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diff --git a/old/69950-0.txt b/old/69950-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 1902311..0000000 --- a/old/69950-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4356 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light -Artillery, by Anonymous - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: February 4, 2023 [eBook #69950] - -Language: English - -Produced by: The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at - https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images - generously made available by The Internet Archive) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REMINISCENCES OF THE -CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY *** - - - - - - Transcriber’s Note - Italic text displayed as: _italic_ - - - - -[Illustration: CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY - -Camp Putnam, Marietta, Ohio, May, 1861] - - - - - Reminiscences - - of the - - Cleveland Light Artillery - - [Illustration: Drawing of a cannon] - - Cleveland - Cleveland Printing Company - 1906 - - - Contents. - PAGE - I. The Acorn from which Grew the Oak. 3 - II. A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the - Artillery Goes to the Front. 20 - III. The Campaign in Western Virginia. 37 - Independent Companies. 76 - Barnett’s big regiment. 77 - “Commissary” Harry Bingham. 79 - IV. 81 - Muster List 94 - Senate Bill 101 - - -CHAPTER I. - -THE ACORN FROM WHICH GREW THE OAK. - - -The First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery—whose guns -thundered on nearly all the great battlefields of the War for the -Union, 1861-5—owed its existence to a process of evolution. It was -the result of a growth during a period of more than twenty years. - -The Cleveland Grays, an independent military company, was formed in -1837. It was composed of active, intelligent, patriotic young men -who displayed from the first a laudable pride in the organization, -and an ambition to bring it up to the highest possible standard of -excellence. Their most praiseworthy efforts were rewarded by a full -measure of success, and the company was soon celebrated far and near -for its fine appearance, excellent drill, and perfection of military -discipline. - -In 1839, for the purpose of field instruction, the Grays held an -encampment on a vacant lot at the present corner of Superior and -Erie streets. As compared to its proportions of today, Cleveland was -then scarcely more than an overgrown village, and the territory in -the vicinity of the spot designated above—now covered, and for miles -beyond, with business houses and dwellings—was almost in its primeval -state. By invitation of the Grays, Major Fay’s Light Artillery -Company, of Buffalo, famous in those early days for its skill in the -art of gunnery, was present at the encampment. The fine evolutions of -this command and its proficiency in working and handling artillery -attracted much attention and awakened a lively interest in that arm -of military science. - -The Grays caught the artillery fever and at once decided that they -would have a gun squad. No sooner said than done, and nine members of -the company were detailed for that purpose, as follows: - - David L. Wood, - Edward S. Flint, - Edward A. Scovill, - Richard Dockstader, - Frank Krieger, - F. H. Utley, - James A. Craw, - James B. Wilbur, - C. J. Merriam. - -David L. Wood was appointed Sergeant of the Gun Squad. He had -formerly lived in Buffalo and had served as a gunner in Major Fay’s -company, but had removed to Cleveland and was an active and zealous -member of the Grays. A six-pound iron gun was obtained and mounted on -a carriage which, as well as the caisson, was of home manufacture, -made at the expense of the company. The early drills were held in -a large barn situated on Erie street opposite the cemetery. The -building was owned by the Ohio Stage Company, which, before the -days of railroads, was operating its lines of public conveyance. -These premises were used for five or six years, when more commodious -quarters were provided. - -In 1840 there was a great gathering at Fort Meigs—a military station -at the rapids of the Maumee river, near Perrysburg, Ohio, built -by General William Henry Harrison in 1813. A number of military -companies from various parts of the West attended the meeting—among -them the Cleveland Grays with its gun squad. The members of both -organizations distinguished themselves by their accuracy in drill and -their soldierly bearing, for which they bore away a large share of -the honors. - -Stimulated by their success to greater exertions the young -artillerists continued their practice with the greatest assiduity, -attaining a perfection that was in the highest degree creditable, -and they fairly deserved the plaudits that were so freely bestowed -upon them whenever they appeared in public. Valuable instruction -and assistance were received from members of Major Fay’s company, -before mentioned. The drill was in the French style of tactics then -in vogue, and generally known as “flying artillery.” - -In 1845 the gun squad “seceded” from the Grays, forming a separate -organization known as the Cleveland Light Artillery, with two -12-pound guns, and a large increase in its active membership. David -L. Wood was chosen captain. Among those who at this early day -belonged to the company were James Barnett, W. E. Lawrence, Seymour -Race, W. H. Hayward and W. E. Standart, all of whom remained in -active membership and were prominent during the war as members of the -First Ohio Light Artillery. - -The increase in the company, both in size and equipment, made it -necessary to have better quarters. An armory was built on Bank -street, in the rear of what is now the block next north of the -Mercantile National Bank, and the company evacuated the old Erie -street barn. It was at this time fully organized as a mounted battery -of two pieces, with caissons, harness, and everything complete, all -of which equipment was provided at private expense, as were also -the uniforms of the men. Whenever the battery appeared on public -occasions or went out for field practice all expenses including the -use of horses were borne by the company. - -On September 10, 1846, a large military encampment was held at -Wooster, Ohio, in which the Cleveland Light Artillery was invited to -participate. The company, fully mounted and equipped, made the march -from Cleveland to and from that place, the distance both ways being -something over one hundred miles. This would not have been considered -much of a march during the war, but it was the first campaign of the -company, and was a great event in those days. During their stay at -Wooster the artillerymen received the highest encomiums for their -excellent appearance and drill. - -July 4, 1847, a great river and harbor convention was held at -Chicago. The artillery accepted an urgent invitation to attend, going -by lake on the steamer Sultana, a boat famous at that day, commanded -by Captain Gilman Appleby. While there the company gave several -exhibitions, acquitting itself with such credit as to win unstinted -praise. The effect was to stir up the military spirit in Chicago to -such a degree that a light battery was at once organized there. The -Cleveland company furnished an instructor and otherwise assisted in -equipping the battery. - -The Chicago company owed its existence in a great measure to the -Cleveland Artillery. It grew and prospered, and early in the war -became the nucleus of the First Regiment Illinois Light Artillery, -as the Cleveland company did of the Ohio regiment. Indeed, it may -fairly be said that the influence of the Cleveland Artillery was -a wide-spread, and a potential factor, through the removal of its -members from time to time, in awakening an interest before the war -in that arm of the military service. During the war there was no -inconsiderable number of artillery officers who entered the army from -other states, whose first instruction was received years before, -while members of the old Cleveland battery. Its complement of men was -usually from seventy-five to one hundred, and during the twenty years -and more of its existence many of these dropped out of the ranks and -were widely scattered, their places being filled by others. The seed -thus sown produced an abundant crop of artillerymen. - -General Barnett tells that in the fall of 1863 he was directing -the march of some artillery through one of the valleys between the -mountain ranges near Chattanooga. The weather was cold and wet and -the roads wretched. He came upon a Missouri battery stuck fast in -the Tennessee mud. Gun carriages and caissons were sunk to the hubs -and obstinately refused to budge an inch, despite the floundering -efforts of the panting horses and the picturesque profanity of the -drivers. Animals and men were wet and bespattered, and about equally -discouraged. The captain, in a despairing condition, sat on his horse -surveying the scene, apparently caring little whether there were any -stars left in the old flag or not. Gen. Barnett doubled teams with -him and at length succeeded in “yanking” him out of the mire. In -conversation with him the general learned that the captain was an -old-time member of the Cleveland artillery, and it was in consequence -of what he learned in that company that he was induced to raise a -battery and go to war in earnest. - -In October, 1847, A. S. Sanford was elected captain of the Artillery -and continued in that position for four years. David L. Wood was then -again chosen and continued in command until a short time before the -breaking out of the war. - -The Cleveland Light Artillery was so successful and popular that in -1851 it was doubled in strength and its armament was increased to -four guns. At this time there was no organization of the militia -of Ohio, and very little had been done by the state authorities -to foster and encourage the military spirit. Few could then have -believed that ten years later the tocsin of war would be sounded, and -that more than three hundred thousand men from Ohio alone would march -to the tented field—and not for holiday or “feather-bed” soldiering, -either. It is safe to say that Ohio will never again be found in a -state of such unreadiness—but may the good Lord deliver us from any -more war! The survivors of the First Ohio Light Artillery will all -devoutly say Amen to this. Like all the rest who served in the Civil -War, they know when they have had enough. - -After much urging and coaxing the state authorities did at length -consent to lend a helping hand. When the Cleveland Artillery was -enlarged to a four-gun battery the state furnished the guns and -harness. The company supplied everything else, including caissons, -uniforms, and equipments of every kind. It still retained its status -as an independent organization. In fact there was no law of Ohio -authorizing artillery companies in any shape, and the small aid -that was grudgingly extended to the Cleveland battery was more of a -gratuity than anything else. - -But the company continued to prosper just the same. Its membership -was composed of excellent material, including young men from many -of the best families of the city. All were earnest and ambitious -in their efforts and they soon reached a high state of skill and -efficiency in handling their guns and in all the details of the -tactics in which they were instructed. They had showy uniforms -for public occasions, with plenty of red in them, suggestive of -sanguinary scenes, and presented a really gorgeous appearance when -parading the streets. They won the applause of the multitude, the -smiles of the fair, and admiring yells from the small boys. For -in those ante-bellum days a cannon on wheels was regarded with -unspeakable awe; and a man in military dress awakened the liveliest -emotions in the popular mind. - -In February, 1852, the company was first called upon for military -duty. On the 17th of that month a serious riot occurred at a medical -college situated at the corner of Prospect and Ontario streets. -The trouble grew out of the exposure of some human bones from the -dissecting room. A citizen who imagined them to be the remains of -his daughter, whose body he thought had been stolen for dissection, -gathered a formidable mob of excited people and moved upon the -college with the avowed purpose of razing it to the ground and of -hanging the doctors and students to the nearest lamp posts. The -sheriff soon found that he had more on hand than he could manage and -ordered out the Light Artillery to his assistance. The members of -the company responded with alacrity and promptly appeared upon the -ground, unlimbering their pieces they double shotted them in full -view of the rioters, who were warned that if they did not instantly -disperse the guns would be fired. The men stood at their posts, ready -to fire at the word, but the rioters broke and fled from the scene, -in a slate of confused demoralization. For precautionary reasons the -battery remained on duty, “holding the fort,” for forty-eight hours, -by the end of which time the excitement had abated and there was no -repetition of the hostile demonstration. - -This incident clearly showed the value of such a body of trained men, -to meet emergencies liable at times to arise in a rapidly growing -city, where sudden excitement, often without reason, leads unthinking -men to acts of lawlessness, which set the civil authorities at -defiance. The company had fairly won its first victory, fortunately a -bloodless one. Its members were highly complimented for their prompt -response to the call and their cool steadiness in the face of the -excited mob. It was an occasion to test the stuff they were made of, -though not to be compared with the scenes of carnage that some of -those men faced without flinching in after years. - -The people of Cleveland began to feel a pride in the Light Artillery, -and to give the company substantial support and assistance. Again it -became necessary to have more commodious quarters, and sufficient -funds were contributed by the citizens and the members of the company -to build a new armory. The building was erected in 1852, near the -present junction of Ohio and Hill streets. The use of the ground on -which it stood was given by Mr. John Walworth. - -The fame of the company went abroad throughout the land and -invitations were received from far and near to attend large public -gatherings. In 1852 an excursion was made by lake to Sandusky, at -the request of citizens of that place, by whom the artillerists -were handsomely entertained. In September of the same year the -anniversary of the Battle of Lundy’s Lane was celebrated by an -immense assemblage of people with great pomp and ceremony at Niagara -Falls. The Cleveland Light Artillery, accompanied by a large number -of its friends, went by steamer to Buffalo. There the horses were -hitched to guns and caissons and the company marched to the Falls, -attracting much attention along the route. The battery took an -active part in the celebration, dividing the honors with Major Fay’s -“crack” Buffalo company of artillery. In 1853 the Cleveland company -attended by special invitation a large encampment of the New York -state militia at Syracuse, commanded by General Swan. The battery was -warmly received and was a prominent feature of the encampment. - -The Ohio street armory was occupied for two or three years when, the -location being for various reasons undesirable, it was decided to -move once more. Quarters were secured near the business center of the -city, in a brick building on Frankfort street, a few rods west of -Bank street, occupied after the war by Montpellier’s Variety Theater. -Here the battery continued to abide until it went to the “front” in -1861. - -At this time the company was in better condition than ever before. -In good quarters, with full battery equipment and fine uniforms, and -in an admirable state of discipline, it was everywhere recognized as -a model organization. On February 22nd, 1856, the Light Artillery -and the Cleveland Grays, upon invitation of the Rover Guards of -Cincinnati, attended a great military gathering in that city, to -celebrate the anniversary of Washington’s birthday. There were -present a large number of the best drilled and equipped independent -companies of Ohio and other states. None of them surpassed the -Cleveland contingent in excellence of drill and martial bearing. - -During the next three or four years annual encampments were held -for practice in gunnery and field evolutions, and in the various -duties of camp life. Frequent excursions continued to be made, in -response to invitations received from all parts of the country. The -citizens of Cleveland showed their increasing appreciation of the -high standing of the company and the honor it had conferred upon the -city by tendering its members occasional banquets which were largely -attended, and were occasions of much social enjoyment. These unsought -recognitions were most gratifying to the artillerymen and incited -them to the utmost efforts to “go on unto perfection.” - -It should be borne in mind,—as a fact in the highest degree -creditable to the company—that during all this time, embracing -a period of twenty years, the large expenses pertaining to the -organization, such as the purchase of uniforms and equipments -of every kind, the building or rental of quarters, the cost of -transportation and the employment of horses, were cheerfully paid by -the members of the company, with some assistance from time to time -by the citizens of Cleveland. The state furnished no part of the -equipment except the guns and harness, and these only for a portion -of the time. - -Below is given a complete roster of those whose names were borne -upon the roll of the company at different times during these years. -The names of the nine originally detailed from the Grays to form the -Gun Squad have already been given. The list which follows embraces -all who joined and served in its ranks from that time until the -reorganization of the battery under the militia law of Ohio. The -older residents of Cleveland and vicinity, who were familiar with its -people of thirty and forty years ago, will recognize in this roster -the names of many who are now, or were in the past, distinguished as -honorable and public-spirited citizens, who attained high positions -in business, professional or political life. A large part of the -old members of the Light Artillery are now dead. A considerable -number of these made the supreme sacrifice of life upon the altar -of patriotism, during the War of the Rebellion. Some of those whose -names appear removed to other parts of the country and rose to -prominence in the various walks of life. Some, including two of -three of the detail from the Grays in 1839, yet live in and around -Cleveland, commanding the highest respect and esteem of their -fellow-citizens. - -These gray-haired survivors have long had an organized association to -perpetuate the memories of “auld lang syne.” Regularly each year, on -Washington’s birthday, they meet around the social board and recall -reminiscences of the past. They hold in tender remembrance their -comrades who died for their country, and upon the annual recurrence -of Decoration Day they never omit to strew flowers upon the graves -of those who sleep in the beautiful cemeteries of Cleveland. The -association is gradually diminishing in number, as one by one its -members yield to the infirmities of age, but as long as any of them -remain these yearly gatherings will be continued. - -The list of members of the old Cleveland Light Artillery is as -follows, including all whose names were on its roll from the -beginning till the reorganization under the state law, in 1860: - - Andrews, J. S. - Adams, S. E. - Abbey, H. G. - Ashcraft, S. F. - Adams, M. - Barnett, James - Bond, M. P. - Bond, T. N. - Brown, Ben. - Beardsley, E. S. - Bliss, Stoughton - Bingham, Henry - Bradburn, Charles - Bennett, James - Bennett, John A. - Brown, J. C. - Burwell, H. F. - Berry, William - Bradford, Charles - Beardsley, Clint. - Babcock, C. H. - Bynnar, C. E. - Benjame, John - Bills, George W. - Bocking, R. C. - Blake, I. W. - Berry, Alfred - Baldwin, N. A. - Beck, D. D. - Bull, John - Born, C. P. - Beckel, F. - Broat, J. H. - Burkhardt, J. H. - Cowan, William - Cowan, John. - Calkins, G. W. - Casement, John S. - Craw, James A. - Crawford, Randall - Coon, John - Cowdry, C. W. - Cowdry, J. M. - Craigen, William - Cate, William - Champlain, Wm. A. - Chapman, W. H. - Craig, William - Crawford, Frank - Chapin, E. - Curtis, A. F. - Clayton, D. B. - Crable, John - Cummings, B. - Dockstader, Richard - Dockstader, W. J. - Dunham, C. H. - Dexter, B. F. - Douglass, R. B. - Dunn, J. E. - Dumont, W. - Ensworth, J. W. - Ensworth, Jere - Eddy, F. H. - Eldridge, George D. - Edgarton, W. P. - Flint, Edward S. - Freeman, J. H. - Feickert, C. - Geer, Hezekiah - Green, J. M. - Gerlacher, J. - Gruninger, Fred - Gardner, O. S. - Grimshaw, J. W. - Hayward, W. H. - Harmon, J. C. - Hill, James - Higby, Charles - Harbeck, J. S. - Houghton, D. W. - Haskill, J. R. - Hilliard, William - Haidenburgh, J. H. - Ingersoll, John - Jones, Samuel - Johnson, J. W. - Krauss, G. - Kelley, George - Kittell, William - Krieger, Frank - Lawrence, W. E. - Lyon, W. A. - Langell, S. F. - Lucas, M. - Leonard, Charles - Lewis, E. H. - Lewis, S. J. - Marshall, Alex. - Machette, Thomas H. - Merwin, A. - McDole, N. K. - McOmber, J. H. - Merriam, C. J. - Miller, W. L. - Miller, James - McMurphy, P. F. - Mastick, H. A. - McIlrath, James - Matthews, H. - Marshall, Geo. F. - Newell, N. M. - Noble, H. M. - Nelson, S. N. - Nelson, N. - Pickersgill, William - Palmer, Horace - Perry, J. S. - Paddock, T. S. - Potts, W. H. - Potts, R. C. - Pynchon, J. B. - Patrick, C. L. - Pratt, D. M. - Price, David - Prentiss, W. W. - Pelton, F. S. - Race, Seymour - Rice, Percy W. - Reese, C. S. - Redhead, N. W. - Ruple, D. S. - Robinson, J. T. - Robison, W. S. - Ruff, Peter - Rodder, C. B. - Russell, C. L. - Scovill, O. C. - Scovill, Edward A. - Standart, W. E. - Standart, W. L. - Standart, S. H. - Standart, Geo. W. - Simmonds, W. R. - Sholl, W. H. - Seymour, Belden - Strong, J. T. - Sterling, J. M. Jr. - Sterling, E. - Simmonds, S. J. - Selden, C. A. - Sturges, S. B. - Sanford, E. - Sanford, Nelson - Sanford, J. R. - Sturtevant, S. C. - Stevenson, M. - Smith, Pard B. - Sweeny, Thomas T. - Stevens, W. - Sheldon, W. B. - Silsbee, S. - Story, J. - Smidt, N. - Schent, D. - Shields, J. C. - Taylor, D. C. - Thompson, T. J. - Towner, W. - Umbstaetter, D. - Utley, F. H. - Wood, David L. - Walworth, John - Walworth, William - Whittemore, M. C. - Whittemore, H. L. - Warmington, William - White, N. D. - Winslow, John - Wilbur, J. B. - Wehl, V. - Weidenkopf, N. - Werlig, A. - Wilson, F. - -Before entering upon the reorganization of the Artillery, it will be -fitting to pay deserved tribute to the memory of David L. Wood, who -served as its commandant for seventeen years, and to whose zeal and -ability the company was so largely indebted for its honorable and -successful career. He was born in Litchfield county, Connecticut, -August 14, 1817. While yet a lad his parents removed to Buffalo, -where he learned the trade of a printer. Early in 1839 he removed -to Cleveland and at once identified himself with the Grays. His -connection with Fay’s Artillery Company in Buffalo, his detail from -the Grays as sergeant of the Gun Squad, and his subsequent services -in the battery have already been mentioned. Under the law passed in -1859 to organize the militia of Ohio he was appointed by Governor -Chase to the responsible position of Quartermaster General of the -state. So faithfully and efficiently did he discharge the duties of -the position that he was reappointed by Governor Dennison and was at -the head of that most important department of the state executive -when the war broke out in 1861. He displayed great energy and ability -in fitting for active duty the troops that so rapidly responded to -the call. But the true military spirit was strong in him and nothing -could satisfy him