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+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
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+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #69814 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/69814)
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-The Project Gutenberg eBook of Campaign and battle of Lynchburg, Va.,
-by Charles M. Blackford
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
-will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
-using this eBook.
-
-Title: Campaign and battle of Lynchburg, Va.
-
-Author: Charles M. Blackford
-
-Release Date: January 16, 2023 [eBook #69814]
-
-Language: English
-
-Produced by: Graeme Mackreth and The Online Distributed Proofreading
-             Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from
-             images generously made available by The Internet Archive)
-
-*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE OF
-LYNCHBURG, VA. ***
-
-
-
-[Illustration: BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOHN McCAUSLAND.
-
-FROM A PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN LYNCHBURG DURING THE WAR.]
-
-
-
-
- Campaign and Battle
-
- OF
-
- Lynchburg, Va.
-
-
- By CHARLES M. BLACKFORD,
-
- OF THE LYNCHBURG BAR.
-
-
- Delivered by Request of the Garland-Rodes Camp of Confederate
- Veterans of Lynchburg, Virginia,
-
-
- JUNE 18th, 1901.
-
-
-
-
- PRESS OF
- J.P. BELL COMPANY,
- LYNCHBURG, VA.
-
-
-
-
-PREFACE.
-
-
-During the winter of 1901, the Garland-Rodes Camp of Confederate
-Veterans of the City of Lynchburg passed a resolution requesting
-their comrade, Captain Chas. M. Blackford, of Company B, Second
-Virginia Cavalry, C.S.A., to prepare an address upon the Campaign and
-Battle of Lynchburg, which was to be delivered on June 18, 1901, the
-thirty-seventh anniversary of the events of which he was to speak.
-
-Captain Blackford consented to do this work, and did it so much to the
-satisfaction of the Camp that it ordered his address to be printed as
-a valuable contribution to the history of the war and the traditions
-of our city. It is now presented to our citizens and to all who are
-interested in the details of our great struggle.
-
-The Committee have also added, as a matter of local history, a roster
-of the various volunteer companies which left here when the war
-commenced. Many names were added afterwards, but it is to be regretted
-that the list cannot be perfected.
-
- Jno. H. Lewis, Chairman,
- N.J. Floyd,
- R.H. Boatwright,
- W. Barbour Jones,
- H. Grey Latham,
- Committee.
-
- _December 10, 1901._
-
-
-
-
-The Campaign and Battle of Lynchburg.
-
-
-The strategic importance of the city of Lynchburg was very little
-understood by those directing the military movements of the Federal
-armies during the Civil War, or, if understood, there was much lack of
-nerve in the endeavor to seize it.
-
-It was the depot for the Army of Northern Virginia for all commissary
-and quartermaster stores gathered from the productive territory lying
-between it and Knoxville, Tennessee, and from all the country tributary
-to, and drained by, the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad. Here, also, were
-stored many of the scant medical supplies of the Confederacy, and here
-many hospitals gave accommodation to the sick and wounded from the
-martial lines north and east of it. Lynchburg was, in addition, the
-key to the inside line of communication which enabled the Confederate
-troops to be moved from our northern to our eastern lines of defence,
-without exciting the attention of the enemy.
-
-Under these circumstances, it can well be understood that the
-Confederate authorities were ever on the alert to guard so important
-a post. They relied, however, on the facility with which its
-garrison could be reinforced, when threatened, and not on an army of
-occupation, for it could not afford to keep so many troops idle.
-
-Though equally important to the success of the Northern armies, in
-their operations in Virginia, no serious effort was directed against it
-until the spring of 1864.
-
-On the 6th of June, 1864, General Grant wrote from the lines around
-Richmond to General David Hunter, then commanding the Department of
-West Virginia, informing him that General Sheridan would leave the
-next day for Charlottesville for the purpose of destroying the Central
-(now the Chesapeake & Ohio) Railway. Having given this information, he
-directed General Hunter to operate with the same general end in view,
-adding that "the complete destruction of this road and of the canal on
-the James River is of great importance to us." He further says, "you
-[Hunter] are to proceed to Lynchburg and commence there. _It would be
-of great value to us to get possession of Lynchburg for a single day._"
-
-According to this letter, Hunter, after reaching Staunton, was to move
-on Lynchburg, _via_ Charlottesville, and thence along what Grant calls
-"the Lynchburg branch of the Central Road," meaning the Lynchburg
-extension of the Orange & Alexandria Railroad. Having captured
-Lynchburg and destroyed the bridges and vast stores there concentrated,
-he was to return by the same route, join Sheridan, and together they
-were to move east and unite with Grant, who then proposed to move his
-whole army south of the James and make his attack on Lee at, and south
-of, Petersburg. (70 War of Rebellion, 598.)
-
-Hunter was given some latitude as to how he should execute this order
-and as to the best mode of reaching Lynchburg. It seems he determined
-to move up the Valley, and to that end called on General William W.
-Averell to "suggest a plan of operations, the purpose of which was the
-capture of Lynchburg and the destruction of the railroads running from
-that place in five days." (Id. 146.)
-
-During the first three years of the war, raids were made upon the line
-of the Virginia & Tennessee Railway (now Norfolk & Western) west of
-Lynchburg, for the purpose of destroying Lee's communications with the
-South and Southwest over that important conduit of supplies.
-
-By these raids some damage was done by burning depots and overturning
-bridges, but none which caused any permanent injury or produced any
-serious delay in transportation over it. Except for local panics and
-the destruction of a small amount of property, these raids were, from
-a strategic point of view, a useless expenditure of military strength.
-They did, however, fortunately direct the attention of the Confederate
-authorities to the importance of this line and greatly increase their
-vigilance.
-
-On the 9th of June, 1864, when Averell's plan was laid before Hunter,
-he approved and adopted it. He was then at Staunton, Virginia, in
-command of an army, the exact number of which is not disclosed by
-the records. The official report for the month of May, 1864, for that
-department, discloses the fact that upon the 31st of that month there
-was in it an aggregate present for duty of 36,509. (70 Id. 571.) The
-published correspondence shows that during the month of May every
-possible effort was made to concentrate these forces, and it seems
-from the roster that every brigade and division in the department was
-represented at Staunton when the expedition started. Hence, making due
-allowance for heavy details on guard, provost and escort duty, it may
-well be claimed that when the start was made there were present for
-duty, of all arms, at least 25,000 men, fresh and well equipped. (Id.
-103.)
-
-Some of these troops, like their leader, were renegades from the
-traditions and instincts of their forefathers, and hence very little to
-be trusted, but far the greater proportion of the force was composed of
-high types of the soldier from Pennsylvania, Ohio and New York, and,
-under a proper leader, would have been very formidable. The want of
-such a leader, despite the efficient aid of able subordinates, made the
-campaign a fiasco with no historical parallel, except, perhaps, that of
-the famous King of France, who,
-
- "With twenty thousand men,
- Marched up the hill, and then marched down again."
-
-Hunter's army consisted of four divisions, two of infantry, commanded
-respectively by Generals Sullivan and Crook, and two of cavalry,
-severally commanded by Generals Duffie and Averell. Each division
-consisted of three brigades, and they were accompanied by eight
-batteries of artillery, with an aggregate of thirty-two guns.
-
-Major-General David Hunter, the commander, was a Southerner by race
-and environment, and members of his family had often been honorably
-connected with the history of the State of Virginia. He had been an
-officer in the United States army, and on the breaking out of the war
-between the States, ignored the traditions of his race and took up arms
-against Virginia. It is not the custom of those of Virginian blood to
-be disloyal to their State, and it is her proud boast that the roll of
-those who have been false is very short. What moved Hunter to act as he
-did must be developed by his biographer; it is enough for the historian
-to record the fact of his apostasy. Most Southern officers in the old
-service disapproved the secession of the States, but on the breaking
-out of the war, with rare exceptions, they resisted the powerful
-temptations held out as inducements to stay and join the Northern
-army. They preferred poverty and the uncertainties of the approaching
-conflict to a military distinction which could only be won by shedding
-the blood of their brothers and friends. With this faith they joined
-in the defence of their several States whether they agreed with them
-in their political course or not. Such was the course of the Lees and
-the Johnsons, of Stuart and the Hugers, of the Maurys, and of hundreds
-of others who stood by their people, right or wrong. They believed it
-alike the path of duty and of honor to draw their swords in defence of
-their native land, in the hour of its greatest need, and they turned a
-deaf ear to the whisper of that tempting thrift which is so often the
-reward of fawning.
-
-When Hunter and his army were approaching Staunton, a part of his
-force, estimated at about eight thousand men, had a battle with a
-small, disorganized detachment under General Wm. E. Jones, at a place
-called Piedmont, near Port Republic. The troops under Jones were much
-worn, and were weary with hard work, sharp fighting and scant rations.
-Those of Hunter were fresh, vigorous and well equipped. Jones and his
-men fought well, but he was killed early in the action. His death had
-a bad effect on his command, and it gave way in much confusion and
-with heavy loss. Much good was done during the confusion by Lieutenant
-Carter Berkeley and his two ubiquitous guns, which afterwards did such
-good service in the lines around Lynchburg and upon Hunter's retreat.
-
-After this disaster, Jones's command, under Vaughan, fell back first
-to Fishers ville and Waynesboro, and then towards Charlottesville.
-This left the Valley open as far as Buchanan, except for the small,
-but ever vigilant force of cavalry, so skillfully and manfully handled
-by Brigadier-General John McCausland, who had shortly before been
-transferred from the command of an infantry to a cavalry brigade.
-
-Imboden, with a small body of cavalry, which had escaped from the
-battle of Piedmont, and which was badly mounted and equipped, had
-crossed the Blue Ridge and was energetically attempting to defend the
-Orange & Alexandria Railroad (now the Southern), in Nelson and Amherst
-Counties, from a heavy detachment from the column of General Duffie,
-sent by Hunter to destroy that road for the purpose of cutting off
-reinforcements from Lynchburg.
-
-After the death of General Jones and the defeat of his little army,
-Hunter blew his trumpets with boastful triumph. Staunton, of course,
-forthwith fell into his hands, which was the occasion for another
-blast. General Hunter, in his report of the battle of Piedmont, written
-on June 8, says, with pride, that his "combined force, now in fine
-spirits and condition, will move, day after to-morrow, toward the
-accomplishment of its mission," which was the capture of Lynchburg, and
-the destruction of its bridges and stores. (70 W, of R. 95).
-
-The plan of campaign which General Averell had suggested and Hunter
-had adopted, was a movement up the Valley to Buchanan in four columns,
-each column composed of a division, commanded respectively by himself,
-Crook, Sullivan and Duffie. The last-named division was to march in the
-same direction on the western slope of the Blue Ridge, sending raiding
-parties through the gaps to destroy the Orange & Alexandria Railroad,
-and was finally to move through White's Gap to Amherst Courthouse,
-whence it was to march toward the James River, cross it below
-Lynchburg, cut the James River & Kanawha Canal, destroy the Southside
-Railroad, and then move up the river and join in the attack upon the
-objective point of the campaign. (70 W. of R. 146).
-
-For the purpose of carrying out this plan, General Hunter left
-Staunton on the 10th of June, with his army marching in four columns,
-as suggested by Averell. Drums were beating, flags were flying and
-triumphant bulletins flashed over the wires to announce to the
-Secretary of War the great deeds which were soon to astonish the nation.
-
-       *       *       *       *       *
-
-On the day Hunter left Staunton with so much pomp and circumstance,
-the City of Lynchburg was resting quietly, guarded only by the
-convalescents from the hospitals, and the halt and the maimed who were
-there congregated in invalid camps. A gallant and appropriate leader
-was found for this anomalous force in General Francis T. Nicholls,
-who was in command of the post. He had left _a leg and an arm_,
-respectively, upon two different battle-fields, but he still managed to
-mount his horse and do heroic service. He heard of Hunter's movements
-as soon as a start was made, and commenced organizing his sick and
-wounded into an army of occupation. From his trenchant dispatches
-it seemed that he had determined to hold the town with his cripples
-against Hunter's whole force. (70 W. of R. 760).
-
-The little remnant of the detachment which had been defeated under
-Jones at Piedmont was then along the line of the Orange & Alexandria
-Railroad, and near Charlottesville, under General Vaughan, much
-demoralized and short of ammunition and supplies. It came by forced
-marches, however, to the aid of Lynchburg, where it was under the
-immediate orders of General John C. Breckinridge, the commander of the
-Confederate Department of Southwest Virginia. Unfortunately General
-Breckinridge, though in Lynchburg, was an invalid in bed, having been
-injured when his horse was shot under him at Cold Harbor. Some of the
-troops which had fought under him around Richmond were _en route_
-to the Valley, and, their destination being changed, they reached
-Lynchburg before Early's corps, or any part of it, came up.
-
-There was also another small but efficient force which, by almost an
-accident, was added to the troops defending Lynchburg. The Botetourt
-Artillery, a battery of six guns, under Captain H.C. Douthat, had
-been operating in Southwestern Virginia. On the fifth of June it was
-ordered to the Valley, _via_ Lynchburg, to the command of General
-W.E. Jones. It reached Lynchburg as soon after receiving the order as
-transportation could be afforded, and reported to General Jones by the
-wires. He directed the battery to remain in Lynchburg until further
-orders.
-
-The battery was on the 11th of June ordered to Staunton, and it and its
-men, about one hundred in number, were at once put on a freight train
-on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad and started, despite rumors of
-raiding parties, on its proposed route.
-
-At New Glasgow Station the conductor was notified that a large raiding
-party was at Arrington Depot, and the smoke disclosed the fact that the
-depot buildings were being destroyed.
-
-Captain Douthat at once pushed forward with the train, upon which
-there happened to be a car-load of muskets, with suitable ammunition.
-Douthat's object was to reach the Tye River bridge before the Federal
-troops and save it from destruction. This he did, and, breaking open
-the ordnance boxes, armed his men with muskets and forty rounds of
-ammunition, and then, at a double quick, crossed the Tye River, and got
-into position to defend the bridge.
-
-When the Federal videttes came in contact with what seemed a heavy
-infantry picket they retired and reported a large infantry force on
-hand, and the whole raiding party at once withdrew and the bridge
-was saved. Had it been destroyed, Lynchburg must have fallen, as
-reinforcements could not have come up in time to protect it.
-
-The sound judgment and prompt and bold action of Captain Douthat and
-the gallantry of his men on this occasion is worthy of all praise--yet,
-strange to say, as he was unattached at the time, there is no official
-report of this valuable service.
-
-The battery, after this, was unable to continue its journey to
-Staunton, as the railroad had been much damaged, and it therefore
-fortunately returned to Lynchburg and took a very active part in the
-defence of the city. It aided in the repulse of Duffie's division on
-the Forest Road, one section of two guns being stationed at the old
-soapstone quarry on that road, on the crest of the hill beyond the road
-to Tate's Spring. These two guns protected the railroad bridge over Ivy
-Creek and drove the Federal cavalry from it whenever they approached.
-The other four were on the other side of the road, supporting the
-brigade under Colonel Forsberg, and kept up a very heavy fire on
-the enemy during his stay. Our comrade and fellow-citizen, Mr. A.H.
-Plecker, was a gunner in this battery, and for his gallant services was
-tendered a commission. This he declined on the ground that he could do
-better service as a gunner, in the discharge of which duty he had won
-much reputation.
-
-The arrival of these different detachments of troops gave much comfort
-to Nicholls, and they were at once placed in position. There were
-still, however, so few of the Confederates on the ground that they
-counted more as a picket than as a regular line of battle.
-
-To add to the general confusion incident to this campaign which had
-been inaugurated in General Lee's rear, it must be remembered that
-General Sheridan, with a large body of well-equipped and well-mounted
-cavalry, had, on the 7th of June, crossed the Chickahominy, and on the
-10th had struck the Virginia Central Railroad (now the Chesapeake &
-Ohio), with the intention of joining Hunter in his march on Lynchburg.
-He was met on the 11th and 12th of June at Trevilian's Depot, in Louisa
-County, by a Confederate force of cavalry, under General Wade Hampton,
-and was repulsed with such disorder that he hurried back to the cover
-of Grant's lines in disorganized confusion, leaving the road open for
-the reinforcements which Lee was hurrying to the defence of Lynchburg.
-
-Some description of Hampton's great cavalry battle at Trevilian's Depot
-would strictly be a part of any history of the siege and battle of
-Lynchburg, for had he failed, Lynchburg would necessarily have fallen
-into the hands of the enemy; but time will not permit so pleasant a
-digression. It is enough to say that it was one of the most brilliant
-and successful engagements in which our troops were involved during
-the war, and one which shed well-deserved renown not only on General
-Wade Hampton, who commanded, but on every officer and man under him.
-Conspicuous for their gallantry and valuable service in that battle was
-the Second Virginia Cavalry, under our distinguished fellow-citizen,
-General T.T. Munford. This great regiment was made up of companies
-from Lynchburg and the surrounding counties, and was therefore one of
-whose record we all have a right to be proud. On the day of that fight
-it was especially distinguished for its daring courage and for its
-achievements. It was in the front of the charging column which broke
-Custer's line and captured _four_ out of the five caissons lost by
-Sheridan on that day. It captured Custer's headquarters, his sash and
-private wagon and papers. The wagon was used by General Munford until
-it was recaptured, a few days before Appomattox.
-
-On the 12th of June General Lee, who had anxiously been watching the
-movements of the enemy in the Valley, and who was perfectly informed
-of his designs, gave verbal orders to General Jubal A. Early to hold
-his corps (the Second, or Ewell's), with Nelson's and Braxton's
-artillery, in readiness to march to the Shenandoah Valley. After
-dark upon that day these orders were repeated in writing, and he was
-directed to move to the Valley that night at three o'clock _via_ Louisa
-Courthouse, Charlottesville and Brown's Gap. He was further ordered
-to communicate with General Breckinridge at Lynchburg, with a view of
-a combined attack on Hunter. Breckinridge was to attack in front and
-Early in the rear.
-
-The Second Corps was then at Gaines' Mill, near Richmond, numbering
-about eight thousand muskets. (Memoirs of J.A. Early, page 40.) It
-had been for the last forty days constantly fighting, and had taken
-a prominent part in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania
-Courthouse, Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbor, and had had no time or place
-for rest or reorganization. At Spottsylvania Courthouse it lost nearly
-a whole division. Its commander, Major-General Edward Johnson, had been
-wounded and captured. Four of its Brigadier-Generals had been killed
-during the campaign, four desperately wounded, and two more had been
-promoted to Major-Generals and removed to other commands. The troops
-therefore, though hardy and well-tried veterans, were in bad condition
-for so arduous an undertaking. Despite these facts, so well calculated
-to throw the command out of joint, it was on the march an hour before
-that fixed by General Lee in his order! No one but Early knew where
-they were going, but all felt that if Lee ordered the march it was
-right and led to victory. When it started, Hunter was within fifty
-miles of Lynchburg, while Early, on his route by Charlottesville, had
-to move one hundred and sixty miles, of which a part of his troops had
-the aid of very poor railway transportation for sixty miles.
-
-On the 16th of June Early had reached Charlottesville, and his corps
-was at the Rivanna bridge, four miles east of that place, having
-marched eighty miles in four days, well maintaining the reputation
-won under Jackson as "foot cavalry." Here Early received a dispatch
-from Breckinridge announcing that Hunter was at Liberty (now Bedford
-City), only distant twenty-five miles. The Orange & Alexandria Railroad
-had not been sufficiently repaired for transportation in cars. Every
-effort was made, however, to hurry the repairs and to secure trains
-to speedily forward the troops from Charlottesville to Lynchburg, for
-Early, when the perilous position of that city was known, was ordered
-to push on to save it from Hunter's advancing host. He could get only
-one engine and a few cars at first, but soon added to this limited
-transportation enough to enable him to move a part of his command.
-Duffie's attack upon the road between Charlottesville and Lynchburg
-had not been very serious either to the railroad or to the telegraph
-lines, and both were repaired in one or two days, hence at sunrise on
-the morning of the 17th, Early commenced to move his corps by rail.
-The transportation was so limited that he could only get half of his
-infantry moved on that day. Ramseur's division, one brigade under
-Gordon and part of another, were placed upon the train, while Rodes'
-division and the residue of Gordon's were ordered to march along the
-county road, which runs parallel to the railroad, and to meet the train
-as it returned. The artillery and wagon trains were started over the
-county road the night before, but got no aid from the railway, and did
-not reach Lynchburg in time to take any part in the engagement at that
-point. Rodes demanded the right to be sent forward with his division
-ahead of Ramseur, on the ground that he should be called upon to defend
-his native city. This privilege, from some unaccountable reason, was
-denied him, a denial which led to high words between Early and himself.
-
-General Early was on board the first train, but so indifferent was the
-motive power, and so bad the condition of the track, that he and the
-first half of his corps did not reach Lynchburg until the afternoon of
-the 17th, and the rest of his small army did not arrive until nearly
-night the next day--too late to take part in the engagement. Early
-found Breckinridge in bed suffering from the injury to which reference
-is made above, and as Breckinridge could not go out to reconnoitre,
-he had called upon General D.H. Hill, who happened to be in the city,
-to ascertain and define the best lines of defence. This duty was
-performed by General Hill, with the assistance of General Harry T.
-Hays, of Louisiana, who was also in town disabled by a wound received
-at Spottsylvania Courthouse. Hill established the line close to the
-city in breastworks, which had been thrown up on College Hill. These
-were at once occupied by the disorganized infantry force which had
-been defeated at Piedmont under Jones, the Virginia Military Institute
-Cadets, and the invalid corps. To this was added Breckinridge's small
-command, when it arrived on the 16th, and Douthat's battery.
-
-Early, on his arrival, thought this line too near the city for the
-main defence. He feared that in case of battle the shot and shell of
-the enemy would do damage to the property and the people of the town;
-consequently a new line, further out, was established, to which were
-taken the troops with Early, Breckinridge's men and the artillery.
-
-When he reached the field on the afternoon of the 17th, Early found
-Imboden with his small remnant of cavalry, and McCausland with his
-little brigades, occupying the hill at the old Quaker Meeting House,
-on the Salem Turnpike. This cavalry, with their gallant leaders, was
-holding the enemy in check, which was a great achievement, and was one
-absolutely essential to the safety of the city. They were, however,
-very slowly driven back as the main body of Hunter's army advanced.
-
-The small force under Ramseur, which arrived on the evening of the
-17th, was at once thrown forward and occupied the new line established
-by Early, across the Salem Turnpike, about two miles from the city and
-a mile and a half beyond Hill's line on College Hill. This force, with
-two guns of Breckinridge's command, in charge of Lieutenant Carter
-Berkeley, of Staunton, now Dr. Carter Berkeley, of Lynchburg, two guns
-of Lurty's battery, some of the guns of Floyd King's battalion and two
-of Douthat's battery, were placed in the redoubt near the toll-gate and
-stayed the advance of the enemy until dark closed the engagement for
-the day.
-
-These guns of Lieutenant Berkeley had done good service in the Valley
-and rendered themselves and their young commander very famous. They
-reached Lynchburg by forced marches, through the upper part of Amherst
-County, on the evening of the 16th of June. On their arrival at the
-bridge across James River, they were urged forward, as it was supposed
-Hunter was even then in sight. The general direction in which the
-enemy was expected was pointed out to Berkeley, who was ignorant of
-Lynchburg and its topography. He was told to go directly out from the
-bridge to the hills west of the city, so he urged his weary horses up
-Ninth street, passed the old market house to the foot of Courthouse
-hill. There even his nerve was daunted, and he turned up Church street
-to Eighth. He halted a moment, wondering what sort of teams and
-conveyances they had in Lynchburg, but noticing that Eighth street
-was the nearest route to the enemy, he urged his horses up the steep
-declivity, putting several men at each wheel. One-third of the hill was
-thus surmounted, but there is a limit to human and equine endurance,
-and the two guns and their caissons stalled hopelessly. Fortunately
-some of Imboden's cavalry were just passing at the foot of the hill
-on Church street. They saw the trouble, and knowing how important it
-was to get those useful guns into action, jumped from their horses,
-reinforced the storming party and soon had the guns at the top of the
-hill; thence, at a gallop, they moved forward into the line of battle.
-
-The line then selected extended from a point some distance to the
-left of the turnpike through the toll-gate into what is now known
-as Langhorne's field. The residue of Early's command did not reach
-Lynchburg until late on the afternoon of the 18th, when it was hurried
-through the city at a double quick, much to the relief of the citizens,
-who cheered them on their pathway. During the night of the 17th a yard
-engine, with box cars attached, was run up and down the Southside
-Railroad, making as much noise as possible, and thus induced Hunter to
-believe and to report that Early was rapidly being reinforced.
-
-Senator John W. Daniel, then a Major on Early's staff, though at the
-time disabled from duty by a very dangerous wound, describes the
-entrance of these troops upon the scene as follows:
-
- "In this condition Tinsley, the bugler of the Stonewall Brigade, came
- trotting up the road sounding the advance, and behind him came the
- skirmishers of Ramseur's Division with rapid strides. Just then the
- artillerists saw through the smoke the broad white slouch hat of 'Old
- Jube,' who rode amongst them....
-
- Poor Tinsley! His last bugle call, like the bagpipes at Lucknow,
- foretold the rescue of Lynchburg, but on that field he found, in a
- soldier's duty and with a soldier's glory, a soldier's death."
-
-Up to that time Hunter's army was several times larger than that
-opposing him. The addition of Rodes' command and the residue of
-Gordon's to the Confederate forces the next night diminished the
-disparity, but made our army but little over one-half as large as that
-under Hunter. Yet Hunter did not make any serious demonstration on the
-17th, nor until after two o'clock on the 18th. There was firing along
-the picket line and much cannonading, but no serious fight until that
-hour.
-
-Half of the Second Corps and Breckinridge's command, with some fifteen
-guns, occupied the front line, while the cadets, the dismounted cavalry
-and the invalid corps occupied the inner line established by Hill.
-
-On the 18th General Duffie's division of the enemy made some attack on
-Early's right. This attack by Duffie with his division of two brigades
-of cavalry and a battery of artillery is described by him in a report
-made in the field to General Hunter on June 18. He says:
-
- "I have carried out your order in engaging the enemy on the extreme
- left. I attacked him at 12:30 and drove him into his fortifications.
- Have been fighting ever since. Two charges have been made and
- the enemy's strength fully developed in our front. His force is
- much superior to mine. All my force is engaged. The enemy is now
- attempting to turn my right. I shall send a force to check him. I do
- not communicate with Averell on my left." (70 W. of R. 650.)
-
-This force which Duffie describes as so superior to his consisted
-of two small brigades of infantry under General Gabe C. Wharton and
-the cavalry under General John McCausland. It is impossible that the
-whole force was half the size of Duffie's. Wharton's command was but
-a remnant left from Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbor, and McCausland's
-had been in one continuous fight for ten days, and was therefore
-much dismounted, worn and weary. Of the two so-called brigades under
-Wharton, one was commanded by our gallant comrade, Colonel Aug.
-Forsberg, and had, under his leadership, been more than decimated in
-the fights around Richmond during the four weeks immediately preceding.
-
-Had Hunter made a vigorous assault on the line through Judge Daniel's
-Rivermont farm, he could have marched directly into Lynchburg and
-burned the railroad bridges without successful resistance, for Early
-could not have spared a man from his line to oppose him. Wharton's two
-brigades were both east of the Blackwater, and between that stream and
-James River there was only the skirmish line of McCausland's cavalry,
-and a few old men in the trenches across the Rivermont farm. These old
-citizens, however, though entirely "muster free" either from age or
-physical infirmity, did good service. They remained in the trenches,
-though without equipment or even the scant comforts of the regular
-soldier, and were anxiously and gallantly awaiting the anticipated
-attack. Had it been made, they were ready to die in defence of their
-homes.
-
-A reconnoissance was made by Averell on the 18th in the direction of
-the Campbell Courthouse Turnpike. It amounted to nothing, and he soon
-returned to the main lines. Beyond these two movements, picket firing
-and artillery duels, nothing was done until about 2:30 o'clock in the
-afternoon, when the infantry divisions of Sullivan and Crook commenced
-their advance upon Early's centre. This brought about for a short time
-a very active engagement. Our skirmish line was driven in upon the main
-body, as is usual in such cases, and the engagement was fairly general
-and, for a time, very sharp. The enemy soon fell back into a new line,
-and there each side rested on their arms apparently for the night.
