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diff --git a/old/68159-h/68159-h.htm b/old/68159-h/68159-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index 0321f0a..0000000 --- a/old/68159-h/68159-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2153 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> -<head> - <meta charset="UTF-8" /> - <title> - Good Citizenship, by Grover Cleveland—A Project Gutenberg eBook - </title> - <link rel="icon" href="images/cover.jpg" type="image/x-cover" /> - <style> /* <![CDATA[ */ - -body { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - - h1,h2 { - text-align: center; - clear: both; -} - -p { - margin-top: .51em; - text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: .49em; -} - -hr { - width: 33%; - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 2em; - margin-left: 33.5%; - margin-right: 33.5%; - clear: both; -} - -hr.chap {width: 65%; margin-left: 17.5%; margin-right: 17.5%;} -@media print { hr.chap {display: none; visibility: hidden;} } - - -div.chapter {page-break-before: always;} -h2.nobreak {page-break-before: avoid;} - -table { - margin-left: auto; - margin-right: auto; -} - -.tdr {text-align: right;} - - -.pagenum { - position: absolute; - left: 92%; - font-size: smaller; - text-align: right; - font-style: normal; - font-weight: normal; - font-variant: normal; - text-indent: 0; -} - -.blockquot { - margin-left: 17.5%; - margin-right: 17.5%; -} - - -.x-ebookmaker .blockquot { - margin-left: 7.5%; - margin-right: 7.5%; -} -.center {text-align: center;} - -.right {text-align: right;} - -.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} - - -.ph1 {text-align: center; font-size: large; font-weight: bold;} -.ph2 {text-align: center; font-size: xx-large; font-weight: bold;} - -div.titlepage {text-align: center; page-break-before: always; page-break-after: always;} -div.titlepage p {text-align: center; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 2em;} - - -.xlarge {font-size: 150%;} -.large {font-size: 125%;} - - -p.drop-cap { - text-indent: -0.35em; -} - -p.drop-cap:first-letter -{ - float: left; - margin: 0em 0.15em 0em 0em; - font-size: 250%; - line-height:0.85em; - text-indent: 0em; -} -.x-ebookmaker p.drop-cap { - text-indent: 0em; -} -.x-ebookmaker p.drop-cap:first-letter -{ - float: none; - margin: 0; - font-size: 100%; -} - -.gesperrt -{ - letter-spacing: 0.2em; - margin-right: -0.2em; -} - - -.x-ebookmaker .hide {display: none; visibility: hidden;} - -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - text-align: center; - page-break-inside: avoid; - max-width: 100%; -} - -.figleft { - float: left; - clear: left; - margin-left: 0; - margin-bottom: 1em; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-right: 1em; - padding: 0; - text-align: center; - page-break-inside: avoid; - max-width: 100%; -} - -.x-ebookmaker .figleft {float: left;} - -.figright { - float: right; - clear: right; - margin-left: 1em; - margin-bottom: 1em; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-right: 0; - padding: 0; - text-align: center; - page-break-inside: avoid; - max-width: 100%; -} - .x-ebookmaker .figright {float: right;} - -.transnote {background-color: #E6E6FA; - color: black; - font-size:smaller; - margin-left: 17.5%; - margin-right: 17.5%; - padding: 1em; - margin-bottom: 1em; - font-family:sans-serif, serif; } - - /* ]]> */ </style> -</head> -<body> -<p style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Good citizenship, by Grover Cleveland</p> -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Good citizenship</p> -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Grover Cleveland</p> -<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: May 23, 2022 [eBook #68159]</p> -<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</p> - <p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; text-align:left'>Produced by: David E. Brown, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</p> -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GOOD CITIZENSHIP ***</div> - -<div class="figcenter hide"><img src="images/coversmall.jpg" width="450" alt="" /></div> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/title.jpg" alt="" /></div> -</div> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="titlepage"> -<h1>GOOD<br /> -CITIZENSHIP</h1> - -<p><span class="xlarge">BY<br /> -GROVER<br /> -CLEVELAND</span></p> - -<p>PHILADELPHIA<br /> - -<span class="large">HENRY ALTEMUS COMPANY</span></p> -</div> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="center">Copyright, 1908, by Howard E. Altemus<br /> -<br /> -Published June, 1908</p> -</div> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak">CONTENTS</h2> -</div> - -<table> - - -<tr><td>Introduction</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td></tr> - -<tr><td>Good Citizenship</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr> - -<tr><td>Patriotism and Holiday Observance       </td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_37">37</a></td></tr> -</table> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_5">[5]</span> - - -<h2 class="nobreak">INTRODUCTION</h2> -</div> -<div class="blockquot"> -<div class="figleft"><img src="images/i011.jpg" alt="" /></div> - -<div class="figright"><img src="images/i011.jpg" alt="" /></div> - -<p> </p> -<p class="drop-cap">IT is not of the author’s own -motion that the following -essays are given to the -public in this form. With -characteristic modesty, Mr. -Cleveland was willing that -these addresses should lie undiscovered -and unread in the -limbo of pigeonholes or of -yellowing newspaper-file; and -yet the thoughtful reader will -be the first to proclaim that -these utterances are neither insignificant -nor ephemeral. -Their very themes are age-old. -Before Rome was, Patriotism -and Good Citizenship were the -purest and loftiest ideals of the -ancient world; and, through<span class="pagenum" id="Page_6">[6]</span> -the ages that have followed, -those nations have been noblest, -bravest and most enduring in -which love of home and love of -country have been most deep-seated.</p> - -<p>Mr. Cleveland’s address on -Good Citizenship was delivered -before the Commercial Club of -Chicago in October, 1903; and -that on Patriotism and Holiday -Observance before the Union -League Club, of the same city, -on Washington’s Birthday, -1907. Now, with Mr. Cleveland’s -sanction, they appear for -the first time in book form.