seen
+only one earing used; but would prefer two, as all inner turns, when
+much strain is on them, should have a separate earing. If a new sail,
+and requires much stretching, it is hauled well out before passing the
+earing, by hooking the inner block of the jigger to the cringle. Man
+the throat and peak-halliards, hoist the sail up gradually, seize the
+hoops, and reeve the lacing.
+
+ _Note._--Trysails are bent in the same manner. Some fit them to haul
+ _in_ and _out_ on the gaff, with hoops.
+
+
+=246.=--FITTING SEA-GASKETS.
+
+Gaskets are made with foxes, or small spun-yarn, and platted, like
+making sennit. The spun-yarn is middled over the bolt, and platted
+together, the bight forming the eye; sometimes a piece is platted for
+the eye, then all worked together; if not, the eye is served over
+afterwards. Sea-gaskets are long enough to have only two on each
+yard-arm, and to furl the sail over booms and all, when close-reefed,
+as there will be no more sail on the yard-arms than at any other time.
+They are secured round the jackstay, by reeving the end through the
+eye; sometimes round the yard.
+
+
+=247.=--FITTING HARBOR-GASKETS.
+
+In making, the eye is left large enough to take a small thimble, then
+platted broader in the centre, and tapered to a small end. The broad
+part should be long enough to make the sail in when furled with two
+reefs. They may be (to look well) about two-and-a-half inches wide,
+but this is quite a matter of taste. When put on the yard, the thimble
+is put underneath the jackstay from forward, and secured to it by a
+seizing passed round the neck of the gasket and jackstay, close to the
+thimble, and when the sail is ready for their being passed, it is taken
+up and rove through the thimble, and the sail tossed well up; the end
+then shoved underneath between the sail and gasket, once or twice.
+These always look better than any other, are easier passed and secured,
+and keep the sail well up. There is generally one harbor-gasket to
+every other seam.
+
+
+=248.=--BUNT-GASKETS.
+
+These are always, as to fitting, a matter of taste, but at present
+they are generally made of wove mat, two or three inches wide, with
+the two legs crossed, and an eye in each end. I have seen them made
+of rope, in the following manner:--Take the distance between the two
+quarter blocks, and measure it off on deck; drive a nail slightly into
+the deck at each end; then measure from the centre the height the
+bunt is intended to be, and there drive another nail. Take a piece of
+rope, from two and a half to three-inch, and measure off sufficient to
+go over these nails, forming a triangle; splice both ends together,
+and seize a thimble in each corner; put these thimbles over the nails
+again, and fill the space in diamonds or squares, according to fancy.
+The thimbles in each end are secured by the quarter-blocks to the
+jackstay, and also in the centre. It is not necessary to have thimbles
+in each end, as an eye will answer every purpose. A long sennit-gasket
+is middled and seized by the upper thimble; it should be sufficiently
+long to go round the mast, when the gasket is boused up, to secure it
+and the bunt well into the mast.
+
+
+=249.=--HAMMOCK GIRTLINES.
+
+Whips are rove at the yard-arms. If rope is not used on purpose for
+girtlines, the studding-sail halliards will answer; they are rove as
+follows:--A tail block is put on each side of the jib-boom end, and
+another on the spanker-boom. Overhaul down the whips, and bend them
+round the girtlines with a bowline knot, allowing room for their
+rendering through. Belay the foremost ends of the girtlines and trice
+up; haul upon the after-part, and get all taut. A man lays out on each
+yard-arm, and marks the girtline with rope-yarns where the tricing
+line, or a whip, should be bent; then lower away, cast off the bowline
+knot, and bend the tricing lines round the girtlines with a rolling
+hitch.
+
+The whips are led from the lower yards to the lower caps, through
+blocks hooked to the bolts, and on deck. The lower end of the
+tricing-line is often bent to the girt-line as an inhaul or downhaul;
+but it is best to have them separate, as it prevents walking the
+hammocks up, and laying across the deck; and there are plenty of other
+ropes’ ends which will answer the same purpose.
+
+When one girt-line of a side is not enough, others are rove inside in
+the same manner. The generality of ships reeve them inside of the lower
+rigging, as they are much easier got down, and the hammocks are not so
+likely to get dirty, or overboard.
+
+
+=250.=--STOPPING ON HAMMOCKS.
+
+Every man should be obliged to have three knittle-stops at the head,
+and two at the foot of his hammock. When stopping on, they should
+overlay at each side about two or three inches, and be stopped together
+at the foot--numbers up and in.
+
+The forecastle-men should stop their hammocks on forward, next
+foretop-men, next maintop-men, next mizentop-men, next after-guard,
+idlers, and boys. Boatswain’s mates abreast of each hatchway.
+
+
+=251.=--FURLING OR STOWING THE BUNT OF A SAIL.
+
+When the sail is nearly rolled up, hook the bunt-jigger, bouse it
+well up, lower the buntlines, and _shove_ the sail well into the
+skin, taking pains to keep the bunt square; pass and secure the
+bunt-gasket--take off the jigger--lower and square the studding-sail
+booms, and pass the heel-lashings.
+
+
+=252.=--FURLING COURSES.
+
+The leeches are handed in along the yard, then the sail rolled up snug,
+with the ends of the points passed in towards the bunt, to give the
+sail a gradual increase in that direction. Pass the gaskets, lower the
+booms, and, if required, stop up the gear.
+
+Bowlines are stopped to the slings close down, and hauled taut on the
+forecastle.
+
+The bowline-bridles of all sails, in furling, are laid with the toggle
+towards the bunt, and bridles taut along the yard.
+
+When a sail is neatly furled, it appears neither above nor below the
+yard--earings well slewed up--sail smooth under the gaskets, bunt
+square, and a _taut_ skin. The heels of the booms should be square, and
+every thing necessary completed, previous to _squaring_ the yards.
+
+
+=253.=--MAKING UP SAILS.
+
+In making up a course, stretch the head of the sail well taut along
+the deck or loft; bring up to the head the belly-band, then the foot,
+leaving the clew-blocks out at each end; also the bowline-bridles, and
+roll taut up; pass the head-earing round the sail close inside the
+bolt-rope, and put a stop of good spun-yarn to every seam. The reef
+earings are made up in the sail.
+
+In making up a topsail, stretch the head of the sail taut along; bring
+the second reef up to the head, and lay all the points and earings
+snugly along; then bring up the belly-band, and then the foot. The
+clew-blocks, bowline-bridles, reef-tackles, and toggles or span,
+should be left out, so that when the sail is sent aloft for bending,
+the sheets can be rove, reef-tackles and bowlines toggled, without
+loosing the sail, which will be found of great advantage when blowing
+fresh. Roll well up, stop with spun-yarn at each seam, and expend the
+head-earings round the ends of the sail.
+
+Topgallant-sails are made up with the clews out, and bowline-bridles,
+(if wished,) but they are always bent to the yards on deck; so the
+neater, they can be made up the better.
+
+ _Note._--The reef-earings of the topsails should be secured to the
+ cringles, before rolling up; bowline-hitch the end of the first
+ reef-earing to the head, second to the first, third to the second,
+ and fourth to the third reef cringles; as there is sometimes much
+ trouble in getting hold of an earing when it is not secured as above.
+
+ All spare sails should be _tallied_, before being stowed in the
+ sail-room, as it will prevent all mistakes; but if a sail is properly
+ stowed, and the _master_ and _sailmaker_ take a list when they are
+ stowing, there never can be any difficulty in finding what may be
+ wanted.
+
+ Royals are made up the same as topgallant-sails.
+
+
+=254.=--TO MAKE UP A TOPMAST STUDDING-SAIL.
+
+Stretch the sail taut along, and overhaul the downhaul through the
+thimble and block, and bight it along the whole length of the leech.
+Then roll up towards the inner leech, lay the sheets along the whole
+length of the sail, roll up over all, and stop the sail well up with
+spun-yarn or foxes. The earings are expended round the head of the sail
+when bent to the yard.
+
+ _Note._--The topgallant studding-sail is also made up in the same
+ manner.
+
+
+=255.=--FURLING FORE AND AFT SAILS, (WITH CLOTHS OR COVERS.)
+
+The jib is hauled close down, and the sea-gasket passed round it. The
+cloth is then placed over, and the stops tied. Eyelet-holes are made in
+each edge for the stops. Jib-sheets and halliards stopped, and hauled
+taut.
+
+ _Furling Spanker._--It is also furled best with a cover; it can be
+ furled in the two after cloths, the same as a jib, but it never looks
+ so well, takes time, and in most instances has to be loosed two or
+ three times before it gives satisfaction.
+
+ In furling with a cover, the sail is brailed close up, and the cover
+ stopped round, commencing from the end of the gaff, and working in to
+ the mast, and down on deck.
+
+ Trysails are stowed in the same manner as spankers.
+
+ The fore-topmast staysail is stowed as a jib, in the netting.[24]
+
+ _Note._--Stowing fore and aft sails requires more handy-work than
+ seamanship, the principal thing being to furl them in the smallest
+ compass, and in the after cloths, as it brings the seams up and down.
+ I have seen staysails admired for their neatness from the deck,
+ when the greater part of the sails were lying loose in the top.
+ This should be avoided as much as possible, as something should be
+ sacrificed in appearance, to preserve a sail from injury. Taking a
+ little trouble will get all the sail in the skin; and although it may
+ be larger, it can be made to look neat.
+
+ Jibs require more pains taken in stowing, than any of the other fore
+ and aft sails. There is no necessity of stowing them in their own
+ cloths, when furling cloths are allowed. (_See allowance_).
+
+ [24] Canvass bottoms are used instead of nettings, for staysails.
+
+
+=256.=--REEFING COURSES TO JACKSTAYS.
+
+When this plan is adopted there is only one point requisite, and that
+on the fore side of the sail; some use two, but it is unnecessary.
+
+Reeve the point through the eyelet-hole from the after side, the points
+being made with eyes. Through the eyes reeve a small sized rope; this
+is called the jack-line. Between every four eyelet-holes, stitch the
+rope well to the sail, on each yard-arm, leaving three points out.
+Take a piece of small rope, splice one end to the eyelet-hole in the
+head of the sail, reeve it through that left in the reef, and splice
+the other end into the same eyelet hole in the head, leaving about two
+feet slack. This will be found of much use in gathering the sail up for
+reefing--it is called a _grab-rope_, or _reef-line_.
+
+
+=257.=--REEF-EARINGS
+
+Are fitted the same as the head--an eyelet-hole is worked below the
+cringle, large enough to take the earing; through this put the earing,
+reeve the end through the long-eye, and haul it taut through. The
+earings are sometimes put in the cringles, but the cringle cannot be
+so well hauled up on the yard, and consequently will not be so well
+secured for carrying sail; and it not only puts more strain on the
+yard-arm points, but also injures the sail. They are also fitted on the
+bight, and passed on both ends; one end for the outer turns, and the
+other the inner turns.
+
+ _To pass a reef-earing._--For the first, second, and third reef,
+ take it from the sail, on the foreside of the yard, round the cleat
+ for the purpose, through the cringle, round the yard and through the
+ cringle, until three or four outer turns are passed; then reeve the
+ bight through the cringle from aft forward--take a round turn in the
+ cringle; then take the end from the latter under the yard up abaft
+ over, and through the bight; then back over the yard on the foreside,
+ through the cringle, from underneath the yard; slew the cringle well
+ up, and leech off the sail, and pass sufficient turns to secure;
+ then expend the end round the yard and half-hitch round all, or a
+ clove-hitch to the lift.
+
+ A close reef-earing is passed the same way, but hauled out on the
+ after side of the yard. Being hauled out abaft, it covers all the
+ other reefs, and there being so much sail on the fore-side, it would
+ never keep up.
+
+ In passing the outer turns for each reef, take two for the first;
+ three for the second and third, and four for the fourth. For the
+ inner turns, expend the earing, except your earings are fitted on the
+ bight.
+
+
+=258.=-BENDING STUDDING-SAILS.
+
+All are bent to the yard alike, and the same precautions used as in
+other sails, keeping the rope next the yard. The earings are rove
+through the holes in the yard-arms, and cringle in the head of the
+sails; two or three outer turns are taken, and the earing nearly
+expended in inner turns, then frap the outer turns together with the
+end, and half-hitch, if the sail is laced to the yard--the lacing is
+spliced into one eyelet-hole, rove through the other, and passed round
+the yard.
+
+They are sometimes bent by half-hitching the lacing, which plan keeps
+the sail up, and much closer to the yard. A round turn is also used, by
+being passed round the yard-arm and through the eyelet-hole twice, and
+from the latter through the next eyelet-hole, round the yard. They are
+then made up--the topmast studding-sail to the foremost shrouds of fore
+and main rigging; topgallant, in foremost part of the topmast rigging;
+and lower, on the booms. The topmast studding-sail is also sometimes
+kept on the booms, and tarpaulin covers fitted for them.
+
+These sails are sometimes bent with long rope-bands, and unbent when
+taken in and stowed away, if dry.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In making up a topmast studding-sail, when bent, overhaul the downhaul
+the length of the luff or outer leech; then take the foot up to the
+yard, and place the tack block out. Bight the downhaul along the yard,
+also the sheets; roll the sail snugly up, and stop it with yarns.
+
+Lower studding-sails are bent and made up in the same manner as topmast
+studding-sails, with the sheet in.
+
+I have seen these sails when placed in the rigging ready for setting,
+with the sheets and downhaul left out and stopped to the yards; the
+tack stopped from the lower yard, up and down the foremost shroud and
+bent to the sail. This was done with the idea that the sail could be
+set much quicker; but it was found that the sail on the opposite side
+(which was set in the general way), was set with less trouble, and in
+less time. There will be plenty of time to bend the tack and halliards
+(when the order is given to get ready), while getting burtons up,
+jiggers on topsail-lift, weather-braces taut, and rigging the booms out.
+
+ _Note._--The topgallant studding-sail tack is generally kept bent,
+ and slacked when bracing the yards up.
+
+ It has frequently occurred to me, when I have heard the order from
+ the quarter-deck, in the event of setting studding-sails, “to rig out
+ and hoist away;” how can it be possible to rig out the fore-topmast
+ studding-sail booms, when probably there may be fifty men clapped on
+ the lower studding-sail halliards, hauling the booms in, and seldom
+ more than six or eight men at the most, on the in-and-out jigger,
+ trying to get the boom out.
+
+ I should recommend to rig-out and secure first, then hoist away.
+
+
+=259.=--PREPARATIONS FOR LEAVING THE WHARF AND HAULING OUT IN THE
+STREAM.
+
+ _To haul off and moor ship._--Before hauling off, all the spare
+ spars should be hoisted in and secured, boat’s chocks placed,
+ all the stores, provisions, and water got on board; it would be
+ also well to see that there is a sufficient quantity of brooms,
+ bath-brick for cleaning bright-work, lime and size for whitewash,
+ and everything that is allowed and requisite for the ship. The
+ complement of men from the receiving ship should be got on board,
+ and the boats provided with crews, oars, and sails. When everything
+ necessary is completed, make preparations for hauling off. Get up
+ kedges and hawsers ready for instant service; have the ends of the
+ hawsers pointed up each hatchway, ready for handing out if wanted.
+ Run out a kedge, and drop it where the first, or weather-anchor is
+ to be planted; have lines from the ship to the shore--single the
+ fasts--hang over fenders and outriggers--man the hawser, cast off the
+ fasts, and warp off; checking her as may be necessary by the lines.
+ When warped out to the kedge, run it up to the bows, and let go the
+ weather anchor; veer as fast as she will take it, assisting her in
+ going astern by the mizen-topsail, if necessary. If to shoot her to
+ either side, use the helm, jib, or spanker, and in case there is no
+ wind, use kedges and hawsers.
+
+ When a double scope is out, stopper the cable, and let go the second
+ anchor--furl the mizen-topsail--bring-to on the weather cable, and
+ heave in to the moorings; moor a little taut, to allow for veering.
+ If a hemp-cable, clap on the service, and veer to the hawse-hole.
+
+
+=260.=--CARRYING OUT AN ANCHOR WITH A BOAT.
+
+Hang the anchor to the stern of the boat by good stoppers, and have the
+buoy and buoy-rope attached to it; pass the end of the cable or hawser
+out through the hawse-hole, and coil away enough of it in the bows
+of the boat, to reach the bottom. Now capsize the coil in the stern
+sheets, and then the end will be uppermost; bend on to the anchor.
+There should also be a sufficient length of the hawser coiled away in
+the boat to reach the place destined for the anchor. When in the right
+place, heave over the buoy, and see that the buoy-rope is clear--stand
+clear of the cable, and slip the stoppers. In case of making a
+guess-warp, _vice versa_.
+
+
+=261.=--MARKING THE LEAD-LINE.
+
+At two fathoms, two strips of leather; at three fathoms, three strips
+of leather; at five fathoms, a white rag; at seven fathoms, a red rag;
+at ten fathoms, a piece of leather with a hole in it; at thirteen, the
+same as three; at fifteen, the same as five; at seventeen, the same as
+seven; at twenty fathoms, two knots.
+
+Deep-sea lead-lines are marked the same, as far as twenty fathoms, then
+add one knot for every ten fathoms, and a strip of leather for every
+five fathoms.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=262.=--HEAVING THE LEAD
+
+A hole is made in the upper part of the lead, a piece of rope rove
+through it, and both ends spliced together;[25] an eye is spliced in
+the end of the line, put through this strap, the lead shoved through
+the bight, and hauled taut.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Breast ropes are fitted in the chains, for the men to lean against when
+heaving the lead. They are made as sword-mats, tapered at each end, and
+secured to two shrouds, with seizings passed round them, and through
+the eyes in each.
+
+Heaving the lead is generally performed by a man who stands in the
+main chains to windward. Having the line all ready to run out, without
+interruption, he holds it at a distance of nearly a fathom from the
+lead, and having swung it backwards and forwards three or four times,
+in order to acquire a greater velocity with the swing, he then swings
+it over his head, and thence as far forward as is necessary; so that
+by the lead sinking whilst the ship advances, the line may be almost
+perpendicular when it reaches the bottom. The person sounding then
+proclaims the depth of water, in a kind of _singing manner_. Thus:
+if the mark of five fathoms is close to the surface of the water, he
+_sings out_, “by the mark 5!” and, as there are no marks at 4, 6, 8,
+&c., he estimates those numbers, and sings, “by the deep 4!” &c. If
+he considers it to be a quarter, or a half, more than any particular
+number, he sings out, “and a quarter 5!” “and a half 4!” &c. If he
+conceives the depth to be three quarters more than a particular number,
+he calls it a quarter less than the next; thus, at four fathoms and
+three-quarters, he calls, “a quarter less 5!” and so on, according to
+the depth of the water.
+
+ [25] A leather becket may be used for light leads, instead of a rope
+ strap.
+
+
+=263.=--MARKING A LOG-LINE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Allow twelve fathoms for stray line, where stick in a white rag; then
+at every forty-seven feet and six-tenths, mark the line as follows,
+viz.: at one, one leather; at two, two knots; at three, three knots;
+and also having a mark at every half-knot. The glasses should be proved
+with a good watch, having a second-hand.
+
+The principle of the log-line is, that a knot is the same part of a
+sea-mile, that half-a-minute is of an hour; therefore the length of a
+knot should be one-hundred-and-twentieth the length of a sea mile, or
+fifty-one feet; but as it is more convenient to have the knot divided
+into eight parts, of six feet each, the proportional reduction is
+necessary in the glass. Therefore as 51 feet : 30 seconds :: 48 feet :
+28, 4.17 seconds; but as the fraction can be more easily allowed in the
+line than the glass, another proportion is necessary, viz., as 28, 4.17
+seconds : 48 feet :: 28 seconds to 47.6 feet, or the length of a knot.
+
+ _Note._--Log-lines are kept on reels for the purpose.
+
+The length of the stray-line is regulated by the size of the ship.
+
+
+=264.=--GETTING READY FOR SEA.
+
+Observe and note the exact line of flotation. See that all the rigging
+is properly up, alow and aloft. See that the preventer-gear is on, as
+well as breast-ropes for leadsmen, and leads and lines in the chains.
+If requisite, grease the masts, jib and staysail-stays, lifts and
+trusses, and reef-pendants--sheet-anchor stowed--guns secured--boats
+hoisted in and secured. Care should be taken that the harness-casks are
+lashed--chests and tables properly cleated, and binnacles secured. Let
+the armorer examine the slip-stoppers, and see that they are oiled,
+and in proper condition--get the swinging-booms fore and aft--awnings
+below, and awning ridge-ropes down--down jack-staff--see that the
+tiller-ropes are all clear, and that the tiller moves freely; also that
+the relieving-tackles and spare tiller-ropes are at hand.
+
+Cross topgallant yards, bend the gear; take the covers off the jibs,
+staysail, spanker, and trysails, and coil every rope down clear, for
+running--have the studding-sails stopped, ready for going aloft, and
+the royal-halliards down on the weather side. Cat and fish overhauled
+down. Timenoguys in their respective places. Life-buoys in order.
+Accommodation-ladder unshipped and stowed away. Pendants and ladders
+taken off the swinging-booms--head-cranes unshipped--chafing-gear on
+its respective places. It would also be well to see that there is a
+sufficiency of sand on board.
+
+
+=265.=--CLEAR HAWSE.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+ A Cross.
+ An Elbow.
+ A Round-turn.]
+
+Call all hands to “clear hawse.” Lash a stout single-block to the
+bowsprit, through which reeve the clear hawse-pendant; haul the launch
+under the bows, or if there is too much sea on, or she is not out, send
+a hand down in a bowline, and hook the pendant to the riding-cable,
+below the turn; bouse them up clear of the water, after which pass a
+stout lashing round both cables.
+
+If there should be a heavy sea on, or the wind flawey and variable, it
+would be well to pass the end of a hawser out of the hawse-hole, and
+hitch it to the cable,[26] to relieve the lashing. Reeve ropes through
+blocks on each side of the bowsprit end, for bow-lines, and pass them
+in at the hawse-hole, so as to take out an elbow; for instance--suppose
+the starboard was the clearing cable, take the larboard bow-line down
+under the cable, up into the starboard hawse-hole, and the starboard
+one over to the larboard side of the cable; then follow the lead of the
+larboard bow-line, bend on several fathoms inside, and stop along to
+the hawse-hole; draw the splice, or unshackle, bend on the hawse-rope,
+off-stoppers, and run out; hang the bights to the bowsprit (if
+hemp-cable), with slip-ropes, and send in the bow-lines again, the same
+way as before. When the end is out, “cast off,” dip it fair, and bend
+on again to the cable; rouse in, slack down the slip-ropes, and splice
+or shackle the cable; haul it taut with a deck-tackle, and bitt, and
+stopper as before. Cast off the hawser, unlash the cable, unreeve the
+clear hawse-pendant, unlash the block from the bowsprit end, and clear
+up the deck.
+
+ _Note._--If there is a round turn and an elbow in the hawse after
+ rousing the cable, repeat the operation as before; it is always well
+ to prevent confusion, by taking out one elbow at a time. A cross, is
+ when the cables lay across each other, or when the ship has _swung
+ foul once_; an elbow is two crosses, and a round turn is three
+ crosses; a round turn and elbow is five crosses. It can readily be
+ seen thus, in clearing hawse with a round turn, a cross will be left
+ in the cables.
+
+ The anchor is fouled in the very operation of _letting it go_; the
+ weight of the chain-cable causing the running out part to fall over
+ and foul the stock. To avoid this, some officers pursue the practice
+ of “letting go” the anchor with the cable _bitted_, which plan is
+ strongly recommended.
+
+ From the weight of the chain-cable, compared with that of the hempen,
+ the former is less liable than the latter to foul the anchor; but no
+ speculation should induce an officer to depart from that practice
+ which can alone ensure a clear anchor.
+
+ [26] See clear hawse-shackle and pendant.
+
+
+=266.=--WEIGHING AN ANCHOR WITH THE LAUNCH.
+
+This may be done by under-running, when the ship has slipped the cable,
+or weighing by the buoy-rope, when the anchor is lying in too shoal
+water for the ship to be hove up to it.
+
+Ship the roller on the stern of the launch, have strong tackles with a
+jigger also, and some good rope for stoppers. Get the end of the cable
+over the roller; pass a strap round it, to which hook the double block
+of the tackle, and the single one to a bolt in the bows; man the fall,
+and as the cable comes in, French-flake it along the thwarts; when the
+tackle comes two blocks, “stopper and fleet;” when the cable is “up
+and down,” clap the jigger on the fall of the tackle, and heave the
+boat’s stern well down in the water, and stopper securely. Send all the
+men in the bows of the boat; jump the boat and break the anchor out of
+the ground; then man the fall again, off stopper, and heave up; when
+the ring of the anchor is above water, pass a short ring-stopper, haul
+the buoy on board, and bring the boat to the ship; when alongside,
+hook the cat, and cat the anchor. Get the end of the cable unclinched,
+passed into the hawse, and the remainder hauled out of the launch. (If
+chain-cable, unshackle.)
+
+
+=267.=--WEIGHING AN ANCHOR WITH A BUOY-ROPE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Get the buoy-rope over the roller, clap on a tackle, and weigh the
+anchor as before. When it is secured, man the capstan, heave the launch
+in under the bows, and cat the anchor.
+
+Anchors are generally weighed with the buoy-rope when the cable has
+parted, and the end cannot be grappled; when this is the case, the
+anchor may be weighed with launch, brought under the bows and catted,
+and the cable unclinched and hove in; or the ship might be warped over
+the buoy, and the cat-fall taken to the buoy-rope.
+
+
+=268.=--BOATING AN ANCHOR.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Place the flukes perpendicularly over the stern, and the stock
+a-thwart-ships in the stem sheets, resting horizontally upon a loose
+thwart, placed there previously for the purpose, and steady all by one
+or two lashings.
+
+In letting go, nothing more is required than to cant the anchor over
+the quarter, by means of the thwart, taking care previously that the
+buoy, buoy-rope, and cable, be perfectly clear.
+
+Light anchors should be boated contrary to this, _i. e._, flukes
+inboard, and stock out.
+
+
+=269.=--TAKING IN A LAUNCH.
+
+Brace and secure the yards the same as when getting up the anchors, and
+also rig the same purchases; place the chocks, pass everything out of
+the launch, and hook the purchases to spans; have a few hands in the
+boat to keep her clear of the ship’s side. Man the yard tackle falls;
+have some hands to take in the slack of the stay fall; “walk away;”
+when the boat leaves the water, take out the plug. When high enough to
+clear the waist anchor stock, haul over on the main stay, easing away
+the fore and main yards; when the stem is over the deck, haul over the
+fore stay, lower, and place her in the chocks.
+
+The other boats may be got on board by the same purchases. The launch
+is stowed on the larboard side; the first cutter on the starboard
+side;[27] the second cutter, inside the launch, and the third cutter
+inside the first. When all are in, unrig the purchases, square the
+yards, and set up the gripes.
+
+The quarter and stern boats are hoisted up to their davits, and secured
+to them by stoppers, and the gripes set up.
+
+ [27] _i. e._, if the ship be a frigate or larger. Single-deck ships
+ have but one nest of boats.
+
+
+=270.=--TAKING IN BOATS BOTH SIDES AT ONCE.
+
+The yards are kept square, and secured on both sides by the lifts,
+burtons, and quarter lifts. Use the winding and stay tackles for the
+heaviest boats, and the yard tackles for the lightest ones; the topsail
+halliards forward, and the main pendant tackle aft, acting as stays
+to bring them on board. It may be necessary to come up the forward
+backstays, as they would be likely to interfere with the bows of the
+boats; after which proceed as before.
+
+ _Taking in a boat at sea._--Back the main-topsail, get the boat to
+ leeward, secure the lower yards as before directed, and hoist her in.
+ The boat coming in to leeward, tackles will be necessary to get her
+ to windward sufficiently to lower away.
+
+ When before the wind, a boat might be got in by securing the yards
+ as before, and taking a hawser from aft to the stern of the boat, to
+ keep her from sending or pitching forward when leaving the water, and
+ thereby endangering the yards.
+
+ _Note._--Some of our large vessels have two sets of yard and stay
+ tackles, for the purpose of taking in boats both sides at once; but
+ the above mentioned gear will answer all purposes in any case of
+ emergency, where the manœuvre is not considered as exercising.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+PART IV.
+
+
+=271.=--GETTING UNDER-WEIGH.
+
+See that the hawse is clear; overhaul a range of the weather cable--get
+up nippers--pass the messenger--knock up the stanchions--ship
+the gratings--ship, and swifter-in the capstan bars--rig the
+fish-davit--overhaul cat and fish; and call “all hands unmoor ship.”
+
+When the cable grows with the angle of the main-stay, the ship
+is said to ride at a “long stay;” when it grows with the angle
+of the fore-stay, the ship is said to be at a “short-stay.” When
+perpendicular, the phrase is “up and down.” From one or other of
+the two last mentioned positions, sail is generally made in getting
+under-weigh.
+
+If from the nature of the ground, or strength of the wind, there should
+be any probability of dragging the anchor, sail is generally made from
+a “short stay.” In such a case, particular attention ought to be paid
+that the head yards be not braced too sharp a-box; for the object being
+to cant the ship with the least possible sternway, the sooner the head
+sails lift or fill the better. The jibs are hoisted the instant they
+will take. If, after all, the ship drags her anchor, you can pall the
+capstan--stopper over all, brace round the head yards, and force her
+a-head by the sails, as far as may be necessary; then back the head
+yards, lay-to, and get the anchor up.
+
+If there should be so much wind and sea, as to make it a matter of
+difficulty to get the anchor, but plenty of sea-room, brace the yards
+a-box, according to the tack you wish to go upon, and get the anchor
+up and secured before making sail. In moderate weather, and ordinary
+circumstances, sail is generally made when the cable is “up and down.”
+Sometimes a stern-board is necessary, with the anchor dragging on the
+ground; at other times, a tack must be made in that position.
+
+[Illustration: A Schooner-of-War, getting under weigh.]
+
+If riding by the starboard cable, and no impediment to port, it will
+be the most eligible method, to cast her on the starboard tack, as the
+cable will then be clear of the cutwater, and the ship being to leeward
+of the anchor, it can be more easily catted and fished. If there should
+be much sea on, this would be the best plan.
+
+Having determined to cast on the starboard tack, overhaul the lifts,
+trusses, and backstay-falls. The fore-topsail being put aback, by the
+starboard braces; the main and mizen by the wind, with larboard after
+braces, heaving around briskly, and before breaking ground, give her
+a shear with the starboard helm; when up, hoist the jib, keeping the
+helm a-starboard, until the stern-board exceeds the velocity of the
+tide, when shift it, grapple the buoy, and cat the anchor. When she has
+fallen off, so as to fill the after sails, let flow the jib-sheet, haul
+out the spanker, set top-gallant sails and courses, and trim the yards
+and sails properly.
+
+To cast off on the larboard tack, put the helm a-port, and brace the
+yards the contrary way.
+
+
+=272.=--WHEN THE MESSENGER STRANDS, OR IS LIKELY TO PART.
+
+If the messenger is likely to part, from the great strain upon it,
+stopper immediately, and either pass a new one, or reeve a viol
+purchase, assisting it with the cat-fall. Lash the viol block to
+the cable near the hawse-hole; clinch one end of the hawser to the
+main-mast, snatch the bite in the block, and take the other end to
+the capstan. To assist the viol, pass a strap round the cable, close
+down to the water, to which hook the cat-fall, and heave up on both
+purchases.
+
+If the messenger should strand, stopper immediately, cut it, and then
+knot or splice it.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=273.=--TO GET UNDER-WEIGH AND STAND BEFORE THE WIND.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Make all preparations for getting under-weigh, heave-in, and make sail
+as before. Lay the main and mizen topsails square aback; the fore one
+sharp aback, according to the side it is intended to cast--heave-in,
+cant her the right way with the helm before tripping, and as soon as
+the velocity of the stern-board is greater than that of the tide, shift
+the helm, grapple the buoy, run up the jib as soon as it will take, and
+haul aft the weather-sheet. While falling off, cat and fish the anchor;
+as she gathers head-way, shift the helm; when before the wind, right
+it--square the head yards, and brail up the jib--set topgallant sails,
+royals, and foresail--haul taut the lifts, trusses, backstay-falls, and
+if necessary, set the studding-sails.
+
+
+=274.=--IN GETTING UNDER-WEIGH, TO BACK ASTERN AND AVOID DANGER.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Make all preparations as before. If required to cast on the starboard
+tack, sheer her with the starboard helm; to bring the wind on the
+starboard bow, brace the yards aback, about half-way up with the
+larboard braces; haul out the spanker and keep the boom nearly
+amid-ships. Heave up briskly, grapple the buoy, and as soon as the
+anchor is up, put the helm hard a-weather to keep her to--cat and fish
+the anchor. Having made sufficient stern-board, shift the helm, brace
+the after yards, ease off the spanker sheet, and run up the jib. When
+full aft, brace up the head yards, and as she gathers headway, right
+the helm and make sail. To cast on the larboard tack, sheer her with
+the port helm, brace all sharp aback, and proceed as before.
+
+
+=275.=--GETTING UNDER-WEIGH--A SHOAL ON EACH BEAM.
+
+It becomes necessary to proceed to sea, and is impossible to weather
+either of those a-beam; but there is just room to pass between a shoal
+astern, and either of those a-beam, with the wind _blowing fresh_.
+
+Pass the stream cable out of one of the quarter ports; bend on one
+end to the cable, and secure the other to the topsail sheet-bitts;
+draw the splice[28] of the cable, bend a slip-buoy to it, and
+heave it overboard. See the stoppers clear for slipping; stop the
+topsails to the yards with spun-yarn, casting off the gaskets. Loose
+the courses, jib, and spanker--mast-head the topsail-yards--man the
+jib-halliards--sheer her from the cable with the helm--slip and run up
+the jib--keep fast the stream-cable, and let her swing round. When she
+heads for the passage, slip the stream-cable, right the helm, sheet
+home the topsails, set the courses, and other sails if necessary; then
+stand through the passage.
+
+ [28] If chain cable, unshackle.
+
+
+=276.=--GETTING UNDER-WEIGH IN A NARROW CHANNEL.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+At anchor in a narrow channel, riding to a strong leeward tide, and
+blowing fresh; a ship astern, and also one on each quarter, so near
+that there is not room to wear, for casting; it is necessary to put to
+sea, and to do so a passage must be effected between the two ships.
+
+Make all preparations for getting under-weigh, and heave-in as
+described before. Loose the topsails; if riding by the star-board
+cable, give her a _rank sheer_ with the starboard helm; set up the
+starboard backstays, and bear aft the larboard ones; overhaul lifts and
+trusses; haul out the spanker, and get the boom over on the larboard
+quarter; lead along the main tack and sheet; run up the jib, and haul
+aft the weather sheet; “Heave round cheerily;” run the anchor up,
+grapple the buoy, and as soon as she fills, meet her with the helm;
+board the main tack to catch her; trim the jib and spanker sheets, set
+the foresail, and trim sharp; haul taut the bowlines; stand on as far
+as may be necessary.
+
+ _Note._--A good deal of uncertainty attends this manœuvre; if there
+ is room, it would be the best plan to lay the yards aback. It is
+ confidently asserted by old experienced seamen, that the above method
+ is perfectly practicable.
+
+
+=277.=--HEAD TO WIND, CAST ON STARBOARD TACK.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Everything having been previously prepared, heave in and make sail as
+before. Sheer her with a starboard helm; brace the head yards sharp up
+with the starboard braces, and counter brace the after ones; haul out
+the spanker, and get the boom on the larboard quarter; heave in, and
+up anchor; up jib as soon as it will take; and when the stern-board
+exceeds the velocity of the tide, shift the helm. When the after sails
+are full, trim the spanker, let flow the jib sheet, cat and fish the
+anchor, haul aft the jib sheet, brace round the head-yards, and make
+sail.
+
+
+=278.=--WINDWARD TIDE--GET UNDER-WEIGH AND STAND BEFORE THE WIND.
+
+Make all preparation for getting under-weigh, heave in, loose jib, up
+anchor, grapple the buoy, run up the jib, cat and fish the anchor, and
+make sail with expedition.
+
+If it is necessary to have the ship under greater command, as might be
+the case in a narrow channel, or crowded harbor, it would be better to
+proceed as follows:--
+
+Heave in to a “short stay,” loose the courses, topsails, jib and
+spanker. If riding by the starboard cable, sheer her with the
+starboard helm, and bring the wind on the larboard quarter; brace the
+yards to, by the larboard braces, and keep them shivering by the helm.
+“Heave up;” fill the after yards, and square the head ones; haul aft
+jib sheet on starboard tack; cat and fish the anchor; up helm; fill the
+head yards, shiver the after ones, get her before the wind, and make
+sail.
+
+
+=279.=--TO GET UNDER-WEIGH, AND STAND OUT ON A WIND.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Make all preparations--commence heaving in; loose jib and spanker; top
+up and bear over the boom on the right quarter, and the helm to the
+side which it is intended to cast; “heave up;” get the buoy; haul out
+on the spanker as soon as it will take. When the wind gets abeam, run
+up the jib, and meet her with the helm; cat and fish the anchor; loose,
+sheet home, and hoist the topsails, brace up, bring by and make sail.
+
+
+=280.=--RIDING HEAD TO TIDE, WIND ON THE STARBOARD QUARTER, TO GET
+UNDER-WEIGH ON THE STARBOARD TACK.
+
+Make all preparations, heave short, loose sails, sheet home and hoist
+the topsails, bracing them to with the starboard braces; keep them
+_shivering_, by the assistance of the topsails and helm,--“heave
+round,”--break ground--put the helm a-starboard--brace full the head
+yards--run up the jib, and let her pay round to port; heave up the
+anchor, and grapple the buoy. Haul out the spanker as soon as it will
+take--shift over the head sheets, and square the head yards--trim aft
+the jib-sheet, and meet her with the helm. Cat and fish the anchor, and
+make sail as necessary.
+
+
+=281.=--GETTING UNDER-WEIGH--WIND ACROSS THE TIDE.
+
+In getting under-weigh, say ebb-tide, make all preparations, loose,
+sheet home, and hoist the topsails; brace up the fore and mizen
+topsails, and lay the main yard to the mast. Give her a spoke or two
+of the lee wheel, so as to take the main-topsail well aback. “Heave
+up,” cat and fish the anchor, and grapple the buoy; at the same time,
+set the jib and spanker--fill the main yard, stand on to a convenient
+place, and then tack or veer.
+
+The evolution is determined by the circumstance of there being more
+room to windward or to leeward.
+
+ _Flood-Tide._--Proceed as before, until the anchor is catted
+ and fished; then hoist the jib, haul out the spanker, fill the
+ main-topsail, and stand out, making whatever sail may be judged
+ necessary.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=282.=--TO BACK AND FILL IN A TIDE-WAY.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+This manœuvre is only executed when a ship is to proceed up or down a
+rapid river against the wind, which is supposed to be light, and may be
+done by two methods, viz., driving before the wind, or broadside to it.
+When the channel is broad enough, the latter method is preferable, as
+the ship will be more under the command of her helm.
+
+
+=283.=--DRIVING BEFORE THE WIND.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+This is only done in a very narrow channel. Heave up the anchor,
+and get her before the wind, with just sail enough to keep her so.
+Suppose her under topsails, and as she drops with the tide, it becomes
+necessary for her to remain stationary, to allow a ship to pass her
+stern,--set topgallant-sails, and if required to shoot ahead, drop
+the foresail. If to avoid a rock, or ship astern, put the helm up or
+down--haul out the spanker--brace up, and haul aft the jib-sheet, as
+she comes to; shoot across until clear of danger, when put the helm up,
+brail up the spanker, shiver the after yards, and when before the wind,
+brail up the jib. If in standing across, she should get too near the
+shore--get her on the other tack, by wearing or box-hauling.
+
+
+=284.=--DRIVING BROADSIDE-TO.
+
+Get under-weigh, and bring her by the wind under the jib, topsails, and
+spanker; shiver the topsails; when filled, stand on to the middle of
+the channel; brail up the jib and spanker, and let her _drift_ in this
+situation until she falls off, which she will soon do, owing to her
+greater immersion aft than forward, which will drift her stern farther
+to windward. Haul out the spanker, and if this is insufficient, back
+the mizen-topsail; if she still falls off, back the main also, both
+square aback, and if she should get a stern-board, put the helm hard
+a-weather; should she come-to again, shiver the topsails, and brail up
+the spanker, letting her drift as before.
+
+
+=285.=--SECURING THE SHIP FOR SEA.
+
+Take the departure, give the course, and make sail. Beat to
+quarters--examine the magazine--load, shot, and secure the guns--see
+that all the gear of the guns is ready for service, and secured. Fill
+the shot-boxes, rack, and wad-nets--get the anchors on the bows, and
+lash them--unbend the cable and buoy-ropes; if clean and dry, pay
+them below; also the messenger, hawsers, stoppers and nippers, and
+cable-mats, put in the buckles--unreeve, cat and fish, and coil them
+away below. Get chafing-mats on the yards and rigging--see the booms
+and boats secured, pumps in good order, and the gratings and tarpaulins
+ready for putting on. Overhaul the storm-staysail gear, see everything
+ready for service, and stow it below again.
+
+
+=286.=--STOWING THE ANCHORS FOR SEA.
+
+The anchors being catted and fished, clap a stout tackle on them and
+cat-head stoppers; pass a good lashing through the ring and over the
+cat-head--expend the stopper in the same way. Hook the pendant-tackle
+to a strap around the shank--weigh the crown, and bouse the fluke into
+the bill-port by a thwartship tackle; having another tackle clapt on
+the end of the anchor-stock which is uppermost, getting it as close
+to the side as the stock will permit; pass stout shank-lashings also
+around the stock and cat-head. _Unbend the cable and buoy-rope._
+
+ _Note._--The waist-anchors are securely stowed when they are first
+ got on board. Some ships use preventer lashings and jumpers in bad
+ weather, when the ship is lurching in a heavy sea, or when liable to
+ ship _seas_ in the waist.
+
+
+=287.=--SETTING TOPGALLANT SAILS--BLOWING FRESH.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Point the yards to the wind, and loose the sails; sheet home first to
+leeward, and then to windward--having a hand to leeward to light the
+foot over the topmast stay; hoist away, trim the yards, and haul taut
+the bow-lines.
+
+ _Note._--In setting topgallant sails over single-reefed topsails, see
+ that the sheets are out square alike.
+
+
+=288.=--SETTING COURSES.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ _Moderate weather._--Man the fore and main-tacks and sheets, attend
+ the rigging--have hands on the lower yards to overhaul it--haul
+ aboard--check the top bow-lines, weather lower lifts, and a little
+ of the lee-main-brace--avast the sheets; get the tacks close down,
+ and then haul aft the sheets--haul taut the main-brace, lifts,
+ trusses, and bowlines.
+
+ _Blowing fresh._--Man well the sheets, overhaul the leech-lines and
+ lee-bunt-lines; ease down the lee-clew-garnet, slack top bowlines,
+ lower lifts, and lee-main-braces, until the tacks are down; then
+ haul aft the sheets, haul taut the lee-main-brace, weather lifts and
+ bow-lines, and, if necessary, hook and haul taut the rolling-tackle,
+ to ease the trusses.
+
+
+=289.=--SETTING THE SPANKER.
+
+Top-up the boom, overhaul lee-topping-lifts, attend the sheets and
+weather-guy; haul over the lee-guy, and trim the boom--man the outhaul
+and attend the brails and vangs--let go the brails, haul out and steady
+the gaff by the vangs.
+
+ _Note._--The weather-vang should never be hauled, or boused too taut,
+ as it may be the means of carrying away the gaff, especially when
+ using trysails as storm-sails.
+
+
+=290.=--SETTING THE JIB.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Cant the spritsail-yard to steady the boom; man the halliards and
+sheet--see the downhaul and brails clear, take in the slack of the
+sheet to steady the sail; “hoist away;” and as the sail goes up, ease
+off the sheet--when taut up, haul aft the sheet.
+
+
+=291.=--SETTING LOWER STUDDING-SAILS.
+
+When the boom is out or a-thwartships, and trimmed with the fore yard,
+the outer halliards and outhauler are to be well manned, taking in the
+slack of the inner halliards, as the sail goes over the gunwale, and
+ultimately reaches its destined height. In running away with the lower
+halliards, care must be taken that the yard be not brought up with a
+_jerk_, against the topmast studding-sail boom; by this sudden jerk
+booms are liable to be sprung.
+
+
+=292.=--SHIFTING A COURSE AT SEA.
+
+_Moderate weather._--In shifting a course at sea, with the watch, and
+with time to prepare everything for a smart and pretty evolution--get
+the spare sail up from below, and first of all stretched across the
+deck. Then, the course being set, stopper the (tack and sheet) clews,
+and unbend tacks, sheets, clew-garnets, and leech-lines, bending them
+forthwith to the spare sail; and, when done, untoggle the bowlines, and
+send the hands aloft--trice up, lay out, cast off robins and earings,
+and make the two midship robins fast to the bunt-lines--ease in the
+earings together, and make them also fast to the buntlines a-midships.
+Lower the sail by the bunt-lines, and gather it in by hand. Unbend the
+bunt-lines, bend them to the spare sail, and take out the yard-ropes.
+
+Divide the watch to the yard-ropes, bunt-lines and clew-garnets, and
+haul taut; haul out and up all together--hands aloft, bring-to, and
+when brought-to, haul on board.
+
+ _Blowing fresh._--First haul the sail up and furl it; then proceed
+ to make fast the midship robins and earings (when cast off) to the
+ bunt-lines, and to lower the sail down by the clew-garnets, as well
+ as buntlines.
+
+ _Note._--In this case the weather-tack and sheet is of much use in
+ hauling the sail in as it comes down.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=293.=--TAKING IN A COURSE IN A GALE OF WIND.
+
+Steady the yard as securely as possible, man the clew-garnets,
+bunt-lines, and leech-lines; ease away the tack and bow-line--haul up
+to windward, ease off the sheet, haul up, get the sail close to the
+yard, and furl it.
+
+It is a common practice in clewing-up a course, to _let go_ the bowline
+upon starting the tack. Neither the tack nor the bow-line should be
+let go, but each eased off handsomely by hand. By the adoption of this
+plan, the sail will bag less to leeward, and the weather-clew can be
+hauled up with greater ease; but both buntlines should be well manned,
+and even _better manned_, than the weather clew-garnet. When the latter
+gear is well up, walk away with the clew-garnet, easing steadily the
+sheet. But all these precautions will be of little avail, unless there
+be a good preventer-brace upon the lower yard; or else the yard tackle
+be hooked to act as such, and brought sufficiently _aft_ to prevent the
+tackle bringing too great a strain in an up-and-down position upon the
+upper yard-arms.
+
+
+=294.=--TAKING IN A TOPSAIL IN A GALE OF WIND.
+
+Steady well the topsail and lower yards, rounding in the weather
+topsail brace as much as possible. Man the clewlines and buntlines;
+attend the sheets and bowlines; clew up the lee-sheet, and haul up the
+buntline. If to save the yard, haul up to leeward first, point the yard
+to the wind, and steady it again; lay out and furl the sail.
+
+There appears to be still a dispute among seamen as to the preferable
+method of effecting this service.
+
+When the mast is not considered in danger, and the object be to save
+the sail, or to ease the ship, the weather clew may be first lifted.
+But before _starting_ the weather sheet, it would be well to ease first
+a few feet of the _lee_-sheet, in order to lessen the labor of rounding
+in the weather brace. So soon as the lee-sheet be sufficiently eased to
+admit of the yard coming in with the weather brace, and both buntlines
+be as well manned as the weather clewline, the weather sheet may be
+then eased off, and the weather clewline hauled up, with every prospect
+of saving the sail.
+
+If there be plenty of sea room, and the ship can be kept away, some
+officers recommend the practice of bringing the wind abaft the beam,
+and then hauling up the _lee-clewline first_--taking the precaution
+to have both buntlines well manned. When this operation is effected,
+the weather clewline may be hauled up, rounding the brace in, as the
+ship is again gradually brought to the wind. It will require particular
+attention to the helm when hauling up the weather clewline, though with
+judicious management, the helm alone is sufficient to _spill_ the sail.
+
+
+=295.=--TAKING IN TOP-GALLANT SAILS.
+
+Man the topgallant clewlines; lay aloft, and stand by to furl the
+sail; attend the braces, bowlines, sheets, and halliards; round in the
+weather braces, ease away the lee-sheet and halliards; “lower away;”
+ease away the weather sheet, clew up, haul up the buntlines; steady the
+yard, lay out and furl the sail.
+
+
+=296.=--TAKING IN A SPANKER.
+
+Have the brails and weather vang well manned; attend the outhaul and
+lee vang; ease away the outhaul; haul over on the weather vang; brail
+up to leeward; ease off the sheet; haul taut the weather brails; pass
+the foot gaskets; steady the gaff, and crutch the boom.
+
+
+=297.=--SETTING A CLOSE-REEFED TOPSAIL.
+
+Point the yard to the wind, and brace the lower yard a little _sharper_
+than the topsail yard. Man the sheets, attend the buntlines, and loose
+the sail; overhaul the lee-buntline, ease down the lee-clewlines, and
+haul home the lee-sheet; ease off the weather buntline; at the same
+time slack down the weather clewline, and haul home the weather sheet.
+Hoist the yard up clear of the cap; brace up, and haul the bowline;
+steady the lower and topsail yards with the braces and rolling-tackles.
+
+ _Note._--It must be remembered that a close reefed topsail will not
+ sheet close home, as the yard is to hoist clear of the cap.
+
+
+=298.=--A CLOSE-REEFED TOPSAIL SPLITS.
+
+Clew up the sail and steady the yard; cast off some of the rope-bands,
+so as to pass stops around the sail to secure it. Unbend the sheets,
+bowlines, and lee-buntlines; unreeve lee-clewline and reef-tackle;
+bend the weather buntline round the sail, and make the lee-earing fast
+to the buntline; hook a burton to a strap round the sail, cast off
+all the rope-bands, and lower away; ease away the weather earing and
+lower the sail on deck. Stretch along the new sail, overhaul it, then
+reef the sail at the foot, commencing at the close reef, and taking
+in each of the three lower reefs separately; then bight it down, and
+send it aloft, as described before, observing to use the burtons before
+all. Reeve and bend the gear, stopping the head of the sail to the
+buntlines; have yard-jiggers hooked to bring the sail to the yard--pass
+the earings and rope-bands, in the same manner; bring the first reef
+to the yard, cast out the other reef, haul up the sail; then bring the
+reefs to the yard alternately, after which set the sail as before.
+
+
+=299.=--A JIB SPLITS.
+
+Mind the weather helm, haul the sail down, and hoist the
+fore-topmast-staysail. Hitch the downhaul around the body of the
+sail, and also pass stops around it--take the end of a rope from the
+forecastle, and bend it on to haul in by. Turn out the jib-stays, bend
+a line on to the end and unreeve it--haul taut the halliards--ease off
+the downhaul, and haul in. Get up, and overhaul the spare sails; seize
+on the sheet, bend the halliards and downhaul--stop the sail, and haul
+out by the downhaul and halliards--reeve the jib-stay, turn it in, and
+set it up; pass the tack-lashings, reeve the brails, set the jib, and
+haul down the staysail.
+
+
+=300.=--TO WEAR SHIP UNDER CLOSE-REEFED MAIN-TOPSAIL AND
+STORM-STAYSAILS.
+
+Call all hands “wear ship,” and station them; have lifts, trusses, and
+rolling-tackles attended, so the yard and topmast may be well supported
+in the heavy rolling which they are likely to experience. Haul down
+the mizen storm-staysail, and when she falls off, up helm; ease off
+the main storm-staysail sheet, and brace in the main and cross-jack
+yards; at the same time taking care to keep the maintopsail full, to
+preserve the head-way, and to keep her a-head of the sea; also to keep
+it from splitting. When the wind is on the quarter, haul down the main
+storm-staysail, and shift over the sheet; when before the wind, right
+the helm, and square the head yards; shift over the fore storm-staysail
+sheet; watch for a smooth time to bring-her-to; then ease down the
+helm, hoist the mizen storm-staysail, and when the wind is on the
+quarter, brace up the yards, hoist the main storm-staysail, haul aft
+the fore storm-staysail sheet, meet her with the helm, trim the sails,
+and haul the maintop-bowline.
+
+
+=301.=--WEARING UNDER A MAINSAIL.
+
+Make fast a hawser to the slings of the main yard, take it down
+forward of the sail, haul it well taut, and belay it to the topsail
+sheet bitts. Call all hands and station them as in the last case; take
+advantage of her falling off to put the helm up. Ease off the main
+sheet, and gather in the lee tack, using the yards as in ordinary
+cases. Should she not go off, send down the cross-jack yard, and
+mizentopsail yard; house the topmast, and get a drag over the lee
+quarter, after which proceed as before in bracing the yards, and bring
+by the wind.
+
+
+=302.=--WEARING UNDER BARE POLES.
+
+Send down the after yards and mizen topmast, and bend a hawser to it
+in-board. Send men in the weather fore rigging with tarpaulins; up
+helm, and make use of the yards as usual.
+
+If she should not go off, it will be necessary, as a last resort,
+to cut away the mizen mast, veer away the hawser, and use the mizen
+topmast as a drag to assist in wearing.
+
+
+=303.=--CUTTING AWAY THE MASTS.
+
+Clear away all the running rigging attached to the mast, cut away the
+lanyards of the lee rigging; then the lanyards of the stays and weather
+rigging.
+
+
+=304.=--LAYING-TO UNDER LOWER STAYSAILS, WEAR SHIP.
+
+If it does not blow too fresh, the close-reefed mainsail may be set, as
+some lofty sail is necessary, to prevent the ship from being pooped;
+then proceed as in veering under bare poles. If she should not go off,
+clap a lashing round the bunt of the foresail, and set the weather
+goose-wing. Should she still not go off, send down the after yards and
+mizen topmast, making a drag of them. If they have no effect, cut away
+the mizen mast.
+
+[Illustration: Scale-draft of a First Class Ship-of-the-Line, two
+decks.]
+
+
+
+
+PART V.
+
+
+=305.=--PRECAUTIONS FOR SCUDDING.
+
+When scudding in a heavy gale of wind, care should be taken that
+sufficient of lofty sail be carried on the vessel, to keep her freely
+and fairly _before_ the sea. A ship will scud better with the sea right
+aft, than quartering. With a heavy sea, the danger to be apprehended
+is, that the wave traveling faster than the ship, may overtake and
+break over her. To avoid this, and diminish its danger, some such
+sail as a close-reefed topsail or foresail is generally kept set
+as long as possible; but there are times when the foresail is not
+the best suited, nor the safest for scudding. Some ships that steer
+badly, and manifest an inclination to _yaw_, will be more steadily
+steered, and easier managed when scudding under the fore-topsail and
+fore-staysail. Should the ship happen to broach-to, the foresail, in
+such a perilous situation, is an unwieldy and unmanageable sail to clew
+up; and when the sea strikes the ship on the quarter, and causes her
+head to round-to in the direction of the wind, the main-topsail tends
+to assist the sea in producing this dangerous movement; whereas, the
+fore-staysail, together with the fore-topsail, produces the contrary
+effect.
+
+It is deeply laden ships that are most liable to get pooped; in which
+circumstance, a skilful foresight must be exercised in lightening them.
+
+Relieving-tackles should be hooked, and hands stationed to attend them;
+spare tiller and rudder-chocks at hand, and perfectly ready for use;
+for, if the ship should get pooped with a heavy sea, the tiller is
+likely to get snapped, the ship to broach-to, and the rudder, if not
+quickly secured, to be _unhung_, and after damaging the stern, to be
+lost. Wreck then almost immediately follows.
+
+When using the foresail, a tackle hooked to the lee fore-tack would be
+of service in filling the sail.
+
+
+=306.=--SCUDDING.--A SHIP BROACHES-TO.
+
+Meet her with the helm, and lee head braces, if necessary; shiver the
+after yards; should she still come-to, and the sails are taken aback,
+brace about the head yards, and if necessary, use the helm. If she
+should get too much stern-board in falling off, haul up the foresail,
+and pay her off with the fore storm-staysail; fill the after yards
+as soon as possible, to gather headway, and when she has fallen off
+sufficiently, brace about the head yards, and trim as before.
+
+ _Note._--As in scudding, the safety of the ship depends entirely
+ upon the steering, the greatest care should be taken that a steady
+ and expert helmsman is stationed at the wheel, and that when his
+ “trick” is out, and his “relief” arrives to take his place, that he
+ resigns not his hand at the helm, until his successor is in full
+ possession of the easiest method of steering the ship. The officer of
+ the deck should also direct a compass to be placed in the gun-room,
+ and be cautious that a competent seaman is there to attend the
+ relieving tackles, and watch closely the steerage of the ship by the
+ compass-card.
+
+ In frigates, and particularly flushed-decked vessels, whose
+ binnacle-lights are liable to be extinguished by the wind, precaution
+ should be taken that lighted lanterns are kept in readiness to supply
+ the place of the blown-out lights. On dark and starless nights, when
+ the steersman has no other guide to govern his steerage than the
+ compass-card, it is of the utmost importance that attention should
+ be paid to this particular; as in a number of instances the accident
+ of _broaching-to_ may be traced to the “blowing out” of the binnacle
+ lights, and carelessness of the helmsman. It requires a quick, small
+ _helm_ to steer a ship when scudding.
+
+
+=307.=--SCUDDING.--BROUGHT BY THE LEE.
+
+A ship is said to be “brought by the lee” when struck aback by a
+change of wind. If she has headway, which will probably be the case,
+put the helm a-weather, but if she has sternway, the contrary. Brace
+round the after yards, and when they are full, the head ones. This is
+the principle of tacking, but it is not thought as well when scudding
+in a gale, as the ship might get too rapid sternway, which would be
+dangerous in a heavy sea. As the object is to preserve the headway,
+the yards are braced round as soon as possible. If scudding under the
+main-topsail, and it becomes necessary to reduce sail, take in the
+fore-topsail, for the main being nearer the centre of gravity, has
+less tendency to bury the ship, and she is consequently more easily
+steered.
+
+When scudding under the main-topsail and foresail, the ship is to be
+brought by the wind, and she should have a tendency to gripe, keep the
+foresail on her; but if otherwise, take in the foresail, and set the
+fore storm-staysail; brace up the head yards, then the after ones.
+Watch for a smooth time, and ease down the helm, taking care to meet
+her in due time.
+
+The reason for bracing up the head yards before luffing, is, in
+scudding the ship has a rapid headway, and will mind the helm very
+quickly; moreover, the sea acting with violence on the quarter, will
+throw her up into the wind, and unless the head yards are braced up so
+as to prevent that, she will be in the same situation as if she had
+broached-to.
+
+
+=308.=--HEAVING-TO.
+
+Having determined from the known quality of the ship, what sail would
+be best to heave-to under; bring by the wind as in the previous
+subject. If intending to lay-to under a main-topsail, when by the wind,
+haul up and furl the foresail, down foretopmast-staysail; if under
+lower-staysails, hoist them; at the same time taking in the foresail
+and main-topsail.
+
+The helm is kept a-lee while laying-to, but not lashed down, it being
+considered best to have a little steerage-way on.
+
+ _Note._--It is best to bring by the wind under the square-sails, as
+ the ship is more under command than she would be if they were furled.
+
+
+=309.=--TAKING IN A LOWER STUDDING-SAIL--BLOWING FRESH.
+
+This is a much nicer operation than young officers generally are
+inclined to admit, and unless executed with caution and skill on the
+part of the officer “carrying on the duty” on deck, the probability
+is, the topmast studding-sail boom will _snap_ short in the iron, and
+the sail, swinging-boom gear and all, will have to be recorded in the
+log as “expended.” When not sailing in a squadron, and the _yawing_ of
+the ship be a matter of minor importance, the officer of the watch is
+recommended to proceed as follows:--
+
+Place a steady helmsman at the wheel, and stand close to him; man
+well the sheet, and lead it well aft along the deck; also see that
+steady hands attend the tack and guys. When perfectly prepared, direct
+the helmsman with a “small helm,” to bring the wind gradually on the
+opposite quarter, and the moment the body of the sail begins to lose
+the breeze, and the canvass inclines to shiver, _lower_ the outer
+halliards, ease the tack, and haul in on the sheet as rapidly as
+possible, lowering the inner halliards at the same time.
+
+ _Note._--More booms are sprung, and even snapped short in the iron,
+ from the sudden jerk produced by lowering the lower halliards,
+ when the sail is straining and bellying to the breeze, than by
+ even carrying a powerful press of canvass. And here it may be well
+ to impress upon the mind of the young seaman, that a judicious
+ management of the helm, in almost every situation in which it can be
+ placed, will not only aid the physical strength employed, but also
+ greatly facilitate the service sought.
+
+
+=310.=--TO UNBEND A TOPSAIL IN A GALE OF WIND.
+
+Those who know the value of _minutes_ to men perched aloft in a
+perilous position, will adopt that method which will eventually cost
+the least time and trouble. The sail should be _first_ furled, then
+detached from the yard, and sent down on deck (slung amidships) by the
+long tackle[29] hooked at the topmast-head, and steadied forward clear
+of the top-rim by the weather or lee bowline, according to the side on
+which the sail is to be sent down. (See 298).
+
+Should the ship be rolling or pitching to any extent, and it is not
+deemed prudent to lower the furled sail “before all,” the sail may be
+sent down through lubber’s hole. This method will depend entirely upon
+the motion of the ship.
+
+ [29] Generally called the top-burton.
+
+
+=311.=--SECURING IN A GALE.
+
+See that the yards which have sails set upon them are not unnecessarily
+sharp up; that the yards whose sails are furled are hoisted clear
+of the caps; that the runners and tackles are up in good time; that
+all unnecessary strain is taken off the rigging; and that mats are
+carefully placed wherever a chafe is likely to occur, such as at the
+bunts of the furled sails, and at the lee quarters of the yards, which
+are braced up against the rigging.
+
+See also that the fore and main sheets, if set, be checked a little;
+the weather lifts and trusses well up and taut; jiggers on topsail
+lifts, and studding-sails out of the rigging; anchors and guns properly
+secured; and in a small vessel, the hatches battened down, extra on
+boats, spare spars, &c., &c.
+
+
+=312.=--PREPARATIONS FOR A HURRICANE AT SEA.
+
+Endeavor to get sea room; if you have it, run before the wind. The
+captain and first officer to cunn the ship; two or three of the best
+men to steer; the master to keep the time, and the courses steered, and
+have the ship’s place kept worked up.
+
+Previous to its coming on, have a life-line set up on each side of
+the deck. Furl all sails, and secure them with studding-sail tacks
+as well as long gaskets; batten down the hatches, and have the
+relieving tackles on the tiller; down topgallant-yards, and send
+topgallant-masts on deck, and flying jib-boom in. Clear the tops; gaffs
+down; rudder-chocks and spare tiller at hand; axes and hawsers at hand;
+scuppers clear; pumps ready. Let each man wear a belt to secure himself
+if required to the most convenient place; keep the after yards square;
+head yards thrown forward, and have the fore-staysail set with double
+sheets.
+
+
+=313.=--PREPARATIONS FOR A HURRICANE AT AN ANCHOR, (_with notes on the
+Barometer._)
+
+The ship should be moored with a whole cable each way if in harbor, or
+if in an open roadstead, veer to a hundred fathoms on each anchor.
+
+The more your berth is out of the way of other ships, the better, as
+vessels driving, or getting adrift, occasion much damage to those who
+might otherwise have held on.
+
+If moored, the sheet cable to be bent and ranged, and the anchor let
+go, and veer on the bowers to the clinches.
+
+All the ground tackle you have should be used. Have a _shackle_ abaft
+the foremost stopper, on each cable, ready for slipping if absolutely
+necessary, to prevent swamping, or from other causes.
+
+Batter down fore and aft.
+
+Down topgallant yards and masts.
+
+If time, unbend sails (topsails and courses, I mean).
+
+Strike lower-yards and topmasts.
+
+Get yards as much fore and aft as possible.
+
+Jib-boom eased in.
+
+Keep try-sails and fore stay-sail bent, and the former reefed. Unreeve
+the running rigging, that nothing may be aloft to hold the wind.
+
+Clear the tops.
+
+No boats to be above the gunwale.
+
+Axes and hawsers up ready.
+
+ If anchors drag, cut away lower masts--the rigging being first cut
+ and cleared. Remember the stays.
+
+
+_Notes and remarks on the Barometer._
+
+ ==============================+======================================
+ |As the force of the wind is what is
+ |required for service at sea, the
+ SCALE OF BAROMETER AT PRESENT.|following would be better understood.
+ ------------------------------+-------+------------------------------
+ Inches.| |Inches.|
+ 31.0 |Very dry. | |
+ 30.5 |Set fair. | 30.5 |Very settled.
+ 30.0 |Fair. | 30.0 |Fine weather.
+ | | 29.7 |Unsettled.
+ 29.5 |Changeable. | 29.5 |Gale.
+ | | 29.2 |Storm.
+ 29.0 |Rain. | 29.0 |Violent storm.
+ 28.5 |Much rain. | 28.5 |Tempest.
+ 28.0 |Stormy. | |
+
+ When the mercury _falls_ in the Barometer, it announces rain, or
+ wind, or in general what is called bad weather; and, on the contrary,
+ when it _rises_, it announces fair weather.
+
+ When the mercury falls in frosty weather, either snow, or a thaw may
+ be expected; but if it rises in the winter with a north or east wind,
+ it generally forebodes a frost.
+
+ If the mercury sinks slowly, we may expect rain, which will probably
+ be of some continuance; but if it rises gradually, we may expect fine
+ weather that will be lasting.
+
+ When the Barometer is fluctuating, rising and falling suddenly, the
+ weather may be expected to be like it--changeable.
+
+ When the mercury falls very low, there will be much rain; but if its
+ fall is low and sudden, a high wind frequently follows.
+
+ When an extraordinary fall of the mercury happens, without any
+ remarkable change near at hand, there is some probability of a storm
+ at a distance.
+
+ In very warm weather the fall of the mercury indicates thunder.
+
+ The Barometer will descend sometimes as an indication of wind only,
+ and sometimes rise when the wind is to the north or east.
+
+ A north-east wind generally causes the Barometer to rise, and it is
+ generally low with a south-west wind.
+
+ An extraordinary fall of the mercury will sometimes take place in
+ summer previous to heavy showers, attended with thunder; but in
+ spring, autumn, and winter, it indicates violent winds.
+
+ The mercury is higher in cold than in warm weather, and lower at noon
+ and midnight than at any other period of the day.
+
+ The mercury generally falls at the approach of new and full moon, and
+ rises at the quadratures.
+
+ Before high tides, there is almost always a great fall of the
+ mercury; this takes place oftener at the full than at the new moon.
+
+ The greatest changes of the Barometer commonly take place during
+ clear weather with a north wind, and the smallest risings during
+ cloudy, rainy, or windy weather, with a south or nearly south wind.
+
+ The words generally engraved on the plate of the Barometer, rather
+ serve to _mislead_, than to inform; for the changes of weather depend
+ rather on the rising and falling of the mercury, than on its standing
+ at any particular height.
+
+ When the mercury is as high as “fair,” and the surface of it is
+ _concave_, (which is the case when it begins to descend,) it very
+ often rains; and on the contrary, when the mercury is opposite
+ “rain,” and the surface of it is _convex_, (which is the case when it
+ begins to ascend,) fair weather may be expected. These circumstances
+ not being duly attended to, is the principal cause that many people
+ have not a proper confidence in this instrument.
+
+ For sea-service, it would be as well to read the Barometer off three
+ times a day at least--at 8 A. M., noon, and 8 P. M.--and oftener if
+ bad weather.
+
+ In Europe, if the alteration in the quicksilver should be in as great
+ a proportion as six-tenths of an inch to twenty-four hours, sudden
+ but not lasting changes of weather may be expected.
+
+ If the alteration should be gradual, probably in the proportion of
+ two or three-tenths to twenty-four hours, the weather indicated will
+ be likely to last.
+
+ One-fifth of the variation of the Barometer, in any climate, in
+ twenty-four hours, may be considered as an indication of sudden
+ change.
+
+ If wind should follow rain, the wind may be expected to increase.
+
+ Rain following wind is likely to lull it, and the wind may be
+ expected to abate.
+
+
+=314.=--THE FOREMAST IS CARRIED AWAY.
+
+Hard up the helm, brace in the after yards, hoist the main-staysail,
+take in after sail, and endeavor to get before the wind; if successful,
+keep her so, by veering a range of cable over the stern, and lashing
+it amidships; if not, which is most likely to be the case, and should
+carry away the main-topmast also, lay her to under the main-staysail.
+If the main-topmast should stand, clew-up the main-topsail immediately,
+get the breast backstays over the topsail-yard, and set them up as far
+forward as possible, by means of tackles. Bend hawsers on the wreck,
+clear it away, _especially the lanyards of the lee-rigging_, so as to
+preserve the channels and chain-bolts, and endeavor to haul it aboard.
+Send down the after yards and spars, and save as much of the wreck as
+possible. Rig a jury-foremast, fitting spars and sails to the best
+advantage; when the jury-mast is rigged, reeve a main-topmast stay,
+of a hawser, and take the breast-backstays aft again, after which cut
+clear of the wreck, if not required.
+
+
+=315.=--TO RIG A JURY-MAST.
+
+Take a spare spar, the largest on board, a main-topmast for instance,
+and launch the head over the night-heads, the heel resting against the
+stump of the old mast; put on the cross-trees and bolsters, fit the
+rigging and stays from hawsers, and hook a couple of tackles from the
+jury-mast head--which take to the sides and haul taut; hook another,
+which take well aft; lash the heel of the stump to prevent slipping,
+and raise the mast with the after purchase, tending the stays and
+pendant-tackles; when up, reeve the lanyards, set up the rigging and
+stays. Cleet and lash the heel securely. Ship the cap, send up a
+topgallant-mast for a topmast, fit a topsail yard for a lower yard, and
+a topgallant yard for a topsail yard, and so on.
+
+
+=316.=--ACCIDENTS TO TILLER.
+
+_In the event of losing a mast._
+
+Should the tiller break in the rudder head, the rudder must immediately
+be chocked, that its stump may be taken out and the spare tiller
+fitted, which, together with the chock, should _always_ be placed in
+readiness for immediate use. While the rudder is useless, the ship must
+be hove-to till it is repaired, or some contrivance prepared to supply
+its place.
+
+
+=317.=--THE MAIN-MAST IS CARRIED AWAY.
+
+Hard-up the helm, secure the mizen topmast if it still stands, clear
+the wreck, save as much as possible, and rig a jury main-mast, as above.
+
+
+=318.=--THE BOWSPRIT IS CARRIED AWAY.
+
+Hard-up the helm, shiver the after yards, take in after sail, and
+get the ship before the wind; take the fore-topmast breast-backstays
+forward over the top-sail yard, hook the pendant tackles and set them
+up to the cat-heads; unreeve the main-topmast and spring-stays, and
+set them up to the foretopsail sheet bitts; hitch a hawser to the
+foretopmast head, take this in through one of the hawse-holes, and
+set it up on the gun-deck. While this is performing, let some hands
+be reducing sail, sending down topgallant yards and masts if they
+are aloft, and clearing the wreck; rig a jury-bowsprit of a spare
+main-topmast or a jib-boom.
+
+
+=319.=--A TOPMAST IS CARRIED AWAY.
+
+Get the ship before the wind immediately, and reduce sail; hook the
+top-blocks and reeve hawsers through them; bend the lee one to the
+topsail-yard, which is probably hanging to leeward of the topmast, with
+the wreck. Clew up the topsail if practicable, and cut the parrel if
+it can be got at. The yard now hangs clear of the topmast; bend the
+weather hawser to the wreck of the topmast; have guys from the weather
+side of the deck--clear away the lanyards of the rigging and stays,
+also the rigging leading to the topmast head, and send it down on deck;
+hook the yard-tackles, slack the braces and trusses, bouse the lower
+yards forward, and send down the stump; get the topsail-yard down in
+the lee-gangway, and repair its damages while the spare topmast is got
+aloft and secured by the old rigging; send aloft the yard, set the
+topsails, and bring her to her course again.
+
+
+=320.=--THE JIB-BOOM IS CARRIED AWAY.
+
+Mind the weather helm, hoist the foretopmast-staysail, and get in the
+wreck by the fore pendant-tackles, hooked to the fore-stay; reeve a
+heel-rope and get in the stump; point another boom, and rig it with the
+old rigging, if sound, if not, with spare ropes or hawsers.
+
+
+=321.=--THE FOREMAST IS SPRUNG NEAR THE HOUNDS OR BIBBS.
+
+Get the ship before the wind immediately, reduce sail, and get all the
+strain off the foremast; secure the main-topmast.
+
+Send down topgallant yards and masts; hook the jeers, and settle the
+fore yard; hook top-blocks, reeve top-pendants and house topmasts,
+allowing the heel to come considerably below the defect; fish the
+foremast with side fishes, and the heel of the topmast, wedging the
+lashings. Clap a lashing around the doublings of the mast-head, having
+chocks between; keep the pendant-tackles rove, turn in the rigging
+afresh, and set it up; wedge the topmast in the cap, and sway the
+fore yard close up to the heel of the topmast; reef the head sails to
+diminish the strain if required.
+
+
+=322.=--THE FOREMAST AND BOWSPRIT CARRIED AWAY.
+
+Proceed as in 314, the remarks being applied to the present case;
+lay-to under the main-staysail, to leeward of the wreck, and repair
+damages on board, in the best possible manner; rig a jury foremast and
+bowsprit, and then cut clear, having saved as many spars and sails,
+and as much rigging as possible; if the ship lays easily by the wreck,
+it would probably be well to ride by it, until the gale abates. If it
+is absolutely necessary to veer, it might be done as before mentioned,
+with the assistance of the mainsail, making use of the wreck as a drag,
+by taking the hawser as a spring to the quarter.
+
+
+=323.=--THE BOWSPRIT IS SPRUNG.
+
+Up helm, shiver the after yards, take in after sail, and get the ship
+before the wind; haul down the head sails, come up the main topmast
+stays, and set them up on deck; get the fore-topmast breast-backstays
+forward, hook the fore pendant tackles, and set them up to the
+cat-head; come up all the head stays, and rig in the head booms; send
+down upper yards and masts, take the fore-topmast stays through the
+hawse-hole, and set them up.
+
+ _Note._--All strain now being off the bowsprit, fish it with the
+ regular fishes; if there are none on board, use the jib-boom; if
+ thought sufficiently strong to bear the strain of the head stays, get
+ them in their proper places, but if not, get stays out merely to make
+ sail.
+
+
+=324.=--A TOPMAST IS SPRUNG NEAR THE LOWER CAP.
+
+Get the ship before the wind and reduce sail; if a spare topmast is not
+to be had, the old one may be housed far enough to allow the spring to
+come some feet below the cap, setting the lower yard as in the last
+case; fit a larger chock between the topmast and lowermast head, and
+clap stout lashings around, above, and below the defect part, wedging
+them well; reef the foresail so that it can be set with the yard in its
+present place, and also the top-sail, to lessen the strain on the weak
+spar.
+
+ _Note._--Sheep-shank the rigging, if required, before setting up.
+
+=325.=--TO SEND ALOFT A TOPMAST, AND A HEAVY SEA ON.
+
+After the topmast is pointed and rigged, hook the burtons to stout
+strops, at the rim of the top on each side; hitch hawsers to the
+mast-head, leading one through a larger block at the fore-topmast head,
+and another aft through one at the mizen; haul the burtons and hawsers
+taut; sway aloft the topmast, slacking up as it goes aloft; when
+fidded, steady the topmast until the rigging and stays are set up.
+
+
+=326.=--THE GAMMONING CARRIED AWAY.
+
+Proceed as in 323, until all strain is off the bowsprit; put a stout
+chock on the bowsprit, and pass the end of the messenger out of a
+hawse-hole, over the chock, in through the other hawse-hole, and bitt
+it; take the other end to the capstan, and get the bowsprit well down
+in its bed by the messenger and bob-stays; come up the old gammoning,
+and pass a new one.
+
+ _Note._--Iron gammonings are used for all vessels, by new regulation.
+ (_See Rigging Table._)
+
+
+=327.=--A LOWER CAP SPLITS.
+
+Take all sail off the mast, pass a stout lashing around the topmast and
+lower mast-head, which wedge; after which woold and wedge the cap.
+
+
+=328.=--THE TRESTLE-TREES ARE SPRUNG.
+
+Get the ship before the wind, take all sail off the mast, send down
+topgallant yards and masts, housing the others; hook the top-blocks,
+reeve top-pendants, hook top-tackles, and bouse them well taut, taking
+all strain off the fid; pass several stout lashings around the heel
+of the topmast and lower mast-head, cleating them to prevent their
+slipping; make sail as the mast will bear.
+
+
+=329.=--A LOWER YARD IS CARRIED AWAY IN THE SLINGS.
+
+If the fore-yard, get the ship before the wind, haul up the foresail,
+clew up the topsail, take in all sail on the mizen-mast, unreeve the
+foretopsail sheets and board them on deck; bring her on your course
+again, and haul the bowlines.
+
+If a main-yard, keep on the course, haul up the mainsail, clew up the
+topsail, unreeve the sheets, board them on deck, and haul the bowlines
+well out; having proceeded thus far, get stout strops around the inner
+quarter of the yard, and hook the pendant-tackles to bolts in the lower
+cap, and these strops; if the pendant-tackles are not at hand, use the
+burtons.
+
+Lash the jear-blocks, reeve the jears, and send the yard down by the
+jears, lifts, and pendant-tackles; fish the lower yards immediately, if
+it can be done; if it cannot, rig a topsail yard for a lower yard.
+
+
+=330.=--A TOPSAIL YARD IS CARRIED AWAY.
+
+If it is the fore, reduce after sail; mind the weather helm, and keep
+the ship on her course. If it is the main, stand on, clew up the sail,
+unbend it, and get it into the top the best manner possible. Get a
+strop around the topmast-head, above the eyes of the rigging, to which
+hook a large single block, and reeve a hawser through it. If the yard
+is completely broken off, bend the hawser which is not secured by the
+parrel, bend on guys, and send it down; then send down the other piece.
+If it still remains together, bend on the slings, stop out to leeward,
+have a tripping line and rolling ropes, and get it fore and aft on
+deck; take off all the old rigging, which put on to the spare yard in
+the chains; then bend on the hawser, sway aloft, and cross it as in
+fitting the ship out, have rolling ropes around it as it goes aloft;
+bend the topsail, and set it.
+
+
+=331.=--THE SHIP LEAKS FASTER THAN THE PUMPS CAN FREE HER.
+
+Find out where the leak is; thrum an old sail very thickly, and have
+stout ropes attached to each leech; make it up, take it under the
+bowsprit, and get the ropes on their respective sides; heave the ship
+to; when her headway eases, drop the sail overboard; after it has sunk
+beneath the keel, break the stops, haul aft on the ropes attached to
+each clew; when the body of the sail is over the leak, haul well taut
+all the ropes attached to the leeches and the head, which will prevent
+the sail from going aft when going ahead; make sail, and continue
+pumping.
+
+
+=332.=--THE PUMPS ARE CHOKED.
+
+Hoist them out, and clear them.
+
+
+=333.=--A SHOT GETS LOOSE IN A GUN SECURED FOR A GALE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Prick the cartridge well down, and pour vinegar enough in the
+touch-hole to drown it.
+
+
+=334.=--TO THROW A LOWER DECK GUN OVERBOARD.
+
+Fit a chock in the port-sill, and over the pomelion of the gun,
+to which, from the housing-bolt, hook a stout tackle; unlash the
+muzzle, heave up the breech, and put in the bed and coin; unreeve the
+breeching, throw back the cap squares, and place capstan bars under
+the breech to ease it, and prevent the gun from slipping back into the
+carriage again; man the side and port tackles, watch the roll, trice up
+the port briskly, run out, and throw the gun clear of the carriage, by
+the breech-tackles and capstan-bars; shut in the port immediately.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration: United States’ Sloop-of-War Albany, under full sail.]
+
+
+
+
+PART VI.
+
+
+=335.=--TO TURN REEFS OUT OF THE TOPSAILS AND COURSES.
+
+Haul taut the reef-pendants, and set taut the lower lifts; ease off the
+bowlines; ease a little of the tacks and sheets of the courses, and
+settle a few feet of the topsail halliards; haul taut the reef tackles
+and buntlines, round in a little of the weather braces, to clear the
+points of the lee-rigging; commence casting off the points of the bunt,
+taking care to leave none tied, and turning one reef out at a time;
+ease away both earings together; overhaul the rigging, get the tacks on
+board; sheet home, hoist the topsails up to a taut leech, out bowlines
+and make sail.
+
+
+=336.=--THE RUDDER IS CARRIED AWAY--TO FIT ANOTHER.
+
+Man the braces immediately; take in after sails, and let the ship run
+a little free; rouse up a cable, clove-hitch a hawser over the cable,
+and then pay it overboard; veer away about twenty fathoms, and lash it
+amidships on the taffrail; lead the ends of the hawsers through large
+blocks, lashed to the quarters, and clap tackles on them; steer the
+ship by this contrivance, until a rudder can be constructed. (_See
+Plate._)
+
+Take a spare topmast, cut it the length of the rudder, enlarge the
+fid-hole to receive the tiller, if not already large enough; take a
+spare cap and cut away the after part, so as to fit the stern post
+at the waters’ edge, or a little below; pass the topmast through the
+round hole in the cap; take a spare jib-boom and cut it in two; the
+pieces are to be bolted on abaft the topmast, after squaring the edges
+which will come in contact with each other, and cutting a score in the
+forward part of the jib-boom, next to the topmast, to allow the cap
+to have room to play in; plank the whole over with stout oak plank,
+and bolt in a fish abaft all; drive an eye-bolt into the heel of the
+topmast (now the head of the rudder), and have kentledge attached to
+the other end to sink it; take an anchor-stock and square two of the
+edges; cut away a circular score in each, for them to join together
+around the top mast, below the squares, and thus serve as an upper
+gudgeon; drive the anchor-stock hoops on the rudder-head, to prevent
+splitting.
+
+Place the rudder on a stage, near the taffrail; pass a couple of
+hawsers aft through the hawse-holes, and secure them to the heel of
+the rudder; have tackles on their inner ends; have two more hawsers
+or parts of hawsers passed from forward aft, under everything, one
+each side, and clinch them to the quarter eye-bolts in the cap; have a
+pendant round as described in another place; launch overboard and rouse
+up on the head rope; heave in upon the hawsers, and bring the rudder to
+the stern post, perpendicularly; secure the cap to the stern post and
+the anchor-stock, around the rudder head; ship the tiller, reeve the
+wheel-ropes, and rouse in the cable. The kentledge may remain to keep
+the rudder perpendicular, or may be taken off, as the case may require.
+
+ _Note._--See improved sketch or plan of temporary rudder.
+
+
+=337.=--A SHIP ON FIRE AT SEA.
+
+Hard up the helm, haul up the courses, up spanker, get the ship before
+the wind, and reduce sail to topsails; beat to quarters, close all the
+ports, muster the men at their stations, call away the firemen, under
+charge of their proper officers; let a part fill the engine and wet the
+sails, while the other part finds out where the fire is, and endeavor
+to extinguish it if possible--for which purpose use bedding; putting
+over the gratings and tarpaulins. The gunner and his mates should be in
+the magazine, ready to drown the powder at a moment’s notice; let the
+carpenters rig and fetch the pumps, and the spar-deck division clear
+away the boats, equip them, and get them ready for hoisting out; in the
+above case, the fire is supposed to be below, and the helm is put up,
+because wind is less felt; the ports are shut in, and the tarpaulins
+put on, as they would afford air to the fire; and the courses hauled
+up, because they strike a current of air down the hatchways, and are
+also liable to catch. If the fire is on deck, and forward, keep before
+the wind; if aft, haul close on a wind.
+
+
+=338.=--A SHIP ON HER BEAM ENDS.
+
+When the severity of the squall is felt, hard up the helm and let fly
+everything; but if she goes on her beam ends before she can be got off
+sufficiently to diminish the effects of the wind, the best way will be
+to cut away the mizen-mast before the headway ceases, which falling
+over the lee quarter, will act as a drag, to pay her off; should she
+not right when before the wind, if there be an anchorage, and the cable
+is bent, get the drag to the lee-bow, by means of a spring, and rouse
+in; the wind acting on the flat deck, and under side of the sails,
+will probably right her. As a last resort, cut away the masts--great
+decision and rapidity of execution is necessary, as the ship must go
+down a short time after she goes over.
+
+
+=339.=--WIND FREE, ALL SAIL SET, STRUCK BY A SQUALL.
+
+Up helm, let fly the main-sheets, spanker-outhaul, staysail-sheets
+and halliards, royal and topgallant studding-sail-halliards, royal
+and topgallant-sheets, and halliards; haul up the mainsail, brail
+up the spanker, down staysails, and order the topmen to haul in the
+studding-sails and stow them. When before the wind, right the helm,
+clew down the topsails, haul up the buntlines, and out reef-tackles,
+and reef if necessary; clear up the decks as fast as possible.
+
+ _Note._--In ordinary cases, sheets and tacks should be eased off, for
+ if they should get foul when running through their blocks fast, spars
+ might be endangered; but when struck by a severe squall, the effect
+ of the sails must be diminished as soon as possible, to save the
+ masts, and prevent her from going over.
+
+
+=340.=--STRUCK BY A SQUALL ON A LEE SHORE.
+
+If sail cannot be reduced, luff-too and shake her; fill away again,
+gather headway, and luff again.
+
+
+=341.=--STRUCK BY A SQUALL UNDER WHOLE TOPSAILS AND COURSERS.
+
+Up helm, let fly the topsail halliards, main-sheet, spanker outhaul,
+and lee-topsail sheets; haul up the mainsail, brail up the spanker,
+clew up the topsails to leeward, then to windward; right the helm, and
+reef if necessary.
+
+
+=342.=--ON A WIND, UNDER WHOLE TOPSAILS--PART THE WEATHER MAIN-TOPSAIL
+BRACE.
+
+Haul up the mainsail, let go the lee main-brace, haul forward on the
+lee-maintop-bowline, and aft on the weather main-brace; luff-too, and
+when the main-topsail shivers, clew it down, haul up the buntlines, out
+reef tackles, and steady the yard by the bowline, until a new brace can
+be rove; a burton might be hooked to steady the yard.
+
+
+=343.=--THE JIB-DOWNHAUL PARTS.
+
+Untoggle the fore-topgallant-bowlines, and knot them together, above
+the first hank, between the stay and jib-halliards, which use for a
+downhaul, until you reeve a new one.
+
+
+=344.=--TO CHASE.
+
+A vessel that chases another should have the advantage in point of
+sailing, because if the ship chased is as good a sailer as the chaser,
+the latter can never come up to her, if she manœuvred equally as well.
+
+In order to determine whether your ship sails faster than your
+adversary, get upon the same tack, under the same sail, and keep upon
+the same course with her; set her exactly with a compass, and if your
+ship sails best, the sail will soon draw a point more aft; if she has
+the advantage she will in a short time draw more forward, and if both
+sail equally well, she will remain at the same point.
+
+
+=345.=--TO CHASE TO WINDWARD.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+To chase to windward, run upon the same course with the enemy, until he
+is brought perpendicularly to the same course; when tack and continue
+the second board, until he is again brought perpendicularly to the same
+course; always continue this manœuvre by tacking every time the chase
+is a-beam, on either board, and she will come in the shortest method by
+your superiority of sailing. Should the chase pass the point, when the
+chase bears a-beam, he must go about with all dispatch.
+
+ _Note._--The chase goes about as soon as the chase is exactly a-beam,
+ because at that time, the distance between them is the least possible
+ upon the different boards they hold.
+
+
+=346.=--OBSERVATIONS FOR A SHIP TO WINDWARD, WHICH IS CHASED.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The weather ship will always be joined, since it is granted that she
+does not sail as well as the pursuer, it will be then to her advantage
+to keep constantly on the same tack, without losing time to heave
+about, for tacking cannot be so favorable to her as to her adversary,
+whose sailing is superior.
+
+If the chaser mistakingly stands on and tacks in the wake of the chase,
+the best course for the latter to pursue is to heave about and pass
+to windward of him on the other tack, unless you suppose your vessel
+would have a superiority in going large; for if the chaser persists in
+tacking in the wake of the other ship, the chase will be much prolonged.
+
+
+=347.=--TO CHASE TO LEEWARD.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+If the chaser keeps away to cut the chase off, and keeps continually on
+that course, they will eventually come together where the two courses
+intersect. This will be exactly executed by the ship in chase, if in
+the course she has taken, she keeps the chase continually upon the
+same degree of the compass as at the beginning of the pursuit. This
+principle applies equally to all the courses which the retreating ship
+pursues, for if overtaken, it can only be accomplished by keeping in a
+straight line, if the chase takes another course than that which keeps
+the two ships upon the same point. These are the only considerations
+to be made, and they may be corrected, by observing the bearings by an
+azimuth compass.
+
+
+=348.=--TO WINDWARD OF AN ENEMY, WITHIN PISTOL SHOT.--_The weather main
+rigging is shot away--both ships with main-topsails to the mast._
+
+Up helm, fill away, and run the enemy on board, before she gets headway
+to prevent it.
+
+
+=349.=--WIND ON THE QUARTER, ALL SAIL SET--BRING BY UNDER DOUBLE-REEFED
+TOPSAILS.
+
+Reduce sail regularly, and clew down the topsails; luff enough to reef,
+hoist the topsails, and haul close on a wind.
+
+
+=350.=--WIND ON THE QUARTER, ALL SAIL SET--BRING-TO ON THE OTHER TACK,
+UNDER DOUBLE REEFED TOPSAILS.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Reduce sail to topsails, station the crew forward, with one watch of
+topmen aloft to reef; brail up the spanker, up helm, brace in, and
+when before the wind, clew down the topsails, haul out reef-tackles,
+and up buntlines; let the men lay out and reef; wind on the quarter,
+brace up cross-jack yard, and haul out the spanker; as she comes-too,
+brace up the fore yard, and meet her with the helm and jib-sheet;
+when coming-too, a good opportunity will be offered for reefing; when
+reefed, hoist away the topsails, letting the main go a-back, the others
+fill.
+
+ _Note._--Having a dismasted ship in tow, heave-to, make fast the
+ stream cable to the mainmast of the ship, and take it in at the
+ weather gangway, clinching it around the mainmast; then make fast a
+ stout hawser as a spring, and snatch it to a block lashed amidships
+ on the taffrail, so that the ship may either ride on the weather
+ quarter, or be roused astern. In case of veering, rouse in upon the
+ spring, and the manœuvre will be performed with more certainty. After
+ it is executed, the tow-rope must be shifted to the opposite gangway,
+ by means of a spring, &c.
+
+
+=351.=--HOW TO GET THE ANCHORS OFF THE BOWS.
+
+Hook the fore pendant-tackle; single the shank-painters, and set them
+taut with the pendant-tackles; come up the shank-lashings, put the
+shoes between the bills and bows, by capstan-bars, and then by the
+shank-painters as far as necessary.
+
+Single and set taut cat-head stoppers, and then unlash the rings.
+
+
+=352.=--TO ANCHOR HEAD TO WIND--WIND FREE.
+
+See that the officers and men are at their stations, and the strictest
+silence preserved, as the ship nears her berth; take in all the
+studding sails, get the burtons off the yards, and the jiggers off the
+topgallant yards; send the booms and sails down from aloft; man the
+fore clew-garnets, buntlines and leechlines; the mainsail is hauled up
+as the ship is going free; topgallant and royal clewlines; lay aloft
+and stand by to furl the sails snug, and square the yards by the lifts
+and braces; have hands by the fore tack and sheet, topgallant and
+royal sheets, halliards, weather braces, and bowlines; up foresail,
+in topgallant-sails and royals; furl the sails snug, and square the
+yards by the lifts and braces, hauling taut the halliards. Man the
+topsail-clewlines and buntlines, weather braces, jib-downhaul, and
+spanker-outhaul; attend the sheets, halliards, and spanker-brails, ease
+down the helm, haul down the jib, haul out the spanker, and when the
+topsail lifts, clear away the sheets, and clew them up; then let go the
+halliards, clew down, and square away the yards immediately; haul aft
+the spanker-sheet, and when the headway ceases, stream the buoy, stand
+clear of the cable; when she begins to go astern, let go the anchor,
+brail up the spanker, crotch the boom, haul taut the guys, light-to the
+cable, as fast as she will take it, until a sufficient scope is out,
+when stopper. Furl sails, haul taut and stop in the rigging, send the
+boats’ crews aft, to lower the boats down. Let the boatswain go ahead
+to square the yards--clear up the decks.
+
+ _Note._--If in going to moor, veer out double the mooring scope, and
+ then let go the anchor; then furl sails and heave in.
+
+
+=353.=--TO ANCHOR ON A LEE SHORE.
+
+The ship being on a lee shore, and no room to veer, recourse must be
+had to letting go all the anchors. For this purpose all the cables are
+bent and ranged, and all the anchors got ready for letting go; the
+weather sheet is bitted to the forward bitts, and the weather bower to
+the after bitts, to windward; the lee bower to the forward bitts, and
+the lee sheet to the after ones to leeward; no buoy rope is bent except
+to the weather sheet; the weather sheet is backed by the stream, and
+the other anchors with kedges; see all the tiers clear, get the ship
+under storm-staysails, and furl all the square sails; hook the yard
+tackles; get the lower yards forward, and house topmast; when all is
+ready, keep her a little off, to get headway. Let go the weather sheet
+and stream anchors and veer away, then the weather bower and kedge;
+down helm; haul down fore and main storm stay-sails, and the drift to
+leeward will carry her to the berth of the last anchor, which let go;
+haul down the mizen storm stay-sail, and veer away an equal scope on
+all four cables; observe that they will bear an equal strain, and veer
+to a long scope, reserving sufficient to freshen the nip with;[30]
+see that the cables are well rounded, and watch them carefully. If
+she should drag, sling the guns with the stoutest spare rigging on
+board, having a round turn around all these cables, and heave them
+over; if she should still drag, cut away the masts, and if there be no
+possibility of preventing her from going on shore, take a stout spring
+to one of the quarters, slip the cables, let her veer round and go on
+shore end on.[31]
+
+ _Note._--In weighing these anchors, bring-to first on the cable which
+ has got the least scope out, taking in the slack of the others with
+ deck-tackles.
+
+ [30] If they are hemp cables; if chain, it is unnecessary.
+
+ [31] See Wrecked in a Gale.
+
+
+=354.=--SCUDDING UNDER A FORESAIL--TO COME TO AN ANCHOR.
+
+Get both bowers ready for letting go; haul up the foresail, making
+a due allowance for headway, and run in under bare poles; when near
+the berth, down helm, out with the spanker, and haul aft mizen storm
+stay-sail sheet; when by the wind, let go the weather anchor and veer
+away briskly; when head to wind, let go the lee anchor, and haul down
+the staysail; veer-to, and bring equal strain on both cables. If
+necessary, let go more anchors.
+
+
+=355.=--TO MAKE A FLYING MOOR.
+
+Make all necessary preparations for coming-to; overhaul and bitt a
+double range of the weather cable, and bitt the lee one at the range
+to which she is to be moored. When approaching the anchorage, reduce
+sail to topsails, jib and spanker, if moderate, but if fresh, to jib
+and spanker only; when near the berth of the first anchor, luff-to,
+stream the buoy, and when the headway has nearly ceased, let go the
+weather anchor, up helm, stand on and veer away roundly, to prevent the
+range from checking her; when the full range is nearly out, hard down
+the helm, down jib, clew up the topsails, out spanker, and let her lay
+the range out taut; when taut, let go the lee anchor, _furl sails_,
+bring-to on the weather-cable, reeving away on the lee one, and heave
+into the moorings. Moor taut, to allow for veering; clap on service,
+and veer it; if hemp cable, square the yards, stop in the rigging, and
+clear up the decks.
+
+
+=356.=--TO MOOR WITH A LONG SCOPE OF CHAIN.
+
+Shackle the ends of both chains together, and veer away nearly the
+whole of the two cables; then let go the other anchor, bring-to on the
+first cable, heave in, veering away on the other; when into the mooring
+mark or shackle, stopper and bitt, unshackle the chains, and secure
+all; clear up the decks, and pay the chain below. (_See Unmooring and
+Mooring._)
+
+
+=357.=--BLOWING FRESH--IN PORT.
+
+Range the cables, see the anchor clear, and an anchor watch set; have
+leads-men in the chains--send down the upper yards, if not already
+down; house top-gallant masts, and point the yards to the wind.
+
+
+=358.=--SEND DOWN LOWER YARDS.
+
+Send aloft the jeer-blocks, lash them, and reeve the jeers; see
+the gear of the courses clear, trusses unrove, and lifts clear for
+unreeving; hook the yard-tackles and take them forward, heave taut
+the jeers, unreeve the lanyard of the slings, attend the braces and
+yard-tackles, lower away by the jeers and lifts. When down make all
+fast.
+
+
+=359.=--TO HOUSE TOPMASTS.
+
+Hook top-blocks, reeve pendants and falls, see the rigging clear
+that leads to the topmast heads, man the top tackle-falls, slack
+the lanyards of the rigging, stays and backstays; sway up, out fid,
+lower away, and haul down on the rigging; when low enough, pass
+heel-lashings around the lower masts, having canvass in the wake; set
+taut the rigging and stays. Sheep-shank the backstays, haul taut the
+running-rigging, and make all snug.
+
+ _Note._--The topmasts may be housed with the lower yards aloft, by
+ taking the yard-tackles forward and bousing upon them, slacking the
+ braces and trusses at the same time (if not patent trusses). The
+ patent truss has been so improved that the mast can be housed by
+ unclamping one side and bracing sharp up.
+
+
+=360.=--TO BACK A BOWER BY A STREAM.
+
+Bend a stream-cable to the flukes of the bower-anchor, observing to let
+go the stream first; and when the cable is taut, let go the bower. If
+the bower is already down and dragging, form a clinch with the stream,
+around the cable, and let her drag until she brings the stream ahead.
+
+
+=361.=--TO SWEEP FOR AN ANCHOR.
+
+Make use of long stout running-rigging; middle it, and attach some
+sinker to the middle, also along the bight, to confine it to the
+bottom. Coil it away in two boats, and pull to windward of where the
+anchor is supposed to lie; then pull in an opposite direction, veering
+away on the bight from both boats; now pull in the direction of the
+anchor, and when the bight catches, cross the boats, and get a round
+turn with the rope; make a running bowline on the end of a hawser
+around the rope, and slip it down; when fast, weigh with the launch.
+
+ _Note._--A section of small sized chain, with a rope bent to each
+ end, is the best means that can be used to sweep for an anchor. Cross
+ and bring both parts together, after which put on a shackle on both
+ parts, and let it run down to the anchor; then heave up on both parts.
+
+
+=362.=--PREPARATIONS FOR LEAVING HARBOR.
+
+Inspect the tiller-ropes, shift hard over the helm, once or twice each
+way, in order to see that the tiller is not obstructed in its sweep in
+the gun-room. Place lead-lines in both channels. Point the ends of the
+hawsers up the hatchways, ready for paying out in any direction. Range
+both bower cables; see stoppers placed in readiness (bitt and ring).
+Examine cat-head stoppers, and shank-painters of both bower-anchors.
+
+Should the shank-painters be fitted slip-shackle fashion, care should
+be taken to place men by them who are acquainted with the method of
+disengaging the anchors, &c.
+
+
+=363.=--WEIGHING ANCHOR IN A HEAD-SEA.
+
+In weighing anchor with a head-sea, precaution should be taken to have
+previously prepared a good deck-tackle or other purchase, which affix
+to the messenger (if required), to assist the action of the capstan.
+There should also be had in readiness an ample quantity of nippers.
+(_See Passing Nippers._)
+
+
+=364.=--CASTING, OR CUTTING THE CABLE.
+
+When at single anchor in a roadstead, and if it be apprehended that
+from the direction of the wind, and the local position of the ship with
+the shore, it may be necessary to have recourse to cutting the cable,
+and that casting the wrong way would endanger the safety of the vessel,
+timely precaution should be taken to ensure the ships casting in the
+right direction.
+
+To effect this purpose, the stream cable should be bent to that of
+the riding bower, brought through the after part, and taken round the
+capstan, in readiness to act as a spring, to cant the ship previously
+to cutting. Axes should be placed abaft in the vicinity of the stream
+cable, for the purpose of cutting it, after the bower has been severed,
+and the ship’s head cast the desired way.
+
+ _Note._--A slip or buoy-rope should be brought over “head,” so that
+ when the cable is cut, a buoy may be left in the roadstead to denote
+ the position of the anchor.
+
+
+=365.=--CLINCHING CABLES.
+
+Whatever be the number of hemp cables which are bent to the anchors,
+the officer in charge is particularly cautioned to clap on a clinch
+rounding, towards the inner extremity of each cable, keeping three
+sheaves in the tier; upon receiving the cables on board, and clinching
+their respective ends, the officer may proceed as given in the note
+below.
+
+Chain-cables should never be clinched in a manner which will not admit
+of their ends being immediately disengaged, in the event of it becoming
+necessary to slip, or extricate the ship from her anchors; it may be
+said, that the cable may be unshackled on deck, but it may so happen,
+that the last shackle is without the hawse--a circumstance which will
+preclude the possibility of having recourse to this expedient.
+
+ _Note._--Pay down three sheaves into the tier, and then clap on a
+ racking lashing to the fore beam, previously worming and parceling in
+ the wake of the lashing; measure then, allowing the cable bitted, and
+ clap on a rounding in the wake, where the cable would bring up in the
+ hawse, and chafe in the cutwater. This method leaves room to freshen
+ hawse, in the event of having to veer to the clinch. Few ships adopt
+ the precaution of clapping upon their cables a clinch service; when
+ too late, the necessity of the practice is discovered.
+
+
+=366.=--FITTING BUOY-ROPES.