but active service in the field. He resigned his -position at Columbus and having been by the President commissioned -a captain in the Eighteenth United States Infantry—“Regulars”—he -went to the front in December. His regiment was afterward assigned -to Thomas’s corps, Army of the Cumberland. In the historic cedar -thicket at Stone River, where the Eighteenth was so fearfully -decimated, he was severely wounded. When partially recovered he asked -to be placed on such duty as he could perform and was put in charge -of a recruiting station at Marietta, Ohio. When John Morgan made -his famous raid into Ohio, Captain Wood took command of a hastily -organized company and joined in the pursuit of the rebel troopers, -bearing an honorable part in the action at Buffington Island. Soon -after this, although still suffering from the effects of his wound, -he applied for permission to rejoin his regiment in the field, but it -was not granted by reason of his disability and he was placed on the -retired list. - -He went to Cleveland where he was several times elected a Justice -of the Peace. In 1876 he removed to New York, in the hope that the -climate might prove more favorable to his failing health. He grew -worse, however, and in April 1881, he returned to Cleveland. He was -almost immediately prostrated by severe illness, which terminated -fatally a few days later. On May 2nd he died, sincerely mourned by a -wide circle of friends, and particularly by his old comrades of the -Cleveland Light Artillery, with whom he was so long and intimately -associated. - -Many will remember that for two or three years before the war, as -the fast-growing sentiment against slavery became more active and -aggressive in the North, there were mutterings that boded ill for -the peace of the nation. Those whose ears were alert heard sounds -that seemed to presage the fierce conflict that finally burst upon -the country in all its savage fury. These “signs of the times” -had the effect, everywhere, to arouse the state authorities from -their lethargy and measures were taken to encourage and promote the -organization of military companies. In 1859 the Legislature of Ohio -passed a militia law. The friends of the Cleveland Light Artillery -had for years been hammering at the law-givers, urging the importance -of state aid to such organizations. At last the idea found its way -into the minds of the state officials and members of the Legislature, -that an emergency might arise when a few serviceable cannon, and -trained men to use them, would be found “mighty handy.” So in the -new law they authorized the formation of artillery companies, each -to consist of a captain, lieutenant, two sergeants and twenty -privates, with one gun and caisson. The law further provided for the -organization of artillery regiments, each to contain not less than -six of such one-gun companies. - -In compliance with the terms of this law the Cleveland Artillery—four -guns—was at once reorganized into four companies, and there were -added one in Brooklyn, Cuyahoga county, and one in Geneva, Ashtabula -county. These were immediately organized into a “regiment”—though -its strength in men and guns was only that of a single battery after -things were placed upon a war footing. The following field and staff -officers were elected and commissioned by the Governor August 1, 1860: - - Colonel—James Barnett. - Lieutenant Colonel—Stephen B. Sturges. - Major—Clark S. Gates. - Surgeon—C. E. Ames. - Quartermaster—Amos Townsend. - Quartermaster-Sergeant—Randall Crawford. - -The companies of the regiment were commended as follows: - - Company A, Cleveland—W. R. Simmonds. - Company B, Cleveland—John Mack. - Company C, Brooklyn—J. S. Andrews. - Company D, Cleveland—P. W. Rice. - Company E, Cleveland—Louis Heckman. - Company F, Geneva—Dennis Kenny. - -The organization was officially designated as the “First Regiment -of Light Artillery, Third Brigade, Fourth Division, Ohio Volunteer -Militia.” - -The first public appearance of the newly born “regiment” was at the -unveiling of the statue of Commodore Perry, in Cleveland, September -10th, 1860. The occasion was an imposing one, and a number of -military companies from abroad were present and participated in the -parade, notably organizations from Rhode Island, which was Commodore -Perry’s native state. The visiting troops and distinguished guests -accompanying them were hospitably entertained during their stay in -Cleveland by the members and friends of the Artillery and the Grays. -A few months later the pomp and glory of a holiday pageant were -exchanged for the stern realities of “grim visaged war,” and the guns -of the Cleveland Light Artillery were hurling shot and shell into the -ranks of the rebels south of the Ohio River. - -Mr. Lincoln was elected President in the fall of 1860. As the -political campaign of that year progressed the result was -foreshadowed by the strong drift of public sentiment at the North. -The “fire-eaters” of the South wrought themselves into a high -state of excitement over their prospective defeat and for a month -before the contest was decided made lurid threats of secession and -revolution in such a contingency. The northern people were slow to -believe that these declarations were anything more than “wind.” Even -when they began to take definite form, after the election, the number -was yet small who believed there would be a conflict of arms. - -The success of the Republican party in the election was made the -pretext for the great revolt. Six weeks later South Carolina packed -her knapsack and marched out of the Union. Six other states followed -closely upon her heels, and in a short time four more. Beaten at the -ballot-box they determined to try the cartridge-box, but—as those -most interested in this volume will remember, for they helped to -make it so—this experiment was equally unsatisfactory to them in its -outcome. - -By the time the “cotton” states began to secede, and the people of -the South to show great activity in the organization of military -companies, the impression became quite general throughout the North -that the situation was critical and there was serious trouble -ahead—and not very far ahead, either. The great “coming event” of the -century was “casting its shadow before.” Every day but strengthened -and intensified the determination, through the great, loyal North, -that at all hazards the Union should be preserved and the flag -protected from dishonor. - -During the winter of 1860, months before the North was aroused by -the mighty reveille that sounded amidst the echoes of Sumter, many -independent companies then existing made a voluntary offer of their -services, provided they should be needed. Among the first to show a -desire to “get there” early and secure front seats was the Cleveland -six-gun “regiment” of artillery. As soon as there began to be a -smell of powder in the air the members of this organization promptly -developed an appetite for war. They sent to the Adjutant General of -Ohio a fervid communication tendering their services and stating that -they might be depended upon to respond instantly to the call of duty. -In two or three days an answer was received. The Adjutant General -commended their patriotism in the highest terms, and in the name of -the state thanked them effusively for their noble offer, but added -that he had no idea they would be called upon, _as it was not at all -probable that any cavalry or artillery would be required_! No doubt -this official’s views soon underwent a most radical change. But his -depressing letter had the effect of the proverbial “wet blanket” upon -the more enthusiastic artillerists, who were beginning to actually -suffer for a scrimmage. They were afraid it wasn’t going to be “much -of a shower,” after all! Nobody will say that during the ensuing -four years there was not enough to go around; everybody who wanted -any of it had abundant opportunity to supply himself. But after the -Cleveland boys heard from the Adjutant General some of them really -mourned over the prospect of “getting left.” - - - - -CHAPTER II. - -A PROMPT RESPONSE TO WAR’S ALARMS AND THE ARTILLERY GOES TO THE FRONT. - - -At half past four o’clock on the morning of Friday—unlucky day—April -12, 1861, the rebel batteries at Charleston opened fire on Fort -Sumter. The fort was surrendered at noon of Sunday, April 14. On -this day President Lincoln drafted his proclamation calling out -seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months. That night it went -out by telegraph, and on Monday the people of the North knew that the -last hope of compromise had vanished. Already the “dogs of war” had -been slipped, and the country was to be tested in the fierce crucible -of a mighty conflict. None who witnessed it, or were a part of it, -can ever forget the grand, patriotic uprising of the loyal masses, -from Maine to California, and from the Lakes to the Ohio river, to -avenge the insult of the National Flag. It need only be alluded to -in this connection. The quotas of the various states under the first -call for troops were duly apportioned, and in some cases were more -than filled in a single day. All the organized military companies in -Ohio offered their services, and all were clamorous that they should -be accepted. There seemed to be a generally prevailing fear that the -war would be “all over” before they could get there. - -The Cleveland Grays—from which the first gun squad of the Cleveland -Artillery was detailed more than twenty years before—left amidst -prodigious excitement for Columbus, became Company E of the First -Ohio Infantry, and started immediately for Washington. But so far -there was no call for the artillery. How all the men, from Colonel to -powder-monkey, chafed in the impatience of their raging patriotism. -It would be sad indeed, they thought, if, after all, it should prove -that the Adjutant General was right, and that “no artillery would -be needed”—or if a few cannon should be required the batteries of -the Regular Army would supply them, and the unhappy volunteers would -remain “out in the cold.” - -But there came a loud call for artillery, and the boys, who were -fretting themselves sick, had not long to wait for the glad summons. -On Saturday, April 20, the following dispatch went singing over the -wires: - - Columbus, O., April 20, 1861. - - To Colonel James Barnett, - Cleveland, O. - - Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including - Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith—Monday if possible. You can - hire horses for the guns here or at your point of service. Bring - harness and everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain - Colonel’s rank. By order— - - H. B. Carrington, - Adjutant General. - -This was received by Colonel Barnett early in the evening of the day -named. How the news spread through the city, as if borne upon the -wings of the wind! How it set the hearts of the impatient boys to -thumping and how they cheered at the tidings, while tears dimmed the -eyes and moistened the cheeks of wives and mothers and sisters and -sweethearts! - -Early Sunday morning Colonel Barnett issued the following order to -captains of companies: - - You will report your command of twenty men ready to march to - Columbus tomorrow at 12 o’clock, noon, at the Public Square. You - will have your piece and caisson and harness complete at the depot - between Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten - men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock A. M., under the - command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to your superior - officers. - - By order of the Adjutant General of Ohio. - - James Barnett, - Colonel First Regiment Artillery, - S. B. Sturges, Lieutenant Colonel. - - -A messenger was hurried out to Brooklyn to stir up that company, and -a telegram was sent to Geneva, carrying the news to Company F. - -“Ah, then and there was hurrying to and fro,” as the artillerymen -hustled around, engaged in hasty preparation for “going to war.” -In Cleveland, as everywhere else, there was a furious ferment of -excitement. For the moment business of every kind was laid aside. -The one absorbing theme was the opening conflict. Husbands and sons -and brothers had been called to the field to defend the nation’s -flag. Not only their immediate friends but the citizens generally -put forth every possible effort to fit out the boys in good shape. -Meetings were held and fervid speeches were made. But no stimulating -force was then necessary, for every heart was swelling with patriotic -ardor and the spirit of sacrifice. It was not a good time for the -utterance of “copperhead” sentiments. Had any one dared to express -sympathy with those who had fired on the flag his life would not have -been worth a rush. If there were any such, they kept prudently quiet. -People shouted and sang patriotic songs, and spoke words of cheer -and encouragement to those who were about to leave for “the front.” -The boys had little need, however, of being urged to obey the call -of duty, and sympathy was wasted on them, for they were in a state -of feverish anxiety for an opportunity to unlimber their guns in the -face of the foe. - -The state of public feeling was about as hot as it could be, but on -Sunday morning another dispatch was received which added more fuel to -the fierce flames and raised the temperature to even a higher point. -It was as follows: - - Columbus, O., April 21, 1861. - - To Colonel James Barnett, - - Can you bring your command here tonight instead of waiting till - tomorrow? If so, come armed. - - William Dennison, Governor. - - -Thus early people began to learn that there is “no Sunday in war.” -All that day the excitement increased. Those who took the time to go -to church listened to sermons on the duty of the hour. - -It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment in time to get -away on Sunday and the Governor was informed by telegraph that it -would leave early Monday morning. A dispatch from Capt. Dennis Kenny -at Geneva told that Company F was “red hot” and could be ready to -leave that night for the rendezvous at Cleveland. The necessary -transportation was provided and the company reported before daylight. -Company C. from Brooklyn, was equally prompt to respond, and half the -people of that town accompanied the boys to the city to “see them -off.” - -During the forenoon of Monday—April 22d—there was the greatest -activity among the members and friends of the regiment. The whole -city was astir and fairly boiling with excitement. Thousands of -people turned out, thronging the depot and the railroad leading to -Columbus, to witness the departure of the soldiers. The latter were, -of course, only provided with a “pick up” outfit, it being expected -that all necessary clothing and supplies would be furnished by the -state authorities. - -In order to start the boys in as comfortable shape as possible the -citizens contributed a sum sufficient for the purchase of one hundred -and twenty blankets—all that could be found in Cleveland suitable -for military use. The blankets were bought by Mr. Henry N. Johnson, -and the following memorandum of the purchases is given as an item of -interest: - - Number. Price. Amount. - - E. I. Baldwin 12 $ 1.48-⅓ $ 17.80 - Taylor & Griswold 3 2.50 7.50 - Alcott & Horton 92 2.00 184.00 - Morgan & Root 13 1.75 22.75 - ——— —————— ——————— - Total 120 $232.05 - -At about noon the regiment, numbering in all about one hundred and -sixty men, embarked on a special train. There were hasty and tearful -farewells and the train moved off amidst tempestuous shouts and -cheers, the waving of flags and kerchiefs and the music of brass -bands. - -At that time no one had more than a vague and foggy idea of what -war was. It had not yet become the serious matter that it was a -few months later, and during the four long and bitter years that -followed. The first volunteers went to the field with a grand -hurrah, impelled by motives of the truest patriotism, but with no -conception of the hardship and privation and blood and fire and -death that were before them. The sickle was sharpened but had not -been thrust in to reap its ghastly harvest. As yet there were no -stretchers nor hospitals nor ambulances freighted with mangled -victims; no miles of reddened earth strewed with the dead and dying; -no long, weary marches, through heat and cold and storm; no ravages -of wasting disease. All these were yet as an unopened book to these -men hastening to the field, and to those who with moistened eyes and -beating hearts bade them farewell and God speed. Only a few then -believed that there would be much of a war—that the trouble would not -all be over in sixty or ninety days. - -The following is a roster of the regiment as it left Cleveland, the -officers of the field and staff having been already given. A few men -who joined some of the companies a few weeks later are included: - - -COMPANY A. - -Captain, W. R. Simmonds; First Sergeant, John A. Bennett. - - Roger D. Throup, - Joseph Dunn, - John A. Benjamin, - Thos J. Thompson, - John J. Kelley, - M. Eugene Cornell, - John H. Blair, - George W. Clark, - Thomas D. Beckwith, - Edward P. Anson, - Isaac Cramer, - David H. Throup, - Richard Dunn, - George Bruster, - Henry New, - Henry H. Rebbeck, - J. Hale Sypher, - W. M. Camp, - Henry Moels, - Daniel Reynolds, - John R. Milton, - Amasa Bailey, - William Bruner. - - -COMPANY B. - -Captain, J. G. Mack; Lieutenant, Jacob Reider; First Sergeant, -Frederick C. Grauninger; Second Sergeant Mathias Adams. - - Daniel Scheuer, - George Chapin, - John Galcher, - Andrew Worley, - Charles B. Rodder, - Peter Ruff, - Adolph Menzelman, - Peter Reidenbach, - Lewis Fahrion, - Frederick Beckel, - Leonard Nerriter, - Abraham Fredericks, - Michael Schoemer, - Nicholas Weidenkopf, - William Ebert, - Lawrence Nigel, - Christian Tenfel, - Alexander Erhart, - Michael Lucas. - - -COMPANY C. - -Captain, F. W. Pelton; Lieutenant, Samuel Sears; First Sergeant, F. -S. Pelton; Second Sergeant, P. C. Schneider. - - Levi Fish, - William Fish, - Alexander Heve, - F. W. Wirth, - William Llewellyn, - C. E. Marcellus, - Frank Storer, - George Lyon, - G. R. Davis, - Edward S. Brainerd, - Abel Fish, - Henry Fish, - John C. Brainerd, - C. M. Dean, - J. H. Boyden, - J. L. Hand, - E. S. Allen, - William Grotzinger, - Frank Wattles, - Henry Roberts, - George Schmale. - - -COMPANY D. - -Captain, P. W. Rice; Lieutenant, J. H. Miller; First Sergeant, E. F. -Reeve; Second Sergeant, W. H. Hilliard. - - W. P. Edgarton, - George D. E. Murray, - D. S. Davis, - William Kidd, - H. G. Vincent, - Frank Wilson, - Robinson Smith, - S. W. Killam, - C. H. Rice, - G. W. Tillotson, - J. S. Harbeck, - N. A. Baldwin, - George Crawford, - J. C. Shields, - Henry Orland, - J. A. Sterling, - W. A. Champlin, - Alexander Marshall, - L. W. Thatcher, - Orlando S. Gardner. - - -COMPANY E. - -Captain, Louis Heckman; Lieutenant, Jacob J. Hauck; First Sergeant, -Henry Roth; Second Sergeant, Valentine Heckman. - - Louis Smithnight, - Frank Thaler, - Conrad Schwendner, - George Eshenbrenner, - George Bruehler, - Fred Wetzel, - Gerhardt Schmidt, - Henry Trumpy, - J. A. Zeller, - Albert Rigler, - Jacob Bomhardt, - George W. Payson, - Charles Herig, - William Schutt, - George Kugler, - George Wolf, - August Beiser. - - -COMPANY F. - -Captain, Dennis Kenny; First Lieutenant, H. S. Munger; Second -Lieutenant, Romanzo Spring; First Sergeant, J. B. Burrows; Second -Sergeant, C. D. Lane; Corporal, J. H. Coller. - - H. H. Thorp, - A. D. Myers, - W. E. Proctor, - M. L. Fitch, - H. W. Gage, - Theodore Stroughton, - Frank Viets, - E. D. Turner, - W. H. H. Crowell, - D. W. Dorman, - A. A. Burrows, - A. R. Paddock, - A. B. Thorp, - M. D. Stowe, - Myron Bartholomew, - M. Y. Ransom, - A. B. Smith. - -Musician—James Willis. - -Grooms—Edward Garvin, Milo Gage, Salmon Chambers, Edward Gates, -Thomas Morris. - -It may be remarked here in passing that the men were not long in -learning that there was something in “soldiering” besides romance and -“flowery beds of ease.” Before June 1st six or seven of them had been -discharged for disability by reason of sickness, and one made up his -mind that he had got all he wanted and deserted. - -All the way to Columbus the boys sang and laughed and shouted in the -exuberance of their patriotic emotions, and told one another of the -valorous deeds they would perform as soon as opportunity was afforded -them. At all points along the route the people greeted them with -uproarious cheers. Wherever the train halted the guns and caissons, -which were on platform cars, were regarded with the utmost curiosity -and interest by crowds of men, women and children. The engines of war -were a novelty to them. - -On reaching the state capital—where it had been supposed that the -regiment would debark and go into camp for a few days at least—an -order was received to proceed at once to Marietta, Ohio, by way -of Loveland. It was thought that Marietta was in jeopardy, being -threatened by rebel forces in Virginia. All the infantry companies -from that part of the state which had offered their services had been -sent to Washington. The city was wholly defenseless and there were -no troops to send there except the Cleveland artillery regiment. -After something had been learned of the art of war it came to be -considered the proper thing to always provide an infantry support -for artillery, but nobody thought of such things at the moment of -emergency. So the hundred and sixty fledglings from Cleveland, with -their guns and caissons, but without a single horse to move them, -were hurried away to prevent the rebels from capturing Marietta. It -is but justice to the members of the regiment to say that they had -an abiding confidence in their ability to hold that city against the -entire Southern Confederacy. As the train went whirling on through -the darkness all hearts were swelling with patriotism and a heroic -determination to obey every call of duty, even to facing death in -its most awful form upon the battlefield. They expected to commence -wading in blood immediately. - -Marietta was reached early next morning but no enemy was there to -fight. The air was full of wild rumors that legions of rebels were -approaching, with evil designs upon the city, and the people were -badly scared. The arrival of the Cleveland artillery, with real -cannon, had a reassuring effect upon the citizens. The men were most -cordially welcomed and received with unbounded hospitality. The -regiment went into camp on the fair grounds, placing the guns in -position to command the city and spread havoc and destruction among -any misguided people who should attempt to capture it. - -The regiment had as yet received nothing whatever in the way of -supplies from either the state or national government. Indeed the -men had not even been mustered into the service—and as a matter of -fact they were not until three months later. Immediate requisitions -were made upon the authorities at Columbus, by mail and telegraph, -for clothing, rations, ammunition, etc., all of which were quite -indispensable to efficient service. When ordered on from Columbus -Colonel Barnett had been assured that everything needful would -be forwarded at once, but the supplies did not come, nor was -the slightest attention paid to the requisitions. The Cleveland -contingent seemed to have been entirely forgotten. It was a pretty -clear case of “out of sight out of mind.” There may have been some -excuse for this in the fact that the call to arms had come suddenly -and found the state wholly unprepared for such an emergency; nor had -there been sufficient time as yet for the United States government -to adjust itself to a condition of actual war and provide for the -needs of its soldiers. The state authorities no doubt did the best -they could, but in the hurry of raising troops and rushing them to -the front in the shortest possible time everything was in the wildest -chaos. It is little wonder that things went at haphazard and it was -only by chance that any officer got for his men what they needed. - -As day after day passed and no answer to the requisitions