-
-Early scarcely felt himself strong enough, before Rodes arrived, to
-attack the enemy on ground selected by them, but was courting an attack
-all day. The enemy's forces showed no signs of weakness or timidity,
-but the indications were that its movements were lacking in well
-defined purpose, and there was obviously want of confidence on the part
-of the subordinate Brigadiers in the Major-General commanding. That
-this feeling prevailed amongst the division and brigade commanders
-is clearly observed on reading their official reports, in which they
-differ with him as to what was done and the causes of the failure to do
-more.
-
-The report of General Crook, who was a very excellent officer, is
-particularly striking. After telling of his march and the occupation of
-his corps on the 17th, he says (70 W. of R. 121):
-
- "Next morning I was sent to the right with my division to make a
- reconnoissance for the purpose of turning the enemy's left; found
- it impracticable after marching some three or four miles, and just
- returned with my division and got into position to support Sullivan's
- division when the enemy made an attack on our lines."
-
-Having said this, and without further word of explanation or
-description of the result, he continues:
-
- "_On the retreat this evening_ my division brought up the rear. When
- I reached Liberty, I found General Averell had gone into camp on the
- edge of the town. The infantry were going into camp some mile and a
- half further on."
-
-He sings no paean of victory, as did Hunter, but preserved a silence
-which is suggestive, if not eloquent.
-
-General Sullivan made no report. All that General Averell says about
-the movements is an elaborate analysis of the causes of the failure,
-chief amongst which he asserts was General Hunter's delay at Lexington
-(70 W. of R. 148). Colonel Frost, who commanded a regiment in Crook's
-division, reports that on the 18th--
-
- "His command marched three miles to the right, and on the afternoon
- was ordered again to the front of the enemy's works, and were
- afterwards formed in line on our left under a heavy fire of artillery.
- Our brigade charged the enemy and drove them back to his rifle-pits.
-
- Here the right gave way, and our brigade being exposed to a close
- firing of musketry, grape and canister, we were obliged to retire
- about thirty paces to a new line of battle, which was held _until
- orders were received to fall back. Marched all that night_, and
- reached Liberty about 3 p.m. on the 9th." (70 W. of R. 135.)
-
-Colonel Rutherford B. Hayes, afterwards President of the United States,
-in reporting the battle of the 18th, says:
-
- "Pursued the retreating rebels and drove them from their rifle-pits to
- the protection of their main works. The works being too strong to be
- carried by the force then before them, the regiment _retired in some
- disorder_, but was promptly reformed before reaching our own lines.
- After leaving Lynchburg the officers and men of the First Brigade
- sustained themselves through the hardships and privation of the
- retreat like good soldiers." (70 W. of R. 123.)
-
-Other quotations from other reports might be made to the same effect.
-
-That these reports may have their true significance it is necessary
-that we note what General Hunter himself says of what took place on the
-17th and 18th. It will be found difficult to understand where all the
-glory comes in. He writes:
-
- "Early in the morning of the 17th orders were given for the troops
- to move, but the march was delayed for several hours at the Great
- Otter River, owing to the difficulty in crossing the artillery, and
- in consequence we did not overtake the enemy until four o'clock in
- the afternoon. At that hour Averell's advance came upon the enemy,
- strongly posted and intrenched at Diamond Hill, five miles from
- Lynchburg. He immediately attacked, and a sharp contest ensued.
- Crook's infantry arriving at the same time, made a brilliant advance
- upon the enemy, drove him from his works back upon the town, killing
- and wounding a number and capturing seventy men and one gun. It being
- too late to follow up this success, we encamped upon the battle-field.
- The best information to be obtained at this point of the enemy's
- forces and plans indicated that all the rebel forces heretofore
- operating in the Valley and West Virginia were concentrated in
- Lynchburg, under the command of General Breckinridge. This force was
- variously estimated at from ten thousand to fifteen thousand men, well
- supplied with artillery, and protected by strong works.
-
- "During the night the trains on the different railroads were heard
- running without intermission, while repeated cheers and the beating
- of drums indicated the arrival of large bodies of troops in the town,
- yet up to the morning of the 18th I had no positive information as
- to whether General Lee had detached any considerable force for the
- relief of Lynchburg. To settle the question, on this morning, I
- advanced my skirmishers as far as the toll-gate on the Bedford Road,
- two miles from the town, and a brisk fire was opened between them
- and the enemy behind their works. This skirmishing with musketry,
- occasionally assisted by the artillery, was kept up during the whole
- of the forenoon. Their works consisted of strong redoubts on each of
- the main roads entering the town, about three miles apart, flanked
- on either side by rifle-pits protected by abatis. On these lines the
- enemy could be seen working diligently, as if to extend and strengthen
- them. I massed my two divisions of infantry in front of the works on
- the Bedford Road, ready to move to the right or left as required, the
- artillery in commanding positions, and Averell's cavalry division in
- reserve. Duffie was ordered to attack resolutely on the Forestville
- Road, our extreme left, while Averell sent two squadrons of cavalry
- to demonstrate against the Campbell Courthouse Road, on our extreme
- right. This detachment was subsequently strengthened by a brigade.
- Meanwhile I reconnoitred the lines, hoping to find a wreak interval
- through which I might push with my infantry, passing between the main
- redoubts, which appeared too strong for a direct assault. While the
- guns were sounding on the two flanks, the enemy, no doubt supposing
- my centre weakened by too great extension of my lines, and hoping
- to cut us in two, suddenly advanced in great force from his works,
- and commenced a most determined attack on my position on the Bedford
- Turnpike. Although his movement was so unexpected and rapid as almost
- to amount to a surprise, yet it was promptly and gallantly met by
- Sullivan's division, which held the enemy in check until Crook was
- enabled to get his troops up. After a fierce contest of half an hour's
- duration, the enemy's direct attack was repulsed; but he persistently
- renewed the fight, making repeated attempts to flank us on the left
- and push between my main body and Duffie's division. In his effort he
- was completely foiled, and at the end of an hour and twenty minutes
- was routed and driven back into his works in disorder and with heavy
- loss. In the eagerness of pursuit, one regiment (One Hundred and
- Sixtieth Ohio) entered the works on the heels of the flying enemy,
- but being unsupported, fell back with trifling loss. Our whole loss
- in this action was comparatively light. The infantry behaved with the
- greatest steadiness, and the artillery, which materially assisted
- in repelling the attack, was served with remarkable rapidity and
- efficiency. This affair closed about two p.m. From prisoners captured
- we obtained positive information that a portion of Ewell's corps was
- engaged in the action, and that the whole corps, twenty thousand
- strong, under the command of Lieutenant General Early, was either
- already in Lynchburg or near at hand. The detachment sent by General
- Averell to operate on our right had returned, reporting that they
- had encountered a large body of rebel cavalry in that quarter, while
- Duffie, although holding his position, sent word that he was pressed
- by a superior force. It had now become sufficiently evident that
- the enemy had concentrated a force of at least double the numerical
- strength of mine, and what added to the gravity of the situation
- was the fact that my troops had scarcely enough of ammunition left
- to sustain another well-contested battle. I immediately ordered all
- the baggage and supply trains to retire by the Bedford turnpike, and
- made preparation to withdraw the army as soon as it should become
- sufficiently dark to conceal the movement from the enemy. Meanwhile,
- as there still remained five hours of daylight, they were ordered to
- maintain a firm front, and with skirmishers to press the enemy's lines
- at all points. I have since learned that Early's whole force was up in
- time to have made a general attack on the same afternoon (18th)--an
- attack which under the circumstances would probably have been fatal to
- us; but, rendered cautious by the bloody repulse of Breckinridge, and
- deceived by the firm attitude of my command, he devoted the afternoon
- to refreshment and repose, expecting to strike a decisive blow on
- the following morning. As soon as it became dark I quietly withdrew
- my whole force, leaving a line of pickets close to the enemy, with
- orders to remain until twelve o'clock (midnight), and then follow the
- main body. This was successfully accomplished without loss of men or
- material, excepting only a few wounded who were left in a temporary
- hospital by mistake."
-
-By a critical examination and comparison of these reports it will be
-seen that the men who did the fighting say nothing of the Confederate
-force being "disgracefully routed," or of their "overwhelming numbers,"
-and maintain a prudent silence as to the cause of Hunter's withdrawal.
-No one can read the whole correspondence without being satisfied that
-such men as Averell, Crook, Sullivan and Hayes, who seemed to have
-all been gallant soldiers, were much discouraged and had no faith in
-Hunter. They believed they could have forced their way through our
-lines and were anxious to do so, for they knew that they had force
-superior both in numbers and equipment. Believing this, they were
-chagrined that a retreat was ordered just as victory was apparently
-within their grasp.
-
-Hunter claimed that he was overwhelmed by numbers, and that he was
-short of ammunition. That he was not outnumbered the official reports
-plainly show. He had two full divisions of infantry, each with three
-brigades, two of cavalry, composed in the aggregate of five brigades
-and thirty-two guns. Early, on the other hand, had only the small
-though very efficient force belonging to Breckinridge's department,
-McCausland's and Imboden's cavalry, the corps of cadets, the Silver
-Grays of the city, the invalids, and about one-half of Ewell's corps;
-the second half did not reach Lynchburg in time to take active part in
-the battle on the 18th. Opposed to Hunter's thirty-two guns, Early had
-none of the artillery attached to the second corps and only the guns
-under Major Floyd King belonging to Breckinridge's command, Douthat's
-battery, two of Berkeley's and several of Lurty's, some fifteen or
-twenty all told. King had four companies of four guns each in his
-command, but Otey's battery was on duty elsewhere. The batteries with
-him were Chapman's, Bryant's and Lowry's. Doing good service in Lowry's
-company was our townsman M.H. Dudley, of the Glamorgan Works.
-
-Early's cavalry, opposed to the elegant divisions of Averell and
-Duffie, consisted of Imboden's remnant, one-half of which was
-dismounted, and all of which, though it did good service, was
-disorganized by the defeat at Piedmont, and, in addition, the gallant
-little brigade so admirably handled by General McCausland.
-
-If General Hunter did not know all this, it was his fault, for it
-was his duty to know, and he had ample opportunity to acquire the
-information. He had scouts on both railroads and the country was filled
-with the vigilant spies who prided themselves on their cleverness. They
-were famous under the name of "Jessie's Scouts"; a name assumed in
-honor of Mrs. General Fremont, who was a daughter of Senator Thomas H.
-Benton. He also had the aid of several notorious local traitors, who
-affected to keep him informed. The truth is he had all the necessary
-information, but lacked the nerve to act on it.
-
-The other excuse made by General Hunter that his army was out of
-ammunition, is equally untenable. It cannot be believed that a corps
-was short of ammunition which had been organized but a few weeks, a
-part only of which had been engaged at Piedmont, and which had fought
-no serious pitched battle, and the sheep, chickens, hogs and cattle
-they wantonly shot on their march could not have exhausted their
-supply. The corps would not have started had the ammunition been so
-scarce. It would have been against all precedent, and any thinking
-man must know that the Ordnance Department of the United States army,
-always full-handed, had well supplied ammunition to an army about to
-start on so important an undertaking. No brigade or division commander
-in his correspondence or in his report made any such complaint. It
-would have given them pleasure to have had some excuse for retreating.
-They undertook to give no excuse, and their silence is so logical that
-it points out with great effect the fact that they had no belief in
-Hunter's excuses, and laid the real blame of the ignominious failure
-upon the incompetence of Hunter himself.
-
-The obvious cause of Hunter's failure was that he did not reach
-Lynchburg on the 16th, the day upon which, according to Averell's
-plan, he was due. Had he reached his destination on the 16th he could
-have occupied the town without opposition. General Breckinridge was
-there, an invalid, and his troops were there in small numbers, much
-wearied, and they, with a few Silver Gray home guards, and the boys
-from the Institute, constituted the sole garrison opposing his army of
-twenty-five thousand men. Why he did not come up is accounted for upon
-two grounds. The first of which was the unnecessary delay at Lexington.
-
-He says in his report, after giving the detail of his performance
-there, "I delayed one day in Lexington" (70 W. of R. 97). Colonel Hayes
-says _two_ days. (Id. 122.) Had he marched without delay he would
-have been in Lynchburg before Early or any part of his troops left
-Charlottesville, and the town would have surrendered without firing a
-gun. He delayed at Lexington that he might vent his personal ill-will
-upon the State of Virginia. He says in his report that he ordered the
-Virginia Military Institute, a college for the education of youth,
-to be burned, and that he also ordered the burning of the residence
-of Hon. John Letcher, formerly Governor of Virginia, alleging as his
-reason for this latter act of barbarity that the governor had urged the
-people to rise in arms to repel the invasion. In burning both places he
-gave no time for anything to be saved. The family of Governor Letcher
-barely escaped with the clothes upon their persons, and the torch was
-applied to the Institute without the opportunity to save its library,
-its philosophical apparatus, its furniture or its archives. All alike
-were consumed to appease his vindictive spite. The statue of the Father
-of his Country, belonging to the Institute, was stolen and sent to be
-erected upon the grounds at West Point. (Id. 640.) It was returned
-after the war.
-
-General Early in his memoirs says:
-
- "The scenes on Hunter's route to Lynchburg were truly heart-rending;
- houses had been burned, and helpless women and children left without
- shelter. The country had been stripped of provisions and many
- families left without a morsel to eat. Furniture and bedding had been
- cut to pieces, and old men and women and children robbed of all the
- clothing they had except that on their backs. Ladies' trunks had been
- rifled and their dresses torn to pieces in mere wantonness; even the
- negro girls had lost their little finery.
-
-        *       *       *       *       *
-
- "Hunter's deeds were those of a malignant and cowardly fanatic, who
- was better qualified to make war upon helpless women and children than
- upon armed soldiers. The time consumed in the perpetration of these
- deeds was the salvation of Lynchburg, with its stores, foundries and
- factories, which were so necessary to our army at Richmond."
-
-There was, however, another more potent influence which stayed Hunter's
-advance. General John McCausland had been operating against the enemy
-in Southwest Virginia with a body of cavalry. When Hunter reached
-Staunton he was ordered across the country to meet him. When near
-Staunton, McCausland was joined by a small brigade under the command of
-Colonel William E. Peters, now professor of Latin at the University of
-Virginia, who was then Colonel of the Twenty-first Virginia Cavalry.
-These two brigades, aggregating some sixteen hundred men, under
-McCausland's leadership, ably seconded by Peters, at once commenced to
-worry Hunter and to keep his whole force in a constant state of alarm.
-This force was so ubiquitous that it was estimated by the enemy as
-being five times its real size. Amongst the officers in the force under
-Colonel Peters was his nephew, and our fellow-citizen, Major Stephen P.
-Halsey, who did good service and distinguished himself for his active
-gallantry.
-
-As Hunter moved from Staunton to Lynchburg these brigades were ever
-in his front, one hour fighting and the next falling back as the main
-column would appear, but ever causing delay and apprehension. The
-tireless little band performed deeds of gallantry as they hung upon
-Hunter's front which entitled every officer and man to a cross of honor.
-
-When Hunter's army reached Buchanan, McCausland had been hovering in
-front of his vanguard for many miles. There was a bridge at this point
-across James River, over which Hunter expected to cross. McCausland
-sent his men over the bridge, and from the south side of the river they
-opened fire on the head of Hunter's column as it appeared in sight, and
-thus checked their advance. McCausland had caused hay to be piled on
-the bridge, much of which was wet with coal oil. He, with Captain St.
-Clair, of his command, had remained on the north side for the purpose
-of setting fire to the bridge. The Federal cavalry charged up very
-close to him before McCausland applied the match, as he was desirous
-that every man of his command should get safely over. As fire was
-opened on him he applied the torch to the hay, and the coal oil at once
-flashed up in a furious blaze.
-
-Captain St. Clair ran up the river bank, and the enemy was so occupied
-in the effort to kill him that they did not see McCausland, who escaped
-in a small boat under the burning bridge, and was not again under their
-fire until he was climbing up the opposite bank of the river.
-
-This thoughtful and gallant conduct of McCausland delayed Hunter's
-column for a whole day, thus giving Lynchburg a better chance for
-defence and rendering Hunter's raid ineffectual.
-
-In Early's dispatch reporting the battle at Lynchburg an expression is
-used which implies a doubt as to whether the cavalry would do its duty.
-Never did cavalry do better service than did that under McCausland,
-both as Hunter advanced and as he retreated. Had McCausland had the
-full command of the cavalry on the retreat, Hunter's wagon train
-and artillery would have fallen into the hands of the Confederates;
-but for some reason, which it is now unnecessary to explain, great
-opportunities were permitted to pass without advantage being taken
-of them. McCausland at Hanging Rock with his force was in a position
-to have attacked the retreating column of the enemy and to have cut
-off his wagon train and many of his guns. He begged to be allowed to
-attack, but was told to await the arrival of the infantry. While he
-waited the enemy discovered his position and so far withdrew that when
-the inhibition was withdrawn the great opportunity was gone, though,
-despite the delay, a number of guns, wagons and supplies were captured
-by his force.
-
-During the second day that Hunter was in the lines around Lynchburg
-McCausland made a raid around his rear and attacked his train at Forest
-Depot, driving a guard of one regiment of infantry and one of cavalry
-back to the Salem pike. This gave Hunter much apprehension and threw
-his force into confusion; how much it contributed to his rapid flight
-that night can never be known. Due credit was not given McCausland for
-this, nor for many of his other valuable services.
-
-Lynchburg owes much to Ramseur's division of the Second Corps and to
-the men who occupied the lines when Hunter arrived, but it was the
-skill of McCausland and Peters and the unflagging energy and courage
-of their officers and men, which so retarded Hunter's movements that
-when he did arrive there was force enough on our line to prevent his
-capturing the city. McCausland and his command were the real saviors of
-the city, and some lasting memorial of its gratitude should be erected
-to perpetuate their deeds.
-
-McCausland proved himself a soldier of a high type. There were few
-officers in either army who, with such a force, could have accomplished
-as much. His little command had been in constant contact with the enemy
-for many days, had been continuously in the saddle and on exhausting
-marches, was badly mounted and badly equipped; everything about it was
-worn and weary but their dauntless spirit; that, under the example of
-their indomitable leaders, never flagged for an instant. The truth
-is, heroism was so common a quality amongst the "old Confeds" during
-that war that heroes were almost at a discount and heroic acts passed
-unnoticed, however great.
-
-The services of this command were recognized at the time by a vote of
-thanks adopted by the City Council of Lynchburg on the 24th of June,
-1864, "for their gallantry in opposing for ten days the march of a
-greatly superior force, thereby retarding the advance of the enemy on
-our city until a proper force could be organized for its defence." The
-citizens of the town at the same time presented General John McCausland
-with a sword and a pair of silver spurs in token of their gratitude.
-
-It is not fair to close this special notice of the service rendered
-the city by McCausland's command without referring especially to the
-gallant conduct of Captain E.E. Bouldin, of the Charlotte cavalry, who
-commanded its rear guard as it fell back before Hunter's army. The
-records show that the numberless charges of Captain Bouldin and his
-valiant band upon Hunter's vanguard were conspicuous, even amongst the
-men of a command where each proved himself a hero. Captain Bouldin
-still survives, and is a useful and modest citizen of Danville,
-Virginia, and a learned and efficient member of its bar.
-
-What General McCausland did in this defence was not the only service
-he rendered the city. When Lee surrendered he rode off with his men
-toward the mountains of Southwest Virginia for the purpose of there
-disbanding. As he approached Lynchburg a committee from the civil
-authorities met him, and, after telling him that the place was being
-looted by lawless squads of disbanded soldiers from Lee's army, asked
-his aid. He at once sent in a squadron which cleared the streets and
-soon restored order. He continued to preserve order until the civil
-authorities organized a force sufficient to maintain it.
-
-When Hunter commenced his advance from Staunton our townsman,
-Colonel J.W. Watts, of the Second Virginia Cavalry, was at his home
-near Liberty, recuperating from severe wounds. Despite his disabled
-condition, he mounted his horse, joined McCausland and rendered him
-valuable aid. To him was assigned the duty of blocking the road from
-Buchanan to the Peaks of Otter. He did this work very thoroughly, but
-he states that so complete was the equipment of Hunter's pioneers
-that they cleared the road in less time than it took him to blockade
-it. Nevertheless the blockade was one of the causes which materially
-delayed the advance of Hunter, and therefore was one of the causes
-which led to the relief of the city.
-
-Major Robert C. Saunders, of Campbell, was at the time of the attack
-by Hunter a resident of the city, being in charge of the Quartermaster
-Department for the collection of the tax-in-kind for this Congressional
-District. He had been in the field as captain of an infantry company
-from Campbell County, and as soon as Hunter's approach was a certainty
-General Nicholls sent for him and sent him out to bring him definite
-information of Hunter's position. He started immediately and soon was
-among Hunter's vanguard, but, though much exposed, he wonderfully
-escaped under cover of the night and brought accurate information
-which was very valuable. He was sent out again, and was in the sharp
-battle fought by General McCausland at New London and by McCausland and
-Imboden at the Quaker Meeting House, and then, as Hunter retreated,
-he was with McCausland and Peters and saw much hard service with those
-sturdy soldiers and their men. His manuscript account of what he saw is
-very interesting, and might properly be inserted in this paper but that
-it would make it too long for one evening's address.
-
-Be the causes of General Hunter's failure what they may, the fact is
-he did fail, and failed disgracefully, where he should have succeeded,
-for he had every advantage of numbers, of guns and of equipment. There
-are many pages of reports of Federal officers about this campaign
-published in the Records of the War of the Rebellion by the United
-States Government, but the cotemporaneous literature on the part of
-Confederate officers is very scant; they fought better and longer
-than they wrote. As a specimen of the Confederate reports, that of
-General Early may fitly be taken. It contrasts strikingly with the
-ten-page document of General Hunter upon the same subject, found in the
-seventieth volume of the War of the Rebellion, page 94.
-
-General Early's report is as follows:
-
- "New London, June 19, 1864, 9:30 A.M.
-
- "_General_:
-
- "Last evening the enemy assaulted my line in front of Lynchburg and
- was repulsed by the part of my command which was up. On the arrival
- of the rest of the command I made arrangements to attack this morning
- at light, but it was discovered that the men were retreating, and I
- am now pursuing. The enemy is retreating in confusion, and, if the
- cavalry does its duty, we will destroy him.
-
- "J.A. Early,
- "Lieutenant General.
-
- "_General R.E. Lee._"
-
-This report is brief and to the point. It has been construed as
-ignoring the troops belonging to the command of Breckinridge, and as
-doing injustice to the cavalry of Imboden and McCausland. General Early
-should have been more careful in writing it, but it must be remembered
-that when it was written he was not informed of the great service which
-had been rendered by the cavalry, or of the faithful work which had
-been done by the troops, other than those belonging to the Second Corps.
-
-In his memoirs (on page 44) General Early says that some time after
-midnight it was discovered that Hunter was moving, but, owing to
-the uncertainty as to whether he was merely changing front or
-retreating, nothing could be done until daylight, when, the retreat
-being ascertained, the pursuit commenced. Early's army moved in three
-columns, the Second Corps on the Salem Turnpike, Breckinridge's
-command, under Elzey, on the Forest Road, and the cavalry, placed by
-Early under General Robert Ransom, on the right of Elzey. The enemy's
-rear was overtaken at Liberty by Ramseur's division and was driven
-through that place at a brisk trot.
-
-It is not within the scope of this paper to follow up the retreat of
-Hunter, nor to narrate the incidents of Early's campaign in Maryland
-and the scare he gave the Government at Washington. What a commotion
-his little army created can be easily understood by inspecting the 70th
-and 71st volumes of the War of the Rebellion, a large part of which
-is taken up by the numberless orders and counter-orders, alarms and
-outcries incident to the fright then prevailing. General Grant seems
-to have been the only person in command on the other side who kept his
-equilibrium and acted with consistent courage and judicious poise.
-
-But before we return to the scenes around Lynchburg incident to the
-attack, it may well be noted that Hunter, after reaching Salem, turned
-off to Lewisburg, West Virginia, and did not feel safe until he had
-placed his army far beyond the Alleghanies and upon the banks of the
-Ohio at Parkersburg. The effect of this remarkable line of retreat was
-that the Valley was left open, and Early seized the opportunity and at
-once commenced his march for the Potomac practically unmolested. On the
-5th of July Hunter and his command were at Parkersburg, on the Ohio,
-while Early, whom he was to obstruct, was crossing the Potomac River
-into Maryland.
-
-Poor Hunter! he seems to have had few friends, and it is almost
-cruel to recite his history, but men who undertake great enterprises
-must expect to be criticised when they fail. He got little comfort,
-and expected none, from the Confederate leaders, but he got even
-less from the Federal, except when it came in the form of such
-reports as that sent by Captain T.K. McCann to General Meigs, the
-Quartermaster-General, in which he says that "General Hunter fought
-four hours on the 17th; on the 18th the General ascertained that Rebel
-force at Lynchburg was fifty-thousand men, and from a prisoner taken
-it was reported that Lee was evacuating Richmond and falling back on
-Lynchburg, and consequently General Hunter was obliged to fall back."
-(Id. 679.) General Grant, however, on the 21st of June, wrote General
-Meade to know where Hunter was, and said, "Tell him _to save his army_
-in the way he thinks best." (Id. 657.)
-
-On the 17th of July Halleck wrote to Hunter, giving him some directions
-in regard to his future movements, saying that "General Grant directs,
-if compelled to fall back, you will retreat _in front of the enemy_
-towards the Potomac, so as to cover Washington _and not be squeezed
-out to one side_, so as to make it necessary to fall back into
-West Virginia to save your army." This order he disregarded most
-ignominiously.
-
-In the same letter Halleck wrote Hunter that General Grant said that in
-the marching _he does not want houses burned_, but "that he wants your
-troops to eat out Virginia clear and clean as far as they can, so that
-crows flying over it for the balance of the year will have to carry
-their rations with them." (Id. 366.)
-
-C.A. Dana, Assistant Secretary of War, wrote to Grant on the 15th of
-July (Id. 332): "Hunter appears to have been engaged in a pretty active
-campaign _against the newspapers_ in West Virginia." And Halleck on the
-same day wrote to Grant that he thought "_Hunter's command was badly
-used up in the Lynchburg expedition_." (Id. 331.)
-
-These assaults, and many others of a like nature, wounded General
-Hunter so greatly that he not only asked to be relieved, but wrote a
-letter to Grant, in which, after speaking of the depressing effect
-upon him of these comments, he unstopped the vials of his wrath against
-his subordinates, upon whom he put the blame of his defeat.
-
-In this letter he says that Sullivan, who commanded one of his
-divisions, was "_not worth one cent_; in fact very much in my way,"
-and, again, he says: "I dashed on toward Lynchburg, and _should
-certainly have taken it if it had not been for the stupidity and
-conceit of that fellow Averell_, who unfortunately joined me at
-Staunton, and of whom I unfortunately had, at the time, a very high
-opinion, and trusted him when I should not have done so." (71 W. of R.
-366.)
-
-With these quotations from the correspondence of his associates,
-General Hunter may be left to the verdict which will be accorded him by
-the future historian of the stirring events in which he took part.
-
-War is not a gentle occupation, and its customs are harsh. To make it
-effective, it is clearly within the rules of civilization to strip an
-enemy's country through which a hostile army is passing of everything
-which will sustain the life of either men or beasts. Hence Grant's
-historic order about the crow carrying his rations, while cruel, is
-within the line of legitimate warfare. But putting non-combatants
-to death, insults to women and children, the wanton destruction of
-household goods and clothes, the application of the torch to dwellings,
-factories and mills, or the destruction of public buildings, and
-especially of institutions of learning and their libraries, and works
-of art and science, is a style of warfare long since relegated to the
-savage. The disgrace of reviving this barbaric strife in modern times
-was reserved for Hunter. General Crook, one of his division commanders,
-a soldier brave and true, felt constrained to note the conduct of the
-troops, and published an order in which he says he "_regrets to learn
-of so many acts committed by our troops that are disgraceful to the
-command_." Hunter knew all this, but there was no word of protest or
-repression from him.
-
-It is to be regretted that later in this campaign, when we carried the
-war across the Potomac, some of our troops retaliated for these brutal
-acts, upon innocent parties. That Hunter had set the example was no
-good excuse, though it was pled. (See General Bradley T. Johnson's
-Report, 90 W. of R. 7.)