</p> - -<p>No one can scan these pages, -however hastily, without saying -to himself, “Here is a man who -preaches what, for a lifetime, -he has been practicing.”</p> - -<p>Not all patriotism finds expression<span class="pagenum" id="Page_7">[7]</span> -in the heat and joy of -the battlefield; nor does good -citizenship begin and end on -election day. Mr. Cleveland -has, in himself, proved that an -upright and fearless chief magistrate -in the White House may -be as true a patriot as the leader -of a forlorn hope, as lofty a -type of citizen as a Garrison or -a Phillips. No public man of -this generation has been more -bitterly assailed than Grover -Cleveland; none has met with -more unswerving serenity the -attacks, fair and foul, of those -whose selfish interests have -made them his sworn foes.</p> - -<p>That famous phrase, uttered -years ago, “We love him for -the enemies he has made,” is a -true saying.</p> - -<p class="right"><span class="smcap">The Publishers.</span></p> - -</div> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_8">[8]</span></p> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_9">[9]</span> -<p class="ph2">GOOD CITIZENSHIP</p> -<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/i009.jpg" alt="" /></div> -</div> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_10">[10]</span></p> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_11">[11]</span> - -<h2 class="nobreak">GOOD CITIZENSHIP</h2> -</div> - - -<p class="drop-cap">THERE is danger that my -subject of American -good citizenship is so -familiar and so trite as to lack -interest. This does not necessarily -result from a want of -appreciation of the importance -of good citizenship, nor from -a denial of the duty resting -upon every American to be a -good citizen. There is, however, -abroad in our land a self-satisfied -and perfunctory notion -that we do all that is required -of us in this direction<span class="pagenum" id="Page_12">[12]</span> -when we make profession of -our faith in the creed of good -citizenship and abstain from the -commission of palpably unpatriotic -sins.</p> - -<p>We ought not to be badgered -and annoyed by the preaching -and exhortation of a restless, -troublesome set of men, who -continually urge upon us the -duty of active and affirmative -participation in public affairs. -Why should we be charged -with neglect of political obligations? -We go to the polls on -election day, when not too busy -with other things, and vote the -ticket our party managers have -prepared for us. Sometimes, -when conditions grow to be so<span class="pagenum" id="Page_13">[13]</span> -bad politically that a revival or -stirring-up becomes necessary, -a goodly number of us actually -devote considerable time and -effort to better the situation. -Of course, we cannot do this -always, because we must not -neglect money-getting and -the promotion of great enterprises, -which, as everybody -knows, are the evidence of -a nation’s prosperity and -influence.</p> - -<p>It seems to me that within -our citizenship there are many -whose disposition and characteristics -very often resemble -those found in the membership -of our churches. In this membership -there is a considerable<span class="pagenum" id="Page_14">[14]</span> -proportion composed of those -who, having made profession -of their faith and joined the -church, appear to think their -duty done when they live honestly, -attend worship regularly, -and contribute liberally to -church support. In complacent -satisfaction, and certain of their -respectability, they do not care -to hear sermonizing concerning -the sinfulness of human -nature, or the wrath to come; -and if haply they are sometimes -roused by the truths of -vital Christianity, they soon -relapse again to their tranquil -and easy condition of listlessness. -A description of these, -found in the Holy Writ, may<span class="pagenum" id="Page_15">[15]</span> -fitly apply to many in the State -as well as in the church:</p> - -<p>“For if any be a hearer of -the word, and not a doer, he is -like unto a man beholding his -natural face in a glass: for he -beholdeth himself, and goeth -his way, and straightway forgetteth -what manner of man -he was.”</p> - -<p>There is an habitual associate -of civic American indifference -and listlessness, which -reënforces their malign tendencies -and adds tremendously -to the dangers that threaten -our body politic. This associate -plays the <i>rôle</i> of smooth, -insinuating confidence operator -and, clothed in the garb of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_16">[16]</span> -immutable faith in the invulnerability -of our national greatness, -it invites our admiring -gaze to the flight of the American -eagle, and assures us that -no tempestuous weather can -ever tire his wings. Thus many -good and honest men are approached -through their patriotic -trust in our free institutions -and immense national resources, -and are insidiously -led to a condition of mind -which will not permit them to -<span class="gesperrt">harbor</span> the uncomfortable -thought that any omission on -their part can check American -progress or endanger our -country’s continued development. -Have we not lived as a<span class="pagenum" id="Page_17">[17]</span> -nation more than a century; -and have we not exhibited -growth and achievement in -every direction that discredit -all parallels in history? After -us the deluge. Why then need -we bestir ourselves, and why -disturb ourselves with public -affairs?</p> - -<p>Those of our citizens who -are deluded by these notions, -and who allow themselves to -be brought to such a frame of -mind, may well be reminded -of the good old lady who was -wont to impressively declare -that she had always noticed if -she lived until the first of -March she lived all the rest of -the year. It is quite likely she<span class="pagenum" id="Page_18">[18]</span> -built a theory upon this experience -which induced her -with the passing of each of -these fateful days to defy -coughs, colds and consumption -and the attacks of germs and -microbes in a million forms. -However this may be, we know -that with no design or intention -on her part, there came a -first day of March which passed -without her earthly notice.</p> - -<p>The withdrawal of wholesome -sentiment and patriotic -activity from political action on -the part of those who are indifferent -to their duty, or foolhardy -in their optimism, opens -the way for a ruthless and unrelenting -enemy of our free institutions.