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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..89e4223 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #67001 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/67001) diff --git a/old/67001-0.txt b/old/67001-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 51306f8..0000000 --- a/old/67001-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3882 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Historical Record of the Seventy-Third -Regiment, by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Historical Record of the Seventy-Third Regiment - Containing an account of the formation of the Regiment from the - period of its being raised as the Second Battalion of the - Forty-Second Royal Highlanders in 1780 and of its subsequent - services to 1851 - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: December 23, 2021 [eBook #67001] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online Distributed - Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was - produced from images generously made available by The Internet - Archive) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE -SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT *** - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - Footnote anchors are denoted by [number], and the footnotes have been - placed at the end of each major section. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}, for example S^t or 4^{th}. - - The tables in this book are best viewed using a monospace font. - - Some minor changes to the text are noted at the end of the book. - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF - - THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT: - - CONTAINING - - AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT - - FROM THE PERIOD OF ITS BEING RAISED - - AS THE SECOND BATTALION - - OF THE - - FORTY-SECOND ROYAL HIGHLANDERS, - - IN 1780 - AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES - TO 1851. - - COMPILED BY - - RICHARD CANNON, ESQ., - ADJUTANT-GENERAL’S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS. - - ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES. - - LONDON: - PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER, - 30, CHARING CROSS. - - M DCCC LI. - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - _HORSE-GUARDS_, - _1st January, 1836_. - -His Majesty has been pleased to command that, with the view of -doing the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals -who have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with -the Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the -British Army shall be published under the superintendence and -direction of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall -contain the following particulars, viz.:-- - - ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of - the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time - employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations - in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any - Achievement it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, - &c., it may have captured from the Enemy. - - ---- The Names of the Officers, and the number of - Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or Wounded by the - Enemy, specifying the place and Date of the Action. - - ---- The Names of those Officers who, in consideration of their - Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the - Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other - Marks of His Majesty’s gracious favour. - - ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, - and Privates, as may have specially signalized themselves in - Action. - - And, - - ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been - permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges - or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honorable - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD, - _Adjutant-General_. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend -upon the zeal and ardour by which all who enter into its service -are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that -any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which -alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object than a full display of the noble deeds with which the -Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright -examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have -preceded him in their honorable career, are among the motives that -have given rise to the present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -“London Gazette,” from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the -time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and -admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, -the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on -the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their -orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill -and bravery, and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour -of their Sovereign’s approbation, constitute the reward which the -soldier most highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) -for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services -and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in -obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty -having been pleased to command that every Regiment shall, in -future, keep a full and ample record of its services at home and -abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations which -chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In -Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and -where these pursuits have, for so long a period, been undisturbed -by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active service -and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during peace, the -British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, with little -or no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country -derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to -reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on -their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which -so many national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and -steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against -superior numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the -Corps employed; but the details of their services and of acts of -individual bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under His -Majesty’s special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk -of the Adjutant General’s Office; and while the perusal of them -cannot fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every -rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and -information to the general reader, particularly to those who may -have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or -are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment -to everything belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a -narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great, the -valiant, the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with -a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race -of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood “firm -as the rocks of their native shore:” and when half the world has -been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their -Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained -by our countrymen, our brothers, our fellow-citizens in arms,--a -record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their -gallant deeds before us,--will certainly prove acceptable to the -public. - -Biographical Memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value -and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment -will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall -be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - - -INTRODUCTION - -TO - -THE INFANTRY. - - -The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been celebrated for -innate courage and unshaken firmness, and the national superiority -of the British troops over those of other countries has been -evinced in the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains -so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, that no doubts can -be raised upon the facts which are recorded. It must therefore be -admitted, that the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is -INTREPIDITY. This quality was evinced by the inhabitants of England -when their country was invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army, -on which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into the sea to -attack the Roman soldiers as they descended from their ships; and, -although their discipline and arms were inferior to those of their -adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing intimidated -the flower of the Roman troops, including Cæsar’s favourite tenth -legion. Their arms consisted of spears, short swords, and other -weapons of rude construction. They had chariots, to the axles of -which were fastened sharp pieces of iron resembling scythe-blades, -and infantry in long chariots resembling waggons, who alighted -and fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit or retreat, -sprang into the chariot and drove off with the speed of cavalry. -These inventions were, however, unavailing against Cæsar’s -legions: in the course of time a military system, with discipline -and subordination, was introduced, and British courage, being -thus regulated, was exerted to the greatest advantage; a full -development of the national character followed, and it shone forth -in all its native brilliancy. - -The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted principally of -infantry: Thanes, and other men of property, however, fought on -horseback. The infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. The -former carried large shields armed with spikes, long broad swords -and spears; and the latter were armed with swords or spears only. -They had also men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and -javelins. - -The feudal troops established by William the Conqueror consisted -(as already stated in the Introduction to the Cavalry) almost -entirely of horse; but when the warlike barons and knights, with -their trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion -of men appeared on foot, and, although these were of inferior -degree, they proved stout-hearted Britons of stanch fidelity. When -stipendiary troops were employed, infantry always constituted a -considerable portion of the military force; and this _arme_ has -since acquired, in every quarter of the globe, a celebrity never -exceeded by the armies of any nation at any period. - -The weapons carried by the infantry, during the several reigns -succeeding the Conquest, were bows and arrows, half-pikes, lances, -halberds, various kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour -was worn on the head and body, and in course of time the practice -became general for military men to be so completely cased in steel, -that it was almost impossible to slay them. - -The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the destructive -purposes of war, in the early part of the fourteenth -century, produced a change in the arms and equipment of the -infantry-soldier. Bows and arrows gave place to various kinds of -fire-arms, but British archers continued formidable adversaries; -and, owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect bore of -the fire-arms when first introduced, a body of men, well trained -in the use of the bow from their youth, was considered a valuable -acquisition to every army, even as late as the sixteenth century. - -During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth each company -of infantry usually consisted of men armed five different ways; in -every hundred men forty were “_men-at-arms_,” and sixty “_shot_;” -the “men-at-arms” were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe men, and -thirty pikemen; and the “shot” were twenty archers, twenty -musketeers, and twenty harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides -his principal weapon, a sword and dagger. - -Companies of infantry varied at this period in numbers from 150 -to 300 men; each company had a colour or ensign, and the mode of -formation recommended by an English military writer (Sir John -Smithe) in 1590 was:--the colour in the centre of the company -guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen in equal proportions, on -each flank of the halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank -of the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers, -and the harquebusiers (whose arms were much lighter than the -muskets then in use) in equal proportions on each flank of the -company for skirmishing.[1] It was customary to unite a number -of companies into one body, called a REGIMENT, which frequently -amounted to three thousand men: but each company continued to carry -a colour. Numerous improvements were eventually introduced in the -construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found impossible to -make armour proof against the muskets then in use (which carried -a very heavy ball) without its being too weighty for the soldier, -armour was gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth -century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse, and the infantry -were reduced to two classes, viz.: _musketeers_, armed with -matchlock muskets, swords, and daggers; and _pikemen_, armed with -pikes from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords. - -In the early part of the seventeenth century Gustavus Adolphus, -King of Sweden, reduced the strength of regiments to 1000 men. He -caused the gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in flasks, -or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing a charge, to be -made up into cartridges, and carried in pouches; and he formed -each regiment into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division -of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming four regiments -into a brigade; and the number of colours was afterwards reduced to -three in each regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that his -infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated Polish horsemen -and Austrian cuirassiers; and his armies became the admiration of -other nations. His mode of formation was copied by the English, -French, and other European states; but so great was the prejudice -in favour of ancient customs, that all his improvements were not -adopted until near a century afterwards. - -In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service, styled -the Admiral’s regiment. In 1678 each company of 100 men usually -consisted of 30 pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with light -firelocks. In this year the King added a company of men armed with -hand grenades to each of the old British regiments, which was -designated the “grenadier company.” Daggers were so contrived as to -fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets, similar to those -at present in use, were adopted about twenty years afterwards. - -An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by order of King James -II., to guard the artillery, and was designated the Royal Fusiliers -(now 7th Foot). This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did -not carry pikes. - -King William III. incorporated the Admiral’s regiment in the second -Foot Guards, and raised two Marine regiments for sea-service. -During the war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting -the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 pikemen and 46 -musketeers; the captains carried pikes; lieutenants, partisans; -ensigns, half-pikes; and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in -1697 the Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again formed on -the breaking out of the war in 1702.[2] - -During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were laid aside, and every -infantry soldier was armed with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the -grenadiers ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades; -and the regiments were directed to lay aside their third colour: -the corps of Royal Artillery was first added to the Army in this -reign. - -About the year 1745, the men of the battalion companies of infantry -ceased to carry swords; during the reign of George II. light -companies were added to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of -General Officers recommended that the grenadiers should lay aside -their swords, as that weapon had never been used during the Seven -Years’ War. Since that period the arms of the infantry soldier have -been limited to the musket and bayonet. - -The arms and equipment of the British Troops have seldom differed -materially, since the Conquest, from those of other European -states; and in some respects the arming has, at certain periods, -been allowed to be inferior to that of the nations with whom they -have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage, the bravery and -superiority of the British infantry have been evinced on very many -and most trying occasions, and splendid victories have been gained -over very superior numbers. - -Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like champions who have -dared to confront a host of foes, and have proved themselves -valiant with any arms. At _Crecy_, King Edward III., at the head -of about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, 1346, Philip -King of France, whose army is said to have amounted to 100,000 -men; here British valour encountered veterans of renown:--the -King of Bohemia, the King of Majorca, and many princes and nobles -were slain, and the French army was routed and cut to pieces. Ten -years afterwards, Edward Prince of Wales, who was designated the -Black Prince, defeated, at _Poictiers_, with 14,000 men, a French -army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, and took John I., King of -France, and his son Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October, -1415, King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 men, although -greatly exhausted by marches, privations, and sickness, defeated, -at _Agincourt_, the Constable of France, at the head of the flower -of the French nobility and an army said to amount to 60,000 men, -and gained a complete victory. - -During the seventy years’ war between the United Provinces of the -Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy, which commenced in 1578 and -terminated in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the -States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable spirit and -firmness;[3] and in the thirty years’ war between the Protestant -Princes and the Emperor of Germany, the British Troops in the -service of Sweden and other states were celebrated for deeds of -heroism.[4] In the wars of Queen Anne, the fame of the British -army under the great MARLBOROUGH was spread throughout the world; -and if we glance at the achievements performed within the memory -of persons now living, there is abundant proof that the Britons -of the present age are not inferior to their ancestors in the -qualities which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds of -the brave men, of whom there are many now surviving, who fought in -Egypt in 1801, under the brave Abercromby, and compelled the French -army, which had been vainly styled _Invincible_, to evacuate that -country; also the services of the gallant Troops during the arduous -campaigns in the Peninsula, under the immortal WELLINGTON; and -the determined stand made by the British Army at Waterloo, where -Napoleon Bonaparte, who had long been the inveterate enemy of Great -Britain, and had sought and planned her destruction by every means -he could devise, was compelled to leave his vanquished legions to -their fate, and to place himself at the disposal of the British -Government. These achievements, with others of recent dates, in the -distant climes of India, prove that the same valour and constancy -which glowed in the breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, -Agincourt, Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the Britons -of the nineteenth century. - -The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust and muscular -frame,--intrepidity which no danger can appal,--unconquerable -spirit and resolution,--patience in fatigue and privation, and -cheerful obedience to his superiors. These qualities, united with -an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate and give -a skilful direction to the energies and adventurous spirit of -the hero, and a wise selection of officers of superior talent to -command, whose presence inspires confidence,--have been the leading -causes of the splendid victories gained by the British arms.[5] -The fame of the deeds of the past and present generations in the -various battle-fields where the robust sons of Albion have fought -and conquered, surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory; -these achievements will live in the page of history to the end of -time. - -The records of the several regiments will be found to contain a -detail of facts of an interesting character, connected with the -hardships, sufferings, and gallant exploits of British soldiers in -the various parts of the world where the calls of their Country -and the commands of their Sovereign have required them to proceed -in the execution of their duty, whether in active continental -operations, or in maintaining colonial territories in distant and -unfavourable climes. - -The superiority of the British infantry has been pre-eminently set -forth in the wars of six centuries, and admitted by the greatest -commanders which Europe has produced. The formations and movements -of this _arme_, as at present practised, while they are adapted -to every species of warfare, and to all probable situations -and circumstances of service, are calculated to show forth the -brilliancy of military tactics calculated upon mathematical and -scientific principles. Although the movements and evolutions have -been copied from the continental armies, yet various improvements -have from time to time been introduced, to insure that simplicity -and celerity by which the superiority of the national military -character is maintained. The rank and influence which Great Britain -has attained among the nations of the world, have in a great -measure been purchased by the valour of the Army, and to persons -who have the welfare of their country at heart, the records of the -several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] A company of 200 men would appear thus:-- - - __| - | | - |__| - | - 20 20 20 30 2|0 30 20 20 20 - | - Harquebuses. Muskets. Halberds. Muskets. Harquebuses. - Archers. Pikes. Pikes. Archers. - -The musket carried a ball which weighed 1/10th of a pound; and the -harquebus a ball which weighed 1/25th of a pound. - -[2] The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps -in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign -of Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under -Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and -in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at -the siege of Barcelona in 1705. - -[3] The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed -in 1590, observes:--“I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation -would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the -field, let them be chosen where they list.” Yet at this time the -Spanish infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe. -For instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during -the Seventy Years’ War, see the Historical Record of the Third -Foot, or Buffs. - -[4] _Vide_ the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of -Foot. - -[5] “Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes -the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in -Egypt to that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but -His Majesty desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed -on the consideration of every part of the army, that it has been a -strict observance of order, discipline, and military system, which -has given the full energy to the native valour of the troops, and -has enabled them proudly to assert the superiority of the national -military character, in situations uncommonly arduous, and under -circumstances of peculiar difficulty.”