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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 76873 ***
+
+
+[Illustration: SHIP GLIDE OF SALEM
+
+From a water-color painted at Marseilles in 1823 by Anton Roux, Jr.]
+
+
+
+
+ WRECKED
+ AMONG CANNIBALS
+ IN THE FIJIS
+
+ _A NARRATIVE OF
+ SHIPWRECK & ADVENTURE
+ IN THE SOUTH SEAS_
+
+ BY
+ WILLIAM ENDICOTT
+ Third Mate of the Ship _Glide_
+
+ _with Notes by_
+ LAWRENCE WATERS JENKINS
+ Assistant-Director of the Peabody Museum
+ of Salem
+
+ [Illustration]
+
+ MARINE RESEARCH SOCIETY
+ SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS
+ 1923
+
+
+
+
+ PUBLICATION NUMBER THREE
+ OF THE
+ MARINE RESEARCH SOCIETY
+ SALEM, MASS.
+
+
+ COPYRIGHT, 1923, BY
+ THE MARINE RESEARCH SOCIETY
+
+
+ PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES
+ THE SOUTHWORTH PRESS
+ PORTLAND, MAINE
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+  LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS                               5
+
+  INTRODUCTION                                        7
+
+  WILLIAM ENDICOTT’S NARRATIVE                       15
+
+  A CANNIBAL FEAST AT THE FIJI ISLANDS               55
+
+  VOCABULARY OF THE FIJI ISLANDS                     71
+
+  VOCABULARY OF WALLIS ISLAND                        75
+
+  LIST OF OFFICERS AND CREW ON THE SHIP _GLIDE_      76
+
+
+
+
+ILLUSTRATIONS
+
+
+ SHIP GLIDE OF SALEM                              _Frontispiece_
+
+      From a water-color painted at Marseilles in 1823 by
+    Anton Roux, Jr.
+
+
+ WILLIAM ENDICOTT                                             15
+
+      From a photograph made about 1860.
+
+
+ FIJIAN MEN                                                   20
+
+      From a photograph made in 1898.
+
+
+ SHIP ANN ALEXANDER OF NEW BEDFORD                            29
+
+      From a water-color in the possession of the Old
+    Dartmouth Historical Society, New Bedford.
+
+
+ FIJI WAR CLUBS                                               34
+
+      Presented to the East India Marine Society of Salem
+    between 1823 and 1834. Now in the Peabody Museum of
+    Salem.
+
+
+ FIJIAN HOUSE                                                 40
+
+      From a photograph made in 1898.
+
+
+ MODEL OF A FIJI DOUBLE CANOE                                 44
+
+      Brought to the United States in 1856 by Capt. Thomas
+    C. Dunn, while on the bark _Dragon_ of Salem. Now in
+    the Peabody Museum of Salem.
+
+
+ SHIP CHINCHILLA OF NEW YORK                                  50
+
+      “Scrimshawed” on a whale’s tooth. Presented to the
+    East India Marine Society of Salem in 1825, by Capt.
+    William Osgood. Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.
+
+
+ A SHOAL OF SPERM WHALE OFF THE ISLAND OF HAWAII IN 1833      52
+
+      From an engraving by J. Hill after a painting by
+    T. Birch. The picture shows the famous Roach (Rotch)
+    whaling fleet,--the _Enterprise_, _Wm. Roach_,
+    _Pocahontas_ and _Houqua_, all from Nantucket.
+
+
+ FIJIAN WOMEN                                                 56
+
+      Wearing “maiden locks” indicating that they are
+    unmarried.
+
+
+ TOOTH OF A FIJIAN CANNIBAL                                   66
+
+      Presented to the Essex Institute in 1851 by Capt.
+    John H. Eagleston who stated that it was “A tooth from
+    Na Massa Ngaloa, the greatest cannibal that ever lived,
+    head chief of Rewa, Fiji Islands. Twenty years since
+    conquered most of the islands in the archipelago; since
+    died aged about sixty years. Eleven years ago became
+    Christian--baptised Ratu Mill.” Now in the Peabody
+    Museum of Salem.
+
+
+ MODEL OF A BURE OR FIJI TEMPLE                               66
+
+      Such models were presented to the temples as
+    offerings. Given to the East India Marine Society of
+    Salem, by Capt. Joseph Winn, Jr., in 1835. Now in the
+    Peabody Museum of Salem.
+
+
+ OBJECTS FROM FIJI                                            68
+
+      Presented to the East India Marine Society of Salem
+    and The Essex Institute between 1831 and 1860. Now in
+    the Peabody Museum of Salem.
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTION
+
+
+A hundred years ago the young men and boys living in New England
+seacoast towns could easily find in the forecastles of locally built
+ships, an opportunity to gratify a desire for adventure and a sight
+of foreign lands. Many of their shipmates would be neighbors or come
+from nearby towns and all who intended to follow the sea looked forward
+with anticipation and pride to the day when they might be able to ship
+as an officer or be given the command of a vessel. It was no unusual
+thing at that time for officers and captains to be under twenty years
+of age and the ship and the sea then possessed a romance and a lure not
+to be found in the present-day age of steam. The following narrative
+describes in matter-of-fact language, the experiences of one of these
+twenty-year old lads who shipped out of Salem, Massachusetts, as third
+officer in a fine ship bound for the South Seas.
+
+The ship _Glide_, of 306 tons burden, was built in Salem in 1811 for
+Joseph Peabody and Samuel Tucker and made thirteen voyages to the
+Mediterranean, Archangel, South America, India and the East Indies.
+In 1829 she was sent on a trading voyage to the South Seas under the
+command of Capt. Henry Archer. Most of her crew were young men and some
+were green hands. After doubling the Cape of Good Hope a course was
+set for New Zealand where fresh provisions, wood and water were taken
+aboard. At that time it was possible to obtain for a small piece of
+tobacco or some trading article of trifling cost, finely carved and
+ornamented war-spears and canoe paddles and curiously figured shawls
+made from the native flax,--articles now highly valued by museums and
+collectors. While there the ship was visited by Pomare, the principal
+chief in that part of the island, who brought with him his favorite
+wife. He was a fine-looking man wearing a blanket fastened over his
+right shoulder and his face and thighs were tattooed in graceful
+scrolls. She was handsome for a New Zealander, wore a blanket fastened
+over her left shoulder and her lips and chin were tattooed.
+
+After a voyage of 142 days from Salem, the _Glide_ reached Narai,
+one of the Fijis, where fresh provisions were taken aboard. A common
+musket worth only two or three dollars could be traded for a dozen
+large hogs and a pair of scissors or a jackknife was valued at a bunch
+of plantains or forty cocoanuts. When it came to exchanging trading
+goods for the native labor necessary to obtain the beche-le-mer--the
+principal article of trade in the islands--a common chisel made by
+the blacksmith on board from old hoop iron could be bartered for a
+day’s labor. To earn a chisel the islander must leave his hut early
+in the morning, sail fifteen or twenty miles to the reef and then
+work knee-deep in the water for six or eight hours gathering the
+beche-le-mer, a species of sea snail; after which he must carry his
+spoil to the ship--and all for a barrel-hoop chisel! The trading goods
+most esteemed in the Fijis at that time were iron tools, knives,
+scissors, whale’s teeth, beads and trinkets, but especially muskets,
+pistols and ammunition.
+
+The place selected for trade was reached about the middle of October,
+1829, and after negotiating with the local chief, his people were
+employed in building three houses,--a “batter house,” a hundred feet
+long, thirty wide and twenty high, where the beche-le-mer were dried
+and cured after boiling; a “pot house,” open on all sides, in which
+the forty-gallon pots were placed to boil the sea snails; and a “trade
+house,” a building about fifteen feet long, ten wide and eight high, in
+which trading goods brought in the ship were stored and so made easily
+available for barter.
+
+The beche-le-mer when found on the reefs are about eight inches long
+and three inches thick. They are of a dark brown color, have a rough
+skin which is thickly covered with slime, and are easily taken.
+Exposure to the air has little effect upon them. After having been
+purchased by the trading master they are placed in a shallow pool made
+near the shore where the sea-water flows in at high tide and here the
+snails are cleaned of slime and then taken to the pot house and boiled
+about forty minutes. After drying they become hard and are then sent
+aboard the ship, packed in matting bags and stowed away. When properly
+cured beche-le-mer will remain in good condition for several years. It
+requires the Chinese palate to wholly appreciate the peculiar delicacy
+of its flavor when cooked and served as a table dainty and it was to
+the Chinese market in Manilla that the _Glide’s_ cargo was taken and
+sold.
+
+As the natives were a warlike race and the different tribes were
+constantly engaged in fighting, the dozen men who remained on shore in
+charge of the trading house and the curing of the beche-le-mer, went
+fully armed. The _Glide_, also, presented a warlike appearance. Heavy
+cannon loaded with cannister and grape-shot appeared at every port-hole
+and on deck and below weapons were placed so that they were available
+at an instant’s notice. In each top there was a chest of arms and
+ammunition and “boarding nettings, eight or ten feet wide, were triced
+up around the ship by tackles and shipping lines suspended from the
+extremities of the lower yardarms.”[1] This seemed very necessary as
+nearly two thousand natives were employed in gathering and curing the
+beche-le-mer to complete the cargoes of the _Glide_ and the _Quill_,
+a brig hailing from Salem, that came in not long after the _Glide_
+reached Miambooa Bay.
+
+Severe storms at times prevail in the Fijis and twice the _Glide_
+narrowly escaped shipwreck. On the evening of March 21, 1831, a
+hard gale came up unexpectedly and all night the shrill voice of
+the leadsman called at intervals, “She drags! She drags!” The next
+morning at about eleven o’clock, after having dragged her anchors
+for a distance of nearly eight miles, the ship drove on a shore-reef
+projecting from the island of Vanua Levu and soon became a total
+wreck. In the following pages, William Endicott, the third officer
+of the _Glide_, describes the events of the voyage and gives an
+interesting account of the natives among whom he lived for several
+months; supplying also a short vocabulary of their language.
+
+William Endicott, who wrote this narrative, was the son of Israel and
+Betsey (Rea) Endicott of Danvers, Mass., and was born there July 7,
+1809. He came of a family of sailors and shipmasters and at the age of
+fifteen went to sea for a voyage to the west coast of South America, in
+the ship _China_, Capt. Hiram Putnam. There the ship was loaded with
+copper and the voyage home made by way of Manilla, China and Calcutta.
+It was during the homeward passage through the South Seas that Endicott
+learned of the trade in beche-le-mer. The first officer of the ship was
+Henry Archer, Jr., a Salem man, and on reaching home he proposed to
+Joseph Peabody, the great Salem shipowner and merchant, that a voyage
+be made to the South Seas to obtain beche-le-mer to be traded for
+Chinese goods. The venture promised large profits and Archer was given
+command of the ship _Glide_ and he shipped young Endicott as his third
+mate. This was Endicott’s last voyage to sea and on reaching home he
+engaged in the morocco leather business and in 1861 was commissioned an
+inspector in the Salem Custom House. He died Sept. 25, 1881, in Danvers.
+
+The journal of the voyage to the Fijis, kept by him, was given to
+the Peabody Museum of Salem by his children and is now printed for
+the first time by the kind permission of the Museum authorities
+who have also supplied valuable material to illustrate the volume.
+Accompanying the journal was a log book, kept during the voyage, from
+which additional information has been abstracted and is included among
+the footnotes. Mr. Israel O. Endicott, a son of William Endicott, has
+obligingly furnished biographical information. Thanks are also due to
+Mr. Charles C. Willoughby, Director of the Peabody Museum of Archæology
+and Ethnology, Cambridge, Mr. Perry Walton, Boston, The Essex Institute
+and Mr. Henry W. Wright, Salem, for assistance in illustrating the book.
+
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[1] See _Wreck of the Glide_, Boston, 1846.
+
+
+
+
+WILLIAM ENDICOTT’S NARRATIVE
+
+[Illustration: WILLIAM ENDICOTT
+
+From a photograph made about 1860.]
+
+
+
+
+WILLIAM ENDICOTT’S NARRATIVE
+
+
+On May 21st, 1829, I went on board the ship _Glide_, then lying in
+Salem harbour, having engaged to perform a voyage in her to the South
+Pacific Ocean for the purpose of procuring a cargo of beche-le-mer,
+tortoise shell and sandalwood. At meridian, all hands being on board,
+we got underweigh with a moderate east wind, and stood out to sea with
+all sail set. At 5 P. M. we were obliged to anchor outside the harbour
+where we lay until the following day at 11 A. M. when we weighed again
+and succeeded in getting to sea. We shaped our course for the Cape de
+Verde Islands in order to be sufficiently to the eastward where we
+expected to meet the South East trades, and soon lost sight of the
+American shores.
+
+Nothing of importance occurred on the passage till the 15th of June,
+when we saw one of the Cape de Verdes. We passed it and steered to
+the southward till the 1st of July when we first met the South East
+trade wind. We continued to steer to the southward, by the wind,
+until we reached the latitude of 32° south, when the wind becoming
+more variable, enabled us to proceed more directly on our course; to
+double the Cape of Good Hope, proceed to the eastward and touch at New
+Zealand, as was determined by the Captain, and to endeavour to procure
+some fresh stock. After arriving into the latitude of 40° south, we
+experienced a succession of gales and blowing weather, which lasted
+with but little cessation until the 31st of August, when we saw Van
+Diemens Land,[2] from whence we steered direct for the northern part of
+New Zealand.
+
+The wind and weather proved favourable and on the 14th of Sept. we
+saw the island of New Zealand and on the 17th anchored in the Bay of
+Islands,[3] 117 days from Salem, with one man sick.
+
+We found in this place three English whale ships[4] and one merchant
+brig.[5] The natives, although engaged in wars and fighting with
+themselves and being exceedingly fierce and savage, treated us very
+well and sold us hogs and vegetables in great plenty for muskets,
+powder, tools, cloth and tobacco. We generally were well pleased with
+them excepting the strong propensity they had to steal.
+
+The English Mission has a large establishment in this place guarded by
+a fort, and have succeeded tolerably well in informing the natives and
+in particular in putting a stop to the horrid practice of eating the
+dead bodies of their enemies.[6]
+
+We purchased six of the natives from one of the Chiefs, who we intended
+to employ in procuring our cargo; and after getting a supply of fresh
+stock, wood and water, we sailed from this port and steered to the
+north west intending to touch at the Tonga Islands before we went among
+the Fegeis, in order to lay in a good supply of vegetables and hogs
+which are in greater plenty at the Tonga Islands than at New Zealand.
+
+After leaving the land we found the weather boisterous for a few days
+until we reached the south east trades when it proved mild and pleasant
+and on the 6th of October, we saw one of the group called Friendly
+Islands[7] by Capt. Cook and Tonga by the natives. We ran in near to
+the shore when the natives came off in great numbers in their canoes
+bringing great quantities of cocoanuts, yams, plantains, hogs and
+fowls, besides different kinds of fruit, which they readily sold for
+cloth, beads, etc. As we had plenty of trade which we brought from the
+United States for the purpose we soon purchased a sufficiency of fresh
+stock and vegetables.
+
+The natives were of a copper complexion and were of very handsome
+features and appeared very friendly to us and well pleased with our
+trade. They were nearly naked having only a small covering over the
+middle and a few small ornaments round their necks and in the ears.
+
+On the 8th, having purchased a sufficient quantity of stock, we left
+the Islands and steered for the Fegee Islands,[8] our destined port,
+where we expected to procure our cargo and where we should be obliged
+to stop some months.
+
+These are a cluster of islands situated in the Pacific Ocean between
+the latitudes of 15° and 18° south and the longitudes of 178° and 180°
+east and very much resemble the West Indies, being very fertile and
+producing nearly all the fruits and vegetables found at those islands
+and being situated between the Tropics, the climate is much the same.
+
+Mountains of considerable size are to be found among them though they
+would be generally considered as low islands. They are surrounded by
+coral reefs and shoals of sand which renders navigation extremely
+dangerous though they serve to protect many harbours and bays from
+the sea. Although situated in the immediate vicinity of the S. E.
+trade wind, the wind does not prevail at any particular point, but is
+generally very variable and subject to frequent changes.
+
+These islands are inhabited by a race of people who differ very much
+from the other uncivilized nations in the South Pacific Ocean, in
+customs, language and particularly their complexion which is much
+darker and approaches very near to the Negroes. In stature they are
+larger than most Europeans and like other Indians are very straight and
+well built and it is not uncommon to see persons of elegant figure.[9]
+They are extremely fierce and savage, frequently at war[10] with each
+other and are addicted to the horrid practice of eating their enemies
+when killed in battle.[11]
+
+On the 10th of October, 1829, we arrived among the group and passed
+Turtle Island,[12] the southernmost of the cluster, steering to the
+northward intending to anchor in Miamboo Bay, which lay about 100
+miles distant, where we expected to commence trading for our cargo.
+We continued sailing through the passages between the islands (which
+by reason of the imperfection of our chart, and the islands being
+improperly surveyed, was rendered extremely dangerous and difficult),
+until the 18th of the month, when we started from an island (under the
+lee of which we had to lay by through the night, it being too difficult
+to proceed till daylight) and steered for the passage through a very
+large reef of coral.
+
+[Illustration: FIJIAN MEN
+
+From a photograph made in 1898.]
+
+At 11 A. M. we found our ship safe through the reef but in a very
+dangerous situation being surrounded by sunken rocks and shoals.
+We continued sailing for the Bay which was about 40 miles distant,
+avoiding the rocks as soon as they could be seen, until 1.30 P. M. when
+a rock was seen directly ahead of the ship. Every effort was made to
+avoid the danger but it proved of no avail and she immediately struck
+on her larboard bow about 12 miles from the Bay. We lay’d the sails
+aback and she went off when we sounded the pumps and found she leak’d
+1400 strokes per hour.
+
+After getting clear of the rocks we anchored with the stream and sent
+the boat well arm’d to examine the Bay. The boat returned in the
+evening and at daylight we proceeded to get the anchor up but found it
+impossible without great danger to the ship. Accordingly the cable was
+cut and at meridian we arrived in Miamboo Bay, Oct. 19th, 1829, Civil
+Account.[13]
+
+On examining the leak we found the keel split badly and the ship
+injured so much as it would become necessary to repair her before we
+could prosecute our voyage, but we found no place where we could heave
+her down or haul her on shore with safety. Having understood from the
+natives that there was another vessel at a place 90 miles distant,
+called Bow,[14] we dispatched a boat to procure assistance and also
+any information that would be of service to us in our unfortunate
+situation.
+
+Meanwhile we proceeded to stop the leak, as well as circumstances would
+permit, until the 20th, when to our great joy we discovered a sail
+standing for the Bay. At 5 P. M. she anchored and proved to be the brig
+_Quill_[15] of Salem, Capt. J. Kinsman, from the Island of Bow. They
+informed us of the danger of our boat from the natives when another
+boat was immediately dispatched in charge of the first officer[16] of
+the _Quill_, to find the other boat. Oct. 23rd, both boats arrived safe.
+
+Finding it impossible to repair the ship on the shore it was determined
+to construct a raft from the ship’s spars and the lumber in the ship
+and to heave the ship down in the Bay, to the raft, Capt. Kinsman
+kindly offering us his assistance and protection from the natives.
+
+Got underweigh on October 22nd and anchored near to the brig where we
+commenced transhipping our cargo, stores, provisions, etc., on board
+of the brig. After this was accomplish’d we proceeded to strip the
+ship and construct the raft with the spars, etc. We had an interview
+with the principal Chief of the Island, on Oct. 25th, and purchased
+some cocoanut trees of him for our raft by means of which, on the 1st
+of November, we completed it to our satisfaction. After securing and
+preparing the ship we attempted to heave her down but found no rope
+in either vessel of sufficient strength. The next day, however, we
+succeeded in making a rope and hove the ship keel out and found the
+stem started over to starboard, the wood-ends started considerably, the
+keel split, etc.
+
+As it was impossible to right the stem in our present circumstances, it
+was determined to secure it as it was by means of iron clamps, which
+the armourers of both vessels proceeded to make on board of the brig,
+and to stop the leak as much as possible with wedges, sheathing and tar.
+
+On Nov. 9th, 1829, we received a visit from Capt. Maurice of the brig
+_Morliana_ of Woaho,[17] lying about 60 miles distance.
+
+On the 19th of November, after much trouble and after surmounting many
+difficulties we succeeded in finishing the repairs and when we righted
+the ship, found we had stopped the leak. We also found that two of
+our New Zealanders had run away from us and gone to live with the
+Fegee natives. In the meantime the brig _Quill_ had commenced curing
+beche-le-mer.
+
+By the 24th we had succeeded in getting all our cargo, provisions,
+ballast, etc., on board and commenced rigging the ship. The Captain
+then contracted with one of the principal Chiefs to build three houses
+on shore for the purpose of curing beche-le-mer at a place called
+Sub-a-Sub, and on the 9th of December, the first and third officers,
+with 10 men, went on shore, the houses having been completed, and
+commenced purchasing beche-le-mer of the natives.
+
+The beche-le-mer[18] is a sort of animal found on the sandy reefs,
+which very much resembles a leech or blood-sucker in shape, but is
+much larger. They are supposed to get their sustenance from the slime,
+which collects on the reefs and shoals so numerous among these islands.
+The natives obtain them by going onto the reefs when the tide is low,
+collecting them in baskets made for the purpose from the leaves of the
+cocoanut tree. They brought them on to the beach near to our house
+where we purchased them. We then carried the fish into the pot-house
+and boiled them; then into the drying-house where they were dried by
+means of fire. When they are considered as cured they are much reduced
+in size and very hard, but when stowed in the ship they soon become
+more soft and very much resemble India rubber.
+
+We employed great numbers of the natives, frequently upwards of 80
+canoes averaging 10 men each, besides great numbers on shore procuring
+wood (of which we used great quantities) and assisting us in curing
+the cargo. The principal articles of trade were muskets, ammunition,
+whales’ teeth, iron tools, beads and ornaments. Tortoise shell and
+sandalwood we also purchased of the natives. The turtles they catch
+with large nets made of the fibres of the cocoanut husk in the making
+of which they are very expert.
+
+On the 10th of December we got underweigh and ran in towards the shore
+near to our fish houses and proceeded to finish rigging the ship and
+repairing damages. After three or four days, finding it difficult to
+proceed from our unacquaintance with their language, we shipped an
+interpreter[19] from the brig _Quill_, also a number of seamen who were
+acquainted with the method of curing the fish. We also purchased the
+kettle of Capt. Kinsman (ours being too small to make any progress) and
+proceeded to purchase the fish of the natives again.
+
+On the 21st the brig _Quill_ sailed for Manilla, having on board about
+800 piculs[20] of beche-le-mer, tortoise shell, etc. She returned on
+the 23rd, in consequence of a head-wind, but sailed again on the first
+of January.
+
+Jan. 11th, 1830, Seth Richardson died on board the ship. He belonged to
+Salem and had been complaining nearly all the voyage.
+
+We continued curing beche-le-mer on shore, while those on board were
+putting the ship in order and nothing particular occurred until the
+30th of January when the natives on shore maliciously set fire to our
+houses and destroyed 60 piculs of beche-le-mer, trade, clothes, etc.,
+and the men with difficulty got on board the ship, at midnight. The
+next morning we discovered they had broken our kettles for the purpose
+of getting the wrought iron. We found their principal object in setting
+fire to our houses was plunder and we immediately sent for the King[21]
+or principal Chief of the Bay. He came on board and informed us that
+our houses, being built by an inferior Chief, were more liable to be
+troubled by the natives. He advised us to use the houses that were
+employed by the brig _Quill_, as he built them himself, and he being
+the King of the Island and Bay, the natives would not dare to trouble
+them. On the 2nd of February we commenced curing fish in the houses of
+the King, the blacksmith having mended the kettles.
+
+On the 10th, as the beche-le-mer began to grow scarce on the reefs, it
+was determined on the advice of the King to go to another bay, about
+40 miles distant and build new houses and employ the natives in that
+place. On February 19th, the launch, in charge of the 1st officer, was
+sent round to the Bay with 10 men to prepare for curing the fish and
+two days later, having taken on board all the things from the shore, we
+got underweigh and stood out of the Bay of Miamboo.
+
+On the 23rd, we arrived safe in the bay called Aloa by the natives,
+and found the King with his men had completed the houses and were
+all prepared to prosecute the business of purchasing and curing the
+beche-le-mer. Here we continued to cure fish without any interruption
+till March 23rd, when the interpreter was dispatched about 90 miles to
+a place call’d Baratta to purchase hogs, with the Chief of that place.
+
+We found on April 9th that we had upwards of 1000 piculs beche-le-mer,
+350 pounds tortoise shell and some sandalwood, so we settled with the
+natives and burnt our houses[22] and put the ship in readiness to go
+to sea. Four days later the interpreter arrived, bringing 90 hogs, and
+informed us that the ship _Clay_,[23] Capt. Millet, of Salem, was at
+Bow and had brought letters from our friends which the interpreter
+delivered to us.
+
+On April 15th, 1830, we got underweigh and stood out of the bay of
+Aloa bound to Manilla. After passing through the inner reef and
+thinking ourselves safe at sea, we observed a very large coral reef
+with no passage through it and it being near night and the weather
+unfavourable, we immediately tacked and endeavoured to gain the harbour
+we had left; but finding it impossible, anchored outside, near a small
+island[24] with coral reefs and breakers all around us. The wind
+increased through the night to a violent gale obliging us to get our
+topmast down and pay out all on both cables. It continued to blow very
+hard for four days, the ship being in a very dangerous situation with
+a large coral reef only two cables length astern. Fortunately, on the
+20th, it moderated and we got our masts on end and got underweigh and
+on the 22nd arrived safe in Miamboo Bay where we lay till the 25th
+waiting for a favourable wind to go to sea.
+
+On the 25th of April, 1830, we again got underweigh and succeeded in
+passing out through the passages to sea and steered direct for Manilla.
+We had a tolerable passage and in fifty days saw the island of Samar at
+the entrance of the Strait of St. Bernadina and passing it proceeded
+through the Strait and on the 22nd June anchored in the Bay of Manilla,
+off Caviter, about nine miles from the city. We found here one American
+ship and a number of English[25] and Spanish vessels. Got underweigh
+on June 27th and ran up to the city with the ship for the purpose of
+discharging our cargo, which was sold to Chinese merchants as the
+beche-le-mer forms an article of food and is eaten by the principal
+Chinese.
+
+[Illustration: SHIP ANN ALEXANDER OF NEW BEDFORD
+
+From a water-color in the possession of the Old Dartmouth Historical
+Society, New Bedford.]