-
-General Early has been severely criticised for permitting the escape of
-Hunter. It is always much easier to criticise than to accomplish; to
-point out how a thing should have been done, after we know the result
-of what was done, than to do it at the time. The facts heretofore
-stated can leave no doubt that all was done, as far as the prompt
-pursuit of Hunter is concerned, which could have been done. Early's
-line of defence, owing to the smallness of his force, was not only
-thin but was short; he had therefore to keep in such a condition that
-by changing front rapidly with the troops he had, he could supply the
-place of those he did not have. Hence, when he noticed Hunter moving
-away from his immediate front, he did not suppose he was retiring,
-but merely withdrawing for the purpose of making his attack at another
-point, and prudence demanded that he should keep his troops in hand
-until the enemy's purpose was developed. To do this the delay until
-daylight was essential.
-
-It is a subject of remark that with Hunter's army there were two
-men who very faithfully discharged their duties as soldiers and
-subsequently became Presidents of the United States--one Colonel
-Rutherford B. Hayes, who commanded a brigade, and the other Major
-William McKinley, who was a staff officer.
-
-The loss on neither side was very heavy, but it was very much greater
-on that of the invader than upon ours. Hunter left his dead on the
-field to be buried by his enemy, and his wounded in a field hospital;
-facts which show how precipitously he departed.
-
-The Federal line of battle was formed on the left, directly through the
-yard of the residence of the late C.H. Moorman, whose farm lay on both
-sides of Blackwater Creek, and occupied most of what is now called West
-Lynchburg. When it was known that Hunter was approaching, Mr. Moorman
-packed several wagons with provisions, and, with his negroes and stock,
-moved down toward the Staunton River, leaving his house in charge
-of his young, unmarried daughter, now Mrs. Hurt, his wife, an old
-negro man and several negro women. Before Mr. Moorman cleared his own
-plantation, which was large, he found it necessary to lighten his load,
-and to that end selected a spot and buried his supply of well-cured and
-much prized hams. It turned out that the line of battle of Crook's
-division ran across the spot, and the buried treasure was discovered,
-much to the delight of the troops, who greatly enjoyed a very fine lot
-of old Virginia hams, always valuable, but especially so under such
-circumstances.
-
-At sunrise on the morning of the 17th, Miss Moorman went out on a hill
-near her house to reconnoitre the military situation. She saw a column
-of Federal troops moving on the Salem Turnpike, and was looking at
-them very anxiously when she was shocked to see a line of blue coats
-crossing the field close to her home. She at once ran back, sheltering
-herself behind the fence, but the officer in command was at the door
-before she was, and very politely advised her to stay in the house
-while the fight was going on. The family were not molested during the
-two days that the troops were there. With exceptional visits to the
-front yard, she obeyed the officer's instructions very carefully. She
-heard the constant cannonading and the picket firing without cessation
-all of the 17th and until the evening of the 18th, when the sounds
-changed and indicated that a real battle was going on close at hand.
-She was naturally in a fever of excitement, but could hear nothing
-of the result. About midnight of the 18th, or more probably on the
-morning of the 19th, she heard the rumbling of wagons and artillery on
-the Salem Turnpike, and found the lines around her house were being
-withdrawn, but it was some time before she discovered that the Federal
-troops were retreating. It was then nearly daylight, and she slipped
-out of the house and ran down to the ford across Blackwater Creek and
-notified the cavalry at that point what she had seen. A company was
-at once sent off in pursuit to verify her statement. After they had
-gone, and as she returned home, she met a solitary Federal soldier on
-foot, who asked her what had become of his command. She told him they
-had been whipped and had retreated, and informed him that he was her
-prisoner. He stated he had fallen asleep and had been left, and at once
-surrendered to her.
-
-On reaching her home, although it was not yet sunrise, she started over
-on foot to the point where the heaviest fighting had taken place, that
-she might learn the fate of her brother, Major Marcellus N. Moorman,
-who commanded a battalion of artillery in the Second Corps. He had not
-been in the fight, as the battalion had not reached Lynchburg until
-during the night of the 18th. His command had started in the pursuit
-when she left home on her mission, but she met him on the battle-field
-going to tell his mother good-bye. Thus another son of Lynchburg was in
-line to battle for her defence.
-
-On the extreme right of the Confederate lines, and on a part of what
-is now the farm of Senator Daniel, was stationed the brigade in
-command of Colonel Aug. Forsberg, then a stranger in the city, and
-here merely by the accident of war. On the right of his brigade was
-the Thirtieth battalion of Virginia infantry, under the command of
-Captain, now Judge, Stephen Adams, who, on the breaking out of the
-war, was a practicing attorney of West Virginia. He had married Miss
-Emma Saunders, of Lynchburg, but was then a stranger thrown into the
-line of defence of the city by the like accident. Captain Adams, after
-he became a citizen of Lynchburg, purchased the very land on which
-his men were that day formed in line of battle, and has often dug up
-pieces of shell and bullets which were fired at him. He now preserves
-them as pleasant reminders of the past. Both Captain Adams and Colonel
-Forsberg are now valued citizens of Lynchburg, and we owe them a debt
-of gratitude for their gallant efforts in its defence.
-
-It is not generally known that a few of the Federal shells were thrown
-into the city, but such was the case. The writer has in his possession
-a part of a three-inch percussion shell, shot from a rifle cannon,
-which fell in what was then known as "Meem's Garden," near the spot
-where the Catholic Church of the Holy Cross is now situated. His mother
-lived in the immediate vicinity of the place where it exploded, and,
-when the sound was heard, one of the servants ran over and picked it
-up, and it was thus preserved in the family.
-
-The blood-stained and battle-torn little command of Breckinridge
-reached Lynchburg on the 16th of June. Up to that moment no one in the
-city had hoped that the place could be saved from Hunter's vandalism by
-the cordon of boys, cripples and irregular troops which surrounded it,
-and there was an anxiety which cannot be described; its depth may be
-imagined, but the pen cannot paint it.
-
-The arrival of this small force brought hope back to the hearts of the
-old men and helpless women and children who constituted the population
-of the city, and as the hardy old veterans moved up Main and then up
-Fifth streets they were cheered by joyous crowds of excited women,
-jubilant convalescents and hopeful old men. The troops had made a
-two-days' forced march from the headwaters of Rockfish River and were
-in bad physical condition, but in high spirits. They much enjoyed their
-cordial reception. This is shown by a little incident preserved out of
-the many of the same character by a person who was one of the girls
-present on the occasion.
-
-In the column of troops, as they swung along in a double-quick to meet
-the advancing foe, was one red-haired soldier who had lost both hat and
-shoes, but was advancing with the same alacrity as his comrades who had
-been more fortunate in preserving these valuable articles of dress.
-Miss Sally Scruggs, then a young lady, radiant with the enthusiasm of
-the occasion, was standing upon the wall of the front yard of what was
-then the residence of Mr. H.I. Brown, at the south corner of Fifth
-and Church streets, together with a great many other ladies. She was
-wearing a Confederate broad-brimmed straw hat of her own make, trimmed
-with all the colors which could be raked from the discarded finery of
-the past. Seeing the gallant fellow passing without a hat, she tore
-her own from her head and threw it to him. He caught it, tied it over
-his auburn locks, raised his musket to a present arms, and the brigade
-cheered as long as they were in sight.
-
-The writer has taken much pains to gather from eyewitnesses incidents
-of these eventful days in the history of our city, but with little
-success. It is astonishing how few people took note, or, if they did,
-can narrate the small incidents which would be so interesting to the
-present generation. The main and patent facts they remember well,
-but the official reports and newspapers preserve them to us very
-accurately. What is wanted, and what was the prime aim of this paper,
-is the preservation of those traditional facts which give a reality
-to history which historic papers cannot impart. Little aid has been
-rendered in this respect, though many letters have been written asking
-it, and many personal applications made to those who might, with a
-little trouble, have reproduced from memory many of those incidents so
-essential to the personal interest of such a sketch as this.
-
-Among the facts which have been preserved, it is pleasant to tell of
-another soldier whose subsequent career was one in which every citizen
-took pride. Young W.C. Folkes, the son of our late much respected
-member of the Legislature from this city, Ed. J. Folkes, was at home
-disabled by a wound which had carried away one of his legs. Though
-far from recovered, he seized his crutch and a musket and started out
-to the lines, taking with him our townsman, Mr. E.C. Hamner, then
-not sixteen years old. The two marched out to the furthermost line,
-and there did a soldier's duty under fire all day. Young Folkes,
-after the war, studied law at the University of Virginia and then
-moved to Memphis, Tennessee, where he soon rose to the front rank
-in his profession, and, while yet a young man, was elevated to the
-Supreme bench of the State, where, after a few years of distinguished
-usefulness, he died, beloved and respected in his adopted as well as
-his native State.
-
-The last incident shows the spirit of the boys. But the old men on that
-day were boys also. Mr. Mike O'Connell was over eighty years of age.
-He went out with the Silver Grays. His company was placed on the inner
-line, but with his long rifle he marched out to the skirmish line and
-kept up a constant fire on the enemy all day, though himself under a
-heavy fire.
-
-The writer of this sketch was, he regrets to say, in another part
-of the Army of Northern Virginia at this time, and therefore can
-give nothing from his own experience. He was, however, in constant
-correspondence with his wife, who wrote him very full accounts of all
-that happened. Unfortunately all her letters on this subject, but one,
-have been lost; one extract from that may be worth inserting. It is
-dated Tuesday, June 21, 1864:
-
- "I received three letters from you, for all of which you must accept
- my thanks. It was amusing to me in reading those of the 17th and 19th
- to see how little idea you had of the stirring times through which we
- were passing at Lynchburg.
-
- "On Monday, the 13th, we begun to fear that Hunter would make
- Lynchburg his point of attack, but it was not a definite fear until we
- heard of his being in Lexington, and that he was turning this way. On
- Thursday, the 16th, we heard of his being at Liberty, marching in this
- direction, and then all was excitement and apprehension.
-
- "General Breckinridge, with some troops, got here on Wednesday night,
- and as we saw them passing out West street, it was a most reassuring
- sight, and never were a lot of bronzed and dirty looking veterans,
- many of them barefooted, more heartily welcomed. The streets were
- lined with women, waving their handkerchiefs and cheering them on as
- they moved out to a line on the hills west of the city. We were made
- more hopeful also by the knowledge that General Early, with several
- brigades, was at Charlottesville, en route to reinforce the small
- command of Breckinridge. He arrived with some of his troops on the
- evening of Friday, the 17th, but could do little more than get what he
- had into position. On Saturday, the 18th, more of Early's men came,
- and it was a delightful sound to hear their cheers as they passed out
- to the lines. Eugene was among them, and seemed to delight in the
- chance of making a fight right at home.
-
- "Saturday, the 18th, was a day we will not soon forget. There was no
- general engagement until about three o'clock, but a constant cannonade
- and heavy skirmishing went on all day. Our lines were out near and in
- Spring Hill Cemetery; the enemy's further out. Their skirmish line was
- in Mr. John B. Lee's yard, where a number were killed by our cannon.
- I went out on College Hill and watched the fighting much of the time.
- It was very exciting to see the cannon fire from both sides and the
- explosion of the shells on the opposite side. It was fascinating
- beyond description. I could see our troops moving and taking new
- positions, and could see the Yankee batteries doing the same thing,
- and then the fearful reality of the scene was forced upon me by the
- line of ambulances which were kept busy bringing our wounded into town.
-
- "Colonel Floyd King called at our house and told me, on Friday
- night, that we should put our most valuable things in the cellar for
- protection, and should stay down there ourselves. Many things were
- carried into the basement, including the pictures, china, silver,
- etc., etc., but we did not go there to sleep, thinking it was time
- enough to do so when the shells actually commenced to fly. Our people,
- of course, were very much excited, but, on the whole, behaved very
- well, and with more coolness than I had anticipated. I had so much to
- do I did not have time to be scared, though I was deeply anxious. The
- sight of the familiar faces of the veterans as they marched through
- our streets, reassured me entirely. Early got his men into line on
- Saturday evening, but for some reason I do not understand did not
- attack, and the next morning the coward, Hunter, was gone. Early at
- once started after him, but has not yet overtaken him, we hear.
-
- "Our people criticise Early with much bitterness for not attacking
- Saturday, but I think we ought to be only too glad we got through
- safely without the hazard of a battle. Eugene had the headquarters of
- his sharpshooters at one time in the cemetery, close by his father's
- grave. He went on, of course, with his command. It was a great relief
- when we heard that Hunter was gone. Mother stood it remarkably well.
- She was, of course, very anxious about Eugene, as she would hear the
- booming of the cannon, but she kept up her nerve and spirits.
-
- "Hunter's headquarters were at old Major Hutter's. He told them that
- he proposed to capture or burn Lynchburg. Major Hutter was of course,
- politely treated while Hunter was there, but after he and some of his
- generals who were with him had left the house, other officers and men
- robbed it--robbing Miss Hutter's chamber of her clothing and other
- valuables. Many wounded were left in Major Hutter's yard; indeed,
- the flight was so rapid that all but the slightly wounded were left
- behind, together with many small arms and some cannon. Early may
- not have done all he might have done, but, certain it is, Hunter's
- whole campaign seems to have been a farce. He was gallant when there
- was no enemy, and a coward when they were in sight. He burned the
- Military Institute, which was not even garrisoned by boys, and set
- fire to Governor Letcher's house, which only a woman protected. If the
- 'bravest are the tenderest,' how true it is that the cowards are the
- cruelest. The renegade, David R. Strother (Porte Crayon), was with
- Hunter as one of his staff at Major Hutter's. Another traitor to his
- State, his name and his race.
-
- "The soldiers who came up with Early gave the most distressing
- accounts of the condition of affairs in Louisa County, where the
- Yankee raids have done so much harm to the unprotected. They say the
- desolation is so great that as they marched through the women and
- children flocked to the road for something to eat, and would grasp
- eagerly all the bits of cold corn-bread they could spare them from
- their haversacks. Is it not horrible to think of?"
-
-A remarkable incident happened in connection with the depredation of
-Hunter's troops at Lexington. When the corps of cadets was ordered to
-leave the Institution on the approach of Hunter, they deposited their
-trunks in the residences of neighboring gentlemen for safe keeping.
-
-Young Mr. Carter H. Harrison, of Staunton, was then a cadet, and, with
-several others, put his trunk at Professor Campbell's to save it. When
-the battle was over at Lynchburg and Hunter was gone, the cadets were
-not put in the chasing column, but were relieved from further active
-duty. Mr. Harrison, with others of the corps, went to the battle-field,
-and during his inspection visited the field hospital where the wounded
-of the enemy were being cared for by our surgeons. He noticed one man
-who was badly wounded in the leg, and whose pantaloons were ripped up
-that the surgeon might more easily dress the wound. As Harrison looked
-at the soldier he observed his own initials on his socks, and upon
-further investigation discovered that all the man's underclothes were
-similarly marked and all belonged to him, and were a part of those he
-had left in his trunk at Professor Campbell's.
-
-The man confessed that they had looted Professor Campbell's house, and
-that the underwear was part of the booty. Arrangements were made by
-which possession followed the legal title.
-
-It is needless to attempt to describe the anxiety of the citizens
-as Hunter approached, heralded by the accounts of his vandalism at
-Lexington and on his march. Until their nerves were restored by the
-arrival of Breckinridge's little army of some fifteen hundred men
-and the guns of Berkeley and W.S. Lurty's battery, every woman and
-non-combatant was actively engaged in hiding silver, jewels, provisions
-and other valuables--generally putting them in the very place where
-skilled looters would be sure to go in search. Many things were put
-away at that time which have never been found since, and never will be.
-The anxiety of the hiders so affected their memory that the place of
-hiding was forgotten.
-
-As soon as hope was restored by the appearance of additional troops,
-the energies of the women were directed to the effort of giving food
-to the hungry and travel-worn troops whose arrival had brought them
-so much comfort. While the cannon were booming over the hills of the
-suburbs and the fierce rattle of contending musketry could be heard,
-our women were bending over the fires cooking rations for the men in
-the lines, or scraping lint and rolling bandages for the wounded.
-The first ray of hope restored confidence, and the inhabitants of
-Londondery or Leyden were not more calm or heroic, or more actively
-engaged in doing all in their power for defence, than were these women
-and the old men, who were the only other inhabitants of the city left.
-
-The old men, with such weapons as they could procure of every variety
-of style, were in the trenches across the plateau now known as
-Rivermont, ready to sacrifice their lives in protecting their loved
-ones and their homes from the marauding troops which were advancing
-with a devastating purpose, long since abandoned as unfit for civilized
-warfare. Thus men and women alike braced themselves for the great
-struggle, and, though not put to the final test, were calm, collected
-and brave in the supreme moment when the enemy were thundering at
-our gates. This fact is one of which the city may well be proud, and
-should stimulate coming generations to emulate the example of their
-forefathers.
-
-       *       *       *       *       *
-
-The Garland-Rodes Camp has induced the preparation of these pages, that
-the truths of history may be preserved from that oblivion to which
-human memory consigns all details dependent upon it. It is their duty,
-indeed it is the duty of every citizen of the whole State and of every
-part of it, to garner up the facts connected with our heroic struggle
-and to so preserve them that they shall become the well-established
-traditions of our people. Such traditions are a part of the wealth of a
-race. They both elevate and stimulate succeeding generations. By them
-a high national character is established, and under their influence
-that species of patriotism is engendered whence springs the glorious
-sentiment,
-
- "_Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori_."
-
-The fires of patriotism do not burn most fiercely where the land is
-most productive, or where wealth most accumulates. Nations which have
-owned broad savannahs upon which nature has been most lavish have often
-been driven from their country with little show of manly courage and
-without that zealous patriotism which creates heroes, while the peasant
-of Switzerland and the cottager of the Highlands, neither of whom can
-afford greater luxuries than oatmeal and goat's milk, have held their
-vales and their fastnesses for centuries against all odds. To them
-each dell has its story of valiant deeds of their forefathers and each
-mountain is crowned by traditions which tell of the great achievements
-of their race. For dells and mountains thus sanctified by the glories
-of the past, the peasant and the lord of the manor alike are willing to
-die. It was their love for the stories and romance of their race which
-sustained the nerve of the Swiss Guards in the discharge of their duty
-to the King when, without a faltering nerve, one by one they sunk under
-the blows of the infuriated Jacobins of Paris, and well won the grand
-inscription to their courage on the Lion of Lucerne. A like love was
-the foundation of the wonderful heroism of the Highlanders at Lucknow
-and of the Scotch who climbed the Heights of Abraham at Quebec. So it
-was their love for the historic memories of Virginia which nerved the
-courage of that dauntless division which, under a fire never before
-poured on line of battle, reached the brow of the hill at Gettysburg.
-
-By gathering the traditions of the Highlands and thus perpetuating
-them, Scott has done a great work for Scotland. Others have done the
-same thing for England. It is for this generation to gather the same
-wealth for Virginia. Thus will the history of her people, of her
-valleys, her rivers and her mountains, be preserved and the facts be
-secured to generations yet to come which, when mellowed by time, will
-be perpetuated in story, in poetry and in song.
-
-Thus and thus only can we keep Virginia and her people on the elevated
-plane upon which they have stood for centuries, and thus can we make
-her, in the future, the land of poetry and romance. It is Wallace
-and Tell who are the heroes of the poet and the novelist, not the
-commanders of the great forces with which they contended. In the far
-future many a novel, many a poem and many a song will tell of Lee, of
-Jackson, of Stuart and of Mosby--ideal heroes of romance--long after
-the names of the leaders who fought them will be mere facts in the
-prosaic history of the power of the greater to overcome the less.
-
-It is not our duty to weep over the past or to bemoan the fate which
-resulted in the final overthrow of the Confederacy; nor should we do
-anything to keep alive the bitterness of that strife. On the contrary,
-it is our duty to bow to the logic of what has happened and to believe
-in the wisdom of the all-wise Director of the affairs of nations and
-of peoples; but it is also our duty to see to it that what is good
-and great be preserved, and that our children and children's children
-keep green the traditions which will nerve them to a higher courage
-and stimulate them to a generous emulation of the deeds of their
-forefathers.
-
-
-
-
-APPENDIX.
-
-LYNCHBURG COMPANIES IN THE SERVICE OF THE CONFEDERACY, 1861-'65.
-
-
-The Rifle Grays, Company A, Eleventh Regiment Virginia Volunteers:
-
- _First Captain_, M.S. Langhorne.
- _Second Captain_, G.W. Latham.
- _Third Capt._, Robt. M. Mitchell, Jr.
- _First Lieut._, G.W. Latham.
- _First Lieut._, John W. Daniel.
- _Second Lieut._, Robt. M. Mitchell, Jr.
- _Second Lieut._, H.C. Chalmers.
- _Second Lieut._, James O. Thurman.
- _First Sergt._, Joseph A. Kennedy.
- _Second Sergt._, Elcano Fisher.
- _Third Sergt._, Henry D. Hall.
- _Fourth Sergt._, Peter B. Akers.
- _First Corp._, Geo. T. Wightman.
- _Second Corp._, Samuel R. Miller.
- _Third Corp._, Lucas Harvey.
- _Fourth Corp._, Jas. O. Thurman, Jr.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Allman, William H.
- Akers, William L.
- Bailey, James H.
- Bailey, James W.
- Benson, Henry G.
- Brown, Leslie C.
- Beckwith, Henry C.
- Burroughs, Henry A.
- Ballard, James F.
- Bagby, George W.
- Cheatham, Thos. F.
- Cochran, Robert L.
- Cooney, Thomas.
- Camp, Albert G.
- Crumpton, James A.
- Crumpton, Joseph A.
- Clinkenbeard, Wm. E.
- Conklen, Thomas A.
- Connolly, Jerry M.
- Devine, Frank.
- Diuguid, Edward S.
- Davis, Thomas N.
- Delano, Joseph S.
- Dady, David.
- Evans, William H.
- Edwards, James M.
- Elam, H.F.
- Feyle, Frank H.
- Fulks, James W.
- Frances, Joseph M.
- Furry, William H.
- Gooldy, John F.
- Henry, Charles W.
- Henry, John L.
- Harvey, Charles C.
- Hollins, John G.
- Hollins, James E.
- Heybrook, L.G.
- Hersman, Wm. B.
- Hunt, William R.
- Johnson, Shelbry.
- Jones, William B.
- Jones, Charles J.
- Kennedy, Michael.
- Kidd, George W.
- Latham, Robert F.
- Linkenhoker, Sam'l.
- Mitchell, John R.
- Mitchell, T. Holcomb.
- Mitchell, John J.
- Mitchell, William H.
- McKinney, Sam'l H.
- McCrary, Wm. B.
- Marks, James L.
- Milstead, William.
- McDivitt, C.P.
- Norris, Michael A.
- Norvell, Otway B.
- Omohundro, T.A.
- Porter, Thomas D.
- Pendleton, William.
- Price, N. Leslie.
- Parrish, Booker S.
- Pugh, Charles E.
- Peters, John I.
- Rucker, Edward P.
- Raine, John R.
- Robertson, Thomas D.
- Rainey, Charles W.
- Rogers, James B.
- Rock, John J.
- Rector, Thomas S.
- Sims, Robert F.
- Sewell, George W.
- Stubbs, Robert F.
- Stewart, Philip H.
- Slagle, John H.
- Slagle, David H.
- Sholes, Thomas C.
- Stewart, Stephen P.
- Stabler, Thomas S.
- Shepherd, Joseph H.
- Tyree, Charles H.
- Taylor, William H.
- Thurman, Powhatan.
- Turner, John H.
- Truxall, Andrew J.
- Tyree, Wm. D.R.
- Tyree, John R.
- Taliaferro, Rhoderick.
- Torrence, William H.
- Victor, Henry C.
- Wren, Peter R.
- Warfield, Thomas.
- Williams, William H.
-
-
-Lynchburg Rifles, Company E, Eleventh Regiment Virginia Volunteers:
-
- _First Captain_, J.E. Blankenship.
- _Second Captain_, C.V. Winfree.
- _Third Captain_, John C. Ward.
- _First Lieutenant_, C.V. Winfree.
- _First Lieutenant_, James W. Wray.
- _Second Lieutenant_, W.A. Strother.
- _Second Lieut._, W.M. Taliaferro.
- _Lieutenant_, John P. Knight.
- _Lieutenant_, Walter R. Abbott.
- _Lieutenant_, Adolphus D. Read.
- _Lieutenant_, Charles H. Tyree.
- _Lieutenant_, George P. Norvell.
- _First Sergeant_, W.R. Abbott.
- _Sergeant_, John C. Ward.
- _Sergeant_, A.D. Read.
- _Sergeant_, James W. Wray.
- _Sergeant_, Thomas Keenan.
- _Sergeant_, E.G. Williams.
- _Sergeant_, William M. Seay.
- _Sergeant_, John L. Marion.
- _Corporal_, J.H. Shepperd.
- _Corporal_, John Lovett.
- _Corporal_, D.M. Pettigrew.
- _Corporal_, Thomas H. Love.
- _Corporal_, John Kelly.
- _Corporal_, John R. Holt.
- _Corporal_, John Lovett.
- _Corporal_, W.P. Whitlow.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Anderson, Thos. N.
- Atkinson, John.
- Butterworth, John M.
- Butterworth, Wm. W.
- Bradley, Winfree.
- Brown, F.M.
- Brown, Hillary.
- Burks, Paulus Powell.
- Burks, S.C.
- Bailey, Samuel D.
- Bailey, Thomas D.
- Coffee, William H.
- Colvin, Howard H.
- Colvin, William O.
- Colvin, Robert O.
- Clark, C.C.
- Clark, C.B.
- Clark, R.C.
- Carey, John H.
- Carey, James.
- Day, Thomas E.
- Davis, Arthur P.
- Davis, T.D.
- Dunnivant, William.
- Evans, T.F.
- Equi, Joseph.
- Elder, Hiram P.
- Farriss, William.
- Fortune, William.
- Foster, William E.
- Grant, Bluford.
- Gaulding, T. Henry.
- Gregory, Edward S.
- Gregory, N.H.
- Goins, James.
- Gilbert, George W.
- Gilbert, William.
- Gilbert, Thomas.
- Hart, Patrick S.
- Haines, Robert L.
- Hurt, Samuel.
- Hickey, Patrick H.
- Hendricks, James.
- Howard, John.
- Houston, Francis R.
- Hudgins, James L.
- Hancock, W.T.
- Jones, Charles T.
- Jenkins, J. Samuel.
- Johnson, Charles Y.
- Kayton, J. Patrick.
- Lawhorne, Delaware.
- Lawhorne, James H.
- Lawhorne, Lorenzo.
- Lawhorne, Lucas P.
- Lipscomb, Charles P.
- Moore, Thomas H.
- Miller, James M.
- Mann, Daniel.
- Milstead, Benjamin.
- Marshall, John W.
- Marshall, James.
- Marshall, Charles.
- Marshall, David B.
- Myers, William.
- McCarthy, Patrick.
- Nangle, Edward A.
- Neville, Lewis C.
- Noell, James H.
- Pettus, John E.
- Patrim, William A.
- Paris, Thomas H.
- Parr, John E.
- Padgett, J.J.
- Parker, Joseph A.
- Roberts, Charles R.
- Rucker, Jackson.
- Rockecharlie, V.
- Strause, Simon.
- Stewart, William H.
- Simpson, Charles W.
- Searson, Thomas.
- Sullivan, Michael.
- Spillan, Patrick.
- Smith, George W.
- Smith, John G.
- Smith, Thomas.
- Smith, Robert H.
- Smith, James.
- Thomas, Andrew J.
- Taylor, William.
- Taylor, Burley T.
- Trent, George W.
- Turner, G. Kempton.
- Turski, Francois.
- Ward, James S.
- Williamson, L.C.
- Wooldridge, Jas. R.
- Wooldridge, Joseph.
- Wright, Wm. Rich'd.
- Wray, Ellis D.
- Wills, John McD.
- Walker, J.S.L.
- Wray, Thomas C.
-
-
-Home Guard, Company G, Eleventh Regiment, Virginia Volunteers:
-
- _First Capt._, Samuel Garland, Jr.
- _Second Capt._, Kirkwood Otey.
- _Third Captain_, J. Holmes Smith.
- _First Lieut._, K. Otey.
- _Second Lieut._, J.G. Meem.
- _Third Lieut._, S.M. Simpson.
- _Ord. Sergeant_, J.L. Meem.
- _Third Sergt._, W.J.H. Hawkins.
- _Sergeant_, J.C. Johnson.
- _Color Sergeant_, William Sanford.