came both -officers and men began to get a little warm under the collar. Colonel -Barnett prodded up the Columbus people daily, his messages growing -more and more pungent and emphatic. The artillery had not been -provided with a single horse and would have been of little practical -value in case of an attack, unless the rebels had kindly marched up -in front of the guns and permitted themselves to be shot down. In -this case the slaughter would have been fearful, had the boys been -supplied with effective ammunition. When the regiment passed through -Columbus the condition of the command was reported and the Adjutant -General had promised that horses and ammunition should be promptly -furnished at Marietta. As a starter he put into the baggage-car, -before leaving the state capital, several pork barrels full of round -shot, a few chests of fine rifle powder and a lot of linsey-woolsey -stuff, ostensibly for the purpose of making cartridges. The whole -“outfit” was entirely worthless. The shot did not fit the guns and -the powder was no doubt a good thing with which to go squirrel -hunting, but was little better than so much sawdust for artillery -use. It will be readily understood that at this time the Cleveland -Light Artillery was not in condition to do any overwhelming damage to -the Southern Confederacy. - -The men had no clothing except that which they had brought from -home. Few had a change of garments, as it was understood when -they left Cleveland that they would be amply supplied. They could -rub along a while with what clothes they had but they must have -“grub”—that was in the nature of a prime and fundamental necessity. -Patriotism was a good thing as far as it went, but it didn’t go a -long way in satisfying the cravings of an empty stomach. Appeals to -the authorities were in vain and so Colonel Barnett entered into a -contract with a man named Hall, of Marietta, to “board” the command. -There was nothing else to be done, and it is just to the authorities -to say that this bill was finally allowed and paid by the state. It -is also fair to Mr. Hall to say that he carried out his contract in -good faith, furnishing plenty of food which allowed small margin for -grumbling. - -The camp of the artillery in the fair grounds was named “Camp -Putnam,” in honor of an old and patriotic citizen of Marietta who was -a direct descendant of Gen. Israel Putnam—“Old Put”—of Revolutionary -fame. The men fixed up their quarters in a style that a year or -two later would have been considered luxurious in the extreme. The -kindness and hospitality of the citizens were conspicuous. No effort -was spared to make the boys as comfortable as possible. But even -under these favorable conditions some of the boys imagined that -they were having a hard time of it and were suffering a good deal -for their country. When they came to experience the real hardships -of active service in the field they looked back with unutterable -yearnings to the idle weeks that were largely spent in playing euchre -and “old sledge” at Camp Putnam. - -Colonel Barnett was in command of the camp and of the post of -Marietta. He enforced the strictest discipline and daily drills -rapidly increased the efficiency of the command. Early efforts were -made to secure a supply of better ammunition, as that hastily picked -up at Columbus was of no value whatever. There were no shells or -canister, and the solid shot were not only wrong in size but they -were not round and could not have been thrown with any degree of -precision. Colonel Barnett telegraphed to Cincinnati and secured a -quantity of shot that was promptly forwarded. He engaged the use of -a shop in Marietta where a lathe was put to work turning sabots, -and a laboratory was fitted up where cartridges were made and the -sabots were properly strapped to the shot. Nearly all this work -was performed by the members of the regiment. Many of them were -excellent mechanics and all were intelligent and willing. Such men -can do anything. The ladies of Marietta offered their services, -glad of the opportunity to do something for the cause of the Union. -Since the first tocsin of war they had been busy in scraping lint -and preparing bandages, until the supply seemed to be greatly in -excess of the immediate demand—for scarcely anybody had been hurt -yet, and a million or two of women all over the North had been -engaged in the work. Now there was a chance for the matrons and -maidens of Marietta to render assistance in another very practical -way. A bountiful supply of red flannel was procured and immediately -a hundred fair hands were at work, plying scissors and needle, in -making cartridge-bags. The ladies made a “bee” of it, and in a -wonderfully short time they had finished enough to last for months. -The fine rifle powder that was pitched on the train at Columbus was -exchanged for cannon powder, and the artillery began to look more -like business. This homemade ammunition was largely used in target -practice, which was deemed highly essential to future usefulness. Day -after day the air resounded with the roar of artillery, as the boys -sighted their guns at the targets and imagined themselves hurling the -whistling missiles through solid battalions of rebels. - -It was nearly a month before any supplies of clothing and camp and -garrison equipage were received. About the middle of May, Captain O. -M. Poe, of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, was sent by -Gen. George B. McClellan to inspect the Cleveland Light Artillery -with a view to its being ready for service, at a moment’s notice. -Capt. Poe expressed himself as greatly pleased with the command -and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing of its members. -He assured Colonel Barnett that it should be thoroughly equipped -without further delay. There seemed good reason to hope that at -length there would be something besides mere promises. A few days -later this was partially realized by the arrival of a quantity of -clothing, which made the men feel more like soldiers, even though -it was shoddy—and very poor shoddy at that. It is a fact that the -garments were of such poor stuff that a week or two of wear was -sufficient to finish them. They had to be thrown aside out of a -decent regard for the usages and proprieties of civilized people. -While wearing these clothes the men would break for their quarters -and hide themselves if ladies entered the camp. There also came a -lot of kettles, pans, and camp utensils of various kinds. These were -heartily welcomed, as the boys had been forced to make all sorts -of shifts, with such articles as were kindly furnished them by the -people of Marietta. - -About this time another idea appears to have effected a lodgment in -the minds of the authorities at Columbus, and that was that horses -were quite essential for field artillery. A stirring up by Gen. -McClellan caused a dispatch to be sent to Col. Barnett, authorizing -and directing him to proceed at once to mount the regiment—or -“battery,” as it was termed, for such only it really was—by -purchasing horses in the vicinity of Marietta. A day later came the -following, which will be of interest as a relic of the early days of -the war: - - Adjutant General’s Office, - - Columbus, May 25, 1861. - - Special Order No. 244. - - Col. James Barnett: Upon receipt of this order, if you have not - previously acted upon telegram sent this evening, you will purchase - for your battery 76 horses, upon the best terms you can, putting - them under the best discipline for prompt action. - - From advices received from Judge Putnam it is expected that you can - purchase for a sum not to exceed from 75 to 110 dollars each. The - army limit I understand to be 120. You should not exceed $100 at - these times, unless in special cases. Consult the citizens to whom - you have letters and report your proposals by telegraph. - - By order of Commander-in-Chief, - - H. B. CARRINGTON, - Adjutant General. - -To enable Colonel Barnett to carry out this order the sum of $10,000 -was placed to his credit by the State of Ohio, in a Marietta bank, -out of which the horses were to be paid for as fast as purchased. On -the same day the above order was received, came also the following -telegram, which threw Camp Putnam into a quiver of excitement and -caused a wild rush into the region round about to look for horses: - - Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio, - - Cincinnati, May 26, 1861. - - To Col. Barnett: - - Expedite the mounting of your battery and report to me when ready - for service. - - G. B. McCLELLAN, - Major General U. S. A. - -Six or eight of the best judges of horseflesh in the battery were -immediately sent out to scour the country. Whenever a suitable animal -was found that could be bought at a fair price an order upon Colonel -Barnett was given by the buyer to the seller, stating briefly the -sort of animal purchased and the price that had been agreed upon. -These orders were promptly paid by Colonel Barnett with checks upon -the bank. A few sample orders are given below. They were written on -cards, leaves torn from memorandum books and odd bits of paper of -every variety of size, shape and color: - - Col. Barnett, - - Please pay H. Sheets one hundred dollars for one daple gray horse. - - F. W. Pelton. - - - Col. Barnett, - - Please pay to C. W. Putnam one hundred and seventy dollars ($170) - for one sorril gelding and one sorril mare. - - John Newton. - - To Col. Barnett, - - Pay Mr. O. Pattin the sum of one hundred 100$ dollars in Ohio money - for one iron grey horse, weight eleven hundred, six years old, - fifteen hands high, wich we ar a going to keep with us. Sargt. - Gruninger want to keep him to ride and send the livery horse home. - - T. R. Wells. - - Col. James Barnett, - - Please pay Wm. Lamb one hundred and sixty dollars for two sorrel - mairs, 160$. - - Henry Faring. - -These orders, besides being of historical interest, go to show that -correct orthography is not essential to the purest and loftiest -patriotism. The “mairs” for which the last order was given were -accepted, although of the wrong sex to comply with army regulations, -which requires that horses purchased for the cavalry and artillery -service shall be of the masculine gender. Only males, of the equine -as well as the human race, are considered to be fit for war. - -Within two days the required number of horses was obtained. All hands -were busy “breaking them in” to their new sphere of usefulness. -Trained horses are only second in value to trained men for artillery -service. When it comes to “standing fire” there is as much difference -in horses as there is in men. Some animals appear to have a plentiful -supply of “sand” and display an intelligent courage that is almost -heroic, while others become sadly demoralized under fire and are -totally unmanageable. - -Meantime the air was full of rumors of projected campaigns into -the enemy’s country in which the Cleveland Light Artillery was to -participate. Something fresh in this line was circulated through the -camp every hour. No two of these “grape vines”—as the boys learned -later to call them—were alike, and they sufficed to keep everybody -in a state of furious agitation. The artillerymen had a consuming -desire to do something that would help to put down the rebellion. -Like all new troops, at every stage of the war, they were impressed -with the idea that their mission was to fight somebody, and they -chafed at the weeks of inactivity in camp. While it might not be -strictly true to say that any of them were anxious to test the truth -of the somewhat apocryphal statement that “it is sweet to die for -one’s country,” it may safely be recorded that they were eager to go -on the war-path, and as to the rest they were willing to take the -chances. An order to move was daily expected and the utmost activity -prevailed in the work of getting everything in perfect readiness to -respond at once to the summons. - -By this time an infantry force had reached Marietta, consisting of -the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel James B. Steadman, and the -Eighteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel T. R. Stanley. The Fourteenth -had been drilling for three weeks at Camp Tayler, in Cleveland. It -came with full ranks, completely armed and equipped for service. The -Eighteenth had not yet received arms and equipments, but these were -promised at an early day. In those days a regiment of infantry meant -a thousand men, and not a mere skeleton of two or three hundred, such -as were common later in the war, when the ranks had been decimated by -disease and the deadly storm of battle. The Fourteenth Ohio reached -Marietta on the 24th of May and the Eighteenth on the following day. - -The rumors of forward movements at length assumed definite form. It -became known that a campaign was about to begin across the river in -Western Virginia. On May 27th the following dispatch was received: - - Cincinnati, Ohio, May 27, 1861. - - To Col. Barnett: - - Upon the requisition of Col. Steadman you will supply him with a - detachment of two guns, with the proper officers and men. - - G. B. McCLELLAN, - Major General. - -On this day the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry went by boat to Parkersburg, -Virginia—the state of West Virginia had not then been formed—being -the first Union force to occupy that place. Col. Steadman took -possession without meeting any opposition worthy of mention. It was -now reasonably certain that the artillery would very soon follow to -take part in the campaign. Every man was directed to hold himself -ready to be up and away at a moment’s notice. - - - - -CHAPTER III. - -THE CAMPAIGN IN WESTERN VIRGINIA. - - -Picturesque dreams of mighty conflicts and fields of glory disturbed -the slumbers of those in Camp Putnam during the night of May 27th. -Nor were they far out of the way, for before another sunset, part -of the artillery would be en route for “the front.” Early on the -morning of the 28th a telegraph messenger handed to Colonel Barnett a -dispatch which read as follows: - - Parkersburg Va., May 28, 1861. - - To Col. Barnett: - - Send immediately to this place two companies of artillery, with - their pieces, horses, and three hundred rounds of ammunition. - - JAMES B. STEADMAN, - Colonel Fourteenth Reg’t, O. V. M. - -Colonel Barnett answered this telegram, informing Colonel Steadman -that the battery was entirely destitute of ammunition for field -service. A supply was hourly expected and upon its arrival the -detachment would be sent forward with all possible dispatch. In the -afternoon Colonel Steadman replied as follows: - - Parkersburg. Va., May 28. 1861. - - To Col. Barnett: - - If you can send two of your companies with their pieces do so at - once. The presence of the men and guns will have a good effect. - Send forward as many of the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry as are armed - and equipped. I want them to garrison this place. These are General - McClellan’s instructions. - - JAMES B. STEADMAN, - Col. Com’d Fourteenth Ohio. - -During this day there was a fusillade of telegrams from all sources, -among which were the following: - - Cincinnati, Ohio, May 28, 1861. - - To Col. Barnett: - - Two hundred rounds of solid shot and one hundred rounds of - canister will be shipped to you from Columbus this evening. As soon - as you receive it detach two pieces with an officer and complement - of men with ammunition to go forward and report to Col. Steadman - at the burned bridge on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad beyond - Parkersburg. - - G. B. McCLELLAN, - Major General. - - Columbus, Ohio, May 28, 1861. - - To Col. Barnett: - - Obey implicitly every order from General McClellan. Telegraph me - when you move a company. Keep me advised of all your movements. - Clothing and supplies go by your Quartermaster. - - H. B. CARRINGTON, - Adjutant General. - -These telegrams kept the members of the Battery in a continual fever -of excitement, which grew hotter every hour. In reply to Colonel -Steadman’s second dispatch Colonel Barnett telegraphed him the -substance of General McClellan’s dispatch, and informed him that the -two companies would go forward the next day. Camp Putnam was greatly -disturbed by the question as to which two of the six companies should -constitute this detachment. All were eager to go, apparently saddened -by the thought that this, their first, might be their last, and only -chance to get an experimental knowledge of what war was. The military -career of the four companies which stayed behind would terminate in -an inglorious journey home, the war over and no laurels crowning -their brows. Colonel Barnett selected Companies D, Captain Rice, and -F, Captain Kenny, as the fortunate ones. They were ordered to be -ready to embark early on the following day. The detachment was placed -in command of Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges. - -The ammunition arrived early next morning. Companies D and F, with -their guns, horses, and equipments complete, were soon on board a -special steamboat and left in high spirits, replying with great gusts -to the parting cheers of their chopfallen comrades who remained. -On reaching Parkersburg, May 29—11 p. m., about twelve miles down -the river from Marietta, it was found that Colonel Steadman, to -whom Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges had been ordered to report with the -detachment, had advanced some distance beyond that place on the line -of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, where his command was engaged in -repairing bridges which the retreating enemy had destroyed. The -artillery detachment pushed on promptly and joined him May 30—12 M. -At last they were on the “sacred soil” of a seceded state, ready to -send the echoes of their guns reverberating among the Virginia hills. -The Fourteenth Ohio boys gave the artillerymen a rousing reception, -greeting them with loud and oft-repeated cheers. - -At this time Colonel George A. Porterfield was in command of the -rebel forces in that part of Virginia, with his headquarters at -Grafton. The loyal sentiment in Western Virginia was very strong. -Those who favored secession were in a decided minority. It was deemed -of the highest importance to the Union cause to occupy the territory -as fast and as securely as possible, thus affording encouragement and -protection to the loyal people and holding that section from being -dragged into the vortex of rebellion, clearly against the will of the -great majority of the people. - -The Confederate authorities were equally anxious to retain possession -to recruit their armies, secure the supplies which the country -afforded, and bring every possible influence to bear upon the people -to induce them to cast their fortunes with the South. To this -end Colonel Porterfield, upon assuming command a few days prior -to Steadman’s occupation of Parkersburg, had issued a high-flown -proclamation to the people of Western Virginia. In sounding phrase -he called upon them to stand by their state and urged them to fill -up the Confederate ranks and assist in protecting their firesides -from the ravage of the invader. He assured them that not a foot of -Virginia soil should be surrendered to the hated “Yankees,” though it -took every drop of blood in his veins. A few days later he and such -of his soldiers as were not killed or captured were leaving tracks -behind them with the utmost diligence, in their efforts to escape -from their blue-coated pursuers. - -General McClellan was in command of all the Union forces in that -department. He planned the campaign and directed the movements that -were so successful during the early days of the war. The services -rendered by the three months’ men in Western Virginia were of -inestimable value to the government, even though the amount of blood -actually shed on either side was not large when compared with the -copious streams that reddened the earth before the war was finished. -The “battles” of those days would have ranked only as skirmishes -when the great conflict was at its height, when mighty armies met -and thousands upon thousands were slain or wounded in a single day. -But history has justly given an enduring fame to those who sprang to -arms at the first call, and by their promptness and gallantry saved -Western Virginia to the Union. In this campaign the Cleveland Light -Artillery bore a most honorable part and deserved the high praise -which was so freely accorded to it. - -The force under Colonel Steadman, including the detachment of the -Cleveland Light Artillery, advanced rapidly along the Baltimore and -Ohio Railroad, moving by train with occasional stops for the repair -of bridges and culverts. With such celerity was this accomplished -that on June 1—4 a. m., Clarksburg was reached, about eighty miles -east of Parkersburg. There was occasional skirmishing on the way, and -a few prisoners were picked up, but no action of moment took place. -The enemy retreated at all points before the advance of the Union -force. On May 30th Grafton was occupied, without loss of life, by a -force under Colonel B. F. Kelley, First Virginia (Union) Volunteers, -which made a rapid movement from Wheeling and secured a safe -lodgment at this important point. The rebels evacuated in mad haste -upon its approach. - -The rebel forces which had been driven out of Clarksburg and Grafton -fell back to Philippi, some thirty miles south of Grafton. Here they -made a stand and announced their determination to fight. It was at -once decided to give them an opportunity to do so. An immediate -advance of the Union forces upon that place was ordered. It was -desirable to again strike the enemy before he should have time to -fortify and otherwise strengthen his position. The rebel commander -was calling loudly for reinforcements and it was deemed of the utmost -importance to keep him on the run before his force should be so -augmented as to outnumber the Union troops. The greatest energy was -displayed in the movement on Philippi. Steadman, with five companies -of the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry and Companies D and F of the -Cleveland Artillery, was ordered by rail to Webster, within 12 miles -of Grafton, and the nearest point to Philippi. To reach the latter, a -rapid march of fifteen miles was to be made. Steadman’s command moved -from Clarksburg to Webster on the 2nd of June. Artillery in command -of Lieutenant-Colonel S. B. Sturges. At the same time another column -was advancing on Philippi from Grafton, under Colonel Kelley. The -whole expedition was in command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris, -Colonel Lamb acting as staff officer for General McClellan. - -It is now necessary to go back to Marietta and see what has become -of the four companies of the artillery which remained grumbling in -Camp Putnam when Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges went with the detachment -to join Steadman. The impatient patriots did not have long to wait. -One more night in camp, and then came a summons that electrified -them. The four companies, with all the goods, chattels and other -appurtenances thereto belonging, embarked on a steamboat and went -with all speed to Benwood, on the Virginia side of the river -opposite Bellaire, and not far from Wheeling. The trip of sixty-five -miles was made in a few hours and the happy Clevelanders set their -feet for the first time within the confines of Dixie’s Land. Barnett -reported to General Morris and was directed to move his command at -once by rail to Grafton, where the four guns were attached to the -column to be led by Kelley in the advance upon Philippi. The infantry -force consisted of portions of Kelley’s regiment, the First Virginia, -the North Indiana, Colonel Milroy, and the Sixteenth Ohio, Colonel -Irvine. This column was ordered by rail to Thornton, a few miles east -of Grafton, from which point the march to Philippi was to be made. -The route was four or five miles longer than that to be traversed by -the co-operating force to advance from Webster. - -General