+
+After having discharged the cargo and taken in a sufficient quantity
+of ballast, we shipp’d 8 Manilla sailors and put the ship in order for
+another voyage to the Fegees, taking on board some stores, and on the
+17th of July we got underweigh and stood out of the Bay, intending
+to touch at the Sandwich Islands for the purpose of procuring water
+and fresh stock. On the 22nd, having passed through the Strait of St.
+Bernadino, we steered to the eastward and soon lost sight of the land.
+We had a tedious passage (though the weather was mild and pleasant)
+owing to the light winds which prevailed for most of the time. On
+the 16th of August we saw the Caroline Islands and on the 18th the
+Ladrone Isles. [On the 1st of Sept. spoke the ship “Zeneas Coffin,”[26]
+Capt. Joy of Nantucket on a cruise. On the 4th saw a number of whales
+and other smaller fish. On the 22nd was boarded by a boat from the
+whale-ship “Ann Alexander”[27] of New Bedford, Capt. Howland, on a
+cruise. On the 3rd of Oct. spoke ship “Hector,”[28] Capt. Morse, of
+New Bedford, cruising for whales.--_From Log Book._] After a passage
+of 84 days arrived at the Sandwich Islands, and on the 9th of Oct.
+anchored in Mowee Roads.[29] Found in this place one whale-ship[30] and
+a number of small schooners.
+
+We immediately commenced getting our water and purchasing goats and
+vegetables for the use of the ship’s company. Many of the natives came
+on board and appeared very civil. The American Mission appeared to be
+in a very flourishing condition. A new church[31] nearly finished we
+observed and the missionaries appeared to have succeeded very well in
+reforming and civilizing the natives. We found this a most excellent
+place for watering and for procuring vegetables and fresh stock, etc.,
+which we purchased very, very cheap for iron tools, etc.
+
+On the 15th of October after having taken a sufficient supply of water,
+stock, etc., we sailed, steering to the southward, bound to the Fegees.
+We experienced fine weather and a regular trade wind and on the 6th
+of Novr. saw an island supposed to be Penrhyn’s Island,[32] which the
+Captain intended to touch at for the purpose of procuring some grass
+for our live stock if possible. At 5 P. M. we were near to the shore
+when the natives came off in great numbers and appeared perfectly
+savage and fierce, hallowing and shaking their spears.
+
+The Captain had given orders for every man on board to arm himself and
+prepare to resist them should they attempt to attack us. We endeavoured
+to trade with them and had succeeded in purchasing some cocoanuts when
+the Captain, in endeavouring to persuade one of the natives to come
+on board, another native fired his spear at the Captain and slightly
+wounded him in the neck. He immediately gave orders to fire at them
+which was accordingly done and 7 or 8 of the natives were killed.
+We immediately fill’d our sails and stood on our course leaving the
+natives to bewail the visit of civilized people to their uncivilized
+shores.
+
+Passed the Tonga Islands on Novr. 16th and on the 18th saw Turtle
+Island, the southernmost of the Fegee Group. We passed through the
+passages between the island and on the 24th of Nov. anchored off
+Ovalou,[33] an island about 25 miles from Bow, the principal town of
+the Fegee Islands, where the King of the whole group resides. Here the
+1st Officer and interpreter left the ship for Bow to have an interview
+with the King [Tanoa] and on the 26th he came on board in a very large
+double canoe with some of his principal warriors and two of his wives.
+The Captain purchased some tortoise shell of him and contracted with
+him for 2 large houses on an island a short distance from Bow where,
+on the 1st Dec., we commenced curing beche-le-mer. The interpreter and
+the Manilla men were employed on shore with a number of English sailors
+which we hired for the purpose, but finding the beche-le-mer very
+scarce and the natives not well disposed towards us it was determined
+to remove from this place and endeavour to find some better place for
+procuring a second cargo.
+
+Before we could get away a violent gale came on from the northward,
+on the 16th of Dec. and as our ship lay in an open roadstead, her
+situation became dangerous and beginning to drift and the reefs but
+a short distance astern, we let go both of our lower anchors and got
+our top-gall-masts down. The gale increased to such violence that our
+chain cable soon parted and the stream,[34] being the only anchor we
+had left on board, was immediately let go. That in a short time parted
+also and the ship drifted within a cable length of the breakers,
+the sea running very high at the time. Our sheet cable still held on
+and the gale moderating considerable we rode out the gale until the
+next morning when the cable parted and we drove on to the reef before
+sail could be made on the ship. Fortunately for us the wind shifting
+suddenly and blowing off shore we were able to clear the rocks without
+doing the ship any injury.
+
+We made all sail and after passing out to sea through the reefs we
+steered over towards the island of Somer-Some,[35] intending to
+purchase of the natives the cables and anchors of the brig _Fawn_[36]
+lately shipwrecked there, as we were wholly destitute of cables or
+anchors and it would be impossible to prosecute the voyage without a
+new supply.
+
+Arriving at Somer-Some, on the 19th Dec. we succeeded in procuring 3
+anchors and 2 chain cables which formerly belonged to the brig _Fawn_
+and also some rigging, and proceeded towards the island of Ovalou again
+to procure our anchors if possible and get our things from the shore.
+
+On the 25th we anchored in the same place where we lost the anchors,
+but found it impossible to regain them so the boat was sent on shore to
+procure stocks for the anchors we had on board. The next day, while
+the carpenter was employed in cutting the anchor stocks and the men
+were guarding him from the natives, whom we were suspicious of from
+their appearance, they rushed down from the mountains and attacked our
+men who immediately fled to the boat and succeeded in reaching it,
+excepting two men belonging to Salem, Edmund Knight[37] and Joshua B.
+Derby, whom the natives killed with their clubs, the latter having
+previously shot the Chief of the tribe. They took the muskets and
+stripped the dead bodies of our unfortunate men, those in the boat not
+being able to prevent them. Hearing the tumult in the ship, another
+boat was dispatched, armed completely, and succeeded in getting the
+bodies which we buried on shore. We soon learned the natives intended
+to attack the ship and immediately got our things on board and prepared
+the ship for sea. We got underweigh on the 29th Dec. and stood out
+through the reefs to sea and steered towards Miamboo Bay, where we
+anchored on the 31st and the 1st and 3rd officers landed for the
+purpose of passing over the mountains to Aloa Bay, to contract with the
+King (our friend of the former voyage) while the ship proceeded round
+to the Bay.
+
+[Illustration: FIJIAN WAR CLUBS
+
+  1. Collected by Capt. Benjamin Vanderford in 1823
+
+  2, 3, 4. Collected by Capt. Charles Millett in 1832
+
+  5. Collected by Capt. William H. Brown in 1834
+
+Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem]
+
+On the 1st Jan., 1831, the ship arrived in Aloa Bay and anchored near
+the place where our houses were building, the officers having
+contracted with the Chief. On the 13th, the house being completed,
+we commenced curing beche-le-mer. The 1st officer, interpreter and
+ten men stayed on shore and the rest of the ship’s company commenced
+repairing the rigging which was found to be in a very bad condition.
+The head of our main-mast was rotted nearly off and after much trouble
+and delay a tree was found of sufficient size for a fish,[38] which was
+purchased of the natives. On the 27th we completed our mast and having
+refitted the rigging as well as circumstances would permit we prepared
+to receive our cargo, hoping to be able to prosecute our voyage without
+more delay which from a succession of misfortunes and accidents had
+been long protracted and was rendered extremely tedious and thus far
+unprofitable.
+
+But we found our troubles were far from being at an end for on the 29th
+we found our principal house on fire which was burnt together with 100
+piculs of beche-le-mer, some trade, etc. Another delay was unavoidable,
+but with the assistance of the King and other Chiefs, another house was
+soon completed and on the 4th of February we commenced fishing again.
+
+We continued to cure beche-le-mer until the 13th with but little
+success, when the natives attempted to burn our houses again and
+appeared disposed to attack the men on shore if an opportunity offered.
+The Chiefs also seemed disposed to countenance their tribes in their
+designs. We immediately manned and armed the boats and sent them on
+shore for the protection of our property and the men. In the morning,
+a slight attack was made by the natives on our people, but they were
+defeated without any loss on our side. As we killed a number of them
+and they perceived the superiority of our muskets over their weapons,
+they retreated into the woods. We got our things on board without any
+molestation from the natives and immediately put the ship in readiness
+for sea.
+
+Finding it impossible to procure a cargo in this place we burnt the
+houses and got underweigh and stood out of the bay intending to proceed
+to Mutt-Water,[39] a town and bay on the north end of the island, where
+we arrived on the 17th and anchored near the shore about a musket-shot
+distance from the principal chief’s town. We immediately had an
+interview with the Chief and agreed with him to furnish houses for the
+purpose of curing beche-le-mer, the Chiefs agreeing to furnish canoes
+and men to man them, the 2nd Chief of the place, who was much loved
+and respected by the natives, agreeing to stay on board the ship, as a
+hostage for our men and property on shore. By the 21st of February the
+house was completed and we commenced purchasing and curing beche-le-mer.
+
+We continued curing the fish and nothing particular occurred until
+the 22nd March, 1831, by which time we had procured about 500 piculs
+of beche-le-mer and 300 pounds of tortoise shell. An accident then
+befell us which not only ruined our voyage but by which we lost all our
+property and were cast on the mercy of savages whose fierceness and
+ferocity are not equalled on the South Seas.
+
+Our ship lay in a channel between a small island and the north end of
+the island of Tackanova[40] on which was the town and our beche-le-mer
+establishment at a short distance from the ship. The 1st officer, three
+of the crew, the Manilla men and several English sailors, whom we
+employed, were on shore curing beche-le-mer, when an _excessive hard
+gale_ came on from E. S. E. about 8 P. M. on the 21st. At ten, all
+hands were call’d and the sheet anchor let go, but as the other cable
+was payed all out it could bring no strain until the ship began to
+drift. It continuing to blow very hard and every appearance of a hard
+gale coming, we proceeded to get our yards and masts down and at 3 P.
+M. having got the top-gall-masts and main-top-masts down we found the
+ship drifting and immediately let go the small chain-anchors, one of
+which was back’d with the ship’s kedge, and payed out a long scope on
+all the cables. We also got down the fore-top-masts and lower yards. At
+9.30, the wind increasing and the ship having drifted so far as to be
+exposed to the sea, which had now become very high and confused, we
+payed out the bitter end[41] of all the cables.
+
+At 10 A. M. we perceived by the land, which could only be seen at
+intervals, that the ship had drifted 7 or 8 miles along the coast and
+was in a most dangerous situation, the current setting against us and
+the wind having increased to a hurricane, the sea running very high.
+Breakers were all round us and there seemed but little chance to save
+the ship, so we cut away the lower masts and with them went almost
+every moveable thing from the deck. The breakers were soon seen astern
+and at about 11 A. M. the ship struck on the shore reef, having drifted
+10 miles from her anchorage. The sea soon drove her upon the reef where
+she bilged and fell over on her side, heeling in towards the land and
+protecting us from the sea which beat against her with great violence.
+
+We were fortunate in having a chief[42] on board of considerable
+influence with the natives, who advised us to land if possible and
+proceed to the town, as the mountaineers would come on board for
+plunder and would not scruple to take our lives which he could not
+possibly prevent. Accordingly the ship was delivered to the chief and
+we proceeded to clear away the boats. Our launch went adrift and was
+lost in the beginning of the gale and when we lowered a quarter boat it
+immediately went to pieces. In the two left, we, after much difficulty
+and danger, succeeded in reaching the shore in safety with no property
+but our clothes.
+
+We soon met with a party of mountaineers, exceedingly fierce, who
+robbed us of our clothes, hardly leaving each one with a single
+garment, it not being in our power to prevent them, and leaving us
+exposed naked to the storm, without any shelter and perfectly ignorant
+of the road to the King’s town,[43] nor would any one of them be
+prevailed upon to show us the way. The savages soon left us and we
+proceeded on our way towards the town but from our ignorance of the
+right paths and the fury of the storm, our travelling was rendered
+exceedingly difficult and tiresome. The next morning, however, we
+found ourselves all safe in the King’s town. The King[44] and all
+the principal inhabitants had gone aboard the ship and the five that
+remained gave us the largest house where, without provisions of any
+kind and knowing our fate would not be determined until the arrival of
+the King and his men, we were forced to wait in a painful suspense two
+days.
+
+After the gale had abated, the King came up from the ship, having
+plundered her of everything except the salt provisions and bread, and
+after a consultation with his priests and warriors, he proclaimed that
+our lives should be spared, that houses should be prepared for us and
+that we might be permitted to secure what provisions from the ship we
+could. After hearing this law passed by the King and feeling confident
+it would be violated on no account, without his orders, our minds were
+greatly relieved and our spirits, which had been greatly depressed with
+our misfortunes, rose high with the hope of once more seeing our native
+country and leaving these savage shores where we had experienced, from
+the time we first arrived among them, so much trouble and so many
+misfortunes.
+
+The King having lent us one of his large canoes, with which and our
+small boat (the only one sav’d from the wreck) we proceeded down to the
+ship for provisions. We found the natives greatly excited with their
+prize. The chief, however (who was on board when we struck), received
+us very well and gave us permission to take anything we pleased; but
+the natives had destroyed almost everything they had not carried off.
+Every part of her was ransacked and torn to pieces; the hull cut and
+hacked for the purpose of getting the iron work, and with pain we saw
+our unfortunate ship in a most wretched and miserable condition and
+with no hope of leaving the country till some vessel arrived.
+
+[Illustration: FIJIAN HOUSE
+
+From a photograph made in 1898.]
+
+We succeeded in getting 14 pounds of salt meat, a few casks of bread
+and some other little articles and returned to the town. The King
+prepared his largest church[45] for us to live in and a small house
+for our provisions; gave us some cooking utensils and we made
+arrangements for our comfort and prepared to wait patiently until some
+relief came to us.
+
+Having understood that there was another vessel among the group
+previous to our misfortune, it was determined by the captain, with the
+consent of the King, to proceed in the boat, with a crew, up to the
+Island of Bow, about 90 miles distant, to learn the fate of the vessel
+and if he found her safe to request the captain to come to our relief.
+Accordingly, on the 28th March, having fitted sails for the boat, layed
+in stores and ammunition, the captain, left us and proceeded on his
+voyage.
+
+The King supplied us with yams and gave us a number of presents of
+clothes, and we continued to live on the most friendly terms with the
+natives. We were tolerably acquainted with their language and from a
+long acquaintance with them we were soon able to conform in some degree
+to the customs and manners. We found our King was the sovereign over a
+large part of the island of Tackanova (the second largest of the Group)
+and a number of smaller islands over which he reigned with an absolute
+sway. But he was subject to the King of Bow who was the great sovereign
+of the whole group.
+
+The natives of these islands are remarkable from the other natives
+in these seas, not only from their extreme savage dispositions and
+eagerness to kill and eat their enemies, but from the dark colour of
+their skins and the manner in which they dress their hair. They allow
+it to grow at full length, when it is made very stiff by applying a
+mixture made of the ashes of burnt coral and then dyed in various
+colours; the grown people having it always black, when they pick it up
+into many curious shapes and being very thick and bushy their heads
+present a very singular and frightful appearance. Their bodies are
+nearly naked, with no covering except a piece of cloth made from the
+bark of a tree, wrapped around the waist; though they oil themselves
+with cocoanut oil which serves to protect their bodies from the rays of
+the sun and renders the skin soft and pliable.
+
+The females wear a covering made of a sort of grass which is curiously
+interwoven and being of different colours presents a handsome
+appearance. Their bodies are oiled and their hair dressed the same as
+the men. Both sexes always lie with their necks resting on a stick so
+as not to injure the shape of their hair. The females, although at the
+complete disposal of the men, are not treated with great severity. They
+assist in tilling the ground, fishing and cooking; though a great part
+of their time is spent in fixing their hair. They display considerable
+ingenuity in making earthen-pots (which much resemble ours) and in
+making cloth nets.
+
+The men of whatever rank are learnt the art of war and always carry
+their arms with them wherever they go. They are very ingenious in the
+construction of their houses and their war-weapons, but in particular
+in their canoes. Their houses are much like a one-story house in our
+country (but without windows) in their shape. They are framed of the
+limbs of trees seized together with a kind of sennet[46] made of the
+fibres of the cocoanut husk plaited together. On these are fastened
+small reeds and on them are secured the thatch with which the house is
+covered.
+
+Their double canoes are formed of two single ones secured together by
+large timbers on which a platform is built and on which the sail is set
+and the natives stand. Single canoes have an outrigger and a platform
+built on the single canoe on which the sail is set. They commence
+building first by hollowing out the trunk of a tree, when planks are
+hew’d and seized on until it is of sufficient size, secured by timbers
+very much resembling those in a ship. The sail is made of mats, the
+rope of a kind of bark, and is so constructed as to be turned either
+way without the necessity of turning the canoe round when tacking at
+sea. The canoes are all fitted to sail either end first. They are
+sometimes very large containing room for 4 or 5 hundred persons[47]
+and nearly as long as a ship. They sail remarkably fast and the
+natives are very expert in the management of them and as the natives
+all go arm’d, from their savage dress they present a very formidable
+appearance.
+
+The natives of these islands believe in a Great Spirit whom they think
+lives in the sky and who made all things. In every town there are a
+number of priests whom the natives think are endowed with divine powers
+by the Great Spirit with whom he sometimes converses and informs them
+how to direct the people. These priests have great influence with the
+chiefs in declaring war and managing the affairs of the nation.
+
+The principal amusements consisted in a kind of dance, singing songs
+relating to the war exploits and fishing expeditions, performing
+warlike manœuvres, and in drinking the ava[48] extracted from the
+ava-root, of which they are immoderately fond.
+
+[Illustration: MODEL OF A FIJIAN DOUBLE CANOE
+
+Brought to the United States in 1856 by Capt. Thomas C. Dunn, while on
+the bark _Dragon_ of Salem. Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.]
+
+A ceremony of this kind was performed almost every morning at the
+King’s or one of the principal chief’s house and we always had an
+invitation to attend. A large bowl was prepared in which the cava or
+ava was put and mixed with water, when it forms a liquor which has
+much the same effect on a person as opium. The company sit round in a
+circle, the bowl in the centre, and while it is preparing, they all
+sing songs relating to some enterprise that is intended or perhaps
+past, the King having first invoked the Great Spirit to bless the
+liquor, the people all answering with a word which is equivalent to our
+amen. It was then carried round in cocoanut shells, the King drinking
+first, and so on according to the rank, though we always had the honour
+to drink next to the King. They always give a toast before drinking,
+frequently wishing the Great Spirit to bless us with a safe arrival to
+our country; sometimes that he might bless them with a great plenty of
+yams or fish.
+
+We continued to live on good terms of friendship with the natives,
+which was much increased by our assisting them in repairing and
+learning them the use of the muskets and other weapons of which a great
+many fell into their hands. We always met with a welcome reception
+when we visited their houses and frequently received small presents of
+clothes, etc., for the work we did for them, so our situation became
+quite comfortable, although we could hardly suppress our feelings,
+to see our property and clothes destroyed, nor reflect on the great
+distance we were from our homes and friends and the future prospects,
+without pain and anxiety.
+
+About the last of April, 1831, the king fitted out an expedition of
+thirty large canoes to go to a place about 50 miles distant to procure
+certain tribute of the mountaineers which he obliged them to pay him.
+The King and all the principal warriors, with the women and ourselves,
+started in the canoes and in two days arrived at the place where we
+were to meet the mountaineers with the tribute. It was on a beautiful
+plain where houses were built for the King and the chiefs with their
+families.
+
+After the King and chiefs were seated in the houses, a party of the
+women of the mountains marched out in front of our King, fancifully
+dress’d with flowers and strips of bark of various colours, each
+having a fish-net of superior workmanship and each bearing in her hand
+a sort of fan, with which they beat time to a sort of solemn tune
+which they sung. After performing a number of dances before the King,
+they divested themselves of their ornaments and nets which became the
+property of our women, and marched off followed by the shouts and
+praises of all our party.
+
+A party of the men then presented themselves dressed with a large
+quantity of curiously-coloured cloth[49] and after performing various
+dances and manœuvres and leaving their dresses for the men of our
+party, they marched for the mountains having likewise received the
+King’s approbation and our shouts and expressions of admiration.
+
+The tribute was now examined by the King’s command. It consisted of
+280 hogs, vast quantities of yams, cava-root, etc., on which the
+High-Priest of our nation envoked the Great Spirit for his approbation
+of the tribute. The priest, after a ceremony of twirling a cocoanut
+round two or three times, pronounced that it was very Good, and that it
+would be proper to have a feast of pork and yams, drink cava, etc. The
+King then gave orders for a certain number of hogs to be killed, the
+rest to be divided, and the cava got ready and as we had had nothing
+to eat for some days we all joined in obeying orders. Each one of the
+party, ourselves not excepted, received a portion of the provisions and
+while the King drank his cava, the people prepared the feast.
+
+The King gave the mountaineers a few presents and a specimen of his
+eloquence in which he informed them that as the ship cast away on
+his shores had rendered him very powerful, he should expect a larger
+tribute the next year, giving them to understand he should be ready
+to use forcible means if it became necessary. With this, the chief
+took his leave of us and we commenced, according to the advice of the
+priest, to eat. At night we repaired to the canoes with the tribute and
+on the next morning started for the town where on the 20th of April we
+arrived.
+
+On our return, the 2nd officer of the ship, with the carpenter and a
+number of the crew, left in a canoe to go to Bow, having understood by
+the natives that a vessel was lost in the same gale that had wrecked
+our ship and that the Captain and crew resided there. We found the
+natives of another town, enemies to the King, had set fire to the
+_Glide_ and she had burnt nearly up.
+
+The 2nd chief, to whom the ship had been delivered, when we abandon’d
+her, was now taken sick and the priest continued to howl through the
+night for his recovery. On our asking the reason of such proceedings
+they told us that the priest was angry because a sufficient sacrifice
+of pigs had not been made and that the Great Spirit had caused a
+sickness to afflict the greatest warrior. A number of hogs were
+immediately killed and buried and numbers of the friends of the chief’s
+cut off a finger or toe[50] to satisfy the Great Spirit.
+
+We learn’d that it was the custom to cut off their fingers or toes on
+the death of their friends or on the sickness of their chiefs. We saw a
+number of very aged people who had become feeble and infirm, call round
+their friends and bid them farewell and then allow themselves to be
+strangled and buried without showing any signs of fear for the future
+or regret for leaving the past.
+
+On the 6th of May we received a letter which was written previous to
+the gale, from which we learned that the vessel lost at Bow was the
+brig _Niagara_,[51] Capt. Nathaniel Brown, and that she was from Salem.
+
+Nothing particular occurred until the 22nd of May, 1831, when a sail
+was seen standing for the anchorage at 5 P. M. At sundown we were on
+board and she proved to be the schooner _Harriet_, Capt. Young, from
+the Sandwich Islands and last from Wallis Island. They took us all on
+board the schooner and after procuring the cables, anchors, etc., of
+our ship we proceeded for Bow.
+
+On the 9th of June, we arriv’d off Averlon and found there the bark
+_Peru_,[52] Capt. Egleston, of and from Salem. Captain Egleston took
+Capt. Archer, Mr. Burnham and the remainder of our crew on board;
+likewise the Captains Brown and Vanderford[53] of the _Niagara_ with
+the officers and crew and we proceeded on our course to Bow, where we
+arrived on June 10th, and anchored off the island where Mr. Manini,
+supercargo of the schooner, purchased the cables and anchors of the
+brig _Niagara_, from the King of Bow. Having succeeded in getting them
+on board we got underweigh and ran down to Avalon and anchored near the
+bark _Peru_. Capt. Brown came on board the schooner and Capt. Young
+agreed to forward us to the Sandwich Islands.
+
+On the 26th of June, we lost sight of the Fegee Islands, steering to
+the N. E. for Wallis Island[54] and arriving there three days later, we
+found the brig _Chinchilla_,[55] Capt. Meek. Capt. Young not finding
+it for his interest to return to the Sandwich Islands at present, on
+the 12th July sailed, intending to return in the space of 6 or 8 weeks,
+leaving us to reside in their houses and wait for his return.
+
+[Illustration: SHIP CHINCHILLA OF NEW YORK
+
+“Scrimshawed” on a whale’s tooth. Presented to the East India Marine
+Society of Salem in 1825 by Capt. William Osgood. Now in the Peabody
+Museum of Salem.]
+
+After a long and most tedious stay on this island, on the 8th of
+November, the American whale-ship _Braganza_[56] arrived from a cruise
+off Japan for the purpose of procuring vegetables, water, etc. On the
+26th, the brig _Chinchilla_ arrived from Port Jackson, having been
+obliged to put into that port for provisions. Finding that Capt. Meek
+was not to return to the Sandwich Islands at present and no chance
+offering for a passage to a civilized port, I went on board of the
+_Braganza_, it being the intention of Capt. Wood to cruise for whales
+about the Equator for the space of 4 or 5 months and then to proceed to
+some port for supplies, where I should probably find an opportunity to
+return to the United States.
+
+On Nov. 29th, we left Wallis Island and proceeded towards the Equator
+where we cruised until the 1st of February, 1832, and succeeded in
+taking 25 c. of Sperm Oil. Then finding the head of the main-mast
+rotted badly and the weather rather unfavourable for prosecuting the
+whaling business we bore away and steered for Otaheite and on the 23rd
+February we arrived at _Eamco_,[57] an island a short distance from
+Otaheite where the Captain intended to repair his main-mast. We found
+at Otaheite, the ship _Atlantic_, Capt. Fisher, who intended to cruise
+for a short time for whales and then proceed for the United States.
+I immediately shipped on board and on the 28th February, signed his
+articles intending to sail the next day. Early the next morning we got
+underweigh and stood out to sea steering to the south east under short
+sail with the man at the mast-head looking for whales.
+
+It was on the morning of 20th of April, just as the sun was rising,
+that the man at the mast-head cried out “There she blows!”[58]
+
+It was very still on board; the ship steered close to the wind, a light
+breeze from east and not a sound heard except the slight ruffling the
+ship made as she forced her way through the water. But nothing could
+have acted so forcibly on our feelings as the cry that whales were in
+sight. In a moment the ship was in confusion, the sailors came up from
+below and ran to clear their boats and see all in readiness for the
+pursuit.
+
+“Where away?” enquired the Captain, as he was coming up the
+companion-steps and without waiting for an answer ordered the ship to
+be hove to and the boats manned.
+
+The order was promptly executed by the respective officers and on
+ascertaining they were sperm whales, he ordered the officers to lower
+the boats and pursue them. The whales were but a short distance from
+the ship and we had a good opportunity to observe their movements. The
+boats, sufficiently armed and manned, soon got amongst the whales, when
+the man at the mast-head had orders to inform those on deck of the
+movements in the boats and to inform those in the boats by signals of
+the situation of the whales.