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_19">[19]</span> -The abandonment -of our country’s watch-towers -by those who should be on -guard, and the slumber of the -sentinels who should never -sleep, directly invite the stealthy -approach and the pillage and -loot of the forces of selfishness -and greed. These baleful -enemies of patriotic effort will -lurk everywhere as long as -human nature remains unregenerate; -but nowhere in the -world can they create such -desolations as in free America, -and nowhere can they so -cruelly destroy man’s highest -and best aspirations for self-government.</p> - -<p>It is useless for us to blink<span class="pagenum" id="Page_20">[20]</span> -at the fact that our scheme of -government is based upon a -close interdependence of interest -and purpose among those -who make up the body of our -people. Let us be honest with -ourselves. If our nation was -built too much upon sentiment, -and if the rules of patriotism -and benignity that were followed -in the construction have -proved too impractical, let us -frankly admit it. But if love -of country, equal opportunity -and genuine brotherhood in -citizenship are worth the pains -and trials that gave them birth, -and if we still believe them to -be worth preservation and that -they have the inherent vigor<span class="pagenum" id="Page_21">[21]</span> -and beneficence to make our -republic lasting and our people -happy, let us strongly hold -them in love and devotion. -Then it shall be given us to -plainly see that nothing is more -unfriendly to the motives that -underlie our national edifice -than the selfishness and cupidity -that look upon freedom and -law and order only as so many -agencies in aid of their designs.</p> - -<p>Our government was made -by patriotic, unselfish, sober-minded -men for the control or -protection of a patriotic, unselfish -and sober-minded people. -It is suited to such a people; -but for those who are -selfish, corrupt and unpatriotic<span class="pagenum" id="Page_22">[22]</span> -it is the worst government on -earth. It is so constructed that -it needs for its successful operation -the constant care and -guiding hand of the people’s -abiding faith and love, and not -only is this unremitting guidance -necessary to keep our national -mechanism true to its -work, but the faith and love -which prompt it are the best -safeguards against selfish citizenship.</p> - -<p>Give to our people something -that will concentrate their -common affection and solicitous -care, and let them be their -country’s good; give them a -purpose that stimulates them -to unite in lofty endeavor, and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_23">[23]</span> -let that purpose be a demonstration -of the sufficiency and -beneficence of our popular rule, -and we shall find that in their -political thought there will be -no place for the suggestions of -sordidness and pelf.</p> - -<p>Who will say that this is now -our happy condition? Is not -our public life saturated with -the indecent demands of selfishness? -More than this, can -any of us doubt the existence -of still more odious and detestable -evils which, with -steady, cankering growth, are -more directly than all others -threatening our safety and national -life? I speak of the corruption -of our suffrage, open<span class="pagenum" id="Page_24">[24]</span> -and notorious, of the buying -and selling of political places -for money, the purchase of -political favors and privileges, -and the traffic in official duty -for personal gain. These things -are confessedly common. Every -intelligent man knows that they -have grown from small beginnings -until they have reached -frightful proportions of malevolence; -and yet respectable -citizens by the thousands have -looked on with perfect calmness, -and with hypocritical cant -have declared they are not -politicians, or with silly pretensions -of faith in our strength -and luck have languidly claimed -that the country was prosperous,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_25">[25]</span> -equal to any emergency -and proof against all dangers.</p> - -<p>Resulting from these conditions -in a manner not difficult -to trace, wholesome national -sentiment is threatened with -utter perversion. All sorts of -misconceptions pervade the public -thought, and jealousies, -rapidly taking on the complexion -of class hatred, are found -in every corner of the land. A -new meaning has been given to -national prosperity. With a -hardihood that savors of insolence, -an old pretext, which -has preceded the doom of ancient -experiments in popular -vote, is daily and hourly dinned -in our ears. We are told that<span class="pagenum" id="Page_26">[26]</span> -the national splendor we have -built upon the showy ventures -of speculative wealth is a badge -of our success. Unsharing -contentment is enjoined upon -the masses of our people, and -they are invited, in the bare -subsistence of their scanty -homes, to patriotically rejoice -in their country’s prosperity.</p> - -<p>This is too unsubstantial an -enjoyment of benefits to satisfy -those who have been taught -American equality, and thus -has arisen, by a perfectly natural -process, a dissatisfied insistence -upon a better distribution -of the results of our -vaunted prosperity. We now -see its worst manifestation in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_27">[27]</span> -the apparently incorrigible dislocation -of the proper relations -between labor and capital. This -of itself is sufficiently distressing; -but thoughtful men are -not without dread of sadder -developments yet to come.</p> - -<p>There has also grown up -among our people a disregard -for the restraints of law and a -disposition to evade its limitations, -while querulous strictures -concerning the actions of our -courts tend to undermine popular -faith in the course of -justice, and, last but by no -means least, complaints of imaginary -or exaggerated shortcomings -in our financial policies -furnish an excuse for the flippant<span class="pagenum" id="Page_28">[28]</span> -exploitation of all sorts of -monetary nostrums.</p> - -<p>I hasten to give assurance -that I have not spoken in a -spirit of gloomy pessimism. I -have faith that the awakening -is forthcoming, and on this -faith I build a cheerful hope -for the healing of all the -wounds inflicted in slumber and -neglect.