Morris said in his order to Colonel Kelley prescribing the -details of the movement, dated Grafton, June 2d, 1861: You must -regulate your march according to your own discretion, and your -bivouac or rest at night in such manner that you are sure of coming -before the town of Philippi as near 4 o’clock tomorrow morning as -possible. Should you this evening receive certain information that -the rebels have retreated eastward from Philippi, you will make the -resting time of your troops as short as possible, in order to follow -them up with all the speed the strength of your troops will allow. - -The right attacking column was under the command of Colonel Dumont, -Seventh Indiana Volunteers, to which the force of Steadman had been -joined, with part of the Sixth Indiana, Colonel Crittenden. The -following is the order of General Morris to Colonel Dumont: - - Headquarters U. S. Volunteers, - - Grafton, W. Va., June 2, 1861. - - Colonel Dumont, - Comdg. Seventh Reg’t Indiana Vols., near Grafton, - Va.: - - Colonel: You will proceed by railroad this evening at 8:30 o’clock - to Webster with eight companies of your regiment. At Webster you - will be Joined by Colonel Steadman with five companies of his - regiment and two field pieces of Ohio artillery, also by Colonel - Crittenden with six companies of his regiment. From Webster - you will, with this command, march on Philippi, using your own - discretion in the conduct of the march, keeping in view that you - should arrive in front of the town at 4 o’clock precisely tomorrow - morning. - - Information is received that the rebels are in some force at - Philippi. The object of your column will be to divert attention - until the attack is made by Colonel Kelley, and should resistance - be offered you are to aid him to the extent of your ability. In the - conduct of your column you must use your discretion, being governed - by such circumstances as may occur. When joined by Colonel Kelley - the whole force will be under his command. - - The companies of your command will take two full days’ rations. - Should you receive instructions from Colonel Kelley that the rebels - have retreated, you will join him at once and act under his command. - - By command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris: - - JOHN A. STEIN. - Acting Assistant Adjutant General. - -The intention was to surprise the rebels and the movement was -admirably planned and carried out to effect this result. This force, -leaving after dark, had reasonable assurance of reaching the enemy in -advance of any information from their friends and, as events proved, -did so. The advance was favored by the extreme darkness of the night -and a continuous fall of rain. These circumstances contributed in no -small degree to the complete success of the expedition, but they were -rough enough on the raw soldiers who made their first march under -such dismal conditions. - -All night, through the darkness and drenching rain, the two columns -pushed on, over roads so rough and muddy that they were in some -places almost impassable to artillery. It was only by the aid of -the men who swarmed around the carriages and put their hands to -the wheels, that the panting horses were able to drag guns and -caissons. To the volunteers, that night was a baptism indeed. They -tried bravely to keep up their spirits as they trudged along through -mud and water and stumbled over the roots and stumps and stones that -lay in their pathway. It was so dark that a man could scarcely see -his file leader. That nocturnal experience knocked the poetry and -romance out of “soldiering” with a suddenness and completeness that -was paralyzing. Most of these men “followed the flag” during the long -years of war. They passed through many such unspeakably wretched -nights and days, but nothing afterward seemed to equal in misery -those weary hours of floundering through the mire, with benumbed -limbs and soaked and dripping garments during that night march to -Philippi. - -There was no postponement of the engagement on account of the -weather, and promptly at the appointed hour, 4 a. m., the two columns -were in communication before the town. Like most of the so-called -“towns” in the South in those days, it wasn’t much of a place, though -the county seat of Barbour county. It had a shabby courthouse, a -still more shabby hotel, a few houses in which the Philippians lived, -and a name—that was all. - -The necessary dispositions for an attack were promptly and carefully -made, with the object of capturing the entire rebel force, whatever -it might be. At daylight the troops, which had nearly surrounded the -town in order to “let no guilty man escape,” closed in from different -directions to spring the trap that had been set. The early morning -visitation was a complete surprise to the rebels. There were a few -sleepy pickets posted at isolated points, several of which were taken -in before they had fairly got their eyes open. At length a few of -them sufficiently collected their scattered wits to fire off their -guns and then break for the town. This alarmed the main body of the -Confederate forces and in an instant the direst confusion prevailed. -Colonel Porterfield and his staff had their headquarters at the hotel -and were yet asleep when the alarm was given. Hastily throwing on -their clothes they quickly mounted their horses and dashed around -endeavoring to learn what the trouble was all about. - -The Union forces pressed rapidly forward on the heels of the -retreating pickets. The whistling of bullets told the rebels that -they must fight or run and that the decision must be made at once. -In the light of subsequent evidence it may be considered likely -that Colonel Porterfield was willing to fight, but the Confederate -soldiers deemed it best to run, and they did. They stood not upon -the order of their going but went at once and with the utmost -precipitation. It was a regular “skedaddle,” to use a word that was -current in war times. - -The Cleveland artillerymen had an opportunity to use their guns and -they made the most of it, to the extent of sixteen rounds. Although -sharing fully in the wild excitement of the first meeting with -the enemy they served their pieces with a coolness and skill that -elicited from those in command words of the highest praise. (It is a -matter of record that their missiles took off the leg of one soldier, -the first casualty by artillery fire in the field done by the Union -forces, but it is undeniably true that the roar of their guns and -the plunging shot greatly aided in demoralizing the rebels and -accelerating the speed with which they sought a safe place far in the -rear.) - -The rebels fled in wild dismay, utterly heedless of the efforts of -their officers to stem the tide of disaster. They had barely time -to get away, and left behind them a large quantity of supplies -and material of war which had been collected. The rear end of the -disorganized rebel procession had not disappeared when Colonel -Kelley’s column came in sight. His advance dashed after the enemy, -himself at the head, and there was a brisk skirmish. It did not -last long, however, as the rebels fled out of range at the earliest -possible moment. None of the Union soldiers were killed. A few were -wounded, and among them the gallant Colonel Kelley, who received a -pistol shot in the breast, which incapacitated him from duty for some -weeks. Prolonged pursuit of the fleeing foe was impossible, owing to -the extremely exhausted condition of the men after their all-night -march in the storm, while the rebels were fresh and able to get off -at a speed that defied successful competition. The command of the -Union forces devolved upon Colonel Dumont. - -The Confederate Colonel Porterfield and his staff had been living -in fine style at the village “tavern.” A good breakfast had been -prepared for them by “mine host,” but the latter suddenly found -himself entertaining unbidden and wholly unexpected guests. The -inordinate haste with which the rebel commander and his official -family evacuated the town would not permit them to partake of that -breakfast, and it was eaten, with profoundly thankful hearts—and -stomachs—by a company of Union officers. - -The following is an extract from the official report of the affair, -made to General McClellan by General Morris: - -“The enemy was entirely off his guard and was completely surprised, -as the reports of those engaged in the attack attest. The failure -to capture the entire rebel force can only be attributed to the -storm during the night. This unforeseen misfortune served to call -forth an endurance seldom exhibited, and I feel that the heroism of -officers and men was as truly displayed in a march of fifteen miles -in pitchy darkness, drenching rain, and over a mountainous country -as in the irresistible attack and hot pursuit of the discomfited -enemy. The last five miles of Colonel Dumont’s column was made in -one hour and a quarter. Many men fainted and were left on the road. -Others threw away their haversacks and provisions to keep up, rushing -forward with a determination that showed what spirit animated the -command. I regard it as remarkable that under such circumstances the -two columns were but fifteen minutes apart at the time assigned for -their meeting. An able reconnoissance in advance of Colonel Dumont’s -column was made by Colonel F. W. Lauder, whose voluntary aid I gladly -accepted, and to whose advice and assistance I am greatly indebted. -The immediate direction of the artillery was confided to him. After -the bridge was taken he pressed forward and joined Colonel Kelley, -rode into the enemy’s ranks and captured the prisoner reported to -have shot Colonel Kelley. He had great difficulty in restraining the -Virginia volunteers from summarily dispatching the man, who was a -noted secessionist and a quartermaster of the rebel forces. - -“From the reports of Colonel Dumont (who, by reason of the fall -of Colonel Kelley, had command), you will perceive there is much -difficulty in making an accurate statement of the enemy’s losses. The -killed are estimated at from fifteen to forty, which were carried -off it is supposed by friends, during the confusion incident to the -pursuit of the enemy. A large amount of camp equipage, provisions, -arms, wagons, horses and medical stores were captured, an inventory -of which will be made as soon as possible.” - -When the tidings reached Cleveland of the “battle” and the creditable -manner in which the “boys” had acquitted themselves, they were -regarded as the heroes of the hour—warriors of the first magnitude. -It was Cleveland’s first record under fire and the citizens -felt a justifiable pride in the honorable part borne by their -representatives in almost the first engagement of the war. - -That the action at Philippi was not more sanguinary was not the fault -of the Union soldiers. If the rebels had stayed no doubt there would -have been a warm engagement. It takes two parties to get up a fight, -and when one of them “runs away” in order that he may “live to fight -another day,” there is no alternative but to postpone the battle -until that day comes around. But it was a clear and unquestionable -victory, if it wasn’t a very big one. It was memorable as being -the first field guns fired on the Union side in the Civil War. It -was hailed through the North with loud acclaim. The newspapers -teemed with praise of the gallant men who won it, and the mails -were burdened with letters of congratulation and compliment from -friends at home. It showed that the raw volunteers from the North -had that endurance and pluck of which soldiers are made; it did much -to prick the bubble of idle boasting that one Southern man could -whip five “Yankees.” Indeed, it rather looked as though it was the -Southern soldiers who would not fight, and some people believed, -after Philippi, that the war was about over. Some of the victorious -blue-coats thought so and they felt an exceeding great joy that -they had been permitted to participate in the action that was the -death-blow to the rebellion. - -The satisfaction that filled loyal hearts everywhere was only equaled -by the apprehension and alarm in the South that were caused by -even so trifling a defeat as this. Especially was this true of the -Confederate forces in Western Virginia, which were for a time in an -almost hopeless state of demoralization. One point after another was -being seized and held by the Union troops; regiments from Ohio and -Indiana were hurrying forward to reinforce them, and there seemed -little hope of being able to dislodge them from that part of the -state. After the disaster at Philippi frantic dispatches were sent -to the civil and military authorities at Richmond, representing the -Confederate cause in that section to be in a desperate condition, and -urging immediate and decisive steps to reorganize and reinforce the -army, unless Western Virginia was to be abandoned to the enemy. It -will not be out of place here to give one or two extracts from the -correspondence which took place at this time between rebel officials -in Western Virginia and at Richmond. Under date of June 6th, 1861, -Major M. G. Harman, commanding at Staunton, wrote to General Robert -E. Lee: - -“From all the information that I have received I am pained to have -to express my conviction that Colonel Porterfield is entirely -unequal to the position which he occupies. The affair at Philippi -was a disgraceful surprise, occurring about daylight, there being -no picket or guard of any kind on duty. The only wonder is that -our men were not cut to pieces. They were all asleep and were only -aroused by the firing of the enemy. The safety of the Northwest -and of our inexperienced soldiers depends upon an immediate change -of commanders, and giving the command to a bold and experienced -leader. * * * * * I would again urge rapid reinforcements to regain -possession of the Northwest, and that I may receive from you -authority to call out and arm the companies from all the valley -counties and send them to that quarter instead of their going, as -heretofore directed, to their different rendezvous. Send up five -thousand flint-lock muskets from Richmond and I will have them -overhauled and put in order for use.” - -On the same day Major Harman sent a communication to Colonel -Porterfield in which he said: - -“Tomorrow I shall send you a field battery, accompanied by cavalry -and infantry, which will be joined by other troops on the way and -the whole force will report to you at Beverly. On the day following -from two to three thousand troops will be sent to you by President -Davis from Richmond. I have received a telegraphic dispatch from -the Commander-in-Chief of our army, saying: “Send a messenger to -tell Colonel Porterfield to be valiant and maintain his ground until -relief reaches him. Send him supplies if he wants them.” Having -received no official communication from you, but learning from -private sources, since the disaster to our arms at Philippi, that you -are almost without ammunition, I have determined to send you a supply -by express.” - -When Porterfield and his men left Philippi they did not stop running -until they reached Huttonsville, nearly forty miles southward, -and near Beverly, in Randolph county. From his headquarters there -Porterfield wrote on June 9th to Colonel R. S. Garnett, Adjutant -General of the Virginia forces at Richmond: - -“My force is not only deficient in drill but ignorant, both -officers and men, of the most ordinary duties of the soldier. With -efficient drill officers they might be made effective; but I have -to complain that the field officers sent to command these men are -of no assistance to me, and are, for the most part, as ignorant of -their duties as the company officers, and they as ignorant as the -men. I hope, if I am continued in command, that good staff officers -may be sent me to aid in organizing this raw force, than which there -is none more so now in the service. * * * It is necessary that at -least five thousand well-drilled men should be sent at once, as the -enemy’s army is being daily reinforced; and if aid is not soon sent -it will be impossible to keep the open field, even as a mere corps -of observation, but we will have to retire to the mountains, where -it will be most difficult, if not impossible, to provision even this -small force.” - -On June 11th Porterfield again wrote to Colonel Garnett and asked for -a chance to redeem himself: - -“The enemy remains at Philippi where they are reported to have about -five thousand men and are fortifying themselves. The same number are -said to be at Grafton. From five hundred to one thousand are said to -be at Cheat River Bridge and other forces are stationed at different -points on the railroads. * * * A regiment from Tennessee is expected -here tomorrow, having in charge, as I am informed, some pieces of -heavy artillery. No pieces heavier than 6-pounders should be sent -to this country until some position is selected to be fortified and -a strong and reliable infantry force is sent to support it. * * * -The percussion caps sent have nearly all been of small size, for -shot-guns, and not large enough for muskets. As reinforcements are -now expected, and we shall have active service in this part of the -state, I desire to be continued on duty here. It was not until after -repeated calls for aid, and when left with a small militia force -entirely unprepared for the field, that I asked for duty elsewhere.” - -But the Confederate authorities did not intend to have any more -Philippis if they could avoid it by a change of commanders. On June -13th General Lee wrote from Richmond to Porterfield, informing him -that Garnett had been promoted to Brigadier General and had been sent -to take command in Northwestern Virginia. - -A court of inquiry was created to inquire into the conduct of -Porterfield at Philippi and the causes which led to the inglorious -defeat and rout of the Confederate force. The court made an -exhaustive investigation and submitted, on May 4, 1861, a lengthy -report thereupon. A few extracts from this document will be read with -interest by those who had a hand in the game: - -“* * * On the morning of the day just indicated, at between daybreak -and sunrise, this command was attacked and taken by surprise; no -alarm or intimation of the enemy’s approach having been given by -the guard or infantry pickets until the enemy was within some four -hundred yards of the place, and had commenced the fire from his -artillery. It is shown that a main and picket guard, as strong as was -consistent with the effective infantry force present, was regularly -detailed and posted at distances sufficiently far out to accomplish -the object in view, provided they knew and did their duty, which -latter is strongly to be suspected, from the fact that, although in -advance, they failed to give any intimation of the enemy’s approach—a -conclusion which is strengthened by the report of the mounted -officers out with the scouting parties on the night of June 2nd, -that they had neither seen an infantry picket nor been challenged -by its sentinels, going from or returning to the town that night. -It appears that immediately upon the arrival of the command at -Philippi the officer in command, Colonel Porterfield, took measures -to place his force, which was raw and new in service, under a course -of instruction, and to select those in his opinion best fitted to -instruct the sentinels and guards in their duties. The testimony -shows that, while there was a certain degree of confusion in some -quarters, a portion of the command moved from the town in good order, -and that the whole force, nearly, after passing some distance, was -reformed and proceeded in order. - -“It is shown in the evidence that an expectation of attack or -movement on Philippi, shortly to be made, was generally entertained -among the officers and others of the command, and that intelligence -(how well founded is not known) was brought from time to time of the -strength and supposed intent of the enemy. - -“The testimony sets forth that this had so far produced its effect as -to induce the officer in command to call a meeting of his officers; -that the result of their consultations and deliberations was an -almost if not entirely unanimous decision in favor of immediate -retreat; that when Colonel Porterfield returned to the room (from -which he had been absent a short time), their opinion was conveyed -to him, to which he seemed loath to accede; yet, determined to make -a further examination of the ammunition on hand, and to prepare the -baggage and train for removal at a moment’s notice.” - -Here follow several points in which, according to the judgment of -this court, the commanding officer “erred.” General R. E. Lee, in -reviewing the case, approved the finding of the court and said: - -“The commanding general remarks with pleasure upon the coolness, -self-possession, courage and energy displayed by Colonel Porterfield -at the moment of attack; but he cannot exonerate him from blame -in not taking proper precautionary measures beforehand. Yet, in -consideration of all the circumstances of the case, he does not think -it necessary to do more than to express the opinion of the court, in -the hope that the sad effects produced by the want of forethought and -vigilance, exhibited in this case, will be a lesson to be remembered -by the army throughout the war.” - -After the action at Philippi came a season of inaction. The available -Union force was not deemed sufficient to make a further advance -without too great risk of defeat, which would put in imminent -jeopardy all the advantage that had been gained. For a month the -troops lay quietly at Philippi, detachments being stationed to guard -the bridges on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The headquarters of -the Cleveland Artillery were at Philippi, but the companies were -scattered, some of them, with their guns, doing duty with the bridge -guards. There were constant rumors of active service ahead and of -impending attacks by the enemy, but none of them appeared to have -any foundation in fact, for the weeks passed without any of “war’s -alarms” of a serious nature. - -During the latter part of June General Henry A. Wise became a -prominent factor in Confederate operations in Western Virginia. -At the head of a considerable force he threatened an attack upon -Philippi. As the Fourth of July drew near a report came to be -currently believed that on that day he would attempt to retake the -place. All arrangements possible for defense were made. Neither -officers nor soldiers had yet learned much about fortifying, in the -art of which they became so skilled at a later day, but some rude -works had been thrown up which promised to be serviceable and “handy” -in case of attack. Part of the guns of the Cleveland Artillery were -kept in position where it was thought they might do the most good if -there came a rebel visitation. A strong and vigilant picket guard was -maintained to prevent anything in the nature of a surprise. - -Most of the soldiers were in a sad plight as to clothing. Especially -was this true of the members of the Cleveland Artillery. Much of -the wretchedly poor, shoddy clothing received by them at Camp Putnam -had literally fallen to pieces. The men were actually in rags. Some -of them went around during those warm July days with only drawers -to cover the nakedness of their nether limbs. They looked more like -a congregation of beggars than patriotic American citizens engaged -in the work of saving the country. That pestilent insect, the -“grayback,” made its appearance and was soon on terms of the closest -intimacy with them. Probably not one in twenty of these innocent -young men had ever seen one of these things before. Most of them did -not even know that this carnivorous bug had an existence in the wide -and variegated realm of animated nature. But it did not take them -long to become extensively acquainted with him. - -Patriotic emotions were active as the “Glorious Fourth” drew near, -and although the American Eagle seemed to be in a bad way just