+
+[Illustration: A SHOAL OF SPERM WHALE OFF THE ISLAND OF HAWAII IN 1833
+
+From an engraving by J. Hill after a painting by T. Birch. The picture
+shows the famous Roach (Rotch) whaling fleet,--the _Enterprise_, _Wm.
+Roach_, _Pocahontas_ and _Houqua_, all from Nantucket.]
+
+In a few moments we perceived by a great splashing, which one of them
+made, that the 1st officer had hove his harpoon into one of them. After
+running under water some time and taking the line out of the boat to a
+considerable distance, the whale came up on top of the water. The other
+whales immediately joining the wounded one and gave the other boats
+an opportunity of striking also, which they immediately improved and
+all three of the boats were each fastened to a whale at the same time.
+After the whales became exhausted they hauled up to them and lanced
+until they were dead.
+
+In this manner the boats continued to improve their time and weapons
+until 6 of these huge animals were forced to yield their valuable
+bodies to the superior skill of Nantucket whalemen. They were soon
+towed alongside the ship and secured by their tails being fastened to
+the bows. The crew then proceeded to take the blubber on board. Large
+tackles were secured on the main-mast, the falls taken to the windlass,
+and every person stationed in his particular place. The officers at
+the ship’s side, on stages, to cut the blubber as it is hove on board
+with the tackles. The harpooners on deck to receive the blubber and
+overhaul the tackles. The carpenter sharpening the spades, the cooperer
+preparing the casks, the seamen heaving at the windlass, and the
+Captain superintending the whole.
+
+They commenced by cutting a hole in the blubber near to the head of the
+whale, into which a tackle was hooked which served to steady the whale
+while the officers cut off the head which was hoisted on board. They
+then proceeded to peel the blubber off the whale, the officers cutting
+it with their spades into strips about 6 or 8 feet in width and from 12
+to 18 feet in length, while it is hove in with the tackles. This causes
+the whale to turn over and over until the blubber is all off, when they
+cut the carcass adrift and left it a banquet for the sharks and birds
+of which there were great numbers around the ship.
+
+After having secured the blubber of all the whales sail was again made
+on the ship and we proceeded on our way around Cape Horn. In a few days
+the blubber was tried out and stow’d in the ship’s hold and thus ended
+what the whalers term’d a fare of sperm oil.
+
+We had a tolerable passage to the United States and on the 25th June,
+arrived at Nantucket, 119 days from Otaheite, and on the 29th June,
+1832, I reached my home in Danvers after having been absent 37 months
+and 8 days.
+
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[2] Tasmania. William Endicott says in his Log of this voyage: “Van
+Diemen’s Island appears from the sea to be high and irregular barren
+land covered with snow to the summits. The shore is bound with craggy
+rocks.”
+
+[3] Situated at the northerly end of North Island, this was the
+principal rendezvous of European and American vessels during the early
+intercourse with the Pacific. Endicott says in his Log: “The Bay of
+Islands is a fine place for procuring wood, water, potatoes, pigs and
+vegetables.”
+
+[4] “Indiaman,” “Diana” and “Tower Castle.”
+
+[5] “New Zealander” of New Zealand.
+
+[6] The primitive Maori method of cooking bodies was to dig a hole
+in the ground about two feet deep in which was placed a quantity of
+stones. A fire was built over these and when they were red hot most of
+them were removed. Those remaining were covered with alternate layers
+of leaves and flesh until there was as much above as below ground. Two
+or three quarts of water was then thrown over the pile, old mats spread
+over it and the whole covered with earth to confine the steam. In
+twenty minutes the flesh was cooked. Cannibalism was entirely abandoned
+by 1840 owing to the influence of the missionaries.
+
+[7] The Friendly or Tonga Islands are a group lying south-east of Fiji
+between 18° and 20° south latitude and 174° and 176° west longitude.
+They comprise some 150 islands, mostly very small, of which only a
+few are inhabited. They were discovered by Tasman in 1643 and became
+a British protectorate in 1900. The natives are of Polynesian stock
+and have become Christians through the efforts of the Wesleyan Mission
+established here in 1822. Probably the best early account of the
+natives of any Pacific islands is William Mariner’s “An Account of the
+Natives of the Tonga Islands.”
+
+[8] The Fiji islands are an important group of the Central Pacific
+lying largely between latitude 15°30′ and 19°30′ South and longitude
+177° East and 178° West. They comprise some 155 islands, of which 100
+are inhabited, and numerous islets and reefs. The group was discovered
+by Tasman in 1643 and was ceded to Great Britain by Thakombau on Oct.
+10, 1874. The natives are of Melanesian stock with an admixture of
+Polynesian. The mountaineers of Vanua Levu show the purest strain while
+the costal tribes of that and the surrounding islands show a very
+pronounced strain of Tongan blood. All are now Christian through the
+efforts of the Wesleyan missionaries who went there in 1835 and a white
+man or woman is safer with these natives than on the streets of New
+York or Chicago.
+
+[9] The result of the infusion of Tongan blood.
+
+[10] War was the chief object in life for the Fijian man and so great
+was the desire for killing that two men always walked abreast for fear
+that if one were behind he would be overcome by the temptation to club
+his companion.
+
+[11] Cannibalism was not practised exclusively on those killed in
+war. It was tabu or forbidden to the lower classes and they were most
+frequently the victims. Sometimes if a chief wanted a body for a feast
+he would send one of his dependents out to waylay a man of the lower
+classes. He would approach his unsuspecting victim from behind and
+strike him on the head with a club before he was aware that anything
+was to happen. Persons dying a natural death were never eaten but those
+shipwrecked were rescued only that they might be eaten. Neither sex
+nor age was a deterrent. One chief was so fond of human flesh that he
+boasted that he never passed a person that he did not wonder how they
+would taste. The method of cooking bodies was either by baking, in a
+manner similar to that practised in New Zealand (see note, page 16), or
+by boiling. The body was rarely baked whole but was dismembered and the
+trunk cast aside unless the supply was very short.
+
+[12] Turtle Island--Vatoa.
+
+[13] Civil account--civil day. When at sea the log-book day
+corresponded with the astronomical day and extended from noon to noon;
+but when anchored for any extended period of time the log-book record
+was kept in civil time, that is from midnight to midnight.
+
+[14] Mbau or Ambau, a native town on a small island at the southerly
+end of Ambau Bay on the easterly side of Viti Levu, the largest island
+of the Fiji group. This town was the residence of Tanoa, the most
+influential chief in the Islands. It was off this town that the French
+brig “l’Amiable Josephine” was cut off by the chiefs of Rewa (or Viwa,
+a town on Viti Levu, the second most influential town in Fiji) in
+July, 1834, and the captain and all the crew but three were killed. In
+retaliation for this Dumont D’Urville destroyed the town of Viwa in
+1839. In August, 1834, the chief Vendovi of Rewa massacred the mate and
+five men of the crew of the brig “Charles Doggett” of Salem. One of the
+crew was eaten.
+
+[15] Brig “Quill,” of Salem, 189 tons, built at Hingham in 1818. Owned
+by John W., Nathaniel L. and Richard S. Rogers; commanded by Joshua
+Kinsman.
+
+[16] Mr. Driver.
+
+[17] Oahu, Hawaiian Islands.
+
+[18] An edible holothurian familiar throughout the East under the Malay
+name of _trepang_.
+
+[19] William S. Carey.
+
+[20] From the Malay “to carry on the back”,--a man’s burden. A
+commercial weight varying in different countries. In the Philippines,
+where the beche-de-mer was sold, it was 140 lbs.
+
+[21] Tanoa, the most powerful chief in the Islands. He was the father
+of Thakombau, the most celebrated of the Fijian chiefs and the greatest
+stumbling block to the missionaries until he was forced as a matter of
+expediency to adopt the Christian religion in 1854.
+
+[22] The houses were burned so that they might not be used by other
+traders.
+
+[23] Ship “Clay” of Salem, 299 tons, built at Hanover, Mass., in 1818.
+Owned by John W., Nathaniel L. and Richard S. Rogers; commanded by
+Charles Millett.
+
+[24] Anganga Island.
+
+[25] Including the ship “Sophia” of London.
+
+[26] Ship “Zeneas Coffin” of Nantucket, 338 tons, owned by C. G. and H.
+Coffin; commanded by George Joy.
+
+[27] Ship “Ann Alexander” of New Bedford, 211 tons, owned by George
+Howland; commanded by Josiah Howland.
+
+[28] Ship “Hector” of New Bedford, 380 tons, owned by Charles W.
+Morgan; commanded by John G. Morse.
+
+[29] Maui, the second largest island of the Hawaiian group.
+
+[30] Ship “Atlantic” of Nantucket, 321 tons. Commanded by Elihu Fisher.
+
+[31] This church at Lahaina, Maui, was said at the time to be “the most
+noble structure in all Polynesia.”
+
+[32] Penrhyn or Tongareva was discovered by Seaver in the ship “Lady
+Penrhyn” in 1788. When visited by the “Popoise” of the Wilkes’
+Expedition in 1841 the natives were described as the wildest and most
+savage-looking beings that had been met with.
+
+[33] Ovalau, a small island about 10 miles east of Viti Levu. On this
+island is situated the town of Levuka whose harbor is one of the best
+in the islands. It was the principal residence of white men in the
+group and was the seat of the British colonial government until 1882,
+when it was removed to Suva on Viti Levu.
+
+[34] The anchors usually carried were: sheet anchor, the largest and
+strongest which is only used in time of direst necessity; the best
+bower anchor and the small bower anchor, about the same size and take
+their name from their position at the bow of the ship; the stream
+anchor, smaller than the bowers; and the kedge anchor, smallest of all.
+
+[35] Somosomo, a town of considerable importance, situated on the
+island of Taviuni or Vuna off the south-eastern point of Vanua Levu the
+second largest island in the Fiji group.
+
+[36] Brig “Faun” of Salem, 168 tons, built at Quincy in 1816. Owned by
+Robert Brookhouse of Salem, George Abbot of Beverly and Hall & Williams
+of Boston; commanded by James Briant. Wrecked in August 1830 on the
+Cakaudrove coast of Vanua Levu in the bay now called Faun Harbor.
+
+[37] Charles Ambrose Knight, 1st mate of the ship “Friendship” of
+Salem, a brother of Edmund, was massacred in February 1831, by the
+natives at Quallah Battoo, Sumatra.
+
+[38] Fish--a piece of timber, somewhat in the form of a fish, used to
+strengthen a mast or yard.
+
+[39] Mutt-Water or Mudwater, a town on the north side of Vanua Levu.
+The native name was Bonne Rarah.
+
+[40] Tackanova--Vanua Levu.
+
+[41] The “bitter-end” is that part of the cable which is abaft the
+bitts when the ship rides at anchor.
+
+[42] Chief Santa Beeta of Bonne Rarah.
+
+[43] Bonne Rarah.
+
+[44] Mah--Mathee.
+
+[45] The _bure_ or temple was the council chamber and town hall of
+the village. Strangers were entertained there and the head persons
+of the village often slept in it. As the best constructed building
+in the village it was elaborately decorated, the timbers and rafters
+being wrapped with sennit in various designs of red and black. Votive
+offerings such as clubs, huge rolls of sennit, whale’s teeth, strips of
+masi, a model of a temple made of sennit or parts of a victim slain in
+war, decorated the interior.
+
+[46] Sennit--a cord made of the fibre of the cocoanut husk, dried,
+combed and braided. The Fijians having no nails use this for all sorts
+of fastenings, lashings and wrappings in varied design. It is made in
+all sizes from a single strand to a cable and is of very considerable
+strength.
+
+[47] This statement seems to be somewhat exaggerated. One canoe has
+been recorded as one hundred feet in length. Wilkes says that the
+average large canoe was seventy feet in length and would conveniently
+carry fifty men.
+
+[48] _Yaquona_ of the Fijians, _kava_ of the Tongans and _awa_ of the
+Hawaiians, is an infusion of the root of the pepper plant (_Piper
+methysticum_). The root is first chewed or grated, after which the
+macerated mass is placed in a bowl and covered with water. The infusion
+is then strained through a fibre mesh and is ready to drink. It was
+used on occasions of ceremony or entertainment and its preparation
+was accompanied by a more or less elaborate ritual. It is used by the
+races in the Pacific who do not chew the betel nut. Its effects are
+intoxicating and narcotic.
+
+[49] Tapa cloth, _masi_ of the Fijians, _siapo_ of the Samoans, _kapa_
+of the Hawaiians, was the substitute for cloth and paper. It was made
+from the inner bark of the paper mulberry (_Broussonetia papyrifera_).
+The plants were carefully cultivated and when about one inch in
+diameter were cut down and soaked in water. The bark was removed and
+beaten. Different pieces were joined together and beaten into one piece
+so that sheets of almost any size could be made. The finished masi was
+then decorated by printing or stencilling with dyes of red-brown and
+black.
+
+[50] One of the chief forms of mourning for the dead, in addition to
+wailing, was to lop off the little finger of one of the hands. Most
+of the older natives lost both little fingers. This was confined to
+the relatives of the deceased unless the latter was one of the highest
+chiefs when it was confined to the tribe.
+
+[51] Brig “Niagara” of Salem, 246 tons, built at Mount Desert in 1816.
+Owned by Putnam I. Farnham, Jed Fry and Peter S. Webster; commanded by
+Nathaniel Brown. Wrecked in Ambau Bay the same day as the “Glide.”
+
+[52] Bark “Peru”, 210 tons, built at Salem in 1823. Owned by Stephen
+C. Phillips; commanded by John H. Eagleston. Sold to Spanish owners at
+Manila in 1832. Capt. Eagleston commanded four different vessels in the
+Fiji trade, was familiar with the language and was on friendly terms
+with several of the chiefs. He rendered great assistance and furnished
+valuable information to Lieut. Wilkes while the U. S. Exploring
+Expedition was at the Fijis.
+
+[53] Capt. Benjamin Vanderford of Salem made many voyages to the Fiji
+Islands and was familiar with the manners, customs and language. He was
+afterwards master’s mate and pilot on the U.S.S. “Vincennes” during the
+Wilkes’ Exploring Expedition and died, March 23, 1842, on the passage
+home.
+
+[54] Uvea, northeast of Fiji. Discovered by Maurelle in 1781 and again
+by Wallis in 1797.
+
+[55] Brig “Chinchilla” of New York; commanded by Thomas Meek of
+Marblehead.
+
+[56] Ship “Braganza” of New Bedford, 217 tons. Owned by Phillips,
+Russell & Co.; commanded by Daniel Wood. Altered to a bark in 1859 and
+condemned at Honolulu in 1862.
+
+[57] Eimeo, one of the Society Islands about 10 miles north west of
+Tahiti.
+
+[58] This account of whaling may have been abstracted by Mr. Endicott
+from some now unidentified source.
+
+
+
+
+A CANNIBAL FEAST AT THE FEJEE ISLANDS
+
+BY AN EYE WITNESS
+
+(_Reprinted from “The Danvers Courier,” Aug. 16, 1845_)
+
+
+MR. EDITOR. Finding myself in possession of a little spare time, I
+feel disposed to improve it in overhauling a range or two of memory,
+and agreeably to promise to commit such of it to paper as may seem of
+interest, touching on incidents which occurred at the Fejee Islands
+while on board the Old Ship _Glide_.
+
+It was on a pleasant afternoon in the month of March, 1831, our ship at
+anchor off the town of Bona-ra-ra, the crew on board employed in making
+senett, spun-yarn, yard mats, and other ship gear to fill up the chinks
+of time, and particularly the ship’s lockers with such articles as are
+sure to come in play on shipboard, when you have not time to make them.
+
+We were not very busy, neither were we idle; but it was just one of
+those sort of days at the Fejees when all hands had been hard at work
+all the forenoon, boating oil to the ship, beche-le-mer, weighing, and
+stowing it away in the hold, and having once more cleared up decks,
+felt released from the regular day’s duty, and indulged ourselves in
+a sail privilege of telling tales, singing songs and reflecting upon
+“better days gone by.”
+
+Our reveries and yarns were unbroken by any orders from aft except,
+to strike the bell every half hour, which if it had no other purpose
+reminded us that thirty minutes more had drifted astern upon the sea of
+time.
+
+Five bells had been ordered from the quarter deck. I arose to execute
+the command, when my attention was drawn to the shore by seeing a large
+collection of savages on the beach, walking towards the town. Having
+struck the bell, I proceeded to the side of the ship where a canoe
+with five or six women had just arrived, to sell us fruit. I enquired
+of them what was the matter on shore. They immediately told me that
+the men had been to a fight with the Andregette tribe (who lived about
+thirty miles in the mountains), were victorious and had killed and
+taken three of their enemies, and were now going to have a grand Soleb,
+or feast.
+
+I had heard David Whippy, a man who had long been a resident upon
+these Islands, tell many a long tale of the manners and customs of the
+natives, and especially of their cannibalism, and I had a strong desire
+to see the manner in which they prepared and ate human flesh.
+
+While I was considering whether I would ask the liberty I wished, or
+not, Capt. Archer came up and stood in the companion way. I went aft,
+made known to him my request, when he replied, “I have no objection but
+take care of yourself.”
+
+[Illustration: FIJIAN WOMEN
+
+Wearing “maiden locks” indicating that they are unmarried.]
+
+This admonition was gratefully received, yet I felt by no means
+alarmed, having spent a great portion of my time on shore among the
+natives, with whom I was on terms of perfect friendship and good will,
+a circumstance well known to the Capt. or I should probably have
+received at once from him a denial of my wish to be absent from the
+ship on such an occasion.
+
+I went down to my chest and brought up a few beads, which I gave to
+the women in the canoe, telling them I wished to be paddled ashore.
+They immediately threw their fruits consisting of a few cocoanuts and
+plantains, through one of the ship’s ports upon deck and considering
+the beads a compensation for both fruit and passage I was soon on my
+way to the shore.
+
+I landed upon the beach just ahead of the savages who were coming
+single file to the village, entering it however by a very circuitous
+route and in a manner never done except on such occasions.
+
+There were about sixty warriors, though a great many others were in
+attendance who had joined them while nearing the village.
+
+The bodies of the three dead savages were carried in front, lashed
+on long poles in a singular manner. They were bound with wythes by
+bringing the upper and lower parts of the legs together and binding
+them to the body, and the arms in a similar manner by bringing the
+elbows to rest on the knees, and their hands tied upon each side of the
+neck. Their backs were confined to poles which were about twelve feet
+long. One was lashed on each pole, with six men, three at each end, to
+carry it.
+
+Those who carried the bodies walked with a limping gait, bending their
+left knees almost to the ground, but doing it in exact time with the
+war song they were singing.
+
+They proceeded immediately in front of the Boo-re (a large hut to be
+used only on public occasions) and threw the dead bodies from their
+shoulders with the most savage triumph. Two of them were untied from
+the poles while the third and smallest one, was by the order of the
+King, sent to some particular friends of his belonging to a neighboring
+tribe, from whom he had received similar tokens of friendship.
+
+This was a great day at Bona-ra-ra. A day of great rejoicing. This
+tribe had not only been successful in their attack upon their enemy,
+but had succeeded in securing the slain. Little credit is given to the
+warrior who kills his enemies if he does not obtain their bodies; much
+more is thought of the savage who kills one man and carries him home,
+than of the individual who may kill a hundred and let their dead bodies
+fall into the hand of the enemy. Their chief glory consists not so much
+in killing, as in eating their enemies.
+
+I noticed that a very particular interest was taken in one of the dead
+savages, and there were none present who talked louder or expressed
+more vehement gestures, or savage feeling, than an old woman. This
+matter I could not understand. I asked a young savage who stood near
+me, what was their particular interest in that man more than the
+other? He told me that some time previous this tribe had made war with
+the Andre-getta people, and the son of this old woman was a young chief
+in the fight and was slain; and it was believed that this individual
+had killed him. Whether it was so or not, the old woman believed it
+and the priest believed it, and that was enough for their purpose, for
+they only wished to wreak their revenge on some savage, though it were
+a dead one. I had seated myself on the large roots of a cocoanut tree
+in front of the whole ceremony. After it was satisfactorily settled
+that this was the savage who had killed the young chief, they proceeded
+systematically to fill up the measure of their revenge.
+
+This old female savage went to her hut and brought all the property of
+her late son; such as sleeping mats, tappa, i-fow carlic, angona-dish,
+and some other little furniture which make up the necessaries of a
+chief’s dwelling. The angona bowl was placed near the head of the
+dead savage; a bamboo of water was brought and laid by his side, when
+several young men after well rinsing their mouths, were employed in
+chewing and preparing a bowl of angona. After the drink was made ready
+this old savage after a short speech from the priest, who had continued
+to make low gutteral sounds and shake himself through the whole
+ceremony, took her small dish full of the liquor and presenting it to
+the lips of the dead savage bade him drink. No sooner was this done
+than a general yell ran through the tribe--“Amba cula boy thu-ie,”
+he is a stinking dead man. She then dashed the liquor in his face and
+broke the dish in pieces upon it. She then took up her bamboo of water,
+and removing the tuft of grass from the end placed it also to the mouth
+of the dead man and again bade him drink. A repetition of the same
+ceremony was gone through with, when she poured all the water upon his
+face and then broke the bamboo in pieces upon his head, and told the
+men to take it to cut him up with. Bamboo, split to a sharp edge was
+called by them isulic (a term applied to knife), which instrument alone
+they allowed themselves to use in cutting to pieces a dead body.
+
+The old woman had now gone her way knowing that her orders would be
+executed, and well aware of the strict prohibition against her, or any
+of her sex either to assist in preparing, or eating human flesh.
+
+The head of the savage on whom this ceremony commenced was first cut
+off and laid aside, then the furniture that was brought by the old
+woman was broken up and placed around it; and fire set to it so that
+the whole was entirely consumed about the head, and rendered thereby in
+a fit state for cleansing; the hair being burnt off and the flesh so
+singed that it was scraped perfectly white.
+
+As soon as this affair was ended a dance commenced as is customary on
+all such occasions. All the warriors who were engaged in the fight, and
+some aged men who staid at home, had now prepared themselves for this
+savage expression of joy. The Fejeeians wear but little clothing on
+ordinary occasions and on this they were in a state of complete nudity.
+They were painted in a most frightful manner, as great a diversity of
+painting, or marking was observed by them as could be devised, each
+one attempting to outdo the other in the most loathsome obscenity and
+savage appearance. They use but three kinds of paint upon their bodies
+which are black, red, and yellow. The black is made from a small nut
+which grows upon the ground, it is burnt to a coal and pounded up
+between flat stones, and prepared by mixing it with cocoanut oil. The
+red and yellow paint used by them is a mineral similar to our ochre,
+if not precisely the same in substance. The yellow is held by them in
+high estimation. It is mixed with cocoanut oil, scented with sandalwood
+and fragrant herbs, and is the first dressing received by the new born
+infant. It is called by them re-ringer.
+
+There were about one hundred dancers who came upon the ground at one
+and the same time with terrific yells. Their dance was made up of the
+most violent and distended motion of the limbs, often prostrating
+themselves on the ground upon their backs, and springing again
+instantly to their places, without however for a moment ceasing to
+chant their war song in a very low but distinct manner. Their only
+instrumental music on this occasion was that of two savages beating
+upon the end of a hollow log four or six feet in length, which is
+always heard on such occasions, and also as an alarm for war.
+
+Within the ring of dancers had the old woman’s command been promptly
+executed.
+
+They commenced in their usual systematic way of cutting up a dead body.
+The heads of both savages being now taken off, they next cut off the
+right hand and the left foot, right elbow and left knee, and so in like
+manner until all the limbs separated from the body.
+
+An oblong piece was then taken from the body commencing at the bottom
+of the chest and passing downwards about eight inches, and three or
+four inches wide at its broadest part. This was carefully laid aside
+for the King, it being strictly prohibited for anyone else to eat of it.
+
+The entrails and vitals were then taken out and cleansed for cooking.
+But I shall not here particularize. The scene is too revolting. The
+flesh was then cut through the ribs to the spine of the back which was
+broken, thus the body was separated into two pieces. This was truly
+a sickening sight. I saw after they had cut through the ribs of the
+stoutest man, a savage jump upon the back, one end of which rested upon
+the ground, and the other was held in the hands and rested upon the
+knees of another savage, three times before he succeeded in breaking it.
+
+This ended the dissection of the bodies.
+
+While this was going on, the lobu or oven was prepared which was made
+as follows. An excavation is made in the earth of a concave form about
+six feet in diameter and a foot and a half deep in the centre, and
+smoothly lined with small stones. A large fire is then made in it,
+with small stones placed among the burning fuel for the purpose of
+heating them, and as the bodies are cut to pieces they are thrown upon
+the fire, which after being thoroughly singed are scraped while hot by
+savages, who sit around the fire for this purpose. The skin by this
+process is made perfectly white, this being the manner in which they
+dress their hogs, and other animal food.
+
+To show their excessive greediness for human flesh, and their savage
+thirst for blood, I need only to relate a particular circumstance which
+took place at the time. The head of the savage which was last taken
+off, was thrown towards the fire, and being thrown some distance it
+rolled a few feet from the men who were employed around it; when it was
+stolen by one of the savages who carried it behind the tree where I was
+sitting. He took the head in his lap and after combing away the hair
+from the top of it with his fingers picked out the pieces of the scull
+which was broken by the war club and commenced eating the brains. This
+was too much for me. I moved my position, the thief was discovered and
+was as soon compelled to give up his booty, it being considered by the
+others he had got by far too great a share.
+
+The process of cleansing and preparing this flesh, occupied about two
+hours. There was no part of these bodies which I did not see cleansed
+and put in the oven.
+
+The stones which had been placed upon the fire, were now removed, the
+oven cleaned out, the flesh carefully and very neatly wrapped in fresh
+plantain leaves, and placed in it. The hot stones were also wrapped
+in leaves and placed among the flesh, and after it was all deposited
+in the oven, it was covered up two or three inches with the same kind
+of leaves, and the whole covered up with earth of sufficient depth to
+retain the heat.
+
+It was now about sunset; the oven was completely covered, and a new
+dance commenced around it, which continued for some time. I ascertained
+by the natives, that it would be past midnight before they would open
+their oven, and being desirous of seeing the end of this affair, and
+recollecting that I had no anchor watch to stand that night, I resolved
+to go to the beche-le-mer house which was on the opposite side of the
+village, and spend part of the night, caring only to get on board the
+ship the next morning in season to turn to with all hands, in washing
+the decks. I therefore proceeded on my way across the village, when
+I met with Sina-beatee, a chief with whom I was well acquainted, who
+asked me to go with him to his hut, and take something to eat. I
+followed my host to his cabin, and made a good supper, after which I
+left him and renewed my way across the village to the ship’s house.