--_General Orders in 1801._ - -In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope -(afterwards Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the -successful result of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January, -1809, it is stated:--“On no occasion has the undaunted valour of -British troops ever been more manifest. At the termination of a -severe and harassing march, rendered necessary by the superiority -which the enemy had acquired, and which had materially impaired -the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages were to be -encountered. These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the -troops themselves: and the enemy has been taught, that whatever -advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there is -inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows -not how to yield,--that no circumstances can appal,--and that will -ensure victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any -human means.” - - - - - THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT - - BEARS ON THE REGIMENTAL COLOUR AND APPOINTMENTS - - THE WORD “MANGALORE,” - - IN COMMEMORATION OF THE GALLANT DEFENCE OF THAT FORTRESS IN 1783; - - ALSO, - - THE WORD “SERINGAPATAM,” - - FOR THE SIEGE AND CAPTURE OF THAT PLACE IN 1799; - - AND, - - THE WORD “WATERLOO,” - - IN TESTIMONY OF THE GALLANTRY OF THE SECOND BATTALION - AT THAT BATTLE ON THE 18th OF JUNE, 1815. - - - - -THE - -SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT. - - -CONTENTS - -OF THE - -HISTORICAL RECORD. - - - Year Page - - INTRODUCTION 1 - - 1780 Formation of the second battalion of the forty-second, - afterwards the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment 5 - - 1781 Embarked for India 6 - - 1782 Campaign against Hyder Ali, and Tippoo Saib -- - - ---- Operations before _Paniané_ 7 - - ---- Defeat of Tippoo’s army 8 - - ---- Decease of Hyder Ali, and succession of Tippoo to the - throne of Mysore -- - - 1783 Siege and capture of _Onore_ 9 - - ---- Action at the Hussanghurry Ghaut -- - - ---- Occupation of _Mangalore_ by the British -- - - ---- _Mangalore_ invested by Tippoo Sultan -- - - ---- Defence of _Mangalore_ 10 - - ---- The Royal authority granted for bearing the word - “_Mangalore_” on the regimental colour and - appointments -- - - ---- Armistice between the British and Tippoo -- - - ---- Renewal of hostilities -- - - ---- Second siege of Mangalore 10 - - ---- Termination of hostilities -- - - ---- Embarkation of the battalion for Calcutta -- - - ---- Employed on service in the Upper Provinces -- - - 1786 The second battalion of the forty-second numbered - the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment 11 - - ---- Major-General Sir George Osborn, Bart. appointed - colonel of the regiment -- - - ---- Alteration of the facings from _blue_ to _dark green_ -- - - ---- Establishment of the regiment -- - - ---- Major-General Medows appointed colonel of the regiment -- - - 1789 Hostilities renewed by Tippoo -- - - 1790 The SEVENTY-THIRD regiment removed to the seat of war 12 - - ---- And ordered to compose part of the force under - Major-General Abercromby -- - - 1791 Action with the Sultan, and the siege of _Seringapatam_ - deferred by the British -- - - 1792 Operations of the troops under Major-General Abercromby -- - - ---- Preparations for the siege of _Seringapatam_ 13 - - ---- Cessation of hostilities -- - - ---- Effects of the French revolution on the affairs of - India -- - - 1793 Expedition against the French settlement of - _Pondicherry_ -- - - 1795 Capture of the Dutch settlements in _Ceylon_ 15 - - 1796 The regiment stationed in that island, and employed - in completing its conquest -- - - ---- Major-General Lake appointed colonel of the regiment -- - - 1797 The regiment embarked for Madras -- - - 1798 Removed to Poonamallee -- - - 1798 Alliances formed by Tippoo for renewing hostilities 15 - - 1799 The regiment ordered to take the field 16 - - ---- Action at _Mallavelly_ -- - - ---- Siege and capture of Seringapatam 17 - - ---- Death of Tippoo, and termination of the campaign 18 - - ---- Casualties of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment 19 - - ---- Authorised to bear the word “SERINGAPATAM” on the - regimental colour and appointments -- - - ---- General Orders issued on the occasion of the above - victory -- - - ---- Partition of the late Sultan’s territory 20 - - 1800 Major-General George Harris appointed colonel of the - regiment -- - - ---- The regiment employed against the Polygars 21 - - 1801 Removed to Gooty -- - - 1802 Proceeded to Bellary -- - - 1803 Returned to Gooty -- - - ---- Proceeded to Pondicherry -- - - 1804 Removed to Madras -- - - 1805 Embarked for England -- - - 1806 Disembarked at Greenwich -- - - ---- Proceeded to Scotland -- - - 1807 New colours received by the regiment 22 - - 1808 Formation of the second battalion 23 - - 1809 Discontinuance of the _Highland_ dress by the - SEVENTY-THIRD and five other regiments -- - - ---- The first battalion embarked for New South Wales 24 - - 1810 Arrival at Sydney -- - - 1812 Augmentation of establishment 25 - - 1814 The first battalion embarked for Ceylon -- - - 1814 Complimentary General Order issued on the occasion 25 - - ---- Aspect of affairs in Ceylon 27 - - 1816 Invasion of the kingdom of Candy by the British 28 - - ---- Deposition of the king of Candy, and annexation of - his territory to the British Crown -- - - 1817 Disbandment of the second battalion 30 - - ---- Reduction of the refractory Candian chiefs -- - - 1818 Casualties sustained on this service 31 - - ---- Medals struck for acts of individual gallantry 32 - - 1821 The regiment embarked for England -- - - ---- Landed at Gravesend, and proceeded to Weedon -- - - ---- Reduction of establishment -- - - 1823 The regiment proceeded to Scotland 33 - - ---- Removed to Ireland -- - - 1825 Augmentation of establishment -- - - ---- Riots in Lancashire and Yorkshire -- - - 1826 Embarked for England -- - - ---- Tranquillity restored, and return of the regiment - to Ireland 34 - - 1827 Formed into service and depôt companies -- - - ---- Service companies embarked for Gibraltar -- - - 1829 Casualties from fever at Gibraltar -- - - ---- Major-General Sir Frederick Adam, K.C.B. appointed - colonel of the regiment 35 - - ---- Service companies proceeded to Malta, and - complimentary order prior to embarkation from - Gibraltar -- - - 1830 Depôt companies removed from Ireland to Great - Britain 36 - - ---- Address from Major-General Maurice O’Connell on his - promotion from the regiment -- - - 1831 Depôt companies proceeded to Jersey 38 - - 1834 Service companies embarked for the Ionian Islands -- - - 1835 Depôt companies removed to Ireland 38 - - ---- Major-General William George Lord Harris, K.C.H. - appointed colonel of the regiment -- - - 1838 Embarkation of the service companies for Nova Scotia 39 - - ---- Service companies removed to Canada -- - - 1839 Depôt companies proceeded to Great Britain -- - - 1841 Return of the service companies to England -- - - ---- Consolidation of the regiment at Gosport -- - - 1842 Stationed at Woolwich, subsequently at Bradford, and - afterwards at Newport, in Monmouthshire -- - - 1844 Embarked for Ireland -- - - 1845 Major-General Sir Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B., appointed - colonel of the regiment -- - - ---- Formed into service and depôt companies -- - - ---- Embarkation of the former for the Cape of Good Hope -- - - ---- Detained at Monte Video -- - - 1846 Major-General Sir John Grey, K.C.B., appointed colonel - of the regiment -- - - ---- The service companies employed in the protection of - Monte Video 40 - - ---- Re-embarkation of the service companies for the Cape - of Good Hope -- - - ---- Employed against the Kaffirs -- - - 1847 Casualties on this service -- - - 1848 Removed to Cape Town -- - - 1849 Major-General Richard Goddard Hare Clarges appointed - colonel of the regiment -- - - 1850 Removal of the service companies to the frontier 41 - - 1851 Employed against the Kaffirs -- - - - - -CONTENTS - -OF THE - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF - -THE SECOND BATTALION - -OF - -THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT. - - - Year Page - - INTRODUCTION 43 - - 1808 Formation of the Second Battalion 44 - - 1809 Received volunteers from the Militia -- - - 1810 Removed from Ashborne to Derby, and subsequently to - Ashford -- - - 1811 Augmentation of establishment -- - - 1812 Removed to Deal, and afterwards to the Tower -- - - 1813 Augmentation of establishment -- - - ---- Embarked for Swedish Pomerania 45 - - ---- Joined the allied forces under Lieut.-General Count - Wallmoden -- - - ---- Action at _Gorde_ -- - - ---- The second battalion proceeded to the north of - Germany -- - - ---- Proceeded to England, but embarked, without landing, - for Holland 46 - - 1814 Bombardment of Antwerp -- - - ---- Action at _Merxem_ -- - - ---- March of the British troops to Breda 47 - - 1814 Bombardment of a detachment of the battalion in Fort - Frederick by a French gun-ship 47 - - ---- Conclusion of peace -- - - 1815 Return of Napoleon from Elba to Paris 48 - - ---- Renewal of hostilities -- - - ---- Rapid advance of Napoleon -- - - ---- The British proceeded to Charleroi 49 - - ---- Action at _Quatre Bras_ 50 - - ---- Casualties of the battalion -- - - ---- Battle of WATERLOO 51 - - ---- Casualties of the battalion 52 - - ---- Honors conferred for the victory 53 - - ---- Authorised to bear the word “WATERLOO” on the colour - and appointments -- - - ---- Return of Louis XVIII. to Paris -- - - ---- Surrender of Napoleon, and his conveyance to St. - Helena -- - - ---- Embarkation of the battalion for England 54 - - 1816 Stationed at Nottingham -- - - 1817 The second battalion disbanded -- - - 1851 CONCLUSION 55 - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF - -THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT. - - - Year Page - - 1786 Sir George Osborn, Bart. 57 - - ---- Sir William Medows 58 - - 1796 Gerard, afterward Viscount Lake 59 - - 1800 George Lord Harris, G.C.B. 61 - - 1829 The Right Honorable Sir Frederick Adam, G.C.B. 63 - - 1835 William George Lord Harris, C.B. and K.C.H. 64 - - 1845 Sir Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B. and K.C.H. 66 - - 1846 Sir John Grey, K.C.B. 68 - - 1849 Richard Goddard Hare Clarges, C.B. -- - - -APPENDIX. - - Memoir of Major-General Lachlan Macquarie 69 - - Memoir of Lieutenant-General Sir Maurice Charles - O’Connell, K.C.H. 70 - - British and Hanoverian army at Waterloo on the 18th - of June 1815 73 - - -PLATES. - - Colours of the Regiment _to face_ 1 - - Storming of Seringapatam, 4th May, 1799 ” 18 - - Costume of the Regiment ” 56 - - -[Illustration: LXXIII REGIMENT - -_Madeley lith. 3 Wellington S^t Strand_ - -_For Cannon’s Military Records_] - - - - -INTRODUCTION - -TO THE - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF THE - -SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT. - - -During the last century several corps, at successive periods, have -been borne on the establishment of the army, and numbered the -SEVENTY-THIRD; the following details are therefore prefixed to the -historical record of the services of the regiment which now bears -that number, in order to prevent its being connected with those -corps which have been designated by the same numerical title, but -whose services have been totally distinct. - - * * * * * - -In the spring of 1758, the second battalions of fifteen regiments -of infantry, from the 3rd to the 37th, were directed to be formed -into distinct regiments, and to be numbered from the 61st to the -75th successively, as follows:-- - - _Second Battalion_ _Constituted_ - 3rd Foot the 61st regiment. - 4th ” ” 62nd ” - 8th ” ” 63rd ” - 11th ” ” 64th ” - 12th ” ” 65th ” - 19th ” ” 66th ” - 20th ” ” 67th ” - 23rd ” the 68th regiment. - 24th ” ” 69th ” - 31st ” ” 70th ” - 32nd ” ” 71st ” - 33rd ” ” 72nd ” - 34th ” ” 73rd ” - 36th ” ” 74th ” - 37th ” ” 75th ” - -The 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, and 75th regiments, thus formed, were -disbanded in 1763, after the peace of Fontainebleau. - -Several other corps were likewise disbanded at this period, which -occasioned a change in the numerical titles of the following -regiments of Invalids. - - The 81st regiment (Invalids) was numbered the 71st regiment. - ” 82nd ” ” ” 72nd ” - ” 116th ” ” ” 73rd ” - ” 117th ” ” ” 74th ” - ” 118th ” ” ” 75th ” - -The 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, and 75th regiments, thus numbered, -were formed into independent companies of Invalids in the year -1769, which increased the number of Invalid Companies from eight to -twenty; they were appropriated to the following garrisons, namely -four companies at Guernsey, four at Jersey, three at Hull, two at -Chester, two at Tilbury Fort, two at Sheerness, one at Landguard -Fort, one at Pendennis, and one in the Scilly Islands. - -These numerical titles became thus extinct until October, 1775, -when the seventy-first regiment was raised. In December, 1777, -further augmentations were made to the army, and the regiments -which were directed to be raised, were numbered from the -seventy-second to the eighty-third regiment. - -The army was subsequently increased to one hundred and five -regular regiments of infantry, exclusive of eleven unnumbered -regiments, and thirty-six independent companies of Invalids. - -The conclusion of the general peace in 1783, occasioned the -disbandment of several regiments (commencing with the seventy-first -regiment), and thus changed the numerical titles of certain -regiments retained on the reduced establishment of the army. - -In 1786 the SEVENTY-THIRD was directed to be numbered the -seventy-first regiment; the seventy-eighth to be numbered the -seventy-second; and the second battalion of the forty-second to -be constituted the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment. These corps had been -directed to be raised in Scotland in 1777 and 1779, and were -denominated Highland regiments. - -The details of the services of the present SEVENTY-THIRD regiment -are contained in the following pages; the histories of the -seventy-first and seventy-second regiments are given in distinct -numbers. - - -1851 - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF - -THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT; - -ORIGINALLY RAISED AS - -THE SECOND BATTALION OF THE FORTY-SECOND ROYAL HIGHLAND REGIMENT. - - -[Sidenote: 1779] - -[Sidenote: 1780] - -The present SEVENTY-THIRD regiment was authorised, on the 30th -of July 1779, to be raised as the _Second Battalion of the -Forty-second Royal Highlanders_, and was embodied at Perth, -on the 21st of March 1780. Its establishment consisted of one -lieut.-colonel (and captain), one major (and captain), eight -captains, twelve lieutenants, eight ensigns, one chaplain, one -adjutant, one quarter-master, one surgeon, one mate, thirty -serjeants, forty corporals, twenty drummers, two pipers, and seven -hundred private men. Soon after its formation, the battalion -marched to Fort George to be drilled and disciplined, and in -the course of the year was ordered to proceed to England for -embarkation for India, where events had occurred which occasioned -reinforcements to be sent to that country. - -[Sidenote: 1781] - -Hyder Ali, a soldier of fortune, had risen to the chief command of -the army of the Ruler of Mysore, and when the Rajah died, leaving -his eldest son a minor, Hyder Ali assumed the guardianship of the -youthful prince, whom he placed under restraint, and seized on -the reins of government. Having a considerable territory under -his control, he maintained a formidable military establishment, -which he endeavoured to bring into a high state of discipline -and efficiency. He soon evinced decided hostility to the British -interests in India, and formed a league with the French. -Hostilities had also commenced between Great Britain and Holland, -and the British troops were employed in dispossessing the Dutch of -their settlements in Bengal, and on the coast of Coromandel. Thus -three powers were opposed to the British interests in India, and -the _Second Battalion of the Forty-second Royal Highland_ regiment -was ordered to proceed to that country. - -About the end of the previous year the battalion had arrived -at Gravesend from North Britain, and on the 21st of January -1781, embarked at Portsmouth for India, under the command of -Lieut.-Colonel Norman Macleod. - -One division of the regiment landed at Madras on the 18th of May: -but the other divisions, consisting of seven companies and a half, -had a voyage of thirteen months and thirteen days; they ultimately -landed at Bombay in February 1782. - -[Sidenote: 1782] - -These divisions, soon after landing, took the field, and -the battalion was subsequently united under the command of -Lieut.-Colonel Macleod, when it shared in the campaign against -Hyder Ali and his son Tippoo Saib. - -The situation of Colonel Thomas Frederick Mackenzie Humberston -(Lieut.-Colonel Commandant of the seventy-eighth, now -seventy-second regiment) who had been despatched with troops -to the Malabar coast, having become very perilous, the second -battalion of the _Forty-second_ regiment, with other troops, -proceeded to his relief at Mungarry Cottah. In the meantime Tippoo -Saib, with his usual activity, suddenly collected a body of troops, -and proceeded to cut off the force at that station. Notwithstanding -the secrecy of the expedition, Colonel Humberston received some -vague intelligence of its arrival on the northern banks of the -Coleroon, and suspecting at once the design of the enemy, destroyed -the fortifications at Mungarry Cottah, and retreated to Ramgaree; -where receiving certain information that Tippoo was approaching -with the utmost rapidity, he withdrew to _Paniané_, fighting every -step of the march. Upon arriving at the river Paniané, a deep ford, -after a search of two hours, was found, and the troops passed over, -up to the chin in water, with the loss of only two camp followers. -He gained the Fort of _Paniané_ on the 20th of November, much to -the surprise of Tippoo, who had expected an easy conquest. - -Colonel Macleod, of the second battalion of the _Forty-second_ -regiment, having arrived at _Paniané_ from Madras, the command -of the forces devolved upon him, and the place was immediately -invested by Tippoo Saib and Monsieur Lally, with an army amounting -to eight thousand infantry, including some hundreds of French and -Europeans; ten thousand cavalry, and above six thousand polygars. -The enemy kept up a considerable but ineffectual cannonade for some -days; the British commander at length endeavoured to surprise the -enemy’s camp, but after forcing an outpost or two, and taking a few -prisoners, the colonel found it necessary to relinquish the design. - -This sally was returned by Tippoo in a few days, who made a -vigorous attack with his combined army on the 28th of November, -being led by Monsieur Lally at the head of his Europeans. Tippoo’s -forces were everywhere repulsed with the greatest gallantry, and -the victors profited by their success as much as their disparity in -numbers would admit. About two hundred of the dead of the enemy, -whom he was not able to carry off, were buried by the British; and -a French officer, who led one of the columns to the attack, was -taken prisoner. Colonel Macleod and the troops under his command -acquired great praise for their gallantry at _Paniané_. - -Tippoo acknowledged his defeat by repassing the river Paniané, and -placing it as a barrier against the British. A state of inaction -succeeded on both sides for several days: but in the night between -the 11th and 12th of December, Tippoo suddenly broke up his camp, -and returned by rapid marches to Palacatcherry, from whence he -proceeded directly back to the Carnatic. - -In December 1782, occurred the decease of Hyder Ali, and he left -a kingdom of his own acquisition to his son Tippoo Saib, who now -became one of the most powerful princes in India. - -[Sidenote: 1783] - -Brigadier-General Mathews having determined to besiege the city -of _Onore_, situated midway between Paniané and Bombay, Colonel -Macleod embarked as many troops as the ships were capable of -receiving, but the place was taken in January 1783, before their -arrival. - -The President and Council of Bombay had despatched orders to -Brigadier-General Mathews, that he should penetrate through the -Ghauts, (as the passes in the mountains on both sides of the Indian -Peninsula are termed,) into the Bednore or Canara country, and -particularly to gain possession of the capital, which along with a -strong fort on a small mountain that joins the city, were the great -depositories of the treasures collected by the late Hyder Ali, as -well as the grand magazines of his arms and military stores. - -After the capture of _Onore_, Brigadier-General Mathews, in -pursuance of his orders, proceeded further down the coast, and took -the towm of Cundapore with little loss. He subsequently forced a -passage through the Ghauts, and the rich Canara kingdom, with its -capital, now lay open to the invaders. The city of Bednore had -recently changed its name to Hyder Nagur, or the Royal City of -Hyder. - -The government and command of the city and country were lodged in -the hands of Hyat Saib, who surrendered the place to the British, -after an action had taken place at the Hussanghurry Ghaut. -This occurred early in February 1783; and on the 9th of March -_Mangalore_ fell into the hands of the British. - -Tippoo Saib, who had now succeeded to the title of Sultan, -determined to use every effort for the recovery of these favorite -possessions. Having recovered Bednore, which surrendered on -the 28th of April, the Sultan, in defiance of the terms of the -capitulation, ordered Brigadier-General Mathews and his officers -into close confinement, from which they never returned, being -afterwards put to a violent death. - -Tippoo next proceeded to invest _Mangalore_, on the Malabar coast, -and it required all the abilities of Lieut.