- _Fifth Sergeant_, B.L. Blackford.
- _Corporal_, C.D. Hamner.
- _Corporal_, John K. Seabury.
- _Corporal_, J.H. Smith.
- _Corporal_, Hugh Nelson.
- _Surgeon_, Benjamin Blackford.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Abrahams, H.J.
- Adams, R.H.T.
- Akers, E.A.
- Armistead, James.
- Apperson, R.F.
- Anderson, John G.
- Ballowe, T.H.
- Barnes, C.F.
- Blackford, W.H.
- Booth, S.C.
- Brugh, J.B.
- Burks, E.W.
- Button, R.P.
- Burch, Samuel.
- Cabell, Breck.
- Cabell, P.H.
- Cabell, S.
- Campbell, Wiley.
- Colhoun, Robert.
- Conley, John.
- Cosby, C.V.
- Creed, J.J.
- Cross, J.H. (K.)
- Crumpacker, John.
- Dowdy, T.N.
- Dabney, H.
- DeWitt, C.
- Eubank, E.N.
- Franklin, James, Jr.
- Franklin, P.H.
- Ford, William A.
- Gregory, W.S.
- Guggenheimer, M. Jr.
- Guy, D.C.
- Goggin, John P.
- Harris, H.V.
- Harris, Meade.
- Hawkins, S.M.
- Holland, William.
- Ivey, J.W.
- Jennings, J.H.
- Jennings, T.D., Jr.
- Johnson, Minor.
- Kean, R.G.H.
- Kinnear, James F.
- Kinnear, James O.
- Kabler, N.
- Kreuttner, Joseph.
- Kent, J.R.
- Lee, John A.
- Lavinder, G.T.
- Langhorne, C.D.
- Leckie, M.M.
- Lewis, John H.
- Lucado, L.F.
- Lyman, G.R.
- Lydick, James H.
- Lydick, D.
- Mayer, Max L.
- McCorkle, C.
- Miller, A.H.
- Moseley, C.A.
- Moorman, S.L.
- Mosby, L.C.
- Nelson, W.S.
- Nowlin, A.W.
- Oglesby, John.
- Page, C.H.
- Percival, C.D.
- Pierce, R.C.
- Peters, R.T.
- Preston, L.P.
- Preston, S.D.
- Preston, T.L.
- Salmons, G.J.
- Sears, J.R.
- Shelton, G.W.
- Simpson, T.H.
- Snead, W.B.
- Spencer, C.S.
- Stratton, A.B.
- Sumpter, John U.H.
- Shaver, W.H.
- Taliaferro, Van.
- Terry, A.W.C.
- Thompson, J.H.
- Toot, W.A.
- Trigg, W.K.
- Valentine, Joseph.
- Waldron, R.L.
- Watkins, R.W.
- Walsh, T.C.
- Woods, W.H.H.
- Wheeler, J.M.
-
-
-Jefferson Davis Rifles, Company H, Eleventh Regiment, Virginia
-Volunteers:
-
- _Captain_, J. Risque Hutter.
- _First Lieut._, William L. Goggin.
- _First Lieut._, William S. Hannah.
- _Second Lieut._, James W. Hord.
- _Second Lieut._, Ro. D. Early.
- _First Sergeant_, Jas. O. Freeman.
- _Second Sergeant_, S.B. Wright.
- _Third Sergeant_, D.C. Wright.
- _Fourth Sergeant_, Wm. S. Thayer.
- _Fifth Sergeant_, Brandon P. Neville.
- _First Corporal_, George L. Jesse.
- _Second Corporal_, Geo. T. Mitchell.
- _Third Corporal_, Pat. H. Rourke.
- _Fourth Corporal_, Charles Schade.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Akers, H.C.
- Banton, Robert.
- Banton, James H.
- Banton, Richard.
- Blanks, John N.
- Blanks, Robert.
- Burford, William.
- Boland, John.
- Brown, John C.
- Cramer, A.W.
- Callan, Dan.
- Cunningham, Felix.
- Davis, John R.
- Davis, Thomas M.
- Daniel, John.
- Doyle, Henry.
- Donatini, G.
- Eagan, Gabriel.
- Floyd, Alex.
- Floyd, John J.
- Floyd, Nathan D.
- Flowers, Wm. P.
- Flowers, Joseph W.
- Fulks, Robert.
- Fox, Edward.
- Farrer, Robert.
- Fitzgerald, Cyrus.
- Fitzgerald, Ceyton L.
- Gouldin, H.L.
- Gouldin, William.
- Geurtz, Peter.
- Grossman, William.
- Hanly, John.
- Hurt, John H.
- Humphrey, M.L.
- Jones, Thomas.
- Kyle, Benjamin M.
- Labby, M.H.
- Lavinder, James.
- McCormack, L.
- McCormick, S.
- McCormack, Wm.
- McCormack, Wm. D.
- Mitchell, Richard H.
- Micalany, Peter.
- Musgrove, Franklin.
- Myers, Samuel W.
- Oliver, Pleasant.
- O'Brien, Michael.
- Rucker, George W.
- Rucker, Paulus G.
- Reynolds, James.
- Reynolds, John H.
- Rodgers, George W.
- Rider, William.
- Still, Thomas.
- Stanly, Joseph.
- Stanly, D.W.
- Singleton, William H.
- Seay, Isaac.
- Seay, Richard.
- Sprouse, Samuel.
- Turner, Charles.
- Whitten, James.
- White, John W.
-
-
-Wise Troop, Company B, Second Regiment Virginia Cavalry:
-
- _First Capt._, John S. Langhorne.
- _Second Capt._, Chas. M. Blackford.
- _Third Capt._, George B. Horner.
- _Fourth Capt._, William Steptoe.
- _First Lieut._, C.M. Blackford.
- _Second Lieut._, Van R. Otey.
- _Second Lieut._, Wm. H. Stratton.
- _Second Lieut._, A.D. Warwick.
- _Second Lieut._, John Alexander.
- _Second Lieut._, John O. Thornhill.
- _Second Lieut._, J.P. Robertson.
- _Lieutenant_, R.B. Isbell.
- _First Sergt._, William Langhorne.
- _First Sergt._, Robert W. Lacy.
- _Second Sergt._, E.G. Scott.
- _Second Sergt._, John S. Massie.
- _Third Sergt._, A.S. Watson.
- _Fourth Sergt._, W.B. Cross.
- _Sergeant_, M.B. Langhorne.
- _Sergeant_, C. Christian.
- _Sergeant_, James Chalmers.
- _Sergeant_, John T. Luckett.
- _Corporal_, S.M. Alexander.
- _Corporal_, C.V. Donohue.
- _Corporal_, F.M. Stone.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Abbott, J.P.
- Akers, E.A.
- Alexander, E.A.
- Allen, T.W.
- Barnes, A.J.
- Barnes, E.F.
- Bays, John R.
- Berkley, Joseph.
- Bibb, John R.
- Boiling, W.R.
- Bowman, N.B.
- Boyd, Andrew.
- Boyd, James.
- Bradley, William.
- Brook, St. George T.
- Browning, C.P.
- Browning, John.
- Callahan, J.E.
- Carnefix, E.M.
- Caruthers, John.
- Clay, D.C.
- Coles, John.
- Cox, John C.
- Cox, P.S.
- Cox, Samuel.
- Cox, Thad.
- Crumpton, Robert.
- Dameron, C.D.
- Dobyns, Joe.
- Dunnington, V.G.
- Early, S.H.
- Edwards, J.E.
- Edwards, J.T.
- Edwards, W.P.M.
- Eubank, W.E.J.
- Everett, H.B.
- Fariss, J.
- Flemming, F.W.
- Flood, Thomas W.
- Floyd, Charles A.
- Godsey, F.M.
- Green, Charles.
- Green, John L.
- Hammerling, C.D.
- Holley, W.E.
- Hunt, H.C.
- Ingram, J.R.
- Irvine, W.A.
- Jones, J.W.
- Kasey, J.B.
- Kefauver, William.
- Kemper, Hugh.
- Kinnear, George A.
- Kinnear, John A.
- Kinnear, William.
- Langhorne, J. Kent.
- Lawson, Joe.
- Lawson, S.M.
- Leake, F.M.
- Leman, A.H.
- Lewis, John C.
- Lock, Daniel.
- Love, A.D.
- Love, S.A.
- Love, T.H.
- Lucado, William F.
- Luck, Henry.
- Mays, C.J.
- Mays, C. Richard.
- Mays, H.H.
- McCorkle, S.M.
- Meriweather, C.J.
- Mitchell, J.E.
- Moore, Sampson.
- Morgan, J.H.
- Norvell, Charles.
- Offterdinger, Herman.
- Palmer, C.F.
- Percival, George.
- Perrigo, George.
- Perriman, William P.
- Pettyjohn, S.W.
- Phelps, J.C.W.
- Purvis, W.C.
- Read, John A.
- Roberts, H.T.
- Rucker, James G.
- Sale, J.E.
- Seabury, E.C.
- Seabury, R.M.
- Seabury, W.J.
- Sherrar, John C.
- Smith, John Thomas.
- Smith, William N.
- Sneed, S. Emmitt.
- Spencer, W.R.
- Stone, Frank.
- Sullivan, Dennis.
- Sumpter, S.R.
- Taylor, John O.
- Taylor, O.P.
- Taylor, Thomas P.
- Thurman, Alexander.
- Thurman, Powhatan.
- Toler, W.D.
- Tucker, Willis.
- Tyree, Kichard.
- Wall, Thomas.
- Watson, W.H.
- Whitlow, W.H.
- Witt, J.C.
- Woodruff, A.M.
- Wright, J.L.
-
-
-Lee Battery, Company A, Braxton's Battalion, Virginia Artillery:
-
- _First Captain_, Pierce B. Anderson.
- _Second Captain_, Charles J. Raine.
- _Third Capt._, Wm. W. Hardwicke.
- _First Lieutenant_, C.W. Statham.
- _Second Lieut._, Chas. J. Raine.
- _Second Lieut._, John R. Massey.
- _Second Lieut._, W.W. Hardwicke.
- _Second Lieut._, William Early.
- _Second Lieut._, W.H. Hughes.
- _Second Lieut._, James Hughes.
- _First Sergeant_, W.H. Broyles.
- _Second Sergeant_, Thos. Franklin.
- _Third Sergeant_, Wm. Eads.
- _Fourth Sergeant_, Thos. Wood.
- _Orderly Sergeant_, Alex. East.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Alvis, Sam.
- Brooks, William.
- Brooks, James.
- Brooks, T.S.
- Brooks, Thomas.
- Bowman, John.
- Bransom, Jackson.
- Bateman, Sam.
- Broyles, Samuel A.
- Cregg, Callahan.
- Caldwell, Archer.
- Cox, John.
- Coleman, Singleton.
- Coleman, George.
- Coffee, Thomas.
- Castillo, Patrick.
- Depriest, William.
- Davidson, Benj.
- Dunn, Samuel.
- Donivan, William.
- East, William.
- Eads, Thomas.
- Eads, Joe.
- Eads, Samuel.
- Friedhoff, Hammond.
- Fletcher, Lucian.
- Falwell, John.
- Gowin, James.
- Gowin, John.
- Gowin, Sam.
- Gaddess, John B.
- Green, Charles.
- Goolsby, Joshua.
- Grubs, William.
- Goolsby, Louis.
- Green, John.
- Hyman, Henry.
- Hugus, Benj.
- Hughes, James.
- Johnson, Charles.
- Johnson, Thomas.
- Johnson, Joseph.
- Kersey, William.
- Kersey, James.
- Kinlock, William.
- Kirsey, Edward.
- Lynch, John.
- Lipscomb, Wm.
- Layne, Wm.
- Mays, Alonzo.
- Milstead, Frank.
- Mitchell, William.
- Manning, John.
- Moraity, Patrick.
- Norvell, George.
- Norvell, Marion.
- Purdue, Josiah.
- Purdue, Benj.
- Phelps, William.
- Plumb, Louis.
- Roach, William.
- Roach, James.
- Rider, Isaiah.
- Rule, Peter.
- Robinson, James.
- Robinson, Turner.
- Richey, James.
- Rock, George.
- Raine, James.
- Stewart, William.
- Sprouts, William.
- Sprouts, Henry.
- Shepard, Joseph.
- Shepard, Richard.
- Smith, Joseph.
- Stanley, William.
- Stanley, William, Jr.
- Sharp, William.
- Sharp, Henry.
- Seay, James.
- Turner, Wm. R.
- Turpin, Riley.
- Taylor, James.
- Trent, Benj.
- Walker, Reese.
- Walker, John.
- Walker, William.
- Whorley, William.
- Wood, Patrick.
- Wright, William.
- Woolridge, Richard.
- Woolridge, Peter.
- Woolridge, Beverly.
- Woolridge, Daniel.
-
-
- Beauregard Rifles (afterward Beauregard Artillery, or Moorman's
- Battery), mustered into service at Lynchburg, Va., May 11, 1861:
-
- _First Capt._, Marcellus N. Moorman.
- _Second Capt._, John J. Shoemaker.
- _First Lieut._, Blake L. Woodson.
- _Second Lieut._, Ferd. C. Hutter.
- _Third Lieut._, Joseph B. Smith.
- _First Sergt._, Charles R. Phelps.
- _Second Sergt._, Jno. J. Shoemaker.
- _Third Sergt._, James K. Read.
- _Fourth Sergt._, Ed. H. Moorman.
- _First Corp._, Henry D. Yancey.
- _Sec'd Corp._, Aug. Leftwich (K).
- _Third Corp._, Charles L. Burch.
- _Fourth Corp._, John Hurley.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Burkholder, Robt. C.
- Boyd, James M.
- Boyd, Charles A.
- Boyd, Edward D.
- Brown, Samuel H.
- Brown, William R.
- Burford, William E.
- Burford, William C.
- Burford, Archer L.
- Burch, Thomas P.
- Boydton, Wm. Shelley.
- Bradley, James M.
- Cobbs, James A.
- Cary, John.
- Cullen, Thomas P.
- Clopton, William A.
- Christian, John S.
- Coffee, William W.
- Dornin, Anthony E.
- Derr, Charles H.
- Edmondson, John T.
- Edwards, John T.
- Fitzgerald, Wm. N.
- Farmer, Calvin.
- Fisher, G.W.
- Furgerson, Stephen B.
- Fitch, Charles.
- Fariss, Richard.
- Green, George W.L.
- Gordon, Samuel A.
- Hanks, Peter D.
- Hamlett, Robert A.
- Isbell, David D.
- Johnson, William R.
- Jones, McK. W.
- Jones, John D.
- Kinnear, George A.
- Logan, Henry D.
- Loose, William.
- Morris, Charles W.
- Morris, William A.
- Murphy, Walter B.
- Murphy, Albert E.
- Meredith, Samuel A.
- Mundy, Zachary N.
- Mayo, Leonard.
- Marx, William.
- Miller, Robert R.
- Morford, William P.
- Moore, Joseph.
- Marshall, Hunter.
- Meadow, T.P.
- Mauck, Peter D.
- McDonald, Alex.
- McMaster, John.
- McGrath, John.
- McAlister, Robt. C.
- Nunnalee, Lewis T.
- North, Clayton.
- Pamplin, William J.
- Poindexter, G.H.
- Percival, Peter.
- Pettyjohn, Charles.
- Pettyjohn, Joseph.
- Pettyjohn, Jesse N.
- Preston, Samuel T.
- Padgett, Radford H.
- Perkins, Richard J.
- Quinlan, Edward.
- Rucker, James G.
- Ritchey, Harvie F.
- Reid, William S.
- Read, John A.
- Rose, Harry J.
- Rosser, Ed. B.
- Steptoe, Nathan'l M.
- Smithson, Leslie C.
- Stephens, James D.
- Stephens, James W.
- Slaughter, John A.
- Stratton, Albert F.
- Stratton, Jacob.
- Smith, Vincent C.
- Schaffter, Aurelius.
- Turpin, W.R.
- Vorhauer, William.
- Watts, Richard A.
- Wood, John F.
- Webb, John W.
- Woodroof, Suprey C.
- Woodroof, J.W.
- Wooling, Henry B.
- Wills, Alexander F.
- Whitten, A.E.
- Williams, Chas. W.
- Yeatman, Thos. R.
-
-
-Latham's Battery, Company D, Thirty-Eighth Virginia Battalion:
-
- _First Captain_, H. Grey Latham.
- _Second Captain_, James Dearing.
- _Third Captain_, Jos. G. Blount.
- _Fourth Captain_, J.W. Dickerson.
- _First Lieut._, Geo. S. Davidson.
- _First Lieut._, Jas. W. Dickerson.
- _First Lieut._, T.F. Richardson.
- _First Lieut._, J.L. Thompson.
- _Second Lieut._, W.J. Folkes.
- _Second Lieut._, L. Clark Leftwich.
- _Second Lieut._, William King.
- _Second Lieut._, Chas. A. Taylor.
- _Second Lieut._, J.L. Thompson.
- _Second Lieut._, Jos. G. Blount.
- _Second Lieut._, W.H. Blackwell.
- _Second Lieut._, N.H. Hazlewood.
- _Sergeant_, C.A. Taylor.
- _Sergeant_, S.R. Lampkin.
- _Sergeant_, G.W. Apperson.
- _Sergeant_, M.L. Percival.
- _Corporal_, Wm. P. Taliaferro.
- _Corporal_, J.B. Ley.
- _Corporal_, R.J. Rice.
- _Drummer_, James Chenault.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Allen, A.
- Blackwell, Wm. H.
- Biby, George W.
- Coleman, Clifton L.
- Carndea, William.
- Cox, William F.
- Camden, Samuel H.
- Cullen, J.W.
- Creasy, James F.
- Coleman, R.H.
- Chavers, J.L.
- Camden, William.
- Chenault, C.O.
- Day, C.R.
- Davidson, F.M.
- Dickell, Charles.
- Dayton, E.T.
- Dowdy, James M.
- Fields, Leon.
- Fat, George F.
- Godsey, Frank.
- Goff, Thomas.
- Gilliam, James D.
- Gilliam, Wm. A.
- Gilliam, Cornelius.
- Graham, Thomas.
- Hughes, Hugh.
- Hickey, Daniel.
- Heckworth, L.C.
- Hughes, T.N.
- Kendall, George E.
- Kennady, John.
- Laine, J.H.
- Lindsey, W.
- McGuley, J.B.
- McCanna, James.
- McCreary, Daniel.
- McCreary, John W.
- Moore, W.S.
- Moore, Jere.
- Moseley, G.W.
- Marks, T.V.
- Mason, J.N.
- Mays, James W.
- Oliver, William H.
- O'Brien, Wm. A.
- Owen, J.B.
- Perry, J.G.
- Padgett, George.
- Pettit, E.D.
- Phelps, Thomas.
- Perry, C.M.
- Phelps, Jos. M.
- Phelps, J.B.
- Patteson, W.H.
- Read, William.
- Reynolds, Benj.
- Ross, Thomas.
- Radley, John.
- Richardson, T.F.
- Robinson, A.P.
- Stanley, George W.
- Sumpter, A. McK.
- Spencer, Albert.
- Spencer, Wm. A.
- Spencer, James.
- Thompson, J.L.
- Tibbe, John A.
- Torgee, Geo. W.
- Wicker, R.T.
- Wicker, William.
- Wyatt, C.N.
- Woolridge, M.W.
- Walden, E.H.
- Wright, G.R.
- Woolridge, Peter W.
- Wright, C.L.
- Viar, Jacob.
-
-
-Davidson's Battery, Company C, Thirteenth Virginia Battalion:
-
- _First Captain_, Geo. S. Davidson.
- _Second Capt._, J.H. Chamberlayne.
- _First Lieut._, John A. Elliott.
- _First Lieut._, Joseph Lawson.
- _First Lieut._, St. Geo. R. Fitzhugh.
- _Second Lieut._, W.T. Oliver.
- _Second Lieut._, John T. Johnson.
- _Second Lieut._, Thos. W. Powell.
- _Second Lieut._, James C. Otey.
- _Second Lieut._, Robert Ellett.
- _Second Lieut._, Joseph Cohn.
- _Second Lieut._, W. Roane Ruffin.
- _First Sergeant_, James C. Otey.
- _Second Sergt._, D.M.D. Smithson.
- _Third Sergeant_, Ed. J. Duffield.
- _Fourth Sergeant_, Wm. A. Ballard.
- _Fifth Sergt._, Christopher C. Boyd.
- _Fifth Sergeant_, James L. Wood.
- _Corporal_, John J. Smith.
- _Corporal_, Joseph Cohn.
- _Corporal_, John R. Daniel.
- _Corporal_, Wm. W. Omohundro.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Alvis, G.E.
- Alvis, J.T.
- Allen, William.
- Ballard, John.
- Brooks, Custus.
- Briggs, Geo. L.
- Bryant, John J.
- Broyles, John J.
- Childress, Wm. T.
- Callahan, Hezekiah L.
- Callahan, John.
- Dunbar, Geo. W.
- Davidson, Ellis C.
- Doss, Robert H.
- Daniel, John R.
- Day, John R.
- Driskill, John R.
- Echols, Wm. C.
- Echols, Thomas.
- Eika, Frederick.
- Fulks, Marshall.
- Freeman, Leroy.
- Foster, James.
- Frye, Ferd. K.
- Frye, Wm. H.
- Graham, Samuel.
- Gilliam, Robert.
- Glenn, Richard.
- Hunter, Nehemiah H.
- Holcomb, Henry.
- Hannah, Robert M.
- Hall, Samuel F.
- Jones, W.W.
- Jenkins, Obediah.
- Johnson, Thos. H.
- Keys, W.H.
- Kelly, Robert.
- Lewis, John R.
- Layne, David S.
- Loath, Julius.
- Liggon, D.L.
- Lawhorne, Thos. G.
- Leonard, Wm.
- Lloyd, Edward.
- Manley, J.H.
- Melton, John F.
- Marsh, John W.
- Marsh, Robert M.
- Marsh, Peter M.
- Martin, Samuel J.
- Moore, Charles M.
- Moore, Samuel F.
- Moore, James H.
- Moore, Richard.
- McClintick, Robert.
- Murry, Michael.
- Morrison, John.
- Miller, Wm. H.
- Nowell, Robert H.
- North, Adam.
- Newell, Thomas.
- Nelson, Robt. P.
- Omohundro, John B.
- Omohundro, Wm. W.
- Peters, Jesse.
- Plumb, Lewis.
- Phelps, Charles.
- Phelps, Charles R.
- Phelps, John.
- Phelps, Jos. E.
- Perkinson, Henry.
- Padgett, Callohill C.
- Padgett, John W.
- Padgett, R.B.F.
- Pribble, Cornelius J.
- Pribble, Frank C.
- Powers, John.
- Parson, John R.
- Roberts, Richard.
- Reynolds, John, Sr.
- Reynold, Jno. J., Jr.
- Reynolds, Fayette.
- Rouke, Wm. O.
- Richardson, S.M.
- Stewart, Warren A.
- Stewart, John P.
- Stanley, Henry.
- Shell, Landon H.
- Seay, Peter.
- Seay, Isaac.
- Smith, John J.
- Seaymour, Wm. S.
- Thomas, W.T.
- Thomas, Marcell. A.
- Thomas, Wm. H.
- Taylor, Wm. H.
- Thayer, Robert.
- Umphreys, Edward.
- Waldron, Adel.
- Wood, James L.
- Wells, James M.
- Whitten, Gustavus.
-
-
-Heavy Artillery, Company C, Fourth Regiment Virginia Artillery:
-
- _First Capt._, Samuel D. Preston.
- _Second Capt._, Thomas S. Preston.
- _First Lieut._, Thomas S. Preston.
- _Second Lieut._, Wm. H. Banton.
- _Second Lieut._, John W. Davis.
- _Second Lieut._, Stephen C. Perrow.
- _Second Lieut._, Thomas A. Tibbs.
- _Second Lieut._, F.J. Rockenbach.
- _First Sergt._, Stephen C. Perrow.
- _Second Sergt._, F.J. Rockenbach.
- _Third Sergt._, John J. Linkinhoker.
- _Fourth Sergt._, A.M. Davies.
- _Fifth Sergt._, George W. Wyatt.
- _Corporal_, William C. Mays.
- _Corporal_, J.N. Haynes.
- _Corporal_, Benj. H. Hawkins.
- _Corporal_, Alfred D. Hickman.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Brafford, Robert A.
- Ballowe, W.A.
- Bocock, S.R.
- Brown, Bird.
- Brown, Preston.
- Bryant, Joseph.
- Bryant, Lyman.
- Butts, William R.
- Crawford, William.
- Cash, John I.
- Campbell, W.A.
- Cushwell, Thomas.
- Cafflin, John W.
- Dawson, Harry.
- Dixon, John J.
- Fitzgerald, Chas. J.
- Fitzgerald, Geo. A.
- Ford, Simeon W.
- Goolsby, Paul A.
- Grant, Paul H.
- Grant, W.H.
- Harris, A.W.
- Hickman, Alex.
- Hickman, Matthew A.
- Holt, George W.
- Hope, Robert.
- Howard, John C.
- Isenhower, James.
- Isaacs, W.H.
- Johnson, John J.
- Johnson, Robert A.
- Jones, James W.
- Kenny, James M.
- Kirby, W.R.
- Lane, Edward.
- Lingleton, W.R.
- Maine, Isaac S.
- Mays, Joshua B.
- Mason, Benj. D.
- McCormack, Caspar.
- Moore, Gustavus.
- Morris, George W.
- Morris, N.D.
- Morris, W.C.
- Moxley, George W.
- Oneman, N. Proffitt.
- Perdew, John.
- Phelps, James R.
- Read, W.N.
- Rice, D.C.
- Selby, W.M.
- Sasser, W.T.
- Terry, E.S.
- Thacker, D.
- Tucker, C.D.
- Tucker, C.H.
- Tucker, William.
- Thurman, Archibald.
- Tollsy, J.H.
- Turner, Thomas H.
- Tyree, Augustus.
- Vier, Edward.
- Walker, George T.
- Warren, Edward.
- Wilkerson, Thomas.
- Yuille, Philip P.
-
-
-Lee's Body Guard, afterwards Company E, Thirty-ninth Battalion Virginia
-Cavalry:[1]
-
- _Captain_, A.H. Pettigrew.
- _First Lieutenant_, J.A. Armistead.
- _Second Lieutenant_, Fred. Mitchell.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Baber, John.
- Bagby, Lilburn.
- Couch, James M.
- Craddock, David.
- Chumbley, Joseph.
- Christian, Nat.
- Franklin, Thos. E.
- Franklin, Samuel.
- Farmer, William.
- Hunter, Thomas.
- Johns, J.O.
- Jones, Edmund W.
- Jones, John T.
- Kinnear, James.
- Perrow Willis.
- Rodes, John.
- Slaughter, Samuel.
- Taliaferro, C.C.
- Taliaferro, Hugh.
- Thompson, Thomas.
-
-
-Kirkpatrick's Battery, Company A, Thirty-first Battalion Virginia
-Artillery:[2]
-
- _Captain_, Thos. J. Kirkpatrick.
- _First Lieut._, George W. Hobson.
- _Second Lieut._, R.G. Scott.
- _Third Lieut._, A.R. Woodroof.
-
-
-PRIVATES.
-
- Butterworth, Moses.
- Christian, John.
- Doss, William.
- Hains, Christopher.
- Hewitt, A. Bowling.
- Hewitt, A.I.
- Hewitt, A.R.
- Horner, James W.
- Inge, William J.
- Kinckle, Frank T.
- Kinnear, John H.
- Lewis, John.
- Mason, John T.
- McCausland, Jas. F.
- McDaniel, William L.
- Moore, Thomas W.
- McKinney, Barney.
- McCorkle, William.
- McCorkle, John J.
- Miller, Frank T.
- Nowlin, James B.
- Petty, William J.
- Rodes, Lafayette P.
- Steptoe, W.T.
- Steptoe, Jacob M.
- Wills, Edwin D.
- Yancey, W.T.
-
-
-Second Regiment Virginia Cavalry:[3]
-
- _First Colonel_, R.C.W. Radford.
- _Second Colonel_, T.T. Munford.
- _Third Colonel_, Cary Breckinridge.
- _First Lieutenant-Colonel_, T.T. Munford.
- _Second Lieutenant-Colonel_, J.W. Watts.
- _Third Lieutenant-Colonel_, Cary Breckinridge.
- _Fourth Lieutenant-Colonel_, W.F. Graves.