</p> - -<p>It is true that there should -be an end of self-satisfied -gratification, or pretense of -virtue, in the phrase, “I am not -a politician,” and it is time to -forbid the prostitution of the -word to a sinister use. Every -citizen should be politician -enough to bring himself within<span class="pagenum" id="Page_29">[29]</span> -the true meaning of the term, -as one who concerns himself -with “the regulation or government -of a nation or State for -the preservation of its safety, -peace and prosperity.” This -is politics in its best sense, and -this is good citizenship.</p> - -<p>If good men are to interfere -to make political action what -it should be, they must not -suppose they will come upon an -open field unoccupied by an -opposing force. On the ground -they neglected they will find a -host of those who engage in -politics for personal ends and -selfish purposes, and <span class="gesperrt">this</span> -ground cannot be taken without -a hand-to-hand conflict.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_30">[30]</span> -The attack must be made under -the banner of disinterested -good citizenship, by soldiers -drilled in lessons of patriotism. -They must be enlisted for life -and constantly on duty.</p> - -<p>Their creed should bind together -in generous coöperation -all who are willing to fight to -make our government what the -fathers intended it to be—a -depository of benefits which, -in equal current and volume, -should flow out to all the people. -This creed should teach -the wickedness of attempting -to make free opportunity the -occasion for seizing especial -advantages, and should warn -against the danger of ruthless<span class="pagenum" id="Page_31">[31]</span> -rapacity. It should deprecate -ostentation and extravagance in -the life of our people, and demand -in the management of -public affairs simplicity and -strict economy. It should teach -toleration in all things save -dishonesty and infidelity to public -trusts.</p> - -<p>It should insist that our finance -and currency concern not -alone the large traders, merchants -and bankers of our land, -but that they are intimately and -every day related to the well-being -of our people in all conditions -of life, and that, therefore, -if any adjustments are -necessary they should be made -in such manner as shall certainly<span class="pagenum" id="Page_32">[32]</span> -maintain the soundness -of our people’s earnings and the -security of their savings. It -should enjoin respect for the -law as the quality that cements -the fabric of organized society -and makes possible a government -by the people. And in -every sentence and every line -of this creed of good citizenship -the lesson should be taught -that our country is a beautiful -and productive field to be cultivated -by loyal Americans, -who, with weapons near at -hand, whether they sow and -reap or whether they rest, will -always be prepared to resist -those who attempt to despoil by -day and pilfer in the night.</p> - - - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_33">[33]</span>In the day when all shadows -shall have passed away and -when good citizenship shall -have made sure the safety, permanence -and happiness of our -nation, how small will appear -the strifes of selfishness in our -civic life, and how petty will -seem the machinations of degraded -politics.</p> - -<p>There shall be set over -against them in that time a -reverent sense of coöperation -in Heaven’s plans for our people’s -greatness, and the joyous -pride of standing among those -who, in the comradeship of -American good citizenship, -have so protected and defended -our heritage of self-government<span class="pagenum" id="Page_34">[34]</span> -that our treasures are safe -in the citadel of patriotism, -“where neither moth nor rust -doth corrupt, and where thieves -do not break through nor steal.”</p> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_35">[35]</span> - -<p class="ph2">PATRIOTISM<br /> -AND HOLIDAY<br /> -OBSERVANCE</p> - - -<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/i009.jpg" alt="" /></div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_36">[36]</span></p> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_37">[37]</span> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="PATRIOTISM_AND">PATRIOTISM AND<br /> -HOLIDAY OBSERVANCE</h2> -</div> - - -<p class="drop-cap">THE American people are -but little given to the -observance of public -holidays. This statement cannot -be disposed of by the -allegation that our national -history is too brief to allow the -accumulation of days deserving -civic commemoration. Though -it is true that our life as a people, -according to the standard -measuring the existence of nations, -has been a short one, it -has been filled with glorious<span class="pagenum" id="Page_38">[38]</span> -achievements; and, though it -must be conceded that it is not -given to us to see in the magnifying -mirage of antiquity the -exaggerated forms of American -heroes, yet in the bright and -normal light shed upon our beginning -and growth are seen -grand and heroic men who have -won imperishable honor and -deserve our everlasting remembrance. -We cannot, therefore, -excuse a lack of commemorative -inclination and a languid interest -in recalling the notable incidents -of our country’s past -under the plea of a lack of -commemorative material; nor -can we in this way explain our -neglect adequately to observe<span class="pagenum" id="Page_39">[39]</span> -days which have actually been -set apart for the especial manifestation -of our loving appreciation -of the lives and the -deeds of Americans who, in -crises of our birth and development, -have sublimely wrought -and nobly endured.