-Colonel John Campbell, -major of the _Forty-second_, seconded by the well-tried valour of -the second battalion of that regiment, and other corps, to supply -the defects of the fortifications. The place was invested on the -18th of May by the whole of the enemy’s forces, commanded by Tippoo -in person. The garrison under Lieut.-Colonel Campbell (Colonel -Macleod being employed as a Brigadier-General), made a most gallant -and successful defence, subject to hardships and wants which have -seldom been exceeded in the annals of sieges. - -In consequence of the General Peace which had been entered into -with the European Powers, Tippoo became deprived of his French -allies, and the Sultan entered into negociations for terminating -the war between Mysore and the British, when an armistice took -place. - -This event terminated the siege of _Mangalore_ about the end of -September, at a time when all the works which defended the garrison -were nearly shattered to pieces; all the provisions exhausted, and -numbers of the brave soldiers were dying daily, victims of want and -disease.[6] - -The contest was, however, again renewed, and the garrison was a -second time invested by Tippoo. - -[Sidenote: 1784] - -The fortress of _Mangalore_ was defended until the 25th of February -1784, when sickness, and the want of provisions, compelled -Lieut.-Colonel Campbell to evacuate the place, after obtaining the -most honorable terms from the enemy. Peace was afterwards concluded -with the Sultan of Mysore on the 11th of March following. - -The battalion embarked in this year for Calcutta, and was employed -on active service in the Upper Provinces of Bengal. - -[Sidenote: 1786] - -The _Seventy-third_ Highland Regiment, having in the year 1786 -been directed to be numbered the _Seventy-first_ Regiment, the -_Second Battalion_ of the _Forty-second_ Royal Highland Regiment -was constituted a distinct corps, and numbered the SEVENTY-THIRD -Highland Regiment, the colonelcy being conferred upon Major-General -Sir George Osborn, Bart., (Lieut.-Colonel of the Third Foot -Guards), from the 18th of April 1786. The facings were at the same -time altered from _blue_ to _dark green_. - -The establishment of the regiment for the ten companies serving -in India, was fixed as follows:--One colonel, with an allowance -in lieu of a company; one lieut.-colonel and captain, one major -and captain; eight captains, twelve lieutenants, eight ensigns, -one chaplain, one adjutant, one quarter-master, one surgeon, one -surgeon’s mate, thirty serjeants, forty corporals, twenty drummers, -two fifers, and seven hundred private men. The company kept at -home for recruiting consisted of one captain, one lieutenant, one -ensign, six serjeants, eight corporals, four drummers, and seventy -private men: in all nine hundred and nineteen. - -On the 11th of August 1786, Major-General William Medows was -appointed to be colonel of the SEVENTY-THIRD, in succession to -Major-General Sir George Osborn, Bart., who was removed to the -fortieth regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1789] - -The insatiable ambition of Tippoo Sultan, the powerful ruler of the -Mysore, soon involved the British Government in India in another -war; he appeared near the confines of Travancore, at the head of a -powerful army, made unreasonable demands on the Rajah, a British -ally, and commenced hostilities towards the end of December 1789. - -[Sidenote: 1790] - -This caused the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment to be removed from the -Presidency of Bengal, and it joined the troops under Major-General -Robert Abercromby, which consisted of His Majesty’s seventy-fifth -and seventy-seventh regiments, in addition to other corps belonging -to the East India Company. - -[Sidenote: 1791] - -The Mahratta armies having advanced to Seringapatam in May 1791, -later than the appointed period, their delay, and other unforeseen -circumstances, compelled General Charles Earl Cornwallis, K.G., to -destroy his battering train, after having defeated Tippoo on the -15th of May, in a pitched battle, and obliged his lordship to lead -back his army, leaving the siege of the enemy’s capital to be the -object of another campaign. - -The Bombay army, of which the SEVENTY-THIRD formed part, commanded -by Major-General Abercromby, had, with infinite labour, formed -roads, and brought a battering train, with a large supply of -provisions and stores, over fifty miles of woody mountains called -Ghauts, that immense barrier separating the Mysore country from the -Malabar coast. This army, after surmounting all its difficulties, -had therefore to retrace its steps, worn down by sickness and -fatigue, and exposed to the incessant rains which then deluged the -western coast of India. - -The troops under Major-General Abercromby were again ordered to -act from the same quarter as in the former campaign; they marched -on the 5th of December towards the Poodicherrim Ghaut, and took -possession of the pass on the 15th of that month. - -[Sidenote: 1792] - -On the 5th of February 1792, General the Earl Cornwallis directed -Major-General Abercromby to march from his encampment near -Periapatam, and on the 11th of that month he crossed the Cavery, at -Eratore, a ford about thirty miles above Seringapatam, and joined -the army under Earl Cornwallis on the 16th of February. - -Meanwhile the army under General the Earl Cornwallis had attacked -the forces of the Sultan on the night of the 6th of February, near -_Seringapatam_, and gained a decisive victory. - -The power of the Sultan being greatly reduced, and preparations for -the siege of his capital having been commenced, he sued for peace, -and a treaty was concluded, by which half of his dominions were -ceded to the allies. A large sum of money was also to be paid by -the Sultan, all the prisoners in his power were released, and two -of his sons were delivered as hostages. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -The French Revolution, which had commenced a few years previously, -had at this period assumed a character which called forth -the efforts of other countries to arrest the progress of its -destructive principles, and on the 1st of February 1793, shortly -after the decapitation of Louis XVI., war was declared by the -National Convention of France against Great Britain and Holland. - -News of this event arrived in India in May 1793; in June the -SEVENTY-THIRD regiment was ordered to prepare to take the field; -it marched soon afterwards against the French settlement of -_Pondicherry_, on the coast of Coromandel, and arrived before the -fortress in July,--being formed in brigade, with the seventy-second -and seventy-fourth regiments, and the third East India Company’s -European regiment, under Lieut.-Colonel David Baird of the -seventy-first regiment; the troops employed on this service were -commanded by Colonel John Brathwaite. - -The siege of _Pondicherry_ was commenced in the early part of -August, the army encamping in a thick wood where tigers were so -numerous, that the natives durst not travel in the night. On -the 22nd of August a white flag was displayed by the garrison, -with a request for permission to surrender. The French soldiers -in the fortress had embraced democratical principles, and were -particularly insubordinate; they insisted that the governor should -surrender, but after the white flag was displayed, they fired two -shells, which killed several men. During the night they were guilty -of every species of outrage, breaking into houses and becoming -intoxicated. On the following morning, a number of them environed -the house of the Governor, General Charmont, and threatened to hang -him before the door, when application was made to the British for -protection. The English soldiers rushed into the town, overpowered -the insurgents, rescued the governor, and preserved the inhabitants -from further violence. - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -In the early part of the year 1795, Holland became united to -France, and was styled the Batavian republic. When information of -this event arrived in India, an expedition was immediately fitted -out against the large and mountainous island of _Ceylon_, where the -Dutch had several settlements, and the SEVENTY-THIRD Highlanders -were selected to take part in the enterprise; the troops employed -on this service were commanded by Colonel James Stuart, of the -seventy-second, who was promoted to the rank of Major-General at -this period. The fleet arrived on the coast of Ceylon on the 1st -of August, and two days afterwards they landed four miles north of -the Fort of _Trincomalee_; the siege of the place was commenced -as soon as the artillery and stores could be landed, and removed -sufficiently near to the place. On the 26th of August a practicable -breach was effected, and the garrison surrendered. The fort of -_Batticaloe_ surrendered on the 18th of September, and the fort -and island of _Manaar_ capitulated on the 5th of October. - -[Sidenote: 1796] - -The regiment continued to be actively employed until the whole -of the Dutch settlements in Ceylon were reduced, which was -accomplished in February, 1796, when the governor, John Geraud Van -Angelbeck, surrendered the fortress of _Colombo_ to the British -arms. The people in the interior of the island had not been -deprived of their independence by the Dutch, and they were not -interfered with by the British so long as they preserved a peaceful -demeanour. - -Major-General Gerard Lake was removed from the colonelcy of the -fifty-third to that of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment on the 2nd of -November, 1796, in succession to Lieut.-General Sir William Medows, -K.B., who was appointed colonel of the seventh dragoon guards. - -[Sidenote: 1797] - -In April 1797, the regiment proceeded from Colombo to Point -Pedro, in Ceylon, and shortly afterwards embarked for Madras. It -was removed from Fort St. George to Wallajahbad in October, but -returned to Fort St. George in January, 1798. - -[Sidenote: 1798] - -The regiment proceeded from Fort St. George to Poonamallee in -September, 1798, and continued at that station during the remainder -of the year. - -The reduction of the power and resources of Tippoo Saib, effected -by the treaty of Seringapatam in 1792, had weakened, but not -extinguished, the evils consequent on his inveterate hatred of -the British. The Sultan had entered into a negociation with the -Governor of the Isle of France in 1798, and sent an embassy to -Zemaun Shah, sovereign of Cabool, for the purpose of exciting -him to an attack on the British possessions. Having also derived -encouragement from the successes of Napoleon Bonaparte in Egypt, -from which country the French Directory intended to act against -the British dominions in India, Tippoo commenced augmenting his -military force, and his hostile designs became every day more -apparent. The Governor-General the Earl of Mornington (afterwards -the Marquis Wellesley), seeing a rupture inevitable, resolved to -anticipate the attack, and ordered the British army to take the -field, and march into the heart of the dominions of the Sultan -Tippoo Saib. - -[Sidenote: 1799] - -In conformity to these orders, Major-General George (afterwards -Lord) Harris, who was serving with the local rank of -lieut.-general, advanced with the army under his command, on the -11th of February, 1799, and entered the Mysore territory on the 5th -of March. The SEVENTY-THIRD formed part of the second brigade under -Colonel John Coape Sherbroke, Lieut.-Colonel of the thirty-third -regiment. - -The army reached Mallavelly on the 27th of March, when on -approaching the ground of encampment, the forces of Tippoo Sultan -were discovered drawn up on a height at a few miles distance. -The advanced piquets were attacked by the enemy, and a general -action ensued. The enemy lost one thousand killed and wounded, and -immediately retreated upon Seringapatam. - -On the following day the army advanced, and arrived before -Seringapatam on the 5th of April, when preparations for the siege -were commenced. - -On the 20th of April an attack was made on an entrenchment of -the enemy, about six o’clock in the evening. Colonel Sherbroke, -commanding the advanced posts, directed the attack. Three different -columns were to advance at the same time from Macdonald’s post; -one to the left, under Lieut.-Colonel Michael Monypenny, of the -SEVENTY-THIRD, consisting of four companies of that regiment, and -four of the Bengal volunteers, was to proceed along the bank of the -river Cavery, and to turn the right flank of the enemy’s entrenched -post. Another, to the right, consisting of the flank companies of -the twelfth regiment, and two companies of Bengal volunteers, under -Lieut.-Colonel Gardiner, was to move along Macdonald’s nullah, -and to turn the enemy’s left. The centre column, composed of six -companies of the SEVENTY-THIRD, and four of the Bengal volunteers, -under Brevet Lieut.-Colonel the Honorable George St. John, (Major -of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment), was directed to make a feint, -which was to be converted into a real attack, should it be deemed -expedient. - -The three columns at dusk, advanced under a well-directed fire from -the guns which commanded the entrenchment. The enemy’s resistance -was unavailing, and the several attacks were completely successful. -It was afterwards ascertained, that the enemy had two hundred -and fifty men in killed and wounded, and it is remarkable, that -although about eighteen hundred of Tippoo’s infantry occupied -the entrenchment, the British, in this attack, had only one man -wounded.[7] - -The siege of Seringapatam was prosecuted with vigour. On the 26th -of April, the SEVENTY-THIRD had Lieutenant James Todd wounded; and -Lieutenant Archibald John Maclean was wounded on the following day. -A breach being reported practicable on the 3rd of May, the assault -was ordered, and the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment was selected to take -part in this enterprise, which was ordered to be commenced in the -heat of the following day, as the enemy’s troops would then be the -least prepared to oppose the attack. - -The assault took place about half-past one o’clock in the afternoon -of the 4th of May, and the troops for this service, commanded -by Major-General David Baird, were divided into two columns of -attack. The SEVENTY-THIRD, with the seventy-fourth regiment, -four European flank companies, fourteen Sepoy flank companies, -with fifty artillerymen, formed the right column, under Colonel -Sherbroke. Each column was preceded by one serjeant and twelve men, -volunteers, supported by an advanced party of one subaltern and -twenty-five men. A brigade of engineers, under Captain Caldwell, -accompanied the storming party; Lieutenant James Farquhar, of the -seventy-fourth, commanded the European pioneers, and Lieutenant -John Lalor, of the SEVENTY-THIRD, both of whom had examined the -ford, conducted the columns. - -The attack was completely successful, and in a short space of time -the British colours waved over the fortress. The body of Tippoo -Sultan was found among heaps of slain, and was afterwards interred -in the magnificent mausoleum which he had erected over the tomb -of his father, the once powerful Hyder Ali; a portion of the -victorious troops attended the ceremony. - -In this manner terminated the siege of _Seringapatam_,[8] and the -fall of this capital placed the kingdom of Mysore at the disposal -of the British government, and extinguished a power in India which -had proved itself a formidable enemy. - -[Illustration: STORMING OF SERINGAPATAM 4^{TH} MAY 1799. - -_Madeley lith. 3 Wellington S^t Strand_ - -_For Cannon’s Military Records._] - -In the assault on the 4th of May, the SEVENTY-THIRD had -Lieutenant John Lalor killed; Captain William McLeod, Lieutenant -John Thomas, and Ensigns Henry Antill and John Guthrie, wounded. - -During the siege the regiment sustained a loss of twenty-one -killed, and ninety-nine wounded, including all ranks. - -The SEVENTY-THIRD afterwards received the Royal authority to bear -on the regimental colour and appointments, the word “SERINGAPATAM,” -in commemoration of the distinguished gallantry displayed by the -regiment in the storming and capture of that fortress. - -In the General Orders issued on the 5th of May by Lieut.-General -Harris, the gallantry of Lieut.-Colonel Michael Monypenny, and -Brevet Lieut.-Colonel the Honorable George St. John, of the -SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, is particularly recorded. - -In the General Orders issued by the Earl of Mornington (afterwards -the Marquis Wellesley), dated Fort St. George, 15th May, 1799, it -was stated:-- - -“The Right Honorable the Governor-General in Council having this -day received from the Commander-in-Chief of the allied army in the -field, the official detail of the glorious and decisive victory -obtained at Seringapatam, on the 4th of May, offers his cordial -thanks and sincere congratulations to the Commander-in-Chief, -and to all the officers and men composing the gallant army which -achieved the capture of the capital of Mysore on that memorable day. - -“His Lordship views with admiration, the consummate judgment with -which the assault was planned, the unequalled rapidity, animation, -and skill with which it was executed, and the humanity which -distinguished its success. - -“Under the favour of Providence and the justice of our cause, the -established character of the army had inspired an early confidence, -that the war, in which we were engaged, would be brought to a -speedy, prosperous, and honorable issue: but the events of the -4th of May, while they even surpassed the sanguine expectations -of the Governor-General in Council, have raised the reputation -of the British arms in India to a degree of splendour and glory, -unrivalled in the military history of this quarter of the globe, -and seldom approached in any part of the world. - -“The lustre of the victory can be equalled only by the substantial -advantages which it promises to establish, in restoring the peace -and safety of the British possessions in India on a durable -foundation of genuine security.” - -Upon the division of the territory subject to the late Sultan -Tippoo, Seringapatam, with several extensive districts, was -allotted to the East India Company; another portion was given -to the Nizam; and a third to the Mahratta power; the remainder -continued to form an independent state under a descendant of the -ancient Rajahs of Mysore. Thus was the hostile combination against -England confounded, the British territory extended, and its power -and revenue increased. - -The SEVENTY-THIRD regiment remained encamped until November, 1799, -when it was selected to garrison Seringapatam. - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -Major-General George Harris was appointed, from lieut.-colonel of -the seventy-sixth, to the colonelcy of the SEVENTY-THIRD, on the -14th of February, 1800, in succession to Lieut.-General Gerard -Lake, who was removed to the eightieth regiment. - -The regiment remained at Seringapatam until May, 1800. The -SEVENTY-THIRD, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Michael -Monypenny, afterwards served with distinction against the Polygars, -during which campaign great exertions were made, and losses -sustained, of which no distinct record has been preserved. - -[Sidenote: 1801] - -In October, 1801, the regiment was removed from its encampment to -Gooty. - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -The regiment remained at Gooty until December 1802, when it -proceeded to Bellary. - -[Sidenote: 1803] - -In July, 1803, the regiment returned to Gooty, and in September -following, it proceeded to Pondicherry, in the capture of which -place it had participated in the year 1793. - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -The SEVENTY-THIRD remained at Pondicherry until September, 1804, -when the regiment proceeded to Fort St. George, Madras, where it -continued to be stationed during the remainder of the year. - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -On the 8th of September, 1805, the SEVENTY-THIRD embarked at Fort -St. George, Madras, for England, after having transferred five -hundred and twelve men to other regiments serving in India. - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -The regiment arrived in England in the beginning of July, 1806, -and disembarked at Greenwich, where it was quartered until the -middle of November, when, after discharging the men recommended -to be invalided, the remainder proceeded to Scotland, on board -of some Leith packets. Shortly after the disembarkation of the -SEVENTY-THIRD at Leith, the head-quarters of the regiment proceeded -to Stirling Castle, from whence recruiting parties were sent to all -the towns in Scotland, and some to England and Ireland, as far as -officers were disposable for that service. - -[Sidenote: 1807] - -In February, 1807, the regiment was ordered from Stirling Castle -to Glasgow, as a better recruiting station; but not having proved -as successful there as was expected, it was removed in May -following to Perth, which, from being the town where the regiment -was originally embodied, was expected to prove a better recruiting -station. - -In 1807 the regiment received new colours and accoutrements from -Lieut.-General George Harris, and was newly armed and equipped in -that year. - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -On the passing of the Act, in the year 1808, for permitting a -certain number of the militia of the United Kingdom to volunteer -their services to regiments of the line, the SEVENTY-THIRD -received a very considerable augmentation of force by volunteers, -particularly from the Irish militia. The number received from the -Scotch regiments of militia, allotted for the SEVENTY-THIRD, was -not at all in the same proportion, and the only English corps -allotted to it was the Stafford militia, from which thirty-three -men volunteered, a circumstance totally unexpected, from the -dislike English soldiers were known to entertain to the Highland -uniform. - -In December, 1808, the regiment, being then about four hundred rank -and file, received orders to proceed to England, to embark for New -South Wales, and commenced its march from Perth on the 26th of that -month. - -On the order for the embarkation of the regiment for New South -Wales, a second battalion was added to the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, -which was directed to be placed on the establishment of the army -from the 24th of December, 1808. It was ordered to consist, in -the first instance, of four companies. When these companies were -completed to a hundred rank and file each, the battalion was to be -augmented to six companies, and so on, in succession, until the -establishment was increased to one thousand. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -On the 13th of January, 1809, the regiment embarked at Leith on -board of four packets, and the whole arrived in the course of that, -and the beginning of the following month, at Gravesend, where the -men were transhipped into two transports, and ordered round to -Spithead. In March the regiment was landed at Cowes, in the Isle of -Wight, marched to Newport, whence, after a few days, it was ordered -to Colwell barracks. - -A second volunteering from the militia took place in April, 1809, -by which the SEVENTY-THIRD received a considerable increase of -numbers, particularly from the Stafford, West Middlesex, and Durham -regiments. - -In April, 1809, officers and non-commissioned officers were -detached to recruit for the second battalion, the head-quarters of -which were fixed at Nottingham.[9] - -It appearing that the Highland dress was an obstacle to the -recruiting of the regiments wearing that costume, orders were -issued, directing the SEVENTY-THIRD, and five other regiments, to -discontinue that dress, and to adopt the uniform of other English -regiments.[10] - -While at Colwell barracks, sixty men, who had volunteered from -veteran battalions to serve at New South Wales, were transferred -to the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, and were ordered to embark with -the first battalion for that colony, which, by the addition of -these men, and of the volunteers from the militia, was now upwards -of eight hundred strong, and its establishment was fixed at ten -companies, consisting of fifty-four serjeants, twenty-two drummers, -and a thousand rank and file. - -The first battalion embarked on the 8th of May, 1809, at Yarmouth, -in the Isle of Wight, on board of His Majesty’s ships “Hindoostan” -and “Dromedary,” and sailed from St. Helen’s on the 25th of that -month. The fleet touched at Madeira, Port Praya, Rio Janeiro, and -at the Cape of Good Hope, and anchored at Port Jackson, New South -Wales, on the 28th of December. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -The battalion landed at Sydney on the 1st of January, 1810, and -detachments were sent out in the course of that, and the two -following months, to the Derwent and Port Dalrymple, in Van -Diemen’s Land; to Norfolk Island, and to Newcastle, whence Sydney, -the capital of the colony, was supplied with coals, lime, and cedar -wood, for buildings and making furniture. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -The first battalion of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment having been -considerably reinforced by volunteers from the hundred-and-second -regiment (late New South Wales corps), which it relieved at -New South Wales, and which was ordered home, its establishment -was raised, in the year 1812, to twelve hundred rank and file, -which included a veteran company formed from the veterans of the -hundred-and-second regiment, and attached to the SEVENTY-THIRD, -while the battalion continued to serve at New South Wales, and was, -on its leaving that colony, transferred to the forty-sixth regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -About the end of the year 1813, an order arrived from England to -embark the first battalion of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment for the -island of Ceylon, and the first division, consisting of three -companies, sailed from Port Jackson on board the ship “Earl -Spencer,” hired for the passage, on the 24th of January, 1814. On -the 24th of March two more divisions embarked on board the “General -Hewitt” and “Windham,” and sailed from Port Jackson on the 5th -of April; but the “Windham” being ordered to the Derwent to take -on board the two companies stationed at Van Diemen’s Land, the -“General Hewitt,” having the head-quarters and flank companies -on board, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Maurice Charles -O’Connell, after a very circuitous voyage round New Guinea, New -Britain, and through the Molucca islands, arrived at Colombo, in -Ceylon, on the 17th of August. - -Prior to the embarkation of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment from New -South Wales, Major-General Lachlan Macquarie,[11] commanding in -New South Wales, stated in General Orders, dated 17th March, 1814, -that-- - -“On the occasion of parting with the first battalion of the -SEVENTY-THIRD regiment His Excellency Major-General Macquarie, -the Governor and Commander of the Forces in this territory, -cannot fail to express the warm feelings of interest he takes in -the corps, which he has commanded for six years; and to assure -them, that no additional prosperity or honor, to which they may be -entitled, in the part of the world where they are now destined to -serve, and where they have already obtained so large a portion of -well-earned fame, can exceed his sanguine wishes and expectations. - -“This station has not afforded the usual field for military -glory; but in as far as the industrious exertions of those -non-commissioned officers and privates, who could be spared from -military duty, have been exerted, this colony is much indebted -for many useful improvements, which but for the soldiers of -the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, must have remained only in the -contemplation of those anxious for its civilization for a length -of time, and the Major-General cannot doubt but that the comforts -enjoyed by the colonists, in consequence of the zealous and -laborious exertions of the soldiers of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, -will long be remembered with grateful recollections. - -“Major-General Macquarie feels particular satisfaction in rendering -his best acknowledgments to Lieut.-Colonel O’Connell for his -attention to the discipline of the corps, and the health and -comfort of the soldiers under his immediate command, and also for -his zealous and assiduous attention to the duties devolving on him -as Lieut.-Governor, during the Governor’s necessary and occasional -absence from head-quarters. - -“To the field-officers, captains, and subalterns, of the -SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, the Major-General desires to offer his -best wishes for their health and happiness, and particularly -to those with whom he has had a long acquaintance, and whose -worth and honorable sentiments he is thereby the more fully -enabled to appreciate; and he has no doubt but that the martial -appearance, and strength of the corps, so far surpassing what is -generally to be met with, will call forth feelings of surprise and -gratification, wherever their services are required. - -“Under these impressions, Major-General Macquarie now takes leave -of the regiment, with that regret which a long acquaintance -naturally inspires, but at the same time with the consolatory -assurance that the SEVENTY-THIRD will show themselves at all times -worthy of the respect and esteem which cannot fail to be paid to -military bravery and unshaken loyalty.” - -The “Windham” having made nearly the same voyage as the “General -Hewitt,” after leaving Van Diemen’s Land, did not arrive at Ceylon -until the 6th of November.[12] - -In the meantime the reigning sovereign of Candy had evinced so -cruel and tyrannical a disposition, that he became odious to his -subjects, who experienced a total insecurity of life and property -under his rule, individuals being frequently deprived of both at -the caprice of the king. The governor of one of his provinces was -summoned to appear at the capital; but this chief, expecting that -the sacrifice of his life, and the seizure of his property, were -intended, did not obey the mandate. The king assembled an army, -overpowered the forces of the disobedient chief, and forced him to -fly for protection to the British settlements in the island. - -In addition to this oppressive tyranny over his own subjects, the -King of Candy, elated with his success against the refractory -chief, prepared to invade the British territory, against the -frontier of which he had long carried on occasional hostilities. He -had also inflicted cruelties on some British subjects, who had gone -into his dominions on trading speculations. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -These circumstances occasioned Lieut.-General Robert Brownrigg, the -Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Island of Ceylon, to render -assistance to the natives to throw off the yoke, and at the same -time preserve the English provinces from aggression, by invading -the kingdom of Candy. The British troops advanced into the kingdom -of Candy in seven divisions, in the beginning of February 1815, and -detachments were formed from the SEVENTY-THIRD, and attached to -four or five divisions of the invading army. - -The soldiers underwent great fatigue in crossing mountains, passing -morasses and rivers, and traversing regions inhabited only by -the wild beasts of the forest; they succeeded in overcoming all -opposition, and arrived at the capital in the middle of February. -The king had fled with a small number of his Malabar adherents; but -on the 18th of February, he was surrounded, and made prisoner by -his own subjects, who showed the utmost detestation of the tyrant. - -A solemn conference was held between the British Governor and the -Candian chiefs, and the assembly declared the Malabar dynasty -deposed, and the provinces of Candy united to the dominions of the -British Crown. Thus was an extensive tract of country, bountifully -endowed with natural gifts, and producing the necessaries and -luxuries of life, including spices, metals, and precious stones, -added to the British dominions; a numerous race of human beings, of -a peculiarly interesting character, was delivered from the power of -despotism, and brought under the advantages of the just government -and equitable laws of Great Britain. Every species of torture was -immediately abolished; but the ancient religion of the inhabitants, -and the former mode of administering justice, were preserved. -The conduct of the British troops was highly meritorious, and -reflected credit on the several corps employed in this enterprise; -the soldiers abstained from plunder and violence, and behaved with -such order and regularity as to conciliate the inhabitants, whose -condition, improved by a policy founded on liberal ideas, and -exhibiting enlarged views, prepared the way for their emancipation -from the errors of superstition, and their introduction to the -advantages of Christianity, and of European arts, sciences, and -commerce. - -While the first battalion of the SEVENTY-THIRD was thus employed, -the _Second Battalion_ had acquired the word “WATERLOO” for the -regimental colour and appointments, in commemoration of its -distinguished services in that memorable battle, which terminated -the lengthened war in which the powers of Europe had been engaged. - -A portion of the British troops occupied posts in the -newly-acquired territory, and the corps not required for this duty -returned to their former quarters. The first battalion of the -SEVENTY-THIRD regiment was again stationed at Colombo. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -During the year 1816 the battalion continued to be stationed at -Colombo. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -In the month of September 1817, intimation was received at Colombo, -that several Candian chiefs, who were hostile to British interests, -were making preparations in various parts of the interior provinces -of Ceylon, in favour of a new claimant to the throne of Candy, who -subsequently arrived in the island from the continent of India, -and they actually commenced hostilities on the 25th of October, -1817, by the murder of a native Mahandiram in Ouva, and by that -of Mr. Wilson, the collector of that place, who had gone out to -remonstrate with the natives assembled in the vicinity of Badulah. - -Detachments from all the regiments stationed in Ceylon were in -consequence ordered into the interior, and the SEVENTY-THIRD -furnished for this service nearly the whole of the officers and men -fit to march. - -[Sidenote: 1818] - -The head-quarters of the battalion were transferred, in December -1817, from Colombo to Trincomalee, and a detachment from the -second battalion, which had been disbanded on the 4th of May, of -this year, having arrived from England at the latter port, it was -immediately ordered into the interior, where the rebellion had -become general in the beginning of 1818. - -On this service the battalion lost ten officers, and three hundred -and sixty-six men, of whom only one officer (Lieutenant John -Maclaine) and about twenty men were killed, or died of wounds -inflicted by the enemy, the remainder having fallen victims to -the unhealthiness of the climate, which even after the rebellion -was subdued, continued to prove fatal to the officers and men who -remained on service in the interior. The frequent exposure to the -sun, and the heavy dews at night (when detachments were constantly -on the march, particularly in the mountainous districts, where the -enemy could not be surprised by day) together with a scarcity of -provisions, brought on the jungle fever to an alarming extent, and -had not an auxiliary force been sent from Madras, the interior of -the island must of necessity have been evacuated. - -In this harassing campaign, the superiority of the British over the -native troops acting with them, was very evident; small parties -only could be employed with effect, and therefore, more individual -courage and exertion were required than with large bodies, where -the excitement is much greater. The want of surgical aid was -severely felt, and the officers at last, with the assistance of -manuscript instructions, administered medicine, dressed wounds, -and, on some occasions, performed trifling operations. Besides -fever and dysentery, leech-bites were the occasion of many -casualties. - -The peculiar kind of warfare carried on during this campaign, -afforded many opportunities for the officers and men to distinguish -themselves. The following, among many instances, is deserving of -record. A very small party of the SEVENTY-THIRD, in charge of -Lance-Corporal Richard McLoughlin, was furiously attacked on its -march to Badulah, by a numerous force; two men were killed, and the -rest, instead of leaving their deceased comrades to the Candians, -who generally mutilated the remains of British soldiers, divided; -part remained in charge of the bodies, and the other portion, at an -equal risk, proceeded to Badulah, a few miles distant, and returned -with a reinforcement, that enabled them to carry off their deceased -comrades, in spite of the exertions of the enemy to the contrary. - -For this gallant conduct, medals were struck by the Ceylon -Government for the following men, who, however, died of fever -before they could be issued, namely, Lance-Corporal Richard -McLoughlin, Privates John Wilson, Christopher Sheppard, and William -Connor. - -Whether the WATERLOO medals worn by the men who formerly belonged -to the _Second Battalion_, caused an extraordinary emulation -amongst the other soldiers of the SEVENTY-THIRD is a question; it -is, however, matter of fact, that their conduct during the whole of -the campaign gave not only their own officers, but those of other -corps, the highest satisfaction. - -[Sidenote: 1819] - -In 1819, the nineteenth regiment was ordered home from Ceylon, when -one hundred and seventy-two men volunteered to the SEVENTY-THIRD -regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1821] - -Upon the SEVENTY-THIRD being directed to proceed to England in -1821, all the men fit for service in a tropical climate were -permitted to volunteer, in the first instance, to regiments in -Ceylon, and ultimately to His Majesty’s regiments stationed in the -territories of the East India Company. - -A detachment of one subaltern, three serjeants, one drummer, and -forty-six rank and file, embarked as _Marines_ on board of His -Majesty’s ship “Alligator,” on the 22nd of May, 1821; the remainder -of the regiment embarked at Trincomalee on the 25th of June -following, and landed at Gravesend on the 10th of November. It was -then ordered to proceed to the barracks at Weedon, to which place -the depôt of the regiment had been a short time before removed -from Chichester, and where most of the men brought home were soon -afterwards invalided. - -The establishment of the regiment was, on its arrival, reduced to -eight companies, forming a total of four field officers, eight -captains, sixteen subalterns, five staff, twenty-nine serjeants, -twelve drummers, twenty-four corporals, and five hundred and -fifty-two privates. - -[Sidenote: 1823] - -In March, 1823, the regiment was ordered to proceed to Hull, and -to furnish detachments at Chester, Carlisle, and Tynemouth: in May -it marched to Edinburgh Castle, furnishing detachments at Glasgow, -Stirling and Dumbarton Castles, and at Fort William. - -In December, 1823, the regiment embarked at Port Patrick for -Ireland, and was stationed at Castlebar, furnishing twelve small -detachments within the limits of the counties of Mayo and Galway. - -[Sidenote: 1824] - -[Sidenote: 1825] - -The regiment was assembled at Athlone in June, 1824, where it was -quartered until July, 1825, when the head-quarters were removed to -Naas, and detachments were furnished to Drogheda, Wicklow, Trim, -and some villages in the counties of Kildare and Wicklow. - -In 1825, the regiment was augmented to ten companies, consisting, -while at home, of forty-two serjeants (including six staff -serjeants), fourteen drummers, and seven hundred and forty rank -and file; when ordered on foreign service to be divided into six -service companies, of four serjeants, and eighty-six rank and file -each; and four depôt companies for home service, consisting each of -three serjeants, one drummer, and fifty-six rank and file. - -[Sidenote: 1826] - -In November, 1825, the regiment was reunited in the Royal Barracks -at Dublin, where it continued until May, 1826, when, in consequence -of riots in the manufacturing towns in Lancashire and Yorkshire, it -was ordered to proceed to England. The head-quarters were fixed at -Halifax, and detachments were sent to Huddersfield, Bradford, and -to various other towns. - -Tranquillity being restored in the above counties, the regiment -was ordered to return to Dublin in July, 1826, and from thence it -proceeded in August to occupy its former quarters at Naas, and the -outposts. - -In December following, the regiment received orders to march -to Waterford, furnishing detachments at Kilkenny, Wexford, -Carrick-on-Suir, and Duncannon Fort. - -[Sidenote: 1827] - -In August, 1827, the regiment was ordered to Fermoy, preparatory -to embarkation, where in the course of the month, the service and -depôt companies were formed. - -The service companies embarked at Cove for Gibraltar towards the -end of August and beginning of the following month, and arrived at -their destination on the 10th, 17th, and 24th of September. - -The depôt companies remained in Ireland during this and the two -following years. - -[Sidenote: 1828] - -During the prevalence of the contagious and dreadful fever which -visited Gibraltar in the year 1828, the SEVENTY-THIRD were encamped -with the twenty-third Royal Welsh Fusiliers on Europa Flats, from -the 10th of October to the 17th of January, 1829. - -[Sidenote: 1829] - -The casualties in the SEVENTY-THIRD were, compared with the other -regiments in that garrison, fortunately limited to a small number. -Out of nine officers and one hundred and ninety-six privates, who -were attacked with the disease, only two officers and thirty-five -men proved fatal cases. Lieutenant Hedworth Huddleston Williamson, -and Assistant Surgeon John Gordon Fraser were the officers; the -latter, though a very young assistant, fell a victim to his zeal -for the service. - -Whether the comparatively few casualties were attributable to the -successful practice of the Surgeon George Martin, or some other -accidental cause, can be only matter of conjecture. One thing, -however, is certain, that His Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor, -as well as numerous other officers unconnected with the regiment, -acknowledged, in the most public manner, the talents and attention -of Surgeon Martin, of the SEVENTY-THIRD, on this trying occasion. - -Major-General Sir Frederick Adam, K.C.B., was appointed colonel of -the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment on the 22nd of May, 1829, in succession -to General George Lord Harris, G.C.B., deceased. - -In December, 1829, the service companies embarked for Malta, where -the last division arrived on the 31st of that month. - -On the departure of the SEVENTY-THIRD from Gibraltar, His -Excellency the Lieut.-Governor, General Sir George Don, G.C.B., -issued the following order:-- - - “_Head Quarters, - Gibraltar, 2nd December, 1829._ - - “His Excellency the Lieut.-Governor is desirous to express to - the SEVENTY-THIRD, on their departure from this garrison, the - satisfaction afforded him by their regular and orderly conduct - during the period of upwards of two years that they have been - under his command, and he feels peculiar pleasure in noticing, - that in no instance has any individual of this corps been - reported to him for any irregularity on duty during the above - period. - - “To the officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates of this - regiment, His Excellency offers his thanks, and more particularly - to Colonel O’Connell, whose zeal and constant attention must have - so essentially contributed to maintain the discipline and good - order of the corps under his command.” - -The first two divisions of the regiment embarked on board the “Lord -Suffield” and “Stentor” transports on the 2nd of December, and -sailed the same day; the last division (head-quarters) embarked on -board the “Henry Porcher” on the 8th. The first two ships reached -Malta on the 20th of December, and performed the usual quarantine -in the Lazaretto; but the “Henry Porcher” experienced such severe -weather on the 10th and 11th off Capo de Gato, that she had to put -back again to Gibraltar in distress. She, however, sailed again -on the 15th, and the men landed in the Lazaretto on the 1st of -January, 1830. - -[Sidenote: 1830] - -In February, 1830, the depôt companies were removed from Ireland to -Great Britain. - -The service companies remained in St. Elmo barracks during the -year 1830, and at the periodical inspection which took place in -April, the Commanding Officer (Colonel O’Connell), by desire -of Major-General the Honorable Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby, -Lieut.