+
+Buoy-ropes are always proportioned to the depth of water. One end
+is unlaid, and a buoy rope-knot made; it is then laid up again, and
+whipped. A clove hitch is made, one half of the hitch being on each
+side of the crown. The end with the knot is seized on the shank, one
+seizing put on close to the crown, and one close to the end. The other
+is bent to the buoy. Some prefer the running eye. Put over one arm, and
+a half-hitch over the other arm, and seized in the cross.
+
+
+=367.=--JIB-HALLIARDS WITH A WHIP.
+
+A piece of rope, nearly equal to the double halliards, is rove through
+the block at the mast-head, and hooked to the head of the jib, a hook
+being spliced in the end; in the other a single block is spliced high
+enough from the deck to allow the jib being hauled close down. Through
+this block reeve a fall, and send both ends down through lubber’s-hole;
+splice a hook in one end, and hook into a bolt; reeve the other through
+a leading-block. Objections have been made to whips, but if the
+standing part is put a good distance from the hauling, it is impossible
+that it can take turns in--they can lead abaft the top if necessary.
+I should recommend their being brought down immediately forward of
+topsail halliards.
+
+
+=368.=--JIB SHEETS, DOUBLE.
+
+Two single blocks are seized into one strap, as span blocks, and the
+strap secured to the clew[32] of the sail, with a lashing passed
+through it, and an eye formed in the strap by crossing both parts
+together, and passing a throat seizing. One end of the sheet is
+clinched or spliced into an eye-bolt in the bulwarks, the other
+end rove through the block in the sail, from out, in and through a
+fair-leader or sheave in the bulwarks.
+
+With pendants, a piece of rope of sufficient size and length is
+middled, crossed, and a throat seizing passed round both parts, having
+an eye in the bight large enough to take a lashing. In each of these
+pendants, splice a single block; reeve a whip the same as in the double
+sheets. The pendants should be long enough to allow the weather one to
+hang slack on the fore-topmast stay, when the sheet is aft. (_See Sail
+Table for iron clews._)
+
+ [32] Iron clews being fitted to all sails, the strap would be likely
+ to chafe. I would recommend snug clump sister-hooks, or shackles,
+ fitted to the clews.
+
+
+=369.=--WRECKED IN A GALE.
+
+When this sad fate appears inevitable, it would be well to make choice
+(if choice can be made), of what appears the best part of the coast,
+and the clearest from rocks, for beaching her.
+
+The manner in which the boatmen beach their boats, is by laying them,
+with the assistance of the helm, half-broadside on, or rather bow and
+quarter on, having previously given the vessel a _heel_, _or list in
+shore_. This may be done either by trimming, or by the sallying of
+the crew, before the time that the vessel takes the ground. Such a
+position will offer the best means of saving the crew, who may also be
+materially assisted by cutting away the masts, so as to fall towards
+the shore, which may be the means of assisting those on board to reach
+the shore.
+
+In establishing a communication with the shore, if it be by a boat, the
+end of the deep sea-lead line should be taken in her, or if it be by
+some good swimmer, with a cork jacket on, the end of the log line will
+serve the same purpose; by either of these, hawsers, or other large
+ropes may afterwards be got on shore.
+
+The means of getting on shore from a wreck are by life boats, rafts,
+parts of the wreck, or life preservers.
+
+A canvass cot, with large holes at the bottom, to admit the water to
+pass through freely, and having cross bars of thick rope, should also
+be kept in readiness for such an occasion.
+
+Raw-hide rope will be the best for traveling grommets. Some other
+expedients might be mentioned, which are for the consideration of
+officers in charge of vessels.
+
+
+=370.=--SETTING UP RIGGING AT SEA.
+
+Whenever it is required to set up the lower shrouds, at sea, the
+topmast shrouds should be all let go; this practice is recommended upon
+the presumption that the lower rigging will not be cast loose, or set
+up on the occasion of a swell, or that the ship be rolling or pitching.
+It has been well observed, that by letting go two topmast shrouds at
+a time, an uneven strain has been brought upon the futtock;[33] which
+prevents the shrouds of the lower rigging being equally drawn down.
+
+Upon all occasions of setting up the lower rigging at sea, it is always
+advisable to have ready prepared as many luffs as possible, so that
+the shrouds may be set up at a time, and that there may be no delay
+in shifting the tackles from shroud to shroud. When the lower rigging
+is up, the futtock plates should be beaten down to the top, and the
+shrouds set tautly up by means of tackles, ready hooked to their
+respective lanyards. The method of employing the Spanish windlass, for
+the purpose of setting up these shrouds, is not to be recommended. It
+occupies too much time, and often creates unnecessary delay before the
+topmast rigging can be set up. In staying the topmasts, the boatswain
+is not recommended to bouse too far forward the heads of the mast,
+and he should recollect that the angle formed by the main topmast
+stay, with the fore top, is considerably greater than that of the fore
+topmast with the bowsprit; and consequently that the lever of the
+former is more powerful than that of the latter.
+
+ _Note._--Vessels not having catharpen legs, need not come up the
+ topmast rigging for the purpose of setting up lower rigging, as the
+ futtock-shrouds set up to the mast.
+
+ [33] This is only applicable to vessels having their futtock-rigging
+ set up to their lower rigging.
+
+
+=371.=--SLACKING THE JIB-STAY, IN BAD WEATHER.
+
+The jib-stay is always set up as taut as a bar of iron; consequently,
+when it comes to a blow, both the spray of the sea and the rain tend to
+tauten it more; in pitching, too, it must assist to spring the boom,
+work the bowsprit, and cause unnecessary strain upon the rope itself.
+Whenever it blows so fresh that the jib is not likely to be set, the
+jib-stay should be slacked. If it be required subsequently to setting
+the sail, nothing can be easier than to set the stay up, while the jib
+is loosing. (_Bear this in mind._)
+
+
+=372.=--STOPPING OUT TOPGALLANT YARD ROPES.
+
+The practice of permitting the topmen to stop the topgallant yard ropes
+out at their own convenience, and consequently at unstated periods,
+is at variance with that order and regularity which should ever
+characterize the duties and discipline of a vessel of war.
+
+In well regulated ships, the officer of the watch, following the
+movements of the senior officers, directs the boatswain or his mates
+to pipe “out yard ropes;” if tripping-lines are tolerated, the yard
+rope and tripping-line men should lay out together: by pursuing this
+system the yards will be kept square, and will not (as is of constant
+occurrence), be seen for an hour and a half before sunset, topping in
+different directions. The same rule should be observed when placing on
+whips for hammock-girtlines, or clothes-lines.
+
+
+=373.=--PREVENTER BRACES.
+
+It is desirable to establish a general rule, that when the topsails are
+treble-reefed, the preventer braces are to be placed on the yards, and
+that the relieving tackles in the gun room be placed at hand ready for
+use.
+
+
+=374.=--KEEPING A CLEAR ANCHOR.
+
+That part of seamanship which relates to the method of tending a ship
+to the tide, or in other words of keeping the cable clear of the
+anchor, may not be inaptly termed the blind branch of the mariner’s
+art--the buoy floating on the surface being the only possible guide
+that the seaman possesses to point to the position of the anchor hidden
+under water.
+
+From being little understood, and by young officers it is seldom put
+in practice, the art of keeping a clear anchor is by many considered
+a difficult task; but, were officers to give more attention to the
+matter, and to place less dependence on the master or pilot, they would
+soon attain every necessary knowledge to meet the most difficult tide
+case.
+
+
+=375.=--ANCHOR TURNING IN THE GROUND.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In order to ensure the certainty of an anchor turning in the ground,
+with the tending or swinging of the ship, it is recommended (whenever
+it is possible), to resort to this practice: To shoot the ship on the
+same side of her anchor, at each change of tide; for if the anchor
+should not turn in the ground, the cable will get foul, either about
+the stock or upper fluke, and trip it out of ground. (Remember this).
+
+
+=376.=--TO TEND TO A WEATHER-TIDE.
+
+Let it be supposed that a ship is riding at single anchor, upon a
+lee-tide, with the wind in the same direction as the tide, and that
+it be required, upon the tide setting to windward, to tend the ship
+clear of the anchor. To effect this, as soon as the ship begins to
+feel the turn of the weather-tide, and that the vessel brings the wind
+broad on the weather-bow, the head sails should be hoisted, and the
+lee-sheets hauled aft, in order to shoot the ship from her anchor, on
+a taut cable. The helm must be put “a-lee,” and kept in that position
+until the tide sets the ship over to windward of her cable, and the
+buoy appears on the same side with the helm. If from light winds the
+buoy bears nearly a-beam, her head sails may be hauled down; but if the
+breeze be strong, and it causes the ship to shoot in a direction nearly
+end-on with that of the cable, bringing the buoy on her quarter, it
+will be necessary to keep the fore-topmast-staysail set, in order to
+check the vessel, should she be disposed to break her shear against the
+action of her helm, or be inclined to drop to windward and “go over”
+her anchor, in a broadside or lateral direction.
+
+
+=377.=--A MAN OVERBOARD, AT SEA.
+
+If the ship be going free, and particularly if fast through the water,
+it is recommended to bring-to with the head-yards a-back, for it is
+obvious if the main-yard be left square, the ship will be longer
+coming-to, will shoot farther, increase the distance from the man, and
+add materially to the delay of succor.
+
+It will however require judgment, especially if blowing fresh, to be
+careful and right the helm in time, or the ship will fly-to too much,
+gain sternway, and risk the boat in lowering down.
+
+The best authority recommends, that if possible, the ship should not
+only be hove a-back when a man falls overboard, but she ought to be
+brought around on the other tack; of course sail ought to be shortened
+in stays, and the main-yard kept square. This implies the ship being on
+a wind, or from the position of having the wind not above two points
+abaft the beam.
+
+The great merit of such a method of proceeding, is, that if the
+evolution succeeds, the ship when round will drift towards the man,
+and although there may be some small risk in lowering the boat in
+stays from the ship, having at one period sternway, there will in fact
+be little time lost, if the boat be not lowered until the ship be
+well round, and the sternway at an end. There is more mischief done
+generally, by lowering the boat too soon, than by waiting until the
+fittest moment arrives for doing it coolly. It cannot be too often
+repeated, that almost the whole depends upon the self-possession of the
+officer of the deck.
+
+
+=378.=--JIB AND STAYSAIL-HALLIARD. (_Blocks at mast-head._)
+
+For various reasons it is advisable to dispense with the cheek-blocks,
+which are usually fitted to the fore topmast-head, for the purpose
+of reeving the above two ropes, together with the fore topmast
+staysail-halliards. In the first place, if the fore-topmast be sprung,
+or carried away in chase, and it be required to shift the mast with all
+possible speed, considerable time is taken up in removing and replacing
+cheek-blocks at the mast-head. (_See allowance-table, Blocks._)
+
+ _Note._--In some ships the jib and fore-topmast staysail-halliards
+ are rove through gins fitted for the purpose. Gins, however, are not
+ supplied in all ships, but you can always fit fiddle-blocks under
+ the eyes of your rigging; your jib and staysail-halliards reeve in
+ the upper sheaves, and the topsail-buntlines in the lower ones.
+ Cheek-blocks answer well on the trestle-trees.
+
+
+=379.=--TO KEEP THE HAWSE CLEAR WHEN MOORED.
+
+When it is nearly slack water, cant her with the helm the right way,
+and if necessary, make use of jib, spanker, and yards.
+
+
+=380.=--TO TEND TO WINDWARD--SINGLE ANCHOR.
+
+When the tide slacks, sheer her with the helm, run up the jib and
+fore-topmast staysail, with weather-sheets aft; when canted the
+right way, the lee-sheets may be hauled aft, and the yards filled,
+thus setting her abreast to a taut cable; when the buoy is on the
+lee-quarter, brace the head-yards to the wind, and fill the after ones;
+when the tide swings her head around so as to shake the sails, haul
+down and stow them.
+
+
+=381.=--TO TEND TO LEEWARD.
+
+As the tide slackens, sheer her to the same side of the buoy on which
+she came to windward, and fill the yards, which will set her end-on
+over the cable; she will now by the effect of the wind, bring her stern
+over the cable, and bring the buoy on her weather-quarter; put the helm
+“a-weather,” and she will shoot ahead, tautening the cable, by sheering
+her head from the wind. When the wind gets a little aft the beam, hoist
+the jib, to prevent the cable from drawing her head to wind.
+
+Let her lay in this position until she falls off; when the headsails
+shake, haul down and stow them.
+
+
+=382.=--TO BACK SHIP--(AT ANCHOR).
+
+As the tide slacks, sheer her to windward, sheet-home and set the
+mizen-topsail; thus she will back round to leeward as soon as the tide
+sets up; clew up and furl the mizen-topsail.
+
+
+=383.=--TO BREAK THE SHEAR.
+
+When tending to the tide, and the ship comes over her anchor, she may
+break her shear by canting her stern the wrong way; when this is the
+case put the helm “a-weather,” run the jib up, fill the head-yards, and
+the after-yards kept-to. Everything is now arranged to bring her round
+again, when she must be managed as before mentioned.
+
+
+=384.=--ON GETTING TO SEA.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Unship the man-ropes, stow them away, secure the gangways, pay down
+the messenger, and secure anchors and boats. The anchors ought to be
+secured with preventer stoppers, and painters, particularly where they
+work with a slip-shackle or tricker, which a rope catching, may drag or
+drive out. In fact the jib-sheet is apt to do this if not looked to.
+
+Wash and dry the nippers, then stow them away; wash down the anchors
+and buoys, and black them as soon as possible; when clear of the land,
+unbend cables, buoys, and buoy-ropes, and ship the blind-buckles,
+unless prevented by peculiar circumstances.
+
+Take off the harbor-gaskets and have them repaired and blackened
+afresh, when convenient. If the bunt-gaskets, however, are retained on
+the yards, roll them up snug and secure them. Put the sea-gaskets on,
+make them up in cheises, and keep them before the yards.
+
+Place bunt-line spans to their respective yards.
+
+Have the boats’ sails and awnings dried and put below.
+
+Quarter-boats clear for lowering.
+
+Besides these, the watch on deck, when not employed in more pressing
+duties, may be occupied to much advantage as follows, viz.:
+
+1_st._ Exercising small-arms, cutlasses and guns;
+
+2_d._ Pointing all ropes requiring it;
+
+3_d._ Working up a sufficient quantity of junk, into seizing-stuff,
+mats, swabs, foxes, thumb-lines, knittles, gaskets, reef-points,
+nippers, salvagees, straps, &c., &c.
+
+
+=385.=--ON FIRE REGULATIONS IN THE MERCHANT-SERVICE.
+
+We now come to the most important of all the regulations in a ship,
+namely, those which operate against the fatal and shocking effects of
+fire. Whatever good results from stationing people in ordinary cases,
+cannot be put in competition with this, which provides against the most
+dreadful catastrophe incident to a ship. From the number of unfortunate
+accidents of this nature we surely ought to be prepared to our utmost
+for such an event.
+
+First, by internal precautions; and
+
+Secondly, by the means to be used against the danger.
+
+Let there be great attention in the use of fire and lights.--The
+regulations on these subjects which exist in men of war are still more
+required in merchant vessels.
+
+Fires should be put out at eight P. M., and all lights at nine P. M.,
+except those required for the binnacle, and on deck.
+
+The officer of the last dog-watch ought to report the fire extinguished
+to the captain.
+
+As each man is relieved from the wheel, he should examine below, and
+report “all well” to the officer of the watch.
+
+No naked light whatever ought to be permitted; let either lanterns or
+lamps be used.
+
+Spirits should be drawn off by day; a naked light should on no account
+be permitted near a spirit cask.
+
+Smoking should not be allowed below. I have known more than one ship
+set on fire by a man’s pipe; and by segars, I have no doubt many have
+been burnt.
+
+In stowing a hold, do not allow naked lights to be used, nor any person
+to smoke there when so employed.
+
+On receiving cotton as a cargo, both those who ship as well as those
+who receive it, ought to ascertain that it is in a safe state before
+it be put on board. I have known instances of its being sold and moved
+away, when, in a few hours, if it had not been moved, it would have
+ignited.
+
+I am acquainted with the particulars of a ship that was burnt some
+years since, where oil had been stowed in the hold with cotton over
+it, with what was considered safe and secure dunnage between. The
+cotton, notwithstanding, absorbed a quantity of oil, became heated, and
+ignited. The crew with difficulty saved themselves in the boats before
+the flames burst forth, and the vessel was entirely consumed.
+
+Chests containing bottles of inflammable substances, such as vitriol,
+&c., cannot be too well secured. A medicine chest upset in a gale may
+set fire to a ship.
+
+Friction matches should never be allowed on board a ship.
+
+The coals in steamers have frequently taken fire, and in many cases
+with the most fatal consequences. Too much care cannot be taken in the
+selection of coals; a strict examination ought to be made as to their
+state when received and stowed, and no suspicious circumstances should
+be then overlooked. When receiving coals, avoid throwing the fresh ones
+on the old, which ought to be kept uppermost, and _first_ for use. When
+once they become ignited, I can hardly offer a remedy for the evil.
+
+When coals take fire, some people throw water upon them, and smother
+the fire by wet beds. Hot water, or steam, if they can be used, are
+more expeditious than cold water in extinguishing fire, I believe. To
+attempt to discharge the coals, would allow the air freer access, and
+would be certain to increase the power of the fire.
+
+A few canvass buckets, with long lanyards, should be always prepared
+and ready on deck for drawing water.
+
+When a fire is first discovered, shorten all low sails directly,
+courses up, stay-sails and wind-sails down, boat-covers taken off.
+
+If the sails should take fire from lightning, or any other cause,
+cutting away the mast appears the most likely method of saving the ship.
+
+At first, endeavor if possible, to stifle the fire; which may be best
+done by shutting off any draught of air, and smothering it with wet
+bedding, small sails, &c., until a good supply of water can be applied.
+
+If the fire is forward, put before the wind until it is necessary to
+“out boats,” then bring-to.
+
+If the fire is aft, or a-midships, keep to the wind.
+
+
+=386.=--STATION BILL FOR FIRE, IN THE MERCHANT SERVICE.[34]
+
+Coolness and steadiness in any misfortune by fire are essential to
+arrest it.
+
+If a fire break out below, the hatchways should be immediately covered,
+to prevent a draught of air.
+
+Ring the ship’s bell to call the men to their stations.
+
+ ======================================================================
+ MEN’S NAMES. DUTIES.
+
+ A very steady man ---- To the helm.
+
+ {First, to cover hatchways with gratings
+ {and tarpaulins.
+ The carpenter, and one {
+ man. {Secondly, to rig pumps and lead hoses; and
+ {
+ {Thirdly, get the tools ready for cutting
+ {away, if required.
+
+ The chief mate, boatswain, {To attend where the fire is, and pass
+ and ship’s cook. {water to it, &c.
+
+ A man of each watch or {To the pumps, and to draw water as for
+ more. {washing decks.
+
+ A boy. {To collect all the buckets to the part
+ {where the water is being drawn.
+
+ {First duty to haul up courses, brail up
+ {trysails and spanker.
+ Remainder of starboard {
+ watch. {Second duty, draw and pass water with the
+ {fire buckets; then for third duty see
+ {below.
+
+ {First duty, to haul up courses, brail up
+ {trysails and spanker.
+ Remainder of larboard {
+ watch. {Second duty, to soak small sails and
+ {bedding to throw over and smother the
+ {fire; then for third duty see below.
+
+ Cabin steward, and cabin {If any powder or other combustibles are on
+ boy. {board, to throw them overboard if
+ {possible, or drown them.
+
+ Second mate to direct fire {If the fresh water is in tanks, turn the
+ hose, and the supply of {waste-valves[35] of two of them for a
+ water from deck. {first supply for the pump, and then go to
+ {direct fire hose, &c.
+
+ {Third duties of the crew, the yard and
+ The crew. {stay-tackles to be got up ready for
+ {getting out boats.
+
+ {Fourth duties of the crew, if the fire
+ {appears to increase, out boats, and lower
+ The crew. {down the quarter boats; let them lay off
+ {in a string to windward, with a man and a
+ {boy as keepers, ready for the rest of the
+ {crew if required.
+
+ The captain ---- To attend at all the stations as he deems
+ best.
+
+If the ship cannot be saved, the passengers and crew are the first
+objects, with some fresh water and biscuit; a compass, quadrant and
+Bowditch. Unless there is sufficient time, and it can be done without
+endangering the sea-worthiness of the boats, nothing should be taken
+that is not essential to the mere preservation of life, and necessary
+for navigating the boats.
+
+ [34] This bill ought to be written out or printed, and hung up for
+ every one’s inspection.
+
+ [35] The mate ought to have the key of the valves of the water tanks
+ in his own keeping.
+
+
+=387.=--TAKING TO THE BOATS.
+
+The captain should in his own mind, and by a private memorandum,
+station the passengers and crew to the boats on board, and likewise
+make the persons here specified be responsible for having the following
+articles put into the boats.
+
+ ======================================================================
+
+ {Compass, Maury on Navigation, sextant,
+ Captain. {spyglass, Nautical Almanac, pencils and
+ {writing paper, general chart, pocket
+ {watch, pair of compasses, &c.
+
+ {Oars, masts, sails, boat-hooks, bolt of
+ First mate. {canvass, boat’s compass, Bowditch’s chart,
+ {ensign.
+
+ {Two or three bags of biscuits, some
+ {breakers of water, quadrant, pencils and
+ Second mate. {writing paper, half-gill measure, a
+ {musket, box of cartridges, and flints or
+ {caps.
+
+ Surgeon ---- Pocket instruments.
+
+ {Hammer, nails, sheet-lead, grease,
+ Carpenter. {fearnought, oakum, saw, chisel,
+ {turn-screw, cold chisel, a vial of sweet
+ {oil, any small iron rod.
+
+ {Coil of inch rope, long reel, deep-sea
+ Third mate, or boatswain. {reel, painted canvass, marling-spikes,
+ {spun-yarn, &c.
+
+ Sail maker. {Palm, needles, twine, fishing-lines,
+ {hooks, painted canvass, boat’s awning.
+
+ {Tinder-box, flints and tinder, small box,
+ Cook, and steward. {lantern and candles, cheese, cabin
+ {biscuit, chocolate.
+
+ Each person. {A tin pot, a pocket knife, a change of
+ {flannels and stockings.
+
+With a scarcity of food, savages attempt to lessen the cravings of
+hunger by tightening a belt around the waist; and by sucking a pebble
+they in some degree alleviate thirst. Chewing tobacco may also be
+serviceable under such circumstances. In such emergencies all must fare
+alike.
+
+
+=388.=--LOSING A RUDDER AT A CRITICAL MOMENT, (_such as crossing a Bar,
+&c._)
+
+A ship might lose her rudder at a critical moment in crossing the bar
+of a river, when a few minutes more might run her aground, if she were
+unmanageable; and in this case, what temporary rudder is best becomes
+a question for which a few moments only are given to decide. The plan
+of steering by the stream-cable payed out astern, or by the stern-boat
+lowered instantly, with the plug out, and towed astern by a hawser,
+with guys leading up to each quarter, would perhaps then be adopted;
+while a ship losing her rudder at sea would have leisure to adopt any
+other plan.
+
+It might be an advantage, if every vessel would take some opportunity
+of trying how she could steer with a stern-boat in the manner
+described, and what length of tow-line was required to enable her to
+steer the most easily, so as to avoid wild yawing. The experiment might
+be made in moderate weather with the wind on the quarter, and also
+right aft, under top-sails, top-gallant-sails and fore-sail, running
+five or six knots. Nothing gives confidence so much as practice.
+
+
+=389.=--STEAMERS GETTING AGROUND.
+
+As steamers would probably do so with very fresh way on, they ought at
+once to stop their engines, but on _no account_ to attempt to reverse
+them, until the extent of the injury be ascertained; otherwise they
+may go down in deep water. Their first duty is to out boats, and place
+the passengers in safety in them; the crew might then ascertain the
+state of the vessel; if she is likely to float, and can be got off, the
+attempt to do so should be made; but if not, the crew can take to the
+boats.
+
+
+=390.=--ON THE DUTY OF REMAINING BY A DAMAGED VESSEL.
+
+When two vessels have run foul of each other, the one which is the
+least injured is bound, by every sense of justice and humanity, to
+stay by the other to render every assistance in her power; a contrary
+proceeding ought to make the guilty party liable to some punishment. If
+one appears likely to sink, the boat lashings should be cut, that the
+boat or boats may be got out or float off.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ When freshly blows the northern gales,
+ Then under courses snug we fly;
+ When lighter breezes swell the sails,
+ Then royals proudly sweep the sky.
+
+[Illustration: United States Razee or Frigate INDEPENDENCE, at Anchor.]
+
+
+
+
+PART VII.
+
+MISCELLANEOUS SUBJECTS.
+
+
+=391.=--ON SQUARING YARDS.
+
+Simple as may seem the process of squaring yards, it is nevertheless a
+piece of duty which requires considerable precision, and this precision
+can never be obtained without a knowledge of the principle upon which
+the yards should be squared. A boatswain, ignorant of this principle,
+will generally proceed thus: he first bouses taut the lower trusses,
+squares the yards by the braces, and, quite regardless of the distance
+of the topsail-yards from their respective caps, or looking to see if
+the yards are a-midships, directs the chief boatswain’s mate to take
+his station on the end of the jib-boom, whilst he himself proceeds in
+the boat ahead of the ship to square the yards by the lifts. Should the
+fore-yard be required to be topped to starboard, the boatswain will
+top away upon the yard-arm until, _by chance_, he discovers he has
+topped it too high; to remedy this eye sore, he sings out “_Fore-yard
+to port_,” and tops until he raises the larboard arm as high as the
+starboard; producing by this system of topping, and never settling, a
+most unsightly bow in the yard. He then squares the fore-topsail yard
+by the bowed fore-yard, and of course treats the fore-topsail yard to
+a bit of a bend likewise. He then takes the main yard in hand, which,
+though probably square by the lifts, can no longer look so in his
+eye, because the yard arms are not made to cock up like those of the
+fore yard. “_Main yard to starboard_,” he sings out, with an audible
+voice; the lift is topped several feet to starboard, and then to port,
+until the yard assumes the desired cock the boatswain has in his eye
+in squaring the loftier yards by the lifts. Boatswains seldom take the
+precaution to place hands to tend the top-gallant braces. It should be
+remembered that the topping of the lifts alter and disturb the square
+position of the yards by the braces. These may appear minute matters,
+but unless they be strictly observed, yards never can be properly
+squared.
+
+In squaring yards by the lifts, the lanyards should always be unrove to
+two or three turns, the jigger hooked to them and hauled taut; and when
+topping on one lift always ease the opposite lanyard with the jigger;
+if not, the lanyard will render with jerks, and the yard will probably
+have to be topped the opposite way. The lanyards should be rocked
+when sufficiently up, the plan of nipping with hands being a lazy,
+bad practice; and after much time spent in getting the yards nicely
+squared, the lanyards have come up in securing. The ropes should be all
+hauled taut before the boat comes on board; all the ropes coiled neatly
+and low in the tops; nothing allowed to hang over the bows, which
+should be kept quite clear; and everything done to make the ship appear
+in every respect what a man-of-war ought to be.
+
+Being particular in one part and not in another, has almost a worse
+appearance than slovenly altogether. As the ship is considered a
+would-be _man-of-war_, and is the cause of many remarks, which, if
+heard by the commanding officer, would not be at all complimentary
+to his nautical knowledge, if anything should be studied more than
+another, it is the standing rigging and position of the masts and
+yards, &c., &c.
+
+ _Note._--Before squaring the yards, the boatswain is recommended to
+ see that the masts, and particularly the lofty spars, are upright
+ and all in one. It frequently happens that after the boatswain
+ has squared all the yards, fore and aft, he detects an awkward
+ inclination in one of the topgallant-masts; he nevertheless returns
+ on board, and reports to the senior lieutenant, yards squared and
+ ropes taut, but afterwards desires the captain of the top to get
+ a pull on the starboard or larboard top-gallant breast-backstay,
+ forgetting that this very pull affects the top-gallant lifts, and
+ consequently alters the position of the yards. The first thing after
+ the masts are all in one, or upright, as you choose to term it, is to
+ get your yards exactly amidships by rolling-tackles; then get them
+ snugly trussed to the mast, and square them by the braces, before
+ proceeding ahead of the ship.
+
+
+=392.=--UP TOP-GALLANT MASTS AND YARDS--(_The Masts, &c. being on
+deck._)
+
+One watch of topmen aloft, to get jack or tail blocks on, for yard
+ropes, as also for _flying jib and staysail halliards_; if the sails
+are about to be loosed, have jiggers on the topgallant stays, ready
+for setting up, and burtons overhauled, ready for clapping on the
+mast ropes; in fidding, the other watch see everything clear, and get
+tackles on the backstays, ready for setting up the instant the mast is
+stayed.
+
+
+WORDS OF COMMAND.
+
+“_All hands, up topgallant-masts and yards_,”--and loose sails if
+requisite.
+
+“_Sway away_,”--let the masts wait for each other, after placing the
+topgallant rigging, so that they may afterwards ascend uniformly, and
+be fidded together. Instantly the fids are in, _stay topgallant-masts_,
+and set up the quarter, or standing backstays; then without waiting for
+more of the rigging, proceed to cross topgallant-yards alone, along
+with the loosing of the sails, as may be requisite, and as is described
+in 394.
+
+ _Remarks._--The mast-heads and eyes of the rigging, or funnels,
+ should be greased.
+
+ If topgallant-sails are unbent, and royal yard-ropes good, it will
+ make the work of crossing topgallant-yards all the easier, to use
+ _royal_ in place of topgallant-yard ropes.
+
+ If there be no capshore, the topmast cap is apt to droop forward,
+ and by _catching_ and _jaming_ the topgallant-masts, to interfere
+ materially in the attempt to send them up smartly; the caps ought
+ therefore to be well looked after. If the topgallant, royal, and
+ skysail masts, be all in one, it is generally found necessary to let
+ fall the bunts of the topsails, in order to get the masts up; at sea
+ the yards must be braced up, the topsails lowered two-thirds down,
+ and the mast sent up to windward.
+
+
+=393.=--DOWN TOPGALLANT-MASTS AND YARDS.
+
+One watch, or part of a watch of topmen, aloft, to clear away the
+topgallant rigging, unreeve flying-jib and staysail-halliards, get jack
+or tail-blocks on, for royal and topgallant yard-ropes, and burtons on
+the mast-ropes.
+
+The other watch of topmen on deck, unlace the backstay-mats, and slack
+the backstay lanyards.
+
+When ready, “_sway away_,” two hands at the mast-head looking out for
+the fids, the lanyards of which they should be cautioned to see fast;
+and two on topsail-yard to bear the heel clear, and make fast heel-rope.
+
+When the fids are out, hang the backstays to the tops, lower all the
+masts together, and get heel-ropes on, which should be in readiness,
+from the deck to the fid-holes.
+
+If the rigging does not start easily, sway and surge without delay;
+clap on the lizard through the royal-halliard sheave-hole, as soon as
+it can be got at; then lower the masts on deck, either placing them
+fore and aft, or up and down the lower masts.
+
+Haul the rigging and backstays taut down from the mastheads, and stop
+them down along the topmast rigging, coiling away the slack bights snug
+in the tops; also haul taut the stays and all the small ropes.
+
+See that the trucks are fairly placed, so that the signal-halliards may
+traverse freely.
+
+If the masts are only housed, haul the topgallant rigging and backstays
+taut, as above, but stay the royal-masts, and sheepshank and set up the
+royal backstays and shrouds, if there be any, or what is preferable,
+stop the slack part in bights, and then set up; also steady the heels
+of the topgallant-masts to the topmast by a heel-rope.
+
+ _Remarks._--The yards, according to circumstances, may be either sent
+ down at the moment you begin to lower the masts, or at that when you
+ begin to sway the masts, in order to take out the fid. The former
+ has the best effect, but in that case it is essential to have picked
+ hands to lower, and not to commence lowering until the lower yard-arm
+ is unrigged.
+
+
+=394.=--CROSSING TOPGALLANT AND ROYAL-YARDS, AND LOOSING SAIL.
+
+That all the squadron may be prepared to cross yards and loose sail
+at _eight_, or for any other manœuvre, deemed proper at the hoisting
+of the colors, the flag ship sometimes makes it a rule to designate
+seven bells, that is 7 H. 30 M., by giving the preparatory signal.
+The squadron have then an opportunity of regulating their time by the
+Commodore’s, and making such preparations for eight as may be necessary.
+
+If this be done, and another very proper rule enforced, viz.: the
+allowing no one, on any account, to be aloft between five minutes
+before eight, and the time of making the signal, every ship will be
+upon an equal footing in the keen competition which immediately ensues.
+
+
+PREPARATIONS.
+
+Send the hands aloft to overhaul the lifts and braces; prepare
+studding-sail-booms for tricing up, bend the top bowlines to the
+buntline toggles, overhaul the gear of the courses, coiling it snug
+down on the lower yards, and take the cloths and half the gaskets off
+the fore and aft sail; also stretch along and reeve the yard-ropes.
+
+
+WORDS OF COMMAND.
+
+“All hands, cross yards and loose sails;”
+
+“Aloft, topmen;”
+
+“Aloft, sail loosers;”
+
+Sway out of the chains--viz.: upper topgallant yard-arms clear of
+top-rims, or lubber’s-hole; royal yard-arms clear of cross-trees.
+
+“Sway away;” trice up, lay out.
+
+“Sway across--let fall,”--the men at the same time hoisting jibs and
+staysails, hauling out the bowlines, getting down the squaring-marks of
+topgallant and royal lifts and braces, and hoisting ensign, jack, and
+pendant.
+
+A boat should then be manned without delay, for the boatswain to go
+ahead, look at the yards, see the head-sails taut up, the bowline
+properly out, and everything ready for shortening sail.
+
+If the bowlines are not to be hauled out, and, in consequence, the jibs
+and staysails not hoisted, nor the sheets of trysail and spanker hauled
+aft, proceed as follows, viz.:--
+
+Keep fast the topsail clewlines, and haul up the buntlines; throw the
+jibs out off the booms without touching the halliards, and slack off
+the trysail and spanker-brails; overhaul the brails on one side and
+haul them up--on the other loose the small sails enough for the wind to
+blow through, which will prevent their heating, and even should it rain
+slightly, will avert much harm.
+
+ _Remark._--The frequent loosing of the sails is essential, to prevent
+ them from _mildewing_, particularly when new, and before the gum has
+ been shaken out.
+
+
+=395.=--TOPMAST CARRIED AWAY.
+
+I would recommend vessels to use curb-chain, for parrels for
+topsail-yards; let it be wormed, parceled and covered with leather;
+the seizings must be frequently examined. Carrying away a parrel may
+occasion a serious loss of life, should there happen to be any men on
+the yard at the time, and even if there are not, this accident is very
+likely to carry away the topmast.
+
+The funnels used for top-gallant rigging, are frequently used for
+topmast rigging; they are also very serviceable, and if a topmast is
+carried away, the funnel is then invaluable, as the topmast may be
+shifted so much more quickly, the rigging remaining properly placed.
+
+
+=396.=--CLEARING THE WRECK OF A TOPMAST.
+
+Watch on deck to secure the wreck, and prevent its doing injury--watch
+below to shorten sail. Hook top-blocks, reeve in them two hawsers; the
+stoutest to leeward, for passing round and securing the wreck, in order
+to get the rigging &c. in-board.
+
+Hook luff-tackles in the lower pendants--let the other topgallant
+yards be sent down, and the topgallant masts housed until the topmast
+is shifted. If it be a fore-topmast that is carried away, ease in
+the jib-boom--cut the lanyards of the topmast rigging, securing the
+dead-eyes by studding-sail-halliards.
+
+The weather-hawser may be employed to unfid the stump.
+
+
+=397.=--CARRYING AWAY A JIB-BOOM.
+
+Send down the fore-topgallant-yard, and house the fore-topgallant-mast;
+use the fore-topmast staysail-halliards, and lee-fore-bowline, for
+securing and getting in the wreck.
+
+
+=398.=--TO FISH A LOWER YARD IN THE SHORTEST TIME.
+
+Incalculable are the evils which may result to a vessel from the
+springing or snapping of a lower yard, especially the fore one.
+
+If the yard be severed, get both pieces down on deck, and place them
+together, to assume, as near as possible, their original position.
+Hollow out, so as to fit the cylindrical surface of the yard, two
+spare anchor-stock pieces, (or two proper fishes always fitted, and
+to be kept as spare stores), in doing which, a depth of two or three
+inches will suffice; place one piece on the top, and the other secured
+to the under part of the yard, towards the extremities; dub down the
+superfluous wood, and round the edges, ready to receive the requisite
+wooldings.
+
+Previous to boring holes for the bolts, set close-to the anchor-stock
+pieces, with wedge upon wedge; introduce then eight bolts, of
+three-quarter inch diameter, which must be severally clinched. Cut
+scores for eight wooldings, and woold away with _well-stretched rope_,
+of two-and-a-half inch. The yard may then be replaced aloft. There will
+be found no necessity for studding-sail booms, or other spare spars.
+
+
+=399.=--EXPECTATION OF LOSING A LOWER MAST.
+
+Every vessel should have a spare lower cap on board; it should be in
+two parts (for the convenience of stowing), with bolts for securing it
+together.
+
+In the event of losing a lower mast, the cap put on the spare topmasts,
+and then raised on the stump of the lower mast (having been previously
+fitted for it), at once enables a jury mast to be stopped and secured;
+clap on a good heel lashing.
+
+Those vessels which have lower dead-eyes secured to the side, are
+enabled to get clear of the wreck of a lower mast more readily than
+those with the old channels and chain plates. Those which are fitted
+in the last mentioned manner, when likely to lose a lower mast, should
+reeve a hawser through the lanyards of the rigging on each side, and
+have it well secured; they will then be enabled to disengage the
+lanyards from the channels, and get clear of the wreck, whose thumping
+might otherwise injure either the ship’s bottom or rudder.
+
+
+=400.=--LYING-TO IN A GALE, AFTER THE LOSS OF MASTS.
+
+Put a stout span on a spare topmast or other large spar, and veer a
+long scope on a hawser, or stream chain-cable, from the bow, by a
+spring on it from aft; it may be used for wearing. The wreck of a mast
+would answer well for lying-to with, and when the weather became fine,
+the spars and rigging would materially assist in refitting jury masts.
+
+
+=401.=--SPARS TO CONVERT IN CASE OF NEED.
+
+Officers will do well to consider what spars they have on board which
+can be the most readily and efficiently converted, so as to supply the
+place of any which may be lost.
+
+A spare topmast, or if in a brig, a main-boom, are the spars that could
+be the most quickly converted into a jury lower mast, or bowsprit; a
+mizen-mast would be still better, if the weather would permit its being
+shifted.
+
+A topmast studding-sail boom, with the sail as a lug, makes a
+sufficiently good mizen.
+
+If the bowsprit is sprung, let the jib-boom be eased in nearly to the
+bulwark. When a vessel is lying-to, and there is a heavy sea running,
+it would be prudent to have tackles up for steadying the foremast, as
+in the event of the bowsprit being struck, and either sprung or carried
+away, the mast would be saved.
+
+A jib-boom will answer well for making a topsail yard.
+
+ _Note._--It is surprising how well vessels answer when jury rigged,
+ and in many cases will sail nearly as fast as when they have their
+ proper masts, yards, and sails.
+
+ Sails may be reduced by taking out midship cloths, and by the head
+ for depth.
+
+ When vessels take the ground, from a falling tide, or any other
+ cause, they ought to be prepared with three shores on a side, the
+ lower ends a little off.
+
+ The first abreast the foremast;
+
+ The second amidships;
+
+ The third abaft the main-sheet sheave.
+
+ A measure should be previously taken of the exact depth from the
+ bulwark to the ground. The lower end of the shores require some
+ weight, and a flat piece for a shoe secured on each, if the ground is
+ soft. On the upper end of each shore there should be a cleat on the
+ fore side and after side, for securing the lashing to the bulwark.
+
+ For small vessels, two shores on each side would be sufficient;
+ one might be under the fore, and one under the main channel. The
+ preparation of shores will be found to be a very useful one;
+ many vessels fall over on the water leaving them, and then run
+ considerable risk of filling, or not righting again.
+
+
+=402.=--GETTING AGROUND.
+
+If a vessel gets aground (the weather being moderate), first get over
+the spare topmasts on one side, and the jib-boom on the other, as
+shores abreast of the mainmast, or a little before it; secure some
+weight to the heel of each; a few shot, or a light pig of ballast will
+do for that purpose, and if the ground is soft, nail on a piece of
+plank as a shoe. Furl sails, out all boats, down topgallant yards, and
+send topgallant masts on deck; start water, and pump it out; lay out a
+bower anchor; be sure that it is so laid that the ship does not ground
+on it.
+
+Every officer should make himself well acquainted with the readiest
+mode of hanging and carrying out a bower anchor, as far as relates to
+the weight of those belonging to his own vessel, and the description of
+boats he has to use. If he cannot heave off, he must then endeavor to
+lighten the vessel by discharging part of the cargo.
+
+Before heaving off, an examination ought to be made, so as to
+ascertain, as near as possible, the extent of the injury which the
+vessel has received since aground, if the shore be rocky, that it may
+be remedied before heaving off, if possible; if the vessel has run on
+with much way, it is possible that she may not float, even if she were
+got off. In this case the lives of the passengers and crew become the
+first consideration.
+
+
+=403.=--THE BALLAST SHIFTING AT SEA.
+
+This frequently occasions losses at sea. To prevent its occurrence,
+when iron ballast is stowed, let a few oak battens be nailed from the
+sides athwart ships, to secure it; or when shingle ballast is used,
+place a light flooring over it, secured by a few battens athwart ships.
+This would most probably prevent such a calamity, which usually occurs
+when a vessel is struck by a heavy sea, or when hove on her beam ends,
+and prevents the possibility of her righting again; when the ballast
+is stowed, it ought to be secured at the same time from shifting; this
+is of great moment, and a few strong battens will do it. Also have
+shifting boards amidships, nailed to the stanchions.
+
+
+=404.=--VESSELS SURPRISED ON OPPOSITE TACKS.
+
+In cases of surprise and danger, from the accidental meeting of two
+ships on opposite tacks, in the night, it too often happens that
+officers are more apt to give orders to _the stranger_, than to take
+any measure of precaution themselves; such as hailing to put the helm
+up or down, and to clear them, when they may be as much in fault, and
+possess the same means of extricating themselves from the difficulty.
+In situations of this sort, it is much better that both parties should
+put their _helms down_ rather than _up_; the ships will approach
+each other for a time, but will diminish in velocity, and afterwards
+separate.
+
+Obstinacy, or a want of judgment in the directing parties, frequently
+leads both vessels to bear up at the same instant; consequently
+causing immediate collision. It is a universal rule with seamen, that
+where there is doubt, the vessel on the _larboard tack_ is to bear up
+or to heave about, for the vessel on the _starboard tack_; were this
+prudent _regulation_ strictly adhered to, and never violated by the
+obstinacy of parties, accidents would seldom occur; but it sometimes
+happens that incidental circumstances induce both parties to risk “a
+trial of skill,” by one endeavoring to weather the other. In these
+cases doubt and hesitation generally prevail, and _disaster_ is sure to
+follow.
+
+
+=405.=--MEETING AT SEA.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Bend on the ensign and pendant, if a private ship.
+
+Hoist the ensign and pendant, when sufficiently near, if the vessel you
+are meeting be a ship of war.
+
+In hailing, the ordinary questions commence thus;
+
+“What ship is that?”
+
+“Whence come you?”
+
+“Where are you bound?” &c., &c.
+
+
+=406.=--A HINT ON RUNNING TOO LONG.
+
+Vessels ought not to run too long, when the sea is high and breaking,
+but bring-to in time, and do so by daylight if possible.
+
+
+=407.=--A HINT ON ROUNDING-TO IN A GALE.
+
+An experienced seaman remarks, that when he wished to bring-to in a
+hard gale, when running before a heavy sea, he always watched for a
+heavy sea breaking abaft the main chains, and immediately after, he
+eased the helm down, and rounded-to at once, being previously prepared
+for doing so. In managing this way, he found he could avoid shipping a
+sea.
+
+
+=408.=--ON MAKING YOUR PORT.
+
+Never run for your port in very heavy gales, or thick weather, unless
+sure of the ship’s position.
+
+ _Note._--There are some ports, that may be entered with safety at
+ night by sailing vessels, but there are many more where it cannot be
+ attempted, without great risk of getting aground, or being wrecked.
+
+ I do not know anything to compensate for running that risk, except
+ an urgent necessity; as, when anchored, nothing can be done until
+ morning. Lay-to in preference, and carry a light at the main-stay at
+ night. Gales do not last long, and finer weather follows.
+
+ While lying-to in gales, always keep the ship steering with the helm
+ nearly “amidships,”--_never_ let it be kept “_a lee_,” as the ship
+ will not be under command without steerage-way, or be safe and easy.
+
+
+=409.=--LYING OFF, AND ON, TO ENTER A PORT.
+
+I have known so many vessels wrecked while lying-to with a topsail to
+the mast, with their head in shore, that I recommend (if it is moderate
+weather), to make short tacks, under easy sail, as then the ship’s
+place can always be kept worked up; whereas her drift while lying-to is
+uncertain. Let the tacks in shore be shorter than the ones off, to give
+the coast a good berth. It is better to be a mile further out than to
+get aground.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=410.=--TO ANCHOR AND VEER A LONG SCOPE OF CABLE.
+
+Whenever, and wherever you anchor, veer a long scope of cable _at
+once_,--never lay short unless when getting underweigh. No ship
+ought to lay at single anchor for more than a few hours. Moor with a
+whole cable each way, as soon as possible. All vessels ought to have
+_swivels_, and moor with one, to keep a clear hawse.
+
+Bend the sheet-cable, and see the anchor clear for letting go as soon
+as you have moored. In the winter, be prepared for striking lower yards
+and topmasts, if necessary.
+
+
+=411.=--PREPARATIONS FOR GOING INTO HARBOR.
+
+The paint work outside should be scrubbed, and, if the weather permit,
+freshen up where most wanted--for instance, under the bows. The masts
+should be scraped and properly stayed, the tips of studding-sail
+booms painted, and the rigging slightly touched with blacking, when
+brown or worn. The good order of the ratlines should be attended to,
+swinging-boom ladders and pendants got ready, and all the chafing-gear
+taken off. The boats’ sails and awnings should be clean and ready for
+use, the masts and oars scraped, scrubbed, or painted, as required; the
+smokesail clean, also the wind-sails. Clean hammocks may be slung, and
+neatly stowed. The cables (including the _sheet_, if it blows hard),
+should be bent in plenty of time, &c. &c. The ship’s company clean and
+in uniform--the accommodation ladder got ready, and in good order for
+shipping when at anchor.
+
+
+=412.=--CAUTIONS AT NIGHT--(LOOKOUTS).
+
+A good lookout should be kept at night. As soon as it is dark, every
+vessel should carry a light under the fore-top; this should be a rule,
+and not even left optional. If this light were carried in a lantern
+with green glass, the distinguishing light of a sailing vessel would
+be known. Steamers on the coast, bays, or harbors, usually carry
+wheel-house lights, as well as a mast-head one.
+
+[Illustration: A Sloop-of-War hove to, for a pilot.]
+
+The sea-going steamers mostly carry two horizontal lights--they are
+therefore easily distinguished. Sailing vessels on the coast ought
+always to have a light kept on deck (in a tub or bucket, for shading
+it), ready to be shown, as steamers sometimes come up astern.
+
+A musket loaded with blank cartridge is useful as a signal to call
+attention, and should be kept ready at hand.
+
+A vessel on the starboard tack should show a light at the lee-cathead.
+A vessel on the larboard tack should show a light on the weather
+cathead.
+
+
+=413.=--WHEN TWO VESSELS ARE IN COLLISION.
+
+If in a tide’s way, and in less than ten fathoms, the headmost one
+should anchor either with a stream or bower, as most convenient.
+
+If on _soundings_ from thirty to ten fathoms, the headmost vessel
+should drop a kedge-anchor.
+
+If vessels get foul of each other in deep water (should the weather be
+sufficiently moderate), get a boat ahead of the headmost and another
+astern of the sternmost, and _two_ apart in opposite ways.
+
+If a vessel anchor too close in another’s hawse, the one next ahead of
+her should send her a tow-line, with which she might pass a hawser on
+board to enable her to warp clear.
+
+
+=414.=--SQUALLS--(CAUTION).
+
+They usually give some notice by gathering up black in the horizon.
+If the darkness rises up and thins away at the bottom, it will not be
+strong; but if it still continues thick in the horizon, expect wind.
+Shorten sail before it comes. Clouds high, with hard edges, denote dry
+and strong winds. A large halo around the moon betokens high wind. Be
+guarded when clouds pass overhead--the strength of the wind is then
+very often most felt.
+
+
+=415.=--WATER SPOUTS--(CAUTION).
+
+A water-spout appears like a speaking-trumpet, with the small ends
+downwards. (It is said the concussion caused by firing guns is likely
+to disperse it.) If one should be near, and likely to break on board,
+clew-up and furl all (see the topsail clew-lines are afterwards
+belayed) batten the hatches, have scupper clear and pumps ready, and
+spar-deck ports out.
+
+
+=416.=--PRESSURE OF WATER AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS.
+
+If a ship has the flattest part of her bottom lying sixteen feet deep
+(which is often the case), the water then presses sixteen times as much
+upwards against this flat part, as it does upon any part of the same
+ship about the waters’ edge; and so on any other part, according to the
+depth. For example, suppose this ship to have four leaks, or plug holes
+of equal size, that could be driven out occasionally--the first at one
+foot under water, the second at four feet, the third at nine feet, and
+the lowest at sixteen feet, in the flat part of her bilge; that hole at
+four feet deep would leak or let in as much water again, in the same
+time, as that at one foot; and that at nine feet, three times as much;
+and that at sixteen feet, four times as much, though it run into the
+ship upwards; and so on in proportion to the square root of the height
+of the water above the leak or plug hole. Therefore leaks in ships are
+more or less dangerous, according to their depth under water.
+
+ _Note._--On first springing a leak, it will rush in faster until the
+ water inside is as high as the place where the leak is; and will pour
+ in less the higher it gets inside.
+
+
+=417.=--ON STOPPING LEAKS.
+
+If we reflect on the present mode, so constantly practiced, of
+watering, by means of a canvass hose from the shore, through the
+salt-water into the boat, we can have little doubt of the retentive
+power of canvass. When it can be at all ascertained where a leak is
+situated (provided it be not too near the keel, or too much in the
+run), if it be in any part where you can bring a sail in contact
+with it, so as to cover it, remember that a canvass hose, when once
+saturated, becomes _tolerably_ water-tight. If part of a sail of No. 1
+canvass be doubled and brought by ropes to cover the leak, though it
+may not stop it, there can be no doubt it will materially assist in
+reducing it.
+
+This canvass must be well and strongly roped and stitched together,
+and it had better not be too large; the smaller it is, (provided the
+purpose be answered), the better; as it will be less likely to be torn
+away. In placing it, the rope ought to be outwards. This double canvass
+may be placed in its position by ropes under the keel or out of the
+hawse-hole. A sail might be used for this purpose.
+
+
+=418.=--EXAMINATION OF CHAIN CABLES.
+
+The cables must be got on deck, pins and bolts driven out of the
+shackles, and well cleaned and white leaded; every link sounded with
+a hammer by the armorer, and some of the lengths transposed. Splicing
+pieces and spare shackles should be remembered at the same time, and
+treated in the same way.
+
+ _Note._--Wooden pins are frequently used in connecting the shackles,
+ not being liable to rust, and can always be taken out easy. Hickory
+ is the best wood to make them of.
+
+
+=419.=--MINUTE GUNS.
+
+If more than one ship be present, minute guns are not usually fired
+by all at the same time, as in a common salute, but one ship follows
+another, taking up the firing in succession.
+
+The interval between the firing of each two guns must of course be
+determined by the number of guns to be fired, and the time through
+which they are to be prolonged--a point which is optional, and
+sometimes extended through the day.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=420.=--HOISTING ON BOARD MONEY OR PLATE.
+
+In hoisting on board money, plate, or other valuables, a buoy and
+buoy-rope, corresponding to the depth of water, ought always to be
+attached thereto, that in case of anything giving way, or the money or
+plate going to the bottom, there may be a ready means of recovery at
+hand. For boxes of treasure, strong nets, in place of slings, are most
+useful and most safe.
+
+ _Note._--Money nets are made like a common wad-net, excepting that
+ the meshes are made smaller and the stuff larger, say of a two-inch
+ rope.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+PART VIII.
+
+
+=421.=--STOWING HAMMOCKS.
+
+Nothing adds more to the smart and favorable appearance of a vessel
+of war than a neat stowage of hammocks. The superintendants of this
+necessary duty are often at fault, forgetting that negligence in the
+performance of this service is seldom permitted to pass unnoticed.
+
+In the stowage of hammocks, the officer should stand on the opposite
+side of the deck, a position which will enable him to preserve a
+symmetrical line, and guide and direct the stower in his progress
+fore and aft the netting; they are also enjoined to be careful that
+the hammocks of the men be properly lashed up. Defaulters in this
+particular should be reported to the First Lieutenant. Seven turns at
+equal distances, is the required number of turns with a hammock-lashing.
+
+ _Note._--In piping-down hammocks, the officers are cautioned not to
+ permit the men to throw them on the deck.
+
+[Illustration: LASHING UP HAMMOCKS.]
+
+
+=422.=--COCKBILLING YARDS--(_Mourning_).
+
+The most appropriate time for cockbilling yards seems to be daylight,
+and dark the most proper time for squaring them again; the day then
+looks as if it were issued in and closed with mourning.
+
+At 8, or the hour of hoisting the colors half-mast, sway up the
+top-gallant yards, slip the lizard, parrel the yards, and cockbill them
+with the others previously reversed.
+
+To allow the lower yards to top up properly, the trusses must be
+slacked; and if the topsail sheets are of chain and go with a whip, one
+of them must be unshackled from the clew, and to assist the lift in
+topping, a burton is required.
+
+To allow the topsail yards to top up properly, they must be hoisted
+two feet or so off the caps, the parrels and braces must be slacked,
+and paunch mats taken out; if there are jaws on, slack the jaw-rope.
+Trysail and spanker gaff should be lowered well down, and swinging
+booms dropped into the water.
+
+The way of topping the yards ought to be governed by the side on
+which the top-gallant yards are sent up: for instance, if the
+main-top-gallant yard be sent up on the starboard side, the main and
+main-topsail yards should be topped to port. The squaring them, when
+topped, should be done with reference to lower yards; which, in the
+first place, are topped as high as the top rims will allow; then being
+squared by the braces, the topsail and top-gallant yards have only to
+be parallel.
+
+
+=423.=--DRESSING SHIP WITH FLAGS.
+
+Though in some particulars the following remarks on dressing with
+flags refer peculiarly to ships in general, they are applicable to all
+classes of vessels; so much so indeed, that but little variation will
+be found necessary in applying them to line-of-battle ships, and so on
+down to a schooner.
+
+One mode of dressing a ship with flags is to make an arch of them from
+the flying-jib-boom to the spanker-boom-end; another is to trice the
+flags up by the signal halliards, stopping them out to the yard-arms:
+but the best way, perhaps, is to combine these two modes, if there be
+flags enough. Hoisted to the trucks ought to be the ensign, jack, or
+the flags of the nation in whose port the ship is lying, or whom it
+is wished particularly to honor; and to give these room to display
+themselves, the rest of the flags should only be triced as high as the
+top-gallant mast-head.
+
+[Illustration: Representation of a Ship-of-War, dressed with Flags, and
+Yards manned.
+
+1 American Ensign. 2 Ottoman-Greek. 3 Norden. 4. Stralsund. 5 Greek. 6
+Brandenburg. 7 Hanover. 8 Prussia. 9 Saxony. 10 E. Morocco. 11 Maltese.
+12 Arabia. 13 Columbia. 14 Mexican. 15 Brazil. 16 Hayti. 17 Japan.
+18 Mogul. 19 Buenos Ayres. 20 Spanish. 21 Tunis. 22 St. Domingo. 23
+Old Sardinia. 24 Majorca. 25 Peru. 26 English (blue). 27 Venezuela.
+28 Chili. 29 Normandy. 30 English (white). 31 French. 32 Tripoli. 33
+Salee. 34 Old Portugal. 35 Algiers. 36 Senegal. 37 Oporto. 38 Central
+America. 39 English (red). 40 E. Russia. 41 Sandwich Islands. 42
+American Jack. 0 Commodore’s Broad Pendant. _Note._--Those which have
+no numbers affixed are the ship’s signals, or, rather, the telegraphic
+numbers.]
+
+If it be determined to combine the two modes of dressing, as mentioned
+above, that is, with up and down flags, as well as with an arch, it
+will prevent confusion and superabundance, and produce an equally
+good effect to have up and down flags at the main only; and to hoist
+them, whips or halliards should be placed for the purpose, through the
+top-gallant studding-sail halliard blocks, and taken _outside_ the
+brace blocks.
+
+The flying-jib halliards will hoist the foremost part of the
+arch, viz.: that which extends from the flying-boom-end to the
+fore-top-gallant mast-head. To the mizen-top-gallant mast-head it must
+be hoisted by a whip placed for the purpose, and hauled out to the
+gaff-end by a whip.
+
+From the gaff-end the flags composing the arch drop to the water, being
+stopped out to the boom-end, and distended under it, as well as under
+the flying-boom, by small hand-leads: there ought also to be downhauls
+on the arch; also whips with downhauls between top-gallant mast-heads.
+Care and taste are necessary in sorting and placing the flags. The
+ensigns should be in corresponding places--for instance at the lower
+yard-arms. The square flags should all be together; also cornets,
+pendants, &c., or else a square flag and cornet alternately, and so on.
+
+Bad feeling is sometimes occasioned, when foreign ships-of-war are
+assembled, by placing national colors injudiciously, in dressing ship.
+This ought to be studiously avoided. This fact has given rise to the
+practice, on “gala days,” of hoisting nothing but the national flags
+at each mast-head, or, if in honor of another nation, the flag of that
+nation at the fore.
+
+One principal beauty, however, of the manœuvre in question, is to have
+everything so prepared and foreseen, that immediately the yards are
+crossed, and decently squared, and the mast-head flags broke, all the
+others may be triced up so as to find their places readily and without
+confusion, hands previously prepared, laying-out together at the same
+time to each yard-arm, stopping the up and down flag-halliards there:
+and then at the “word,” laying-in _together_.
+
+At sunset, the best way, perhaps, is to haul the flags down just before
+sending down the top-gallant yards.
+
+
+=424.=--KEEPING THE COPPER CLEAN.
+
+The good or bad condition of the copper on a ship’s bottom above the
+water line, has a wonderful effect upon her appearance. If daubed over
+with blacking, or otherwise neglected, when possible to attend to it, a
+slovenly appearance is communicated to the outside look which a ship of
+war ought to be exempt from.
+
+One way of managing is to scrub off all spots, and rub it occasionally
+with an oily cloth, when there is leisure; and if this is constantly
+attended to, perhaps it is the best and simplest plan, although I have
+heard yachts find river mud better.
+
+Another way is to paint it with red ochre and oil, mixed to the color
+of new copper. When well and effectually done, this will preserve a
+good appearance for a long time; but the finest and calmest weather
+must be taken advantage of to lay it on, as the least ripple will wash
+all off in its way when wet.
+
+To clean the copper under the water line, seize on to a handy spar of
+sufficient length, half-a-dozen strong, coarse deck clamps, and apply
+them against the ship’s bottom from a stage, if it can be got; if not,
+from the largest boat, previously keeling the ship, by running the guns
+in on one side, and out on the other. The copper of a small vessel may
+be completely cleaned in this way.
+
+If the copper on the trysail mast, and fore and main-masts of brigs
+and schooners be attended to and kept clean, it tends very much to the
+appearance of the vessel. The most common obstacle to this is grease,
+which generates verdigris excessively, but may be easily prevented by
+attention.
+
+
+=425.=--FURLING FROM A BOWLINE.
+
+The stress of the work here being on the bunt-lines and clew-ropes, but
+few hands are required on the topsail clew-lines.
+
+
+WORDS OF COMMAND.
+
+Call--“All hands furl sails.”
+
+Man the bunt-lines and clew-lines (including the clew-ropes and head
+downhauls).
+
+“Aloft, top-men;”--stand by to furl sails.
+
+“Aloft, lower yard-men;”--haul taut--shorten sail--lay-out.
+
+Furl-away, gather up, and pass the gaskets;--lay in off the
+yards;--stand by the booms. Down booms--rig them out to the
+mark;--square the heels. Square yards, stopping up gear at the same
+time. When the yards are squared by the braces, the boatswain ought to
+hurry ahead, to square them by the lifts. At the same time haul taut
+the bow-lines, jib and staysail-halliards, and see all the clew-lines
+close up.
+
+When the yards are squared by the lifts, haul taut topsail and
+top-gallant sheets, and reef-tackles, as well as all other slack ropes,
+(heels of the studding-sail square, &c. &c.)
+
+ _Note._--The topsail and top-gallant sheets and reef-tackles ought
+ not previously to be hauled taut, because they then interfere with
+ squaring the yards by the lifts.
+
+[Illustration: Representation of a Frigate, with her Sails loose to
+dry.]
+
+ _Remarks._--The tacks and sheets are generally kept unrove in
+ harbor, and the courses hauled up by the clew-ropes one bunt-line
+ and leech-line of a side; the topsails by the bunt-lines only, led
+ through a lizard at the clews, or clew jiggers. The hauling down of
+ the headsails is much facilitated by having the halliards racked
+ and overhauled at the mast-head, and a hand there ready to cut the
+ racking, when the word is given to shorten sail.
+
+
+=426.=--HIGH AND LOW BUNTS.
+
+Low, or rolling bunts, require bunt-gaskets, and are tedious in stowing
+and securing snug--high, or French bunts, require no gaskets, but
+secure to the topsail-tye by a becket and stopped. Being larger, and
+more open abaft, the slack sail is more easily stowed in them than in
+low bunts; neither is any time or labor lost about bunt-gaskets, a
+circumstance not to be overlooked, in competing with other vessels.
+
+The look is a matter of taste; in general, however, topsail-yards are
+thought neatest, with first or second-reefed earings hauled partly out,
+but neither reef-points tied, nor bunt-gaskets on; the bunt described
+is a French bunt, being secured to the tye by a midship-becket in the
+first reef band, and the sail furled in the skin of the first reef and
+back-cloths.
+
+ _Note._--The proper place for the furling-glutt, is two-thirds of the
+ depth of first reef.
+
+
+=427.=--TO CLEAR MAST-HEADS.
+
+Clear mast-heads form a distinguishing mark of a ship-of-war. To make
+them so, the eyes of the rigging ought to be carefully placed, boused
+down a-midships by the mast, and beat down at the mast-head with a
+commander, and the shrouds set up in their places with care. The eyes
+of the stays, and the slings of the lower yards, ought also to be sent
+down over all, and nothing more should be on the lower mast-heads,
+observable to the eye.
+
+Over topmast-heads the ginn-blocks ought to go first, with a
+span lashing to the pendants, so as to take them close up to the
+trestle-trees; rigging and stays, same as lower mast-heads--standing
+parts of ties, through a score in the heel of topgallant-mast, inside
+of the trestle-trees, and taken abaft the mast-head and lashed
+together close down on top of the stays. It would be well to put a
+quarter-seizing on each side, around both stay and tye. This does away
+with the not uncommon, but slovenly practice, of hitching the standing
+part of the topsail-tye over the rigging, and expending the end, by
+heaping it up with five or six turns half-way to the cap.
+
+Opinions are divided as to whether mast-heads painted white, or
+black, look the best. This is a matter of taste; but it is a matter
+of certainty, that black shades and conceals, while white tends to
+display, what a seaman is proud of, the neatness and good order of his
+rigging, which should not be concealed by a white canvass mast-coat.
+
+The neatest mast-heads I ever saw were painted white, with the upper
+half of the top-rims and lower-half of the caps of the same color;
+the lower half of the top rims, and the upper half of the caps, being
+black; thus the large space of white was terminated and relieved
+above and below, by a neat, small, but distinct line of black. The
+topmast cross-trees, topmast-heads, and lower halves of topmast-caps
+were also white; upper half of caps black. Topmasts scraped close
+up to the cross-trees, the eyes of the topgallant and royal rigging
+covered with canvass, in place of service, and painted black--no paint
+above topmast-head caps, nor outside of the bowsprit-cap. With clear
+mast-heads, ought to be combined neat tops, wherein the ropes are
+flemished, and kept low and snug.
+
+
+=428.=--PLACING BELAYING-CLEATS IN TOPS.
+
+If the belaying-cleats for studding-sail tacks and halliards,
+topgallant and royal lifts, and royal sheets, are placed on the
+cross-pieces, or carlines of tops, and not on the shrouds or
+mast-heads, the rigging there will look much neater.
+
+
+=429.=--MAKING SWABS.
+
+Old rope, called junk, is unlaid into yarns. Make a grommet with a good
+strand; then take some of the yarns of the junk, take the twist or lay
+well out, and middle them in the grommet, and continue to fill up (to
+the size required), close to the grommet; clap on a good seizing of
+spun-yarn, and then, if wished, _snake it_; sometimes the handle, or
+grommet, is made by splicing both ends together, the splice laying in
+the head of the swab. In making the grommet, the ends of the strands
+should not be cut off, but seized-in with the rest of the swab.
+
+
+=430.=--STOWAGE OF SWABS.
+
+Swabs in the head are an eye-sore; attention should be directed to the
+contrivance of some other stow-hole for them, to which they should be
+rigorously confined, except when in use.
+
+
+=431.=--JUNK.
+
+Junk is supplied for the purpose of working up into various uses--such
+as into swabs, spun-yarn, knittle-stuff, lacings, seizings, earings,
+gaskets, &c., &c.,--all of which the supply in proper kind is generally
+inadequate. Good junk is got out of such materials as condemned
+cables--they having been necessarily made of the best stuff, and
+condemned before being much injured. Old messengers, old rigging, &c.,
+make bad junk, not being condemned generally until much worn.
+
+Of the worst junk swabs and spun-yarn should be made; of the best,
+knittle and seizing-stuff, lacings, earings, &c. The seizing-stuff is
+intended for blocks, ratlines, &c.; the knittle stuff for making mats,
+as well as lacings and earings, for studding-sails, boats’ sails, &c.,
+and the spun-yarn for fitting and refitting. A surplus stock of all
+these ought constantly to be at hand, in store, for the purpose of
+refitting or replacing anything that may happen to be carried away,
+without loss of time. In order to effect this, the watch on deck, or
+part of them, ought to be constantly at work about the junk, when
+circumstances permit, drawing, knotting, and balling of yarns, and
+assisting the ropemaker in laying up the above mentioned small stuff,
+either till the junk is exhausted, or till there is an ample stock on
+hand.
+
+Large junk, such as lengths of cables, should be unlaid before being
+put below, that it may admit of being snugly stowed.
+
+
+=432.=--MAKING MATS, AND CHAFING GEAR.
+
+The breadth of mats for lanyards of rigging, is determined by the size
+of the dead-eye, which the mat ought nearly to cover; the length by
+the distance from the upper to the lower dead-eye. For lacing, small
+beckets should be worked in each corner and side. The mats on the
+foremost swifters of the lower rigging and backstays, should be longer
+than the others, on account of the foot and clew of the courses, when
+reefed and hauled aft, grinding against them high up; or shifting mats
+for that especial purpose should be kept, to put on at sea and take
+off in harbor. Thrum-mats are required for the paunch of lower topsail
+and topgallant yards, to prevent chafing. Those that follow are only
+required at sea; so that for neatness and economy, they may always be
+taken off when going into harbor.
+
+To take the chafe off the rigging, when the lower yards are braced up,
+a large square hanging mat is required, thrummed on each side of the
+futtock-shrouds. This has a lanyard in each corner, and is clapped on
+thereby, with the upper half on the foremost futtock-shrouds, the lower
+half on the foremost swifters; the middle part being in a line with the
+catharpens.
+
+On each side of the bunts of the courses, before all, a thrum-mat
+is requisite, to prevent the head of the sail chafing against the
+stay where they come in contact, when the yards are braced up. A
+breeches-mat is also required on the stay itself, for the same purpose.
+Small, square, neat mats, in the way of leech-lines, on each side, are
+also necessary, to prevent chafing.
+
+To prevent the topsail yards, when braced up, from chafing the foremost
+shrouds of the topmast rigging, a quarter mat abaft the yards on each
+side, is required.
+
+A thrum-mat is necessary on the horn of each foremast cross-tree, to
+prevent their wearing holes in the topgallant sails.
+
+For the backstays, in the wake of the lower yards, when braced up, mats
+or platting, or some such substitute, is necessary as a protection.
+Merchant vessels use _Scotsmen_ [slips of wood so called]; but for
+ships of war, I think leather, snugly stitched and kept on in harbor,
+as well as at sea, is the best.
+
+In a brig, the boom-mainsail will sometimes have a hole fretted in
+it, by chafing against the quarter boat’s stanchions, or the belaying
+cleats there; these ought therefore to be protected by mats.
+
+
+=433.=--GASKETS.
+
+There is a great risk of gaskets marking and spoiling the looks of the
+sails, if not thoroughly dried before being used.
+
+The number of sea-gaskets must depend upon the size of the ship; the
+smallest, however, such as a schooner or brig, requiring four for each
+side of lower yards, and the same for topsail yards. For topgallant and
+royal yards, half the number is enough; for boom mainsail, six; for jib
+and flying-jib, five each.
+
+Harbor-gaskets answer best with one end tapered and the other worked
+with an eye. By reeving and unreeving the tapered end through the eye,
+and round the jackstay, they are then easily put on or taken off. Their
+length ought to be sufficient for a round turn round the sail and
+yard, with enough of end to tack in and secure between the sail and
+round turn abaft, or rather, on upper quarter abaft. Their breadth is
+a matter of fancy, but broad ones are generally preferred. They should
+be carefully placed upon the yards, as nearly as possible, at equal
+distances.
+
+ _Note._--If any long gaskets are used, half the number is sufficient.
+
+
+=434.=--SCRAPING AND GREASING MASTS.
+
+When the blacking of the rigging is dry, the masts ought to be scraped
+and cleaned, then greased. For the men to stand upon when scraping
+the lower masts, rig triangles of capstan bars, with whips to the
+mast-heads; for hoisting and lowering, with the topmasts, handspikes
+answer instead of capstan bars, and the royal and topgallant masts may
+be managed from a bowline in the end of a girt-line, or a span from
+shroud to shroud.
+
+To prevent spotting the deck, the deck-cloths ought to be spread, and
+some hands kept constantly sweeping up the shavings.
+
+The topgallant and royal yard-arms should not be neglected. The
+studding-sail booms, except when new, ought to have the least possible
+shaving taken off them by a carpenter, and then varnished. This does
+not injure them more than scraping, and keeps them infinitely smoother.
+
+Before laying on the grease, the captains of the tops, &c., should
+report that everything is scraped and ready, and the boatswain should
+examine.
+
+ _Note._--It is customary in some ships first to scrape masts, then
+ tar down the rigging, and lastly paint; but there is objections to
+ this, as the men are liable to daub the masts when tarring down, and
+ they would have to be done over again.
+
+ Studding-sail booms should never be greased, as they are liable to
+ daub the sail.
+
+
+=435.=--MANNING YARDS.
+
+If previously aware that the yards are to be manned in the course of
+the day, clap on life-lines instantly; the topgallant and royal yards
+are crossed in the morning, the hands laying out and in together; then
+square yards.
+
+Fewer men being required for manning yards than furling sails, those
+required for the former may be easily sized and _selected_ from among
+the latter, keeping them always on their respective yards--the tallest
+outside.
+
+The yard-arm men extend their outside arms straight, holding on by the
+studding-sail halliards, whilst they clap their inner arms over the
+life-lines, holding it fast under the arm-pit; the next man in the same
+way extends his outer arm, and grapples the shoulder of the yard-arm
+man; then passes his inner arm over the life-line, clasping it under
+his arm-pit, and so on to the bunt.
+
+The appearance of the boat, at whatever distance it may be, is the
+customary signal for manning yards; yet it would be at times a
+preferable rule to endeavor to judge of the distance, and act so that
+the men may not be more than ten minutes or a quarter of an hour aloft.
+
+The men on the yards ought to face the boat; that is, when the boat is
+abaft the beam, they ought to face aft; when before the beam, forward:
+but in a ship, when the commodore[36] ascends the side, the hand on the
+cross-jack and mizen-topsail yards ought to face forward--all others as
+before, aft.
+
+ [36] Or the personage whom it is intended to honor.
+
+
+=436.=--MAN ROPES--(SIDE).
+
+If side or man-ropes be covered with canvass or baize, the stitches
+should be taken through the strands of the rope, to prevent the
+covering getting out of its place, and puckering; and to take the chafe
+or nip in the wake of the eye-bolt, through which they reeve, a small
+bit of leather should be neatly stitched on.
+
+The handsomest and most durable man-ropes are those entirely pointed
+over with neat, small line. The job is a tedious one, but worth the
+expense and trouble.
+
+
+=437.=--SPARE DEAD-EYES.
+
+A good plan for spare dead-eyes of rigging is to have them in two
+pieces, and with small bolts fixing them together, so that in the event
+of carrying one away, it can be easily replaced, without having to take
+chain, plate and all to a smiths’ shop.
+
+
+=438.=--HIDE ROPE.
+
+Where there is much and continued friction, or a short nip, hide rope
+is found to have great advantage over hemp; some say thirty per cent.
+Thus it is good for wheel-ropes, whip for hatchway, topsail-ties,
+trusses, topgallant and royal sheets and yard ropes, parrels,
+jib-pendants, lacings, reef-pendants and lashing, studding-sail tacks
+and halliards.
+
+For preservation above deck, hide rope should have a coating of two
+parts of grease and one of tar; below deck, a coat of neats’ foot oil.
+When not wanted, such as wheel-ropes in harbor, it should be kept under
+cover.
+
+ _Note._--Hide rope is now allowed by regulation for tailing all
+ sheets, also for ties, truss, pendants, &c., &c. (_See rigging
+ table._)
+
+
+=439.=--HAWSE-HOLE WINDSAIL.
+
+A windsail to carry the great draught of the hawse-holes down into the
+holds, &c., is a very useful thing, though not common.
+
+
+=440.=--FIGHTING-LADDERS.
+
+Some ships have fighting ladders of rope always set up, ready, and the
+wooden ones for common use placed against them.
+
+ _Note._--Iron Jacob’s-ladders fitted amidships in hatchways are very
+ useful in the morning when washing decks, or at quarters, when the
+ wooden ladders are unshipped.
+
+
+=441.=--HAWSE BUCKLERS.
+
+Bucklers are of two sorts; half-bucklers, shipped when the cables are
+bent, and blind-bucklers when they are unbent. The object of the first
+is to prevent shipping water through the hawse-holes, while the cables
+are bent, and are put on, after filling with shakings the hawse-hole
+through which the cable runs; they are secured by upright, iron bars,
+slipping on and off upon grooves above and below.
+
+Blind-bucklers are put on after a plug (called hawse-plug, of the size
+of the hawse-hole) has been thrust in. They are secured the same way as
+the half-bucklers.
+
+When the cables are ordered to be clear for running, the half-bucklers
+should be unshipped.
+
+ _Note._--Half-bucklers are made with a score to fit the cable.
+
+
+=442.=--MAKING FAST A WARP TO A VESSEL.
+
+The best place for making a warp fast to, is the bitts, after passing
+through the spare hawse-hole: _there_ it will not interfere with the
+side or paint work; is perfectly clear, quite secure, and ready to let
+go in an instant. If made fast to the cables, which is next best, it is
+more difficult to let go.
+
+
+=443.=--FITTING QUARTER BOATS’ GRIPES.
+
+Boats’ gripes are made with spun-yarn or small rope, as a sword-mat:
+one end is secured round the davit-head, the other, when the boat is
+up, passed under her bottom, and secured in the _chains_ with a lashing.
+
+
+=444.=--FITTING GIGS’ SLINGS.
+
+Gigs’ slings are made as sword mats. When sufficient is made to take
+the boat’s bottom and clear the gunwales, the spun-yarn, or rope
+between each part, is fitted as a stopper or selvagee, parceled and
+served over, and a thimble seized in the bight, which the tackles hook
+to. The stretches, made of wood, are put between both parts of the
+slings, long enough to keep them two or three inches off the gunwale.
+
+For the span, measure the length from the after ring-bolts to the
+slings; when in their place, leave six inches for splicing, and cut the
+rope; measure from the after-slings to the fore ones, leaving about six
+inches and cut; measure from the fore-slings to the ring-bolt in the
+stern and cut; splice a hook and thimble in the ends, the other ends
+splice together, forming two cut splices, large enough to go over the
+thimbles in the slings, and seize them in their place.
+
+ _Note._--Some prefer artificial eyes worked in the ends of the
+ slings, to go over the end of the stretcher; this is not so safe.
+
+
+=445.=--SCRUBBING A BOAT’S BOTTOM, ON LEAVING HARBOR.
+
+It frequently happens in preparing for sea, a large boat’s bottom,
+such as a launch, or any other boom boat, requires cleaning, and there
+happens to be no place at hand to haul her up on shore, in preference
+to hoisting her up and doing it aboard, and causing a great _muss_ on
+deck; hoist her out of the water by the cat, and another tackle to the
+bowsprit, and scrub her bottom from another boat (or catamaran).
+
+
+=446.=--CARRYING LIGHT BOATS ON LAND.
+
+The best way to cary a boat, is to upset her, and let the men, with
+their jackets on their shoulders, (or some such protection against the
+sharp pressure of the gunwale,) stand under and take the gunwales on
+each side on their shoulders; some hands may also be advantageously
+placed in amidships under the thwarts.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=447.=--MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ON WORKING BOATS.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+If a boat be crank, or if it be wished in working to windward to
+accelerate speed, all hands should sit down in the bottom of the boat.
+If in haste, working to windward, pull the weather oars.
+
+A boat with only one sail, such as a lug, should never attempt beating
+to windward, except when necessary to give the crew a spell.
+
+Let no one ever sit on the gunwale, but accustom the crew to sit in
+their places, and to make and shorten sail without stirring from their
+seats. Besides the due execution of this manœuvre, the safety of the
+boat is much implicated in the degree of attention paid to this rule.
+
+In taking in a lug sail, lower the halliards and haul down on the
+weather-leach.
+
+ _Note._--Keep boats out of the water as much as possible.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=448.=--DUTIES OF BOATS’ CREWS.
+
+[Illustration: A SHIP OF WAR’S LAUNCH.]
+
+Nothing sooner indicates the order and discipline of a vessel of war,
+than the clean state and efficient condition of the boats, together
+with the personal appearance of their crews. In this particular,
+sufficient care is not always observed in the service; in well
+regulated ships, the coxswains are compelled to report to the senior
+lieutenant the state of their respective boats, and in the morning to
+ascertain from the officer of the boat, the manner he may require the
+crews to be dressed for the day &c., &c.
+
+
+=449.=--BOATS GOING ON DISTANT SERVICE.
+
+Memoranda of articles required for distant service--viz.: spyglass,
+compass, pencil and paper, chart, watch, lead and line, tinder-box,
+grapnel and rope, stern-fast, hammer, nails, spike for guns, spare
+rope, (size of boat’s gear,) spare tiller, spare oars, blue-lights,
+lanterns and candles, casks or kegs for water, arm-chest, flints,
+turn-screw, towing-nets, pea-coats, muffling for oars, fishing-lines,
+iron pot, fuel, each man a knife, an axe, a maul, a crowbar, needles,
+twine, colors, rations for the boat’s crew at discretion.
+
+
+=450.=--BOATS UNDER SAIL.
+
+[Illustration: A SHIP OF WAR’S CUTTER.]
+
+Care should be taken that the halliards be coiled up clear for running,
+that the sheets be not belayed, and that the crew, in shortening sail
+to a squall, do not shift their seats, or, as is too common a custom,
+stand upon the thwarts to gather in the shaking sail; in lowering a
+lug, or lateen sail, haul down alone on the luff, (the fore-leech;) the
+after one better be left untouched.
+
+Coxswains should also be cautioned of the danger of letting go the
+helm. This is often inadvertently done wrong--sometimes to secure the
+heel of the bumkin, or to get a pull of the main or mizen-sheet. By
+this thoughtless practice, boats are liable to fly up in the wind, the
+sails to be taken aback, be difficult to lower, and eventually to cant
+over and capsize to windward.
+
+
+=451.=--GIVING A ROPE TO A BOAT.
+
+When a boat from a lee-tide, or running-sea, requires from the ship the
+aid of a rope, care must be taken that the tow-line be passed as far
+forward as possible. The position of the fore-channels is too far aft,
+and causes too short a scope. The tow-line should be passed from the
+cat-head, with a slip-rope to the crown of the spare or sheet-anchor,
+which, if slacked when the bowman secures the tow-line, the boat will
+ride with a good scope, and with comparative ease.
+
+ _Caution._--The tow-line should never be made fast to the ring in
+ the bow of the boat; it should be passed through the ring by way of
+ a fair-leader, and eventually secured to the bottom of the boat or
+ thwart.
+
+ _Mooring boats._--Boats are best moored at the guess-swarp-boom. In
+ this position they ride under the eye of the officer of the deck, and
+ are less liable to be damaged than when secured alongside, or moored
+ astern.
+
+ Boat-keepers, unless especially called to assist in the execution of
+ urgent or heavy service, should never be permitted to leave their
+ boats.
+
+
+=452.=--CROSSING A BAR WITH SURF, IN BOATS.
+
+As a boat will not rise over surf as over an unbroken wave, but on the
+contrary, the surf boils over and into the boat, the less surface there
+is presented, and the higher it is out of the water, the better. For
+this reason a boat ought to be kept stem on, or right before it, when
+the heaviest waves approach, waiting till they are past, to pursue her
+way edgeways across the bar.
+
+_Stem on_ is the safest, the smallest surface and the strongest and
+highest part of the boat being in that way presented to the surf,
+while the rudder and oars possess sufficient power to maintain the
+position assumed. Right before it has the disadvantage of lowness of
+stern, which makes pooping more likely than taking water over the
+bows--protracted exposure to the wave, (for you must go along with it,)
+and the tendency to gripe and broach-to, which from the rudder being
+lifted and left out of the water, and rendered useless as soon as the
+broken wave passes it, is often irresistible and fatal, and can only
+be counteracted by the skill and steadiness of the crew, in steering
+the boat by their oars until the rudder comes again into play. If a
+boat broaches-to in these circumstances, she will most likely fill, and
+instantly upset, in which case, I believe the best plan is to cling to
+the boat (or some of her gear), and endeavor to right her again, if
+possible.
+
+
+=453.=--HAULING UP BOATS.
+
+A gig’s crew may haul up their boat, but for all other boats, it
+requires at least double the number of their crews, assisted by rollers
+and tackles.
+
+A line-of-battle-ship’s launch may be hauled up by five-and-forty
+hands, in the following manner: run her bow on to the beach, and let a
+few hands on each quarter keep her in that position, by setting their
+oars against the ground; next sweep her with a hawser, and guy it up at
+the stern to a proper height by several turns of the painter; to this
+hawser hook on the double block of a long tackle, the other end, or
+single block being overhauled to a proper length, and made fast as most
+convenient.
+
+Pass the bight of another hawser round the stern post, and having guyed
+it up on each side to the main thwart, there hook on, on each side, a
+quarter tackle also, overhauled to a proper length, and hooked on at
+the other end, as most convenient; man these with the remaining hands:
+then having placed rollers in succession to take the boat’s fore-foot
+and keel, proceed to haul away. When up, the loose thwarts set against
+the ground and wash streak will keep her upright. Smaller boats do
+not require quarter tackles; a few hands on the quarters to keep them
+upright, answer the purpose. Heavy boats especially should not be
+turned bottom up, it strains them so much. The loose thwarts might be
+placed for the rollers to roll on, if the ground is soft.
+
+
+=454.=--LOWERING BOATS.
+
+On lowering boats from the quarter or stern, care must be taken
+that the moment the boat touches the water, the _after_ tackles be
+quickly unhooked from the slings or ring bolts. If in a tide’s way
+the precaution be not observed, the probability is, the boat will
+immediately fill, and the men in the boat be exposed to imminent peril.
+
+
+=455.=--TURNING UP THE HANDS.
+
+In calling up the hands, or calling the crew to the performance of
+their duties, the boatswain too often indulges in piercing pipes,
+and drawling tones of superfluous length. Boatswains have a singular
+propensity to demonstrate the soundness of their lungs, by an endless
+protraction of a note on their piercing pipes. They should not be
+so fond of supplying the place of sea birds. This is not the worst
+feature in their taste; for when at last they utter the required
+summons, they give it forth in tones so drawling, that the first words
+are often forgotten before the last are out.
+
+ _Note._--A-l-l h-a-n-d-s a-b-o-u-t-s-h-i-p.--This lengthy summons,
+ and a longer-winded whistle, and each pipe and phrase three times
+ repeated by the boatswain and his mates, the ship may be ashore
+ before the leader of the band is convinced how _dearly he has paid
+ for his whistle_.
+
+
+=456.=--INSPECTION OF RIGGING--MORNING AND EVENING.
+
+In the morning the boatswain will be required to inspect as early as
+possible the state and condition of the standing and running rigging,
+and to report the result of his examination to the officer of the
+morning watch. He should be particularly careful to see that the
+ratlines of the rigging are properly secure; that the topsail sheet
+service is not chafed, and that all the quarter and paunch mats are
+properly placed.
+
+ _Evening._--The boatswain should inspect at evening quarters all the
+ rigging, stoppers and necessary gear required upon the occasion of
+ clearing for action; so that in the event of being surprised by an
+ enemy at night, such gear may be placed at hand for immediate use.
+ He should also see that the toggles fitted to the lower and topsail
+ braces, be securely seized to their respective parts.
+
+
+=457.=--INSPECTION OF STOWED ANCHORS--(AT SEA)
+
+In boisterous weather, and particularly if the ship be laboring or
+lurching heavily, the boatswain should inspect the several anchors, and
+see that they are securely stowed. In small vessels, where anchors,
+in a heavy sea, are constantly buried under water, it is necessary to
+take the precaution of passing preventer stocks and shank lashings. The
+quarter boats should also be inspected, and the boatswain should report
+to the officer of the watch the result of such inspection.
+
+
+=458.=--INSPECTION OF BOATS--(AT SEA).
+
+Every evening after sunset, the boatswain will be required to inspect
+the boats on the booms, to see that they be perfectly clear, and that
+their sling-spans be severally hooked for hoisting out. In tropical
+climates it is strongly recommended to uncover the boats after the sun
+has set, in order that they may benefit by the dew and air. Each cover
+should be made up and placed in the bow of the boat.
+
+
+=459.=--GAMMONING THE BOWSPRIT.
+
+The better way to gammon the bowsprit in a large ship, is to get a
+caulker’s stage under the bows, fore and aft, under the bowsprit;
+secure one end snug to the stern, then get a stout tackle from the
+extreme end of the bowsprit; overhaul down and sling the outer end of
+the stage; hook on your tackle to the slings, lead your fall down on
+the stage; send the men down, and bouse well taut, so as to get the
+weight of the stage as much as possible on the bowsprit. Now your stage
+being secured, you can proceed to gammon your bowsprit.
+
+Get two stout luff-tackles on the stage and voil block; then get a span
+around the inner end of the stage to hook your voil block to; having
+your voil hooked, clinch your gammoning round your bowsprit with a
+running clinch or a running eye; jam your turn well round the bowsprit,
+then reeve down through the gammoning hole up over the bowsprit, then
+pass your end down through the scuttle on to the stage; reeve it
+through the voil blocks on the stage; clap on your luffs, and bouse
+away, leading your fall fore and aft the stage.
+
+ _Note._--Leading your fall in this way has a tendency to lift up
+ the inner end of the stage, and of course your pulling down, and
+ the weight of the stage on the gammoning, must certainly bring the
+ bowsprit snug down in its bed, and set your gammoning up very taut.
+ Having got your first turn taut, rack it well; pass another, and so
+ on until you fill up your gammoning hole, jamming your last turn
+ under all parts of the gammoning on the opposite side of the bowsprit
+ from the way you have passed your gammoning.
+
+ When you are setting up your gammoning, two men ought to attend with
+ commanders, to beat it solid round the bowsprit.
+
+ When they are setting up, some people use a great deal of tar and
+ slush on gammoning, but the less the better. A piece of good leather
+ under your gammoning is much better than tarred parceling; and when
+ your gammoning is passed, turn your leather over aft and nail it
+ down to the bowsprit. Your gammoning ought to be strapped with large
+ strands in the room of rope, it being much softer and better to the
+ gammoning, and all well covered to protect it from the weather. If
+ you use parceling, let it be dry and new, with a coat of tar over all
+ when completed.
+
+
+=460.=--PRECAUTION IN REEVING RUNNING-RIGGING.
+
+In reeving running-rigging, the boatswain is recommended not to cut and
+reeve, but on the contrary, to reeve and cut.
+
+However correct the rigging list may appear, there will be always found
+a difference of a few fathoms in rope; and it so happens that the
+difference is _invariably_ on the wrong side, the allowance being said
+to be shorter than the measurement per rope.
+
+ _Note._--It were much to be desired that the running-rigging,
+ previous to reeving, should be stretched to the capstan. The old
+ practice of taking the end through the coil will in some measure
+ relieve the rope of many of its kinks, but taking the mere turns
+ out of a rope is not sufficient to facilitate its run through the
+ blocks. Such ropes as topsail-sheets, topgallant-sheets and braces,
+ and jib and staysail-halliards, should be all stretched before they
+ are rove in their respective blocks. Moreover, if there be any time
+ more than another that a vessel will require her ropes to run freely,
+ it is upon the occasion of her first leaving port, with a green and
+ undisciplined crew.
+
+
+=461.=--TOPSAIL TYES.
+
+Topsail tyes are now rove in some ships sufficiently long to send the
+yards down with, and when not wanted for that purpose, the surplus ends
+pertaining to the standing parts secured to the mast-head.
+
+In some ships a strop and thimble are fitted under the rigging,
+or a score cut in the heel of the topgallant-mast for the purpose
+of reeving through the standing part of the tye, which is secured
+breeching-fashion with two strong seizings, and then stopped down the
+topmast rigging.
+
+In shifting yards, this method will be found to save much time and
+trouble; the surplus end will also answer to sling the topsail-yard
+with, when going into action.
+
+
+=462.=--PRECAUTION IN BLACKING THE RIGGING.
+
+In blacking the rigging, the first precaution that should be taken by
+the boatswain, is to cover with old canvass, or hammocks, the lower
+mast-heads, and particularly the caps. The blacking should be put on
+hot. Thin tar, with a certain portion of lamp-black, hot salt-water,
+whisky, and a little litharge mixed together, make an admirable mixture
+for blacking the rigging.
+
+It is not recommended to blacken the royal and topgallant rigging
+aloft; this rigging may be previously blackened and triced up to dry.
+
+
+=463.=--FORE AND MAIN BUNTLINES.
+
+The buntlines of the courses are frequently found to jam aloft,
+and when rove on the bight, and led forward, constantly to become
+cable-laid. Buntlines will be found to lead fairer, and to haul the
+sails higher up, by fitting them after the following method.
+
+In the fore part of the top between the trestle-trees, cut two holes;
+into these holes insert leaden pipes, backstay-fall fashion; hook to
+the foremost bolt, on each side of the lower cap, a block, through
+which each buntline-leg is to be rove; take each through the holes cut
+in the top, and pass them down before all, and toggle them to the foot
+of the sail, the hauling part to lead aft through the lubber’s hole,
+and a block turned in at a proper distance, to allow the after leg to
+act the part of a pendant.
+
+Through this block a whip purchase is rove; by this method the
+buntlines will be always kept clear, and they will be found, on letting
+go the whips, to overhaul themselves. In port, when the ship is moored,
+the buntline-blocks, with the ropes rove, may be unhooked from the
+bolts in the cap, and placed in the top, immediately over the holes
+through which the foremost legs are rove in, and can be hooked in a
+moment, when wanted.
+
+
+=464.=--TOPGALLANT MAST ROPES.
+
+For expedition the mast-rope rove upon the bight, with lizards taken
+through the royal sheave, must be preferred to the old method of
+fidding masts, by the double operation of two mast ropes, namely the
+long and the short. If delay is desired, or in other words, people
+prefer going the longest way to work, the short mast-rope must be put
+in requisition. The mast rope, however, rove upon the bight with
+lizards, is better calculated for harbor practice than for sea service.
+The mast rope which is here recommended is applicable to every purpose,
+may be fitted as follows: The rope is rove as usual, stopped to the
+topgallant mast-head, and royal sheave-hole, leaving a long end over
+the upper stop to hitch to the bolt in the cap before cutting the stops.
+
+To prevent the ropes from slipping, rack both parts together above the
+sheave-hole in the heel of the mast.
+
+
+=465.=--FUTTOCK SHROUDS.
+
+In all vessels of war, futtock shrouds are too long. Ships whose lower
+yards are slung high, and braced sharply up, have their futtock shrouds
+considerably shorter than the established length.
+
+
+=466.=--TOPS AND HALF TOPS.
+
+Many seamen affect to disapprove of half tops, asserting that two
+halves can never be so well secured as the whole. This is mere
+prejudice; for practical purposes a half top must be always preferred,
+especially in large ships.
+
+
+=467.=--STRIKING OR HOUSING TOPMASTS.
+
+The absence of forethought, or a little practical precaution on the
+part of the boatswain and petty officers, is sometimes the cause of
+this operation being one of no little labor. When the hands are turned
+up, strike topmasts. The lanyards of the after rigging, back-stays
+and topmast-rigging should be severally slacked, whilst the jib-stay,
+fore-topmast-staysail-halliards, topsail-halliards, topsail lifts,
+reef-tackles and topgallant-sheets ought to be well overhauled. Steady
+hands should be placed to attend the spring and standing-stays.
+
+When blowing hard, head-to-wind, topmasts constantly bend in the cap,
+from the circumstance of letting go and overhauling too much of the
+stays.
+
+Should there be any unusual strain on the top-tackle-pendants, it is
+well to “stand-fast” the falls for a few seconds, in order that the
+people aloft may examine the vicinity of the trestle-trees; and the
+mast may produce sufficient strain to carry away the top-tackle-falls,
+if not the pendants. This precaution is most particularly directed
+during periods of striking topmasts in the dark.
+
+When the masts are struck, they should be kept on the right slue, and
+their heels securely lashed, in the event of the ship parting, or it
+becomes necessary to set close-reefed-topsails, with the mast down.
+The practice of sheep-shanking back-stays is not recommended; the
+back-stays may be set up through the medium of good luff-tackles, and
+by such means the mast may be rendered sufficiently secure to support
+the strain of a close-reefed-topsail.
+
+
+=468.=--SWAYING UP TOPMASTS.
+
+In performing this heavy operation, every care should be taken to
+overhaul well, and to see that such of the standing and running-rigging
+are perfectly clear, which are calculated to impede the ascent of the
+masts.
+
+The topsail-lifts, topsail-tyes, reef-tackles, jib and
+staysail-halliards should be well overhauled below and aloft, and
+the lanyards of the topmast-rigging and back-stays be got ready for
+setting up, the moment the mast is fidded and stayed. The forecastle
+men should have luffs led along the bowsprit, and tackles up and down
+the foremast ready for staying the fore and main-topmasts. No topmast
+should be fidded by a single top-tackle-pendant. It is true that
+small vessels are not allowed a second pendant, but such ships should
+reeve a hawser through the dead sheave for the purpose of acting the
+part of a preventer, in the event of the top-tackle-fall parting. The
+same precaution should be taken with respect to the position of the
+cross-trees overhead as has been already mentioned under the head of
+rigging topmasts.
+
+ _Note._--Such ships should be prepared with stoppers, with two tails
+ and a toggle, so as to clap on the top-tackle-pendants about a foot
+ abaft, and under the top-block hooked to the cap.
+
+ Topmasts ascend comparatively easy until the fid-hole comes within
+ six inches of the trestle-trees; then a heavy strain is brought upon
+ the pendants, particularly upon the falls.
+
+
+=469.=--UNMOORING.
+
+It frequently occurs in unmooring vessels of war that the veering-cable
+is not sufficiently veered. In weighing the first anchor, a
+considerable strain has been felt at the capstan, in consequence of
+the ship not being permitted to bring the cable up and down. It is
+recommended to veer three or four fathoms after the cable is said to
+be up and down. This can do no harm; it will put the whole strain of
+the ship on the anchor; that is, in weighing, and thereby facilitate
+tripping it.
+
+
+=470.=--REEF LINES TO THE TOPSAILS.
+
+Few ships in the service are fitted with these lines. In some ships
+they are attached. In reefing topsails, when blowing fresh and
+particularly when steering a course, or going large, reef-lines assist
+materially to spill the sail and enable the men on the yards to get
+hold of the points, which are difficult to reach when the canvass is
+bellying to the breeze.
+
+Reef-lines are thus fitted:--Take a piece of small rope, splice one
+end into an eyelet-hole in the head of the sail, seize it around the
+neck of one of the first reef-points, on the foreside of the sail, in
+a straight line with the eyelet-hole, leaving enough slack to prevent
+the sail girting; then seize it under to the second, then the third
+reef; splice an eye in the end and seize it to the neck of a close-reef
+point. In large ships there should be three reef-lines on each
+yard-arm; in small vessels two will be sufficient.
+
+
+=471.=--REEFING COURSES.
+
+To execute this service with security as well as with celerity, the
+reef-earings should be formed of rope sufficiently strong to bear being
+boused out by the boom-jiggers; by this method the inner turns of small
+rope may be passed with facility.
+
+The outer earing should be led through a block or cheek, fitted for the
+purpose; this earing, it must be remembered, is not to be considered as
+a substitute for the reef-pendant; it should also be hooked and hauled
+out by a separate tackle. It is the general custom now, to fit all
+reef-earings on the bight, and pass on both ends.
+
+
+=472.=-- TOPGALLANT-MASTS STRUCK.
+
+When topgallant-masts are struck, care should be taken that a small
+mat be placed between the topmast and the heel of the topgallant-mast;
+proper heel lashings should also be fitted for the purpose of securing
+the latter.
+
+
+=473.=--HAILING ALOFT.
+
+Hailing aloft, in well regulated ships, is much repressed by the
+boatswain; for bluster is a general indication of but little work, or
+the truth of the adage, “_All noise and no work._”
+
+
+=474.=--PROPORTIONS FOR CABLES--(_Hemp_).
+
+The sheet and bower-cable, one inch in circumference for every two feet
+of beam. The stream-cable and messenger, two-thirds of the sheet or
+bower chain-cables, which are used for bowers; an allowance is made of
+one eighth of an inch for the diameter of the wire of the links, for
+every inch of circumference of the hemp-cables. The same rule applies
+in all cases where iron rigging is substituted for hemp.
+
+ _Note._--Cable-yarns are spun two-fifths longer than the cable for
+ which they are intended. The yarns for one hundred and twenty fathoms
+ of cable, must be two hundred fathoms long; for a shroud-laid rope
+ the yarns are one-third longer--_i. e._, ninety for sixty fathoms.
+ (_See table of cables._)
+
+
+=475.=--PROPORTIONS FOR ANCHORS.
+
+For the sheet and bower-anchors, take two-thirds the number of feet
+which the ship draws with all her stores, &c., on board, and add it to
+the breadth of beam, allowing one hundred-weight for every foot. The
+stream-anchor one third of the sheet or bower.
+
+For ships smaller than frigates, an allowance of five hundred
+weight for every hundred tons burthen, should be made for sheet and
+bower-anchors.
+
+In stocking an anchor, add together the length of the shank, and half
+the round of the ring, for the length of the stock. The stock is as
+many inches in thickness in the middle, as the shank is long in feet,
+and is tapered to half the size at the end. In puddening an anchor
+ring, cut the lengths three times the round of the ring.
+
+ _Note._--This anchor is for hemp-cables; if for chain-cables, the
+ length of shank may be reduced one fourth, but not in weight. (_See
+ allowance table._)
+
+
+=476.=--WHAT LENGTH IS NECESSARY TO FORM A CLINCH.
+
+In bending cables, the length of rope necessary to form a clinch, is
+equal to the length of the shank of the anchor.
+
+
+=477.=--REFERENCES TO SKETCH OF TEMPORARY RUDDER.
+
+[Illustration: Representation of a Temporary Rudder.]
+
+A. A piece of oak fitted with iron pintles, before launching or while
+in dock, and supplied to the ship when going to sea;
+
+B. A piece for the back, and provided for the same;
+
+C. A spare topmast, cut off clear of the sheave-hole; a jib-boom might
+do, of the _new regulation_.
+
+D. Iron bolts;
+
+E. Chocks;
+
+F. Iron-pig ballast (if necessary);
+
+G. Eye-bolt in quarter-deck beam, to be put in when required;
+
+H. Rope-guys (through the heel-chock E), to assist in hanging the
+rudder. (_See sketch of temporary rudder._)
+
+
+=478.=--TO SPLICE AN OLD CABLE TO A NEW ONE.
+
+Take the old one to a rope-walk, unlay the strands, and splice them to
+the strands of the new one with long splices, after which lay up the
+latter. It can be done in another way, but it requires a good and neat
+_marlingspike-sailor_ to do it.
+
+
+=479.=--STRIP SHIP
+
+Begin aloft, and go down regularly, sending down by a reverse
+operation. Commence with the topgallant and royal-rigging, and
+rig in the flying-jib-boom: next send down topsail and lower
+yards, topmast-caps; unrig the topmasts, get in the jib-boom and
+spritsail-yards; get off lower caps, tops and rigging; unrig the
+bowsprit, and unrig all gaffs, booms and davits.
+
+ _Note._--Tally and strop-up rigging as fast as unrove and sent down.