- _First Major_, J.S. Langhorne.
- _Second Major_, A.L. Pitzer.
- _Third Major_, Cary Breckinridge.
- _Fourth Major_, W.F. Graves.
- _Fifth Major_, Thomas Whitehead.
- _First Adjutant_, R.H. Banks.
- _Second Adjutant_, Lomax Tayloe.
- _Third Adjutant_, John W. Tayloe.
- _Fourth Adjutant_, Samuel Griffin.
- _First Assistant Surgeon_, S.H. Meredith.
- _Second Assistant Surgeon_, W.H. Bowyer.
- _Third Assistant Surgeon_, W.B. Davies.
- _Fourth Assistant Surgeon_, J.H. Nelson.
- _Fifth Assistant Surgeon_, W.H. Peake.
- _Sixth Assistant Surgeon_, James Roan.
- _Seventh Assistant Surgeon_, W.H. Shackleford.
- _First Quartermaster_, W.H. Trent.
- _First Commissary_, Albert McDaniel.
- _First Sergeant-Major_, William Steptoe.
- _Second Sergeant-Major_, John Fulks.
- _Third Sergeant-Major_, R.T. Watts.
- _Fourth Sergeant-Major_, W.J. Holcombe.
- _Fifth Sergeant-Major_, Samuel Griffin.
- _First Color-Sergeant_, Lomax Tayloe.
- _Second Color-Sergeant_, H.D. Yancey.
- _Third Color-Sergeant_, James E. Tucker.
- _Fourth Color-Sergeant_, J.T. Morgan.
- _First Commissary-Sergeant_, C.H. Almond.
- _First Quartermaster-Sergeant_, F. Merriweather.
- _Farrier_, F. Williams.
- _Chief Blacksmiths_, W.B. Bowyer and B. Hughes.
- _First Bugler_, J.H. Kasey.
- _Second Bugler_, William Wilson.
- _Chaplain_, W.W. Berry.
- _Adjutant's Clerk and Ordnance Officers_, M. Guggenheimer
- and T.P. Tayloe.
- _Regimental Band_, George R. Lyman, Leader; Charles H. Rau,
- Thomas Walker, Frank Myering, A.R. Edwards, James M. Edwards,
- Hercy E. Carper, H.M. Harris, R.W. Thurman, Thomas Wilson.
-
- _Company A_, Captain William R. Terry, Bedford County.
- _Company B_, Captain John S. Langhorne, Lynchburg.
- _Company C_, Captain Andrew L. Pitzer, Botetourt County.
- _Company D_, G.W.B. Hale, Franklin County.
- _Company E_, Edgar Whitehead, Amherst County.
- _Company F_, James Wilson, Bedford County.
- _Company G_, R.C.W. Radford, Bedford County.
- _Company H_, Joel W. Flood, Appomattox County.
- _Company I_, J.D. Alexander, Campbell County.
- _Company K_, Eugene Davis, Albemarle County.
-
-FOOTNOTES:
-
-[Footnote 1: Partial roster.]
-
-[Footnote 2: This is a roster of the Lynchburg members.]
-
-[Footnote 3: First mounted regiment organized in Virginia. Organized at
-Lynchburg, May 8, 1861, Colonel J.A. Early, mustering officer.]
-
-
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-<p style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Campaign and battle of Lynchburg, Va., by Charles M. Blackford</p>
-<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
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-</div>
-
-<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Campaign and battle of Lynchburg, Va.</p>
-<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Charles M. Blackford</p>
-<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: January 16, 2023 [eBook #69814]</p>
-<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</p>
-  <p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; text-align:left'>Produced by: Graeme Mackreth and The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</p>
-<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE OF LYNCHBURG, VA. ***</div>
-
-<p class="center">
-<img src="images/illus01.jpg" alt="pic"  />
-</p>
-
-<p class="caption"> BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOHN McCAUSLAND.<br />
-
-FROM A PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN LYNCHBURG DURING THE WAR.</p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<p class="ph1">Campaign and Battle</p>
-
-<p class="ph4">of</p>
-
-<p class="ph2">Lynchburg, Va.</p>
-
-
-<p class="ph3" style="margin-top: 5em;">By CHARLES M. BLACKFORD,</p>
-
-<p class="ph5">OF THE LYNCHBURG BAR.</p>
-
-<p class="ph4" style="margin-top: 5em;">Delivered by Request of the Garland-Rodes Camp of Confederate
-Veterans of Lynchburg, Virginia,</p>
-
-<p class="ph4" style="margin-top: 5em;">JUNE 18th, 1901.</p>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<p class="ph6" style="margin-top: 10em;">PRESS OF</p>
-<p class="ph6">J.P. BELL COMPANY,</p>
-<p class="ph6">LYNCHBURG, VA.</p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<p class="ph2" style="margin-top: 5em;">PREFACE.</p>
-
-
-<p>During the winter of 1901, the Garland-Rodes Camp of Confederate
-Veterans of the City of Lynchburg passed a resolution requesting
-their comrade, Captain Chas. M. Blackford, of Company B, Second
-Virginia Cavalry, C.S.A., to prepare an address upon the Campaign and
-Battle of Lynchburg, which was to be delivered on June 18, 1901, the
-thirty-seventh anniversary of the events of which he was to speak.</p>
-
-<p>Captain Blackford consented to do this work, and did it so much to the
-satisfaction of the Camp that it ordered his address to be printed as
-a valuable contribution to the history of the war and the traditions
-of our city. It is now presented to our citizens and to all who are
-interested in the details of our great struggle.</p>
-
-<p>The Committee have also added, as a matter of local history, a roster
-of the various volunteer companies which left here when the war
-commenced. Many names were added afterwards, but it is to be regretted
-that the list cannot be perfected.</p>
-
-<p style="margin-left: 45%;">
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Jno. H. Lewis</span>, Chairman,</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">N.J. Floyd</span>,</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">R.H. Boatwright</span>,</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">W. Barbour Jones</span>,</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">H. Grey Latham</span>,</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Committee.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p><i>December 10, 1901.</i></p></blockquote>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
-
-
-
-
-<p class="ph2">The Campaign and Battle of Lynchburg.</p>
-
-
-<p>The strategic importance of the city of Lynchburg was very little
-understood by those directing the military movements of the Federal
-armies during the Civil War, or, if understood, there was much lack of
-nerve in the endeavor to seize it.</p>
-
-<p>It was the depot for the Army of Northern Virginia for all commissary
-and quartermaster stores gathered from the productive territory lying
-between it and Knoxville, Tennessee, and from all the country tributary
-to, and drained by, the Virginia &amp; Tennessee Railroad. Here, also, were
-stored many of the scant medical supplies of the Confederacy, and here
-many hospitals gave accommodation to the sick and wounded from the
-martial lines north and east of it. Lynchburg was, in addition, the
-key to the inside line of communication which enabled the Confederate
-troops to be moved from our northern to our eastern lines of defence,
-without exciting the attention of the enemy.</p>
-
-<p>Under these circumstances, it can well be understood that the
-Confederate authorities were ever on the alert to guard so important
-a post. They relied, however, on the facility with which its
-garrison could be reinforced, when threatened, and not on an army of
-occu<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span>pation, for it could not afford to keep so many troops idle.</p>
-
-<p>Though equally important to the success of the Northern armies, in
-their operations in Virginia, no serious effort was directed against it
-until the spring of 1864.</p>
-
-<p>On the 6th of June, 1864, General Grant wrote from the lines around
-Richmond to General David Hunter, then commanding the Department of
-West Virginia, informing him that General Sheridan would leave the
-next day for Charlottesville for the purpose of destroying the Central
-(now the Chesapeake &amp; Ohio) Railway. Having given this information, he
-directed General Hunter to operate with the same general end in view,
-adding that "the complete destruction of this road and of the canal on
-the James River is of great importance to us." He further says, "you
-[Hunter] are to proceed to Lynchburg and commence there. <i>It would be
-of great value to us to get possession of Lynchburg for a single day.</i>"</p>
-
-<p>According to this letter, Hunter, after reaching Staunton, was to move
-on Lynchburg, <i>via</i> Charlottesville, and thence along what Grant calls
-"the Lynchburg branch of the Central Road," meaning the Lynchburg
-extension of the Orange &amp; Alexandria Railroad. Having captured
-Lynchburg and destroyed the bridges and vast stores there concentrated,
-he was to return by the same route, join Sheridan, and together they
-were to move east and unite with Grant, who then proposed to move his
-whole army south of the James<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span> and make his attack on Lee at, and south
-of, Petersburg. (70 War of Rebellion, 598.)</p>
-
-<p>Hunter was given some latitude as to how he should execute this order
-and as to the best mode of reaching Lynchburg. It seems he determined
-to move up the Valley, and to that end called on General William W.
-Averell to "suggest a plan of operations, the purpose of which was the
-capture of Lynchburg and the destruction of the railroads running from
-that place in five days." (Id. 146.)</p>
-
-<p>During the first three years of the war, raids were made upon the line
-of the Virginia &amp; Tennessee Railway (now Norfolk &amp; Western) west of
-Lynchburg, for the purpose of destroying Lee's communications with the
-South and Southwest over that important conduit of supplies.</p>
-
-<p>By these raids some damage was done by burning depots and overturning
-bridges, but none which caused any permanent injury or produced any
-serious delay in transportation over it. Except for local panics and
-the destruction of a small amount of property, these raids were, from
-a strategic point of view, a useless expenditure of military strength.
-They did, however, fortunately direct the attention of the Confederate
-authorities to the importance of this line and greatly increase their
-vigilance.</p>
-
-<p>On the 9th of June, 1864, when Averell's plan was laid before Hunter,
-he approved and adopted it. He was then at Staunton, Virginia, in
-command of an army, the exact number of which is not disclosed by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span>
-the records. The official report for the month of May, 1864, for that
-department, discloses the fact that upon the 31st of that month there
-was in it an aggregate present for duty of 36,509. (70 Id. 571.) The
-published correspondence shows that during the month of May every
-possible effort was made to concentrate these forces, and it seems
-from the roster that every brigade and division in the department was
-represented at Staunton when the expedition started. Hence, making due
-allowance for heavy details on guard, provost and escort duty, it may
-well be claimed that when the start was made there were present for
-duty, of all arms, at least 25,000 men, fresh and well equipped. (Id.
-103.)</p>
-
-<p>Some of these troops, like their leader, were renegades from the
-traditions and instincts of their forefathers, and hence very little to
-be trusted, but far the greater proportion of the force was composed of
-high types of the soldier from Pennsylvania, Ohio and New York, and,
-under a proper leader, would have been very formidable. The want of
-such a leader, despite the efficient aid of able subordinates, made the
-campaign a fiasco with no historical parallel, except, perhaps, that of
-the famous King of France, who,</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">"With twenty thousand men,</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marched up the hill, and then marched down again."</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p>Hunter's army consisted of four divisions, two of infantry, commanded
-respectively by Generals Sullivan and Crook, and two of cavalry,
-severally commanded by Generals Duffie and Averell. Each division
-con<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span>sisted of three brigades, and they were accompanied by eight
-batteries of artillery, with an aggregate of thirty-two guns.</p>
-
-<p>Major-General David Hunter, the commander, was a Southerner by race
-and environment, and members of his family had often been honorably
-connected with the history of the State of Virginia. He had been an
-officer in the United States army, and on the breaking out of the war
-between the States, ignored the traditions of his race and took up arms
-against Virginia. It is not the custom of those of Virginian blood to
-be disloyal to their State, and it is her proud boast that the roll of
-those who have been false is very short. What moved Hunter to act as he
-did must be developed by his biographer; it is enough for the historian
-to record the fact of his apostasy. Most Southern officers in the old
-service disapproved the secession of the States, but on the breaking
-out of the war, with rare exceptions, they resisted the powerful
-temptations held out as inducements to stay and join the Northern
-army. They preferred poverty and the uncertainties of the approaching
-conflict to a military distinction which could only be won by shedding
-the blood of their brothers and friends. With this faith they joined
-in the defence of their several States whether they agreed with them
-in their political course or not. Such was the course of the Lees and
-the Johnsons, of Stuart and the Hugers, of the Maurys, and of hundreds
-of others who stood by their people, right or wrong. They believed it
-alike the path of duty and of honor to draw their<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> swords in defence of
-their native land, in the hour of its greatest need, and they turned a
-deaf ear to the whisper of that tempting thrift which is so often the
-reward of fawning.</p>
-
-<p>When Hunter and his army were approaching Staunton, a part of his
-force, estimated at about eight thousand men, had a battle with a
-small, disorganized detachment under General Wm. E. Jones, at a place
-called Piedmont, near Port Republic. The troops under Jones were much
-worn, and were weary with hard work, sharp fighting and scant rations.
-Those of Hunter were fresh, vigorous and well equipped. Jones and his
-men fought well, but he was killed early in the action. His death had
-a bad effect on his command, and it gave way in much confusion and
-with heavy loss. Much good was done during the confusion by Lieutenant
-Carter Berkeley and his two ubiquitous guns, which afterwards did such
-good service in the lines around Lynchburg and upon Hunter's retreat.</p>
-
-<p>After this disaster, Jones's command, under Vaughan, fell back first
-to Fishers ville and Waynesboro, and then towards Charlottesville.
-This left the Valley open as far as Buchanan, except for the small,
-but ever vigilant force of cavalry, so skillfully and manfully handled
-by Brigadier-General John McCausland, who had shortly before been
-transferred from the command of an infantry to a cavalry brigade.</p>
-
-<p>Imboden, with a small body of cavalry, which had escaped from the
-battle of Piedmont, and which was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span> badly mounted and equipped, had
-crossed the Blue Ridge and was energetically attempting to defend the
-Orange &amp; Alexandria Railroad (now the Southern), in Nelson and Amherst
-Counties, from a heavy detachment from the column of General Duffie,
-sent by Hunter to destroy that road for the purpose of cutting off
-reinforcements from Lynchburg.</p>
-
-<p>After the death of General Jones and the defeat of his little army,
-Hunter blew his trumpets with boastful triumph. Staunton, of course,
-forthwith fell into his hands, which was the occasion for another
-blast. General Hunter, in his report of the battle of Piedmont, written
-on June 8, says, with pride, that his "combined force, now in fine
-spirits and condition, will move, day after to-morrow, toward the
-accomplishment of its mission," which was the capture of Lynchburg, and
-the destruction of its bridges and stores. (70 W, of R. 95).</p>
-
-<p>The plan of campaign which General Averell had suggested and Hunter
-had adopted, was a movement up the Valley to Buchanan in four columns,
-each column composed of a division, commanded respectively by himself,
-Crook, Sullivan and Duffie. The last-named division was to march in the
-same direction on the western slope of the Blue Ridge, sending raiding
-parties through the gaps to destroy the Orange &amp; Alexandria Railroad,
-and was finally to move through White's Gap to Amherst Courthouse,
-whence it was to march toward the James River, cross it below
-Lynchburg, cut the James River &amp; Kanawha Canal, destroy the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> Southside
-Railroad, and then move up the river and join in the attack upon the
-objective point of the campaign. (70 W. of R. 146).</p>
-
-<p>For the purpose of carrying out this plan, General Hunter left
-Staunton on the 10th of June, with his army marching in four columns,
-as suggested by Averell. Drums were beating, flags were flying and
-triumphant bulletins flashed over the wires to announce to the
-Secretary of War the great deeds which were soon to astonish the nation.</p>
-
-<hr class="tb" />
-
-<p>On the day Hunter left Staunton with so much pomp and circumstance,
-the City of Lynchburg was resting quietly, guarded only by the
-convalescents from the hospitals, and the halt and the maimed who were
-there congregated in invalid camps. A gallant and appropriate leader
-was found for this anomalous force in General Francis T. Nicholls,
-who was in command of the post. He had left <i>a leg and an arm</i>,
-respectively, upon two different battle-fields, but he still managed to
-mount his horse and do heroic service. He heard of Hunter's movements
-as soon as a start was made, and commenced organizing his sick and
-wounded into an army of occupation. From his trenchant dispatches
-it seemed that he had determined to hold the town with his cripples
-against Hunter's whole force. (70 W. of R. 760).</p>
-
-<p>The little remnant of the detachment which had been defeated under
-Jones at Piedmont was then along the line of the Orange &amp; Alexandria
-Railroad, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span> near Charlottesville, under General Vaughan, much
-demoralized and short of ammunition and supplies. It came by forced
-marches, however, to the aid of Lynchburg, where it was under the
-immediate orders of General John C. Breckinridge, the commander of the
-Confederate Department of Southwest Virginia. Unfortunately General
-Breckinridge, though in Lynchburg, was an invalid in bed, having been
-injured when his horse was shot under him at Cold Harbor. Some of the
-troops which had fought under him around Richmond were <i>en route</i>
-to the Valley, and, their destination being changed, they reached
-Lynchburg before Early's corps, or any part of it, came up.</p>
-
-<p>There was also another small but efficient force which, by almost an
-accident, was added to the troops defending Lynchburg. The Botetourt
-Artillery, a battery of six guns, under Captain H.C. Douthat, had
-been operating in Southwestern Virginia. On the fifth of June it was
-ordered to the Valley, <i>via</i> Lynchburg, to the command of General
-W.E. Jones. It reached Lynchburg as soon after receiving the order as
-transportation could be afforded, and reported to General Jones by the
-wires. He directed the battery to remain in Lynchburg until further
-orders.</p>
-
-<p>The battery was on the 11th of June ordered to Staunton, and it and its
-men, about one hundred in number, were at once put on a freight train
-on the Orange &amp; Alexandria Railroad and started, despite rumors of
-raiding parties, on its proposed route.</p>
-
-<p>At New Glasgow Station the conductor was notified<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span> that a large raiding
-party was at Arrington Depot, and the smoke disclosed the fact that the
-depot buildings were being destroyed.</p>
-
-<p>Captain Douthat at once pushed forward with the train, upon which
-there happened to be a car-load of muskets, with suitable ammunition.
-Douthat's object was to reach the Tye River bridge before the Federal
-troops and save it from destruction. This he did, and, breaking open
-the ordnance boxes, armed his men with muskets and forty rounds of
-ammunition, and then, at a double quick, crossed the Tye River, and got
-into position to defend the bridge.</p>
-
-<p>When the Federal videttes came in contact with what seemed a heavy
-infantry picket they retired and reported a large infantry force on
-hand, and the whole raiding party at once withdrew and the bridge
-was saved. Had it been destroyed, Lynchburg must have fallen, as
-reinforcements could not have come up in time to protect it.</p>
-
-<p>The sound judgment and prompt and bold action of Captain Douthat and
-the gallantry of his men on this occasion is worthy of all praise&mdash;yet,
-strange to say, as he was unattached at the time, there is no official
-report of this valuable service.</p>
-
-<p>The battery, after this, was unable to continue its journey to
-Staunton, as the railroad had been much damaged, and it therefore
-fortunately returned to Lynchburg and took a very active part in the
-defence of the city. It aided in the repulse of Duffie's division on
-the Forest Road, one section of two guns being sta<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span>tioned at the old
-soapstone quarry on that road, on the crest of the hill beyond the road
-to Tate's Spring. These two guns protected the railroad bridge over Ivy
-Creek and drove the Federal cavalry from it whenever they approached.
-The other four were on the other side of the road, supporting the
-brigade under Colonel Forsberg, and kept up a very heavy fire on
-the enemy during his stay. Our comrade and fellow-citizen, Mr. A.H.
-Plecker, was a gunner in this battery, and for his gallant services was
-tendered a commission. This he declined on the ground that he could do
-better service as a gunner, in the discharge of which duty he had won
-much reputation.</p>
-
-<p>The arrival of these different detachments of troops gave much comfort
-to Nicholls, and they were at once placed in position. There were
-still, however, so few of the Confederates on the ground that they
-counted more as a picket than as a regular line of battle.</p>
-
-<p>To add to the general confusion incident to this campaign which had
-been inaugurated in General Lee's rear, it must be remembered that
-General Sheridan, with a large body of well-equipped and well-mounted
-cavalry, had, on the 7th of June, crossed the Chickahominy, and on the
-10th had struck the Virginia Central Railroad (now the Chesapeake &amp;
-Ohio), with the intention of joining Hunter in his march on Lynchburg.
-He was met on the 11th and 12th of June at Trevilian's Depot, in Louisa
-County, by a Confederate force of cavalry, under General Wade Hampton,
-and was repulsed with such disorder that he hurried back<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span> to the cover
-of Grant's lines in disorganized confusion, leaving the road open for
-the reinforcements which Lee was hurrying to the defence of Lynchburg.</p>
-
-<p>Some description of Hampton's great cavalry battle at Trevilian's Depot
-would strictly be a part of any history of the siege and battle of
-Lynchburg, for had he failed, Lynchburg would necessarily have fallen
-into the hands of the enemy; but time will not permit so pleasant a
-digression. It is enough to say that it was one of the most brilliant
-and successful engagements in which our troops were involved during
-the war, and one which shed well-deserved renown not only on General
-Wade Hampton, who commanded, but on every officer and man under him.
-Conspicuous for their gallantry and valuable service in that battle was
-the Second Virginia Cavalry, under our distinguished fellow-citizen,
-General T.T. Munford. This great regiment was made up of companies
-from Lynchburg and the surrounding counties, and was therefore one of
-whose record we all have a right to be proud. On the day of that fight
-it was especially distinguished for its daring courage and for its
-achievements. It was in the front of the charging column which broke
-Custer's line and captured <i>four</i> out of the five caissons lost by
-Sheridan on that day. It captured Custer's headquarters, his sash and
-private wagon and papers. The wagon was used by General Munford until
-it was recaptured, a few days before Appomattox.</p>
-
-<p>On the 12th of June General Lee, who had anxiously been watching the
-movements of the enemy in the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span> Valley, and who was perfectly informed
-of his designs, gave verbal orders to General Jubal A. Early to hold
-his corps (the Second, or Ewell's), with Nelson's and Braxton's
-artillery, in readiness to march to the Shenandoah Valley. After
-dark upon that day these orders were repeated in writing, and he was
-directed to move to the Valley that night at three o'clock <i>via</i> Louisa
-Courthouse, Charlottesville and Brown's Gap. He was further ordered
-to communicate with General Breckinridge at Lynchburg, with a view of
-a combined attack on Hunter. Breckinridge was to attack in front and
-Early in the rear.</p>
-
-<p>The Second Corps was then at Gaines' Mill, near Richmond, numbering
-about eight thousand muskets. (Memoirs of J.A. Early, page 40.) It
-had been for the last forty days constantly fighting, and had taken
-a prominent part in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania
-Courthouse, Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbor, and had had no time or place
-for rest or reorganization. At Spottsylvania Courthouse it lost nearly
-a whole division. Its commander, Major-General Edward Johnson, had been
-wounded and captured. Four of its Brigadier-Generals had been killed
-during the campaign, four desperately wounded, and two more had been
-promoted to Major-Generals and removed to other commands. The troops
-therefore, though hardy and well-tried veterans, were in bad condition
-for so arduous an undertaking. Despite these facts, so well calculated
-to throw the command out of joint, it was on the march an hour before
-that fixed by General Lee in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span> his order! No one but Early knew where
-they were going, but all felt that if Lee ordered the march it was
-right and led to victory. When it started, Hunter was within fifty
-miles of Lynchburg, while Early, on his route by Charlottesville, had
-to move one hundred and sixty miles, of which a part of his troops had
-the aid of very poor railway transportation for sixty miles.</p>
-
-<p>On the 16th of June Early had reached Charlottesville, and his corps
-was at the Rivanna bridge, four miles east of that place, having
-marched eighty miles in four days, well maintaining the reputation
-won under Jackson as "foot cavalry." Here Early received a dispatch
-from Breckinridge announcing that Hunter was at Liberty (now Bedford
-City), only distant twenty-five miles. The Orange &amp; Alexandria Railroad
-had not been sufficiently repaired for transportation in cars. Every
-effort was made, however, to hurry the repairs and to secure trains
-to speedily forward the troops from Charlottesville to Lynchburg, for
-Early, when the perilous position of that city was known, was ordered
-to push on to save it from Hunter's advancing host. He could get only
-one engine and a few cars at first, but soon added to this limited
-transportation enough to enable him to move a part of his command.
-Duffie's attack upon the road between Charlottesville and Lynchburg
-had not been very serious either to the railroad or to the telegraph
-lines, and both were repaired in one or two days, hence at sunrise on
-the morning of the 17th, Early commenced to move his corps by rail.
-The transportation<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> was so limited that he could only get half of his
-infantry moved on that day. Ramseur's division, one brigade under
-Gordon and part of another, were placed upon the train, while Rodes'
-division and the residue of Gordon's were ordered to march along the
-county road, which runs parallel to the railroad, and to meet the train
-as it returned. The artillery and wagon trains were started over the
-county road the night before, but got no aid from the railway, and did
-not reach Lynchburg in time to take any part in the engagement at that
-point. Rodes demanded the right to be sent forward with his division
-ahead of Ramseur, on the ground that he should be called upon to defend
-his native city. This privilege, from some unaccountable reason, was
-denied him, a denial which led to high words between Early and himself.</p>
-
-<p>General Early was on board the first train, but so indifferent was the
-motive power, and so bad the condition of the track, that he and the
-first half of his corps did not reach Lynchburg until the afternoon of
-the 17th, and the rest of his small army did not arrive until nearly
-night the next day&mdash;too late to take part in the engagement. Early
-found Breckinridge in bed suffering from the injury to which reference
-is made above, and as Breckinridge could not go out to reconnoitre,
-he had called upon General D.H. Hill, who happened to be in the city,
-to ascertain and define the best lines of defence. This duty was
-performed by General Hill, with the assistance of General Harry T.
-Hays, of Louisiana, who was also in town disabled by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span> a wound received
-at Spottsylvania Courthouse. Hill established the line close to the
-city in breastworks, which had been thrown up on College Hill. These
-were at once occupied by the disorganized infantry force which had
-been defeated at Piedmont under Jones, the Virginia Military Institute
-Cadets, and the invalid corps. To this was added Breckinridge's small
-command, when it arrived on the 16th, and Douthat's battery.</p>
-
-<p>Early, on his arrival, thought this line too near the city for the
-main defence. He feared that in case of battle the shot and shell of
-the enemy would do damage to the property and the people of the town;
-consequently a new line, further out, was established, to which were
-taken the troops with Early, Breckinridge's men and the artillery.</p>
-
-<p>When he reached the field on the afternoon of the 17th, Early found
-Imboden with his small remnant of cavalry, and McCausland with his
-little brigades, occupying the hill at the old Quaker Meeting House,
-on the Salem Turnpike. This cavalry, with their gallant leaders, was
-holding the enemy in check, which was a great achievement, and was one
-absolutely essential to the safety of the city. They were, however,
-very slowly driven back as the main body of Hunter's army advanced.</p>
-
-<p>The small force under Ramseur, which arrived on the evening of the
-17th, was at once thrown forward and occupied the new line established
-by Early, across the Salem Turnpike, about two miles from the city and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span>
-a mile and a half beyond Hill's line on College Hill. This force, with
-two guns of Breckinridge's command, in charge of Lieutenant Carter
-Berkeley, of Staunton, now Dr. Carter Berkeley, of Lynchburg, two guns
-of Lurty's battery, some of the guns of Floyd King's battalion and two
-of Douthat's battery, were placed in the redoubt near the toll-gate and
-stayed the advance of the enemy until dark closed the engagement for
-the day.</p>
-
-<p>These guns of Lieutenant Berkeley had done good service in the Valley
-and rendered themselves and their young commander very famous. They
-reached Lynchburg by forced marches, through the upper part of Amherst
-County, on the evening of the 16th of June. On their arrival at the
-bridge across James River, they were urged forward, as it was supposed
-Hunter was even then in sight. The general direction in which the
-enemy was expected was pointed out to Berkeley, who was ignorant of
-Lynchburg and its topography. He was told to go directly out from the
-bridge to the hills west of the city, so he urged his weary horses up
-Ninth street, passed the old market house to the foot of Courthouse
-hill. There even his nerve was daunted, and he turned up Church street
-to Eighth. He halted a moment, wondering what sort of teams and
-conveyances they had in Lynchburg, but noticing that Eighth street
-was the nearest route to the enemy, he urged his horses up the steep
-declivity, putting several men at each wheel. One-third of the hill was
-thus surmounted, but there is a limit to human<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> and equine endurance,
-and the two guns and their caissons stalled hopelessly. Fortunately
-some of Imboden's cavalry were just passing at the foot of the hill
-on Church street. They saw the trouble, and knowing how important it
-was to get those useful guns into action, jumped from their horses,
-reinforced the storming party and soon had the guns at the top of the
-hill; thence, at a gallop, they moved forward into the line of battle.</p>
-
-<p>The line then selected extended from a point some distance to the
-left of the turnpike through the toll-gate into what is now known
-as Langhorne's field. The residue of Early's command did not reach
-Lynchburg until late on the afternoon of the 18th, when it was hurried
-through the city at a double quick, much to the relief of the citizens,
-who cheered them on their pathway. During the night of the 17th a yard
-engine, with box cars attached, was run up and down the Southside
-Railroad, making as much noise as possible, and thus induced Hunter to
-believe and to report that Early was rapidly being reinforced.</p>
-
-<p>Senator John W. Daniel, then a Major on Early's staff, though at the
-time disabled from duty by a very dangerous wound, describes the
-entrance of these troops upon the scene as follows:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"In this condition Tinsley, the bugler of the Stonewall Brigade, came
-trotting up the road sounding the advance, and behind him came the
-skirmishers of Ramseur's Division with rapid strides. Just then the
-artillerists saw through the smoke the broad white slouch hat of 'Old
-Jube,' who rode amongst them....</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Poor Tinsley! His last bugle call, like the bagpipes at Lucknow,
-foretold the rescue of Lynchburg, but on that field he found, in a
-soldier's duty and with a soldier's glory, a soldier's death."</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>Up to that time Hunter's army was several times larger than that
-opposing him. The addition of Rodes' command and the residue of
-Gordon's to the Confederate forces the next night diminished the
-disparity, but made our army but little over one-half as large as that
-under Hunter. Yet Hunter did not make any serious demonstration on the
-17th, nor until after two o'clock on the 18th. There was firing along
-the picket line and much cannonading, but no serious fight until that
-hour.</p>
-
-<p>Half of the Second Corps and Breckinridge's command, with some fifteen
-guns, occupied the front line, while the cadets, the dismounted cavalry
-and the invalid corps occupied the inner line established by Hill.</p>
-
-<p>On the 18th General Duffie's division of the enemy made some attack on
-Early's right. This attack by Duffie with his division of two brigades
-of cavalry and a battery of artillery is described by him in a report
-made in the field to General Hunter on June 18. He says:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"I have carried out your order in engaging the enemy on the extreme
-left. I attacked him at 12:30 and drove him into his fortifications.
