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diff --git a/old/69889-0.txt b/old/69889-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index fc95215..0000000 --- a/old/69889-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,863 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Anecdotes and memoirs of William Boen, -by Anonymous - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Anecdotes and memoirs of William Boen - a coloured man who lived and died near Mount Holly, New Jersey - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: January 28, 2023 [eBook #69889] - -Language: English - -Produced by: Bob Taylor and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at - https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images - generously made available by The Internet Archive) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ANECDOTES AND MEMOIRS OF -WILLIAM BOEN *** - - - - - - Transcriber’s Note - Italic text displayed as: _italic_ - - - - - ANECDOTES AND MEMOIRS - - OF - - WILLIAM BOEN, - - A COLOURED MAN, - - WHO LIVED AND DIED NEAR MOUNT HOLLY, NEW JERSEY. - - TO WHICH IS ADDED, - - _The Testimony of Friends of Mount Holly - monthly meeting concerning him_. - - - Philadelphia: - PRINTED BY JOHN RICHARDS, - No. 129 North Third Street. - - 1834. - - - - - MEMOIRS AND ANECDOTES OF WILLIAM BOEN. - - -William Boen was a coloured man, who resided near Mount Holly, New -Jersey. Like many of his brethren of the African race, in those -days, he was from his birth held as a slave. But though poor and -ignorant, in his early days, he was cared for, as all others are, -by the universal Parent of the human family. He became a pious, -sober, temperate, honest, and industrious man; and by this means, he -obtained the friendship, esteem, and respect of all classes of his -fellow-men, and the approbation and peace of his heavenly Father. - -His industry, temperance, and cleanliness, no doubt, contributed -much to his health and comfort; so that he lived to be a very old -man, with having but little sickness through the course of his -life. His character being so remarkable for sobriety, honesty, and -peace—that it induced some younger people to inquire by what means -he had arrived to such a state, and attained such a standing in the -neighbourhood where he lived. Ever willing to instruct, counsel, and -admonish the youth, he could relate his own experience of the work of -grace in his heart, which led him into such uprightness of life and -conduct. For his memory did not appear to be much impaired by reason -of old age. - -To a friend who visited him in the eighty-sixth year of his age, -he gave the following account of his early life, and religious -experience. On being asked, whether he could remember in what way, -and by what means, he was first brought to mind and follow _that_, -which had been his guide and rule of faith and life, and which had -led and preserved him so safely along through time? William answered -as follows: “Oh! yes; that I can, right well. In the time of the old -French war, my master (for I was a poor black boy, a slave) my master -sent me to chop wood, on a hill-side, out of sight of any house; -and there was a great forest of woods below me; and he told me to -cut down all the trees on that hill-side. When I went home, in the -evenings, I often heard them talking about the Indians killing and -scalping people: and sometimes, some of the neighbours would come -in, and they and my master’s family talked of the Indians killing -such and such,—nearer and nearer to us. And so, from time to time, -I would hear them tell of the Indians killing, and scalping people, -nearer and nearer: so that I began to think, like enough, by and by, -they would kill me. And I thought more and more about it; and again -would hear tell of their coming still nearer. At length, I thought, -sure enough they will get so near, that they will hear the sound of -my axe, and will come and kill me. Here is a great forest of woods -below me, and no house in sight:—surely, I have not long to live. I -expected every day would be my last;—that they would soon kill me, a -poor black boy, here all alone.” - -“A thought then came into my mind, whether I was fit to die. It was -showed me, and I saw plain enough, that I was not fit to die. Then it -troubled me very much, that I was not fit to die; and I felt very -desirous,—very anxious that I might be made fit to die. So I stood -still, in great amazement; and it seemed as if a flaming sword passed -through me. And when it passed over, and I recollected myself (for -I stood so, some time) it was showed me how I should be made fit to -die: and I was willing to do any thing, so I might be made fit to -die.” - -“Thus, I was brought to mind and follow _that_, that has been the -guide and rule of my life,—_that within me_, that inclined me to -good, and showed and condemned evil. Now I considered I had a new -master—I had two masters; and it was showed me (in my mind) by my new -Master, a certain tree on the hill-side, that I must not cut down. -I knowed the tree well enough. I had not come to it yet. But I did -not know what I _should_ do; for my old master had told me to cut -all the trees down, on that hill-side. My new Master forbids me to -cut a certain one. So I thought a good deal about it. I cut on; and -by and by I came to the tree. I cut on by it, and let it stand. But -I expected, every day, my old master would come, and see that tree -standing, and say, ‘What did thee leave that tree standing for? Did -not I tell thee to cut all the trees down, as thee went? Go, cut that -tree down.’ Then, I didn’t know what I _should_ do. But he never said -any thing to me about it. I cut on, and got some distance by it; and -one day my old master brought out his axe, and cut the tree down -himself; and never said, William, why didn’t thee cut that tree down? -never said any thing to me about it. Then I thought, surely my new -Master will make way for me, and take care of me, if I love him, and -mind him, and am attentive to this my guide, and rule of life. And -this seemed an evidence and proof of it, and strengthened me much in -love, and confidence in my Guide.” - -After the respectable and goodly old man, had given this interesting -account of the way and manner in which he was brought to follow the -guide of his life, the following question was put to him: “Well, -William, has thee, from that time, till now, been so careful and -attentive to thy guide, as never to say or do amiss?” To which he -replied, “Oh! no: I have missed it—I have several times missed it.” -He was then asked, “Well, William, in that case, how _did_ thee get -along?” He answered, “Oh! when I missed it,—when I found I had said, -or done wrong, I felt very sorry. I tried to be more careful, for -time to come;—never to do so any more: and I believe I was forgiven.” - -Another inquiry was made of William, how he and his old master got -along together, after his change. He said, “Very well. Some time -afterwards, one of the neighbours said to me, one day, ‘William, -thy master talks of setting thee free.’ I didn’t think much about -it—didn’t expect there was any thing in it; though I heard others say -he talked of setting me free;—till, after some time, as my master was -walking with me, going to my work, he said, ‘William, wouldn’t thee -like to be free?’ I didn’t say any thing to it. I thought he might -know I should like to be free. I didn’t make him any answer about it, -but then I thought there was something in it. So after awhile, sure -enough, he did set me free.” - -There is no doubt his old master observed a great change in him; for -his guide taught him to be dutiful, industrious and diligent in his -business, careful in his words and actions, and sober, steady, and -exemplary in all he said, and in all his conduct. - -William Boen’s guide, and rule of life and conduct, his _new Master_, -as he called him, that did so much for him, and raised him from the -state of a poor slave, to be a free man, in good esteem—thro’ habits -of temperance, sobriety, honest industry and integrity,—whereby -he was enabled to become the respectable head of a family, and -to acquire a house, and property of his own, sufficient for the -comfortable accommodation of himself and family;—and who forsook him -not when he became old, and grey-headed;—his new Master was the same -Light that appears unto all; and it would guide every one in the -right way, as it did him, if they would take it for their Master, and -mind and obey it, as he did. It was the guide of his youth,—became -his Lord and Master,—preserved him from evil,—and conducted him -safely through the trials of life, to a good old age. - -William Boen’s new Master was, and is the same thing that the apostle -Paul, in his Epistle to Titus, bears testimony to, in these words; -“the grace of God, that bringeth salvation, hath appeared to all -men;—teaching us, that, denying all ungodliness and worldly lusts, -we should live soberly, righteously, and godly in this present -world.” Now, surely, if we don’t take it for our master, and mind its -teachings, we cannot _know_ it to bring our salvation, or _save us_ -from _all ungodliness_ and _worldly lusts_, as he did, and as all do, -that are obedient to this grace of God, _the Light of Christ, within_. - -In William Boen’s simple account of the way and means, by which he -was showed how he should be made fit to die;—that is, by minding -and following _that within_ him, which inclined him to good, and -that showed and condemned him for evil,—the goodness, mercy, and -condescending care of the Almighty Father, are strikingly manifest. -How graciously he suits his dispensations to the weak and ignorant -states of his children, who sincerely seek him, and inquire what they -shall do to be saved! When William Boen thought of death, something -showed him he was not fit to die. He “saw it plain enough,” and was -troubled. In his anxiety to be prepared to die, he became still and -quiet—and then he felt condemnation, as a flaming sword, pass through -him. When this had its effect to bring him to a state of humility -and watchfulness, the Divine Light in his soul showed him the way -in which he should walk, in order to become fit to die. He became -willing to do any thing required of him: so, to prove his obedience, -it was showed him, by his new Master, that he must leave a certain -tree standing, where he was felling timber. He began to reason upon -consequences, but resolved to obey his new Master, in preference to -his old one. It was sufficient to test his faith and love; and though -a simple circumstance, it was probably of great use to him ever -after; as by it he was taught to be faithful in little things, and -thus became ruler over more. - -It may be useful to