+
+
+=480.=--PROPORTIONS OF SPARS FOR MERCHANT SHIPS, LENGTH OF SPARS, &c.,
+&c.
+
+Main-mast equal to two-and-a-half times the ship’s beam.
+
+Fore-mast equal to eight-ninths the main-mast.
+
+Mizen-mast equal to five-sixths of the main-mast.
+
+Bowsprit two-thirds of the main-mast, one-third of which ought to be
+in-board.
+
+Main-topmast three-fifths of the main-mast.
+
+Main-topgallant-mast one-half of the main-topmast, exclusive of the
+pole, which is generally one-half the length of the top-gallant-mast or
+a little longer.
+
+Fore-topmast three-fifths of the foremast.
+
+Fore-topgallant-mast one-half the length of the fore-topmast, exclusive
+of the pole, which is half the length of the topgallant mast.
+
+Mizen-topmast three-fifths of the mizen-mast.
+
+Mizen-topgallant-mast one-half the length of the mizen-topmast, and the
+pole one half the length of the topgallant-mast.
+
+Jib-boom the length of the bowsprit, two-thirds of which length is
+rigged without the bowsprit-cap.
+
+Main-yard twice the ship’s extreme breadth.
+
+Main-topsail-yard two-thirds of main-yard.
+
+Main-topgallant-yard two-thirds of main-topsail-yard.
+
+Fore-yard seven-eighths of main-yard.
+
+Fore-topsail-yard two-thirds of fore-yard.
+
+Fore-topgallant-yard two-thirds of the fore-topsail-yard.
+
+Royal-yards two-thirds the length of the respective topgallant yards.
+
+Cross-jack-yard same length of main-topsail-yard.
+
+Mizen-topsail-yards the same length of the main-topgallant-yard.
+
+Mizen-topgallant-yard two-thirds of mizen-topsail-yard.
+
+Spritsail-yards five-sixths of the fore-topsail-yard.
+
+ _Remark._--Some have the spritsail-yard the length of the
+ fore-topsail-yard, or nearly so; if it should be much shorter, the
+ jib-sheets will chafe against the spritsail-braces.
+
+ Spanker boom the length of the main-topsail-yard; it is however
+ made sometimes longer, and sometimes shorter, according to
+ fancy. Mizen-gaff two-thirds of the spanker-boom--liable to the
+ same variation. Topsail yard-arms to be long enough to haul out
+ close-reef-earing.
+
+
+=481.=--THICKNESS OF SPARS--MASTS.
+
+It has been customary to allow for every three feet of the main-mast’s
+length, one inch of the diameter in the partners; nine-tenths of an
+inch in diameter in the middle, between the partners and the extremity
+of the head, and two-thirds under the hounds, and all other masts in
+the same proportion; and with these proportions masts have been usually
+made: I am however of opinion that one-quarter of an inch to the foot
+is much better.
+
+
+=482.=--YARDS.
+
+For every four feet of their length, allow one inch of diameter in the
+slings, and half that diameter within the squares at the yard-arm.
+
+
+=483.=--DISTANCE FOR PLACING LOWER MASTS, _in vessels of two masts_.
+
+Foremasts one-seventh the length of spar-deck from forward. Main two
+and five-sevenths as far from the foremast.
+
+ _Note._--The above rule is not to be considered proper for all
+ vessels; their places must be governed by the form of the vessel.
+
+
+=484.=--RULE FOR PLACING MASTS IN A SHIP.
+
+Take the ship’s length from the after part of the stem to the fore part
+of the stern-post, and divide it into sevenths. Place the foremast
+one-seventh of this length from the stem, the main-mast three-sevenths
+from the fore-mast, the mizen and stern-post. This rule is for a
+full-built ship; it must therefore be varied when applied to vessels
+that are sharp, and the stem and stern posts of which rake; the
+foremast must accordingly be placed farther aft, the mizen-mast farther
+forward, and the distance between the masts proportionably regulated.
+
+
+=485.=--RAISING SHEARS ON A WHARF.
+
+The following sketch will show the plan of raising a pair of shears on
+_a dock, or wharf_, the shears being 91 feet in length, and 29 inches
+in diameter, and connected together at the top by heavy trestle-trees.
+They are used for masting ships, and raising heavy boilers of
+steam-vessels, &c.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=486.=--TO FIND THE TONNAGE OF A VESSEL, BY THE UNITED STATES’
+MEASUREMENT.
+
+The length is taken from the fore part of the main stern, to the after
+part of the stern-post. The beam is measured at the extreme breadth
+to the outside of the bends; three-fifths this beam is taken off the
+length, before the calculation is made. For a double-decked vessel,
+half the breadth of beam, is called the depth of hold, and for a
+single-deck it is the same, except that the hold is measured at the
+fore part of the hatchway, from the deck down to the ceiling alongside
+the keelson.
+
+To proceed on in this calculation, after all the allowances have been
+made, the length must be multiplied by the breadth, and the product
+by the depth of the hold; then divide the last product by 95, and the
+quotient will give the tonnage required.
+
+Formerly the British divided by 94, both for merchant vessels, and
+ships of war; but I have been informed they now divide by 100, which is
+the reason that they make our ships’ tonnage less than we do.
+
+ _Notes on the tonnage of a vessel._--The ship-carpenters’ tonnage in
+ Philadelphia differs from the United States’ measurement.
+
+ A rule staff is laid under the keel, projecting; a line is plumbed
+ from the upper part of the stern to the rule staff; the keel is
+ measured from its after part to the plumb line, and including the
+ rule staff, this is called the length of keel straight rabbit. The
+ beam is measured from skin to skin, on the inside; three-fifths of
+ the beam is taken off the keel straight rabbit, for the length, and
+ the calculation, in other respects, is the same as in the United
+ States’ measurement; so that the carpenters’ tonnage in Philadelphia
+ will be less, according to the rake of the stern-post, &c.
+
+ The dead rise of a vessel is found by having a staff half the beam
+ from skin to skin, at the extreme breadth, which staff is laid even
+ across on the ceiling of the fore part of the main hatchway. One
+ of the timber boards being taken up, a line is let fall from the
+ staff to the skin alongside the keelson, and what it measures is the
+ vessels dead rise; so that in order to know how sharp a vessel is, it
+ is customary to ask how much dead-rise she has.
+
+
+=487.=--STEPPING AND RAKING LOWER MASTS.
+
+Foremasts of all ships should be stepped plumb, or perpendicular, to a
+water-line. All mainmasts should rake one inch to every four feet above
+deck, and all mizen-masts should rake one inch to every three feet
+above deck. All bowsprits should be stepped in a direct line, drawn
+from the step of the mainmast to the lower part of the bowsprit bed;
+this line answers for the lower part of the bowsprit.
+
+It has been the opinion of many sea-officers, that a mast, by raking,
+will aid a ship in sailing; but it has been satisfactorily proved, that
+it has the contrary effect: for instance, a ship that has her masts
+perpendicular only, has to bear them in two positions; the one on the
+step, and the other on the side of support; her yards hang free, brace
+easy, and bear no strain against them; whereas a ship with her masts
+raking, has to bear them in three positions--the one on the step, one
+on the side of support, and the other, which is very great, on the fore
+and aft stays; her yards also hang very heavy against the mast, which
+adds also to the fore support. This must cause a great check in the
+progressive movements in the ship. A sharp vessel or ship, with a lean
+harping, by raking her masts, frequently eases her in pitching, but
+never adds to her sailing, the wind having less power on her sails, and
+the principal reason why a ship’s main and mizen masts, should rake a
+little from her foremast is, that by separating the masts in this way,
+the wind has a better chance of effecting its full power on all the
+sails, and of striking that part of them, which otherwise would be of
+little or no advantage to the ship.
+
+
+=488.=--MOORING.
+
+It has been argued and proved, that if ships have room to lay at single
+anchor with chain-cables, they are more safe than when moored. The
+following example is given as an illustration.
+
+Let A be moored with 75 fathoms S. E. and N. W. and B be at single
+anchor, with the same scope of chain; a gale commences from the S. W.;
+the strain on each of A’s cables is double the strain on B’s.
+
+It blows harder, and B lets go her other bower, and veers 150 fathoms
+on the first, and 75 on the second cable. A also veers 150 fathoms on
+both cables, but B still keeps her advantage, the strain being only as
+88 to 100; it is clear, therefore, that if either ship parts her cable,
+it must be A that will part first.
+
+If A had her mooring swivel on, she could not veer with any advantage,
+as the strain on that part of the cable between the swivel and anchor
+must remain constant; for this reason, it is obvious that moorings
+should _not_ be laid down across the prevailing winds.
+
+The above may be shown practically by stretching a small line between
+two points, and suspending a weight in the middle; see what weight it
+will bear, and afterwards try what the same line will bear vertically;
+the latter will be the ship at single anchor, the former the one moored.
+
+[Illustration: Representation of a Frigate, hove down to a dock or
+Wharf.]
+
+
+
+
+PART IX.
+
+
+=489.=--PREPARATIONS FOR HEAVING DOWN.
+
+
+CLEARING THE SHIP.
+
+The ship should be stripped to lower-masts and lower-rigging,
+cleared of everything excepting the spars and running-gear, which
+will be required for lashings; top and gear-tackles, runners, luffs,
+pendant-tackles, and in fact all the tackles of every size. The
+hammock-nettings should be taken off, the loose bulk-heads removed, and
+everything that is not applicable to the operation to be performed, as
+it is desirable to have the ship as light as possible. The lower yards
+should be kept aloft till the outriggers are placed.
+
+
+CHOICE AND POSITION OF THE OUTRIGGERS AND SHORES.
+
+If left to your own resources, and large, rough spars are not to be
+obtained, the following may be used for outriggers, three of which will
+be required for each mast; _i. e._, fore and main.
+
+ _Main-mast._ _Fore-mast._
+ 1 Main-topmast. | 1 Fore-topmast.
+ 1 Main-topsail-yard. | 1 Fore-topsail-yard.
+ 1 Half-yard (rough). | 1 Cross-jack-yard.
+
+ _Note._--If you can get other spars, the yards should not be used.
+
+The spars should be placed in the main-deck-ports before and abaft
+the masts. When they are placed, the lower-yards, caps, tops and
+cross-trees may be sent down and landed.
+
+The shores should then be placed with their heels resting in shoes or
+the spare fishes, close out to the water-ways, and their heads between
+the trestle-trees before and abaft the mast-heads.
+
+
+MAST-HEAD SHORES.
+
+ _Main-mast._ _Fore-mast._
+ 1 Main-topmast. | 1 Fore-topmast.
+ 1 Spanker-boom | 1 Jib-boom.
+
+In preference to using belly-shores, I would recommend to fish the
+main-mast with the two mizen-topmasts, and the foremast with fore
+and main-topgallant-masts; if no other spars are to be had, the
+topgallant-studdingsail-booms must be cut up for shores for the decks
+and outriggers.
+
+
+CARPENTERS’ WORK.
+
+In the mean time the carpenters should be employed in shoring the
+outriggers and decks under the beams, on which the mast-head-shores
+rest: good stages should also be prepared, the spare-shackle or
+gammoning-bolts got ready; the copper should be stripped where they are
+to be driven, viz.: before, abaft, and between the outriggers, as low
+as convenient for driving, and forelocking them on the inside, or as
+the water-line will allow.
+
+ _Note._--The holes should be bored slanting upwards, so that the
+ martingales will rather tend to set them in than draw them out; the
+ shackles or rings of the gammoning-bolts should then be well parceled.
+
+
+SECURING THE OUTRIGGERS.
+
+In the meantime a party of riggers or seamen should be employed to fit
+the martingales and outrigger-shrouds, and to strap the purchase-blocks.
+
+
+MARTINGALES.
+
+The size of the martingales must depend upon the angle which you are
+able to give them, as their size must increase as their angle becomes
+less. If the bolts are near the water-line, three parts of eight-inch
+for each outrigger will be found sufficient. The main outriggers
+should be cleated about eighteen feet from the side, for the rigging.
+The heels should be well shored down and securely lashed; they should
+also be securely lashed down or gammoned to the breeching-bolts or
+scupper-holes, and shored by diagonal shores in the angles of the
+port-sills, that the spars in rising may bring an equal pressure on all
+parts; otherwise it would probably strain the top sides: the outriggers
+should also have a stout lashing to the train-bolts amidships. If the
+topsail-yards are used (which is not advisable when other spars can be
+obtained), the inner yard-arms must not be allowed to butt the ship’s
+side, or water-ways; they should have chain-snotters, and must be
+shored in all directions. The fore-outriggers should be cleated about
+fifteen feet from the ship’s side, and secured inboard as the main.
+In addition to the martingale, the three outriggers for each mast may
+be connected by luffs boused well taut, and the stay-tackles may be
+used for fore and after-guys, which will bring all to a fair strain.
+Any farther security that may suggest itself at the time, according to
+circumstances, should not be omitted, as you will never err by being on
+the safe side.
+
+
+STRAPS FOR PURCHASE-BLOCKS.
+
+I would also recommend the straps for the purchase-blocks should be
+warped of new, three-inch rope, selvagee-fashion, instead of the large
+rope-strap. The upper one will take about two coils, which will give
+about twenty-eight parts in the strap. The strap being middled, and the
+block seized in, the eyes or legs should pass round the mast-head, and
+lash on the same side as the block, and above it, which will give four
+times twenty-eight parts of three-inch rope in the neck of the strap.
+
+
+PIT-BLOCKS.
+
+The length of the lower strap must vary according to the pit you heave
+down to. It should contain at least thirty parts of three-inch, and
+also have four parts of the strap in the neck. If the pit is deep,
+it will be better to warp two separate straps of half the length
+for the lower blocks. The same way for the foremast, which may be
+securely lashed as most convenient, but neither of the blocks should be
+lashed at the mast-head until the outrigger-shrouds are over, set up
+hand-taut, and matted over all.
+
+ _Note._--A second or preventer-purchase is required to each mast.
+
+
+PREVENTIVE SHROUDS.[37]
+
+For the main-mast, two lengths of the stream-cable (well parceled) may
+next be put over the main-mast-head; these may be set up through the
+lower-deck-ports, and kept clear of the channels by short outriggers of
+hard wood, with grooves in the outer end to receive the cable resting
+in the channels, butting against the ship’s side, and cleated round
+the heel, to form a step; the outrigger-shrouds for each mast may then
+go over. They should be about eleven-inch-rope; they must be well
+parceled: dead-eyes or blocks may be used to set them up, as convenient.
+
+_For further security, the following purchases may be used._
+
+ [37] Small sized chain-cable may be used to a good advantage if it
+ can be obtained.
+
+
+FOR THE MAIN-MAST,
+
+Two main-top-tackles lashed at the mast-head; one set up at the
+main-tack-bolts, the other to the after-quarter-deck-port; two
+mast-head-runners to assist the main-stay; two belly-stays of
+eleven-inch,[38] lashed one-third down the mast, and set up on the
+_weather-side_; two main-yard tackles lashed one-third down; one set up
+in the main-tack-bolts, the other, after-quarter-deck-port.
+
+ [38] _i. e._, Supposing the vessel to be one of the largest class of
+ frigates.
+
+
+FOR THE FORE-MAST.
+
+To assist the lower rigging, two threefold purchases lashed to the
+spare chain-plate-bolts; two launches’ purchases lashed to the
+mast-head, and set up, one to the cat-head, and the other to the after
+part of the fore-chains; two runners lashed at the mast-head; one set
+up to the cat-head, one to the chess-tree-bolts; two belly-stays of
+eleven inch, one-third way down the mast, and set up half-way in on
+the bowsprit; two fore-top-tackles one-third down the mast; one to the
+cat-head, one to the chess-tree-water-ways, or scupper-holes, as most
+convenient.
+
+
+THE BOWSPRIT
+
+May be secured by the two fore-yard-tackles, hooked on the weather-side.
+
+
+THE MIZEN-MAST
+
+May be shored with one shore at the mast-head, and the
+mizen-pendant-tackles and burtons may be used to assist the rigging, if
+considered necessary.
+
+
+SETTING UP THE RIGGING.
+
+The wedges being taken out, and the masts drawn over to the opposite
+partners, the shores may be cleated and lashed above the rigging,
+and below the trestle-trees with good worn rope of three or
+three-and-a-half-inch; the lashing should be passed on both, with
+racking turns, hove taut by a Spanish windlass, the ends frapped round
+all parts, and secured; the heels should also be lashed to the side,
+so that they can have no play forward or aft. The outriggers and
+martingales being well set up to the span-shackle bolts, and secured
+otherwise as before mentioned, the lower rigging and outrigger-shrouds
+may be set up to a fair and equal strain, respectively; the
+outrigger-shrouds may be a little tauter than the rigging, because
+they have a longer drift, and are less strained when offering the same
+support; in proportion, the additional purchases may then be set up.
+
+There is one point in the foregoing arrangements that merits peculiar
+attention; having once measured the distance between the mast-heads,
+and the same between your lower blocks, you must be careful to preserve
+the same distance between the mast-heads whenever you may have occasion
+to set up afresh; if you neglect this, your mast spreads apart as the
+ship comes down, and the stays and rigging are unfairly strained.
+
+The slack of the opposite rigging should then be taken in, and a
+swifter should be rove to keep it from hanging in a bight as the ship
+goes down.
+
+When the masts are thus secured, the purchase-blocks may be lashed, and
+the shores wedged under the heels until they have taken part of the
+strain off the rigging. Care should be taken that the shore-heads are
+clear of the trestle-trees; the strain should not be wholly upon the
+shores and deck, but each shroud and purchase must bear its proportion.
+
+
+PURCHASE FALLS.
+
+Eleven-inch fall tailed with eight inch, is sufficient for the heaviest
+ship in the service. If you have only your own resources, use the large
+hawsers tailed with the smaller, or whatever rope is convenient in the
+store-room, which may suit the purpose.
+
+ _Note._--In reeving, use a small line for that purpose; you will
+ also save time and trouble by using the capstan[39] in reeving and
+ overhauling the falls, which is a work of considerable time.
+
+ Two-and-a-half-inch stuff is a good size for a reeving line.
+
+ [39] If at the wharf or navy-yard, cattle might be clapped on to
+ reeve the fall with greater facility.
+
+
+MAST-HEAD STOPPERS.
+
+Two good stoppers of eleven-inch rope should be fitted to each mast;
+they may go with a clove-hitch round the mast-head, the ends being long
+enough to reeve through the strap of the lower purchase-blocks, to
+hitch and seize back; a small jigger, and two balls of spun-yarn should
+be ready for each purchase; the leading block should also be lashed
+alongside of its respective pit-block with a long lashing, to allow the
+leader to rise high enough to clear the fall of the edge of the pit;
+and stoppers must also be fitted for each leader-crab or capstan.
+
+The greatest attention is required to the leading of the falls, as the
+slightest chafe or rub, with so great a strain, might prove of serious
+consequence; a sharp axe should be ready at each pit.
+
+
+THE PIT.
+
+The formation of the pit, or sleeper, in which your lower block is
+secured, must vary so much in locality, that no general rule can be
+given.
+
+
+ANCHORS AND CABLES.
+
+The bowers may be landed, or used to moor the ship with, head
+and stern; the sheet-anchors may next be laid out a-beam as
+tripping-anchors, at such a distance according to the depth of the
+water, as may ensure their holding; one should be abreast of the
+foremast, the other opposite the main-mast; a stout hawser should be
+bent to the ring of each, and brought in at the second lower-deck port,
+abaft the main-mast, and first port abaft the foremast, on the same
+side as the anchors are laid out.
+
+The chains to these tripping-anchors should be tailed with a
+stream-cable, which is to pass under the ship’s bottom and in at the
+quarter-deck port, abaft the main channels and second port on the
+forecastle; these ports should be well lined, and stoppers fitted
+ready for fleeting; a three-fold purchase stretched across the deck,
+may be here applied, so that when you have tripped the ship off by
+the hawsers you may bouse the cables in taut, stopper and rack to the
+breeching-bolts.
+
+In tripping off, you must be careful to keep the ship parallel to the
+pits, or you may chance to bring one anchor home.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+CAULKING, &C.
+
+While the foregoing preparations are being made, the pumps should be
+shortened, to work on the lower deck. The caulkers and carpenters
+should be employed upon the side that is to be hove down, stopping
+the air-holes on all the decks, and thoroughly caulking every seam
+or hole that will either be immersed, or exposed to the action
+of the water that may find admittance, particularly in the wake
+of the hammock-nettings that have been removed, and round the
+quarter-galleries.
+
+[Illustration: Arrangement of the Pumps, in heaving down.]
+
+The caulking should be considered a very important point; the smallest
+hole that can admit water must be carefully stopped.
+
+The main-deck ports must be filled up in the centre with plank,
+well caulked, and covered with tarred canvass; the lower deck ports
+and scuttles thoroughly caulked in; the holes for the port-pendants
+plugged, cross-caulked, and payed over, and the scuppers made tight
+in the same manner; and it must be remembered that want of attention
+to these particulars may cost you hours at the pumps, or perhaps
+oblige you to right the ship at a moment when you might advantageously
+continue the repair; the hawse-holes and stern-ports need not be
+stopped, for they will not be near the water when the ship is keel out.
+
+
+LADDERS, &C.
+
+Battens four inches deep, should be nailed fore and aft on each deck;
+knotted ropes and Jacob’s-ladders should be placed at convenient
+distances, to secure ready access to every part of the ship, which is
+more difficult when she is down than would be imagined.
+
+ _Note._--The hatchway ladders should all be lashed.
+
+
+ARRANGEMENT OF THE PUMPS.
+
+If the water must be raised more than thirty feet, two sets of pumps
+will be required; the lower ones must throw the water into tubs or
+tanks placed on the lower deck--the upper ones must be placed in these
+vessels, and raise it from them to the upper deck; for this purpose
+nine or ten pumps will be required; they may be built square, of plank
+caulked in the seams, well parceled and woolded, or if timber can be
+had, may be formed by sawing straight spars in half lengthwise, and
+rejoining them after they are hollowed; then parceling, tarring, and
+woolding all over.
+
+The number required being completed, the lower and orlop-decks must be
+scuttled, to allow the pumps to be placed at the required angle, so
+that their ends may rest a little below the orlop-wing gratings; the
+main and upper deck pumps may be sufficiently sloped in the hatchways
+with their heels in the vessels, which are raised on platforms inclined
+at an angle, to preserve their level when the ship is down.
+
+The pumps should have large holes in their nozzles, and troughs should
+be made to carry the water over the skids to leeward on the upper deck.
+
+Substantial platforms must be secured at the same angle, at convenient
+positions, for the men to work the pumps.
+
+The pumps should be tried before you heave down, to see that they are
+tight, and also when in position to see that the brakes work clear of
+the beams and comings.
+
+Any fire engines that can be procured, should be worked in the hold on
+similar platforms, with their hoses led on deck.
+
+
+WEIGHT FOR HEELING AND TRIPPING SHIP.
+
+The rigging being set up, the purchase falls rove, the pumps rigged and
+all the foregoing preparations made, fifteen or twenty tons of water
+in casks may be placed on the side to be hove down, and lashed to the
+breeching-bolts, &c., on the quarter-deck and fore-castle.
+
+
+PREPARATIONS FOR HEAVING.
+
+The ship may then be hove off by the tripping-hawsers to the distance
+of seventy or eighty feet from the pits, and the tripping-cables boused
+well taut.
+
+The men required to work the pumps and engines, should be on board,
+with a proportion of carpenters to stop small leaks, clear the pumps,
+attend the masts in the partners, &c.; the hand-pumps should be used as
+long as they will act, so as to keep the ship perfectly dry; the ‘men’
+should be to leeward on the upper deck, to assist with their weight the
+purchases; at _slack water_ you may commence heaving; the ship will
+incline 15° before the slack of the falls is through, and will continue
+to close the pits until she is down to 35°; she will then begin to go
+off. It must be remembered that the main-mast is to heave the ship
+down; the fore purchase is only an assistant, and must not be unfairly
+hove upon; avoid surging as much as possible; the moment the pumps will
+draw they must begin to work. When the ship is down the falls must
+be stoppered and racked, the mast-head stoppers passed, boused taut
+and secured; you may then walk back and reverse the falls upon the
+capstans, taking a turn round the bitts with the running part, which
+is to be hove off by the capstans as you ease up, and will cause less
+surging.
+
+
+STAGES.
+
+Substantial floating stages having been previously made by the
+carpenters, should now be ready to haul in; a large boat containing
+tool-chests and the stores necessary for stopping the leak, should be
+in attendance; when the ship is down, not a single second should be
+lost; let your men sing out _cheer_ at the pumps, and forego that part
+of your discipline for a short time, which might be a hindrance to your
+immediate object. Watch narrowly the purchases and be ready to ease-up
+at a moment’s warning, if they slacken or any of the gear carries
+away. In easing-up, when the main-deck scuppers are out of water, hold
+on, take the lead or canvass off that secured them, and let the water
+escape from the deck; you may get rid of several tons thus without much
+labor.
+
+The carpenters must be careful in clearing the injured part, not to
+increase the leak by undertaking more than they are able to perform;
+as a general rule, make all as tight as possible before you think of
+easing-up for the night.
+
+
+=490.=--A DERRICK.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+What is termed a derrick, is a single spar rounded off at the heel to
+set in a shoe, (similar to a shear-leg;) the upper end is made with
+shoulders or cleats, to stop the purchase-block from working down,
+also the guys; the derrick may be used for many purposes instead of
+shears to great advantage, especially on board of merchant ships when
+discharging, it being so easily swung from a perpendicular position
+to rake over the ship’s side, the heel resting in its shoe, and the
+head canted in any position by the guys; any kind of a purchase may
+be used at a derrick-head, but the most general, is the single and
+double-burton.
+
+On the subject of providing means--few ships go to sea without a spare
+topmast or a spar to make one, which spar is in every way calculated
+for a derrick, if it will make a topmast.
+
+_The rigging_, (that is the various guys and ropes necessary to sustain
+it in its position,) and the purchase-blocks for lifting the weight,
+may be secured to the spar any height above the deck to suit the
+particular purpose in hand, without either cutting the spar, or nailing
+on cleats--as by a well managed arrangement of lashings, all slipping
+or shifting of position may certainly be prevented.
+
+ _Note._--The more a derrick approaches a perpendicular position, the
+ less will be the strain upon the guys.
+
+
+GENERAL CAUTIONS.
+
+
+_In any very intricate Navigation_,
+
+Anchor at night or when in doubt.
+
+Take frequent and short departures.
+
+Pay particular attention that the proper course is steered.
+
+Hand in the chains, and lead kept going.
+
+Good look out.
+
+Anchors ready, and cables clear.
+
+Canvass well regulated and be ready for bringing up.
+
+Boats ready, tackles at hand.
+
+Stream cable and hawsers ready.
+
+Top-gallant-mast-ropes rove.
+
+
+_Taken in a Squall._
+
+A vigilant look out, will usually prevent your being taken by a squall
+in an unprepared state.
+
+If taken in a squall with the wind on the beam, before it, or close
+hauled, keep your luff, and lower away, and clew up all as fast as you
+can. In doing so the ship will be relieved, and the canvass got in
+better than if the helm had been put up.
+
+But if taken in a squall with the wind abaft the beam, putting the helm
+up, and running away from it, as well as shortening sail, will then be
+the readiest mode of easing a ship. (Remember this.)
+
+
+_On Good Order--(Merchant Service)._
+
+In a man-of-war, discipline is productive of the greatest good--the
+energies of all are called for, and employed as most required; but even
+without martial law good regulations might, and ought to be established
+in every ship, at all times, and in all places.
+
+The greatest assistance to the promotion of good order, would
+be SOBRIETY in seamen. The few shades in the sterling qualities
+which belong to them, many of their irregularities and acts of
+insubordination, may be traced to intemperance. They might abstain,
+perhaps, but they cannot refrain. If owners would give $1 a month in
+lieu of spirits, and have a mutual agreement respecting its use abroad,
+with a stipulated penalty for drunkenness, ships might be managed much
+more safely, and with greater ease and economy than at present; half
+the work of discipline would then be effected.
+
+Where the men are sober, have entire confidence in their officers,
+and are well treated, not harrassed unnecessarily, and see that the
+comforts they ought to have are properly attended to--I think it would
+be found in most instances, that effective good order would establish
+itself. Where it does exist, the vessel’s services are rendered in
+every way more effective and beneficial to her employers, as well as
+more agreeable to the officers, crew, and passengers, if any, and her
+chances of casualties considerably lessened.
+
+The remedy, too, is in a great measure in the hands of shipowners and
+captains themselves; for if they required certificates of sobriety
+before they would ship men, drunken ones would either remain unemployed
+or become sober,--for even a sober landsman, is more useful than a
+drunken sailor.
+
+
+_On Cleanliness, as regards the Preservation of Life in Vessels._
+
+Nothing is too trifling for an officers attention, that tends to the
+health and benefit of those dependent on his care and forethought.
+
+Every vessel should be pumped out _morning_ and _evening_.
+
+A clean, sweet, and dry hold is essential to the health of the crew.
+
+Nothing can be more injurious than for men to sleep over bilge-water,
+which must be the case if any water is left in the hold at night.
+
+The hold ought to be cleared often, and when it is, it should be
+white-washed; and also the between-decks frequently white-washed.
+
+
+_On Painting._
+
+In tropical climates, avoid painting as much as possible, particularly
+in-board.
+
+
+_On the Health of Men, in the Merchant Service._
+
+In port, in tropical climates, give the men a little coffee before they
+go to work in the morning.
+
+The inconsiderate indulgence in new rum, has been one great means of
+increasing the numbers attacked with yellow fever.
+
+Do not allow the men to lay about in night dews; and particularly not
+to wait about at wharfs.
+
+Allow the men the use of fresh water whenever it can be spared, for
+washing clothes, and also for themselves.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration: Scale-Draft of the United States Sloop-of-War ALBANY.]
+
+
+
+
+PART X.
+
+
+=491.=--EXPLANATION OF SEA TERMS.
+
+_Aback._ A sail is aback when its forward surface is acted upon by the
+wind.
+
+_Abaft._ The hinder part of the ship. Behind, thus abaft the foremast,
+means anything nearer to the stern than the foremast.
+
+_Aboard._ In the ship; as the cargo is aboard. A ship is said to fall
+aboard when she runs foul of another. To get aboard the main-tack is to
+bring the clew of the mainsail down to the chess-tree.
+
+_About._ A ship is said to be going about, when in the act of backing;
+the order for which is “_ready about there_.”
+
+_Abreast._ Opposite to.
+
+_Adrift._ Broken loose from the moorings.
+
+_Afloat._ Swimming; not touching the bottom.
+
+_Afore._ That part of the ship nearest to the stem or head.
+
+_Aft._ Behind; as stand farther aft--stand nearer to the stern.
+
+_After._ Hinder, as the after ports--those ports nearest the
+stern--after sails, after hatchway, &c., &c.
+
+_Aground._ Not having water enough to float the ship, which rests on
+the ground.
+
+_Ahead._ Before the ship.
+
+_A-lee._ The helm is a-lee when the tiller is put to the
+lee-side.--“Hard-a-lee,” when it is put as far as it will go.
+
+_All in the wind._ When the wind blows on the leeches or outward
+extremities of the sails, and causes them to shake.
+
+_All hands, ahoy._ This word given by the boatswain and his mates at
+the hatchway to assemble the ship’s company.
+
+_Aloft._ Up above; in the rigging; on the yards; at the masthead, &c.
+
+_Alongside._ Close to the ship’s side.
+
+_Amidships._ In the middle of the ship. The helm is amidships when the
+tiller is not put over, either to one side or the other.
+
+_To anchor._ To let the anchor fall overboard, that it may hold the
+ship.
+
+_To foul the anchor._ To let the cable be twisted round the upper
+fluke, &c.
+
+_To drag the anchor._ When the ship pulls it with her, from the
+violence of the wind.
+
+_Anchorage._ Ground fit to anchor in.
+
+_The anchor is a cock bill._ It is hanging by the stopper at the
+cat-head.
+
+_The anchor is a-peak._ Near to the ship. Thus at different distances
+it is called a long peak, a stay peak, a short peak.
+
+_The anchor is a-weigh or a-trip._ Loosened from the ground by heaving
+in the cable.
+
+_The anchor is backed._ Another anchor is placed at a certain distance
+before it, and attached to it by the cable of the former being fastened
+to it, which fixes it firmly in the ground.
+
+_The anchor is catted._ Drawn up to the cat-head.
+
+_The anchor is fished._ Its inner arm is drawn up by the fish-pendant.
+
+_To weigh the anchor._ To heave it up by the capstan or windlass.
+
+_The sheet-anchor_, is of the same size and weight of the two bower
+anchors, and the spare anchor; it is a resource and dependence should
+either of the bowers part, for which purpose the cable is always kept
+ready bent with a long range, that it may be let go on an emergency.
+
+_Best bower or small bower anchors_, are the two anchors which are
+stowed the farthest forward, or near the bows.
+
+_The stream-anchor_, is used to bring the ship up with occasionally, or
+to steady the ship when she comes to a temporary mooring.
+
+_The kedge-anchor._ The smallest of the anchors, to which a hawser or
+cable is generally bent, and used for warping ship.
+
+_An end._ Any spar or mast placed perpendicularly. The topmasts are an
+end; they are swayed up and fidded above the lower masts.
+
+_All an end._ All the masts are up in their proper stations.
+
+_A-peak._ (See Anchor.)
+
+_Ashore._ On land; aground.
+
+_Astern._ Behind the ship.
+
+_Athwart._ Across. Athwart hawse, across the stem; athwart ships,
+anything lying in a direction across the ship; athwart the fore-foot, a
+shot fired by another ship across the bows.
+
+_Atrip._ (See Anchor.)
+
+_Avast._ To cease hauling; to stop.
+
+_Aweigh._ (See Anchor.)
+
+_Aweather._ The helm is said to be aweather, when the tiller is put
+over to the windward side of the ship; hard aweather, when it is put
+over as far as it will go.
+
+_Awning._ A canvass canopy, placed over the deck when the sun is
+powerful.
+
+_To back the sails._ To expose their forward surfaces to the wind, by
+hauling in the weather braces.
+
+_Back-stays._ Ropes fixed at the topmast and topgallant-mast heads, and
+extended to the chains on the ship’s sides.
+
+_To bag-pipe the mizen._ To bring the sheet over to the
+weather-mizen-shrouds, in order to lay it aback.
+
+_To balance the mizen._ Rolling up a portion of it at the peak.
+
+_Ballast._ A quantity of iron, stone, gravel, &c., placed in the hold
+to give a ship proper stability when she has no cargo, or but a small
+quantity of goods, &c.
+
+_Bands._ Pieces of canvass sewn across the sail, called reef-bands--also
+a piece stuck on the middle of the sail, to strengthen it when
+half-worn.
+
+_Bar._ A shoal running across the mouth of a harbor.
+
+_Capstan bars._ Pieces of timber put into the holes in the drum-head of
+the capstan, (where they are secured with iron pins,) to heave up the
+anchor, &c.
+
+_Bare poles._ Having no sail up.
+
+_Battens._ Slips of wood nailed on the slings of the yard, which are
+eight square--also over the tarpaulings of a hatchway to keep the water
+out in stormy weather.
+
+_Bays._ In men-of-war, the starboard and larboard sides between decks,
+before the bitts; in small vessels, amidships.
+
+_Beams._ Strong pieces of timber across the ship, under the decks,
+bound to the side by knees. They support and keep the ship together.
+
+_On the beam._ When the wind blows at a right angle with the keel.
+
+_Before the beam._ When the wind or object bears on some point less
+than a right angle, or ninety degrees from the ship’s head.
+
+_Abaft the beam._ When the wind or object bears on some point which is
+more than a right angle of ninety degrees from the ship’s course.
+
+_Bearing._ The point of the compass on which any object appears; it is
+also applied to an object which lies opposite to any part of the ship;
+thus the buoy, &c., bears on the beam, the bow, the quarter, &c.
+
+_Beating to windward._ Tacking, and endeavoring to get to windward of
+some head land.
+
+_Becalmed._ Having no wind to fill the sails. The ship being deprived
+of the power of the wind, by the intervention of high land, a large
+ship, &c.
+
+_Beckets._ Short straps, having an eye in one end and a double walled
+knot on the other--for suspending a yard, &c., till wanted; such as the
+beckets for the royal-yards, for the bights of the sheets, &c.
+
+_To belay._ To make fast.
+
+_Bend._ A kind of knot--as a sheet-bend, &c., or a seizing, such as the
+bends of the cable.
+
+_To bend._ To make fast--as to bend the sails, the cable, &c.
+
+_Bends._ The streaks of thick stuff, or strongest planks in the ship’s
+sides, on the broadest part; these are also called the wales.
+
+_Between decks._ Any part of the ship below, between two decks.
+
+_Bight._ Any part of a rope between the ends, also a collar or eye
+formed by a rope.
+
+_Bilge._ The flat part of a ship’s bottom. Bilge water, that which
+rests in the bilge, either from rain, shipping water, &c.
+
+_Binnacle._ The frame or box which contains the compass.
+
+_Berth._ A place of anchorage; a cabin or apartment.
+
+_Bitts._ Large, upright pins of timber, with a cross piece, over which
+the bight of the cable is put, also smaller ones to belay ropes, such
+as topsail-sheets, &c.
+
+_To bitt._ To place a bight of the cable over the bitts.
+
+_Blocks._ Instruments with sheaves or pulleys, used to increase the
+power of ropes.
+
+_Block and block._ When the two blocks of a tackle are drawn so close
+together that there is no more of the fall left to haul upon; it is
+also termed chock-a-block.
+
+_To make a board._ To tack.
+
+_To make a stern board._ To drive a ship stern foremost, by laying the
+sails aback.
+
+_Boarding._ Entering an enemy’s ship by force; the men are called
+boarders.
+
+_Boarding netting._ Net work triced round the ship to prevent the
+boarders from entering.
+
+_Boats._ Small vessels. Those belonging to ships are the long boat, the
+launch, the cutter, the yawl, and the jolly-boat.
+
+_Boatswain._ The officer who has charge of the cordage, boats, rigging,
+&c.
+
+_Bobstays._ Ropes rove through the cutwater, and set up with dead-eyes
+under the bowsprit, to act against the power of the fore stays.
+Sometimes one of these is taken to the end of the bowsprit to act
+against the fore-topmast stays.
+
+_Bolsters._ Pieces of wood or canvass stuffed, placed on the lower
+trestle-trees to keep the rigging from chafing.
+
+_Bolts._ Iron fastenings by which the ship is secured in her hull.
+
+_Bolt-ropes._ Ropes sewn round the edges of the sails.
+
+_Booms._ Large poles, used to extend the studding-sails, spanker, jibs,
+&c.
+
+_Boom-irons._ Iron caps fixed on the yard-arms for the
+studdingsail-booms to rest in.
+
+_Bows._ The round part of the ship, forward.
+
+_To bouse._ To haul upon.
+
+_Bower._ (See Anchor.)
+
+_Bowlines._ Ropes made fast to the leeches, or sides of the sails, to
+pull them forward.
+
+_Bowsprit._ A mast projecting over the stem.
+
+_Box-hauling._ A method of waring or turning a ship from the wind.
+
+_Boxing-off._ Turning the ship’s head from the wind by backing the head
+sails.
+
+_Braces._ Ropes fastened to the yard-arms to brace them about, also a
+security to the rudder, fixed to the stern-post.
+
+_Brails._ Ropes applied to the after leeches of the mizen, and some of
+the staysails to draw them up.
+
+_To break bulk._ To begin to unload.
+
+_To break the sheer._ To swerve from the proper direction in which a
+ship should be when at anchor.
+
+_Breaming._ Burning the stuff which is collected on the ship’s bottom
+during a long voyage.
+
+_Breast-hooks._ Pieces of timber placed across the bows of a ship to
+keep them together.
+
+_Breast-work._ Railing on the fore part of the quarter deck, where
+ropes are belayed.
+
+_Breeching._ A stout rope fixed to the cascable of a gun, fastened to
+the ship’s side to prevent its running in.
+
+_Bridles._ The upper part of the moorings laid in harbors for
+men-of-war; also ropes attached from the leeches of the square sails to
+the bowlines.
+
+_To bring up._ To come to an anchor.
+
+_To bring to._ To make a ship stationary, stopping her way by bracing
+some of the sails aback, and keeping others full, so as to counterpoise
+each other.
+
+_To bring by the lee._ When a ship is sailing with the wind very large,
+and flies off from it so as to bring it on the other side, the sails
+catching aback, she is then said to be brought by the lee; this is a
+dangerous position in a high sea.
+
+_To broach-to._ Flying up in the wind, so as to bring it on the other
+side when blowing fresh.
+
+_Bulk-heads._ Partitions in the ship.
+
+_Bull’s-eye._ A wooden thimble.
+
+_Bumkin, or boomkin._ A short boom fitted to the bows of a ship for the
+purpose of hauling down the fore tack to; it is supported on each side
+by a shroud.
+
+_Bunt._ The middle part of a square-sail, also the fore leech of a
+quadrangular staysail.
+
+_Buntlines._ Ropes attached to the foot of a square-sail, to haul it up.
+
+_Burton pendants._ The first piece of rigging which goes over the
+topmast-head, to which is hooked a tackle to set up the topmast-shrouds.
+
+_Bush._ Metal in the sheaves of blocks which have iron pins.
+
+_Butt-end._ The end of a plank in a ship’s side.
+
+_Buttock._ That part of a ship’s hull under the stern, between the
+water-line and wing-transom.
+
+_By the board._ Over the side. A mast is said to go by the board when
+it is carried or shot away just above the deck.
+
+_By the head._ When a ship is deeper in the water forward than aft.
+
+_By the stern._ The reverse of by the head.
+
+_By the wind._ When a ship is as near to the wind as her head can lie,
+with the sails filled.
+
+_Cabin._ A room or apartment; also a bed place.
+
+_Cable._ A large rope by which the ship is secured to the anchor.
+Cables take their names from the anchor to which they belong; as the
+sheet-cable, the best bower-cable, &c. They are generally 120 fathoms
+in length.
+
+_To bitt the cable._ (See Bitts.)
+
+_To heave in the cable._ To pull it into the ship by the windlass or
+capstan.
+
+_To pay out the cable._ To pass it out of the hawse-hole.
+
+_To veer away the cable._ To slacken it so that it may run out, as in
+paying out.
+
+_To serve the cable._ To wrap it round with rope, plait, or horse-hide,
+to keep it from chafing.
+
+_To slip the cable._ To let it run clear out.
+
+_Cable tier._ That part of the orlop-deck where the cables are coiled.
+
+_To coil the cable._ To lay it on the deck in a circular form.
+
+_Caboose._ The place where the victuals are dressed in merchantmen.
+
+_Call._ A silver pipe or whistle used by the boatswain and his mates,
+by the sounding of which they call up the hands, direct them to haul,
+to veer, to belay, &c., &c.
+
+_Canted._ Anything turned from its square position.
+
+_Canvass._ Strong cloth, of which the sails are made.
+
+_Cap._ A block of wood which secures the topmast to the lower mast.
+
+_Capsize._ To turn over.
+
+_Capstan._ A machine for drawing up the anchor by the messenger, which
+is taken round it and applied to the cable by the nippers.
+
+_Careening._ Heaving a vessel down on one side, to clean or repair her
+bottom.
+
+_Carrick bend._ A kind of knot.
+
+_Cast._ To pay a ship’s head off by backing the head sails when heaving
+up the anchor, so as to bring the wind on the side required.
+
+_Cat-block._ A large, double or threefold block, used for drawing the
+anchor up to the cat head.
+
+_Cat-head._ A large piece of timber or crane, projecting over the bow,
+for drawing up the anchor clear from the ship’s side.
+
+_Cat-harpings._ Short legs of rope seized to the upper part of the
+lower shrouds and futtock-staves, to keep them from bulging out by the
+strain of the futtock-shrouds, and to permit the bracing up of the
+lower yards.
+
+_Cat’s-paw._ A light air, perceived by its effect upon the water, but
+not durable; also a twist made on the bight of a rope.
+
+_To Caulk._ To drive oakum into the seams of the sides, decks, &c.
+
+_Chains._ Links of iron bolted to the ship’s sides, having dead-eyes in
+the upper ends, to which the shrouds are connected by the lanyards.
+
+_Channels._ Strong, broad planks, bolted to the sides to keep the
+dead-eyes in the chains from the side, to spread the rigging farther
+out.
+
+_Chapeling._ A ship is said to build a chapel, when by neglect in light
+winds she turns round so as to bring the wind on the same part it was
+before she moved.
+
+_Chase._ A ship pursued by another.
+
+_Bow-chase._ A gun in the fore part of the ship.
+
+_Stern-chase._ A gun pointing astern in the after part of the ship.
+
+_To chase._ To pursue; to follow.
+
+_To cheer._ To huzza. What cheer-ho! a salutation.
+
+_Chock-a-block._ (See block and block.)
+
+_To clap on._ To make fast; as, clap on the stoppers, &c.
+
+_To claw off._ To beat to windward from a lee-shore.
+
+_Cleats._ Pieces of wood to fasten ropes to.
+
+_Close-hauled._ As anigh the wind as a ship can lie.
+
+_Club-hauling._ Tacking by means of an anchor.
+
+_Clues or Clews._ The lower corners of the square sails.
+
+_Coamings._ The borders of the hatchways which are raised above the
+deck.
+
+_Coiling._ Laying a rope down in a circular form.
+
+_Companion._ A wooden covering over the cabin hatchway.
+
+_Course._ The point of the compass on which the ship sails; the
+mainsail, foresail and mizen are also called courses.
+
+_Crab._ A small capstan.
+
+_To cun the ship._ To direct the helmsman how to steer.
+
+_Cutwater._ The knee of the head.
+
+_Davit._ A crane of timber used for fishing the anchors.
+
+_Dead-eye._ A block with three holes in, to receive the lanyard of a
+shroud or stay.
+
+_Dog-vane._ A small vane made of cork and feathers, and placed on the
+weather side of the quarter deck.
+
+_Dolphin._ A wreath of rope placed round a mast. (See Pudding.)
+
+_To Douse._ To let fly the halliards of a topsail; to lower away
+briskly, &c.
+
+_Downhauler._ A rope to pull down the staysails, topmast,
+studdingsails, &c.
+
+_Drift._ Driving to leeward; driving with the tide. Drifts are also
+those parts where the rails are cut off an end with scrolls.
+
+_Driver._ A large sail suspended to the mizen-gaff.
+
+_Dunnage._ Wood, &c. laid at the bottom of a ship to keep the cargo dry.
+
+_Earings._ Small ropes to make fast the upper corners of square-sails,
+&c.
+
+_Ease-off._ To slacken.
+
+_End-for-end._ To let a rope or cable run quite out.
+
+_End-on._ When a ship’s bows and head sails are only seen.
+
+_Ensign._ A national flag worn by ships at their gaff-ends.
+
+_Fag-end._ The end of a rope which is untwisted.
+
+_Fake._ One circle of a coil of rope.
+
+_Falling-off._ When a ship moves from the wind farther than she ought.
+
+_Fid._ A tapered piece of wood, or iron, to splice ropes with; also a
+piece of wood which supports one mast upon the trestle-trees of another.
+
+_To Fill._ To brace the yards so that the wind may strike the sails on
+their after surfaces.
+
+_Flukes._ The broad parts or palms of the anchors. (See Anchor.)
+
+_Fore._ That part of the ship nearest to the head.
+
+_Fore and aft._ The lengthway of the ship, or in the direction of the
+keel.
+
+_Fore-castle._ A short deck in the fore part of the ship.
+
+_Forging-a-head._ Forced a-head by the wind.
+
+_Foul hawse._ When the cables are twisted.
+
+_To founder._ To sink.
+
+_Full and by._ (See close-hauled.)
+
+_Furling._ Making fast the sails to the yards by the gaskets.
+
+_Gaff._ The spar or yard, to which the mizen of a ship, or the mainsail
+of a brig or cutter is bent.
+
+_Gang-way._ A deck reaching from the quarter-deck to the forecastle;
+also the place where persons enter the ship.
+
+_Gasket._ A piece of plat to fasten the sails to the yard.
+
+_Girt._ A ship is girted when her cables are too tight, which prevents
+her swinging.
+
+_Goose-neck._ An iron hook at the end of a boom.
+
+_Goose-wings._ The outer extremities of a main or foresail, when loose,
+the rest of it being furled.
+
+_Goring._ Cutting a sail obliquely.
+
+_Gripe._ A piece of timber that joins the keel and the cut-water.
+
+_Griping._ When a ship carries her helm much to windward.
+
+_Gunnel._ The upper part of a ship’s side.
+
+_Guy._ A rope to steady a boom.
+
+_Gybing._ When (by the wind being large), it is necessary to shift the
+boom of a fore and aft sail.
+
+_Halliards._ Tackles or ropes to hoist up the sails.
+
+_To Hand._ (The same as to furl.)
+
+_Hatchway._ A square hole in the deck, which communicates with the
+hold, or another deck.
+
+_To Haul._ To pull.
+
+_To Hail._ To call out to another ship.
+
+_A clear Hawse._ When the cables are not twisted.
+
+_A foul Hawse._ When the cables lie across, or are twisted.
+
+_Hawse-holes._ The holes through which the cables pass.
+
+_Hawser._ A small cable.
+
+_To Heel._ To incline to one side.
+
+_Helm._ A wooden bar put through the head of a rudder; also called a
+tiller.
+
+_To Hitch._ To make fast.
+
+_The Hold._ The lower apartment of a ship, where the provisions and
+goods are stowed.
+
+_To haul Home._ To pull the clew of a sail, &c. as far as it will go.
+
+_Horse._ A rope made fast to the yard, on which the men stand.
+
+_Hull._ The body of a ship.
+
+_Jewel-blocks._ Blocks at the topsail-yard-arms for the
+topmast-studding-sail halliards.
+
+_Jigger._ A purchase used in merchant ships to hold on the cable.
+
+_Junk._ Pieces of old cable, out of which mats, gaskets, &c. are made.
+(See article on Junk.)
+
+_Jury-masts._ Temporary masts, when the others are carried or shot away.
+
+_Keckling._ Old rope passed round the cable at short distances.
+
+_Kink._ A twist or turn in a rope.
+
+_To Labor._ To pitch and roll heavily.
+
+_Land-fall._ Discovering the land.
+
+_Larboard._ The left side.
+
+_Launch-ho._ To let go the top rope when the topmast is fidded.
+
+_Leeward._ That point which the wind blows.
+
+_Lee-lurch._ When the ship rolls to leeward.
+
+_Lee-tide._ When the wind and tide are the same way.
+
+_Lizard._ A small piece of rope with a thimble spliced into a larger
+one.
+
+_Looming._ The appearance of a distant object; such as a ship, the
+land, &c.
+
+_Lubber._ A sailor who does not know his duty.
+
+_Luff._ A direction to the steersman to put the helm to leeward.
+
+_Luff-tackle._ A large tackle consisting of a double and single block.
+
+_Lying-to._ (See To bring-to.)
+
+_To man the yards._ To send men upon them.
+
+_To moor._ To secure a ship by more than one cable.
+
+_Moorings._ The place where a vessel is moored; also anchors with
+chains and bridles, laid in rivers for men-of-war to ride by.
+
+_Neap-tides._ Those tides which happen when the moon is in her
+quarters, and are not so high as the Spring-tides.
+
+_Neaped._ A ship is said to be neaped, when she is left on shore by
+these tides, and must wait for the next Spring-tides.
+
+_To Near the land._ To approach the shore.
+
+_To Near._ A direction to the helmsman to put the helm little
+“a-weather;” to keep the sails full; to let her come no nearer to the
+wind.
+
+_Nippers._ Plaiting or selvagees, to bind the cable to the messenger.
+
+_Off-and-on._ Coming near the land on one tack, and leaving it on
+another.
+
+_Offing._ Out to sea from the land.
+
+_Orlop-deck._ The lowest deck in the ship, lying on the beams of the
+hold. The place where the cables are coiled, and where other stores are
+kept.
+
+_Overboard._ Out of the ship.
+
+_Overhauling._ To haul a fall of rope through a block till it is
+slack--also examining a ship.
+
+_Painter._ A rope by which a boat is made fast.
+
+_To Pass._ To hand anything from one to another, or to place a rope or
+lashing round the yard, &c.
+
+_Pay._ To rub tar, pitch, or anything, with a brush.
+
+_To pay off._ To make a ship’s head recede from the wind, by backing
+the head-sails.
+
+_To Peak up._ To raise the after end of a gaff.
+
+_Plying._ Turning to windward.
+
+_Pooping._ A ship is said to be pooped when she is struck by a heavy
+sea, on the stern or quarter.
+
+_Port._ To the left side. This term is used for the helmsman to put the
+helm to the left, instead of the word _Larboard_, to make a distinction
+from the affinity of sound in the word _Starboard_.
+
+_Preventer._ Anything for temporary security, as a preventer-brace, &c.
+
+_Pendant, or Pennant._ A sort of long, narrow banner.
+
+_Pendant_ (_broad_). A sort of flag terminating in two points.
+
+_Pendant._ The name of a piece of rope applied to different objects on
+ship-board; _i. e._, fish-pendants, rudder-pendants, &c.
+
+_Quarter._ That part of a ship’s side between the main-chains and the
+stern.
+
+_Racking a Fall._ Seizing the parts of a tackle-fall together by
+cross-turns.
+
+_Rake._ The projection of a ship at the stem and stern, beyond the
+extent of the keel--also the inclination of a ship’s masts, either
+forward or aft from a perpendicular line.
+
+_Range of Cable._ A sufficient length hauled up to permit the anchor to
+drop to the bottom.
+
+_To Rattle down the Shrouds._ To fix the ratlings on them.
+
+_To Reef._ To reduce a sail by tying it round the yard with points.
+
+_To Reeve._ To put a rope through a block, &c.
+
+_To Ride._ To be held by the cable; to ride easy, is when a ship does
+not labor much; to ride hard, is when a ship pitches with violence.
+
+_To Rig._ To fit the rigging to the mast.
+
+_To Right._ A ship is said to right when she rises to her upright
+position, after being laid down by a violent squall.
+
+_To Right the Helm._ To put it a-midships, or in its fore and aft
+position parallel to the keel.
+
+_To Round-in._ To haul in a brace, &c., which is not very tight.
+
+_To Rouse-in._ To haul in the slack part of the cable.
+
+_To Run down._ When one ship sinks another by running over her.
+
+_To Scud._ To sail before the wind in a storm.
+
+_To Scuttle a Ship._ To make holes in her bottom to sink her.
+
+_To Serve._ To wind anything around a cable or rope, to prevent its
+being chafed.
+
+_To Seize._ To make fast or bind.
+
+_To Sheer._ To go in and out, and not in a direct course.
+
+_To Ship._ To put anything on board; to ship a sea, when a sea breaks
+into a ship.
+
+_To Shiver._ To make the sails shake.
+
+_The Slack of a Rope, &c._ That part which hangs loose.
+
+_To Slip a Cable._ To let it run out to the end.
+
+_To Slue._ To turn anything about.
+
+_To Sound._ To find the bottom by a leaden plummet.
+
+_To take a Spell._ To be in turn on duty at the lead, the pump, &c.
+
+_To Spill._ To take the wind out of the sails by the braces, &c., in
+order to reef or to hand them.
+
+_To Splice._ To join two ropes together, by uniting the strands.
+
+_Spoon-drift._ A continued flying of the spray and waves over the
+surface of the sea.
+
+_To Spring a Mast._ To crack or split it.
+
+_A Spring._ A rope made fast to the cable at the bow and taken in
+abaft, in order to expose the ship’s side in any direction.
+
+_Spring-tides._ The highest tides at the full and change of the moon.
+
+_To Stand-on._ To keep in the course.
+
+_To Stand-by._ To be ready.
+
+_Starboard._ The right side.
+
+_To Steer._ To manage a ship by the movement of the helm.
+
+_To Stopper the Cable._ To keep it from running out by fastening short
+ropes to it, called stoppers.
+
+_Strand._ One of the divisions of a rope.
+
+_Stranded._ When one of the divisions of a rope is broken--also when a
+ship is run on shore so that she cannot be got off, she is said to be
+stranded.
+
+_To Stretch._ To stand on different tacks, under a press of sail
+
+_To Strike._ To beat against the bottom--also to lower the flag in
+token of submission. Lowering the topmasts, is commonly termed striking
+them.
+
+_To Surge the Messenger._ To slack it suddenly.
+
+_To Sway._ To hoist up the yards and topmasts.
+
+_To Swing._ To turn a ship from one side of her anchor to another, at
+the change of the tide.
+
+_To Tack._ To turn a ship by the sails and rudder against the wind.
+
+_Taut._ A corruption of _tight_.
+
+_Taunt._ Long, lofty.
+
+_Tending._ The movement of a vessel in swinging at anchor.
+
+_Tier._ The place where cables are coiled.
+
+_Traverse._ To sail on different courses. When a rope runs freely
+through a thimble, &c., it is said to traverse.
+
+_Trying._ Laying-to in a gale of wind under a small sail.
+
+_Turning to Windward._ Tacking.
+
+_Twice-laid stuff._ Rope made from the yarns of a cable, &c., which has
+been half-worn.
+
+_To Veer and Haul._ To pull a rope, and then slacken it.
+
+_To Unbend._ To cast loose.
+
+_To Unmoor._ To reduce a ship to a single anchor, after riding by two.
+
+_To Unreeve._ To pull a rope out of a block.
+
+_To Unrig._ To deprive a ship of her rigging.
+
+_To Unship._ To take anything from the place in which it was fixed.
+
+_Waist of a Ship._ The part between the main and fore-drifts; also
+a term sometimes used for the spare or waist-anchor, from its being
+stowed near the fore-drift, or fore part of the waist.
+
+_Wake._ The track left by the ship on the water which she has passed
+over.
+
+_Wales._ (_See Bends_).
+
+_To Wear._ To turn a ship round from the wind.
+
+_To Warp._ To move a ship by hawsers.
+
+_Watch._ A division of the ship’s company, who keep the deck for a
+certain time. One is called starboard, and the other the larboard watch.
+
+_Water-logged._ The state of a leaky ship, when she is so full of water
+as to be heavy and unmanageable.
+
+_Way of a Ship._ Her progress through the water.
+
+_To Weather a Ship._ To get to windward of her.
+
+_A Weather Tide._ A tide or stream which runs to windward.
+
+_Weather-Beaten._ Anything worn or damaged by bad weather.
+
+_To Weigh._ To heave the anchor out of the ground.
+
+_To Whip._ To bind the end of a rope with yarn to prevent its
+untwisting; also to hoist anything by a rope which is rove through a
+single block.
+
+_Wind’s-eye._ That point from which the wind blows in a direct line.
+
+_Between Wind and Water._ That part of the ship’s bottom which is just
+at the surface of the water, or what is called the water-line.
+
+_To Wind a Boat, &c._ To turn it round from its original position.
+
+_Wind-Rode._ When a ship is kept astern, &c., of her anchor, solely by
+the wind.
+
+_To Windward._ Towards that point from which the wind blows.
+
+_To Work to Windward._ To make progress against the wind by tacking.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration: Scale-Draft of a Brig-of-War.]
+
+
+
+
+ PART XI.
+
+ TABLES
+ RELATING TO
+ RIGGING, BLOCKS, SPARS, ANCHORS, CABLES, &c.
+
+
+=492.--A Table showing the Weight of Cables and Anchors, used in Ships
+and Vessels of War, U. S. N.=
+
+ ===================++======++===================================++
+ || =Rate|| =Hemp Cables.= ||
+ || in ++------+-------+--------------------++
+ =Names of Ships.= ||Guns.=||Sheet.|Stream.| Weight. ||
+ -------------------++------++------+-------+--------------------++
+ || || | |tons. cwt. qrs. lbs.||
+ Pennsylvania || 120 || 2 | 1 | 19  7 2 22 ||
+ Delaware || 80 || 2 | 1 | 17  9 3  7 ||
+ Franklin || 74 || 2 | 1 | 16  2 2  4 ||
+ Independence || 68 || 2 | 1 | 13 14 2 24 ||
+ Brandywine || 44 || 2 | 1 | 13  1 0 11 ||
+ Constellation || 36 || 2 | 1 | 11 13 0  8 ||
+ Sloops, 1st Class || 24 || 2 | 1 |  8 19 2 12 ||
+ Sloops, 2d Class || 22 || 2 | 1 |  7 17 1 16 ||
+ Sloops, 3d Class || 16 || 2 | 1 |  6 16 2 23 ||
+ Brig Truxton || 12 || — | 1 |  0 16 0 20 ||
+ Schooners || 10 || — | 1 |  0 12 0  0 ||
+ Steamers, 1st Class|| — || — | 1 |  1 18 3 18 ||
+ Steamers, 2d Class || — || — | 1 |  1 11 0 10 ||
+
+ ===================++==================================++
+ || =Chain Cables.= ||
+ ++------+------+--------------------++
+ =Names of Ships.= ||Bower.|Sheet.| Weight. ||
+ -------------------++------+------+--------------------++
+ || | |tons. cwt. qrs. lbs.||
+ Pennsylvania || 2 | 1 | 44  2 1 16 ||
+ Delaware || 2 | 1 | 44  2 1 16 ||
+ Franklin || 2 | 1 | 30  4  1 9 ||
+ Independence || 2 | 1 | 30  4  1 9 ||
+ Brandywine || 2 | 1 | 23  7  3 2 ||
+ Constellation || 2 | 1 | 19  3 1 15 ||
+ Sloops, 1st Class || 2 | 1 | 13 18 1 21 ||
+ Sloops, 2d Class || 2 | 1 | 12 19 3 14 ||
+ Sloops, 3d Class || 2 | 1 | 10 16  1 5 ||
+ Brig Truxton || 2 | 1 |  6 15 1 22 ||
+ Schooners || 2 | 1 |  5  6 0 12 ||
+ Steamers, 1st Class|| 2 | 1 | 17  8  2 2 ||
+ Steamers, 2d Class || 2 | 1 | 13 18 1 21 ||
+
+ ===================++====================++
+ || =Total Weight= of ||
+ ++ Hemp and Chain ++
+ =Names of Ships.= || Cables. ||
+ -------------------++--------------------++
+ ||tons. cwt. qrs. lbs.||
+ Pennsylvania || 63 10 0 13 ||
+ Delaware || 61 12 0 23 ||
+ Franklin || 46  6 3 13 ||
+ Independence || 43 19 0  8 ||
+ Brandywine || 36  8 3 13 ||
+ Constellation || 30 16 1 23 ||
+ Sloops, 1st Class || 22 18 0  8 ||
+ Sloops, 2d Class || 20 17 1  5 ||
+ Sloops, 3d Class || 17 13 0  3 ||
+ Brig Truxton ||  7 11 2 17 ||
+ Schooners ||  5 18 0 12 ||
+ Steamers, 1st Class|| 19  7 1 20 ||
+ Steamers, 2d Class || 15  9 2  6 ||
+
+ ===================++==========================================++
+ || =Anchors.= ||
+ ++------+------+-------+--------------------++
+ =Names of Ships.= ||Sheet.|Bower.|Stream.| Weight. ||
+ -------------------++------+------+-------+--------------------++
+ || | | |tons. cwt. qrs. lbs.||
+ Pennsylvania || 2 | 2 | 1 | 21 10 0 0 ||
+ Delaware || 2 | 2 | 1 | 19  8 0 0 ||
+ Franklin || 2 | 2 | 1 | 18  4 0 0 ||
+ Independence || 2 | 2 | 1 | 17  0 0 0 ||
+ Brandywine || 2 | 2 | 1 | 14 16 0 0 ||
+ Constellation || 2 | 2 | 1 | 11 13 0 0 ||
+ Sloops, 1st Class || 2 | 2 | 1 |  8  2 0 0 ||
+ Sloops, 2d Class || 2 | 2 | 1 |  7  1 0 0 ||
+ Sloops, 3d Class || 2 | 2 | 1 |  6  0 0 0 ||
+ Brig Truxton || 1 | 2 | 1 |  2 11 0 0 ||
+ Schooners || 1 | 2 | 1 |  2  7 0 0 ||
+ Steamers, 1st Class|| 1 | 2 | 1 |  9  1 0 0 ||
+ Steamers, 2d Class || 1 | 2 | 1 |  6  4 0 0 ||
+
+ ===================++====================
+ || =Total Weight=
+ ++ of Anchors
+ =Names of Ships.= || and Cables.
+ -------------------++--------------------
+ ||tons. cwt. qrs. lbs.
+ Pennsylvania || 85  0 0 13
+ Delaware || 81  0 0 23
+ Franklin || 64 10 3 13
+ Independence || 60 19 0  8
+ Brandywine || 51  4 3 13
+ Constellation || 42  9 1 23
+ Sloops, 1st Class || 31  0 0  8
+ Sloops, 2d Class || 27 18 1  5
+ Sloops, 3d Class || 23 13 0  3
+ Brig Truxton || 10  2 2 17
+ Schooners ||  8  5 0 12
+ Steamers, 1st Class|| 28  8 1 20
+ Steamers, 2d Class || 21 13 2  6
+
+[Illustration:
+
+ Ring.
+ Ring.
+
+ Square.
+ Nut.
+ Nut.
+
+ Small Round.
+
+ Stock.
+ Bill.
+
+ Palm.
+
+ Shank.
+ Trend.
+ Arm.
+ Shank.
+
+ Scarf.
+
+ Bill.
+
+ Palm.
+
+ Throat.
+ Blade.
+
+ Crown.
+ Arm.
+ Scarf.
+
+A Sketch, showing the Names of the different parts of an Anchor.]
+
+
+=493.--A Table Showing the Weight, Size and Length of Guns and
+Carriages, U. S. Navy.=
+
+ ==================+============+============+========+============
+ | WEIGHT | WEIGHT OF | LENGTH|
+ SIZE OF GUNS. | OF GUN. | CARRIAGE. | OF GUN.| TOTAL.
+ ------------------+------------+------------+--------+------------
+ |cwt.qrs.lbs.|cwt.qrs.lbs.|ft. in. |cwt.qrs.lbs.
+ 42 Pounder, Long | | | |
+ Gun, | 70 0 0 | — | 9 1 |
+ 32 Pounder,   | 61 0 0 | — | 9 2 |
+ 32 Pounder,   | 51 0 0 | 8 2  0 | 8 4 | 59 2  0
+ 32 Pounder,   | 60 0 0 | — | 9 2 |
+ 32 Pounder,   | 50 0 0 | — | 8 4 |
+ 32 Pounder,   | 42 2 0 | 8 1  0 | 8 2 | 50 3  0
+ 32 Pounder,   | 61 2 0 | 9 1  0 | 9 2 | 70 3  0
+ 32 Pounder,   | 41 0 0 | — | 8 0 |
+ 32 Pounder,   | 41 0 0 | 8 0  0 | 7 0 | 49 0  0
+ 32 Pounder,   | 32 0 0 | — | 6 7 |
+ 32 Pounder,   | 51 0 0 | — | 9 0 |
+ 32 Pounder,   | 43 0 0 | — | 8 0 |
+ 24 Pounder, Long | | | |
+ Medium, | 49 0 0 | 6 3  0 | 9 4¹⁄₂| 55 3  0
+ 24 Pounder,   | 49 0 0 | — | 8 4¹⁄₂|
+ 24 Pounder,   | 49 0 0 | 6 3  0 | 8 4 | 55 3  0
+ 24 Pounder,   | 32 0 0 | — | 6 7 |
+ 18 Pounder,   | 38 0 0 | 5 2  0 | 8 0 | 43 2  0
+ 18 Pounder,   | 40 0 0 | 5 2  0 | 9 2 | 45 2  0
+ 18 Pounder,   | 36 0 0 | — | 7 7¹⁄₂|
+ 12 Pounder,   | 23 0 0 | 4 3  0 | 6 8¹⁄₂| 27 3  0
+ 9 Pounder,   | 18 0 0 | — 6 | 1 |
+ 9 Pounder,   | 18 0 0 | 3 3  0 | 5 11 | 21 3  0
+ 12 inch Peace | | | |
+ Maker, |150 0  0 | | |
+ 10 inch Shell Gun,|136 3  0 | | |
+ 8 inch Shell Gun,| 63 0 0 | — | 8 10 |
+ 8 inch Shell Gun,| 68 2 0 | — | 9 1 |
+ 8 inch Shell Gun,| 64 0 0 | — | 8 10 |
+ 8 inch Shell Gun,| 53 0 0 | — | 8 4 |
+ CARRONADES. | | | |
+ 42 Pounder, | 27 0 0 | 7 2  0 | 4 3 | 34 2  0
+ 32 Pounder, | 20 0 0 | — | 4 1 |
+ 32 Pounder, | 21 0 0 | — | 4 2 |
+ 32 Pounder, | 19 0 0 | 6 2 14 | — | 25 2 14
+ 24 Pounder, | 13 0 0 | 5 2  0 | 3 7 | 18 2  0
+ 24 Pounder, | 15 0 0 | 6 0  0 | 3 9 | 21 0  0
+ ==================+============+============+========+============
+
+
+=494.--A Table showing the Weight of Chain Cable.=
+
+ Pounds.
+ 150 Fathoms of 2¹⁄₄ inch weighs 45 249
+ 150 „ 2¹⁄₈ „ 37 400
+ 150 „ 2 „ 37 372
+ 150 „ 1¹⁵⁄₁₆ „ 34 125
+ 150 „ 1⁷⁄₈ „ 32 225
+ 150 „ 1³⁄₄ „ 27 192
+ 150 „ 1¹¹⁄₁₆ „ 25 350
+ 150 „ 1⁵⁄₈ „ 23 934
+ 150 „ 1³⁄₈ „ 17 204
+ 150 „ 1¹⁄₄ „ 14 384
+ 150 „ 1¹⁄₈ „ 11 921
+
+
+=495.--A Table showing how many Fathoms make 112 Pounds of 4-strand
+shroud-laid Rope.=
+
+ 486 fath. 0 feet 0 in. of 1 inch in size.
+ 313 „ 3 „ 0 „ 1¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 216 „ 3 „ 0 „ 1¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 159 „ 3 „ 0 „ 1³⁄₄ „ „
+ 124 „ 3 „ 0 „ 2 „ „
+ 96 „ 2 „ 0 „ 2¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 77 „ 3 „ 0 „ 2¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 65 „ 4 „ 0 „ 2³⁄₄ „ „
+ 54 „ 0 „ 0 „ 3 „ „
+ 45 „ 5 „ 2 „ 3¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 39 „ 3 „ 0 „ 3¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 34 „ 3 „ 9 „ 3³⁄₄ „ „
+ 30 „ 1 „ 6 „ 4 „ „
+ 26 „ 5 „ 0 „ 4¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 24 „ 0 „ 0 „ 4¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 21 „ 3 „ 0 „ 4³⁄₄ „ „
+ 19 „ 3 „ 0 „ 5 „ „
+ 17 „ 4 „ 0 „ 5¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 16 „ 1 „ 0 „ 5¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 14 „ 4 „ 0 „ 5³⁄₄ „ „
+ 13 „ 3 „ 0 „ 6 „ „
+ 12 „ 2 „ 0 „ 6¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 11 „ 3 „ 0 „ 6¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 10 „ 4 „ 0 „ 6³⁄₄ „ „
+ 9 „ 5 „ 0 „ 7 „ „
+ 9 „ 1 „ 0 „ 7¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 8 „ 4 „ 0 „ 7¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 8 „ 3 „ 6 „ 7³⁄₄ „ „
+ 7 „ 3 „ 6 „ 8 „ „
+ 7 „ 0 „ 8 „ 8¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 6 „ 4 „ 3 „ 8¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 6 „ 2 „ 1 „ 8³⁄₄ „ „
+ 6 „ 0 „ 0 „ 9 „ „
+ 5 „ 4 „ 0 „ 9¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 5 „ 2 „ 0 „ 9¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 5 „ 0 „ 0 „ 9³⁄₄ „ „
+ 4 „ 5 „ 0 „ 10 „ „
+ 4 „ 4 „ 1 „ 10¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 4 „ 2 „ 1 „ 10¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 4 „ 1 „ 0 „ 10³⁄₄ „ „
+ 4 „ 0 „ 3 „ 11 „ „
+ 3 „ 5 „ 7 „ 11¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 3 „ 4 „ 1 „ 11¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 3 „ 3 „ 3 „ 11³⁄₄ „ „
+ 3 „ 2 „ 3 „ 12 „ „
+ 3 „ 2 „ 1 „ 12¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 3 „ 2 „ 0 „ 12¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 3 „ 1 „ 8 „ 12³⁄₄ „ „
+ 2 „ 5 „ 3 „ 13 „ „
+ 2 „ 4 „ 9 „ 13¹⁄₄ „ „
+ 2 „ 4 „ 0 „ 13¹⁄₂ „ „
+ 2 „ 3 „ 6 „ 13³⁄₄ „ „
+ 2 „ 2 „ 4 „ 14 „ „
+
+
+=496.--Weight of one Foot of Bar Iron of the following forms.=
+
+ ==========+=======+==========+=======
+ THICKNESS.|SQUARE.|OCTAGONAL.| ROUND.
+ ----------+-------+----------+-------
+ Inches. |Pounds.| Pounds. |Pounds.
+ 3 | 29.45 | 24.27 | 23.14
+ 2¹⁄₂ | 20.45 | 16.85 | 16.07
+ 2¹⁄₄ | 16.56 | 13.65 | 13.02
+ 2 | 13.09 | 10.79 | 10.29
+ 1⁷⁄₈ | 11.50 | 9.48 | 9.04
+ 1³⁄₄ | 10.02 | 8.26 | 7.87
+ 1⁵⁄₈ | 8.64 | 7.12 | 6.79
+ 1¹⁄₂ | 7.36 | 6.07 | 5.78
+ 1³⁄₈ | 6.19 | 5.10 | 4.86
+ 1¹⁄₄ | 5.11 | 4.14 | 4.02
+ 1¹⁄₈ | 4.14 | 3.41 | 3.25
+ 1 | 3.27 | 2.70 | 2.57
+ ⁷⁄₈ | 2.51 | 2.06 | 1.97
+ ³⁄₄ | 1.84 | 1.52 | 1.45
+ ⁵⁄₈ | 1.28 | 1.05 | 1.00
+ ¹⁄₂ | .81 | .67 | .64
+ ³⁄₈ | .46 | .38 | .36
+ ¹⁄₄ | .17 | .17 | .16
+ ==========+========+=========+=======
+
+ NOTE.--The above Table shows pounds and hundredths of pounds.
+
+
+=497.--A Table showing the Weight of 100 Fathoms of Cable-laid Rope,
+from 2 to 26 inches.=
+
+ALSO A COMPARATIVE SIZE OF CHAIN.
+
+ =======+========+==============+======
+ | | | CHAIN
+ SIZE. |THREADS.| WEIGHT. |EQUAL.
+ -------+--------+--------------+------
+ | |cwt. qrs. lbs.|
+ 2 |   27 | 3 26 |
+ 2¹⁄₂ |   36 |   1 1  8 |
+ 3 |   54 |   1 3 25 |
+ 3¹⁄₂ |   72 |   2 2 16 |
+ 4 |   99 |   3 1  6 | ³⁄₈
+ 4¹⁄₂ |  108 |   3 3 24 |
+ 5 |  135 |   4 3 23 |
+ 5¹⁄₂ |  162 |   5 3 22 |
+ 6 |  189 |   6 3 21 |
+ 6¹⁄₂ |  216 |   7 3 21 |
+ 7 |  252 |   9 1  1 |
+ 7¹⁄₂ |  288 |  10 2  9 |
+ 8 |  336 |  12 0 26 | ³⁄₄
+ 8¹⁄₂ |  378 |  13 3 15 |
+ 9 |  423 |  15 2 25 |
+ 9¹⁄₂ |  468 |  17 0 22 | ⁷⁄₈
+ 10 |  522 |  19 0 21 | 1
+ 10¹⁄₂ |  576 |  21 0 19 | 1
+ 11 |  630 |  23 0 18 |
+ 11¹⁄₂ |  684 |  25 0 15 | 1¹⁄₈
+ 12 |  747 |  27 1 23 | 1¹⁄₈
+ 12¹⁄₂ |  810 |  29 3  3 |
+ 13 |  882 |  32 1 19 |
+ 13¹⁄₂ |  954 |  35 0  7 | 1¹⁄₄
+ 14 | 1026 |  37 2 24 |
+ 14¹⁄₂ | 1098 |  40 1 12 | 1³⁄₈
+ 15 | 1170 |  43 0  1 |
+ 15¹⁄₂ | 1251 |  45 3 26 | 1¹⁄₂
+ 16 | 1332 |  48 3 24 |
+ 16¹⁄₂ | 1413 |  51 3 21 |
+ 17 | 1503 |  55 1  0 | 1⁵⁄₈
+ 17¹⁄₂ | 1593 |  58 2  6 |
+ 18 | 1683 |  61 3 13 | 1³⁄₄
+ 18¹⁄₂ | 1782 |  65 2  1 |
+ 19 | 1881 |  69 0 17 | 1⁷⁄₈
+ 19¹⁄₂ | 1980 |  72 3  4 |
+ 20 | 2088 |  76 3  1 |
+ 20¹⁄₂ | 2187 |  80 1 16 |
+ 21 | 2295 |  84 1 14 | 2
+ 21¹⁄₂ | 2403 |  88 1 10 |
+ 22 | 2520 |  92 2 16 |
+ 22¹⁄₂ | 2646 |  97 1  3 |
+ 23 | 2763 | 101 2  8 | 2¹⁄₈
+ 23¹⁄₂ | 2880 | 105 3 14 |
+ 24 | 3006 | 110 2  1 | 2¹⁄₈
+ 24¹⁄₂ | 3132 | 115 0 16 |
+ 25 | 3235 | 119 3  2 | 2¹⁄₈
+ 25¹⁄₂ | 3393 | 124 2 16 |
+ 26 | 3528 | 129 2 22 | 2¹⁄₈
+ =======+========+==============+======
+
+ NOTE.--The Size Chain are set down opposite their respective Hemp
+ Cables, as near as can be calculated, within a fraction.
+
+
+=498.--A Table for showing the Strength of Hemp Cables; their Weight,
+Size, and Number of Yarns in each.=
+
+ =======+======+===========+=================+======
+ Size |Number| Weight of |BREAKING STRAIN IN TONS.
+ in | of |100 Fathoms+--------+--------+------
+ Inches.|Yarns.| in lbs. |Maximum.|Minimum.| Mean.
+ -------+------+-----------+--------+--------+------
+ 26 | 3528 | 14112 | 122.2 | 105.9 | 111.6
+ 25¹⁄₂ | 3393 | 13572 | 117.5 | 101.9 | 107.3
+ 25 | 3267 | 13068 | 113. | 98. | 103.2
+ 24¹⁄₂ | 3122 | 12488 | 114.4 | 94.4 | 102.5
+ 24 | 3006 | 12024 | 115.7 | 91. | 101.9
+ 23¹⁄₂ | 2880 | 11520 | 117. | 87.6 | 101.3
+ 23 | 2763 | 11052 | 118.3 | 84.2 | 100.7
+ 22¹⁄₂ | 2646 | 10584 | 119.5 | 81. | 100.1
+ 22 | 2529 | 10116 | 111.4 | 77.9 | 95.
+ 21¹⁄₂ | 2412 |  9648 | 103.5 | 74.9 | 90.1
+ 21 | 2304 |  9216 | 95.8 | 72. | 85.3
+ 20¹⁄₂ | 2196 |  8784 | 88.3 | 69.2 | 80.6
+ 20 | 2088 |  8352 | 81. | 66.5 | 76.1
+ 19¹⁄₂ | 1980 |  7920 | 76.7 | 62.1 | 71.3
+ 19 | 1881 |  7524 | 72.6 | 57.9 | 66.6
+ 18¹⁄₂ | 1782 |  7128 | 68.6 | 53.8 | 62.1
+ 18 | 1692 |  6768 | 64.7 | 49.8 | 57.7
+ 17¹⁄₂ | 1597 |  6388 | 61. | 46. | 53.4
+ 17 | 1512 |  6048 | 57.3 | 44.9 | 51.
+ 16¹⁄₂ | 1422 |  5688 | 53.9 | 43.8 | 48.7
+ 16 | 1332 |  5328 | 50.5 | 42.8 | 46.5
+ 15¹⁄₂ | 1251 |  5004 | 47.3 | 41.9 | 44.3
+ 15 | 1179 |  4716 | 44.2 | 41. | 42.3
+ 14¹⁄₂ | 1098 |  4392 | 41.6 | 38.4 | 39.9
+ 14 | 1026 |  4104 | 39.1 | 36. | 37.6
+ 13¹⁄₂ |  954 |  3816 | 36.7 | 33.6 | 35.4
+ 13 |  882 |  3528 | 34.4 | 31.3 | 33.3
+ 12¹⁄₂ |  810 |  3240 | 32.2 | 29.2 | 31.3
+ 12 |  756 |  3024 | 29.8 | 26.6 | 28.6
+ 11¹⁄₂ |  693 |  2772 | 27.6 | 24.2 | 26.1
+ 11 |  630 |  2520 | 25.5 | 21.8 | 23.7
+ 10¹⁄₂ |  576 |  2304 | 23.4 | 19.6 | 21.4
+ 10 |  522 |  2088 | 21.5 | 17.5 | 19.2
+ 9¹⁄₂ |  468 |  1872 | 19. | 15.7 | 17.1
+ 9 |  432 |  1728 | 16.7 | 14. | 15.2
+ 8¹⁄₂ |  396 |  1584 | 14.6 | 12.4 | 13.4
+ 8 |  315 |  1260 | 12.6 | 10.9 | 11.7
+ 7¹⁄₂ |  288 |  1152 | 10.7 | 9.5 | 10.2
+ 7 |  252 |  1008 | 9.3 | 8.2 | 8.8
+ 6¹⁄₂ |  216 |   864 | 8.1 | 7. | 7.5
+ 6 |  189 |   756 | 7. | 5.8 | 6.3
+ 5¹⁄₂ |  162 |   648 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 5.3
+ 5 |  135 |   540 | 5. | 3.9 | 4.3
+ 4¹⁄₂ |  108 |   432 | 4. | 3.1 | 3.4
+ 4 |   90 |   360 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.7
+ 3¹⁄₂ |   69 |   276 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.1
+ 3 |   54 |   216 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.5
+ =======+======+===========+========+========+======
+
+ NOTE.--The above Table shows tons and hundredths of tons.
+
+
+=499.--A Table showing the Strength of Plain-laid Rope of three
+Strands.=
+
+ =====+========+=======+==================
+ | | | BREAKING STRAIN
+ | | Weight| IN TONS.
+ | Number | of 100+-----+-----+------
+ |of Yarns|Fathoms|Maxi-|Mini-|
+ Size.|in Rope.|in lbs.| mum.| mum.| Mean.
+ -----+--------+-------+-----+-----+------
+ 12 | 1173 | 2940 |45.5 |35. |40.
+ 11¹⁄₂| 1077 | — |41.7 |32. |36.7
+ 11 |  987 | — |38.2 |29.3 |33.6
+ 10¹⁄₂|  900 | — |34.9 |26.7 |30.7
+ 10 |  816 | 2136 |31.7 |24.2 |27.9
+ 9¹⁄₂|  738 | — |28.6 |21.8 |25.2
+ 9 |  660 | 1712 |25.7 |19.6 |22.6
+ 8¹⁄₂|  591 | — |23. |17.5 |20.2
+ 8 |  522 | 1379 |20.4 |15.5 |18.
+ 7¹⁄₂|  459 | — |18. |13.6 |15.8
+ 7 |  399 | — |15.8 |11.8 |13.8
+ 6¹⁄₂|  345 | — |13.7 |10.2 |12.
+ 6 |  294 |  834 |11.75| 8.7 |10.3
+ 5¹⁄₂|  249 |  712 | 9.8 | 7.3 | 8.7
+ 5 |  204 | — | 8.2 | 6.1 | 7.2
+ 4¹⁄₂|  168 |  413 | 6.7 | 5. | 5.9
+ 4 |  132 | — | 5.3 | 4. | 4.7
+ 3¹⁄₂|  102 | — | 4.1 | 3.2 | 3.7
+ 3 |   75 |  203 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 2.8
+ 2¹⁄₄|   54 | — | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.1
+ 2 |   33 | — | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.4
+ 1³⁄₄|   27 | — | 1.28| 1.13| 1.23
+ 1¹⁄₂|   21 | — | .90| .86| .88
+ 1¹⁄₄|   15 | — | .60| .53| .56
+ 1 |   12 | — | .58| .46| .51
+ ³⁄₄|    9 | — | .51| .42| .46
+ ¹⁄₂|    6 | — | .28| .28| .28
+ =====+========+=======+=====+=====+======
+
+ NOTE.--The above Table shows tons and hundredths of tons.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=500.--A Table for showing the Strength of Chain Cable, as tested in
+Fifteen Fathom Lengths.=
+
+ ======+========+=======+===================
+ | | | BREAKING STRAIN
+ |Required| Weight| IN TONS.
+ |Testing | of 100+------+------+-----
+ |Strain |Fathoms| Maxi-| Mini-|
+ Size.|in Tons.|in lbs.| mum. | mum. |Mean.
+ ------+--------+-------+------+------+-----
+ 2¹⁄₄ | 91¹⁄₄ | 27216 |130.3 |121.8 |125.9
+ 2¹⁄₈ | 81¹⁄₄ | 24276 |116.2 |108.6 |112.3
+ 2 | 72 | 21504 |103. | 96.25| 99.5
+ 1⁷⁄₈ | 63¹⁄₄ | 18900 | 99. | 88. | 92.8
+ 1³⁄₄ | 55¹⁄₈ | 16464 | 85.25| 65. | 74.1
+ 1⁵⁄₈ | 47¹⁄₂ | 14196 | 75. | 59.5 | 66.5
+ 1¹⁄₂ | 40¹⁄₂ | 12096 | 65.5 | 54.5 | 59.5
+ 1³⁄₈ | 34 | 10164 | 53.6 | 44.4 | 48.5
+ 1¹⁄₄ | 28¹⁄₂ |  8400 | 42.8 | 35.3 | 38.5
+ 1¹⁄₈ | 22³⁄₄ |  6804 | 33. | 27. | 29.5
+ 1 | 18 |  5376 | 27.25| 22. | 24.3
+ ⁷⁄₈ | 13³⁄₄ |  4116 | 22.5 | 20.3 | 21.1
+ ³⁄₄ | 10¹⁄₈ |  3024 | 15. | 12.5 | 13.5
+ ¹¹⁄₁₆| 8¹⁄₂ |  2541 | 12.3 | 10.8 | 11.4
+ ⁵⁄₈ | 7 |  2100 | 9.87| 9.37| 9.5
+ ⁹⁄₁₆ | 5¹⁄₂ |  1701 | | |
+ ¹⁄₂ | 4¹⁄₂ |  1344 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.
+ ------+--------+-------+------+------+-----
+
+ NOTE.--The above Table shows tons and hundredths of tons.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=501.--A Table showing the Strength of Short Round-linked Bobstay,
+Bowsprit-shroud or Crane Chain, without Studs, such as is used for
+Rigging, &c.=
+
+ ======+=======+====================+=========
+ | | BREAKING STRAIN |
+ |Weight | IN TONS. |
+ |of 100 +------+------+------+Required
+ |Fathoms| Maxi-| Mini-| |Test of
+ Size.|in lbs.| mum. | mum. | Mean.|Strength.
+ ------+-------+------+------+------+---------
+ 1⁵⁄₈ | 15569 | 75. | 68. | 73. | 31.6
+ 1¹⁄₂ | — | 64. | 58.2 | 62.3 | 27.
+ 1⁷⁄₁₆ | — | 59. | 53.8 | 57.4 | 24.7
+ 1³⁄₈ | — | 54.2 | 49.6 | 52.8 | 22.6
+ 1⁵⁄₁₆ | — | 49.7 | 45.5 | 48.4 | 20.6
+ 1¹⁄₄ | — | 45.3 | 41.7 | 44.1 | 18.8
+ 1³⁄₁₆ | — | 41.2 | 38. | 40.1 | 17.
+ 1¹⁄₈ |  7481 | 37.3 | 34.5 | 36.3 | 15.3
+ 1¹⁄₁₆ | — | 33.6 | 31.2 | 32.7 | 13.6
+ 1 |  6490 | 30.1 | 28.1 | 29.3 | 12.
+ ¹⁵⁄₁₆|  5600 | 26.8 | 25.2 | 26.1 | 10.5
+ ⁷⁄₈ |  4500 | 23.7 | 22.5 | 23.1 | 9.1
+ ¹³⁄₁₆|  4000 | 20.9 | 20. | 20.4 | 7.9
+ ³⁄₄ |  3449 | 17.8 | 16.6 | 17.3 | 6.8
+ ¹¹⁄₁₆|  2900 | 14.9 | 13.5 | 14.6 | 5.6
+ ⁵⁄₈ |  2538 | 12.3 | 10.8 | 12. | 4.6
+ ⁹⁄₁₆ |  2001 | 10. | 8.7 | 9.7 | 3.8
+ ¹⁄₂ |  1583 | 7.9 | 6.9 | 7.7 | 3.
+ ⁷⁄₁₆ |  1060 | 6. | 5.2 | 5.9 | 2.3
+ ³⁄₈ |   827 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 1.6
+ ⁵⁄₁₆ |   581 | 3. | 2.7 | 3. | 1.1
+ ¹⁄₄ |   392 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.9 | .75
+ ³⁄₁₆ | — | 1.1 | .97| 1. | .42
+ ======+=======+======+======+======+=========
+
+ NOTE.--The above Table shows tons and hundredths of tons.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+=502.--Weight of Timber in a green and seasoned State.=
+
+ ===========++==================
+ || Weight of
+ || Cubic Foot.
+ Description++--------+---------
+ of Timber. || Green. |Seasoned.
+ -----------++----+---+----+----
+ ||lbs.|oz.|lbs.|oz.
+ Live Oak || 76 | 10| 70 |  8
+ White Oak || 59 | 14| 54 |  0
+ Red Oak || 63 | 12| 60 | 10
+ Hickory || 58 | 14| 52 | 15
+ Locust || 60 | 12| 56 |  4
+ Cypress || 48 |  3| 36 |  0
+ Cedar || 32 |  0| 30 |  4
+ Maple || 45 |  0| 34 |  4
+ Yellow Pine|| 48 | 12| 35 |  8
+ White Pine || 36 | 12| 30 | 11
+ Spruce || 43 | 15| 28 | 14
+ Elm || 56 |  8| 37 |  5
+ Beech || 60 |  0| 53 |  6
+ White Ash || 58 |  3| 50 |  0
+ ===========++====+===+====+====
+
+ NOTE.--The average weight of the different species of timber, used in
+ building and equipping ships-of-war in the United States’ Navy, may
+ be reckoned about 50 lbs. to the cubic foot.
+
+
+=503.--A Table of Measures and Weights of different Substances.=
+
+ ==============================================================
+ Cub. in. lbs. oz.
+ A ton of water (net weight), 250 gallons.
+ A cubic foot of Water (specific gravity) — 62 9
+ „ „ Sea-water — 64 2
+ „ „ New York Harbor-water — 63 14
+ „ „ Cork — 15 0
+ „ „ Tallow — 59 0
+ „ „ Platina — 1218.75
+ „ „ Copper — 486.75
+ „ „ Lead — 700.05
+ „ „ Steel — 489.08
+ „ „ Cast Iron — 450.45
+ A Bushel of Beans 100. 63.
+ A Cord of Wood (stowage) 128. 1700.
+ The Weight of a Man and his Effects is from 2 to 2¹⁄₂ cwt.
+
+ NOTE.--The above table will be found useful in making calculations of
+ stowage, and also in keeping the ship properly trimmed.
+
+
+=504.--A Table of Weight of Tarred Cordage.=
+
+ CABLES.
+ cwt. qr. lbs.
+   1 Fathom of 24 inch weighs 1 1  4
+   1 „ 22 „  1 0  9
+   1 „ 20 „  0 3 16
+   1 „ 19 „  0 3  6
+   1 „ 17 „  0 2 16
+   1 „ 16 „  0 2  8
+   1 „ 15 „  0 1 27
+ 100 Fathoms of 14 „ 41 2 20
+ 100 „ 13¹⁄₂ „ 38 3  1
+ 100 „ 13 „ 35 3  9
+ 100 „ 12¹⁄₂ „ 32 3 17
+ 100 „ 11¹⁄₂ „ 30 1 10
+ 100 „ 11 „ 26 1 19
+ 100 „ 10¹⁄₂ „ 23 1 17
+ 100 „ 10 „ 21 0  3
+
+ HAWSERS OF 130 FATHOMS.
+
+ 130 Fathoms of 6¹⁄₂ inch weighs 13 1 11
+ 130 „ 6 „ 11 1 13
+ 130 „ 5¹⁄₂ „  9 2  2
+ 130 „ 5 „  7 3 19
+ 130 „ 4¹⁄₂ „  6 1 22
+ 130 „ 4 „  5 0 14
+ 130 „ 3¹⁄₂ „  3 3  7
+ 130 „ 3 „ 2 3 20
+ 130 „ 2¹⁄₂ „  2 0  5
+ 130 „ 2 „  1 1  6
+ 130 „ 1¹⁄₂ „  0 3 13
+ 130 „ 1 „  0 1 20
+ 130 „ ³⁄₄ „  0 1  4
+
+ HAWSERS OF 120 FATHOMS.
+
+ 120 Fathoms of 9¹⁄₂ inch weighs 22 2  9
+ 120 „ 9 „ 20 1 17
+ 120 „ 8¹⁄₂ „ 18 0 26
+ 120 „ 8 „ 16 0  6
+ 120 „ 7¹⁄₂ „ 13 3 16
+ 120 „ 7 „ 12 0 18
+ 120 „ 6¹⁄₂ „ 10 1 19
+ 120 „ 6 „  9 0 12
+ 120 „ 5¹⁄₂ „  7 3  7
+ 120 „ 5 „  6 2  1
+ 120 „ 4¹⁄₂ „  5 0 23
+ 120 „ 4 „  4 0 18
+ 120 „ 3¹⁄₂ „  3 1 22
+ 120 „ 3 „  2 2 11
+ 120 „ 2¹⁄₂ „  1 3  0
+ 120 „ 2 „  1 1  4
+
+
+=505.--A Table showing the comparative Strength between Iron Chains and
+Hemp Cables.=
+
+_Also the Size required agreeably to Tonnage, with the Weight equal to
+Cable._
+
+ =========================+========+=====+==========+==========+=======
+ | | Size| Weight | | Weight
+ |Vessel’s| of | of | Proof | per
+ SIZE OF CHAIN. |Tonnage.|Rope.| Anchor. | required.|Fathom.
+ -------------------------+--------+-----+----------+----------+-------
+ Five-sixteenths of an | | | | |
+ inch | — | 2¹⁄₂| — | ³⁄₄ ton.| 5¹⁄₂
+ Three-eighths of an inch | — | 3¹⁄₄| — | 1¹⁄₂ | 8
+ Seven-sixteenths of an | | | | |
+ inch | — | 4 | — | 2¹⁄₂ | 11
+ One-half of an inch |  20 | 4³⁄₄| 1¹⁄₂ cwt.| 3 | 14
+ Nine-sixteenth of an inch|  30 | 5¹⁄₂| 2 | 4¹⁄₂ | 18
+ Five-eighths of an inch |  40 | 6¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₂ | 6 | 24
+ Eleven-sixteenths of an | | | | |
+ inch | 50 | 7 | 3 | 7¹⁄₂ | 28
+ Three-quarters of an inch|  60 | 7³⁄₄| 4 | 9 | 32
+ Thirteen-sixteenths of an| | | | |
+ inch |  75 | 8¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂ |11 | 38
+ Seven-eighths of an inch |  95 | 9¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₂ |13 | 44
+ Fifteen-sixteenths of an | | | | |
+ inch | 120 |10 | 6¹⁄₂ |15 | 50
+ One inch | 150 |10³⁄₄| 8 |17 | 56
+ One and one-sixteenth | | | | |
+ inch | 180 |11¹⁄₄| 9 |19 | 62
+ One and one-eighth inch | 210 |12 |10¹⁄₂ |21¹⁄₂ | 70
+ One and three-sixteenths | | | | |
+ inch | 240 |12³⁄₄|12 |24 | 78
+ One and one-quarter inch | 280 |13¹⁄₂|13¹⁄₂ |27 | 86
+ One and five-sixteenths | | | | |
+ inch | 320 |14¹⁄₄|15 |30 | 96
+ One and three-eighths | | | | |
+ inch | 360 |15 |16¹⁄₂ |33 |108
+ One and seven-sixteenths | | | | |
+ inch | 400 |15¹⁄₂|18 |36 |115
+ One and one-half inch | 450 |16 |20 |40 |125
+
+
+=506.--A Table showing the Length, Breadth and Strength of Flax and
+Cotton Canvass, as used in U. S. N.=
+
+_Together with the Number, Length and Breadth of Strips cut crosswise
+and lengthwise, used in the test of Strength, and the average weight
+required of them, before received for use._
+
+ =============================+======+=======+=======+=========+
+ | | | | |
+ | | | | |
+ | | | | |
+ | | | | |
+ | | | | |
+ | | | | |
+ | | | | |
+ |Number| | | |
+ | of | | | Distance|
+ | yards| Weight|Breadth| of blue |
+ | in | of | of |thread fm|
+ NUMBER OF CANVASS. | Bolt.| Bolt. |Canvas.|selvagee.|
+ -----------------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+
+ |Yards.|lbs.oz.|Inches.| Inches. |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 1, | 40 | 42. | 20 | 1³⁄₄ |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 2, | 40 | 38. | 20 | 1³⁄₄ |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 3, | 40 | 35. | 20 | 1⁵⁄₈ |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 4, | 40 | 32. | 20 | 1⁵⁄₈ |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 5, | 40 | 29. | 20 | 1⁵⁄₈ |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 6, | 40 | 26. | 20 | 1⁵⁄₈ |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 7, | 40 | 23. | 20 | 1¹⁄₄ |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 8, | 40 | 20. | 20 | 1¹⁄₄ |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 9, | 40 | 18.6 | 20 | 1¹⁄₄ |
+ | | | | |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 1, | 50 | 42. | 20 | 1⁷⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 2, | 50 | 42. | 20 | 1⁷⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 3, | 50 | 40. | 20 | 1⁵⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 4, | 50 | 38. | 20 | 1⁵⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 5, | 50 | 36. | 20 | 1³⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 6, | 50 | 34. | 20 | 1³⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 7, | 50 | 32. | 20 | 1¹⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 8, | 50 | 30. | 20 | 1¹⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 9, | 50 | 28. | 20 | ⁷⁄₈ |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 10, | 50 | 26. | 20 | ⁷⁄₈ |
+ | | | | |
+ Hammock and Bag Stuff, No. 1,| 50 | 105. | 42 | 1⁵⁄₈ |
+ Hammock and Bag Stuff, No. 4,| 50 | 75. | 42 | 1⁵⁄₈ |
+
+ =============================+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
+ | | | | | |
+ | | | | | |
+ | | | | | |
+ | | | | | |
+ | | | | | |
+ | | | | | |
+ | |Breadth| Length|Breadth| Length|
+ | Number| of | of | of | of |
+ | of |Strips,|Strips,|Strips,|Strips,|
+ | Strips| cut | cut | cut | cut |
+ |cut for| cross-| cross-|length-|length-|
+ NUMBER OF CANVASS. |a test.| wise. | wise. | wise. | wise. |
+ -----------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
+ |Number.|Inches.|Inches.|Inches.|Inches.|
+ Flax Canvas, No. 1, | 6 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 24 |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 2, | 6 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 24 |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 3, | 6 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 24 |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 4, | 6 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 24 |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 5, | 6 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 24 |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 6, | 6 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 24 |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 7, | 6 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 24 |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 8, | 6 | 1¹⁄₄ | 20 | 1¹⁄₄ | 24 |
+ Flax Canvas, No. 9, | 6 | 1¹⁄₄ | 20 | 1¹⁄₄ | 24 |
+ | | | | | |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 1, | }Used for the purpose of making
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 2, | }Tarpaulins, &c.
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 3, |}Used for Hammock-cloths, Awnings,
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 4, |}Boom-covers, &c.
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 5, | }Used for making Studding-sail and Fore
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 6, | }and Aft Sail Covers, &c.
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 7, |}Used for Boats’ Awnings, Awning
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 8, |}Curtains, &c.
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 9, | }Used for Gigs’ Sails, Side-screens,
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 10, | }&c.
+ |
+ Hammock and Bag Stuff, No. 1,|Used for making Hammocks.
+ Hammock and Bag Stuff, No. 4,|Used for making Clothes-bags.
+
+ =============================+========+========
+ | Average| Average
+ | weight | weight
+ |required|required
+ | to be | to be
+ | borne | borne
+ | by 3 | by 3
+ | strips | strips
+ | sepa- | sepa-
+ | rately,| rately,
+ | cut | cut
+ | cross- | length-
+ NUMBER OF CANVASS. | wise. | wise.
+ -----------------------------+--------+--------
+ | lbs. | lbs.
+ Flax Canvas, No. 1, | 470 | 316
+ Flax Canvas, No. 2, | 420 | 280
+ Flax Canvas, No. 3, | 370 | 250
+ Flax Canvas, No. 4, | 340 | 230
+ Flax Canvas, No. 5, | 320 | 216
+ Flax Canvas, No. 6, | 300 | 200
+ Flax Canvas, No. 7, | 280 | 193
+ Flax Canvas, No. 8, | 300 | 213
+ Flax Canvas, No. 9, | 298 | 210
+ | |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 1, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 2, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 3, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 4, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 5, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 6, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 7, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 8, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 9, |
+ Cotton Canvas, No. 10, |
+ |
+ Hammock and Bag Stuff, No. 1,|
+ Hammock and Bag Stuff, No. 4,|
+
+ NOTE.--There is no test required for strength for Cotton Canvass, it
+ not being used for making sails in the Navy.