-Have been fighting ever since. Two charges have been made and
-the enemy's strength fully developed in our front. His force is
-much superior to mine. All my force is engaged. The<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> enemy is now
-attempting to turn my right. I shall send a force to check him. I do
-not communicate with Averell on my left." (70 W. of R. 650.)</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>This force which Duffie describes as so superior to his consisted
-of two small brigades of infantry under General Gabe C. Wharton and
-the cavalry under General John McCausland. It is impossible that the
-whole force was half the size of Duffie's. Wharton's command was but
-a remnant left from Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbor, and McCausland's
-had been in one continuous fight for ten days, and was therefore
-much dismounted, worn and weary. Of the two so-called brigades under
-Wharton, one was commanded by our gallant comrade, Colonel Aug.
-Forsberg, and had, under his leadership, been more than decimated in
-the fights around Richmond during the four weeks immediately preceding.</p>
-
-<p>Had Hunter made a vigorous assault on the line through Judge Daniel's
-Rivermont farm, he could have marched directly into Lynchburg and
-burned the railroad bridges without successful resistance, for Early
-could not have spared a man from his line to oppose him. Wharton's two
-brigades were both east of the Blackwater, and between that stream and
-James River there was only the skirmish line of McCausland's cavalry,
-and a few old men in the trenches across the Rivermont farm. These old
-citizens, however, though entirely "muster free" either from age or
-physical infirmity, did good service. They remained in the trenches,
-though without equipment or even the scant<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span> comforts of the regular
-soldier, and were anxiously and gallantly awaiting the anticipated
-attack. Had it been made, they were ready to die in defence of their
-homes.</p>
-
-<p>A reconnoissance was made by Averell on the 18th in the direction of
-the Campbell Courthouse Turnpike. It amounted to nothing, and he soon
-returned to the main lines. Beyond these two movements, picket firing
-and artillery duels, nothing was done until about 2:30 o'clock in the
-afternoon, when the infantry divisions of Sullivan and Crook commenced
-their advance upon Early's centre. This brought about for a short time
-a very active engagement. Our skirmish line was driven in upon the main
-body, as is usual in such cases, and the engagement was fairly general
-and, for a time, very sharp. The enemy soon fell back into a new line,
-and there each side rested on their arms apparently for the night.</p>
-
-<p>Early scarcely felt himself strong enough, before Rodes arrived, to
-attack the enemy on ground selected by them, but was courting an attack
-all day. The enemy's forces showed no signs of weakness or timidity,
-but the indications were that its movements were lacking in well
-defined purpose, and there was obviously want of confidence on the part
-of the subordinate Brigadiers in the Major-General commanding. That
-this feeling prevailed amongst the division and brigade commanders
-is clearly observed on reading their official reports, in which they
-differ with him as to what was done and the causes of the failure to do
-more.</p>
-
-<p>The report of General Crook, who was a very excel<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span>lent officer, is
-particularly striking. After telling of his march and the occupation of
-his corps on the 17th, he says (70 W. of R. 121):</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"Next morning I was sent to the right with my division to make a
-reconnoissance for the purpose of turning the enemy's left; found
-it impracticable after marching some three or four miles, and just
-returned with my division and got into position to support Sullivan's
-division when the enemy made an attack on our lines."</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>Having said this, and without further word of explanation or
-description of the result, he continues:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"<i>On the retreat this evening</i> my division brought up the rear. When
-I reached Liberty, I found General Averell had gone into camp on the
-edge of the town. The infantry were going into camp some mile and a
-half further on."</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>He sings no paean of victory, as did Hunter, but preserved a silence
-which is suggestive, if not eloquent.</p>
-
-<p>General Sullivan made no report. All that General Averell says about
-the movements is an elaborate analysis of the causes of the failure,
-chief amongst which he asserts was General Hunter's delay at Lexington
-(70 W. of R. 148). Colonel Frost, who commanded a regiment in Crook's
-division, reports that on the 18th&mdash;</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"His command marched three miles to the right, and on the afternoon
-was ordered again to the front of the enemy's works, and were
-afterwards formed in line on our left under a heavy fire of artillery.
-Our brigade charged the enemy and drove them back to his rifle-pits.</p>
-
-<p>Here the right gave way, and our brigade being exposed to a close
-firing of musketry, grape and canister, we were obliged to retire
-about thirty paces to a new line of battle, which was held <i>until
-orders were received to fall back. Marched all that night</i>, and
-reached Liberty about 3 p.m. on the 9th." (70 W. of R. 135.)</p></blockquote>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Colonel Rutherford B. Hayes, afterwards President of the United States,
-in reporting the battle of the 18th, says:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"Pursued the retreating rebels and drove them from their rifle-pits to
-the protection of their main works. The works being too strong to be
-carried by the force then before them, the regiment <i>retired in some
-disorder</i>, but was promptly reformed before reaching our own lines.
-After leaving Lynchburg the officers and men of the First Brigade
-sustained themselves through the hardships and privation of the
-retreat like good soldiers." (70 W. of R. 123.)</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>Other quotations from other reports might be made to the same effect.</p>
-
-<p>That these reports may have their true significance it is necessary
-that we note what General Hunter himself says of what took place on the
-17th and 18th. It will be found difficult to understand where all the
-glory comes in. He writes:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"Early in the morning of the 17th orders were given for the troops
-to move, but the march was delayed for several hours at the Great
-Otter River, owing to the difficulty in crossing the artillery, and
-in consequence we did not overtake the enemy until four o'clock in
-the afternoon. At that hour Averell's advance came upon the enemy,
-strongly posted and intrenched at Diamond Hill, five miles from
-Lynchburg. He immediately attacked, and a sharp contest ensued.
-Crook's infantry arriving at the same time, made a brilliant advance
-upon the enemy, drove him from his works back upon the town, killing
-and wounding a number and capturing seventy men and one gun. It being
-too late to follow up this success, we encamped upon the battle-field.
-The best information to be obtained at this point of the enemy's
-forces and plans indicated that all the rebel forces heretofore
-operating in the Valley and West Virginia were concentrated in
-Lynchburg, under the command of General Breckinridge. This force was
-variously estimated at from ten thousand to fifteen thousand men, well
-supplied with artillery, and protected by strong works.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>"During the night the trains on the different railroads were heard
-running without intermission, while repeated cheers and the beating
-of drums indicated the arrival of large bodies of troops in the town,
-yet up to the morning of the 18th I had no positive information as
-to whether General Lee had detached any considerable force for the
-relief of Lynchburg. To settle the question, on this morning, I
-advanced my skirmishers as far as the toll-gate on the Bedford Road,
-two miles from the town, and a brisk fire was opened between them
-and the enemy behind their works. This skirmishing with musketry,
-occasionally assisted by the artillery, was kept up during the whole
-of the forenoon. Their works consisted of strong redoubts on each of
-the main roads entering the town, about three miles apart, flanked
-on either side by rifle-pits protected by abatis. On these lines the
-enemy could be seen working diligently, as if to extend and strengthen
-them. I massed my two divisions of infantry in front of the works on
-the Bedford Road, ready to move to the right or left as required, the
-artillery in commanding positions, and Averell's cavalry division in
-reserve. Duffie was ordered to attack resolutely on the Forestville
-Road, our extreme left, while Averell sent two squadrons of cavalry
-to demonstrate against the Campbell Courthouse Road, on our extreme
-right. This detachment was subsequently strengthened by a brigade.
-Meanwhile I reconnoitred the lines, hoping to find a wreak interval
-through which I might push with my infantry, passing between the main
-redoubts, which appeared too strong for a direct assault. While the
-guns were sounding on the two flanks, the enemy, no doubt supposing
-my centre weakened by too great extension of my lines, and hoping
-to cut us in two, suddenly advanced in great force from his works,
-and commenced a most determined attack on my position on the Bedford
-Turnpike. Although his movement was so unexpected and rapid as almost
-to amount to a surprise, yet it was promptly and gallantly met by
-Sullivan's division, which held the enemy in check until Crook was
-enabled to get his troops up. After a fierce contest of half an hour's
-duration, the enemy's direct attack was repulsed; but he persistently
-renewed the fight, making repeated attempts to flank us on the left
-and push between my main body and Duffie's division. In his effort he
-was completely foiled, and at the end of an hour and twenty minutes
-was routed and driven back into his works in disorder and with heavy
-loss. In the eagerness of pursuit, one regiment (One Hundred<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span> and
-Sixtieth Ohio) entered the works on the heels of the flying enemy,
-but being unsupported, fell back with trifling loss. Our whole loss
-in this action was comparatively light. The infantry behaved with the
-greatest steadiness, and the artillery, which materially assisted
-in repelling the attack, was served with remarkable rapidity and
-efficiency. This affair closed about two p.m. From prisoners captured
-we obtained positive information that a portion of Ewell's corps was
-engaged in the action, and that the whole corps, twenty thousand
-strong, under the command of Lieutenant General Early, was either
-already in Lynchburg or near at hand. The detachment sent by General
-Averell to operate on our right had returned, reporting that they
-had encountered a large body of rebel cavalry in that quarter, while
-Duffie, although holding his position, sent word that he was pressed
-by a superior force. It had now become sufficiently evident that
-the enemy had concentrated a force of at least double the numerical
-strength of mine, and what added to the gravity of the situation
-was the fact that my troops had scarcely enough of ammunition left
-to sustain another well-contested battle. I immediately ordered all
-the baggage and supply trains to retire by the Bedford turnpike, and
-made preparation to withdraw the army as soon as it should become
-sufficiently dark to conceal the movement from the enemy. Meanwhile,
-as there still remained five hours of daylight, they were ordered to
-maintain a firm front, and with skirmishers to press the enemy's lines
-at all points. I have since learned that Early's whole force was up in
-time to have made a general attack on the same afternoon (18th)&mdash;an
-attack which under the circumstances would probably have been fatal to
-us; but, rendered cautious by the bloody repulse of Breckinridge, and
-deceived by the firm attitude of my command, he devoted the afternoon
-to refreshment and repose, expecting to strike a decisive blow on
-the following morning. As soon as it became dark I quietly withdrew
-my whole force, leaving a line of pickets close to the enemy, with
-orders to remain until twelve o'clock (midnight), and then follow the
-main body. This was successfully accomplished without loss of men or
-material, excepting only a few wounded who were left in a temporary
-hospital by mistake."</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>By a critical examination and comparison of these reports it will be
-seen that the men who did the fight<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span>ing say nothing of the Confederate
-force being "disgracefully routed," or of their "overwhelming numbers,"
-and maintain a prudent silence as to the cause of Hunter's withdrawal.
-No one can read the whole correspondence without being satisfied that
-such men as Averell, Crook, Sullivan and Hayes, who seemed to have
-all been gallant soldiers, were much discouraged and had no faith in
-Hunter. They believed they could have forced their way through our
-lines and were anxious to do so, for they knew that they had force
-superior both in numbers and equipment. Believing this, they were
-chagrined that a retreat was ordered just as victory was apparently
-within their grasp.</p>
-
-<p>Hunter claimed that he was overwhelmed by numbers, and that he was
-short of ammunition. That he was not outnumbered the official reports
-plainly show. He had two full divisions of infantry, each with three
-brigades, two of cavalry, composed in the aggregate of five brigades
-and thirty-two guns. Early, on the other hand, had only the small
-though very efficient force belonging to Breckinridge's department,
-McCausland's and Imboden's cavalry, the corps of cadets, the Silver
-Grays of the city, the invalids, and about one-half of Ewell's corps;
-the second half did not reach Lynchburg in time to take active part in
-the battle on the 18th. Opposed to Hunter's thirty-two guns, Early had
-none of the artillery attached to the second corps and only the guns
-under Major Floyd King belonging to Breckinridge's command, Douthat's
-battery, two of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span> Berkeley's and several of Lurty's, some fifteen or
-twenty all told. King had four companies of four guns each in his
-command, but Otey's battery was on duty elsewhere. The batteries with
-him were Chapman's, Bryant's and Lowry's. Doing good service in Lowry's
-company was our townsman M.H. Dudley, of the Glamorgan Works.</p>
-
-<p>Early's cavalry, opposed to the elegant divisions of Averell and
-Duffie, consisted of Imboden's remnant, one-half of which was
-dismounted, and all of which, though it did good service, was
-disorganized by the defeat at Piedmont, and, in addition, the gallant
-little brigade so admirably handled by General McCausland.</p>
-
-<p>If General Hunter did not know all this, it was his fault, for it
-was his duty to know, and he had ample opportunity to acquire the
-information. He had scouts on both railroads and the country was filled
-with the vigilant spies who prided themselves on their cleverness. They
-were famous under the name of "Jessie's Scouts"; a name assumed in
-honor of Mrs. General Fremont, who was a daughter of Senator Thomas H.
-Benton. He also had the aid of several notorious local traitors, who
-affected to keep him informed. The truth is he had all the necessary
-information, but lacked the nerve to act on it.</p>
-
-<p>The other excuse made by General Hunter that his army was out of
-ammunition, is equally untenable. It cannot be believed that a corps
-was short of ammunition which had been organized but a few weeks, a
-part only of which had been engaged at Piedmont, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> which had fought
-no serious pitched battle, and the sheep, chickens, hogs and cattle
-they wantonly shot on their march could not have exhausted their
-supply. The corps would not have started had the ammunition been so
-scarce. It would have been against all precedent, and any thinking
-man must know that the Ordnance Department of the United States army,
-always full-handed, had well supplied ammunition to an army about to
-start on so important an undertaking. No brigade or division commander
-in his correspondence or in his report made any such complaint. It
-would have given them pleasure to have had some excuse for retreating.
-They undertook to give no excuse, and their silence is so logical that
-it points out with great effect the fact that they had no belief in
-Hunter's excuses, and laid the real blame of the ignominious failure
-upon the incompetence of Hunter himself.</p>
-
-<p>The obvious cause of Hunter's failure was that he did not reach
-Lynchburg on the 16th, the day upon which, according to Averell's
-plan, he was due. Had he reached his destination on the 16th he could
-have occupied the town without opposition. General Breckinridge was
-there, an invalid, and his troops were there in small numbers, much
-wearied, and they, with a few Silver Gray home guards, and the boys
-from the Institute, constituted the sole garrison opposing his army of
-twenty-five thousand men. Why he did not come up is accounted for upon
-two grounds. The first of which was the unnecessary delay at Lexington.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>He says in his report, after giving the detail of his performance
-there, "I delayed one day in Lexington" (70 W. of R. 97). Colonel Hayes
-says <i>two</i> days. (Id. 122.) Had he marched without delay he would
-have been in Lynchburg before Early or any part of his troops left
-Charlottesville, and the town would have surrendered without firing a
-gun. He delayed at Lexington that he might vent his personal ill-will
-upon the State of Virginia. He says in his report that he ordered the
-Virginia Military Institute, a college for the education of youth,
-to be burned, and that he also ordered the burning of the residence
-of Hon. John Letcher, formerly Governor of Virginia, alleging as his
-reason for this latter act of barbarity that the governor had urged the
-people to rise in arms to repel the invasion. In burning both places he
-gave no time for anything to be saved. The family of Governor Letcher
-barely escaped with the clothes upon their persons, and the torch was
-applied to the Institute without the opportunity to save its library,
-its philosophical apparatus, its furniture or its archives. All alike
-were consumed to appease his vindictive spite. The statue of the Father
-of his Country, belonging to the Institute, was stolen and sent to be
-erected upon the grounds at West Point. (Id. 640.) It was returned
-after the war.</p>
-
-<p>General Early in his memoirs says:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"The scenes on Hunter's route to Lynchburg were truly heart-rending;
-houses had been burned, and helpless women and children left without
-shelter. The country had been stripped of provisions<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span> and many
-families left without a morsel to eat. Furniture and bedding had been
-cut to pieces, and old men and women and children robbed of all the
-clothing they had except that on their backs. Ladies' trunks had been
-rifled and their dresses torn to pieces in mere wantonness; even the
-negro girls had lost their little finery.</p>
-
-<hr class="tb" />
-
-<p>"Hunter's deeds were those of a malignant and cowardly fanatic, who
-was better qualified to make war upon helpless women and children than
-upon armed soldiers. The time consumed in the perpetration of these
-deeds was the salvation of Lynchburg, with its stores, foundries and
-factories, which were so necessary to our army at Richmond."</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>There was, however, another more potent influence which stayed Hunter's
-advance. General John McCausland had been operating against the enemy
-in Southwest Virginia with a body of cavalry. When Hunter reached
-Staunton he was ordered across the country to meet him. When near
-Staunton, McCausland was joined by a small brigade under the command of
-Colonel William E. Peters, now professor of Latin at the University of
-Virginia, who was then Colonel of the Twenty-first Virginia Cavalry.
-These two brigades, aggregating some sixteen hundred men, under
-McCausland's leadership, ably seconded by Peters, at once commenced to
-worry Hunter and to keep his whole force in a constant state of alarm.
-This force was so ubiquitous that it was estimated by the enemy as
-being five times its real size. Amongst the officers in the force under
-Colonel Peters was his nephew, and our fellow-citizen, Major Stephen P.
-Halsey, who did good service and distinguished himself for his active
-gallantry.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>As Hunter moved from Staunton to Lynchburg these brigades were ever
-in his front, one hour fighting and the next falling back as the main
-column would appear, but ever causing delay and apprehension. The
-tireless little band performed deeds of gallantry as they hung upon
-Hunter's front which entitled every officer and man to a cross of honor.</p>
-
-<p>When Hunter's army reached Buchanan, McCausland had been hovering in
-front of his vanguard for many miles. There was a bridge at this point
-across James River, over which Hunter expected to cross. McCausland
-sent his men over the bridge, and from the south side of the river they
-opened fire on the head of Hunter's column as it appeared in sight, and
-thus checked their advance. McCausland had caused hay to be piled on
-the bridge, much of which was wet with coal oil. He, with Captain St.
-Clair, of his command, had remained on the north side for the purpose
-of setting fire to the bridge. The Federal cavalry charged up very
-close to him before McCausland applied the match, as he was desirous
-that every man of his command should get safely over. As fire was
-opened on him he applied the torch to the hay, and the coal oil at once
-flashed up in a furious blaze.</p>
-
-<p>Captain St. Clair ran up the river bank, and the enemy was so occupied
-in the effort to kill him that they did not see McCausland, who escaped
-in a small boat under the burning bridge, and was not again under their
-fire until he was climbing up the opposite bank of the river.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>This thoughtful and gallant conduct of McCausland delayed Hunter's
-column for a whole day, thus giving Lynchburg a better chance for
-defence and rendering Hunter's raid ineffectual.</p>
-
-<p>In Early's dispatch reporting the battle at Lynchburg an expression is
-used which implies a doubt as to whether the cavalry would do its duty.
-Never did cavalry do better service than did that under McCausland,
-both as Hunter advanced and as he retreated. Had McCausland had the
-full command of the cavalry on the retreat, Hunter's wagon train
-and artillery would have fallen into the hands of the Confederates;
-but for some reason, which it is now unnecessary to explain, great
-opportunities were permitted to pass without advantage being taken
-of them. McCausland at Hanging Rock with his force was in a position
-to have attacked the retreating column of the enemy and to have cut
-off his wagon train and many of his guns. He begged to be allowed to
-attack, but was told to await the arrival of the infantry. While he
-waited the enemy discovered his position and so far withdrew that when
-the inhibition was withdrawn the great opportunity was gone, though,
-despite the delay, a number of guns, wagons and supplies were captured
-by his force.</p>
-
-<p>During the second day that Hunter was in the lines around Lynchburg
-McCausland made a raid around his rear and attacked his train at Forest
-Depot, driving a guard of one regiment of infantry and one of cavalry
-back to the Salem pike. This gave Hunter much apprehension and threw
-his force into confusion; how<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span> much it contributed to his rapid flight
-that night can never be known. Due credit was not given McCausland for
-this, nor for many of his other valuable services.</p>
-
-<p>Lynchburg owes much to Ramseur's division of the Second Corps and to
-the men who occupied the lines when Hunter arrived, but it was the
-skill of McCausland and Peters and the unflagging energy and courage
-of their officers and men, which so retarded Hunter's movements that
-when he did arrive there was force enough on our line to prevent his
-capturing the city. McCausland and his command were the real saviors of
-the city, and some lasting memorial of its gratitude should be erected
-to perpetuate their deeds.</p>
-
-<p>McCausland proved himself a soldier of a high type. There were few
-officers in either army who, with such a force, could have accomplished
-as much. His little command had been in constant contact with the enemy
-for many days, had been continuously in the saddle and on exhausting
-marches, was badly mounted and badly equipped; everything about it was
-worn and weary but their dauntless spirit; that, under the example of
-their indomitable leaders, never flagged for an instant. The truth
-is, heroism was so common a quality amongst the "old Confeds" during
-that war that heroes were almost at a discount and heroic acts passed
-unnoticed, however great.</p>
-
-<p>The services of this command were recognized at the time by a vote of
-thanks adopted by the City Council of Lynchburg on the 24th of June,
-1864, "for their<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span> gallantry in opposing for ten days the march of a
-greatly superior force, thereby retarding the advance of the enemy on
-our city until a proper force could be organized for its defence." The
-citizens of the town at the same time presented General John McCausland
-with a sword and a pair of silver spurs in token of their gratitude.</p>
-
-<p>It is not fair to close this special notice of the service rendered
-the city by McCausland's command without referring especially to the
-gallant conduct of Captain E.E. Bouldin, of the Charlotte cavalry, who
-commanded its rear guard as it fell back before Hunter's army. The
-records show that the numberless charges of Captain Bouldin and his
-valiant band upon Hunter's vanguard were conspicuous, even amongst the
-men of a command where each proved himself a hero. Captain Bouldin
-still survives, and is a useful and modest citizen of Danville,
-Virginia, and a learned and efficient member of its bar.</p>
-
-<p>What General McCausland did in this defence was not the only service
-he rendered the city. When Lee surrendered he rode off with his men
-toward the mountains of Southwest Virginia for the purpose of there
-disbanding. As he approached Lynchburg a committee from the civil
-authorities met him, and, after telling him that the place was being
-looted by lawless squads of disbanded soldiers from Lee's army, asked
-his aid. He at once sent in a squadron which cleared the streets and
-soon restored order. He continued to preserve order until the civil
-authorities organized a force sufficient to maintain it.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>When Hunter commenced his advance from Staunton our townsman,
-Colonel J.W. Watts, of the Second Virginia Cavalry, was at his home
-near Liberty, recuperating from severe wounds. Despite his disabled
-condition, he mounted his horse, joined McCausland and rendered him
-valuable aid. To him was assigned the duty of blocking the road from
-Buchanan to the Peaks of Otter. He did this work very thoroughly, but
-he states that so complete was the equipment of Hunter's pioneers
-that they cleared the road in less time than it took him to blockade
-it. Nevertheless the blockade was one of the causes which materially
-delayed the advance of Hunter, and therefore was one of the causes
-which led to the relief of the city.</p>
-
-<p>Major Robert C. Saunders, of Campbell, was at the time of the attack
-by Hunter a resident of the city, being in charge of the Quartermaster
-Department for the collection of the tax-in-kind for this Congressional
-District. He had been in the field as captain of an infantry company
-from Campbell County, and as soon as Hunter's approach was a certainty
-General Nicholls sent for him and sent him out to bring him definite
-information of Hunter's position. He started immediately and soon was
-among Hunter's vanguard, but, though much exposed, he wonderfully
-escaped under cover of the night and brought accurate information
-which was very valuable. He was sent out again, and was in the sharp
-battle fought by General McCausland at New London and by McCausland and
-Imboden at the Quaker Meeting House, and then, as Hunter re<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span>treated,
-he was with McCausland and Peters and saw much hard service with those
-sturdy soldiers and their men. His manuscript account of what he saw is
-very interesting, and might properly be inserted in this paper but that
-it would make it too long for one evening's address.</p>
-
-<p>Be the causes of General Hunter's failure what they may, the fact is
-he did fail, and failed disgracefully, where he should have succeeded,
-for he had every advantage of numbers, of guns and of equipment. There
-are many pages of reports of Federal officers about this campaign
-published in the Records of the War of the Rebellion by the United
-States Government, but the cotemporaneous literature on the part of
-Confederate officers is very scant; they fought better and longer
-than they wrote. As a specimen of the Confederate reports, that of
-General Early may fitly be taken. It contrasts strikingly with the
-ten-page document of General Hunter upon the same subject, found in the
-seventieth volume of the War of the Rebellion, page 94.</p>
-
-<p>General Early's report is as follows:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>
-
-"<span class="smcap">New London</span>, June 19, 1864, 9:30 <span class="smcap">A.M.</span><br />
-<br />
-"<i>General</i>:<br />
-</p>
-
-<p>"Last evening the enemy assaulted my line in front of Lynchburg and
-was repulsed by the part of my command which was up. On the arrival
-of the rest of the command I made arrangements to attack this morning
-at light, but it was discovered that the men were retreating, and I
-am now pursuing. The enemy is retreating in confusion, and, if the
-cavalry does its duty, we will destroy him.</p>
-
-<p>
-"<span class="smcap">J.A. Early</span>,<br />
-"Lieutenant General.<br />
-</p>
-
-<p>"<i>General R.E. Lee.</i>"</p></blockquote>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>This report is brief and to the point. It has been construed as
-ignoring the troops belonging to the command of Breckinridge, and as
-doing injustice to the cavalry of Imboden and McCausland. General Early
-should have been more careful in writing it, but it must be remembered
-that when it was written he was not informed of the great service which
-had been rendered by the cavalry, or of the faithful work which had
-been done by the troops, other than those belonging to the Second Corps.</p>
-
-<p>In his memoirs (on page 44) General Early says that some time after
-midnight it was discovered that Hunter was moving, but, owing to
-the uncertainty as to whether he was merely changing front or
-retreating, nothing could be done until daylight, when, the retreat
-being ascertained, the pursuit commenced. Early's army moved in three
-columns, the Second Corps on the Salem Turnpike, Breckinridge's
-command, under Elzey, on the Forest Road, and the cavalry, placed by
-Early under General Robert Ransom, on the right of Elzey. The enemy's
-rear was overtaken at Liberty by Ramseur's division and was driven
-through that place at a brisk trot.</p>
-
-<p>It is not within the scope of this paper to follow up the retreat of
-Hunter, nor to narrate the incidents of Early's campaign in Maryland
-and the scare he gave the Government at Washington. What a commotion
-his little army created can be easily understood by inspecting the 70th
-and 71st volumes of the War of the Rebellion, a large part of which
-is taken up by the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span> numberless orders and counter-orders, alarms and
-outcries incident to the fright then prevailing. General Grant seems
-to have been the only person in command on the other side who kept his
-equilibrium and acted with consistent courage and judicious poise.</p>
-
-<p>But before we return to the scenes around Lynchburg incident to the
-attack, it may well be noted that Hunter, after reaching Salem, turned
-off to Lewisburg, West Virginia, and did not feel safe until he had
-placed his army far beyond the Alleghanies and upon the banks of the
-Ohio at Parkersburg. The effect of this remarkable line of retreat was
-that the Valley was left open, and Early seized the opportunity and at
-once commenced his march for the Potomac practically unmolested. On the
-5th of July Hunter and his command were at Parkersburg, on the Ohio,
-while Early, whom he was to obstruct, was crossing the Potomac River
-into Maryland.</p>
-
-<p>Poor Hunter! he seems to have had few friends, and it is almost
-cruel to recite his history, but men who undertake great enterprises
-must expect to be criticised when they fail. He got little comfort,
-and expected none, from the Confederate leaders, but he got even
-less from the Federal, except when it came in the form of such
-reports as that sent by Captain T.K. McCann to General Meigs, the
-Quartermaster-General, in which he says that "General Hunter fought
-four hours on the 17th; on the 18th the General ascertained that Rebel
-force at Lynchburg was fifty-thousand men, and from a prisoner taken
-it was reported that Lee was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span> evacuating Richmond and falling back on
-Lynchburg, and consequently General Hunter was obliged to fall back."