then, -it was determined to have a fitting celebration of the day, whether -or not Wise kept his reputed engagement. Notwithstanding their -dilapidated condition the members of the artillery entered into the -matter with great gusto. The arrangements were made by a committee -consisting of Colonels Dumont, Sixth Indiana, Milroy, Ninth Indiana, -Lieutenant Colonel Dickey, Fifteenth Ohio, “Bob” McCook, Ninth Ohio, -Barnett, Cleveland Light Artillery, and others. During the month -previous the Union forces had been augmented by several additional -regiments, as designated above. - -An elaborate program was made out, which included speeches, music, -both vocal and instrumental, and, of course, the reading of that -patriotic but somewhat musty and dusty old document, the Declaration -of Independence. This always has been, and probably always will be, -considered an essential factor in a Fourth of July celebration, under -any and all circumstances, although nobody ever listens to it, or can -remember, five minutes after a single word of what it contains. In -casting about for a person who could read this ponderous paper with -fitting dignity and impressiveness the committee decided upon Warren -P. Edgarton, then a private of Company D, Cleveland Light Artillery, -who had won some reputation as an elocutionist, and he was promptly -detailed for this duty. - -Edgarton was in sore distress of mind over the condition of his -wardrobe. He hadn’t any clothes to speak of, and half the time was -running around camp with only a ragged shirt and a pair of drawers. -He had a fine physique and would tip the beam at about a hundred and -eighty. He had a sort of artillery jacket but it was three sizes -too small, and when he crowded himself into it he looked and felt -like a woman wearing a tightly laced corset; so that he didn’t put -it on except on state occasions, when his usual _negligee_ uniform -would be considered a gross and violent breach of army regulations. -He had a pair of shoes that were three sizes too large for even his -substantial and well-developed feet, in which he would go sloshing -around camp. At night he used to “park” his shoes outside, as there -wasn’t room for them in the tent, without crowding everybody out. -He wore on his head a little cap which, never within an inch of his -size, had so shrunk and shriveled under the demoralizing influence -of sun and storm that it only lay upon the top of his head, looking -not much bigger than a postage stamp. All in all he was a startling -and picturesque object to stand before a crowd of raging patriots and -read the Declaration of Independence. - -Something had to be done to get him into presentable shape for the -occasion. The honor and credit of the Artillery were at stake. -It would be an insult to the “Spirit of Seventy-six” for such a -half-naked tatterdemalion to get up and pronounce the thundering -sentences of Thomas Jefferson. So Colonel Barnett, Captain Rice and -others whose pride was stirred began to forage through the town for -some clothes that would adorn Edgarton’s shapely form and redound -to the credit of the Battery. A black claw-hammer dress coat was -found after a long search and the owner consented to loan it for -the occasion. This was supplemented by broadcloth trousers, a hat -belonging to one of the officers and a pair of fancy, high-heeled -boots. The latter one of the boys had brought along from home, with -a vague idea that they would be useful to him in putting down the -rebellion. They were not large enough for Edgarton’s feet, but he -contrived to squeeze into them at the last moment and to endure their -pinching while he was doing his part in “letting the eagle scream.” - -There had been considerable difficulty in finding a copy of the -Declaration. The Philippians of Western Virginia were not a literary -folk, and few of them appeared ever to have heard of it. At length a -copy was found, in a musty law book at the courthouse. - -Edgarton was greeted with hearty applause as he mounted the platform. -This was followed by general laughter at his unique appearance. -Such another “makeup” was never seen in the army, before nor since, -in this or any other country. But he read the Declaration of -Independence in fine style and was tremendously cheered. Lieutenant -Colonel Geo. B. Este, of the Fourteenth Ohio, followed with an -admirable address; the bands almost blew their heads off; patriotic -songs were sung; and the celebration was a great success. The rebel -General Wise failed to show up and nothing interfered with the -carrying out of the program. - -No sooner had the “Glorious Fourth” been fittingly and satisfactorily -celebrated than the troops were directed to prepare at once for -another campaign. On July 6th General Morris, commanding at Philippi, -received orders to advance early the following day, occupy Belington, -fifteen miles southward, and menace the enemy, who was in strong -position at Laurel Hill, near that place. The movement was made -promptly, according to the plan. The writer has before him a -yellow, ink-stained paper, a memento of the advance from Philippi. -It is endorsed “Programme, march to Laurel Hill,” and announces -the following order of the procession, the words in brackets being -supplied for explanatory purposes: - - First Virginia, four companies. - Milroy [Ninth Indiana]. - Steadman, First Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio]. - Barnett, four pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery]. - Steadman, Second Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio]. - Barnett, two pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery] - First Virginia, two companies. - Dumont [Seventh Indiana]. - Headquarters - Fulton - Dickey [Fifteenth Ohio]. - Crittenden [Sixth Indiana]. - Ammunition wagons. - Band. - Four caissons, two guns [Cleveland Light Artillery]. - -It will be observed that both front and rear were well protected -by artillery. The commanding general prudently sandwiched his -headquarters in the center of the column. We must also admire the -tender solicitude for the safety of the band, as shown by its -position as far as possible from the front and flanked by two guns -and four caissons of Barnett’s artillery. - -The march was begun about midnight. The movement was rapid and at -daylight the skirmishers struck the rebel pickets near Belington. -A section of the artillery was immediately ordered to the front -and a few shells were tossed among the enemy’s outposts, with most -demoralizing effect. The Union skirmishes, well supported, quickly -pushed the pickets back to the main line, which was strongly -fortified. Some of the pickets showed fight at first and there was a -brisk skirmish, in which the Cleveland Artillery suffered its first -casualty. George W. Tillotson, of Company D, caught a musket ball -in the groin. He received every possible attention and as soon as -circumstances would permit was sent to the rear. He finally reached -his home in Cleveland but never fully recovered, dying from the -effects of his wound, a few years later. He was the first man from -Cleveland to shed his blood in the Union cause. - -When the artillery was ordered to move there was the greatest -activity in preparing for the impending campaign. The men were -exceedingly anxious to acquit themselves with credit, and spared no -pains to make the battery as effective as possible. The ammunition -was carefully inspected and put in order, and the guns were polished -until they shone like mirrors. The men were “hard up” for clothing, -the supply having been exceedingly limited—scanty in quantity and -poor in quality. Every effort had been made to procure better -supplies but without success. The state authorities and the United -States government appeared to be about equally neglectful of the -needs of the soldiers. Rations were generally good and sufficient, -and there was little cause for complaint on that score. - -Whenever occasion offered the artillery served with excellent effect. -The years of instruction and drill at home proved a most valuable -school. The skill of the gunners in training their pieces and timing -shells was such as to win for them the warmest commendations. The -members of the infantry regiment formed a strong attachment for the -artillerymen. They had an abiding faith in the efficacy of Barnett’s -cannon, and when engaged in any movement seemed to be doubly -confident if accompanied by a section or two of the artillery. - -The order from General McClellan to General Morris was to avoid -delivering battle at Laurel Hill if possible, but to firmly press the -enemy at all points and hold him in his works, until the co-operating -column under General Rosecrans should come up and attack in flank and -rear. Rosecrans struck the rebels at Rich Mountain and after a hot -fight completely routed them, capturing many prisoners and a large -quantity of material of war. The confederate defeat at Rich Mountain -and the prompt advance of General Rosecrans rendered the rebel -position at Laurel Hill untenable. The enemy abandoned it in great -haste. - -During the few days that the troops under General Morris lay at -Belington there was constant skirmishing with the enemy. Day and -night all were kept on the alert, and the whistle of bullets began -to be a familiar sound. The guns of the Cleveland Artillery were -advantageously posted and were brought into occasional use. The men -were constantly at their posts. Now and then a shell or a solid shot -would be sent over to the rebels, just to let them know that the -“Yankees” were still there and wide awake. In an official report -dated “Headquarters near Belington, Va., July 9, 1861,” General -Morris says: - -“The instructions of the commanding general will be carried out, -although it is difficult to restrain our men from advancing. I hardly -know in what terms to convey to you their enthusiasm. Their coolness -under such fire as we have been subjected to (incessant since our -arrival), is most creditable to them, and establishes beyond all -question, if proof were needed, that they can be relied upon in any -emergency. The regiments in advance are Milroy’s Ninth Indiana, -Barnett’s Artillery, Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio, and Dumont’s Seventh -Indiana, all of which deserve special mention.” - -On July 12th the rebels, having retreated from Belington and Laurel -Hill during the day and night previous, General Morris moved in -pursuit. The following is an extract from a report made by him dated -“Carrick’s Ford, Va., July 14, 1861: - -“I reported yesterday morning the progress of the forces of my -command in pursuit of the enemy retreating from Laurel Hill. The -pursuit was continued through the day in the same order as stated -in my report of yesterday morning, viz.: Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio -in advance with two sections of Barnett’s artillery, next Dumont’s -Seventh Indiana and Milroy’s Ninth Indiana. These regiments started -in pursuit from our resting place near Leadsville at about 4 o’clock -in the morning. The remainder of the troops were on the march by 5 -o’clock a. m. A drizzling rain commenced about 6 o’clock, which by -9 became quite heavy. The enemy left the main turnpike and turned -towards Cheat river, crossing two branches of the Laurel mountain -over a narrow and rough road. Owing to the heavy rain the roads were -rendered very difficult for the men and the few wagons of ammunition -and provisions. By 11 o’clock the rain became a drenching storm and -so continued for several hours, the roads in the mountains becoming -almost impassable. At 2 o’clock the whole command was up in the -position we now occupy. - -“The attention of the commanding general is particularly called to -the gallant bearing of the infantry and artillery which led the -advance. I would also call attention to the fact that the entire -command commenced the pursuit on a few minutes’ notice, without time -to prepare even a day’s rations for the haversacks. I ordered four -wagons to be loaded with hard bread and pork to follow the command. -These four wagons, with the little additional rations put in with the -ammunition, are all the provisions the command has had since leaving -Belington, except some beeves procured in this vicinity. - -“The march of yesterday was from eighteen to twenty miles. When it -is considered that we have put to flight a force equal to our own, -and have pursued the rebels night and day for thirty hours, almost -without provisions, over a mountainous and difficult road, and part -of the time through a drenching storm, we may feel sure that our -cause must be successfully maintained by men who show such gallant -bearing and soldierly endurance.” - -Then came the brilliant attack upon the enemy at Carrick’s Ford, -which resulted in the utter defeat and rout of the rebels. Their -commander, General Garnett, was among the killed. The story of this -important engagement cannot be more concisely told than by giving -almost entire the official report of General H. W. Benham, who was in -immediate command of the Union force. The report was made to General -Morris: - -“In accordance with your directions, I this morning took command -of the advance guard of your column, consisting of the Fourteenth -Ohio, Colonel Steadman, with one section of Barnett’s Artillery, -the Seventh Indiana, Colonel Dumont, and the Ninth Indiana, Colonel -Milroy, in all about 1,800 men. With this force, as instructed, I -started from Leadsville at about 4 o’clock a. m. to pursue the army -of General Garnett, which, consisting, as we learned, of 4,000 to -5,000 men and four to six cannon, had retreated from the north side -of Laurel mountain near Belington the day before yesterday. It being -ascertained that the enemy had retired toward the village of New -Interest and thence, as was supposed, over a mountain road leading to -the Shafer Fork, or main branch, of the Cheat river, to Saint George. -The troops were brought rapidly forward on their route, so as to -reach the entrance of the mountain road—about seven miles march—at 6 -o’clock. A short distance after entering this path the passage was -found to be obstructed by large trees, recently felled, in about -twelve to fifteen places, and in nearly every defile for three or -four miles. Information was from time to time received that this -force, which had some fifteen hours the start of us from Belington, -was now only four to five miles in advance. This encouraged our -efforts, and though for nearly the whole time the rain was pouring in -torrents and the clayey roads were in many places almost impassable, -the spirit of the troops, without exception, as it came under my eye, -was such as to bear them most rapidly onward under all these trials, -super-added to that of hunger, with which the greater part of them -had suffered for the previous fifteen or twenty hours. - -At about noon we reached Kaler’s, the first ford of the Shafer -Branch or main fork of Cheat river, having within the previous two -or three miles fired at and driven in several pickets of the enemy -protecting those who were forming the barricades, and at one place -we broke up a camp where the meals were being cooked. At the ford -near Kaler’s, and at about half the distance to another ford, which -we afterward met with one mile farther on, we saw the baggage train -of the enemy, apparently at rest. This I proposed to attack as soon -as strengthened by the arrival of Steadman’s second battalion, with -Dumont’s regiment, when the thoughtless firing of a musket at our -ford set the train rapidly in motion, and long lines of infantry were -formed in order of battle to protect it. In a few minutes, however, -the arrival of Barnett’s artillery, with Dumont close upon it, -enabled the command to push forward in its original order, but the -train and its guard had retired, leaving only a few skirmishers to -meet us at the second ford, where, however, quite a rapid firing was -kept up by the advance regiment, and Barnett’s artillery opened for -some minutes to more completely clear the adjacent woods of the enemy. - -“We then continued our march rapidly to the ford, and as we -approached it we came upon the enemy’s train, the last half of it -just crossing, in the river. The enemy was found to have taken a -strong position, with his infantry and artillery, upon a precipitous -bank fifty to eighty feet in height, upon the opposite side of the -river, while our own position was upon the low land, nearly level -with the river. Steadman’s regiment, in the advance, opened fire most -gallantly upon them, which was immediately returned by their strong -force of infantry and by their cannon, upon which Barnett’s artillery -was ordered up and opened upon them with excellent effect. - -As I soon perceived a position by which their left could be turned, -six companies of Colonel Dumont’s regiment were ordered to cross -the river about three hundred yards above them, to pass up the hill -obliquely from our right to their left, and take them in rear. Owing -to some mistake, possibly in the transmission of the order, this -command crossed about double the distance intended and turned at -first to their right, which delayed the effect of the movement. After -some fifteen minutes, however, this error was rectified, and, the -hill being reported as impracticable, this command, now increased to -the entire regiment, was ordered down to the ford, there to take the -enemy directly in front at the road. - -“The firing of Steadman’s regiment and of Milroy’s, now well up -and in action, with repeated and rapid discharges from Barnett’s -artillery during this movement, decided the action at once. As Dumont -reached the road, having passed along and under their whole front, -the firing ceased and the enemy fled in great confusion. Dumont’s -regiment pursued them for about one mile farther, having brisk -skirmishing with their rear for the first half of that distance, -during which General Garnett was killed. The enemy would still have -been followed up most closely, and probably to the capture of a large -portion of their scattered army, but this was absolutely impossible -with our fatigued and exhausted troops, who had already marched -eighteen miles or more, in an almost incessant, violent rain, the -greater part of them without food since the evening and a portion of -them even from the noon of yesterday, so warm had been the pursuit -of the enemy on their hasty retreat from Laurel Mountain, twenty-six -miles distant. The troops were, therefore, halted for food and rest -at about 2 p. m. - -“The result of the action proves to be the capture of about forty -loaded wagons and teams, being nearly all the enemy’s baggage train, -as we learn, and including a large portion of new clothing, camp -equipage and other stores; their headquarter papers and military -chest; also two stands of colors and one fine rifled piece of -artillery; while the commanding general, Robert S. Garnett, is -killed, his body being now cared for by us, and fifteen or twenty -more of the enemy are killed and nearly fifty prisoners taken. Our -own loss is two killed and six or seven wounded—one dangerously. - -“In concluding this report I feel it my duty to state that just as -the action was closing, the head regiment of the body of troops under -yourself, though starting as I learn three hours later, the Sixth -Indiana, under Colonel Crittenden, came upon the field in excellent -order, but, unfortunately, too late to aid us in the battle. - -“The conduct of those gallant officers, Colonels Barnett, Steadman, -Dumont and Milroy, with the steady perseverance of their officers and -men in their long and arduous march, suffering from hunger, rain and -cold, with their gallantry in action, was most heroic and beyond all -praise of mine. Their country only can fully appreciate and reward -their services.” - -This was the most important victory that had yet been achieved -by the Union forces anywhere. It is true that very small figures -expressed the losses on either side, but loyal people everywhere -were anxiously watching for successes, and the “battle” of Carrick’s -Ford threw the whole North into a spasm of tempestuous rejoicing. -The pluck and heroism of the volunteers was lauded to the skies—and -it may fairly be said that they deserved it. The members of the Ohio -artillery, with whom this chronicle has particularly to do, had added -fresh laurels to those gained at Philippi and Laurel Hill, and the -people of Cleveland regarded them in the same light in which the -world looks upon the Six Hundred who made the historic charge at -Balaklava. So conspicuous were their services and so gallant their -bearing that they were awarded the cannon captured from the enemy -at Carrick’s Ford. At the close of the three months’ service they -took this trophy back with them to Cleveland. It was placed in the -Public Square, where it remaineth unto this day, with an inscription -upon it that he who runs may read. This inscription, by the way, -was at first fearfully and wonderfully made. A geographical student -would be impressed with the fact that unless the people of Cleveland -could fight better than they could spell they wouldn’t capture many -cannon in that or any other war. The inscription, which was put on -by somebody who was not within three hundred miles of the battle, -informed the wayfarer that the gun was captured at “Corricke’s -Forde.” The atrocious orthography greeted the public eye for nearly -twenty years, when it was corrected, to the great satisfaction of the -old survivors of the artillery. - -The writer has before him the official reports of a number of -Confederate officers who participated in the action at Carrick’s -Ford. Naturally they magnify the Union force and losses, and in a -measure that is ridiculous. They place the Union strength at from ten -to fifteen thousand, their own being but a tenth of that number. The -“Yankees” are estimated to have had on their hands after this action -material for one hundred and fifty funerals, with one additional -loss of from two to four hundred wounded. It will be remembered that -General Benham, in his official report to General Morris, states that -the Union loss was “two killed and six or seven wounded.” - -It is interesting to note the extreme caution shown at that time -by officers and others on the Union side in communicating with the -rebels. There was an evident desire to avoid the slightest word -that would appear to be a recognition of any official authority, -civil or military, among the insurgents. It was considered that if -a rebel general or colonel was addressed as such it was a virtual -recognition of the power that conferred such rank upon him. So, on -July 15, General McClellan addressed a communication “To the Officer -Commanding the Forces Commanded by the late Robert S. Garnett, Esq., -styling himself Brigadier-General Confederate States Army.” - -The battle of Carrick’s Ford ended the fighting of the Cleveland -Artillery in the three months’ service. The command moved back -to Belington and the artillery was ordered to report to General -McClellan, who had planned an expedition up the Kanawha Valley after -the rebel General Wise. He warmly complimented Colonel Barnett and -his men for their valuable services in the campaign under General -Morris, and expressed an earnest wish that they might accompany him -up the Kanawha. As a matter of fact they had not as yet even been -mustered into the United States service, and the three months for -which they were called out had expired. But, pursuant to orders, -Colonel Barnett reported with his command to McClellan at Beverly, -where the General made a personal appeal to the men to accompany -his expedition, and nearly all of them expressed a willingness to -do so. A few days later, before McClellan was ready for the Kanawha -campaign, came the first real battle of the war—that of Bull Run, in -Virginia, which resulted in the rout of the Union army under McDowell -and brought to the people of the North an actual realization of the -fact that they had a war on their hands. In the wild excitement that -followed this