+
+
+=507.--Cordage Table, showing the Weight of one Fathom Rope, from 1
+inch to 24 inches inclusive, plain laid 3-strand, such as used for
+running rigging, &c.=
+
+ Size Rope. lbs.oz.
+ 1 inch weighs .3³⁄₄
+ 1¹⁄₄ „ „ .5³⁄₄
+ 1¹⁄₂ „ „ .8¹⁄₄
+ 1³⁄₄ „ „ .11¹⁄₄
+ 2 „ „ .14³⁄₄
+ 2¹⁄₄ „ „ 1.2²⁄₃
+ 2¹⁄₂ „ „ 1.7
+ 2³⁄₄ „ „ 1.11⁷⁄₈
+ 3 „ „ 2.1¹⁄₅
+ 3¹⁄₄ „ „ 2.7
+ 3¹⁄₂ „ „ 2.13¹⁄₅
+ 3³⁄₄ „ „ 3.2³⁄₈
+ 4 „ „ 3.11
+ 4¹⁄₄ „ „ 4.1³⁄₈
+ 4¹⁄₂ „ „ 4.10²⁄₃
+ 4³⁄₄ „ „ 5.3³⁄₈
+ 5 „ „ 5.12¹⁄₄
+ 5¹⁄₄ „ „ 6.5²⁄₃
+ 5¹⁄₂ „ „ 7.
+ 5³⁄₄ „ „ 7.9⁷⁄₈
+ 6 „ „ 8.4³⁄₄
+ 6¹⁄₄ „ „ 9.
+ 6¹⁄₂ „ „ 9.11³⁄₄
+ 6³⁄₄ „ „ 10.8
+ 7 „ „ 11.4²⁄₃
+ 7¹⁄₄ „ „ 12.2
+ 7¹⁄₂ „ „ 13.0³⁄₈
+ 7³⁄₄ „ „ 13.13²⁄₃
+ 8 „ „ 14.12¹⁄₃
+ 8¹⁄₄ „ „ 15.11¹⁄₂
+ 8¹⁄₂ „ „ 16.10¹⁄₂
+ 8³⁄₄ „ „ 17.10¹⁄₂
+ 9 „ „ 18.10²⁄₃
+ 9¹⁄₄ „ „ 19.11³⁄₈
+ 9¹⁄₂ „ „ 20.13³⁄₈
+ 9³⁄₄ „ „ 21.14²⁄₃
+ 10 „ „ 23.1¹⁄₂
+ 10¹⁄₄ „ „ 24.3¹⁄₂
+ 10¹⁄₂ „ „ 25.7
+ 10³⁄₄ „ „ 26.11³⁄₈
+ 11 „ „ 27.14¹⁄₂
+ 11¹⁄₄ „ „ 29.1¹⁄₄
+ 11¹⁄₂ „ „ 30.9
+ 11³⁄₄ „ „ 31.14
+ 12³⁄₄ „ „ 37.8
+ 12 „ „ 33.3
+ 12¹⁄₄ „ „ 34.9¹⁄₂
+ 12¹⁄₂ „ „ 36.
+ 12³⁄₄ „ „ 37.8
+ 13 „ „ 38.15
+ 13¹⁄₄ „ „ 40.8¹⁄₄
+ 13¹⁄₂ „ „ 42.
+ 13³⁄₄ „ „ 43.9¹⁄₄
+ 14 „ „ 45.4³⁄₄
+ 15 „ „ 52.0¹⁄₃
+ 16 „ „ 59.5
+ 17 „ „ 66.10
+ 18 „ „ 74.10
+ 19 „ „ 83.2
+ 20 „ „ 92.11
+ 21 „ „ 102.1
+ 22 „ „ 112.
+ 23 „ „ 122.3
+ 24 „ „ 134.6
+
+ _Rule to find the weight of any sized Rope._--A rope of 1 inch
+ circumference requires 486 fathoms to make one hundred weight. The
+ superficial part of all circles being in proportion to the square
+ of their diameters, consequently the square of their circumference.
+ Therefore, a rope of 1 inch in circumference, whose square is one,
+ has 486 fathoms to a cwt.; and, therefore, 486 being divided by the
+ square of the circumference of any rope, the quotient will give the
+ number of fathoms. For instance,
+
+ 9×9 = 81)486(6. The number of fathoms in a cwt.
+ 486
+ ---
+
+ _Rule to find the weight of 120 fathoms of any sized
+ Cable._--Multiply the circumference by the circumference, and divide
+ the product by 4, and the quotient will be the number of cwts. in 120
+ fathoms.
+
+
+=508.--A Table showing the Length of the First Warp of Standing
+Rigging.=
+
+ ==================++========================================++
+ || =Fore.= ||
+ ------------------++--------+--------+------+--------+------++
+ || | | T.M. | | T.G. ||
+ || | T.M. | Back-| T.G. | Back-||
+ =Number of Guns.=||Shrouds.|Shrouds.| stay.|Shrouds.| stay.||
+ ------------------++--------+--------+------+--------+------++
+ || Ft.In. | Ft.In. |Ft.In.| Ft.In. |Ft.In.||
+ SHIPS OF THE LINE.|| | | | | ||
+ One hundred || 62.0 | 55.6 | 116.0| 82.0  | 140.0||
+ Ninety-eight || 61.0 | 52.0 | 109.0| 76.0  | 132.0||
+ Eighty || 55.0 | 50.0 | 105.0| 73.10 | 126.0||
+ Eighty || 66.0 | 60.0 | 123.0| 86.0  | 150.0||
+ Seventy-four || 65.0 | 55.6 | 118.0| 80.0  | 143.0||
+ FRIGATES. || | | | | ||
+ Sixty-four || 55.0 | 47.0 | 101.0| 70.0  | 127.0||
+ Fifty || 50.0 | 44.6 |  93.0| 64.0  | 114.0||
+ Forty-four || 46.0 | 41.0 |  89.0| 60.0  | 108.0||
+ Thirty-eight || 54.0 | 40.6 |  92.0| 62.0  | 109.0||
+ Thirty-six || 53.0 | 42.0 |  93.0| 62.0  | 110.0||
+ Thirty-two || 48.0 | 39.0 |  85.6| 58.0  | 104.0||
+ Twenty-eight || 45.0 | 38.0 |  82.6| 56.0  | 100.0||
+ SLOOPS. || | | | | ||
+ Twenty-four || 42.0 | 36.0 |  78.0| 53.0  |  96.0||
+ Twenty || 40.0 | 35.0 |  75.0| 51.0  |  89.0||
+ Sixteen || 38.0 | 30.0 |  66.0| 44.0  |  80.0||
+ BRIGS. || | | | | ||
+ Ten || 31.6 | 26.6 |  56.6| 42.0  |  72.0||
+
+ ==================++========================================++
+ || =Main.= ||
+ ------------------++--------+--------+------+--------+------++
+ || | | T.M. | | T.G. ||
+ || | T.M. | Back-| T.G. | Back-||
+ =Number of Guns.=||Shrouds.|Shrouds.| stay.|Shrouds.| stay.||
+ ------------------++--------+--------+------+--------+------++
+ || Ft.In. | Ft.In. |Ft.In.| Ft.In. |Ft.In.||
+ SHIPS OF THE LINE.|| | | | | ||
+ One hundred || 71.0 | 60.0 | 128.0| 88.0 | 150.0||
+ Ninety-eight || 68.0 | 58.0 | 122.0| 85.0 | 148.9||
+ Eighty || 62.0 | 56.0 | 114.0| 82.0 | 139.0||
+ Eighty || 69.0 | 65.0 | 132.0| 95.6 | 160.6||
+ Seventy-four || 74.0 | 59.0 | 129.0| 87.0 | 158.0||
+ FRIGATES. || | | | | ||
+ Sixty-four || 61.0 | 52.0 | 113.0| 76.0 | 137.0||
+ Fifty || 57.0 | 48.0 | 102.0| 73.0 | 126.0||
+ Forty-four || 54.0 | 46.6 | 100.0| 69.0 | 123.0||
+ Thirty-eight || 58.0 | 46.3 | 102.3| 68.0 | 123.0||
+ Thirty-six || 60.0 | 49.6 | 102.0| 72.0 | 126.0||
+ Thirty-two || 55.0 | 45.0 |  96.9| 66.0 | 118.0||
+ Twenty-eight || 52.9 | 43.0 |  92.0| 63.0 | 122.0||
+ SLOOPS. || | | | | ||
+ Twenty-four || 47.0 | 39.6 |  86.0| 60.0 | 105.0||
+ Twenty || 45.0 | 38.6 |  81.0| 57.0 |  98.0||
+ Sixteen || 42.0 | 33.6 |  72.0| 49.0 |  87.6||
+ BRIGS. || | | | | ||
+ Ten || 37.6 | 29.6 |  66.0| 45.0 | 84.0||
+
+ ==================++========================================
+ || =Mizen.=
+ ------------------++--------+--------+------+--------+------
+ || | | T.M. | | T.G.
+ || | T.M. | Back-| T.G. | Back-
+ =Number of Guns.=||Shrouds.|Shrouds.| stay.|Shrouds.| stay.
+ ------------------++--------+--------+------+--------+------
+ || Ft.In. | Ft.In. |Ft.In.| Ft.In. |Ft.In.
+ SHIPS OF THE LINE.|| | | | |
+ One hundred || 55.0 | 43.0 | 95.0 | 63.0 |114.0
+ Ninety-eight || 51.0 | 41.0 | 88.0 | 59.0 |106.0
+ Eighty || 48.0 | 40.0 | 82.0 | 57.0 |105.0
+ Eighty || 59.6 | 42.0 | 96.0 | 60.0 |117.0
+ Seventy-four || 60.0 | 42.0 | 97.0 | 60.0 |117.0
+ FRIGATES. || | | | |
+ Sixty-four || 50.0 | 38.0 | 85.6 | 54.0 | 99.0
+ Fifty || 45.0 | 36.0 | 78.0 | 48.0 | 93.0
+ Forty-four || 43.0 | 36.0 | 78.0 | 48.0 | 87.0
+ Thirty-eight || 50.0 | 36.0 | 78.3 | 47.0 | 95.0
+ Thirty-six || 47.0 | 37.6 | 79.6 | 55.0 | 96.0
+ Thirty-two || 46.6 | 34.6 | 75.0 | 47.6 | 93.0
+ Twenty-eight || 44.6 | 32.0 | 72.0 | 45.0 | 90.0
+ SLOOPS. || | | | |
+ Twenty-four || 43.0 | 30.0 | 69.0 | 42.0 | 87.0
+ Twenty || 40.0 | 27.0 | 66.0 | 39.0 | 81.0
+ Sixteen || 35.6 | 24.0 | 57.0 | |
+ BRIGS. || | | | |
+ Ten || | | | |
+
+
+=509.--A Table of Foreign Ordnance.=
+
+ =====================++=========================++===============++
+ || =Long Guns.= || =Iron.= ||
+ ++--------+--------+-------++-------+-------++
+ || |Diameter| Weight|| | ||
+ || | of | of || | ||
+ =Pounders.= ||Calibre.| Shot. | Lead. ||Length.|Weight.||
+ ---------------------++--------+--------+-------++-------+-------++
+ Sixty-eight Pounder || 8.0080 | 7.848 |103.2 || | ||
+ Forty-two Pounder || 6.8208 | 6.6844| 63.88 || 9.6 |67.0.0 ||
+ Thirty-two Pounder || 6.2297 | 6.1051| 48.65 || 9.6 |55.0.0 ||
+ Twenty-four Pounder || 5.6601 | 5.5469| 36.44 || 9.0 |47.2.0 ||
+ Eighteen Pounder || 5.1425 | 5.0397| 27.43 || 9.0 |40.0.0 ||
+ Twelve Pounder || 4.4924 | 4.4026| 18.25 || 9.0 |32.0.0 ||
+ Nine Pounder || 4.0816 | 4. | 13.71 || 7.0 |23.0.0 ||
+ Six Pounder || 3.5656 | 3.4943| 9.109|| 8.0 |22.0.0 ||
+ Nondescript || — | — | — || 6.0 |16.2.0 ||
+ Four Pounder || 3.1149 | 3.0526| 6.08 || 6.0 |22.1.0 ||
+ Three Pounder || 2.8301 | 2.7734| 4.552|| 4.6 | 7.1.0 ||
+ Two Pounder || 2.4723 | 2.4228| 3.037|| — | — ||
+ One Pounder || 1.9622 | 1.923 | 1.517|| | ||
+ || | | || | ||
+ MORTARS. || | | || | ||
+ || | |Filled.|| | ||
+ Thirteen Inches ||13. | 12.783 |349.19 || 5.3 |82.1.0 ||
+ Land-piece ||13. | 12.783 |349.19 || 3.7¹⁄₂| 3.2.12||
+ Ten Inches ||10. | 9.833 |158.958|| 4.8 |41.0.0 ||
+ Land-piece || — | — | — || 2.9 |16.0.6 ||
+ Eight Inches || 8. | 7.867 | 81.407|| 2.1³⁄₄| 8.0.10||
+ Six and a-half Inches|| 5.8 | 5.703 | 31.009|| | ||
+
+ =====================++===============++===============++
+ || =Brass.= || =French.= ||
+ ++-------+-------++--------+------++
+ || | ||Diameter|Weight||
+ || | || of | of ||
+ =Pounders.= ||Length.|Weight.|| Shot. |Shot. ||
+ ---------------------++-------+-------++--------+------++
+ Sixty-eight Pounder || | || | ||
+ Forty-two Pounder || 16.6 |66.0.0 || — | — ||
+ Thirty-two Pounder || 10.0 |55.2.0 || 6.3496 | 36. ||
+ Twenty-four Pounder || 9.6 |53.0.9 || 5.808 | 27.55||
+ Eighteen Pounder || 5.9 |18.0.0 || 5.074 | 18.37||
+ Twelve Pounder || 9.0 |31.2.8 || 4.61 | 13.78||
+ Nine Pounder || 6.6 |18.0.0 || 4.027 | 9.18||
+ Six Pounder || 6.0 | 8.3.27|| — | — ||
+ Nondescript || | || | ||
+ Four Pounder || — | — || 3.196 | 4.59||
+ Three Pounder || 3.6 | 2.2.27|| | ||
+ Two Pounder || — | 3.1.0 || | ||
+ One Pounder || | || | ||
+ || | || | ||
+ MORTARS. || | || | ||
+ || | || | ||
+ Thirteen Inches || 5.3 |82.0.8 || } | ||
+ Land-piece ||3.7¹⁄₂ |25.0.10|| } | ||
+ Ten Inches || 4.8 |33.0.0 || } | ||
+ Land-piece || 2.9 |10.1.25|| } | ||
+ Eight Inches ||2.1³⁄₄ | 4.1.8 || } | ||
+ Six and a-half Inches|| | || | ||
+
+ =====================++=================++=================++
+ || =Spanish.= || =Dutch.= ||
+ ++---------+-------++---------+-------++
+ || | || | ||
+ || | || | ||
+ =Pounders.= ||Diameter.|Weight.||Diameter.|Weight.||
+ ---------------------++---------+-------++---------+-------++
+ Sixty-eight Pounder || | || | ||
+ Forty-two Pounder || — | — || — | — ||
+ Thirty-two Pounder || 6.84 | 45. || 6.4 | 36.87 ||
+ Twenty-four Pounder || 6.03 | 30.84 || 5.92 | 29.18 ||
+ Eighteen Pounder || 5.52 | 23.65 || 5.45 | 22.77 ||
+ Twelve Pounder || 4.8 | 15.55 || 4.76 | 15.16 ||
+ Nine Pounder || 4.2 | 10.42 || 4.13 | 9.9 ||
+ Six Pounder || — | — || 3.78 | 7.6 ||
+ Nondescript || | || | ||
+ Four Pounder || | || | ||
+ Three Pounder || | || | ||
+ Two Pounder || | || | ||
+ One Pounder || | || | ||
+ || | || | ||
+ MORTARS. || | || | ||
+ || | || | ||
+ Thirteen Inches || | || | ||
+ Land-piece || | || | ||
+ Ten Inches || Non des-| cript.|| — | — ||
+ Land-piece || | || | ||
+ Eight Inches || | || | ||
+ Six and a-half Inches|| | || | ||
+
+ =====================++=================++=================
+ || =Portuguese.= || =Russian.=
+ ++---------+-------++---------+-------
+ || | || |
+ || | || |
+ =Pounders.= ||Diameter.|Weight.||Diameter.|Weight.
+ ---------------------++---------+-------++---------+-------
+ Sixty-eight Pounder || | || |
+ Forty-two Pounder || 7.49 | 59.09 || 6.86 | 45.4
+ Thirty-two Pounder || 6.8 | 35.12 || 6.47 | 38.08
+ Twenty-four Pounder || 5.93 | 29.32 || 6. | 30.38
+ Eighteen Pounder || 5.4 | 22.14 || 5.45 | 22.77
+ Twelve Pounder || 4.7 | 14.6 || 4.76 | 15.16
+ Nine Pounder || 4.3 | 11.18 || 4.17 | 10.20
+ Six Pounder || 3.75 | 7.42 || 3.78 | 7.60
+ Nondescript || | || |
+ Four Pounder || | || |
+ Three Pounder || | || |
+ Two Pounder || | || |
+ One Pounder || | || |
+ || | || |
+ MORTARS. || | || |
+ || | || |
+ Thirteen Inches || | || |
+ Land-piece || | || |
+ Ten Inches || — | — || — | —
+ Land-piece || | || |
+ Eight Inches || | || |
+ Six and a-half Inches|| | || |
+
+
+=510.--A Table showing the Quantity of Provisions, Slop Clothing and
+Small Stores, for 200 men, for four months, in the U. S. Navy.=
+
+ SMALL STORES.
+
+ Tobacco (plugs) 1,000
+ Soap (bars) 800
+ Mustard (bottles) 100
+ Pepper (bottles) 100
+ Knives (1 each) 200
+ Spoons (1 each) 200
+ Fine Combs (1 each) 200
+ Coarse Combs (1 each) 200
+ Tin Pots (1 each) 200
+ Tin Pans (1 each) 200
+ Scrubbing Brushes (1 each) 200
+ Ribbon (pieces) 100
+ Tape (pieces) 100
+ Needles (papers) 100
+ White Thread (pounds) 50
+ Blue Thread (pounds) 50
+ Thimbles (1 each) 200
+ Beeswax (cakes) 100
+ Blacking (boxes) 200
+ Scissors (1 pair each) 200
+ Shoe Brushes (1 pair each) 200
+ Mittens (1 pair each) 200
+ Cotton Handkerchiefs 50
+
+ SLOP CLOTHING.
+
+ Mattresses (1 each) 200
+ Blankets (2 each) 400
+ Pea-jackets 100
+ Trowsers (1 pair each) 200
+ Duck Frocks (1 each) 200
+ Duck Trowsers (2 pairs each) 400
+ White Flannel Shirts (2 each) 400
+ Blue Flannel Shirts (2 each) 400
+ Drawers (2 pairs each) 400
+ Hats (1 each) 200
+ Shoes (1 pair each) 200
+ Stockings (2 pairs each) 400
+ Black Handkerchiefs (1 each) 200
+ Boots (1 pair each) 200
+
+ PROVISIONS.
+
+ Bread (pounds) 22,320
+ Beef (pounds) 14,652
+ Pork (pounds) 10,914
+ Flour (pounds) 1,819
+ Raisins (pounds) 910
+ Tea (pounds) 400
+ Sugar (pounds) 3,210
+ Rice (pounds) 3,636
+ Beans (pounds) 5,460
+ Pickles (pounds) 1,819
+ Vinegar (gallons) 228
+ Spirits (gallons) 750
+
+_Allowing per centage for waste._
+
+ N. B.--All recruits, when received on board of receiving-ships of the
+ U. S. Navy, are required to have an outfit in slop clothing, &c.,
+ of one blue cloth jacket, one pair of blue cloth trowsers, 2 duck
+ frocks, one pair of duck trowsers, two blue flannel shirts, one pair
+ of drawers, one hat, one pair of shoes, two pairs of stockings, one
+ black silk handkerchief, two pounds of tobacco, two pounds of soap,
+ one knife, one tin pot, pan and spoon; the greater part of which
+ they have when transferred to vessels for sea-service. This being
+ the case, there is no necessity for having the full amount, as above
+ stated, in slops and small stores in the purser’s department, for
+ issue in the course of four months.
+
+
+QUANTITY OF WATER FOR EACH CLASS.
+
+_Ships of the Line_--Three Decks, 110,000 gallons; Two Decks--1st
+Class, 82,000 gals.; 2d Class, 78,000 gals.; _Razees_, 55,000 gals.;
+_Frigates_--32 Pounder, 48,000 gals.; 24 Pounder, 43,000 gals.; 18
+Pounder, 34,900 gals.; _Sloops_--32 Pounder, 21,000 gals.; 24 Pounder,
+19,000 gals.; Sixteen 32 lb. Carronades, 15,000 gals.; _Brigs_, 8,000
+gals.; _Brigantines and Schooners_ 7,900 gals.; _Steamers_--1st Class,
+23,500 gals.; 2d Class, 10,000 gals.; 3d Class, 5,000 gals.; _Receiving
+Vessels_--Ships of the Line, 14,600 gals.
+
+
+=511.--Exhibit of the Navy Ration,=
+
+ _Showing the component parts for each day of the week, and the value
+ at which they are to be computed, under the 2d, 4th and 5th Sections
+ of the Act of Congress, “To establish and regulate the Navy Ration,”
+ approved 29th August, 1842._
+
+ ===============++=========================================++
+ || =Pounds.= ||
+ ++-----+-----+------+-----+-------+--------++
+ || | | | |Raisins| Pickles||
+ =Days || | | | | or | or ||
+ of the || | | | |dried | Cran- ||
+ Week.= ||Beef.|Pork.|Flour.|Rice.|fruits.|berries.||
+ ---------------++-----+-----+------+-----+-------+--------++
+ Sunday || 1 | — | ¹⁄₂ | — | ¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Monday || — | 1 | — | — | — | — ||
+ Tuesday || 1 | — | — | ¹⁄₂ | — | — ||
+ Wednesday || — | 1 | — | — | — | ¹⁄₄ ||
+ Thursday || 1 | — | ¹⁄₂ | — | ¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Friday || 1 | — | — | ¹⁄₂ | — | — ||
+ Saturday || — | 1 | — | — | — | ¹⁄₄ ||
+ ++-----+-----+------+-----+-------+--------++
+ Weekly Quantity|| 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ¹⁄₂ | ¹⁄₂ ||
+ ===============++=====+=====+======+=====+=======+========++
+
+ ===============++========================================++
+ || =Ounces.= ||
+ ++-----+------+----+----+----+----+-------++
+ || | | |Cof-|Co- | | ||
+ =Days || | |Tea.|fee.|coa.| | ||
+ of the || Bis-| +----+----+----+But-| ||
+ Week.= ||cuit.|Sugar.| Either. |ter.|Cheese.||
+ ---------------++-----+------+--------------+----+-------++
+ Sunday || 14 | 2 | ¹⁄₄| 1 | 1 | — | — ||
+ Monday || 14 | 2 | ¹⁄₄| 1 | 1 | — | — ||
+ Tuesday || 14 | 2 | ¹⁄₄| 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 ||
+ Wednesday || 14 | 2 | ¹⁄₄| 1 | 1 | — | — ||
+ Thursday || 14 | 2 | ¹⁄₄| 1 | 1 | — | — ||
+ Friday || 14 | 2 | ¹⁄₄| 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 ||
+ Saturday || 14 | 2 | ¹⁄₄| 1 | 1 | — | — ||
+ ++-----+------+----+----+----+----+-------++
+ Weekly Quantity|| 98 | 14 |1³⁄₄| 7 | 7 | 4 | 4 ||
+ ===============++=====+======+====+====+====+====+=======++
+
+ ===============++=============================
+ || =Pints.=
+ ++------+-------+-----+--------
+ || | | |
+ =Days || | | |
+ of the || | Mo- |Vine-|
+ Week.= ||Beans.|lasses.| gar.|Spirits.
+ ---------------++------+-------+-----+--------
+ Sunday || — | — | — | ¹⁄₄
+ Monday || ¹⁄₂ | — | — | ¹⁄₄
+ Tuesday || — | — | — | ¹⁄₄
+ Wednesday || ¹⁄₂ | — | — | ¹⁄₄
+ Thursday || — | — | — | ¹⁄₄
+ Friday || — | ¹⁄₂ | — | ¹⁄₄
+ Saturday || ¹⁄₂ | — | ¹⁄₂ | ¹⁄₄
+ ++------+-------+-----+--------
+ Weekly Quantity|| 1¹⁄₂ | ¹⁄₂ | ¹⁄₂ | 1³⁄₄
+ ===============++======+=======+=====+========
+
+
+VALUATION OF THE WEEKLY QUANTITY, &c.
+
+ 3 pounds of Pork 7¹⁄₂ cents per pound, 22¹⁄₂ cents.
+ 4 „ Beef 6 „ „ 24 „
+ 1 „ Flour 4 „ „ 4 „
+ 1 „ Rice 3 „ „ 3 „
+ ¹⁄₂ „ Raisins, &c. 13 „ „ 6¹⁄₂ „
+ ¹⁄₂ „ Pickles, &c. 12¹⁄₂ „ „ 6¹⁄₄ „
+ 98 ounces of Bread 4 „ „ 24¹⁄₂ „
+ 14 „ Sugar 8 „ „ 7 „
+ 1³⁄₄ „ Tea } of
+ 7 „ Coffee } same 80 „ „ 8³⁄₄ „
+ 7 „ Cocoa } val.
+ 4 „ Butter 23 „ „ 5³⁄₄ „
+ 4 „ Cheese 16 „ „ 4 „
+ 1¹⁄₂ pints of Beans 24 „ gallon, 4¹⁄₂ „
+ ¹⁄₂ „ Molasses 64 „ „ 4 „
+ ¹⁄₂ „ Vinegar 20 „ „ 1¹⁄₄ „
+ 1³⁄₄ „ Spirits 64 „ „ 14 „
+ --------
+ Averaging 20 cents per day, or weekly $1.40
+
+The foregoing exhibit of the component parts, &c., of the Navy
+Ration, has been compiled in pursuance of the act of Congress, and
+will be strictly observed by commanders of vessels and by pursers,
+as a regulation of this Department, prescribing the daily issue of
+provisions, and the valuation at which they are to be commuted.
+All persons “attached to vessels for sea-service,” are entitled
+individually to one ration per day.
+
+Every commissioned or warrant-officer, of, or over, twenty-one years of
+age, may, at his option, commute the entire ration, or only the spirit
+portion of it: provided the commutation, in either case, be made
+for not less than three consecutive months. And every other person,
+of the above-named age, entitled to a ration, may commute the spirit
+component, under the limitation of time, unless sooner detached, or
+entitled to a discharge.
+
+No officer or other person, under twenty-one years of age, shall be
+permitted to draw the spirit part of his ration. Its value in money,
+as estimated by the foregoing table, will be credited to him by the
+purser, and paid whenever the commander of the vessel, to which such
+officer or person may belong, shall direct.
+
+The messes of a ship’s crew may, with the sanction of the commanding
+officer, commute, daily or weekly, one or more entire rations, for
+not less than three months (unless sooner detached, or entitled to a
+discharge); the commutation to be paid by the purser, at such times as
+the said commanding officer shall deem fit.
+
+Pursers having the delivery of rations, will make out and transmit,
+monthly and otherwise, by the earliest opportunities, to the Bureau of
+Provisions and Clothing of this Department, abstracts of provisions,
+agreeably to such forms as may be furnished to them from that bureau,
+approved by the Second Comptroller of the Treasury; their provision
+accounts, as heretofore, will be rendered to the Fourth Auditor’s
+office.
+
+ A. P. UPSHUR, _Secretary of the Navy_.
+
+
+AN ACT TO ESTABLISH AND REGULATE THE NAVY RATION.
+
+SEC. 1. _Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
+the United States of America, in Congress assembled_, That the navy
+ration shall consist of the following daily allowance of provisions
+for each person:--One pound of salted pork, with half a pint of peas
+or beans; or one pound of salted beef, with half a pound of flour, and
+a quarter of a pound of raisins, dried apples, or other dried fruits;
+or one pound of salt beef, with half a pound of rice, two ounces of
+butter, and two ounces of cheese; together with fourteen ounces of
+biscuit, one quarter of an ounce of tea, or one ounce of coffee, or one
+ounce of cocoa, two ounces of sugar, and one gill of spirits; and of a
+weekly allowance of half a pound of pickles or cranberries, half a pint
+of molasses, and half a pint of vinegar.
+
+SEC. 2. _And be it further enacted_, That fresh meat may be substituted
+for salt beef or pork, and vegetables or sauer-kraut for other articles
+usually issued with the salted meats, allowing one and a quarter pounds
+of fresh meat for one pound of salted beef or pork, and regulating the
+quantity of vegetables or sauer-kraut, so as to equal the value of
+those articles for which they may be substituted.
+
+SEC. 3. _And be it further enacted_, That, should it be necessary
+to vary the above described daily allowance, it shall be lawful to
+substitute one pound of soft bread, or one pound of flour, or half a
+pound of rice, for fourteen ounces of biscuit; half a pint of wine
+for a gill of spirits; half a pound of rice for half a pint of peas
+or beans; half a pint of beans or peas for half a pound of rice. When
+it may be deemed expedient by the President of the United States,
+Secretary of the Navy, commander of a fleet or squadron, or a single
+ship, when not acting under the authority of another officer on foreign
+service, the articles of butter, cheese, raisins, dried apples (or
+other dried fruits), pickles and molasses may be substituted for each
+other and for spirits; _provided_ the article substituted shall not
+exceed in value the article for which it may be issued, according to
+the scale of prices which is or may be established for the same.
+
+SEC. 4. _And be it further enacted_, That in cases of necessity the
+daily allowance of provisions may be diminished or varied, by the
+discretion of the senior officer present in command; but payment shall
+be made to the persons whose allowance shall be thus diminished,
+according to the scale of prices which is or may be established for the
+same; but a commander, who shall thus make a diminution or variation,
+shall report to his commanding officer, or to the Navy Department,
+the necessity for the same, and give to the purser written orders,
+specifying particularly the diminution or reduction which is to be made.
+
+SEC. 5. _And be it further enacted_, That no commissioned officer,
+or midshipman, or any person under twenty-one years of age, shall be
+allowed to draw the spirit part of the daily ration; and all other
+persons shall be permitted to relinquish that part of their ration,
+under such restrictions as the President of the United States may
+authorize; and to every person who, by this section, is prohibited
+from drawing, or who may relinquish, the spirit part of his ration,
+there shall be paid, in lieu thereof, the value of the same in money,
+according to the prices which are or may be established for the same.
+
+SEC. 6. _And be it further enacted_, That the provisions of this act
+shall go into effect, in the United States, on the first day of the
+succeeding quarter after it becomes a law; and in vessels abroad, on
+the first day of the succeeding quarter after its official receipt; and
+any acts, or parts of acts, which may be contrary to, or inconsistent
+with, the provisions of this act, shall be and are hereby repealed.
+
+[Illustration: BERTH-DECK, OR SAILORS’ MESS-TABLE.]
+
+
+ =512.=--TABLE
+
+ _For finding the Distance of an Object by two Bearings, and the
+ Distance run between them._
+
+ ++==========+=============================================
+ ||Difference|
+ || between |
+ ||Course and| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE COURSE AND
+ || Second | FIRST BEARING IN POINTS OF THE COMPASS.
+ || Bearing +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+
+ ||in Points.| 2 |2¹⁄₂| 3 |3¹⁄₂| 4 |4¹⁄₂| 5 |5¹⁄₂| 6 |
+ ++----------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+
+ || 3¹⁄₂ |1   | | | | | | | | |
+ || 4 |1.00|   | | | | | | | |
+ || 4¹⁄₂ |0.81|1.23|   | | | | | | |
+ || 5 |0.69|1.00|1.45|   | | | | | |
+ || 5¹⁄₂ |0.60|0.85|1.17|1.66|   | | | | |
+ || 6 |0.54|0.74|1.00|1.35|1.85|   | | | |
+ || 6¹⁄₂ |0.49|0.67|0.88|1.14|1.50|2.02|   | | |
+ || 7 |0.46|0.61|0.79|1.00|1.27|1.64|2.17|   | |
+ || 7¹⁄₂ |0.43|0.57|0.72|0.90|1.11|1.39|1.77|2.30|   |
+ || 8 |0.41|0.53|0.67|0.82|1.00|1.22|1.50|1.87|2.41|
+ || 8¹⁄₂ |0.40|0.51|0.63|0.76|0.92|1.09|1.31|1.58|1.96|
+ || 9 |0.39|0.49|0.60|0.72|0.85|1.00|1.18|1.39|1.66|
+ || 9¹⁄₂ |0.38|0.48|0.58|0.69|0.80|0.93|1.08|1.25|1.46|
+ || 10 |0.38|0.47|0.57|0.66|0.76|0.88|1.00|1.14|1.31|
+ || 10¹⁄₂ |0.38|0.47|0.56|0.65|0.74|0.84|0.94|1.06|1.19|
+ || 11 |0.39|0.47|0.56|0.64|0.72|0.81|0.90|1.00|1.11|
+ || 11¹⁄₂ |0.40|0.48|0.56|0.63|0.71|0.79|0.87|0.95|1.05|
+ || 12 |0.41|0.49|0.57|0.64|0.71|0.78|0.85|0.92|1.00|  
+ || 12¹⁄₂ |0.43|0.51|0.58|0.65|0.71|0.77|0.83|0.90|0.97|  
+ ++==========+====+====+====+====+====+====+====+====+====+
+
+ ++==========+=======================================++
+ ||Difference| ||
+ || between | ||
+ ||Course and| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE COURSE AND ||
+ || Second |FIRST BEARING IN POINTS OF THE COMPASS.||
+ || Bearing +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----++
+ ||in Points.|6¹⁄₂| 7 |7¹⁄₂| 8 |8¹⁄₂| 9 |9¹⁄₂| 10 ||
+ ++----------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----++
+ || 3¹⁄₂ | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 4 | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 4¹⁄₂ | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 5 | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 5¹⁄₂ | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 6 | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 6¹⁄₂ | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 7 | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 7¹⁄₂ | | | | | | | | ||
+ || 8 |   | | | | | | | ||
+ || 8¹⁄₂ |2.50|   | | | | | | ||
+ || 9 |2.03|2.56|   | | | | | ||
+ || 9¹⁄₂ |1.72|2.08|2.60|   | | | | ||
+ || 10 |1.51|1.76|2.11|2.61|   | | | ||
+ || 10¹⁄₂ |1.35|1.55|1.79|2.12|2.60|   | | ||
+ || 11 |1.24|1.39|1.57|1.80|2.11|2.56|   | ||
+ || 11¹⁄₂ |1.15|1.27|1.41|1.58|1.79|2.08|2.50|   ||
+ || 12 |1.08|1.18|1.29|1.41|1.57|1.76|2.03|2.41||  
+ || 12¹⁄₂ |1.03|1.11|1.20|1.29|1.41|1.55|1.72|1.96||  
+ ++==========+====+====+====+====+====+====+====+====++
+
+The Table is to be entered with the number of points contained between
+the ships head and the _first_ bearing of the object, at the top, and
+with the number of points, reckoned the same way, between the ship’s
+head and the _second_ bearing, at the side; the number in the table at
+the intersection of the two columns being multiplied by the distance
+run, is the distance from the object at the time the _last_ bearing was
+taken.
+
+ EXAMPLE.--A Light-house bears N. W., and after running W. by S. 8
+ miles, it bears N. N. E.; the number of points between W. by S. and
+ N. W. is 5, and that between W. by S. and N. N. E. is 11; then under
+ 5 points at the top, and abreast of 11 points at the side, stands the
+ number 0.9, which being multiplied by 8 gives 7.2 miles, the distance
+ at the time of the last (N. N. E.) bearing.
+
+If the bearings are observed to quarter points, the numbers may be
+taken out accordingly; this needs no example.
+
+
+=513.--Dimensions of the Masts and Spars of the U. S. Steam-ship
+Princeton.=
+
+ Above Deck.
+ 49 ft. 2 in. Fore-mast, 70 ft. Head, 12 ft.
+ Diameter, 24¹⁄₂ in.
+ 53 ft. Main-mast, 74 ft. „ 12 ft.
+ „ 25 in.
+ 46 ft. 8 in. Mizen-mast, 54 ft. 6 in. „ 10 ft.
+ „ 18¹⁄₂ in.
+ Fore and Main Top-mast, 42 ft. „ 7 ft. 6 in.
+ Cap, 14¹⁄₄ in.
+ Do. Top-gallant M., 22 ft. Hoist, 14 ft. 6 in. Royal 9 ft.
+ Pole-cap, 8¹⁄₂ in.
+ Mizen Top-mast, 33 ft. Head, 5 ft. 6 in.
+ Cap, 11 in.
+ „ Top-gallant Mast, 18 ft. Hoist, 12 ft. Royal, 7 ft.
+ Pole, 6³⁄₄ in.
+
+ Ft.In. Ft.In. Inch.
+ Fore and Main Yard, 68. Arms, 4. Sling, 15¹⁄₂
+ Fore and Main Top Yard, 54. Arms, 4.6 Sling, 13
+ Fore and Main Top-gal’t Yard, 37. Arms, 2.6 Sling, 7³⁄₄
+ Fore and Main Royal Yard, 25.6 Arms, 1.3 Sling, 5¹⁄₂
+ Mizen Yard, 54. Arms, 4.6 Sling, 13
+ Mizen Top Yard, 39. Arms, 3.6 Sling, 9
+ Mizen Top-gallant Yard, 26.6 Arms, 1.9 Sling, 6¹⁄₄
+ Mizen Royal Yard, 19. Arms, 1. Sling, 4
+ Bowsprit (Outboard), 25.6 — Bed, 25
+ Jib-boom (Outboard), 24. Inb’d, 20 ft. Head, 3. Cap, 13¹⁄₂
+ Flying-boom (Outboard), 19. Head, 5. Cap, 8
+ Spanker-boom, 47.6 Head, 2. Slings, 9
+ Spanker-gaff, 39. Head, 8. Slings, 7
+ Swinging-booms 45.6 Slings, 8
+ Top-mast Steering-sail Booms, 35. Slings, 7
+ T. G. M. Steering-sail Booms, 28. Slings, 5¹⁄₂
+ Royal Steering-sail Booms, 19. Slings, 3³⁄₄
+ Lower Steering-sail Yards, 17. Slings, 5
+ Top-mast Steering-sail Yards, 21. Slings, 5
+ T. G. M. Steering-sail Yards, 16. Slings, 4
+ Royal Steering-sail Yards, 10. Slings, 3
+ Mizen Try-sail Mast, 38. Slings, 7¹⁄₂
+
+ Ft.In.
+ The Fore-mast from top of deck to top of kelson is buried, 20.4
+ The Main-mast from top of deck to top of kelson is buried, 20.7
+ The Mizen-mast from top of deck to top of kelson is buried, 7.10
+ Which leaves the Fore-mast just 69.8
+ And the Main-mast, 73.7
+ Length between perpendiculars, 15.6
+ Length of Spar-deck, 165.2
+ Length of Keel, 142.9
+ Extreme breadth of Beam, 3.0
+ Depth of Hold to Spar-deck, 21.8
+ Dead rise at half breadth, 2.3¹⁄₂
+
+
+=514.--A Table of the Size of Short-link Chain, when used as Rigging.=
+
+ =================================+=================+=================+
+ NAMES OF CHAIN. | SHIPS OF THE | 1ST CLASS |
+ | LINE. | FRIGATES. |
+ ---------------------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
+ Bobstay | 1¹⁄₄ in. | 1¹⁄₈ in. |
+ | | |
+ Bowsprit Shrouds to clear the | | |
+ chain cable | 1¹⁄₈ | 1 |
+ | | |
+ Gammoning (if chains are used) | 1 | ⁷⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Martingale Stays | ⁷⁄₈ | ⁷⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Martingale Guys or Back-rope | ³⁄₄ | ³⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Bumkin Braces | 1¹⁄₈ | 1 |
+ | | |
+ Shank Painter | 1 | 1 |
+ | | |
+ Cat-Stoppers | 1¹⁄₈ | 1 |
+ | | |
+ Slings for Fore and Main Yards | Single Doub. | |
+ | Part. Part. | |
+ |1¹⁄₂ in. 1¹⁄₈ in.| |
+ | | |
+ Slings for Cross-Jack Yard |1¹⁄₈   ⁷⁄₈ | |
+ | | |
+ Slings for Top-sail Tyes | ⁷⁄₈ | |
+ | | |
+ Slings for Top-sail Sheets |Outer Inner |Outer Inner |
+ | Half.  Half. | Half. Half. |
+ |⁷⁄₈ in. ³⁄₄ in.|³⁄₄ in. ⁵⁄₈ in.|
+ | | |
+ Preventer Slings for Yards | Fore & Cr. | Fore & Cr. |
+ | Main. Jack. | Main. Jack. |
+ |1¹⁄₄ in. ⁷⁄₈ in.|1¹⁄₈ in. ³⁄₄ in.|
+ | | |
+ Guys for Quarter-boat’s Davits | ⁵⁄₈ |   ¹⁄₂ |
+ | | |
+ Topping-lifts to Quarter | | |
+ Davits[40] | ³⁄₄ |  ⁵⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Riding Stoppers | 1 in. | ⁷⁄₈ in. |
+ | | |
+ Tyes or Preventer Tyes for Gaffs,| 1¹⁄₈ | 1 |
+ | | |
+ Sheet Cable, snaps of three tails| [Triang. Ring | [Triang. Ring |
+ in tapering lengths of | & Shack.] | & Shack.] |
+ | 6 feet each. | 6 feet each. |
+ | | |
+ Sheet Cable, snaps of three tails| 1¹⁄₄ in., 1¹⁄₈, | 2¹⁄₈ in., 1¹⁄₈, |
+ in diameter | 1, ¹⁄₂ | 1, ³⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Stream Cable, snaps, in tapering | | |
+ lengths of | 6 feet each. | 6 feet each. |
+ | | |
+ Stream Cable, snaps, in diameter,| 1³⁄₄ in., 1, | 1¹⁄₂ in., ³⁄₄, |
+ | ³⁄₄, ¹⁄₂ | ⁵⁄₈, ³⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Fifteen Fathoms of Chain Cable, | | |
+ to connect the snaps and Sheet | | |
+ Cable | 2¹⁄₄ in. | 2¹⁄₈ in. |
+ | | |
+ Ten Fathoms of Chain Cable, to | | |
+ shackle round the Mast | 2 | 1³⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Fifteen Fathoms of Chain Cable, | | |
+ to connect the snaps and Stream | | |
+ Cable | 1³⁄₄ | 1¹⁄₂ |
+ | | |
+ Ten Fathoms of Chain Cable, to | | |
+ shackle round the Mast | 1¹⁄₂ | 1¹⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Messengers, when chain | 1¹⁄₂ | 1¹⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Main Rigging, to come down, to | First Class | Second Class |
+ clear the heat from the chimney | Steamers. | Steamers. |
+ clear the heat from the chimney | 1 in. | ³⁄₄ in. |
+ | | |
+ Mizen Rigging, to come down, to | | |
+ clear the heat from the chimney | | |
+ (if necessary) | ³⁄₄ ⁵⁄₈ | |
+
+ =================================+=================+=================+
+ NAMES OF CHAIN. | 1ST CLASS | |
+ | SLOOPS. | BRIGS. |
+ ---------------------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
+ Bobstay | 1 in. | ⁷⁄₈ in. |
+ | | |
+ Bowsprit Shrouds to clear the | | |
+ chain cable | ⁷⁄₈ | ³⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Gammoning (if chains are used) | ³⁄₄ | ⁵⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Martingale Stays | ³⁄₄ | ⁵⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Martingale Guys or Back-rope | ⁵⁄₈ | ¹⁄₂ |
+ | | |
+ Bumkin Braces | ³⁄₄ | ⁵⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Shank Painter | ⁷⁄₈ | ⁵⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Cat-Stoppers | ⁷⁄₈ | ³⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Slings for Fore and Main Yards | | |
+ | | |
+ | | |
+ | | |
+ Slings for Cross-Jack Yard | | |
+ | | |
+ Slings for Top-sail Tyes | | |
+ | | |
+ Slings for Top-sail Sheets |Outer Inner |Outer Inner |
+ | Half. Half. | Half. Half. |
+ |⁵⁄₈ in. ¹⁄₂ in.|¹⁄₂ in. ³⁄₈ in.|
+ | | |
+ Preventer Slings for Yards | Fore & Cr. | Fore and |
+ | Main. Jack. | Main. |
+ | 1 in. ⁵⁄₈ in.| ³⁄₄ in. |
+ | | |
+ Guys for Quarter-boat’s Davits | ³⁄₈ | ¹⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Topping-lifts to Quarter | | |
+ Davits[40] |  ¹⁄₂ | ³⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Riding Stoppers | ³⁄₄ in. | ⁵⁄₈ in. |
+ | | |
+ Tyes or Preventer Tyes for Gaffs,| ⁷⁄₈ | ³⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Sheet Cable, snaps of three tails| [Triang. Ring | [Triang. Ring |
+ in tapering lengths of | & Shack.] | & Shack.] |
+ | 6 feet each. | 6 feet each. |
+ | | |
+ Sheet Cable, snaps of three tails| 1 in., ⁵⁄₈, | ⁷⁄₈ in., ¹⁄₂, |
+ in diameter | ¹⁄₂, ³⁄₈ | ³⁄₄, ¹⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Stream Cable, snaps, in tapering | | |
+ lengths of | | |
+ | | |
+ Stream Cable, snaps, in diameter,| | |
+ | | |
+ | | |
+ Fifteen Fathoms of Chain Cable, | | |
+ to connect the snaps and Sheet | | |
+ Cable | 1 in. | ⁷⁄₈ in. |
+ | | |
+ Ten Fathoms of Chain Cable, to | | |
+ shackle round the Mast | 1 | ⁷⁄₈ |
+ | | |
+ Fifteen Fathoms of Chain Cable, | | |
+ to connect the snaps and Stream | | |
+ Cable | 1¹⁄₈ | ³⁄₄ |
+ | | |
+ Ten Fathoms of Chain Cable, to | | |
+ shackle round the Mast | 1¹⁄₈ | 1 |
+ | | |
+ Messengers, when chain | 1¹⁄₈ | 1 |
+ | | |
+ Main Rigging, to come down, to | | |
+ clear the heat from the chimney | | |
+ | | |
+ | | |
+ Mizen Rigging, to come down, to | | |
+ clear the heat from the chimney | | |
+ (if necessary) | | |
+
+ [40] If the Topping-lifts are fitted with a span, a reduction of
+ one-third in the size of the chain for span will be necessary.
+
+ NOTE.--One-eighth of an inch of Iron in diameter is more than equal to
+ an inch of Hemp Rope in circumference.
+
+
+=515.--A Table showing the Dimensions of the Masts and Yards of
+American, English and French Ships.=
+
+FRENCH SHIPS AS PUBLISHED, AND REDUCED TO ENGLISH MEASURE.
+
+ =================++===============================================++
+ || =Three-deck Ships.= ||
+ ++---------------+---------------+---------------++
+ || | | ||
+ || | | ++
+ || AMERICAN. | ENGLISH. | FRENCH. ||
+ ++-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++-
+ ||Length.|Diamet.|Length.|Diamet.|Length.|Diamet.||
+ -----------------++-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++-
+ || Ft.In.| Inch. | Ft.In.| Inch. | Ft.In.| Inch. ||
+ Length of Lower- || | | | | | ||
+ deck || — | — | 205. | — | 206.6 | — ||
+ Breadth Extreme || — | — | 54.6 | — | 59.6 | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Mast to the || | | | | | ||
+ hound || 132. |41. | 106.7 | 41 | 109.8 | 41¹⁄₂ ||
+ Main Mast head || 22. | — | 20.7 | — | 18.1 | — ||
+ Main Top-mast to || | | | | | ||
+ the hound || 70. |21.5 | 64.11| 22 | 68.5 | 23³⁄₈ ||
+ Main Top-mast || | | | | | ||
+ head || 12. | — | 10.1 | — | 9.4 | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Mast to the hound|| 41. |12. | 33. | 12¹⁄₈ | 35.2 | 12³⁄₄ ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Mast pole || 24. | 9.5 | 23. | — | 19.2 | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Fore Mast to the || | | | | | ||
+ hound || 120. |37. | 98.11| 38 | 102.2 | 39³⁄₈ ||
+ Fore Mast head || 20. | — | 19.1 | — | 17. | — ||
+ Fore Top-mast to || | | | | | ||
+ the hound || 63. |21.5 | 52.2 | 22 | 62.10| 23⁵⁄₈ ||
+ Fore Top-Mast || | | | | | ||
+ head || 10.6 | — | 9.2 | — | 8.6 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Mast to the hound|| 37.6 |12. | 30.1 | 11 | 30.11| 11¹⁄₈ ||
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Mast pole || 22. | 8.7¹⁄₂| 21. | — | 17. | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Mizen Mast to the|| | | | | | ||
+ hound || 110. |27. | 73.4 | 25 | 76.7 | 27¹⁄₈ ||
+ Mizen Mast head || 17. | — | 12.9 | — | 11.8 | — ||
+ Mizen Top mast to|| | | | | | ||
+ the hound || 55. |16.5 | 46.6 | 14¹⁄₂ | 48. | 14⁵⁄₈ ||
+ Mizen Top-mast || | | | | | ||
+ head || 9. | — | 7.4 | — | 6.4 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | ||
+ Mast to the hound|| 33.6 | 9.5 | 22. | 8³⁄₈ | 27.11| 9¹⁄₄ ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | ||
+ Mast pole || 20. | 7. | 15. | — | 14.11| — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Yard || 110. |24. | 109.3 | 26 | 117. | 27⁵⁄₈ ||
+ Fore Yard || 100. |23. | 95. | 22³⁄₈ | 106.6 | 25¹⁄₂ ||
+ Cross-Jack Yard || 80. |16. | 78.8 | 16⁷⁄₈ | 92. | 19¹⁄₈ ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-sail || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 82. |18. | 78.8 | 16⁷⁄₈ | 82.4 | 17 ||
+ Fore Top-sail || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 75. |16. | 69. | 14³⁄₈ | 78.6 | 17 ||
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 52. |11. | 52.6 | 11 | 60.8 | 13⁷⁄₈ ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 52. |10. | 51.10| 10¹⁄₂ | 54.4 | 10¹⁄₈ ||
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 48. | 9.5 | 46.3 | 9¹⁄₂ | 48.11| 9 ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 33. | 6. | 36.3 | 7¹⁄₂ | 42.7 | 8¹⁄₂ ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Bowsprit || 81. | — | 75.1 | 37 | 74.6 | 40³⁄₈ ||
+ Sprit-sail Yard || 52. |11. | 69. | 14³⁄₈ | 72.5 | 16¹⁄₂ ||
+ Spanker Boom || 60. |13. | 74.4 | 14³⁄₈ | — | — ||
+ Gaff || 38. | 9. | 55.9 | 12¹⁄₂ | — | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ || |Cap. | | | | ||
+ Jib-Boom || 60. |16.5 | 46.3 | 9¹⁄₂ | 63.11| 17 ||
+
+ =================++================================================
+ || =Two-deck Ships.=
+ ++-----------------------------------------------+
+ || 1st Class. |
+ ||---------------+---------------+---------------+
+ || AMERICAN. | ENGLISH. | FRENCH. |
+ ++-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
+ ||Length.|Diamet.|Length.|Diamet.|Length.|Diamet.|
+ -----------------++-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
+ || Ft.In.| Inch. | Ft.In.| Inch. | Ft.In.| Inch. |
+ Length of Lower- || | | | | | |
+ deck || — | — | 193.10| — | 191.8 | — |
+ Breadth Extreme || — | — | 51.5 | — | 50. | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Main Mast to the || | | | | | |
+ hound || 124.6 |40. | 101.7 | 39¹⁄₄ | 105.5 | 38¹⁄₄ |
+ Main Mast head || 20. | — | 19.8 | — | 17. | — |
+ Main Top-mast to || | | | | | |
+ the hound || 70. |21.5 | 59.8 | 20³⁄₄ | 65.5 | 21³⁄₄ |
+ Main Top-mast || | | | | | |
+ head || 12. | — | 9.7 | — | 9. | — |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 41. |12. | 30.5 | 11¹⁄₂ | 34.2 | 11³⁄₄ |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | |
+ Mast pole || 24. | 9.5 | 21.6 | — | 18.1 | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Fore Mast to the || | | | | | |
+ hound || 115. |36.5 | 92.6 | 37 | 95.11| 36³⁄₄ |
+ Fore Mast head || 18. | — | 18.6 | — | 15.11| — |
+ Fore Top-mast to || | | | | | |
+ the hound || 63. |21.5 | 53.10| 20³⁄₈ | 59.11| 21³⁄₄ |
+ Fore Top-Mast || | | | | | |
+ head || 10.6 | — | 8.8 | | 8.2 | — |
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 37.6 |12. | 26.4 | 10 | 29.10| 10¹⁄₈ |
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | |
+ Mast pole || 22. | 8.7¹⁄₂| 20. | — | 15.11| — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Mizen Mast to the|| | | | | | |
+ hound || 105. |26.5 | 71.2 | 25³⁄₈ | 67.11| 24¹⁄₂ |
+ Mizen Mast head || 16. | — | 12.10| — | 10.7 | — |
+ Mizen Top mast to|| | | | | | |
+ the hound || 55. |16.5 | 43.9 | 14 | 46.5 | 13³⁄₄ |
+ Mizen Top-mast || | | | | | |
+ head || 9. | — | 7. | — | 5.11| — |
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 33.6 | 9.5 | 21.7 | 8¹⁄₂ | 29.10| 7⁷⁄₈ |
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | |
+ Mast pole || 20. | 7. | 17.6 | — | 10.7 | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Main Yard || 107.6 |23.5 | 103.3 | 24³⁄₄ | 106.6 | 26⁵⁄₈ |
+ Fore Yard || 96. |21.5 | 89.9 | 21¹⁄₂ | 96.6 | 24³⁄₈ |
+ Cross-Jack Yard || 80. |16. | 74.3 | 16 | 96.9 | 18¹⁄₈ |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Main Top-sail || | | | | | |
+ Yard || 78. |17.5 | 74.3 | 16 | 79.10| 17 |
+ Fore Top-sail || | | | | | |
+ Yard || 71. |16. | 64.8 | 13⁷⁄₈ | 62.11| 15⁷⁄₈ |
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | | | | |
+ Yard || 52. |11. | 49. | 10¹⁄₈ | 55.4 | 9¹⁄₂ |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | |
+ Yard || 52. |10.5 | 46. | 9³⁄₈ | 50. | 8¹⁄₂ |
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | |
+ Yard || 46. | 9.5 | 38.10| 8 | 44.8 | 7¹⁄₂ |
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | |
+ Yard || 33. | 6.5 | 34. | 7 | 38.4 | 6⁵⁄₈ |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Bowsprit || 78. | — | 71.11| 36 | 69.2 | 37¹⁄₄ |
+ Sprit-sail Yard || 52. |11. | 64.8 | 13⁷⁄₈ | 71.4 | 16¹⁄₂ |
+ Spanker Boom || 60. |13. | 70.2 | 13⁷⁄₈ | 48.11| 6³⁄₈ |
+ Gaff || 38. | 9. | 43. | 7³⁄₄ | — | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ || |Cap. | | | | |
+ Jib-Boom || 60. |16.5 | 50. | 14¹⁄₂ | 56.5 | 13³⁄₄ |
+
+ =================++================================================++
+ || =Two-deck Ships.= ||
+ ++------------------------------------------------++
+ || 2d Class. ||
+ ||---------------+----------------+---------------++
+ || AMERICAN. | ENGLISH. | FRENCH. ||
+ ++-------+-------+--------+-------+-------+-------++
+ ||Length.|Diamet.| Length.|Diamet.|Length.|Diamet.||
+ -----------------++-------+-------+--------+-------+-------+-------++
+ || Ft.In.| Inch. | Ft.In. | Inch. | Ft.In.| Inch. ||
+ Length of Lower- || | | | | | ||
+ deck || — | — |176. | — | 179.11| — ||
+ Breadth Extreme || — | — | 47.6 | — | 47. | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Mast to the || | | | | | ||
+ hound || 117. |36.5 | 93. | 36 | 95.8 | 36³⁄₈ ||
+ Main Mast head || 20. | — | 18. | — | 15.11| — ||
+ Main Top-mast to || | | | | | ||
+ the hound || 70. |21.5 | 56.2 | 19¹⁄₄ | 60.2 | 20¹⁄₄ ||
+ Main Top-mast || | | | | | ||
+ head || 10. | — | 9.1 | — | 9. | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Mast to the hound|| 41. |12. | 29.0¹⁄₂| 11 | 33. | 11¹⁄₄ ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Mast pole || 24. | 9.5 | 21. | — | 13. | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Fore Mast to the || | | | | | ||
+ hound || 105. |33. | 84.9 | — | 88.5 | 36¹⁄₂ ||
+ Fore Mast head || 18. | — | 16.6 | — | 14.11| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast to || | | | | | ||
+ the hound || 63. |21.5 | 50. | — | 57.11| 20¹⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Top-Mast || | | | | | ||
+ head || 10.6 | — | 8. | — | 7. | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Mast to the hound|| 37.6 |12. | 25.3¹⁄₂| 9⁵⁄₈ | 29.10| 11¹⁄₈ ||
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Mast pole || 22. | 8.7¹⁄₂| 19.6 | — | 10.7 | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Mizen Mast to the|| | | | | | ||
+ hound || 98. |26. | 66.7 | 23³⁄₈ | 57. | 19 ||
+ Mizen Mast head || 16. | — | 11.1 | — | 9.11| — ||
+ Mizen Top mast to|| | | | | | ||
+ the hound || 53. |16. | 41.4 | 13 | 45.10| 13³⁄₄ ||
+ Mizen Top-mast || | | | | | ||
+ head || 5.9 | — | 6.8 | — | 5.4 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | ||
+ Mast to the hound|| 33.6 | 9.5 | 21.0¹⁄₂| 8 | 29.7 | 7³⁄₈ ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | ||
+ Mast pole || 20. | 7. | 17. | — | 9.6 | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Yard || 105. |23.5 | 96.8 | 22⁵⁄₈ | 97.11| 27³⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Yard || 90. |21. | 84.8 | 19⁵⁄₈ | 89.5 | 24³⁄₈ ||
+ Cross-Jack Yard || 80. |16. | 70.6 | 14⁵⁄₈ | 89.5 | 15⁷⁄₈ ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-sail || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 77. |17. | 70.6 | 14⁵⁄₈ | 74.6 | 15³⁄₈ ||
+ Fore Top-sail || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 67. |15. | 61.6 | 12³⁄₄ | 66. | 14⁷⁄₈ ||
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 49. |11.3 | 46.1 | 19⁵⁄₈ | 66. | 13³⁄₄ ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 51. |10.5 | 45.10 | 9¹⁄₄ | 47.9 | 7³⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 45. | 9.4 | 40. | 8¹⁄₂ | 42.7 | 7³⁄₈ ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | | | ||
+ Yard || 32. | 7. | 32. | 6⁵⁄₈ | 36.6 | 6¹⁄₄ ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Bowsprit || 72. | — | 61.6 | 12³⁄₄ | 66. | 24³⁄₈ ||
+ Sprit-sail Yard || 49. |10.5 | 61.6 | 12³⁄₄ | 64.11| 14⁷⁄₈ ||
+ Spanker Boom || 60. |13. | 66. | 12³⁄₄ | 47.11| 5³⁄₄ ||
+ Gaff || 38. | 9. | 50.2 | 11⁷⁄₈ | — | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ || |Cap. | | | | ||
+ Jib-Boom || 54. |16.3 | 40. | 8¹⁄₂ | 53.2 | 13¹⁄₄ ||
+
+ =================++================================
+ || =Frigates.=
+ ++-------------------------------+
+ || AMERICAN. |
+ ||---------------+---------------+
+ || 1st Class. | 2d Class. |
+ ++-------+-------+-------+-------+-
+ ||Length.|Diamet.|Length.|Diamet.|
+ -----------------++-------+-------+-------+-------+-
+ || Ft.In.| Inch. | Ft.In.| Inch. |
+ Length of Lower- || | | | |
+ deck || — | — | — | — |
+ Breadth Extreme || — | — | — | — |
+ || | | | |
+ Main Mast to the || | | | |
+ hound || 105. | 34.6 | 95. | 31.5 |
+ Main Mast head || 18. | — | 16. | — |
+ Main Top-mast to || | | | |
+ the hound || 63. | 19.3 | 56. | 17. |
+ Main Top-mast || | | | |
+ head || 9.7 | — | 9.6 | — |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 37.6 | 11. | 33.6 | 10. |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | |
+ Mast pole || 22. | 8.8 | 20. | 6.6 |
+ || | | | |
+ Fore Mast to the || | | | |
+ hound || 95. | 31.5 | 86. | 28. |
+ Fore Mast head || 16. | — | 14.6 | — |
+ Fore Top-mast to || | | | |
+ the hound || 56. | 19.3 | 51. | 17. |
+ Fore Top-Mast || | | | |
+ head || 9.6 | — | 8.4 | — |
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 33.6 | 11. | 30. | 10. |
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | |
+ Mast pole || 20. | 7.5 | 18. | 6.6 |
+ || | | | |
+ Mizen Mast to the|| | | | |
+ hound || 84. | 24. | 76. | 20. |
+ Mizen Mast head || 12.4 | — | 11. | — |
+ Mizen Top mast to|| | | | |
+ the hound || 46.4 | 13.5 | 41. | 12. |
+ Mizen Top-mast || | | | |
+ head || 6.8 | — | 6. | — |
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 24.6 | 8.5 | 21. | 6.5 |
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | |
+ Mast pole || 16.6 | — | 14. | 4.6 |
+ || | | | |
+ Main Yard || 95. | 20. | 86.6 | 19. |
+ Fore Yard || 84. | 18.5 | 76. | 18. |
+ Cross-Jack Yard || 66. | 14. | 65.1 | 13. |
+ || | | | |
+ Main Top-sail || | | | |
+ Yard || 71.6 | 16. | 65. | 15. |
+ Fore Top-sail || | | | |
+ Yard || 62. | 14.7 | 57. | 13. |
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | | |
+ Yard || 45. | 10. | 40. | 9. |
+ || | | | |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | |
+ Yard || 45. | 9.5 | 40. | 8. |
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | | |
+ Yard || 41. | 9. | 38. | 7.5 |
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | | |
+ Yard || 30. | 6. | 26. | 5.2 |
+ || | | | |
+ Bowsprit || 66. | — | 60. | — |
+ Sprit-sail Yard || 44.6 | 10. | 40. | 9. |
+ Spanker Boom || 50. | 11. | 45. | 10. |
+ Gaff || 32. | 8. | 30. | 7. |
+ || | | | |
+ || | Cap. | | Cap. |
+ Jib-Boom || 50. | 14.3 | 45. | 13. |
+
+ =================++=================================
+ || =Frigates.=
+ ++-----------------+---------------
+ || |
+ ||-----------------+---------------
+ || ENGLISH. | FRENCH.
+ ++---------+-------+-------+--------
+ || Length. |Diamet.|Length.|Diamet.
+ -----------------++---------+-------+-------+--------
+ || Ft.In. | Inch. | Ft.In.| Inch.
+ Length of Lower- || | | |
+ deck ||151.5 | — | 151.2 |
+ Breadth Extreme || 40.1 | — | 38.4 |
+ || | | |
+ Main Mast to the || | | |
+ hound || 77.6 | 28 | 81.2 | 29¹⁄₄
+ Main Mast head || 15. | — | 13.1 |
+ Main Top-mast to || | | |
+ the hound || 46.10 | 16¹⁄₈ | 52.10| 17¹⁄₂
+ Main Top-mast || | | |
+ head || 7.6 | — | 7.11|
+ Main Top-gallant || | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 23.8 | 9 | 30.11| 10⁵⁄₈
+ Main Top-gallant || | | |
+ Mast pole || 19. | — | 17. |
+ || | | |
+ Fore Mast to the || | | |
+ hound || 71.1 | 25 | 72.1 | 26¹⁄₂
+ Fore Mast head || 13.9 | — | 12.1 |
+ Fore Top-mast to || | | |
+ the hound || 41.6 | 16¹⁄₈ | 48.1 | 17¹⁄₂
+ Fore Top-Mast || | | |
+ head || 6.8 | — | 7.2 |
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 20.5 | 7³⁄₄ | 27.8 | 10³⁄₈
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | |
+ Mast pole || 17.6 | — | 14.11|
+ || | | |
+ Mizen Mast to the|| | | |
+ hound || 57. | 19 | 57.6 | 19¹⁄₈
+ Mizen Mast head || 9.11 | — | 9.6 |
+ Mizen Top mast to|| | | |
+ the hound || 35.6³⁄₄ | 11⁷⁄₈ | 38.5 | 12³⁄₄
+ Mizen Top-mast || | | |
+ head || 5.8³⁄₄ | — | 6.4 |
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | |
+ Mast to the hound|| 17.11¹⁄₂| 6⁷⁄₈ | 21.4 | 7³⁄₈
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | |
+ Mast pole || 15.6 | — | 10.7 |
+ || | | |
+ Main Yard || 81.9 | 18⁷⁄₈ | 85.2 | 20³⁄₄
+ Fore Yard || 71.5 | 16³⁄₈ | 74.6 | 17¹⁄₂
+ Cross-Jack Yard || 59. | 12¹⁄₄ | 58.6 | 12¹⁄₈
+ || | | |
+ Main Top-sail || | | |
+ Yard || 59. | 12¹⁄₄ | 61.9 | 12¹⁄₂
+ Fore Top-sail || | | |
+ Yard || 53.4 | 11¹⁄₂ | 54.4 | 11¹⁄₄
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | |
+ Yard || 40.8 | 8¹⁄₄ | 47.11| 8¹⁄₄
+ || | | |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | |
+ Yard || 37.6 | 7¹⁄₂ | 40.5 | 7³⁄₈
+ Fore Top-gallant || | | |
+ Yard || 32.11 | 6¹⁄₂ | 35.4 | 6⁷⁄₈
+ Mizen Top-gallant|| | | |
+ Yard || 28. | 5¹⁄₂ | 30.10| 6⁷⁄₈
+ || | | |
+ Bowsprit || 53.4 | 11¹⁄₂ | 55.4 | 27³⁄₄
+ Sprit-sail Yard || 53.4 | 11¹⁄₂ | 58.6 | 11³⁄₄
+ Spanker Boom || 55.8 | 11 | |
+ Gaff || 42.5 | 10. | |
+ || | | |
+ || | | |
+ Jib-Boom || — | — | 58.6 | 12³⁄₄
+
+
+=516.--A Table showing the Complement of Officers and Crew allowed to
+Vessels of each Class, U. S. N.=
+
+ ==================++====================++=========++
+ ||=Ships of the Line.=|| ||
+ ++------+-------------++ ++
+ || | 2 DECKS. || ||
+ =Rank || +------+------++ ||
+ or || 3 | 1st | 2d || ||
+ Ratings.= ||DECKS.|Class.|Class.||=Razees.=||
+ ------------------++------+------+------++---------++
+ Captain || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ || | | || ||
+ Commander || 1 | 1 | 1 || — ||
+ Lieutenants || 9 | 6 | 6 || 6 ||
+ Master || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Surgeon || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Purser || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Chaplain[41] || 1 | 1 | 1 || ||
+ Professor of || | | || ||
+ Mathematics || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Passed or other || | | || ||
+ Assistant Surgeons|| 4 | 3 | 3 || 2 ||
+ Passed and other || | | || ||
+ Midshipmen || 21 | 18 | 18 || 12 ||
+ Boatswains || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Gunner || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Carpenter || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Sail-maker || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Clerk to Captain || | | || ||
+ or Commanding || | | || ||
+ Officer || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Clerk to Commander|| 1 | 1 | 1 || ||
+ Clerk to Purser || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Yeoman || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Armorer || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Ship’s Steward || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Master at Arms || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Boatswain’s Mates || 8 | 6 | 6 || 4 ||
+ Gunner’s Mates || 6 | 4 | 4 || 2 ||
+ Carpenter’s Mates || 4 | 3 | 3 || 2 ||
+ Sail-maker’s Mates|| 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 ||
+ Ship’s Cook || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Coxswain || — | — | — || — ||
+ Quarter-Masters || 12 | 10 | 10 || 8 ||
+ Quarter-Gunners || 24 | 18 | 18 || 12 ||
+ Captains of || | | || ||
+ Forecastle || 4 | 4 | 4 || 4 ||
+ Captains of Tops || 8 | 8 | 8 || 6 ||
+ Captains of || | | || ||
+ Afterguard || 2 | 2 | 2 || 2 ||
+ Captains of Hold || 2 | 2 | 2 || 2 ||
+ Cooper || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Painter || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Armorer’s Mate || 1 | 1 | 1 || — ||
+ Surgeon’s Steward || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Ship’s Corporal || 3 | 3 | 3 || 2 ||
+ Master of Band || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Cabin Steward || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Cabin Cook || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Ward-room-Steward || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Ward-room Cook || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 ||
+ Seamen || 250 | 200 | 180 || 125 ||
+ Ordinary Seamen || 250 | 200 | 180 || 125 ||
+ Landsmen and Boys || 374 | 226 | 226 || 151 ||
+ Musicians, First || | | || ||
+ Class || 8 | 6 | 6 || 6 ||
+ Musicians, Second || | | || ||
+ Class || 6 | 5 | 5 || 4 ||
+ Chief Engineer || — | — | — || — ||
+ First Assistant || | | || ||
+ Engineer || — | — | — || — ||
+ Second Assistant || | | || ||
+ Engineer || — | — | — || — ||
+ Third Assistant || | | || ||
+ Engineer || — | — | — || — ||
+ Firemen || — | — | — || — ||
+ Coal Heavers || — | — | — || — ||
+ ++------+------+------++---------++
+ Total, excepting || | | || ||
+ Marines || 1025 | 754 | 714 || 500 ||
+ ++------+------+------++---------++
+ || | | || ||
+ MARINES. || | | || ||
+ || | | || ||
+ Captains || 1 | 1 | 1 || ||
+ Lieutenants || 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 ||
+ Sergeants || 4 | 3 | 3 || 3 ||
+ Corporals || 4 | 4 | 4 || 4 ||
+ Drummers || 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 ||
+ Fifers || 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 ||
+ Privates || 60 | 52 | 52 || 40 ||
+ ++------+------+------++---------++
+ Total Marines || 75 | 66 | 66 || 50 ||
+ ++------+------+------++---------++
+ Total complements || 1100 | 820 | 780 || 550 ||
+
+ ==================++==========================++==========================++
+ || =Frigates.= || =Sloops.= ||
+ ------------------++--------------------------++--------------------------++
+ || | | || | | 16, 32 ||
+ =Rank || | | || | | lb. ||
+ or || 32 | 24 | 18 || 32 | 24 | Car- ||
+ Ratings.= ||Pounder.|Pounder.|Pounder.||Pounder.|Pounder.|ronades.||
+ ------------------++--------+--------+--------++--------+--------+--------++
+ Captain || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1} | — | — ||
+ || | | || or} | | ||
+ Commander || — | — | — || 1} | 1 | 1 ||
+ Lieutenants || 5 | 4 | 4 || 3 | 3 | 3 ||
+ Master || 1 | 1 | 1 || _a_1 | _a_1 | _a_1 ||
+ Surgeon || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Purser || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Chaplain[41] || | | || | | ||
+ Professor of || | | || | | ||
+ Mathematics || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | — | — ||
+ Passed or other || | | || | | ||
+ Assistant Surgeons|| 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Passed and other || | | || | | ||
+ Midshipmen || 12 | 12 | 12 || 8 | 7 | 6 ||
+ Boatswains || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Gunner || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Carpenter || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Sail-maker || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Clerk to Captain || | | || | | ||
+ or Commanding || | | || | | ||
+ Officer || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Clerk to Commander|| | | || | | ||
+ Clerk to Purser || 1 | 1 | 1 || | | ||
+ Yeoman || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Armorer || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Ship’s Steward || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Master at Arms || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Boatswain’s Mates || 4 | 4 | 3 || 3 | 2 | 2 ||
+ Gunner’s Mates || 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Carpenter’s Mates || 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Sail-maker’s Mates|| 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Ship’s Cook || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Coxswain || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter-Masters || 8 | 8 | 6 || 4 | 4 | 4 ||
+ Quarter-Gunners || 12 | 10 | 8 || 4 | 4 | 4 ||
+ Captains of || | | || | | ||
+ Forecastle || 4 | 4 | 3 || 2 | 2 | 2 ||
+ Captains of Tops || 6 | 6 | 6 || 6 | 4 | 4 ||
+ Captains of || | | || | | ||
+ Afterguard || 2 | 2 | 2 || 2 | 2 | 2 ||
+ Captains of Hold || 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Cooper || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Painter || 1 | 1 | 1 || — | — | — ||
+ Armorer’s Mate || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Surgeon’s Steward || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Ship’s Corporal || 2 | 2 | 2 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Master of Band || 1 | 1 | 1 || — | — | — ||
+ Cabin Steward || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Cabin Cook || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Ward-room-Steward || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Ward-room Cook || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Seamen || 110 | 100 | 80 || 42 | 40 | 26 ||
+ Ordinary Seamen || 110 | 100 | 80 || 42 | 40 | 26 ||
+ Landsmen and Boys || 112 | 85 | 52 || 41 | 30 | 19 ||
+ Musicians, First || | | || | | ||
+ Class || 6 | 6 | 5 || — | — | — ||
+ Musicians, Second || | | || | | ||
+ Class || 4 | 4 | 4 || — | — | — ||
+ Chief Engineer || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ First Assistant || | | || | | ||
+ Engineer || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Second Assistant || | | || | | ||
+ Engineer || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Third Assistant || | | || | | ||
+ Engineer || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Firemen || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Coal Heavers || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ ++--------+--------+--------++--------+--------+--------++
+ Total, excepting || | | || | | ||
+ Marines || 430 | 380 | 300 || 184 | 164 | 124 ||
+ ++--------+--------+--------++--------+--------+--------++
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MARINES. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Captains || | | || | | ||
+ Lieutenants || 1 | 1 | 1 || — | — | — ||
+ Sergeants || 3 | 3 | 3 || 2 | 2 | 2 ||
+ Corporals || 4 | 4 | 3 || 2 | 2 | 2 ||
+ Drummers || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Fifers || 1 | 1 | 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Privates || 40 | 40 | 40 || 20 | 20 | 20 ||
+ ++--------+--------+--------++--------+--------+--------++
+ Total Marines || 50 | 50 | 49 || 26 | 26 | 26 ||
+ ++--------+--------+--------++--------+--------+--------++
+ Total complements || 480 | 430 | 349 || 210 | 190 | 150 ||
+
+ ==================++========++===========++====================++
+ || || || =Steamers.= ||
+ ------------------++--------++-----------++--------------------++
+ || || || | | ||
+ =Rank || || =Brigan- || | | ||
+ or || || tines & || 1st | 2d | 3d ||
+ Ratings.= ||=Brigs.=||Schooners.=||Class.|Class.|Class.||
+ ------------------++--------++-----------++------+------+------++
+ Captain || — || — || 1 | — | — ||
+ || || || | | ||
+ Commander || 1 || 1 || — | 1 | ||
+ Lieutenants || 2 || 2 || 3 | 2 | — ||
+ Master || _a_1 || _a_1 || _a_1 | _a_1 | — ||
+ Surgeon || — || — || 1 | — | — ||
+ Purser || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Chaplain[41] || || || | | ||
+ Professor of || || || | | ||
+ Mathematics || — || — || 1 | — | — ||
+ Passed or other || || || | | ||
+ Assistant Surgeons|| 1p’d || 1p’d || 1 | 1p’d | 1 ||
+ Passed and other || || || | | ||
+ Midshipmen || 3 || 3 || 7 | 5 | 4 ||
+ Boatswains || — || — || 1 | — | — ||
+ Gunner || — || — || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Carpenter || — || — || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Sail-maker || — || — || 1 | — | — ||
+ Clerk to Captain || || || | | ||
+ or Commanding || || || | | ||
+ Officer || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Clerk to Commander|| || || | | ||
+ Clerk to Purser || || || | | ||
+ Yeoman || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Armorer || — || — || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Ship’s Steward || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Master at Arms || — || — || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Boatswain’s Mates || 2 || 2 || 3 | 2 | 1 ||
+ Gunner’s Mates || 1 || 1 || 1 | — | 1 ||
+ Carpenter’s Mates || 1 || 1 || 1 | — | 1 ||
+ Sail-maker’s Mates|| 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Ship’s Cook || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Coxswain || — || — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter-Masters || 3 || 3 || 4 | 3 | 2 ||
+ Quarter-Gunners || 2 || 2 || 4 | 2 | — ||
+ Captains of || || || | | ||
+ Forecastle || 1 || 1 || 2 | 2 | — ||
+ Captains of Tops || 2 || 1 || 4 | — | — ||
+ Captains of || || || | | ||
+ Afterguard || 1 || 1 || 2 | — | — ||
+ Captains of Hold || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Cooper || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Painter || — || — || — | — | — ||
+ Armorer’s Mate || 1 || 1 || — | — | — ||
+ Surgeon’s Steward || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ Ship’s Corporal || 1 || 1 || 1 | — | 1 ||
+ Master of Band || — || — || — | — | — ||
+ Cabin Steward || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Cabin Cook || 1 || 1 || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Ward-room-Steward || — || — || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Ward-room Cook || — || — || 1 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Seamen || 15 || 15 || 40 | 10 | 8 ||
+ Ordinary Seamen || 15 || 15 || 40 | 10 | 8 ||
+ Landsmen and Boys || 16 || 16 || 30 | 12 | 8 ||
+ Musicians, First || || || | | ||
+ Class || — || — || — | — | — ||
+ Musicians, Second || || || | | ||
+ Class || — || — || — | — | — ||
+ Chief Engineer || — || — || 1 | 1 | — ||
+ First Assistant || || || | | ||
+ Engineer || — || — || 2 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Second Assistant || || || | | ||
+ Engineer || — || — || 2 | 2 | 1 ||
+ Third Assistant || || || | | ||
+ Engineer || — || — || 2 | 1 | 1 ||
+ Firemen || — || — || 18 | 8 | 2 ||
+ Coal Heavers || — || — || 18 | 4 | 3 ||
+ ++--------++-----------++------+------+------++
+ Total, excepting || || || | | ||
+ Marines || 80 || 79 || 209 | 85 | 50 ||
+ ++--------++-----------++------+------+------++
+ || || || | | ||
+ MARINES. || || || | | ||
+ || || || | | ||
+ Captains || || || | | ||
+ Lieutenants || — || — || — | — | — ||
+ Sergeants || — || — || 2 | 1 | — ||
+ Corporals || — || — || 2 | 2 | — ||
+ Drummers || — || — || 1 | — | — ||
+ Fifers || — || — || 1 | — | — ||
+ Privates || — || — || 20 | 12 | — ||
+ ++--------++-----------++------+------+------++
+ Total Marines || — || — || 26 | 15 | — ||
+ ++--------++-----------++------+------+------++
+ Total complements || 80 || 79 || 235 | 100 | 50 ||
+
+ ==================++========================++=======++===================
+ || =Receiving Vessels.= || ||
+ ------------------++------------------------++-------++
+ ||Ships| | || ||
+ =Rank || of | | || =PAY ||
+ or || the | | || PER ||
+ Ratings.= ||Line.|Frigates.|Smaller.||MONTH.=||=Remarks.=
+ ------------------++-----+---------+--------++-------++-------------------
+ Captain || 1 | | || ||}
+ || | | || ||}
+ Commander || | | || ||}
+ Lieutenants || 4 | | || ||}
+ Master || 1 | | || ||} (_a_) To act as
+ Surgeon || 1 | | || ||} Watch Officers if
+ Purser || 1 | | || ||} necessary.
+ Chaplain[41] || 1 | | || ||}
+ Professor of || | | || ||}
+ Mathematics || 1 | | || As ||}
+ Passed or other || | | || reg- ||}
+ Assistant Surgeons|| 1 | | || u- ||}
+ Passed and other || | | || la- ||}
+ Midshipmen || 6 | | || ted ||}
+ Boatswains || 1 | | || by ||}
+ Gunner || 1 | | || law. ||}
+ Carpenter || 1 | | || ||}
+ Sail-maker || 1 | | || ||}
+ Clerk to Captain || | | || ||}
+ or Commanding || | | || ||}
+ Officer || | | || ||}
+ Clerk to Commander|| | | || ||}
+ Clerk to Purser || | By | By || ||}
+ Yeoman || 1 | spe- | spe- || ||YEOMEN. $40 in
+ Armorer || 1 | cial | cial || ||Ships of the Line;
+ Ship’s Steward || 1 | or- | or- || $18 ||35 in Frigates; 25
+ Master at Arms || 1 | der. | der. || 19 ||in Sloops; 18 in
+ Boatswain’s Mates || 2 | — | — || 19 ||smaller.
+ Gunner’s Mates || — | — | — || 19 ||ARMORER. $25 in
+ Carpenter’s Mates || — | — | — || 19 ||Ships of the
+ Sail-maker’s Mates|| — | — | — || 15 ||Line; 20 in
+ Ship’s Cook || 1 | — | — || 18 ||Frigates; 15 in
+ Coxswain || — | — | — || 18 ||Sloops.
+ Quarter-Masters || — | — | — || 18 ||
+ Quarter-Gunners || — | — | — || 15 ||
+ Captains of || | | || ||
+ Forecastle || — | | || 18 ||
+ Captains of Tops || — | By | By || 15 ||
+ Captains of || | spe- | spe- || ||
+ Afterguard || — | cial | cial || 15 ||
+ Captains of Hold || — | or- | or- || 15 ||
+ Cooper || — | der. | der. || 15 ||
+ Painter || — | | || 15 ||
+ Armorer’s Mate || — | | || 15 ||
+ Surgeon’s Steward || — | | || 18 ||
+ Ship’s Corporal || 1 | — | — || 15 ||
+ Master of Band || — | — | — || 18 ||
+ Cabin Steward || 1 | — | — || 18 ||
+ Cabin Cook || 1 | — | — || 15 ||
+ Ward-room-Steward || 1 | — | — || 18 ||
+ Ward-room Cook || 1 | — | — || 15 ||
+ Seamen || 10 | — | — || 12 ||
+ Ordinary Seamen || 20 | — | — || 10 ||
+ Landsmen and Boys || 40 | — | — || 9 ||For landsmen, and
+ Musicians, First || | | || ||$8 to $6 for
+ Class || — | — | — || 12 ||boys.
+ Musicians, Second || | | || ||
+ Class || — | — | — || 10 ||
+ Chief Engineer || — | — | — || ||}
+ First Assistant || | | || ||}
+ Engineer || — | — | — || ||}
+ Second Assistant || | | || ||}
+ Engineer || — | — | — || ||}
+ Third Assistant || | | || ||}
+ Engineer || — | — | — || ||}
+ Firemen || — | | || ||}
+ Coal Heavers || — | | || As ||}
+ ++-----+ | || reg- ||}
+ Total, excepting || | | || u- ||}
+ Marines || 106 | By | By || la- ||}
+ ++-----+ spe- | spe- || ted ||}
+ || | cial | cial || by ||}
+ MARINES. || | or- | or- || law. ||}
+ || | der. | der. || ||}
+ Captains || | | || ||}
+ Lieutenants || 1 | — | — || ||}
+ Sergeants || 3 | — | — || ||}
+ Corporals || 3 | — | — || ||}_Note._—Special
+ Drummers || 1 | — | — || ||}complements will
+ Fifers || 1 | — | — || ||}be designated by
+ Privates || 31 | — | — || ||}the Department,
+ ++-----+ | || || for vessels
+ Total Marines || 40 | | || || which do not
+ ++-----+ | || || fall under any
+ Total complements || 146 | | || || regular class.
+
+ [41] Razees and Frigates having the Commander of a Squadron on board,
+ are also entitled to a Chaplain.
+
+ NOTE.--Vessels in which the Commander of a Squadron is embarked, may
+ bear, as supernumeraries in addition to her complement, by order of
+ such commander, one Lieutenant, one Clerk, one Coxswain, one Cabin
+ Cook, one Cabin Steward, one Seaman, and two Ordinary Seamen.
+
+The number allowed, is not to be exceeded in any rating, without
+the authority of the Secretary of the Navy, unless to make good
+deficiencies in some superior rating. And vessels, when otherwise
+ready for sea, are not to be detained on account of deficiencies in
+their complements, if the whole number of Petty Officers and persons
+of inferior rating, shall be equal to nine-tenths of the whole number
+allotted as their complements. The total number is not to be exceeded
+without the direction or sanction of the Secretary of the Navy.
+
+ COMMODORE C. MORRIS, _Chief of Bureau, Const., Equip. and
+ Repairs_.
+ COMMODORE L. WARRINGTON, _Chief of Bureau, Docks and Yards_.
+ COMMODORE W. M. CRANE, _Chief of Bureau, Ordnance and Hydrography_.
+ COMMODORE W. B. SHUBRICK, _Chief of Bureau, Provision and Clothing_.
+ SURGEON THOMAS HARRIS, _Chief of Bureau, Medicine and Surgery_.
+
+The foregoing Table of Complements of Officers and Crews for U. S.
+Vessels of War, is approved, and will be hereafter regarded as the
+guide, by which Vessels of War of all classes are to be prepared for
+sea; excepting that, when there shall be in a Squadron a Frigate, or
+Vessel of larger class, a Captain of Marines shall be detailed for duty
+as Commanding Officer of the _Marine Guard_ on board said Ship.
+
+ J. Y. MASON, _Secretary of the Navy_.
+
+
+=517.--A Table of Spars, &c., for all Classes of Vessels, U. S. N.=
+
+ ======================++=========================================++
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++-----------------------------------------++
+ || TWO DECKS. ||
+ +++-------------------+--------------------++
+ || 1st Class. | 2d Class. ||
+ ++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------++
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| Mast-| |Diam-| Mast-||
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| head.|Length.|eter.| head.||
+ ----------------------++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------++
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.| Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.||
+ Main Mast ||124.6 | 40.2| 20. |117. | 6.8| 20. ||
+ Main Top-mast || 70. | 21.5| 12. | 70. | 21.5| 12. ||
+ Main Top-gallant Mast || 35. | 12. | — | 35. | 12. | — ||
+ Main Royal Mast || 23.6 | — | — | 23.6 | — | — ||
+ Main Flag Pole || 9.³⁄₄| 4. | — | 9.³⁄₄| 4. | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Fore mast ||115. | 36.8| 8. |105. | 34. | 18. ||
+ Fore Top-mast || 63. | 21.5| 10.6 | 63. | 21.5| 10.6 ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Mast || 32. | 12. | — | 32. | 12. | — ||
+ Fore Royal Mast || 21.4 | — | — | 21.4 | — | — ||
+ Fore Flag Pole || 8.6 | 4. | — | 8.6 | 4. | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Mizen Mast ||105. | 26.5| 16. | 98. | 26. | 16. ||
+ Mizen Top-mast || 55. | 15.8| 9. | 53. | 15.3| 9. ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Mast|| 29. | 9.8| — | 29. | 9.8| — ||
+ Mizen Royal Mast || 19.4 | — | — | 19.4 | — | — ||
+ Mizen Flag Pole || 7.9 | 3.7| — | 7.9 | 3.7| — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ || | | Yard | | | Yard ||
+ || | | Arm. | | | Arm. ||
+ Main Yard ||107.6 | 25.7| 5. |105. | 25.3| 5. ||
+ Main Top-sail Yard || 78. | 19.5| 6.6 | 77. | 19.2| 6.6 ||
+ Main Top-gallant Yard || 52. | 11.8| 2. | 49. | 11.2| 2. ||
+ Main Royal Yard || 36. | 7.2| 1.6 | 35.1 | 7. | 1.6 ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Fore Yard || 96. | 23. | 5. | 90. | 21.6| 4. ||
+ Fore Top-sail Yard || 71. | 17.8| 6. | 67. | 16.8| 5.6 ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Yard || 46. | 10.7| 2. | 45. | 10.5| 2. ||
+ Fore Royal Yard || 33. | 6.6| 1.6 | 30.5 | 6.1| 1.3 ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Cross-jack Yard || 80. | 16. | 7.6 | 76. | 15.2| 7.6 ||
+ Mizen Top-sail Yard || 53. | 11.1| 4.6 | 49.6 | 10.2| 4. ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Yard|| 33. | 6.6| 1.6 | 32. | 6.4| 1.6 ||
+ Mizen Royal Yard || 23. | 4.6| 1. | 21. | 4.2| .11||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Sprit-sail Yard || | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Bow-sprit || 78. | — | — | 72. | — | — ||
+ Jib-boom || 60. | 17.8| — | 54. | 16. | — ||
+ Flying Jib-boom || 61. | 12. | — | 56. | 11. | — ||
+ Pole || 9. | — | — | 9. | — | — ||
+
+ ======================++====================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ++
+ || ||
+ ++ ||
+ || =Razees.= ||
+ ++-------+-----+------++
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| Mast-||
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| head.||
+ ----------------------++-------+-----+------++
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.||
+ Main Mast ||113. | 36.8| 20. ||
+ Main Top-mast || 70. | 21.5| 12. ||
+ Main Top-gallant Mast || 35. | 12. | — ||
+ Main Royal Mast || 23.6 | — | — ||
+ Main Flag Pole || 9.³⁄₄| 4. | — ||
+ || | | ||
+ Fore mast ||101. | 34. | 18. ||
+ Fore Top-mast || 63. | 21.5| 10.6 ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Mast || 32. | 12. | — ||
+ Fore Royal Mast || 21.4 | — | — ||
+ Fore Flag Pole || 8.6 | 4. | — ||
+ || | | ||
+ Mizen Mast || 94. | 26. | 16. ||
+ Mizen Top-mast || 53. | 15.3| 9. ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Mast|| 29. | 9.8| — ||
+ Mizen Royal Mast || 19.4 | — | — ||
+ Mizen Flag Pole || 7.9 | 3.7| — ||
+ || | | ||
+ || | | Yard ||
+ || | | Arm. ||
+ Main Yard ||105. | 25.3| 5. ||
+ Main Top-sail Yard || 77. | 19.2| 6.6 ||
+ Main Top-gallant Yard || 49. | 11.2| 2. ||
+ Main Royal Yard || 35.1 | 7. | 1.6 ||
+ || | | ||
+ Fore Yard || 90. | 21.6| 4. ||
+ Fore Top-sail Yard || 67. | 16.8| 5.6 ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Yard || 45. | 10.5| 2. ||
+ Fore Royal Yard || 30.5 | 6.1| 1.3 ||
+ || | | ||
+ Cross-jack Yard || 76. | 15.2| 7.6 ||
+ Mizen Top-sail Yard || 49.6 | 10.2| 4. ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Yard|| 32. | 6.4| 1.6 ||
+ Mizen Royal Yard || 21. | 4.2| .11||
+ || | | ||
+ Sprit-sail Yard || | | ||
+ || | | ||
+ Bow-sprit || 72. | — | — ||
+ Jib-boom || 54. | 16. | — ||
+ Flying Jib-boom || 56. | 11. | — ||
+ Pole || 9. | — | — ||
+
+ ======================++=========================================++
+ || =Frigates.= ||
+ ++--------------------+--------------------++
+ || | ||
+ ++ | ||
+ || 1st Class. | 2d Class. ||
+ ++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------++
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| Mast-| |Diam-| Mast-||
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| head.|Length.|eter.| head.||
+ ----------------------++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------++
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.| Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.||
+ Main Mast || 105. | 34. | 18. | 95. | 30.8| 16. ||
+ Main Top-mast || 63. | 19.3| 9.7 | 56. | 17.4| 9.6 ||
+ Main Top-gallant Mast || 32. | 11. | — | 29. | 10. | — ||
+ Main Royal Mast || 21.8 | — | — | 19.4 | — | — ||
+ Main Flag Pole || 8.8 | 4. | — | 7.9 | 3.5| — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Fore mast || 95. | 30.8| 16. | 86. | 27.9| 14.6 ||
+ Fore Top-mast || 56. | 19.3| 9.6 | 51. | 17.4| 8.4 ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Mast || 29. | 11. | — | 25.8 | 10. | — ||
+ Fore Royal Mast || 19.4 | — | — | 17.1 | — | — ||
+ Fore Flag Pole || 7.9 | 4. | — | 6.10| 3.5| — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Mizen Mast || 87. | 24.8| 12.4 | 79. | 21. | 11. ||
+ Mizen Top-mast || 46.4 | 13.3| 6.8 | 41. | 11.8| 6. ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Mast|| 24.6 | 8. | — | 21. | 7. | — ||
+ Mizen Royal Mast || 16.4 | — | — | 14. | — | — ||
+ Mizen Flag Pole || 6.6 | 3.6| — | 5.7 | 3.3| — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ || | | Yard | | | Yard ||
+ || | | Arm. | | | Arm. ||
+ Main Yard || 95. | 22.6| 4.9 | 86.6 | 20. | 4.4 ||
+ Main Top-sail Yard || 71.6 | 17.8| 6. | 65. | 15.5| 5.5 ||
+ Main Top-gallant Yard || 44. | 10.2| 2. | 40. | 9. | 2. ||
+ Main Royal Yard || 30. | 6. | 1.6 | 27. | 5.4| 1.3 ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Fore Yard || 84. | 20.2| 4.6 | 76. | 17.9| 4. ||
+ Fore Top-sail Yard || 62. | 15.5| 5.3 | 57. | 13.6| 5. ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Yard || 41. | 9.3| 2. | 38. | 8.5| 2. ||
+ Fore Royal Yard || 27. | 5.4| 1.3 | 25. | 5. | 1. ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Cross-jack Yard || 66. | 13.2| 7. | 64. | 12.8| 7. ||
+ Mizen Top-sail Yard || 46. | 9.5| 4. | 41. | 8.5| 4. ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Yard|| 30. | 6. | 1.6 | 26. | 5.2| 1.4 ||
+ Mizen Royal Yard || 19. | 3.8| 9. | 16. | 3.2| .8 ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Sprit-sail Yard || | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Bow-sprit || 66. | — | — | 60. | — | — ||
+ Jib-boom || 50. | 14.8| — | 45. | 13.5| — ||
+ Flying Jib-boom || 54. | 10.8| — | 45. | 9. | — ||
+ Pole || 8.8 | — | — | 7.9 | — | — ||
+
+ ======================++==========================================
+ || =Sloops.=
+ ++--------------------+--------------------+
+ || | |
+ ++ | |
+ || 1st Class. | 2d Class. |
+ ++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------+
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| Mast-| |Diam-| Mast-|
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| head.|Length.|eter.| head.|
+ ----------------------++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------+
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.| Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.|
+ Main Mast || 80. | 25.8| 14. | 75. | 24.2| 12. |
+ Main Top-mast || 47. | 14.8| 7. | 45. | 14.5| 6.9 |
+ Main Top-gallant Mast || 24. | 8. | — | 22. | 7.5| — |
+ Main Royal Mast || 16. | — | — | 14.8 | — | — |
+ Main Flag Pole || 6.5 | 3.5| — | 6. | 3. | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Fore mast || 72. | 23.3| 12. | 67.6 | 21.8| 11. |
+ Fore Top-mast || 43. | 14.6| 6.9 | 42. | 14.5| 6.4 |
+ Fore Top-gallant Mast || 23. | 8.3| — | 21. | 7. | — |
+ Fore Royal Mast || 15.4 | — | — | 14. | — | — |
+ Fore Flag Pole || 6. | 3.5| — | 5.7 | 3. | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Mizen Mast || 66. | 18. | 10. | 63.9 | 16. | 10. |
+ Mizen Top-mast || 37. | 11. | 6. | 32. | 9.9| 5. |
+ Mizen Top-gallant Mast|| 20. | 6.5| — | 16. | 5.3| — |
+ Mizen Royal Mast || 13.4 | — | — | 10.8 | — | — |
+ Mizen Flag Pole || 5.2 | 3.3| — | 4.3 | 2.8| — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ || | | Yard | | | Yard |
+ || | | Arm. | | | Arm. |
+ Main Yard || 75. | 17.5| 3.9 | 67.6 | 15.9| 4. |
+ Main Top-sail Yard || 56. | 13.4| 5. | 52.2 | 12.6| 5. |
+ Main Top-gallant Yard || 37. | 8.4| 2. | 34. | 7.6| 2. |
+ Main Royal Yard || 25. | 5. | 1. | 22.9 | 4.5| 9. |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Fore Yard || 65. | 15.2| 3.3 | 60.9 | 14.1| 3.8 |
+ Fore Top-sail Yard || 49. | 11.5| 4.8 | 46. | 11.1| 5. |
+ Fore Top-gallant Yard || 32. | 7.3| 1.9 | 30.6 | 6.8| 1.9 |
+ Fore Royal Yard || 22. | 4.4| 9. | 20.6 | 4.1| 8. |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Cross-jack Yard || 53. | 10.6| 4.9 | 51.10 | 10.4| 4. |
+ Mizen Top-sail Yard || 36.6 | 7.6| 3.6 | 34.8 | 7.3| 3.3 |
+ Mizen Top-gallant Yard|| 22.6 | 4.5| 1.4 | 22. | 4.4| 1.3 |
+ Mizen Royal Yard || 15. | 3. | .6 | 14. | 2.8| .6 |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Sprit-sail Yard || | | | | | |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Bow-sprit || 50. | — | — | 48. | — | — |
+ Jib-boom || 38. | 11.2| — | 34.6 | 10. | — |
+ Flying Jib-boom || 40. | 8. | — | 38.9 | 7.8| — |
+ Pole || 6.5 | — | — | 6. | — | — |
+
+ ======================++====================
+ || =Sloops.=
+ ++--------------------
+ ||
+ ++
+ || 3d Class.
+ ++-------+-----+------
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| Mast-
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| head.
+ ----------------------++-------+-----+------
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.
+ Main Mast || 72. | 24.2| 12.
+ Main Top-mast || 45. | 14.5| 6.9
+ Main Top-gallant Mast || 22. | 7.5| —
+ Main Royal Mast || 14.8 | — | —
+ Main Flag Pole || 6. | 3. | —
+ || | |
+ Fore mast || 64.6 | 21.8| 11.
+ Fore Top-mast || 42. | 14.5| 6.4
+ Fore Top-gallant Mast || 21. | 7. | —
+ Fore Royal Mast || 14. | — | —
+ Fore Flag Pole || 5.7 | 3. | —
+ || | |
+ Mizen Mast || 60.9 | 16. | 10.
+ Mizen Top-mast || 32. | 9.9| 5.
+ Mizen Top-gallant Mast|| 16. | 5.3| —
+ Mizen Royal Mast || 10.8 | — | —
+ Mizen Flag Pole || 4.3 | 2.8| —
+ || | |
+ || | | Yard
+ || | | Arm.
+ Main Yard || 67.6 | 15.9| 4.
+ Main Top-sail Yard || 52.2 | 12.6| 5.
+ Main Top-gallant Yard || 34. | 7.6| 2.
+ Main Royal Yard || 22.9 | 4.5| .9
+ || | |
+ Fore Yard || 60.9 | 14.1| 3.8
+ Fore Top-sail Yard || 46. | 11.1| 5.
+ Fore Top-gallant Yard || 30.6 | 6.8| 1.9
+ Fore Royal Yard || 20.6 | 4.1| .8
+ || | |
+ Cross-jack Yard || 51.10| 10.4| 4.