-Governor of Malta, issued the following order:-- - - “_Valetta, 5th April, 1830._ - - “The Commanding Officer has great pleasure in complying with the - desire of the Major-General commanding, that he should express - in regimental orders the General’s perfect satisfaction with - everything he has this day seen of the regiment.” - -On the 22nd of July, 1830, Colonel Maurice Charles O’Connell was -promoted to the rank of Major-General; and on the 25th of the -ensuing month the following farewell address was read to the -regiment:-- - -“Major-General O’Connell, being removed from the SEVENTY-THIRD -regiment by promotion, avails himself of the kindness of Major -Lloyd, now commanding officer of the regiment, to address to it a -few farewell words. - -“The Major-General cannot contemplate his separation from a corps, -endeared to him by all those sacred ties which bind the members of -a family together, and which have, in their fullest sense, existed -between him and the regiment for a period of nearly twenty-five -years, that he has almost uninterruptedly commanded it in so many -parts of His Majesty’s dominions, at home and abroad, without -experiencing sensations which he would find it impossible to -describe here, but which he feels most acutely. He will content -himself with requesting the officers of the regiment, generally, -to accept his most sincere thanks for the kindness that he -experienced from them, and for the uniform, undeviating attention -they have paid to his orders, and to his suggestions for the good -of the regiment; where every officer merited his approbation, -the Major-General cannot particularise individuals, but he feels -himself called on by a sense of justice, as well as of duty, and -he certainly has great pleasure in obeying that call, to offer to -his friend Lieutenant and Adjutant Russell his most particular -thanks for the zealous and effectual aid he has ever received from -him in the discharge of every duty, and to declare, that to the -exertions and abilities of this meritorious officer he is mainly -indebted for the high state of discipline which has characterised -the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, in every garrison where it has been -stationed. - -“To the non-commissioned officers and men, he begs to express his -thanks for, and his approbation of, their uniform good conduct, -which he exhorts them to persevere in, as the surest means of -insuring to themselves the approbation of their superiors, -exemptions from punishment, and of preparing them for acquiring -honor and glory, when called to meet the enemies of their country -in the field. - -“The Major-General will conclude by assuring both officers and -men, that their happiness and glory will be for ever dear to -him, and that to the latest day of his life he will consider the -SEVENTY-THIRD regiment as part of his family, whose interests are -inseparably interwoven with his own. Should any fortunate event -ever enable him to promote the general welfare of the regiment, or -the individual interest of any of its members, whether officers, -non-commissioned officers, or privates, he hopes it is needless for -him to declare with what pleasure he shall avail himself of the -opportunity. - -“He now, with sincerest good wishes for the health, happiness, and -glory of the whole, bids them adieu.”[13] - -[Sidenote: 1831] - -In October, 1831, the depôt companies proceeded to Jersey. - -[Sidenote: 1834] - -On the 12th of April, 1834, the service companies embarked at Malta -for the Ionian islands. - -[Sidenote: 1835] - -In September, 1835, the depôt companies embarked at Portsmouth for -Cork. - -Major-General William George Lord Harris, K.C.H., was removed from -the colonelcy of the eighty-sixth to that of the SEVENTY-THIRD -regiment on the 4th of December, 1835, in succession to -Lieut.-General the Right Honorable Sir Frederick Adam, K.C.B., who -was appointed colonel of the fifty-seventh regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1838] - -The service companies embarked at Zante for Gibraltar on the 21st -of January, 1838, and arrived at that fortress in the following -month. In April and May of that year they proceeded to Nova Scotia, -and in July, 1838, were removed to Canada. - -[Sidenote: 1839] - -In June, 1839, the depôt companies were removed from Ireland to -Great Britain. - -[Sidenote: 1841] - -The service companies embarked at Quebec for England on the 5th -June, 1841, and arrived at Gosport in July, at which place they -were stationed during the remainder of the year. - -[Sidenote: 1842] - -In April, 1842, the regiment proceeded to Woolwich, and in August -to Bradford, from whence it was removed in September to Newport, in -Monmouthshire. - -[Sidenote: 1843] - -During the year 1843 the regiment remained at Newport. - -[Sidenote: 1844] - -The regiment embarked by divisions at Newport, on the 8th and 16th -of August, 1844, and disembarked at Kingstown, Dublin, on the -11th and 19th of that month. In December, the regiment moved from -Richmond to the Royal Barracks at Dublin. - -[Sidenote: 1845] - -Major-General Sir Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B., was appointed colonel -of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment on the 10th of June, 1845, in -succession to Lieut.-General William George Lord Harris, K.C.H., -deceased. - -The service companies, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Charles -Jowett Vander Meulen, embarked at Cork in H.M. troop-ship “Apollo” -on the 29th of September, 1845, for the Cape of Good Hope. In -consequence, however, of political events in South America, -they were required (together with the reserve battalion of the -forty-fifth regiment) by the British minister at Rio Janeiro to -proceed to the river Plate, and they were disembarked at Monte -Video in January, 1846. - -[Sidenote: 1846] - -On the 3rd of April, 1846, Major-General Sir John Grey, K.C.B., was -appointed colonel of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, in succession to -Major-General Sir Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B. and K.C.H., who was -killed on the 10th of February, 1846, at the battle of Sobraon. - -While the service companies were stationed at Monte Video, from -January to July, 1846, they were employed in the protection of the -town, and of the British merchants and inhabitants, against an -Argentine force under General Oribe, who was investing the place. - -[Sidenote: 1847] - -In July, the service companies were re-embarked for the Cape of -Good Hope, and arrived at Cape Town in August. After landing their -sick, they were ordered to proceed to Waterloo Bay, near to the -Great Fish River, there to disembark, and join the troops employed -in the field against the Kaffirs, on which arduous duty the -regiment was subsequently employed. - -From the 1st of January to the 3rd of February, 1847, and from the -10th of September to the end of the year, the service companies -were engaged in active field operations against the Kaffirs. On -this service the SEVENTY-THIRD had the following officers killed, -namely, Captain William Baker, Lieutenants Clarevaulx Faunt, and -the Honorable William John Granville Chetwynd, Ensign William -Burnop, and Surgeon Neil Stewart Campbell. - -[Sidenote: 1848] - -In January, 1848, the service companies proceeded to Fort Grey, -where the head-quarters were stationed until July following, and in -October they were removed from Fort D’Urban to Cape Town. - -[Sidenote: 1849] - -Major-General Richard Goddard Hare Clarges, C.B., was appointed -colonel of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment on the 18th of May, 1849, in -succession to Major-General Sir John Grey, K.C.B., who was removed -to the fifth Fusiliers. - -During the year 1849 the service companies were stationed at Cape -Town. The depôt companies also remained in Ireland. - -[Sidenote: 1850] - -In December, 1850, the head-quarters and four companies, under the -command of Lieut.-Colonel William Eyre, were removed from Cape -Town to the Buffalo mouth for the frontier, in consequence of an -outbreak of the Kaffirs. - -[Sidenote: 1851] - -At the date of the conclusion of the present record, namely, 1st -of May 1851, the service companies were in camp at King William’s -Town, under Lieut.-Colonel Eyre. The depôt companies, under Major -George Hankey Smith, continued to be stationed in Ireland. - - -1851. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[6] Upon the representation of Major-General Gerard Lake, who was -appointed Colonel of the _Seventy-third_ Regiment, in November -1796, the Royal Authority was granted for the word “MANGALORE” -being borne on the Regimental Colour and Appointments, in -consideration of the gallant conduct displayed in the defence of -that place. - -[7] “A View of the Origin and Conduct of the War with Tippoo -Sultan, by Lieut.-Colonel Alexander Beatson, late Aide-de-camp to -the Marquis Wellesley, Governor-General of India.” - -[8] Seringapatam derived its name from the god _Serung_, to whom -one of the pagodas was dedicated. - -[9] The history of the second battalion is resumed at page 43. - -[10] MEMORANDUM. - - _Horse Guards, 7th April, 1809._ - - As the population of the Highlands of Scotland is found to be - insufficient to supply recruits for the whole of the Highland - corps on the establishment of His Majesty’s army, and as some - of these corps laying aside their distinguishing dress, which - is objectionable to the natives of South Britain, would, in - a great measure, tend to facilitate the completing of their - establishment, as it would be an inducement to the men of the - English militia to extend their services in greater numbers to - these regiments:--it is in consequence most humbly submitted, - for the approbation of His Majesty that His Majesty’s 72nd, - 73rd, 74th, 75th, 91st, and 94th regiments should discontinue, - in future, to wear the dress by which His Majesty’s regiments of - Highlanders are distinguished, and that the above corps should no - longer be considered as on that establishment. - - (Signed) HARRY CALVERT, - _Adjutant-General_. - - -[11] Major-General Macquarie formerly commanded the SEVENTY-THIRD -regiment.--_Vide_ Memoir in Appendix, page 69. - -[12] A fourth division of the SEVENTY-THIRD sailed from Port -Jackson on the 26th of January 1815, and arrived at Ceylon in the -ship “General Brown,” on the 2nd of March. There still remained -some men of the battalion for whom room could not be provided -in the four ships already named, and those were embarked in the -colonial brig “Kangaroo,” which arrived at Colombo on the 19th of -August 1815. - -[13] A memoir of the services of Lieut.-General Sir Maurice -O’Connell, K.C.H., is contained in the Appendix, page 70. - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF - -THE SECOND BATTALION - -OF - -THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT. - - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -Europe enjoyed but a short interval of tranquillity by the treaty -of Amiens, which was signed on the 27th of March, 1802. In May of -the following year, the war was renewed, and Napoleon Bonaparte, -the First Consul of the French Republic, threatened the invasion of -Great Britain. On the 18th of May, 1804, Napoleon was invested with -the dignity of Emperor of the French, and on the 26th of May of the -succeeding year, he was crowned at Milan as King of Italy. - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -In December, 1804, Spain issued a declaration of war against -England, and agreed to furnish a powerful aid to the French Emperor. - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -While the French pursued a victorious career in Germany, they -experienced dreadful reverses from the British navy, particularly -on the 21st of October, 1805, when the combined fleets of France -and Spain were completely defeated off _Cape Trafalgar_. The -victory was, however, clouded by the death of Admiral Viscount -Nelson, to whose memory a grateful and admiring nation paid the -highest honors. - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -In the year 1806, the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment arrived in England -from the East Indies, and two years afterwards was ordered to -embark for New South Wales. On the promulgation of the orders -for this embarkation, it was directed that a _second battalion_ -should be added to the regiment, which was to be placed on the -establishment of the army from the 24th of December, 1808. - -The second battalion was, in the first instance, to consist of four -companies, at a hundred rank and file each; upon the effectives -exceeding four hundred, it was to be augmented to six hundred, -which number being completed, it was to be augmented to a thousand -rank and file. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -The battalion was embodied at Nottingham, and was considerably -strengthened, within the year 1809, by volunteers from the English, -Irish, and Scotch Militia. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -In March, 1810, the battalion proceeded to Ashborne, and -subsequently to Derby and Ashford. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -On the 25th of October, 1811, the establishment of the battalion -was augmented to six companies, consisting of thirty-four -serjeants, twelve drummers, and six hundred rank and file. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -In July, 1812, the battalion was removed from Ashford to Deal, and -afterwards proceeded to the Tower of London. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -While quartered in the Tower of London, in 1813, the battalion was -augmented to ten companies, consisting of forty-five serjeants, -twenty-two drummers, and eight hundred rank and file. The battalion -proceeded to Colchester in April. - -The dreadful disasters experienced by the French in their retreat -from Russia, combined with the successes obtained over the forces -of Napoleon in the Peninsula by the allies under the Marquis of -Wellington, caused the separation of Prussia and other states -from the interest of France, and a treaty of alliance and subsidy -was concluded between Great Britain and Sweden, in which it was -stipulated that a Swedish army, commanded by the Crown Prince,[14] -should join the Allies. - -On the 25th of May, 1813, the battalion, under the command of -Lieut.-Colonel William George (afterwards Lord) Harris, embarked -on a particular service at Harwich, but subsequently joined the -expedition to Stralsund, in Swedish Pomerania, under the command of -Major-General Samuel Gibbs, and landed at that town on the 7th of -August. - -From Stralsund the SEVENTY-THIRD proceeded to join the allied -forces under the command of Lieut.-General Count Wallmoden, who -engaged, and completely defeated, the enemy on the plains of -_Gorde_, on the 16th of September, 1813. The SEVENTY-THIRD was the -only _British_ battalion in the action.[15] - -The battalion was afterwards ordered to join the British forces, -then in the north of Germany, under the command of Major-General -Samuel Gibbs, at Rostock, and subsequently embarked for England -at Warnemunde on the 2nd of November, but on arriving at Yarmouth -the battalion was ordered, without landing, to join the army in -Holland under General Sir Thomas Graham, afterwards Lord Lynedoch: -the battalion arrived at Williamstadt on the 18th of December. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -The Prussian General, Bulow, having requested that the British -would make a forward movement upon _Antwerp_, to favour his -operations, the battalion accordingly marched to the attack of that -place, which was bombarded by the British forces on the 13th of -January, 1814; and again from the 2nd until the 6th of February, -for the purpose of destroying the French fleet lying there. - -In the attack on the village of _Merxem_ on the 2nd of February, -1814, where the enemy was strongly posted, Lieutenant John -McConnell, and Lieutenant and Adjutant Thomas Frederick James were -wounded, the former severely. A volunteer, named J. Simpson, was -also dangerously wounded. This youth was about sixteen years of -age, and was attached to the light company. Soon after the action -commenced, and in the course of a few minutes, he was shot through -both his legs, before which a bullet had lodged in the butt of his -firelock. His military career was short, as he died of his wounds -in a few days. - -On this occasion, the light company, under Captain Richard Drewe, -supported the ninety-fifth (rifle brigade) in driving the enemy -from the _abatis_ formed at the entrance to the village. The -troops suffered very severely during the foregoing operations from -the intense cold, the winter being unusually severe, and though -sleeping on the line of march was generally fatal, it was no easy -matter to prevent it. - -General Sir Thomas Graham stated in his despatch, “All the -troops engaged behaved with the usual spirit and intrepidity of -British soldiers,” and the conduct of Major Dawson Kelly, of the -SEVENTY-THIRD, was particularly noticed. - -After this success the British troops were employed in constructing -a breastwork and battery; on the 3rd of February several pieces of -heavy ordnance opened upon the city of Antwerp, and on the French -shipping in the Scheldt; the cannonade was continued until the 6th, -when General Bulow, having received orders to march southward, -to act with the grand army of the Allies, it became necessary to -relinquish the attack on Antwerp, when the British retired towards -Breda. - -On the 16th of March, 1814, a detachment of the SEVENTY-THIRD, -consisting of two hundred men, under the command of Major Dawson -Kelly, was bombarded by a French seventy-four gun-ship and eight -gun brigs, in Fort Frederick on the river Scheldt. - -Peace was shortly afterwards concluded. On the 4th of April, -Napoleon Bonaparte signed his abdication in favour of his son; but -this proposal being rejected, he signed in a few days a second -abdication, renouncing the thrones of France and Italy entirely for -himself and heirs. He afterwards selected Elba for his residence, -which island was ceded to him in full sovereignty for life, and a -pension payable from the revenues of France, and by the treaty -which was signed at Paris on the 11th of April between the Allies -and Napoleon, it was agreed that he should enjoy the imperial title -for life. Ample pensions were also assigned to his relatives. - -On the 3rd of May, 1814, Louis XVIII. entered Paris, and ascended -the throne of his ancestors, and on the 30th of that month the -general peace between France and the allied powers of Austria, -Russia, Great Britain, and Prussia, was signed at Paris. - -In the beginning of May, the battalion was ordered into quarters at -Antwerp, and in September following it marched to Tournay, where it -arrived in October. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -The commencement of the year 1815 saw Louis XVIII. apparently -firmly seated on the throne of France; but various causes of -discontent existed in that country. The army, long accustomed to -war, still retained a chivalrous veneration for Napoleon Bonaparte, -who was kept acquainted with the state of the public mind, and -this feeling of his former troops. In the evening of the 26th of -February he embarked at Porto Ferrajo, in the island of Elba, -with about a thousand troops, of whom a few were French, and the -remainder Poles, Corsicans, Neapolitans, and Elbese. With this -motley band he landed at Cannes, in Provence, on the 1st of March, -1815, and the result proved that his calculations were correct. -After being joined by the garrison of Grenoble, he proceeded to -Lyons, and entered that city amidst the acclamations of “_Vive -l’Empereur!_” from the soldiers and the people. The possession of -the second city in France being thus obtained, Napoleon assumed -his former dignity of Emperor, and continued his advance to Paris, -which he reached on the 20th of March, his progress having been a -continued triumph. - -In the meantime, Louis XVIII. had withdrawn from Paris to Ghent, -and Napoleon took possession of the throne of France as Emperor, -but the allied powers refused to acknowledge his sovereignty, and -determined to effect his dethronement. - -The battalion had remained stationed between Tournay and Courtray -until March, 1815, when, in consequence of the foregoing events, -it was ordered to join the division of the army under the command -of Lieut.-General Baron Alten, and formed part of the brigade of -Major-General Sir Colin Halkett, K.C.B. - -On the 11th of April, 1815, it was announced to the army in -Flanders that His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, in the name -and behalf of His Majesty, had appointed Field Marshal the Duke of -Wellington, K.G., to be commander of His Majesty’s forces on the -continent of Europe, and it was directed that the _Fifth_ British -brigade of infantry should be composed of the second battalion of -the thirtieth, the thirty-third, and the second battalions of the -sixty-ninth and seventy-third regiments.[16] - -Napoleon left Paris on the 12th of June, and endeavoured, by -one of those rapid and decisive movements for which he had been -celebrated, to interpose his forces between the British and -Prussian armies, and then attack them in detail. Information of -this movement arrived at Brussels during the evening of the 15th of -June, and the troops were immediately ordered to prepare to march. - -On the 16th of June, the division of which the second battalion of -the SEVENTY-THIRD formed part, pursued its course, with the other -portions of the army, through the forest of Soignies, Genappe, and -along the road towards Charleroi. After a march of twenty-two -miles the troops arrived at the post of _Les Quatre Bras_, where -the second French corps, under Marshal Ney, was developing a -serious attack against that position, with very superior numbers. - -As the British regiments arrived at the scene of conflict, they -were instantly formed for action. The repeated charges of the -French were repulsed, but a considerable loss was incurred, -including his Serene Highness the Duke of Brunswick, who fell at -the head of his troops. - -The SEVENTY-THIRD had the following officers wounded:--Lieutenants -John Acres and John Lloyd, and Ensigns Robert Greville Heselrige -and Thomas Deacon. Lieutenant Acres died of his wounds. One -drummer, and three rank and file were killed, and one serjeant and -forty-three rank and file wounded. - -Marshal Blucher had been attacked on the 16th of June by Napoleon -at Ligny, and the Prussians, after a desperate conflict, were -compelled to retreat to Wavre. This caused the Duke of Wellington -to make a corresponding movement, to keep up his communication with -them. - -In the course of the morning of the 17th of June, the troops were -withdrawn from _Quatre Bras_, and proceeded towards _Waterloo_. On -this day, the SEVENTY-THIRD had Lieutenant Joseph William Henry -Streaphan and three rank and file killed. - -The position which the Duke of Wellington occupied in front of -_Waterloo_, crossed the high roads leading from Charleroi and -Nivelle to Brussels, and which roads united at the village of Mont -St. Jean, in the rear of the British. The right wing extended to a -ravine near Merke Braine, which was occupied. The left extended -to a height above the hamlet of Ter la Haye, which was likewise -occupied. In front of the right centre, and near the Nivelle road, -the house and garden of Hougomont were taken possession of, and in -front of the left centre, the farm of La Haye Sainte was occupied. -By the left the British communicated with Marshal Prince Blucher at -Wavre, through Ohaim. - -Napoleon collected his army on a range of heights in front of the -British, with the exception of his third corps, which he had sent -to observe the Prussians. About ten o’clock the French commenced a -furious attack upon the post at Hougomont. Then ensued a conflict -which will ever be memorable in the history of Europe. The attacks -of the French troops were frequently calculated to spread confusion -through any army. They were supported by the thunder of a numerous -artillery, and followed up by such a succession of column after -column, rolling onwards like the waves of the sea, that it required -a degree of unexampled fortitude and courage to oppose effectual -resistance to so fierce and continued a storm of war. - -That degree of courage was not wanting in the British ranks, and -paralysed by the fierce determination of his opponents, the attacks -of Napoleon’s legions relaxed; the Prussians arrived on the left -to co-operate; the Anglo-Belgian army formed line, and with one -impetuous charge decided the fortune of the day. The French were -driven from the field with the loss of their cannon and equipage, -and the hopes of Bonaparte were annihilated. - -During the greater part of the battle, the SEVENTY-THIRD, with -the second battalion of the thirtieth, were very much exposed -to the enemy’s artillery, and constantly engaged in repelling -numerous charges of cavalry that appeared determined to break -their square, which ultimately was reduced to a very small size, -from the casualties occasioned by round and grape shot. Lieutenant -Robert Stewart, one of the junior officers of the SEVENTY-THIRD, -commanded the battalion at the termination of the battle, and in -consequence was some years afterwards promoted to a company without -purchase.