battle General McClellan was summoned to Washington to -take command of the Army of the Potomac and his plans for further -offensive operations in Western Virginia were for the time abandoned. - -A week later Colonel Barnett and his “regiment” of artillery were -ordered to be discharged and started at once for Columbus. It should -be stated here, to their credit, that the citizens of Cleveland had -done all in their power to contribute to the comfort and wellbeing -of the command during its service in the field. It has already been -said that the men were but poorly supplied with clothing by the -state and national governments, for which apparent neglect there was -much good reason. The three months’ men were called out suddenly and -pushed to the front to meet a great and pressing emergency. Their -services and sacrifices were of inestimable value to the country. -They secured a permanent lodgment at many points beyond the border, -and held the enemy at bay while the government was getting ready for -the mighty struggle which followed. The echoes of Sumter found the -nation totally unprepared for such a crisis, and it is not a matter -of wonder that the early volunteers who, with magnificent patriotism, -responded so promptly to the call, were but indifferently provided -for. The people of Cleveland contributed liberally, and twice Mr. -David Price came to the camp of the artillerymen with quantities of -clothing, food and delicacies for the sick. But for this most highly -appreciated kindness the boys in the field would have had scarcely so -much as fig-leaves to cover their nakedness. It is true there wasn’t -much “uniform” about the garments and they were a grotesque appearing -lot of men for soldiers, but it gave them a comparative degree of -comfort and they “got there just the same” as if they had been -arrayed in all the gorgeous trappings of martial splendor. All the -greater honor was theirs because they served so faithfully and well -and bore without complaint the discomforts and privations inseparable -from a campaign in such a country and under such circumstances. - -In due time, with little delay _en route_, the artillery reached -Columbus, homeward bound. The tanned and ragged volunteers, fresh -from fields of glory, were welcomed with great enthusiasm at the -state capital. They had done well their part and their fame had gone -before them, losing nothing in its travels. They were looked upon as -the saviors of their country and people of every grade and rank were -proud to do them honor. - -It may well be imagined that the boys were in a hurry to get home, -and the formalities necessary to their release were hurried as fast -as possible. The officers and men were paraded for muster and were -mustered in and out of the United States service at the same time. -Then all were paid off in gold. The amount received did not, it is -true, raise them at once to a condition of opulence. Less than fifty -dollars apiece didn’t look very large for more than three months -of such toil, hardship and danger, but for the time, with the gold -chinking in his pocket, each man felt as if he owned a bank. Their -financial condition was in marked contrast to the state of chronic -insolvency in which they had been so long, for they had had no funds -with which to patronize the sutler except such as was sent them at -irregular intervals by friends at home. Whenever one of them got ten -dollars he was looked upon as a Rothschild or a Vanderbilt and loans -were negotiated with a rapidity that soon exhausted his wealth. As a -general thing when a man got any money it was quickly absorbed by the -liquidation of his debts. After the interview with the paymaster at -Columbus there was a universal squaring of accounts. - -The horses and other property belonging to the state were turned -over to the authorities, and the “regiment” was soon ready to start -for Cleveland. The men had been permitted to bring with them from -Western Virginia (as a recognition of their valor and conspicuous -services), the piece of artillery captured at Carrick’s Ford, and -four long-eared mules which the rebels had used as the propelling -power of the cannon in their migratory wanderings. These trophies -were guarded with zealous care, for the boys were proud of them, as -they had a right to be. At Columbus they were objects of the greatest -curiosity and interest. War, right at home, was then a new thing to -the people of the country and anything of this nature was regarded as -a nine-days’ wonder. - -While at Columbus a telegram was received by Colonel Barnett from -Amasa Stone, Esq., of Cleveland, inquiring at what time the artillery -would arrive in Cleveland. The friends of the warriors as well as -the citizens generally desired to know in order that they might give -them a fitting reception. The dispatch was duly answered as soon as -the time of departure could be definitely fixed. At length all things -were ready, and after midnight of July 28th the happy artillerymen, -with their trophies of cannon and mules, left for Cleveland. How the -boys shouted and yelled as the train “pulled out” of the depot and -sped away toward “home, sweet home!” In fact they didn’t do much but -yell all the way to Cleveland. Their coming had been heralded along -the route and at every station crowds of people greeted them in the -most tumultuous manner. If the boys could have charged dime museum -price for looking at the gun and mules from rebeldom they would have -made their fortunes. - -Meanwhile elaborate preparations were going on in Cleveland to -welcome the returning volunteers with open arms. They were expected -to arrive during the forenoon and before 9 o’clock a great multitude -of people thronged the railroad and its approaches. It was something -like the crowd that, more than three months before, had assembled to -bid them farewell and God speed. Shortly before the arrival of the -train the city militia and the fire department marched down Champlain -street and formed in line near the railroad. - -At ten o’clock the train came in sight and as it drew up to the -point of debarkation at the foot of Vineyard—now known as South -Water—street a mighty volume of cheers went up from the assembled -multitude—cheers for Colonel Barnett, cheers for the brave soldiers, -and cheers for the cannon and mules that the boys had captured from -the “seceshers.” As the men stepped from the cars they were clasped -in the arms of loved ones, who wept tears of joy at the safe return -of sons and brothers and husbands. Then came the hearty and effusive -greetings of friends and acquaintances, amidst constant cheering and -the music of brass bands. It was a glorious reception, creditable -alike to the people of Cleveland and to those who so well merited the -demonstration. - -After the hand-shaking and words of welcome were over the returned -soldiers formed in procession, a conspicuous object in the column -being the rebel 6-pounder, to which were attached the mules lately in -the Confederate service. Two of the soldiers served in the capacity -of muleteers, each bestriding the “nigh” animal of one of the teams. -The novel outfit was prodigiously cheered along the entire line of -march. - -Escorted by the city organizations, the fire department and an -immense throng of people, the “veterans” marched up Superior street -to the Public Square, General A. S. Sanford acting as marshal. The -whole street was thronged with men, women and children, with smiles -of greeting upon their faces and shouts upon their lips. The windows -and balconies were filled with ladies, who waved their handkerchiefs -in kindly welcome and clapped their hands as the “brown soldiers -come back from the borders” went tramping by. Company D, Captain P. -W. Rice, carried a rebel flag captured at Philippi which was loudly -cheered—not because it was an emblem of treason but because it was -captured by Cleveland volunteers. - -Arrived at the Park the artillerymen were formed in a hollow square, -surrounded by thousands of people, and were addressed as follows by -Judge Samuel Starkweather, who had been chosen to extend a formal -welcome home: - - To the Light Artillery and Colonel Barnett, their gallant and noble - commander. - -I am commissioned by the citizens of this city to bid you a cordial -welcome upon your return, and to tell you that Cleveland fully -appreciates the value of your services and feels herself honored by -your achievements. She feels that some portion of the glory which has -fallen upon the noble men of the Cleveland Artillery rests also upon -herself. - -Whenever you have appeared the rebels have fled and have not dared to -show their faces. The Cleveland and Geneva artillery were among the -first to answer the call of the government to put down rebellion; -and when it was sought to destroy the banner of our country, you, -gentlemen of the artillery, rushed forth to the field to fight for -its rescue, and you did not return from that field until you saw that -beautiful banner floating from every Virginia hilltop. - -We have not been ignorant of the trials through which you have -passed, and we have admired the firmness with which you overcame all -obstacles that presented themselves to you and incumbered your path, -whether rugged mountains or rushing rivers, or hunger or fatigue. - -We have heard of you at Philippi—and the rebels heard of you, too, -and with even more lasting impressions. We have heard of you also -at Laurel Hill and Carrick’s Ford. I am happy, too, that we have -not heard of any violation of the rights of justice or of humanity -on your part toward a conquered foe. This has shown that you are -actuated by the same motives which have prompted our whole people. It -is not the object of this contest to interfere with the institutions -of any state, but it is our purpose to defend and preserve the -banner, that not a star may be blotted out or a stripe defaced. It is -to enforce laws to which we all owe our safety, our protection and -our happiness, and I know I speak your sentiments when I say that -whoever takes a part in this contest from other motives is unworthy -the name of a patriot. - -There is now being enacted a drama which is attracting the eyes of -the whole civilized world, and I am proud to say that the members of -this company have well played their part therein; and when the last -scene is ended no name will more adorn the history of these events -than that of the Cleveland Artillery; no achievements will rank -higher than those in which its members, our own gallant soldiers, -bore so conspicuous a part. - -Under the circumstances Judge Starkweather may be pardoned for -drawing a long bow, but candor compels the admission that when the -boys came home the “beautiful banner” was not, strictly speaking, -“floating from every Virginia hill-top.” There were still a few -hill-tops left over which the star spangled flag was not floating, -nor did it float till some years later. - -At the close of the loud and prolonged applause which greeted the -Judge’s address, showing how clearly the feelings of the people were -in harmony with the sentiments he expressed. Colonel Barnett made the -following brief reply: - - Allow me, sir, on behalf of my command, as well as for myself, to - thank you, and through you the citizens of Cleveland, for this - greeting, which was wholly unexpected by us. I have no words to - express the gratitude of our hearts toward our fellow citizens. - We have the satisfaction of knowing that we have borne our banner - in the van, and that we have endeavored to do our duty; and so - we return to you with a consciousness that we are not entirely - unworthy the confidence which we know you have placed in us. - -There was loud cheering and plenty of it as Colonel Barnett bowed and -retired, and the band struck up “The Bowld Soger Boy.” The exercises -over, the companies were variously taken care of and the crowd slowly -dispersed. A committee of German citizens took charge of Company E, -Captain Heckman, and Company B, Captain Mack, and escorted them to -Haltnorth’s, where they were filled up with refreshments, solid and -liquid. The four other companies were escorted to the Weddell House, -where a sumptuous dinner was served them in fine style. It made up in -some degree for the many times during the previous three months when -they had yearned unspeakably for a “square meal.” - -Later in the day the members of Company C, Captain Pelton, were -banqueted at their armory in Brooklyn Village, a committee of fifteen -ladies doing the honors of the occasion. In the afternoon Company F, -Captain Kenny, took a train to Geneva, where its members were right -royally welcomed. - -The following paragraphs from Cleveland newspapers of the time will -be of interest in this connection: - - - [_Leader_, July 30, 1861.] - - The returned soldiers all look well and in excellent condition - physically, although they are as brown as berries from exposure. - - Among the artillerymen who yesterday returned from the campaign in - Western Virginia were three members of Alert Hose Company—William - Kidd, foreman; Albert Smith, assistant foreman, and Private E. - S. Ransom. Of course, the social and genial Alerts could not let - them return without a welcome, so last night a merry party of - Alerts and a few invited guests assembled in the elegant hall of - the hose-house to celebrate the event over a splendid supper. - Toasts, speeches and songs followed. Finally, the hose-carriage was - illuminated and the company escorted the returned members to their - homes, the blaze of innumerable roman candles lighting their way up - Superior street. - - - [_Plain Dealer_, July 30, 1861.] - - The returned artillerymen are the heroes of the day. If you find - a knot of men collected on a corner, the bronzed countenance of - a member of the artillery is in the center and he is relating to - the gaping crowd his exploits and adventures among the rebels - in Western Virginia. It will be some time before their stock of - incidents is exhausted; and years hence the story may be rehearsed - to wondering grandchildren. They have come home after nobly - discharging their duty and meet with the warm admiration and - approval which they have so richly merited. All honor to the brave - artillerymen. - -At a meeting of the Cleveland City Council, held on the evening -of July 30th, the following preamble and resolutions, offered by -Councilman T. N. Bond, were adopted with great enthusiasm: - - _Whereas_, At the request of the Governor of Ohio the Cleveland - Artillery, embracing four companies from the city, one from - Brooklyn and one from Geneva, under the command of Colonel James - Barnett, left their homes and business on the 22d day of April, - 1861, on a day’s notice, to perform such duty in the defense of the - Government as might be required of them, and - - _Whereas_, After gaining the confidence and approbation of the - people on our southeastern border, by their fine conduct both as - soldiers and citizens, they rendered most important services to - the country in the campaigns in Western Virginia, distinguishing - themselves for activity, discipline and bravery in their laborious - night marches, and in the battles at Philippi, Belington and - Carrick’s Ford, and have now returned after more than three - months’ absence, with trophies of their victories and the - well-deserved approbation of their fellow citizens; therefore be it - - _Resolved_, That in addition to the public and spontaneous welcome - already given them at their reception yesterday, the mayor and city - council of the city, and in behalf of the city, hereby officially - record their high appreciation of the honor the Cleveland Artillery - and its noble commander have reflected upon the city whose name - they bear; that their self-denial, good conduct and energy and - their skill and bravery in the field have won for them unfading - honor; and that especially to Colonel Barnett, for his coolness and - judgment, his manly and soldierly bearing under all vicissitudes, - our thanks are richly due and are hereby tendered. - - _Resolved_, That copies of the foregoing preamble and resolutions - be duly engrossed by the clerk and presented to Colonel Barnett and - to the several companies under his command. - -These resolutions were transmitted to Colonel Barnett by Mayor -Flint—long an active and zealous member of the Cleveland -Artillery—with the following letter: - - Mayor’s Office, City of Cleveland, - August 4, 1861. - - Colonel James Barnett. - - Dear Sir: With this I take great pleasure, as the executive officer - of the city of Cleveland, in presenting to you, and through you to - the different companies under your command, the resolutions of the - City Council of the city, expressive of their sense of the valuable - services rendered the country in your recent campaign in Virginia. - - As a member of the earliest organization of artillery in this city, - and from which simple detailed “squad” of the Cleveland Grays has - grown your complete and valuable command, I take increased pleasure - in presenting to you these resolutions, expressing, as they do, my - own feelings regarding your action for the past three months. - - Respectfully yours, - E. S. FLINT, Mayor. - -The following appeared editorially in the Cleveland _Leader_ of July -30th, 1862: - - “When the proclamation of the President called for seventy-five - thousand troops Ohio sprang to the work of furnishing her quota. - The Cleveland Artillery was the only organized body of the kind in - the state, the artillery in other places being only single sections - or squads. Colonel Barnett had been the life of the four sections - which were organized in this city. He immediately took steps to - go into service with his command, and as soon as the necessary - arrangements could be made he reported himself ready for orders. - He was sent to the southern border of Ohio to protect it from - threatened invasion, and to be in readiness to move into Virginia - upon short notice. Since that time, without ever having been - mustered into either State or United States service, he has led his - brave boys through the campaign in Western Virginia, where they - have performed prodigies of marching and have fought a good fight - when the enemy has given them the chance. Colonel Barnett left his - business here to go to war and has labored unceasingly for the good - of his men and the discomfiture of the rebels. His services were - fully appreciated by General McClellan, who tendered him a very - complimentary invitation to accompany him to the Kanawha Valley. - Colonel Barnett intends, we understand, to raise a full artillery - regiment and go in for the war. We wish him all success and trust - his services will be appreciated and recognized at headquarters.” - -Thus these citizen soldiers, who at home often were scoffed at for -playing soldier in time of peace, by their timely military training, -were ready to, and did almost at a day’s notice respond to the call -of their country and served it well. The artillery piece captured -at Carrick’s Ford was brought to Columbus and turned over to the -state, but Colonel Barnett wished to take it to Cleveland. Said -Quartermaster General Wood, who then had charge of the arms of the -state, to Colonel Barnett: “I think no objection will be raised if -you take the gun to Cleveland; your men captured it and I guess you -can find a way to hold it.” The piece may now be seen on the Public -Square, in its way a monument to the valor and heroism of the old -artillerymen of Cleveland. - -With this elaborate and protracted welcome home, which would appear -to have been most satisfactory to all concerned, in both its -fullness and its cordiality, closes the honorable record of the -Cleveland Artillery in the “three months’ service.” Henceforward -we follow the fortunes of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery, -through its four years of brilliant service in the field. - - -INDEPENDENT COMPANIES. - -But the seed sown by the old gun squad and the First Cleveland -Light Artillery had not yet exhausted its strength. It continued -to take root, expand and blossom. Privates Joseph C. Shields and -Frank Wilson, of Captain Rice’s battery, after their three months’ -service in the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Artillery, imbued as -they had become with a military spirit, and with patriotic impulse, -soon organized an independent artillery battery, which was mustered -into service Sept. 10, 1862. It numbered 164 men, had six guns, and -was called the Nineteenth Independent Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light -Artillery. Captain Shields became commander, who at the end of two -years resigned, when Mr. Wilson, who had been first lieutenant of -the company, became its captain. The battery was in the siege of -Knoxville, in the East Tennessee campaign, in the siege of Atlanta, -Ga., and at other places of interest, historic in the great struggle. -The men were mustered out June 27, 1865, at the close of the war. - -In this battery was Quartermaster Sergeant Pardon B. Smith, who -afterwards became sheriff of Cuyahoga County, and now each year meets -with the “old association,” gladdening the occasion with spirit and -song. - -There was another man who belonged to this battery—Lieutenant James -W. Grimshaw—who may properly be mentioned in this connection. -When Fort Sumter fell there was great excitement in Cleveland, as -there was all over the country. Crowds gathered in the streets and -public places in large numbers. At one of these assemblies on the -Public Square in Cleveland, a man was imprudent enough to call out -“Hurrah for the South!” Mr. Grimshaw, standing near, immediately -shouted, “I say hurrah for the Union flag!” Soon bitter words passed -between the two men and a rough and tumble followed in which the -rebel sympathizers got much the worst of the fight. Thus the civil -war began in Cleveland! Lieutenant Grimshaw returned from the war, -was elected to the city council and died some years since, greatly -respected. Another of those who received a military schooling in -the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, under Colonel -Barnett, was Corporal Louis Smithnight. Like Captains Shields -and Wilson, the three months he had been in the war incited him -to further military service. He organized and became captain of -the Twentieth Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, which went -into service Oct. 29, 1862, for a term of three years. The battery -was in the siege at Atlanta, Ga., and in the battles of Dalton -and Chickamauga in that state, and in the battles at Liberty Gap, -Franklin and Nashville, in Tennessee. - - -BARNETT’S BIG REGIMENT. - -Early in the war the governor of Ohio decided to place in the field -a full regiment of artillery. The chief centers of population in -the state readily responded to the call and twelve companies were -soon organized, numbering in all more than 1,800 men, commanding -seventy-two guns. The command of this large force, a fair-sized -army in itself, was sought by several men of military distinction. -Quartermaster General Wood of the governor’s staff, who for so many -years had been associated with Colonel Barnett in the old Cleveland -Artillery, strongly recommended the colonel for the position. Sept. -3, 1861, Governor Dennison gave him his commission. But not only was -Colonel Barnett of Cleveland’s old gun squad made colonel of this new -regiment, called the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, -but three of his associates in this early school of artillery -training were given commissions of command next to him. - -Captain W. H. Hayward was made lieutenant colonel, while Walter E. -Lawrence and Seymour Race became majors. To have four of the chief -officers of this regiment all from Cleveland and all of the old -Cleveland artillery, indeed, was high honor. But these men who had -cherished fond hopes of leading their regiments to the front were -destined to be disappointed. An order came from Washington directing -the several batteries to report, some at one point and some at -another, where