+ Mizen Top-sail Yard || 34.8 | 7.3| 3.3
+ Mizen Top-gallant Yard|| 22. | 4.4| 1.3
+ Mizen Royal Yard || 14. | 2.8| .6
+ Sprit-sail Yard || | |
+ || | |
+ Bow-sprit || 46. | — | —
+ || | |
+ Jib-boom || 34.6 | 10. | —
+ Flying Jib-boom || 38.9 | 7.8| —
+ Pole || 6. | — | —
+
+ ========================++=====================
+ ||=Ships of the Line.=
+ ++--------------------+
+ || |
+ || +
+ || THREE DECKS. |
+ ++-------+-----+------+
+ || | |Length|
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| of |
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| Pole.|
+ ------------------------++-------+-----+------+
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.|
+ Main Gaff || 33. | 8.2| — |
+ M’n Top-mast Studding- || | | |
+ sail Boom || 55. | 11.5| — |
+ Yard for Main Topmast || | | |
+ Studding-sail || 24. | 4.8| — |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | |
+ Studd’g-sail Boom || 41. | 8.6| — |
+ Yard for Main Top- || | | |
+ gallant Studding-sail || 24. | 4.8| — |
+ || | | |
+ Fore Gaff || 37. | 9.2| — |
+ Lower Swinging Boom || 65. | 13. | — |
+ Yard for Lower Studding-|| | | |
+ sail || 32.6 | 6.5| — |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | |
+ sail Boom || 50. | 10.5| — |
+ Yard for Fore Top-mast || | | |
+ Studding-sail || 31. | 6.2| — |
+ Fore Top-gall’t || | | |
+ Studding-sail Boom || 37.6 | 7.8| — |
+ Yard for Fore Top- || | | |
+ gallant Studding-sail || 22. | 4.4| — |
+ || | | |
+ Spanker Boom || 60. | 12.5| — |
+ Ring-tail Boom || 30. | 6. | — |
+ Mizen Gaff || 38. | 9.4| 5. |
+ || | | |
+ Square-sail Boom || — | — | — |
+ Yard for Square-sail || — | — | — |
+ Jack Gaff || 17. | 6. | — |
+ Dolphin Striker || 22. | 9. | 3. |
+
+ ========================++=========================================++
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++-----------------------------------------++
+ || TWO DECKS. ||
+ ||--------------------+--------------------++
+ || 1st Class. | 2d Class. ||
+ ++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------++
+ || | |Length| | |Length||
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| of | |Diam-| of ||
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| Pole.|Length.|eter.| Pole.||
+ ------------------------++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------++
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.| Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.||
+ Main Gaff || 33. | 8.2| — | 30. | 7.4| — ||
+ M’n Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || 53.9 | 11. | — | 52.6 | 11. | — ||
+ Yard for Main Topmast || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 24. | 4.8| — | 23.6 | 4.7| — ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Studd’g-sail Boom || 39. | 8.2| — | 38. | 6.8| — ||
+ Yard for Main Top- || | | | | | ||
+ gallant Studding-sail || 24. | 4.8| — | 23.6 | 4.7| — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Fore Gaff || 37. | 9.2| — | 36. | 8.8| — ||
+ Lower Swinging Boom || 60. | 12. | — | 58. | 11.6| — ||
+ Yard for Lower Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sail || 30. | 6. | — | 29. | 5.8| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || 48. | 10. | — | 45. | 9.4| — ||
+ Yard for Fore Top-mast || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 29.9 | 6. | — | 28. | 5.6| — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail Boom || 35. | 7.4| — | 33.6 | 7. | — ||
+ Yard for Fore Top- || | | | | | ||
+ gallant Studding-sail || 21. | 4.2| — | 20.6 | 4. | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Spanker Boom || 60. | 12.5| — | 57. | 11.8| — ||
+ Ring-tail Boom || 30. | 6. | — | 28.6 | 5.7| — ||
+ Mizen Gaff || 38. | 9.4| 5. | 35. | 8.6| 5. ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Square-sail Boom || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Yard for Square-sail || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jack Gaff || 16. | 5.5| — | 16. | 5.5| — ||
+ Dolphin Striker || 20. | 8.5| 3. | 20. | 8.5| 3. ||
+
+ ========================++====================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ++
+ || ||
+ || ||
+ || =Razees.= ||
+ ++-------+-----+------++
+ || | |Length||
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| of ||
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| Pole.||
+ ------------------------++-------+-----+------++
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.||
+ Main Gaff || 30. | 7.4| — ||
+ M’n Top-mast Studding- || | | ||
+ sail Boom || 52.6 | 11. | — ||
+ Yard for Main Topmast || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 23.6 | 4.7| — ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | ||
+ Studd’g-sail Boom || 38. | 6.8| — ||
+ Yard for Main Top- || | | ||
+ gallant Studding-sail || 23.6 | 4.7| — ||
+ || | | ||
+ Fore Gaff || 36. | 8.8| — ||
+ Lower Swinging Boom || 58. | 11.6| — ||
+ Yard for Lower Studding-|| | | ||
+ sail || 29. | 5.8| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | ||
+ sail Boom || 45. | 9.4| — ||
+ Yard for Fore Top-mast || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 28. | 5.6| — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t || | | ||
+ Studding-sail Boom || 33.6 | 7. | — ||
+ Yard for Fore Top- || | | ||
+ gallant Studding-sail || 20.6 | 4. | — ||
+ || | | ||
+ Spanker Boom || 57. | 11.8| — ||
+ Ring-tail Boom || 28.6 | 5.7| — ||
+ Mizen Gaff || 35. | 8.6| 5. ||
+ || | | ||
+ Square-sail Boom || — | — | — ||
+ Yard for Square-sail || — | — | — ||
+ Jack Gaff || 16. | 5.5| — ||
+ Dolphin Striker || 20. | 8.5| 3. ||
+
+ ========================++=========================================++
+ || =Frigates.= ||
+ ++--------------------+--------------------++
+ || | ||
+ || | ||
+ || 1st Class. | 2d Class. ||
+ ++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------++
+ || | |Length| | |Length||
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| of | |Diam-| of ||
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| Pole.|Length.|eter.| Pole.||
+ ------------------------++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------++
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.| Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.||
+ Main Gaff || 28.6 | 7.1| — | 27. | 6.8 | — ||
+ M’n Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || 47.6 | 9.9| — | 43.3 | 9. | — ||
+ Yard for Main Topmast || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 20. | 4. | — | 18. | 3.6 | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | ||
+ Studd’g-sail Boom || 35.9 | 7.4| — | 32.6 | 6.8 | — ||
+ Yard for Main Top- || | | | | | ||
+ gallant Studding-sail || 20. | 4. | — | 18. | 3.6 | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Fore Gaff || 33.6 | 8.3| — | 33. | 8.2 | — ||
+ Lower Swinging Boom || 51.3 | 10.2| — | 46.3 | 9.2 | — ||
+ Yard for Lower Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sail || 25.6 | 5. | — | 23. | 4.6 | — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || 42. | 8.8| — | 38. | 8. | — ||
+ Yard for Fore Top-mast || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 25.9 | 5.2| — | 23.6 | 4.7 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail Boom || 31. | 6.5| — | 28.6 | 6. | — ||
+ Yard for Fore Top- || | | | | | ||
+ gallant Studding-sail || 18.6 | 3.7| — | 17. | 3.4 | — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Spanker Boom || 50. | 10.5| — | 45. | 9.5 | — ||
+ Ring-tail Boom || 25. | 5. | — | 22.6 | 4.5 | — ||
+ Mizen Gaff || 32. | 7.8| 4.6| 30. | 7.4 | 4.6 ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Square-sail Boom || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Yard for Square-sail || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jack Gaff || 14. | 4.2| — | 14. | 4.2 | — ||
+ Dolphin Striker || 18. | 7.5| 2. | 18. | 7.5 | 2. ||
+
+ ========================++==========================================
+ || =Sloops.=
+ ++--------------------+--------------------+
+ || | |
+ || | |
+ || 1st Class. | 2d Class. |
+ ++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------+
+ || | |Length| | |Length|
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| of | |Diam-| of |
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| Pole.|Length.|eter.| Pole.|
+ ------------------------++-------+-----+------+-------+-----+------+
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.| Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.|
+ Main Gaff || 19.5 | 5. | — | 17. | 4.4 | — |
+ M’n Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail Boom || 37.6 | 7.8 | — | 33.9 | 7. | — |
+ Yard for Main Topmast || | | | | | |
+ Studding-sail || 16.6 | 3.3 | — | 15. | 3. | — |
+ Main Top-gallant || | | | | | |
+ Studd’g-sail Boom || 28. | 5.8 | — | 26. | 5.4 | — |
+ Yard for Main Top- || | | | | | |
+ gallant Studding-sail || 16.6 | 3.3 | — | 15. | 3. | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Fore Gaff || 26. | 6.4 | — | 25. | 6.2 | — |
+ Lower Swinging Boom || 42. | 8.4 | — | 40.9 | 8.2 | — |
+ Yard for Lower Studding-|| | | | | | |
+ sail || 21. | 4.2 | — | 20.4 | 4. | — |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail Boom || 32.6 | 6.8 | — | 30.3 | 6.4 | — |
+ Yard for Fore Top-mast || | | | | | |
+ Studding-sail || 19.10| 4. | — | 18. | 3.6 | — |
+ Fore Top-gall’t || | | | | | |
+ Studding-sail Boom || 24.6 | 5.2 | — | 23. | 4.9 | — |
+ Yard for Fore Top- || | | | | | |
+ gallant Studding-sail || 14. | 3.3 | — | 13.6 | 2.7 | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Spanker Boom || 35. | 7.7 | — | 34. | 7.4 | — |
+ Ring-tail Boom || 17.6 | 3.5 | — | 17. | 3.4 | — |
+ Mizen Gaff || 28. | 6.8 | 4. | 26. | 6.4 | 4. |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Square-sail Boom || — | — | — | — | — | — |
+ Yard for Square-sail || — | — | — | — | — | — |
+ Jack Gaff || 13. | 3.7 | — | 11. | 3.2 | — |
+ Dolphin Striker || 15. | 7. | 2. | 14. | 6.3 | 1.8 |
+
+ ========================++====================
+ || =Sloops.=
+ ++--------------------
+ ||
+ ||
+ || 3d Class.
+ ++-------+-----+------
+ || | |Length
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| of
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| Pole.
+ ------------------------++-------+-----+------
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.
+ Main Gaff || 17. | 4.4 | —
+ M’n Top-mast Studding- || | |
+ sail Boom || 33.9 | 7. | —
+ Yard for Main Topmast || | |
+ Studding-sail || 15. | 3. | —
+ Main Top-gallant || | |
+ Studd’g-sail Boom || 26. | 5.4 | —
+ Yard for Main Top- || | |
+ gallant Studding-sail || 15. | 3. | —
+ || | |
+ Fore Gaff || 25. | 6.2 | —
+ Lower Swinging Boom || 40.9 | 8.2 | —
+ Yard for Lower Studding-|| | |
+ sail || 20.4 | 4. | —
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | |
+ sail Boom || 30.3 | 6.4 | —
+ Yard for Fore Top-mast || | |
+ Studding-sail || 18. | 3.6 | —
+ Fore Top-gall’t || | |
+ Studding-sail Boom || 23. | 4.9 | —
+ Yard for Fore Top- || | |
+ gallant Studding-sail || 13.6 | 2.7 | —
+ || | |
+ Spanker Boom || 34. | 7.4 | —
+ Ring-tail Boom || 17. | 3.4 | —
+ Mizen Gaff || 26. | 6.4 | 4.
+ || | |
+ Square-sail Boom || — | — | —
+ Yard for Square-sail || — | — | —
+ Jack Gaff || 11. | 3.2 | —
+ Dolphin Striker || 14. | 6.3 | 1.8
+
+ ========================++====================++====================++
+ || =Brigs.= || =Brigantines.= ||
+ ++-------+-----+------++-------+-----+------++
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| Mast-|| |Diam-| Mast-||
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| head.||Length.|eter.| head.||
+ ------------------------++-------+-----+------++-------+-----+------++
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.|| Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.||
+ Main Mast || 72.2 | 22.6| 12.2 || 76. | 20. | 8. ||
+ Main Top-mast || 40.6 | 12.6| 6.9 || 21. | 6.3| — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Mast || 20.3 | 7.2| — || 14. | 5.2| — ||
+ Main Royal Mast || 13.4 | — —| 6.6 || | | ||
+ Main Flag Pole || 5.4 | 2.5| — || 5.4 | — —| 6. ||
+ Fore Mast || 64.8 | 22. | 11.3 || 55. | 18.7| 9.2 ||
+ Fore Top-mast || 40.6 | 12.6| 6.9 || 32.6 | 10.4| 5.6 ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Mast || 20.3 | 7.2| — || 18.3 | 6.8| — ||
+ Fore Royal Mast || 13.6 | — | — || 12. | | ||
+ Fore Flag Pole || 5.4 | 2.5| — || 5. | — | — ||
+ Mizen Flag Pole || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || | | Yard || | | Yard ||
+ || | | Arm. || | | Arm. ||
+ Main Yard || 59.6 | 14. | 3. || 35.6 | 8. | 2.9 ||
+ Main Top-sail Yard || 44.7 | 10.6| 3.8 || 24.6 | 5.5| 1.4 ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Yard || 28.4 | 6.5| 1.4 || 16.3 | 3.2| 9. ||
+ Main Royal Yard || 18.11| 3.6| 9. || | | ||
+ Fore Yard || 59.6 | 14. | 3. || 45. | 10.1| 2.9 ||
+ Fore Top-sail Yard || 44.7 | 10.7| 3.8 || 33.6 | 7.7| 3. ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Yard || 28.4 | 6.5| 1.4 || 22. | 4.5| 1.6 ||
+ Fore Royal Yard || 18.11| 4. | 9. || 14.9 | 3. | 9. ||
+ Sprit-sail Yard || | | || | | ||
+ Bow-sprit || 42. | — | — || 17.6 | Outb’rd. ||
+ Jib-boom || 32.5 | 9.5| — || 14. | Outb’rd. ||
+ Flying Jib-boom || 34.5 | 6.8| — || 12. | Outb’rd. ||
+ Pole || 5.4 | — | — || 3.4 | | ||
+ || | | L’gth|| | | L’gth||
+ || | | Pole.|| | | Pole.||
+ Main Gaff || 39.8 | 9.8| 5. || 25. | 8.5| 5. ||
+ M’n Top-mast Studding- || | | || | | ||
+ sail Boom || 29. | 6. | || | | ||
+ Yard for Main Top-mast || | | || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 12.10| 2.6| || | | ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | || | | ||
+ Studd’g-sail Boom || 22.3 | 4.6| || | | ||
+ Yard for Main Top-gal’t || | | || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 12.10| 2.6| || | | ||
+ Fore Gaff || 25. | 6.2| — || 24. | 8. | — ||
+ Lower Swinging Boom || 31.6 | 6.4| — || 22. | 4.6| — ||
+ Yard for Lower Studding-|| | | || | | ||
+ sail || 15.3 | 3. | — || 11. | 2.6| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | || | | ||
+ sail Boom || 29.9 | 6.2| — || 22.6 | 4.8| — ||
+ Yard for Fore Top-mast || | | || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 18.7 | 3.8| — || 13.9 | 3. | — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t || | | || | | ||
+ Studding-sail Boom || 22.3 | 4.7| — || 16.9 | 3.6| — ||
+ Yard for Fore Top- || | | || | | ||
+ gall’nt Studd’g-sail || 12.10| 2.6| — || 9.6 | 2. | — ||
+ Spanker Boom || 59.6 | 13. | — || 50. | 11. | — ||
+ Square-sail Boom || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Yard for Square-sail || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jack Gaff || 9. | 3. | — || 9. | 3. | — ||
+
+ ========================++====================++====================
+ || =Schooners.= ||
+ ++-------+-----+------++
+ =Names of the || |Diam-| Mast-||
+ different Spars.= ||Length.|eter.| head.||=Remarks.=
+ ------------------------++-------+-----+------++--------------------
+ || Ft.In.|Inch.|Ft.In.||
+ Main Mast || 78.8 | 20.3| 8. ||
+ Main Top-mast || 26.2 | 7.5| ||
+ Main Top-gallant Mast || 13.1 | 5. | ||
+ Main Royal Mast || | | ||
+ Main Flag Pole || 2.5 | — | ||{Diameter at the
+ Fore Mast || 75.8 | 21.3| 8. ||{Truck.
+ Fore Top-mast || 26.2 | 7.5| ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Mast || 13.1 | 5. | ||
+ Fore Royal Mast || | | ||{Diameter at the
+ Fore Flag Pole || 6. | 2.5| — ||{Truck.
+ Mizen Flag Pole || — | — | — ||{Diameter at the
+ || | | Yard ||Truck.
+ || | | Arm. ||
+ Main Yard || | | ||
+ Main Top-sail Yard || | | ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Yard || | | ||
+ Main Royal Yard || | | ||
+ Fore Yard || 50. | 11.3| 2.6 ||
+ Fore Top-sail Yard || 33.4 | 7.4| 2.6 ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Yard || 22.2 | 4.5| 1. ||
+ Fore Royal Yard || | | ||
+ Sprit-sail Yard || | | ||
+ Bow-sprit || 29.1 | 18. | ||
+ Jib-boom || 37. | 11. | ||
+ Flying Jib-boom || | | ||{Poles to the M’n
+ Pole || | | ||{Gaffs of Brigs,
+ || | | L’gth||{Brigantines and
+ || | | Pole.||{Sch’ners are not
+ Main Gaff || 25. | 8.5| 5. ||{included in the
+ M’n Top-mast Studding- || | | ||{lengths given.
+ sail Boom || | | ||
+ Yard for Main Top-mast || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || | | ||
+ Main Top-gallant || | | ||
+ Studd’g-sail Boom || | | ||
+ Yard for Main Top-gal’t || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || | | ||
+ Fore Gaff || 25. | 8. | ||
+ Lower Swinging Boom || 22. | 4.6| ||
+ Yard for Lower Studding-|| | | ||
+ sail || 11. | 2.6| ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | ||
+ sail Boom || 25. | 5.3| ||
+ Yard for Fore Top-mast || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || 14.2 | 3. | ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t || | | ||
+ Studding-sail Boom || 16.8 | 3.6| ||
+ Yard for Fore Top- || | | ||
+ gall’nt Studd’g-sail || 10.1 | 2.2| ||
+ Spanker Boom || 50. | 11. | ||{Length for Brigs
+ Square-sail Boom || 45. | 9.7| ||{and Schooners gov’d
+ Yard for Square-sail || 22.8 | 5. | ||{by Steeve of
+ Jack Gaff || 9. | 3. | ||{Bowsprit.
+
+
+=A Cordage Table of Feet and Fathoms.=
+
+ =======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
+ =Feet.=|=Fath.=|=Feet.=|=Fath.=|=Feet.=|=Fath.=|=Feet.=|=Fath.=|
+ -------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
+  30 | 5 0 | 155 | 25 5 | 280 | 46 4 | 405 | 67 3 |
+  35 | 5 5 | 160 | 26 4 | 285 | 47 3 | 410 | 68 2 |
+  40 | 6 4 | 165 | 27 3 | 290 | 48 2 | 415 | 69 1 |
+  45 | 7 3 | 170 | 28 2 | 295 | 49 1 | 420 | 70 0 |
+  50 | 8 2 | 175 | 29 1 | 300 | 50 0 | 425 | 70 5 |
+  55 | 9 1 | 180 | 30 0 | 305 | 50 5 | 430 | 71 4 |
+  60 | 10 0 | 185 | 30 5 | 310 | 51 4 | 435 | 72 3 |
+  65 | 10 5 | 190 | 31 4 | 315 | 52 3 | 440 | 73 2 |
+  70 | 11 4 | 195 | 32 3 | 320 | 53 2 | 445 | 74 1 |
+  75 | 12 3 | 200 | 33 2 | 325 | 54 1 | 450 | 75 0 |
+  80 | 13 2 | 205 | 34 1 | 330 | 55 0 | 455 | 75 5 |
+  85 | 14 1 | 210 | 35 0 | 335 | 55 5 | 460 | 76 4 |
+  90 | 15 0 | 215 | 35 5 | 340 | 56 4 | 465 | 77 3 |
+  95 | 15 5 | 220 | 36 4 | 345 | 57 3 | 470 | 78 2 |
+ 100 | 16 4 | 225 | 37 3 | 350 | 58 2 | 475 | 79 1 |
+ 105 | 17 3 | 230 | 38 2 | 355 | 59 1 | 480 | 80 0 |
+ 110 | 18 2 | 235 | 39 1 | 360 | 60 0 | 485 | 80 5 |
+ 115 | 19 1 | 240 | 40 0 | 365 | 60 5 | 490 | 81 4 |
+ 120 | 20 0 | 245 | 40 5 | 370 | 61 4 | 495 | 82 3 |
+ 125 | 20 5 | 250 | 41 4 | 375 | 62 3 | 500 | 83 2 |
+ 130 | 21 4 | 255 | 42 3 | 380 | 63 2 | 505 | 84 1 |
+ 135 | 22 3 | 260 | 43 2 | 385 | 64 1 | 510 | 85 0 |
+ 140 | 23 2 | 265 | 44 1 | 390 | 65 0 | 515 | 85 5 |
+ 145 | 24 1 | 270 | 45 0 | 395 | 65 5 | 520 | 86 4 |
+ 150 | 25 0 | 275 | 45 5 | 400 | 66 4 | 525 | 87 3 |
+ =======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
+
+ +=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======
+ |=Feet.=|=Fath.=|=Feet.=|=Fath.=|=Feet.=|=Fath.=
+ +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------
+ | 530 | 88 2 | 655 | 109 1 | 780 | 130 0
+ | 535 | 89 1 | 660 | 110 0 | 785 | 130 5
+ | 540 | 90 0 | 665 | 110 5 | 790 | 131 4
+ | 545 | 90 5 | 670 | 111 4 | 795 | 132 3
+ | 550 | 91 4 | 675 | 112 3 | 800 | 133 2
+ | 555 | 92 3 | 680 | 113 2 | 805 | 134 1
+ | 560 | 93 2 | 685 | 114 1 | 810 | 135 0
+ | 565 | 94 1 | 690 | 115 0 | 815 | 135 5
+ | 570 | 95 0 | 695 | 115 5 | 820 | 136 4
+ | 575 | 95 5 | 700 | 116 4 | 825 | 137 3
+ | 580 | 96 4 | 705 | 117 3 | 830 | 138 2
+ | 585 | 97 3 | 710 | 118 2 | 835 | 139 1
+ | 590 | 98 2 | 715 | 119 1 | 840 | 140 0
+ | 595 | 99 1 | 720 | 120 0 | 845 | 140 5
+ | 600 | 100 0 | 725 | 120 5 | 850 | 141 4
+ | 605 | 100 5 | 730 | 121 4 | 855 | 142 3
+ | 610 | 101 4 | 735 | 122 3 | 860 | 143 2
+ | 615 | 102 3 | 740 | 123 2 | 865 | 144 1
+ | 620 | 103 2 | 745 | 124 1 | 870 | 145 0
+ | 625 | 104 1 | 750 | 125 0 | 875 | 145 5
+ | 630 | 105 0 | 755 | 125 5 | 880 | 146 4
+ | 635 | 105 5 | 760 | 126 4 | 885 | 147 3
+ | 640 | 106 4 | 765 | 127 3 | 890 | 148 2
+ | 645 | 107 3 | 770 | 128 2 | 895 | 149 1
+ | 650 | 108 2 | 775 | 129 1 | 900 | 150 0
+ +=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======
+
+
+_Weight of Cables of 120 fathoms from 3 to 25 inches._
+
+Three inch cable weighs 252 pounds; 3¹⁄₂ inch, 336 pounds; 4, 448;
+4¹⁄₂, 560; 5, 700; 5¹⁄₂, 840; 6, 1008; 6¹⁄₂, 1176; 7, 1340; 7¹⁄₂, 1568;
+8, 1792; 8¹⁄₂, 2016; 9, 2268; 9¹⁄₂, 2520; 10, 2800; 10¹⁄₂, 3080; 11,
+3388; 11¹⁄₂, 3696; 12, 4032; 12¹⁄₂, 4368; 13, 4732; 13¹⁄₂, 5056; 14,
+5480; 14¹⁄₂, 5880; 15, 6328; 15¹⁄₂, 6720; 16, 7168; 16¹⁄₂, 7616; 17,
+8092; 17¹⁄₂, 8568; 18, 9072; 18¹⁄₂, 9520; 19, 10108; 19¹⁄₂, 10640; 20,
+11200; 20¹⁄₂, 11760; 21, 12348; 21¹⁄₂, 12936; 22, 13452; 22¹⁄₂, 14168;
+23, 14840; 23¹⁄₂, 15456; 24, 16128; 25, 17500.
+
+
+=518.--A Table showing the Dimensions of Materials, used in
+constructing Tops, Trestle-trees, Cross-trees, and Caps, U. S. N.=
+
+ ===================++=================================================++
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++------------------------+------------------------++
+ || FORE AND MAIN TOP. | MIZEN TOP. ||
+ ++--------+-------+-------+--------+-------+-------++
+ || | Thick-|Tapered| | Thick-|Tapered||
+ =Dimensions ||Breadth,| ness, | to |Breadth,| ness, | to ||
+ of Tops.= || Inches.|Inches.|Inches.| Inches.|Inches.|Inches.||
+ -------------------++--------+-------+-------+--------+-------+-------++
+ Plank in two thick-|| | | | | | ||
+ nesses (if White || | | | | | ||
+ Pine) || — | 1¹⁄₂ | — | — | 1¹⁄₅ | — ||
+ Plank in two thick-|| | | | | | ||
+ nesses (if Yellow || | | | | | ||
+ Pine) || — | 1¹⁄₄ | — | — | 1 | — ||
+ Rim of White Oak || 13 | 2¹⁄₂ | — | 10 | 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Lubber-board of || | | | | | ||
+ White Oak || 9 | 3 | — | 8 | 2¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Battons of White || | | | | | ||
+ Oak || 3¹⁄₂ | 3¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂ | 3 | 2³⁄₄ | 2 ||
+ Iron Plates || 5 | ¹⁄₂ | — | 4¹⁄₂ | ⁷⁄₁₆ | — ||
+ Upper Cross-trees || — | 6¹⁄₄ | 4 | — | 5 | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+
+ ===================++=================================================++
+ || =Frigates.= ||
+ ++------------------------+------------------------++
+ || FORE AND MAIN TOP. | MIZEN TOP. ||
+ ++--------+-------+-------+--------+-------+-------++
+ || | Thick-|Tapered| | Thick-|Tapered||
+ =Dimensions ||Breadth,| ness, | to |Breadth,| ness, | to ||
+ of Tops.= || Inches.|Inches.|Inches.| Inches.|Inches.|Inches.||
+ -------------------++--------+-------+-------+--------+-------+-------++
+ Plank in two thick-|| | | | | | ||
+ nesses (if White || | | | | | ||
+ Pine) || — | 1¹⁄₄ | — | — | 1 | — ||
+ Plank in two thick-|| | | | | | ||
+ nesses (if Yellow || | | | | | ||
+ Pine) || — | 1¹⁄₈ | — | — | ⁷⁄₈ | — ||
+ Rim of White Oak || 11 | 2 | — | 8 | 1¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Lubber-board of || | | | | | ||
+ White Oak || 8 | 2³⁄₄ | — | 7 | 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Battons of White || | | | | | ||
+ Oak || 3 | 3 | 2 | 2¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂ | 1¹⁄₂ ||
+ Iron Plates || 4¹⁄₂ | ⁷⁄₁₆ | — | 4 | ³⁄₈ | — ||
+ Upper Cross-trees || — | 5¹⁄₂ | 3¹⁄₂ | — | 4 | 3 ||
+
+ ===================++=================================================++
+ || =Sloops.= ||
+ ++------------------------+------------------------++
+ || FORE AND MAIN TOP. | MIZEN TOP. ||
+ ++--------+-------+-------+--------+-------+-------++
+ || | Thick-|Tapered| | Thick-|Tapered||
+ =Dimensions ||Breadth,| ness, | to |Breadth,| ness, | to ||
+ of Tops.= || Inches.|Inches.|Inches.| Inches.|Inches.|Inches.||
+ -------------------++--------+-------+-------+--------+-------+-------++
+ Plank in two thick-|| | | | | | ||
+ nesses (if White || | | | | | ||
+ Pine) || — | 1 | — | — | ⁷⁄₈ | — ||
+ Plank in two thick-|| | | | | | ||
+ nesses (if Yellow || | | | | | ||
+ Pine) || — | ⁷⁄₈ | — | — | ³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Rim of White Oak || 9 | 1¹⁄₂ | — | 6 | 1 | — ||
+ Lubber-board of || | | | | | ||
+ White Oak || 7 | 2 | — | 5 | 1¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Battons of White || | | | | | ||
+ Oak || 2¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂ | 1¹⁄₂ | 2 | 2 | 1¹⁄₄ ||
+ Iron Plates || 4 | ³⁄₈ | — | 3¹⁄₂ | ⁵⁄₁₆ | — ||
+ Upper Cross-trees || — | 4¹⁄₂ | 3 | — | 3¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂ ||
+
+ ===================++========================
+ || =Brigs.=
+ ++------------------------
+ || FORE AND MAIN TOP.
+ ++--------+-------+-------
+ || | Thick-|Tapered
+ =Dimensions ||Breadth,| ness, | to
+ of Tops.= || Inches.|Inches.|Inches.
+ -------------------++--------+-------+-------
+ Plank in two thick-|| | |
+ nesses (if White || | |
+ Pine) || — | ⁷⁄₈ | —
+ Plank in two thick-|| | |
+ nesses (if Yellow || | |
+ Pine) || — | ³⁄₄ | —
+ Rim of White Oak || 7 | 1¹⁄₄ | —
+ Lubber-board of || | |
+ White Oak || 6 | 1³⁄₄ | —
+ Battons of White || | |
+ Oak || 2 | 2 | 1¹⁄₄
+ Iron Plates || 3¹⁄₂ | ⁵⁄₁₆ | —
+ Upper Cross-trees || — | 4 | 2¹⁄₂
+
+ NOTE.--The Breadth of Upper Cross-trees, same as lower.
+
+ NOTE.--These Cross-trees to be fayed down over the Battons, and
+ secured to the Lower Cross-trees by bolts at each end, and by four
+ Staples and Toggles, so that they may be readily removed when it is
+ necessary to lift the top. The Strap and Eye-bolts for the lower lifts
+ to be placed on the caps, abreast of the middle of the Top-mast hole.
+
+
+PROPORTIONS FOR TOPS, TRESTLE-TREES, CROSS-TREES AND CAPS.
+
+ MAIN TOP.--_Breadth._ One-half the moulded breadth of beam.
+
+ FORE TOP.--Nine-tenths of Main Top.
+
+ MIZEN TOP.--Four-fifths of Fore Top.
+
+ All Tops must be in length two-thirds of their breadth, and must be
+ made light, with upper Cross-trees upon the Top over the lower ones,
+ fayed down on the Battons and keyed together.
+
+ LOWER TRESTLE-TREES.--_Length._ The length of their respective Tops.
+ _Depth._ Three-fifths of their respective masts
+ at the partners.
+ _Breadth or Thickness._ One-half their depth.
+
+ LOWER CROSS-TREES.--_Length._ Breadth of their respective Tops.
+ _Breadth._ Breadth of their respective
+ Trestle-trees.
+ _Depth or Thickness._ Two-thirds of their breadth.
+
+ TOPMAST TRESTLE-TREES.--_Length._ To be governed by the Cross-trees
+ and Chocks.
+ _Breadth._ Seven-twelfths of Lower
+ Trestle-trees of their respective masts.
+ _Depth._ Seven-twelfths of Lower Trestle-trees
+ of their respective masts.
+
+ TOPMAST CROSS-TREES.--_Length after Horn._ Four-sixths of the Lower
+ After Cross-trees of their respective masts.
+ _Length forward Horn._ Five-sixths of after one.
+ _Breadth._ Breadth of their respective
+ Trestle-trees.
+ _Depth or Thickness._ Four-fifths of Breadth.
+ The Horns to sweep nine inches in sixteen feet.
+
+ BOWSPRIT CAP.--_Length._ Four times the diameter of the Jib-boom.
+ _Breadth._ One diameter and a-half of the Jib-boom.
+ _Thickness._ One-half the Breadth.
+
+ LOWER CAP.--_Length._ Four times the diameter of the Top-mast.
+ _Breadth._ One diameter and four-sixths of the Top-mast.
+ _Thickness._ One-half the Breadth.
+
+ TOPMAST CAP.--_Length._ To be governed by the Cross-trees, Chocks, and
+ Masts.
+ _Breadth._ One diameter and four-sixteenths of the
+ Top-gallant Mast.
+ _Thickness._ One-half the Breadth.
+
+
+=519.--A Table showing the Complement and Quality of Boats allowed to
+each Class of Vessels, U. S. N.=
+
+ ==============++========================
+ || =Ships of the Line.=
+ ++-----------------------+
+ || |
+ || +
+ =Names || THREE DECKS. |
+ of ++-------+------+--------+
+ Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.|
+ --------------++-------+------+--------+
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. |
+ 1st Launch || 40. | 4.6 | 10.8 |
+ 2d Launch || 40. | 4.6 | 10.8 |
+ 1st Cutter || 36. | 3.6 | 9.6 |
+ 2d Cutter || 36. | 3.6 | 9.6 |
+ 3d Cutter || 33. | 3.2 | 8.5 |
+ 4th Cutter || 33. | 3.2 | 8.5 |
+ 5th Cutter || 30. | 2.7 | 7.6 |
+ 6th Cutter || 30. | 2.7 | 7.6 |
+ 1st Whale-boat|| 30. | 2.9 | 7.8 |
+ 2d Whale-boat || 30. | 2.9 | 7.8 |
+ Barge || 38. | 2.8 | 7.2 |
+ Gig || 38. | 2. | 5.6 |
+
+ ==============++===============================================++
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++-----------------------------------------------++
+ || TWO DECKS. ||
+ ||-----------------------+-----------------------++
+ =Names || First Class. | Second Class. ||
+ of ++-------+------+--------+-------+------+--------++
+ Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.|Length.|Depth.|Breadth.||
+ --------------++-------+------+--------+-------+------+--------++
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. | Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. ||
+ 1st Launch || 38. | 4.5 | 10.1 | 36. | 4.4 | 9.7 ||
+ 2d Launch || 38. | 4.5 | 10.1 | 36. | 4.4 | 9.7 ||
+ 1st Cutter || 34. | 3.5 | 9. | 33. | 3.2 | 8.9 ||
+ 2d Cutter || 34. | 3.5 | 9. | 33. | 3.2 | 8.9 ||
+ 3d Cutter || 28. | 2.6 | 7. | 28. | 2.6 | 7. ||
+ 4th Cutter || 28. | 2.6 | 7. | 28. | 2.6 | 7. ||
+ 5th Cutter || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ 6th Cutter || | | | | | ||
+ 1st Whale-boat|| 29. | 2.8 | 7.5 | 29. | 2.8 | 7.5 ||
+ 2d Whale-boat || 29. | 2.8 | 7.5 | 29. | 2.8 | 7.5 ||
+ Barge || 35.6 | 2.7 | 6.9 | 34. | 2.6 | 6.6 ||
+ Gig || 36. | 1.11 | 5.4 | 34. | 1.10 | 5.2 ||
+
+ ==============++=======================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ++
+ || ||
+ || ||
+ =Names || =Razees.= ||
+ of ++-------+------+--------++
+ Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.||
+ --------------++-------+------+--------++
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. ||
+ 1st Launch || 36. | 4.4 | 10.1 ||
+ 2d Launch || 33. | 4. | 9. ||
+ 1st Cutter || 30. | 3. | 7.11 ||
+ 2d Cutter || 27.6 | 2.9 | 7.2 ||
+ 3d Cutter || 27. | 2.6 | 6.9 ||
+ 4th Cutter || — | — | — ||
+ 5th Cutter || — | — | — ||
+ 6th Cutter || | | ||
+ 1st Whale-boat|| 28. | 2.5 | 7.2 ||
+ 2d Whale-boat || | | ||
+ Barge || 34. | 2.6 | 6.6 ||
+ Gig || 34. | 1.10 | 5.2 ||
+
+ ==============++===============================================++
+ || =Frigates.= ||
+ ++-----------------------+-----------------------++
+ || | ||
+ || | ||
+ =Names || First Class. | Second Class. ||
+ of ++-------+------+--------+-------+------+--------++
+ Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.|Length.|Depth.|Breadth.||
+ --------------++-------+------+--------+-------+------+--------++
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. | Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. ||
+ 1st Launch || 34. | 4.2 | 9.6 | 32. | 4. | 9. ||
+ 2d Launch || 31. | 3.10 | 8.5 | 29. | 3.7 | 7.10 ||
+ 1st Cutter || 28. | 2.10 | 7.5 | 26.6 | 2.8 | 7. ||
+ 2d Cutter || 25.6 | 2.7 | 6.8 | 24. | 2.4 | 6.3 ||
+ 3d Cutter || 27. | 2.6 | 6.9 | — | — | — ||
+ 4th Cutter || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ 5th Cutter || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ 6th Cutter || | | | | | ||
+ 1st Whale-boat|| 28. | 2.5 | 7.2 | 28. | 2.5 | 7.2 ||
+ 2d Whale-boat || | | | | | ||
+ Barge || 28. | 2.4 | 6. | 28. | 2.4 | 6. ||
+ Gig || 28. | 1.8 | 5. | 28. | 1.8 | 5. ||
+
+ ==============++=======================
+ || =Sloops.=
+ ++-----------------------
+ ||
+ ||
+ =Names || First Class.
+ of ++-------+------+--------
+ Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.
+ --------------++-------+------+--------
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In.
+ 1st Launch || 30. | 3.10 | 8.5
+ 2d Launch || — | — | —
+ 1st Cutter || 27.6 | 2.10 | 7.5
+ 2d Cutter || 25. | 2.6 | 6.8
+ 3d Cutter || 26. | 2.4 | 6.6
+ 4th Cutter || 26. | 2.4 | 6.6
+ 5th Cutter || 25. | 2.3 | 6.
+ 6th Cutter || | |
+ 1st Whale-boat|| | |
+ 2d Whale-boat || | |
+ Barge || | |
+ Gig || | |
+
+ All boat’s bottoms are to be boarded with cypress and to be
+ copper-fastened; their stem and stern plates are also to be made of
+ copper.
+
+ Gigs, Barges, Waist and Quarter-boats are to have copper knees.
+
+ Launches, First and Second Cutters, for three-deck ships, are to be
+ fitted without knees; the clamps are to be made sufficiently strong
+ for the athwart bolts to pass through them and forelock; the ends of
+ the athwarts are to be fitted with iron plates.
+
+ Launches and First Cutters for Ships of the Line of two decks,
+ Razees, Frigates, and first-class Sloops of War, and Launches for
+ second and third class Sloops, Steamers, Brigs and Brigantines, are
+ to be fitted as the Launches for three-deck ships.
+
+ All Launches are to be coppered.
+
+ Barges, Gigs, Whale-boats and Cutters are to be fitted with
+ composition row-locks.
+
+ Schooners’ Launches will be of the size allowed to Brigs, when the
+ breadth of beam and deck arrangements will permit.
+
+ ==============++===============================================++
+ || =Sloops.= ||
+ ++-----------------------+-----------------------++
+ || Second Class. | Third Class. ||
+ =Names ++-------+------+--------+-------+------+--------++
+ of Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.|Length.|Depth.|Breadth.||
+ --------------++-------+------+--------+-------+------+--------++
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. | Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. ||
+ 1st Launch || 29. | 3.8 | 8.3 | 26. | 3.4 | 7.4 ||
+ 2d Launch || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ 1st Cutter || 26.6 | 2.9 | 7.2 | 24. | 2.8 | 6.6 ||
+ 2d Cutter || 26. | 2.4 | 6.6 | 25. | 2.3 | 6. ||
+ 3d Cutter || 26. | 2.4 | 6.6 | 25. | 2.3 | 6. ||
+ 4th Cutter || 25. | 2.2 | 6. | 24. | 2.2 | 5.10 ||
+ 1st Whale-boat|| — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Gig || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+
+ ==============++=======================++=======================++
+ || || ||
+ ++ || ||
+ || =Brigs.= || =Brigantines.= ||
+ =Names ++-------+------+--------++-------+------+--------++
+ of Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.||
+ --------------++-------+------+--------++-------+------+--------++
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. ||
+ 1st Launch || 24. | 3. | 6.10 || 24. | 3. | 6.10 ||
+ 2d Launch || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ 1st Cutter || 22. | 2.6 | 6. || 22. | 2.6 | 6. ||
+ 2d Cutter || 22. | 2.2 | 5.6 || 22. | 2.1 | 5.6 ||
+ 3d Cutter || 22. | 2.2 | 5.6 || 22. | 2.1 | 5.6 ||
+ 4th Cutter || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ 1st Whale-boat|| — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Gig || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+
+ ==============++=======================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ++
+ || =Schooners.= ||
+ =Names ++-------+------+--------++
+ of Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.||
+ --------------++-------+------+--------++
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. ||
+ 1st Launch || — | — | — ||
+ 2d Launch || — | — | — ||
+ 1st Cutter || 22. | 2.6 | 6. ||
+ 2d Cutter || 22. | 1.11 | 5.3 ||
+ 3d Cutter || 22. | 1.11 | 5.3 ||
+ 4th Cutter || — | — | — ||
+ 1st Whale-boat|| — | — | — ||
+ Gig || — | — | — ||
+
+ ==============++===============================================
+ || =Steamers.=
+ ++-----------------------+-----------------------
+ || First Class. | Second Class.
+ =Names ++-------+------+--------+-------+------+--------
+ of Boats.= ||Length.|Depth.|Breadth.|Length.|Depth.|Breadth.
+ --------------++-------+------+--------+-------+------+--------
+ || Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In. | Ft.In.|Ft.In.| Ft.In.
+ 1st Launch || 34. | 4.1 | 9.6 | 30. | 3.10 | 8.5
+ 2d Launch || 31. | 3.10 | 8.5 | | |
+ 1st Cutter || 30. | 2.7 | 7.6 | 27.6 | 2.10 | 7.5
+ 2d Cutter || 27. | 2.6 | 6.9 | 26. | 2.4 | 6.3
+ 3d Cutter || 27. | 2.6 | 6.9 | 26. | 2.4 | 6.3
+ 4th Cutter || — | — | — | 25. | 2.3 | 6.
+ 1st Whale-boat|| 29. | 2.8 | 7.5 | | |
+ Gig || 32. | 1.9 | 5.1 | | |
+
+ Second class Steamers’ Launches and First Cutters will be of the size
+ allowed to second class Sloops of War, when these will stow to better
+ advantage than those designated.
+
+ In fitting the dead wood and aprons of boats that stow in nests,
+ boat-builders will see that no unnecessary wood is used about them,
+ and that the keels are reduced forward and aft, to make the bottom of
+ keel convex, so that the boats may be stowed as low as possible.
+
+ All boats are to have two ring-bolts through their stem and stern
+ posts; the lower bolts to be from nine to twelve inches below the
+ upper ones, with an oblong ring to be of the same height as the upper
+ ones when they are both turned up; and all Launches are to be fitted
+ with a ring-bolt one-fifth from each end, and another amid-ships down
+ through the keel, to be well clinched on the outside.
+
+ Rollers forward and aft in all First Launches, are to be of length
+ sufficient to take the chain of their respective ships; the rollers
+ of Second Launches are to be five inches in length.
+
+ The timbers of Second Launches are to be one-third larger than those
+ of First Cutters of the old class, and the rest of the materials are
+ to be in like proportion to make a light Launch.
+
+ All Launches are to be fitted with wells and self-fleeting windlasses
+ amid-ships, for weighing anchors.
+
+ All Whale-boats are to be lap-streaked, or clinker-built.
+
+
+=520.--A Table showing the Weight, Size, Length, and Quantity of
+Anchors, Cables, Hawsers, &c., &c., allowed to the different Classes of
+Vessels, U. S. N.=
+
+ =============++===============================================++
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++---------------+-------------------------------++
+ || | TWO DECKS. ||
+ || +---------------+---------------++
+ || THREE DECKS. | First Class. | Second Class. ||
+ =Names ++---+-----------+---+-----------+---+-----------++
+ Articles.= ||No.| Weight. |No.| Weight. |No.| Weight. ||
+ -------------++---+-----------+---+-----------+---+-----------++
+ ANCHORS, &c. || | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2 | 10,000| 2 | 9,000| 2 | 8,500||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Bowers || 2 |} | 2 |} | 2 |} ||
+ || |} 10,000| |} 9,000| |} 8,500||
+ Spare || 1 |} | 1 |} | 1 |} ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Stream || 1 | 3,000| 1 | 2,800| 1 | 2,400||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ || |{1 of 1,400| |{1 of 1,200| |{1 of 1,100||
+ || |{1 of 1,300| |{1 of   900| |{1 of   900||
+ Kedges || 5 |{1 of 1,100| 4 |{1 of   700| 4 |{1 of   700||
+ || |{1 of   900| |{1 of   500| |{1 of   500||
+ || |{1 of   700| |{ | |{ ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ BOAT ANCHORS.|| | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ 1st Launch || 1 | 300| 1 | 220| 1 | 200||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ 2d Launch || 1 | 200| 1 | 180| 1 | 160||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ 1st Cutter || 1 | 150| 1 | 100| 1 | 100||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ 2d Cutter || 1 | 100| 1 | 100| 1 | 80||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ 3d Cutter || 1 | 75| 1 | 70| 1 | 60||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ 4th Cutter || 1 | 50| 1 | 50| 1 | ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Grapnels || 2 |{1 of   150| 2 |{1 of   150| 2 |{1 of   150||
+ || |{1 of    80| |{1 of    80| |{1 of    80||
+
+ =============++===============++
+ || ||
+ ++ ++
+ || ||
+ ++ ||
+ || =Razees.= ||
+ =Names ++---+-----------++
+ Articles.= ||No.| Weight. ||
+ -------------++---+-----------++
+ ANCHORS, &c. || | ||
+ Sheets || 2 | 8,000||
+ || | ||
+ Bowers || 2 |} ||
+ || |} 8,000||
+ Spare || 1 |} ||
+ || | ||
+ Stream || 1 | 2,000||
+ || | ||
+ || |{1 of 1,000||
+ || |{1 of   800||
+ Kedges || 4 |{1 of   600||
+ || |{1 of   500||
+ || |{ ||
+ || | ||
+ BOAT ANCHORS.|| | ||
+ || | ||
+ 1st Launch || 1 | 200||
+ || | ||
+ 2d Launch || 1 | 150||
+ || | ||
+ 1st Cutter || 1 | 100||
+ || | ||
+ 2d Cutter || 1 | 80||
+ || | ||
+ 3d Cutter || | ||
+ || | ||
+ 4th Cutter || | ||
+ || | ||
+ Grapnels || 2 |{1 of   150||
+ || |{1 of    80||
+
+ =============++===========================++=============
+ || =Frigates.= || =Sloops.=
+ ++-------------+-------------++-------------
+ || | ||
+ || | ||
+ || First Class.|Second Class.|| First Class.
+ =Names ++---+---------+---+---------++---+---------
+ Articles.= ||No.| Weight. |No.| Weight. ||No.| Weight.
+ -------------++---+---------+---+---------++---+---------
+ ANCHORS, &c. || | | | || |
+ Sheets || 2 | 7,000| 2 | 5,500|| 2 | 3,800
+ || | | | || |
+ Bowers || 2 |} | 2 |} || 2 |}
+ || |} 7,000| |} 5,500|| |} 3,800
+ Spare || 1 |} | 1 |} || — |}1 —
+ || | | | || |
+ Stream || 1 | 1,600| 1 | 1,300|| 1 | 1,000
+ || | | | || |
+ || |{1 of 900| |{1 of 800|| |{
+ || |{1 of 700| |{1 of 700|| |{1 of 600
+ Kedges || 4 |{1 of 600| 4 |{1 of 600|| 3 |{1 of 450
+ || |{1 of 400| |{1 of 400|| |{1 of 300
+ || |{ | |{ || |{
+ || | | | || |
+ BOAT ANCHORS.|| | | | || |
+ || | | | || |
+ 1st Launch || 1 | 180| 1 | 150|| 1 | 130
+ || | | | || |
+ 2d Launch || 1 | 120| 1 | 100|| 1 | 80
+ || | | | || |
+ 1st Cutter || 1 | 80| 1 | 60|| 1 | 50
+ || | | | || |
+ 2d Cutter || 1 | 60| 1 | 50|| |
+ || | | | || |
+ 3d Cutter || | | | || |
+ || | | | || |
+ 4th Cutter || | | | || |
+ || | | | || |
+ Grapnels || 2 |{1 of 100| 2 |{1 of 100|| 2 |{1 of  80
+ || |{1 of  60| |{1 of  50|| |{1 of  40
+
+ ==============++=====================================================++
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++-----------------+-----------------------------------++
+ || | TWO DECKS. ||
+ || +-----------------+-----------------++
+ || THREE DECKS. | First Class. | Second Class. ||
+ ++---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------++
+ =Names || | | Fa- | | | Fa- | | | Fa- ||
+ of || | | thoms | | | thoms | | | thoms ||
+ Articles.= ||No.|Inch.| each. |No.|Inch.| each. |No.|Inch.| each. ||
+ --------------++---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------++
+ CABLES. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets (hemp) || 2 |25 | 120 | 2 |24 | 120 | 2 |23 | 120 ||
+ Sheets (chain)|| 1 | 2¹⁄₄| 180 | 1 | 2¹⁄₄| 180 | 1 | 2¹⁄₈| 180 ||
+ Bowers (chain)|| 2 | 2¹⁄₄| 180 | 2 | 2¹⁄₄| 180 | 2 | 2¹⁄₈| 180 ||
+ Stream (hemp) || 1 |16 | 120 | 1 |15 | 120 | 1 |14 | 120 ||
+ || | +-------+ | +-------+ | +-------++
+ || |{2 of  7 in. | |{2 of  6 in. | |{2 of  6 in. ||
+ Hawsers (hemp)|| 6 |{2 of  9 in. | 6 |{2 of  8 in. | 6 |{2 of  8 in. ||
+ || |{2 of 11 in. | |{2 of 10 in. | |{2 of 10 in. ||
+ Messengers || | | | | | ||
+ (hemp) || 1 |16 inches. | 1 |15 inches. | 1 |14 inches. ||
+ Towlines || 5 |5 inch. each.| 4 |5 inch. each.| 4 |5 inch. each.||
+ (Manilla) || | | | | | ||
+ Chain for || 1 |³⁄₈ in. 50 | 1 |³⁄₈ in. 50 | 1 |⁵⁄₁₆ in. 50 ||
+ Launch || |fath. | |fath. | |fa. ||
+
+ ==============++=================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ++
+ || ||
+ || ||
+ || =Razees.= ||
+ ++---+-----+-------++
+ =Names || | | Fa- ||
+ of || | | thoms ||
+ Articles.= ||No.|Inch.| each. ||
+ --------------++---+-----+-------++
+ CABLES. || | | ||
+ Sheets (hemp) || 2 |22¹⁄₂| 120 ||
+ Sheets (chain)|| 1 | 2¹⁄₈| 165 ||
+ Bowers (chain)|| 2 | 2¹⁄₈| 165 ||
+ Stream (hemp) || 1 |13 | 120 ||
+ || | +-------++
+ || |{2 of  6 in. ||
+ Hawsers (hemp)|| 6 |{2 of  8 in. ||
+ || |{2 of 10 in. ||
+ Messengers || | ||
+ (hemp) || 1 |13¹⁄₂ inches.||
+ Towlines || 4 |5 inch. each.||
+ (Manilla) || | ||
+ Chain for || 1 |⁵⁄₁₆ in. 50 ||
+ Launch || |fa. ||
+
+ ==============++====================================++==================
+ || =Frigates.= || =Sloops.=
+ ++-----------------+------------------++------------------
+ || | ||
+ || | ||
+ || First Class. | Second Class. || First Class.
+ ++---+-------+-----+---+-------+------++---+-------+------
+ =Names || | | Fa- | | | Fa- || | | Fa-
+ of || | |thoms| | | thoms|| | |thoms
+ Articles.= ||No.| Inch. |each.|No.| Inch. | each.||No.| Inch. |each.
+ --------------++---+-------+-----+---+-------+------++---+-------+------
+ CABLES. || | | | | | || | |
+ Sheets (hemp) || 1 |22 | 120 | 1 |21 | 120 || 1 |17 | 120
+ Sheets (chain)|| 1 | 1¹⁵⁄₁₆| 165 | 1 |1¹³⁄₁₆ | 165 || 1 |1¹¹⁄₁₆ | 150
+ Bowers (chain)|| 2 | 1¹⁵⁄₁₆| 165 | 2 |1¹³⁄₁₆ | 165 || 2 |1¹¹⁄₁₆ | 150
+ Stream (hemp) || 1 |13¹⁄₂ | 120 | 1 |12 | 120 || 1 |11 | 120
+ || | +-----+ | +------++ | +------
+ || |{1 of 6 in. | |{2 of 6 in. || |{2 of 6 in.
+ Hawsers (hemp)|| 5 |{2 of 7 in. | 5 |{2 of 8 in. || 4 |{1 of 7 in.
+ || |{2 of 9 in. | |{1 of 9 in. || |{1 of 8 in.
+ Messengers || | | | || |
+ (hemp) || 1 | 13 inches. | 1 |12 inches. || 1 |11 inches.
+ Towlines || 3 |{1 of 4 in. | 2 |{1 of 4¹⁄₂ in.|| 2 |{1 of 4 in.
+ (Manilla) || |{2 of 5 in. | |{1 of 4 in. || |{1 of 4¹⁄₂ in.
+ Chain for || 1 |⁵⁄₁₆ in. 45 | 1 |¹⁄₄ in. 45 fa.|| 1 |¹⁄₄ in. 40 fa.
+ Launch || |f. | | || |
+
+ =============++===========================++=============++
+ || =Sloops.= || ||
+ ++-------------+-------------++ ||
+ =Names ||Second Class.| Third Class.|| =Brigs.= ||
+ of ++---+---------+---+---------++---+---------++
+ Articles.= ||No.| Weight. |No.| Weight. ||No.| Weight. ||
+ -------------++---+---------+---+---------++---+---------++
+ ANCHORS, &c. || | | | || | ||
+ Sheets || 2 | 3,300| 2 | 2,800|| 1 | 1,500||
+ Bowers || 2 | 3,300| 2 | 2,800|| 2 | 1,500||
+ Stream || 1 | 900| 1 | 800|| 1 | 600||
+ Kedges || 3 |{1 of 500| 3 |{1 of 500|| 2 |{1 of 500||
+ || |{1 of 400| |{1 of 400|| |{1 of 300||
+ || |{1 of 300| |{1 of 300|| | ||
+ BOAT ANCHORS.|| | | | || | ||
+ 1st Launch || 1 | 100| 1 | 90|| 1 | 80||
+ 2d Launch || 1 | 60| 1 | 50|| 1 | 40||
+ 1st Cutter || 1 | 40| 1 | 40|| — | — ||
+ 2d Cutter || — | — | — | — || — | — ||
+ Grapnels || 2 | {1 of 60| 2 | {1 of 60|| 2 | {1 of 50||
+ || | {1 of 40| | {1 of 30|| | {1 of 20||
+
+ =============++=============++=============++
+ || || ||
+ ++ =Brig- || ++
+ =Names || antines.= || =Schooners.=||
+ of ++---+---------++---+---------++
+ Articles.= ||No.| Weight. ||No.| Weight. ||
+ -------------++---+---------++---+---------++
+ ANCHORS, &c. || | || | ||
+ Sheets || 1 | 1,400|| 1 | 1,400||
+ Bowers || 2 | 1,400|| 2 | 1,400||
+ Stream || 1 | 500|| 1 | 500||
+ Kedges || 2 |{1 of 450|| 2 |{1 of 400||
+ || |{1 of 300|| |{1 of 250||
+ || | || | ||
+ BOAT ANCHORS.|| | || | ||
+ 1st Launch || 1 | 80|| 1 | 80||
+ 2d Launch || 1 | 40|| 1 | 40||
+ 1st Cutter || — | — || — | — ||
+ 2d Cutter || — | — || — | — ||
+ Grapnels || 2 | {1 of 50|| 2 | {1 of 50||
+ || | {1 of 20|| | {1 of 20||
+
+ =============++===========================++=========================
+ || =Steamers.= ||
+ ++-------------+-------------++-------------------------
+ =Names || First Class.|Second Class.||
+ of ++---+---------+---+---------++-------------------------
+ Articles.= ||No.| Weight. |No.| Weight. ||=Remarks.=
+ -------------++---+---------+---+---------++-------------------------
+ ANCHORS, &c. || | | | ||
+ Sheets || 1 | 5,500| 1 | 3,800||
+ Bowers || 2 | 5,500| 2 | 3,800||{Waist anchors for all
+ Stream || 1 | 1,600| 1 | 1,000||{classes of Sloops of
+ Kedges || 3 |{1 of 800| 3 |{1 of 600||{War, and all anchors for
+ || |{1 of 600| |{1 of 400||{vessels up to a Brig,
+ || |{1 of 400| |{1 of 300||{inclusive, together with
+ BOAT ANCHORS.|| | | | ||{all stream anchors and
+ 1st Launch || 1 | 150| 1 | 130||{kedges, are to be
+ 2d Launch || 1 | 100| 1 | 80||{iron-stocked.
+ 1st Cutter || 1 | 60| 1 | 50||
+ 2d Cutter || 1 | 50| — | — ||
+ Grapnels || 2 |{1 of 100| 2 | {1 of 80||
+ || |{1 of  50| | {1 of 40||
+
+ ==============++==================================++===============++
+ || =Sloops.= || ||
+ ++-----------------+----------------++ ||
+ || Second Class. | Third Class. || =Brigs.= ||
+ ++---+-------+-----+---+------+-----++---------------++
+ =Names || | | Fa- | | | Fa- || | | Fa- ||
+ of || | |thoms| | |thoms|| | |thoms||
+ Articles.= ||No.| Inch. |each.|No.| Inch.|each.||No.|Inch.|each.||
+ --------------++---+-------+-----+---+------+-----++---+-----+-----++
+ CABLES. || | | | | | || | | ||
+ Sheets (hemp) || 1 |16 | 120 | 1 |15 | 120 || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets (chain)|| 1 | 1¹⁰⁄₁₆| 120 | 1 | 1⁸⁄₁₆| 120 || 1 |1⁴⁄₁₆| 105 ||
+ Bowers (chain)|| 2 | 1¹⁰⁄₁₆| 150 | 2 | 1⁸⁄₁₆| 150 || 2 |1⁴⁄₁₆| 120 ||
+ Stream (hemp) || 1 |10 | 120 | 1 | 9 | 120 || 1 |8 | 120 ||
+ || | +-----+ | +-----++ | +-----++
+ || | {1 of 5 in| | {1 of 5 in|| 2 | {1 of 5 in||
+ Hawsers (hemp)|| 3 | {1 of 6 in| 3 | {1 of 6 in|| | {1 of 6 in||
+ || | {1 of 7 in| | {1 of 7 in|| | ||
+ Messengers || | | | || | ||
+ (h’mp) || 1 | 10 inches.| 1 | 9 inches.|| — | — ||
+ Towlines || | | | || | ||
+ (Manilla) || 2 | {1 of 4¹⁄₂| 2 | {1 of 4¹⁄₂|| 2 |4 in. each.||
+ || | {1 of 4 in| | {1 of 4 in|| | ||
+ Chain for || | | | || | ||
+ Launch || 1 |¹⁄₄ in. 40 | 1 |³⁄₁₆ in. 40 || 1 |³⁄₁₆ in. 35||
+ || |fa. | 1 |f. || 1 |f. ||
+
+ ==============++===============++================++
+ || || ||
+ ++ || ++
+ || =Brigantines.=|| =Schooners.= ||
+ ++---+-----+-----++---+-----+------++
+ =Names || | | Fa- || | | Fa- ||
+ of || | |thoms|| | | thoms||
+ Articles.= ||No.|Inch.|each.||No.|Inch.| each.||
+ --------------++---+-----+-----++---+-----+------++
+ CABLES. || | | || | | ||
+ Sheets (hemp) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets (chain)|| 1 |1²⁄₁₆| 105 || 1 |1¹⁄₁₆| 105 ||
+ Bowers (chain)|| 2 |1²⁄₁₆| 120 || 2 |1¹⁄₁₆| 120 ||
+ Stream (hemp) || 1 |7 | 120 || 1 |7 | 120 ||
+ || | +-----++ | +------++
+ || 2 | {1 of 5 in|| 2 | {1 of 5 in||
+ Hawsers (hemp)|| | {1 of 6 in|| | {1 of 4¹⁄₂||
+ || | || | ||
+ Messengers || | || | ||
+ (h’mp) || — | — || — | — ||
+ Towlines || | || | ||
+ (Manilla) || 2 |4 in. each.|| 2 | 4 in. each.||
+ || | || | ||
+ Chain for || | || | ||
+ Launch || 1 |³⁄₁₆ in. 30|| 1 |³⁄₁₆ in. 30 ||
+ || 1 |f. || 1 |f. ||
+
+ ==============++====================================++==================
+ || =Steamers.= ||
+ ++-----------------++-----------------++
+ || First Class. || Second Class. ||
+ ++---+-------+-----++---+-------+-----++
+ =Names || | | Fa- || | | Fa- ||
+ of || | |thoms|| | |thoms||
+ Articles.= ||No.| Inch. |each.||No.| Inch. |each.||=Remarks.=
+ --------------++---+-------+-----++---+-------+-----++------------------
+ CABLES. || | | || | | ||}One hemp cable
+ Sheets (hemp) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||}allowed to all
+ Sheets (chain)|| 1 | 1¹³⁄₁₆| 150 || 1 | 1¹¹⁄₁₆| 150 ||}small vessels,
+ Bowers (chain)|| 2 | 1¹³⁄₁₆| 150 || 2 | 1¹¹⁄₁₆| 150 ||}at the discretion
+ Stream (hemp) || 1 |13 | 120 || 1 |11 | 120 ||}of the commander.
+ || | +-----++ | +-----++
+ || 4 | {1 of 6 in|| 4 | {2 of 6 in||{In Ships of the
+ Hawsers (hemp)|| | {2 of 8 in|| | {1 of 7 in||{Line, and
+ || | {1 of 9 in|| | {1 of 8 in||{Frigates, two of
+ Messengers || | || | || these hawsers
+ (h’mp) || 1 | 12 inches.|| 1 | 11 inches.|| may be of
+ Towlines || | || | || Manilla, and in
+ (Manilla) || 2 | {1 of 4 in|| 2 | {1 of 4¹⁄₂|| smaller vessels,
+ || | {1 of 5 in|| | {1 of 4 in|| one.
+ Chain for || | || | ||
+ Launch || 1 |¹⁄₄ in. 45 || 1 |¹⁄₄ in. 40 ||
+ || 1 |fa. || 1 |fa. ||
+
+
+=521.--A Table showing the Size, Quantity, Quality and Number of Sails
+allowed to each Class of Vessels, U. S. N.=
+
+ ==========================++=====================================++
+ || ||
+ || ||
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++------+----+-------------------------++
+ =Names || No. | No.| Size Rope. ||
+ of || of |Can-+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||Sails.|vas.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ --------------------------++------+----+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Sails || 2 | 1 | 3¹⁄₄| 6 | 6 | — ||
+ Fore Top Sails || 2 | 1 | 3¹⁄₄| 6 | 4¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Royals || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2³⁄₄| 2 | — ||
+ Main Sails || 2 | 1 | 3¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₂| 5¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Main Top Sails || 3 | 1 | 3¹⁄₄| 6 | 4³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Royals || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2³⁄₄| 2 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-sails || 2 | 2 | 2³⁄₄| 5 | 3³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 5 | 1³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Mizen Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 2 | 6 | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 5 | 2 | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main T’p-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 5 | 1¹⁄₂| 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Flying-Jibs || 2 | 6 | — | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | 3 ||
+ Standing-Jibs || 2 | 3 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3³⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Try-sails || 1 | 1 | 2¹⁄₄| 3³⁄₄| 3³⁄₄ | 3³⁄₄ ||
+ Main Try-sails || 1 | 1 | 2¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂ | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+ Storm Mizen || 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 ||
+ Spankers || 2 | 3 | 2¹⁄₄| 2³⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂ | 4¹⁄₄ ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3³⁄₄| 3³⁄₄ | 4¹⁄₄ ||
+ Miz. Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂ | 3³⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sails || 2 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂ | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+
+ ==========================++=====================================++
+ || ||
+ || ++
+ || =Razees. ||
+ ++------+----+-------------------------++
+ =Names || No. | No.| Size Rope. ||
+ of ++ of |Can-+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||Sails.|vas.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ --------------------------++------+----+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Sails || 2 | 1 | 3 | 5³⁄₄| 5³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top Sails || 2 | 1 | 3 | 5³⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 4 | 2 | 3³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Royals || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | — ||
+ Main Sails || 2 | 2 | 3 | 5¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top Sails || 3 | 1 | 3 | 5³⁄₄| 4¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 4 | 2 | 3³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Royals || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Mizen Top-sails || 2 | 2 | 2³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 3¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 5 | 1³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | — ||
+ Mizen Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 2 | 6 | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 5 | 2 | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main T’p-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 5 | 2 | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Flying-Jibs || 2 | 6 | — | 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | 3 ||
+ Standing-Jibs || 2 | 3 | — | 3 | 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+ Fore Try-sails || 1 | 1 | 2¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂ | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+ Main Try-sails || 1 | 1 | 2¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₄ ||
+ Storm Mizen || 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 ||
+ Spankers || 2 | 3 | 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₂| 3 | 3 ||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂ | 4¹⁄₄ ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3³⁄₄| 3³⁄₄ | 4¹⁄₄ ||
+ Miz. Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3³⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3³⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sails || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₄ ||
+
+ ==========================++=======================================
+ || =Frigates.=
+ ++-------------------------------------++
+ || =FIRST CLASS. ||
+ ++------+----+-------------------------++
+ =Names || No. | No.| Size Rope. ||
+ of ++ of |Can-+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||Sails.|vas.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ --------------------------++------+----+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Sails || 2 | 1 | 3 | 5¹⁄₂| 5¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Fore Top Sails || 2 | 1 | 3 | 5¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 5 | 2 | 3¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Fore Royals || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | — ||
+ Main Sails || 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | — ||
+ Main Top Sails || 3 | 1 | 3 | 5³⁄₄| 4¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 5 | 2 | 3¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Main Royals || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-sails || 2 | 3 | 2¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 6 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | — ||
+ Mizen Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 2 | 1¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 2 | 6 | 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 5 | 1³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 2 | — ||
+ Main T’p-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 5 | 1³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 2 | — ||
+ Flying-Jibs || 2 | 6 | — | 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | 2³⁄₄ ||
+ Standing-Jibs || 2 | 4 | — | 2³⁄₄| 3 | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+ Fore Try-sails || 1 | 1 | 2 | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₄ ||
+ Main Try-sails || 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 ||
+ Storm Mizen || 1 | 1 | 2 | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | 2³⁄₄ ||
+ Spankers || 2 | 4 | 2 | 2¹⁄₄| 3 | 3 ||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3³⁄₄ ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂ | 4 ||
+ Miz. Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sails || 2 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₄ ||
+
+ =================================================================++
+ =Frigates.= ||
+ ++-------------------------------------++
+ || SECOND CLASS. ||
+ ++------+----+-------------------------++
+ =Names || No. | No.| Size Rope. ||
+ of ++ of |Can-+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||Sails.|vas.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ --------------------------++------+----+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Sails || 2 | 1 | 2³⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top Sails || 2 | 1 | 2³⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| 4 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 5 | 1³⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Royals || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 2 | — ||
+ Main Sails || 2 | 2 | 2³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top Sails || 3 | 1 | 2³⁄₄| 5¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 5 | 1³⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Royals || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 2 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-sails || 2 | 3 | 2¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄| 3 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 6 | 1¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄| 2 | — ||
+ Mizen Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 1³⁄₄| 1¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 2 | 6 | 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 5 | 1³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 2 | — ||
+ Main T’p-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 5 | 1³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 2 | — ||
+ Flying-Jibs || 2 | 6 | — | 2 | 2 | 2¹⁄₂ ||
+ Standing-Jibs || 2 | 4 | — | 2¹⁄₂| 2³⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Try-sails || 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 ||
+ Main Try-sails || 1 | 1 | 2 | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | 2³⁄₄ ||
+ Storm Mizen || 1 | 1 | 2 | 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂ ||
+ Spankers || 2 | 4 | 1³⁄₄| 2 | 2³⁄₄ | 2³⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3 | 3 | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3³⁄₄ ||
+ Miz. Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sails || 2 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3¹⁄₄ ||
+
+ ==========================++=======================================
+ || =Sloops.=
+ ++-------------------------------------++
+ || FIRST CLASS. ||
+ ++------+----+-------------------------++
+ =Names || No. | No.| Size Rope. ||
+ of ++ of |Can-+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||Sails.|vas.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ --------------------------++------+----+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Sails || 2 | 2 | 2¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Fore Top Sails || 2 | 2 | 2¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 6 | 1³⁄₄| 3 | 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Sails || 2 | 2 | 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 4 | — ||
+ Main Top Sails || 3 | 2 | 2¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂| 3³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 6 | 1³⁄₄| 3 | 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Mizen Top-sails || 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Mizen Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 2 | 1¹⁄₂ | — ||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 2 | 7 | 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 6 | 1³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 1³⁄₄| 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main T’p-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 6 | 1³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | — ||
+ Main Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sails || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 1³⁄₄| 1³⁄₄ | — ||
+ Flying-Jibs || 2 | 7 | — | 2 | 2 | 2¹⁄₂ ||
+ Standing-Jibs || 2 | 4 | — | 2¹⁄₂| 2³⁄₄ | 3 ||
+ Fore Try-sails || 1 | 2 | 1³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | 2³⁄₄ ||
+ Main Try-sails || 1 | 2 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂ ||
+ Storm Mizen || 1 | 2 | 1³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂ ||
+ Spankers || 2 | 4 | 1³⁄₄| 2 | 2³⁄₄ | 2³⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3 | 3 | 3¹⁄₂ ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ | 3³⁄₄ ||
+ Miz. Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 1 | — | 3 | 3 | 3¹⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sails || 2 | 2 | — | 3 | 3 | 3 ||
+
+ =================================================================
+ =Sloops.=
+ ++-------------------------------------
+ || SECOND CLASS.
+ ++------+----+-------------------------
+ =Names || No. | No.| Size Rope.
+ of ++ of |Can-+-----+-----+------+------
+ Sails.= ||Sails.|vas.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.
+ --------------------------++------+----+-----+-----+------+------
+ Fore Sails || 2 | 2 | 2¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄ |
+ Fore Top Sails || 2 | 2 | 2¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄ |
+ Fore Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 6 | 1¹⁄₂| 2³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ |
+ Fore Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 2 | 1³⁄₄ |
+ Main Sails || 2 | 2 | 2¹⁄₄| 3³⁄₄| 3³⁄₄ |
+ Main Top Sails || 3 | 2 | 2¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₂ |
+ Main Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 6 | 1¹⁄₂| 2³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ |
+ Main Royals || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 2 | 1³⁄₄ |
+ Mizen Top-sails || 2 | 3 | 2 | 3³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ |
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sails || 2 | 7 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1³⁄₄ |
+ Mizen Royals || 2 | 8 | 1 | 1³⁄₄| 1¹⁄₂ |
+ Lower Studding-sail || 2 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | |
+ sails || 2 | 6 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 2 |
+ Fore Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | |
+ sails || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 1³⁄₄| 1³⁄₄ | —
+ Main T’p-mast Studding- || | | | | |
+ sails || 2 | 6 | 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 2 | —
+ Main Top-gallant Studding-|| | | | | |
+ sails || 2 | 8 | 1¹⁄₄| 1³⁄₄| 1³⁄₄ | —
+ Flying-Jibs || 2 | 7 | — | 2 | 2 | 2
+ Standing-Jibs || 2 | 4 | — | 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | 3
+ Fore Try-sails || 1 | 2 | 1³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | 2³⁄₄
+ Main Try-sails || 1 | 2 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂
+ Storm Mizen || 1 | 2 | 1¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₄| 2¹⁄₄ | 2¹⁄₄
+ Spankers || 2 | 4 | 1³⁄₄| 2 | 2¹⁄₂ | 2¹⁄₂
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 2 | — | 3 | 3 | 3
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 2 | — | 3 | 3 | 3¹⁄₂
+ Miz. Storm Stay-sail || 1 | 2 | — | 2³⁄₄| 2³⁄₄ | 3
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sails || 2 | 2 | — | 3 | 3 | 3
+
+=A Table showing the Size, Quantity, Quality and Number of Sails
+allowed to each Class of Vessels, U. S. N.=—_Concluded._
+
+ =========================++=========================================
+ || =Ships of the Line.=
+ ++----------------------------------------+
+ || |
+ || +
+ || THREE DECKS. |
+ ++-------+------+-------------------------+
+ =Names || Body |Lining| |
+ of the || of | of | Fath. Bolt-rope. |
+ different || Sail, | Sail,+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Sails.= || yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.|
+ -------------------------++-------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Fore Course || 900 | 234 |14¹⁄₃|14¹⁄₂| 16²⁄₃| — |
+ Fore Top-sail || 848 | 340 | 9³⁄₄|14¹⁄₂| 19 | — |
+ Fore Top-gal’t Sail || 361¹⁄₂| 80 | 7 |10 | 12¹⁄₃| — |
+ Fore Royal || 162 | 11 | 4²⁄₃| 7 | 8¹⁄₃| — |
+ Main Course ||1200 | 278 |15¹⁄₂|18 | 20 | — |
+ Main Top-sail ||1040 | 400 |10¹⁄₂|16 | 21 | — |
+ Main Top-gal’t Sail || 426 | 89 | 7²⁄₃|11¹⁄₄| 12¹⁄₂| — |
+ Main Royal || 195 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 8¹⁄₂| — |
+ Mizen Top-sail || 581 | 190 | 6¹⁄₂|10¹⁄₂| 16¹⁄₂| — |
+ Mizen Top-gal’t Sail || 216 | 49 | 4¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₄| 10¹⁄₂| — |
+ Mizen Royal || 98 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 8 | — |
+ Flying-Jib || 382 | — | — | 6³⁄₄| 13³⁄₄| 18 |
+ Jib || 664 | — | — | 9¹⁄₃| 17 | 21¹⁄₃|
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sail || 310 | — | — | 6 | 12 | 15 |
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 276 | — | — | 8 | 7¹⁄₄| 10²⁄₃|
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 430 | — | — |10²⁄₃| 8²⁄₃| 14²⁄₃|
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || 245 | — | — | 7²⁄₃| 7¹⁄₄| 11 |
+ Storm Mizen || 270 | — | 4 | 6 | 8¹⁄₂| 6¹⁄₂|
+ Fore Try-sail || 549 | — | 6 | 9¹⁄₄| 11¹⁄₃| 8 |
+ Main Try-sail || 504 | — | 5¹⁄₃| 7³⁄₄| 10²⁄₃| 8¹⁄₄|
+ Spanker || 568 | — | 6 | 9¹⁄₂| 10¹⁄₃| 7¹⁄₃|
+ Lower Studding-sail || 749 | — |10¹⁄₂|10¹⁄₂| 18¹⁄₄| — |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 426 | — | 4¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₄| 19¹⁄₃| — |
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | | |
+ sail || 173 | — | 3 | 5 | 12¹⁄₂| — |
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 512 | — | 5 | 7¹⁄₂| 21¹⁄₂| — |
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 209 | — | 3¹⁄₃| 5¹⁄₂| 14¹⁄₂| — |
+ ++-------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | |
+ rope || 13,960 | 844 |
+
+ =========================++========================================
+ || =Ships of the Line.=
+ ++----------------------------------------
+ || TWO DECKS.
+ ||---------------------------------------+
+ || First Class. |
+ ++------+------+-------------------------+
+ =Names || Body |Lining| |
+ of the || of | of | Fath. Bolt-rope. |
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.|
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Fore Course || 847 | 227 |13 |13¹⁄₂| 16 | — |
+ Fore Top-sail || 818 | 333 | 9¹⁄₄|13¹⁄₂| 19 | — |
+ Fore Top-gal’t Sail || 335 | 77 | 6¹⁄₂| 9²⁄₃| 13¹⁄₃| — |
+ Fore Royal || 153 | 10 | 4¹⁄₂| 6²⁄₃| 8¹⁄₃| — |
+ Main Course || 172 | 271 |15¹⁄₄|17¹⁄₂| 19¹⁄₃| — |
+ Main Top-sail || 997 | 380 |10 |15¹⁄₂| 21 | — |
+ Main Top-gal’t Sail || 406 | 83 | 7²⁄₃|10¹⁄₂| 12¹⁄₂| — |
+ Main Royal || 195 | 11 | 5 | 8 | 8¹⁄₂| — |
+ Mizen Top-sail || 581 | 190 | 6¹⁄₂|10¹⁄₂| 16¹⁄₂| — |
+ Mizen Top-gal’t Sail || 216 | 49 | 4¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₄| 10¹⁄₂| — |
+ Mizen Royal || 98 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 8 | — |
+ Flying-Jib || 367 | — | — | 6 | 13 | 17 |
+ Jib || 650 | — | — | 9 | 16¹⁄₂| 20 |
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sail || 290 | — | — | 5³⁄₄| 11 | 14 |
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 242 | — | — | 7³⁄₄| 7 | 9¹⁄₄|
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 397 | — | — |10 | 8¹⁄₂| 14¹⁄₂|
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || 237 | — | — | 7¹⁄₂| 7 | 11 |
+ Storm Mizen || 260 | — | 4 | 5¹⁄₂| 8¹⁄₂| 6¹⁄₂|
+ Fore Try-sail || 545 | — | 6 | 9 | 11¹⁄₃| 8 |
+ Main Try-sail || 499 | — | 5¹⁄₃| 7¹⁄₂| 10²⁄₃| 8¹⁄₄|
+ Spanker || 542 | — | 6 | 9¹⁄₂| 10¹⁄₃| 7¹⁄₃|
+ Lower Studding-sail || 686 | — | 9²⁄₃| 9²⁄₃| 18 | — |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 424 | — | 4¹⁄₂| 7 | 19¹⁄₃| — |
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | | |
+ sail || 173 | — | 3 | 5 | 12¹⁄₂| — |
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 512 | — | 5 | 7¹⁄₂| 21¹⁄₂| — |
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 209 | — | 3¹⁄₃| 5¹⁄₂| 14¹⁄₂| — |
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | |
+ rope || 13,406 | 816 |
+
+ =========================++=======================================++
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++---------------------------------------++
+ || TWO DECKS. ||
+ ||---------------------------------------++
+ || Second Class. ||
+ ++------+------+-------------------------++
+ =Names || Body |Lining| ||
+ of the || of | of | Fath. Bolt-rope. ||
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Course || 758 | 218 |12³⁄₄|13 | 15¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Top-sail || 777 | 319 |8¹⁄₂ |13 | 18 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gal’t Sail || 311 | 60 |6¹⁄₄ | 9 | 11 | — ||
+ Fore Royal || 149 | 9 |4¹⁄₄ | 6¹⁄₂| 8 | — ||
+ Main Course || 110 | 259 |15 |17¹⁄₄| 18²⁄₃| — ||
+ Main Top-sail || 984 | 360 |9³⁄₄ |15¹⁄₄| 21 | — ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Sail || 399 | 80 |7¹⁄₂ |10¹⁄₃| 12¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Main Royal || 190 | 10 |4³⁄₄ | 7²⁄₃| 8¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Mizen Top-sail || 413 | 180 |6¹⁄₃ | 9¹⁄₂| 14 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gal’t Sail || 198 | 45 |4¹⁄₃ | 7 | 10¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Mizen Royal || 94 | 5 |2³⁄₄ | 4³⁄₄| 8 | — ||
+ Flying-Jib || 332 | — | — | 5³⁄₄| 12¹⁄₂| 16¹⁄₂||
+ Jib || 600 | — | — | 8²⁄₃| 16 | 19¹⁄₃||
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sail || 260 | — | — | 5¹⁄₂| 10¹⁄₂| 13¹⁄₃||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 220 | — | — | 7¹⁄₂| 6³⁄₄| 9 ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 355 | — | — | 9¹⁄₂| 8¹⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || 230 | — | — | 7¹⁄₄| 6³⁄₄| 10¹⁄₂||
+ Storm Mizen || 250 | — | — | 5¹⁄₄| 8¹⁄₄| 6¹⁄₄||
+ Fore Try-sail || 500 | — |5³⁄₄ | 8²⁄₃| 11 | 7³⁄₄||
+ Main Try-sail || 450 | — |4³⁄₄ | 7¹⁄₄| 10 | 8 ||
+ Spanker || 500 | — |6 | 9¹⁄₂| 10 | 6¹⁄₂||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 590 | — |9¹⁄₃ | 9¹⁄₃| 17¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail || 356 | — |4 | 6 | 19 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sail || 161 | — |2³⁄₄ | 4³⁄₄| 12 | — ||
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail || 483 | — |4³⁄₄ | 7 | 21¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail || 208 | — |3¹⁄₃ | 5¹⁄₂| 14¹⁄₂| — ||
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | ||
+ rope || 12,423 | 783 ||
+
+ =========================++=======================================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ++
+ || ||
+ || ||
+ || =Razees.= ||
+ ++------+------+-------------------------++
+ =Names || Body |Lining| ||
+ of the || of | of | Fath. Bolt-rope. ||
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Course || 758 | 218 |12³⁄₄|13 | 15¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Top-sail || 777 | 319 |8¹⁄₂ |13 | 18 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gal’t Sail || 311 | 60 |6¹⁄₄ | 9 | 11 | — ||
+ Fore Royal || 149 | 9 |4¹⁄₄ | 6¹⁄₂| 8 | — ||
+ Main Course || 1110 | 259 |15 |17¹⁄₄| 18²⁄₃| — ||
+ Main Top-sail || 984 | 360 | 9³⁄₄|15¹⁄₄| 21 | — ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Sail || 399 | 80 | 7¹⁄₂|10¹⁄₃| 12¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Main Royal || 190 | 10 | 4³⁄₄| 7²⁄₃| 8¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Mizen Top-sail || 413 | 180 | 6¹⁄₃| 9¹⁄₂| 14 | — ||
+ Mizen Top-gal’t Sail || 198 | 45 | 4¹⁄₃| 7 | 10¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Mizen Royal || 94 | 5 | 2³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 8 | — ||
+ Flying-Jib || 332 | — | — | 5³⁄₄| 12¹⁄₂| 16¹⁄₂||
+ Jib || 600 | — | — | 8²⁄₃| 16 | 19¹⁄₃||
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sail || 260 | — | — | 5¹⁄₂| 10¹⁄₂| 13¹⁄₃||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 220 | — | — | 7¹⁄₂| 6³⁄₄| 9 ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 355 | — | — | 9¹⁄₂| 8¹⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || 230 | — | — | 7¹⁄₄| 6³⁄₄| 10¹⁄₂||
+ Storm Mizen || 250 | — | — | 5¹⁄₄| 8¹⁄₄| 6¹⁄₄ ||
+ Fore Try-sail || 500 | — | 5³⁄₄| 8²⁄₃| 11 | 7³⁄₄ ||
+ Main Try-sail || 450 | — | 4³⁄₄| 7¹⁄₄| 10 | 8 ||
+ Spanker || 500 | — | 6 | 9¹⁄₂| 10 | 6¹⁄₂||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 590 | — | 9¹⁄₃| 9¹⁄₃| 17¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail || 356 | — | 4 | 6 | 19 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sail || 161 | — | 2³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 12 | — ||
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail || 483 | — | 4³⁄₄| 7 | 21¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail || 208 | — | 3¹⁄₃| 5¹⁄₂| 14¹⁄₂| — ||
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | ||
+ rope || 12,423 | 783 ||
+
+ =========================++========================================
+ || =Frigates.=
+ ++---------------------------------------+
+ || |
+ || |
+ || First Class. |
+ ++------+------+-------------------------+
+ =Names || Body |Lining| |
+ of the || of | of | Fath. Bolt-rope. |
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.|
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Fore Course || 600 | 145 |12 |12¹⁄₂| 14 | — |
+ Fore Top-sail || 596 | 230 | 8¹⁄₄|12¹⁄₂| 16 | — |
+ Fore Top-gal’t Sail || 269 | 50 | 6 | 8¹⁄₂| 10¹⁄₂| — |
+ Fore Royal || 123 | 7 | 4 | 6¹⁄₃| 7³⁄₄ | — |
+ Main Course || 844 | 200 |14 |16 | 17 | — |
+ Main Top-sail || 800 | 250 | 9¹⁄₂|14¹⁄₂| 19¹⁄₂| — |
+ Main Top-gal’t Sail || 337 | 58 | 6¹⁄₂|10 | 12¹⁄₄| — |
+ Main Royal || 150 | 8 | 4¹⁄₄| 7 | 8 | — |
+ Mizen Top-sail || 360 | 115 | 5³⁄₄| 9¹⁄₄| 13¹⁄₂| — |
+ Mizen Top-gal’t Sail || 152 | 36 | 4 | 6 | 9 | — |
+ Mizen Royal || 67 | 5 | 2¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₃| 6¹⁄₂| — |
+ Flying-Jib || 292 | — | 5¹⁄₂|12¹⁄₂| 15 | — |
+ Jib || 500 | — | — | 7¹⁄₂| 13¹⁄₂| 17 |
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sail || 223 | — | — | 5 | 10¹⁄₂| 12 |
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 170 | — | — | 7 | 6¹⁄₂ | 8¹⁄₂|
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 307 | — | — | 7¹⁄₂| 8 | 12 |
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || 179 | — | — | 6¹⁄₄| 6¹⁄₂| 9 |
+ Storm Mizen || 230 | — | 3¹⁄₂| 5 | 8¹⁄₂| 6 |
+ Fore Try-sail || 410 | — | 5¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂| 9 | 6 |
+ Main Try-sail || 360 | — | 4³⁄₄| 6¹⁄₂| 9 | 7 |
+ Spanker || 410 | — | 5¹⁄₂| 8 | 8 | 6 |
+ Lower Studding-sail || 440 | — | 8¹⁄₄| 8¹⁄₄| 15 | — |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 315 | — | 3¹⁄₂| 6 | 17 | — |
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | | |
+ sail || 140 | — | 2³⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄| 11¹⁄₄| — |
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 360 | — | 4¹⁄₄| 7 | 20 | — |
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 170 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| 12¹⁄₄| — |
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | |
+ rope || 10,112 | 719 |
+
+ =========================++=======================================
+ || =Frigates.=
+ ++---------------------------------------
+ ||
+ ||
+ || Second Class.
+ ++------+------+-------------------------
+ =Names || Body |Lining|
+ of the || of | of | Fath. Bolt-rope.
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------
+ Fore Course ||531 | 135 |10²⁄₃|11 | 13 |
+ Fore Top-sail ||510 | 196 | 7¹⁄₄|11 | 15 |
+ Fore Top-gal’t Sail ||210 | 40 | 5¹⁄₄| 7³⁄₄| 9¹⁄₂|
+ Fore Royal ||101²⁄₃| 6 | 3¹⁄₂| 5¹⁄₂| 7 |
+ Main Course ||770 | 185 |12¹⁄₃|14¹⁄₃| 16 |
+ Main Top-sail ||661 | 210 | 8¹⁄₂|13 | 17 |
+ Main Top-gal’t Sail ||257 | 45 | 5¹⁄₂| 9 | 11 |
+ Main Royal ||116¹⁄₂| 8 | 3³⁄₄| 5³⁄₄| 7¹⁄₄|
+ Mizen Top-sail ||321 | 90 | 5 | 8¹⁄₂| 12¹⁄₂|
+ Mizen Top-gal’t Sail ||114¹⁄₂| 25 | 3¹⁄₂| 5¹⁄₂| 8 |
+ Mizen Royal ||48 | 4 | 2¹⁄₄| 4 | 5¹⁄₂|
+ Flying-Jib ||247 | — | — | 5¹⁄₄| 11 | 14
+ Jib ||404 | — | — | 7¹⁄₄| 12¹⁄₄| 16
+ Fore Top-mast Stay-sail ||196 | — | — | 4³⁄₄| 9¹⁄₂ | 11¹⁄₂
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail ||152 | — | — | 6¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₂ | 8
+ Main Storm Stay-sail ||261 | — | — | 6 | 7²⁄₃ | 11¹⁄₄
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail ||153 | — | — | 5¹⁄₂| 6¹⁄₄ | 8²⁄₃
+ Storm Mizen ||203 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂ | 5¹⁄₂
+ Fore Try-sail ||337 | — | 5¹⁄₄| 7¹⁄₄| 8¹⁄₂ | 5¹⁄₂
+ Main Try-sail ||309 | — | 4¹⁄₄| 6 | 8¹⁄₃ | 6¹⁄₄
+ Spanker ||322 | — | 5 | 7¹⁄₄| 7¹⁄₂ | 5¹⁄₂
+ Lower Studding-sail ||420 | — | 7¹⁄₄| 7¹⁄₄| 14¹⁄₃|
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | |
+ sail ||241 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| 15¹⁄₂|
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | |
+ sail ||121 | — | 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 10 |
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | |
+ sail ||323 | — | 4 | 6 | 18 |
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | |
+ sail ||144 | — | 3 | 5 | 11¹⁄₂|
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| |
+ rope || 8,418 | 655
+
+ =========================++========================================
+ || =Sloops.=
+ ++---------------------------------------+
+ || First Class. |
+ ++------+------+-------------------------+
+ =Names || Body |Lining| |
+ of the || of | of | Fath. Bolt-rope. |
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.|
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Fore Course || 428 | 73¹⁄₂| 9 | 9¹⁄₂| 12 | — |
+ Fore Top-sail || 383 |130 | 6¹⁄₄| 9¹⁄₂| 13¹⁄₃| — |
+ Fore Top-gallant Sail || 165 | 30 | 4¹⁄₃| 6²⁄₃| 8¹⁄₃| — |
+ Fore Royal || 74 | 4 | 3¹⁄₄| 4²⁄₃| 5²⁄₃| — |
+ Main Course || 595 | 86 |10¹⁄₂|11²⁄₃| 14 | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Main Top-sail || 486 |151 | 7¹⁄₄|11 | 15 | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Main Top-gallant Sail || 200 | 40 | 5¹⁄₄| 7¹⁄₂| 9 | — |
+ Main Royal || 92 | 5 | 3²⁄₃| 5¹⁄₂| 6¹⁄₃| — |
+ Mizen Top-sail || 244 | 85 | 4¹⁄₂| 7 | 11²⁄₃| — |
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sail || 106 | 20 | 3¹⁄₄| 5 | 7¹⁄₂| — |
+ Mizen Royal || 45 | 3 | 2¹⁄₄| 3¹⁄₂| 5 | — |
+ Flying-Jib || 164 | — | — | 4²⁄₃| 9 | 11²⁄₃|
+ Jib || 276 | — | — | 6 | 10¹⁄₃| 13¹⁄₃|
+ Fore Topmast Stay-sail || 138 | — | — | 3²⁄₃| 7²⁄₃| 9 |
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 124 | — | — | 5 | 5¹⁄₄| 6²⁄₃|
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || 204 | — | — | 7 | 6 | 9²⁄₃|
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || 90 | — | — | 3²⁄₃| 5 | 6²⁄₃|
+ Storm Mizen || 180 | — | 2³⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| 5 |
+ Fore Try-sail || 256 | — | 4 | 6 | 7 | 5¹⁄₃|
+ Main Try-sail || 190 | — | 3 | 4 | 6¹⁄₂| 5²⁄₃|
+ Spanker || 242 | — | 4¹⁄₃| 5²⁄₃| 6¹⁄₂| 5²⁄₃|
+ Lower Studding-sail || 325 | — | 5¹⁄₂| 7 | 13¹⁄₂| — |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 174 | — | 3 | 5 | 14 | — |
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | | |
+ sail || 82 | — | 2¹⁄₄| 4 | 9 | — |
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 217 | — | 3¹⁄₄| 6 | 16 | — |
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 94 | — | 2¹⁄₂| 5 | 9¹⁄₂| — |
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | |
+ rope || 6,301 | 565 |
+
+ =========================++========================================
+ || =Sloops.=
+ ++---------------------------------------+
+ || Second Class. |
+ ++------+------+-------------------------+
+ =Names || Body |Lining| |
+ of the || of | of | Fa. Bolt-rope. |
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.|
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Fore Course ||376 | 65 | 8¹⁄₂| 9 | 11 | — |
+ Fore Top-sail ||340 | 120 | 5¹⁄₂| 9 | 13 | — |
+ Fore Top-gallant Sail ||135 | 25 | 4 | 6 | 8 | — |
+ Fore Royal || 62 | 3 | 3 | 4¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| — |
+ Main Course ||497 | 76 | 9¹⁄₂|10²⁄₃| 13 | — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Main Top-sail ||418 | 140 | 6³⁄₄|10¹⁄₂| 14¹⁄₂| — |
+ || | | | | | |
+ Main Top-gallant Sail ||167³⁄₄| 35 | 5 | 7 | 8³⁄₄| — |
+ Main Royal || 75³⁄₄| 4 | 3¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| 6¹⁄₄| — |
+ Mizen Top-sail ||206 | 75 | 4¹⁄₄| 6³⁄₄| 11¹⁄₄| — |
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sail || 80 | 16 | 3 | 4³⁄₄| 7¹⁄₄| — |
+ Mizen Royal || 36 | 3 | 2 | 3¹⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| — |
+ Flying-Jib ||150 | — | — | 4¹⁄₄| 8³⁄₄| 11¹⁄₄|
+ Jib ||265 | — | — | 5³⁄₄| 10 | 13 |
+ Fore Topmast Stay-sail ||120 | — | — | 3¹⁄₄| 7¹⁄₄| 9³⁄₄|
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail ||115 | — | — | 4³⁄₄| 5 | 6¹⁄₄|
+ Main Storm Stay-sail ||190 | — | — | 6³⁄₄| 5³⁄₄| 9¹⁄₄|
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || 85 | — | — | 3¹⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 6¹⁄₄|
+ Storm Mizen ||160 | — | 2¹⁄₄| 4 | 5¹⁄₂| 4³⁄₄|
+ Fore Try-sail ||230 | — | 3³⁄₄| 5³⁄₄| 6³⁄₄| 5 |
+ Main Try-sail ||175 | — | 2³⁄₄| 3³⁄₄| 6 | 5¹⁄₂|
+ Spanker ||230 | — | 4 | 5¹⁄₄| 6¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₂|
+ Lower Studding-sail ||260 | — | 5¹⁄₄| 6³⁄₄| 13 | — |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail ||164 | — | 2³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 13¹⁄₂| — |
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | | |
+ sail || 77 | — | 2 | 3³⁄₄| 8³⁄₄| — |
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail ||207 | — | 3 | 5³⁄₄| 15¹⁄₂| — |
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | | |
+ sail || 89 | — | 2¹⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 9¹⁄₄| — |
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------+
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | |
+ rope || 5,472 | 537 |
+
+ =========================++=======================================++
+ || =Sloops.= ||
+ ++---------------------------------------++
+ || Third Class. ||
+ ++------+------+-------------------------++
+ =Names || Body |Lining| ||
+ of the || of | of | Fa. Bolt-rope. ||
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Course ||363 | 65 | 8¹⁄₂| 9 | 10²⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Top-sail ||340 | 120 | 5¹⁄₂| 9 | 12³⁄₄| — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sail ||135 | 25 | 4 | 6 | 8 | — ||
+ Fore Royal || 62 | 3 | 3 | 4¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| — ||
+ Main Course ||486 | 76 | 9¹⁄₄|10¹⁄₂| 12³⁄₄| — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-sail ||418 | 140 | 6³⁄₄|10¹⁄₂| 14¹⁄₄| — ||
+ || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sail ||167³⁄₄| 35 | 5 | 7 | 8³⁄₄| — ||
+ Main Royal || 75³⁄₄| 4 | 3¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄| 6¹⁄₄| — ||
+ Mizen Top-sail ||206 | 75 | 4¹⁄₄| 6³⁄₄| 11¹⁄₄| — ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sail || 80 | 16 | 3 | 4³⁄₄| 7¹⁄₄| — ||
+ Mizen Royal || 36 | 3 | 2 | 3¹⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| — ||
+ Flying-Jib ||146 | — | — | 4¹⁄₄| 8¹⁄₂| 11 ||
+ Jib ||259 | — | — | 5³⁄₄| 9³⁄₄| 12³⁄₄||
+ Fore Topmast Stay-sail ||117 | — | — | 3¹⁄₄| 7 | 9¹⁄₂||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail ||113 | — | — | 4³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 6 ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail ||185 | — | — | 6³⁄₄| 5¹⁄₂| 9 ||
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || 83 | — | — | 3¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Storm Mizen ||157 | — | 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 5¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₂||
+ Fore Try-sail ||224 | — | 3³⁄₄| 5³⁄₄| 6¹⁄₂| 4³⁄₄||
+ Main Try-sail ||170 | — | 2³⁄₄| 3³⁄₄| 5³⁄₄| 5¹⁄₄||
+ Spanker ||224 | — | 4 | 5¹⁄₄| 6 | 5¹⁄₄||
+ Lower Studding-sail ||250 | — | 5¹⁄₄| 6³⁄₄| 12¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail ||164 | — | 2³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 13 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | | ||
+ sail || 77 | — | 2 | 3³⁄₄| 8¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail ||207 | — | 3 | 5³⁄₄| 15¹⁄₄| — ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | | ||
+ sail || 89 | — | 2¹⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 9 | — ||
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | ||
+ rope || 5,296 | 526 ||
+
+ =========================++================================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ||
+ || =Brigs.= ||
+ ++------+-------------------------++
+ =Names || Body | ||
+ of the || of | Fa. Bolt-rope. ||
+ different || Sail,+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ -------------------------++------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Course || 300 | 7¹⁄₂| 8 | 9²⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Top-sail || 290 | 5 | 8 | 10 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sail || 97 | 3¹⁄₂| 5¹⁄₃| 6¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Royal || 47 | 2³⁄₄| 3³⁄₄| 4¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Main Course || 367 | 8¹⁄₄| 9¹⁄₂| 11³⁄₄| — ||
+ || | | | | ||
+ Main Top-sail || 330 | 6 | 9¹⁄₄| 11¹⁄₃| — ||
+ || | | | | ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sail || 112 | 4¹⁄₄| 6¹⁄₂| 6²⁄₃| — ||
+ Main Royal || 57 | 3 | 4²⁄₃| 4²⁄₃| — ||
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Royal || | | | | ||
+ Flying-Jib || 110 | — | 3³⁄₄| 7¹⁄₂| 10¹⁄₂||
+ Jib || 175 | — | 5¹⁄₄| 8³⁄₄| 11³⁄₄||
+ Fore Topmast Stay-sail || 82 | — | 3 | 6¹⁄₂| 9 ||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 80 | — | 4¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₂||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || | | | | ||
+ Storm Mizen || | | | | ||
+ Fore Try-sail || 152 | 3¹⁄₂| 5¹⁄₂| 6¹⁄₄| 4¹⁄₄||
+ Main Try-sail || 350 | 5¹⁄₃| 8³⁄₄| 6¹⁄₂| 5¹⁄₂||
+ Spanker || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 180 | 4³⁄₄| 4³⁄₄| 11¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || 100 | 2¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂| 12¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | ||
+ sail || 45 | 1³⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄| 7³⁄₄| — ||
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || 53 | 2 | 4¹⁄₃| 8¹⁄₂| — ||
+ ++------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | ||
+ rope || 2927 | 353 ||
+
+ =========================++================================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ||
+ || =Brigantines.= ||
+ ++------+-------------------------++
+ =Names || Body | ||
+ of the || of | Fa. Bolt-rope. ||
+ different || Sail,+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Sails.= ||yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ -------------------------++------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Course ||261 | 6¹⁄₃| 6²⁄₃| 9 | — ||
+ Fore Top-sail ||232 | 4¹⁄₄| 6²⁄₃| 9¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sail || 96 | 3 | 4¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Royal || 42 | 2 | 3¹⁄₃| 5 | — ||
+ Main Course ||445 | 4 | 8 | 9¹⁄₂| 8¹⁄₃||
+ || | | | | ||
+ Main Top-sail ||146 | 3¹⁄₂| 5 | 7¹⁄₂| — ||
+ || | | | | ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sail || 54¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₃| 3²⁄₃| 5¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Main Royal || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Royal || | | | | ||
+ Flying-Jib ||106 | — | 3¹⁄₃| 7¹⁄₄| 9²⁄₃||
+ Jib ||145 | — | 3³⁄₄| 10²⁄₃| 11¹⁄₃||
+ Fore Topmast Stay-sail || 63 | — | 2¹⁄₂| 6 | 7 ||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 61 | — | 3 | 5 | 6¹⁄₄||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || | | | | ||
+ Storm Mizen || | | | | ||
+ Fore Try-sail ||200 | 3¹⁄₂| 5 | 6 | 4¹⁄₂||
+ Main Try-sail || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Spanker || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Lower Studding-sail ||149 | 4 | 4¹⁄₂| 9¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || 95 | 2¹⁄₃| 4¹⁄₄| 12¹⁄₄| — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | ||
+ sail || 40 | 1³⁄₄| 3¹⁄₄| 7¹⁄₂| — ||
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ ++------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | ||
+ rope || 2135 | 268 ||
+
+ =========================++=================================++
+ || ||
+ ++ ||
+ || =Schooners.= ||
+ ++-------+-------------------------++
+ =Names || Body | ||
+ of the || of | Fa. Bolt-rope. ||
+ different || Sail, +-----+-----+------+------+|
+ Sails.= || yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.||
+ -------------------------++-------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Fore Course || 420 | 4 | 7¹⁄₃| 10 | 8¹⁄₃||
+ Fore Top-sail || 240 | 4¹⁄₄| 7¹⁄₂| 10 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gallant Sail || 73 | 3 | 4²⁄₃| 5¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Royal || | | | | ||
+ Main Course || 452 | 4 | 8 | 10 | 8¹⁄₂||
+ || Gaff. | | | | ||
+ Main Top-sail || 106 | — | 4 | 7²⁄₃| 10¹⁄₂||
+ ||Sq. sl.| | | | ||
+ Main Top-gallant Sail || 471 | 7 | 8 | 16²⁄₃| — ||
+ Main Royal || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Royal || | | | | ||
+ Flying-Jib || 135 | — | 4²⁄₃| 10 | 12²⁄₃||
+ Jib || 195 | — | 6 | 8 | 9 ||
+ Fore Topmast Stay-sail || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || | | | | ||
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || | | | | ||
+ Storm Mizen || | | | | ||
+ Fore Try-sail || — | | — | — | — ||
+ Main Try-sail || — | | — | — | — ||
+ Spanker || — | | — | — | — ||
+ Lower Studding-sail || 216 | 3¹⁄₂| 4 | 16²⁄₃| — ||
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || 79 | 2 | 3 | 10 | — ||
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | ||
+ sail || 27 | 1 | 2¹⁄₄| 5¹⁄₃| — ||
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | ||
+ sail || — | — | — | — | — ||
+ ++-------+-----+-----+------+------++
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| | ||
+ rope || 2414 | 247 ||
+
+ =========================++=======================================
+ ||
+ ++
+ || =Steamers.=
+ ++------+------+-------------------------
+ =Names || Body |Lining|
+ of the || of | of | Fa. Bolt-rope.
+ different || Sail,| Sail,+-----+-----+------+------
+ Sails.= ||yards.|yards.|Head.|Foot.|Leech.|Hoist.