survivors, who, like William, are desirous so to -live, as that they may become fit to die,—to bring into view some -anecdotes of his life, that show the principles by which his mind and -conduct were regulated. - -In his conversation among men, he was very careful to keep to the -plain language,—the language of truth and sincerity—yet, through the -help of his guide, he detected himself in a deviation from it, in the -following circumstance. A wealthy neighbour, a white man, frequently -availed himself of William’s obliging disposition, by using his -grindstone, instead of procuring one for himself. On an occasion of -this kind, his neighbour told him he was obliged to him for the use -of his grindstone: to which, William returned the usual compliment of -saying he was welcome. After the man was gone, William became uneasy -in his mind, with his reply, as being insincere. He therefore went -to his neighbour, and made an acknowledgment, that although he had -told him he was welcome, yet it was only in conformity with custom, -and was not the case; for he thought his neighbour was better able to -keep a grindstone of his own, than he was. - -How many customary compliments, by-words, and common expressions, -would be dispensed with, as idle words, for which we must give an -account in the day of judgment,—if a strict regard to truth and -sincerity, were the ruling principle or guide of all our words and -actions! - -William Boen appears to have been as strictly careful in his -adherence to the principles of justice, and the rights of property, -as he was in regard to truth and sincerity in his communications. -Being employed, with several others, to mow the meadows attached to -the place called Breezy Ridge, on Lomberton creek,—William, with -his scythe, accidentally struck a partridge that was concealed from -his view, in the grass, and killed it. As it appeared to be in good -order, his companions proposed that he should take it home, for -his own use. William, however, was not easy to do so: he said the -partridge did not belong to him, but to the owner of the meadow. - -On another occasion, he manifested the acuteness of his feelings, -in regard to the rights of property. With other labourers, he -was employed to cut timber in the pines, at a distance from the -settlements. They took provisions with them, to encamp for a week -or two in the woods; and, finding an empty cabin on lands that did -not belong to their employer, they made use of it. William’s mind, -however, was not quite satisfied. He had been using the property -of another, without leave. So, after his return, he took an early -opportunity to represent the case to the owner of the cabin, who -lived some miles distant from him. - -William Boen believed in Christ, as the Prince of peace; and that -those who professed to be Christians, and lived in his peaceable -spirit, could have nothing to do with war, in any shape. He therefore -had a testimony to bear against the spirit of war, and the love -of money that stands in connexion with it. Not far from William’s -habitation, there lived a storekeeper, a man of considerable note, -who had been an officer in the army, during the time of the American -revolution. Some time after the peace was concluded, this storekeeper -traded largely in buying up soldiers’ certificates, for much less -than their nominal value. By this means, he made considerable profits -to himself, with which he engaged in building a large and fine -house. While thus employed, William Boen called on him, and told him -he had been much concerned for him, on account of his traffic in -what he considered no better than the price of blood, and that the -money with which he was building his house, was unrighteous gain. He -also quoted that passage of scripture, as applicable to the case, -respecting Judas, who betrayed his Master for the sake of money; and -mentioned the manner of his death. - -His reproof and admonition were delivered with so much honesty and -tender feeling, and the kind and friendly motives that influenced him -thereto, were so apparent, that his neighbour, though a high-spirited -man, received his communication, in a respectful manner;—and, on a -subsequent occasion, upon hearing some persons remark, that they -wondered that William was not ridiculed by boys, and light, vain -persons, on account of his singular appearance, and wearing his beard -so long,—he stated, that William Boen was a religious man; and that -his well known piety impressed the minds of such people with awe and -respect towards him; and thus they were prevented from manifesting -that levity which the singularity of his dress and appearance might -otherwise have produced. - -For it is to be observed, that he thought it right to have all his -clothing of the natural colours, and made very plain and simple. As -he was very clean in his person, his wearing apparel became very -white, by washing—his hair and beard also became white through age: -and these, contrasted with his dark skin, gave him a very venerable -appearance. He was affable, modest, and respectful, in his manners -and deportment; while the mildness and gravity of his countenance, -indicated a mind governed by the precepts of the gospel, and often -impressed lessons of serious reflection on those who beheld -him;—especially in the solidity and reverence, with which he sat in -religious meetings. - -It was probably on account of his