-(Id. 679.) General Grant, however, on the 21st of June, wrote General
-Meade to know where Hunter was, and said, "Tell him <i>to save his army</i>
-in the way he thinks best." (Id. 657.)</p>
-
-<p>On the 17th of July Halleck wrote to Hunter, giving him some directions
-in regard to his future movements, saying that "General Grant directs,
-if compelled to fall back, you will retreat <i>in front of the enemy</i>
-towards the Potomac, so as to cover Washington <i>and not be squeezed
-out to one side</i>, so as to make it necessary to fall back into
-West Virginia to save your army." This order he disregarded most
-ignominiously.</p>
-
-<p>In the same letter Halleck wrote Hunter that General Grant said that in
-the marching <i>he does not want houses burned</i>, but "that he wants your
-troops to eat out Virginia clear and clean as far as they can, so that
-crows flying over it for the balance of the year will have to carry
-their rations with them." (Id. 366.)</p>
-
-<p>C.A. Dana, Assistant Secretary of War, wrote to Grant on the 15th of
-July (Id. 332): "Hunter appears to have been engaged in a pretty active
-campaign <i>against the newspapers</i> in West Virginia." And Halleck on the
-same day wrote to Grant that he thought "<i>Hunter's command was badly
-used up in the Lynchburg expedition</i>." (Id. 331.)</p>
-
-<p>These assaults, and many others of a like nature, wounded General
-Hunter so greatly that he not only asked to be relieved, but wrote a
-letter to Grant, in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span> which, after speaking of the depressing effect
-upon him of these comments, he unstopped the vials of his wrath against
-his subordinates, upon whom he put the blame of his defeat.</p>
-
-<p>In this letter he says that Sullivan, who commanded one of his
-divisions, was "<i>not worth one cent</i>; in fact very much in my way,"
-and, again, he says: "I dashed on toward Lynchburg, and <i>should
-certainly have taken it if it had not been for the stupidity and
-conceit of that fellow Averell</i>, who unfortunately joined me at
-Staunton, and of whom I unfortunately had, at the time, a very high
-opinion, and trusted him when I should not have done so." (71 W. of R.
-366.)</p>
-
-<p>With these quotations from the correspondence of his associates,
-General Hunter may be left to the verdict which will be accorded him by
-the future historian of the stirring events in which he took part.</p>
-
-<p>War is not a gentle occupation, and its customs are harsh. To make it
-effective, it is clearly within the rules of civilization to strip an
-enemy's country through which a hostile army is passing of everything
-which will sustain the life of either men or beasts. Hence Grant's
-historic order about the crow carrying his rations, while cruel, is
-within the line of legitimate warfare. But putting non-combatants
-to death, insults to women and children, the wanton destruction of
-household goods and clothes, the application of the torch to dwellings,
-factories and mills, or the destruction of public buildings, and
-especially of institutions of learning and their libraries, and works
-of art and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span> science, is a style of warfare long since relegated to the
-savage. The disgrace of reviving this barbaric strife in modern times
-was reserved for Hunter. General Crook, one of his division commanders,
-a soldier brave and true, felt constrained to note the conduct of the
-troops, and published an order in which he says he "<i>regrets to learn
-of so many acts committed by our troops that are disgraceful to the
-command</i>." Hunter knew all this, but there was no word of protest or
-repression from him.</p>
-
-<p>It is to be regretted that later in this campaign, when we carried the
-war across the Potomac, some of our troops retaliated for these brutal
-acts, upon innocent parties. That Hunter had set the example was no
-good excuse, though it was pled. (See General Bradley T. Johnson's
-Report, 90 W. of R. 7.)</p>
-
-<p>General Early has been severely criticised for permitting the escape of
-Hunter. It is always much easier to criticise than to accomplish; to
-point out how a thing should have been done, after we know the result
-of what was done, than to do it at the time. The facts heretofore
-stated can leave no doubt that all was done, as far as the prompt
-pursuit of Hunter is concerned, which could have been done. Early's
-line of defence, owing to the smallness of his force, was not only
-thin but was short; he had therefore to keep in such a condition that
-by changing front rapidly with the troops he had, he could supply the
-place of those he did not have. Hence, when he noticed Hunter moving
-away from his immediate front, he did not suppose<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span> he was retiring,
-but merely withdrawing for the purpose of making his attack at another
-point, and prudence demanded that he should keep his troops in hand
-until the enemy's purpose was developed. To do this the delay until
-daylight was essential.</p>
-
-<p>It is a subject of remark that with Hunter's army there were two
-men who very faithfully discharged their duties as soldiers and
-subsequently became Presidents of the United States&mdash;one Colonel
-Rutherford B. Hayes, who commanded a brigade, and the other Major
-William McKinley, who was a staff officer.</p>
-
-<p>The loss on neither side was very heavy, but it was very much greater
-on that of the invader than upon ours. Hunter left his dead on the
-field to be buried by his enemy, and his wounded in a field hospital;
-facts which show how precipitously he departed.</p>
-
-<p>The Federal line of battle was formed on the left, directly through the
-yard of the residence of the late C.H. Moorman, whose farm lay on both
-sides of Blackwater Creek, and occupied most of what is now called West
-Lynchburg. When it was known that Hunter was approaching, Mr. Moorman
-packed several wagons with provisions, and, with his negroes and stock,
-moved down toward the Staunton River, leaving his house in charge
-of his young, unmarried daughter, now Mrs. Hurt, his wife, an old
-negro man and several negro women. Before Mr. Moorman cleared his own
-plantation, which was large, he found it necessary to lighten his load,
-and to that end selected a spot and buried his supply of well-cured and
-much prized hams.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span> It turned out that the line of battle of Crook's
-division ran across the spot, and the buried treasure was discovered,
-much to the delight of the troops, who greatly enjoyed a very fine lot
-of old Virginia hams, always valuable, but especially so under such
-circumstances.</p>
-
-<p>At sunrise on the morning of the 17th, Miss Moorman went out on a hill
-near her house to reconnoitre the military situation. She saw a column
-of Federal troops moving on the Salem Turnpike, and was looking at
-them very anxiously when she was shocked to see a line of blue coats
-crossing the field close to her home. She at once ran back, sheltering
-herself behind the fence, but the officer in command was at the door
-before she was, and very politely advised her to stay in the house
-while the fight was going on. The family were not molested during the
-two days that the troops were there. With exceptional visits to the
-front yard, she obeyed the officer's instructions very carefully. She
-heard the constant cannonading and the picket firing without cessation
-all of the 17th and until the evening of the 18th, when the sounds
-changed and indicated that a real battle was going on close at hand.
-She was naturally in a fever of excitement, but could hear nothing
-of the result. About midnight of the 18th, or more probably on the
-morning of the 19th, she heard the rumbling of wagons and artillery on
-the Salem Turnpike, and found the lines around her house were being
-withdrawn, but it was some time before she discovered that the Federal
-troops were retreating. It was then nearly daylight, and she slipped
-out of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span> house and ran down to the ford across Blackwater Creek and
-notified the cavalry at that point what she had seen. A company was
-at once sent off in pursuit to verify her statement. After they had
-gone, and as she returned home, she met a solitary Federal soldier on
-foot, who asked her what had become of his command. She told him they
-had been whipped and had retreated, and informed him that he was her
-prisoner. He stated he had fallen asleep and had been left, and at once
-surrendered to her.</p>
-
-<p>On reaching her home, although it was not yet sunrise, she started over
-on foot to the point where the heaviest fighting had taken place, that
-she might learn the fate of her brother, Major Marcellus N. Moorman,
-who commanded a battalion of artillery in the Second Corps. He had not
-been in the fight, as the battalion had not reached Lynchburg until
-during the night of the 18th. His command had started in the pursuit
-when she left home on her mission, but she met him on the battle-field
-going to tell his mother good-bye. Thus another son of Lynchburg was in
-line to battle for her defence.</p>
-
-<p>On the extreme right of the Confederate lines, and on a part of what
-is now the farm of Senator Daniel, was stationed the brigade in
-command of Colonel Aug. Forsberg, then a stranger in the city, and
-here merely by the accident of war. On the right of his brigade was
-the Thirtieth battalion of Virginia infantry, under the command of
-Captain, now Judge, Stephen Adams, who, on the breaking out of the
-war, was a practicing<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span> attorney of West Virginia. He had married Miss
-Emma Saunders, of Lynchburg, but was then a stranger thrown into the
-line of defence of the city by the like accident. Captain Adams, after
-he became a citizen of Lynchburg, purchased the very land on which
-his men were that day formed in line of battle, and has often dug up
-pieces of shell and bullets which were fired at him. He now preserves
-them as pleasant reminders of the past. Both Captain Adams and Colonel
-Forsberg are now valued citizens of Lynchburg, and we owe them a debt
-of gratitude for their gallant efforts in its defence.</p>
-
-<p>It is not generally known that a few of the Federal shells were thrown
-into the city, but such was the case. The writer has in his possession
-a part of a three-inch percussion shell, shot from a rifle cannon,
-which fell in what was then known as "Meem's Garden," near the spot
-where the Catholic Church of the Holy Cross is now situated. His mother
-lived in the immediate vicinity of the place where it exploded, and,
-when the sound was heard, one of the servants ran over and picked it
-up, and it was thus preserved in the family.</p>
-
-<p>The blood-stained and battle-torn little command of Breckinridge
-reached Lynchburg on the 16th of June. Up to that moment no one in the
-city had hoped that the place could be saved from Hunter's vandalism by
-the cordon of boys, cripples and irregular troops which surrounded it,
-and there was an anxiety which cannot be described; its depth may be
-imagined, but the pen cannot paint it.</p>
-
-<p>The arrival of this small force brought hope back to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span> the hearts of the
-old men and helpless women and children who constituted the population
-of the city, and as the hardy old veterans moved up Main and then up
-Fifth streets they were cheered by joyous crowds of excited women,
-jubilant convalescents and hopeful old men. The troops had made a
-two-days' forced march from the headwaters of Rockfish River and were
-in bad physical condition, but in high spirits. They much enjoyed their
-cordial reception. This is shown by a little incident preserved out of
-the many of the same character by a person who was one of the girls
-present on the occasion.</p>
-
-<p>In the column of troops, as they swung along in a double-quick to meet
-the advancing foe, was one red-haired soldier who had lost both hat and
-shoes, but was advancing with the same alacrity as his comrades who had
-been more fortunate in preserving these valuable articles of dress.
-Miss Sally Scruggs, then a young lady, radiant with the enthusiasm of
-the occasion, was standing upon the wall of the front yard of what was
-then the residence of Mr. H.I. Brown, at the south corner of Fifth
-and Church streets, together with a great many other ladies. She was
-wearing a Confederate broad-brimmed straw hat of her own make, trimmed
-with all the colors which could be raked from the discarded finery of
-the past. Seeing the gallant fellow passing without a hat, she tore
-her own from her head and threw it to him. He caught it, tied it over
-his auburn locks, raised his musket to a present arms, and the brigade
-cheered as long as they were in sight.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>The writer has taken much pains to gather from eyewitnesses incidents
-of these eventful days in the history of our city, but with little
-success. It is astonishing how few people took note, or, if they did,
-can narrate the small incidents which would be so interesting to the
-present generation. The main and patent facts they remember well,
-but the official reports and newspapers preserve them to us very
-accurately. What is wanted, and what was the prime aim of this paper,
-is the preservation of those traditional facts which give a reality
-to history which historic papers cannot impart. Little aid has been
-rendered in this respect, though many letters have been written asking
-it, and many personal applications made to those who might, with a
-little trouble, have reproduced from memory many of those incidents so
-essential to the personal interest of such a sketch as this.</p>
-
-<p>Among the facts which have been preserved, it is pleasant to tell of
-another soldier whose subsequent career was one in which every citizen
-took pride. Young W.C. Folkes, the son of our late much respected
-member of the Legislature from this city, Ed. J. Folkes, was at home
-disabled by a wound which had carried away one of his legs. Though
-far from recovered, he seized his crutch and a musket and started out
-to the lines, taking with him our townsman, Mr. E.C. Hamner, then
-not sixteen years old. The two marched out to the furthermost line,
-and there did a soldier's duty under fire all day. Young Folkes,
-after the war, studied law at the University of Virginia and then<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span>
-moved to Memphis, Tennessee, where he soon rose to the front rank
-in his profession, and, while yet a young man, was elevated to the
-Supreme bench of the State, where, after a few years of distinguished
-usefulness, he died, beloved and respected in his adopted as well as
-his native State.</p>
-
-<p>The last incident shows the spirit of the boys. But the old men on that
-day were boys also. Mr. Mike O'Connell was over eighty years of age.
-He went out with the Silver Grays. His company was placed on the inner
-line, but with his long rifle he marched out to the skirmish line and
-kept up a constant fire on the enemy all day, though himself under a
-heavy fire.</p>
-
-<p>The writer of this sketch was, he regrets to say, in another part
-of the Army of Northern Virginia at this time, and therefore can
-give nothing from his own experience. He was, however, in constant
-correspondence with his wife, who wrote him very full accounts of all
-that happened. Unfortunately all her letters on this subject, but one,
-have been lost; one extract from that may be worth inserting. It is
-dated Tuesday, June 21, 1864:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-
-<p>"I received three letters from you, for all of which you must accept
-my thanks. It was amusing to me in reading those of the 17th and 19th
-to see how little idea you had of the stirring times through which we
-were passing at Lynchburg.</p>
-
-<p>"On Monday, the 13th, we begun to fear that Hunter would make
-Lynchburg his point of attack, but it was not a definite fear until we
-heard of his being in Lexington, and that he was turning this way. On
-Thursday, the 16th, we heard of his being at Liberty, marching in this
-direction, and then all was excitement and apprehension.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>"General Breckinridge, with some troops, got here on Wednesday night,
-and as we saw them passing out West street, it was a most reassuring
-sight, and never were a lot of bronzed and dirty looking veterans,
-many of them barefooted, more heartily welcomed. The streets were
-lined with women, waving their handkerchiefs and cheering them on as
-they moved out to a line on the hills west of the city. We were made
-more hopeful also by the knowledge that General Early, with several
-brigades, was at Charlottesville, en route to reinforce the small
-command of Breckinridge. He arrived with some of his troops on the
-evening of Friday, the 17th, but could do little more than get what he
-had into position. On Saturday, the 18th, more of Early's men came,
-and it was a delightful sound to hear their cheers as they passed out
-to the lines. Eugene was among them, and seemed to delight in the
-chance of making a fight right at home.</p>
-
-<p>"Saturday, the 18th, was a day we will not soon forget. There was no
-general engagement until about three o'clock, but a constant cannonade
-and heavy skirmishing went on all day. Our lines were out near and in
-Spring Hill Cemetery; the enemy's further out. Their skirmish line was
-in Mr. John B. Lee's yard, where a number were killed by our cannon.
-I went out on College Hill and watched the fighting much of the time.
-It was very exciting to see the cannon fire from both sides and the
-explosion of the shells on the opposite side. It was fascinating
-beyond description. I could see our troops moving and taking new
-positions, and could see the Yankee batteries doing the same thing,
-and then the fearful reality of the scene was forced upon me by the
-line of ambulances which were kept busy bringing our wounded into town.</p>
-
-<p>"Colonel Floyd King called at our house and told me, on Friday
-night, that we should put our most valuable things in the cellar for
-protection, and should stay down there ourselves. Many things were
-carried into the basement, including the pictures, china, silver,
-etc., etc., but we did not go there to sleep, thinking it was time
-enough to do so when the shells actually commenced to fly. Our people,
-of course, were very much excited, but, on the whole, behaved very
-well, and with more coolness than I had anticipated. I had so much to
-do I did not have time to be scared, though I was deeply anxious. The
-sight of the familiar faces of the veterans as they marched through
-our streets, reassured me entirely. Early got<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span> his men into line on
-Saturday evening, but for some reason I do not understand did not
-attack, and the next morning the coward, Hunter, was gone. Early at
-once started after him, but has not yet overtaken him, we hear.</p>
-
-<p>"Our people criticise Early with much bitterness for not attacking
-Saturday, but I think we ought to be only too glad we got through
-safely without the hazard of a battle. Eugene had the headquarters of
-his sharpshooters at one time in the cemetery, close by his father's
-grave. He went on, of course, with his command. It was a great relief
-when we heard that Hunter was gone. Mother stood it remarkably well.
-She was, of course, very anxious about Eugene, as she would hear the
-booming of the cannon, but she kept up her nerve and spirits.</p>
-
-<p>"Hunter's headquarters were at old Major Hutter's. He told them that
-he proposed to capture or burn Lynchburg. Major Hutter was of course,
-politely treated while Hunter was there, but after he and some of his
-generals who were with him had left the house, other officers and men
-robbed it&mdash;robbing Miss Hutter's chamber of her clothing and other
-valuables. Many wounded were left in Major Hutter's yard; indeed,
-the flight was so rapid that all but the slightly wounded were left
-behind, together with many small arms and some cannon. Early may
-not have done all he might have done, but, certain it is, Hunter's
-whole campaign seems to have been a farce. He was gallant when there
-was no enemy, and a coward when they were in sight. He burned the
-Military Institute, which was not even garrisoned by boys, and set
-fire to Governor Letcher's house, which only a woman protected. If the
-'bravest are the tenderest,' how true it is that the cowards are the
-cruelest. The renegade, David R. Strother (Porte Crayon), was with
-Hunter as one of his staff at Major Hutter's. Another traitor to his
-State, his name and his race.</p>
-
-<p>"The soldiers who came up with Early gave the most distressing
-accounts of the condition of affairs in Louisa County, where the
-Yankee raids have done so much harm to the unprotected. They say the
-desolation is so great that as they marched through the women and
-children flocked to the road for something to eat, and would grasp
-eagerly all the bits of cold corn-bread they could spare them from
-their haversacks. Is it not horrible to think of?"</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>A remarkable incident happened in connection with<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span> the depredation of
-Hunter's troops at Lexington. When the corps of cadets was ordered to
-leave the Institution on the approach of Hunter, they deposited their
-trunks in the residences of neighboring gentlemen for safe keeping.</p>
-
-<p>Young Mr. Carter H. Harrison, of Staunton, was then a cadet, and, with
-several others, put his trunk at Professor Campbell's to save it. When
-the battle was over at Lynchburg and Hunter was gone, the cadets were
-not put in the chasing column, but were relieved from further active
-duty. Mr. Harrison, with others of the corps, went to the battle-field,
-and during his inspection visited the field hospital where the wounded
-of the enemy were being cared for by our surgeons. He noticed one man
-who was badly wounded in the leg, and whose pantaloons were ripped up
-that the surgeon might more easily dress the wound. As Harrison looked
-at the soldier he observed his own initials on his socks, and upon
-further investigation discovered that all the man's underclothes were
-similarly marked and all belonged to him, and were a part of those he
-had left in his trunk at Professor Campbell's.</p>
-
-<p>The man confessed that they had looted Professor Campbell's house, and
-that the underwear was part of the booty. Arrangements were made by
-which possession followed the legal title.</p>
-
-<p>It is needless to attempt to describe the anxiety of the citizens
-as Hunter approached, heralded by the accounts of his vandalism at
-Lexington and on his march. Until their nerves were restored by the
-arrival<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span> of Breckinridge's little army of some fifteen hundred men
-and the guns of Berkeley and W.S. Lurty's battery, every woman and
-non-combatant was actively engaged in hiding silver, jewels, provisions
-and other valuables&mdash;generally putting them in the very place where
-skilled looters would be sure to go in search. Many things were put
-away at that time which have never been found since, and never will be.
-The anxiety of the hiders so affected their memory that the place of
-hiding was forgotten.</p>
-
-<p>As soon as hope was restored by the appearance of additional troops,
-the energies of the women were directed to the effort of giving food
-to the hungry and travel-worn troops whose arrival had brought them
-so much comfort. While the cannon were booming over the hills of the
-suburbs and the fierce rattle of contending musketry could be heard,
-our women were bending over the fires cooking rations for the men in
-the lines, or scraping lint and rolling bandages for the wounded.