+ -------------------------++------+------+-----+-----+------+------
+ Fore Course || 755 | 137 |12²⁄₃|13 | 16 |
+ Fore Top-sail || 734 | 206 | 8¹⁄₃|13 | 19¹⁄₃|
+ Fore Top-gallant Sail || 342 | 40 | 5¹⁄₂| 8²⁄₃| 13¹⁄₂|
+ Fore Royal || | | | | |
+ Main Course || 785 | 142 |12²⁄₃|14 | 16¹⁄₃|
+ || | | | | |
+ Main Top-sail || 734 | 206 | 8¹⁄₂|14 | 19¹⁄₂|
+ || | | | | |
+ Main Top-gallant Sail || 342 | 40 | 5¹⁄₂| 8²⁄₃| 13¹⁄₃|
+ Main Royal || | | | | |
+ Mizen Top-sail || | | | | |
+ Mizen Top-gallant Sail || | | | | |
+ Mizen Royal || | | | | |
+ Flying-Jib || | | | | |
+ Jib || 573 | — | — | 8 | 16 | 20
+ Fore Topmast Stay-sail || 253 | — | — | 5 | 11 | 13
+ Fore Storm Stay-sail || 310 | — | — | 8²⁄₃| 7 | 11
+ Main Storm Stay-sail || | | | | |
+ Mizen Storm Stay-sail || | | | | |
+ Storm Mizen || | | | | |
+ Fore Try-sail || 570 | — | 6 | 9¹⁄₄| 10²⁄₃| 7
+ Main Try-sail || 360 | — | 4¹⁄₂| 6¹⁄₃| 9 | 7
+ Spanker || 412 | — | 5¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₄| 9 | 6²⁄₃
+ Lower Studding-sail || 463 | — | 7¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂| 16 |
+ Fore Top-mast Studding- || | | | | |
+ sail || 346 | — | 4 | 6 | 19¹⁄₄|
+ Fore Top-gall’t Studding-|| | | | | |
+ sail || 155 | — | 3 | 5¹⁄₄| 12 |
+ Main Top-mast Studding- || | | | | |
+ sail || 346 | — | 4 | 6 | 19¹⁄₄|
+ Main Top-gal’t Studding- || | | | | |
+ sail || 155 | — | 3 | 5¹⁄₄| 12 |
+ ++------+------+-----+-----+------+------
+ Tot. of Canvass and Bolt-|| |
+ rope || 8,406 | 542
+
+
+=523.--A Table showing the Length and Size of Standing & Run’g Rigging
+for all Classes of Vessels, U. S. N.=
+
+ =================++=====================================================++
+ || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ ++-----------------+-----------------------------------++
+ || | 2 DECKS. ||
+ || +-----------------+-----------------++
+ =Names || 3 DECKS. | 1st Class. | 2d Class. ||
+ of ++---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------++
+ Rigging.= ||No.|Size.|Length.|No.|Size.|Length.|No.|Size.|Length.||
+ -----------------++---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------++
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ BOWSPRIT GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Gammoning (Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for all classes || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of vessels) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 9 | 38 | 2| 9 | 34 | 2| 9 | 32 ||
+ Collars for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds || 2| 9 | 8 | 2| 9 | 7 | 2| 9 | 7 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 4| 4 | 32 | 4| 4 | 32 | 4| 4 | 32 ||
+ Bobstays (pairs) || 2|10¹⁄₂| 36 | 2|10¹⁄₂| 32 | 2|10 | 31 ||
+ Collars for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bobstays || 2|10¹⁄₂| 7 | 2|10¹⁄₂| 6¹⁄₂| 2|10 | 6¹⁄₂ ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bobstays (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 17 | 2| 5¹⁄₄| 17 | 2| 5 | 17 ||
+ Cap Bobstay || 1| 7 | 20 | 1| 7 | 17 | 1| 7 | 17 ||
+ Collar for Cap || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bobstay || 1| 7 | 3¹⁄₂| 1| 7 | 3¹⁄₂| 1| 7 | 3 ||
+ Lanyard for Cap || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bobstay (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 8¹⁄₂| 1| 3¹⁄₂| 8¹⁄₂| 1| 3¹⁄₂| 8¹⁄₂ ||
+ Manropes || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 18 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 18 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 18 ||
+ Bumkin Braces || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Iron for all || | | | | | | | | ||
+ vessels) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ SPRIT-SAIL YARD || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Parrel || 1| 5 | 10 | 1| 5 | 10 | 1| 5 | 9 ||
+ Tye || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 16 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 16 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 16 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 31 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 30 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 108 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 106 | 2| 3¹⁄₄|103 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ JIB-BOOM GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Jib Stay || 1| 8 | 45 | 1| 8 | 44 | 1| 8 | 43 ||
+ Jib Guys (pairs) || 2| 6 | 75 | 2| 6 | 72 | 2| 6 | 72 ||
+ Jib Falls || 4| 3 | 40 | 4| 3 | 40 | 4| 3 | 40 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4 | 18 | 2| 4 | 18 | 2| 4 | 18 ||
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 8 | 10 | 1| 8 | 9 | 1| 8 | 8 ||
+ Martingale || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backropes (pair) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 20 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 17 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 17 ||
+ Martingale Falls || 2| 3 | 16 | 2| 3 | 16 | 2| 3 | 16 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3³⁄₄| 70 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 70 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 64 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 3 | 42 | 1| 3 | 40 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 35 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 80 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 70 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 62 ||
+ Pendants || 2| 6 | 8 | 2| 6 | 8 | 2| 6 | 7 ||
+ Brails || 2| 2³⁄₄| 68 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 57 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FLYING JIB-BOOM || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Flying-Jib Stay || 1| 5 | 52 | 1| 5 | 50 | 1| 5 | 47 ||
+ Flying-Jib Guys || 2| 4 | 52 | 2| 4 | 50 | 2| 4 | 44 ||
+ Flying-Jib Falls || 2| 3 | 24 | 2| 3 | 24 | 2| 3 | 24 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3 | 11 | 2| 3 | 10 | 2| 3 | 10 ||
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 5 | 24 | 1| 5 | 20 | 1| 5 | 20 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 60 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 58 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 53 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2³⁄₄| 46 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 46 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 39 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 5³⁄₄| 52 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 50 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 46 ||
+ Heel-rope || 1| 3 | 34 | 1| 3 | 32 | 1| 3 | 30 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE-MAST AND || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2|10¹⁄₂| 10 | 2|10¹⁄₂| 10 | 2|10 | 10 ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 10|10¹⁄₂| 124} | 10|10¹⁄₂| 120} | 10|10 | 114} ||
+ [42] || | | 134} | | | 134} | | | 119} ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 20| 5¹⁄₄| 200 | 20| 5¹⁄₄| 160 | 20| 5 | 160 ||
+ Stays || 2|15 | 40 | 2|15 | 40 | 2|14¹⁄₂| 38 ||
+ Collars for Stays|| 2| 9 | 19 | 2| 9 | 18 | 2| 9 | 18 ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || 12| 6¹⁄₂| 30 | 12| 6¹⁄₂| 30 | 12| 6¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ go over Cap)— || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Chain for all || | | | | | | | | ||
+ vessels || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Slings, Preventer|| 1|12 | 11 | 1|12 | 10 | 1|11 | 10 ||
+ Lanyard for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Slings || 1| 5 | 21 | 1| 5 | 21 | 1| 4³⁄₄| 21 ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Falls || 2| 4 | 118 | 2| 4 | 114 | 2| 4 | 94 ||
+ Runner || 1| 8 | 14 | 1| 8 | 14 | 1| 8 | 14 ||
+ Falls for Runner || 1| 4 | 45 | 1| 4 | 45 | 1| 4 | 39 ||
+ Jeer Falls || 2| 5³⁄₄| 130 | 2| 5³⁄₄| 130 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 108 ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (reefing) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 17 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 16 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 16 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 5 | 18 | 2| 5 | 17 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 17 ||
+ Stirrups || 8| 3¹⁄₄| 8 | 8| 3¹⁄₄| 8 | 6| 3 | 6 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (hide) || 2| 7 | 22 | 2| 7 | 20 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 19 ||
+ Falls for Truss || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 52 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 50 | 2| 3 | 48 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 90 | 2| 5¹⁄₄| 80 | 2| 5 | 78 ||
+ Braces || 2| 4³⁄₄| 154 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 150 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 154 ||
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 80 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 80 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 68 ||
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 84 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 84 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 72 ||
+ Clew Garnets || 2| 4 | 84 | 2| 4 | 80 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 74 ||
+ Bowlines || 2| 4 | 64 | 2| 4 | 62 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 60 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 11 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 10 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 10 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 54 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 52 | 2| 3 | 48 ||
+ Bunt-line Whips || 2| 3 | 52 | 2| 3 | 48 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Leech-lines || 4| 3 | 110 | 4| 3 | 110 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 10 ||
+ After Leech-lines|| 4| 3 | 100 | 4| 3 | 100 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 84 ||
+ Slab-lines || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 22 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 22 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 21 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2³⁄₄| 86 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 80 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 70 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 36 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 36 | 2| 3 | 36 ||
+ Boom Jiggers || 2| 2³⁄₄| 42 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 40 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and out) || 2| 3 | 66 | 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 3 | 58 ||
+ Bunt Whip || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 23 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 23 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 21 ||
+ Fore Storm Stay || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sail Stay || 1| 9 | 15 | 1| 9 | 14 | 1| 8¹⁄₂| 13 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3³⁄₄| 39 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 36 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2³⁄₄| 21 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 20 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || 2| 4 | 98 | 2| 4 | 96 | 2| 4 | 84 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Inner || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 3 | 54 | 2| 3 | 50 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Sheets || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 32 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 32 | 2| 4 | 30 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Outhaul || 2| 4 | 58 | 2| 4 | 56 | 2| 4 | 50 ||
+ Swinging-boom || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 44 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 40 | 2| 5¹⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Falls and Lizard || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Topping-lifts|| 2| 3¹⁄₂| 108 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 104 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 100 ||
+ After Guys || 2| 3³⁄₄| 76 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 70 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 66 ||
+ Forward Guys || 2| 3³⁄₄| 128 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 120 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 108 ||
+ Gear Tricing- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 3 | 44 | 2| 3 | 42 | 2| 3 | 42 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP-MAST & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 6| 7 | 123 | 6| 7 | 23 | 6| 7 | 123 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 12| 3¹⁄₂| 84 | 12| 3¹⁄₂| 84 | 12| 3¹⁄₂| 84 ||
+ Stays || 2| 9¹⁄₂| 70 | 2| 9¹⁄₂| 65 | 2| 9¹⁄₂| 64 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 2| 8 | 82 | 2| 8 | 80 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 78 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 3³⁄₄| 52 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 52 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 2| 10 | 88 | 2|10 | 86 | 2|10 | 84 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 5 | 40 | 4| 5 | 40 | 4| 5 | 40 ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 4 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 4 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 4 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 176 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 170 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 158 ||
+ Runners || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Top Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 9 | 53 | 2| 9 | 52 | 2| 9 | 45 ||
+ Top Tackle Falls || 2| 5 | 160 | 2| 5 | 150 | 2| 5 | 130 ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4 | 15 | 2| 4 | 15 | 2| 4 | 12 ||
+ Stirrups || 6| 3 | 6 | 6| 3 | 6 | 6| 3 | 6 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 3 | 6 | 2| 3 | 6 | 2| 3 | 6 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 7 | 6 | 1| 7 | 6 | 1| 7 | 6 ||
+ Top-sail Ties || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || 2| 7 | 38 | 2| 7 | 36 | 2| 7 | 36 ||
+ Halliards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tyes || 2| 4 | 120 | 2| 4 | 116 | 2| 4 | 98 ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 3 | 18 | 1| 3 | 18 | 1| 3 | 18 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 7 | 36 | 2| 7 | 34 | 2| 7 | 34 ||
+ Braces || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 118 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 116 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 113 ||
+ Stay-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3 | 68 | 1| 3 | 68 | 1| 3 | 68 ||
+ Stay-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Stay-sail Sheets || 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 3 | 60 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 82 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 80 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 71 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 3³⁄₄| 96 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 95 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 88 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 72 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 70 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 64 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 3³⁄₄| 71 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 70 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 65 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 4³⁄₄| 15 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 14 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 79 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 78 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 74 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 102 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 96 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 92 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 3 | 24 | 2| 3 | 24 | 2| 3 | 24 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 4 | 11 | 1| 4 | 10 | 1| 4 | 10 ||
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ runner || 1| 3 | 30 | 1| 3 | 30 | 1| 3 | 30 ||
+ Boom Tricing- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 30 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 26 | 2| 2 | 26 ||
+ Studding-s’l || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 4 | 104 | 2| 4 | 100 | 2| 4 | 96 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 94 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 86 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 80 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 56 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 48 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhauls || 2| 3 | 70 | 2| 3 | 68 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boom Brace || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 4 | 40 | 2| 4 | 40 | 2| 4 | 40 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP-GAL’NT || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 5 | 66 | 2| 5 | 64 | 2| 5 | 63 ||
+ Stay || 1| 5 | 46 | 1| 5 | 45 | 1| 5 | 41 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 1| 5 | 52 | 1| 5 | 51 | 1| 5 | 49 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 6 | 56 | 1| 6 | 54 | 1| 6 | 51 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 58 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 58 | 1| 6 | 52 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 5³⁄₄| 12 | 1| 5³⁄₄| 12 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 12 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3 | 9 | 2| 3 | 9 | 2| 3 | 8¹⁄₂||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 4 | 3 | 1| 4 | 3 | 1| 4 | 3 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3³⁄₄| 52 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 50 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 50 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2³⁄₄| 128 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 120 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 116 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 57 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 56 | 1| 3 | 52 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 66 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 65 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 90 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 84 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 81 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 96 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 94 | 2| 2 | 88 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 2³⁄₄| 48 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 48 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 44 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || 1| 2³⁄₄| 22 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 21 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2³⁄₄| 29 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 26 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 24 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds || 2| 3 | 94 | 2| 3 | 88 | 2| 3 | 84 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 32 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 28 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 27 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 2³⁄₄| 64 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 58 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 54 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 4 | 38 | 1| 4 | 38 | 1| 4 | 37 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 2 | 10 | 2| 2 | 10 | 2| 2 | 10 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 58 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 57 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 4 | 62 | 1| 4 | 60 | 1| 4 | 57 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 3³⁄₄| 62 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 60 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 58 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3 | 58 | 2| 3 | 56 | 2| 3 | 52 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2³⁄₄| 104 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 106 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 86 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 37 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 33 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 32 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 44 | 2| 3 | 40 | 2| 3 | 40 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 48 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 46 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 114 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 110 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 101 ||
+ Bunt-line || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 27 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 25 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2 | 30 | 1| 2 | 30 | 1| 2 | 28 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3³⁄₄| 63 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 60 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 53 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 45 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 45 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 39 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 3 | 68 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 3 | 56 ||
+ Peak Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs of) || 2| 2 | 88 | 2| 2 | 80 | 2| 2 | 78 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 44 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 42 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Middle Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 3 | 38 | 1| 3 | 36 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Foot Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs of) || 1| 3 | 44 | 1| 3 | 40 | 1| 3 | 40 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4 | 91 | 2| 4 | 90 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 85 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN-MAST AND || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2|10¹⁄₂| 11 | 2|10¹⁄₂| 10¹⁄₂| 2|10 | 10 ||
+ || | | Warps.| | | | | | ||
+ || | | 111} | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 11|10¹⁄₂| 113} | 10|10¹⁄₂| 142} | 10|10 | 127} ||
+ || | | 88} | | | 147} | | | 133} ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds || 22| 5¹⁄₄| 220 | 20| 5¹⁄₄| 200 | 20| 5 | 170 ||
+ Stays || 2|15 | 55 | 2|15 | 54 | 2|14¹⁄₂| 50 ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || 12| 6¹⁄₂| 39 | 12| 6¹⁄₂| 36 | 12| 6 | 30 ||
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ go over Cap)— || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Chain for all || | | | | | | | | ||
+ vessels || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Slings, Preventer|| 1|12 | 12 | 1|12 | 11 | 1|11¹⁄₂| 10 ||
+ Lanyard for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Slings (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 1| 5 | 22 | 1| 5 | 22 | 1| 4³⁄₄| 21 ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Falls[43] || 2| 4 | 120 | 2| 4 | 114 | 2| 4 | 108 ||
+ Runner || 1| 8 | 24 | 1| 8 | 23 | 1| 8 | 22 ||
+ Falls for Runner || 1| 4 | 59 | 1| 4 | 59 | 1| 4 | 59 ||
+ Jeer Falls || 2| 5³⁄₄| 140 | 2| 5³⁄₄| 136 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 130 ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (reefing) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 18 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 18 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 18 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 20 | 2| 5¹⁄₄| 19 | 2| 5 | 19 ||
+ Stirrups || 8| 3¹⁄₄| 8 | 8| 3¹⁄₄| 8 | 6| 3 | 6 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (hide) || 2| 7 | 23 | 2| 7 | 22 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 21 ||
+ Falls for Truss || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 53 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 52 | 2| 3 | 50 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 102 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 86 | 2| 5¹⁄₄| 80 ||
+ Braces || 2| 4³⁄₄| 180 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 180 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 180 ||
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 90 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 82 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 70 ||
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 94 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 86 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 74 ||
+ Clew Garnets || 2| 4 | 90 | 2| 4 | 84 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 80 ||
+ Runner (for Main || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bow-line) || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 8 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 7 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Whip for Runner || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 18 | 1| 3 | 15 | 1| 3 | 15 ||
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 12 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 12 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 68 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 68 | 2| 3 | 60 ||
+ Bunt-line Whips || 2| 3 | 72 | 2| 3 | 62 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 62 ||
+ Leech-lines || 4| 3 | 128 | 4| 3 | 116 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 112 ||
+ After Leech-lines|| 4| 3 | 108 | 4| 3 | 106 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 98 ||
+ Slab-line || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 23 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 23 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 23 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 3 | 98 | 2| 3 | 96 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 88 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 36 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 36 | 2| 3 | 36 ||
+ Boom Jiggers || 2| 2³⁄₄| 52 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 50 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and out) || 2| 3 | 74 | 2| 3 | 66 | 2| 3 | 62 ||
+ Bunt Whip || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 27 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 26 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-MAST & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 6| 7 | 135 | 6| 7 | 130 | 6| 7 | 131 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 12| 3¹⁄₂| 96 | 12| 3¹⁄₂| 84 | 12| 3¹⁄₂| 84 ||
+ Stays || 2| 9¹⁄₂| 69 | 2| 9¹⁄₂| 64 | 2| 9¹⁄₂| 62 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 2| 8 | 92 | 2| 8 | 88 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 86 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 3³⁄₄| 52 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 52 | 4| 3¹⁄₂| 52 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 2|10 | 96 | 2|10 | 96 | 2|10 | 92 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 5 | 40 | 4| 5 | 40 | 4| 5 | 40 ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 4 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 4 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 4 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 192 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 180 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 174 ||
+ Runners || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 9 | 58 | 2| 9 | 55 | 2| 9 | 47 ||
+ Top Tackle Falls || 2| 5 | 170 | 2| 5 | 160 | 2| 5 | 145 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4 | 17 | 2| 4 | 16 | 2| 4 | 15 ||
+ Stirrups || 6| 3 | 6 | 6| 3 | 6 | 6| 3 | 6 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 3 | 7 | 2| 3 | 6 | 2| 3 | 6 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 7 | 6 | 1| 7 | 6 | 1| 7 | 6 ||
+ Top-sail Ties || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || 2| 7 | 42 | 2| 7 | 40 | 2| 7 | 40 ||
+ Halliards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tyes || 2| 4 | 134 | 2| 4 | 130 | 2| 4 | 120 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 3 | 20 | 1| 3 | 20 | 1| 3 | 20 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 7 | 38 | 2| 7 | 36 | 2| 7 | 34 ||
+ Braces || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 120 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 120 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 120 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 88 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 82 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 79 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 3³⁄₄| 106 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 104 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 99 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 78 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 76 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 70 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 3³⁄₄| 82 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 74 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 72 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 4³⁄₄| 16 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 15 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 15 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 88 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 80 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 78 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 108 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 104 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 100 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 3 | 24 | 2| 3 | 24 | 2| 3 | 24 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 4 | 11 | 1| 4 | 10 | 1| 4 | 10 ||
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ runner || 1| 3 | 38 | 1| 3 | 35 | 1| 3 | 35 ||
+ Boom Tricing- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 32 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 28 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ Studding-s’l || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 4 | 114 | 2| 4 | 108 | 2| 4 | 104 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 112 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 104 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 98 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 60 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 50 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 50 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Down-hauls || 2| 3 | 74 | 2| 3 | 68 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 67 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 5 | 73 | 2| 5 | 68 | 2| 5 | 67 ||
+ Stay || 1| 5 | 29 | 1| 5 | 27 | 1| 5 | 26 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 5 | 58 | 1| 5 | 57 | 1| 5 | 55 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 6 | 61 | 1| 6 | 60 | 1| 6 | 57 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 64 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 61 | 1| 6 | 58 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 6 | 14 | 1| 5³⁄₄| 14 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 13 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 10 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 10 | 2| 3 | 10 ||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 4 | 3 | 1| 4 | 3 | 1| 4 | 3 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4 | 58 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 56 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3³⁄₄| 118 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 116 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 104 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 61 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 60 | 1| 3 | 59 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 70 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 68 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 66 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 98 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 90 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 88 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 88 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 85 | 2| 2 | 82 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 2³⁄₄| 50 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 50 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Bunt Jigger || 1| 2³⁄₄| 24 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 22 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 22 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2³⁄₄| 31 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 30 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 27 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 104 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 98 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 97 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 33 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 30 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 28 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 3 | 70 | 2| 3 | 64 | 2| 3 | 64 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN ROYAL M’ST &|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 4 | 42 | 1| 4 | 40 | 1| 4 | 40 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 2 | 10 | 2| 2 | 10 | 2| 2 | 10 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 34 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 31 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 4 | 69 | 1| 4 | 68 | 1| 4 | 65 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 3³⁄₄| 71 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 70 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 64 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3 | 62 | 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 3 | 60 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2³⁄₄| 72 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 70 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 64 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 43 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 42 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 37 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 48 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 46 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 53 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 52 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 72 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 64 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 27 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 25 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2 | 34 | 1| 2 | 33 | 1| 2 | 31 ||
+ Main-boom || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Main- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ boom Topping- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lifts || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 63 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 63 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 59 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 48 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 48 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 3 | 68 | 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 3 | 58 ||
+ Peak Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 42 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 38 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 37 ||
+ Throat Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 46 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 43 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Middle Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 38 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 34 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 34 ||
+ Foot Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 3 | 36 | 1| 3 | 34 | 1| 3 | 34 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4 | 62 | 2| 4 | 60 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Boom Tackle for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Reef Pendants for|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Reef Tackle for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN-MAST & CR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ JACK YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 6| 8 | 144 | 6| 8 | 143 | 6| 7¹⁄₂| 136 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 12| 4 | 96 | 12| 4 | 96 | 12| 3³⁄₄| 84 ||
+ Stay || 1| 9¹⁄₂| 19 | 1| 9¹⁄₂| 18 | 1| 9 | 17 ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || 8| 5¹⁄₂| 24 | 8| 5¹⁄₂| 20 | 8| 5¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Slings (Chain for|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ all vessels) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Falls || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 110 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 106 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 90 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 16 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 16 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 14 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 3 | 4 | 4| 3 | 4 | 4| 3 | 4 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || 1| 6 | 8 | 1| 6 | 8 | 1| 6 | 8 ||
+ Fall for Truss || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 1| 3 | 20 | 1| 3 | 20 | 1| 3 | 20 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 26 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 26 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 22 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3 | 88 | 2| 3 | 86 | 2| 3 | 76 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-M’ST & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 4| 5¹⁄₄| 74 | 4| 5¹⁄₄| 69 | 4| 5¹⁄₄| 69 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 8| 2³⁄₄| 56 | 8| 2³⁄₄| 56 | 8| 2³⁄₄| 56 ||
+ Stay || 1| 6 | 15 | 1| 6 | 14 | 1| 6 | 13 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 6 | 38 | 1| 6 | 38 | 1| 6 | 35 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 3 | 20 | 2| 3 | 20 | 2| 3 | 20 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 7¹⁄₂| 39 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 38 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 36 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 3³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂| 2| 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂| 2| 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 3 | 150 | 2| 3 | 150 | 2| 3 | 132 ||
+ Runners || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 7 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 7 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Top Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 1| 6¹⁄₄| 26 | 1| 6¹⁄₄| 26 | 1| 6¹⁄₄| 23 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 11 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 10 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 10 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2³⁄₄| 4 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 4 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 4 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 5 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 5 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 5 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 4 | 1| 5¹⁄₄| 4 | 1| 5¹⁄₄| 4 ||
+ Top-sail Tye (all|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 15 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 14 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 13 ||
+ Halliards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tye || 1| 3 | 56 | 1| 3 | 55 | 1| 3 | 50 ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2³⁄₄| 15 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 15 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 15 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4 | 31 | 2| 4 | 30 | 2| 4 | 29 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2³⁄₄| 96 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 96 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 84 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 5 | 52 | 2| 5 | 50 | 2| 5 | 46 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 3 | 82 | 2| 3 | 78 | 2| 3 | 76 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2³⁄₄| 58 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 52 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 50 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 3 | 64 | 2| 3 | 58 | 2| 3 | 55 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 12 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 12 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 68 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 88 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 82 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 78 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 10 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 9 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 9 ||
+ Jigger-fall for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 17 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 16 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 16 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. TOP-GALL’NT || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 58 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 55 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 53 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 17 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 15 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 15 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 47 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 46 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 43 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2 | 20 | 2| 2 | 20 | 2| 2 | 20 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 49 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 48 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 4 | 53 | 1| 4 | 52 | 1| 4 | 47 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 3³⁄₄| 12 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 11 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 10 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 2 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 2 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 3 | 2 | 1| 3 | 2 | 1| 3 | 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3 | 48 | 2| 3 | 44 | 2| 3 | 44 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 78 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 76 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 72 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 48 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 45 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 56 | 2| 3 | 54 | 2| 3 | 49 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 66 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 78 | 2| 2 | 76 | 2| 2 | 72 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 2 | 22 | 1| 2 | 21 | 1| 2 | 19 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 1³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || 1| 1³⁄₄| 20 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 19 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1³⁄₄| 25 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 24 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 21 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST &|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 3 | 35 | 1| 3 | 34 | 1| 3 | 32 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 1³⁄₄| 12 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 12 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Stay || 1| 2³⁄₄| 22 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 21 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 3 | 56 | 1| 3 | 54 | 1| 3 | 50 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 3 | 57 | 1| 3 | 56 | 1| 3 | 52 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 5 | 2| 2 | 5 | 2| 2 | 5 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1 | 2 | 1| 1 | 2 | 1| 1 | 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2³⁄₄| 53 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 52 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 46 ||
+ Braces || 2| 1³⁄₄| 60 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 50 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 46 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2 | 33 | 1| 2 | 30 | 1| 2 | 29 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 38 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 36 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1³⁄₄| 42 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 40 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 40 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 56 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 48 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 23 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 22 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 22 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 29 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 29 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 26 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ SPANKER BOOM AND || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GAFF GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 41 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 40 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Falls for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 3 | 36 | 2| 3 | 36 | 2| 3 | 36 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3 | 11 | 2| 3 | 11 | 2| 3 | 10 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 74 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 70 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Outhauler || 1| 4 | 33 | 1| 4 | 32 | 1| 4 | 31 ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3³⁄₄| 67 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 66 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 64 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 40 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 39 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 3 | 56 | 2| 3 | 55 ||
+ Peak Brails || 2| 2 | 82 | 2| 2 | 80 | 2| 2 | 78 ||
+ Throat Brails || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 45 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 44 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Middle Brails || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 41 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Foot Brails || 1| 3 | 39 | 1| 3 | 38 | 1| 3 | 38 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GAFF TOP-SAIL || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Downhaul || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MISCELLANEOUS || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Lower Yards) || 2| 3³⁄₄| 116 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 116 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 116 ||
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Top-sail Yards) || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 112 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 112 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 112 ||
+ Cleets, Iron, for|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tops || 36| — | — | 36| — | — | 36| — | — ||
+ Chain Slings for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Yards || 3| — | — | 3| — | — | 3| — | — ||
+ Chain Slings for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Gaff || 6| — | — | 6| — | — | 6| — | — ||
+ Falls, Cat || 2| 6 | 130 | 2| 6 | 130 | 2| 6 | 125 ||
+ Falls, Fish—the || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sizes and lengths|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ given for Sloops,|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Brigs & Sch. are || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Fish Pend’nts|| 2| 4³⁄₄| 140 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 140 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 135 ||
+ Falls, Stern Boat|| 4| 3¹⁄₄| 120 | 4| 3¹⁄₄| 120 | 4| 3¹⁄₄| 120 ||
+ Falls, Quarter || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boats || 4| 3³⁄₄| 160 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 160 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 160 ||
+ Falls, Waist || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boats || 4| 3³⁄₄| 135 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 135 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 135 ||
+ Falls, Deck || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 65 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 65 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 65 ||
+ Falls, Stock and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bill Tackles || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 ||
+ Falls, Luff || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || 30| 4 | 300 | 30| 4 | 300 | 30| 4 | 300 ||
+ Falls, Stay Luff || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tack. || 4| 4 | 100 | 4| 4 | 100 | 4| 4 | 100 ||
+ Falls, Jiggers || 8| 2³⁄₄| 160 | 8| 2³⁄₄| 160 | 8| 2³⁄₄| 160 ||
+ Fenders, Boat || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Stuffed Leather)|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ —one set for each|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ boat || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Futtock Staves || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Iron) || 18| — | — | 18| — | — | 18| — | — ||
+ Guys, Fish Davit || 4| 8 | 20 | 4| 8 | 20 | 4| 8 | 20 ||
+ Guys, Quarter || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Davit || — | — | chain | | | | | | ||
+ Guys, Waist Davit|| — | — | chain | | | | | | ||
+ Gripes, Launch || 1| 6 | 26 | 1| 6 | 26 | 1| 5³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Girt-lines, Fore || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 96 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 96 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 96 ||
+ Girt-lines, Main || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 108 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 108 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 108 ||
+ Girt-lines, Miz. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 3 | 88 | 2| 3 | 88 | 2| 3 | 88 ||
+ Girt-lines, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hammock || 10| 3¹⁄₄| 640 | 10| 3¹⁄₄| 640 | 8| 3 | 512 ||
+ Hooks, Can (Iron)|| 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Hawse Pend. & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hook || 1| 8 | 18 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 16 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 16 ||
+ Hawse R’pe & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shackle || 1|12 | 20 | 1|11 | 18 | 1|11 | 18 ||
+ Halliards, Signal|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ (set) || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Hooks, Fish (fr || | | | | | | | | ||
+ anch.) || 2| — | — | 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Jacks, Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (sets) || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Lines, Clothes || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Manil.) || 52| 2¹⁄₂|1560 | 52| 2¹⁄₂|1560 | 50| 2¹⁄₂|1500 ||
+ Lines, Tricing, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Ham. || 6| 3¹⁄₄| 144 | 6| 3¹⁄₄| 144 | 6| 3 | 144 ||
+ Nippers (dozens || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of) || 4| — | — | 4| — | — | 4| — | — ||
+ Rungs for Jacob || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Ladders (set) || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Ropes, Buoy || 2| 7 | 40 | 2| 7 | 40 | 2| 7 | 40 ||
+ Ropes, Ridge, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Awnings (set of) || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Ropes, Old (for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lashings)—as much|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ as may be || | | | | | | | | ||
+ required || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Ropes, Back (for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Cat-Blocks) || 2| 3 | 30 | 2| 3 | 30 | 2| 3 | 30 ||
+ Rudder Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and Chains—(as || | | | | | | | | ||
+ may be required) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stoppers, Cat- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head || 2|10 | 7 | 2|10 | 7 | 2| 9¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Stoppers, Ring || 6| 6 | 18 | 6| 6 | 18 | 6| 5³⁄₄| 17 ||
+ Stoppers, Deck || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (chain claw) || 8| — |4 feet.| 8| — | 4 ft. | 8| — | 4 ft. ||
+ Stoppers, Boats || 4| 3¹⁄₂| 32 | 4| 3¹⁄₂| 32 | 4| 3¹⁄₂| 32 ||
+ Stoppers, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Fighting, doz || 3| 5 | 100 | 3| 5 | 100 | 3| 5 | 100 ||
+ Stoppers, Bit || 4|10 | 9 | 4|10 | 9 | 4|10 | 9 ||
+ Strap Selvagees || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (doz.) || 4| — | — | 4| — | — | 4| — | — ||
+ Swabs (dozens) || 4| — | — | 4| — | — | 4| — | — ||
+ Seines || 1| — | 80 | 1| — | 80 | 1| — | 80 ||
+ Shank Painters || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (a part) (Chain) || 2| 9 | 5 | 2| 9 | 5 | 2| 8¹⁄₂| 5 ||
+ Spare, Quarter || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Davit || — | — | chain | | | | | | ||
+ Spare, Waist || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Davit || — | — | chain | | | | | | ||
+ Travelers, iron, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Top-sail Tyes|| 6| — | — | 6| — | — | 6| — | — ||
+ Topping-lifts fr || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Quarter Davits || — | — | chain | | | | | | ||
+ Tackle, Fore-yard|| 2| 4 | 90 | 2| 4 | 90 | 2| 4 | 90 ||
+ Tackle, Pendants || 2| 7 | 8 | 2| 7 | 8 | 2| 7 | 8 ||
+ Tackle, Fore- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stay[44] || 1| 4 | 60 | 1| 4 | 60 | 1| 4 | 60 ||
+ Tackle, Main-yard|| 2| 4 | 108 | 2| 4 | 108 | 2| 4 | 108 ||
+ Tackle, Pendants || 2| 7 | 8 | 2| 7 | 8 | 2| 7 | 8 ||
+ Tackle, Main- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stay[44] || 1| 4 | 60 | 1| 4 | 60 | 1| 4 | 60 ||
+ Triatic Stay || 1| 8 | 20 | 1| 8 | 20 | 1| 8 | 20 ||
+ Quarter and Stay || 1| 4 | 80 | 1| 4 | 80 | 1| 4 | 80 ||
+
+ =================++=================++===================================++
+ || || =Frigates.= ||
+ ++ ++-----------------+-----------------++
+ || || | ||
+ || || | ||
+ =Names || =Razees.= || 1st Class. | 2d Class. ||
+ of ++---+-----+-------++---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------++
+ Rigging.= ||No.|Size.|Length.||No.|Size.|Length.|No.|Size.|Length.||
+ -----------------++---+-----+-------++---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------++
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ BOWSPRIT GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Gammoning (Iron || | | || | | | | | ||
+ for all classes || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of vessels) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 8¹⁄₂| 32 || 2| 8 | 30 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 24 ||
+ Collars for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds || 2| 8¹⁄₂| 7 || 2| 8 | 7 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (four- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 4| 4 | 32 || 4| 3³⁄₄| 34 | 4| 3¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Bobstays (pairs) || 2|10 | 31 || 2|10 | 26 | 2| 9 | 25 ||
+ Collars for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bobstays || 2|10 | 6¹⁄₂|| 2|10 | 6¹⁄₂| 2| 9 | 6 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bobstays (four- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 2| 5 | 17 || 2| 5 | 18 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 18 ||
+ Cap Bobstay || 1| 7 | 17 || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 15 | 1| 6 | 14 ||
+ Collar for Cap || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bobstay || 1| 7 | 3 || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 1| 6 | 2¹⁄₂ ||
+ Lanyard for Cap || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bobstay (four- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 8¹⁄₂|| 1| 3¹⁄₄| 8¹⁄₂| 1| 3 | 8¹⁄₂ ||
+ Manropes || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 17 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 16 | 2| 4 | 15 ||
+ Bumkin Braces || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Iron for all || | | || | | | | | ||
+ vessels) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ SPRIT-SAIL YARD || | | || | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Parrel || 1| 5 | 7 || 1| 4 | 7 | 1| 4 | 6 ||
+ Tye || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 2 || 1| 4 | 2 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 15 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 12 | 2| 3 | 10 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 28 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 26 | 2| 4 | 22 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 103 || 2| 3 | 86 | 2| 3 | 72 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ JIB-BOOM GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Jib Stay || 1| 8 | 42 || 1| 7¹⁄₂| 39 | 1| 7 | 34 ||
+ Jib Guys (pairs) || 2| 6 | 68 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 68 | 2| 5¹⁄₄| 64 ||
+ Jib Falls || 4| 3 | 40 || 4| 2³⁄₄| 40 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 40 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4 | 17 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 16 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 14 ||
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 8 | 8 || 1| 7¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂| 1| 7¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂||
+ Martingale || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backropes (pair) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 17 || 1| 5 | 16 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 15 ||
+ Martingale Falls || 2| 3 | 16 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 16 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 16 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 67 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 62 | 1| 3 | 55 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 36 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 35 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 32 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3³⁄₄| 62 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 68 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Pendants || 2| 5³⁄₄| 7 || 2| 5³⁄₄| 6¹⁄₂| 2| 5¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Brails || 2| 2³⁄₄| 58 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FLYING JIB-BOOM || | | || | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Flying-Jib Stay || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 48 || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 43 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Flying-Jib Guys || 2| 3³⁄₄| 44 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 40 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 34 ||
+ Flying-Jib Falls || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3 | 10 || 2| 3 | 9 | 2| 3 | 8 ||
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 20 || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 18 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 17 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3 | 54 || 1| 3 | 51 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 36 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 34 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 48 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 40 | 2| 3 | 38 ||
+ Heel-rope || 1| 3 | 30 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 30 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FORE-MAST AND || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2|10 | 10 || 2|10 | 10 | 2| 9 | 9 ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 10|10 | 123} || 9|10 | 92} | 8| 9 | 79} ||
+ [42] || | | 128} || | | 116} | | | 82} ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (four- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 20| 5 | 160 || 18| 5 | 153 | 16| 4¹⁄₂| 136 ||
+ Stays || 2|14¹⁄₂| 39 || 2|14 | 4 | 2|12¹⁄₂| 44 ||
+ Collars for Stays|| 2| 8¹⁄₂| 18 || | | | | | ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || 12| 6 | 30 || 10| 5³⁄₄| 25 | 10| 5¹⁄₂| 25 ||
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ go over Cap)— || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Chain for all || | | || | | | | | ||
+ vessels || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Slings, Preventer|| 1|10¹⁄₂| 10 || 1|10 | 9 | 1| 9 | 9 ||
+ Lanyard for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Slings || 1| 4³⁄₄| 21 || 1| 4³⁄₄| 1 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Falls || 2| 3³⁄₄| 98 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 98 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 88 ||
+ Runner || 1| 7 | 14 || 1| 7 | 14 | 1| 7 | 13 ||
+ Falls for Runner || 1| 3³⁄₄| 39 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 42 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Jeer Falls || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 112 || 2| 5 | 104 | 2| 5 | 84 ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (reefing) || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 16 || 2| 3 | 14 | 2| 3 | 13 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4³⁄₄| 17 || 2| 4³⁄₄| 15 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Stirrups || 6| 3 | 6 || 6| 3 | 6 | 6| 2³⁄₄| 6 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (hide) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 19 || 2| 6¹⁄₄| 18 | —— Pat. —— ||
+ Falls for Truss || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 3 | 50 || 2| 3 | 48 | | | ||
+ Lifts || 2| 5 | 80 || 2| 4³⁄₄| 70 | 2| 5¹⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Braces || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 156 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 148 | 2| 4 | 145 ||
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 70 || 2| 6 | 66 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 62 ||
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 74 || 2| 6 | 68 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 64 ||
+ Clew Garnets || 2| 3³⁄₄| 78 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 64 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Bowlines || 2| 3³⁄₄| 60 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 56 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 10 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 9 | 2| 4 | 9 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 2| 3 | 50 || 2| 3 | 40 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Bunt-line Whips || 2| 2³⁄₄| 46 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 40 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Leech-lines || 4| 2³⁄₄| 108 || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 104 | 4| 2¹⁄₄| 88 ||
+ After Leech-lines|| 4| 2³⁄₄| 88 || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 80 | 4| 2¹⁄₄| 72 ||
+ Slab-lines || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 22 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 20 | 1| 2 | 18 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 72 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 62 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 3 | 36 || 2| 3 | 30 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Boom Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 36 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 34 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | || | | | | | ||
+ and out) || 2| 3 | 60 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 56 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 52 ||
+ Bunt Whip || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 22 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 20 | 1| 2 | 18 ||
+ Fore Storm Stay || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Sail Stay || 1| 8¹⁄₂| 14 || 1| 8 | 13 | 1| 7 | 11 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 36 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 33 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 29 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2³⁄₄| 18 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 18 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 16 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || 2| 3³⁄₄| 88 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 92 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 82 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Inner || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 3 | 52 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 52 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 48 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Sheets || 2| 3³⁄₄| 30 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 30 | 2| 3 | 28 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Outhaul || 2| 3³⁄₄| 50 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 52 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 48 ||
+ Swinging-boom || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 5 | 40 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 38 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Falls and Lizard || | | || | | | | | ||
+ for Topping-lifts|| 2| 3¹⁄₄| 100 || 2| 3 | 94 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 90 ||
+ After Guys || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 66 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Forward Guys || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 108 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 106 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 94 ||
+ Gear Tricing- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 3 | 42 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 40 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 36 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP-MAST & || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 6| 6¹⁄₂| 123 ||???| ??? | 86 | 5| 5¹⁄₂| 82 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 12| 3¹⁄₄| 84 || 10| 3 | 70 | 10| 2³⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Stays || 2| 9¹⁄₂| 65 || 2| 9 | 62 | 2| 8¹⁄₂| 54 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 2| 7¹⁄₂| 81 || 2| 7 | 72 | 2| 7 | 64 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 3³⁄₄| 52 || 4| 3¹⁄₂| 52 | 4| 3¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 2|10 | 86 || 2| 9¹⁄₂| 78 | 2| 9 | 68 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 5 | 40 || 4| 4³⁄₄| 40 | 4| 4¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 4 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 4 | 2| 4 | 3 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 162 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 150 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 134 ||
+ Runners || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 8 || 2| 4 | 7 | 2| 4 | 7 ||
+ Top Tackle || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 9 | 47 || 2| 8¹⁄₂| 44 | 2| 8 | 40 ||
+ Top Tackle Falls || 2| 4³⁄₄| 135 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 130 | 2| 4 | 116 ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4 | 12 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 13 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 11 ||
+ Stirrups || 6| 3 | 6 || 6| 2³⁄₄| 6 | 6| 2¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 3 | 6 || 2| 3 | 5 | 2| 3 | 5 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 7 | 6 || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 5 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂||
+ Top-sail Ties || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || 2| 7 | 36 || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 31 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Halliards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tyes || 2| 4 | 106 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 105 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 90 ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 3 | 18 || 1| 3 | 16 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 15 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 34 || 2| 6 | 31 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 29 ||
+ Braces || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 113 || 2| 4 | 104 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 94 ||
+ Stay-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3 | 70 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 65 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 65 ||
+ Stay-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 42 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 38 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Stay-sail Sheets || 2| 3 | 62 || 2| 3 | 58 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 56 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 6¹⁄₄| 72 || 2| 6 | 68 | 2| 5³⁄₄| 64 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 90 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 80 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 74 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 64 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 50 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 67 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 62 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 4³⁄₄| 14 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 12 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 11 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 74 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 66 | 2| 3 | 60 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 94 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 86 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 80 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 3 | 24 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 4 | 10 || 1| 4 | 8 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ runner || 1| 3 | 30 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 25 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 22 ||
+ Boom Tricing- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 2 | 26 || 2| 2 | 22 | 2| 2 | 20 ||
+ Studding-s’l || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 3³⁄₄| 100 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 92 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 82 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 84 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 84 | 2| 3 | 79 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 47 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 46 | 2| 3 | 42 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Downhauls || 2| 2³⁄₄| 62 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Boom Brace || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 50 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 50 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 4 | 40 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 35 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 35 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP-GAL’NT || | | || | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR.|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 5 | 63 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 56 | 2| 4 | 52 ||
+ Stay || 1| 5 | 42 || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 39 | 1| 4 | 35 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 1| 5 | 50 || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 46 | 1| 4 | 42 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 20 | 2| 2 | 20 ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 6 | 53 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 48 | 1| 5 | 44 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 5³⁄₄| 54 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 49 | 1| 5¹⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 12 || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 10¹⁄₂| 1| 4³⁄₄| 9¹⁄₂||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 8¹⁄₂|| 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 2 || 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 4 | 3 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 3 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 3 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 50 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 44 | 2| 3 | 42 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 118 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 112 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 102 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3 | 53 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 48 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 62 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 56 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 50 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 83 || 2| 2 | 78 | 2| 2 | 74 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 88 || 2| 2 | 84 | 2| 2 | 74 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 44 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 40 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 24 || 2| 2 | 20 | 2| 2 | 20 ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 20 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 18 | 1| 2 | 17 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 25 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 24 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 22 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds || 2| 3 | 86 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 84 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 74 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 27 || 2| 3 | 24 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 22 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 54 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 54 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 46 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST || | | || | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 4 | 37 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 32 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 2 | 10 || 2| 2 | 8 | 2| 2 | 8 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3 | 53 || 1| 3 | 46 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 40 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 4 | 60 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 54 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 50 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 60 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 54 | 1| 3 | 48 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 6 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 52 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 48 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 44 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 86 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 78 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 68 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 33 || 1| 2 | 30 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 28 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 40 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 38 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 46 || 2| 2 | 42 | 2| 2 | 40 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 103 || 2| 2 | 100 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 82 ||
+ Bunt-line || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 24 || 1| 2 | 22 | 1| 2 | 20 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2 | 29 || 1| 2 | 26 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 24 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || | | || | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 56 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 58 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 42 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 38 | 1| 3 | 34 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 3 | 58 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Peak Brails || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pairs of) || 2| 2 | 78 || 2| 2 | 74 | 2| 2 | 64 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 40 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 38 | 1| 3 | 36 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Middle Brails || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 36 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 32 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Foot Brails || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pairs of) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 40 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 34 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 32 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 85 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 78 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 66 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN-MAST AND || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2|10 | 10 || 2|10 | 10 | 2| 9 | 9 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 10|10 | 135} || 10|10 | 122} | 9| 9 | 86} ||
+ || | | 141} || | | 132} | | | 113} ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds || 20| 5 | 170 || 20| 5 | 170 | 18| 4¹⁄₂| 153 ||
+ Stays || 2|14¹⁄₂| 51 || 2|14 | 51 | 2|12¹⁄₂| 44 ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || 12| 6 | 30 || 10| 5³⁄₄| 25 | 10| 5¹⁄₂| 25 ||
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ go over Cap)— || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Chain for all || | | || | | | | | ||
+ vessels || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Slings, Preventer|| 1|11¹⁄₂| 10 || 1|10 | 9¹⁄₂| 1|10 | 9 ||
+ Lanyard for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Slings (four- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 1| 4³⁄₄| 21 || 1| 4³⁄₄| 20 | 1| 4³⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Falls[43] || 2| 3³⁄₄| 112 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 104 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 90 ||
+ Runner || 1| 7 | 22 || 1| 7 | 18 | 1| 7 | 16 ||
+ Falls for Runner || 1| 3³⁄₄| 59 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 44 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 40 ||
+ Jeer Falls || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 134 || 2| 5 | 110 | 2| 5 | 90 ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (reefing) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 18 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 15 | 2| 3 | 14 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 5 | 19 || 2| 4³⁄₄| 16 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 15¹⁄₂||
+ Stirrups || 6| 3 | 6 || 6| 3 | 6 | 6| 2³⁄₄| 6 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (hide) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 21 || 2| 6¹⁄₄| 18 | —— Pat. —— ||
+ Falls for Truss || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 3 | 52 || 2| 3 | 54 | —— Pat. —— ||
+ Lifts || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 82 || 2| 5 | 78 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 58 ||
+ Braces || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 180 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 168 | 2| 4 | 150 ||
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 72 || 2| 6 | 70 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 58 ||
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 76 || 2| 6 | 74 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 62 ||
+ Clew Garnets || 2| 3³⁄₄| 84 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 74 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 64 ||
+ Runner (for Main || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bow-line) || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 7 || 1| 4 | 6 | 1| 4 | 6 ||
+ Whip for Runner || 1| 3 | 15 || 1| 3 | 15 | 1| 3 | 14 ||
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 12 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 10 | 2| 4 | 9¹⁄₂||
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 2| 3 | 62 || 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Bunt-line Whips || 2| 2³⁄₄| 62 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 62 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58 ||
+ Leech-lines || 4| 2³⁄₄| 116 || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 108 | 4| 2¹⁄₄| 96 ||
+ After Leech-lines|| 4| 2³⁄₄| 100 || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 84 | 4| 2¹⁄₄| 80 ||
+ Slab-line || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 23 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 21 | 1| 2 | 20 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2³⁄₄| 92 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 80 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 72 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 3 | 36 || 2| 3 | 34 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Boom Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 44 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 40 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 32 ||
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | || | | | | | ||
+ and out) || 2| 3 | 64 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Bunt Whip || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 27 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 22 | 11| 2 | 18 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-MAST & || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 6| 6¹⁄₂| 131 || 5| 6 | 100 | 5| 5¹⁄₂| 88 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 12| 3¹⁄₄| 84 || 10| 3 | 70 | 10| 2³⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Stays || 2| 9¹⁄₂| 63 || 2| 9 | 61 | 2| 8¹⁄₂| 53 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 2| 7¹⁄₂| 88 || 2| 7 | 80 | 2| 7 | 72 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 3¹⁄₂| 52 || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 52 | 4| 3¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 2|10 | 94 || 2| 9¹⁄₂| 86 | 2| 9 | 76 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 5 | 40 || 4| 4³⁄₄| 40 | 4| 4¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 4 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 4 | 2| 4 | 3¹⁄₂||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 178 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 162 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 146 ||
+ Runners || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 8 || 2| 4 | 7 | 2| 4 | 7 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top Tackle || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 9 | 50 || 2| 8¹⁄₂| 48 | 2| 8 | 41 ||
+ Top Tackle Falls || 2| 4³⁄₄| 150 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 142 | 2| 4 | 122 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4 | 15 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 14 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 12 ||
+ Stirrups || 6| 3 | 6 || 6| 2³⁄₄| 6 | 6| 2¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 3 | 6 || 2| 3 | 6 | 2| 3 | 5 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 7 | 6 || 1| 6³⁄₄| 5 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂||
+ Top-sail Ties || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || 2| 7 | 40 || 2| 6³⁄₄| 36 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 32 ||
+ Halliards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tyes || 2| 4 | 124 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 122 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 100 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 3 | 20 || 1| 3 | 18 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 16 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 34 || 2| 6 | 31 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Braces || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 122 || 2| 4 | 100 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 100 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 6¹⁄₄| 81 || 2| 6 | 78 | 2| 5³⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 3³⁄₄| 102 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 90 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 80 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 70 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 64 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 58 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 3³⁄₄| 74 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 68 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 4³⁄₄| 15 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 13 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 80 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 76 | 2| 3 | 68 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 104 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 96 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 82 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 3 | 24 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 4 | 10 || 1| 4 | 9 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 9 ||
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ runner || 1| 3 | 35 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 28 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 26 ||
+ Boom Tricing- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 28 || 2| 2 | 24 | 2| 2 | 22 ||
+ Studding-s’l || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 4 | 108 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 98 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 88 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 102 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 94 | 2| 3 | 84 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 50 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 48 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 46 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Down-hauls || 2| 2³⁄₄| 68 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 60 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT || | | || | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 5 | 67 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 4 | 56 ||
+ Stay || 1| 5 | 26 || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 24 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 22 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 56 || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 50 | 1| 4 | 46 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 6 | 59 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 53 | 1| 5 | 48 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 5³⁄₄| 60 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 53 | 1| 5¹⁄₄| 48 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 13 || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 12 | 1| 4³⁄₄| 11 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3 | 10 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 9 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 9 ||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 2 || 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 4 | 3 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 3 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 3 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 56 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 50 | 2| 3 | 46 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 106 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 100 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 88 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 3 | 60 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 56 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 48 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 68 || 2| 4 | 64 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 56 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 90 || 2| 2 | 84 | 2| 2 | 78 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 83 || 2| 2 | 78 | 2| 2 | 68 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 42 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 24 || 2| 2 | 20 | 2| 2 | 20 ||
+ Bunt Jigger || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 22 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 21 | 1| 2 | 19 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 26 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 98 || 2| 3 | 92 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 80 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 30 || 2| 3 | 28 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 3 | 64 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 50 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN ROYAL M’ST &|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 4 | 40 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 36 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 32 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 2 | 10 || 2| 2 | 8 | 2| 2 | 8 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 30 || 1| 3 | 28 | 1| 3 | 25 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 4 | 67 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 60 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 54 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 66 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 62 | 1| 3 | 54 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 6 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 54 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 38 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 35 | 1| 2 | 32 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 44 || 2| 3 | 42 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 50 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 48 | 2| 2 | 44 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 64 || 2| 2 | 60 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 2 | 27 || 1| 2 | 24 | 1| 2 | 22 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2 | 32 || 1| 2 | 29 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Main-boom || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Main- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ boom Topping- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || | | || | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 63 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 48 | 1| 3 | 40 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 46 || 1| 3 | 43 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 3 | 60 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Peak Brails || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 38 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 36 | 1| 2 | 34 ||
+ Throat Brails || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 43 || 1| 3 | 38 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Middle Brails || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 34 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 32 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Foot Brails || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 34 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 34 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 28 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 54 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 44 ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Boom Tackle for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Reef Pendants for|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Reef Tackle for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN-MAST & CR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ JACK YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 6| 7¹⁄₂| 136 || 6| 7 | 136 | 5| 6¹⁄₂| 98 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 12| 3³⁄₄| 84 || 12| 3¹⁄₂| 84 | 10| 3¹⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Stay || 1| 9 | 18 || 1| 9 | 17 | 1| 8 | 16 ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || 8| 5¹⁄₂| 20 || 8| 5¹⁄₄| 20 | —— Iron —— ||
+ Slings (Chain for|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ all vessels) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Falls || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 94 || 2| 3 | 92 | 2| 3 | 74 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 14 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 12 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 11 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 3 | 4 || 4| 3 | 4 | 4| 3 | 4 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || 1| 6 | 8 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 7 | —— Pat. —— ||
+ Fall for Truss || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 1| 3 | 20 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 20 | | | ||
+ Lifts || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 22 || 2| 5 | 20 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 6 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3 | 80 || 2| 3 | 68 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 62 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-M’ST & || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 4| 5¹⁄₄| 69 || 4| 5 | 62 | 4| 4¹⁄₂| 54 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 8| 2³⁄₄| 56 || 8| 2¹⁄₂| 56 | 8| 2¹⁄₄| 56 ||
+ Stay || 1| 6 | 13 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 12 | 1| 5 | 12 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 6 | 36 || 1| 5³⁄₄| 32 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 3 | 20 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 7¹⁄₂| 38 || 1| 7¹⁄₄| 34 | 1| 7 | 30 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 3³⁄₄| 20 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂|| 2| 3 | 3 | 2| 3 | 3 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 2³⁄₄| 140 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 130 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 118 ||
+ Runners || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 7 || 2| 3 | 7 | 2| 3 | 7 ||
+ Top Tackle || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 1| 6¹⁄₄| 25 || 1| 6 | 22 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 19 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 10 || 2| 3 | 9 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2³⁄₄| 4 || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 4| 2¹⁄₄| 4 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 5 || 2| 2 | 4 | 2| 2 | 3 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 4 || 1| 5 | 3 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 3 ||
+ Top-sail Tye (all|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 13 || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 13 | 1| 5 | 13 ||
+ Halliards for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tye || 1| 3 | 52 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 49 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2³⁄₄| 15 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 14 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 13 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4 | 29 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 27 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 22 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2³⁄₄| 86 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 80 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 5 | 48 || 2| 4³⁄₄| 46 | 2| 4 | 40 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 3 | 78 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 72 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 62 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2³⁄₄| 52 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 3 | 57 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 54 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 12 || 2| 3 | 10 | 2| 3 | 9 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 60 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 80 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 74 | 2| 2 | 66 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 9 || 1| 3 | 8 | 1| 3 | 7 ||
+ Jigger-fall for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 16 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 14 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 14 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. TOP-GALL’NT || | | || | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 53 || 2| 3 | 46 | 2| 3 | 41 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 15 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 14 | 1| 3 | 13 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 44 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 40 | 1| 3 | 36 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2 | 20 || 2| 2 | 20 | 2| 2 | 18 ||
+ Standing || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 46 || 1| 4 | 43 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 4 | 48 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 43 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 38 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 3³⁄₄| 10 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 9 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 6 | 2| 2 | 6 ||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 2 || 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 3 | 2 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3 | 44 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 38 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 36 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 74 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 68 | 2| 2 | 60 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 43 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 42 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 34 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 50 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 49 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 58 || 2| 2 | 50 | 2| 2 | 46 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 74 || 2| 1³⁄₄| 64 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 2 | 19 || 1| 2 | 18 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 16 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 1³⁄₄| 20 || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || 1| 1³⁄₄| 18 || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 16 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1³⁄₄| 22 || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 22 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 20 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST &|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 3 | 32 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 27 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 25 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 1³⁄₄| 12 || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Stay || 1| 2³⁄₄| 20 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 19 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 17 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 3 | 52 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 48 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 3 | 54 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 50 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 43 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 5 || 2| 2 | 5 | 2| 2 | 4 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1 | 2 || 1| 1 | 2 | 1| 1 | 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2³⁄₄| 48 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 42 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Braces || 2| 1³⁄₄| 46 || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 46 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2 | 30 || 1| 2 | 28 | 1| 2 | 25 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 36 || 2| 2 | 30 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 28 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1³⁄₄| 40 || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 38 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 34 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 44 || 2| 1 | 46 | 2| 1 | 42 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 22 || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 18 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 16 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 27 || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 24 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 22 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ SPANKER BOOM AND || | | || | | | | | ||
+ GAFF GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 40 || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 38 | 2| 5 | 32 ||
+ Falls for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 3 | 36 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 34 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3 | 10 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 10 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 70 || 2| 3 | 58 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 56 ||
+ Outhauler || 1| 4 | 31 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 30 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 24 ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3³⁄₄| 66 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 60 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 47 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 39 || 1| 3 | 37 | 1| 3 | 30 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 3 | 56 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 48 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Peak Brails || 2| 2 | 79 || 2| 2 | 76 | 2| 2 | 72 ||
+ Throat Brails || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 43 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 38 | 1| 3 | 36 ||
+ Middle Brails || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 34 | 1| 2 | 30 ||
+ Foot Brails || 1| 3 | 38 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 36 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 34 ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ GAFF TOP-SAIL || | | || | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Downhaul || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MISCELLANEOUS || | | || | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Lower Yards) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 116 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 112 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 108 ||
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Top-sail Yards) || 2| 3 | 112 || 2| 3 | 108 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 108 ||
+ Cleets, Iron, for|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tops || 36| — | — || 36| — | — | 36| — | — ||
+ Chain Slings for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Yards || 3| — | — || 3| — | — | 3| — | — ||
+ Chain Slings for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Gaff || 6| — | — || 6| — | — | 6| — | — ||
+ Falls, Cat || 2| 5³⁄₄| 125 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 120 | 2| 5 | 100 ||
+ Falls, Fish—the || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sizes and lengths|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ given for Sloops,|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Brigs & Sch. are || | | || | | | | | ||
+ for Fish Pend’nts|| 2| 4¹⁄₂| 135 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 120 | 2| 4 | 120 ||
+ Falls, Stern Boat|| 4| 3 | 116 || 4| 3 | 112 | 2| 3 | 52 ||
+ Falls, Quarter || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Boats || 4| 3³⁄₄| 160 || 4| 3¹⁄₂| 150 | 4| 3¹⁄₄| 140 ||
+ Falls, Waist || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Boats || 4| 3¹⁄₂| 132 || 4| 3¹⁄₂| 132 | | | ||
+ Falls, Deck || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || 1| 4 | 62 || 1| 4 | 62 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Falls, Stock and || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bill Tackles || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 58 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 58 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 56 ||
+ Falls, Luff || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || 30| 3³⁄₄| 300 || 30| 3³⁄₄| 300 | 28| 3¹⁄₂| 280 ||
+ Falls, Stay Luff || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tack. || 4| 3³⁄₄| 100 || 4| 3³⁄₄| 100 | 4| 3¹⁄₂| 100 ||
+ Falls, Jiggers || 8| 2³⁄₄| 160 || 8| 2³⁄₄| 160 | 8| 2¹⁄₂| 160 ||
+ Fenders, Boat || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Stuffed Leather)|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ —one set for each|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ boat || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Futtock Staves || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Iron) || 18| — | — || 18| — | — | 18| — | — ||
+ Guys, Fish Davit || 4| 7¹⁄₂| 20 || 4| 7¹⁄₂| 20 | 4| 7 | 18 ||
+ Guys, Quarter || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Davit || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Guys, Waist Davit|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Gripes, Launch || 1| 5³⁄₄| 25 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 24 | 1| 5¹⁄₄| 23 ||
+ Girt-lines, Fore || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 96 || 2| 3 | 90 | 2| 3 | 85 ||
+ Girt-lines, Main || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 108 || 2| 3 | 104 | 2| 3 | 100 ||
+ Girt-lines, Miz. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 3 | 88 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 86 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 84 ||
+ Girt-lines, || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Hammock || 8| 3 | 512 || 6| 3 | 360 | 5| 3 | 325 ||
+ Hooks, Can (Iron)|| 2| 2 | 2 || 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Hawse Pend. & || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Hook || 1| 7 | 15 || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 14 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 13 ||
+ Hawse R’pe & || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Shackle || 1|10 | 17 || 1|10 | 16 | 1| 9 | 15 ||
+ Halliards, Signal|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ (set) || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Hooks, Fish (fr || | | || | | | | | ||
+ anch.) || 2| — | — || 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Jacks, Iron || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (sets) || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Lines, Clothes || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Manil.) || 48| 2¹⁄₄|1440 || 44| 2¹⁄₄|1230 | 40| 2¹⁄₄|1100 ||
+ Lines, Tricing, || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Ham. || 6| 3 | 144 || 6| 3 | 132 | 6| 3 | 125 ||
+ Nippers (dozens || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of) || 3| — | — || 3| — | — | 3| — | — ||
+ Rungs for Jacob || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Ladders (set) || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Ropes, Buoy || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 40 || 2| 6 | 40 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Ropes, Ridge, || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Awnings (set of) || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Ropes, Old (for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lashings)—as much|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ as may be || | | || | | | | | ||
+ required || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Ropes, Back (for || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Cat-Blocks) || 2| 3 | 25 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 25 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 25 ||
+ Rudder Pendants || | | || | | | | | ||
+ and Chains—(as || | | || | | | | | ||
+ may be required) || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Stoppers, Cat- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ head || 2| 9¹⁄₂| 6 || 2| 9 | 6 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Stoppers, Ring || 6| 5¹⁄₂| 17 || 6| 5¹⁄₄| 16 | 4| 5 | 14 ||
+ Stoppers, Deck || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (chain claw) || 8| — | 4 ft. || 8| — | 4 ft. | 6| — | 4 ft. ||
+ Stoppers, Boats || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 32 || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 32 | 4| 3¹⁄₄| 28 ||
+ Stoppers, || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Fighting, doz || 3| 5 | 100 || 3| 4³⁄₄| 100 | 3| 4¹⁄₂| 100 ||
+ Stoppers, Bit || 4| 9¹⁄₂| 9 || 4| 9¹⁄₂| 9 | 4| 8¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Strap Selvagees || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (doz.) || 3| — | — || 3| — | — | 3| — | — ||
+ Swabs (dozens) || 3| — | — || 3| — | — | 3| — | — ||
+ Seines || 1| — | 70 || 1| — | 60 | 1| — | 50 ||
+ Shank Painters || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (a part) (Chain) || 2| 8¹⁄₂| 4 || 2| 8 | 4 | 2| 6 | 4 ||
+ Spare, Quarter || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Davit || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Spare, Waist || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Davit || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Travelers, iron, || | | || | | | | | ||
+ for Top-sail Tyes|| 6| — | — || 6| — | — | 6| — | — ||
+ Topping-lifts fr || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Quarter Davits || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tackle, Fore-yard|| 2| 4 | 90 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 88 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 84 ||
+ Tackle, Pendants || 2| 7 | 8 || 2| 6³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂||
+ Tackle, Fore- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ stay[44] || 1| 4 | 60 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 55 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Tackle, Main-yard|| 2| 4 | 108 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 102 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 100 ||
+ Tackle, Pendants || 2| 7 | 8 || 2| 6³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂||
+ Tackle, Main- || | | || | | | | | ||
+ stay[44] || 1| 4 | 60 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 55 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Triatic Stay || 1| 7¹⁄₂| 20 || 1| 7¹⁄₂| 19 | 1| 7 | 18 ||
+ Quarter and Stay || 1| 4 | 80 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 78 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 70 ||
+
+ =================++=====================================================++
+ || =Sloops.= ||
+ ++-----------------+-----------------+-----------------++
+ || | | ||
+ || | | ||
+ =Names || 1st Class. | 2d Class. | 3d Class. ||
+ of ++---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------++
+ Rigging.= ||No.|Size.|Length.|No.|Size.|Length.|No.|Size.|Length.||
+ -----------------++---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------+---+-----+-------++
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ BOWSPRIT GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Gammoning (Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for all classes || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of vessels) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 1| 7 | 12 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 11 | 1| 6 | 10 ||
+ Collars for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds || 1| 7 | 3 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 1| 6 | 2¹⁄₂||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 2| 3 | 12 | 2| 3 | 12 | 2| 3 | 12 ||
+ Bobstays (pairs) || 2| 8 | 20 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 18 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 18 ||
+ Collars for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bobstays || 2| 8 | 5 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 5 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 5 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bobstays (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 2| 4 | 14 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 12 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Cap Bobstay || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 12 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 11 | 1| 5 | 11 ||
+ Collar for Cap || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bobstay || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 2¹⁄₂| 1| 5¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 5 | 2 ||
+ Lanyard for Cap || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bobstay (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 7 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 6 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Manropes || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 12 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 12 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 11 ||
+ Bumkin Braces || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Iron for all || | | | | | | | | ||
+ vessels) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ SPRIT-SAIL YARD || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Parrel || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 5 | 1| 3 | 5 | 1| 3 | 5 ||
+ Tye || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 2 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 2 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 2 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 18 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 16 | 2| 3 | 15 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3 | 62 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 58 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 54 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ JIB-BOOM GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Jib Stay || 1| 6 | 28 | 1| 6 | 28 | 1| 5¹⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Jib Guys (pairs) || 2| 5 | 48 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 44 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Jib Falls || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 36 | 4| 2¹⁄₂| 32 | 4| 2¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 12 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 10 | 2| 3 | 9 ||
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 6¹⁄₂| 1| 6 | 6¹⁄₂| 1| 5¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Martingale || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backropes (pair) || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 14 | 1| 4 | 13 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 12 ||
+ Martingale Falls || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 14 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 12 | 2| 2 | 12 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 46 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 44 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 28 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 26 | 1| 2 | 24 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 56 | 2| 3 | 50 | 2| 3 | 44 ||
+ Pendants || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 5 | 2| 5 | 5 | 2| 5 | 5 ||
+ Brails || 2| 2 | 46 | 2| 2 | 44 | 2| 2 | 42 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FLYING JIB-BOOM || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Flying-Jib Stay || 1| 4 | 34 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 32 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Flying-Jib Guys || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 30 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 30 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 28 ||
+ Flying-Jib Falls || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 16 | 2| 2 | 14 | 2| 2 | 14 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 4 | 15 | 1| 4 | 13 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 39 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 37 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 37 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2 | 30 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 30 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 30 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 30 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ Heel-rope || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 20 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 20 | 1| 2 | 19 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE-MAST AND || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2| 8 | 8 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 6| 8 | 104 | 6| 7¹⁄₂| 102 | 5| 7¹⁄₂| 80 ||
+ [42] || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 12| 4 | 96 | 12| 3³⁄₄| 90 | 10| 3³⁄₄| 75 ||
+ Stays || 2|10¹⁄₂| 38 | 2|10 | 34 | 2| 9¹⁄₂| 32 ||
+ Collars for Stays|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || —— Iron —— | —— Iron —— | —— I’n —— ||
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ go over Cap)— || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Chain for all || | | | | | | | | ||
+ vessels || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Slings, Preventer|| 1| 8 | 8 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 7 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Lanyard for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Slings || 1| 4 | 16 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 15 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 15 ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Falls || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 78 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 72 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Runner || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Runner || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jeer Falls || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (reefing) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 11 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 10 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 10 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4 | 12 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 11 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 11 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2³⁄₄| 4 | 4| 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 4| 2¹⁄₂| 4 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (hide) || —— Pat. —— | —— Pat. —— | —— P’t —— ||
+ Falls for Truss || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 42 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 38 | 2| 5¹⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3³⁄₄| 108 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 100 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 90 ||
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 5 | 48 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 44 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 5 | 50 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 46 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 44 ||
+ Clew Garnets || 2| 3 | 52 | 2| 3 | 42 | 2| 3 | 42 ||
+ Bowlines || 2| 3 | 46 | 2| 3 | 44 | 2| 3 | 40 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 3³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 32 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 31 | 2| 2 | 30 ||
+ Bunt-line Whips || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 34 | 2| 2 | 30 | 2| 2 | 30 ||
+ Leech-lines || 4| 2 | 72 | 4| 2 | 72 | 4| 2 | 72 ||
+ After Leech-lines|| 4| 2 | 60 | 4| 2 | 56 | 4| 2 | 54 ||
+ Slab-lines || 1| 2 | 15 | 1| 2 | 14 | 1| 2 | 13 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2 | 50 | 2| 2 | 50 | 2| 2 | 50 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24 ||
+ Boom Jiggers || 2| 2 | 24 | 2| 2 | 24 | 2| 2 | 24 ||
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and out) || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 46 | 2| 2 | 40 | 2| 2 | 38 ||
+ Bunt Whip || 1| 2 | 14 | 1| 2 | 14 | 1| 2 | 14 ||
+ Fore Storm Stay || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sail Stay || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 9 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 9 | 1| 6 | 8¹⁄₂||
+ Halliards || 1| 3 | 25 | 1| 3 | 24 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 14 | 1| 2 | 13 | 1| 2 | 12 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 66 | 2| 3 | 64 | 2| 3 | 62 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Inner || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 40 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 34 | 2| 2 | 32 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Sheets || 2| 3 | 26 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 26 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Outhaul || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 34 | 2| 3 | 32 | 2| 3 | 31 ||
+ Swinging-boom || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 4 | 32 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 30 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Falls and Lizard || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Topping-lifts|| 2| 2¹⁄₂| 76 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 74 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 73 ||
+ After Guys || 2| 3 | 50 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 44 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Forward Guys || 2| 3 | 78 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 72 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Gear Tricing- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 30 | 2| 2 | 28 | 2| 2 | 27 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP-MAST & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 4| 4¹⁄₂| 58 | 4| 4¹⁄₄| 57 | 3| 4¹⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 8| 2¹⁄₄| 56 | 8| 2¹⁄₄| 56 | 6| 2¹⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Stays || 2| 7¹⁄₂| 45 | 2| 7 | 44 | 2| 7 | 43 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 1| 7 | 28 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 27 | 1| 6 | 26 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 24 | 2| 3 | 22 | 2| 3 | 21 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 2| 8 | 60 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 58 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 4 | 36 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 36 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 3 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 3 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 3 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 3 | 112 | 2| 3 | 104 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 100 ||
+ Runners || 2| 3³⁄₄| 6 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 6 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 6 ||
+ Top Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 35 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 32 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 18 ||
+ Top Tackle Falls || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 9 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 9 | 2| 3 | 9 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 4 | 4| 2 | 4 | 4| 2 | 4 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 4 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 6 | 4¹⁄₂| 1| 5¹⁄₂| 4 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 4 ||
+ Top-sail Ties || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || 2| 6 | 23 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 22 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 22 ||
+ Halliards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tyes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 82 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 70 | 2| 3 | 68 ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 14 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 13 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 12 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 5 | 26 | 2| 5 | 25 | 2| 5 | 24 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 78 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 74 | 2| 3 | 72 ||
+ Stay-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 60 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 60 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Stay-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2 | 34 | 1| 2 | 32 | 1| 2 | 32 ||
+ Stay-sail Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 52 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 54 | 2| 5 | 48 | 2| 5 | 46 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 3 | 62 | 2| 3 | 60 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 59 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 3 | 48 | 2| 3 | 44 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 3 | 50 | 2| 3 | 46 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 4 | 10 | 2| 4 | 10 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 10 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 2³⁄₄| 56 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 48 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2 | 66 | 2| 2 | 62 | 2| 2 | 60 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 22 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 18 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 3 | 7 | 1| 3 | 6 | 1| 3 | 6 ||
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ runner || 1| 2 | 18 | 1| 2 | 16 | 1| 2 | 16 ||
+ Boom Tricing- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Studding-s’l || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 68 | 2| 3 | 64 | 2| 3 | 63 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 3 | 62 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 56 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 40 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 38 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 37 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhauls || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 42 | 2| 2 | 41 | 2| 2 | 40 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boom Brace || 2| 3 | 40 | 2| 3 | 40 | 2| 3 | 40 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 30 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 30 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP-GAL’NT || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 44 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 42 | 2| 3 | 41 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 31 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 30 | 1| 3 | 29 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 37 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 35 | 1| 3 | 33 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2 | 16 | 2| 2 | 14 | 2| 2 | 14 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 4¹⁄₂| 39 | 1| 4 | 37 | 1| 4 | 36 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 41 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 36 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 35 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 4 | 8¹⁄₂| 1| 3³⁄₄| 8 | 1| 3³⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 7 ||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 3 | 2¹⁄₂| 1| 3 | 2 | 1| 3 | 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2³⁄₄| 36 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 34 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 33 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 80 | 2| 2 | 75 | 2| 2 | 74 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 35 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 32 | 1| 2 | 30 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 46 | 2| 3 | 42 | 2| 3 | 41 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1³⁄₄| 60 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 56 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 54 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1³⁄₄| 62 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 58 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 54 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 17 | 1| 2 | 15 | 1| 2 | 14 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 1³⁄₄| 16 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 15 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 14 ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || 1| 1³⁄₄| 16 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 15 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 15 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2 | 20 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 19 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 62 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 56 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 20 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 2 | 38 | 2| 2 | 37 | 2| 2 | 36 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 3 | 28 | 1| 3 | 26 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 24 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 1¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Stay || 1| 2³⁄₄| 34 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 34 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 33 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 3 | 42 | 1| 3 | 41 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 2³⁄₄| 43 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 38 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 5 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 5 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 5 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 40 | 2| 2 | 36 | 2| 2 | 35 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 56 | 2| 2 | 52 | 2| 2 | 50 ||
+ Halliards || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 28 | 2| 2 | 27 | 2| 2 | 26 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 32 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 30 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 72 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 72 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 68 ||
+ Bunt-line || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 22 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 21 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 20 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3 | 31 | 1| 3 | 30 | 1| 3 | 29 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 30 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 28 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 46 | 2| 2 | 44 | 2| 2 | 43 ||
+ Peak Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs of) || 1| 2 | 31 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 30 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 34 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 28 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 28 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Middle Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 2 | 28 | 1| 2 | 26 | 1| 2 | 26 ||
+ Foot Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs of) || 1| 2 | 28 | 1| 2 | 26 | 1| 2 | 26 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 54 | 2| 3 | 50 | 2| 3 | 46 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN-MAST AND || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2| 8 | 9 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 7| 8 | 140 | 7| 7¹⁄₂| 129 | 6| 7¹⁄₂| 108 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds || 14| 4 | 112 | 14| 3³⁄₄| 112 | 12| 3³⁄₄| 96 ||
+ Stays || 2|10¹⁄₂| 40 | 2|10 | 36 | 2| 9¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || —— Iron —— | —— Iron —— | —— I’n —— ||
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ go over Cap)— || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Chain for all || | | | | | | | | ||
+ vessels || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Slings, Preventer|| 1| 8 | 8 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 8 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Lanyard for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Slings (four- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stranded) || 1| 4 | 16 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 15 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 15 ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Falls[43] || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 84 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 80 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 74 ||
+ Runner || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Runner || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jeer Falls || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Jackstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (reefing) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 13 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 11 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 11 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 14 | 2| 4 | 13 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 13 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2³⁄₄| 4 | 4| 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 4| 2¹⁄₂| 4 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (hide) || —— Pat. —— | —— Pat. —— | —— P’t. —— ||
+ Falls for Truss || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 48 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 46 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 44 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3³⁄₄| 100 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 100 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 92 ||
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 5 | 50 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 44 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 5 | 54 | 2| 4³⁄₄| 46 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 46 ||
+ Clew Garnets || 2| 3 | 58 | 2| 3 | 52 | 2| 3 | 52 ||
+ Runner (for Main || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bow-line) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 6 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 5 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 5 ||
+ Whip for Runner || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 14 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 13 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 13 ||
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 3³⁄₄| 9 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 9 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 9 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 44 | 2| 2 | 43 ||
+ Bunt-line Whips || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 50 | 2| 2 | 48 | 2| 2 | 46 ||
+ Leech-lines || 4| 2 | 88 | 4| 2 | 80 | 4| 2 | 79 ||
+ After Leech-lines|| 4| 2 | 68 | 4| 2 | 64 | 4| 2 | 62 ||
+ Slab-line || 1| 2 | 17 | 1| 2 | 16 | 1| 2 | 15 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 60 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 56 | 2| 2 | 56 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 23 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 23 ||
+ Boom Jiggers || 2| 2 | 28 | 2| 2 | 27 | 2| 2 | 27 ||
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and out) || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 50 | 2| 2 | 44 | 2| 2 | 43 ||
+ Bunt Whip || 1| 2 | 16 | 1| 2 | 15 | 1| 2 | 15 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-MAST & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 4| 4¹⁄₂| 62 | 4| 4¹⁄₄| 60 | 3| 4¹⁄₄| 47 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 8| 2¹⁄₄| 56 | 8| 2¹⁄₄| 56 | 6| 2¹⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Stays || 2| 7¹⁄₂| 39 | 2| 7 | 37 | 2| 7 | 36 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (prs) || 1| 7 | 31 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 30 | 1| 6 | 29 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 24 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 22 | 2| 3 | 22 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 2| 8 | 67 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 64 | 2| 7¹⁄₂| 63 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 4| 4 | 36 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 36 | 4| 3³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 3 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 3 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 3 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 3 | 128 | 2| 3 | 120 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 112 ||
+ Runners || 2| 3³⁄₄| 6 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 6 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 6 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 38 | 2| 6¹⁄₂| 34 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Top Tackle Falls || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 11 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 10 | 2| 3 | 10 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 4 | 4| 2 | 4 | 4| 2 | 4 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 4 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 4 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 6 | 4 | 1| 6 | 4 | 1| 6 | 4 ||
+ Top-sail Ties || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || 2| 6 | 25 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 24 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 23 ||
+ Halliards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tyes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 90 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 80 | 2| 3 | 76 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 14 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 13 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 12 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 5 | 28 | 2| 5 | 27 | 2| 5 | 26 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 92 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 90 | 2| 3 | 88 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 58 | 2| 5 | 54 | 2| 5 | 50 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 3 | 70 | 2| 3 | 66 | 2| 3 | 64 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 3 | 50 | 2| 3 | 44 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 43 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 3 | 54 | 2| 3 | 48 | 2| 3 | 47 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 4 | 10 | 2| 4 | 10 | 2| 3³⁄₄| 9 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 55 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2 | 76 | 2| 2 | 64 | 2| 2 | 60 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 22 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 21 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 3 | 7 | 1| 3 | 7 | 1| 3 | 7 ||
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ runner || 1| 2 | 20 | 1| 2 | 19 | 1| 2 | 18 ||
+ Boom Tricing- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 20 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 20 ||
+ Studding-s’l || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 74 | 2| 3 | 70 | 2| 3 | 68 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 3 | 72 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 64 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 62 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 44 | 2| 3 | 40 | 2| 3 | 39 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Down-hauls || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 50 | 2| 2 | 48 | 2| 2 | 46 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 48 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 46 | 2| 3 | 45 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3³⁄₄| 19 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 18 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 17 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 40 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 38 | 1| 3 | 36 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2 | 16 | 2| 2 | 15 | 2| 2 | 15 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 42 | 1| 4 | 39 | 1| 4 | 38 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 43 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 40 | 1| 4¹⁄₄| 39 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 9 | 1| 4 | 9 | 1| 4 | 9 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 8 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 7 ||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 3 | 2 | 1| 3 | 2 | 1| 3 | 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2³⁄₄| 40 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 38 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 36 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 76 | 2| 2 | 66 | 2| 2 | 65 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 40 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 38 | 1| 2 | 36 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 50 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 46 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 66 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 58 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 55 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 64 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 56 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 53 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 18 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 16 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 16 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 1³⁄₄| 16 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 16 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 15 ||
+ Bunt Jigger || 1| 1³⁄₄| 17 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 15 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 15 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 2 | 22 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 20 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 19 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 2³⁄₄| 70 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 22 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 20 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 2 | 42 | 2| 2 | 40 | 2| 2 | 38 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN ROYAL M’ST &|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 3 | 30 | 1| 3 | 27 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 1³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Stay || 1| 2³⁄₄| 23 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 20 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 19 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 48 | 1| 3 | 42 | 1| 3 | 42 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 2³⁄₄| 46 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 43 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 5 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 5 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 5 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 2 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 42 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 38 | 2| 2 | 37 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 42 | 2| 2 | 39 | 2| 2 | 37 ||
+ Halliards || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 34 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 32 | 2| 2 | 30 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 38 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 36 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 44 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 42 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 23 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 22 | 1| 1¹⁄₂| 21 ||
+ Main-boom || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Main- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ boom Topping- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lifts || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 34 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 31 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 33 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 31 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 2 | 48 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 46 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Peak Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2 | 32 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 30 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 28 ||
+ Throat Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 32 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 30 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ Middle Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2 | 28 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 26 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Foot Brails || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2 | 26 | 1| 2 | 24 | 1| 2 | 22 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 34 | 2| 3 | 32 | 2| 3 | 31 ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Boom Tackle for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Reef Pendants for|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Reef Tackle for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN-MAST & CR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ JACK YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 5| 6 | 86 | 5| 5¹⁄₂| 78 | 5| 5¹⁄₂| 76 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 10| 3 | 70 | 10| 2³⁄₄| 70 | 10| 2³⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Stay || 1| 7³⁄₄| 13 | 1| 7¹⁄₂| 13 | 1| 7¹⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || —— Iron —— | —— Iron —— | —— I’n —— ||
+ Slings (Chain for|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ all vessels) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Falls || 2| 2³⁄₄| 68 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 62 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3 | 10 | 2| 3 | 9 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 9 ||
+ Stirrups || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (all hide) || —— Pat. —— | —— Pat. —— | —— P’t. —— ||
+ Fall for Truss || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 15 | 2| 4 | 15 | 2| 4 | 15 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2³⁄₄| 54 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 52 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-M’ST & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 3| 4¹⁄₂| 38 | 3| 4¹⁄₄| 34 | 3| 4 | 34 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 6| 2¹⁄₄| 39 | 6| 2¹⁄₄| 36 | 6| 2 | 36 ||
+ Stay || 1| 4³⁄₄| 10 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 9 | 1| 4¹⁄₂| 9 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 25 | 1| 5 | 23 | 1| 5 | 22 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 16 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 16 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 16 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 6³⁄₄| 28 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 26 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 25 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 3 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 3 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 3 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 98 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 88 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 86 ||
+ Runners || 2| 3 | 6 | 2| 3 | 6 | 2| 3 | 6 ||
+ Top Tackle || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 18 | 1| 5 | 17 | 1| 5 | 16 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2 | 4 | 4| 2 | 4 | 4| 2 | 4 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2 | 3 | 2| 2 | 3 | 2| 2 | 3 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 4 | 3 | 1| 4 | 3 | 1| 4 | 3 ||
+ Top-sail Tye (all|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 9 | 1| 5¹⁄₄| 8 | 1| 5¹⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Halliards for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Tye || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 33 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 30 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 29 ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2 | 12 | 1| 2 | 12 | 1| 2 | 12 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 21 | 2| 3 | 20 | 2| 3 | 19 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 58 | 2| 2 | 56 | 2| 2 | 54 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3³⁄₄| 38 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 36 | 2| 3¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 52 | 2| 2 | 48 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 38 | 2| 2 | 36 | 2| 2 | 36 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 42 | 2| 2 | 38 | 2| 2 | 36 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 2 | 50 | 2| 2 | 48 | 2| 2 | 46 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2 | 56 | 2| 2 | 52 | 2| 2 | 50 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2 | 16 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 14 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 3 | 6 | 1| 3 | 6 | 1| 3 | 6 ||
+ Jigger-fall for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 12 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 12 | 1| 2 | 12 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. TOP-GALL’NT || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 39 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 34 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 33 ||
+ Stay || 1| 2³⁄₄| 11 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 10 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 10 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 32 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 29 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 27 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 14 | 2| 1¹⁄₂| 14 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Standing || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 34 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 31 | 1| 3¹⁄₄| 29 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 33 | 1| 3 | 32 | 1| 3 | 30 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 3 | 7 | 1| 3 | 7 | 1| 3 | 7 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 5 | 2| 2 | 5 | 2| 2 | 5 ||
+ Stirrups || 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 2 | 2 | 1| 2 | 2 | 1| 2 | 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 32 | 2| 2 | 27 | 2| 2 | 26 ||
+ Braces || 2| 1³⁄₄| 50 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 46 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2 | 29 | 1| 2 | 28 | 1| 2 | 26 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 38 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 36 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 35 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1³⁄₄| 44 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 42 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 40 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 50 | 2| 1 | 48 | 2| 1 | 48 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 14 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 12 | 1| 1¹⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 16 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 14 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || 1| 1 | 12 | 1| 1 | 10 | 1| 1 | 10 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1 | 18 | 1| 1 | 16 | 1| 1 | 15 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST &|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 24 | 1| 2 | 19 | 1| 2 | 19 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 1 | 8 | 2| 1 | 8 | 2| 1 | 8 ||
+ Stay || 1| 2 | 14 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 13 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 38 | 1| 2 | 34 | 1| 2 | 31 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 38 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 34 | 1| 2¹⁄₄| 32 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 4 | 2| 2 | 4 | 2| 2 | 4 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1 | 2 | 1| 1 | 2 | 1| 1 | 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2 | 36 | 2| 2 | 32 | 2| 2 | 30 ||
+ Braces || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 32 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 30 | 2| 1¹⁄₄| 28 ||
+ Halliards || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 1³⁄₄| 24 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 22 | 2| 1³⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1 | 28 | 2| 1 | 26 | 2| 1 | 24 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1 | 30 | 2| 1 | 28 | 2| 1 | 28 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1 | 20 | 1| 1 | 18 | 1| 1 | 16 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ SPANKER BOOM AND || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GAFF GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 4³⁄₄| 28 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 27 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 25 ||
+ Falls for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 28 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 26 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 7 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 7 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2³⁄₄| 52 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 ||
+ Outhauler || 1| 3 | 18 | 1| 3 | 17 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 17 ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3 | 38 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 36 | 1| 2³⁄₄| 35 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 27 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 23 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 23 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 44 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 21 | 2| 2¹⁄₄| 21 ||
+ Peak Brails || 2| 1³⁄₄| 64 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 30 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Throat Brails || 1| 2³⁄₄| 32 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 | 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ Middle Brails || 1| 2 | 28 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 26 | 1| 1³⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Foot Brails || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 26 | 1| 2 | 24 | 1| 2 | 22 ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GAFF TOP-SAIL || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Downhaul || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MISCELLANEOUS || | | | | | | | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Lower Yards) || 2| 3 | 106 | 2| 3 | 100 | 2| 3 | 100 ||
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Top-sail Yards) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 96 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 90 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 90 ||
+ Cleets, Iron, for|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tops || 30| — | — | 30| — | — | 30| — | — ||
+ Chain Slings for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-sail Yards || 3| — | — | 3| — | — | 3| — | — ||
+ Chain Slings for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Gaff || 6| — | — | 6| — | — | 6| — | — ||
+ Falls, Cat || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 95 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 90 | 2| 4¹⁄₄| 90 ||
+ Falls, Fish—the || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sizes and lengths|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ given for Sloops,|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Brigs & Sch. are || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Fish Pend’nts|| 2| 6 | 8 | 2| 5³⁄₄| 8 | 2| 5³⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Falls, Stern Boat|| 2| 2³⁄₄| 48 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 46 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 46 ||
+ Falls, Quarter || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boats || 4| 3 | 135 | 4| 3 | 130 | 4| 3 | 130 ||
+ Falls, Waist || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boats || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Falls, Deck || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || 1| 3³⁄₄| 58 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 56 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Falls, Stock and || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bill Tackles || 2| 3 | 52 | 2| 3 | 48 | 2| 3 | 48 ||
+ Falls, Luff || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || 24| 3¹⁄₄| 240 | 24 3¹⁄₄| 240 | 24| 3¹⁄₄| 240 ||
+ Falls, Stay Luff || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tack. || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 100 | 4| 3¹⁄₄| 100 | 4| 3¹⁄₄| 100 ||
+ Falls, Jiggers || 8| 2¹⁄₂| 160 | 8| 2¹⁄₂| 160 | 8| 2¹⁄₂| 160 ||
+ Fenders, Boat || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Stuffed Leather)|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ —one set for each|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ boat || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Futtock Staves || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Iron) || 18| — | — | 18| — | — | 18| — | — ||
+ Guys, Fish Davit || — | — | Cr’s Davit | — | — | — | — ||
+ Guys, Quarter || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Davit || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Guys, Waist Davit|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Gripes, Launch || 1| 5 | 22 | 1| 4³⁄₄| 21 | 1| 4³⁄₄| 21 ||
+ Girt-lines, Fore || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 2³⁄₄| 80 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 76 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 76 ||
+ Girt-lines, Main || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 2³⁄₄| 96 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 92 | 2| 2³⁄₄| 92 ||
+ Girt-lines, Miz. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 80 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 78 | 2| 2¹⁄₂| 78 ||
+ Girt-lines, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hammock || 4| 2³⁄₄| 200 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 180 | 4| 2³⁄₄| 180 ||
+ Hooks, Can (Iron)|| 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 | 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Hawse Pend. & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hook || 1| 6 | 10 | 1| 5¹⁄₂| 9 | 1| 5 | 8 ||
+ Hawse R’pe & || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Shackle || 1| 8 | 11 | 1| 8 | 10 | 1| 7 | 9 ||
+ Halliards, Signal|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ (set) || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Hooks, Fish (fr || | | | | | | | | ||
+ anch.) || 2| — | — | 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Jacks, Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (sets) || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Lines, Clothes || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Manil.) || 34| 2 | 900 | 30| 2 | 750 | 30| 2 | 750 ||
+ Lines, Tricing, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Ham. || 6| 2³⁄₄| 120 | 6| 2³⁄₄| 120 | 6| 2³⁄₄| 120 ||
+ Nippers (dozens || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of) || 2| — | — | 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Rungs for Jacob || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Ladders (set) || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Ropes, Buoy || 2| 5 | 40 | 2| 5 | 40 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Ropes, Ridge, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Awnings (set of) || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Ropes, Old (for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lashings)—as much|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ as may be || | | | | | | | | ||
+ required || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Ropes, Back (for || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Cat-Blocks) || 2| 2 | 20 | 2| 2 | 20 | 2| 2 | 20 ||
+ Rudder Pendants || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and Chains—(as || | | | | | | | | ||
+ may be required) || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stoppers, Cat- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head || 2| 6¹⁄₄| 5 | 2| 6 | 5 | 2| 6 | 5 ||
+ Stoppers, Ring || 4| 4³⁄₄| 12 | 4| 4¹⁄₂| 10 | 2| 4¹⁄₂| 10 ||
+ Stoppers, Deck || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (chain claw) || 4| — | 4 ft. | 4| — | 4 ft. | 4| — | 4 ft. ||
+ Stoppers, Boats || 4| 3 | 26 | 4| 3 | 24 | 4| 3 | 24 ||
+ Stoppers, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Fighting, doz ||2¹⁄₂ 4 | 80 |2¹⁄₂ 4 | 80 |2¹⁄₂ 4 | 80 ||
+ Stoppers, Bit || 3| 7¹⁄₂| 8 | 3| 7 | 7 | 3| 7 | 7 ||
+ Strap Selvagees || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (doz.) || 2| — | — | 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Swabs (dozens) || 2| — | — | 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Seines || 1| — | 40 | 1| — | 40 | 1| — | 40 ||
+ Shank Painters || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (a part) (Chain) || 2| 5³⁄₄| 3 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 3 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 3 ||
+ Spare, Quarter || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Davit || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Spare, Waist || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Davit || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Travelers, iron, || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Top-sail Tyes|| 6| — | — | 6| — | — | 6| — | — ||
+ Topping-lifts fr || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Quarter Davits || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackle, Fore-yard|| 2| 3¹⁄₂| 76 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 72 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 70 ||
+ Tackle, Pendants || 2| 6 | 6 | 2| 5³⁄₄| 6 | 2| 5 | 6 ||
+ Tackle, Fore- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stay[44] || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 50 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 48 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Tackle, Main-yard|| 2| 3¹⁄₂| 86 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 84 | 2| 3¹⁄₄| 84 ||
+ Tackle, Pendants || 2| 6 | 6 | 2| 5³⁄₄| 6 | 2| 5¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Tackle, Main- || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stay[44] || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 50 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 48 | 1| 3¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Triatic Stay || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 18 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 18 | 1| 6¹⁄₂| 18 ||
+ Quarter and Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 65 | 1| 3 | 62 | 1| 3 | 62 ||
+
+ =================++=================++=================++
+ || || ||
+ ++ || ||
+ || || ||
+ || || ||
+ =Names || =Brigs.= || =Brigantines.= ||
+ of ++---+-----+-------++---+-----+-------++
+ Rigging.= ||No.|Size.|Length.||No.|Size.|Length.||
+ -----------------++---+-----+-------++---+-----+-------++
+ || | | || | | ||
+ BOWSPRIT GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Gammoning (Iron || | | || | | ||
+ for all classes || | | || | | ||
+ of vessels) || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 7 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Collars for || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds || 1| 5 | 2¹⁄₂|| 1| 4³⁄₄| 2¹⁄₂||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (four- || | | || | | ||
+ stranded) || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 14 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 10 ||
+ Bobstays (pairs) || 2| 6 | 14 || 2| 6 | 14 ||
+ Collars for || | | || | | ||
+ Bobstays || 2| 6 | 5 || 2| 6 | 5 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Bobstays (four- || | | || | | ||
+ stranded) || 2| 3 | 14 || 2| 3 | 14 ||
+ Cap Bobstay || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Collar for Cap || | | || | | ||
+ Bobstay || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lanyard for Cap || | | || | | ||
+ Bobstay (four- || | | || | | ||
+ stranded) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Manropes || 2| 3 | 8 || 2| 3 | 8 ||
+ Bumkin Braces || | | || | | ||
+ (Iron for all || | | || | | ||
+ vessels) || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ SPRIT-SAIL YARD || | | || | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Parrel || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tye || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ JIB-BOOM GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Jib Stay || 1| 5 | 27 || 1| 5 | 24 ||
+ Jib Guys (pairs) || 1| 5 | 18 || 1| 5 | 16 ||
+ Jib Falls || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 18 || — | — | — ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 9 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 5 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂||
+ Martingale || | | || | | ||
+ Backropes (pair) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 9 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 9 ||
+ Martingale Falls || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 45 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2 | 22 || 1| 2 | 20 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2³⁄₄| 43 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Pendants || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 5 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 5 ||
+ Brails || 2| 2 | 40 || 2| 2 | 36 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ FLYING JIB-BOOM || | | || | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Flying-Jib Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 30 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 27 ||
+ Flying-Jib Guys || 2| 3 | 32 || 2| 3 | 20 ||
+ Flying-Jib Falls || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 7 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 11 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 10¹⁄₂||
+ Halliards || 1| 2 | 37 || 1| 2 | 34 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 1³⁄₄| 26 || 1| 1³⁄₄| 22 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 26 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 24 ||
+ Heel-rope || 1| 1³⁄₄| 18 || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 15 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ FORE-MAST AND || | | || | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2| 6 | 7 || 2| 6 | 7 ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 5| 6 | 74 || 5| 6 | 73 ||
+ [42] || | | || | | ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (four- || | | || | | ||
+ stranded) || 10| 3 | 70 || — | — | — ||
+ Stays || 2| 8 | 34 || 2| 7¹⁄₂| 32 ||
+ Collars for Stays|| | | || | | ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || —— I’n —— || —— I’n —— ||
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | || | | ||
+ go over Cap)— || | | || | | ||
+ Chain for all || | | || | | ||
+ vessels || | | || | | ||
+ Slings, Preventer|| 1| 6 | 7 || 1| 6 | 7 ||
+ Lanyard for || | | || | | ||
+ Slings || 1| 3 | 14 || 1| 3 | 14 ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | | ||
+ Falls || 2| 3 | 66 || 2| 3 | 58 ||
+ Runner || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Runner || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jeer Falls || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | | ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | ||
+ (reefing) || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 10 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 9 ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 11 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 10 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 4 || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 4 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | | ||
+ (hide) || —— P’t —— || —— P’t —— ||
+ Falls for Truss || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || | | || | | ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 32 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3 | 85 || 2| 3 | 85 ||
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 4 | 42 || 2| 4 | 42 ||
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 4 | 44 || 2| 4 | 44 ||
+ Clew Garnets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Bowlines || 2| 2³⁄₄| 38 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 8 || 2| 3¹⁄₄ 8 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | | ||
+ (pairs) || 4| 2 | 72 || 2| 2 | 60 ||
+ Bunt-line Whips || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Leech-lines || 2| 2 | 36 || 2| 2 | 36 ||
+ After Leech-lines|| 2| 2 | 34 || 2| 2 | 28 ||
+ Slab-lines || 1| 2 | 17 || 1| 2 | 14 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2 | 48 || 2| 2 | 48 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2 | 20 || 2| 2 | 20 ||
+ Boom Jiggers || 2| 1³⁄₄| 24 || 2| 1³⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | || | | ||
+ and out) || 2| 1³⁄₄| 36 || 2| 1³⁄₄| 34 ||
+ Bunt Whip || 1| 1³⁄₄| 12 || 1| 1³⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Fore Storm Stay || | | || | | ||
+ Sail Stay || 1| 6 | 10 || 1| 6 | 10 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 28 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2 | 12 || 1| 2 | 12 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | | ||
+ sail Halliards || 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 56 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | | ||
+ sail Inner || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 2 | 36 || 2| 2 | 34 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | | ||
+ sail Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 18 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 18 ||
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | | ||
+ sail Outhaul || 2| 2³⁄₄| 30 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Swinging-boom || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 28 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 26 ||
+ Falls and Lizard || | | || | | ||
+ for Topping-lifts|| 2| 2 | 68 || 2| 2 | 66 ||
+ After Guys || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 40 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 38 ||
+ Forward Guys || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 62 ||
+ Gear Tricing- || | | || | | ||
+ lines || 2| 1³⁄₄| 26 || 2| 1³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ FORE TOP-MAST & || | | || | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 3| 4 | 39 || 3| 4 | 39 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stays || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 42 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | ||
+ (prs) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 25 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 23 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2³⁄₄| 16 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 16 ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 6¹⁄₂| 28 || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 26 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 3 | 3 || 2| 3 | 3 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 98 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 90 ||
+ Runners || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 6 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 5 ||
+ Top Tackle || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || 1| 5 | 18 || 1| 5 | 16 ||
+ Top Tackle Falls || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2 | 4 || 4| 2 | 4 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2 | 4 || 2| 2 | 4 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 5 | 4 || 1| 5 | 4 ||
+ Top-sail Ties || | | || | | ||
+ (all hide) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 9 || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Halliards for || | | || | | ||
+ Top-sail Tyes || 1| 3 | 30 || 1| 3 | 30 ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2 | 12 || 1| 2 | 12 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 21 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 21 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 64 ||
+ Stay-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 48 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 48 ||
+ Stay-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Downhaul || 1| 2 | 30 || 1| 1³⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Stay-sail Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 48 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 48 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4 | 46 || 2| 4 | 46 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 58 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 40 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 40 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 42 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 7 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 7 ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 46 || 2| 2 | 46 ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 1³⁄₄| 60 || 2| 1³⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 16 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 16 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 3 | 6 || 1| 3 | 6 ||
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | || | | ||
+ runner || 1| 2 | 12 || 1| 2 | 12 ||
+ Boom Tricing- || | | || | | ||
+ lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 18 || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Studding-s’l || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 2³⁄₄| 62 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 48 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2³⁄₄| 30 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Downhauls || 2| 1³⁄₄| 36 || 2| 1³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Boom Brace || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ FORE TOP-GAL’NT || | | || | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR.|| | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 36 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Stay || 1| 2³⁄₄| 27 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 26 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | ||
+ (prs) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 31 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 29 ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 14 || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 14 ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 3¹⁄₂| 33 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 3³⁄₄| 34 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 34 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 7 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 6 || 2| 2 | 6 ||
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Parrel || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 2 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 30 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 30 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 48 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 48 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2 | 25 || 1| 2 | 25 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2³⁄₄| 40 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 42 || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 42 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 53 || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 1³⁄₄| 14 || 1| 1³⁄₄| 14 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 12 || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 12 ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 13 || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 13 ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 17 || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 17 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Hall’rds || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 54 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2 | 16 || 2| 2 | 16 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 1³⁄₄| 32 || 2| 1³⁄₄| 32 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST || | | || | | ||
+ AND YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 22 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 21 ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 1¹⁄₄| 7 || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 7 ||
+ Stay || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 32 || 1| 2 | 30 ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 36 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 36 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 34 ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 5 || 2| 2 | 5 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 1¹⁄₂|| 1| 1¹⁄₄| 1¹⁄₂||
+ Lifts || 2| 2 | 32 || 2| 2 | 32 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 48 || 2| 2 | 46 ||
+ Halliards || | | || | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2 | 26 || 2| 2 | 26 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 29 || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 29 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1 | 66 || 2| 1 | 60 ||
+ Bunt-line || | | || | | ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1 | 19 || 1| 1 | 18 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || | | || | | ||
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 28 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 27 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 25 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 25 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 2 | 42 || 2| 2 | 40 ||
+ Peak Brails || | | || | | ||
+ (pairs of) || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 28 || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 28 ||
+ || | | || | | ++
+ Throat Brails || | | || | | ||
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ++
+ Middle Brails || | | || | | ||
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 1³⁄₄| 25 || 1| 1³⁄₄| 25 ||
+ Foot Brails || | | || | | ||
+ (pairs of) || 1| 2 | 25 || 1| 2 | 25 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 36 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN-MAST AND || | | || | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2| 6 | 7 || 1| 6 | 4 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 5| 6 | 82 || 3| 6 | 67 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds || 10| 3 | 70 || — | — | — ||
+ Stays || 2| 8 | 34 || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 30 ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || —— I’n —— || —— I’n —— ||
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | || | | ||
+ go over Cap)— || | | || | | ||
+ Chain for all || | | || | | ||
+ vessels || | | || | | ||
+ Slings, Preventer|| 1| 6 | 7 || — | — | — ||
+ Lanyard for || | | || | | ||
+ Slings (four- || | | || | | ||
+ stranded) || 1| 3 | 14 || — | — | — ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | | ||
+ Falls[43] || 2| 3 | 70 || 2| 3 | 90 ||
+ Runner || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Runner || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jeer Falls || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | ||
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | | ||
+ Jackstays || | | || | | ||
+ (reefing) || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 10 || — | — | — ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 11 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 9 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 4 || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 4 ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | | ||
+ (hide) || —— P’t. —— || —— P’t. —— ||
+ Falls for Truss || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || | | || | | ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4³⁄₄| 38 || 2| 4 | 36 ||
+ Braces || 2| 3 | 84 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 ||
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 4 | 42 || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 4 | 46 || — | — | — ||
+ Clew Garnets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 || — | — | — ||
+ Runner (for Main || | | || | | ||
+ Bow-line) || 1| 3 | 5 || — | — | — ||
+ Whip for Runner || 1| 2 | 10 || — | — | — ||
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 8 || 2| 5 | 13 ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | | ||
+ (pairs) || 2| 2 | 40 || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-line Whips || 2| 2 | 38 || — | — | — ||
+ Leech-lines || 2| 2 | 40 || — | — | — ||
+ After Leech-lines|| 2| 2 | 36 || — | — | — ||
+ Slab-line || 1| 2 | 18 || — | — | — ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 2 | 60 || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2 | 30 || — | — | — ||
+ Boom Jiggers || 2| 1³⁄₄| 27 || — | — | — ||
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | || | | ||
+ and out) || 2| 1³⁄₄| 46 || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt Whip || 1| 1³⁄₄| 13 || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-MAST & || | | || | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || 3| 4 | 42 || 2| 3 | 24 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stays || 1| 6¹⁄₄| 20 || 1| 3 | 14 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | ||
+ (prs) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 28 || — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 2³⁄₄| 16 || — | — | — ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 6¹⁄₄| 29 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 28 ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 3 | 3 || 2| 3 | 3 ||
+ Top-Burtons || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 104 || — | — | — ||
+ Runners || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 6 || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || Lg ms rope ||
+ Top Tackle || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || 1| 5 | 20 || 1| 4 | 34 ||
+ Top Tackle Falls || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 8 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 ||
+ Stirrups || 4| 2 | 4 || 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2 | 4 || 2| 2 | 4 ||
+ Parrel || 1| 5 | 4 || 1| 4 | 3 ||
+ Top-sail Ties || | | || | | ||
+ (all hide) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 9 || 1| 5 | 8 ||
+ Halliards for || | | || | | ||
+ Top-sail Tyes || 1| 3 | 34 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 43 ||
+ || | | || Rol’g rope ||
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2 | 12 || 1| 2 | 5 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 22 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 4 | 52 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 || 2| 2 | 52 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 42 || 2| 2 | 42 ||
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 2³⁄₄| 44 || 1| 2 | 22 ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | | ||
+ hide) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 7 || — | — | — ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 48 || — | — | — ||
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 1³⁄₄| 66 || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 16 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 16 ||
+ Bunt-runner || 1| 3 | 6 || — | — | — ||
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | || | | ||
+ runner || 1| 2 | 12 || — | — | — ||
+ Boom Tricing- || | | || | | ||
+ lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 20 || — | — | — ||
+ Studding-s’l || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 2³⁄₄| 64 || — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60 || — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2³⁄₄| 32 || — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Down-hauls || 2| 2 | 38 || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT || | | || | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 38 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 15 ||
+ Stay || 1| 3 | 14 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 16 ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | ||
+ (pr.) || 1| 3 | 32 || — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 14 || — | — | — ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 34 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 34 ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | | ||
+ Mast Rope || 1| 3³⁄₄| 36 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 36 ||
+ Short Mast Rope || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 7 || — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 6 || 2| 2 | 5 ||
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Parrel || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 2 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 2 ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 31 || 2| 2 | 24 ||
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 50 || 2| 2 | 48 ||
+ Halliards || 1| 2 | 26 || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2³⁄₄| 41 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 44 ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 44 || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 46 ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1³⁄₄| 48 || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 2 | 30 || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 12 || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt Jigger || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 13 || — | — | — ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 19 || 1| 1 | 18 ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58 || — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2 | 18 || — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || | | || | | ||
+ Tacks || 2| 1³⁄₄| 33 || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN ROYAL M’ST &|| | | || | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 22 || | | ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| 2| 1¹⁄₂| 7 || | | ||
+ Stay || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 17 || | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 3 | 37 || | | ||
+ Yardrope || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 39 || | | ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 5 || | | ||
+ Parrel || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 1¹⁄₂|| | | ||
+ Lifts || 2| 2 | 32 || | | ||
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 38 || | | ||
+ Halliards || | | || | | ||
+ Sheets || 2| 2 | 28 || | | ||
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 30 || | | ||
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1 | 38 || | | ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | | ||
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 19 || | | ||
+ Main-boom || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 4 | 30 || 2| 5 | 40 ||
+ Falls for Main- || | | || | | ||
+ boom Topping- || | | || | | ||
+ lifts || 2| 2³⁄₄| 30 || 2| 3 | 36 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || | | || | | ||
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 44 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 54 ||
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 28 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 38 ||
+ Vangs || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 42 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Peak Brails || | | || | | ||
+ (pairs) || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 64 || 1| 2 | 42 ||
+ Throat Brails || | | || | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 34 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 40 ||
+ Middle Brails || | | || | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 1³⁄₄| 31 || 1| 2 | 34 ||
+ Foot Brails || | | || | | ||
+ (pairs) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 30 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 38 ||
+ Sheets || 2| 3 | 60 || 1| 4 | 35 ||
+ Outhauler || 1| 3³⁄₄| 22 || 1| 4 | 25 ||
+ Boom Tackle for || | | || | | ||
+ Outhauler || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Reef Pendants for|| | | || | | ||
+ Outhauler || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 6 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 6 ||
+ Reef Tackle for || | | || | | ||
+ Outhauler || 1| 3 | 15 || 1| 3 | 18 ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MIZEN-MAST & CR. || | | || | | ||
+ JACK YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stay || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Futtock Shrouds || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Slings (Chain for|| | | || | | ||
+ all vessels) || | | || | | ||
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | | ||
+ Falls || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | | ||
+ (all hide) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Fall for Truss || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || | | || | | ||
+ Lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-M’ST & || | | || | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants (pairs) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds and || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stay || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | ||
+ (pr.) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays (pairs)|| — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lanyards for || | | || | | ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top-Burtons || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Runners || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top Tackle || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Flemish Horses || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Parrel || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top-sail Tye (all|| | | || | | ||
+ hide) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Halliards for || | | || | | ||
+ Top-sail Tye || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Rolling Tackle || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Clew-lines || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bow-lines || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-lines || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | | ||
+ hide) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | | ||
+ Pendants || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Clew Jiggers || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-runner || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jigger-fall for || | | || | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MIZ. TOP-GALL’NT || | | || | | ||
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (pairs) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stay || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | | ||
+ (pr.) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Standing || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | | ||
+ Mast Rope || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Short Mast Rope || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Parrel || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Halliards || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Clew-lines || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bow-lines || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-lines || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tripping-line || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST &|| | | || | | ||
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Shrouds (pair) || | | || | | ||
+ Falls for Shrouds|| | | || | | ||
+ Stay || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays (pair) || | | || | | ||
+ Yardrope || | | || | | ||
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | | ||
+ Foot Ropes || | | || | | ||
+ Parrel || | | || | | ||
+ Lifts || | | || | | ||
+ Braces || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || | | || | | ||
+ Sheets || | | || | | ||
+ Clew-lines || | | || | | ||
+ Bow-lines || | | || | | ||
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | | ||
+ Tripping-line || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ SPANKER BOOM AND || | | || | | ||
+ GAFF GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Falls for || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Peak Halliards || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Throat Halliards || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Vangs || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Peak Brails || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Throat Brails || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Middle Brails || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Foot Brails || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ GAFF TOP-SAIL || | | || | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Outhauler || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Downhaul || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ MISCELLANEOUS || | | || | | ||
+ GEAR. || | | || | | ||
+ || | | || | | ||
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | || | | ||
+ (Lower Yards) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 95 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 45 ||
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | || | | ||
+ (Top-sail Yards) || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 88 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 42 ||
+ Cleets, Iron, for|| | | || | | ||
+ Tops || 20| — | — || 18| — | — ||
+ Chain Slings for || | | || | | ||
+ Top-sail Yards || 2| — | — || 2| — | — ||
+ Chain Slings for || | | || | | ||
+ Gaff || 4| — | — || 4| — | — ||
+ Falls, Cat || 2| 3³⁄₄| 60 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 56 ||
+ Falls, Fish—the || | | || | | ||
+ sizes and lengths|| | | || | | ||
+ given for Sloops,|| | | || | | ||
+ Brigs & Sch. are || | | || | | ||
+ for Fish Pend’nts|| 2| 5 | 7 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 7 ||
+ Falls, Stern Boat|| 2| 2¹⁄₂| 44 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 40 ||
+ Falls, Quarter || | | || | | ||
+ Boats || 4| 2³⁄₄| 120 || 4| 2³⁄₄| 116 ||
+ Falls, Waist || | | || | | ||
+ Boats || | | || | | ||
+ Falls, Deck || | | || | | ||
+ Tackle || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 52 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 52 ||
+ Falls, Stock and || | | || | | ||
+ Bill Tackles || 2| 2³⁄₄| 44 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 44 ||
+ Falls, Luff || | | || | | ||
+ Tackles || 12| 3 | 120 || 12| 3 | 120 ||
+ Falls, Stay Luff || | | || | | ||
+ Tack. || 4| 3 | 100 || 2| 3 | 50 ||
+ Falls, Jiggers || 6| 2¹⁄₄| 120 || 6| 2¹⁄₄| 120 ||
+ Fenders, Boat || | | || | | ||
+ (Stuffed Leather)|| | | || | | ||
+ —one set for each|| | | || | | ||
+ boat || | | || | | ||
+ Futtock Staves || | | || | | ||
+ (Iron) || 12| — | — || 10| — | — ||
+ Guys, Fish Davit || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Guys, Quarter || | | || | | ||
+ Davit || | | || | | ||
+ Guys, Waist Davit|| | | || | | ||
+ Gripes, Launch || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 20 || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 18 ||
+ Girt-lines, Fore || | | || | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 74 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 70 ||
+ Girt-lines, Main || | | || | | ||
+ Masthead || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 92 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 92 ||
+ Girt-lines, Miz. || | | || | | ||
+ Masthead || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Girt-lines, || | | || | | ||
+ Hammock || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 170 || 3| 2¹⁄₂| 120 ||
+ Hooks, Can (Iron)|| 2| 2 | 2 || 2| 2 | 2 ||
+ Hawse Pend. & || | | || | | ||
+ Hook || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Hawse R’pe & || | | || | | ||
+ Shackle || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Halliards, Signal|| | | || | | ||
+ (set) || 1| — | — || 1| — | — ||
+ Hooks, Fish (fr || | | || | | ||
+ anch.) || 2| — | — || 2| — | — ||
+ Jacks, Iron || | | || | | ||
+ (sets) || 1| — | — || 1| — | — ||
+ Lines, Clothes || | | || | | ||
+ (Manil.) || 20| 2 | 500 || 16| 2 | 400 ||
+ Lines, Tricing, || | | || | | ||
+ Ham. || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 85 || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 85 ||
+ Nippers (dozens || | | || | | ||
+ of) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Rungs for Jacob || | | || | | ||
+ Ladders (set) || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Ropes, Buoy || 2| 4 | 40 || 2| 4 | 40 ||
+ Ropes, Ridge, || | | || | | ||
+ Awnings (set of) || 1| — | — || 1| — | — ||
+ Ropes, Old (for || | | || | | ||
+ lashings)—as much|| | | || | | ||
+ as may be || | | || | | ||
+ required || | | || | | ||
+ Ropes, Back (for || | | || | | ||
+ Cat-Blocks) || 2| 2 | 15 || 2| 2 | 15 ||
+ Rudder Pendants || | | || | | ||
+ and Chains—(as || | | || | | ||
+ may be required) || | | || | | ||
+ Stoppers, Cat- || | | || | | ||
+ head || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 3 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 3 ||
+ Stoppers, Ring || 2| 4 | 10 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 8 ||
+ Stoppers, Deck || | | || | | ||
+ (chain claw) || 4| — | 4 ft. || 4| — | 4 ft. ||
+ Stoppers, Boats || 4| 2³⁄₄| 22 || 4| 2³⁄₄| 20 ||
+ Stoppers, || | | || | | ||
+ Fighting, doz || 2| 3³⁄₄| 60 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 60 ||
+ Stoppers, Bit || 3| 6¹⁄₂| 7 || 3| 6 | 7 ||
+ Strap Selvagees || | | || | | ||
+ (doz.) || 2| — | — || 2| — | — ||
+ Swabs (dozens) || 2| — | — || 2| — | — ||
+ Seines || 1| — | 35 || 1| — | 35 ||
+ Shank Painters || | | || | | ||
+ (a part) (Chain) || 2| 5 | 2 || 2| 5 | 2 ||
+ Spare, Quarter || | | || | | ||
+ Davit || | | || | | ||
+ Spare, Waist || | | || | | ||
+ Davit || | | || | | ||
+ Travelers, iron, || | | || | | ||
+ for Top-sail Tyes|| 2| — | — || 2| — | — ||
+ Topping-lifts fr || | | || | | ||
+ Quarter Davits || | | || | | ||
+ Tackle, Fore-yard|| 1| 3 | 33 || 1| 3 | 33 ||
+ Tackle, Pendants || 1| 5 | 3 || 1| 5 | 3 ||
+ Tackle, Fore- || | | || | | ||
+ stay[44] || 1| 3 | 40 || 1| 3 | 40 ||
+ Tackle, Main-yard|| 1| 3 | 40 || — | — | — ||
+ Tackle, Pendants || 1| 5 | 3 || — | — | — ||
+ Tackle, Main- || | | || | | ||
+ stay[44] || 1| 3 | 40 || 1| 3 | 40 ||
+ Triatic Stay || 1| 6 | 17 || 1| 5 | 15 ||
+ Quarter and Stay || 1| 3 | 60 || — | — | — ||
+
+ =================++=================++=================
+ || ||
+ ++ ||
+ || ||
+ || ||
+ =Names || =Schooners.= || =Steamers.=
+ of ++---+-----+-------++---+-----+-------
+ Rigging.= ||No.|Size.|Length.||No.|Size.|Length.