</p> - -<p>If we are inclined to look for -other excuses, one may occur -to us which, though by no -means satisfying, may appear -to gain a somewhat fanciful -plausibility by reason of its -reference to the law of heredity. -It rests upon the theory that -those who secured for American -nationality its first foothold, -and watched over its weak -infancy were so engrossed with<span class="pagenum" id="Page_40">[40]</span> -the persistent and unescapable -labors that pressed upon them, -and that their hopes and aspirations -led them so constantly to -thoughts of the future, that retrospection -nearly became with -them an extinct faculty, and -that thus it may have happened -that exclusive absorption in -things pertaining to the present -and future became so embedded -in their natures as to constitute -a trait of character descendible -to their posterity, even to the -present generation. The toleration -of this theory leads to the -suggestion that an inheritance -of disposition has made it difficult -for the generation of to-day -to resist the temptation<span class="pagenum" id="Page_41">[41]</span> -inordinately to strive for immediate -material advantages, -to the exclusion of the wholesome -sentiment that recalls the -high achievements and noble -lives which have illumined our -national career. Some support -is given to this suggestion by -the concession, which we cannot -escape, that there is abroad -in our land an inclination to -use to the point of abuse the -opportunities of personal betterment, -given under a scheme -of rule which permits the greatest -individual liberty, and interposes -the least hindrance to -individual acquisition; and -that in the pursuit of this -we are apt to carry in our<span class="pagenum" id="Page_42">[42]</span> -minds, if not upon our lips, -the legend:</p> - -<p>“Things done are won; joy’s -soul lies in the doing.”</p> - -<p>But the question is whether -all this accounts for our indifference -to the proper observance -of public holidays which -deserve observance.</p> - -<p>There is another reason -which might be advanced in -mitigation of our lack of commemorative -enthusiasm, which -is so related to our pride of -Americanism that, if we could -be certain of its sufficiency, we -would gladly accept it as conclusive. -It has to do with the -underlying qualities and motives -of our free institutions.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_43">[43]</span> -Those institutions had their -birth and nurture in unselfish -patriotism and unreserved consecration; -and, by a decree of -fate beyond recall or change, -their perpetuity and beneficence -are conditioned on the constant -devotion and single-hearted -loyalty of those to whom their -blessings are vouchsafed. It -would be a joy if we could -know that all the bright incidents -in our history were so -much in the expected order of -events, and that patriotism and -loving service are so familiar -in our present surroundings, -and so clear in their manifestation, -as to dull the edge of their -especial commendation. If the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_44">[44]</span> -utmost of patriotism and unselfish -devotion in the promotion -of our national interests -have always been and still remain -universal, there would -hardly be need of their commemoration.</p> - -<p>But, after all, why should we -attempt to delude ourselves? -I am confident that I voice your -convictions when I say that no -play of ingenuity and no -amount of special pleading -can frame an absolutely creditable -excuse for our remissness -in appropriate holiday -observance.</p> - -<p>You will notice that I use -the words “holiday observance.” -I have not in mind<span class="pagenum" id="Page_45">[45]</span> -merely the selection or appointment -of days which have been -thought worthy of celebration. -Such an appointment or selection -is easy, and very frequently -it is the outcome of a -perfunctory concession to apparent -propriety, or of a transient -movement of affectionate -sentiment. But I speak of the -observance of holidays, and -such holidays as not only have -a substantial right to exist, but -which ought to have a lasting -hold upon the sentiment of our -people—days which, as often -as they recur, should stimulate -in the hearts of our countrymen -a grateful recognition of -what God has done for mankind,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_46">[46]</span> -and especially for the -American nation; days which -stir our consciences and sensibilities -with promptings to unselfish -and unadulterated love -of country; days which warm -and invigorate our devotion to -the supreme ideals which gave -life to our institutions and their -only protection against death -and decay. I speak of holidays -which demand observance by -our people in spirit and in -truth.</p> - -<p>The commemoration of the -day on which American independence -was born has been -allowed to lose much of its significance -as a reminder of -Providential favor and of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_47">[47]</span> -inflexible patriotism of the -fathers of the republic, and has -nearly degenerated into a revel -of senseless noise and aimless -explosion, leaving in its train -far more of mishap and accident -than lessons of good citizenship -or pride of country. -The observance of Thanksgiving -Day is kept alive through -its annual designation by Federal -and State authority. But -it is worth our while to inquire -whether its original meaning, -as a day of united praise and -gratitude to God for the blessings -bestowed upon us as a -people and as individuals, is not -smothered in feasting and -social indulgence. We, in common<span class="pagenum" id="Page_48">[48]</span> -with Christian nations -everywhere, celebrate Christmas, -but how much less as a -day commemorating the birth -of the Redeemer of mankind -than as a day of hilarity and -the interchange of gifts.</p> - -<p>I will not, without decided -protest, be accused of antagonizing -or deprecating light-hearted -mirth and jollity. On -the contrary, I am an earnest -advocate of every kind of sane, -decent, social enjoyment, and -all sorts of recreation. But, -nevertheless, I feel that the allowance -of an incongruous -possession by them of our commemorative -days is evidence of -a certain condition, and is<span class="pagenum" id="Page_49">[49]</span> -symptomatic of a popular tendency, -which are by no means -reassuring.</p> - -<p>On the days these words are -written, a prominent and -widely read newspaper contains -a communication in regard to -the observance of the birthday -of the late President McKinley. -Its tone plainly indicates that -the patriotic society which has -for its primary purpose the -promotion of this particular -commemoration recognizes the -need of a revival of interest in -the observance of all other memorial -days, and it announces -that “its broader object is to -instil into the hearts and minds -of the people a desire for real,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_50">[50]</span> -patriotic observance of all of -our national days.”