-The first ray of hope restored confidence, and the inhabitants of
-Londondery or Leyden were not more calm or heroic, or more actively
-engaged in doing all in their power for defence, than were these women
-and the old men, who were the only other inhabitants of the city left.</p>
-
-<p>The old men, with such weapons as they could procure of every variety
-of style, were in the trenches across the plateau now known as
-Rivermont, ready to sacrifice their lives in protecting their loved
-ones and their homes from the marauding troops which were<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span> advancing
-with a devastating purpose, long since abandoned as unfit for civilized
-warfare. Thus men and women alike braced themselves for the great
-struggle, and, though not put to the final test, were calm, collected
-and brave in the supreme moment when the enemy were thundering at
-our gates. This fact is one of which the city may well be proud, and
-should stimulate coming generations to emulate the example of their
-forefathers.</p>
-
-<hr class="tb" />
-
-<p>The Garland-Rodes Camp has induced the preparation of these pages, that
-the truths of history may be preserved from that oblivion to which
-human memory consigns all details dependent upon it. It is their duty,
-indeed it is the duty of every citizen of the whole State and of every
-part of it, to garner up the facts connected with our heroic struggle
-and to so preserve them that they shall become the well-established
-traditions of our people. Such traditions are a part of the wealth of a
-race. They both elevate and stimulate succeeding generations. By them
-a high national character is established, and under their influence
-that species of patriotism is engendered whence springs the glorious
-sentiment,</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">"<i>Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori</i>."</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p>The fires of patriotism do not burn most fiercely where the land is
-most productive, or where wealth most accumulates. Nations which have
-owned broad savannahs upon which nature has been most lavish have often
-been driven from their country with little<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span> show of manly courage and
-without that zealous patriotism which creates heroes, while the peasant
-of Switzerland and the cottager of the Highlands, neither of whom can
-afford greater luxuries than oatmeal and goat's milk, have held their
-vales and their fastnesses for centuries against all odds. To them
-each dell has its story of valiant deeds of their forefathers and each
-mountain is crowned by traditions which tell of the great achievements
-of their race. For dells and mountains thus sanctified by the glories
-of the past, the peasant and the lord of the manor alike are willing to
-die. It was their love for the stories and romance of their race which
-sustained the nerve of the Swiss Guards in the discharge of their duty
-to the King when, without a faltering nerve, one by one they sunk under
-the blows of the infuriated Jacobins of Paris, and well won the grand
-inscription to their courage on the Lion of Lucerne. A like love was
-the foundation of the wonderful heroism of the Highlanders at Lucknow
-and of the Scotch who climbed the Heights of Abraham at Quebec. So it
-was their love for the historic memories of Virginia which nerved the
-courage of that dauntless division which, under a fire never before
-poured on line of battle, reached the brow of the hill at Gettysburg.</p>
-
-<p>By gathering the traditions of the Highlands and thus perpetuating
-them, Scott has done a great work for Scotland. Others have done the
-same thing for England. It is for this generation to gather the same
-wealth for Virginia. Thus will the history of her<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span> people, of her
-valleys, her rivers and her mountains, be preserved and the facts be
-secured to generations yet to come which, when mellowed by time, will
-be perpetuated in story, in poetry and in song.</p>
-
-<p>Thus and thus only can we keep Virginia and her people on the elevated
-plane upon which they have stood for centuries, and thus can we make
-her, in the future, the land of poetry and romance. It is Wallace
-and Tell who are the heroes of the poet and the novelist, not the
-commanders of the great forces with which they contended. In the far
-future many a novel, many a poem and many a song will tell of Lee, of
-Jackson, of Stuart and of Mosby&mdash;ideal heroes of romance&mdash;long after
-the names of the leaders who fought them will be mere facts in the
-prosaic history of the power of the greater to overcome the less.</p>
-
-<p>It is not our duty to weep over the past or to bemoan the fate which
-resulted in the final overthrow of the Confederacy; nor should we do
-anything to keep alive the bitterness of that strife. On the contrary,
-it is our duty to bow to the logic of what has happened and to believe
-in the wisdom of the all-wise Director of the affairs of nations and
-of peoples; but it is also our duty to see to it that what is good
-and great be preserved, and that our children and children's children
-keep green the traditions which will nerve them to a higher courage
-and stimulate them to a generous emulation of the deeds of their
-forefathers.</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span></p>
-
-
-
-
-<p class="ph2">APPENDIX.</p>
-
-<p>LYNCHBURG COMPANIES IN THE SERVICE OF THE CONFEDERACY, 1861-'65.</p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">The Rifle Grays, Company A</span>, Eleventh Regiment Virginia
-Volunteers:</p>
-
-<p>
-<i>First Captain</i>, M.S. Langhorne.<br />
-<i>Second Captain</i>, G.W. Latham. <br />
-<i>Third Capt.</i>, Robt. M. Mitchell, Jr.<br />
-<i>First Lieut.</i>, John W. Daniel.<br />
-<i>Second Lieut.</i>, Robt. M. Mitchell, Jr.<br />
-<i>Second Lieut.</i>, H.C. Chalmers<br />
-<i>Second Lieut.</i>, James O. Thurman<br />
-<i>First Sergt.</i>, Joseph A. Kennedy.<br />
-<i>Second Sergt.</i>, Elcano Fisher.<br />
-<i>Third Sergt.</i>, Henry D. Hall.<br />
-<i>Fourth Sergt.</i>, Peter B. Akers.<br />
-<i>First Corp.</i>, Geo. T. Wightman.<br />
-<i>Second Corp.</i>, Samuel R. Miller.<br />
-<i>Third Corp.</i>, Lucas Harvey.<br />
-<i>Fourth Corp.</i>, Jas. O. Thurman, Jr.<br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Allman, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Akers, William L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bailey, James H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bailey, James W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Benson, Henry G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brown, Leslie C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Beckwith, Henry C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burroughs, Henry A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ballard, James F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bagby, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cheatham, Thos. F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cochran, Robert L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cooney, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Camp, Albert G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Crumpton, James A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Crumpton, Joseph A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Clinkenbeard, Wm. E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Conklen, Thomas A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Connolly, Jerry M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Devine, Frank.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Diuguid, Edward S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davis, Thomas N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Delano, Joseph S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dady, David.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Evans, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Edwards, James M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Elam, H.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Feyle, Frank H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fulks, James W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Frances, Joseph M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Furry, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gooldy, John F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Henry, Charles W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Henry, John L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Harvey, Charles C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hollins, John G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hollins, James E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Heybrook, L.G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hersman, Wm. B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hunt, William R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, Shelbry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, William B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, Charles J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kennedy, Michael.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kidd, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Latham, Robert F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Linkenhoker, Sam'l.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mitchell, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mitchell, T. Holcomb.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mitchell, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mitchell, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McKinney, Sam'l H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCrary, Wm. B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marks, James L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Milstead, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McDivitt, C.P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Norris, Michael A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Norvell, Otway B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Omohundro, T.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Porter, Thomas D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pendleton, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Price, N. Leslie.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Parrish, Booker S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pugh, Charles E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Peters, John I.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rucker, Edward P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Raine, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Robertson, Thomas D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rainey, Charles W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rogers, James B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rock, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rector, Thomas S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sims, Robert F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sewell, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stubbs, Robert F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stewart, Philip H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Slagle, John H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Slagle, David H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sholes, Thomas C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stewart, Stephen P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stabler, Thomas S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Shepherd, Joseph H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tyree, Charles H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taylor, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thurman, Powhatan.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Turner, John H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Truxall, Andrew J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tyree, Wm. D.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tyree, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taliaferro, Rhoderick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Torrence, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Victor, Henry C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wren, Peter R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Warfield, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Williams, William H.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Lynchburg Rifles, Company E</span>, Eleventh Regiment Virginia
-Volunteers:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Captain</i>, J.E. Blankenship.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Captain</i>, C.V. Winfree.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Captain</i>, John C. Ward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieutenant</i>, C.V. Winfree.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieutenant</i>, James W. Wray.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieutenant</i>, W.A. Strother.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, W.M. Taliaferro.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Lieutenant</i>, John P. Knight.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Lieutenant</i>, Walter R. Abbott.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Lieutenant</i>, Adolphus D. Read.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Lieutenant</i>, Charles H. Tyree.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Lieutenant</i>, George P. Norvell.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergeant</i>, W.R. Abbott.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, John C. Ward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, A.D. Read.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, James W. Wray.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, Thomas Keenan.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, E.G. Williams.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, William M. Seay.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, John L. Marion.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, J.H. Shepperd.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, John Lovett.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, D.M. Pettigrew.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, Thomas H. Love.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, John Kelly.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, John R. Holt.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, John Lovett.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, W.P. Whitlow.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Anderson, Thos. N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Atkinson, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Butterworth, John M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Butterworth, Wm. W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bradley, Winfree.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brown, F.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brown, Hillary.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burks, Paulus Powell.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burks, S.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bailey, Samuel D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bailey, Thomas D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Coffee, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Colvin, Howard H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Colvin, William O.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Colvin, Robert O.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Clark, C.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Clark, C.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Clark, R.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Carey, John H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Carey, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Day, Thomas E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davis, Arthur P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davis, T.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dunnivant, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Evans, T.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Equi, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Elder, Hiram P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Farriss, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fortune, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Foster, William E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Grant, Bluford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gaulding, T. Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gregory, Edward S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gregory, N.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Goins, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gilbert, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gilbert, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gilbert, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hart, Patrick S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Haines, Robert L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hurt, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hickey, Patrick H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hendricks, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Howard, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Houston, Francis R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hudgins, James L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hancock, W.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, Charles T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jenkins, J. Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, Charles Y.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kayton, J. Patrick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lawhorne, Delaware.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lawhorne, James H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lawhorne, Lorenzo.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lawhorne, Lucas P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lipscomb, Charles P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Thomas H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Miller, James M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mann, Daniel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Milstead, Benjamin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marshall, John W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marshall, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marshall, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marshall, David B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Myers, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCarthy, Patrick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nangle, Edward A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Neville, Lewis C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Noell, James H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pettus, John E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Patrim, William A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Paris, Thomas H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Parr, John E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Padgett, J.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Parker, Joseph A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Roberts, Charles R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rucker, Jackson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rockecharlie, V.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Strause, Simon.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stewart, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Simpson, Charles W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Searson, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sullivan, Michael.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Spillan, Patrick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, John G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, Robert H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thomas, Andrew J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taylor, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taylor, Burley T.</span><br />
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span><span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Trent, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Turner, G. Kempton.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Turski, Francois.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ward, James S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Williamson, L.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wooldridge, Jas. R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wooldridge, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wright, Wm. Rich'd.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wray, Ellis D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wills, John McD.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Walker, J.S.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wray, Thomas C.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Home Guard, Company G</span>, Eleventh Regiment, Virginia Volunteers:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Capt.</i>, Samuel Garland, Jr.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Capt.</i>, Kirkwood Otey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Captain</i>, J. Holmes Smith.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, K. Otey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, J.G. Meem.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Lieut.</i>, S.M. Simpson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Ord. Sergeant</i>, J.L. Meem.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Sergt.</i>, W.J.H. Hawkins.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, J.C. Johnson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Color Sergeant</i>, William Sanford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fifth Sergeant</i>, B.L. Blackford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, C.D. Hamner.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, John K. Seabury.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, J.H. Smith.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, Hugh Nelson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Surgeon</i>, Benjamin Blackford.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Abrahams, H.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Adams, R.H.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Akers, E.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Armistead, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Apperson, R.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Anderson, John G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ballowe, T.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Barnes, C.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Blackford, W.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Booth, S.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brugh, J.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burks, E.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Button, R.P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burch, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cabell, Breck.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cabell, P.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cabell, S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Campbell, Wiley.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Colhoun, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Conley, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cosby, C.V.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Creed, J.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cross, J.H. (K.)</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Crumpacker, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dowdy, T.N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dabney, H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">DeWitt, C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Eubank, E.N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Franklin, James, Jr.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Franklin, P.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ford, William A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gregory, W.S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Guggenheimer, M. Jr.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Guy, D.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Goggin, John P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Harris, H.V.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Harris, Meade.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hawkins, S.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Holland, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ivey, J.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jennings, J.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jennings, T.D., Jr.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, Minor.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kean, R.G.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinnear, James F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinnear, James O.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kabler, N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kreuttner, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kent, J.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lee, John A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lavinder, G.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Langhorne, C.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Leckie, M.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lewis, John H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lucado, L.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lyman, G.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lydick, James H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lydick, D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mayer, Max L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCorkle, C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Miller, A.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moseley, C.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moorman, S.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mosby, L.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nelson, W.S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nowlin, A.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Oglesby, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Page, C.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Percival, C.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pierce, R.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Peters, R.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Preston, L.P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Preston, S.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Preston, T.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Salmons, G.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sears, J.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Shelton, G.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Simpson, T.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Snead, W.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Spencer, C.S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stratton, A.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sumpter, John U.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Shaver, W.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taliaferro, Van.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Terry, A.W.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thompson, J.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Toot, W.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Trigg, W.K.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Valentine, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Waldron, R.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Watkins, R.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Walsh, T.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woods, W.H.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wheeler, J.M.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Jefferson Davis Rifles, Company H</span>, Eleventh Regiment, Virginia
-Volunteers:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Captain</i>, J. Risque Hutter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, William L. Goggin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, William S. Hannah.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, James W. Hord.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Ro. D. Early.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergeant</i>, Jas. O. Freeman.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Sergeant</i>, S.B. Wright.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Sergeant</i>, D.C. Wright.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Sergeant</i>, Wm. S. Thayer.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fifth Sergeant</i>, Brandon P. Neville.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Corporal</i>, George L. Jesse.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Corporal</i>, Geo. T. Mitchell.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Corporal</i>, Pat. H. Rourke.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Corporal</i>, Charles Schade.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Akers, H.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Banton, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Banton, James H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Banton, Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Blanks, John N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Blanks, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burford, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boland, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brown, John C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cramer, A.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Callan, Dan.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cunningham, Felix.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davis, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davis, Thomas M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Daniel, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Doyle, Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Donatini, G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Eagan, Gabriel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Floyd, Alex.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Floyd, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Floyd, Nathan D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Flowers, Wm. P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Flowers, Joseph W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fulks, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fox, Edward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Farrer, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fitzgerald, Cyrus.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fitzgerald, Ceyton L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gouldin, H.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gouldin, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Geurtz, Peter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Grossman, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hanly, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hurt, John H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Humphrey, M.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kyle, Benjamin M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Labby, M.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lavinder, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCormack, L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCormick, S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCormack, Wm.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCormack, Wm. D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mitchell, Richard H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Micalany, Peter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Musgrove, Franklin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Myers, Samuel W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Oliver, Pleasant.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">O'Brien, Michael.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rucker, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rucker, Paulus G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Reynolds, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Reynolds, John H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rodgers, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rider, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Still, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stanly, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stanly, D.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Singleton, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seay, Isaac.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seay, Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sprouse, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Turner, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Whitten, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">White, John W.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Wise Troop, Company B</span>, Second Regiment Virginia Cavalry:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Capt.</i>, John S. Langhorne.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Capt.</i>, Chas. M. Blackford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Capt.</i>, George B. Horner.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Capt.</i>, William Steptoe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, C.M. Blackford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Van R. Otey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Wm. H. Stratton.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, A.D. Warwick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, John Alexander.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, John O. Thornhill.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, J.P. Robertson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Lieutenant</i>, R.B. Isbell.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergt.</i>, William Langhorne.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergt.</i>, Robert W. Lacy.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Sergt.</i>, E.G. Scott.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Sergt.</i>, John S. Massie.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Sergt.</i>, A.S. Watson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Sergt.</i>, W.B. Cross.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, M.B. Langhorne.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, C. Christian.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, James Chalmers.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, John T. Luckett.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, S.M. Alexander.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, C.V. Donohue.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, F.M. Stone.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Abbott, J.P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Akers, E.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Alexander, E.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Allen, T.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Barnes, A.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Barnes, E.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bays, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Berkley, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bibb, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boiling, W.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bowman, N.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boyd, Andrew.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boyd, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bradley, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brook, St. George T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Browning, C.P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Browning, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Callahan, J.E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Carnefix, E.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Caruthers, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Clay, D.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Coles, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cox, John C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cox, P.S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cox, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cox, Thad.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Crumpton, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dameron, C.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dobyns, Joe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dunnington, V.G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Early, S.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Edwards, J.E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Edwards, J.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Edwards, W.P.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Eubank, W.E.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Everett, H.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fariss, J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Flemming, F.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Flood, Thomas W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Floyd, Charles A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Godsey, F.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Green, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Green, John L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hammerling, C.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Holley, W.E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hunt, H.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ingram, J.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Irvine, W.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, J.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kasey, J.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kefauver, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kemper, Hugh.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinnear, George A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinnear, John A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinnear, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Langhorne, J. Kent.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lawson, Joe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lawson, S.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Leake, F.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Leman, A.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lewis, John C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lock, Daniel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Love, A.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Love, S.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Love, T.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lucado, William F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Luck, Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mays, C.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mays, C. Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mays, H.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCorkle, S.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Meriweather, C.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mitchell, J.E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Sampson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Morgan, J.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Norvell, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Offterdinger, Herman.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Palmer, C.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Percival, George.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perrigo, George.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perriman, William P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pettyjohn, S.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, J.C.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Purvis, W.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Read, John A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Roberts, H.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rucker, James G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sale, J.E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seabury, E.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seabury, R.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seabury, W.J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sherrar, John C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, John Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, William N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sneed, S. Emmitt.</span><br />
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span><span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Spencer, W.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stone, Frank.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sullivan, Dennis.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sumpter, S.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taylor, John O.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taylor, O.P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taylor, Thomas P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thurman, Alexander.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thurman, Powhatan.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Toler, W.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tucker, Willis.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tyree, Kichard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wall, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Watson, W.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Whitlow, W.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Witt, J.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woodruff, A.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wright, J.L.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Lee Battery, Company A</span>, Braxton's Battalion, Virginia
-Artillery:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Captain</i>, Pierce B. Anderson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Captain</i>, Charles J. Raine.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Capt.</i>, Wm. W. Hardwicke.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieutenant</i>, C.W. Statham.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Chas. J. Raine.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, John R. Massey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, W.W. Hardwicke.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, William Early.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, W.H. Hughes.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, James Hughes.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergeant</i>, W.H. Broyles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Sergeant</i>, Thos. Franklin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Sergeant</i>, Wm. Eads.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Sergeant</i>, Thos. Wood.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Orderly Sergeant</i>, Alex. East.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Alvis, Sam.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brooks, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brooks, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brooks, T.S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brooks, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bowman, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bransom, Jackson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bateman, Sam.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Broyles, Samuel A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cregg, Callahan.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Caldwell, Archer.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cox, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Coleman, Singleton.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Coleman, George.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Coffee, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Castillo, Patrick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Depriest, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davidson, Benj.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dunn, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Donivan, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">East, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Eads, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Eads, Joe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Eads, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Friedhoff, Hammond.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fletcher, Lucian.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Falwell, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gowin, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gowin, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gowin, Sam.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gaddess, John B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Green, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Goolsby, Joshua.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Grubs, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Goolsby, Louis.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Green, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hyman, Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hugus, Benj.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hughes, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kersey, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kersey, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinlock, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kirsey, Edward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lynch, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lipscomb, Wm.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Layne, Wm.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mays, Alonzo.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Milstead, Frank.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mitchell, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Manning, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moraity, Patrick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Norvell, George.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Norvell, Marion.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Purdue, Josiah.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Purdue, Benj.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Plumb, Louis.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Roach, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Roach, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rider, Isaiah.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rule, Peter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Robinson, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Robinson, Turner.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Richey, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rock, George.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Raine, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stewart, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sprouts, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sprouts, Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Shepard, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Shepard, Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stanley, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stanley, William, Jr.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sharp, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sharp, Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seay, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Turner, Wm. R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Turpin, Riley.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taylor, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Trent, Benj.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Walker, Reese.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Walker, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Walker, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Whorley, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wood, Patrick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wright, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woolridge, Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woolridge, Peter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woolridge, Beverly.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woolridge, Daniel.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span></p>
-
-
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Beauregard Rifles</span> (afterward Beauregard Artillery, or
-Moorman's Battery), mustered into service at Lynchburg, Va., May 11,
-1861:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Capt.</i>, Marcellus N. Moorman.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Capt.</i>, John J. Shoemaker.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, Blake L. Woodson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Ferd. C. Hutter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Lieut.</i>, Joseph B. Smith.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergt.</i>, Charles R. Phelps.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Sergt.</i>, Jno. J. Shoemaker.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Sergt.</i>, James K. Read.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Sergt.</i>, Ed. H. Moorman.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Corp.</i>, Henry D. Yancey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sec'd Corp.</i>, Aug. Leftwich (K).</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Corp.</i>, Charles L. Burch.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Corp.</i>, John Hurley.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burkholder, Robt. C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boyd, James M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boyd, Charles A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boyd, Edward D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brown, Samuel H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brown, William R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burford, William E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burford, William C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burford, Archer L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burch, Thomas P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boydton, Wm. Shelley.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bradley, James M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cobbs, James A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cary, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cullen, Thomas P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Clopton, William A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Christian, John S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Coffee, William W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dornin, Anthony E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Derr, Charles H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Edmondson, John T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Edwards, John T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fitzgerald, Wm. N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Farmer, Calvin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fisher, G.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Furgerson, Stephen B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fitch, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fariss, Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Green, George W.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gordon, Samuel A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hanks, Peter D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hamlett, Robert A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Isbell, David D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, William R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, McK. W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, John D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinnear, George A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Logan, Henry D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Loose, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Morris, Charles W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Morris, William A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Murphy, Walter B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Murphy, Albert E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Meredith, Samuel A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mundy, Zachary N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mayo, Leonard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marx, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Miller, Robert R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Morford, William P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marshall, Hunter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Meadow, T.P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mauck, Peter D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McDonald, Alex.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McMaster, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McGrath, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McAlister, Robt. C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nunnalee, Lewis T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">North, Clayton.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pamplin, William J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Poindexter, G.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Percival, Peter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pettyjohn, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pettyjohn, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pettyjohn, Jesse N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Preston, Samuel T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Padgett, Radford H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perkins, Richard J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Quinlan, Edward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rucker, James G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ritchey, Harvie F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Reid, William S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Read, John A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rose, Harry J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rosser, Ed. B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Steptoe, Nathan'l M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smithson, Leslie C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stephens, James D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stephens, James W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Slaughter, John A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stratton, Albert F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stratton, Jacob.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, Vincent C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Schaffter, Aurelius.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Turpin, W.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Vorhauer, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Watts, Richard A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wood, John F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Webb, John W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woodroof, Suprey C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woodroof, J.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wooling, Henry B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wills, Alexander F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Whitten, A.E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Williams, Chas. W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Yeatman, Thos. R.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Latham's Battery, Company D</span>, Thirty-Eighth Virginia Battalion:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Captain</i>, H. Grey Latham.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Captain</i>, James Dearing.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Captain</i>, Jos. G. Blount.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Captain</i>, J.W. Dickerson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, Geo. S. Davidson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, Jas. W. Dickerson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, T.F. Richardson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, J.L. Thompson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, W.J. Folkes.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, L. Clark Leftwich.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, William King.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Chas. A. Taylor.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, J.L. Thompson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Jos. G. Blount.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, W.H. Blackwell.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, N.H. Hazlewood.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, C.A. Taylor.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, S.R. Lampkin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, G.W. Apperson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sergeant</i>, M.L. Percival.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, Wm. P. Taliaferro.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, J.B. Ley.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, R.J. Rice.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Drummer</i>, James Chenault.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Allen, A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Blackwell, Wm. H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Biby, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Coleman, Clifton L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Carndea, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cox, William F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Camden, Samuel H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cullen, J.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Creasy, James F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Coleman, R.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Chavers, J.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Camden, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Chenault, C.O.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Day, C.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davidson, F.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dickell, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dayton, E.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dowdy, James M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fields, Leon.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fat, George F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Godsey, Frank.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Goff, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gilliam, James D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gilliam, Wm. A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gilliam, Cornelius.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Graham, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hughes, Hugh.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hickey, Daniel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Heckworth, L.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hughes, T.N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kendall, George E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kennady, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Laine, J.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lindsey, W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McGuley, J.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCanna, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCreary, Daniel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCreary, John W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, W.S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Jere.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moseley, G.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marks, T.V.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mason, J.N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mays, James W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Oliver, William H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">O'Brien, Wm. A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Owen, J.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perry, J.G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Padgett, George.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pettit, E.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perry, C.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, Jos. M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, J.B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Patteson, W.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Read, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Reynolds, Benj.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ross, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Radley, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Richardson, T.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Robinson, A.P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stanley, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sumpter, A. McK.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Spencer, Albert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Spencer, Wm. A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Spencer, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thompson, J.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tibbe, John A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Torgee, Geo. W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wicker, R.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wicker, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wyatt, C.N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woolridge, M.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Walden, E.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wright, G.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Woolridge, Peter W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wright, C.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Viar, Jacob.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Davidson's Battery, Company C</span>, Thirteenth Virginia Battalion:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Captain</i>, Geo. S. Davidson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Capt.</i>, J.H. Chamberlayne.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, John A. Elliott.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, Joseph Lawson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, St. Geo. R. Fitzhugh.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, W.T. Oliver.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, John T. Johnson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Thos. W. Powell.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, James C. Otey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Robert Ellett.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Joseph Cohn.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, W. Roane Ruffin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergeant</i>, James C. Otey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Sergt.</i>, D.M.D. Smithson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Sergeant</i>, Ed. J. Duffield.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Sergeant</i>, Wm. A. Ballard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fifth Sergt.</i>, Christopher C. Boyd.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fifth Sergeant</i>, James L. Wood.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, John J. Smith.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, Joseph Cohn.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, John R. Daniel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, Wm. W. Omohundro.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Alvis, G.E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Alvis, J.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Allen, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ballard, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brooks, Custus.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Briggs, Geo. L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bryant, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Broyles, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Childress, Wm. T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Callahan, Hezekiah L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Callahan, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dunbar, Geo. W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davidson, Ellis C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Doss, Robert H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Daniel, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Day, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Driskill, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Echols, Wm. C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Echols, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Eika, Frederick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fulks, Marshall.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Freeman, Leroy.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Foster, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Frye, Ferd. K.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Frye, Wm. H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Graham, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gilliam, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Glenn, Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hunter, Nehemiah H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Holcomb, Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hannah, Robert M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hall, Samuel F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, W.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jenkins, Obediah.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, Thos. H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Keys, W.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kelly, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lewis, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Layne, David S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Loath, Julius.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Liggon, D.L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lawhorne, Thos. G.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Leonard, Wm.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lloyd, Edward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Manley, J.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Melton, John F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marsh, John W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marsh, Robert M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marsh, Peter M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Martin, Samuel J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Charles M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Samuel F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, James H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McClintick, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Murry, Michael.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Morrison, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Miller, Wm. H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nowell, Robert H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">North, Adam.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Newell, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nelson, Robt. P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Omohundro, John B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Omohundro, Wm. W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Peters, Jesse.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Plumb, Lewis.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, Charles.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, Charles R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, Jos. E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perkinson, Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Padgett, Callohill C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Padgett, John W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Padgett, R.B.F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pribble, Cornelius J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pribble, Frank C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Powers, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Parson, John R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Roberts, Richard.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Reynolds, John, Sr.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Reynold, Jno. J., Jr.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Reynolds, Fayette.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rouke, Wm. O.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Richardson, S.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stewart, Warren A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stewart, John P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stanley, Henry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Shell, Landon H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seay, Peter.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seay, Isaac.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seaymour, Wm. S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thomas, W.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thomas, Marcell. A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thomas, Wm. H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taylor, Wm. H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thayer, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Umphreys, Edward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Waldron, Adel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wood, James L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wells, James M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Whitten, Gustavus.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Heavy Artillery, Company C</span>, Fourth Regiment Virginia Artillery:</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Capt.</i>, Samuel D. Preston.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Capt.</i>, Thomas S. Preston.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, Thomas S. Preston.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Wm. H. Banton.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, John W. Davis.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Stephen C. Perrow.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, Thomas A. Tibbs.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, F.J. Rockenbach.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergt.</i>, Stephen C. Perrow.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Sergt.</i>, F.J. Rockenbach.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Sergt.</i>, John J. Linkinhoker.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Sergt.</i>, A.M. Davies.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fifth Sergt.</i>, George W. Wyatt.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, William C. Mays.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, J.N. Haynes.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, Benj. H. Hawkins.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Corporal</i>, Alfred D. Hickman.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brafford, Robert A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ballowe, W.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bocock, S.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brown, Bird.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brown, Preston.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bryant, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bryant, Lyman.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Butts, William R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Crawford, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cash, John I.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Campbell, W.A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cushwell, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cafflin, John W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dawson, Harry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dixon, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fitzgerald, Chas. J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fitzgerald, Geo. A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ford, Simeon W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Goolsby, Paul A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Grant, Paul H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Grant, W.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Harris, A.W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hickman, Alex.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hickman, Matthew A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Holt, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hope, Robert.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Howard, John C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Isenhower, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Isaacs, W.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johnson, Robert A.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, James W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kenny, James M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kirby, W.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lane, Edward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lingleton, W.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Maine, Isaac S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mays, Joshua B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mason, Benj. D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCormack, Caspar.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Gustavus.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Morris, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Morris, N.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Morris, W.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moxley, George W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Oneman, N. Proffitt.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perdew, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Phelps, James R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Read, W.N.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rice, D.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Selby, W.M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sasser, W.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Terry, E.S.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thacker, D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tucker, C.D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tucker, C.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tucker, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thurman, Archibald.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tollsy, J.H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Turner, Thomas H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tyree, Augustus.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Vier, Edward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Walker, George T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Warren, Edward.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wilkerson, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Yuille, Philip P.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Lee's Body Guard</span>, afterwards Company E, Thirty-ninth Battalion
-Virginia Cavalry:<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a></p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Captain</i>, A.H. Pettigrew.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieutenant</i>, J.A. Armistead.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieutenant</i>, Fred. Mitchell.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Baber, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bagby, Lilburn.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Couch, James M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Craddock, David.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Chumbley, Joseph.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Christian, Nat.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Franklin, Thos. E.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Franklin, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Farmer, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hunter, Thomas.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Johns, J.O.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, Edmund W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jones, John T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinnear, James.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perrow Willis.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rodes, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Slaughter, Samuel.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taliaferro, C.C.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Taliaferro, Hugh.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thompson, Thomas.</span><br />
-</p>
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</a></span></p>
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Kirkpatrick's Battery, Company A</span>, Thirty-first Battalion
-Virginia Artillery:<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a></p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Captain</i>, Thos. J. Kirkpatrick.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieut.</i>, George W. Hobson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieut.</i>, R.G. Scott.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Lieut.</i>, A.R. Woodroof.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p>PRIVATES.</p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Butterworth, Moses.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Christian, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Doss, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hains, Christopher.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hewitt, A. Bowling.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hewitt, A.I.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hewitt, A.R.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Horner, James W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Inge, William J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinckle, Frank T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kinnear, John H.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lewis, John.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mason, John T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCausland, Jas. F.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McDaniel, William L.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moore, Thomas W.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McKinney, Barney.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCorkle, William.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">McCorkle, John J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Miller, Frank T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nowlin, James B.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Petty, William J.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rodes, Lafayette P.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Steptoe, W.T.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Steptoe, Jacob M.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wills, Edwin D.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Yancey, W.T.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">Second Regiment Virginia Cavalry</span>:<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a></p>
-
-<p>
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Colonel</i>, R.C.W. Radford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Colonel</i>, T.T. Munford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Colonel</i>, Cary Breckinridge.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Lieutenant-Colonel</i>, T.T. Munford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Lieutenant-Colonel</i>, J.W. Watts.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Lieutenant-Colonel</i>, Cary Breckinridge.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Lieutenant-Colonel</i>, W.F. Graves.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Major</i>, J.S. Langhorne.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Major</i>, A.L. Pitzer.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Major</i>, Cary Breckinridge.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Major</i>, W.F. Graves.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fifth Major</i>, Thomas Whitehead.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Adjutant</i>, R.H. Banks.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Adjutant</i>, Lomax Tayloe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Adjutant</i>, John W. Tayloe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Adjutant</i>, Samuel Griffin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Assistant Surgeon</i>, S.H. Meredith.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Assistant Surgeon</i>, W.H. Bowyer.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Assistant Surgeon</i>, W.B. Davies.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Assistant Surgeon</i>, J.H. Nelson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fifth Assistant Surgeon</i>, W.H. Peake.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Sixth Assistant Surgeon</i>, James Roan.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Seventh Assistant Surgeon</i>, W.H. Shackleford.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Quartermaster</i>, W.H. Trent.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Commissary</i>, Albert McDaniel.</span><br />
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</a></span><span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Sergeant-Major</i>, William Steptoe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Sergeant-Major</i>, John Fulks.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Sergeant-Major</i>, R.T. Watts.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Sergeant-Major</i>, W.J. Holcombe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fifth Sergeant-Major</i>, Samuel Griffin.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Color-Sergeant</i>, Lomax Tayloe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Color-Sergeant</i>, H.D. Yancey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Third Color-Sergeant</i>, James E. Tucker.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Fourth Color-Sergeant</i>, J.T. Morgan.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Commissary-Sergeant</i>, C.H. Almond.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Quartermaster-Sergeant</i>, F. Merriweather.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Farrier</i>, F. Williams.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Chief Blacksmiths</i>, W.B. Bowyer and B. Hughes.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>First Bugler</i>, J.H. Kasey.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Second Bugler</i>, William Wilson.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Chaplain</i>, W.W. Berry.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Adjutant's Clerk and Ordnance Officers</i>, M. Guggenheimer</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">and T.P. Tayloe.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Regimental Band</i>, George R. Lyman, Leader; Charles H. Rau,</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thomas Walker, Frank Myering, A.R. Edwards, James M. Edwards,</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hercy E. Carper, H.M. Harris, R.W. Thurman, Thomas Wilson.</span><br />
-<br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company A</i>, Captain William R. Terry, Bedford County.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company B</i>, Captain John S. Langhorne, Lynchburg.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company C</i>, Captain Andrew L. Pitzer, Botetourt County.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company D</i>, G.W.B. Hale, Franklin County.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company E</i>, Edgar Whitehead, Amherst County.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company F</i>, James Wilson, Bedford County.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company G</i>, R.C.W. Radford, Bedford County.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company H</i>, Joel W. Flood, Appomattox County.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company I</i>, J.D. Alexander, Campbell County.</span><br />
-<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><i>Company K</i>, Eugene Davis, Albemarle County.</span><br />
-</p>
-
-<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> Partial roster.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> This is a roster of the Lynchburg members.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> First mounted regiment organized in Virginia. Organized at
-Lynchburg, May 8, 1861, Colonel J.A. Early, mustering officer.</p></div></div>
-
-
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