their services were deemed most needed. Thus the -companies were separated and the chief field officers were shorn of -active command. - -Colonel Barnett, however, was called to a higher position. He was -made chief of artillery on the staff of General W. S. Rosecrans, -one of the best fighting generals in the Union army; was with him -in battle and all the fortunes of war. Lieutenant Colonel Hayward -was made chief of artillery in the third army corps, third division -of the Army of the Potomac, under General Daniel Sickles, where he -did valiant service until worn out by hard work, April 1, 1863, -under advice of army physicians he was compelled to resign. Later, -however, recovering something of his health, he was made colonel of -the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Major -Lawrence became a colonel, served with distinction and died in the -service. Major W. F. Goodspeed, now a resident of Columbus, O., who -meets with the “old artillery association” each year, was one of the -best of the many good fighting men who belonged to General Barnett’s -regiment. He was mustered into the service as a private, became a -lieutenant, then a captain and came out at the end of the war a major. - -Major Seymour Race, heretofore mentioned, served two years in the war. - -Lieutenant John Crable is still another who received his military -training in the old artillery school. He was commissioned second -lieutenant in Battery G, Colonel Barnett’s regiment, and afterwards -promoted to first lieutenant, serving at times as captain. His -company distinguished itself in several important battles and took -part in others of lesser note. - - -“COMMISSARY” HARRY BINGHAM. - -Among the many of the old artillerymen now dead, few will be -better remembered than “Commissary” Harry Bingham, a man of small -stature, full of life and fun. It may be said that for some years -he contributed largely to the life of his military comrades. At the -beginning of the war he was in Wisconsin, where he soon joined the -military service. He became a lieutenant and served with credit. -Finally, however, the hardships of war were greater than he could -bear. For a time he lay sick at Nashville, was then brought to -Cleveland, where he died. His disposition to joke did not desert him -even when upon his deathbed. Said he with a smile, to a lady who -called upon him during his last sickness, “I’m a funeral, sure.” He -lies buried in Woodland cemetery. Who of his old military comrades -will not drop a tear to his memory? - -Many others of the old guard, some living and some dead, deserve well -to be mentioned in this connection. - -The history of the association itself may be told in a few lines. -At the close of the civil war, when regiments and various commands -in the war were forming associations and holding reunions, the wife -of Captain Wood, who made all the cartridges used by the old gun -squad, now residing in this city, past eighty-three years of age, -one day suggested to her husband the propriety of Cleveland’s old -artillerymen having a reunion. The thought was conveyed to General -Barnett, Colonel Hayward and others, who were pleased with the idea -and on the 22d of February, 1871, the members of the old squad then -living and other old Cleveland artillerymen met at the Kennard House, -formed an association of which General Wood was made president and -then and there had their first banquet. General Wood was continued -president of the association ten years, until his death May 2, 1881, -when General Barnett succeeded him. The general has been president -ever since, some twenty-three years. At the first meeting of the -association held after General Wood’s death, General Barnett paid a -high tribute to his old comrade. Among other things he said: “Since -our last anniversary David L. Wood, commander of the old Grey gun -squad, captain of the First artillery company in Cleveland and -president of our association since its first organization, has passed -away. It was he who first introduced into the then West, forty-two -years ago, the artillery branch of our old militia system. We can -say of our old comrade that he was an honest man. He had a bluff, -outspoken way, but a warm, generous heart. His pride was with his -old artillery associates. His comrades tenderly, with sorrow, laid -him away in the cemetery. We will and do reverence his memory and -our recollections are of a competent soldier, a patriotic man and -good citizen.” General Wood was born in Barkhamsted, Conn., Aug. -14, 1847, and died May 2, 1881 in Cleveland at the residence of his -brother-in-law, the Hon. O. J. Hodge. - -Thirty-four years have now passed since the first meeting of the -association and each year since it has had its social gathering, and -each Decoration day the members have strewn with flowers the graves -of their departed comrades. Such meetings, however, cannot be held -many years longer. The whitened locks of these men point to a day in -the near future when the members of the association will hold their -last banquet, when there will be no member left to decorate the -graves of the departed, but around their memory long will cluster -recollections of patriotic work and good citizenship, and those now -upon life’s stage, and those yet to come, with pride will study their -history and place upon their graves flowers, emblematic of love and -veneration. - - - - -CHAPTER IV. - - -The public reception of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery -(3 months) at their home as before related practically closed the -military career of that command; however, a large number of the -men enlisted in other commands, notably into the First Ohio Light -Artillery (3 years) the term being for three years or during the -war. It was soon found that through the emergency of affairs at the -opening of trouble and the improper muster in and muster out as state -troops that the men had no proper standing on the rolls of the Army -of the United States. This error was called to the attention of Hon. -Amos Townsend, then our member of Congress, who made many earnest -attempts to rectify the mistake through the Honorable Secretary -of War; those efforts were however unsuccessful, it being decided -as the muster roll showed that they were state troops, so the -matter ran along for years and until Mr. T. E. Burton was elected -to Congress. Upon representation of the case to Mr. Burton he was -at once impressed with the fact that fairness and justice to the -command required action of Congress, whereupon he introduced a bill -substantially the same as the one finally passed in January 1903, and -given herewith as well as the report of the Military Committee of -which General Dick was chairman. - -The command was very fortunate in having in Congress two such good -friends as Mr. Burton and Gen. Dick, men who have looked so closely -and faithfully that justice might be obtained. The members of the -First Ohio Light Artillery (3 months) owe these two men a debt of -gratitude which they can never pay but which is not forgotten. - - - - -FIRST REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY. - -May 1, 1902.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House and -ordered to be printed. - -Mr. Dick, from the Committee on Military Affairs, submitted the -following - - -REPORT. - -[To accompany H. R. 619.] - - The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was reported the bill - (H. R. 619) providing for the recognition of the military services - of the officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio - Volunteer Light Artillery, report the same back to the House with - the recommendation that it do pass with the following amendment: - - Add, after the word “organization,” in line 4, page 2, of the - bill, the following: “_Provided_, That no pay, bounty, or other - emoluments shall become due or payable by virtue of the passage of - this act.” - - A bill similar to the one under consideration was reported - favorably by the Committee on Military Affairs of the Fifty-fourth, - Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses, which bill, with the - accompanying reports, are hereby adopted and made a part of this - report. - - It appears that this regiment was the first body of artillery to - engage in the service of the United States in the late civil war. - They were hastened to the front on the 21st of April, 1861, and - rendered valuable service in the campaign in West Virginia. By an - omission, due to the haste with which they were sent to the front, - they were never formally mustered into the service by any military - officer of the United States. On or about the 30th of May, 1861, - while the command was being embarked at Marietta, Ohio, a United - States officer reported to muster them into the service, but the - commanding officer, General Barnett, stated to him that as his - orders were imperative to move with the least possible delay, he - could not wait the formality of a muster. They served until the - 27th day of July, 1861, and there appears to be no sufficient - reason why their services should not be recognized and the officers - and men considered to have been in the military service of the - United States. - -Reference is made to the affidavit of Gen. James Barnett, with -exhibits, and to the memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington for more -complete history of their service and the reasons why they were not -formally mustered. - - STATE OF OHIO, _Cuyahoga County, ss_: - - James Barnett being duly sworn, deposes and says as follows: That - for some time before the 20th of April, 1861, and at that date I - was the commanding officer of what was known as the First Ohio - Light Artillery, organized under the laws of the State as then - existing as a part of the militia force of the State. On the 20th - of April, 1861, my command was ordered to report for duty, and - immediately thereafter, namely, on the 22d day of April, 1861, left - Cleveland for Marietta, Ohio, where the command was on duty until - May 29 of the same year, upon which date a portion of the command - moved into Virginia. On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining - portion of the command went by boat to Benwood and thence to - Grafton, Va., from which time until the date of their muster out - they actively participated in the campaign in Western Virginia. - - On or about the 30th of May, 1861, while the command was being - embarked at Marietta, an officer reported to muster the command - into the service of the United States. This officer, if I am - correct in my recollection, was Colonel Sill. I am not very - positive as to the name of the officer, but it was either Colonel - Sill or Captain Cram, who said to me that he was sent for the - purpose of mustering my command. We were at the time busily - embarking. A portion of the command had already been sent down the - river to Parkersburg, and I stated to the officer that it would be - impossible to get the men together for muster, and that our orders - were imperative to move with the least possible delay, so it was - concluded to defer the muster until some proper time after we had - got into Virginia. The command went through the campaign without - muster, and soon after the expiration of their term of service - were ordered back to Ohio for muster out by orders from the War - Department. Upon arriving at Columbus the command was mustered in - and mustered out upon the same day, dating back their muster into - the date of taking the field. This muster was made by George S. - Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor of Ohio, mustering officer. The - muster rolls were changed from the printed forms, erasing the - words “United States” and inserting “State of Ohio.” - - I append hereto as Exhibit A, and make part of this affidavit, a - sketch regarding the movements of the command, which consisted of - about 120 men, and is a correct statement of its movements. This - sketch embraces pages 711 to 714 of the official register of Ohio - troops, known as the “Ohio Roster,” and published by the State. - - It will be seen from the copy of a letter from the - Adjutant-General, United States Army, to Governor Dennison, of - Ohio, dated July 27, 1861, which appears upon page 713 of said - record, that the command was recognized by the War Department and - under its orders during its service in Virginia. - - The telegraphic orders from General McClellan, commanding the - troops in western Virginia, set forth on page 712 of said record, - and others, were received by me and executed by me as the - commanding officer therein referred to. - - I also append pages 715 to 718 of said record, which contain the - muster roll of the batteries constituting said command. - - JAMES BARNETT. - - Signed in my presence by the said James Barnett and by him sworn to - before me this 9th day of February, A. D. 1895. - - [SEAL.] M. P. MOONEY, - - _Notary Public within and for said Cuyahoga County, O._ - - -EXHIBIT A. - -FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY. - -[Three months’ service.] - -Six days after the fall of Fort Sumter the following telegram was -wired to Colonel Barnett: - - COLUMBUS, OHIO, _April 20, 1861_. - - COL. JAMES BARNETT, _Cleveland, Ohio_: - - Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including - Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith. Monday if possible. You can - hire horses for the guns here or at your point of service. Bring - harness and everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain - colonel rank. - - By order: H. B. CARRINGTON, _Adjutant-General_. - -The news spread through the city of Cleveland (four of the batteries -were from the city of Cleveland, the other two being from Brooklyn -and Geneva) as though borne upon the wings Of the wind. Early Sunday -morning Colonel Barnett issued the following order to captains of the -companies: - - You will report your command of twenty men, ready to march to - Columbus, tomorrow at 12 o’clock noon at the public square. You - will have your piece, caissons and harness complete, at the depot - between Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten - men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock a. m., under the - command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to your superior - officers. - - By order adjutant-general of Ohio: - JAMES BARNETT, _Colonel 1st Regt. Artillery_. - - S. B. STURGES, _Lieutenant-Colonel_. - -Word having been sent in the meantime to the Brooklyn and Geneva -companies. - -Another dispatch was received on Sunday by Colonel Barnett, as -follows: - - COLUMBUS, OHIO, _April 21, 1861_. - - COL. JAMES BARNETT: - - Can you bring your command here to-night instead of waiting till - tomorrow? If so, come armed. - - WILLIAM DENNISON, _Governor_. - -It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment on Sunday in -time to get away on that day. The governor was informed by telegraph -that it would leave early Monday morning. The two outside companies -responded promptly, and at noon of Monday the regiment left Cleveland -for Columbus, at which place it was ordered to Marietta via Loveland. -Marietta was reached next morning, when it went into camp on the fair -ground placing the guns in position to guard the city against any -invasion of the enemy. - -About the middle of May General McClellan sent Captain O. M. Poe, of -the U. S. A. Engineers, to inspect the regiment, with a view to its -being ready for service at a moment’s notice. He was greatly pleased -with the command and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing -of its members. A few days later clothing and camp equipage were -received, all of which were heartily welcomed. Colonel Barnett also -received a telegram from Columbus to purchase seventy-six horses for -his battery upon the best terms possible; ten thousand dollars having -been placed by the State authorities in a Marietta bank to the credit -of Colonel Barnett, out of which the horses were to be paid for. - -On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett received the following telegram -from General McClellan at Cincinnati: “Expedite the mounting of your -batteries and report to me when ready for service.” Within two days -the required number of horses were purchased and all hands were busy -breaking them into their new sphere of usefulness and arranging to -move on a moment’s notice. The artillery was re-enforced by the -arrival of the 14th O. V. I. on the 24th day of May and the 18th O. -V. I. on the next day; the 14th being armed and equipped. - -On May 27 General McClellan sent the following dispatch to Colonel -Barnett: “Upon the requisition of Colonel Steadman, you will supply -him with a detachment of two guns, with the proper officers and men.” - -On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F, under command of Lieut.-Colonel -Sturges, left Camp Putnam, Marietta, by boat, for Parkersburg, W. -Va., with orders to report to Colonel Steadman, 14th O. V. I. They -moved rapidly along the line of the B. & O. Railroad, repairing -bridges destroyed by the enemy, so that on May 31st they had arrived -at Clarksburg, eighty miles east of Parkersburg. The rebels retreated -from Clarksburg to Philippi. From Clarksburg they moved to Webster, -and after a tedious night march arrived before Philippi at 4 a. -m., making short work of the rebel force. The roar of the artillery -frightened them so that they fled in dismay, heedless of their -officers, leaving large quantities of supplies and war materials -behind them. (This was the first Light artillery fired by the -national forces in the war of the rebellion. In this engagement only -a few men were wounded.) - -On May 30, 1861, the four companies at Camp Putnam with Colonel -Barnett moved by boat to Benwood, reporting to General Morris, who -ordered Colonel Barnett to proceed to Grafton, and from there marched -to Philippi, arriving too late to take part in that engagement. -During June the headquarters of the 1st Regiment Light Artillery was -at Philippi. The companies, however, were scattered; some with their -guns did duty as bridge guards. - -July 6th orders were received by General Morris to advance early -the following day, occupy Belington, and menace the enemy, who were -holding a strong position at Laurel Hill. At daylight the skirmishers -struck the rebel pickets near Belington. The artillery was ordered -to the front and shelled the enemy’s outposts with demoralizing -effect. It was in this skirmish that the artillery suffered its first -casualty—George W. Tillotson, of Company D, was wounded in the groin -by a musket ball, from the effect of which he died a few years later. - -July 12th the rebels retreated from Belington and Laurel Hill, -being pursued by the Union forces to Carrick’s Ford, where the 1st -Artillery opened fire on the enemy (who were holding a position on a -high bank on the opposite side of the river) with excellent effect. -The enemy fled once more in dismay. The rebel general Robert S. -Garnett was killed in this battle. A fine rifled piece was captured -and presented to the artillery, and this trophy is now in the public -square in the city of Cleveland. - -Its term of service having expired, the regiment moved back to -Belington, and remained there until ordered to Columbus to be -mustered out. Up to this time, like the nine regiments of infantry, -it was serving as a State organization, and while all other Ohio -three-months troops were mustered out by United States officers -and recognized as United States troops, this regiment, for some -reason, was mustered out by a member of the governor’s staff and is -recognized by the War Department as only a _State organization_. The -following letter, however, will show that it was the intention of the -General Government to place this regiment of artillery on the same -footing as other Ohio organizations that did service at the same time -in West Virginia. - - WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT-GENERAL’S OFFICE, - _Washington, July 27, 1861_. - - SIR: The nine regiments of Ohio State troops and Colonel Barnett’s - artillery of six guns and one hundred and twenty men, which have - been serving in West Virginia, will be sent back to Ohio, to be - there mustered out of the service. They, or such of them as may - be presented by you, will there be accepted and mustered into the - United States service for three years as regiments, companies of - cavalry, and batteries of artillery. The two sections of artillery - from Ohio (other than Barnett’s Battery) and the two companies of - cavalry from the State, all of which have been serving in Virginia, - will also be sent home at the expiration of their three months’ - service, to be there mustered out. They, or such of them as may - be presented by you, will then be accepted as specified for three - years, and will be mustered into the service of the United States - for that period. The same will be done in regard to the battery of - artillery and the two companies of cavalry at Camp Chase. - - In short, all three-months men are to be sent home to be mustered - out of the service. They, or such of them as may be presented by - you, will there be accepted for three years and sworn into the - service for that period as regiments, companies of cavalry, and - batteries of artillery. - - I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, - L. THOMAS, _Adjutant-General_. - - His Excellency Governor DENNISON, _Columbus, Ohio_. - - -This regiment was mustered out at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, July -27, 1861, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor of Ohio, -mustering officer. - - - _Memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington (U. S. A., retired), late - colonel Eighteenth United States Infantry. Brigadier-general - United States Volunteers, adjutant-general of Ohio before and at - commencement of the war of 1861-1865._ - - In re House bill No. 2400, Fifty-fifth Congress, first session, - “The muster of the First Ohio Light Artillery.” - -The peculiar conditions of the Ohio militia organization at the -outbreak of hostilities in 1861 explain the delay in properly -adjusting the record of this pioneer artillery corps of the United -States volunteer service. - -Unlike any other State west of Pennsylvania, Ohio had been for -several years engaged in perfecting a militia system by regiments, -brigades, and divisions. State encampments had been held, and several -of its general and field officers made immediate records after war -began. A single company furnished Major-Generals Walcutt and Jones to -the service. - -The artillery was represented by skeleton companies with one or two -guns each. Three companies, each making technically a “gun section,” -were organized at Cleveland, Brooklyn, and Geneva, with headquarters -at Cleveland. James Barnett, of Cleveland, was commissioned as -colonel, it being the purpose of the adjutant-general to organize -other companies in the State at large. These three companies or -sections, really composing but one battery proper, was the basis of -Colonel Barnett’s command when ordered to the field April 20, 1861. - -This battery had previously been inspected by Gen. Winfield Scott -at Niagara Falls while on an experimental march, and was well -disciplined and equipped. As early as January, 1861, the previous -governor, Salmon P. Chase, had urged the necessity of having the Ohio -militia ready for sudden summons, and within sixty hours from receipt -of President Lincoln’s first call twenty disciplined companies (two -regiments) were dispatched to Washington. The incomplete record of -the First Light Artillery grew out of the fact that artillery had not -been called for in the first instance, and the fact that troops were -needed upon the State border before any had been mustered into the -United States service. - -By act of Congress, 1789, militia, when called into the service of -the United States, retained their officers. The governor of Ohio did -not deem it wise thus to designate the general officer to command -the troops called for by the President. A special