+
+I found the men curing the fish as usual. Everything looked perfectly
+familiar to me. Some were scolding the natives for their laziness
+and not bringing the fish to the pots, as they wanted them; others
+were dodging the smoke and steam from the pots, with an occasional
+oath, and trying to get a snuff of pure air; while the men to the
+windward pots, though free from the other annoyances, were compelled
+to take a double share of mosquitoes, which was a fair offset to the
+grievances of the others. These, with a few of Job’s comforts; dreadful
+sores occasioned by frequently burning a poison wood called by the
+natives--see-nu, make up some of the rare pleasures of the shore’s crew
+on a beche-le-mer voyage.
+
+As the men on shore are obliged to stand watch and watch, I turned in
+to the berth of one of my shipmates who had the first watch at the
+pots, and slept as sound and as well, perhaps, as anyone else would
+have done in a savage land with a host of savage mosquitoes singing
+about his ears.
+
+I turned out about midnight, sauntered about the beche-le-mer house
+until nearly daylight, and then made my way back again to the Boo-re.
+
+I soon found on nearing the house, by seeing the torches about the
+oven, and also by the scent of their cooked flesh, that their feast had
+begun; and on my arrival I found they were nearly done. It was soon
+reported to the chiefs that a white man was at the door, and after
+some enquiry I was invited to the feast. Being well acquainted with
+the King, as well as Sina-beatee with whom I had supped the evening
+previous, I felt somewhat at home and took a seat beside the last named
+personage. It was not yet daylight and there was no light in the house
+except a small fire kept burning at each of the three doors to keep
+out the mosquitoes, which served for little or no other purpose. I had
+been seated but a moment or two when I heard the Chief Sina-beatee (who
+was kept on board the ship as a hostage for the men on shore who were
+getting a cargo for the ship, but who had been released by the Captain
+on this occasion the evening previous), say to the King “Had we not
+better give the white man something to eat?” “Yes,” said the King,
+“you can send and get him some yam, for he will not eat our meat.”
+Sina-beatee replied, “I know he will not, but I consider the meat by
+far the best and as a token of good will, having received presents
+from him, I wish to present him some.” The King after a mute silence
+of a moment, told one of his ki-sees or slaves to give the white chief
+(allowing me that title in consideration of the respect shown me by
+Sina-beatee) the best piece which was left, it being nearly all eaten
+up. He went to the centre of the Boo-re where lay some unbroken bunches
+of meat, the savages being placed generally on the sides of the room,
+and selected a piece, telling the King what it was before removing it.
+The King said it was “slave’s meat,” which he regretted, saying to
+Sina-beatee, he wished it was a better piece and ordered the slave to
+give it me. It was accordingly brought carefully wrapped in a plantain
+leaf as it had been placed in the oven. I unwrapped it and found it to
+be a part of a foot taken off at the ankle and at the joints of the
+toes. I made an excuse for not eating it, by saying that it had been
+kept too long after it was killed, before it was cooked, it being
+about thirty-six hours. The King replied, it was not half so long as
+you white men keep your bullum-a-cow! meaning salt beef, a name derived
+from bull and cow, by American seamen. Salted meat was considered by
+them the most unhealthy and loathsome food that could be eaten, and was
+the means of creating a strong prejudice against the whites for their
+eating it. I had no desire to discuss the question of diet with this
+old savage and cannibal, knowing that I could not convince him of the
+base impropriety of eating human flesh, and well aware that he could
+not prevail upon me to exchange the cured flesh of a well stalled ox
+for the jackall food of his murdered victims.
+
+[Illustration: TOOTH OF A FIJIAN CANNIBAL
+
+Presented to The Essex Institute in 1851 by Capt. John H. Eagleston who
+stated that it was “A tooth from Na Massa Ngaloa, the greatest cannibal
+that ever lived, head chief of Rewa, Fiji Islands. Twenty years since
+conquered most of the islands in the archipelago; since died aged about
+sixty years. Eleven years ago became Christian--baptised Ratu Mill.”
+Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.]
+
+[Illustration: MODEL OF A BURE OR FIJIAN TEMPLE
+
+Such models were presented to the temples as offerings. Given to the
+East India Marine Society of Salem, by Capt. Joseph Winn, Jr., in 1835.
+Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.]
+
+[Illustration: OBJECTS FROM FIJI ISLANDS
+
+  1. Comb with top of human bone; collected by John Crandall in 1860.
+
+  2. Bracelet of shark’s teeth; collected by Capt. Joshua Kinsman in
+  1831.
+
+  3. Bracelet of roots made by the mountaineers; collected by Capt.
+  Joshua Kinsman in 1831.
+
+  4. Bracelet of human teeth; collected by James B. Williams, U. S.
+  Consul at Fiji, in 1845.
+
+  5. Mat needle made of human bone; collected by Capt. Joshua Kinsman
+  in 1831.
+
+Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.]
+
+As the light of day shown into the hut, it revealed a sight seldom
+witnessed by civilized man. Around the hut sat sixty or seventy
+cannibals, more frightful than ever if possible; their paint being
+rubbed together in many instances, gave their bodies such an appearance
+as for a moment to lead one to doubt that they were human beings.
+Before one savage, would lay a human head, save that part which could
+be released from it, the lower jaw; which would be in possession of
+another. The bones of these bodies were well distributed among them,
+showing conclusively that none had failed to get their share. I had
+understood by them that the oven was opened about midnight, and that
+they had now done their feast; what was left was to be given to the
+boys; the women, as I have before stated, were not allowed to taste of
+it though they frequently got it by stealth, as some of them did on
+this occasion after the bones and broken meat was given to the boys. My
+attention was directed to an old Tonga ta boo savage, whom I had seen,
+however, frequently before, who was a Ma-ti or mechanic among them,
+whose particular business it was to manufacture sail needles from the
+shin bones of their cannibal victims. The sails to their canoes, being
+made in a triangular form, of thick mats sewed together with sennet,
+renders it necessary to have long and crooked needles, and perhaps
+there is nothing among them from which this article could be so well
+manufactured as from the shin bone of a man. This old savage sat near
+the King, with four shin bones between his own, and feeling himself
+entitled by his peculiar occupation to those parts of the victim, never
+failed to have his share of the spoils. I had heard through my whole
+stay at this place that he was the most notorious cannibal in the
+tribe; and his whole appearance conformed well with his acknowledged
+character. He was of a large and muscular frame, raw boned, his skin
+brawny and dry, and with no nose upon his face; he having lost this
+prominent feature some years previous, for the indulgence of a crime
+among the wives of a neighboring chief. His nose was bitten off. I knew
+of but one crime among these islanders, which a man or woman could
+commit, the penalty of which was the loss of this member.
+
+Many of the savages now begun to leave the Boo-re, and among the rest
+was Sina-beatee who stated to me that he should go on board the ship
+in the boats which came on shore for the beche-le-mer. I rose to go,
+but wishing to carry with me some relic as a remembrance of the scene
+I had witnessed, I engaged the old Tonga savage to make a pair of sail
+needles, one from the limb of each of the devoured victims, promising
+him a good compensation for them. He gave them to me in two or three
+days after, neatly wrought, which I placed among my curiosities, which
+within one month from that time were all together with the ill-fated
+ship.
+
+About sunrise, I went to the beche-le-mer house, and finding myself too
+late to get on board to assist in washing decks, I set myself to work
+collecting the beche-le-mer on the batters, in readiness to be put into
+bags when the boats came off, thereby offsetting my duty on board by
+doing what I knew would be required of my boatmates on their arrival on
+shore.
+
+The boats arrived at their usual time, and after taking on board as
+much of the beche-le-mer as was ready for storage on board the ship, we
+went on board accompanied by Sina-beatee and his wife Tu-cun-na, who
+spent much of her time with the chief on board of the ship.
+
+I am about to the end of my yarn, yet I might lengthen it by knotting
+on other strands, but my timepiece reminds me that it is past midnight;
+so I shall take the liberty to belay this and turn in.
+
+                                            Yours, etc.,
+                                                    WILLIAM ENDICOTT
+
+
+
+
+A FEW WORDS OF THE LANGUAGE OF THE FEGEE ISLANDS
+
+
+The natives always add the word _Sah_, to all words excepting
+substantives.
+
+      _Fegee_               _English_
+
+  Andree´               Beche-le-mer
+  A-tap´-pah            What
+  Ing-go´               That or those
+  Lah´-go               Go away
+  Oh-mi´                Come here
+  Mi                    Here
+  Si-an´-drah           How do you do
+  Fah-ing-go´           This fashion, or this way
+  Papa lang´-ee         General name for civilized people
+  Fah-a-Be´tee          Like a Fegee man
+  Fah-a-papa-lang´-ee   Like a civilized man
+  La´bo                 Large
+  Li-Li                 Small
+  Ba-na´-kak            Good
+  Dah                   Bad
+  Un-dee´-nah           True
+  Las´-so               False
+  Bon-ee´-tah           Handsome
+  Seeng-ah´             No
+  Ee´-o                 Yes
+  Neen´-ee              Angry
+  Tom´-a-Tah            Man
+  La´-vah               Women
+  E-val´-ee             Musket or a bow
+  Anti-ky´              House
+  Nung-a-Sow´           Bullets or arrows
+  Ma-Loon´              Club
+  A-noo´-koo            Sand or powder
+  A-bat´-to             Stones
+  Am-boo´-kah           Fire
+  Nah-cow´              Wood
+  Fa-nu´-ah             Land--the shore
+  Dry-and-dry´          Lengthy
+  Lakah-Lakah´          Short
+  Boo´-lah              Strong or brave
+  Ra´-Rah               Frightened
+  An-Drew´              Blood
+  Am-Boo´ter            Cooked
+  An-Dro´kah            Raw
+  Wank´-ah              Ship, canoe
+  Bel´lo-Bel´lo         Boat
+  Pie´-o                Oar, paddle
+  Thoo´-lar             Pole
+  Ee-lah´-ther          Sail
+  Ra´-Vah               Hoist
+  Wye´-Dewee            Salt water
+  Wye-Ee-No             Water to drink
+  Cun´-a-Cun´           Eat
+  Ee-No                 Drink
+  Mun´dry               Bread
+  Poark´-ah             Hogs
+  Oo´-fee               Yams
+  A-boon´-tee           Plantains
+  A-oo´-to              Bread, fruit
+  Ee´-kah               Fish
+  Mah-Seem´-ah          Salt
+  Ah-nee´-ew            Cocoanuts
+  Too-rong´-ah          Chief
+  Ky-See                Common man
+  Mar-Ty´               Carpenter
+  Toon-en-Dye´          Helmsman
+  Ky-Fa-nu´-ah          Landsman
+  Ky-Wye´               Sailor
+  Tah´-nee              Stranger
+  Bul´lee-Bul´lee       Trade, barter
+  Par´-lee-Co           Chizzel
+  Mo´ro-Mo´ro           Beads
+  Tambour´              Whale’s tooth
+  I-sail-ee             Knife, sword
+  So´-Ber               Tub or hogshead
+  Ca´-To                Box
+  A-rom´-bo             Bag
+  Gu´tee-Gu´tee         Basket
+  Du´-nah               One--1
+  A-roo´-ah             Two--2
+  To´lo                 Three--3
+  Vah                   Four--4
+  Lee´-mah              Five--5
+  Ono                   Six--6
+  Ve´-to                Seven--7
+  Wah´-loo              Eight--8
+  Thee´-wah             Nine--9
+  Tee´-nee              Ten--10
+  Car´-loo              Great Spirit
+  Em-Bet´ta             Priest
+  See´ng-ah             Sun
+  Boo´-lah              Moon
+  Tung´-ee              Wind
+  Oo´-ther              Rain
+  Dumb´-an-Dumb´        Red colour
+  Cur-ra-la-row´er      Green colour
+  Lo´-ah-Lo´-ah         Black or blue colour
+  I-bo´-Lah             White or yellow colour
+  Sam-ber´-rah          By and by
+  Sah-Vet´her           How many
+  Sah-Ee´-Bee           Where is it
+  Gwe´go                Yourself
+  Gwo´                  Myself
+  Cot´he-Thung´-ee      What is your name?
+  Bullee-Atap´-pah      What will you trade for?
+  Ky-Bee-Tee            Fegee man
+  Ky-America            American
+  Ky-Bullee-Tan´ee      Englishman
+  Ky-Tonga              Tongee man
+
+The Fegee people are named after the principal things they are
+acquainted with, as their weapons, the elements, vegetables, etc.
+
+
+    _Wallis Island_        _English_
+
+  Tanga´-tah            Man
+  Fee-fee´-na           Women
+  A-lee´-kee            Chief
+  A-Too´-ah             Priest and the Great Spirit
+  Lil-La´               Good
+  Cov´-ee               Bad
+  Li´-Hee               Large
+  See-See               Small
+  A-Ty´-hee             One--1
+  A roo´-ah             Two--2
+  Tolo                  Three--3
+  Vah                   Four--4
+  Lee´-mah              Five--5
+  Ono´                  Six--6
+  Vee´-to               Seven--7
+  Wah´-loo              Eight--8
+  Thee´-wah             Nine--9
+  Ung´ a boo´-ro        Ten--10
+
+
+
+
+OFFICERS AND CREW OF SHIP _GLIDE_ ON HER 14TH VOYAGE
+
+
+                                _Place of_   _Place of_
+  _Rank_         _Names_         _Birth_     _Residence_   _Height_  _Age_
+ Master     Henry Archer, Jr.
+ 1st Mate   Benjamin Balch, Jr.  Salem         Salem         5′ 5½″    24
+ 2nd Mate   Samuel Burnham       Salem         Salem         5′ 9½″    24
+ 3rd Mate   William Endicott     Danvers       Danvers       5′ 3½″    20
+ Armourer   Thomas Crowell       Salem         Salem         5′ 8″     28
+ Carpenter  Aaron Marden         Tuftonboro    Salem         5′ 6″     27
+ Seaman     Joseph Noble, Jr.    Salem         Salem         5′ 5″     21
+ Seaman     Henry W. Ramsdell    Salem         Salem         5′ 5″     22
+ Seaman     Andrew Reed          Gothenburg    Salem         5′ 6½″    18
+ Seaman     Antone Johnson       Genoa         Salem         5′ 2″     45
+ Seaman     Preston Crafts       Manchester    Manchester
+ Seaman     Joseph H. Morse      Manchester    Manchester
+ Seaman     Joshua B. Derby      Salem         Salem         5′ 5½″    16
+ Seaman     Edmund Knight        Salem         Salem         5′ 4¾″    16
+ Seaman     Joseph Joplin        Salem         Salem         5′ 6″     18
+ Seaman     William Warner       Salem         Salem         5′ 1½″    15
+ Seaman     Seth Richardson      Salem         Salem         5′ 3″     18
+ Seaman     Leonard Poole        Danvers       Danvers       5′ 7¾″    22
+ Seaman     Henry Fowler         Danvers       Danvers       5′ 7½″    19
+ Seaman     James Oliver         Salem         Salem
+ Cook       Henry Shaw           Boston        Salem         5′ 2½″    42
+ Steward    Joseph Francis       Salem         Salem         5′ 9½″    21
+
+
+
+
+PUBLICATIONS OF THE MARINE RESEARCH SOCIETY SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS
+
+
+   I. THE SAILING SHIPS OF NEW ENGLAND, 1607-1907, BY JOHN ROBINSON AND
+      GEORGE FRANCIS DOW. Large 8vo. (7 × 10), 320 illustrations, 430
+      pages, blue buckram binding.
+        _Sixty copies were printed on large paper._
+
+  II. THE PIRATES OF THE NEW ENGLAND COAST, 1630-1730, BY GEORGE FRANCIS
+      DOW AND JOHN HENRY EDMONDS, WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY CAPT. ERNEST
+      H. PENTECOST, R. N. R. Large 8vo. (7 × 10), 47 illustrations, 416
+      pages, red buckram binding.
+        _Eighty-five copies were printed on large paper._
+
+ III. WRECKED AMONG CANNIBALS IN THE FIJIS, BY WILLIAM ENDICOTT,
+      WITH NOTES BY LAWRENCE WATERS JENKINS. 8vo. (6¼ × 9½), 13
+      illustrations, 76 pages, Fabriano paper boards, linen back.
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber’s Notes
+
+
+ • Italic text represented with _underscores_.
+
+ • Small capitals converted to ALL CAPS.
+
+ • Obvious typographic errors silently corrected.
+
+ • Variations in hyphenation and spelling kept as in the original. Many
+   such variations occur between the spelling in the author’s text and
+   the footnotes written by the editor.
+
+ • Illustrations relocated to the nearest convenient paragraph break.
+
+ • Footnotes renumbered consecutively and moved to the end of their
+   respective chapters.
+
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 76873 ***
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+    text-align: center;
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+}
+
+
+/* Footnotes */
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+    none;
+}
+
+.footnote p { text-indent: 0; margin-top: 0.5em; }
+
+/* Poetry */
+/* uncomment the next line for centered poetry */
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+  font-size: 95%; }
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+.poetry .verse    {text-indent: -3em; padding-left: 3em;}
+
+/* Transcriber's notes */
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+    font-size:small;
+    padding:0.5em;
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+/* Illustration classes */
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+.illowp51 {width: 51%;}
+.illowp46 {width: 46%;}
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<div style='text-align:center'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 76873 ***</div>
+<figure class="figcenter illowp49" id="cover" style="max-width: 113.3125em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Book cover">
+</figure>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="front">
+<figure class="figcenter illowp100" id="i_frontis" style="max-width: 108.5em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_frontis.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      SHIP GLIDE OF SALEM
+      <p>From a water-color painted at Marseilles in 1823 by Anton Roux, Jr.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_1">[1]</span></p>
+
+ <h1 class='mt1'>WRECKED<br>
+ AMONG CANNIBALS<br>
+ IN THE FIJIS</h1>
+
+<p class='center fs150'><i>A NARRATIVE OF<br>
+ SHIPWRECK &amp; ADVENTURE<br>
+ IN THE SOUTH SEAS</i></p>
+
+<p class='center fs80 mt2'>BY</p>
+<p class='center'>WILLIAM ENDICOTT</p>
+<p class='center fs60'>Third Mate of the Ship <i>Glide</i></p>
+
+<p class='center fs60 mth'><i>with Notes by</i></p>
+<p class='center mth'>LAWRENCE WATERS JENKINS</p>
+<p class='center fs60'>Assistant-Director of the Peabody Museum<br>
+ of Salem</p>
+
+<div class='center mt2'>
+<figure class="figcenter illowp15" id="colophon" style="max-width: 19.5em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/colophon.jpg" alt="Publisher's Colophon">
+</figure>
+</div>
+
+<p class='center mt2'> MARINE RESEARCH SOCIETY</p>
+<p class='center fs80'> SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS</p>
+<p class='center fs90'> 1923</p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_2">[2]</span></p>
+
+<p class='center mt2'>PUBLICATION NUMBER THREE</p>
+<p class='center mth fs90'>OF THE</p>
+<p class='center mth'>MARINE RESEARCH SOCIETY</p>
+<p class='center mth'>SALEM, MASS.</p>
+
+<p class='center mt6'>COPYRIGHT, 1923, BY</p>
+<p class='center mth'>THE MARINE RESEARCH SOCIETY</p>
+
+<p class='center mt6 fs80'>PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES</p>
+<p class='center mth fs80'>THE SOUTHWORTH PRESS</p>
+<p class='center mth fs80'>PORTLAND, MAINE</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_3">[3]</span></p>
+  <h2 class="nobreak" id="CONTENTS">
+    CONTENTS
+  </h2>
+</div>
+
+<table class='toc'>
+  <tr><td><a href="#ILLUSTRATIONS"><span class="smcap">List of Illustrations</span></a></td><td class='tdr'><a href='#Page_5'>5</a></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><a href="#INTRODUCTION"><span class="smcap">Introduction</span></a></td><td class='tdr'><a href='#Page_7'>7</a></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><a href="#WILLIAM_ENDICOTTS_NARRATIVE"><span class="smcap">William Endicott’s Narrative</span></a></td><td class='tdr'><a href='#Page_15'>15</a></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><a href="#A_CANNIBAL_FEAST_AT_THE_FEJEE"><span class="smcap">A Cannibal Feast at the Fiji Islands</span></a></td><td class='tdr'><a href='#Page_55'>55</a></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><a href='#Vocab_Fiji'><span class="smcap">Vocabulary of the Fiji Islands</span></a></td><td class='tdr'><a href='#Page_71'>71</a></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><a href='#Vocab_Wallis'><span class="smcap">Vocabulary of Wallis Island</span></a></td><td class='tdr'><a href='#Page_75'>75</a></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><a href="#CREW"><span class="smcap">List of Officers and Crew on the Ship <i>Glide</i></span></a></td><td class='tdr'><a href='#Page_76'>76</a></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_4"></a><a id="Page_5"></a>[5]</span></p>
+
+  <h2 class="nobreak" id="ILLUSTRATIONS">
+    ILLUSTRATIONS
+  </h2>
+</div>
+
+<table class='loi'>
+<tr>
+  <td colspan='2'><a href='#i_frontis'><span class="smcap">Ship Glide of Salem</span></a>
+  <span class='fr'><i>Frontispiece</i></span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+  <p>      From a water-color painted at Marseilles in 1823 by Anton Roux,&nbsp;Jr.</p></td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_015'><span class="smcap">William Endicott</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>15</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>From a photograph made about 1860.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_020'><span class="smcap">Fijian Men</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>20</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>    From a photograph made in 1898.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_029'><span class="smcap">Ship Ann Alexander of New Bedford</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>29</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>From a water-color in the possession of the Old Dartmouth
+    Historical Society, New Bedford.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_034'><span class="smcap">Fiji War Clubs</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>34</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>Presented to the East India Marine Society of Salem between 1823
+    and 1834. Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_040'><span class="smcap">Fijian House</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>40</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>From a photograph made in 1898.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_044'><span class="smcap">Model of a Fiji Double Canoe</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>44</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>Brought to the United States in 1856 by Capt. Thomas C. Dunn,
+    while on the bark <i>Dragon</i> of Salem. Now in the Peabody Museum
+    of Salem.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_050'><span class="smcap">Ship Chinchilla of New York</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>50</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>“Scrimshawed” on a whale’s tooth. Presented to the East India
+    Marine Society of Salem in 1825, by Capt. William Osgood. Now in
+    the Peabody Museum of Salem.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_6">[6]</span></p>
+    <a href='#i_052'><span class="smcap">A Shoal of Sperm Whale off the Island of Hawaii in 1833</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>52</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>From an engraving by J. Hill after a painting by
+T. Birch. The picture shows the famous
+Roach (Rotch) whaling fleet,—the <i>Enterprise</i>, <i>Wm.
+Roach</i>, <i>Pocahontas</i> and <i>Houqua</i>, all from Nantucket.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_056'><span class="smcap">Fijian Women</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>56</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>Wearing “maiden locks” indicating that they are
+       unmarried.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_066a'><span class="smcap">Tooth of a Fijian Cannibal</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>66</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>Presented to the Essex Institute in 1851 by Capt.
+    John H. Eagleston who stated that it was “A tooth
+    from Na Massa Ngaloa, the greatest cannibal that
+    ever lived, head chief of Rewa, Fiji Islands. Twenty
+    years since conquered most of the islands in the
+    archipelago; since died aged about sixty years.
+    Eleven years ago became Christian—baptised Ratu
+    Mill.” Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_066b'><span class="smcap">Model of a Bure or Fiji Temple</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>66</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>Such models were presented to the temples as
+     offerings. Given to the East India Marine Society
+     of Salem, by Capt. Joseph Winn, Jr., in 1835. Now
+     in the Peabody Museum of Salem.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td><a href='#i_068'><span class="smcap">Objects from Fiji</span></a></td>
+  <td class='tdr'>68</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td class='desc'>
+    <p>Presented to the East India Marine Society of
+    Salem and The Essex Institute between 1831 and
+    1860. Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_7">[7]</span></p>
+
+  <h2 class="nobreak" id="INTRODUCTION">
+    INTRODUCTION
+  </h2>
+</div>
+
+<p class='first'><span class='allcaps'>A hundred</span> years ago the young men and
+boys living in New England seacoast towns
+could easily find in the forecastles of locally
+built ships, an opportunity to gratify a desire
+for adventure and a sight of foreign lands. Many of
+their shipmates would be neighbors or come from
+nearby towns and all who intended to follow the sea
+looked forward with anticipation and pride to the
+day when they might be able to ship as an officer or
+be given the command of a vessel. It was no unusual
+thing at that time for officers and captains to be under
+twenty years of age and the ship and the sea
+then possessed a romance and a lure not to be found
+in the present-day age of steam. The following narrative
+describes in matter-of-fact language, the experiences
+of one of these twenty-year old lads who
+shipped out of Salem, Massachusetts, as third officer
+in a fine ship bound for the South Seas.</p>
+
+<p>The ship <i>Glide</i>, of 306 tons burden, was built in
+Salem in 1811 for Joseph Peabody and Samuel
+Tucker and made thirteen voyages to the Mediterranean,
+Archangel, South America, India and the
+East Indies. In 1829 she was sent on a trading voyage
+to the South Seas under the command of Capt.
+Henry Archer. Most of her crew were young men
+and some were green hands. After doubling the
+Cape of Good Hope a course was set for New Zealand
+where fresh provisions, wood and water were
+taken aboard. At that time it was possible to obtain
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_8">[8]</span>
+for a small piece of tobacco or some trading article
+of trifling cost, finely carved and ornamented war-spears
+and canoe paddles and curiously figured
+shawls made from the native flax,—articles now
+highly valued by museums and collectors. While
+there the ship was visited by Pomare, the principal
+chief in that part of the island, who brought with
+him his favorite wife. He was a fine-looking man
+wearing a blanket fastened over his right shoulder
+and his face and thighs were tattooed in graceful
+scrolls. She was handsome for a New Zealander,
+wore a blanket fastened over her left shoulder and
+her lips and chin were tattooed.</p>
+
+<p>After a voyage of 142 days from Salem, the <i>Glide</i>
+reached Narai, one of the Fijis, where fresh provisions
+were taken aboard. A common musket
+worth only two or three dollars could be traded for
+a dozen large hogs and a pair of scissors or a jackknife
+was valued at a bunch of plantains or forty
+cocoanuts. When it came to exchanging trading
+goods for the native labor necessary to obtain the
+beche-le-mer—the principal article of trade in the
+islands—a common chisel made by the blacksmith
+on board from old hoop iron could be bartered for
+a day’s labor. To earn a chisel the islander must
+leave his hut early in the morning, sail fifteen or
+twenty miles to the reef and then work knee-deep
+in the water for six or eight hours gathering the
+beche-le-mer, a species of sea snail; after which he
+must carry his spoil to the ship—and all for a barrel-hoop
+chisel! The trading goods most esteemed
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_9">[9]</span>
+in the Fijis at that time were iron tools, knives,
+scissors, whale’s teeth, beads and trinkets, but especially
+muskets, pistols and ammunition.</p>
+
+<p>The place selected for trade was reached about
+the middle of October, 1829, and after negotiating
+with the local chief, his people were employed in
+building three houses,—a “batter house,” a hundred
+feet long, thirty wide and twenty high, where
+the beche-le-mer were dried and cured after boiling;
+a “pot house,” open on all sides, in which the forty-gallon
+pots were placed to boil the sea snails; and
+a “trade house,” a building about fifteen feet long,
+ten wide and eight high, in which trading goods
+brought in the ship were stored and so made easily
+available for barter.</p>
+
+<p>The beche-le-mer when found on the reefs are
+about eight inches long and three inches thick. They
+are of a dark brown color, have a rough skin which
+is thickly covered with slime, and are easily taken.