+ -----------------++---+-----+-------++---+-----+-------
+ || | | || | |
+ BOWSPRIT GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Gammoning (Iron || | | || | |
+ for all classes || | | || | |
+ of vessels) || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 8 || 2| 7¹⁄₂| 2
+ Collars for || | | || | |
+ Shrouds || 1| 4³⁄₄| 2 || 2| 7¹⁄₂| 6
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (four- || | | || | |
+ stranded) || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 8 || 4| 3¹⁄₂| 28
+ Bobstays (pairs) || 1| 6 | 7 || 2| 9 | 28
+ Collars for || | | || | |
+ Bobstays || 1| 6 | 2 || 2| 9 | 6
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Bobstays (four- || | | || | |
+ stranded) || 1| 3 | 7 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 14
+ Cap Bobstay || — | — | — || 1| 6 | 15
+ Collar for Cap || | | || | |
+ Bobstay || — | — | — || 1| 6 | 2
+ Lanyard for Cap || | | || | |
+ Bobstay (four- || | | || | |
+ stranded) || — | — | — || 1| 3 | 7
+ Manropes || — | — | — || 2| 4 | 14
+ Bumkin Braces || | | || | |
+ (Iron for all || | | || | |
+ vessels) || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ SPRIT-SAIL YARD || | | || | |
+ GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Parrel || — | — | — || 1| 4 | 6
+ Tye || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 2
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 10
+ Lifts || — | — | — || 2| 4 | 22
+ Braces || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 72
+ || | | || | |
+ JIB-BOOM GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Jib Stay || 1| 5 | 23 || 1| 5³⁄₄| 37
+ Jib Guys (pairs) || 1| 5 | 16 || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 62
+ Jib Falls || — | — | — || 4| 2³⁄₄| 40
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 9 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 14
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 4¹⁄₂ || 1| 7¹⁄₂| 7
+ Martingale || | | || | |
+ Backropes (pair) || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 8 || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 15
+ Martingale Falls || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 16
+ Halliards || 1| 2³⁄₄| 26 || 1| 3 | 66
+ Downhaul || 1| 2 | 21 || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 34
+ Sheets || 2| 2³⁄₄| 40 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 60
+ Pendants || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 6 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 6
+ Brails || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 54
+ || | | || | |
+ FLYING JIB-BOOM || | | || | |
+ GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Flying-Jib Stay || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 27 || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 38
+ Flying-Jib Guys || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 34
+ Flying-Jib Falls || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 20
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 6 || 2| 3 | 8
+ Martingale Stay || 1| 3³⁄₄| 10 || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 17
+ Halliards || 1| 2 | 33 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 46
+ Downhaul || 1| 1³⁄₄| 26 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 34
+ Sheets || 2| 2 | 24 || 2| 3 | 38
+ Heel-rope || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 14 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 26
+ || | | || | |
+ FORE-MAST AND || | | || | |
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Pendants (pairs) || 1| 6 | 4 || 2| 9 | 9
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 4| 6 | 88 || 8| 9 | 92}
+ [42] || | | || | | 95}
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (four- || | | || | |
+ stranded) || — | — | — || 16| 4¹⁄₂| 136
+ Stays || 1|10¹⁄₂| 19 || 2|12¹⁄₂| 52
+ Collars for Stays|| | | || | |
+ Futtock Shrouds || —— Iron —— || 10| 5¹⁄₂| 28
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | || | |
+ go over Cap)— || | | || | |
+ Chain for all || | | || | |
+ vessels || | | || | |
+ Slings, Preventer|| — | — | — || 1| 9 | 9
+ Lanyard for || | | || | |
+ Slings || — | — | — || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 18
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | |
+ Falls || 2| 2³⁄₄| 90 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 94
+ Runner || — | — | — || 1| 7 | 13
+ Falls for Runner || — | — | — || 1| 3³⁄₄| 36
+ Jeer Falls || — | — | — || 2| 5 | 100
+ Jackstays || | | || | |
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | |
+ Jackstays || | | || | |
+ (reefing) || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 13
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3 | 11 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 14
+ Stirrups || 4| 2 | 4 || 6| 2³⁄₄| 6
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | |
+ (hide) || —— Pat. —— || —— Pat. ——
+ Falls for Truss || | | || | |
+ Pendants || | | || | |
+ Lifts || 2| 4 | 36 || 2| 5¹⁄₄| 62
+ Braces || 2| 2³⁄₄| 90 || 2| 4 | 126
+ Tacks (tapered) || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 30 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 80
+ Sheets (tapered) || 2| 2³⁄₄| 20 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 80
+ Clew Garnets || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 78
+ Bowlines || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 58
+ || Yard R’pe || | |
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 58 || 2| 4 | 9
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | |
+ (pairs) || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 48
+ Bunt-line Whips || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 42
+ Leech-lines || — | — | — || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 104
+ After Leech-lines|| — | — | — || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 88
+ Slab-lines || — | — | — || 1| 2 | 22
+ Clew Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 76
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2 | 20 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 26
+ Boom Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 32
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | || | |
+ and out) || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 58
+ Bunt Whip || — | — | — || 1| 2 | 20
+ Fore Storm Stay || | | || | |
+ Sail Stay || 1| 7¹⁄₂| 14 || 1| 7 | 14
+ Halliards || 1| 3 | 33 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 37
+ Downhaul || 1| 2³⁄₄| 15 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 18
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | |
+ sail Halliards || 2| 2³⁄₄| 58 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 82
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | |
+ sail Inner || | | || | |
+ Halliards || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 52
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | |
+ sail Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 12 || 2| 3 | 30
+ Lower Studding- || | | || | |
+ sail Outhaul || 2| 2³⁄₄| 36 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 46
+ Swinging-boom || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 36 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 42
+ Falls and Lizard || | | || | |
+ for Topping-lifts|| 2| 2¹⁄₄| 30 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 90
+ After Guys || 2| 3 | 36 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 64
+ Forward Guys || 2| 3 | 36 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 100
+ Gear Tricing- || | | || | |
+ lines || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 42
+ || | | || | |
+ FORE TOP-MAST & || | | || | |
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds and || | | || | |
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2| 3³⁄₄| 24 || 5| 5¹⁄₂| 106
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Shrouds and || | | || | |
+ Pendants || — | — | — || 10| 2³⁄₄| 70
+ Stays || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 24 || 2| 8¹⁄₂| 64
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | |
+ (prs) || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 80
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 52
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 4¹⁄₂| 28 || 2| 9 | 84
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 4| 4¹⁄₂| 40
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 2 || 2| 4 | 3
+ Top-Burtons || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 160
+ Runners || — | — | — || 2| 4 | 7
+ Top Tackle || Lg m’st r’p || | |
+ Pendants || 1| 4 | 34 || 2| 8 | 46
+ Top Tackle Falls || — | — | — || 2| 4 | 134
+ Jackstays || | | || | |
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 12
+ Stirrups || 2| 2 | 4 || 6| 2¹⁄₂| 6
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2 | 3 || 2| 3 | 5
+ Parrel || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 3 || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 5
+ Top-sail Ties || | | || | |
+ (all hide) || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 7 || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 41
+ Halliards for || | | || | |
+ Top-sail Tyes || 1| 2³⁄₄| 41 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 100
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2 | 5 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 15
+ Lifts || 2| 4 | 20 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 35
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 124
+ Stay-sail || | | || | |
+ Halliards || — | — | — || 1| 2³⁄₄| 60
+ Stay-sail || | | || | |
+ Downhaul || — | — | — || 1| 2 | 34
+ Stay-sail Sheets || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50
+ Sheets || 2| 3³⁄₄| 46 || 2| 5³⁄₄| 71
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 56 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 86
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 52 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 60
+ Bunt-lines || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 44 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 66
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | |
+ hide) || 2| 3 | 7 || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 12
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | |
+ Pendants || 2| 2 | 50 || 2| 3 | 76
+ Clew Jiggers || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 46 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 94
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 12 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24
+ Bunt-runner || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 10
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | || | |
+ runner || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 32
+ Boom Tricing- || | | || | |
+ lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 14 || 2| 2 | 30
+ Studding-s’l || | | || | |
+ Halliards || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 66 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 98
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Tacks || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 72 || 2| 3 | 98
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Sheets || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 32 || 2| 3 | 44
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Downhauls || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 40 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Boom Brace || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 60
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 40
+ || | | || | |
+ FORE TOP-GAL’NT || | | || | |
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR.|| | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 15 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 68
+ Stay || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 28 || 1| 4 | 40
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | |
+ (prs) || — | — | — || 1| 4 | 53
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 20
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 3 | 34 || 1| 5 | 54
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | |
+ Mast Rope || 1| 3 | 35 || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 55
+ Short Mast Rope || — | — | — || 1| 4³⁄₄| 12
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2 | 6 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 2
+ Parrel || 1| 2 | 2 || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 3
+ Lifts || 2| 2 | 28 || 2| 3 | 45
+ Braces || 2| 2 | 52 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 132
+ Halliards || — | — | — || 1| 2³⁄₄| 54
+ Sheets || 2| 2 | 44 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 60
+ Clew-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 48 || 2| 2 | 80
+ Bow-lines || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 54 || 2| 2 | 84
+ Bunt-lines || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 46
+ Lift Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 20
+ Bunt Jiggers || — | — | — || 1| 2 | 22
+ Tripping-line || 1| 1¹⁄₂| 18 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 26
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Hall’rds || 2| 2 | 70 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 92
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Sheets || 2| 2 | 36 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 28
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Tacks || 2| 1³⁄₄| 32 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 46
+ || | | || | |
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST || | | || | |
+ AND YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (pair) || | | || | |
+ Falls for Shrouds|| | | || | |
+ Stay || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pair) || | | || | |
+ Yardrope || | | || | |
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || | | || | |
+ Parrel || | | || | |
+ Lifts || | | || | |
+ Braces || | | || | |
+ Halliards || | | || | |
+ Sheets || | | || | |
+ Clew-lines || | | || | |
+ Bow-lines || | | || | |
+ Bunt-line || | | || | |
+ Tripping-line || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || | | || | |
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 55 || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 55
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 40 || 1| 3 | 43
+ Vangs || 2| 2³⁄₄| 58 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 60
+ Peak Brails || | | || | |
+ (pairs of) || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 80 || 2| 2 | 76
+ ||---+ | || | |
+ Throat Brails |pen.| | || | |
+ (p’rs of) || 1 | 3¹⁄₂| 16 || 1| 3 | 38
+ |w’ip| 2³⁄₄| 40 || | |
+ || 2 | | || | |
+ ||---+ | || | |
+ Middle Brails || | | || | |
+ (p’rs of) || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 28 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 34
+ Foot Brails || | | || | |
+ (pairs of) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 36 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 36
+ Sheets || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 54 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 78
+ || | | || | |
+ MAIN-MAST AND || | | || | |
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Pendants (pairs) || 1| 6 | 4 || 2| 9 | 9
+ || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 3| 6 | 66 || 9| 9 | 90}
+ || | | || | | 120}
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Shrouds || — | — | — || 18| 4¹⁄₂| 153
+ Stays || 2| 6¹⁄₂ 30 || 2|12¹⁄₂| 58
+ Futtock Shrouds || —— I’n —— || 12| 5¹⁄₂| 30
+ Slings Proper (to|| | | || | |
+ go over Cap)— || | | || | |
+ Chain for all || | | || | |
+ vessels || | | || | |
+ Slings, Preventer|| — | — | — || 1|10 | 9
+ Lanyard for || | | || | |
+ Slings (four- || | | || | |
+ stranded) || — | — | — || 1| 4³⁄₄| 18
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | |
+ Falls[43] || 2| 2³⁄₄| 90 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 94
+ Runner || — | — | — || 1| 7 | 20
+ Falls for Runner || — | — | — || 1| 3³⁄₄| 64
+ Jeer Falls || — | — | — || 2| 5 | 100
+ Jackstays || | | || | |
+ (bending) Iron || | | || | |
+ Jackstays || | | || | |
+ (reefing) || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 13
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 9 || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 14
+ Stirrups || 4| 2 | 4 || 6| 2³⁄₄| 6
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | |
+ (hide) || —— P’t. —— || —— Pat. ——
+ Falls for Truss || | | || | |
+ Pendants || | | || | |
+ Lifts || 2| 3 | 34 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 62
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 66 || 2| 4 | 160
+ Tacks (tapered) || — | — | — || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 80
+ Sheets (tapered) || — | — | — || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 84
+ Clew Garnets || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 78
+ Runner (for Main || | | || | |
+ Bow-line) || — | — | — || 1| 4 | 7
+ Whip for Runner || — | — | — || 1| 3 | 18
+ Reef Pendants || 2| 5 | 13 || 2| 4 | 9
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | |
+ (pairs) || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 48
+ Bunt-line Whips || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 42
+ Leech-lines || — | — | — || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 105
+ After Leech-lines|| — | — | — || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 88
+ Slab-line || — | — | — || 1| 2 | 22
+ Clew Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 76
+ Lift Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 26
+ Boom Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 32
+ Boom Jiggers (in || | | || | |
+ and out) || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 58
+ Bunt Whip || — | — | — || 1| 2 | 20
+ || | | || | |
+ MAIN TOP-MAST & || | | || | |
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds and || | | || | |
+ Pendants (pairs) || 2| 3 | 24 || 5| 5¹⁄₂| 106
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Pendants || — | — | — || 10| 2³⁄₄| 70
+ Stays || 1| 3 | 10 || 2| 8¹⁄₂| 72
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | |
+ (prs) || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 80
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 52
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pairs)|| 1| 3 | 30 || 2| 9 | 84
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 4| 4¹⁄₂| 40
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 2 || 2| 4 | 3
+ Top-Burtons || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 160
+ Runners || — | — | — || 2| 4 | 7
+ || Lg ms rope || | |
+ Top Tackle || | | || | |
+ Pendants || 1| 4 | 34 || 2| 8 | 46
+ Top Tackle Falls || — | — | — || 2| 4 | 134
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || 2| 2³⁄₄| 7 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 12
+ Stirrups || 2| 2 | 2 || 6| 2¹⁄₂| 6
+ Flemish Horses || 2| 2 | 4 || 2| 3 | 5
+ Parrel || 1| 4 | 3 || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 5
+ Top-sail Ties || | | || | |
+ (all hide) || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 7 || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 41
+ Halliards for || | | || | |
+ Top-sail Tyes || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 34 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 100
+ || Rol’g rope || | |
+ Rolling Tackle || 1| 2 | 5 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 15
+ Lifts || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 18 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 35
+ Braces || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 64 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 90
+ Sheets || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 46 || 2| 5³⁄₄| 71
+ Clew-lines || 2| 2 | 52 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 86
+ Bow-lines || 2| 2 | 42 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 74
+ Bunt-lines || 1| 2 | 22 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 66
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | |
+ hide) || — | — | — || 2| 4¹⁄₄| 12
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | |
+ Pendants || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 76
+ Clew Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 94
+ Lift Jiggers || 2| 2 | 16 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 24
+ Bunt-runner || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 10
+ Jigger for Bunt- || | | || | |
+ runner || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 22
+ Boom Tricing- || | | || | |
+ lines || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 30
+ Studding-s’l || | | || | |
+ Halliards || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 98
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Tacks || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 98
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Sheets || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 44
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Down-hauls || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58
+ || | | || | |
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT || | | || | |
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (pairs) || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 15 || 2| 3³⁄₄| 68
+ Stay || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 12 || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 31
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | |
+ (pr.) || — | — | — || 1| 4 | 53
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 20
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pair) || 1| 2³⁄₄| 34 || 1| 5 | 54
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | |
+ Mast Rope || — | — | — || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 55
+ Short Mast Rope || — | — | — || 1| 4³⁄₄| 12
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 2
+ Parrel || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 3
+ Lifts || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 45
+ Braces || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 94
+ Halliards || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 54
+ Sheets || — | — | — || 2| 3³⁄₄| 60
+ Clew-lines || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 80
+ Bow-lines || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 86
+ Bunt-lines || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 46
+ Lift Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 20
+ Bunt Jigger || — | — | — || 1| 2 | 22
+ Tripping-line || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 26
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Halliards || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 92
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Sheets || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 28
+ Studding-sail || | | || | |
+ Tacks || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 32
+ || | | || | |
+ MAIN ROYAL M’ST &|| | | || | |
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (pair) || | | || | |
+ Falls for Shrouds|| | | || | |
+ Stay || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pair) || | | || | |
+ Yardrope || | | || | |
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || | | || | |
+ Parrel || | | || | |
+ Lifts || | | || | |
+ Braces || | | || | |
+ Halliards || | | || | |
+ Sheets || | | || | |
+ Clew-lines || | | || | |
+ Bow-lines || | | || | |
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | |
+ Tripping-line || | | || | |
+ Main-boom || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || 2| 5 | 40 || | |
+ Falls for Main- || | | || | |
+ boom Topping- || | | || | |
+ lifts || 2| 3 | 36 || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || | | || | |
+ M’ST & GAFF G’AR.|| | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Peak Halliards || 1| 3³⁄₄| 54 || 1| 3 | 41
+ Throat Halliards || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 38 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 44
+ Vangs || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 30 || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58
+ Peak Brails || | | || | |
+ (pairs) || 1| 2 | 40 || 1| 2 | 40
+ Throat Brails || | | || | |
+ (pairs) || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 38 || 1| 2³⁄₄| 36
+ Middle Brails || | | || | |
+ (pairs) || 1| 2 | 34 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 38
+ Foot Brails || | | || | |
+ (pairs) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 36 || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 32
+ Sheets || 1| 4 | 35 || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 52
+ Outhauler || 1| 4 | 25 || | |
+ Boom Tackle for || | | || | |
+ Outhauler || 2| 2³⁄₄| 60 || | |
+ Reef Pendants for|| | | || | |
+ Outhauler || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 6 || | |
+ Reef Tackle for || | | || | |
+ Outhauler || 1| 3 | 18 || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ MIZEN-MAST & CR. || | | || | |
+ JACK YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds and || | | || | |
+ Pendants (pairs) || — | — | — || 5| 6¹⁄₂| 103
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Shrouds and || | | || | |
+ Pendants || — | — | — || 10| 3¹⁄₄| 80
+ Stay || — | — | — || 1| 8 | 17
+ Futtock Shrouds || — | — | — || —— Iron ——
+ Slings (Chain for|| | | || | |
+ all vessels) || | | || | |
+ Pendant Tackle || | | || | |
+ Falls || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 80
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 11
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || 4| 3 | 4
+ Truss Pendants || | | || | |
+ (all hide) || — | — | — || —— Pat. ——
+ Fall for Truss || | | || | |
+ Pendants || | | || | |
+ Lifts || — | — | — || 2| 4³⁄₄| 16
+ Braces || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 64
+ || | | || | |
+ MIZEN TOP-M’ST & || | | || | |
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds and || | | || | |
+ Pendants (pairs) || — | — | — || 4| 4¹⁄₂| 36
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Shrouds and || | | || | |
+ Pendants || — | — | — || 8| 2¹⁄₄| 56
+ Stay || — | — | — || 1| 5 | 13
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | |
+ (pr.) || — | — | — || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 28
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 24
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pairs)|| — | — | — || 1| 7 | 36
+ Lanyards for || | | || | |
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 20
+ Cat-Harpen Legs || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 3
+ Top-Burtons || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 120
+ Runners || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 5
+ Top Tackle || | | || | |
+ Pendants || — | — | — || 1| 5¹⁄₂| 20
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 9
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || 4| 2¹⁄₄| 4
+ Flemish Horses || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 3
+ Parrel || — | — | — || 1| 4¹⁄₂| 3¹⁄₂
+ Top-sail Tye (all|| | | || | |
+ hide) || — | — | — || 1| 5 | 16
+ Halliards for || | | || | |
+ Top-sail Tye || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 45
+ Rolling Tackle || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 15
+ Lifts || — | — | — || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 25
+ Braces || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 90
+ Sheets || — | — | — || 2| 4 | 48
+ Clew-lines || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 72
+ Bow-lines || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58
+ Bunt-lines || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 50
+ Reef Pend’ts (all|| | | || | |
+ hide) || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 9
+ Whips for Reef || | | || | |
+ Pendants || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 58
+ Clew Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 72
+ Lift Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₄| 20
+ Bunt-runner || — | — | — || 1| 3 | 7
+ Jigger-fall for || | | || | |
+ Bunt-runner || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 14
+ || | | || | |
+ MIZ. TOP-GALL’NT || | | || | |
+ M’ST & YARD GEAR || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (pairs) || — | — | — || 2| 3 | 46
+ Stay || — | — | — || 1| 3 | 14
+ Breast Backstays || | | || | |
+ (pr.) || — | — | — || 1| 3 | 40
+ Falls for Breast || | | || | |
+ Backstays || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 18
+ Standing || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pair) || — | — | — || 1| 3³⁄₄| 44
+ Long Yard, or || | | || | |
+ Mast Rope || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 45
+ Short Mast Rope || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 8
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 7
+ Stirrups || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 2
+ Parrel || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 2
+ Lifts || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 40
+ Braces || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 64
+ Halliards || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 40
+ Sheets || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 45
+ Clew-lines || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 45
+ Bow-lines || — | — | — || 2| 1¹⁄₂| 62
+ Bunt-lines || — | — | — || 1| 1³⁄₄| 18
+ Lift Jiggers || — | — | — || 2| 1¹⁄₄| 18
+ Bunt Jiggers || — | — | — || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 15
+ Tripping-line || — | — | — || 1| 1¹⁄₄| 20
+ || | | || | |
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST &|| | | || | |
+ YARD GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Shrouds (pair) || | | || | |
+ Falls for Shrouds|| | | || | |
+ Stay || | | || | |
+ Backstays (pair) || | | || | |
+ Yardrope || | | || | |
+ Jackstays (Iron) || | | || | |
+ Foot Ropes || | | || | |
+ Parrel || | | || | |
+ Lifts || | | || | |
+ Braces || | | || | |
+ Halliards || | | || | |
+ Sheets || | | || | |
+ Clew-lines || | | || | |
+ Bow-lines || | | || | |
+ Bunt-lines || | | || | |
+ Tripping-line || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ SPANKER BOOM AND || | | || | |
+ GAFF GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — || 2| 5 | 38
+ Falls for || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 36
+ Foot Ropes || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 8
+ Sheets || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 50
+ Outhauler || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₂| 23
+ Peak Halliards || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 55
+ Throat Halliards || — | — | — || 1| 3 | 39
+ Vangs || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 60
+ Peak Brails || — | — | — || 2| 2 | 80
+ Throat Brails || — | — | — || 1| 3 | 38
+ Middle Brails || — | — | — || 1| 2 | 32
+ Foot Brails || — | — | — || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 34
+ || | | || | |
+ GAFF TOP-SAIL || | | || | |
+ GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Halliards || 1| 3 | 34 || 1| 3 | 37
+ Outhauler || 1| 3 | 26 || 1| 3 | 29
+ Sheets || 2| 2³⁄₄| 26 || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 28
+ Downhaul || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 18 || 1| 2 | 20
+ || | | || | |
+ MISCELLANEOUS || | | || | |
+ GEAR. || | | || | |
+ || | | || | |
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | || | |
+ (Lower Yards) || 1| 2¹⁄₂| 45 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 108
+ Braces, Preventer|| | | || | |
+ (Top-sail Yards) || 1| 2¹⁄₄| 42 || 2| 2³⁄₄| 100
+ Cleets, Iron, for|| | | || | |
+ Tops || 12| — | — || 36| — | —
+ Chain Slings for || | | || | |
+ Top-sail Yards || 2| — | — || 2| — | —
+ Chain Slings for || | | || | |
+ Gaff || 4| — | — || 6| — | —
+ Falls, Cat || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 40 || 2| 5 | 100
+ Falls, Fish—the || | | || | |
+ sizes and lengths|| | | || | |
+ given for Sloops,|| | | || | |
+ Brigs & Sch. are || | | || | |
+ for Fish Pend’nts|| 2| 4 | 6 || 2| 4 | 120
+ Falls, Stern Boat|| 2| 2¹⁄₂| 40 || 2| 3 | 52
+ Falls, Quarter || | | || | |
+ Boats || 4| 2³⁄₄| 112 || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 140
+ Falls, Waist || | | || | |
+ Boats || | | || | |
+ Falls, Deck || | | || | |
+ Tackle || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 50 || 1| 3³⁄₄| 60
+ Falls, Stock and || | | || | |
+ Bill Tackles || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 42 || 2| 3¹⁄₄| 56
+ Falls, Luff || | | || | |
+ Tackles || 12| 3 | 120 || 28| 3¹⁄₂| 280
+ Falls, Stay Luff || | | || | |
+ Tack. || 2| 3 | 50 || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 100
+ Falls, Jiggers || 6| 2¹⁄₄| 120 || 8| 2¹⁄₂| 160
+ Fenders, Boat || | | || | |
+ (Stuffed Leather)|| | | || | |
+ —one set for each|| | | || | |
+ boat || | | || | |
+ Futtock Staves || | | || | |
+ (Iron) || 8| — | — || 18| — | —
+ Guys, Fish Davit || — | — | — || 4| 7 | 18
+ Guys, Quarter || | | || | |
+ Davit || | | || | |
+ Guys, Waist Davit|| | | || | |
+ Gripes, Launch || 1| 4¹⁄₄| 18 || 1| 5¹⁄₄| 23
+ Girt-lines, Fore || | | || | |
+ Masthead || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 70 || 2| 3 | 85
+ Girt-lines, Main || | | || | |
+ Masthead || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 92 || 2| 3 | 100
+ Girt-lines, Miz. || | | || | |
+ Masthead || — | — | — || 2| 2³⁄₄| 84
+ Girt-lines, || | | || | |
+ Hammock || 3| 2¹⁄₂| 120 || 5| 3 | 325
+ Hooks, Can (Iron)|| 1| 1 | 1 || 2| 2 | 2
+ Hawse Pend. & || | | || | |
+ Hook || — | — | — || 1| 6¹⁄₂| 13
+ Hawse R’pe & || | | || | |
+ Shackle || — | — | — || 1| 9 | 15
+ Halliards, Signal|| | | || | |
+ (set) || 1| — | — || 1| — | —
+ Hooks, Fish (fr || | | || | |
+ anch.) || 2| — | — || 2| — | —
+ Jacks, Iron || | | || | |
+ (sets) || 1| — | — || 1| — | —
+ Lines, Clothes || | | || | |
+ (Manil.) || 12| 2 | 300 || 40| 2¹⁄₄|1100
+ Lines, Tricing, || | | || | |
+ Ham. || 4| 2¹⁄₂| 85 || 6| 3 | 125
+ Nippers (dozens || | | || | |
+ of) || — | — | — || 3| — | —
+ Rungs for Jacob || | | || | |
+ Ladders (set) || — | — | — || 1| — |
+ Ropes, Buoy || 2| 4 | 40 || 2| 5¹⁄₂| 40
+ Ropes, Ridge, || | | || | |
+ Awnings (set of) || 1 | — | — || 1| — | —
+ Ropes, Old (for || | | || | |
+ lashings)—as much|| | | || | |
+ as may be || | | || | |
+ required || | | || | |
+ Ropes, Back (for || | | || | |
+ Cat-Blocks) || — | — | — || 2| 2¹⁄₂| 25
+ Rudder Pendants || | | || | |
+ and Chains—(as || | | || | |
+ may be required) || | | || | |
+ Stoppers, Cat- || | | || | |
+ head || 2| 5 | 3 || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 6
+ Stoppers, Ring || 2| 3¹⁄₂| 8 || 4| 5 | 14
+ Stoppers, Deck || | | || | |
+ (chain claw) || 4| — | 4 ft. || 6| — | 4 ft.
+ Stoppers, Boats || 4| 2³⁄₄| 20 || 4| 3¹⁄₄| 28
+ Stoppers, || | | || | |
+ Fighting, doz || 2| 3³⁄₄| 60 || 3| 4¹⁄₂| 100
+ Stoppers, Bit || 3| 6 | 7 || 4| 8¹⁄₂| 8
+ Strap Selvagees || | | || | |
+ (doz.) || 2| — | — || 3| — | —
+ Swabs (dozens) || 2| — | — || 3| — | —
+ Seines || 1| — | 35 || 1| — | 50
+ Shank Painters || | | || | |
+ (a part) (Chain) || 2| 4¹⁄₂| 2 || 2| 6 | 4
+ Spare, Quarter || | | || | |
+ Davit || | | || | |
+ Spare, Waist || | | || | |
+ Davit || | | || | |
+ Travelers, iron, || | | || | |
+ for Top-sail Tyes|| — | — | — || 4| — | —
+ Topping-lifts fr || | | || | |
+ Quarter Davits || | | || | |
+ Tackle, Fore-yard|| — | — | — || 2| 3³⁄₄| 84
+ Tackle, Pendants || — | — | — || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂
+ Tackle, Fore- || | | || | |
+ stay[44] || — | — | — || 1| 3³⁄₄| 54
+ Tackle, Main-yard|| — | — | — || 2| 3³⁄₄| 100
+ Tackle, Pendants || — | — | — || 2| 6¹⁄₂| 7¹⁄₂
+ Tackle, Main- || | | || | |
+ stay[44] || — | — | — || 1| 3³⁄₄| 54
+ Triatic Stay || — | — | — || 1| 7 | 18
+ Quarter and Stay || — | — | — || 1| 3¹⁄₄| 70
+
+ NOTE.--The Lanyards for all Standing Rigging should be four-stranded
+ rope.
+
+ [42] It will be remembered that the specific lengths given in these
+ Tables are full pattern lengths for each gang of Standing Rigging.
+
+ [43] All small vessels which are not allowed Jeers and Top Tackle
+ Falls, the Pendant Tackle Falls may be increased in size one-fourth
+ in addition to the specified size in the foregoing Table.
+
+ [44] Or Triatic Stay-tackle.
+
+
+=524.--A Table showing the Size and Description of the Different Blocks
+of all classes of Vessels, U. S. N.=
+
+ ===============++=======++===============================================++
+ || || =Ships of the Line.= ||
+ || ++---------------+-------------------------------++
+ || || | 2 DECKS. ||
+ ||=De- ++---------------+-------------------------------++
+ ||scrip- || 3 DECKS. | 1st Class. | 2d Class. ||
+ =Names ||tion ++---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----++
+ of ||of || | |Swal-| | |Swal-| | |Swal-||
+ Blocks.= ||Block.=||No.|Size.| low.|No.|Size.| low.|No.|Size.| low.||
+ ---------------++-------++---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----++
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FLYING JIB- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ BOOM. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Royal Bow-lines|| S. || 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Halliards F. T.|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Gallant-mast- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head || S. || 1| 7 | 1.3| 1| 7 | 1.3| 1| 7 | 1.3||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ JIB-BOOM. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 8 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.3||
+ Brails on Stay || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Brails leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Boom-end || S. || 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Martingale || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ back-ropes || D. || 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Martingale || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ back-ropes || S. || 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Top-gallant || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bow-lines || S. || 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Guy Tackles || D. || 4| 12 | 1.2| 4| 12 | 1.2| 4| 12 | 1.2||
+ Guy-Tackles || S. || 4| 12 | 1.2| 4| 12 | 1.2| 4| 12 | 1.2||
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| D. || 1| 12 | 1.1| 1| 12 | 1.1| 1| 12 | 1.1||
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| S. || 1| 12 | 1.1| 1| 12 | 1.1| 1| 12 | 1.1||
+ Sheets in Clew || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 13 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.5||
+ Hall’rds in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Halliards on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ SPRIT-SAIL || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ to Bowsprit Cap|| S. || 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5||
+ Brace on Yard- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arm || S. || 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ Brace on Fore- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stay || S. || 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ Brace on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ BOWSPRIT. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Fore-top Bow- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5||
+ Fore Bow-lines || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5||
+ Fore Top-mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stay-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 8 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.3||
+ Fore top-mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 12 | 1.6| 1| 12 | 1.6| 1| 12 | 1.6||
+ F. T. Mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ trestle trees || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.6| 1| 12 | 1.6| 1| 12 | 1.6||
+ F. T. Mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stay-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sheets in clew || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5||
+ F. Storm stay- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail stay on || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bowsprit || Clump.|| 1| 14 | 2.8| 1| 14 | 2.8| 1| 14 | 2.8||
+ F. Storm Stay- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Downhaul || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ F. storm stay- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail halliards || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ in head of sail|| S. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ F. S. stay-sail|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ halliards on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Bumkin Blocks, || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (fore tacks) ||Should’r. 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 15 | 2.3||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FOREM’ST & || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || 1| 17 | 3.0| 1| 17 | 3.0| 1| 17 | 3.0||
+ Tackle for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || D. || 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 17 | 1.6||
+ Tackle for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 17 | 1.6||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 17 | 1.6| 2| 17 | 1.6| 2| 17 | 1.6||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 17 | 1.6| 2| 17 | 1.6| 2| 17 | 1.6||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Jeers || T. || 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4||
+ Jeers || D. || 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4||
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || 2| 20 | 2.2| 2| 20 | 2.2| 2| 20 | 2.2||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3||
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 14 | 1.7| 2| 14 | 1.7| 2| 14 | 1.7||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Fore Top || D. || 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Fore Top || Shoe. || 2| 18 | 1.3| 2| 18 | 1.3| 2| 18 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Yard || S. || 4| 8 | 1.2| 4| 8 | 1.2| 4| 8 | 1.2||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Top || D. || 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ After || D. || 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ After || S. || 4| 8 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.3||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 15 | 1.6| 2| 15 | 1.6| 2| 15 | 1.6||
+ Braces leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 2| 15 | 1.6| 2| 15 | 1.6| 2| 15 | 1.6||
+ Lifts on Cap || D. || 2| 16 | 2.2| 2| 16 | 2.2| 2| 16 | 2.2||
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 16 | 2.2| 2| 16 | 2.2| 2| 16 | 2.2||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 9 | 1.1||
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (in and out) || S. || 6| 9 | 1.1| 6| 9 | 1.1| 6| 9 | 1.1||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 8 | 1.1| 4| 8 | 1.1| 4| 8 | 1.1||
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || 3| 8 | 1.1| 3| 8 | 1.1| 3| 8 | 1.1||
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Yard || sc’e || 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8||
+ Fore Tacks in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 15 | 2.3||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 15 | 2.3||
+ Swinging-boom || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || clamp.|| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5||
+ Swinging-boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-whips || D. || 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1||
+ Swinging-boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-whips || S. || 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1||
+ Pendants for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ outer Halliards|| S. || 2| 16 | 1.8| 2| 16 | 1.8| 2| 16 | 1.8||
+ Outer Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Boom || S. || 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8||
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Yard || S. || 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Quarter || S. || 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Tripping-line || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Lower Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Downhaul || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ After Guys ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5||
+ Forward Guys || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Cheek on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bowsprit) || S. || 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5||
+ Tacks on Boom- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ end || S. || 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6||
+ Tricing-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Studding- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Gear || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP MAST || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 22 | 3.6| 2| 22 | 3.6| 2| 22 | 3.6||
+ Top Tackles || D. || 4| 20 | 2.0| 4| 20 | 2.0| 4| 20 | 2.0||
+ Top Leaders || S. || 2| 20 | 2.0| 2| 20 | 2.0| 2| 20 | 2.0||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 20 | 1.4| 2| 20 | 1.4| 2| 20 | 1.4||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 4| 15 | 1.4| 4| 15 | 1.4| 4| 15 | 1.4||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays ||T. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 4| 15 | 1.4| 4| 15 | 1.4| 4| 15 | 1.4||
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ be fitted with || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ band over || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || 2| 18 | 2.7| 2| 18 | 2.7| 2| 18 | 2.7||
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 19 | 2.5| 2| 19 | 2.5| 2| 19 | 2.5||
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 2| 22 | 1.6| 2| 22 | 1.6| 2| 22 | 1.6||
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 2| 22 | 1.6| 2| 22 | 1.6| 2| 22 | 1.6||
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 2| 22 | 1.6| 2| 22 | 1.6| 2| 22 | 1.6||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 17 | 1.7| 2| 17 | 1.7| 2| 17 | 1.7||
+ Braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stay || S. || 2| 14 | 1.7| 2| 14 | 1.7| 2| 14 | 1.7||
+ Braces under || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Trestle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trees || S. || 2| 15 | 1.7| 2| 15 | 1.7| 2| 15 | 1.7||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 20 | 2.2| 2| 20 | 2.2| 2| 20 | 2.2||
+ Leaders for || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || Clump.|| 2| 12 | 2.2| 2| 12 | 2.2| 2| 12 | 2.2||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Clews of Top- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6||
+ Bunt-lines at ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || b’d. || 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 12 | 1.6| 4| 12 | 1.6| 4| 12 | 1.6||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Top-sail || S. || 2| 13 | 2.3| 2| 13 | 2.3| 2| 13 | 2.3||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 10 | 1.4| 1| 10 | 1.4| 1| 10 | 1.4||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.2| 4| 9 | 1.2| 4| 9 | 1.2||
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Span for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Leaders for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boom-braces in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Rigging || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ F’RE TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 2.2| 1| 14 | 2.2| 1| 14 | 2.2||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1||
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.3||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-m’st Stay || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Braces on Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Lifts in Top ||S.Clamp.| 2| 6 | 1.6| 2| 6 | 1.6| 2| 6 | 4.6||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Span Blocks, || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-gallant || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Ends || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Royal Braces || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’n T’p-gallant|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mast-head || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Bunt-line || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d || 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 12 | 1.5||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5||
+ Throat || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 12 | 1.5||
+ Throat || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 12 | 1.5||
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Sheets || S. || 4| 13 | 1.7| 4| 13 | 1.7| 4| 13 | 1.7||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN MAST AND || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || 2| 20 | 2.0| 2| 20 | 2.0| 2| 20 | 2.0||
+ Tackle for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || D. || 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 17 | 1.6||
+ Tackle for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 17 | 1.6||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 17 | 1.6| 2| 17 | 1.6| 2| 17 | 1.6||
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || 2| 17 | 1.6| 2| 17 | 1.6| 2| 17 | 1.6||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Jeers || T. || 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4||
+ Jeers || D. || 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4||
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4| 2| 22 | 2.4||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 17 | 2.3| 2| 17 | 2.3| 2| 17 | 2.3||
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 15 | 1.7| 2| 15 | 1.7| 2| 15 | 1.7||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under M’n Top || D. || 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under M’n Top || Shoe. || 2| 18 | 1.3| 2| 18 | 1.3| 2| 18 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Yard || S. || 4| 8 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Top || D. || 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ After || D. || 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ After || S. || 4| 8 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.3||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 20 | 2.0| 2| 20 | 2.0| 2| 20 | 2.0||
+ Braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bumkins || S. || 2| 20 | 2.0| 2| 20 | 2.0| 2| 20 | 2.0||
+ Lifts on Cap || D. || 2| 17 | 2.3| 2| 17 | 2.3| 2| 17 | 2.3||
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 9 | 1.1||
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (in and out) || S. || 6| 9 | 1.1| 6| 9 | 1.1| 6| 9 | 1.1||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 9 | 1.1||
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || 3| 8 | 1.1| 3| 8 | 1.1| 3| 8 | 1.1||
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Yard || sc’e || 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8||
+ Tack Blocks || S. || 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3||
+ Tacks in Clews || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3| 2| 16 | 2.3||
+ Runner for Bow-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ line || S. || 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ Jigger for Bow-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ line || S. || 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ Tricing-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Studding- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Gear || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-MAST &|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 22 | 3.6| 2| 22 | 3.6| 2| 22 | 3.6||
+ Top Tackles || D. || 4| 22 | 2.6| 4| 22 | 2.6| 4| 22 | 2.6||
+ Top Leaders || S. || 2| 20 | 2.6| 2| 20 | 2.6| 2| 20 | 2.6||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 20 | 1.4| 2| 20 | 1.4| 2| 20 | 1.4||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 12 | 2.8| 2| 12 | 2.8| 2| 12 | 2.8||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 4| 15 | 1.4| 4| 15 | 1.4| 4| 15 | 1.4||
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || b’d. || 4| 15 | 1.4| 4| 15 | 1.4| 4| 15 | 1.4||
+ Stay leading in|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Fore Top || S. || 1| 15 | 3.6| 1| 15 | 3.6| 1| 15 | 3.6||
+ Spring Stay || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ leading in Fore|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top || S. || 1| 15 | 3.6| 1| 15 | 3.6| 1| 15 | 3.6||
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ be fitted with || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ band over || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || 2| 18 | 2.7| 2| 18 | 2.7| 2| 18 | 2.7||
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 20 | 2.7| 2| 20 | 2.7| 2| 20 | 2.7||
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 2| 24 | 1.6| 2| 24 | 1.6| 2| 24 | 1.6||
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 2| 24 | 1.6| 2| 24 | 1.6| 2| 24 | 1.6||
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 2| 22 | 1.6| 2| 22 | 1.6| 2| 22 | 1.6||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 18 | 1.8| 2| 18 | 1.8| 2| 18 | 1.8||
+ Braces on Mizen|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’st || S. || 2| 14 | 1.8| 2| 14 | 1.8| 2| 14 | 1.8||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 20 | 2.3| 2| 20 | 2.3| 2| 20 | 2.3||
+ Leaders for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || Clamp.|| 2| 12 | 2.3| 2| 12 | 2.3| 2| 12 | 2.3||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Clews of sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 1| 11 | 1.6| 1| 11 | 1.6| 1| 11 | 1.6||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 1| 11 | 1.6| 1| 11 | 1.6| 1| 11 | 1.6||
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 13 | 1.6| 2| 13 | 1.6| 2| 13 | 1.6||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 9 | 1.3| 4| 9 | 1.3| 4| 9 | 1.3||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 13 | 2.3| 2| 13 | 2.3| 2| 13 | 2.3||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 8 | 1.4| 1| 8 | 1.4| 1| 8 | 1.4||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.2| 4| 9 | 1.2| 4| 9 | 1.2||
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Bow-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Fore Top || S. || 2| 13 | 1.6| 2| 13 | 1.6| 2| 13 | 1.1||
+ Span for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 13 | 1.7||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Down-hauler in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Leaders for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boom-braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bumkin || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 2.2| 1| 14 | 2.2| 1| 14 | 2.2||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1| 2| 11 | 1.1||
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.3||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Miz. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast Stay || S. || 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Braces at Mizen|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Lifts in Top || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || Clamp.|| 2| 9 | 1.6| 2| 9 | 1.6| 2| 9 | 1.6||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Span Blocks, || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Top- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ gallant || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MA’N ROYAL MAST|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Royal Braces || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mizen Top- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ gallant || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Bunt-line || S. || 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Bow-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ leading to || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ F. T. G. Mast- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head || S. || 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Throat || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Sheets || S. || 4| 10 | 1.5| 4| 10 | 1.5| 4| 10 | 1.5||
+ Sheets on Booms|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of two-masted || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ vessels || D. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN MAST AND || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ CROSS-JACK || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Y’RD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.6||
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.6||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || 1| 9 | 1.1| 1| 9 | 1.1| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || 1| 9 | 1.1| 1| 9 | 1.1| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 12 | 2.0||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Braces leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Lifts on Cap || S. || 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8||
+ Quarter Davit || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || D. || 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Quarter Davit || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-MAST || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks || Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 17 | 2.8| 2| 17 | 2.8| 2| 17 | 2.8||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 18 | 1.1| 2| 18 | 1.1| 2| 18 | 1.1||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 10 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 13 | 1.3| 2| 13 | 1.3| 2| 13 | 1.3||
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || b’d. || 2| 13 | 1.3| 2| 13 | 1.3| 2| 13 | 1.3||
+ Stay leading in|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Top || S. || 1| 10 | 2.5| 1| 10 | 2.5| 1| 10 | 2.5||
+ Tye ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 13 | 2.5| 1| 13 | 2.5| 1| 13 | 2.5||
+ Fly || D. || 1| 16 | 1.4| 1| 16 | 1.4| 1| 16 | 1.4||
+ Fly || S. || 1| 16 | 1.4| 1| 16 | 1.4| 1| 16 | 1.4||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.3||
+ Braces leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ at the Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || S. || 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.3||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 18 | 1.7| 2| 18 | 1.7| 2| 18 | 1.7||
+ Leaders for || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || Clamp.|| 2| 9 | 1.7| 2| 9 | 1.7| 2| 9 | 1.7||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 8 | .8| 2| 8 | .8| 2| 8 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 8 | .8| 2| 8 | .8| 2| 8 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 11 | 1.4||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Clews of sail || S. || 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 11 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 8 | 1.0| 1| 8 | 1.0| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 8 | 1.0| 4| 8 | 1.0| 4| 8 | 1.0||
+ Bow-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ the Main Top || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-GAL’T|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST & YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ Halliards || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Lifts in Top || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Bull’s Eyes) || S. || 2| — | — | 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-line || S. || 1| 7 | 1.2| 1| 7 | 1.2| 1| 7 | 1.2||
+ Bow-lines at || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head || D. || 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top || b’d. || 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Braces Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Bow-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ leading to M’n || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast head || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 1| 6 | 1.0| 1| 6 | 1.0| 1| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ SPANKER BOOM || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND GAFF. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 13 | 2.7| 2| 13 | 2.7| 2| 13 | 2.7||
+ Tackles for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || D. || 2| 12 | 1.2| 2| 12 | 1.2| 2| 12 | 1.2||
+ Tackles for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 12 | 1.2| 2| 12 | 1.2| 2| 12 | 1.2||
+ Sheets || D. || 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7||
+ Sheets || S. || 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.7||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 1.4| 1| 14 | 1.4| 1| 14 | 1.4||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 2| 13 | 1.4| 2| 13 | 1.4| 2| 13 | 1.4||
+ Throat || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 14 | 1.4| 1| 14 | 1.4| 1| 14 | 1.4||
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || b’d. || 1| 14 | 1.4| 1| 14 | 1.4| 1| 14 | 1.4||
+ Peak Brails ||Cheek. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails ||S. || 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2 | 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2 | 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Outhauler || S. || 1| 13 | 1.7| 1 | 13 | 1.7| 1| 13 | 1.7||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2 | 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Vangs leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Quarter || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2 | 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Dasher Block || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Ensign || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards) || D. || 1| — | — | 1 | — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MISCELLANEOUS || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ BLOCKS. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Cat Blocks || T. || 2| 20 | 2.6| 2 | 20 | 2.6| 2| 20 | 2.6||
+ Cat Backropes || S. || 4| 9 | 1.2| 4 | 9 | 1.2| 4| 9 | 1.2||
+ Fish Tackle || D. || 4| 20 | 2.2| 4 | 20 | 2.2| 4| 20 | 2.2||
+ Fish Leaders || S. || 3| 18 | 2.2| 3 | 18 | 2.2| 3| 18 | 2.2||
+ Clear Hawse || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pend’nts || S. || 1| — | — | 1 | — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Bull’s Eyes for|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ clothes-lines || — ||100| — | — |00 | — | — |100| — | — ||
+ Cap Bobstay || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hearts ||L. Vit.|| 2| — | — | 2 | — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Middle and || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Inner H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 4| — | — | 4 | — | — | 4| — | — ||
+ Bowsprit Shr’ds|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 8| — | — | 8 | — | — | 8| — | — ||
+ Iron-strapped || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bull’s Eyes (in|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head), size and|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ number as req’d|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Luff Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 60| 12 | 1.4| 60| 12 | 1.4| 60| 12 | 1.4||
+ Luff Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stays || D. || 16| 15 | 1.8| 16| 15 | 1.8| 16| 15 | 1.8||
+ Leading Rigging|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Fo’castle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and Gangways || Assort|| 12| — | — | 12| — | — | 12| — | — ||
+ Fife-rail || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Leaders || d. sc || 56| — | — | 56| — | — | 56| — | — ||
+ Side Leaders || — ||100| — | — |100| — | — |100| — | — ||
+ Snatch Blocks || Assort|| 20| — | — | 20| — | — | 20| — | — ||
+ Hammock Girt- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 20| 12 | 1.8| 20| 12 | 1.8| 20| 12 | 1.8||
+ Ham’ck Tricing-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 12| 10 | 1.4| 12| 10 | 1.4| 12| 10 | 1.4||
+ Relieving || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Relieving || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || S. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Awning Jiggers || D. || 8| 10 | 1.4| 8| 10 | 1.4| 8| 10 | 1.4||
+ Lower Yard || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 9 | 1.1||
+ Crow-foot || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Awnings || S. || 12| 7 | .9| 12| 7 | .9| 12| 7 | .9||
+ Stern, Quarter || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and Waist Davit|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks ||D. Irb.|| 20| 10 | 1.4| 20| 10 | 1.4| 20| 10 | 1.4||
+ Leading Trucks || D. || 30| — | — | 30| — | — | 30| — | — ||
+ Leading Trucks || S. || 30| — | — | 30| — | — | 30| — | — ||
+ Fore Yard ||Fiddle || 2| 33 | 1.7| 2| 33 | 1.7| 2| 33 | 1.7||
+ Fore Yard || S. || 2| 18 | 1.7| 2| 18 | 1.7| 2| 18 | 1.7||
+ Fore Stay || D. || 1| 17 | 1.7| 1| 17 | 1.7| 1| 17 | 1.7||
+ Fore Stay || S. || 1| 17 | 1.7| 1| 17 | 1.7| 1| 17 | 1.7||
+ Main Yard ||Fiddle || 2| 33 | 1.7| 2| 33 | 1.7| 2| 33 | 1.7||
+ Main Yard || S. || 2| 18 | 1.7| 2| 18 | 1.7| 2| 18 | 1.7||
+ Main Stay || D. || 1| 17 | 1.7| 1| 17 | 1.7| 1| 17 | 1.7||
+ Main Stay || S. || 1| 17 | 1.7| 1| 17 | 1.7| 1| 17 | 1.7||
+ Quarter and || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stay || S. || 4| 16 | 1.6| 4| 16 | 1.6| 4| 16 | 1.6||
+ Dead Eyes (set)|| — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Stock and Bill || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || D. || 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Stock and Bill || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || S. || 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Trucks for Jaws|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Gaff (set) || — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Masthead Trucks|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (set) || — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Burtons || D. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Burtons || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+
+ ===============++=======++===============++===============================++
+ || || || ||
+ || ++ || ||
+ || || || =Frigates.= ||
+ ||=De- ++ ++---------------+---------------++
+ ||scrip- || =Razees.= || 1st Class. | 2d Class. ||
+ =Names ||tion ++---+-----+-----++---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----++
+ of ||of || | |Swal-|| | |Swal-| | |Swal-||
+ Blocks.= ||Block.=||No.|Size.| low.||No.|Size.| low.|No.|Size.| low.||
+ ---------------++-------++---+-----+-----++---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----++
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FLYING JIB- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ BOOM. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 7 | 1.0|| 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Royal Bow-lines|| S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Halliards F. T.|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Gallant-mast- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ head || S. || 1| 7 | 1.3|| 1| 7 | 1.3| 1| 7 | 1.3||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ JIB-BOOM. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 8 | 1.3|| 1| 8 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.3||
+ Brails on Stay || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Brails leading || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ on Boom-end || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Martingale || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ back-ropes || D. || 2| 10 | 1.6|| 2| 9 | 1.5| 2| 9 | 1.5||
+ Martingale || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ back-ropes || S. || 2| 10 | 1.6|| 2| 9 | 1.5| 2| 9 | 1.5||
+ Top-gallant || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bow-lines || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Guy Tackles || D. || 4| 12 | 1.2|| 4| 12 | 1.2| 4| 10 | 1.2||
+ Guy-Tackles || S. || 4| 12 | 1.2|| 4| 12 | 1.2| 4| 10 | 1.2||
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| D. || 1| 12 | 1.1|| 1| 11 | 1.1| 1| 10 | 1.1||
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| S. || 1| 12 | 1.1|| 1| 11 | 1.1| 1| 10 | 1.1||
+ Sheets in Clew || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Hall’rds in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 12 | 1.4|| 1| 11 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Halliards on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.4|| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.2||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ SPRIT-SAIL || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Lifts leading || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ to Bowsprit Cap|| S. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Brace on Yard- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arm || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Brace on Fore- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ stay || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Brace on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ BOWSPRIT. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Fore-top Bow- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5||
+ Fore Bow-lines || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5||
+ Fore Top-mast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Stay-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2|| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ Fore top-mast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 11 | 1.4|| 1| 11 | 1.4| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ F. T. Mast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ trestle trees || b’d. || 1| 11 | 1.4|| 1| 11 | 1.4| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ F. T. Mast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Stay-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sheets in clew || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.4||
+ F. Storm stay- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail stay on || S. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bowsprit || Clump.|| 1| 12 | 2.4|| 1| 12 | 2.4| 1| 12 | 2.4||
+ F. Storm Stay- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Downhaul || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2|| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 8 | 1.2||
+ F. storm stay- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail halliards || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ in head of sail|| S. || 1| 12 | 1.4|| 1| 11 | 1.3| 1| 11 | 1.3||
+ F. S. stay-sail|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ halliards on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 1| 12 | 1.4|| 1| 11 | 1.3| 1| 11 | 1.3||
+ Bumkin Blocks, || S. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (fore tacks) ||Should’|| 2| 14 | 2.2|| 2| 14 | 2.2| 2| 14 | 2.2||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FOREM’ST & || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || 1| 16 | 2.8|| 1| 16 | 2.8| 1| 15 | 2.6||
+ Tackle for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Runner || D. || 1| 17 | 1.6|| 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 16 | 1.6||
+ Tackle for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || 1| 17 | 1.6|| 1| 17 | 1.6| 1| 16 | 1.6||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 17 | 1.6|| 2| 16 | 1.5| 2| 15 | 1.5||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 17 | 1.6|| 2| 16 | 1.5| 2| 15 | 1.5||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| — p’t — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| | | ||
+ Jeers || T. || 2| 22 | 2.4|| 2| 20 | 2.1| 2| 18 | 2.0||
+ Jeers || D. || 2| 22 | 2.4|| 2| 20 | 2.1| 2| 18 | 2.0||
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || 2| 20 | 2.1|| 2| 20 | 2.1| 2| 18 | 2.0||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 16 | 2.3|| 2| 14 | 2.1| 2| 14 | 2.1||
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 14 | 1.7|| 2| 13 | 1.6| 2| 13 | 1.6||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.7|| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ under Fore Top || D. || 2| 9 | 1.3|| 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ under Fore Top || Shoe. || 2| 18 | 1.3|| 2| 16 | 1.2| 2| 16 | 1.2||
+ Leech-lines on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || S. || 4| 8 | 1.2|| 4| 8 | 1.2| 4| 7 | 1.0||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ under Top || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ After || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ After || S. || 4| 8 | 1.2|| 4| 8 | 1.2| 4| 7 | 1.0||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 15 | 1.6|| 2| 15 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.5||
+ Braces leading || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ under Main || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 2| 15 | 1.6|| 2| 15 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.5||
+ Lifts on Cap || D. || 2| 16 | 2.2|| 2| 16 | 2.2|2S.| 14 | 2.0||
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 16 | 2.2|| 2| 16 | 2.2| 2| 14 | 2.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1|| 4| 8 | 1.0| 4| 8 | 1.0||
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (in and out) || S. || 6| 9 | 1.1|| 6| 8 | 1.0| 6| 8 | 1.0||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 8 | 1.1|| 4| 8 | 1.1| 4| 8 | 1.1||
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || 3| 8 | 1.1|| 3| 8 | 1.1| 3| 7 | 1.0||
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || sc’e || 2| 12 | 1.8|| 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 11 | 1.7||
+ Fore Tacks in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 14 | 2.2|| 2| 14 | 2.2| 2| 14 | 2.2||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 14 | 2.2|| 2| 14 | 2.2| 2| 14 | 2.2||
+ Swinging-boom || S. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || clamp.|| 2| 11 | 1.5|| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Swinging-boom || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-whips || D. || 2| 11 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0||
+ Swinging-boom || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-whips || S. || 2| 11 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 10 | 1.0||
+ Pendants for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ outer Halliards|| S. || 2| 15 | 1.7|| 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.6||
+ Outer Studding-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ on Boom || S. || 2| 12 | 1.8|| 2| 11 | 1.7| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ on Yard || S. || 2| 9 | 1.3|| 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ on Quarter || S. || 2| 9 | 1.3|| 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Tripping-line || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Lower Studding-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Downhaul || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ After Guys ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Forward Guys || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Cheek on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bowsprit) || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Tacks on Boom- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ end || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Tricing-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ for Studding- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Gear || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP MAST || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 20 | 3.0|| 2| 20 | 3.0| 2| 20 | 3.0||
+ Top Tackles || D. || 4| 20 | 2.0|| 4| 19 | 1.9| 4| 18 | 1.9||
+ Top Leaders || S. || 2| 20 | 2.0|| 2| 19 | 1.9| 2| 18 | 1.9||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 18 | 1.4|| 2| 18 | 1.4| 2| 16 | 1.4||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 11 | 1.4|| 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 11 | 1.5|| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 4| 14 | 1.4|| 4| 14 | 1.4| 4| 14 | 1.4||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays ||T. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 4| 14 | 1.4|| 4| 14 | 1.4| 4| 14 | 1.4||
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ be fitted with || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ band over || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || 2| 18 | 2.7|| 2| 17 | 2.7| 2| 16 | 2.5||
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 18 | 2.5|| 2| 17 | 2.4| 2| 16 | 2.3||
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 2| 20 | 1.6|| 2| 20 | 1.6| 2| 18 | 1.5||
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 2| 20 | 1.6|| 2| 20 | 1.6| 2| 18 | 1.5||
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 2| 20 | 1.6|| 2| 20 | 1.6| 2| 18 | 1.5||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 16 | 1.7|| 2| 16 | 1.6| 2| 15 | 1.6||
+ Braces on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Main || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Stay || S. || 2| 12 | 1.7|| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Braces under || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Main Trestle || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Trees || S. || 2| 15 | 1.7|| 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.6||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 20 | 2.1|| 2| 19 | 2.0| 2| 18 | 2.0||
+ Leaders for || S. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || Clump.|| 2| 10 | 2.1|| 2| 10 | 2.0| 2| 10 | 2.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 10 | 1.0|| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 10 | 1.0|| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 13 | 1.7|| 2| 13 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Clews of Top- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail || S. || 2| 11 | 1.6|| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 2| 11 | 1.6|| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 2| 11 | 1.6|| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Bunt-lines at ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || b’d. || 2| 12 | 1.6|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 12 | 1.6|| 4| 12 | 1.6| 4| 11 | 1.6||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of Top-sail || S. || 2| 12 | 2.2|| 2| 12 | 2.2| 2| 11 | 2.0||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 10 | 1.4|| 1| 9 | 1.2| 1| 9 | 1.2||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 8 | 1.2|| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 7 | 1.1||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2|| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 7 | 1.1||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.2|| 4| 9 | 1.2| 4| 8 | 1.1||
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Span for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Leaders for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Boom-braces in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Main Rigging || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ F’RE TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 2.0|| 1| 13 | 2.0| 1| 12 | 2.0||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Braces on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Main || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-m’st Stay || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Braces on Main || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 9 | 1.5|| 2| 9 | 1.5| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Lifts in Top ||S.Clamp|| 2| 6 | 1.5|| 2| 6 | 1.5| 2| 6 | 1.4||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4|| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Span Blocks, || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-gallant || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Ends || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Royal Braces || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ M’n T’p-gallant|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Mast-head || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Bunt-line || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d || 1| 12 | 1.5|| 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.4||
+ Throat || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 12 | 1.5|| 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ Throat || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.5|| 1| 12 | 1.5| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0|| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Sheets || S. || 4| 12 | 1.6|| 4| 12 | 1.6| 4| 11 | 1.5||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN MAST AND || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || 2| 19 | 2.0|| 2| 19 | 2.0| 1| 15 | 2.6||
+ Tackle for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Runner || D. || 1| 16 | 1.6|| 1| 16 | 1.6| 1| 15 | 1.6||
+ Tackle for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || 1| 17 | 1.6|| 1| 16 | 1.6| 1| 15 | 1.6||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 17 | 1.6|| 2| 16 | 1.6| 2| 15 | 1.6||
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || 2| 16 | 1.6|| 2| 16 | 1.6| 2| 15 | 1.6||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| — p’t — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| | | ||
+ Jeers || T. || 2| 22 | 2.4|| 2| 20 | 2.4| 2| 19 | 2.3||
+ Jeers || D. || 2| 22 | 2.4|| 2| 20 | 2.4| 2| 19 | 2.3||
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || 2| 22 | 2.4|| 2| 20 | 2.4| 2| 19 | 2.3||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 16 | 2.2|| 2| 16 | 2.2| 2| 15 | 2.1||
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 14 | 1.6|| 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 13 | 1.5||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.6|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.5||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ under M’n Top || D. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ under M’n Top || Shoe. || 2| 18 | 1.3|| 2| 18 | 1.3| 2| 16 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || S. || 4| 8 | 1.3|| 4| 8 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ under Top || D. || 2| 8 | 1.3|| 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ After || D. || 2| 8 | 1.3|| 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ After || S. || 4| 8 | 1.3|| 4| 8 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.3||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 19 | 2.0|| 2| 19 | 2.0| 2| 18 | 1.9||
+ Braces on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bumkins || S. || 2| 19 | 2.0|| 2| 19 | 2.0| 2| 18 | 1.9||
+ Lifts on Cap || D. || 2| 16 | 2.3|| 2| 16 | 2.3|2S.| 15 | 2.2||
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 15 | 2.3|| 2| 14 | 2.2| 2| 13 | 2.1||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1|| 4| 8 | 1.0| 4| 8 | 1.0||
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (in and out) || S. || 6| 9 | 1.1|| 6| 8 | 1.0| 6| 8 | 1.0||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1|| 4| 9 | 1.1| 4| 8 | 1.0||
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || 3| 8 | 1.1|| 3| 8 | 1.1| 3| 7 | 1.0||
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Yard || sc’e || 2| 11 | 1.8|| 2| 11 | 1.8| 2| 10 | 1.7||
+ Tack Blocks || S. || 2| 15 | 2.3|| 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 14 | 2.2||
+ Tacks in Clews || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 15 | 2.3|| 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 14 | 2.2||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 15 | 2.3|| 2| 15 | 2.3| 2| 14 | 2.2||
+ Runner for Bow-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ line || S. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Jigger for Bow-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ line || S. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Tricing-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ for Studding- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Gear || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-MAST &|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 20 | 3.0|| 2| 20 | 3.0| 2| 20 | 3.0||
+ Top Tackles || D. || 4| 20 | 2.6|| 4| 20 | 2.6| 4| 18 | 2.4||
+ Top Leaders || S. || 2| 20 | 2.6|| 2| 20 | 2.6| 2| 18 | 2.4||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 18 | 1.4|| 2| 18 | 1.4| 2| 17 | 1.4||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 11 | 1.4|| 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 11 | 2.8|| 2| 11 | 2.8| 2| 10 | 2.6||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 4| 14 | 1.4|| 4| 14 | 1.4| 4| 13 | 1.4||
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || b’d. || 4| 14 | 1.4|| 4| 14 | 1.4| 4| 13 | 1.4||
+ Stay leading in|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Fore Top || S. || 1| 14 | 3.6|| 1| 14 | 3.6| 1| 13 | 3.4||
+ Spring Stay || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ leading in Fore|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top || S. || 1| 14 | 3.6|| 1| 14 | 3.6| 1| 13 | 3.4||
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ be fitted with || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ band over || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || 2| 18 | 2.7|| 2| 17 | 2.7| 2| 16 | 2.5||
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 18 | 2.6|| 2| 18 | 2.6| 2| 16 | 2.4||
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 2| 24 | 1.6|| 2| 22 | 1.5| 2| 22 | 1.5||
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 2| 24 | 1.6|| 2| 22 | 1.5| 2| 22 | 1.5||
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 2| 20 | 1.6|| 2| 20 | 1.6| 2| 18 | 1.5||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 18 | 1.8|| 2| 16 | 1.7| 2| 15 | 1.7||
+ Braces on Mizen|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ M’st || S. || 2| 14 | 1.8|| 2| 14 | 1.7| 2| 14 | 1.7||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 20 | 2.3|| 2| 19 | 2.2| 2| 18 | 2.2||
+ Leaders for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || S. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || Clamp.|| 2| 10 | 2.3|| 2| 10 | 2.2| 2| 9 | 2.2||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 10 | 1.0|| 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 10 | 1.0|| 2| 10 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 13 | 1.7|| 2| 13 | 1.7| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Clews of sail || S. || 2| 12 | 1.6|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.5||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 1| 11 | 1.6|| 1| 11 | 1.6| 1| 11 | 1.5||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 1| 11 | 1.6|| 1| 11 | 1.6| 1| 11 | 1.5||
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 13 | 1.6|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.5||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 9 | 1.3|| 4| 9 | 1.3| 4| 8 | 1.2||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 2.2|| 2| 12 | 2.2| 2| 11 | 2.0||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 10 | 1.2|| 1| 9 | 1.1| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 8 | 1.4|| 1| 8 | 1.4| 1| 7 | 1.1||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 2| 7 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 6 | 1.1||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 9 | 1.2|| 4| 8 | 1.1| 4| 8 | 1.1||
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Bow-lines in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Fore Top || S. || 2| 13 | 1.6|| 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.5||
+ Span for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 13 | 1.7|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 12 | 1.6||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 9 | 1.5|| 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Down-hauler in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Sails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Leaders for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Boom-braces on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bumkin || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 2.2|| 1| 13 | 2.0| 1| 12 | 2.0||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 12 | 1.3|| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Braces on || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Miz. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast Stay || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Braces at Mizen|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 9 | 1.5|| 2| 9 | 1.5| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Lifts in Top || S. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || Clamp.|| 2| 9 | 1.5|| 2| 9 | 1.5| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 9 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4|| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 2| 8 | .9|| 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Span Blocks, || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ gallant || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MA’N ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Royal Braces || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Mizen Top- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ gallant || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 5 | .7||
+ Bunt-line || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Bow-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ leading to || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ F. T. G. Mast- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ head || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 5 | .7||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.4|| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 1| 12 | 1.4|| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ Throat || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 12 | 1.4|| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.4|| 1| 12 | 1.4| 1| 11 | 1.4||
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Sheets || S. || 4| 10 | 1.4|| 4| 10 | 1.4| 4| 9 | 1.4||
+ Sheets on Booms|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of two-masted || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ vessels || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN MAST AND || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ CROSS-JACK || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Y’RD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 13 | 1.5|| 2| 13 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || 2| 13 | 1.5|| 2| 13 | 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || 1| 8 | 1.0|| 1| 8 | 1.0| — p’t — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || 1| 8 | 1.0|| 1| 8 | 1.0| — p’t — ||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 11 | 2.0|| 2| 11 | 2.0| 2| 10 | 1.8||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 11 | 1.4|| 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Braces leading || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ under Main || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees || D. || 2| 9 | 1.4|| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Lifts on Cap || S. || 2| 11 | 1.8|| 2| 11 | 1.8| 2| 10 | 1.7||
+ Quarter Davit || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || D. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Quarter Davit || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-MAST || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks || Iron || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 16 | 2.6|| 1| 15 | 2.4| 1| 14 | 2.0||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 18 | 1.1|| 2| 16 | 1.1| 2| 16 | 1.0||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.0||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 10 | 1.5|| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 13 | 1.3|| 2| 13 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.2||
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || b’d. || 2| 13 | 1.3|| 2| 13 | 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.2||
+ Stay leading in|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top || S. || 1| 10 | 2.5|| 1| 8 | 2.0| 1| 8 | 2.0||
+ Tye ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 13 | 2.5|| 1| 12 | 2.0| 1| 14 | 1.2||
+ Fly || D. || 1| 16 | 1.4|| 1| 15 | 1.4| 1| 14 | 1.2||
+ Fly || S. || 1| 16 | 1.4|| 1| 15 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 12 | 1.3|| 2| 11 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Braces leading || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ at the Main || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || S. || 2| 12 | 1.3|| 2| 11 | 1.2| 2| 15 | 1.5||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 18 | 1.7|| 2| 16 | 1.7| 2| 8 | 1.5||
+ Leaders for || S. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || Clamp.|| 2| 8 | 1.7|| 2| 8 | 1.7| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 8 | .8|| 2| 8 | .8| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 8 | .8|| 2| 8 | .8| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.4|| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Clews of sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.3|| 2| 8 | 1.3| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2|| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 1| 8 | 1.2|| 1| 8 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.8||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 10 | 1.9|| 2| 10 | 1.9| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 8 | 1.0|| 1| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 8 | 1.0|| 4| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Bow-lines in || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ the Main Top || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .8||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-GAL’T|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MAST & YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 11 | 1.4|| 1| 11 | 1.4| 1| 10 | 1.4||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 11 | 1.4|| 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 11 | 1.4|| 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 8 | 1.2|| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Halliards || S. || 1| 8 | 1.2|| 1| 8 | 1.2| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ arms || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Main || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 7 | 1.3|| 2| 7 | 1.3| 2| 7 | 1.3||
+ Lifts in Top || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Bull’s Eyes) || S. || 2| — | — || 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 7 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 6 | 1.1||
+ Bunt-line || S. || 1| 7 | 1.2|| 1| 7 | 1.2| 1| 6 | 1.1||
+ Bow-lines at || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-mast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ head || D. || 2| 7 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.2| 1| 6 | 1.1||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Breast || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top || b’d. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Braces Main || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Bow-lines || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ leading to M’n || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast head || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 1| 6 | 1.0|| 1| 6 | 1.0| 1| 5 | .9||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ SPANKER BOOM || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ AND GAFF. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 13 | 2.7|| 2| 12 | 2.5| 2| 12 | 2.5||
+ Tackles for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || D. || 2| 12 | 1.2|| 2| 11 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Tackles for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 12 | 1.2|| 2| 11 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Sheets || D. || 2| 12 | 1.7|| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Sheets || S. || 2| 12 | 1.7|| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 13 | 1.4|| 1| 13 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.3||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 2| 12 | 1.4|| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ Throat || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 13 | 1.4|| 1| 13 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.3||
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || b’d. || 1| 13 | 1.4|| 1| 13 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.3||
+ Peak Brails ||Cheek. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails ||S. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 8 | 1.0| 1| 12 | 1.5||
+ Outhauler || S. || 1| 13 | 1.7|| 1| 12 | 1.5| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Vangs leading || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ on Quarter || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Dasher Block || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (Ensign || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards) || D. || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ MISCELLANEOUS || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ BLOCKS. || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Cat Blocks || T. || 2| 20 | 2.5|| 2| 18 | 2.2| 2| 17 | 2.1||
+ Cat Backropes || S. || 4| 9 | 1.2|| 4| 8 | 1.1| 4| 8 | 1.1||
+ Fish Tackle || D. || 4| 20 | 2.2|| 4| 20 | 2.0| 4| 18 | 2.0||
+ Fish Leaders || S. || 3| 18 | 2.2|| 3| 16 | 1.8| 3| 16 | 1.8||
+ Clear Hawse || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Pend’nts || S. || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Bull’s Eyes for|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ clothes-lines || — ||100| — | — || 80| — | — | 60| — | — ||
+ Cap Bobstay || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Hearts ||L. Vit.|| 2| — | — || 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Middle and || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Inner H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 4| — | — || 4| — | — | 4| — | — ||
+ Bowsprit Shr’ds|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 8| — | — || 8| — | — | 8| — | — ||
+ Iron-strapped || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Bull’s Eyes (in|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ head), size and|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ number as req’d|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Luff Tackle || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 60| 12 | 1.4|| 40| 12 | 1.4| 40| 11 | 1.4||
+ Luff Tackle || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Blocks for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Stays || D. || 16| 14 | 1.6|| 16| 14 | 1.6| 16| 13 | 1.5||
+ Leading Rigging|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ on Fo’castle || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ and Gangways || Assort|| 12| — | — || 12| — | — | 12| — | — ||
+ Fife-rail || S. || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Leaders || d. sc || 56| — | — || 56| — | — | 40| — | — ||
+ Side Leaders || — ||100| — | — ||100| — | — |100| — | — ||
+ Snatch Blocks || Assort|| 20| — | — || 20| — | — | 20| — | — ||
+ Hammock Girt- || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 20| 12 | 1.8|| 16| 11 | 1.5| 16| 10 | 1.4||
+ Ham’ck Tricing-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 12| 10 | 1.4|| 12| 9 | 1.0| 12| 9 | 1.0||
+ Relieving || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4|| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Relieving || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || S. || 2| 10 | 1.4|| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Awning Jiggers || D. || 8| 10 | 1.4|| 8| 9 | 1.2| 8| 9 | 1.2||
+ Lower Yard || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1|| 4| 8 | 1.0| 4| 8 | 1.0||
+ Crow-foot || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Halliards for || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Awnings || S. || 12| 7 | .9|| 12| 7 | .9| 12| 6 | .8||
+ Stern, Quarter || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ and Waist Davit|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Blocks ||D. Irb.|| 20| 10 | 1.4|| 12| 10 | 1.4| 12| 10 | 1.2||
+ Leading Trucks || D. || 30| — | — || 30| — | — | 30| — | — ||
+ Leading Trucks || S. || 30| — | — || 30| — | — | 30| — | — ||
+ Fore Yard ||Fiddle || 2| 33 | 1.7|| 2| 33 | 1.7| 2| 30 | 1.6||
+ Fore Yard || S. || 2| 16 | 1.7|| 2| 16 | 1.7| 2| 16 | 1.5||
+ Fore Stay || D. || 1| 16 | 1.7|| 1| 16 | 1.7| 1| 15 | 1.6||
+ Fore Stay || S. || 1| 16 | 1.7|| 1| 16 | 1.7| 1| 15 | 1.6||
+ Main Yard ||Fiddle || 2| 33 | 1.7|| 2| 33 | 1.7| 2| 30 | 1.6||
+ Main Yard || S. || 2| 16 | 1.7|| 2| 16 | 1.7| 2| 16 | 1.5||
+ Main Stay || D. || 1| 16 | 1.7|| 1| 16 | 1.7| 1| 15 | 1.6||
+ Main Stay || S. || 1| 16 | 1.7|| 1| 16 | 1.7| 1| 15 | 1.6||
+ Quarter and || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Stay || S. || 4| 15 | 1.6|| 4| 15 | 1.6| 4| 14 | 1.5||
+ Dead Eyes (set)|| — || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Stock and Bill || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || D. || 2| 12 | 1.6|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.4||
+ Stock and Bill || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || S. || 2| 12 | 1.6|| 2| 12 | 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.4||
+ Trucks for Jaws|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ of Gaff (set) || — || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Masthead Trucks|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ (set) || — || 1| — | — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Burtons || D. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | || | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || || | | || | | | | | ||
+ Burtons || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+
+ ===============++=======++===============================================++
+ || || ||
+ || || ||
+ || || =Sloops of War.= ||
+ ||=De- ++---------------+---------------+---------------++
+ ||scrip- || 1st Class. | 2d Class. | 3d Class. ||
+ =Names ||tion ++---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----++
+ of ||of || | |Swal-| | |Swal-| | |Swal-||
+ Blocks.= ||Block.=||No.|Size.| low.|No.|Size.| low.|No.|Size.| low.||
+ ---------------++-------++---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----+---+-----+-----++
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FLYING JIB- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ BOOM. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Royal Bow-lines|| S. || 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 5 | .7||
+ Halliards F. T.|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Gallant-mast- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head || S. || 1| 7 | 1.3| 1| 6 | 1.1| 1| 6 | 1.1||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ JIB-BOOM. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 8 | 1.3| 1| 7 | 1.2| 1| 7 | 1.2||
+ Brails on Stay || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Brails leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Boom-end || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Martingale || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ back-ropes || D. || 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Martingale || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ back-ropes || S. || 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Top-gallant || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bow-lines || S. || 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Guy Tackles || D. || 4| 10 | 1.2| 4| 10 | 1.2| 4| 10 | 1.2||
+ Guy-Tackles || S. || 4| 10 | 1.2| 4| 10 | 1.2| 4| 10 | 1.2||
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| D. || 1| 10 | 1.1| 1| 10 | 1.1| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| S. || 1| 10 | 1.1| 1| 10 | 1.1| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ Sheets in Clew || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Hall’rds in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 9 | 1.1| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Halliards on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.0| 1| 10 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ SPRIT-SAIL || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ to Bowsprit Cap|| S. || 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Brace on Yard- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arm || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Brace on Fore- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ stay || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Brace on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ BOWSPRIT. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Fore-top Bow- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Fore Bow-lines || S. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Fore Top-mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stay-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Fore top-mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ F. T. Mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hall’rds on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ trestle trees || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ F. T. Mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stay-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sheets in clew || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of sail || S. || 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ F. Storm stay- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail stay on || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bowsprit || Clump.|| 1| 10 | 2.0| 1| 10 | 2.0| 1| 9 | 1.8||
+ F. Storm Stay- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Downhaul || S. || 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 6 | .9||
+ F. storm stay- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail halliards || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ in head of sail|| S. || 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ F. S. stay-sail|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ halliards on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ Bumkin Blocks, || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (fore tacks) ||Should’|| 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 1.8||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FOREM’ST & || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Tackle for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || D. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Tackle for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 14 | 1.4| 2| 13 | 1.4| 2| 13 | 1.4||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 14 | 1.4| 2| 13 | 1.4| 2| 13 | 1.4||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — p’t — | — p’t — | — p’t — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Jeers || T. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jeers || D. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 13 | 2.0| 2| 13 | 2.0| 2| 12 | 1.8||
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 12 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 11 | 1.4||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 10 | 1.5| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Fore Top || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Fore Top || Shoe. || 2| 14 | 1.1| 2| 14 | 1.1| 2| 12 | 1.0||
+ Leech-lines on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Yard || S. || 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 6 | .9| 4| 6 | .9||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Top || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ After || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ After || S. || 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 6 | .9| 4| 6 | .9||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 14 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.3||
+ Braces leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 2| 14 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.3||
+ Lifts on Cap || D. ||2S.| 12 | 1.8|2S.| 12 | 1.8|2S.| 11 | 1.7||
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 12 | 1.8| 2| 11 | 1.7||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || 4| 7 | .9| 4| 7 | .9| 4| 7 | .9||
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (in and out) || S. || 6| 7 | .9| 6| 7 | .9| 6| 7 | .9||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 7 | 1.0||
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || 3| 7 | 1.0| 3| 6 | .9| 3| 6 | .9||
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Yard || sc’e || 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Fore Tacks in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 1.8||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 1.8||
+ Swinging-boom || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || clamp.|| 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Swinging-boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-whips || D. || 2| 9 | .9| 2| 9 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Swinging-boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-whips || S. || 2| 9 | .9| 2| 9 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Pendants for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ outer Halliards|| S. || 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ Outer Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Boom || S. || 2| 9 | 1.5| 2| 9 | 1.5| 2| 9 | 1.5||
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Yard || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Quarter || S. ||| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Tripping-line || S. ||| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Lower Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Downhaul || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ After Guys ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Forward Guys || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Cheek on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bowsprit) || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Tacks on Boom- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ end || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Tricing-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Studding- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Gear || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TOP MAST || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 18| 2.5| 2| 18 | 2.5| 1| 16 | 2.2||
+ Top Tackles || D. || 4| 16| 1.8| 4| 16 | 1.8| 2| 14 | 1.5||
+ Top Leaders || S. || 2| 16| 1.8| 2| 16 | 1.8| 1| 14 | 1.5||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 15| 1.4| 2| 14 | 1.0| 2| 14 | 1.0||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 9| 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 10| 1.5| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 12| 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.2| 2| 12 | 1.2||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays ||T. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 12| 1.3| 2| 12 | 1.2| 2| 12 | 1.2||
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ be fitted with || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ band over || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || 2| 14| 2.4| 2| 14 | 2.4| 1| 12 | 1.8||
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14| 2.0| 1| 12 | 1.8| 1| 12 | 1.8||
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 2| 16| 1.4| 2| 14 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 2| 16| 1.4| 2| 14 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 2| 16| 1.4| 2| 14 | 1.4| 1| 12 | 1.4||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 14| 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stay || S. || 2| 9| 1.5| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Braces under || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Trestle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trees || S. || 2| 12| 1.5| 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 16| 1.9| 2| 15 | 1.8| 2| 14 | 1.8||
+ Leaders for || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || Clump.|| 2| 10| 1.9| 2| 9 | 1.8| 2| 8 | 1.8||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 8| .9| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 8| .9| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 11| 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Clews of Top- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail || S. || 2| 9| 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 2| 9| 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 2| 9| 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4||
+ Bunt-lines at ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || b’d. || 2| 9| 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 9| 1.4| 4| 9 | 1.4| 4| 9 | 1.4||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Top-sail || S. || 2| 10| 1.9| 2| 10 | 1.9| 2| 10 | 1.9||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 8| 1.0| 1| 8 | 1.0| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 7| 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 7| 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 7 | 1.0||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 8| 1.1| 4| 8 | 1.1| 4| 7 | 1.0||
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 7| .9| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Span for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 11| 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 11| 1.6| 2| 11 | 1.6| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 7| 1.1| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Downhaul in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sails || S. || 2| 7| .9| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Leaders for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boom-braces in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Rigging || S. || 2| 6| 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ F’RE TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 11 | 1.8| 1| 11 | 1.8| 1| 10 | 1.6||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-m’st Stay || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Braces on Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 7 | 1.4| 2| 7 | 1.4| 2| 7 | 1.4||
+ Lifts in Top ||S.Clamp|| 2| 6 | 1.4| 2| 6 | 1.4| 2| 6 | 1.4||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Span Blocks, || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-gallant || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Ends || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Royal Braces || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’n T’p-gallant|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mast-head || S. || 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Bunt-line || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 1| 5 | .8| 1| 5 | .8| 1| 5 | .8||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3||
+ Throat || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3||
+ Throat || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3||
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Sheets || S. || 4| 10 | 1.4| 4| 10 | 1.4| 4| 10 | 1.4||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN MAST AND || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Tackle for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || D. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Tackle for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 14 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.5||
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || 2| 14 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.5||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — p’t — | — p’t — | — p’t — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Jeers || T. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jeers || D. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 14 | 2.0| 2| 12 | 1.9| 2| 12 | 1.9||
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 12 | 1.4| 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 11 | 1.4||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under M’n Top || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under M’n Top || Shoe. || 2| 14 | 1.2| 2| 14 | 1.2| 2| 14 | 1.2||
+ Leech-lines on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Yard || S. || 4| 7 | 1.2| 4| 7 | 1.2| 4| 7 | 1.2||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Top || D. || 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ After || D. || 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Leech-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ After || S. || 4| 7 | 1.2| 4| 7 | 1.2 | 4| 7 | 1.2||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 16 | 1.8| 2| 15 | 1.8| 2| 14 | 1.7||
+ Braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bumkins || S. || 2| 16 | 1.8| 2| 15 | 1.8| 2| 14 | 1.7||
+ Lifts on Cap || D. ||2S.| 12 | 2.0|2S.| 11 | 1.9|2S.| 11 | 1.9||
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 10 | 1.8| — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || 4| 7 | .9| 4| 7 | .9| 4| 7 | .9||
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (in and out) || S. || 6| 7 | .9| 6| 7 | .9| 6| 7 | .9||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 7 | .9| 4| 7 | .9| 4| 7 | .9||
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || 3| 7 | 1.0| 3| 6 | .9| 3| 6 | .9||
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Yard || sc’e || 2| 9 | 1.6| 2| 9 | 1.6| 2| 9 | 1.6||
+ Tack Blocks || S. || 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0||
+ Tacks in Clews || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 12 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0||
+ Runner for Bow-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ line || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 6 | 1.2| 2| 6 | 1.2||
+ Jigger for Bow-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ line || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 6 | 1.2| 2| 6 | 1.2||
+ Tricing-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ for Studding- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Gear || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-MAST &|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 18 | 2.5| 2| 18 | 2.5| 1| 16 | 2.2||
+ Top Tackles || D. || 4| 16 | 1.8| 4| 16 | 1.8| 2| 14 | 1.5||
+ Top Leaders || S. || 2| 16 | 1.8| 2| 16 | 1.8| 1| 14 | 1.5||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 16 | 1.4| 2| 15 | 1.4| 2| 15 | 1.4||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 9 | 2.5| 2| 8 | 2.4| 2| 8 | 2.4||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || b’d. || 2| 12 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Stay leading in|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Fore Top || S. || 1| 12 | 3.2| 1| 12 | 3.2| 1| 11 | 3.0||