dress, that some person remarked to -him, that he appeared to be endeavouring to walk in the footsteps of -John Woolman,—a Friend with whom he had been intimately acquainted. -After a pause, he said, “I am endeavouring to follow the footsteps of -Christ.” - -William Boen, by attending to his Guide, and faithfully following -Christ, his _new Master_, was brought to believe in his doctrine, in -relation to gospel ministers: “Freely ye have received, freely give.” -He therefore did not approve of hireling ministry, or paying men for -preaching. This testimony to a free gospel ministry, he carried so -far, in order to keep a pure conscience towards his Divine Master, -that on one occasion, after he had sold some wood to a person, who -was called a clergyman,—he felt scrupulous about receiving money from -him, which was obtained by preaching: as it would not be, in his -apprehension, bearing a faithful testimony against hireling ministry. -So he went to the man, and asked him whether he got his money by -preaching. On being answered in the affirmative, William told him, -he was not free to take his money in pay for the wood, as he did not -approve of making money by preaching, contrary to the command of -Christ. - -Yet his mind was clothed with Christian charity towards his -fellow-creatures, who had not been brought to see and walk in the way -which he apprehended to be required of him. William was not free to -use any thing either in food or clothing, that he knew to be produced -through the labour of slaves. On its being asked him, whether he -thought so well of his friends that used the products of slavery, -as he would do, if they did not use such articles; he replied, -“_Obedience is all, with me._ I believe it is required of me, not to -use these things: and if it has never been required of them, not to -use these things, then they are as much in the way of their duty, in -using them, as I am in the way of my duty, in not using them.” - -When William was drawing near the close of his long and exemplary -life, his bodily powers failed through weakness, and the decay of -nature; but his mind was preserved clear and tranquil. At this -season, he was frequently visited by a friend, who, on one occasion, -made some remarks respecting the calm and peaceful state of mind, -which he appeared to enjoy, and inquired of him by what means he -had attained to such a happy state. William, in accordance with his -common expression of trying all things by the mind, gave this short -and comprehensive answer: “By keeping the mind easy,—and resisting -every thing that made it uneasy.” - -Soon after his death, the following obituary notice, appeared in one -of the public papers: - -“Died, near Mount Holly, on the 12th instant, in the ninetieth year -of his age, William Boen, (alias Heston) a coloured man.” - -Rare, indeed, are the instances that we meet with, in which we feel -called upon to record the virtues of any of this afflicted race of -people. The deceased, however, was one of those who had demonstrated -the truth of that portion of scripture, that “of a truth God is no -respecter of persons; but in every nation, they that fear him and -work righteousness, are accepted with him.” - -He was concerned in early life, “to do justly, love mercy, and walk -humbly with his God;” and by a close attention to the light of Christ -within, and faithfully abiding under the operation of that blessed -spirit of Divine grace in his soul, he was enabled, not only to bear -many precious testimonies faithfully, to the end of his days, but -also to bring forth those fruits of the spirit which redound to the -glory of God, and the salvation of the soul. He was an exemplary -member of the religious Society of Friends; and as he lived, so he -died,—a rare pattern of a self-denying follower of Jesus Christ. He -had no apparent disease,—either of body or mind; but, as he expressed -himself a short time before his death, he felt nothing but weakness: -which continued to increase, until he gently breathed his last; and -is, no doubt, entered into his heavenly Father’s rest. - -“Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright: for the end of that -man is peace.” - -_6th month, 1824._ - - * * * * * - - _Memorial of Mount Holly monthly meeting of Friends, concerning - William Boen, a coloured man. Read in the Yearly Meeting of - Friends, held in Philadelphia, 1829._ - -As the memory of those who have followed the leadings of that Teacher -which leadeth into all truth, and enables its votaries to become, by -example, preachers of righteousness, is precious, we feel engaged to -give the following testimony concerning our deceased friend, William -Boen, a coloured man. - -He was born in the year 1735, in the neighbourhood of Rancocas. Being -a slave from his birth, he had very little opportunity of acquiring -useful learning; yet by his own industry and care, he succeeded in -learning to read and write. - -His mind became seriously impressed while very young, and he was -induced in early life, to attend to the monitions of light and life -in his own mind, being convinced from what he felt within him, of -the existence of a Supreme Being; and also of the manner of his -visiting the children of men, by the inward peace which he felt upon -a faithful performance of what he thus apprehended to be his duty. - -About the twenty-eighth year of his age, he contracted for his -freedom; and having entered into marriage engagements with a woman -in the neighbourhood, but not being, at that time, a member of our -society, he was straitened in his mind how to accomplish it; as he -was fully convinced of our testimony in that respect. - -In this difficulty, he made known his situation to our friend, John -Woolman, who, to relieve him, had a number of persons convened at -a friend’s house, where they were married after the manner of our -society, and a certificate to that effect, furnished them by those -present. - -About this time he made application to become a member of our -society; but way not opening in Friends’ minds, he was not received, -but encouraged to continue faithful; which we believe he did, from -the account we have of nearly his whole life. - -He was concerned above all things, to walk in the path of truth and -righteousness; and according to his measure, to be faithful to every -opening of duty, by which means he obtained the esteem of all who -knew him. - -As he thus continued steadfast to the light in his own mind, he -was favoured to see the necessity of a daily cross to all the -gratifications of self, and that the cause of truth cannot grow in -us, while we are governed by a worldly spirit. - -By yielding full obedience to that light, which it was his chiefest -joy to follow, he became truly convinced of the necessity of -maintaining the various testimonies which we, as a people, have -been called upon to bear; and, in some respects, he had to bear a -testimony against things in which many of his white brethren indulge, -particularly in regard to slavery; refusing to wear, or use in any -shape, articles which come through that corrupted channel. And, we -believe, it was through dedication to the Lord, and an unreserved -surrender of his will, to the Divine will, that he was brought to see -these things in that light which deceiveth not. Thus, evincing by his -conversation and example, the truth of that scripture declaration, -“All thy children shall be taught of the Lord, and great shall be the -peace of thy children; in righteousness shalt thou be established.” - -It appears, not only from his own words, but also from his weighty -example, that his great concern was to keep his mind easy, believing -that right and wrong actions would result either in peace or pain -within; hence, his great care was to “try all things by the mind,” -as he expressed it, or the light of Christ within; with which he -was, no doubt, through faithfulness, in a remarkable manner favoured; -esteeming it right to be obedient to every manifested duty, however -in the cross, or insignificant to the carnal mind, these small duties -might appear; and as he was found, like the servant in the parable, -“faithful in the little,” he was strengthened to rule over the carnal -propensities of his nature, bringing his words and actions into the -obedience of Christ. His humility was such, that although in low -circumstances, he appeared to be content, and even refused to indulge -himself in rich food or clothing, saying that “bread and water was -good enough for him.” In 1814, he was, on application, received into -membership with us, and continued to the last, when able, a steady -attender of our meetings, both for worship and discipline. - -He enjoyed reasonable health and strength until about his -eighty-seventh year, when his strength began to fail, but the -faculties of his mind remained good until his end. - -Some weeks previous to his death, he spoke of it with the utmost -composure, and recounting his past trials and experiences said, -“he had thought he was alone with regard to his testimony against -slavery.” But, as though he had fresh evidences thereof, said, “he -believed it would grow and increase among Friends.” He appeared -perfectly resigned to death, having no will therein; and as he -expressed himself, “that some died hard and others easy, but for -himself, he had no wish for either, being fully resigned to the -Divine will in all things.” - -To a friend present, the day previous to his death, he stated -“that he felt himself going very fast; but that he had no wish to -stay.” His weakness increasing, and having no desire to take any -nourishment, he was asked if he was sick, or felt any pain; to which -he answered, “that he felt neither pain nor sickness, but weakness, -and a total disrelish for every thing of this world.” His weakness -continued to increase until he passed quietly away, on the night of -the 12th of the 6th month, 1824, in the ninetieth year of his age; -and we doubt not, he has entered into his heavenly Father’s rest. - -Read in, and approved by, Mount Holly monthly meeting of Friends, -held 11th month 6th, 1828. - - AMOS BULLOCK, Clerk. - -Read in, and approved by, Burlington Quarterly meeting of Friends, -held at Chesterfield, on the 25th of the 11th month, 1828, and -directed to be forwarded to the Yearly Meeting. - - ANDREW C. RIDGWAY, Clerk. - - - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - pg 5 Changed Then, I did’nt to: didn’t - pg 6 Changed did’nt to: didn’t in 4 places - pg 6 Changed William, would’nt to: wouldn’t - pg 13 Added ending quote after: a coloured man - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ANECDOTES AND MEMOIRS OF -WILLIAM BOEN *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ -concept and trademark. 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