+Exposure to the air has little effect upon them.
+After having been purchased by the trading master
+they are placed in a shallow pool made near the
+shore where the sea-water flows in at high tide and
+here the snails are cleaned of slime and then taken
+to the pot house and boiled about forty minutes.
+After drying they become hard and are then sent
+aboard the ship, packed in matting bags and stowed
+away. When properly cured beche-le-mer will remain
+in good condition for several years. It requires
+the Chinese palate to wholly appreciate the peculiar
+delicacy of its flavor when cooked and served as a
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_10">[10]</span>
+table dainty and it was to the Chinese market in
+Manilla that the <i>Glide’s</i> cargo was taken and sold.</p>
+
+<p>As the natives were a warlike race and the different
+tribes were constantly engaged in fighting, the
+dozen men who remained on shore in charge of the
+trading house and the curing of the beche-le-mer,
+went fully armed. The <i>Glide</i>, also, presented a warlike
+appearance. Heavy cannon loaded with cannister
+and grape-shot appeared at every port-hole
+and on deck and below weapons were placed so that
+they were available at an instant’s notice. In each
+top there was a chest of arms and ammunition and
+“boarding nettings, eight or ten feet wide, were triced
+up around the ship by tackles and shipping lines
+suspended from the extremities of the lower yardarms.”&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_1_1" href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a>
+This seemed very necessary as nearly two
+thousand natives were employed in gathering and
+curing the beche-le-mer to complete the cargoes of
+the <i>Glide</i> and the <i>Quill</i>, a brig hailing from Salem,
+that came in not long after the <i>Glide</i> reached Miambooa
+Bay.</p>
+
+<p>Severe storms at times prevail in the Fijis and
+twice the <i>Glide</i> narrowly escaped shipwreck. On the
+evening of March 21, 1831, a hard gale came up unexpectedly
+and all night the shrill voice of the leadsman
+called at intervals, “She drags! She drags!”
+The next morning at about eleven o’clock, after
+having dragged her anchors for a distance of nearly
+eight miles, the ship drove on a shore-reef projecting
+from the island of Vanua Levu and soon became
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_11">[11]</span>
+a total wreck. In the following pages, William Endicott,
+the third officer of the <i>Glide</i>, describes the
+events of the voyage and gives an interesting account
+of the natives among whom he lived for several
+months; supplying also a short vocabulary of
+their language.</p>
+
+<p>William Endicott, who wrote this narrative, was
+the son of Israel and Betsey (Rea) Endicott of
+Danvers, Mass., and was born there July 7, 1809.
+He came of a family of sailors and shipmasters and
+at the age of fifteen went to sea for a voyage to the
+west coast of South America, in the ship <i>China</i>,
+Capt. Hiram Putnam. There the ship was loaded
+with copper and the voyage home made by way of
+Manilla, China and Calcutta. It was during the
+homeward passage through the South Seas that Endicott
+learned of the trade in beche-le-mer. The first
+officer of the ship was Henry Archer, Jr., a Salem
+man, and on reaching home he proposed to Joseph
+Peabody, the great Salem shipowner and merchant,
+that a voyage be made to the South Seas to obtain
+beche-le-mer to be traded for Chinese goods. The
+venture promised large profits and Archer was given
+command of the ship <i>Glide</i> and he shipped young
+Endicott as his third mate. This was Endicott’s last
+voyage to sea and on reaching home he engaged in
+the morocco leather business and in 1861 was commissioned
+an inspector in the Salem Custom House.
+He died Sept. 25, 1881, in Danvers.</p>
+
+<p>The journal of the voyage to the Fijis, kept by
+him, was given to the Peabody Museum of Salem
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_12">[12]</span>
+by his children and is now printed for the first time
+by the kind permission of the Museum authorities
+who have also supplied valuable material to illustrate
+the volume. Accompanying the journal was a
+log book, kept during the voyage, from which additional
+information has been abstracted and is included
+among the footnotes. Mr. Israel O. Endicott,
+a son of William Endicott, has obligingly furnished
+biographical information. Thanks are also
+due to Mr. Charles C. Willoughby, Director of the
+Peabody Museum of Archæology and Ethnology,
+Cambridge, Mr. Perry Walton, Boston, The Essex
+Institute and Mr. Henry W. Wright, Salem, for assistance
+in illustrating the book.</p>
+
+<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_1_1" href="#FNanchor_1_1" class="label">[1]</a> See <i>Wreck of the Glide</i>, Boston, 1846.</p></div></div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_13">[13]</span></p>
+
+  <h2 class="nobreak mt6 mb6" id="WILLIAM_ENDICOTTS_NARRATIVE">
+    WILLIAM ENDICOTT’S NARRATIVE
+ </h2>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+<figure class="figcenter illowp72" id="i_015" style="max-width: 65.0em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_015.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      WILLIAM ENDICOTT
+      <p>From a photograph made about 1860.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_15">[15]</span></p>
+
+<p class='center mt4 fs120'>WILLIAM ENDICOTT’S NARRATIVE</p>
+
+<p class='first mt1'><span class='k6'><span class='allcaps'>On</span></span> May 21st, 1829, I went on board the ship
+<i>Glide</i>, then lying in Salem harbour, having
+engaged to perform a voyage in her to the
+South Pacific Ocean for the purpose of procuring a
+cargo of beche-le-mer, tortoise shell and sandalwood.
+At meridian, all hands being on board, we
+got underweigh with a moderate east wind, and
+stood out to sea with all sail set. At 5 P.&nbsp;M. we were
+obliged to anchor outside the harbour where we lay
+until the following day at 11 A.&nbsp;M. when we weighed
+again and succeeded in getting to sea. We shaped
+our course for the Cape de Verde Islands in order to
+be sufficiently to the eastward where we expected to
+meet the South East trades, and soon lost sight of
+the American shores.</p>
+
+<p>Nothing of importance occurred on the passage
+till the 15th of June, when we saw one of the Cape
+de Verdes. We passed it and steered to the southward
+till the 1st of July when we first met the South
+East trade wind. We continued to steer to the
+southward, by the wind, until we reached the latitude
+of 32° south, when the wind becoming more
+variable, enabled us to proceed more directly on our
+course; to double the Cape of Good Hope, proceed
+to the eastward and touch at New Zealand, as was
+determined by the Captain, and to endeavour to
+procure some fresh stock. After arriving into the
+latitude of 40° south, we experienced a succession
+of gales and blowing weather, which lasted with but
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_16">[16]</span>
+little cessation until the 31st of August, when we
+saw Van Diemens Land,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_2_2" href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> from whence we steered
+direct for the northern part of New Zealand.</p>
+
+<p>The wind and weather proved favourable and on
+the 14th of Sept. we saw the island of New Zealand
+and on the 17th anchored in the Bay of Islands,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_3_3" href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a>
+117 days from Salem, with one man sick.</p>
+
+<p>We found in this place three English whale ships&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_4_4" href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a>
+and one merchant brig.&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_5_5" href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> The natives, although engaged
+in wars and fighting with themselves and being
+exceedingly fierce and savage, treated us very
+well and sold us hogs and vegetables in great plenty
+for muskets, powder, tools, cloth and tobacco. We
+generally were well pleased with them excepting the
+strong propensity they had to steal.</p>
+
+<p>The English Mission has a large establishment
+in this place guarded by a fort, and have succeeded
+tolerably well in informing the natives and in particular
+in putting a stop to the horrid practice of
+eating the dead bodies of their enemies.&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_6_6" href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_17">[17]</span></p>
+
+<p>We purchased six of the natives from one of the
+Chiefs, who we intended to employ in procuring our
+cargo; and after getting a supply of fresh stock,
+wood and water, we sailed from this port and
+steered to the north west intending to touch at the
+Tonga Islands before we went among the Fegeis, in
+order to lay in a good supply of vegetables and hogs
+which are in greater plenty at the Tonga Islands
+than at New Zealand.</p>
+
+<p>After leaving the land we found the weather boisterous
+for a few days until we reached the south
+east trades when it proved mild and pleasant and
+on the 6th of October, we saw one of the group called
+Friendly Islands&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_7_7" href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> by Capt. Cook and Tonga by the
+natives. We ran in near to the shore when the natives
+came off in great numbers in their canoes
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_18">[18]</span>
+bringing great quantities of cocoanuts, yams, plantains,
+hogs and fowls, besides different kinds of
+fruit, which they readily sold for cloth, beads, etc.
+As we had plenty of trade which we brought from
+the United States for the purpose we soon purchased
+a sufficiency of fresh stock and vegetables.</p>
+
+<p>The natives were of a copper complexion and
+were of very handsome features and appeared very
+friendly to us and well pleased with our trade. They
+were nearly naked having only a small covering
+over the middle and a few small ornaments round
+their necks and in the ears.</p>
+
+<p>On the 8th, having purchased a sufficient quantity
+of stock, we left the Islands and steered for the
+Fegee Islands,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_8_8" href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a> our destined port, where we expected
+to procure our cargo and where we should be
+obliged to stop some months.</p>
+
+<p>These are a cluster of islands situated in the Pacific
+Ocean between the latitudes of 15° and 18°
+south and the longitudes of 178° and 180° east and
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_19">[19]</span>
+very much resemble the West Indies, being very
+fertile and producing nearly all the fruits and vegetables
+found at those islands and being situated between
+the Tropics, the climate is much the same.</p>
+
+<p>Mountains of considerable size are to be found
+among them though they would be generally considered
+as low islands. They are surrounded by coral
+reefs and shoals of sand which renders navigation
+extremely dangerous though they serve to protect
+many harbours and bays from the sea. Although
+situated in the immediate vicinity of the
+S.&nbsp;E. trade wind, the wind does not prevail at any
+particular point, but is generally very variable and
+subject to frequent changes.</p>
+
+<p>These islands are inhabited by a race of people
+who differ very much from the other uncivilized
+nations in the South Pacific Ocean, in customs, language
+and particularly their complexion which is
+much darker and approaches very near to the Negroes.
+In stature they are larger than most Europeans
+and like other Indians are very straight and
+well built and it is not uncommon to see persons of
+elegant figure.&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_9_9" href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a> They are extremely fierce and savage,
+frequently at war&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_10_10" href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a> with each other and are addicted
+to the horrid practice of eating their enemies
+when killed in battle.&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_11_11" href="#Footnote_11_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_20">[20]</span></p>
+
+<p>On the 10th of October, 1829, we arrived among
+the group and passed Turtle Island,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_12_12" href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a> the southernmost
+of the cluster, steering to the northward intending
+to anchor in Miamboo Bay, which lay
+about 100 miles distant, where we expected to commence
+trading for our cargo. We continued sailing
+through the passages between the islands (which by
+reason of the imperfection of our chart, and the islands
+being improperly surveyed, was rendered extremely
+dangerous and difficult), until the 18th of
+the month, when we started from an island (under
+the lee of which we had to lay by through the night,
+it being too difficult to proceed till daylight) and
+steered for the passage through a very large reef of
+coral.</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp48" id="i_020" style="max-width: 70.375em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_020.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      FIJIAN MEN
+      <p>From a photograph made in 1898.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+<p>At 11 A.&nbsp;M. we found our ship safe through the
+reef but in a very dangerous situation being surrounded
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_21">[21]</span>
+by sunken rocks and shoals. We continued
+sailing for the Bay which was about 40 miles distant,
+avoiding the rocks as soon as they could be
+seen, until 1.30 P.&nbsp;M. when a rock was seen directly
+ahead of the ship. Every effort was made to avoid
+the danger but it proved of no avail and she immediately
+struck on her larboard bow about 12
+miles from the Bay. We lay’d the sails aback and
+she went off when we sounded the pumps and found
+she leak’d 1400 strokes per hour.</p>
+
+<p>After getting clear of the rocks we anchored with
+the stream and sent the boat well arm’d to examine
+the Bay. The boat returned in the evening and at
+daylight we proceeded to get the anchor up but
+found it impossible without great danger to the ship.
+Accordingly the cable was cut and at meridian we
+arrived in Miamboo Bay, Oct. 19th, 1829, Civil Account.&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_13_13" href="#Footnote_13_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a></p>
+
+<p>On examining the leak we found the keel split
+badly and the ship injured so much as it would become
+necessary to repair her before we could prosecute
+our voyage, but we found no place where we
+could heave her down or haul her on shore with
+safety. Having understood from the natives that
+there was another vessel at a place 90 miles distant,
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_22">[22]</span>
+called Bow,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_14_14" href="#Footnote_14_14" class="fnanchor">[14]</a> we dispatched a boat to procure assistance
+and also any information that would be of
+service to us in our unfortunate situation.</p>
+
+<p>Meanwhile we proceeded to stop the leak, as well
+as circumstances would permit, until the 20th, when
+to our great joy we discovered a sail standing for
+the Bay. At 5 P.&nbsp;M. she anchored and proved to be
+the brig <i>Quill</i>&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_15_15" href="#Footnote_15_15" class="fnanchor">[15]</a> of Salem, Capt. J. Kinsman, from
+the Island of Bow. They informed us of the danger
+of our boat from the natives when another boat was
+immediately dispatched in charge of the first officer&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_16_16" href="#Footnote_16_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a>
+of the <i>Quill</i>, to find the other boat. Oct. 23rd,
+both boats arrived safe.</p>
+
+<p>Finding it impossible to repair the ship on the
+shore it was determined to construct a raft from the
+ship’s spars and the lumber in the ship and to heave
+the ship down in the Bay, to the raft, Capt. Kinsman
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_23">[23]</span>
+kindly offering us his assistance and protection
+from the natives.</p>
+
+<p>Got underweigh on October 22nd and anchored
+near to the brig where we commenced transhipping
+our cargo, stores, provisions, etc., on board of the
+brig. After this was accomplish’d we proceeded to
+strip the ship and construct the raft with the spars,
+etc. We had an interview with the principal Chief of
+the Island, on Oct. 25th, and purchased some cocoanut
+trees of him for our raft by means of which, on
+the 1st of November, we completed it to our satisfaction.
+After securing and preparing the ship we
+attempted to heave her down but found no rope in
+either vessel of sufficient strength. The next day,
+however, we succeeded in making a rope and hove
+the ship keel out and found the stem started over to
+starboard, the wood-ends started considerably, the
+keel split, etc.</p>
+
+<p>As it was impossible to right the stem in our present
+circumstances, it was determined to secure it as
+it was by means of iron clamps, which the armourers
+of both vessels proceeded to make on board of
+the brig, and to stop the leak as much as possible
+with wedges, sheathing and tar.</p>
+
+<p>On Nov. 9th, 1829, we received a visit from Capt.
+Maurice of the brig <i>Morliana</i> of Woaho,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_17_17" href="#Footnote_17_17" class="fnanchor">[17]</a> lying
+about 60 miles distance.</p>
+
+<p>On the 19th of November, after much trouble and
+after surmounting many difficulties we succeeded in
+finishing the repairs and when we righted the ship,
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_24">[24]</span>
+found we had stopped the leak. We also found that
+two of our New Zealanders had run away from us
+and gone to live with the Fegee natives. In the
+meantime the brig <i>Quill</i> had commenced curing
+beche-le-mer.</p>
+
+<p>By the 24th we had succeeded in getting all our
+cargo, provisions, ballast, etc., on board and commenced
+rigging the ship. The Captain then contracted
+with one of the principal Chiefs to build
+three houses on shore for the purpose of curing
+beche-le-mer at a place called Sub-a-Sub, and on the
+9th of December, the first and third officers, with 10
+men, went on shore, the houses having been completed,
+and commenced purchasing beche-le-mer of
+the natives.</p>
+
+<p>The beche-le-mer&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_18_18" href="#Footnote_18_18" class="fnanchor">[18]</a> is a sort of animal found on
+the sandy reefs, which very much resembles a leech
+or blood-sucker in shape, but is much larger. They
+are supposed to get their sustenance from the slime,
+which collects on the reefs and shoals so numerous
+among these islands. The natives obtain them by
+going onto the reefs when the tide is low, collecting
+them in baskets made for the purpose from the
+leaves of the cocoanut tree. They brought them on
+to the beach near to our house where we purchased
+them. We then carried the fish into the pot-house
+and boiled them; then into the drying-house where
+they were dried by means of fire. When they are
+considered as cured they are much reduced in size
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_25">[25]</span>
+and very hard, but when stowed in the ship they
+soon become more soft and very much resemble India
+rubber.</p>
+
+<p>We employed great numbers of the natives, frequently
+upwards of 80 canoes averaging 10 men
+each, besides great numbers on shore procuring
+wood (of which we used great quantities) and assisting
+us in curing the cargo. The principal articles
+of trade were muskets, ammunition, whales’ teeth,
+iron tools, beads and ornaments. Tortoise shell and
+sandalwood we also purchased of the natives. The
+turtles they catch with large nets made of the fibres
+of the cocoanut husk in the making of which they
+are very expert.</p>
+
+<p>On the 10th of December we got underweigh and
+ran in towards the shore near to our fish houses and
+proceeded to finish rigging the ship and repairing
+damages. After three or four days, finding it difficult
+to proceed from our unacquaintance with their
+language, we shipped an interpreter&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_19_19" href="#Footnote_19_19" class="fnanchor">[19]</a> from the brig
+<i>Quill</i>, also a number of seamen who were acquainted
+with the method of curing the fish. We also purchased
+the kettle of Capt. Kinsman (ours being too
+small to make any progress) and proceeded to purchase
+the fish of the natives again.</p>
+
+<p>On the 21st the brig <i>Quill</i> sailed for Manilla,
+having on board about 800 piculs&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_20_20" href="#Footnote_20_20" class="fnanchor">[20]</a> of beche-le-mer,
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_26">[26]</span>
+tortoise shell, etc. She returned on the 23rd, in consequence
+of a head-wind, but sailed again on the
+first of January.</p>
+
+<p>Jan. 11th, 1830, Seth Richardson died on board
+the ship. He belonged to Salem and had been complaining
+nearly all the voyage.</p>
+
+<p>We continued curing beche-le-mer on shore, while
+those on board were putting the ship in order and
+nothing particular occurred until the 30th of January
+when the natives on shore maliciously set fire
+to our houses and destroyed 60 piculs of beche-le-mer,
+trade, clothes, etc., and the men with difficulty
+got on board the ship, at midnight. The next morning
+we discovered they had broken our kettles for
+the purpose of getting the wrought iron. We found
+their principal object in setting fire to our houses
+was plunder and we immediately sent for the King&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_21_21" href="#Footnote_21_21" class="fnanchor">[21]</a>
+or principal Chief of the Bay. He came on board
+and informed us that our houses, being built by an
+inferior Chief, were more liable to be troubled by
+the natives. He advised us to use the houses that
+were employed by the brig <i>Quill</i>, as he built them
+himself, and he being the King of the Island and
+Bay, the natives would not dare to trouble them.
+On the 2nd of February we commenced curing fish
+in the houses of the King, the blacksmith having
+mended the kettles.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_27">[27]</span></p>
+
+<p>On the 10th, as the beche-le-mer began to grow
+scarce on the reefs, it was determined on the advice
+of the King to go to another bay, about 40 miles distant
+and build new houses and employ the natives
+in that place. On February 19th, the launch, in
+charge of the 1st officer, was sent round to the Bay
+with 10 men to prepare for curing the fish and two
+days later, having taken on board all the things
+from the shore, we got underweigh and stood out of
+the Bay of Miamboo.</p>
+
+<p>On the 23rd, we arrived safe in the bay called
+Aloa by the natives, and found the King with his
+men had completed the houses and were all prepared
+to prosecute the business of purchasing and
+curing the beche-le-mer. Here we continued to cure
+fish without any interruption till March 23rd, when
+the interpreter was dispatched about 90 miles to a
+place call’d Baratta to purchase hogs, with the
+Chief of that place.</p>
+
+<p>We found on April 9th that we had upwards of
+1000 piculs beche-le-mer, 350 pounds tortoise shell
+and some sandalwood, so we settled with the natives
+and burnt our houses&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_22_22" href="#Footnote_22_22" class="fnanchor">[22]</a> and put the ship in readiness
+to go to sea. Four days later the interpreter arrived,
+bringing 90 hogs, and informed us that the
+ship <i>Clay</i>,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_23_23" href="#Footnote_23_23" class="fnanchor">[23]</a> Capt. Millet, of Salem, was at Bow and
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_28">[28]</span>
+had brought letters from our friends which the interpreter
+delivered to us.</p>
+
+<p>On April 15th, 1830, we got underweigh and
+stood out of the bay of Aloa bound to Manilla. After
+passing through the inner reef and thinking ourselves
+safe at sea, we observed a very large coral
+reef with no passage through it and it being near
+night and the weather unfavourable, we immediately
+tacked and endeavoured to gain the harbour we
+had left; but finding it impossible, anchored outside,
+near a small island&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_24_24" href="#Footnote_24_24" class="fnanchor">[24]</a> with coral reefs and
+breakers all around us. The wind increased through
+the night to a violent gale obliging us to get our topmast
+down and pay out all on both cables. It continued
+to blow very hard for four days, the ship being
+in a very dangerous situation with a large coral
+reef only two cables length astern. Fortunately, on
+the 20th, it moderated and we got our masts on end
+and got underweigh and on the 22nd arrived safe in
+Miamboo Bay where we lay till the 25th waiting for
+a favourable wind to go to sea.</p>
+
+<p>On the 25th of April, 1830, we again got underweigh
+and succeeded in passing out through the
+passages to sea and steered direct for Manilla. We
+had a tolerable passage and in fifty days saw the
+island of Samar at the entrance of the Strait of St.
+Bernadina and passing it proceeded through the
+Strait and on the 22nd June anchored in the Bay of
+Manilla, off Caviter, about nine miles from the city.
+We found here one American ship and a number of
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_29">[29]</span>
+English&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_25_25" href="#Footnote_25_25" class="fnanchor">[25]</a> and Spanish vessels. Got underweigh on
+June 27th and ran up to the city with the ship for
+the purpose of discharging our cargo, which was
+sold to Chinese merchants as the beche-le-mer
+forms an article of food and is eaten by the principal
+Chinese.</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp100" id="i_029" style="max-width: 103.75em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_029.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      SHIP ANN ALEXANDER OF NEW BEDFORD
+      <p>From a water-color in the possession of the Old Dartmouth Historical Society, New Bedford.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+<p>After having discharged the cargo and taken in a
+sufficient quantity of ballast, we shipp’d 8 Manilla
+sailors and put the ship in order for another voyage
+to the Fegees, taking on board some stores, and on
+the 17th of July we got underweigh and stood out
+of the Bay, intending to touch at the Sandwich Islands
+for the purpose of procuring water and fresh
+stock. On the 22nd, having passed through the
+Strait of St. Bernadino, we steered to the eastward
+and soon lost sight of the land. We had a tedious
+passage (though the weather was mild and pleasant)
+owing to the light winds which prevailed for
+most of the time. On the 16th of August we saw the
+Caroline Islands and on the 18th the Ladrone Isles.
+[On the 1st of Sept. spoke the ship “Zeneas Coffin,”&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_26_26" href="#Footnote_26_26" class="fnanchor">[26]</a>
+Capt. Joy of Nantucket on a cruise. On the 4th saw
+a number of whales and other smaller fish. On the
+22nd was boarded by a boat from the whale-ship
+“Ann Alexander”&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_27_27" href="#Footnote_27_27" class="fnanchor">[27]</a> of New Bedford, Capt. Howland,
+on a cruise. On the 3rd of Oct. spoke ship
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_30">[30]</span>“Hector,”&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_28_28" href="#Footnote_28_28" class="fnanchor">[28]</a> Capt. Morse, of New Bedford, cruising
+for whales.—<i>From Log Book.</i>] After a passage of
+84 days arrived at the Sandwich Islands, and on the
+9th of Oct. anchored in Mowee Roads.&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_29_29" href="#Footnote_29_29" class="fnanchor">[29]</a> Found in
+this place one whale-ship&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_30_30" href="#Footnote_30_30" class="fnanchor">[30]</a> and a number of small
+schooners.</p>
+
+<p>We immediately commenced getting our water
+and purchasing goats and vegetables for the use of
+the ship’s company. Many of the natives came on
+board and appeared very civil. The American Mission
+appeared to be in a very flourishing condition.
+A new church&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_31_31" href="#Footnote_31_31" class="fnanchor">[31]</a> nearly finished we observed and the
+missionaries appeared to have succeeded very well
+in reforming and civilizing the natives. We found
+this a most excellent place for watering and for procuring
+vegetables and fresh stock, etc., which we
+purchased very, very cheap for iron tools, etc.</p>
+
+<p>On the 15th of October after having taken a sufficient
+supply of water, stock, etc., we sailed, steering
+to the southward, bound to the Fegees. We experienced
+fine weather and a regular trade wind and
+on the 6th of Novr. saw an island supposed to be
+Penrhyn’s Island,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_32_32" href="#Footnote_32_32" class="fnanchor">[32]</a> which the Captain intended to
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_31">[31]</span>
+touch at for the purpose of procuring some grass for
+our live stock if possible. At 5 P.&nbsp;M. we were near
+to the shore when the natives came off in great
+numbers and appeared perfectly savage and fierce,
+hallowing and shaking their spears.</p>
+
+<p>The Captain had given orders for every man on
+board to arm himself and prepare to resist them
+should they attempt to attack us. We endeavoured
+to trade with them and had succeeded in purchasing
+some cocoanuts when the Captain, in endeavouring
+to persuade one of the natives to come on
+board, another native fired his spear at the Captain
+and slightly wounded him in the neck. He immediately
+gave orders to fire at them which was accordingly
+done and 7 or 8 of the natives were killed. We
+immediately fill’d our sails and stood on our course
+leaving the natives to bewail the visit of civilized
+people to their uncivilized shores.</p>
+
+<p>Passed the Tonga Islands on Novr. 16th and on
+the 18th saw Turtle Island, the southernmost of the
+Fegee Group. We passed through the passages between
+the island and on the 24th of Nov. anchored
+off Ovalou,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_33_33" href="#Footnote_33_33" class="fnanchor">[33]</a> an island about 25 miles from Bow,
+the principal town of the Fegee Islands, where the
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_32">[32]</span>
+King of the whole group resides. Here the 1st Officer
+and interpreter left the ship for Bow to have an
+interview with the King [Tanoa] and on the 26th
+he came on board in a very large double canoe with
+some of his principal warriors and two of his wives.