</p> - -<p>Beyond all doubt, the commemorations -of the birth of -American heroes and statesmen -who have rendered redemptive -service to their country in -emergencies of peace and war -should be rescued from entire -neglect and from fitful and dislocated -remembrance. And, -while it would be more gratifying -to be assured that throughout -our country there was such -a spontaneous appreciation of -this need, that in no part of our -domain would there be a necessity -of urging such commemorations -by self-constituted organizations, -yet it is comforting<span class="pagenum" id="Page_51">[51]</span> -to know that, in the midst of -prevailing apathy, there are -those among us who have determined -that the memory of -the events and lives we should -commemorate shall not be -smothered in the dust and -<span class="gesperrt">smoke</span> of sordidness, nor -crushed out by ruthless materialism.</p> - -<p>On this day the Union -League Club of Chicago should -especially rejoice in the consciousness -of patriotic accomplishment; -and on this day, of -all others, every one of its members -should regard his membership -as a badge of honor. -Whatever else the organization -may have done, it has justified<span class="pagenum" id="Page_52">[52]</span> -its existence, and earned the -applause of those whose love of -country is still unclouded, by -the work it has done for the -deliverance of Washington’s -birthday from neglect or indolent -remembrance. I deem -it a great privilege to be allowed -to participate with the -League in a commemoration so -exactly designed, not only to -remind those of mature years -of the duty exacted by their -heirship in American free institutions, -but to teach children -the inestimable value of those -institutions, to inspire them to -emulation of the virtues in -which our nation had its birth, -and to lead them to know the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_53">[53]</span> -nobility of patriotic citizenship. -The palpable and immediate -good growing out of the commemorations -which for twenty -years have occurred under the -auspices of the League are less -impressive than the assurance -that, in generations yet to -come, the seed thus sown in -the hearts of children and -youth will bear the fruit of disinterested -love of country and -saving steadfastness to our national -mission.</p> - -<p>In furtherance of the high -endeavor of your organization, -it would have been impossible -to select for observance any -other civic holiday having as -broad and fitting a significance<span class="pagenum" id="Page_54">[54]</span> -as this. It memorizes the birth -of one whose glorious deeds -are transcendently above all -others recorded in our national -annals; and, in memorizing the -birth of Washington, it commemorates -the incarnation of -all the virtues and all the ideals -that made our nationality possible, -and gave it promise of -growth and strength. It is a -holiday that belongs exclusively -to the American people. All -that Washington did was bound -up in our national life, and became -interwoven with the warp -of our national destiny. The -battles he fought were fought -for American liberty, and the -victories he won gave us<span class="pagenum" id="Page_55">[55]</span> -national independence. His example -of unselfish consecration -and lofty patriotism made manifest, -as in an open book, that -those virtues were conditions -not more vital to our nation’s -beginning than to its development -and durability. His faith -in God, and the fortitude of his -faith, taught those for whom -he wrought that the surest -strength of nations comes from -the support of God’s almighty -arm. His universal and unaffected -sympathy with those -in every sphere of American -life, his thorough knowledge of -existing American conditions, -and his wonderful foresight of -conditions yet to be, coupled<span class="pagenum" id="Page_56">[56]</span> -with his powerful influence in -the councils of those who were -to make or mar the fate of an -infant nation, made him a tremendous -factor in the construction -and adoption of the constitutional -chart by which the -course of the newly launched -republic could be safely sailed. -And it was he who first took -the helm, and demonstrated, -for the guidance of all who -might succeed him, how and in -what spirit and intent the responsibilities -of our chief magistracy -should be discharged.</p> - -<p>If your observance of this -day were intended to make -more secure the immortal fame -of Washington, or to add to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_57">[57]</span> -the strength and beauty of his -imperishable monument built -upon a nation’s affectionate remembrance, -<span class="gesperrt">your</span> purpose -would be useless. Washington -has no need of you. But -in every moment, from the time -he drew his sword in the cause -of American independence to -this hour, living or dead, the -American people have needed -him. It is not important now, -nor will it be in all the coming -years, to remind our countrymen -that Washington has lived, -and that his achievements in -his country’s service are above -all praise. But it is important—and -more important now -than ever before—that they<span class="pagenum" id="Page_58">[58]</span> -should clearly apprehend and -adequately value the virtues -and ideals of which he was the -embodiment, and that they -should realize how essential -to our safety and perpetuity are -the consecration and patriotism -which he exemplified. The -American people need to-day -the example and teachings of -Washington no less than those -who fashioned our <span class="gesperrt">nation</span> -needed his labors and guidance; -and only so far as we commemorate -his birth with a -sincere recognition of this need -can our commemoration be useful -to the present generation.</p> - -<p>It is, therefore, above all -things, absolutely essential to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_59">[59]</span> -an appropriately commemorative -condition of mind that -there should be no toleration -of even the shade of a thought -that what Washington did and -said and wrote, in aid of the -young American republic have -become in the least outworn, or -that in these later days of material -advance and development -they may be merely pleasantly -recalled with a sort of affectionate -veneration, and with a kind -of indulgent and loftily courteous -concession of the value -of Washington’s example and -precepts. These constitute the -richest of all our crown jewels; -and, if we disregard them or depreciate -their value, we shall be<span class="pagenum" id="Page_60">[60]</span> -no better than “the base Indian -who threw a pearl away richer -than all his tribe.”