[17] - -The casualties amongst the officers were unusually great. Of -_twenty-three_ who marched into action on the 16th of June at -Quatre Bras, _twenty-two_ were killed and wounded on that and the -two following days. - -In the battle on the 18th of June the SEVENTY-THIRD had Captains -Alexander Robertson and John Kennedy; Lieutenant Matthew Hollis; -and Ensigns William Law Lowe and Charles Page _killed_. - -The officers wounded were Lieut.-Colonel William George Harris -(Colonel) commanding the battalion, severely; Major Archibald -John Maclean, who died of his wounds; Captains Henry Coane, -William Wharton, and John Garland, all severely. Lieutenants -John McConnell, Thomas Reynolds, and Donald Browne all severely; -Lieutenant Browne afterwards died of his wounds. Ensigns William -McBean, Charles Bedford Eastwood, and George Dondridge Bridge -(severely), and Ensign and Adjutant Patrick Hay severely. - -Three serjeants, one drummer, and forty-three rank and file were -killed, and thirteen serjeants, two drummers, and one hundred and -sixty rank and file were wounded; twenty-four of the above number -died of their wounds; forty-one rank and file were missing. - -In acknowledgment of the services which the army performed in the -battle of Waterloo, and the actions immediately preceding it, each -subaltern officer and soldier present were permitted to count two -years additional service, and silver medals were conferred on all -ranks, bearing on the one side an impression of His Royal Highness -the Prince Regent, and on the reverse the figure of Victory, -holding the palm in the right hand, and the olive branch in the -left, with the word “_Wellington_” over its head, and “WATERLOO,” -18th June, 1815, at its feet. - -The thanks of both Houses of Parliament were voted to the army -with the greatest enthusiasm, “for its distinguished valour at -Waterloo;” and the SEVENTY-THIRD and other regiments engaged, -were permitted to bear the word “WATERLOO” on their colours and -appointments, in commemoration of their distinguished services on -the 18th of June, 1815. - -After the battle of Waterloo, the battalion, which was reduced to -a complete skeleton, advanced with the army to Paris, where it -arrived in the first week in July, and encamped in the Bois de -Boulogne until November, when it was placed in cantonments in the -vicinity of that metropolis. - -Meanwhile Louis XVIII. had entered Paris, and was again reinstated -on the throne of his ancestors. Napoleon Bonaparte had surrendered -himself to Captain Maitland, commanding the “Bellerophon” British -ship of war, and the island of St. Helena having been fixed for -his residence, he was conveyed thither, with a few of his zealous -adherents. - -When the allied forces retired from Paris in December, 1815, with -the exception of the “_Army of Occupation_” left in France, the -second battalion of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment was ordered to -return to England; it embarked at Calais on the 23rd of December, -and landed on the same day at Ramsgate; from Ramsgate it marched to -Colchester to join the depôt, which continued in that town during -the absence of the battalion on foreign service. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -The battalion afterwards marched to Nottingham, where it arrived on -the 12th of February, 1816. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -The battalion was stationed between Nottingham, Weedon, and -Colchester, until May, 1817, when it was ordered to proceed to -Chelmsford to be disbanded, which measure took place on the 4th of -May, 1817, the most effective men, consisting of three hundred and -ten non-commissioned officers and privates being embarked to join -the first battalion of the regiment at Ceylon. - - -1817. - - -CONCLUSION. - -The earlier services of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, originally -formed as a second battalion to the forty-second Highlanders, -are connected with the wars against Hyder Ali and his son, -Tippoo Saib, the powerful sultans of the Mysore territory: the -word “_Mangalore_,” granted by royal authority for the gallant -defence of that fortress in 1783, and the word “_Seringapatam_” -for the share taken by the regiment in the capture of the capital -of Tippoo’s country in 1799, when that sovereign terminated his -career by a soldier’s death, are borne on the regimental colour and -appointments, in commemoration of these arduous campaigns in India. - -Other services were, however, performed by the regiment in the -East, among which may be named the capture of the French settlement -of _Pondicherry_ in 1793, and that of the Dutch island of _Ceylon_ -in 1796, when the French Directory had caused Holland to become -involved in hostilities with Great Britain. - -After a service of _twenty-four_ years in India, the regiment -returned to England, and arrived at Greenwich in July, 1806. - -In 1809 the regiment proceeded to New South Wales, when a second -battalion was added to its establishment. - -Brief as was the career of the second battalion, namely from -1809 to 1817, it added the imperishable word “WATERLOO” to the -regimental colour and appointments, that distinction being -conferred by the Sovereign to commemorate its services in that -battle, which gave a lengthened peace to the powers of Europe. - -In 1814 the first battalion embarked from New South Wales for -Ceylon, in the capture of which island the regiment had formerly -participated. - -The regiment returned to England in 1821, and continued on home -service until 1827, when it embarked for Gibraltar, from which -fortress it proceeded to Malta in 1829, and in 1834 to the Ionian -Islands, whence it returned to Gibraltar in 1838, and embarked for -North America. - -In 1841 the regiment returned to England, and, in 1845, proceeded -to the Cape of Good Hope, where it is now employed in active -operations against the Kaffirs. - -The orderly behaviour of the regiment in quarters, whether employed -at home, or on foreign stations, combined with its soldier-like -conduct in the field, have secured the confidence of the nation, -and the approbation of the Sovereign. - - -1851. - -[Illustration: SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT. - -_Madeley lith. 3 Wellington S^t Strand_ - -_For Cannon’s Military Records._] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[14] On the 21st of August, 1810, the French Marshal Bernadotte, -one of Napoleon’s generals, was elected Crown Prince of Sweden. -The appointment of a successor to the throne of that country was -considered necessary in consequence of the Duke of Sudermania, who -had been elected king in the room of the deposed Gustavus IV., -being advanced in years, and without children. - -[15] The following statement of the above operations is contained -in the _Annual Register_, vol. 87, page 280:-- - -“After landing at Stralsund, and assisting in completing the works -of that town, Lieut.-Colonel Harris, with the SEVENTY-THIRD, was -detached into the interior of the country, to feel for the enemy, -and also to get into communication with Lieut.-General Count -Wallmoden, which dangerous service he successfully effected, -though he had, with great care and caution, to creep with his -small force between the large _corps d’armée_ of Davoust and other -French generals at that time stationed in Pomerania, Mecklenburg, -and Hanover. Having joined Count Wallmoden, the SEVENTY-THIRD -contributed greatly to the victory that General gained over the -French on the plains of Gorde, in Hanover, where Lieut.-Colonel -Harris, at the head of his battalion, declining any aid, and at the -moment when the German hussars had been routed, charged up a steep -hill, took a battery of French artillery, and unfurling the British -colours, at once spread terror amongst that gallant enemy which -feared no others; a panic struck them, and they fled.” - -[16] A list of the British and Hanoverian army at Waterloo is -inserted in the _Appendix_, page 73. - -[17] “Once, and once only, during the dreadful carnage at Waterloo, -did the stern SEVENTY-THIRD hesitate to fill up a gap which the -relentless iron had torn in their square; their Lieut.-Colonel -(Brevet Colonel Harris) at once pushing his horse lengthwise across -the space, said with a smile, ‘Well, my lads, if you wont, I must’; -it is almost needless to add that immediately he was led back to -his proper place, and the ranks closed up by men still more devoted -than before.”--(_Annual Register_, _vol. 87_, page 280.) - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF - -THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT. - - -SIR GEORGE OSBORN, BART. - -_Appointed 18th April, 1786_. - -The early services of this officer were associated with the -sixteenth light dragoons, in which, upon that regiment being raised -in 1759, Sir George Osborn, Bart., obtained a troop on the 20th -of December of that year, and on the 13th of February, 1762, he -was promoted to the rank of major in the eighteenth, Royal Irish, -regiment of foot. On the 31st of March, 1763, Major Sir George -Osborn was appointed deputy quarter-master-general to the Forces -in Ireland, and on the 19th of November, 1765, he was promoted to -the third regiment of foot guards as captain and lieut.-colonel, in -which regiment he was appointed second major, with the brevet rank -of colonel in the army, on the 7th of August, 1777. On the 19th -of February, 1779, he was advanced to the rank of major-general, -and was appointed lieut.-colonel in the third regiment of foot -guards on the 25th of March, 1782. Upon the second battalion of the -forty-second, Royal Highlanders, being numbered the SEVENTY-THIRD -Highland regiment in 1786, His Majesty King George III. appointed -Major-General Sir George Osborn, Bart., to the colonelcy of the -SEVENTY-THIRD on the 18th of April of that year, and on the 11th -of August following he was removed to the fortieth regiment, which -he retained until his decease. On the 28th of September 1787, Sir -George Osborn was advanced to the rank of lieut.-general, and to -that of general on the 26th of January, 1797. General Sir George -Osborn died at Chicksands Priory on the 29th of June, 1818, in the -seventy-seventh year of his age. - - -SIR WILLIAM MEDOWS, K.B. - -_Appointed 11th August, 1786_. - -The early services of this distinguished officer are connected -with the fourth horse, now seventh dragoon guards, in which corps -he was appointed captain in March, 1764, and was promoted to -the rank of major on the 1st of October, 1766. He was further -advanced to the rank of lieut.-colonel of the fifth Fusiliers -in 1769; was removed to the twelfth light dragoons in 1773, and -to the fifty-fifth regiment in 1775. While serving with his -regiment in North America, he evinced that valour, magnanimity, -and military skill, which were afterwards more fully developed in -the West, and also the East Indies. He was again removed to the -lieut.-colonelcy of the fifth Fusiliers in 1777, in succession -to Lieut.-Colonel Walcott, who died of wounds received at the -battle of Germantown, in Pennsylvania, which was fought on the -4th of October, 1777. He commanded the fifth during the long and -hazardous retreat from Philadelphia to New York; and having been -appointed to act as brigadier-general, he proceeded with the -expedition under Major-General James Grant to the West Indies. -Brigadier-General Medows commanded the reserve, consisting of the -fifth foot, grenadiers, and light infantry, at the attack of St. -Lucia in December 1778; and having seized on the post of La Vigie, -he evinced signal intrepidity in defending it against the attacks -of a French force of very superior numbers: though severely wounded -early in the day, he refused to quit his post, and finding his -ammunition nearly expended, he drew up his men in front of their -colours, and waving his sword, exclaimed, “Soldiers, as long as you -have a bayonet to point against an enemy’s breast, defend these -colours.” They did so, and secured the conquest of St. Lucia. - -His distinguished bravery was rewarded in 1780, with the colonelcy -of the (late) eighty-ninth regiment: and in 1781 he was promoted -to the local rank of major-general in the East Indies, where -he acquired numerous laurels under General the Earl Cornwallis. -He was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1782, and was -appointed to the colonelcy of the SEVENTY-THIRD Highland regiment -on the 11th of August, 1786; and his meritorious services procured -him the honor of wearing the insignia of a Knight Companion of -the Bath. Sir William Medows was afterwards appointed Governor -and Commander-in-Chief of Madras. In 1792 Sir William Medows was -promoted to the rank of lieut.-general; in 1796 he was appointed -colonel of the seventh dragoon guards; and in 1798 was advanced to -the rank of general. He was also Governor of Hull, and a member of -the Privy Council in Ireland. The decease of General Sir William -Medows, K.B., occurred on the 20th of November, 1813. - - -GERARD LAKE, - -(Afterwards Viscount Lake.) - -_Appointed 2nd November, 1796_. - -Gerard Lake, third son of Lancelot Charles Lake, Esq., choosing -the profession of arms, was nominated to the commission of ensign -and lieutenant in the first foot guards, on the 9th of May, -1758; in 1762 he was promoted to lieutenant and captain, and in -1776 to captain and lieut.-colonel. He served in North America -during the War of Independence; was engaged in operations in -the southern states, under General the Earl Cornwallis, and had -opportunities of distinguishing himself. When Earl Cornwallis’s -force was besieged in York Town, by the united French and American -armies, Lieut.-Colonel Lake commanded a detachment of foot guards -and grenadiers of the eightieth regiment, which made a sortie -on the 16th of October, 1781, forced the entrenchments, spiked -eleven heavy guns, and killed and wounded about a hundred French -soldiers. On the surrender of York Town he became a prisoner of -war; but hostilities were terminated soon afterwards, and he -returned to England, having been promoted to the rank of colonel -in February, 1782. In 1784 he was nominated major, and in 1792 -lieut.-colonel in the first foot guards. In 1790 he was advanced -to the rank of major-general. On the breaking out of the French -revolutionary war, he was nominated to the command of the brigade -of foot guards which proceeded to Flanders, and served under His -Royal Highness the Duke of York. He commanded this brigade at the -battle of Famars, and at the siege of Valenciennes, and highly -distinguished himself at Lincelles, on the 18th of August, 1793, -for which he was thanked in general orders. He also served before -Dunkirk, and in other operations: and in 1794 he was rewarded with -the colonelcy of the fifty-third regiment, and the government of -Limerick; he was afterwards nominated Governor of Dumbarton. In -1796 he was removed to the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment: in 1797 he was -promoted to the rank of lieut.-general, and placed on the staff -of Ireland, where he evinced talent and energy in suppressing the -rebellion which broke out in 1798, and gained several important -victories over the insurgents. When the French landed in Ireland, -he was obliged to retire a short distance; but additional troops -advancing to his aid, he intercepted the French soldiers and forced -them to surrender prisoners of war. In 1800 he was appointed -Commander-in-Chief in India, and colonel of the eightieth regiment; -and in 1802 he was promoted to the rank of general. He arrived -in India at the period when the Governor-General, the Marquis -Wellesley, was displaying the energies of his mind in counteracting -the intrigues of France among the native powers of Hindoostan; and -the ambitious designs of the Mahratta chiefs soon called General -Lake into the field, when his talents were conspicuously displayed. -His spirited and judicious operations at Coel, on the 29th of -August, 1803; the assault of Aly Ghur, on the 9th of September; -and the overthrow of the Mahratta army near Delhi, on the 11th of -September, on which occasion his charger was killed under him, -produced decisive results. The country between the Ganges and Jumna -rivers, called the Doab (a general name in India for the space -between two rivers), became subject to British authority; and six -days afterwards General Lake visited the Emperor, Shah Alum, whom -he had rescued from oppression, and who conferred upon him titles -which signified,--The Saver of the State,--Hero of the Land,--Lord -of the Age,--and the Victorious in War. - -Afterwards proceeding to Agra, General Lake speedily captured that -place, and on the 1st of November, 1803, he gained an important -victory at Leswaree, when the French-officered battalions of Dowlat -Rao Scindia were annihilated, the Mahratta army overpowered, -and its colours, artillery, and baggage captured. His services -on this occasion were of a distinguished character; he led the -charge of the cavalry in the morning;--conducted in person the -attacks of the infantry, and in the midst of the storm of battle he -displayed valour, professional ability, promptitude and decision; -his magnanimous example inspired confidence and emulation in the -troops, and they triumphed over very superior numbers. Two horses -were killed under him on this occasion. - -His important services were rewarded, in 1804, with the title of -LORD LAKE OF DELHI AND LESWAREE. - -Pursuing, the war with vigour, Lord Lake routed the power of Holkar -at Furruckbad; but the war was protracted by the defection of the -Rajah of Bhurtpore; and when his Lordship besieged the city of -Bhurtpore, he failed in capturing the place from the want of a -battering train. The Rajah of Bhurtpore was, however, brought to -terms; and Lord Lake pursued the hostile Rajah of Berar from place -to place until this chief was brought to submission. The British -military power in the East was strengthened by these successes; and -the extent and stability of the dominions in India augmented. - -His Lordship returned to England, and in 1807 he was advanced to -the dignity of VISCOUNT LAKE. - -He caught cold while sitting on the general court-martial which -tried Major-General Whitelocke; and died on the 30th of February, -1808. - - -GEORGE LORD HARRIS, G.C.B. - -_Appointed 14th February, 1800._ - -This distinguished officer entered the service in 1759 as a -cadet in the Royal Artillery, and was appointed ensign in the -fifth fusiliers on the 30th of July, 1762; he was promoted to be -lieutenant on the 2nd of July, 1765, was appointed adjutant in -1767, and promoted to the rank of captain on the 25th of July, -1771. In May, 1774, Captain Harris embarked for America, and -was present in the first action of the American war, namely, at -Lexington, on the 19th of April, 1775. At the battle of Bunker’s -Hill on the 17th of June following, he was severely wounded in the -head, and obliged to be trepanned, which caused him to be sent to -England; but he returned in time to take the field previously to -the landing of the British army on Long Island in August, 1776. -Captain Harris was present at the affair of Flat Bush; in the -skirmishes on York Island; in the engagement at White Plains; at -Iron Hill (where he was shot through the leg), and in every action -up to the 3rd of November, 1778, except that of Germantown. In -1778 he was promoted to the rank of major in the fifth fusiliers, -and embarked with the regiment for the West Indies with the force -under Major-General James Grant, by whom he was appointed to -command the battalion of grenadiers, and landed with the reserve -of the army under Brigadier-General Medows, at St. Lucia on the -25th of December. After the taking of Morne Fortunée, Major -Harris was second in command under Brigadier-General Medows at -the post of La Vigie, where the French were repulsed in their -repeated attacks, and in consequence they retreated from the -Island. Immediately after the departure of the French armament, -the Governor surrendered the Island of St. Lucia to the British -troops, the capitulation being signed on the 30th of December, -1778. In 1779, Major Harris embarked with the fifth fusiliers, -which were ordered to serve as marines, and was present in the -engagement off Grenada, under Admiral Byron, on the 6th of July, -1779. In 1780, Major Harris returned to England, and in December of -that year succeeded to a lieut.-colonelcy in the fifth fusiliers, -from which he exchanged into the seventy-sixth regiment, and -accompanied to the East Indies, as secretary, Sir William Medows, -who was appointed Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Madras. -Lieut.-Colonel Harris served in the campaigns of 1790 and 1791 -against Tippoo Sultan; in the action of the 15th of May, 1791, -he was appointed by General the Earl Cornwallis to command the -second line; he was also personally engaged in the attack of the -Sultan’s camp and of the Island of Seringapatam, on the night of -the 6th of February, 1792, the success of which terminated that -war. Peace being re-established, Lieut.-Colonel Harris returned -with Lieut.-General Sir William Medows to England. On the 18th of -November, 1792, he was promoted colonel by brevet, and on the 3rd -of October, 1794, he was advanced to the rank of major-general, -when he re-embarked for India, and was placed on the Bengal Staff. -On the 3rd of May, 1796, Major-General Harris received the local -rank of lieut.