+The Captain purchased some tortoise shell of him
+and contracted with him for 2 large houses on an
+island a short distance from Bow where, on the 1st
+Dec., we commenced curing beche-le-mer. The interpreter
+and the Manilla men were employed on
+shore with a number of English sailors which we
+hired for the purpose, but finding the beche-le-mer
+very scarce and the natives not well disposed towards
+us it was determined to remove from this
+place and endeavour to find some better place for
+procuring a second cargo.</p>
+
+<p>Before we could get away a violent gale came on
+from the northward, on the 16th of Dec. and as our
+ship lay in an open roadstead, her situation became
+dangerous and beginning to drift and the reefs but
+a short distance astern, we let go both of our lower
+anchors and got our top-gall-masts down. The gale
+increased to such violence that our chain cable soon
+parted and the stream,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_34_34" href="#Footnote_34_34" class="fnanchor">[34]</a> being the only anchor we
+had left on board, was immediately let go. That in
+a short time parted also and the ship drifted within
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_33">[33]</span>
+a cable length of the breakers, the sea running
+very high at the time. Our sheet cable still held on
+and the gale moderating considerable we rode out
+the gale until the next morning when the cable parted
+and we drove on to the reef before sail could be
+made on the ship. Fortunately for us the wind shifting
+suddenly and blowing off shore we were able to
+clear the rocks without doing the ship any injury.</p>
+
+<p>We made all sail and after passing out to sea
+through the reefs we steered over towards the island
+of Somer-Some,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_35_35" href="#Footnote_35_35" class="fnanchor">[35]</a> intending to purchase of the natives
+the cables and anchors of the brig <i>Fawn</i>&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_36_36" href="#Footnote_36_36" class="fnanchor">[36]</a> lately
+shipwrecked there, as we were wholly destitute of
+cables or anchors and it would be impossible to
+prosecute the voyage without a new supply.</p>
+
+<p>Arriving at Somer-Some, on the 19th Dec. we
+succeeded in procuring 3 anchors and 2 chain cables
+which formerly belonged to the brig <i>Fawn</i> and
+also some rigging, and proceeded towards the island
+of Ovalou again to procure our anchors if possible
+and get our things from the shore.</p>
+
+<p>On the 25th we anchored in the same place where
+we lost the anchors, but found it impossible to regain
+them so the boat was sent on shore to procure
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_34">[34]</span>
+stocks for the anchors we had on board. The next
+day, while the carpenter was employed in cutting
+the anchor stocks and the men were guarding him
+from the natives, whom we were suspicious of from
+their appearance, they rushed down from the mountains
+and attacked our men who immediately fled
+to the boat and succeeded in reaching it, excepting
+two men belonging to Salem, Edmund Knight&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_37_37" href="#Footnote_37_37" class="fnanchor">[37]</a> and
+Joshua B. Derby, whom the natives killed with
+their clubs, the latter having previously shot the
+Chief of the tribe. They took the muskets and
+stripped the dead bodies of our unfortunate men,
+those in the boat not being able to prevent them.
+Hearing the tumult in the ship, another boat was
+dispatched, armed completely, and succeeded in
+getting the bodies which we buried on shore. We
+soon learned the natives intended to attack the ship
+and immediately got our things on board and prepared
+the ship for sea. We got underweigh on the
+29th Dec. and stood out through the reefs to sea and
+steered towards Miamboo Bay, where we anchored
+on the 31st and the 1st and 3rd officers landed for
+the purpose of passing over the mountains to Aloa
+Bay, to contract with the King (our friend of the
+former voyage) while the ship proceeded round to
+the Bay.</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp45" id="i_034" style="max-width: 66.375em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_034.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      FIJIAN WAR CLUBS
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+<div class='poetry-container'>
+  <div class='poetry'>
+  <div class='stanza'>
+  <div class='verse'>1. Collected by Capt. Benjamin Vanderford in 1823</div>
+  <div class='verse'>2, 3, 4. Collected by Capt. Charles Millett in 1832</div>
+  <div class='verse'>5. Collected by Capt. William H. Brown in 1834</div>
+</div></div></div>
+      <p class='center fs95'>Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem</p>
+
+<p class='mt1'>On the 1st Jan., 1831, the ship arrived in Aloa
+Bay and anchored near the place where our houses
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_35">[35]</span>
+were building, the officers having contracted with
+the Chief. On the 13th, the house being completed,
+we commenced curing beche-le-mer. The 1st officer,
+interpreter and ten men stayed on shore and the rest
+of the ship’s company commenced repairing the rigging
+which was found to be in a very bad condition.
+The head of our main-mast was rotted nearly off
+and after much trouble and delay a tree was found
+of sufficient size for a fish,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_38_38" href="#Footnote_38_38" class="fnanchor">[38]</a> which was purchased of
+the natives. On the 27th we completed our mast and
+having refitted the rigging as well as circumstances
+would permit we prepared to receive our cargo, hoping
+to be able to prosecute our voyage without more
+delay which from a succession of misfortunes and
+accidents had been long protracted and was rendered
+extremely tedious and thus far unprofitable.</p>
+
+<p>But we found our troubles were far from being at
+an end for on the 29th we found our principal house
+on fire which was burnt together with 100 piculs of
+beche-le-mer, some trade, etc. Another delay was
+unavoidable, but with the assistance of the King
+and other Chiefs, another house was soon completed
+and on the 4th of February we commenced
+fishing again.</p>
+
+<p>We continued to cure beche-le-mer until the 13th
+with but little success, when the natives attempted
+to burn our houses again and appeared disposed to
+attack the men on shore if an opportunity offered.
+The Chiefs also seemed disposed to countenance
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_36">[36]</span>
+their tribes in their designs. We immediately
+manned and armed the boats and sent them on
+shore for the protection of our property and the
+men. In the morning, a slight attack was made by
+the natives on our people, but they were defeated
+without any loss on our side. As we killed a number
+of them and they perceived the superiority of our
+muskets over their weapons, they retreated into the
+woods. We got our things on board without any molestation
+from the natives and immediately put the
+ship in readiness for sea.</p>
+
+<p>Finding it impossible to procure a cargo in this
+place we burnt the houses and got underweigh and
+stood out of the bay intending to proceed to Mutt-Water,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_39_39" href="#Footnote_39_39" class="fnanchor">[39]</a>
+a town and bay on the north end of the island,
+where we arrived on the 17th and anchored
+near the shore about a musket-shot distance from
+the principal chief’s town. We immediately had an
+interview with the Chief and agreed with him to
+furnish houses for the purpose of curing beche-le-mer,
+the Chiefs agreeing to furnish canoes and men
+to man them, the 2nd Chief of the place, who was
+much loved and respected by the natives, agreeing
+to stay on board the ship, as a hostage for our men
+and property on shore. By the 21st of February the
+house was completed and we commenced purchasing
+and curing beche-le-mer.</p>
+
+<p>We continued curing the fish and nothing particular
+occurred until the 22nd March, 1831, by which
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_37">[37]</span>
+time we had procured about 500 piculs of beche-le-mer
+and 300 pounds of tortoise shell. An accident
+then befell us which not only ruined our voyage but
+by which we lost all our property and were cast on
+the mercy of savages whose fierceness and ferocity
+are not equalled on the South Seas.</p>
+
+<p>Our ship lay in a channel between a small island
+and the north end of the island of Tackanova&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_40_40" href="#Footnote_40_40" class="fnanchor">[40]</a> on
+which was the town and our beche-le-mer establishment
+at a short distance from the ship. The 1st officer,
+three of the crew, the Manilla men and several
+English sailors, whom we employed, were on shore
+curing beche-le-mer, when an <i>excessive hard gale</i>
+came on from E. S.&nbsp;E. about 8 P.&nbsp;M. on the 21st. At
+ten, all hands were call’d and the sheet anchor let
+go, but as the other cable was payed all out it could
+bring no strain until the ship began to drift. It continuing
+to blow very hard and every appearance of a
+hard gale coming, we proceeded to get our yards and
+masts down and at 3 P.&nbsp;M. having got the top-gall-masts
+and main-top-masts down we found the ship
+drifting and immediately let go the small chain-anchors,
+one of which was back’d with the ship’s
+kedge, and payed out a long scope on all the cables.
+We also got down the fore-top-masts and lower
+yards. At 9.30, the wind increasing and the ship
+having drifted so far as to be exposed to the sea,
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_38">[38]</span>
+which had now become very high and confused, we
+payed out the bitter end&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_41_41" href="#Footnote_41_41" class="fnanchor">[41]</a> of all the cables.</p>
+
+<p>At 10 A.&nbsp;M. we perceived by the land, which could
+only be seen at intervals, that the ship had drifted 7
+or 8 miles along the coast and was in a most dangerous
+situation, the current setting against us and
+the wind having increased to a hurricane, the sea
+running very high. Breakers were all round us and
+there seemed but little chance to save the ship, so
+we cut away the lower masts and with them went
+almost every moveable thing from the deck. The
+breakers were soon seen astern and at about 11 A.
+M. the ship struck on the shore reef, having drifted
+10 miles from her anchorage. The sea soon drove
+her upon the reef where she bilged and fell over on
+her side, heeling in towards the land and protecting
+us from the sea which beat against her with great
+violence.</p>
+
+<p>We were fortunate in having a chief&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_42_42" href="#Footnote_42_42" class="fnanchor">[42]</a> on board of
+considerable influence with the natives, who advised
+us to land if possible and proceed to the town,
+as the mountaineers would come on board for plunder
+and would not scruple to take our lives which
+he could not possibly prevent. Accordingly the ship
+was delivered to the chief and we proceeded to clear
+away the boats. Our launch went adrift and was lost
+in the beginning of the gale and when we lowered a
+quarter boat it immediately went to pieces. In the
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_39">[39]</span>
+two left, we, after much difficulty and danger, succeeded
+in reaching the shore in safety with no property
+but our clothes.</p>
+
+<p>We soon met with a party of mountaineers, exceedingly
+fierce, who robbed us of our clothes, hardly
+leaving each one with a single garment, it not being
+in our power to prevent them, and leaving us
+exposed naked to the storm, without any shelter and
+perfectly ignorant of the road to the King’s town,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_43_43" href="#Footnote_43_43" class="fnanchor">[43]</a>
+nor would any one of them be prevailed upon to
+show us the way. The savages soon left us and we
+proceeded on our way towards the town but from
+our ignorance of the right paths and the fury of the
+storm, our travelling was rendered exceedingly difficult
+and tiresome. The next morning, however, we
+found ourselves all safe in the King’s town. The
+King&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_44_44" href="#Footnote_44_44" class="fnanchor">[44]</a> and all the principal inhabitants had gone
+aboard the ship and the five that remained gave us
+the largest house where, without provisions of any
+kind and knowing our fate would not be determined
+until the arrival of the King and his men, we were
+forced to wait in a painful suspense two days.</p>
+
+<p>After the gale had abated, the King came up from
+the ship, having plundered her of everything except
+the salt provisions and bread, and after a consultation
+with his priests and warriors, he proclaimed
+that our lives should be spared, that houses should
+be prepared for us and that we might be permitted
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_40">[40]</span>
+to secure what provisions from the ship we could.
+After hearing this law passed by the King and feeling
+confident it would be violated on no account,
+without his orders, our minds were greatly relieved
+and our spirits, which had been greatly depressed
+with our misfortunes, rose high with the hope of
+once more seeing our native country and leaving
+these savage shores where we had experienced, from
+the time we first arrived among them, so much trouble
+and so many misfortunes.</p>
+
+<p>The King having lent us one of his large canoes,
+with which and our small boat (the only one sav’d
+from the wreck) we proceeded down to the ship for
+provisions. We found the natives greatly excited
+with their prize. The chief, however (who was on
+board when we struck), received us very well and
+gave us permission to take anything we pleased;
+but the natives had destroyed almost everything
+they had not carried off. Every part of her was ransacked
+and torn to pieces; the hull cut and hacked
+for the purpose of getting the iron work, and with
+pain we saw our unfortunate ship in a most wretched
+and miserable condition and with no hope of
+leaving the country till some vessel arrived.</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp100" id="i_040" style="max-width: 85.875em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_040.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      FIJIAN HOUSE
+      <p>From a photograph made in 1898.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+<p>We succeeded in getting 14 pounds of salt meat,
+a few casks of bread and some other little articles
+and returned to the town. The King prepared his
+largest church&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_45_45" href="#Footnote_45_45" class="fnanchor">[45]</a> for us to live in and a small house
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_41">[41]</span>
+for our provisions; gave us some cooking utensils
+and we made arrangements for our comfort and
+prepared to wait patiently until some relief came to
+us.</p>
+
+<p>Having understood that there was another vessel
+among the group previous to our misfortune, it
+was determined by the captain, with the consent of
+the King, to proceed in the boat, with a crew, up to
+the Island of Bow, about 90 miles distant, to learn the
+fate of the vessel and if he found her safe to request
+the captain to come to our relief. Accordingly, on
+the 28th March, having fitted sails for the boat,
+layed in stores and ammunition, the captain, left
+us and proceeded on his voyage.</p>
+
+<p>The King supplied us with yams and gave us a
+number of presents of clothes, and we continued to
+live on the most friendly terms with the natives. We
+were tolerably acquainted with their language and
+from a long acquaintance with them we were soon
+able to conform in some degree to the customs and
+manners. We found our King was the sovereign
+over a large part of the island of Tackanova (the
+second largest of the Group) and a number of smaller
+islands over which he reigned with an absolute
+sway. But he was subject to the King of Bow who
+was the great sovereign of the whole group.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_42">[42]</span></p>
+
+<p>The natives of these islands are remarkable from
+the other natives in these seas, not only from their
+extreme savage dispositions and eagerness to kill
+and eat their enemies, but from the dark colour of
+their skins and the manner in which they dress their
+hair. They allow it to grow at full length, when it is
+made very stiff by applying a mixture made of the
+ashes of burnt coral and then dyed in various colours;
+the grown people having it always black,
+when they pick it up into many curious shapes and
+being very thick and bushy their heads present a
+very singular and frightful appearance. Their bodies
+are nearly naked, with no covering except a piece of
+cloth made from the bark of a tree, wrapped around
+the waist; though they oil themselves with cocoanut
+oil which serves to protect their bodies from the
+rays of the sun and renders the skin soft and pliable.</p>
+
+<p>The females wear a covering made of a sort of
+grass which is curiously interwoven and being of
+different colours presents a handsome appearance.
+Their bodies are oiled and their hair dressed the
+same as the men. Both sexes always lie with their
+necks resting on a stick so as not to injure the shape
+of their hair. The females, although at the complete
+disposal of the men, are not treated with great severity.
+They assist in tilling the ground, fishing and
+cooking; though a great part of their time is spent
+in fixing their hair. They display considerable ingenuity
+in making earthen-pots (which much resemble
+ours) and in making cloth nets.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_43">[43]</span></p>
+
+<p>The men of whatever rank are learnt the art of
+war and always carry their arms with them wherever
+they go. They are very ingenious in the construction
+of their houses and their war-weapons, but
+in particular in their canoes. Their houses are much
+like a one-story house in our country (but without
+windows) in their shape. They are framed of the
+limbs of trees seized together with a kind of sennet&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_46_46" href="#Footnote_46_46" class="fnanchor">[46]</a>
+made of the fibres of the cocoanut husk plaited together.
+On these are fastened small reeds and on
+them are secured the thatch with which the house is
+covered.</p>
+
+<p>Their double canoes are formed of two single ones
+secured together by large timbers on which a platform
+is built and on which the sail is set and the natives
+stand. Single canoes have an outrigger and a
+platform built on the single canoe on which the sail
+is set. They commence building first by hollowing
+out the trunk of a tree, when planks are hew’d and
+seized on until it is of sufficient size, secured by timbers
+very much resembling those in a ship. The sail
+is made of mats, the rope of a kind of bark, and is so
+constructed as to be turned either way without the
+necessity of turning the canoe round when tacking
+at sea. The canoes are all fitted to sail either end
+first. They are sometimes very large containing
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_44">[44]</span>
+room for 4 or 5 hundred persons&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_47_47" href="#Footnote_47_47" class="fnanchor">[47]</a> and nearly as
+long as a ship. They sail remarkably fast and the
+natives are very expert in the management of them
+and as the natives all go arm’d, from their savage
+dress they present a very formidable appearance.</p>
+
+<p>The natives of these islands believe in a Great
+Spirit whom they think lives in the sky and who
+made all things. In every town there are a number
+of priests whom the natives think are endowed with
+divine powers by the Great Spirit with whom he
+sometimes converses and informs them how to direct
+the people. These priests have great influence
+with the chiefs in declaring war and managing the
+affairs of the nation.</p>
+
+<p>The principal amusements consisted in a kind of
+dance, singing songs relating to the war exploits and
+fishing expeditions, performing warlike manœuvres,
+and in drinking the ava&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_48_48" href="#Footnote_48_48" class="fnanchor">[48]</a> extracted from the ava-root,
+of which they are immoderately fond.</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp87" id="i_044" style="max-width: 71.25em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_044.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      MODEL OF A FIJIAN DOUBLE CANOE
+      <p>Brought to the United States in 1856 by Capt. Thomas C. Dunn, while
+    on the bark <i>Dragon</i> of Salem. Now in the Peabody
+    Museum of Salem.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+<p>A ceremony of this kind was performed almost
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_45">[45]</span>
+every morning at the King’s or one of the principal
+chief’s house and we always had an invitation to
+attend. A large bowl was prepared in which the cava
+or ava was put and mixed with water, when it forms
+a liquor which has much the same effect on a person
+as opium. The company sit round in a circle,
+the bowl in the centre, and while it is preparing,
+they all sing songs relating to some enterprise that
+is intended or perhaps past, the King having first
+invoked the Great Spirit to bless the liquor, the people
+all answering with a word which is equivalent to
+our amen. It was then carried round in cocoanut
+shells, the King drinking first, and so on according
+to the rank, though we always had the honour to
+drink next to the King. They always give a toast
+before drinking, frequently wishing the Great Spirit
+to bless us with a safe arrival to our country; sometimes
+that he might bless them with a great plenty
+of yams or fish.</p>
+
+<p>We continued to live on good terms of friendship
+with the natives, which was much increased by our
+assisting them in repairing and learning them the
+use of the muskets and other weapons of which a
+great many fell into their hands. We always met
+with a welcome reception when we visited their
+houses and frequently received small presents of
+clothes, etc., for the work we did for them, so our
+situation became quite comfortable, although we
+could hardly suppress our feelings, to see our property
+and clothes destroyed, nor reflect on the great
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_46">[46]</span>
+distance we were from our homes and friends and
+the future prospects, without pain and anxiety.</p>
+
+<p>About the last of April, 1831, the king fitted out
+an expedition of thirty large canoes to go to a place
+about 50 miles distant to procure certain tribute of
+the mountaineers which he obliged them to pay him.
+The King and all the principal warriors, with the
+women and ourselves, started in the canoes and in
+two days arrived at the place where we were to meet
+the mountaineers with the tribute. It was on a beautiful
+plain where houses were built for the King and
+the chiefs with their families.</p>
+
+<p>After the King and chiefs were seated in the
+houses, a party of the women of the mountains
+marched out in front of our King, fancifully dress’d
+with flowers and strips of bark of various colours,
+each having a fish-net of superior workmanship and
+each bearing in her hand a sort of fan, with which
+they beat time to a sort of solemn tune which they
+sung. After performing a number of dances before
+the King, they divested themselves of their ornaments
+and nets which became the property of our
+women, and marched off followed by the shouts and
+praises of all our party.</p>
+
+<p>A party of the men then presented themselves
+dressed with a large quantity of curiously-coloured
+cloth&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_49_49" href="#Footnote_49_49" class="fnanchor">[49]</a> and after performing various dances and
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_47">[47]</span>
+manœuvres and leaving their dresses for the men of
+our party, they marched for the mountains having
+likewise received the King’s approbation and our
+shouts and expressions of admiration.</p>
+
+<p>The tribute was now examined by the King’s
+command. It consisted of 280 hogs, vast quantities
+of yams, cava-root, etc., on which the High-Priest
+of our nation envoked the Great Spirit for his approbation
+of the tribute. The priest, after a ceremony
+of twirling a cocoanut round two or three
+times, pronounced that it was very Good, and that
+it would be proper to have a feast of pork and yams,
+drink cava, etc. The King then gave orders for a
+certain number of hogs to be killed, the rest to be
+divided, and the cava got ready and as we had had
+nothing to eat for some days we all joined in obeying
+orders. Each one of the party, ourselves not excepted,
+received a portion of the provisions and
+while the King drank his cava, the people prepared
+the feast.</p>
+
+<p>The King gave the mountaineers a few presents
+and a specimen of his eloquence in which he informed
+them that as the ship cast away on his
+shores had rendered him very powerful, he should
+expect a larger tribute the next year, giving them to
+understand he should be ready to use forcible means
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_48">[48]</span>
+if it became necessary. With this, the chief took his
+leave of us and we commenced, according to the advice
+of the priest, to eat. At night we repaired to the
+canoes with the tribute and on the next morning
+started for the town where on the 20th of April we
+arrived.</p>
+
+<p>On our return, the 2nd officer of the ship, with the
+carpenter and a number of the crew, left in a canoe
+to go to Bow, having understood by the natives that
+a vessel was lost in the same gale that had wrecked
+our ship and that the Captain and crew resided
+there. We found the natives of another town, enemies
+to the King, had set fire to the <i>Glide</i> and she
+had burnt nearly up.</p>
+
+<p>The 2nd chief, to whom the ship had been delivered,
+when we abandon’d her, was now taken sick
+and the priest continued to howl through the night
+for his recovery. On our asking the reason of such
+proceedings they told us that the priest was angry
+because a sufficient sacrifice of pigs had not been
+made and that the Great Spirit had caused a sickness
+to afflict the greatest warrior. A number of hogs
+were immediately killed and buried and numbers of
+the friends of the chief’s cut off a finger or toe&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_50_50" href="#Footnote_50_50" class="fnanchor">[50]</a> to
+satisfy the Great Spirit.</p>
+
+<p>We learn’d that it was the custom to cut off their
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_49">[49]</span>
+fingers or toes on the death of their friends or on the
+sickness of their chiefs. We saw a number of very
+aged people who had become feeble and infirm, call
+round their friends and bid them farewell and then
+allow themselves to be strangled and buried without
+showing any signs of fear for the future or regret
+for leaving the past.</p>
+
+<p>On the 6th of May we received a letter which
+was written previous to the gale, from which we
+learned that the vessel lost at Bow was the brig <i>Niagara</i>,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_51_51" href="#Footnote_51_51" class="fnanchor">[51]</a>
+Capt. Nathaniel Brown, and that she was
+from Salem.</p>
+
+<p>Nothing particular occurred until the 22nd of
+May, 1831, when a sail was seen standing for the
+anchorage at 5 P.&nbsp;M. At sundown we were on board
+and she proved to be the schooner <i>Harriet</i>, Capt.
+Young, from the Sandwich Islands and last from
+Wallis Island. They took us all on board the schooner
+and after procuring the cables, anchors, etc., of
+our ship we proceeded for Bow.</p>
+
+<p>On the 9th of June, we arriv’d off Averlon and
+found there the bark <i>Peru</i>,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_52_52" href="#Footnote_52_52" class="fnanchor">[52]</a> Capt. Egleston, of and
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_50">[50]</span>
+from Salem. Captain Egleston took Capt. Archer,
+Mr. Burnham and the remainder of our crew on
+board; likewise the Captains Brown and Vanderford&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_53_53" href="#Footnote_53_53" class="fnanchor">[53]</a>
+of the <i>Niagara</i> with the officers and crew and
+we proceeded on our course to Bow, where we arrived
+on June 10th, and anchored off the island
+where Mr. Manini, supercargo of the schooner, purchased
+the cables and anchors of the brig <i>Niagara</i>,
+from the King of Bow. Having succeeded in getting
+them on board we got underweigh and ran down to
+Avalon and anchored near the bark <i>Peru</i>. Capt.
+Brown came on board the schooner and Capt.
+Young agreed to forward us to the Sandwich Islands.</p>
+
+<p>On the 26th of June, we lost sight of the Fegee
+Islands, steering to the N.&nbsp;E. for Wallis Island&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_54_54" href="#Footnote_54_54" class="fnanchor">[54]</a> and
+arriving there three days later, we found the brig
+<i>Chinchilla</i>,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_55_55" href="#Footnote_55_55" class="fnanchor">[55]</a> Capt. Meek. Capt. Young not finding
+it for his interest to return to the Sandwich Islands
+at present, on the 12th July sailed, intending to return
+in the space of 6 or 8 weeks, leaving us to reside
+in their houses and wait for his return.</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp100" id="i_050" style="max-width: 113.9375em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_050.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      SHIP CHINCHILLA OF NEW YORK
+      <p>“Scrimshawed” on a whale’s tooth. Presented to the East India Marine Society of Salem in 1825
+    by Capt. William Osgood. Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+<p>After a long and most tedious stay on this island,
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_51">[51]</span>
+on the 8th of November, the American whale-ship
+<i>Braganza</i>&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_56_56" href="#Footnote_56_56" class="fnanchor">[56]</a> arrived from a cruise off Japan for the
+purpose of procuring vegetables, water, etc. On the
+26th, the brig <i>Chinchilla</i> arrived from Port Jackson,
+having been obliged to put into that port for provisions.