legislative act -promptly provided that the major-general might be taken from citizens -at large. George B. McClellan was then appointed and commissioned. -The President also appointed him major-general. But while thousands -of the militia and of volunteers went into camp, none had been -mustered into the United States service when their services were -instantly demanded in West Virginia. A demand came from Marietta, -Ohio, for artillery, as hostile demonstrations had commenced, -tending to the control of southern Ohio. A telegram received at the -Adjutant-General’s Office on the morning of April 20 to that effect -was followed by an order to Colonel Barnett to report with his -battery forthwith. On the following day, Sunday, Ambos foundry was -fired up and round shot were cast for use of the battery. A car was -sent to Xenia for powder; flannel was procured, and cartridges were -made for service, as the State had no fixed ammunition for artillery -in its arsenal. On Monday, April 22, Barnett, having been assured -that he would retain his rank as colonel, reported with his battery -in good condition. The citizens’ committee from Marietta arrived at -the same hour from Loveland, and with the battery at once returned -to Marietta. The only possible “muster” was to administer the State -obligation and make up the roll as the company was organized. The -battery therefore moved to the border to await orders, but in a -position for defensive duty. - -Meanwhile, General Wool, at Watervliet Arsenal, forwarded arms, so -that nine regiments were immediately organized and armed as State -militia, while no volunteers had as yet been mustered into the United -States service. General Morris, of Indiana (a graduate of West -Point), had been appointed a brigadier-general from that State, and -the regiments of Colonels Dumont and Milroy had moved to support the -regiment of Colonel Kelley, of the First West Virginia, but they had -no artillery. Governor Dennison, doubtful as to his authority to push -militia across the State boundary, authorized the adjutant-general -to visit General McClellan and submit a plan, which General Wool had -approved, and also to act for the State, as the conference might -agree upon a plan. As the result, all of the regiments in the various -camps were put in motion, with no regard for a United States muster. - -Governor Dennison visited Indiana to consult its governor, and during -his absence General McClellan called for the battery. The following -telegram was sent: “Barnett, borrow money and buy horses instanter.” -Also, to each and all commanders, “Obey promptly all orders of -Major-General McClellan; Governor Dennison puts him in command of all -State troops.” - -Neither Colonel Sumner nor Major Cram were then accessible, and, -in fact, no troops were fully ready for muster; but the battery, -supported by the Fourteenth Ohio, occupied the heights back of -Parkersburg, moved to Grafton, opened the battle of Philippi, and -with its associated Ohio militia regiments and the regiments of -Indiana, saved western Virginia. It rendered United States service, -under United States officers, in brigade with regularly mustered -United States troops. It had the same claim to full recognition and a -muster, nunc pro tunc, corresponding with the facts. - -The Secretary of War, as well as Generals Scott and Wool, at once -recognized the service, and the adjutant-general, without his -solicitation or knowledge in advance, was appointed colonel of the -Eighteenth United States Infantry, shortly afterwards created by law. -The emergency admitted no delay as to questions of State boundary, -and the battery did as good service as if it had been that of Captain -Bragg, whose precedent it sought to emulate. - - Respectfully submitted. - HENRY B. CARRINGTON, - - _Colonel, U. S. A., Retired, Late Colonel Eighteenth Infantry and - Brigadier-General Volunteers. Formerly Adjutant-General of Ohio._ - -The movements of this regiment show a service which was distinctly -national in character. On May 29, 1861, a part of the command moved -into Virginia. - -On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion of the command -went by boat to Benwood and thence to Grafton, Va., from which time -until the date of their muster out they actively participated in the -campaign in western Virginia. - -The command of the troops, after they left Marietta, Ohio, and -embarked for Virginia, passed completely from the officers of -the State of Ohio to the Federal officers. In May, 1861, General -McClellan sent an officer of the United States Army Engineers to -inspect the regiment “with a view to its being ready for service at a -moment’s notice” for service with the United States. And the evidence -shows that the Federal officer found the regiment in excellent -condition as respects drill, discipline, and soldierly bearing. -Clothing and camp equipage were also furnished to the regiment by the -United States. - -On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett, commander of the regiment, received -from General McClellan the following telegram from Cincinnati: -“Expedite the mounting of your batteries and report to me when ready -for service.” On May 27 General McClellan wired Colonel Barnett: -“Upon requisition of Colonel Steadman you will supply him with a -detachment of two guns, with proper officers and men.” - -On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F of the regiment left Marietta, -Ohio, for Parkersburg, Va., with orders to report to Colonel -Steadman, Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which were serving -under Federal authority. They performed important service under such -orders, and were engaged in the battle of Philippi. On May 30, 1861, -four companies of the regiment, with Colonel Barnett, proceeded -by boat to Benwood, and received orders to proceed to Grafton. -They proceeded thence to Grafton, but too late to take part in the -engagement. July 6, 1861, the regiment was ordered to Belington, -where it was engaged with the enemy. On July 12 the First Ohio -Artillery opened fire upon the enemy at Carrick’s Ford with excellent -effect. - -The record clearly shows that the Ohio Light Artillery regiment was -taken into Virginia under authority of and for service with the -United States Government. Such was the understanding of the soldiers -and of the Federal officers under whom they served, and the character -of their service was distinctly national. - -The regiment was not called into the service of the State of Ohio -alone, but of other States. Every State is an integral part of the -Union which the Federal Government is, under the Constitution, bound -to protect against invasion. The evidence shows that the regiment was -employed in general service with and as a part of the Federal forces, -under orders from the Federal Government, and in the execution of -a duty which was distinctly national in character. The regiment -not only protected Ohio but also Virginia from the attacks of the -enemy, and stayed the advance of the enemy. “It rendered United -States service under United States officers in brigade with regularly -mustered United States troops.” - -And when the term of three months’ enlistment expired, the regiment, -which had been “serving in Virginia,” was, by order of the War -Department dated July 27, 1861, sent back to Ohio, to be there -mustered out of the service of the United States. And the same order -directed that any of such troops or soldiers as should be tendered -should be mustered into the service of the United States for three -years’ service. Owing, no doubt to an oversight, or to ignorance of -the fact that the regiment had been actually in the service of the -United States, the regiment was mustered out as an organization of -the State of Ohio. - -The records of the War Department fail to show facts upon which -justice can be done to this regiment, and Congress is asked to afford -such relief by a special act. Upon the evidence in the case it is -submitted that the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery -is entitled to proper recognition as having been in the service -of the United States, and its officers and soldiers should receive -certificates of honorable discharge as such. - -Following is the muster roll: - - -_First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery._ - -FIELD AND STAFF. - -[Mustered in April 21, 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt, -aid-de-camp to Governor of Ohio, mustering officer. Mustered out July -27, 1861, at Camp Chase, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to -Governor of Ohio, mustering officer.] - - ===================+===============+===+==========+========+========== - | | | Date of | | - Name | Rank |Age| entering | Period | Remarks - | | | the | of | - | | | service |service | - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - | | | |_Months_|Appointed - James Barnett |Colonel. | 39|April 21, | 3 |Apr. 21, - | | | 1861 | |1861; - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |regiment - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | |1861. - Stephen B. Sturges |Lieutenant- | | | | - | colonel. | 34| do. | 3 | Do. - Clark S. Gates |Major. | 48| do. | 3 | Do. - Amos Townsend |Quartermaster. | 32| do. | 3 | Do. - Elisha Sterling |Surgeon. | 39| do. | 3 | Do. - William E. Standart|Adjutant. | 34| do. | 3 | Do. - Randall Crawford |Quartermaster- | | | | - | sergeant. | 32| do. | 3 | Do. - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - - -BATTERY A. - - ===================+===============+===+==========+========+========== - | | | Date of | | - Name | Rank |Age| entering | Period | Remarks - | | | the | of | - | | | service |service | - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - | | | |_Months_|Appointed - William R. Simmonds|Captain. | 46|April 21, | 3 | April 21, - | | | 1861 | | 1861: - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - John A. Bennett |First sergeant | 29| do. | 3 | Do. - Samuel M. Cowdery |Sergeant | 33| do. | 3 | Do. - Thomas J. Thompson |Corporal | 22| do. | 3 | Do. - M. Eugene Cornell | do | 19| do. | 3 | Do. - James Willis |Trumpeter | 23| do. | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Anson, Edward P. |Private | 24| do. | 3 | Do. - Bailey, Amasa | do | 42|May 14, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Benjamin, John A. | do | 30|April 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Blair, John H. | do | 31| do. | 3 | Do. - Brewster, George | do | 26| do. | 3 | Do. - Camp, William M. | do | 23| do. | 3 | Do. - Clark, George W. | do | 29| do. | 3 | Do. - Cramer, Isaac C. | do | 31|May 14, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Dunn, Joseph | do | 32|April 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Dunn, Richard | do | 26| do. | 3 | Do. - Kelley, John J. | do | 22| do. | 3 | Do. - Milton, John R. | do | 20| do. | 3 | Do. - Moats, Henry | do | 22| do. | 3 | Do. - New, Henry | do | 37| do. | 3 | Do. - Rebbeck, Henry H. | do | 21| do. | 3 | Do. - Reynolds, Daniel | do | 35| do. | 3 | Do. - Sypher, J. Hale | do | 22| do. | 3 | Do. - Throup, David H. | do | 19| do. | 3 | Do. - Throup, Roger D. | do | 26| do. | 3 | Do. - Worley, John G. | do | 19|June 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - - -BATTERY B. - - ===================+===============+===+==========+========+========== - | | | Date of | | - Name | Rank |Age| entering | Period | Remarks - | | | the | of | - | | | service |service | - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - | | | |_Months_|Appointed - John G. Mack |Captain | 46|April 21, | |April 21, - | | | 1861 | 3 | 1861; - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Jacob Ruder |First | | | | - | lieutenant | 31| do | 3 | Do. - Frederick C. | | | | | - Gruninger |First sergeant | 35| do | 3 | Do. - Mathew Adams |Corporal | 26| do | 3 | Do. - Charles B. Rodder | do | 31| do | 3 | Do. - Beachal, Frederick |Private | 27| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Chapin, George | do | 25| do | 3 | Do. - Dawmann, Joseph | do | |June 1, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Ebert, William | do | 22|April 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Erhart, Alexander | do | 39| do | 3 | Do. - Fabrian, Louis | do | 20| do | 3 | Do. - Fenfil, Christian | do | 22| do | 3 | Do. - Fisher, Louis | do | |June 3, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Fredericks, Abraham| do | 39|April 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Galleger, John | do | 26| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861; - | | | | | also - | | | | |borne on - | | | | |rolls as - | | | | |“Gellecker.” - Gruninger, Charles | do | |June 3, | |Mustered - | | | 1861 | 3 |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Kustner, George | do | | do | 3 | Do. - Lucas, Michael | do | 32|April 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Mangelmann, Adolph | do | 22| do | 3 | Do. - Nerritta, Leonhard | do | 35| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861; - | | | | |also - | | | | |borne on - | | | | |rolls as - | | | | |“Nerritter.” - Nickel, Lorenze | do | 19| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861; - | | | | |also - | | | | |borne on - | | | | |rolls as - | | | | |“Nigel.” - Reidenbach, Peter | do | 26| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | |1861. - Schener, Daniel | do | 27| do | 3 | Do. - Schoemer, Michael | do | 29| do | 3 | Do. - Weidenkopf, | | | | | - Nicholas | do | 19| do | 3 | Do. - Wouley, Andrew | do | 22| do | 3 | Do. - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - - -BATTERY C. - - ===================+===============+===+==========+========+========== - | | | Date of | | - Name | Rank |Age| entering | Period | Remarks - | | | the | of | - | | | service |service | - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - | | | |_Months_|Appointed - Frederick W. Pelton|Captain | 34|April 21, | |April 21, - | | | 1861 | 3 | 1861; - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Samuel Sears |First | | | | - | lieutenant | 34| do. | 3 | Do. - Francis S. Pelton |First sergeant | 28| do. | 3 | Do. - Peter C. Schneider |Corporal | 25| do. | 3 | Do. - John C. Brainard | do | 34| do. | 3 | Do. - Allen, Edward S. |Private | 33| do. | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Boyen, John H. | do | 29| do. | 3 | Do. - Brainard, Edward S.| do | |May 13, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Chaffee, Comfort | do | |June 17, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Davis, George R. | do | 29|April 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Dean, Charles M. | do | 22| do. | 3 | Do. - Dunbar, Homer | do | |June 17, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Fish, Abel | do | 29|April 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Fish, Henry | do | 24| do. | 3 | Do. - Fish, Levi | do | 37| do. | 3 | Do. - Fish, William | do | 26| do. | 3 | Do. - Grotzinger, William| do | 26| do. | 3 | Do. - Hand, James L. | do | 29| do. | 3 | Do. - Hone, Alexander | do | 26| do. | 3 | Do. - Llewhellen, William| do | 22| do. | 3 | Do. - Lyon, George | do | 23| do. | 3 | Do. - Marcellus, | | | | | - Charles E. | do | 21| do. | 3 | Do. - Roberts, Henry | do | | do. | 3 | Do. - Schmehl, George | do | | do. | 3 | Do. - Storrer, Frank S. | do | 20|April 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Worth, Frederick W.| do | 26| do. | 3 | Do. - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - - -BATTERY D. - - ===================+===============+===+==========+========+========== - | | | Date of | | - Name | Rank |Age| entering | Period | Remarks - | | | the | of | - | | | service |service | - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - | | | |_Months_|Appointed - Percy W. Rice |Captain | 29|Apr 21, | |April 21, - | | | 1861 | 3 |1861; - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - James H. Miller |First | | | | - | lieutenant | 26| do | 3 | Do. - Edwin F. Reeve |First sergeant | 31| do | 3 | Do. - William H. Hilliard|Corporal | 23| do | 3 | Do. - Norman A. Baldwin | do | 25| do | 3 | Do. - Champlin, | | | | | - William A. |Private | 38| do | 3 |Absent in - | | | | |hospital - | | | | |at - | | | | |Marietta, - | | | | |Ohio, - | | | | |May 21, - | | | | | 1861; - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Crawford, George W.| do | 23| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Davis, Daniel S. | do | 26| do | 3 | Do. - Edgarton, Warren P.| do | 25| do | 3 | Do. - Gardner, Orlando D.| do | 21| do | 3 | Do. - Harbeck, John S. | do | 25| do | 3 | Do. - Kidd, William | do | 33| do | 3 | Do. - Killam, Simon W. | do | 27| do | 3 | Do. - Marshall, | | | | | - Alexander, Jr. | do | 25| do | 3 | Do. - Murray, George E. | do | 24| do | 3 | Do. - Orland, Henry | do | 30| do | 3 | Do. - Rice, Charles H. | do | 23| do | 3 | Do. - Shields, Joseph C. | do | 33| do | 3 | Do. - Smith, Robertson | do | 23| do | 3 | Do. - Sterling, James A. | do | 22| do | 3 | Do. - Thatcher, | | | | | - Lorenzo W. | do | 26| do | 3 | Do. - Tillotson, | | | | | - George W. | do | 44| do | 3 |Wounded - | | | | |July 7, - | | | | | 1861. - | | | | |in battle - | | | | |of Laurel - | | | | |Hill, Va.; - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | |1861. - Vincent, Henry G. | do | 29| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Wilson, Frank | do | 25| do | 3 | Do. - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - - -BATTERY E. - - ===================+===============+===+==========+========+========== - | | | Date of | | - Name | Rank |Age| entering | Period | Remarks - | | | the | of | - | | | service |service | - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - | | | |_Months_|Appointed - Louis Heckmau |Captain | 39|Apr. 21, | |April 21, - | | | 1861 | 3 | 1861: - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - J. Jacob Houck |First | | | | - | lieutenant | 28| do | 3 | Do. - Henry Roth |First sergeant | 30| do | 3 | Do. - Valentine Heckman |Corporal | 29| do | 3 | Do. - Louis Smithnight | do | 27| do | 3 | Do. - Bommhardt, Jacob |Private | 24| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Breuhler, George | do | 23| do | 3 | Do. - Eshenbrenner, | | | | | - George | do | 39| do | 3 | Do. - Hartman, Hermann | do | 21| do | 3 | Do. - Herig, Charles | do | 19| do | 3 | Do. - Kuglen, George | do | 26| do | 3 | Do. - Payson, George W. | do | 28| do | 3 | Do. - Riegler, Albert | do | 19| do | 3 | Do. - Schmidt, Gerhard | do | 27| do | 3 | Do. - Schwendner, Conrad | do | 30| do | 3 | Do. - Sehrt, Wilhelm | do | 25| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861; - | | | | |also borne - | | | | |on rolls as - | | | | |“William.” - Smith, Jacob | do | 21| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861; - | | | | |also borne - | | | | |on rolls as - | | | | |“Schmidt.” - Thaller, Frantz | do | 28| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Trumpy, Henry | do | 23| do | 3 | Do. - Wetzel, Frederick | do | 40| do | 3 | Do. - Wolf, George | do | 31| do | 3 | Do. - Zeller, John A. | do | 38| do | 3 | Do. - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - - -BATTERY F. - - ===================+===============+===+==========+========+========== - | | | Date of | | - Name | Rank |Age| entering | Period | Remarks - | | | the | of | - | | | service |service | - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - | | | |_Months_|Appointed - Dennis Kenny, Jr. |Captain | 27|Apr. 21, | |April 21, - | | | 1861 | 3 | 1861; - | | | | |mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Henry S. Munger |First | | | | - | lieutenant | 37| do | 3 | Do. - Jerome B. Burrows |First sergeant | 26| do | 3 | Do. - James H. Coller |Corporal | 28| do | 3 | Do. - Charles D. Lane | do | 27| do | 3 | Do. - Bartholomew, Myron |Private | 21| do | 3 |Mustered - | | | | |out with - | | | | |battery - | | | | |July 27, - | | | | | 1861. - Bruner, William | do | 25|May 14, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Burrows, Adrian A. | do | 29|Apr. 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Crowell, | | | | | - William H. H. | do | 20| do | 3 | Do. - Dorman, Dennis W. | do | 43| do | 3 | Do. - Fitch, Martin L. | do | 46| do | 3 | Do. - Gage, Henry W. | do | 19| do | 3 | Do. - Gary, Marco B. | do | 26|June 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Myers, Addison D. | do | 25|Apr. 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Paddock, Asher R. | do | 37| do | 3 | Do. - Proctor, William E.| do | 24| do | 3 | Do. - Ransom, Moses Y. | do | 23|May 14, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Smith, Albert D. | do | 21| do | 3 | Do. - Stoughton, Theodore| do | 21|Apr. 21, | | - | | | 1861 | 3 | Do. - Stowe, Melvin D. | do | 26| do | 3 | Do. - Thorp, Arthur B. | do | 23| do | 3 | Do. - Thorp, Henry H. | do | 24| do | 3 | Do. - Turner, Erastus D. | do | 24| do | 3 | Do. - Viets, Frank | do | 21| do | 3 | Do. - ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+—————————— - - - - -57TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION. - -H. R. 619. - - -IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. - -June 23, 1902. - -Read twice and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. - - -AN ACT - - Providing for the recognition of the military service of the - officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer - Light Artillery. - -_Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the -United States of America in Congress assembled_, That the officers -and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery -(three months’ service), furnished by the State of Ohio under the -call of the President of the United States issued on the fifteenth -day of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, and which rendered -actual military service under the command of officers of the United -States and in co-operation with the regularly organized military -forces of the United States, shall be held and considered to have -been in the military service of and to have formed a part of the -military establishment of the United States during the period for -which said organization was enlisted and was in active service, -and that the Secretary of War be, and he hereby is, authorized and -directed to issue certificates of discharge, upon due application and -satisfactory proof of identity, for all honorably discharged members -of the said organization: _Provided,_ That no pay, bounty, or other -emoluments shall become due or payable by virtue of the passage of -this Act. - -Passed the House of Representatives June 20, 1902. - - Attest: A. MCDOWELL, _Clerk_. - -House Bill 619 passed the Senate and became a law in January, 1903. - - - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - pg 13 Removed period after: Pickersgill, William - pg 22 Changed period to comma after: To Colonel James Barnett - pg 30 Changed There were no shells or cannister to: canister - pg 33 Changed period to comma after: Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio - pg 45 Added closing ) after: sought a safe place far in the rear. - pg 57 Changed march to Laurel Hill,” and anounces to: announces - pg 59 Changed shell or a solid shot would he to: be - pg 73 Changed battles at Philippi, Bealington to: Belington - pg 82 Changed he could not wait the fomality to: formality - pg 85 Changed instead of waiting till to-morrow to: tomorrow - pg 85 Changed to march to Columbus, to-morrow to tomorrow - pg 94 Added period after: Elisha Sterling Surgeon - pg 95 Added period after: Benjamin, John A - pg 95 Added period after: Cramer, Isaac C - pg 95 Added period after: Kelley, John J - pg 95 Added period after: Rebbeck, Henry H - pg 95 Added period after: Throup, Roger D - pg 95 Added period after: Worley, John G - pg 97 Changed comma to period after: Do (for Grotzinger, William) - Many hyphenated and non-hyphenated word combinations left as written. - The table of contents was written by the transcriber. - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REMINISCENCES OF THE CLEVELAND -LIGHT ARTILLERY *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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