-general, and was appointed Commander-in-Chief in the -Presidency of Fort St. George; in February, 1798, he succeeded to -the military and civil government of the troops and territories of -Madras. - -In December, 1798, Lieut.-General Harris was selected, by the -Marquis Wellesley to command the army assembled to repel the -threatened hostility of Tippoo Sultan, to besiege his capital, and -to reduce his power. The army under the command of Lieut.-General -Harris exceeded fifty thousand men, and the object of the -expedition was accomplished by the capture of _Seringapatam_, the -death of Tippoo, and annexation of his dominions to the British -Crown, as detailed in the Historical Record of the SEVENTY-THIRD, -of which regiment he was appointed colonel on the 14th of February, -1800, as a reward for his important services:--on the 1st of -January, 1801, he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. On -the 1st of January, 1812, Lieut.-General Harris was advanced to the -rank of general. In August, 1815, General Harris was raised to the -peerage by the title of Baron Harris of Seringapatam and Mysore in -the East Indies, and of Belmont in Kent, and was appointed a Knight -Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on the 27th of May, 1820. His -Lordship succeeded General Francis Dundas as Governor of Dumbarton -Castle in January, 1824. During the latter years of his life his -Lordship lived in retirement at his seat at Belmont, Feversham, in -Kent, where his decease occurred on the 19th of May, 1829, at the -advanced age of eighty-two years. - - -THE RIGHT HONORABLE SIR FREDERICK ADAM, G.C.B., & G.C.M.G. - -_Appointed 22nd May, 1829._ - -Removed to the fifty-seventh regiment on the 4th of December, 1835, -and to the twenty-first, Royal North British Fusiliers, on the 31st -of May, 1843. - - -WILLIAM GEORGE LORD HARRIS, C.B., & K.C.H. - -_Appointed 4th December, 1835._ - -This distinguished officer was the son of General the first Lord -Harris, and entered the army as an ensign in the seventy-sixth -regiment of infantry, on the 24th of May, 1795; was promoted -lieutenant in the thirty-sixth regiment on the 3rd of January, -1796, from which he was removed to the seventy-fourth Highlanders -on the 4th of September following, and joined in India in 1797. -Lieutenant Harris served at the battle of Mallavelly on the 27th of -March, 1799, and during the campaign under his father, Lord Harris, -which led to the capture of Seringapatam, and was in nearly all -the affairs, out-posts, and in the storming party on the 4th of -May, 1799, which carried that fortress, where Lieutenant Harris was -one of the first to enter the breach, for which he was commended -on the spot by Major-General (afterwards Sir David) Baird. Being -sent home with the captured standards, Lieutenant Harris had the -honor of presenting them to His Majesty King George III., and -was promoted to a company in the forty-ninth regiment, on the -16th of October, 1800, which he joined at Jersey, and embarking -with it towards the end of the year for England, was wrecked on -the passage off Guernsey. Captain Harris afterwards accompanied -his regiment in the expedition to the Baltic under the command -of Admiral Parker and Vice-Admiral Nelson, and was present in -the “Glatton” frigate in the desperate action off Copenhagen on -the 2nd of April, 1801. In 1802, Captain Harris embarked with -the forty-ninth regiment for Canada, and served in the upper -province for two years; being then appointed to a majority in -the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, he proceeded to join that corps in -India, and on his way out was employed at the capture of the Cape -of Good Hope in January, 1806, and was present at the action of -Blue Berg. The SEVENTY-THIRD having quitted India previously to -his arrival, he returned to England the same year, and found he -had succeeded to the lieut.-colonelcy of that regiment. Upon the -formation of the second battalion of the SEVENTY-THIRD, which was -placed on the establishment of the army from the 24th of December, -1808, Lieut.-Colonel Harris was appointed to the command of it, -and zealously applied himself to perfecting its discipline, and -rendering it efficient in every respect. In 1813, Lieut.-Colonel -Harris embarked on a particular service with the second battalion -of the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, but afterwards joined the expedition -to Stralsund, in Swedish Pomerania, under Major-General Samuel -Gibbs. On arrival Lieut.-Colonel Harris was selected to take the -field with his battalion, and place himself under the orders of -Lieut.-General Count Wallmoden, and was present in the action of -the Gorde (in which he highly distinguished himself), under that -commander, on the 16th of September, 1813. In November, 1813, the -second battalion of the SEVENTY-THIRD re-embarked in the Gulf of -Lubec for England; but on arriving at Yarmouth, it was ordered, -without landing, to join the army of General Sir Thomas Graham -(afterwards Lord Lynedoch) in Holland. During the winter campaign -before Antwerp, rendered more difficult in consequence of the -severity of the weather, Lieut.-Colonel Harris had the honor of -carrying the village of Merxem by storm, under the eye of His late -Majesty King William IV., then Duke of Clarence, and, during the -remainder of the operations, was employed as brigadier-general. -After the peace of 1814, when Antwerp was delivered up, Colonel -Harris, to which rank he had been promoted on the 4th of June, -1814, was quartered in that town, and remained in the Low Countries -with his battalion during the remainder of the year 1814, and the -early part of 1815. On the return of Napoleon from Elba, Colonel -Harris joined the army of the Duke of Wellington, and his battalion -was appointed to the brigade commanded by Major-General Sir Colin -Halkett, and took part in the stubborn contest of the 16th of -June, 1815, at _Quatre Bras_,--assisted in covering the retreat on -the 17th; and on the 18th of June, at _Waterloo_, bore a gallant -part in the complete defeat of Napoleon in that memorable battle. -Colonel Harris, late in the afternoon, received a shot through the -right shoulder, from which severe wound he continued to suffer -at times for the remainder of his life. On retiring on half-pay, -a testimony of admiration and regard was presented to him by the -officers of his battalion in the shape of a splendid sword. On the -19th of July, 1821, Colonel Harris was advanced to the rank of -Major-General. Major-General the Honorable William George Harris -was employed on the staff of the army in Ireland from the 17th of -May, 1823, until the 24th of June, 1825, when he was appointed to -the command of the northern district of Great Britain, which he -retained until the 24th of July, 1828, and contributed materially -in quelling the disturbances in the manufacturing districts. On the -decease of his father, Lord Harris, in 1829, he succeeded to the -title, and from that period lived in retirement at Belmont, the -family seat, near Feversham in Kent. On the 3rd of December, 1832, -Major-General Lord Harris was appointed colonel of the eighty-sixth -regiment, and was removed to the SEVENTY-THIRD on the 4th of -December, 1835. In January, 1837, Lord Harris was promoted to the -rank of Lieut.-General. His decease occurred at Belmont, after a -short illness, on the 30th of May, 1845. Lord Harris was a Knight -Commander of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order, a Companion of -the Bath, and a Knight of the Order of William of Holland. - - -SIR ROBERT HENRY DICK, K.C.B., & K.C.H. - -_Appointed 10th June, 1845._ - -This officer commenced his military career as ensign in the -seventy-fifth regiment, his commission being dated 22nd of -November, 1800, from which he was promoted to the rank of -lieutenant in the sixty-second foot, on the 27th of June, 1802; -was appointed to the ninth battalion of reserve on the 20th of -December, 1803, and removed to the forty-second Royal Highland -regiment on the 5th of January of the following year. Lieutenant -Dick was promoted to the rank of Captain in the seventy-eighth -regiment on the 17th of April, 1804, and embarked with the second -battalion of that corps for Sicily in 1806; in the battle of -Maida, which was fought on the 4th of July, 1806, Captain Dick -was wounded; was also present at the taking of the fortress of -Catrone in Calabria. Admiral Sir John Duckworth having failed in -his mission to detach Turkey from the interests of France, Great -Britain determined to seize upon Egypt, as a check to any fresh -demonstration by the French against the British possessions in -the East Indies, and an armament sailed from Sicily in February, -1807, and landed at Aboukir on the 18th of the following month. -This expedition was under the command of Major-General Alexander -Mackenzie Fraser, the colonel of the seventy-eighth Highlanders, -and Captain Dick was embarked with the second battalion of that -regiment. On the 21st of March, 1807, Alexandria was occupied by -the British troops; this was the anniversary of the celebrated -battle fought there in 1801, when the gallant General Sir Ralph -Abercromby received the wound which terminated his career. A force -of fifteen hundred men was afterwards detached against Rosetta, -before which place Captain Dick was severely wounded. Egypt was -evacuated by the British in September, 1807, and the troops -returned to Sicily. Captain Dick was promoted to the rank of Major -on the 24th of April, 1808, and was appointed to the forty-second -Royal Highlanders on the 14th of July following. Major Dick -embarked with the second battalion of the forty-second regiment -for the Peninsula in June, 1809, and commanded a light battalion -at the battle of Busaco on the 27th of September, 1810, and during -the retreat to the lines of Torres Vedras; also in the action at -Foz D’Aronce on the 15th of March, 1811, where he was wounded; -and at the battle of Fuentes d’Onor on the 3rd and 5th of May -following. During the siege of Ciudad Rodrigo, which was captured -on the 19th of January, 1812, Major Dick served with the second -battalion of the forty-second regiment, and also at the third -siege of Badajoz, which was taken on the 6th of April following. -On the first battalion of the forty-second joining the army in -the Peninsula towards the end of April, 1812, the soldiers of the -second battalion fit for duty were transferred to the former, -and the officers and staff of the latter returned to England to -recruit. He commanded a light battalion at the battle of Salamanca -on the 22nd of July, 1812. At the storming of Fort St. Michael, -near Burgos, on the 19th of September, Major Dick commanded the -first battalion of the forty-second, and his conduct was commended -in the Marquis of Wellington’s public despatch. The siege of the -Castle of Burgos was afterwards commenced, but the concentration -of the enemy’s forces obliged the British commander to raise the -siege and retire to Salamanca, and subsequently to Ciudad Rodrigo. -On the 8th of October, 1812, Major Dick was promoted to the brevet -rank of Lieut.-Colonel. In January 1813, Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Dick -returned to England on two months’ leave of absence, and joined the -second battalion, which, after its return from the Peninsula in -1812, had remained in North Britain, until it was disbanded after -the termination of the war in 1814. - -During the campaign of 1815, Lieut.-Colonel Dick served with the -forty-second regiment, and after the death of Lieut.-Colonel -Sir Robert Macara, K.C.B., at Quatre Bras on the 16th of June -of that year, the command of the regiment devolved on Brevet -Lieut.-Colonel Dick, who was slightly wounded in the hip and -severely in the left shoulder. He was promoted to be lieut.-colonel -of the forty-second regiment on the 18th of June, 1815, the date of -the battle of Waterloo, for which he received a medal, in addition -to the medal and two clasps conferred on him for the battles -of Busaco, Fuentes d’Onor, and Salamanca, and was appointed a -Companion of the Order of the Bath. - -Lieut.-Colonel Dick was promoted to the rank of colonel on the 27th -of May, 1825, on being appointed aide-de-camp to King George IV., -and in November, 1828, exchanged from the forty-second regiment to -the half-pay unattached. On the 10th of January, 1837, Colonel Dick -was promoted to the rank of major-general, and on the 19th of July, -1838, was nominated a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. -From December 1838 to July 1842, Major-General Sir Robert Dick -served upon the staff of the army at Madras, and was afterwards -removed to the Presidency of Bengal. Major-General Sir Robert Dick -was appointed by Her Majesty to be colonel of the SEVENTY-THIRD -regiment on the 10th of June, 1845. - -Upon the invasion of the British territories in India by the Sikhs -in the beginning of December 1845, Major-General Sir Robert Dick -was appointed to the command of the third infantry division of the -“_Army of the Sutlej_,” and after sharing in the battle of Moodkee -on the 18th of December, and that of Ferozeshah on the 21st and -22nd of the same month, was wounded by a grape-shot at Sobraon -on the 10th of February, 1846, while personally animating the -troops under his command, from the effects of which he died in the -evening of that day. This victory brought the operations in the -field to a close, and the Sikh city of Lahore was occupied by the -British troops, where a treaty was concluded which was considered -calculated to prevent the repetition of a similar outrage. - - -SIR JOHN GREY, K.C.B. - -_Appointed 3rd April, 1846._ - -Removed to the fifth Fusiliers on the 18th May, 1849. - - -RICHARD GODDARD HARE CLARGES, C.B. - -_Appointed 18th May, 1849._ - - - - -APPENDIX. - - -_Memoir of the Services of Major-General Lachlan Macquarie, -formerly Lieut.-Colonel of the_ SEVENTY-THIRD _regiment_. - -Major-General Lachlan Macquarie entered the army on the 9th of -April, 1777, as ensign in the late eighty-fourth regiment, (which -was disbanded in 1784), and performed garrison duty at Halifax, -and other parts of Nova Scotia, for four years, namely, from the -year 1777 to 1781. On the 18th of January, 1781, he was promoted -to the rank of lieutenant in the late seventy-first regiment, and -did garrison duty at New York and Charleston, in North America, -and in the island of Jamaica for three years. He was placed on -half-pay on the 4th of June, 1784, and was appointed lieutenant -in the seventy-seventh regiment on the 25th of December, 1787, -and promoted to the rank of captain on the 9th of November, 1788. -Captain Macquarie served in various parts of India, from the 3rd -of August, 1788, to the 1st of January, 1803; was present at the -sieges of Cannanore, in 1790, at Seringapatam in 1791, at Cochin -in 1795, and at Colombo, in Ceylon, in 1796. As a reward for his -services he had received the brevet rank of major on the 3rd of -May, 1796, and continued to serve in various parts of India, during -the above-mentioned periods. Brevet Major Macquarie was present -at the battle of Seedaseer on the 6th of March, 1799, and at the -siege of Seringapatam in April and May following. Brevet Major -Macquarie was afterwards employed on service in Malabar, and on -the 12th of March, 1801, was promoted from the seventy-seventh -to the eighty-sixth regiment. Major Macquarie proceeded with the -eighty-sixth and other regiments ordered to embark from India, -under Major-General David Baird, to join the army in Egypt, and was -present at the siege of Alexandria in August, 1801. In November -following he was promoted to the brevet rank of lieut.-colonel. -He served at home as Assistant Adjutant-General on the London -District Staff, from July, 1803, until March, 1805; and afterwards -in India, with the eighty-sixth regiment in the field in 1805 and -1806. On the 30th of May, 1805, he was appointed lieut.-colonel -in the SEVENTY-THIRD regiment, which corps he returned home to -join in 1807, and in May, 1809, embarked with his regiment for -New South Wales, of which colony, and its dependencies, he was -appointed Governor and Commander-in-Chief. On the 25th July, 1810, -he was advanced to the brevet rank of colonel, was appointed -brigadier-general on the 21st of February, 1811, and promoted -major-general on the 4th of June, 1813. His decease occurred in -July, 1824. - - -_Memoir of the Services of Lieut.-General Sir Maurice Charles -O’Connell, K.C.H., formerly Lieut.-Colonel of the_ SEVENTY-THIRD -_regiment_. - -This officer, after serving with the rank of captain in the -emigrant army under the Duke of Brunswick in the campaign of 1792, -entered the British army sent to the Continent on the breaking out -of the war in 1793. He was appointed captain in the fourth regiment -of the late Irish brigade on the 1st of October, 1794, and was -placed on half-pay on the 1st of March, 1798, on the reduction of -that regiment; he was appointed captain in the first West India -regiment on the 21st of May, 1800, and joined shortly afterwards -at St. Lucia; Captain O’Connell was appointed major of brigade to -the forces at Surinam in February, 1802, and served in that colony -until its restoration to the Dutch in December of that year, when -he joined his regiment at St. Vincent. In May, 1803, he proceeded -in command of five companies to Grenada, whence he was ordered -with the whole of the regiment to Dominica in 1804. On the 1st of -January, 1805, he received the brevet rank of major. He commanded -the light company at Roseau, in Dominica, when an attack was made -on that capital on the 22nd of February, 1805, by a French force -commanded by General La Grange, and successfully resisted, during -the whole day, repeated attacks made by very superior numbers of -the enemy on the posts occupied by Brevet Major O’Connell, with -the forty-sixth regiment, his own company of the first West India -regiment, and some colonial militia. He had been appointed major -of brigade to the forces at Dominica in February, 1805, and on the -23rd of May following, was appointed major of the fifth West India -regiment. In September he returned to England. For his services in -the defence of Dominica, Major O’Connell received the thanks of the -House of Assembly in that island, and was presented by that body -with a sword, value one hundred guineas; he also received a sword, -value fifty pounds, and a piece of plate, value one hundred pounds, -from the committee of the Patriotic Fund at Lloyd’s. On the 15th of -October, 1806, Major O’Connell was appointed to the SEVENTY-THIRD -regiment, in which he was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel -on the 4th of May, 1809, and was appointed Lieut.-Governor of New -South Wales, where he continued until April, 1814, in which month -he embarked in command of the first battalion of the SEVENTY-THIRD -regiment for Ceylon. In January, 1815, Lieut.-Colonel O’Connell -marched in command of a division of the army under Lieut.-General -Robert Brownrigg into the territories of the King of Candy, the -conquest of which was achieved in forty days, and crowned by -the capture of the reigning monarch, who was deposed by his own -subjects, and brought a prisoner to Colombo. On the 12th of August, -1819, Lieut.-Colonel O’Connell was promoted to the rank of colonel, -and to that of major-general on the 22nd of July, 1830. In 1838, -Major-General O’Connell was appointed to the command of the troops -in New South Wales, which appointment he held from December of -that year until December, 1847. On the 23rd of November, 1841, Sir -Maurice O’Connell was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general, and -was appointed colonel of the eighty-first regiment on the 6th of -December, 1842, from which he was removed to the eightieth regiment -on the 15th of January, 1844. The decease of Lieut.-General Sir -Maurice Charles O’Connell, K.C.H., occurred at Sydney, in New South -Wales, on the 25th of May, 1848. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - Some hyphens in words have been silently removed, some added, - when a predominant preference was found in the original book. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. - - Pg x: ‘the military foree’ replaced by ‘the military force’. - Pg xxxii (APPENDIX): The third entry ‘British and Hanoverian ... 73’ - does not exist. The last page of the book is numbered ‘71’. - Pg 12: ‘above eSringapatam’ replaced by ‘above Seringapatam’. - Pg 39: Missing Sidenote for ‘1843’ inserted at the start - of the paragraph ‘During the year 1843 ...’. - Pg 40: Sidenotes for ‘1848’ and ‘1849’ moved down to the next - paragraph. - Pg 59: ‘appointed Govenor’ replaced by ‘appointed Governor’. - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE -SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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max-width: 100%; height: auto;} - -img.w100 {width: 100%;} - -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - padding-top: 1em; - padding-bottom: 1em; - text-align: center; -} - -/* Footnotes */ -.footnotes {border: dashed 1px; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 3em; - padding-bottom: 1em;} - -.footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 85%;} -.footnote p {} -.footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} - -.fnanchor { - vertical-align: super; - font-size: .8em; - text-decoration: - none; -} - -/* Transcriber's notes */ -.transnote { - background-color: #E6E6FA; - color: black; - font-size:90%; - padding:0.5em; - margin-top:5em; - margin-bottom:5em; - font-family:sans-serif, serif; -} - -.transnote p {text-indent: 0em;} - - -/* Illustration classes */ -.illowp100 {width: 100%;} -.illowp75 {width: 75%;} - - </style> - </head> - -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Historical Record of the Seventy-Third Regiment, by Richard Cannon</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Historical Record of the Seventy-Third Regiment</p> -<p style='display:block; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:0;'>Containing an account of the formation of the Regiment from the period of its being raised as the Second Battalion of the Forty-Second Royal Highlanders in 1780 and of its subsequent services to 1851</p> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Richard Cannon</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: December 23, 2021 [eBook #67001]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ***</div> - - -<div class="transnote"> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>Footnote anchors are denoted by <span class="fnanchor">[number]</span>, -and the footnotes have been placed at the end of each major section.</p> - -<p>Some minor changes to the text are noted at the <a href="#TN">end of the book.</a> -<span class="screenonly">These are indicated by a <ins class="corr">dotted gray</ins> underline.