+Finding that Capt. Meek was not to return
+to the Sandwich Islands at present and no chance
+offering for a passage to a civilized port, I went on
+board of the <i>Braganza</i>, it being the intention of
+Capt. Wood to cruise for whales about the Equator
+for the space of 4 or 5 months and then to proceed
+to some port for supplies, where I should probably
+find an opportunity to return to the United States.</p>
+
+<p>On Nov. 29th, we left Wallis Island and proceeded
+towards the Equator where we cruised until the
+1st of February, 1832, and succeeded in taking 25
+c. of Sperm Oil. Then finding the head of the main-mast
+rotted badly and the weather rather unfavourable
+for prosecuting the whaling business we bore
+away and steered for Otaheite and on the 23rd February
+we arrived at <i>Eamco</i>,&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_57_57" href="#Footnote_57_57" class="fnanchor">[57]</a> an island a short distance
+from Otaheite where the Captain intended to
+repair his main-mast. We found at Otaheite, the
+ship <i>Atlantic</i>, Capt. Fisher, who intended to cruise
+for a short time for whales and then proceed for the
+United States. I immediately shipped on board and
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_52">[52]</span>
+on the 28th February, signed his articles intending
+to sail the next day. Early the next morning we got
+underweigh and stood out to sea steering to the
+south east under short sail with the man at the
+mast-head looking for whales.</p>
+
+<p>It was on the morning of 20th of April, just as the
+sun was rising, that the man at the mast-head cried
+out “There she blows!”&#x2060;<a id="FNanchor_58_58" href="#Footnote_58_58" class="fnanchor">[58]</a></p>
+
+<p>It was very still on board; the ship steered close
+to the wind, a light breeze from east and not a
+sound heard except the slight ruffling the ship made
+as she forced her way through the water. But nothing
+could have acted so forcibly on our feelings as
+the cry that whales were in sight. In a moment the
+ship was in confusion, the sailors came up from below
+and ran to clear their boats and see all in readiness
+for the pursuit.</p>
+
+<p>“Where away?” enquired the Captain, as he was
+coming up the companion-steps and without waiting
+for an answer ordered the ship to be hove to and
+the boats manned.</p>
+
+<p>The order was promptly executed by the respective
+officers and on ascertaining they were sperm
+whales, he ordered the officers to lower the boats
+and pursue them. The whales were but a short distance
+from the ship and we had a good opportunity
+to observe their movements. The boats, sufficiently
+armed and manned, soon got amongst the whales,
+when the man at the mast-head had orders to inform
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_53">[53]</span>
+those on deck of the movements in the boats
+and to inform those in the boats by signals of the
+situation of the whales.</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp100" id="i_052" style="max-width: 97.5em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_052.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      A SHOAL OF SPERM WHALE<br>
+      OFF THE ISLAND OF HAWAII IN 1833
+      <p>From an engraving by J. Hill after a painting by T. Birch. The picture shows the famous Roach (Rotch)
+    whaling fleet,—the <i>Enterprise</i>, <i>Wm. Roach</i>, <i>Pocahontas</i> and <i>Houqua</i>, all from Nantucket.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+<p>In a few moments we perceived by a great splashing,
+which one of them made, that the 1st officer
+had hove his harpoon into one of them. After running
+under water some time and taking the line out
+of the boat to a considerable distance, the whale
+came up on top of the water. The other whales immediately
+joining the wounded one and gave the
+other boats an opportunity of striking also, which
+they immediately improved and all three of the
+boats were each fastened to a whale at the same
+time. After the whales became exhausted they
+hauled up to them and lanced until they were dead.</p>
+
+<p>In this manner the boats continued to improve
+their time and weapons until 6 of these huge animals
+were forced to yield their valuable bodies to
+the superior skill of Nantucket whalemen. They
+were soon towed alongside the ship and secured by
+their tails being fastened to the bows. The crew then
+proceeded to take the blubber on board. Large tackles
+were secured on the main-mast, the falls taken
+to the windlass, and every person stationed in his
+particular place. The officers at the ship’s side, on
+stages, to cut the blubber as it is hove on board with
+the tackles. The harpooners on deck to receive the
+blubber and overhaul the tackles. The carpenter
+sharpening the spades, the cooperer preparing the
+casks, the seamen heaving at the windlass, and the
+Captain superintending the whole.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_54">[54]</span></p>
+
+<p>They commenced by cutting a hole in the blubber
+near to the head of the whale, into which a tackle
+was hooked which served to steady the whale
+while the officers cut off the head which was hoisted
+on board. They then proceeded to peel the blubber
+off the whale, the officers cutting it with their spades
+into strips about 6 or 8 feet in width and from 12 to
+18 feet in length, while it is hove in with the tackles.
+This causes the whale to turn over and over until
+the blubber is all off, when they cut the carcass
+adrift and left it a banquet for the sharks and birds
+of which there were great numbers around the ship.</p>
+
+<p>After having secured the blubber of all the whales
+sail was again made on the ship and we proceeded
+on our way around Cape Horn. In a few days the
+blubber was tried out and stow’d in the ship’s hold
+and thus ended what the whalers term’d a fare of
+sperm oil.</p>
+
+<p>We had a tolerable passage to the United States
+and on the 25th June, arrived at Nantucket, 119
+days from Otaheite, and on the 29th June, 1832, I
+reached my home in Danvers after having been absent
+37 months and 8 days.</p>
+
+<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_2_2" href="#FNanchor_2_2" class="label">[2]</a> Tasmania. William Endicott says in his Log of this voyage:
+“Van Diemen’s Island appears from the sea to be high
+and irregular barren land covered with snow to the summits.
+The shore is bound with craggy rocks.”</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_3_3" href="#FNanchor_3_3" class="label">[3]</a> Situated at the northerly end of North Island, this was
+the principal rendezvous of European and American vessels
+during the early intercourse with the Pacific. Endicott says
+in his Log: “The Bay of Islands is a fine place for procuring
+wood, water, potatoes, pigs and vegetables.”</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_4_4" href="#FNanchor_4_4" class="label">[4]</a> “Indiaman,” “Diana” and “Tower Castle.”</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_5_5" href="#FNanchor_5_5" class="label">[5]</a> “New Zealander” of New Zealand.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_6_6" href="#FNanchor_6_6" class="label">[6]</a> The primitive Maori method of cooking bodies was to
+dig a hole in the ground about two feet deep in which was
+placed a quantity of stones. A fire was built over these
+and when they were red hot most of them were removed.
+Those remaining were covered with alternate layers of
+leaves and flesh until there was as much above as below
+ground. Two or three quarts of water was then thrown over
+the pile, old mats spread over it and the whole covered with
+earth to confine the steam. In twenty minutes the flesh was
+cooked. Cannibalism was entirely abandoned by 1840 owing
+to the influence of the missionaries.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_7_7" href="#FNanchor_7_7" class="label">[7]</a> The Friendly or Tonga Islands are a group lying south-east
+of Fiji between 18° and 20° south latitude and 174° and
+176° west longitude. They comprise some 150 islands,
+mostly very small, of which only a few are inhabited. They
+were discovered by Tasman in 1643 and became a British
+protectorate in 1900. The natives are of Polynesian stock
+and have become Christians through the efforts of the Wesleyan
+Mission established here in 1822. Probably the best
+early account of the natives of any Pacific islands is William
+Mariner’s “An Account of the Natives of the Tonga Islands.”</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_8_8" href="#FNanchor_8_8" class="label">[8]</a> The Fiji islands are an important group of the Central
+Pacific lying largely between latitude 15°30′ and 19°30′
+South and longitude 177° East and 178° West. They comprise
+some 155 islands, of which 100 are inhabited, and numerous
+islets and reefs. The group was discovered by Tasman
+in 1643 and was ceded to Great Britain by Thakombau on
+Oct. 10, 1874. The natives are of Melanesian stock with
+an admixture of Polynesian. The mountaineers of Vanua
+Levu show the purest strain while the costal tribes of that
+and the surrounding islands show a very pronounced strain
+of Tongan blood. All are now Christian through the efforts
+of the Wesleyan missionaries who went there in 1835 and a
+white man or woman is safer with these natives than on the
+streets of New York or Chicago.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_9_9" href="#FNanchor_9_9" class="label">[9]</a> The result of the infusion of Tongan blood.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_10_10" href="#FNanchor_10_10" class="label">[10]</a> War was the chief object in life for the Fijian man and so
+great was the desire for killing that two men always walked
+abreast for fear that if one were behind he would be overcome
+by the temptation to club his companion.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_11_11" href="#FNanchor_11_11" class="label">[11]</a> Cannibalism was not practised exclusively on those killed
+in war. It was tabu or forbidden to the lower classes and
+they were most frequently the victims. Sometimes if a
+chief wanted a body for a feast he would send one of his
+dependents out to waylay a man of the lower classes. He
+would approach his unsuspecting victim from behind and
+strike him on the head with a club before he was aware that
+anything was to happen. Persons dying a natural death
+were never eaten but those shipwrecked were rescued only
+that they might be eaten. Neither sex nor age was a deterrent.
+One chief was so fond of human flesh that he boasted
+that he never passed a person that he did not wonder how
+they would taste. The method of cooking bodies was either
+by baking, in a manner similar to that practised in New
+Zealand (see note, page 16), or by boiling. The body was
+rarely baked whole but was dismembered and the trunk cast
+aside unless the supply was very short.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_12_12" href="#FNanchor_12_12" class="label">[12]</a> Turtle Island—Vatoa.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_13_13" href="#FNanchor_13_13" class="label">[13]</a> Civil account—civil day. When at sea the log-book day
+corresponded with the astronomical day and extended from
+noon to noon; but when anchored for any extended period
+of time the log-book record was kept in civil time, that is
+from midnight to midnight.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_14_14" href="#FNanchor_14_14" class="label">[14]</a> Mbau or Ambau, a native town on a small island at the
+southerly end of Ambau Bay on the easterly side of Viti
+Levu, the largest island of the Fiji group. This town was the
+residence of Tanoa, the most influential chief in the Islands.
+It was off this town that the French brig “l’Amiable Josephine”
+was cut off by the chiefs of Rewa (or Viwa, a town
+on Viti Levu, the second most influential town in Fiji) in July,
+1834, and the captain and all the crew but three were killed.
+In retaliation for this Dumont D’Urville destroyed the town
+of Viwa in 1839. In August, 1834, the chief Vendovi of
+Rewa massacred the mate and five men of the crew of the
+brig “Charles Doggett” of Salem. One of the crew was
+eaten.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_15_15" href="#FNanchor_15_15" class="label">[15]</a> Brig “Quill,” of Salem, 189 tons, built at Hingham in
+1818. Owned by John W., Nathaniel L. and Richard S.
+Rogers; commanded by Joshua Kinsman.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_16_16" href="#FNanchor_16_16" class="label">[16]</a> Mr. Driver.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_17_17" href="#FNanchor_17_17" class="label">[17]</a> Oahu, Hawaiian Islands.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_18_18" href="#FNanchor_18_18" class="label">[18]</a> An edible holothurian familiar throughout the East under
+the Malay name of <i>trepang</i>.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_19_19" href="#FNanchor_19_19" class="label">[19]</a> William S. Carey.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_20_20" href="#FNanchor_20_20" class="label">[20]</a> From the Malay “to carry on the back”,—a man’s burden.
+A commercial weight varying in different countries.
+In the Philippines, where the beche-de-mer was sold, it was
+140 lbs.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_21_21" href="#FNanchor_21_21" class="label">[21]</a> Tanoa, the most powerful chief in the Islands. He was
+the father of Thakombau, the most celebrated of the Fijian
+chiefs and the greatest stumbling block to the missionaries
+until he was forced as a matter of expediency to adopt the
+Christian religion in 1854.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_22_22" href="#FNanchor_22_22" class="label">[22]</a> The houses were burned so that they might not be used
+by other traders.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_23_23" href="#FNanchor_23_23" class="label">[23]</a> Ship “Clay” of Salem, 299 tons, built at Hanover, Mass.,
+in 1818. Owned by John W., Nathaniel L. and Richard S.
+Rogers; commanded by Charles Millett.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_24_24" href="#FNanchor_24_24" class="label">[24]</a> Anganga Island.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_25_25" href="#FNanchor_25_25" class="label">[25]</a> Including the ship “Sophia” of London.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_26_26" href="#FNanchor_26_26" class="label">[26]</a> Ship “Zeneas Coffin” of Nantucket, 338 tons, owned by
+C. G. and H. Coffin; commanded by George Joy.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_27_27" href="#FNanchor_27_27" class="label">[27]</a> Ship “Ann Alexander” of New Bedford, 211 tons, owned
+by George Howland; commanded by Josiah Howland.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_28_28" href="#FNanchor_28_28" class="label">[28]</a> Ship “Hector” of New Bedford, 380 tons, owned by
+Charles W. Morgan; commanded by John G. Morse.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_29_29" href="#FNanchor_29_29" class="label">[29]</a> Maui, the second largest island of the Hawaiian group.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_30_30" href="#FNanchor_30_30" class="label">[30]</a> Ship “Atlantic” of Nantucket, 321 tons. Commanded
+by Elihu Fisher.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_31_31" href="#FNanchor_31_31" class="label">[31]</a> This church at Lahaina, Maui, was said at the time to
+be “the most noble structure in all Polynesia.”</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_32_32" href="#FNanchor_32_32" class="label">[32]</a> Penrhyn or Tongareva was discovered by Seaver in the
+ship “Lady Penrhyn” in 1788. When visited by the “Popoise”
+of the Wilkes’ Expedition in 1841 the natives were
+described as the wildest and most savage-looking beings that
+had been met with.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_33_33" href="#FNanchor_33_33" class="label">[33]</a> Ovalau, a small island about 10 miles east of Viti Levu.
+On this island is situated the town of Levuka whose harbor
+is one of the best in the islands. It was the principal residence
+of white men in the group and was the seat of the
+British colonial government until 1882, when it was removed
+to Suva on Viti Levu.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_34_34" href="#FNanchor_34_34" class="label">[34]</a> The anchors usually carried were: sheet anchor, the largest
+and strongest which is only used in time of direst necessity;
+the best bower anchor and the small bower anchor,
+about the same size and take their name from their position
+at the bow of the ship; the stream anchor, smaller than the
+bowers; and the kedge anchor, smallest of all.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_35_35" href="#FNanchor_35_35" class="label">[35]</a> Somosomo, a town of considerable importance, situated
+on the island of Taviuni or Vuna off the south-eastern point
+of Vanua Levu the second largest island in the Fiji group.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_36_36" href="#FNanchor_36_36" class="label">[36]</a> Brig “Faun” of Salem, 168 tons, built at Quincy in 1816.
+Owned by Robert Brookhouse of Salem, George Abbot of
+Beverly and Hall &amp; Williams of Boston; commanded by
+James Briant. Wrecked in August 1830 on the Cakaudrove
+coast of Vanua Levu in the bay now called Faun Harbor.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_37_37" href="#FNanchor_37_37" class="label">[37]</a> Charles Ambrose Knight, 1st mate of the ship “Friendship”
+of Salem, a brother of Edmund, was massacred in
+February 1831, by the natives at Quallah Battoo, Sumatra.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_38_38" href="#FNanchor_38_38" class="label">[38]</a> Fish—a piece of timber, somewhat in the form of a fish,
+used to strengthen a mast or yard.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_39_39" href="#FNanchor_39_39" class="label">[39]</a> Mutt-Water or Mudwater, a town on the north side of
+Vanua Levu. The native name was Bonne Rarah.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_40_40" href="#FNanchor_40_40" class="label">[40]</a> Tackanova—Vanua Levu.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_41_41" href="#FNanchor_41_41" class="label">[41]</a> The “bitter-end” is that part of the cable which is abaft
+the bitts when the ship rides at anchor.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_42_42" href="#FNanchor_42_42" class="label">[42]</a> Chief Santa Beeta of Bonne Rarah.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_43_43" href="#FNanchor_43_43" class="label">[43]</a> Bonne Rarah.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_44_44" href="#FNanchor_44_44" class="label">[44]</a> Mah—Mathee.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_45_45" href="#FNanchor_45_45" class="label">[45]</a> The <i>bure</i> or temple was the council chamber and town
+hall of the village. Strangers were entertained there and the
+head persons of the village often slept in it. As the best
+constructed building in the village it was elaborately decorated,
+the timbers and rafters being wrapped with sennit in
+various designs of red and black. Votive offerings such as
+clubs, huge rolls of sennit, whale’s teeth, strips of masi, a
+model of a temple made of sennit or parts of a victim slain
+in war, decorated the interior.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_46_46" href="#FNanchor_46_46" class="label">[46]</a> Sennit—a cord made of the fibre of the cocoanut husk,
+dried, combed and braided. The Fijians having no nails
+use this for all sorts of fastenings, lashings and wrappings in
+varied design. It is made in all sizes from a single strand to
+a cable and is of very considerable strength.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_47_47" href="#FNanchor_47_47" class="label">[47]</a> This statement seems to be somewhat exaggerated. One
+canoe has been recorded as one hundred feet in length.
+Wilkes says that the average large canoe was seventy feet in
+length and would conveniently carry fifty men.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_48_48" href="#FNanchor_48_48" class="label">[48]</a> <i>Yaquona</i> of the Fijians, <i>kava</i> of the Tongans and <i>awa</i> of
+the Hawaiians, is an infusion of the root of the pepper plant
+(<i>Piper methysticum</i>). The root is first chewed or grated,
+after which the macerated mass is placed in a bowl and
+covered with water. The infusion is then strained through
+a fibre mesh and is ready to drink. It was used on occasions
+of ceremony or entertainment and its preparation was accompanied
+by a more or less elaborate ritual. It is used by
+the races in the Pacific who do not chew the betel nut. Its
+effects are intoxicating and narcotic.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_49_49" href="#FNanchor_49_49" class="label">[49]</a> Tapa cloth, <i>masi</i> of the Fijians, <i>siapo</i> of the Samoans,
+<i>kapa</i> of the Hawaiians, was the substitute for cloth and paper.
+It was made from the inner bark of the paper mulberry
+(<i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i>). The plants were carefully cultivated
+and when about one inch in diameter were cut down
+and soaked in water. The bark was removed and beaten.
+Different pieces were joined together and beaten into one
+piece so that sheets of almost any size could be made. The
+finished masi was then decorated by printing or stencilling
+with dyes of red-brown and black.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_50_50" href="#FNanchor_50_50" class="label">[50]</a> One of the chief forms of mourning for the dead, in addition
+to wailing, was to lop off the little finger of one of the
+hands. Most of the older natives lost both little fingers.
+This was confined to the relatives of the deceased unless the
+latter was one of the highest chiefs when it was confined to
+the tribe.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_51_51" href="#FNanchor_51_51" class="label">[51]</a> Brig “Niagara” of Salem, 246 tons, built at Mount Desert
+in 1816. Owned by Putnam I. Farnham, Jed Fry and
+Peter S. Webster; commanded by Nathaniel Brown.
+Wrecked in Ambau Bay the same day as the “Glide.”</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_52_52" href="#FNanchor_52_52" class="label">[52]</a> Bark “Peru”, 210 tons, built at Salem in 1823. Owned
+by Stephen C. Phillips; commanded by John H. Eagleston.
+Sold to Spanish owners at Manila in 1832. Capt. Eagleston
+commanded four different vessels in the Fiji trade, was familiar
+with the language and was on friendly terms with
+several of the chiefs. He rendered great assistance and furnished
+valuable information to Lieut. Wilkes while the U. S.
+Exploring Expedition was at the Fijis.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_53_53" href="#FNanchor_53_53" class="label">[53]</a> Capt. Benjamin Vanderford of Salem made many voyages
+to the Fiji Islands and was familiar with the manners,
+customs and language. He was afterwards master’s mate
+and pilot on the U.S.S. “Vincennes” during the Wilkes’ Exploring
+Expedition and died, March 23, 1842, on the passage
+home.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_54_54" href="#FNanchor_54_54" class="label">[54]</a> Uvea, northeast of Fiji. Discovered by Maurelle in 1781
+and again by Wallis in 1797.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_55_55" href="#FNanchor_55_55" class="label">[55]</a> Brig “Chinchilla” of New York; commanded by Thomas
+Meek of Marblehead.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_56_56" href="#FNanchor_56_56" class="label">[56]</a> Ship “Braganza” of New Bedford, 217 tons. Owned by
+Phillips, Russell &amp; Co.; commanded by Daniel Wood. Altered
+to a bark in 1859 and condemned at Honolulu in 1862.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_57_57" href="#FNanchor_57_57" class="label">[57]</a> Eimeo, one of the Society Islands about 10 miles north
+west of Tahiti.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a id="Footnote_58_58" href="#FNanchor_58_58" class="label">[58]</a> This account of whaling may have been abstracted by
+Mr. Endicott from some now unidentified source.</p></div></div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_55">[55]</span></p>
+
+  <h2 class="nobreak" id="A_CANNIBAL_FEAST_AT_THE_FEJEE">
+    A CANNIBAL FEAST AT THE FEJEE
+    ISLANDS
+  </h2>
+</div>
+
+<p class='center mth'><span class="smcap">By an Eye Witness</span></p>
+
+<p class='center mth'>(<i>Reprinted from “The Danvers Courier,” Aug. 16,
+1845</i>)</p>
+
+<p class='mth'><span class="smcap">Mr. Editor.</span> Finding myself in possession of a
+little spare time, I feel disposed to improve it in
+overhauling a range or two of memory, and agreeably
+to promise to commit such of it to paper as
+may seem of interest, touching on incidents which
+occurred at the Fejee Islands while on board the
+Old Ship <i>Glide</i>.</p>
+
+<p>It was on a pleasant afternoon in the month of
+March, 1831, our ship at anchor off the town of
+Bona-ra-ra, the crew on board employed in making
+senett, spun-yarn, yard mats, and other ship gear
+to fill up the chinks of time, and particularly the
+ship’s lockers with such articles as are sure to come
+in play on shipboard, when you have not time to
+make them.</p>
+
+<p>We were not very busy, neither were we idle; but
+it was just one of those sort of days at the Fejees
+when all hands had been hard at work all the forenoon,
+boating oil to the ship, beche-le-mer, weighing,
+and stowing it away in the hold, and having
+once more cleared up decks, felt released from the
+regular day’s duty, and indulged ourselves in a sail
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_56">[56]</span>
+privilege of telling tales, singing songs and reflecting
+upon “better days gone by.”</p>
+
+<p>Our reveries and yarns were unbroken by any
+orders from aft except, to strike the bell every half
+hour, which if it had no other purpose reminded us
+that thirty minutes more had drifted astern upon
+the sea of time.</p>
+
+<p>Five bells had been ordered from the quarter
+deck. I arose to execute the command, when my attention
+was drawn to the shore by seeing a large collection
+of savages on the beach, walking towards the
+town. Having struck the bell, I proceeded to the side
+of the ship where a canoe with five or six women had
+just arrived, to sell us fruit. I enquired of them what
+was the matter on shore. They immediately told me
+that the men had been to a fight with the Andregette
+tribe (who lived about thirty miles in the
+mountains), were victorious and had killed and
+taken three of their enemies, and were now going to
+have a grand Soleb, or feast.</p>
+
+<p>I had heard David Whippy, a man who had long
+been a resident upon these Islands, tell many a long
+tale of the manners and customs of the natives, and
+especially of their cannibalism, and I had a strong
+desire to see the manner in which they prepared and
+ate human flesh.</p>
+
+<p>While I was considering whether I would ask the
+liberty I wished, or not, Capt. Archer came up and
+stood in the companion way. I went aft, made
+known to him my request, when he replied, “I have
+no objection but take care of yourself.”</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp61" id="i_056" style="max-width: 71.0625em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_056.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      FIJIAN WOMEN
+      <p>Wearing “maiden locks” indicating that they are unmarried.</p>
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_57">[57]</span></p>
+
+<p>This admonition was gratefully received, yet I
+felt by no means alarmed, having spent a great portion
+of my time on shore among the natives, with
+whom I was on terms of perfect friendship and good
+will, a circumstance well known to the Capt. or I
+should probably have received at once from him a
+denial of my wish to be absent from the ship on such
+an occasion.</p>
+
+<p>I went down to my chest and brought up a few
+beads, which I gave to the women in the canoe, telling
+them I wished to be paddled ashore. They immediately
+threw their fruits consisting of a few cocoanuts
+and plantains, through one of the ship’s
+ports upon deck and considering the beads a compensation
+for both fruit and passage I was soon on
+my way to the shore.</p>
+
+<p>I landed upon the beach just ahead of the savages
+who were coming single file to the village, entering
+it however by a very circuitous route and in
+a manner never done except on such occasions.</p>
+
+<p>There were about sixty warriors, though a great
+many others were in attendance who had joined
+them while nearing the village.</p>
+
+<p>The bodies of the three dead savages were carried
+in front, lashed on long poles in a singular manner.
+They were bound with wythes by bringing the upper
+and lower parts of the legs together and binding
+them to the body, and the arms in a similar manner
+by bringing the elbows to rest on the knees, and
+their hands tied upon each side of the neck. Their
+backs were confined to poles which were about
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_58">[58]</span>
+twelve feet long. One was lashed on each pole, with
+six men, three at each end, to carry it.</p>
+
+<p>Those who carried the bodies walked with a limping
+gait, bending their left knees almost to the
+ground, but doing it in exact time with the war song
+they were singing.</p>
+
+<p>They proceeded immediately in front of the Boo-re
+(a large hut to be used only on public occasions)
+and threw the dead bodies from their shoulders with
+the most savage triumph. Two of them were untied
+from the poles while the third and smallest one, was
+by the order of the King, sent to some particular
+friends of his belonging to a neighboring tribe, from
+whom he had received similar tokens of friendship.</p>
+
+<p>This was a great day at Bona-ra-ra. A day of
+great rejoicing. This tribe had not only been successful
+in their attack upon their enemy, but had
+succeeded in securing the slain. Little credit is given
+to the warrior who kills his enemies if he does not
+obtain their bodies; much more is thought of the
+savage who kills one man and carries him home,
+than of the individual who may kill a hundred and
+let their dead bodies fall into the hand of the enemy.
+Their chief glory consists not so much in killing, as
+in eating their enemies.</p>
+
+<p>I noticed that a very particular interest was taken
+in one of the dead savages, and there were none
+present who talked louder or expressed more vehement
+gestures, or savage feeling, than an old woman.
+This matter I could not understand. I asked a
+young savage who stood near me, what was their
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_59">[59]</span>
+particular interest in that man more than the other?
+He told me that some time previous this tribe had
+made war with the Andre-getta people, and the son
+of this old woman was a young chief in the fight
+and was slain; and it was believed that this individual
+had killed him. Whether it was so or not, the
+old woman believed it and the priest believed it, and
+that was enough for their purpose, for they only
+wished to wreak their revenge on some savage,
+though it were a dead one. I had seated myself on
+the large roots of a cocoanut tree in front of the
+whole ceremony. After it was satisfactorily settled
+that this was the savage who had killed the young
+chief, they proceeded systematically to fill up the
+measure of their revenge.</p>
+
+<p>This old female savage went to her hut and
+brought all the property of her late son; such as
+sleeping mats, tappa, i-fow carlic, angona-dish, and
+some other little furniture which make up the necessaries
+of a chief’s dwelling. The angona bowl was
+placed near the head of the dead savage; a bamboo
+of water was brought and laid by his side, when several
+young men after well rinsing their mouths,
+were employed in chewing and preparing a bowl of
+angona. After the drink was made ready this old
+savage after a short speech from the priest, who had
+continued to make low gutteral sounds and shake
+himself through the whole ceremony, took her small
+dish full of the liquor and presenting it to the lips of
+the dead savage bade him drink. No sooner was this
+done than a general yell ran through the tribe—“Amba
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_60">[60]</span>
+cula boy thu-ie,” he is a stinking dead man.