</p> - -<p>They are full of stimulation -to do grand and noble things, -and full of lessons enjoining -loyal adherence to public duty. -But they teach nothing more -impressive and nothing more -needful by way of recalling our -countrymen to a faith which -has become somewhat faint and -obscured than the necessity to -national beneficence and the -<span class="gesperrt">people’s</span> happiness of the -homely, simple, personal virtues -that grow and thrive in -the hearts of men who, with -high intent, illustrate the goodness -there is in human nature.</p> - - - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_61">[61]</span>Three months before his inauguration -as first President of -the republic which he had done -so much to create, Washington -wrote a letter to Lafayette, his -warm friend and Revolutionary -ally, in which he expressed his -unremitting desire to establish -a general system of policy -which, if pursued, would “ensure -permanent felicity to the -commonwealth;” and he added -these words:</p> - -<p>“I think I see a path as clear -and as direct as a ray of light, -which leads to the attainment -of that object. Nothing but -harmony, honesty, industry and -frugality is necessary to make -us a great and happy people<span class="pagenum" id="Page_62">[62]</span> -Happily, the present posture of -affairs, and the prevailing disposition -of my countrymen -promise to coöperate in establishing -those four great and -essential pillars of public felicity.”</p> - -<p>It is impossible for us to be -in accord with the spirit which -should pervade this occasion if -we fail to realize the momentous -import of this declaration, -and if we doubt its conclusiveness -or its application to any -stage of our national life, we -are not in sympathy with a -proper and improving observance -of the birthday of George -Washington.</p> - -<p>Such considerations as these<span class="pagenum" id="Page_63">[63]</span> -suggest the thought that this is -a time for honest self-examination. -The question presses upon -us with a demand for reply that -will not be denied:</p> - -<p>Who among us all, if our -hearts are purged of misleading -impulses and our minds -freed from perverting pride, -can be sure that to-day the -posture of affairs and the prevailing -disposition of our countrymen -coöperate in the establishment -and promotion of -harmony, honesty, industry and -frugality?</p> - -<p>When Washington wrote -that nothing but these was -necessary to make us a great -and happy people, he had in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_64">[64]</span> -mind the harmony of American -brotherhood and unenvious -good-will, the honesty that insures -against the betrayal of -public trust and hates devious -ways and conscienceless practices, -the industry that recognizes -in faithful work and -intelligent endeavor abundant -promise of well-earned competence -and provident accumulation, -and the frugality which -outlaws waste and extravagant -display as plunderers of thrift -and promoters of covetous discontent.</p> - -<p>The self-examination invited -by this day’s commemoration -will be incomplete and superficial -if we are not thereby<span class="pagenum" id="Page_65">[65]</span> -forced to the confession that -there are signs of the times -which indicate a weakness and -relaxation of our hold upon -these saving virtues. When -thus forewarned, it is the -height of recreancy for us obstinately -to close our eyes to -the needs of the situation, and -refuse admission to the thought -that evil can overtake us. If -we are to deserve security, and -make good our claim to sensible, -patriotic Americanism, we -will carefully and dutifully take -our bearings, and discover, if -we can, how far wind and tide -have carried us away from safe -waters.</p> - -<p>If we find that the wickedness<span class="pagenum" id="Page_66">[66]</span> -of destructive agitators -and the selfish depravity of -demagogues have stirred up -discontent and strife where -there should be peace and harmony, -and have arrayed against -each other interests which -should dwell together in hearty -coöperation; if we find that -the old standards of sturdy, uncompromising -American honesty -have become so corroded -and weakened by a sordid -atmosphere that our people are -hardly startled by crime in high -places and shameful betrayals -of trust everywhere; if we find -a sadly prevalent disposition -among us to turn from the -highway of honorable industry<span class="pagenum" id="Page_67">[67]</span> -into shorter crossroads leading -to irresponsible and worthless -ease; if we find that widespread -wastefulness and extravagance -have discredited the -wholesome frugality which was -once the pride of Americanism -we should recall Washington’s -admonition that harmony, industry -and frugality are “essential -pillars of public felicity,” -and forthwith endeavor to -change our course.</p> - -<p>To neglect this is not only -to neglect the admonition of -Washington, but to miss or -neglect the conditions which -our self-examination has made -plain to us. These conditions -demand something more from<span class="pagenum" id="Page_68">[68]</span> -us than warmth and zest in the -tribute we pay to Washington, -and something more even than -acceptance of his teachings, -however reverent our acceptance -may be.</p> - -<p>The sooner we reach a state -of mind which keeps constantly -before us, as a living, active, -impelling force, the truth that -our people, good or bad, harmonious -or with <span class="gesperrt">daggers</span> -drawn, honest or unscrupulous, -industrious or idle, constitute -the source of our nation’s temperament -and health, and that -the traits and faults of our people -must necessarily give quality -and color to our national -behavior, the sooner we shall<span class="pagenum" id="Page_69">[69]</span> -appreciate the importance of -protecting this source from unwholesome -contamination. And -the sooner all of us honestly -acknowledge this to be an individual -duty that cannot be -shifted or evaded, and the more -thoroughly we purge ourselves -from influences that hinder its -conscientious performance, the -sooner will our country be -regenerated and made secure -by the saving power of good -citizenship.