+ Spring Stay || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ leading in Fore|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top || S. || 1| 12 | 3.2| 1| 12 | 3.2| 1| 11 | 3.0||
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ be fitted with || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ band over || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || 2| 14 | 2.4| 2| 14 | 2.4| 2| 12 | 1.8||
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 2.2| 1| 13 | 2.0| 1| 12 | 1.9||
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 2| 20 | 1.4| 2| 16 | 1.4| 2| 16 | 1.4||
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 2| 20 | 1.4| 2| 16 | 1.4| 2| 16 | 1.4||
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 2| 16 | 1.4| 2| 14 | 1.4| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 13 | 1.5||
+ Braces on Mizen|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ M’st || S. || 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 14 | 1.6| 2| 13 | 1.5||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 16 | 2.0| 2| 15 | 1.9| 2| 14 | 1.8||
+ Leaders for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || Clamp.|| 2| 9 | 2.0| 2| 8 | 1.9| 2| 8 | 1.8||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Clews of sail || S. || 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3||
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3| 2| 10 | 1.3||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 8 | 1.2| 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 7 | 1.0||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 10 | 1.8| 2| 10 | 1.8| 2| 9 | 1.7||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 8 | 1.0| 1| 8 | 1.0| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 7 | 1.1| 1| 7 | 1.1| 1| 7 | 1.1||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 6 | .9||
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Bow-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Fore Top || S. || 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Span for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 11 | 1.5| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 7 | 1.3| 2| 6 | 1.2| 2| 5 | 1.1||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Down-hauler in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Sails || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Leaders for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Boom-braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bumkin || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 11 | 1.8| 1| 11 | 1.8| 1| 10 | 1.6||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 7 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Braces on || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Collar of Miz. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast Stay || S. || 2| 5 | .9| 2| 5 | .9| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Braces at Mizen|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 5 | .9| 2| 5 | .9| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 7 | 1.3| 2| 7 | 1.3| 2| 6 | 1.2||
+ Lifts in Top || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || Clamp.|| 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | .8| 2| 7 | .8| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 2| 7 | .8| 1| 6 | .8| 1| 6 | .7||
+ Span Blocks, || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Top- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ gallant || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Studding-sail || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 5 | .9| 2| 5 | .9| 2| 5 | .9||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MA’N ROYAL MAST|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .7| 2| 6 | .7||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top || b’d. || 2| 6 | .8| 2| 6 | .7| 2| 6 | .7||
+ Royal Braces || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Mizen Top- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ gallant || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 5 | .7| 2| 5 | .7| 2| 5 | .7||
+ Bunt-line || S. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Bow-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ leading to || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ F. T. G. Mast- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head || S. || 2| 5 | .7| 2| 5 | .7| 2| 5 | .7||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Throat || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Sheets || S. || 4| 8 | 1.2| 4| 8 | 1.2| 4| 8 | 1.2||
+ Sheets on Booms|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of two-masted || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ vessels || D. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN MAST AND || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ CROSS-JACK || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Y’RD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3| 2| 11 | 1.3||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — p’t — | — p’t — | — p’t — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || — p’t — | — p’t — | — p’t — ||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.7| 2| 8 | 1.6| 2| 8 | 1.6||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 8 | 1.1||
+ Braces leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ under Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Trestle Trees || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Lifts on Cap || S. || 2| 8 | 1.5| 2| 8 | 1.5| 2| 8 | 1.5||
+ Quarter Davit || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || D. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Davit || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 8 | 1.1| — | — | — ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-MAST || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Blocks || Iron || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 2.0| 1| 13 | 1.8| 1| 13 | 1.8||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 14 | 1.0| 2| 14 | 1.0| 2| 14 | .9||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | .9||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 11 | 1.2| 2| 11 | 1.2| 2| 11 | 1.2||
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || b’d. || 2| 11 | 1.2| 2| 11 | 1.2| 2| 11 | 1.2||
+ Stay leading in|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Top || S. || 1| 8 | 2.0| 1| 8 | 2.0| 1| 8 | 2.0||
+ Tye ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 12 | 1.1| 1| 12 | 1.1| 1| 11 | 1.0||
+ Fly || D. || 1| 12 | 1.1| 1| 12 | 1.1| 1| 11 | 1.0||
+ Fly || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 10 | 1.1| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Braces leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ at the Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Masthead || S. || 2| 13 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.4| 2| 13 | 1.4||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 7 | 1.5| 2| 6 | 1.4| 2| 6 | 1.4||
+ Leaders for || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Lifts || Clamp.|| 2| 7 | .8| 2| 6 | .7| 2| 6 | .7||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | .8| 2| 6 | .7| 2| 6 | .7||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 7 | 1.2| 2| 6 | 1.1||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Clews of sail || S. || 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 8 | 1.0| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 2| 8 | 1.7| 2| 8 | 1.7| 2| 8 | 1.7||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 1| 7 | .9| 1| 7 | .9| 1| 7 | .9||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Jigger for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | .8| 2| 6 | .7| 2| 6 | .7||
+ Bow-lines in || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ the Main Top || S. || 2| 7 | .8| 2| 6 | .7| 2| 6 | .7||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-GAL’T|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MAST & YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 9 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.3| 1| 8 | 1.3||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3| 2| 8 | 1.3||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Halliards || S. || 1| 7 | 1.0| 1| 6 | .9| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ arms || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Braces on Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 5 | .9| 2| 4 | .8| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 6 | 1.2| 2| 6 | 1.2| 2| 5 | 1.0||
+ Lifts in Top || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Bull’s Eyes) || S. || 2| — | — | 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 6 | .9| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 1| 5 | 1.0| 1| 5 | 1.0| 1| 5 | .9||
+ Bunt-line || S. || 2| 5 | 1.0| 2| 5 | 1.0| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Bow-lines at || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Main Top-mast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head || D. || 2| 5 | 1.0| 2| 5 | 1.0| 2| 5 | .9||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Breast || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top || b’d. || 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Braces Main || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 5 | .9| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Bow-lines || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ leading to M’n || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Top-mast head || S. || 2| 5 | .9| 2| 5 | .8| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 1| 5 | .9| 1| 5 | .8| 1| 5 | .8||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ SPANKER BOOM || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ AND GAFF. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 11 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0| 2| 11 | 2.0||
+ Tackles for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || D. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Tackles for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 8 | .9| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Sheets || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Sheets || S. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.4||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 11 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.1| 1| 10 | 1.1||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 1| 10 | 1.3| 1| 10 | 1.2| 1| 9 | 1.1||
+ Throat || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 11 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.1| 1| 10 | 1.1||
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards || b’d. || 1| 11 | 1.2| 1| 10 | 1.1| 1| 10 | 1.1||
+ Peak Brails ||Cheek. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Throat Brails ||S. || 2| 8 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.0| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 1| 10 | 1.4| 1| 9 | 1.2| 1| 9 | 1.2||
+ Outhauler || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Vangs leading || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Quarter || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 7 | 1.1| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Dasher Block || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (Ensign || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards) || D. || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ MISCELLANEOUS || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ BLOCKS. || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Cat Blocks || T. || 2| 16 | 2.0| 2| 15 | 1.9| 2| 14 | 1.8||
+ Cat Backropes || S. || 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 7 | 1.0||
+ Fish Tackle || D. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Fish Leaders || S. || — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — ||
+ Clear Hawse || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Pend’nts || S. || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Bull’s Eyes for|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ clothes-lines || — || 40| — | — | 40| — | — | 40| — | — ||
+ Cap Bobstay || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Hearts ||L. Vit.|| 2| — | — | 2| — | — | 2| — | — ||
+ Middle and || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Inner H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 4| — | — | 4| — | — | 4| — | — ||
+ Bowsprit Shr’ds|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 4| — | — | 4| — | — | 4| — | — ||
+ Iron-strapped || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Bull’s Eyes (in|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ head), size and|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ number as req’d|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Luff Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 24| 10 | 1.2| 24| 10 | 1.2| 24| 10 | 1.2||
+ Luff Tackle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stays || D. || 8| 12 | 1.4| 8| 12 | 1.3| 8| 11 | 1.3||
+ Leading Rigging|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ on Fo’castle || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and Gangways || Assort|| 8| — | — | 8| — | — | 8| — | — ||
+ Fife-rail || S. || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Leaders || d. sc || 36| — | — | 36| — | — | 36| — | — ||
+ Side Leaders || — || 80| — | — | 80| — | — | 70| — | — ||
+ Snatch Blocks || Assort|| 15| — | — | 15| — | — | 15| — | — ||
+ Hammock Girt- || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 12| 10 | 1.4| 12| 9 | 1.2| 12| 9 | 1.2||
+ Ham’ck Tricing-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ lines || S. || 12| 9 | 1.0| 12| 8 | 1.0| 12| 8 | 1.0||
+ Relieving || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2 | 9 | 1.2||
+ Relieving || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackles || S. || 2| 10 | 1.4| 2| 9 | 1.2| 2 | 9 | 1.2||
+ Awning Jiggers || D. || 8| 8 | 1.1| 8| 8 | 1.1| 8 | 7 | .9||
+ Lower Yard || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 7 | 1.0| 4| 7 | 1.0| 4 | 7 | 1.0||
+ Crow-foot || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Halliards for || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Awnings || S. || 6| 6 | .8| 6| 6 | .8| 6 | 6 | .8||
+ Stern, Quarter || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ and Waist Davit|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Blocks ||D. Irb.|| 10| 9 | 1.1| 10| 9 | 1.1| 10| 8 | 1.0||
+ Leading Trucks || D. || 20| — | — | 20| — | — | 20| — | — ||
+ Leading Trucks || S. || 20| — | — | 20| — | — | 20| — | — ||
+ Fore Yard ||Fiddle || 2| 24 | 1.5| 2| 22 | 1.5| 2| 22 | 1.4||
+ Fore Yard || S. || 2| 14 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.3| 2| 13 | 1.3||
+ Fore Stay || D. || 1| 13 | 1.5| 1| 13 | 1.5| 1| 13 | 1.5||
+ Fore Stay || S. || 1| 13 | 1.5| 1| 13 | 1.5| 1| 13 | 1.5||
+ Main Yard ||Fiddle || 2| 24 | 1.5| 2| 22 | 1.5| 2| 22 | 1.4||
+ Main Yard || S. || 2| 14 | 1.5| 2| 13 | 1.3| 2| 13 | 1.3||
+ Main Stay || D. || 1| 13 | 1.5| 1| 13 | 1.5| 1| 13 | 1.5||
+ Main Stay || S. || 1| 13 | 1.5| 1| 13 | 1.5| 1| 13 | 1.5||
+ Quarter and || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Stay || S. || 4| 13 | 1.5| 4| 12 | 1.4| 4| 12 | 1.4||
+ Dead Eyes (set)|| — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Stock and Bill || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || D. || 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Stock and Bill || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Tackle || S. || 2| 11 | 1.4| 2| 10 | 1.2| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Trucks for Jaws|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ of Gaff (set) || — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ Masthead Trucks|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ (set) || — || 1| — | — | 1| — | — | 1| — | — ||
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Burtons || D. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | | | | | | | ||
+ sail Boom || || | | | | | | | | ||
+ Burtons || S. || 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0| 2| 9 | 1.0||
+
+ ===============++=======++===============++===============++
+ || || || ||
+ || || || ||
+ || || || ||
+ ||=De- ++ || ||
+ ||scrip- || =Brigs.= || =Brigantines.=||
+ =Names ||tion ++---+-----+-----++---+-----+-----++
+ of ||of || | |Swal-|| | |Swal-||
+ Blocks.= ||Block.=||No.|Size.| low.||No.|Size.| low.||
+ ---------------++-------++---+-----+-----++---+-----+-----++
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ FLYING JIB- || || | | || | | ||
+ BOOM. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 5 | .8||
+ Royal Bow-lines|| S. || 2| 5 | .7|| — | — | — ||
+ Halliards F. T.|| || | | || | | ||
+ Gallant-mast- || || | | || | | ||
+ head || S. || 1| 6 | 1.1|| 1| 6 | 1.1||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ JIB-BOOM. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 6 | 1.0|| 1| 6 | 1.0||
+ Brails on Stay || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Brails leading || || | | || | | ||
+ on Boom-end || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Martingale || || | | || | | ||
+ back-ropes || D. || 2| 7 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Martingale || || | | || | | ||
+ back-ropes || S. || 2| 7 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Top-gallant || || | | || | | ||
+ Bow-lines || S. || 2| 5 | .7|| 2| 5 | .7||
+ Guy Tackles || D. || 4| 9 | 1.1|| 4| 9 | 1.1||
+ Guy-Tackles || S. || 4| 9 | 1.1|| 4| 9 | 1.1||
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| D. || 1| 9 | 1.0|| 1| 9 | 1.0||
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| S. || 1| 9 | 1.0|| 1| 9 | 1.0||
+ Sheets in Clew || || | | || | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Hall’rds in || || | | || | | ||
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 8 | 1.0|| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ Halliards on || || | | || | | ||
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.0|| 1| 10 | 1.0||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ SPRIT-SAIL || || | | || | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Lifts leading || || | | || | | ||
+ to Bowsprit Cap|| S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Brace on Yard- || || | | || | | ||
+ arm || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Brace on Fore- || || | | || | | ||
+ stay || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Brace on || || | | || | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || — | — | — ||— | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ BOWSPRIT. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Fore-top Bow- || || | | || | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Fore Bow-lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Fore Top-mast || || | | || | | ||
+ Stay-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Fore top-mast || || | | || | | ||
+ Hall’rds in || || | | || | | ||
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ F. T. Mast || || | | || | | ||
+ Hall’rds on || || | | || | | ||
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ trestle trees || b’d. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ F. T. Mast || || | | || | | ||
+ Stay-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ sheets in clew || || | | || | | ||
+ of sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ F. Storm stay- || || | | || | | ||
+ sail stay on || S. || | | || | | ||
+ Bowsprit || Clump.|| 1| 8 | 1.6|| 1| 8 | 1.6||
+ F. Storm Stay- || || | | || | | ||
+ sail Downhaul || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9||
+ F. storm stay- || || | | || | | ||
+ sail halliards || || | | || | | ||
+ in head of sail|| S. || 1| 8 | 1.0|| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ F. S. stay-sail|| || | | || | | ||
+ halliards on || || | | || | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 1| 8 | 1.0|| 1| 8 | 1.0||
+ Bumkin Blocks, || S. || | | || | | ||
+ (fore tacks) ||Should’|| 2| 9 | 1.6|| 2| 9 | 1.6||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ FOREM’ST & || || | | || | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tackle for || || | | || | | ||
+ Runner || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tackle for || || | | || | | ||
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 12 | 1.3|| 2| 12 | 1.3||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 12 | 1.3|| 2| 12 | 1.3||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — p’t — || — p’t — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || | | || | | ||
+ Jeers || T. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jeers || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.6|| 2| 10 | 1.6||
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ under Fore Top || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ under Fore Top || Shoe. || 2| 12 | 1.0|| 2| 12 | 1.0||
+ Leech-lines on || || | | || | | ||
+ Yard || S. || 4| 5 | .8|| 4| 5 | .8||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ under Top || D. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ After || D. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ After || S. || 4| 5 | .8|| 4| 5 | .8||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Braces leading || || | | || | | ||
+ under Main || || | | || | | ||
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Lifts on Cap || D. ||2S.| 9 | 1.5||2S.| 9 | 1.5||
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | || | | ||
+ (in and out) || S. || 6| 6 | .8|| 6| 6 | .8||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | || | | ||
+ Yard || sc’e || 2| 8 | 1.4|| 2| 8 | 1.4||
+ Fore Tacks in || || | | || | | ||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 9 | 1.6|| 2| 9 | 1.6||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 9 | 1.6|| 2| 9 | 1.6||
+ Swinging-boom || S. || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || clamp.|| 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Swinging-boom || || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-whips || D. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Swinging-boom || || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-whips || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Pendants for || || | | || | | ||
+ outer Halliards|| S. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Outer Studding-|| || | | || | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | | ||
+ on Boom || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| 2| 7 | 1.1||
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | || | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | | ||
+ on Yard || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | || | | ||
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | | ||
+ on Quarter || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Tripping-line || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Lower Studding-|| || | | || | | ||
+ sail Downhaul || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9||
+ After Guys ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Forward Guys || || | | || | | ||
+ (Cheek on || || | | || | | ||
+ Bowsprit) || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Tacks on Boom- || || | | || | | ||
+ end || S. || 2| 8 | .9|| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Tricing-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ for Studding- || || | | || | | ||
+ sail Gear || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ FORE TOP MAST || || | | || | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 2.0|| 1| 14 | 2.0||
+ Top Tackles || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top Leaders || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 13 | .9|| 2| 13 | .9||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 8 | .9|| 2| 8 | .9||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays ||T. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | || | | ||
+ be fitted with || || | | || | | ||
+ band over || || | | || | | ||
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 1| 10 | 1.9|| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 1| 10 | 1.9|| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | || | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 1| 10 | 1.9|| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 10 | 1.9|| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Braces on || || | | || | | ||
+ Collar of Main || || | | || | | ||
+ Stay || S. || 2| 7 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.2||
+ Braces under || || | | || | | ||
+ Main Trestle || || | | || | | ||
+ Trees || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.2||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 13 | 1.7|| 2| 12 | 1.7||
+ Leaders for || S. || | | || | | ||
+ Lifts || Clump.|| 2| 8 | 1.7|| 2| 7 | 1.7||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.3|| 2| 9 | 1.3||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | | ||
+ Clews of Top- || || | | || | | ||
+ sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Bunt-lines at ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Masthead || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | ||
+ of Top-sail || S. || 2| — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 8 | .9|| 1| 8 | .9||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | || | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Span for || || | | || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 10 | 1.5|| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 10 | 1.5|| 2| 10 | 1.5||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Downhaul in || || | | || | | ||
+ sails || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Leaders for || || | | || | | ||
+ Boom-braces in || || | | || | | ||
+ Main Rigging || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ F’RE TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | || | | ||
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 9 | 1.4|| 1| 9 | 1.4||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 7 | .9||
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces on || || | | || | | ||
+ Collar of Main || || | | || | | ||
+ Top-m’st Stay || S. || 2| 5 | .9|| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Braces on Main || || | | || | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 5 | .9|| 2| 5 | .9||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 6 | 1.3|| 2| 6 | 1.3||
+ Lifts in Top ||S.Clamp|| 2| 6 | 1.4|| 2| 6 | 1.4||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 6 | 1.1|| 2| 6 | 1.1||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Span Blocks, || || | | || | | ||
+ Top-gallant || || | | || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | | ||
+ Ends || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays in || || | | || | | ||
+ Top ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Royal Braces || || | | || | | ||
+ M’n T’p-gallant|| || | | || | | ||
+ Mast-head || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 5 | .8||
+ Bunt-line || || | | || | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || || | | || | | ||
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Throat || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Throat || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 8 | 1.1||
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | || | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 6 | .7|| 2| 6 | .7||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Sheets || S. || 4| 8 | 1.2|| 4| 8 | 1.2||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN MAST AND || || | | || | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tackle for || || | | || | | ||
+ Runner || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tackle for || || | | || | | ||
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 12 | 1.4|| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || 2| 12 | 1.4|| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — p’t — || — p’t — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || | | || | | ||
+ Jeers || T. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jeers || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.6|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| — | — | — ||
+ Clews of Sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ under M’n Top || D. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ under M’n Top || Shoe. || 2| 12 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Leech-lines on || || | | || | | ||
+ Yard || S. || 2| 6 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ under Top || D. || 2| 6 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ After || D. || 2| 6 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ After || S. || 4| 6 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.0||
+ Braces on || || | | || | | ||
+ Bumkins || S. || —| — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lifts on Cap || D. ||2S.| 8 | 1.6||2S.| 7 | 1.2||
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 6 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| — | — | — ||
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | || | | ||
+ (in and out) || S. || 6| 6 | .8|| — | — | — ||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 6 | .8|| — | — | — ||
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || 3| 6 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | || | | ||
+ Yard || sc’e || 2| 8 | 1.4|| — | — | — ||
+ Tack Blocks || S. || 2| 8 | 1.6|| — | — | — ||
+ Tacks in Clews || || | | || | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.6|| — | — | — ||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 10 | 1.8|| — | — | — ||
+ Runner for Bow-|| || | | || | | ||
+ line || S. || 2| 5 | 1.2|| — | — | — ||
+ Jigger for Bow-|| || | | || | | ||
+ line || S. || 2| 5 | 1.2|| — | — | — ||
+ Tricing-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ for Studding- || || | | || | | ||
+ sail Gear || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-MAST &|| || | | || | | ||
+ YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 2.0|| 1| 10 | 2.0||
+ Top Tackles || D. || —| — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top Leaders || S. || —| — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| 2| 14 | 1.0|| — | — | — ||
+ Top Burtons || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 7 | 2.2|| — | — | — ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 9 | 1.0|| — | — | — ||
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.0|| — | — | — ||
+ Stay leading in|| || | | || | | ||
+ Fore Top || S. || 1| 9 | 2.8|| — | — | — ||
+ Spring Stay || || | | || | | ||
+ leading in Fore|| || | | || | | ||
+ Top || S. || 1| 9 | 2.8|| — | — | — ||
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | || | | ||
+ be fitted with || || | | || | | ||
+ band over || || | | || | | ||
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.8|| — | — | — ||
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 2| 12 | 1.3|| 1| 12 | 1.3||
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 2| 12 | 1.3|| 1| 12 | 1.3||
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | || | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || 2| 12 | 1.4|| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Braces on Mizen|| || | | || | | ||
+ M’st || S. || 2| 12 | 1.4|| 2| 12 | 1.4||
+ Sister || D. || 2| 13 | 1.5|| 2| 18 | 1.2||
+ Leaders for || || | | || | | ||
+ Lifts || S. || | | || | | ||
+ || Clamp.|| 2| 7 | 1.5|| 2| 7 | 1.5||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 7 | .8||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.4|| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | | ||
+ Clews of sail || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 1| 9 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 1| 9 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| 2| 9 | 1.1||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 6 | .9||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.6|| — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 8 | .9|| 1| 8 | .9||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 6 | .9||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 4| 6 | .9|| 4| 6 | .9||
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | || | | ||
+ lines || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 6 | .8||
+ Bow-lines in || || | | || | | ||
+ Fore Top || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Span for || || | | || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| — | — | — ||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 5 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Down-hauler in || || | | || | | ||
+ Sails || S. || 2| 5 | .7|| — | — | — ||
+ Leaders for || || | | || | | ||
+ Boom-braces on || || | | || | | ||
+ Bumkin || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | || | | ||
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 9 | 1.4|| — | — | — ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 7 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| — | — | — ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces on || || | | || | | ||
+ Collar of Miz. || || | | || | | ||
+ Top-mast Stay || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces at Mizen|| || | | || | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sister || S. || 2| 5 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Lifts in Top || S. || | | || | | ||
+ || Clamp.|| — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 6 | .7|| — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 6 | .7|| — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 7 | 1.0||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || 1| 5 | .6|| — | — | — ||
+ Span Blocks, || || | | || | | ||
+ Main Top- || || | | || | | ||
+ gallant || || | | || | | ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | | ||
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | | ||
+ ends || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MA’N ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 6 | .6|| — | — | — ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Top || b’d. || 2| 6 | .6|| — | — | — ||
+ Royal Braces || || | | || | | ||
+ Mizen Top- || || | | || | | ||
+ gallant || || | | || | | ||
+ Masthead || S. || 2| 5 | .9|| — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || 2| 4 | .6|| — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-line || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bow-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ leading to || || | | || | | ||
+ F. T. G. Mast- || || | | || | | ||
+ head || S. || 2| 4 | .6|| — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || || | | || | | ||
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 14 | 1.6||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 14 | 1.6||
+ Throat || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 14 | 1.6||
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || b’d. || 1| 8 | 1.1|| 1| 14 | 1.6||
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | || | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 8 | 1.2||
+ Sheets || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| 2| 12 | 1.5||
+ Sheets on Booms|| || | | || | | ||
+ of two-masted || || | | || | | ||
+ vessels || D. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| 2| 12 | 1.5||
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 6 | 1.0||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MIZEN MAST AND || || | | || | | ||
+ CROSS-JACK || || | | || | | ||
+ Y’RD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Truss Tackles || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces leading || || | | || | | ||
+ under Main || || | | || | | ||
+ Trestle Trees || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lifts on Cap || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Davit || || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Davit || || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-MAST || || | | || | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Top Blocks || Iron || | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top Burtons || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Top Runners || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stay leading in|| || | | || | | ||
+ Main Top || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Tye ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Fly || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Fly || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces leading || || | | || | | ||
+ at the Main || || | | || | | ||
+ Masthead || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sister || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Leaders for || S. || | | || | | ||
+ Lifts || Clamp.|| — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | | ||
+ Clews of sail || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | | ||
+ Whips || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | | ||
+ of Sail || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Jigger for || || | | || | | ||
+ Bunt-runner || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bow-lines in || || | | || | | ||
+ the Main Top || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MIZEN TOP-GAL’T|| || | | || | | ||
+ MAST & YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Channels || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Halliards || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Halliards || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | | ||
+ arms || || | | || | | ||
+ Braces on Main || || | | || | | ||
+ Top-mast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sister || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lifts in Top || || | | || | | ||
+ (Bull’s Eyes) || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-line || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bow-lines at || || | | || | | ||
+ Main Top-mast || || | | || | | ||
+ head || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | | ||
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Breast || || | | || | | ||
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Top || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Braces Main || || | | || | | ||
+ Top-mast-head || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bow-lines || || | | || | | ||
+ leading to M’n || || | | || | | ||
+ Top-mast head || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Bunt-lines || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ SPANKER BOOM || || | | || | | ||
+ AND GAFF. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 10 | 1.8|| 2| 10 | 1.8||
+ Tackles for || || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || D. || 2| 8 | .9|| 4| 10 | 1.1||
+ Tackles for || || | | || | | ||
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 8 | .9|| 2| 10 | 1.1||
+ Sheets || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Sheets || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Peak Halliards || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Throat || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | || | | ||
+ Halliards || b’d. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Peak Brails ||Cheek. || | | || | | ||
+ Throat Brails || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Middle Brails || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Foot Brails || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Outhauler || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Vangs || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Vangs leading || || | | || | | ||
+ on Quarter || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Dasher Block || || | | || | | ||
+ (Ensign || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards) || D. || 1| — | — || 1| — | — ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ MISCELLANEOUS || || | | || | | ||
+ BLOCKS. || || | | || | | ||
+ || || | | || | | ||
+ Cat Blocks || T. || 2D| 13 | 1.7|| 2D| 12 | 1.6||
+ Cat Backropes || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Fish Tackle || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Fish Leaders || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Clear Hawse || || | | || | | ||
+ Pend’nts || S. || 1| — | — || 1| — | — ||
+ Bull’s Eyes for|| || | | || | | ||
+ clothes-lines || — || 20| — | — || 20| — | — ||
+ Cap Bobstay || || | | || | | ||
+ Hearts ||L. Vit.|| 2| — | — || 2| — | — ||
+ Middle and || || | | || | | ||
+ Inner H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 2| — | — || 2| — | — ||
+ Bowsprit Shr’ds|| || | | || | | ||
+ H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 4| — | — || 4| — | — ||
+ Iron-strapped || || | | || | | ||
+ Bull’s Eyes (in|| || | | || | | ||
+ head), size and|| || | | || | | ||
+ number as req’d|| || | | || | | ||
+ Luff Tackle || || | | || | | ||
+ Blocks || S. || 20| 10 | 1.2|| 20| 9 | 1.1||
+ Luff Tackle || || | | || | | ||
+ Blocks for || || | | || | | ||
+ Stays || D. || 8| 11 | 1.3|| 4| 10 | 1.2||
+ Leading Rigging|| || | | || | | ||
+ on Fo’castle || || | | || | | ||
+ and Gangways || Assort|| — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Fife-rail || S. || | | || | | ||
+ Leaders || d. sc || 20| — | — || 20| — | — ||
+ Side Leaders || — || 40| — | — || 40| — | — ||
+ Snatch Blocks || Assort|| 10| — | — || 10| — | — ||
+ Hammock Girt- || || | | || | | ||
+ lines || S. || 8| 9 | 1.2|| 8| 9 | 1.2||
+ Ham’ck Tricing-|| || | | || | | ||
+ lines || S. || 8| 7 | .9|| 8| 7 | .9||
+ Relieving || || | | || | | ||
+ Tackles || D. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Relieving || || | | || | | ||
+ Tackles || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 9 | 1.2||
+ Awning Jiggers || D. || 6| 7 | .9|| 6| 6 | .8||
+ Lower Yard || || | | || | | ||
+ Whips || S. || 4| 6 | .8|| 4| 6 | .8||
+ Crow-foot || || | | || | | ||
+ Halliards for || || | | || | | ||
+ Awnings || S. || 4| 5 | .7|| 4| 5 | .7||
+ Stern, Quarter || || | | || | | ||
+ and Waist Davit|| || | | || | | ||
+ Blocks ||D. Irb.|| 10| 8 | 1.0|| 10| 8 | 1.0||
+ Leading Trucks || D. || 12| — | — || 12| — | — ||
+ Leading Trucks || S. || 12| — | — || 12| — | — ||
+ Fore Yard ||Fiddle || 1| 20 | 1.4|| 1| 20 | 1.3||
+ Fore Yard || S. || 1| 12 | 1.2|| 1| 12 | 1.2||
+ Fore Stay || D. || 1| 12 | 1.3|| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Fore Stay || S. || 1| 12 | 1.3|| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Main Yard ||Fiddle || 1| 20 | 1.4|| 1| 20 | 1.3||
+ Main Yard || S. || 1| 12 | 1.2|| 1| 12 | 1.2||
+ Main Stay || D. || 1| 12 | 1.3|| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Main Stay || S. || 1| 12 | 1.3|| 1| 10 | 1.2||
+ Quarter and || || | | || | | ||
+ Stay || S. || 4| 10 | 1.1|| — | — | — ||
+ Dead Eyes (set)|| — || 1| — | — || 1| — | — ||
+ Stock and Bill || || | | || | | ||
+ Tackle || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Stock and Bill || || | | || | | ||
+ Tackle || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ Trucks for Jaws|| || | | || | | ||
+ of Gaff (set) || — || 1| — | — || 1| — | — ||
+ Masthead Trucks|| || | | || | | ||
+ (set) || — || 1| — | — || 1| — | — ||
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | || | | ||
+ sail Boom || || | | || | | ||
+ Burtons || D. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | || | | ||
+ sail Boom || || | | || | | ||
+ Burtons || S. || — | — | — || — | — | — ||
+
+ ===============++=======++===============++===============
+ || || ||
+ || || ||
+ || || ||
+ ||=De- || ||
+ ||scrip- || =Schooners.= || =Steamers.=
+ =Names ||tion ++---+-----+-----++---+-----+-----
+ of ||of || | |Swal-|| | |Swal-
+ Blocks.= ||Block.=||No.|Size.| low.||No.|Size.| low.
+ ---------------++-------++---+-----+-----++---+-----+-----
+ || || | | || | |
+ FLYING JIB- || || | | || | |
+ BOOM. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 5 | .8|| 1| 7 | 1.0
+ Royal Bow-lines|| S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .8
+ Halliards F. T.|| || | | || | |
+ Gallant-mast- || || | | || | |
+ head || S. || 1| 6 | 1.1|| 1| 7 | 1.3
+ || || | | || | |
+ JIB-BOOM. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Downhaul || S. || 1| 6 | 1.0|| 1| 8 | 1.3
+ Brails on Stay || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 6 | .9
+ Brails leading || || | | || | |
+ on Boom-end || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 6 | .9
+ Martingale || || | | || | |
+ back-ropes || D. || 2| 7 | 1.2|| 2| 9 | 1.5
+ Martingale || || | | || | |
+ back-ropes || S. || 2| 7 | 1.2|| 2| 9 | 1.5
+ Top-gallant || || | | || | |
+ Bow-lines || S. || 2| 5 | .7|| 2| 6 | .8
+ Guy Tackles || D. || 4| 8 | 1.0|| 4| 10 | 1.2
+ Guy-Tackles || S. || 4| 8 | 1.0|| 4| 10 | 1.2
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| D. || 1| 8 | 1.0|| 1| 10 | 1.1
+ Jib-stay Tackle|| S. || 1| 8 | 1.0|| 1| 10 | 1.1
+ Sheets in Clew || || | | || | |
+ of Sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 10 | 1.2
+ Hall’rds in || || | | || | |
+ head of Sail || S. || 1| 7 | .9|| 1| 10 | 1.2
+ Halliards on || || | | || | |
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Trestle-trees || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.0|| 1| 12 | 1.2
+ || || | | || | |
+ SPRIT-SAIL || || | | || | |
+ YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Lifts leading || || | | || | |
+ to Bowsprit Cap|| S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.3
+ Brace on Yard- || || | | || | |
+ arm || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.2
+ Brace on Fore- || || | | || | |
+ stay || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.2
+ Brace on || || | | || | |
+ Trestle-trees || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.2
+ || || | | || | |
+ BOWSPRIT. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Fore-top Bow- || || | | || | |
+ lines || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 11 | 1.5
+ Fore Bow-lines || S. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.5
+ Fore Top-mast || || | | || | |
+ Stay-sail || || | | || | |
+ Downhaul || S. || — | — | — || 1| 8 | 1.2
+ Fore top-mast || || | | || | |
+ Hall’rds in || || | | || | |
+ head of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 1| 11 | 1.4
+ F. T. Mast || || | | || | |
+ Hall’rds on || || | | || | |
+ top-mast ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ trestle trees || b’d. || — | — | — || 1| 11 | .4
+ F. T. Mast || || | | || | |
+ Stay-sail || || | | || | |
+ sheets in clew || || | | || | |
+ of sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.4
+ F. Storm stay- || || | | || | |
+ sail stay on || S. || | | || | |
+ Bowsprit || Clump.|| — | — | — || 1| 12 | 2.4
+ F. Storm Stay- || || | | || | |
+ sail Downhaul || S. || — | — | — || 1| 8 | 1.2
+ F. storm stay- || || | | || | |
+ sail halliards || || | | || | |
+ in head of sail|| S. || — | — | — || 1| 11 | 1.3
+ F. S. stay-sail|| || | | || | |
+ halliards on || || | | || | |
+ Trestle-trees || S. || — | — | — || 1| 11 | 1.3
+ Bumkin Blocks, || S. || | | || | |
+ (fore tacks) ||Should’|| — | — | — || 2| 14 | 2.2
+ || || | | || | |
+ FOREM’ST & || || | | || | |
+ YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — || 1| 15 | 2.6
+ Tackle for || || | | || | |
+ Runner || D. || — | — | — || 1| 16 | 1.6
+ Tackle for || || | | || | |
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — || 1| 16 | 1.6
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 15 | 1.5
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 15 | 1.5
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — p’t — || — p’t —
+ Truss Tackles || S. || | | || | |
+ Jeers || T. || — | — | — || 2| 18 | 2.0
+ Jeers || D. || — | — | — || 2| 18 | 2.0
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || — | — | — || 2| 18 | 2.0
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 2| 9 | 1.4|| 2| 14 | 2.1
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.1|| 2| 13 | 1.6
+ Clews of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.5
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | |
+ under Fore Top || D. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.3
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | |
+ under Fore Top || Shoe. || — | — | — || 2| 16 | 1.2
+ Leech-lines on || || | | || | |
+ Yard || S. || — | — | — || 4| 7 | 1.0
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | |
+ under Top || D. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | |
+ After || D. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | |
+ After || S. || — | — | — || 4| 7 | 1.0
+ || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| 2| 14 | 1.5
+ Braces leading || || | | || | |
+ under Main || || | | || | |
+ Trestle-trees || S. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| 2| 14 | 1.5
+ Lifts on Cap || D. ||2S.| 8 | 1.2||2S.| 14 | 2.0
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || 2| 14 | 2.0
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.0
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | || | |
+ (in and out) || S. || — | — | — || 6| 8 | 1.0
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.1
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 3| 7 | 1.0
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | || | |
+ Yard || sc’e || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.7
+ Fore Tacks in || || | | || | |
+ Clews of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 14 | 2.2
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | |
+ of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 14 | 2.2
+ Swinging-boom || S. || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || clamp.|| 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Swinging-boom || || | | || | |
+ Topping-whips || D. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 10 | 1.0
+ Swinging-boom || || | | || | |
+ Topping-whips || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 10 | 1.0
+ Pendants for || || | | || | |
+ outer Halliards|| S. || 2| 9 | 1.1|| 2| 14 | 1.6
+ Outer Studding-|| || | | || | |
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | |
+ on Boom || S. || 2| 7 | 1.1|| 2| 10 | 1.6
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | || | |
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | |
+ on Yard || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 8 | 1.2
+ Inner Studding-|| || | | || | |
+ sail Halliards || || | | || | |
+ on Quarter || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 8 | 1.2
+ Tripping-line || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 8 | 1.0
+ Lower Studding-|| || | | || | |
+ sail Downhaul || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.0
+ After Guys ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 10 | 1.2
+ Forward Guys || || | | || | |
+ (Cheek on || || | | || | |
+ Bowsprit) || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 10 | 1.2
+ Tacks on Boom- || || | | || | |
+ end || S. || 2| 8 | .9|| 2| 10 | 1.2
+ Tricing-lines || || | | || | |
+ for Studding- || || | | || | |
+ sail Gear || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ || || | | || | |
+ FORE TOP MAST || || | | || | |
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 1| 10 | 1.5|| 2| 20 | 3.0
+ Top Tackles || D. || — | — | — || 4| 18 | 1.9
+ Top Leaders || S. || — | — | — || 2| 18 | 1.9
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| — | — | — || 2| 16 | 1.4
+ Top Burtons || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Top Runners || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.5
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || D. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 4| 14 | 1.4
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays ||T. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 4| 14 | 1.4
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | || | |
+ be fitted with || || | | || | |
+ band over || || | | || | |
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || — | — | — || 2| 16 | 2.3
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 16 | 2.3
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 1| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 18 | 1.5
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 1| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 18 | 1.5
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | || | |
+ Blocks || S. || 1| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 18 | 1.5
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 15 | 1.6
+ Braces on || || | | || | |
+ Collar of Main || || | | || | |
+ Stay || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.6
+ Braces under || || | | || | |
+ Main Trestle || || | | || | |
+ Trees || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 14 | 1.6
+ Sister || D. || 2| 10 | 1.4|| 2| 18 | 2.0
+ Leaders for || S. || | | || | |
+ Lifts || Clump.|| 2| 7 | 1.4|| 2| 10 | 2.0
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || 2| 7 | .8|| 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 12 | 1.6
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | |
+ Clews of Top- || || | | || | |
+ sail || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.5
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.5
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.5
+ Bunt-lines at ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Masthead || b’d. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 11 | 1.6
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | |
+ Whips || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 4| 11 | 1.6
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | |
+ of Top-sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 2.0
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 9 | 1.2
+ Jigger for || || | | || | |
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 7 | 1.1
+ Jigger for || || | | || | |
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 7 | 1.1
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 4| 8 | 1.1
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | || | |
+ lines || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .9
+ Span for || || | | || | |
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 9 | 1.4|| 2| 12 | 1.6
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 9 | 1.4|| 2| 12 | 1.6
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | |
+ ends || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 7 | 1.1
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Downhaul in || || | | || | |
+ sails || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 2| 7 | .9
+ Leaders for || || | | || | |
+ Boom-braces in || || | | || | |
+ Main Rigging || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.1
+ || || | | || | |
+ F’RE TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | || | |
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || —| — | — || 1| 12 | 2.0
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Channels || b’d. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Halliards || D. || 2| 7 | 1.0|| 2| 10 | 1.2
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.0
+ Braces on || || | | || | |
+ Collar of Main || || | | || | |
+ Top-m’st Stay || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Braces on Main || || | | || | |
+ Top-mast-head || S. || 2| 5 | .9|| 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Sister || S. || 2| 5 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.4
+ Lifts in Top ||S.Clamp|| — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.4
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.4
+ Bunt-lines || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Span Blocks, || || | | || | |
+ Top-gallant || || | | || | |
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Halliards || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || 2| 6 | .9|| 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | |
+ Ends || S. || 2| 5 | .8|| 2| 7 | 1.0
+ || || | | || | |
+ F’RE ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | |
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .9
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays in || || | | || | |
+ Top ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .9
+ Royal Braces || || | | || | |
+ M’n T’p-gallant|| || | | || | |
+ Mast-head || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .9
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .9
+ Bunt-line || || | | || | |
+ Blocks || S. || — | — | — || 1| 6 | .9
+ || || | | || | |
+ FORE TRY-SAIL || || | | || | |
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d || 1| 14 | 1.7|| 1| 11 | 1.4
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 2| 14 | 1.7|| 2| 11 | 1.4
+ Throat || || | | || | |
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 14 | 1.7|| 1| 11 | 1.4
+ Throat || || | | || | |
+ Halliards ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 1.7|| 1| 11 | 1.4
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | || | |
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.1
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 7 | .9|| 2| 8 | .9
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 9 | 1.5|| 2| 8 | 1.1
+ Sheets || S. || 4| 13 | 1.1|| 4| 11 | 1.5
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2
+ || || | | || | |
+ MAIN MAST AND || || | | || | |
+ YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — || 1| 15 | 2.6
+ Tackle for || || | | || | |
+ Runner || D. || — | — | — || 1| 15 | 1.6
+ Tackle for || || | | || | |
+ Runner || S. || — | — | — || 1| 15 | 1.6
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 15 | 1.6
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || 2| 10 | 1.3|| 2| 15 | 1.6
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — p’t — || — p’t —
+ Truss Tackles || S. || | | || | |
+ Jeers || T. || — | — | — || 2| 19 | 2.3
+ Jeers || D. || — | — | — || 2| 19 | 2.3
+ Jeer Leaders || S. || — | — | — || 2| 19 | 2.3
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 15 | 2.1
+ Clew Garnet ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 13 | 1.5
+ Clews of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.5
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | |
+ under M’n Top || D. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.2
+ Bunt-lines || || | | || | |
+ under M’n Top || Shoe. || — | — | — || 2| 16 | 1.3
+ Leech-lines on || || | | || | |
+ Yard || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.3
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | |
+ under Top || D. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.3
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | |
+ After || D. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.3
+ Leech-lines || || | | || | |
+ After || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.3
+ || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || 2| 8 | 1.0|| 2| 18 | 1.9
+ Braces on || || | | || | |
+ Bumkins || S. || — | — | — || 2| 18 | 1.9
+ Lifts on Cap || D. || — | — | — ||2S.| 15 | 2.2
+ Lifts on Yard- || || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || 2| 13 | 2.1
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Boom Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.0
+ Boom Jiggers || || | | || | |
+ (in and out) || S. || — | — | — || 6| 8 | 1.0
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.0
+ Bunt Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 3| 7 | 1.0
+ Reef Tackles on||S.d’ble|| | | || | |
+ Yard || sc’e || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.7
+ Tack Blocks || S. || — | — | — || 2| 14 | 2.2
+ Tacks in Clews || || | | || | |
+ of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 14 | 2.2
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | |
+ of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 14 | 2.2
+ Runner for Bow-|| || | | || | |
+ line || S. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.2
+ Jigger for Bow-|| || | | || | |
+ line || S. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.2
+ Tricing-lines || || | | || | |
+ for Studding- || || | | || | |
+ sail Gear || S. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.1
+ || || | | || | |
+ MAIN TOP-MAST &|| || | | || | |
+ YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Top Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 1| 10 | 2.0|| 2| 20 | 3.0
+ Top Tackles || D. || — | — | — || 4| 18 | 2.4
+ Top Leaders || S. || — | — | — || 2| 18 | 2.4
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| — | — | — || 2| 17 | 1.4
+ Top Burtons || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Top Runners || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 2.6
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || D. || — | — | — || 4| 13 | 1.4
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Backstays || b’d. || — | — | — || 4| 13 | 1.4
+ Stay leading in|| || | | || | |
+ Fore Top || S. || — | — | — || 1| 13 | 3.4
+ Spring Stay || || | | || | |
+ leading in Fore|| || | | || | |
+ Top || S. || — | — | — || 1| 13 | 3.4
+ Gin Blocks (To || || | | || | |
+ be fitted with || || | | || | |
+ band over || || | | || | |
+ Trestle Trees) || S. || — | — | — || 2| 15 | 2.5
+ Tye Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 16 | 2.4
+ Fly Blocks || D. || 1| 12 | 1.3|| 2| 22 | 1.5
+ Fly Blocks || S. || 1| 12 | 1.3|| 2| 22 | 1.5
+ Leaders for Fly|| || | | || | |
+ Blocks || S. || 1| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 18 | 1.5
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || 2| 10 | 1.2|| 2| 15 | 1.7
+ Braces on Mizen|| || | | || | |
+ M’st || S. || — | — | — || 2| 14 | 1.7
+ Sister || D. || — | — | — || 2| 18 | 2.2
+ Leaders for || || | | || | |
+ Lifts || S. || | | || | |
+ || Clamp.|| — | — | — || 2| 9 | 2.2
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 12 | 1.6
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | |
+ Clews of sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.5
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || — | — | — || 1| 11 | 1.5
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || — | — | — || 1| 11 | 1.5
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.5
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | |
+ Whips || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.2
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | |
+ of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 2.0
+ Bunt-runner || S. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 9 | 1.1
+ Jigger for || || | | || | |
+ Bunt-runner || D. || 1| 6 | .9|| 1| 7 | 1.1
+ Jigger for || || | | || | |
+ Bunt-runner || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.1
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.1
+ Boom Tricing- || || | | || | |
+ lines || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .9
+ Bow-lines in || || | | || | |
+ Fore Top || S. || — | — | — || 2| 12 | 1.5
+ Span for || || | | || | |
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Halliards || S. || — | — | — || 2| 12 | 1.6
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || — | — | — || 2| 12 | 1.6
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | |
+ ends || S. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.4
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Down-hauler in || || | | || | |
+ Sails || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .9
+ Leaders for || || | | || | |
+ Boom-braces on || || | | || | |
+ Bumkin || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.1
+ || || | | || | |
+ MAIN TOP-GAL’NT|| || | | || | |
+ MAST AND YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 1| 12 | 2.0
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || S. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Channels || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.0
+ Halliards || D. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.2
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.0
+ Braces on || || | | || | |
+ Collar of Miz. || || | | || | |
+ Top-mast Stay || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.0
+ Braces at Mizen|| || | | || | |
+ Top-mast-head || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.0
+ Sister || S. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.4
+ Lifts in Top || S. || | | || | |
+ || Clamp.|| — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.4
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | .9
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | .9
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.3
+ Bunt-lines || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .8
+ Span Blocks, || || | | || | |
+ Main Top- || || | | || | |
+ gallant || || | | || | |
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Halliards || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.1
+ Jewel Blocks || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.1
+ Studding-sail || || | | || | |
+ Tacks on Boom || || | | || | |
+ ends || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.0
+ || || | | || | |
+ MA’N ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | |
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .9
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Top || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .9
+ Royal Braces || || | | || | |
+ Mizen Top- || || | | || | |
+ gallant || || | | || | |
+ Masthead || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.0
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || — | — | — || 2| 5 | .7
+ Bunt-line || S. || — | — | — || 1| 6 | .9
+ Bow-lines || || | | || | |
+ leading to || || | | || | |
+ F. T. G. Mast- || || | | || | |
+ head || S. || — | — | — || 2| 5 | .7
+ || || | | || | |
+ MAIN TRY-SAIL || || | | || | |
+ MAST & GAFF. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || 1| 14 | 1.6|| 1| 11 | 1.4
+ Peak Halliards || S. || 2| 14 | 1.6|| 1| 11 | 1.4
+ Throat || || | | || | |
+ Halliards || D. || 1| 14 | 1.6|| 1| 11 | 1.4
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Halliards || b’d. || 1| 14 | 1.6|| 1| 11 | 1.4
+ Peak Brails || Cheek.|| | | || | |
+ Throat Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2
+ Middle Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2
+ Foot Brails || S. || 2| 8 | 1.2|| 2| 8 | 1.2
+ Sheets || S. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| 4| 9 | 1.4
+ Sheets on Booms|| || | | || | |
+ of two-masted || || | | || | |
+ vessels || D. || 2| 12 | 1.5|| | |
+ Vangs || S. || 2| 6 | 1.0|| 2| 7 | 1.1
+ || || | | || | |
+ MIZEN MAST AND || || | | || | |
+ CROSS-JACK || || | | || | |
+ Y’RD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Pendant Tackles|| D. || — | — | — || 2| 12 | 1.4
+ Pendant Tackles|| S. || — | — | — || 2| 12 | 1.4
+ Truss Tackles || D. || — | — | — || — p’t —
+ Truss Tackles || S. || — | — | — || — p’t —
+ Quarter Blocks ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.8
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.3
+ Braces leading || || | | || | |
+ under Main || || | | || | |
+ Trestle Trees || D. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.3
+ Lifts on Cap || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.7
+ Quarter Davit || || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || D. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.2
+ Quarter Davit || || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || S. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.2
+ || || | | || | |
+ MIZEN TOP-MAST || || | | || | |
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Top Blocks || Iron || | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 1| 14 | 2.0
+ Top Burtons ||Fiddle.|| — | — | — || 2| 16 | 1.0
+ Top Burtons || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.0
+ Top Runners || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || D. || — | — | — || 2| 12 | 1.2
+ Breast ||T. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Backstays || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 12 | 1.2
+ Stay leading in|| || | | || | |
+ Main Top || S. || — | — | — || 1| 8 | 2.0
+ Tye ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 1| 14 | 1.2
+ Fly || D. || — | — | — || 1| 14 | 1.2
+ Fly || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.1
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.1
+ Braces leading || || | | || | |
+ at the Main || || | | || | |
+ Masthead || S. || — | — | — || 2| 15 | 1.5
+ Sister || D. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.5
+ Leaders for || S. || | | || | |
+ Lifts || Clamp.|| — | — | — || 2| 7 | .8
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .8
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.3
+ Quarter Blocks ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.3
+ Clew-lines in || || | | || | |
+ Clews of sail || S. || — | — | — || 1| 7 | 1.0
+ Rolling Tackle || S. || — | — | — || 1| 7 | 1.0
+ Rolling Tackle || D. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.1
+ Bunt-lines ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.0
+ Reef Tackle || || | | || | |
+ Whips || S. || — | — | — || 2| 9 | 1.8
+ Sheets in Clews|| || | | || | |
+ of Sail || S. || — | — | — || 1| 8 | 1.0
+ Bunt-runner || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Jigger for || || | | || | |
+ Bunt-runner || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.0
+ Clew Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .8
+ Bow-lines in || || | | || | |
+ the Main Top || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | .8
+ || || | | || | |
+ MIZEN TOP-GAL’T|| || | | || | |
+ MAST & YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Top Block ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 1| 10 | 1.4
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Channels || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Halliards || D. || — | — | — || 1| 7 | 1.0
+ Halliards || S. || — | — | — || 1| 7 | 1.0
+ Braces on Yard-|| || | | || | |
+ arms || || | | || | |
+ Braces on Main || || | | || | |
+ Top-mast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || D. || — | — | — || 2| 5 | .9
+ Sister || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.3
+ Lifts in Top || || | | || | |
+ (Bull’s Eyes) || S. || — | — | — || 2| — | —
+ Lift Jiggers || D. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .9
+ Lift Jiggers || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .9
+ Quarter Blocks || D. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.1
+ Bunt-line || S. || — | — | — || 1| 6 | 1.1
+ Bow-lines at || || | | || | |
+ Main Top-mast || || | | || | |
+ head || D. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | 1.1
+ || || | | || | |
+ MIZ. ROYAL MAST|| || | | || | |
+ AND YARD. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .8
+ Breast || || | | || | |
+ Backstays in ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Top || b’d. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .8
+ Quarter Blocks || S. || — | — | — || 2| 6 | .8
+ Braces Main || || | | || | |
+ Top-mast-head || S. || — | — | — || 2| 5 | .9
+ Bow-lines || || | | || | |
+ leading to M’n || || | | || | |
+ Top-mast head || S. || — | — | — || 2| 5 | .9
+ Bunt-lines || S. || — | — | — || 1| 5 | .9
+ || || | | || | |
+ SPANKER BOOM || || | | || | |
+ AND GAFF. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 11 | 2.0|| 2| 12 | 2.5
+ Tackles for || || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || D. || 4| 11 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.1
+ Tackles for || || | | || | |
+ Topping-lifts || S. || 2| 11 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.1
+ Sheets || D. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Sheets || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Peak Halliards ||D. Iron|| | | || | |
+ || b’d. || — | — | — || 1| 12 | 1.3
+ Peak Halliards || S. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.3
+ Throat || || | | || | |
+ Halliards || D. || — | — | — || 1| 12 | 1.3
+ Throat ||S. Iron|| | | || | |
+ Halliards || b’d. || — | — | — || 1| 12 | 1.3
+ Peak Brails ||Cheek. || | | || | |
+ Throat Brails ||S. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.1
+ Middle Brails || S. || — | — | — || 2| 8 | 1.0
+ Foot Brails || S. || — | — | — || 1| 12 | 1.5
+ Outhauler || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.1
+ Vangs || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.1
+ Vangs leading || || | | || | |
+ on Quarter || S. || — | — | — || 2| 7 | 1.1
+ Dasher Block || || | | || | |
+ (Ensign || || | | || | |
+ Halliards) || D. || 1| — | — || 1| — | —
+ || || | | || | |
+ MISCELLANEOUS || || | | || | |
+ BLOCKS. || || | | || | |
+ || || | | || | |
+ Cat Blocks || T. || 2D| 11 | 1.5|| 2| 17 | 2.1
+ Cat Backropes || S. || — | — | — || 4| 8 | 1.1
+ Fish Tackle || D. || — | — | — || 4| 18 | 2.0
+ Fish Leaders || S. || — | — | — || 3| 16 | 1.8
+ Clear Hawse || || | | || | |
+ Pend’nts || S. || 1| — | — || 1| — | —
+ Bull’s Eyes for|| || | | || | |
+ clothes-lines || — || 20| — | — || 60| — | —
+ Cap Bobstay || || | | || | |
+ Hearts ||L. Vit.|| 2| — | — || 2| — | —
+ Middle and || || | | || | |
+ Inner H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 2| — | — || 4| — | —
+ Bowsprit Shr’ds|| || | | || | |
+ H’rts ||L. Vit.|| 4| — | — || 8| — | —
+ Iron-strapped || || | | || | |
+ Bull’s Eyes (in|| || | | || | |
+ head), size and|| || | | || | |
+ number as req’d|| || | | || | |
+ Luff Tackle || || | | || | |
+ Blocks || S. || 20| 9 | 1.1|| 40| 11 | 1.4
+ Luff Tackle || || | | || | |
+ Blocks for || || | | || | |
+ Stays || D. || 4| 10 | 1.2|| 16| 13 | 1.5
+ Leading Rigging|| || | | || | |
+ on Fo’castle || || | | || | |
+ and Gangways || Assort|| — | — | — || 12| — | —
+ Fife-rail || S. || | | || | |
+ Leaders || d. sc || 20| — | — || 40| — | —
+ Side Leaders || — || 20| — | — ||100| — | —
+ Snatch Blocks || Assort|| 8| — | — || 15| — | —
+ Hammock Girt- || || | | || | |
+ lines || S. || 8| 9 | 1.1|| 16| 10 | 1.4
+ Ham’ck Tricing-|| || | | || | |
+ lines || S. || 8| 7 | .9|| 12| 9 | 1.0
+ Relieving || || | | || | |
+ Tackles || D. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Relieving || || | | || | |
+ Tackles || S. || 2| 9 | 1.2|| 2| 10 | 1.4
+ Awning Jiggers || D. || 6| 6 | .8|| 8| 9 | 1.2
+ Lower Yard || || | | || | |
+ Whips || S. || 2| 6 | .8|| 4| 8 | 1.0
+ Crow-foot || || | | || | |
+ Halliards for || || | | || | |
+ Awnings || S. || 4| 5 | .7|| 6| 6 | .8
+ Stern, Quarter || || | | || | |
+ and Waist Davit|| || | | || | |
+ Blocks ||D. Irb.|| 10| 8 | 1.0|| 12| 10 | 1.2
+ Leading Trucks || D. || 12| — | — || 30| — | —
+ Leading Trucks || S. || 12| — | — || 30| — | —
+ Fore Yard ||Fiddle || 1| 20 | 1.3|| 2| 30 | 1.6
+ Fore Yard || S. || 1| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 16 | 1.5
+ Fore Stay || D. || — | — | — || 1| 15 | 1.6
+ Fore Stay || S. || — | — | — || 1| 15 | 1.6
+ Main Yard ||Fiddle || 1| 20 | 1.3|| 2| 30 | 1.6
+ Main Yard || S. || 1| 10 | 1.1|| 2| 16 | 1.5
+ Main Stay || D. || — | — | — || 1| 15 | 1.6
+ Main Stay || S. || — | — | — || 1| 15 | 1.6
+ Quarter and || || | | || | |
+ Stay || S. || — | — | — || 4| 14 | 1.5
+ Dead Eyes (set)|| — || 1| — | — || 1| — | —
+ Stock and Bill || || | | || | |
+ Tackle || D. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.4
+ Stock and Bill || || | | || | |
+ Tackle || S. || — | — | — || 2| 11 | 1.4
+ Trucks for Jaws|| || | | || | |
+ of Gaff (set) || — || 1| — | — || 1| — | —
+ Masthead Trucks|| || | | || | |
+ (set) || — || 1| — | — || 1| — | —
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | || | |
+ sail Boom || || | | || | |
+ Burtons || D. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.0
+ F. T. Studding-|| || | | || | |
+ sail Boom || || | | || | |
+ Burtons || S. || — | — | — || 2| 10 | 1.0
+
+
+=525.--A Table showing the projective Distances from Spar-deck of U. S.
+Ship North Carolina.=
+
+ From Night-head to Bowsprit Cap 53 feet.
+ „ „ to Jib-boom 91 „
+ „ „ to Flying Jib-boom 109 „
+ „ „ to Jib of Jib-Truck 128 „
+
+ From Spar-deck to Fore Cap 77¹⁄₂ „
+ „ „ to F. T. M. Cap 122¹⁄₂ „
+ „ „ to F. T. Gallant Cap 145¹⁄₂ „
+ „ „ to F. Royal Cap 170¹⁄₂ „
+ „ „ to F. Sky-sail Truck 187¹⁄₂ „
+ „ „ to Main Cap 90 „
+ „ „ to M. T. M. Cap 141 „
+ „ „ to M. T. Gallant Cap 166 „
+ „ „ to M. Royal Cap 193¹⁄₂ „
+ „ „ to M. Sky-sail Truck 211¹⁄₂ „
+ „ „ to Mizen Cap 75¹⁄₂ „
+ „ „ to M. T. M. Cap 116 „
+ „ „ to M. T. Gallant Cap 136 „
+ „ „ to M. Royal Cap 158 „
+ „ „ to M. Sky-sail Truck 173 „
+
+ Length on Spar-deck 209 „
+ Main Gun-deck 207 „
+ Lower Gun-deck 201 „
+ Extreme length from Night-head to Taffrail 210 „
+
+ Ft.In.
+ Breadth of Beam 53.6
+
+ Depth from Taffrail to False Keel 53.4
+
+ Height from Water to Port-sill 7.6
+ Height between deck from Spar to Main Gun-deck 7.1
+ „ „ „ from Main to Lower Gun-deck 7.3
+ „ „ „ from Lower to Orlop 7.3
+
+ Size of Spar-deck Beam .10
+ „ of Main Gun-deck Beam 1.3
+ „ of Lower Gun-deck Beam 1.3
+
+ Height from Port-sills to Spar-deck .7
+ „ „ to Main Gun-deck 1.11³⁄₄
+ „ „ to Lower Gun-deck 2.2
+
+ Ft.In.
+ Distance between Ports No. 1 and 2, Spar-deck 8. 1
+ „ „ „ 2 „ 3, „ 12. 5
+ „ „ „ 3 „ 4, „ 7.
+ „ „ „ 4 „ 5, „ 6.10
+ „ „ „ 5 „ 6, „ 8.
+ „ „ „ 6 „ 7, „ 8.
+ „ „ „ 7 „ 8, „ 8.
+ „ „ „ 8 „ 9, „ 7. 9
+ „ „ „ 9 „ 10, „ 7.
+ „ „ „ 10 „ 11, „ 7.10
+ „ „ „ 11 „ 12, „ 5.10
+ „ „ „ 12 „ 13, „ 7.
+ „ „ „ 13 „ 14, „ 10.3
+ „ „ „ 14 „ 15, „ 6.8
+ „ „ „ 15 „ 16, „ 10.2
+ „ „ „ 16 „ 17, „ 9.9
+ „ „ „ 17 „ 18, „ 6.
+ „ „ After Port and Counter 7.6
+ „ „ Bridle Port and No. 1 Main Gun-deck 11.
+ „ „ All the other Ports 8.
+ „ „ After Port and Counter 12.6
+ Between Ports on Lower Gun-deck the same.
+
+ Length. Depth.
+ Size of Spar-deck Ports 3 1 3 6
+ „ Main Gun-deck do. 3 6 2 11
+ „ Lower Gun-deck do. 3 2 2 11
+
+[Illustration: E. Pluribus Unum]
+
+
+=526.--A Table showing the Weight of the Armament, Stores, Outfits and
+Provisions of the U. S. Sloop of War Albany, fitted out at the Navy
+Yard, New York.=
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | | | Casks and |
+ ON BOARD. | Ballast. | Tanks. | Brakers. |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | 1.13.1.24  | 5. 8.0.14 | — |
+ Second Day | — | 19. 4.1. 1  | 1.16.0.22 |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day | — | — | — |
+ Fourth Day   | 9. 0.0.13 | — | — |
+ Fifth Day | — |   | 1.11.0.18 |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day | — | 44 | 2.11.1.25 |
+ Seventh Day | — | Tanks. | — |
+ Eighth Day | — |   | — |
+ Ninth Day | — |   | 0. 7.1. 6 |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | — | — | —   |
+ Eleventh Day | — | —   | 0. 3.2. 4  |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | — | — | — |
+ Thirteenth Day| — | — | —   |
+ Fourteenth Day| — | — | — |
+ Fifteenth Day | — | — | —   |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 10.13.2. 9 | 24.12.1.15  | 6. 9.2.19 |
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | Hemp |
+ | Beds & Ch’cks | |Cables, H’wsers,|
+ DATE WHEN PUT | for Tanks and |Chain Cables and| Towlines |
+ ON BOARD. | Casks—wood, &c.| other Chains. | and Messengers.|
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | — | 36. 1.3.20  | — |
+ Second Day | — | — | —   |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day | — | — | — |
+ Fourth Day   | — | — | —  |
+ Fifth Day |   3.12.1.16 | — |  8. 3.0.15  |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day | — | — | — |
+ Seventh Day | — | — | — |
+ Eighth Day | —  | 0.11.1. 6 | — |
+ Ninth Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | 3.12.1.16 | — | — |
+ Eleventh Day | 1.16.0.22 | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | — | — | — |
+ Thirteenth Day| 3.12.1.16 | — | — |
+ Fourteenth Day| — | — | — |
+ Fifteenth Day | 3.12.1.16 | — | — |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 16. 5.3. 2 | 36.13.0.26 |  8. 3.0.15 |
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | Lower | | |
+ | Cross-trees, | | |
+ | Trestle-trees, | | |
+ | Tops, Lower | | |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | Masts, Bowsprit| Anchors, Kedges| Guns and Gun |
+ ON BOARD. |Caps and Shores.| and Grapnels. | Carriages. |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | — | | |
+ Second Day | 0. 5.1. 8 | 4. 5.2.10 | — |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day | 19.11.3. 0 | 0.11.0. 8 | |
+ Fourth Day   | 1. 9.0.26 | — | — |
+ Fifth Day | 0.11.0. 0 | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day | — | — | 61.11.0.10 |
+ Seventh Day | — | — |  0. 3.1.22 |
+ Eighth Day | — |  5. 6.0. 1 | — |
+ Ninth Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | — | — | 0. 9.1.24  |
+ Eleventh Day | — | — | —   |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | — | — | — |
+ Thirteenth Day| — |  0. 7.0.20 | — |
+ Fourteenth Day| — | — | —   |
+ Fifteenth Day | — | — | —   |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 20.17.1. 6 | 10. 9.3.11 | 62. 4.0. 0 |
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | Ammunition & | Other Masts and| Rigg’g, |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | Equipment of |Yards, including| Blocks and Dead|
+ ON BOARD. | Guns. | Spare Spars. | Eyes Bolsters. |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | | | — |
+ Second Day | 24. 8.1. 0 | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day |  | | 0.14.0.10 |
+ Fourth Day   | —   | 3. 4.2.20 |  4. 6.0. 8 |
+ Fifth Day | —   | 1. 1.3.12 |  0. 3.0.25 |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day |   | | 1. 4.0. 3 |
+ Seventh Day | —   | 8.16.1. 3 |  9.14.0.22 |
+ Eighth Day | —   | 3. 8.1. 6 |  1.15.2.14 |
+ Ninth Day |  5. 9.3.18 |   | 0. 5.3.14 |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | 7.16.2.17  | 2. 9.3.10 |  8.13.0.13 |
+ Eleventh Day | 0. 1.2.12  | 1.15.1.15 |  0.10.1.24  |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | — |  1. 3.1.26 |  0.19.3.17  |
+ Thirteenth Day|   | | 0.11.0.18 |
+ Fourteenth Day| 5. 7.0.26 | |  0.10.0.23  |
+ Fifteenth Day | 4. 7.0. 0 | | — |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 47.10.2.17 | 21.19.3. 8 | 29. 7.3.23  |
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | Boats and their| |Whiskey, Vinegar|
+ ON BOARD. | Equipments. | Water. | and Molasses. |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | — | 83.16.1. 4 | |
+ Second Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day | | | |
+ Fourth Day   | | | |
+ Fifth Day | | | |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day | — | 23,468 Gallons | —   |
+ Seventh Day | | of Water. | |
+ Eighth Day | 2.18.2.18 | | — |
+ Ninth Day | — | | — |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | — | | —   |
+ Eleventh Day | 2. 1.3.21  | | 7. 0.1. 9 |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | 0. 8.3. 0 | — | —   |
+ Thirteenth Day| — | — | — |
+ Fourteenth Day| 0. 6.0.27 | — | —   |
+ Fifteenth Day | — | — |  0. 2.3.22 |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 5.15.2.10 | 83.16.1. 4  | 7. 3.1. 3   |
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | Galley, Forge, | | |
+ | and their | Coal, Paints, | Miscellaneous |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | Appurtenances— | Paint Oil, and | Articles— |
+ ON BOARD. | Spare Iron. | Naval Stores. | Plank, &c. |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | | | |
+ Second Day | — | — | 0. 3.0.24 |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day | | | |
+ Fourth Day   | | | |
+ Fifth Day | | | |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day | 2. 7.0.21  | 2.17.3. 3  | 0. 3.0. 0 |
+ Seventh Day | | | |
+ Eighth Day | — | — | 0. 2.0.16 |
+ Ninth Day | — | — | 0. 1.2. 7 |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | 0.16.1.18 | —   | 0. 6.1.11  |
+ Eleventh Day | —   | 3. 8.3. 2  | 1.14.3. 4  |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | — | 1. 9.1.27  | 0. 5.2.14  |
+ Thirteenth Day| —  | — | 0.13.1.25  |
+ Fourteenth Day| — | 0. 1.0.10  | 1. 0.1. 2 |
+ Fifteenth Day | —  | — | 0.14.1. 1 |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 3. 3.2.11  | 7.17.0.14  | 5. 4.2.20  |
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | | | |
+ | Carpenters’ & | | |
+ | Joiners’ Work, | Provisions, | |
+ | including | including | Sails, |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | Furniture | Priv’te Stores | Canvass, Spare |
+ ON BOARD. | & Mess Chest. | of Officers. |Hammocks & Bags.|
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | | | |
+ Second Day | | | |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day | | | |
+ Fourth Day   | | | |
+ Fifth Day | | | |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day | | | |
+ Seventh Day | | | |
+ Eighth Day | | | |
+ Ninth Day | — | 20. 4.1.17 | |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | 0. 1.2. 8 | 11.17.2.10 |  0. 8.3.20 |
+ Eleventh Day | 0.16.3.22 |  9.15.0. 9 |  3.14.2.26 |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | 0. 7.3. 6 |  3.12.3.17 | —   |
+ Thirteenth Day| 0.13.2.24 |  2. 2.3. 3 |  0. 9.1. 4 |
+ Fourteenth Day| —   | 3. 2.0.11 |  2.19.1.14 |
+ Fifteenth Day | —   | 3.17.0. 0 |  1. 6.3. 4 |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 2. 0.0. 4 | 54.11.3.11  | 8.19.0.12 |
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | | Boatswain’s | |
+ ON BOARD. |Purser’s Stores.| Stores. |Gunner’s Stores.|
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | — | — | — |
+ Second Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day | — | — | — |
+ Fourth Day   | — | — | — |
+ Fifth Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day | — | — | 2. 6.3.24 |
+ Seventh Day | — | — | — |
+ Eighth Day | — | — | — |
+ Ninth Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | — | — | 1.17.2. 5 |
+ Eleventh Day | — |   3.18.2. 5 | — |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | — |  1.10.0.15  | 0. 7.3.24 |
+ Thirteenth Day| — | — | —   |
+ Fourteenth Day| 8. 3.1.13 | — | 0. 6.0.27 |
+ Fifteenth Day | 3. 4.1.16  | 0.16.3.12 | —   |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 11. 7.3. 1  | 6. 5.2. 4  | 4.18.2.24  |
+
+ ==============+================+================+================+
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ | | | |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | Carpenter’s | Sailmaker’s | |
+ ON BOARD. | Stores. | Stores. |Master’s Stores.|
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | — | — | — |
+ Second Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Third Day | — | — | — |
+ Fourth Day   | — | — | — |
+ Fifth Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Sixth Day | — | — | — |
+ Seventh Day | — | — | — |
+ Eighth Day | — | — | — |
+ Ninth Day | — | — | — |
+ | | | |
+ Tenth Day | — | — | — |
+ Eleventh Day | — |   0.17.1.23 | — |
+ | | | |
+ Twelfth Day | — | — |   0. 3.0. 5  |
+ Thirteenth Day| 1.13.1. 2 | — |   0.11.2.27 |
+ Fourteenth Day| — | — | — |
+ Fifteenth Day | 0. 5.2.24  | 1. 6.3. 4 | — |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 1.18.3.26  | 2. 4.0.27  | 0.14.3. 4  |
+
+ ==============+================+================+
+ | | |
+ | | |
+ | | |
+ | | Aggregate |
+ DATE WHEN PUT | | Amount of |
+ ON BOARD. |Hospital Stores.| Weight per day.|
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+
+ |ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|ton.cwt.qrs.lbs.|
+ First Day   | — | 126.19.3. 6 |
+ Second Day | — | 50. 2.3. 9 |
+ | | |
+ Third Day | — | 20.17.0.18 |
+ Fourth Day   | — | 18. 0.0.11 |
+ Fifth Day | — | 15. 2.3. 2 |
+ | | |
+ Sixth Day | — | 73. 1.2. 2 |
+ Seventh Day | — | 18.13.3.19 |
+ Eighth Day | — | 14. 2.0. 5 |
+ Ninth Day | — | 26. 9.0. 6 |
+ | | |
+ Tenth Day | — | 38. 9.3.12 |
+ Eleventh Day | — | 37.16.3. 2 |
+ | | |
+ Twelfth Day | 1. 3.1.25 | 14.15.2.12 |
+ Thirteenth Day| — | 29. 0.1.18 |
+ Fourteenth Day| — | 22. 3.2. 9 |
+ Fifteenth Day | — | 19.14.0.15 |
+ --------------+----------------+----------------+
+ Total, | 1. 3.1.25 | 525. 9.2. 6 |
+
+ ==============+============+============
+ | |
+ | Draft | Draft
+ | of Water | of Water
+ | forward | aft
+ DATE WHEN PUT | ending | ending
+ ON BOARD. | each day. | each day.
+ --------------+------------+------------
+ |feet.inches.|feet.inches.
+ First Day   | |
+ Second Day | |
+ | |
+ Third Day | 12. 7 | 14. 0
+ Fourth Day   | 13. 0 | 15. 0
+ Fifth Day | 13. 2 | 15. 6
+ | |
+ Sixth Day | 14. 1 | 15.10
+ Seventh Day | 14. 3 | 15.11
+ Eighth Day | 14. 5¹⁄₂ | 15.10¹⁄₂
+ Ninth Day | 14. 6¹⁄₂ | 15.10
+ | |
+ Tenth Day | 14. 8 | 15.11
+ Eleventh Day | 15.10 | 16. 2
+ | |
+ Twelfth Day | 15.11¹⁄₂ | 16. 4
+ Thirteenth Day| 16. 2 | 16. 7¹⁄₂
+ Fourteenth Day| 16. 4 | 17. 3
+ Fifteenth Day | 16. 4 | 17. 6
+ --------------+------------+------------
+ Total, | |
+
+[Illustration: Scale-Draft of a Schooner-of-War, twelve guns.]
+
+
+
+
+RECIPES.
+
+
+=527.=--FOR BLACKING SHIP’S STANDING-RIGGING.
+
+To a half barrel of tar add 6 gallons of whiskey, 4 pounds of litharge,
+4 pounds lamp-black, 2 buckets of boiling beef-pickle, or hot salt
+water out of the coppers, if the other cannot be had conveniently; mix
+well together and apply immediately.
+
+
+=528.=--FOR BLACKING GUNS.
+
+Six pound of beeswax mixed with one gallon of spirits of turpentine,
+one paper of lamp-black, mixed well together, for twenty 24 pounders.
+
+_Note._--The beeswax to be cut fine, and dissolved in spirits of
+turpentine before being mixed with the lamp-black.
+
+
+=529.=--FOR BLACKING HAMMOCK-CLOTHS, YARDS, AND BENDS.
+
+First scrub the cloth well with salt water, and while wet put on the
+first coat of priming, which should be well-ground paint, with one
+and-a-half pounds of beeswax added to each gallon of paint; after the
+first coat is dry, put on second, mixed as follows, viz.: one pound
+lamp-black mixed for paint, one pound red lead, one gallon paint oil,
+half pound litharge, and half an ounce of indigo, boiled for half
+an hour, and stirred at intervals. Care should be taken that the
+composition boils that length of time. After it has cooled a little,
+add one pint of spirits of turpentine; apply when warm, and it will
+dry in a short time with a beautiful gloss, and be perfectly limber.
+This last mixture has been found very suitable for yards, and also the
+bends; but it must never be used too warm, particularly on canvass, in
+which case it will lose its gloss. The priming, or first coat, is not
+put on cloths that have been blacked before.
+
+
+=530.=--FOR MAKING LIQUID-BLACKING.
+
+Four ounces of ivory black, five or six table-spoonsful of molasses,
+one and a-half ounce oil of vitriol, one and a-half ounce sweet oil,
+and six gills of vinegar. After mixing the ingredients together well
+and stirring them frequently, the blacking will be fit for use.
+
+
+=531.=--FOR BLACKING GUNS.
+
+Six ounces of lamp-black, three pints of spirits of turpentine,
+and three ounces of litharge to be put in after the lamp-black and
+turpentine are well mixed; add one ounce of umber to give it a gloss,
+and one gallon bright varnish.
+
+
+=532.=--COMPOSITION FOR BLACKING GUNS.
+
+Six pounds of beeswax cut up fine, then add seven quarts spirits of
+turpentine; let it stand until it is well dissolved, then add one pound
+lamp-black, and mix it well together.
+
+
+=533.=--FOR MAKING BLACK-VARNISH, NO. I.
+
+Two pounds of gum shellac, two pounds umber, one gallon linseed oil,
+and quarter pound of lamp-black; boiled together for four hours over a
+slow fire.
+
+
+=534.=--COMPOSITION FOR BLACKING HAMMOCK CLOTHS, NO. I.
+
+Twenty pounds of beeswax, four pounds rosin, two gallons spirits of
+turpentine, one gallon paint oil, and six pound of lamp-black. Boil
+them well together, and keep it warm while putting on.
+
+_Note._--To be primed first with lead-colored paint.
+
+
+=535.=--COMPOSITION FOR HAMMOCK CLOTHS, NO. II.
+
+Forty-eight pounds of yellow ochre, eight pounds black paint, half
+pound soap, and three pints of fresh water.
+
+
+=536.=--FOR HAMMOCK CLOTHS, NO. III.
+
+Half a pound of black paint, three pounds yellow ochre, half pound of
+soap, three-quarters of a gill of fresh water.
+
+
+=537.=--FOR HAMMOCK CLOTHS, NO. IV.
+
+Eighty pounds black paint well ground, ten gallons linseed oil, ten
+pounds of beeswax, five pounds litharge, and one gallon of spirits of
+turpentine. For blacking bends, add two gallons of tar.
+
+
+=538.=--FOR MAKING BLACK-VARNISH, NO. II.
+
+One gallon of the spirits of turpentine, one pound and four ounces of
+rosin, one pound and four ounces lamp-black, and one quart of linseed
+oil; to be boiled on a slow fire for half-an-hour, then used or laid on
+when cold.
+
+
+=539.=--SOLDER FOR COPPER.
+
+Nothing is necessary here, but good tough borax and brass, well mixed
+together with water, to the consistence of paste.
+
+
+=540.=--SOLDER FOR LEAD.
+
+Take two parts of water-lead, and one part of tin; its goodness is
+tried by melting it, and pouring the size of a half dollar piece on a
+table; then if it be good there will arise small, bright stars or beads
+on it. Apply rosin when you use it.
+
+
+=541.=--TO MAKE THE BEST DRYING OIL.
+
+Mix one pound of litharge of gold to every six gallons of oil; boil it
+over a slow fire, but not too much, least it prove too thick, and be
+unserviceable.
+
+
+=542.=--FOR BLACK STAIN.
+
+Four ounces of copperas; iron rust, or a few pieces of old iron hoop;
+one gallon of vinegar; half pound lamp-black, and a small quantity of
+oak shavings.
+
+
+=543.=--BLACKING GUNS, SHOT, &c.
+
+Coal tar alone, or mixed with a little salt water, is a good thing for
+blacking guns and shot. It should be laid on quite warm, and if the day
+be cold, a hot shot may with advantage be put into the guns to warm
+the metal, and make it take the blacking better, due attention being
+previously paid to unloading.
+
+Lay the stuff on as thin as possible, with paint-brushes, using hot
+loggerheads or bolts to keep it warm.
+
+If well laid on, and wiped afterwards with an oil-cloth occasionally,
+this process will prevent rust, and preserve the good look of the guns
+for a length of time, without having recourse to washing with water.
+
+
+=544.=--FRENCH RECIPE FOR BLACKING GUNS, &c.
+
+To one gallon of vinegar, put ten ounces of lamp-black, and one pound
+and a-half of clear sifted iron-rust, and mix them well together.
+
+Lay this on the guns after a good coat of black paint, and rub it
+occasionally with a soft oil-cloth.
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.
+
+
+From the Sailor’s Magazine.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT: _second edition,
+ improved and enlarged with additional matter, illustrated with
+ seventy engravings, and tables, 8vo., pp. 420_. By WILLIAM BRADY,
+ _Sailing Master_, _U. S. Navy_; _reviewed by a Master Mariner_.
+
+This is a work very much needed for the younger members of our
+profession, being the most complete thing of the kind that has ever
+been published. There is nothing of the smallest moment in use on board
+a man-of-war, or merchantman, but it has illustrated in a plate, and
+its use or uses fully described. With singular faithfulness it details
+the whole minutiæ of ship’s duty, from the knotting of ropeyarns
+to splicing heavy cables and fitting standing rigging. It not only
+embraces all the particulars of the rigging work, but explains with
+equal clearness the various mechanical operations necessarily combined
+to fit out a first class ship. Here the novice may acquire a great deal
+by practising from the various plates and figures, while preparing for
+a nautical life; besides, from its fullness on those subjects the most
+interesting to the young sailor, it will be calculated to lead him to
+study his Manual, and thereby not entirely lose all relish for study,
+when first embarking in his ocean life, which has hitherto been so
+common and so disadvantageous to young men. There is no kind of duty on
+ship-board but is here explained, and I conceive it the most valuable
+work not only for novices, but for every grade in our profession.
+There is a great deal of very useful information for all, however
+experienced they may be. Every kind of spar is described, with its
+relative proportions and use--the rules for which few men can carry in
+their minds. And it is quite important to know, in masting and sparring
+a ship, what are the principles which govern the usage of the day, even
+if we alter the proportions afterward to suit our own caprice or fancy.
+
+The author has clearly shown himself to be master of his business;
+he has described fully all the various parts of the ship’s hull and
+spars--the different pieces of standing and running rigging, with the
+way to fit the one and how to cut and reeve the other. He teaches how
+to get the masts and yards on board, aloft, and rigged--he speaks
+of all with sufficient clearness, and at the same time does not
+unnecessarily multiply words. After rigging and sparring the ship, he
+bends the sails, after the most judicious plan in fitting out for sea,
+or when blown away or split in a storm--and after putting the ship to
+sea, as it were, he then, in a seamanlike manner, explains all the
+various evolutions through which a ship may be passed, and supposes
+almost every extremity to which a ship is liable, giving the modern,
+and I might add, profitably improved method of doing things: for it is
+well known, that during the last 30 years there have been very many and
+equally great improvements in the method of rigging as well as working
+sea-going ships.
+
+I observe the author explains, in such places as have been deemed
+necessary, the different methods in use on board heavy-armed ships and
+merchantmen, which makes the book the more valuable to both classes
+of the service. Mr. Brady has some capital and useful remarks on the
+subject of the barometer, some of which I found entirely new to myself,
+although having used one for the last twenty years. But I conceive that
+his tables are very valuable even to shipmasters. Instead of lumbering
+up this book with what in fact belongs to an epitome of navigation,
+as has been the practice generally hitherto, he has confined himself,
+strictly speaking, to only those subjects which would naturally occur
+to one as coming under the head of seamanship--or, in other words, he
+has compiled literally “a Sailor’s Assistant.” I confidently assert,
+I have never seen the same amount of really useful and practical
+information in the same space adapted to our profession before. Here we
+find enumerated for the various classes of vessels, according to their
+tonnage, the requisite number of anchors, cables, guns, carriages,
+shot, &c., with their size, weight, and the comparative strength of
+the cables and rigging both chain and hemp: also a variety of most
+useful intelligence, and which must have been elicited only after
+considerable practical experiment--all of the most interesting as well
+as useful importance, not only to the novice, but the officer--the
+master--and I would even confidently add, that there is a great deal
+of information contained in this work which would make it a valuable
+acquisition to every ship-owner’s counting-room. There is nothing put
+on board the various classes of ships, but is described in the book,
+first to tell how it is made, and how it is rigged--how it is taken
+on board (if heavy)--its weight, and the amount allowed according to
+the length of the cruise. Nothing is omitted. I conceive that every
+ship-owner would find it an acquisition as a counting-house companion,
+as well as a “Young Sailor’s Assistant.” His recipes, which I find at
+the termination of the book, are not without their value; and although
+simple in themselves, yet not generally known.
+
+I cannot close without saying a few words in relation to the very
+judicious remarks he has made under the head of “good order” (merchant
+service) and cleanliness. It is undeniable that temperance and
+cleanliness would add much to the health, comfort, and good order of
+a crew; but it must be allowed that comparatively little has been
+done for the sailor--much more must be done before he will be made to
+realize the terrible effects of intemperance and licentiousness upon
+both body and soul, for time and eternity. It is cheering to see that
+spirits have been banished from the list of small stores on board
+of respectable American ships: and we can but hope that, ere long,
+through the influence of the efforts that are being made, especially
+for seamen, among several denominations of Christians in this city--by
+their building handsome churches on shore and afloat--splendid Homes
+which are made to them homes indeed when they resort to them--by
+their donations of books and libraries adapted to their characters
+and profession--that a few years will see them a different and vastly
+improved class of men. Already do we begin to see the influence of the
+leaven that has been cast among them, which leads us to the conviction
+that there is a better time coming for the sailor; and we cannot but
+hope and trust that all ranks of Christians will be diligent in prayer
+to God that “the abundance of the sea may be speedily converted unto
+him.” Finally, with the author I also think it entirely unnecessary for
+him to offer any apology in sending this work abroad to the public. If
+I may be allowed to offer an opinion on the merits of the composition
+or its style, I must say I have come to the conclusion, in the absence
+of any other guide but this book, being an utter stranger to the
+author, that he is--he _must be_--a seaman--a scholar--and a gentleman.
+I observe he professes, as his motto, “Hope for his anchor, and Heaven
+for his guide,” and I fervently pray that neither the one nor the other
+may ever fail him.
+
+
+From the Literary World.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT. By WM. BRADY,
+ _Sailing Master_, _U. S. N._ Published by the Author.
+
+Nowadays, when all science, arts, and callings are delineated in
+books, and the pen is wielded by members of every profession, it is no
+marvel that an excellently planned work, upon all things pertaining to
+seamanship, should be presented to the public by a gentleman of the
+marline-spike. And albeit the author tells us that that instrument is
+to him more familiar than the pen, he has, nevertheless, shown himself
+quite expert with the latter.
+
+“The Kedge Anchor” (a happy title, at least to Jack) has already run
+through one edition, which, for a purely practical work, is the best
+evidence of its merits. The present edition is, in many respects, an
+improvement upon the former, containing additional matter, plates and
+tables. To a sailor this work is invaluable; indeed, it is by far the
+best of the sort we ever remember to have seen. Generally, works of
+this description are loosely and carelessly put together; to use a
+nautical phrase, they are by no means “ship-shape and Bristol fashion,”
+and, in many cases, are mere servile copies, or abridgments of obsolete
+books on the same subject. The sailor-poet’s (Falconer) Marine
+Dictionary, published many years ago, has been the source from which
+most of them have been compiled. But in seamanship, as in everything
+else, great improvements and changes have, from time to time, been
+effected, and Mr. Brady’s volume contains them all. We cordially
+commend his book to all the purchasers of Bowditch’s Navigation;
+and we will furthermore guaranty that he who masters both, will be
+fully qualified to conduct a vessel round the globe with unerring
+certainty--enter a harbor as unexceptionably and gracefully as ever
+Brummel did a drawing-room, and cockbill his yards at a symmetrical
+angle.
+
+Not only to seamen, but to many landsmen, the “Kedge Anchor” cannot
+fail to be an acceptable volume. Its copious dictionary of sea terms,
+its excellent illustrations of nautical manœuvres and the information
+imparted upon all things pertaining to the construction, rig, and
+appointment of the ships in our navy, make the book truly valuable.
+From the “gammoning” of a bowsprit, and the staying of a royal-mast, to
+the taking of a “bowline-in-the-bight,” the student in tar will find
+all the information he can desire.
+
+The book is well got up, contains numerous well-executed cuts, and is
+alike creditable to author and publisher. We specially commend it to
+the members of the Yacht Club, as a _vade mecum_ for blue water.
+
+
+From the New York Journal of Commerce.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT. By WILLIAM BRADY, _S.
+ M._, _U. S. N._
+
+This work, as its title imports, is designed as an assistant for the
+young Sailor, through the various branches of his arduous profession.
+It contains useful instructions in every department of seamanship, with
+ample directions, which will impart to the young officer a great deal
+of valuable information in the duties of his profession, and enable him
+to act in the most judicious manner in many trying emergencies.
+
+In addition to many suggestions, which will prove valuable to every
+grade of seamen, it contains more thorough descriptions of the
+innumerable articles belonging to the various classes of vessels, than
+any other work ever published in this country; and is embellished with
+over seventy engravings, in illustration of the subjects treated of
+in its pages. The work is furnished with over one hundred pages of
+tables, which are valuable not only to the sea-faring man, but to all
+who are in any way interested in maritime pursuits. The entire work is
+contained in a volume of 420 pages, octavo, stereotype edition. It is
+printed on fine paper, and bound in handsome style. For sale by R. L.
+Shaw, No. 222 Water street, N. Y.
+
+
+From the True Sun.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT.
+
+We have had for several days lying on our table a massive octavo volume
+of some 420 pages, of which we have given the title. The author of it
+is William Brady, S. M., U. S. N., and it is on sale at the Sailor’s
+Home, and by most of the nautical stationers. The whole science of
+seamanship appears to be included in this fine volume, from the
+coiling of a rope to the dissection of a man-of-war and every nautical
+appendage thereof. No jot or tittle of a seaman’s duty appears to have
+been overlooked; everything is explained, and the most intricate things
+illustrated by engravings. The entire typographical execution and
+material of the volume are excellent; we do not find the price attached
+to it; but to the seaman--to the young seaman particularly--it must be
+invaluable.
+
+
+From the New York Courier & Enquirer.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT, _&c._, _&c._,
+ _illustrated with seventy engravings_. By WM. BRADY, _S. M._, _U. S.
+ N._ _2d edition, enlarged and improved_. New York.
+
+This is a handsome and no doubt a useful handbook for the young sailor
+or officer, explaining as it does, and illustrating by handsome cuts
+the various manipulations of the Sailor’s craft.
+
+The instruction comprehends the whole of the duties of the sailor, as
+well as regards the practical evolutions of the vessel, as the various
+details connected with rigging the vessel.
+
+The volume has already gone through one edition, which is presumptive
+evidence of its merits--and we dare say there will be ample demand for
+this second edition.
+
+
+From the Long Island Star.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT.
+
+We have just received the second edition of a very neat work, entitled
+“The Kedge Anchor,” improved and enlarged, with additional matter,
+plates, and tables, by Mr. William Brady, and dedicated to the United
+States Navy and Merchant Service.
+
+It is very neatly bound and good print, and is intended to instruct
+“Young Seamen” in rigging, knotting, splicing, blocks, purchases, and
+other miscellaneous matter applicable to vessels and ships of war.
+It is illustrated with seventy engravings, also a great number of
+Tables useful to seamen. It is also printed on beautiful paper, and it
+instructs you to build vessels of war.
+
+Published at New York by Mr. Wm. Brady, and sold at R. L. Shaw’s
+Nautical Store, 222 Water street, N. Y.
+
+It is octavo size, 420 pages, and handsomely illustrated with fine
+wood-cuts, representing many of the most beautifully modeled vessels in
+the U. S. Navy. It is a work of much labor and expense, and should be
+in the possession of every seaman, more especially those of the Navy. A
+copy of the work may be seen at this office.
+
+
+From the New York Sunday Dispatch.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT.
+
+The extraordinary demand for the above meritorious work has, in a very
+short time, exhausted the first edition.
+
+The author, William Brady, a sailing master in the United States Navy,
+has published a second edition, with additional tables and somewhat
+improved in typographical beauty. It is useless for us to speak of its
+merits as a text-book for the young officer. It is most emphatically a
+work of great merit, and one which will commend _itself_ to all classes
+whose “march is o’er the mountain wave.” The remarks it contains on
+that invaluable instrument the Barometer, are correct, and will do much
+to destroy the unfounded prejudice which some have against it.
+
+The volume contains a great number of plates, neatly executed, which
+serve to illustrate with precision a variety of nautical evolutions.
+The precautions for scudding are worthy of attention. It is a
+well-known fact among _sailors_ that many a good ship has been boarded
+by a sea, while scudding under _short sail_, when the disaster might
+easily have been avoided by showing more canvas. The work contains
+all the tables necessary for sparring and rigging a ship, and that in
+so plain and practical a manner that we cannot see how it is possible
+for any one to make a mistake; on the whole, we are inclined to think,
+that, though the author modestly calls it a _Kedge Anchor_, there is
+many an old salt who will look upon it as his _best bower_.
+
+
+From the New York Express.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR. By WILLIAM BRADY, _U. S. N._
+
+This is the title of a very handsome volume, professing to give
+thorough descriptions of the almost innumerable equipments belonging to
+the various classes of vessels. We are not “old salt” enough to speak
+as to the accuracy of its teachings, but it seems to be very complete
+and intelligible; and is illustrated with drawings of more ways of
+doing things than any but a sailor would ever dream of.
+
+
+From the New York Tribune.
+
+ THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT. By WILLIAM BRADY, _S.
+ M._, _U. S. N._ New York: R. L. Shaw, 222 Water st., 1 vol. 8vo., pp.
+ 420, with numerous engravings.
+
+This work, as its title imports, is designed as an assistant for the
+young Sailor through the various branches of his arduous profession. It
+contains useful instructions in every department of seamanship, with
+ample directions, which will impart to the young officer a great deal
+of valuable information in the duties of his profession, and enable him
+to act in the most judicious manner in many trying emergencies.
+
+In addition to many suggestions, which will prove valuable to every
+grade of seamen, it contains more thorough descriptions of the
+innumerable articles belonging to the various classes of vessels than
+any other work ever published in this country; and is embellished with
+over seventy engravings in illustration of the subjects treated of in
+its pages. The work is furnished with over one hundred pages of tables,
+which are valuable not only to the seafaring man but to all who are in
+any way interested in maritime pursuits. The entire work is contained
+in a volume of 420 pages, octavo stereotype edition. It is printed on
+fine paper and bound in handsome style.
+
+
+From the Brooklyn Daily Advertiser.
+
+THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT--is the title of a
+work just published by William Brady, Sailing Master in the U. S.
+Navy. Mr. Brady is a thorough seaman and eminently qualified to the
+task he has here undertaken. Every information is given appertaining
+to the practical evolutions of modern seamanship--rigging, knotting,
+splicing, blocks, purchases, running rigging, and other miscellaneous
+matters, applicable to ships of war and others. Illustrated with
+several engravings. Also tables of rigging, spars, sails, blocks,
+canvas, cordage, chain and hemp-cables, hawsers, &c., relative to every
+class of vessels. To those who are about to become sailors, the Kedge
+Anchor is invaluable; and those who have followed the sea, no matter
+how long, may derive information therefrom. It should be on board every
+vessel and in every library, as much may be found to interest even
+the landsman. The work meets the approval of the most able commanders
+in the merchant and naval service. The author is now attached to the
+Brooklyn Navy Yard, holding the appointment of Sailing Master, and is
+known as one of the best practiced seamen in the navy.
+
+
+From the New York Sun.
+
+THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT, by WM. BRADY, of the
+_U. S. Navy_, is the most unique and useful book for young seamen we
+have any knowledge of. Published by the author.
+
+
+From the New York Herald.
+
+THE KEDGE ANCHOR; or, YOUNG SAILOR’S ASSISTANT. By WM. BRADY, _S.
+M._, _U. S. N._, second edition. R. L. Shaw, 222 Water street. This
+is decidedly the best work for the maritime community, and the best
+adapted to convey perfect instruction to all who desire to learn the
+profession of seamanship, that we have ever seen. It has reached a
+second edition, and deserves to reach twenty, as it no doubt will. We
+shall have more to say respecting this valuable work; and in the mean
+time it should find a place in every library and on board every ship.
+
+
+
+
+ Transcriber’s Notes
+
+
+ Depending on the hard- and software used to read this text and
+ on their settings, not all elements may display as intended. The
+ (larger) tables towards the end of this text have been split into
+ narrower chunks in such a way (full length, horizontal chunks from
+ left to right) that they may easily be recombined to their full
+ width. Several tables might be considered continuations of the
+ foregoing table(s). Due to the order in which they were printed and
+ differences in lay-out they have been included here as separate
+ tables.
+
+ Page numbers 211 and 212 are not used in the source document, the
+ pagination jumps directly from 210 to 213.
+
+ Except as mentioned under Changes below, the text in this e-text is
+ that of the source document, including archaic, obsolete, unusual
+ and inconsistent spelling (also of proper names), hyphenation and
+ grammar. Repeated illustrations (including those that appear to
+ be ornamental only) and text have not been deleted. Differences in
+ wording between the Table of Contents and the section titles have not
+ been standardised.
+
+ Table data and calculations have not been checked or corrected,
+ except as listed below. Several tables towards the end of the book
+ that were printed on separate pages in the source document have
+ been recombined when their contents and lay-out suggested they were
+ intended to be read as single tables. Many of the tables give no
+ units for lengths etc.
+
+ The author often uses full stops between feet and inches (so 2 feet
+ 10 inches may be written 2.10), and between tons, hundredweights,
+ quarters and pounds (as in 1.13.1.24), etc. which may resemble but
+ are not decimal points.
+
+ References to tables: unless the context or the reference itself make
+ it clear which of the tables is intended, reference is assumed to be
+ made to the part of the book containing all of the tables in general.
+
+ Page 31, ... which has been described before on another page: it is
+ unclear to which other page this refers.
+
+ Page 53, footnote [3]: this footnote also refers to the very section
+ where it is included.
+
+ Page 148, 28, 4.17 seconds: as printed in the source document,
+ including the comma and period, the spacing and the values.
+
+ Page 281, (See Pudding.): there is no such entry in the word list,
+ but the subject is discussed in several places in the body text.
+
+ Page 293, Table 499: the value 2¹⁄₄ in column Size is possibly an
+ error for 2¹⁄₂.
+
+ Page 314. Columns Frigates and Smaller of sub-category Receiving
+ Vessels: it is not clear from the source document which ranks are
+ included in the phrase By special order.
+
+ Page 318, Table 517, row Mizen Royal Yard, values 11 (in this
+ context: .11 inch) in columns Masthead: possibly error for 1 1 (in
+ this context: 1 foot 1 inch) (2×).
+
+ Page 344: the two entries here included as ??? were illegible in the
+ source document.
+
+ Page 384: Table 525, row Size of Spar-deck Beam: 10 is possibly an
+ error for 1.0.
+
+
+ Changes made:
+
+ Multi-page tables from the original have been re-combined into
+ single tables; in those cases repeated table and column headers have
+ been deleted, as have connecting elements like Brought and Carried
+ forward. Ditto marks and do. in some tables have been replaced with
+ the dittoed text.
+
+ Plates and illustrations have been moved outside text paragraphs.
+ Footnotes were moved to underneath the sections or tables to which
+ they belong. Some plates and individual illustrations have been
+ rotated.
+
+ Obviously missing or erroneous punctuation was added or otherwise
+ corrected silently. Obvious minor misprints and typographical errors
+ have been corrected silently as well.
+
+ Page 21: Part heading PART I. inserted cf. Table of Contents.
+
+ Plate following Page 24: transcription of caption A Back-wall Hitch
+ changed to A Black-wall Hitch.
+
+ Page 29: ... as you see in Plate No. 3. changed to ... as you see in
+ Plate No. 2.
+
+ Pages 31 and 33: See Plate No. 4 changed to See Plate No. 3.
+
+ Page 40: (HOGSHEAD SLINGS) Is a piece of rope about ... changed to
+ Are pieces of rope about ....
+
+ Page 54: The formost leg is once and a-half ... changed to The
+ foremost leg is once and a-half ... as elsewhere.
+
+ Page 56: ... the men on the trestle-tress ... changed to ... the men
+ on the trestle-trees ....
+
+ Page 77: ... strapped in toa bolt ... changed to ... strapped into a
+ bolt ....
+
+ Page 78: When the half spiritsail yard ... changed to When the half
+ spritsail yard ....
+
+ Page 127: ... and the all hooks should be well moused. changed to ...
+ and all the hooks should be well moused.
+
+ Page 162: ... as she comes too; ... changed to ... as she comes to;
+ ....
+
+ Page 169: ... take the end of a rope from the forcastle ... changed
+ to ... take the end of a rope from the forecastle ....
+
+ Page 183: ... heave the ship too; ... changed to ... heave the ship
+ to; ....
+
+ Page 193, Footnote 3: See wrecked in a gale. changed to See Wrecked
+ in a Gale.
+
+ Page 199: ... ready hooked to there respective lanyards. changed to
+ ... ready hooked to their respective lanyards.
+
+ Page 220: ... when they have there proper masts ... changed to ...
+ when they have their proper masts ....
+
+ Caption with illustration following Page 224: A Sloop-of-War hove too
+ ... changed to A Sloop-of-War hove to ....
+
+ Page 255: the Representation of a Temporary Rudder has been moved to
+ Section 477.
+
+ Page 294-297 (tables 498, 499, 500 and 501): column Mean changed from
+ a separate column to a third sub-column of the column Breaking strain
+ in tons.
+
+ Page 309, third table (The Fore-mast from top of deck ...): the final
+ two columns have been laid out as similar columns on this page, i.e.
+ as a single column with a separating full stop between feet and
+ inches.
+
+ Page 314: 510.--A Table showing the Complement of Officers ...
+ changed to 516.--A Table showing the Complement of Officers ....
+
+ Page 323: 310 feet changed to 710 feet (giving 118 fathom 2 feet).
+
+ Page 326: 513.--A Table showing the Complement ... changed to 519.--A
+ Table showing the Complement ....
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 77729 ***
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