+She then dashed the liquor in his face and broke the
+dish in pieces upon it. She then took up her bamboo
+of water, and removing the tuft of grass from the end
+placed it also to the mouth of the dead man and
+again bade him drink. A repetition of the same ceremony
+was gone through with, when she poured all
+the water upon his face and then broke the bamboo
+in pieces upon his head, and told the men to take it
+to cut him up with. Bamboo, split to a sharp edge
+was called by them isulic (a term applied to knife),
+which instrument alone they allowed themselves to
+use in cutting to pieces a dead body.</p>
+
+<p>The old woman had now gone her way knowing
+that her orders would be executed, and well aware
+of the strict prohibition against her, or any of her
+sex either to assist in preparing, or eating human
+flesh.</p>
+
+<p>The head of the savage on whom this ceremony
+commenced was first cut off and laid aside, then the
+furniture that was brought by the old woman was
+broken up and placed around it; and fire set to it
+so that the whole was entirely consumed about the
+head, and rendered thereby in a fit state for cleansing;
+the hair being burnt off and the flesh so singed
+that it was scraped perfectly white.</p>
+
+<p>As soon as this affair was ended a dance commenced
+as is customary on all such occasions. All
+the warriors who were engaged in the fight, and
+some aged men who staid at home, had now prepared
+themselves for this savage expression of joy.
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_61">[61]</span>
+The Fejeeians wear but little clothing on ordinary
+occasions and on this they were in a state of complete
+nudity. They were painted in a most frightful
+manner, as great a diversity of painting, or marking
+was observed by them as could be devised, each one
+attempting to outdo the other in the most loathsome
+obscenity and savage appearance. They use
+but three kinds of paint upon their bodies which are
+black, red, and yellow. The black is made from a
+small nut which grows upon the ground, it is burnt
+to a coal and pounded up between flat stones, and
+prepared by mixing it with cocoanut oil. The red
+and yellow paint used by them is a mineral similar
+to our ochre, if not precisely the same in substance.
+The yellow is held by them in high estimation. It is
+mixed with cocoanut oil, scented with sandalwood
+and fragrant herbs, and is the first dressing received
+by the new born infant. It is called by them
+re-ringer.</p>
+
+<p>There were about one hundred dancers who came
+upon the ground at one and the same time with terrific
+yells. Their dance was made up of the most violent
+and distended motion of the limbs, often prostrating
+themselves on the ground upon their backs,
+and springing again instantly to their places, without
+however for a moment ceasing to chant their
+war song in a very low but distinct manner. Their
+only instrumental music on this occasion was that
+of two savages beating upon the end of a hollow log
+four or six feet in length, which is always heard on
+such occasions, and also as an alarm for war.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_62">[62]</span></p>
+
+<p>Within the ring of dancers had the old woman’s
+command been promptly executed.</p>
+
+<p>They commenced in their usual systematic way
+of cutting up a dead body. The heads of both savages
+being now taken off, they next cut off the right
+hand and the left foot, right elbow and left knee,
+and so in like manner until all the limbs separated
+from the body.</p>
+
+<p>An oblong piece was then taken from the body
+commencing at the bottom of the chest and passing
+downwards about eight inches, and three or four
+inches wide at its broadest part. This was carefully
+laid aside for the King, it being strictly prohibited
+for anyone else to eat of it.</p>
+
+<p>The entrails and vitals were then taken out and
+cleansed for cooking. But I shall not here particularize.
+The scene is too revolting. The flesh was then
+cut through the ribs to the spine of the back which
+was broken, thus the body was separated into two
+pieces. This was truly a sickening sight. I saw after
+they had cut through the ribs of the stoutest man, a
+savage jump upon the back, one end of which rested
+upon the ground, and the other was held in the
+hands and rested upon the knees of another savage,
+three times before he succeeded in breaking it.</p>
+
+<p>This ended the dissection of the bodies.</p>
+
+<p>While this was going on, the lobu or oven was
+prepared which was made as follows. An excavation
+is made in the earth of a concave form about six
+feet in diameter and a foot and a half deep in the
+centre, and smoothly lined with small stones. A
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_63">[63]</span>
+large fire is then made in it, with small stones placed
+among the burning fuel for the purpose of heating
+them, and as the bodies are cut to pieces they are
+thrown upon the fire, which after being thoroughly
+singed are scraped while hot by savages, who sit
+around the fire for this purpose. The skin by this
+process is made perfectly white, this being the manner
+in which they dress their hogs, and other animal
+food.</p>
+
+<p>To show their excessive greediness for human
+flesh, and their savage thirst for blood, I need only
+to relate a particular circumstance which took place
+at the time. The head of the savage which was last
+taken off, was thrown towards the fire, and being
+thrown some distance it rolled a few feet from the
+men who were employed around it; when it was
+stolen by one of the savages who carried it behind
+the tree where I was sitting. He took the head in his
+lap and after combing away the hair from the top of
+it with his fingers picked out the pieces of the scull
+which was broken by the war club and commenced
+eating the brains. This was too much for me. I
+moved my position, the thief was discovered and
+was as soon compelled to give up his booty, it being
+considered by the others he had got by far too great
+a share.</p>
+
+<p>The process of cleansing and preparing this flesh,
+occupied about two hours. There was no part of
+these bodies which I did not see cleansed and put in
+the oven.</p>
+
+<p>The stones which had been placed upon the fire,
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_64">[64]</span>
+were now removed, the oven cleaned out, the flesh
+carefully and very neatly wrapped in fresh plantain
+leaves, and placed in it. The hot stones were also
+wrapped in leaves and placed among the flesh, and
+after it was all deposited in the oven, it was covered
+up two or three inches with the same kind of leaves,
+and the whole covered up with earth of sufficient
+depth to retain the heat.</p>
+
+<p>It was now about sunset; the oven was completely
+covered, and a new dance commenced around it,
+which continued for some time. I ascertained by the
+natives, that it would be past midnight before they
+would open their oven, and being desirous of seeing
+the end of this affair, and recollecting that I had no
+anchor watch to stand that night, I resolved to go to
+the beche-le-mer house which was on the opposite
+side of the village, and spend part of the night, caring
+only to get on board the ship the next morning
+in season to turn to with all hands, in washing the
+decks. I therefore proceeded on my way across the
+village, when I met with Sina-beatee, a chief with
+whom I was well acquainted, who asked me to go
+with him to his hut, and take something to eat. I
+followed my host to his cabin, and made a good supper,
+after which I left him and renewed my way
+across the village to the ship’s house.</p>
+
+<p>I found the men curing the fish as usual. Everything
+looked perfectly familiar to me. Some were
+scolding the natives for their laziness and not bringing
+the fish to the pots, as they wanted them; others
+were dodging the smoke and steam from the pots,
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_65">[65]</span>
+with an occasional oath, and trying to get a snuff of
+pure air; while the men to the windward pots,
+though free from the other annoyances, were compelled
+to take a double share of mosquitoes, which
+was a fair offset to the grievances of the others.
+These, with a few of Job’s comforts; dreadful sores
+occasioned by frequently burning a poison wood
+called by the natives—see-nu, make up some of the
+rare pleasures of the shore’s crew on a beche-le-mer
+voyage.</p>
+
+<p>As the men on shore are obliged to stand watch
+and watch, I turned in to the berth of one of my
+shipmates who had the first watch at the pots, and
+slept as sound and as well, perhaps, as anyone else
+would have done in a savage land with a host of
+savage mosquitoes singing about his ears.</p>
+
+<p>I turned out about midnight, sauntered about the
+beche-le-mer house until nearly daylight, and then
+made my way back again to the Boo-re.</p>
+
+<p>I soon found on nearing the house, by seeing the
+torches about the oven, and also by the scent of
+their cooked flesh, that their feast had begun; and
+on my arrival I found they were nearly done. It was
+soon reported to the chiefs that a white man was at
+the door, and after some enquiry I was invited to
+the feast. Being well acquainted with the King, as
+well as Sina-beatee with whom I had supped the
+evening previous, I felt somewhat at home and took
+a seat beside the last named personage. It was not
+yet daylight and there was no light in the house except
+a small fire kept burning at each of the three
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_66">[66]</span>
+doors to keep out the mosquitoes, which served for
+little or no other purpose. I had been seated but a
+moment or two when I heard the Chief Sina-beatee
+(who was kept on board the ship as a hostage for
+the men on shore who were getting a cargo for the
+ship, but who had been released by the Captain on
+this occasion the evening previous), say to the King
+“Had we not better give the white man something
+to eat?” “Yes,” said the King, “you can send and
+get him some yam, for he will not eat our meat.”
+Sina-beatee replied, “I know he will not, but I consider
+the meat by far the best and as a token of good
+will, having received presents from him, I wish to
+present him some.” The King after a mute silence
+of a moment, told one of his ki-sees or slaves to give
+the white chief (allowing me that title in consideration
+of the respect shown me by Sina-beatee) the
+best piece which was left, it being nearly all eaten
+up. He went to the centre of the Boo-re where lay
+some unbroken bunches of meat, the savages being
+placed generally on the sides of the room, and selected
+a piece, telling the King what it was before
+removing it. The King said it was “slave’s meat,”
+which he regretted, saying to Sina-beatee, he wished
+it was a better piece and ordered the slave to give it
+me. It was accordingly brought carefully wrapped
+in a plantain leaf as it had been placed in the oven.
+I unwrapped it and found it to be a part of a foot
+taken off at the ankle and at the joints of the toes.
+I made an excuse for not eating it, by saying that it
+had been kept too long after it was killed, before it
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_67">[67]</span>
+was cooked, it being about thirty-six hours. The King
+replied, it was not half so long as you white men
+keep your bullum-a-cow! meaning salt beef, a name
+derived from bull and cow, by American seamen.
+Salted meat was considered by them the most unhealthy
+and loathsome food that could be eaten,
+and was the means of creating a strong prejudice
+against the whites for their eating it. I had no desire
+to discuss the question of diet with this old savage
+and cannibal, knowing that I could not convince
+him of the base impropriety of eating human
+flesh, and well aware that he could not prevail upon
+me to exchange the cured flesh of a well stalled ox
+for the jackall food of his murdered victims.</p>
+
+<figure class="figcenter" id="i_066a" >
+  <img class="illowp15" src="images/i_066a.jpg" alt="" style="max-width: 14.25em;">
+  <figcaption>
+      TOOTH OF A FIJIAN CANNIBAL
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+<blockquote>
+Presented to The Essex Institute in 1851 by Capt. John H. Eagleston
+    who stated that it was “A tooth from Na Massa Ngaloa, the greatest
+    cannibal that ever lived, head chief of Rewa, Fiji Islands. Twenty
+    years since conquered most of the islands in the archipelago; since died
+    aged about sixty years. Eleven years ago became Christian—baptised
+    Ratu Mill.” Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.
+</blockquote>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp51" id="i_066b" style="max-width: 32.625em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_066b.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      MODEL OF A BURE OR FIJIAN TEMPLE
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+<blockquote>
+    Such models were presented to the temples as offerings. Given to the
+    East India Marine Society of Salem, by Capt. Joseph Winn, Jr., in 1835.
+    Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.
+</blockquote>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp46" id="i_068" style="max-width: 71.25em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i_068.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption>
+      OBJECTS FROM FIJI ISLANDS
+  </figcaption>
+</figure>
+    <blockquote>
+    <ol>
+    <li>Comb with top of human bone; collected by John
+    Crandall in 1860.</li>
+    <li>Bracelet of shark’s teeth; collected by Capt. Joshua
+    Kinsman in 1831.</li>
+    <li>Bracelet of roots made by the mountaineers; collected
+    by Capt. Joshua Kinsman in 1831.</li>
+    <li>Bracelet of human teeth; collected by James B. Williams,
+    U. S. Consul at Fiji, in 1845.</li>
+    <li>Mat needle made of human bone; collected by Capt.
+    Joshua Kinsman in 1831.</li>
+    </ol>
+    <p class='center'>Now in the Peabody Museum of Salem.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p class='mt1'>As the light of day shown into the hut, it revealed
+a sight seldom witnessed by civilized man. Around
+the hut sat sixty or seventy cannibals, more frightful
+than ever if possible; their paint being rubbed
+together in many instances, gave their bodies such
+an appearance as for a moment to lead one to doubt
+that they were human beings. Before one savage,
+would lay a human head, save that part which could
+be released from it, the lower jaw; which would be
+in possession of another. The bones of these bodies
+were well distributed among them, showing conclusively
+that none had failed to get their share. I
+had understood by them that the oven was opened
+about midnight, and that they had now done their
+feast; what was left was to be given to the boys; the
+women, as I have before stated, were not allowed to
+taste of it though they frequently got it by stealth,
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_68"></a><a id="Page_69"></a>[69]</span>
+as some of them did on this occasion after the bones
+and broken meat was given to the boys. My attention
+was directed to an old Tonga ta boo savage,
+whom I had seen, however, frequently before, who
+was a Ma-ti or mechanic among them, whose particular
+business it was to manufacture sail needles
+from the shin bones of their cannibal victims. The
+sails to their canoes, being made in a triangular
+form, of thick mats sewed together with sennet, renders
+it necessary to have long and crooked needles,
+and perhaps there is nothing among them from
+which this article could be so well manufactured
+as from the shin bone of a man. This old savage sat
+near the King, with four shin bones between his
+own, and feeling himself entitled by his peculiar occupation
+to those parts of the victim, never failed to
+have his share of the spoils. I had heard through my
+whole stay at this place that he was the most notorious
+cannibal in the tribe; and his whole appearance
+conformed well with his acknowledged character.
+He was of a large and muscular frame, raw boned,
+his skin brawny and dry, and with no nose upon his
+face; he having lost this prominent feature some
+years previous, for the indulgence of a crime among
+the wives of a neighboring chief. His nose was bitten
+off. I knew of but one crime among these islanders,
+which a man or woman could commit, the penalty
+of which was the loss of this member.</p>
+
+<p>Many of the savages now begun to leave the Boo-re,
+and among the rest was Sina-beatee who stated
+to me that he should go on board the ship in the
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_70">[70]</span>
+boats which came on shore for the beche-le-mer. I
+rose to go, but wishing to carry with me some relic
+as a remembrance of the scene I had witnessed, I
+engaged the old Tonga savage to make a pair of
+sail needles, one from the limb of each of the devoured
+victims, promising him a good compensation
+for them. He gave them to me in two or three days
+after, neatly wrought, which I placed among my curiosities,
+which within one month from that time
+were all together with the ill-fated ship.</p>
+
+<p>About sunrise, I went to the beche-le-mer house,
+and finding myself too late to get on board to assist
+in washing decks, I set myself to work collecting the
+beche-le-mer on the batters, in readiness to be put
+into bags when the boats came off, thereby offsetting
+my duty on board by doing what I knew would be
+required of my boatmates on their arrival on shore.</p>
+
+<p>The boats arrived at their usual time, and after
+taking on board as much of the beche-le-mer as was
+ready for storage on board the ship, we went on
+board accompanied by Sina-beatee and his wife
+Tu-cun-na, who spent much of her time with the
+chief on board of the ship.</p>
+
+<p>I am about to the end of my yarn, yet I might
+lengthen it by knotting on other strands, but my
+timepiece reminds me that it is past midnight; so I
+shall take the liberty to belay this and turn in.</p>
+
+<p class="right pr8">Yours, etc.,</p>
+<p class='right pr1'><span class="smcap">William Endicott</span></p>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_71">[71]</span></p>
+
+  <h2 class="nobreak" id="Vocab_Fiji">
+    A FEW WORDS OF THE LANGUAGE<br>
+    OF THE FEGEE ISLANDS
+  </h2>
+</div>
+
+<p class='mth'>The natives always add the word <i>Sah</i>, to all
+words excepting substantives.</p>
+
+<table class='vocab mt1'>
+<tr><th><i>Fegee</i></th><th><i>English</i></th></tr>
+<tr><td>Andree´</td><td>Beche-le-mer</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-tap´-pah</td><td>What</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ing-go´</td><td>That or those</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Lah´-go</td><td>Go away</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Oh-mi´</td><td>Come here</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Mi</td><td>Here</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Si-an´-drah</td><td>How do you do</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Fah-ing-go´</td><td>This fashion, or this way</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Papa lang´-ee</td><td>General name for civilized people</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Fah-a-Be´tee</td><td>Like a Fegee man</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Fah-a-papa-lang´-ee</td><td>Like a civilized man</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  La´bo</td><td>Large</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Li-Li</td><td>Small</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ba-na´-kak</td><td>Good</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Dah</td><td>Bad</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Un-dee´-nah</td><td>True</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Las´-so</td><td>False</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Bon-ee´-tah</td><td>Handsome</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Seeng-ah´</td><td>No</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ee´-o</td><td>Yes</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Neen´-ee</td><td>Angry</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Tom´-a-Tah</td><td>Man</td></tr>
+<tr><td><span class="pagenum" id="Page_72">[72]</span>  La´-vah</td><td>Women</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  E-val´-ee</td><td>Musket or a bow</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Anti-ky´</td><td>House</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Nung-a-Sow´</td><td>Bullets or arrows</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ma-Loon´</td><td>Club</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-noo´-koo</td><td>Sand or powder</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-bat´-to</td><td>Stones</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Am-boo´-kah</td><td>Fire</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Nah-cow´</td><td>Wood</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Fa-nu´-ah</td><td>Land—the shore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Dry-and-dry´</td><td>Lengthy</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Lakah-Lakah´</td><td>Short</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Boo´-lah</td><td>Strong or brave</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ra´-Rah</td><td>Frightened</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  An-Drew´</td><td>Blood</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Am-Boo´ter</td><td>Cooked</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  An-Dro´kah</td><td>Raw</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Wank´-ah</td><td>Ship, canoe</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Bel´lo-Bel´lo</td><td>Boat</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Pie´-o</td><td>Oar, paddle</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Thoo´-lar</td><td>Pole</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ee-lah´-ther</td><td>Sail</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ra´-Vah</td><td>Hoist</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Wye´-Dewee</td><td>Salt water</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Wye-Ee-No</td><td>Water to drink</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Cun´-a-Cun´</td><td>Eat</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ee-No</td><td>Drink</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Mun´dry</td><td>Bread</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Poark´-ah</td><td>Hogs</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Oo´-fee</td><td>Yams</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-boon´-tee</td><td>Plantains</td></tr>
+<tr><td><span class="pagenum" id="Page_73">[73]</span>  A-oo´-to</td><td>Bread, fruit</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ee´-kah</td><td>Fish</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Mah-Seem´-ah</td><td>Salt</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ah-nee´-ew</td><td>Cocoanuts</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Too-rong´-ah</td><td>Chief</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ky-See</td><td>Common man</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Mar-Ty´</td><td>Carpenter</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Toon-en-Dye´</td><td>Helmsman</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ky-Fa-nu´-ah</td><td>Landsman</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ky-Wye´</td><td>Sailor</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Tah´-nee</td><td>Stranger</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Bul´lee-Bul´lee</td><td>Trade, barter</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Par´-lee-Co</td><td>Chizzel</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Mo´ro-Mo´ro</td><td>Beads</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Tambour´</td><td>Whale’s tooth</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  I-sail-ee</td><td>Knife, sword</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  So´-Ber</td><td>Tub or hogshead</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ca´-To</td><td>Box</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-rom´-bo</td><td>Bag</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Gu´tee-Gu´tee</td><td>Basket</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Du´-nah</td><td>One—1</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-roo´-ah</td><td>Two—2</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  To´lo</td><td>Three—3</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Vah</td><td>Four—4</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Lee´-mah</td><td>Five—5</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ono</td><td>Six—6</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ve´-to</td><td>Seven—7</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Wah´-loo</td><td>Eight—8</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Thee´-wah</td><td>Nine—9</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Tee´-nee</td><td>Ten—10</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Car´-loo</td><td>Great Spirit</td></tr>
+<tr><td><span class="pagenum" id="Page_74">[74]</span>  Em-Bet´ta</td><td>Priest</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  See´ng-ah</td><td>Sun</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Boo´-lah</td><td>Moon</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Tung´-ee</td><td>Wind</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Oo´-ther</td><td>Rain</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Dumb´-an-Dumb´</td><td>Red colour</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Cur-ra-la-row´er</td><td>Green colour</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Lo´-ah-Lo´-ah</td><td>Black or blue colour</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  I-bo´-Lah</td><td>White or yellow colour</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Sam-ber´-rah</td><td>By and by</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Sah-Vet´her</td><td>How many</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Sah-Ee´-Bee</td><td>Where is it</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Gwe´go</td><td>Yourself</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Gwo´</td><td>Myself</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Cot´he-Thung´-ee</td><td>What is your name?</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Bullee-Atap´-pah</td><td>What will you trade for?</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ky-Bee-Tee</td><td>Fegee man</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ky-America</td><td>American</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ky-Bullee-Tan´ee</td><td>Englishman</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ky-Tonga</td><td>Tongee man</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='mth'>The Fegee people are named after the principal
+things they are acquainted with, as their weapons,
+the elements, vegetables, etc.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_75">[75]</span></p>
+
+<table class='vocab mt2' id='Vocab_Wallis'>
+<tr><th><i>Wallis Island</i></th><th><i>English</i></th></tr>
+<tr><td>  Tanga´-tah</td><td>Man</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Fee-fee´-na</td><td>Women</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-lee´-kee</td><td>Chief</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-Too´-ah</td><td>Priest and the Great Spirit</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Lil-La´</td><td>Good</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Cov´-ee</td><td>Bad</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Li´-Hee</td><td>Large</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  See-See</td><td>Small</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A-Ty´-hee</td><td>One—1</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  A roo´-ah</td><td>Two—2</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Tolo</td><td>Three—3</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Vah</td><td>Four—4</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Lee´-mah</td><td>Five—5</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ono´</td><td>Six—6</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Vee´-to</td><td>Seven—7</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Wah´-loo</td><td>Eight—8</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Thee´-wah</td><td>Nine—9</td></tr>
+<tr><td>  Ung´ a boo´-ro</td><td>Ten—10</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_76">[76]</span></p>
+
+  <h2 class="nobreak" id="CREW">
+    <span class="smcap">Officers and Crew of Ship</span> <i>GLIDE</i> <span class="smcap">on her 14th
+    Voyage</span>
+  </h2>
+</div>
+
+<table class='crew'>
+<tr>
+  <th><i>Rank</i></th>
+  <th><i>Names</i></th>
+  <th><i>Place of Birth</i></th>
+  <th><i>Place of Residence</i></th>
+  <th><i>Height</i></th>
+  <th><i>Age</i></th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td>Master</td><td>Henry Archer, Jr.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>1st Mate</td><td>Benjamin Balch, Jr.</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 5½″</td><td>24</td></tr>
+<tr><td>2nd Mate</td><td>Samuel Burnham</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 9½″</td><td>24</td></tr>
+<tr><td>3rd Mate</td><td>William Endicott</td><td>Danvers</td><td>Danvers</td><td>5′ 3½″</td><td>20</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Armourer</td><td>Thomas Crowell</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 8″</td><td>28</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Carpenter</td><td>Aaron Marden</td><td>Tuftonboro</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 6″</td><td>27</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Joseph Noble, Jr.</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 5″</td><td>21</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Henry W. Ramsdell</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 5″</td><td>22</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Andrew Reed</td><td>Gothenburg</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 6½″</td><td>18</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Antone Johnson</td><td>Genoa</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 2″</td><td>45</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Preston Crafts</td><td>Manchester</td><td>Manchester</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Joseph H. Morse</td><td>Manchester</td><td>Manchester</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Joshua B. Derby</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 5½″</td><td>16</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Edmund Knight</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 4¾″</td><td>16</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Joseph Joplin</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 6″</td><td>18</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>William Warner</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 1½″</td><td>15</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Seth Richardson</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 3″</td><td>18</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Leonard Poole</td><td>Danvers</td><td>Danvers</td><td>5′ 7¾″</td><td>22</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>Henry Fowler</td><td>Danvers</td><td>Danvers</td><td>5′ 7½″</td><td>19</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Seaman</td><td>James Oliver</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Cook</td><td>Henry Shaw</td><td>Boston</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 2½″</td><td>42</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Steward</td><td>Joseph Francis</td><td>Salem</td><td>Salem</td><td>5′ 9½″</td><td>21</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_77">[77]</span></p>
+
+  <h2 class="nobreak" id="PUBLICATIONS_OF_THE">
+    PUBLICATIONS OF THE<br>
+    MARINE RESEARCH SOCIETY<br>
+    SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS
+  </h2>
+</div>
+
+<ol class='mrss'>
+<li>THE SAILING SHIPS OF NEW ENGLAND, 1607–1907,
+<span class="smcap">by John Robinson and George Francis Dow</span>.
+Large 8vo. (7 × 10), 320 illustrations, 430 pages, blue
+buckram binding.
+
+<p><i>Sixty copies were printed on large paper.</i></p>
+</li>
+
+<li>THE PIRATES OF THE NEW ENGLAND COAST,
+1630–1730, <span class="smcap">by George Francis Dow and John Henry
+Edmonds, with an Introduction by Capt. Ernest
+H. Pentecost, R. N. R.</span> Large 8vo. (7&nbsp;×&nbsp;10), 47
+illustrations, 416 pages, red buckram binding.
+
+<p><i>Eighty-five copies were printed on large paper.</i></p>
+</li>
+
+<li>WRECKED AMONG CANNIBALS IN THE
+FIJIS, <span class="smcap">by William Endicott, with notes by Lawrence
+Waters Jenkins</span>. 8vo. (6¼&nbsp;×&nbsp;9½), 13 illustrations,
+76 pages, Fabriano paper boards, linen back.</li>
+</ol>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class='chapter'>
+
+<div class="transnote mt2">
+  <h2 class="nobreak" id="Transcribers_Notes">
+    Transcriber’s Notes
+  </h2>
+
+
+<ul>
+<li>Obvious typographic errors silently corrected.</li>
+
+<li>Variations in hyphenation and spelling kept as in the original.
+Many such variations occur between the spelling in the author’s text
+and the footnotes written by the editor.</li>
+
+<li>Illustrations relocated to the nearest convenient paragraph break.</li>
+
+<li>Footnotes renumbered consecutively and moved to the end of their respective
+chapters.</li>
+</ul>
+</div></div>
+<div style='text-align:center'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 76873 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+
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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
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+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for eBook #76873
+(https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/76873)