</p> - -<p>It is our habit to affiliate -with political parties. Happily, -the strength and solidity of our -institutions can safely withstand -the utmost freedom and -activity of political discussion<span class="pagenum" id="Page_70">[70]</span> -so far as it involves the adoption -of governmental policies -or the enforcement of good -administration. But they cannot -withstand the frenzy of -hate which seeks, under the -guise of political earnestness, -to blot out American brotherhood, -and cunningly to persuade -our people that a crusade -of envy and malice is no more -than a zealous insistence upon -their manhood rights.</p> - -<p>Political parties are exceedingly -human; and they more -easily fall before temptation -than individuals, by so much as -partisan success is the law of -their life, and because their responsibility -is impersonal. It<span class="pagenum" id="Page_71">[71]</span> -is easily recalled that political -organizations have been quite -willing to utilize gusts of popular -prejudice and resentment; -and I believe they have been -known, as a matter of shrewd -management, to encourage -voters to hope for some measure -of relief from economic -abuses, and yet to “stand pat” -on the day appointed for realization.</p> - -<p>We have fallen upon a time -when it behooves <span class="gesperrt">every</span> -thoughtful citizen, whose political -beliefs are based on reason -and who cares enough for his -manliness and duty to save -them from barter, to realize -that the organization of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_72">[72]</span> -party of his choice needs watching, -and that at times it is not -amiss critically to observe its -direction and tendency. This -certainly ought to result in our -country’s gain; and it is only -partisan impudence that condemns -a member of a political -party who, on proper occasion, -submits its conduct and the -loyalty to principle of its leaders -to a Court of Review, over -which his conscience, his reason -and his political understanding -preside.</p> - -<p>I protest that I have not -spoken in a spirit of pessimism. -I have and enjoy my full share -of the pride and exultation -which our country’s material<span class="pagenum" id="Page_73">[73]</span> -advancement so fully justifies. -Its limitless resources, its astonishing -growth, its unapproachable -industrial development -and its irrepressible -inventive genius have made it -the wonder of the centuries. -Nevertheless, these things do -not complete the story of a -people truly great. Our country -is infinitely more than a -domain affording to those who -dwell upon it immense material -advantages and opportunities. -In such a country we -live. But I love to think of a -glorious nation built upon the -will of free men, set apart for -the propagation and cultivation -of humanity’s best ideal of a<span class="pagenum" id="Page_74">[74]</span> -free government, and made -ready for the growth and fruitage -of the highest aspirations -of patriotism. This is the -country that lives in us. I indulge -in no mere figure of -speech when I say that our nation, -the immortal spirit of our -domain, lives in us—in our -hearts and minds and consciences. -There it must find its -nutriment or die. This thought -more than any other presents -to our minds the impressiveness -and responsibility of -American citizenship. The land -we live in seems to be strong -and active. But how fares the -land that lives in us? Are we -sure that we are doing all we<span class="pagenum" id="Page_75">[75]</span> -ought to keep it in vigor and -health? Are we keeping its -roots well surrounded by the -fertile soil of loving allegiance, -and are we furnishing them the -invigorating moisture of unselfish -fidelity? Are we as diligent -as we ought to be to protect -this precious <span class="gesperrt">growth</span> -against the poison that must -arise from the decay of harmony -and honesty and industry -and frugality; and are we -sufficiently watchful against the -deadly, burrowing pests of consuming -greed and cankerous -cupidity? Our answers to -these questions make up the -account of our stewardship as -keepers of a sacred trust.</p> - - - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_76">[76]</span>The land we live in is safe -as long as we are dutifully careful -of the land that lives in us. -But good intentions and fine -sentiments will not meet the -emergency. If we would bestow -upon the land that lives -in us the care it needs, it is -indispensable that we should -recognize the weakness of our -human nature, and our susceptibility -to temptations and -influences that interfere with a -full conception of our obligations; -and thereupon we should -see to it that cupidity and selfishness -do not blind our consciences -or dull our efforts.</p> - -<p>From different points of -view I have invited you to consider<span class="pagenum" id="Page_77">[77]</span> -with me what obligations -and responsibilities rest upon -those who in this country of -ours are entitled to be called -good citizens. The things I -pointed out may be trite. I -know I have spoken in the way -of exhortation rather than with -an attempt to say something -new and striking. Perhaps you -have suspected, what I am quite -willing to confess, that, behind -all that I have said, there is in -my mind a sober conviction that -we all can and ought to do more -for the country that lives in us -than it has been our habit to -do; and that no better means -to this end are at hand than a -revival of pure patriotic affection<span class="pagenum" id="Page_78">[78]</span> -for our country for its own -sake, and the acceptance, as -permanent occupants in our -hearts and minds, of the virtues -which Washington regarded -as all that was necessary -to make us a great and happy -people, and which he declared -to be “the great and essential -pillars of public felicity”—harmony, -honesty, industry and -frugality.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<div class="transnote"> -<p class="ph1">TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES:</p> - - -<p>Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.</p> - -<p>The decorative border shown in this eBook in the Introduction appears throughout the entire book.</p> -</div></div> - - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GOOD CITIZENSHIP ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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