</span></p> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> - -<h1> -<span class="lsp">HISTORICAL RECORD</span><br /> -<span class="fs60">OF</span><br /> -<span class="fs135">THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT:</span></h1> -</div> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">CONTAINING</p> - -<p class="pfs100">AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs60">FROM THE PERIOD OF ITS BEING RAISED</p> - -<p class="pfs120">AS THE SECOND BATTALION</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs60">OF THE</p> - -<p class="pfs120">FORTY-SECOND ROYAL HIGHLANDERS,</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100 lht">IN 1780<br /> -AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES<br /> -TO 1851.</p> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<p class="pfs60">COMPILED BY</p> -<p class="pfs135">RICHARD CANNON, <span class="smcap">Esq.</span>,</p> -<p class="pfs70">ADJUTANT-GENERAL’S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS.</p> - -<hr class="r30a" /> -<p class="p1 pfs80 lsp">ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES.</p> -<hr class="r30b" /> - -<p class="pfs100">LONDON:</p> -<p class="pfs120 lsp">PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER,</p> -<p class="pfs80">30, CHARING CROSS.</p> -<hr class="r5a" /> -<p class="p1 pfs60">M DCCC LI.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_i"></a>[Pg i]</span><br /></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak fs150 lsp2" id="GENERAL_ORDERS">GENERAL ORDERS.</h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r20a" /> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<p class="p2 right fs80"><em>HORSE-GUARDS</em>,</p> -<p class="right fs80"><em>1st January, 1836</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent">His Majesty has been pleased to command that, -with the view of doing the fullest justice to Regiments, -as well as to Individuals who have distinguished -themselves by their Bravery in Action -with the Enemy, an Account of the Services of -every Regiment in the British Army shall be published -under the superintendence and direction of -the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall -contain the following particulars, viz.:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>—— The Period and Circumstances of the Original -Formation of the Regiment; The Stations at which it -has been from time to time employed; The Battles, -Sieges, and other Military Operations in which it has -been engaged, particularly specifying any Achievement -it may have performed, and the Colours, -Trophies, &c., it may have captured from the -Enemy.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of the Officers, and the number of -Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or -Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the place and -Date of the Action.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_ii"></a>[ii]</span></p> - -<p>—— The Names of those Officers who, in consideration -of their Gallant Services and Meritorious -Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have -been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other -Marks of His Majesty’s gracious favour.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned -Officers, and Privates, as may have -specially signalized themselves in Action.</p> - -<p>And,</p> - -<p>—— The Badges and Devices which the Regiment -may have been permitted to bear, and the -Causes on account of which such Badges or Devices, -or any other Marks of Distinction, have been -granted.</p> -</div> - -<p class="right padr2">By Command of the Right Honorable</p> -<p class="right padr4">GENERAL LORD HILL,</p> -<p class="right"><em>Commanding-in-Chief</em>.</p> - -<p class="p2 right smcap">John Macdonald,</p> -<p class="right padr2"><em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_iii"></a>[iii]</span><br /></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak fs150 lsp2" id="PREFACE">PREFACE.</h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<p class="noindent">The character and credit of the British Army must -chiefly depend upon the zeal and ardour by which -all who enter into its service are animated, and -consequently it is of the highest importance that any -measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, -by which alone great and gallant actions are achieved, -should be adopted.</p> - -<p>Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment -of this desirable object than a full display of the noble -deeds with which the Military History of our country -abounds. To hold forth these bright examples to -the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those -who have preceded him in their honorable career, -are among the motives that have given rise to the -present publication.</p> - -<p>The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, -announced in the “London Gazette,” from whence -they are transferred into the public prints: the -achievements of our armies are thus made known at -the time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_iv"></a>[iv]</span> -of praise and admiration to which they are entitled. -On extraordinary occasions, the Houses of Parliament -have been in the habit of conferring on the Commanders, -and the Officers and Troops acting under -their orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks -for their skill and bravery, and these testimonials, -confirmed by the high honour of their Sovereign’s -approbation, constitute the reward which the soldier -most highly prizes.</p> - -<p>It has not, however, until late years, been the practice -(which appears to have long prevailed in some of -the Continental armies) for British Regiments to keep -regular records of their services and achievements. -Hence some difficulty has been experienced in obtaining, -particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services.</p> - -<p>This defect will now be remedied, in consequence -of His Majesty having been pleased to command -that every Regiment shall, in future, keep a full and -ample record of its services at home and abroad.</p> - -<p>From the materials thus collected, the country -will henceforth derive information as to the difficulties -and privations which chequer the career of those who -embrace the military profession. In Great Britain, -where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, -and commerce, and where these pursuits have, for so<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_v"></a>[v]</span> -long a period, been undisturbed by the <em>presence of -war</em>, which few other countries have escaped, comparatively -little is known of the vicissitudes of active -service and of the casualties of climate, to which, -even during peace, the British Troops are exposed in -every part of the globe, with little or no interval of -repose.</p> - -<p>In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which -the country derives from the industry and the enterprise -of the agriculturist and the trader, its happy -inhabitants may be supposed not often to reflect on -the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,—on -their sufferings,—and on the sacrifice of valuable life, -by which so many national benefits are obtained and -preserved.</p> - -<p>The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, -and endurance, have shone conspicuously under great -and trying difficulties; and their character has been -established in Continental warfare by the irresistible -spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the -gallantry and steadiness with which they have maintained -their advantages against superior numbers.</p> - -<p>In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, -ample justice has generally been done to -the gallant exertions of the Corps employed; but -the details of their services and of acts of individual<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_vi"></a>[vi]</span> -bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments.</p> - -<p>These Records are now preparing for publication, -under His Majesty’s special authority, by Mr. -<span class="smcap">Richard Cannon</span>, Principal Clerk of the Adjutant -General’s Office; and while the perusal of them cannot -fail to be useful and interesting to military men -of every rank, it is considered that they will also -afford entertainment and information to the general -reader, particularly to those who may have served in -the Army, or who have relatives in the Service.</p> - -<p>There exists in the breasts of most of those who -have served, or are serving, in the Army, an <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Esprit -de Corps</i>—an attachment to everything belonging -to their Regiment; to such persons a narrative of -the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of -the great, the valiant, the loyal, have always been -of paramount interest with a brave and civilized -people. Great Britain has produced a race of heroes -who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood -“firm as the rocks of their native shore:” and when -half the world has been arrayed against them, they -have fought the battles of their Country with unshaken -fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,—victories so complete and surprising, -gained by our countrymen, our brothers,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_vii"></a>[vii]</span> -our fellow-citizens in arms,—a record which revives -the memory of the brave, and brings their gallant -deeds before us,—will certainly prove acceptable to -the public.</p> - -<p>Biographical Memoirs of the Colonels and other -distinguished Officers will be introduced in the -Records of their respective Regiments, and the -Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying -the value and importance of its services, will be -faithfully set forth.</p> - -<p>As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record -of each Regiment will be printed in a distinct number, -so that when the whole shall be completed, the -Parts may be bound up in numerical succession.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_viii"></a>[viii]</span><br /> - <span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_ix"></a>[ix]</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="INTRO_TO_INF">INTRODUCTION<br /> - -<span class="fs60">TO</span><br /> - -<span class="fs120 lsp2">THE INFANTRY.</span></h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r20a" /> -<hr class="r20a" /> - -<p class="p2 noindent">The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been -celebrated for innate courage and unshaken firmness, -and the national superiority of the British troops -over those of other countries has been evinced in -the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains -so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, -that no doubts can be raised upon the facts which -are recorded. It must therefore be admitted, that -the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is -<span class="smcap">Intrepidity</span>. This quality was evinced by the -inhabitants of England when their country was -invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army, on -which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into -the sea to attack the Roman soldiers as they descended -from their ships; and, although their discipline -and arms were inferior to those of their -adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing -intimidated the flower of the Roman troops, including -Cæsar’s favourite tenth legion. Their arms -consisted of spears, short swords, and other weapons -of rude construction. They had chariots, to the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_x"></a>[x]</span> -axles of which were fastened sharp pieces of iron -resembling scythe-blades, and infantry in long -chariots resembling waggons, who alighted and -fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit -or retreat, sprang into the chariot and drove off -with the speed of cavalry. These inventions were, -however, unavailing against Cæsar’s legions: in -the course of time a military system, with discipline -and subordination, was introduced, and -British courage, being thus regulated, was exerted -to the greatest advantage; a full development of -the national character followed, and it shone forth -in all its native brilliancy.</p> - -<p> -The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted -principally of infantry: Thanes, and other men of -property, however, fought on horseback. The -infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. -The former carried large shields armed with spikes, -long broad swords and spears; and the latter were -armed with swords or spears only. They had also -men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and -javelins.</p> - -<p>The feudal troops established by William the -Conqueror consisted (as already stated in the Introduction -to the Cavalry) almost entirely of horse; -but when the warlike barons and knights, with their -trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion -of men appeared on foot, and, although -these were of inferior degree, they proved stout-hearted -Britons of stanch fidelity. When stipendiary -troops were employed, infantry always constituted -a considerable portion of <ins class="corr" id="tn-x" title="Transcriber’s Note—Original text: 'The military foree'"> -the military force;</ins><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xi"></a>[xi]</span> -and this <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">arme</i> has since acquired, in every quarter -of the globe, a celebrity never exceeded by the -armies of any nation at any period.</p> - -<p>The weapons carried by the infantry, during the -several reigns succeeding the Conquest, were bows -and arrows, half-pikes, lances, halberds, various -kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour -was worn on the head and body, and in course of -time the practice became general for military men -to be so completely cased in steel, that it was -almost impossible to slay them.</p> - -<p>The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the -destructive purposes of war, in the early part of the -fourteenth century, produced a change in the arms -and equipment of the infantry-soldier. Bows and -arrows gave place to various kinds of fire-arms, but -British archers continued formidable adversaries; -and, owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect -bore of the fire-arms when first introduced, -a body of men, well trained in the use of the bow -from their youth, was considered a valuable acquisition -to every army, even as late as the sixteenth -century.</p> - -<p>During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth -each company of infantry usually consisted of -men armed five different ways; in every hundred -men forty were “<em>men-at-arms</em>,” and sixty “<em>shot</em>;” -the “men-at-arms” were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe -men, and thirty pikemen; and the “shot” were -twenty archers, twenty musketeers, and twenty -harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides his -principal weapon, a sword and dagger.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xii"></a>[xii]</span></p> - -<p>Companies of infantry varied at this period in -numbers from 150 to 300 men; each company had -a colour or ensign, and the mode of formation recommended -by an English military writer (Sir John -Smithe) in 1590 was:—the colour in the centre of -the company guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen -in equal proportions, on each flank of the -halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank of -the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers, -and the harquebusiers (whose arms were -much lighter than the muskets then in use) in equal -proportions on each flank of the company for skirmishing.<a id="FNanchor_1" href="#Footnote_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> -It was customary to unite a number of companies -into one body, called a <span class="smcap">Regiment</span>, which -frequently amounted to three thousand men: but -each company continued to carry a colour. Numerous -improvements were eventually introduced in the -construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found -impossible to make armour proof against the muskets -then in use (which carried a very heavy ball) without -its being too weighty for the soldier, armour was -gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth -century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse, -and the infantry were reduced to two classes, -viz.: <em>musketeers</em>, armed with matchlock muskets,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xiii"></a>[xiii]</span> -swords, and daggers; and <em>pikemen</em>, armed with pikes -from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords.</p> - -<p>In the early part of the seventeenth century -Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, reduced the -strength of regiments to 1000 men. He caused the -gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in -flasks, or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing -a charge, to be made up into cartridges, and -carried in pouches; and he formed each regiment -into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division -of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming -four regiments into a brigade; and the number -of colours was afterwards reduced to three in each -regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that -his infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated -Polish horsemen and Austrian cuirassiers; and his -armies became the admiration of other nations. His -mode of formation was copied by the English, -French, and other European states; but so great -was the prejudice in favour of ancient customs, that -all his improvements were not adopted until near a -century afterwards.</p> - -<p>In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service, -styled the Admiral’s regiment. In 1678 -each company of 100 men usually consisted of 30 -pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with -light firelocks. In this year the King added a company -of men armed with hand grenades to each of -the old British regiments, which was designated the -“grenadier company.” Daggers were so contrived -as to fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xiv"></a>[xiv]</span> -similar to those at present in use, were adopted about -twenty years afterwards.</p> - -<p>An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by -order of King James II., to guard the artillery, and -was designated the Royal Fusiliers (now 7th Foot). -This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did -not carry pikes.</p> - -<p>King William III. incorporated the Admiral’s -regiment in the second Foot Guards, and raised -two Marine regiments for sea-service. During the -war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting -the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 -pikemen and 46 musketeers; the captains carried -pikes; lieutenants, partisans; ensigns, half-pikes; -and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in 1697 the -Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again -formed on the breaking out of the war in 1702.<a id="FNanchor_2" href="#Footnote_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a></p> - -<p>During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were -laid aside, and every infantry soldier was armed -with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the grenadiers -ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades; -and the regiments were directed to lay aside -their third colour: the corps of Royal Artillery was -first added to the Army in this reign.</p> - -<p>About the year 1745, the men of the battalion -companies of infantry ceased to carry swords; during<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xv"></a>[xv]</span> -the reign of George II. light companies were added -to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of -General Officers recommended that the grenadiers -should lay aside their swords, as that weapon had -never been used during the Seven Years’ War. Since -that period the arms of the infantry soldier have been -limited to the musket and bayonet.</p> - -<p>The arms and equipment of the British Troops have -seldom differed materially, since the Conquest, from -those of other European states; and in some respects -the arming has, at certain periods, been allowed to -be inferior to that of the nations with whom they -have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage, -the bravery and superiority of the British infantry -have been evinced on very many and most trying -occasions, and splendid victories have been gained -over very superior numbers.</p> - -<p>Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like -champions who have dared to confront a host of -foes, and have proved themselves valiant with any -arms. At <em>Crecy</em>, King Edward III., at the head of -about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, -1346, Philip King of France, whose army is said to -have amounted to 100,000 men; here British valour -encountered veterans of renown:—the King of Bohemia, -the King of Majorca, and many princes and -nobles were slain, and the French army was routed -and cut to pieces. Ten years afterwards, Edward -Prince of Wales, who was designated the Black -Prince, defeated, at <em>Poictiers</em>, with 14,000 men, -a French army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, -and took John I., King of France, and his son<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xvi"></a>[xvi]</span> -Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October, 1415, -King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 -men, although greatly exhausted by marches, privations, -and sickness, defeated, at <em>Agincourt</em>, the -Constable of France, at the head of the flower of -the French nobility and an army said to amount to -60,000 men, and gained a complete victory.</p> - -<p>During the seventy years’ war between the United -Provinces of the Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy, -which commenced in 1578 and terminated -in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the -States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable -spirit and firmness;<a id="FNanchor_3" href="#Footnote_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> and in the thirty -years’ war between the Protestant Princes and the -Emperor of Germany, the British Troops in the service -of Sweden and other states were celebrated for -deeds of heroism.<a id="FNanchor_4" href="#Footnote_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> In the wars of Queen Anne, -the fame of the British army under the great -<span class="smcap">Marlborough</span> was spread throughout the world; -and if we glance at the achievements performed -within the memory of persons now living, there is -abundant proof that the Britons of the present age -are not inferior to their ancestors in the qualities<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xvii"></a>[xvii]</span> -which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds -of the brave men, of whom there are many now -surviving, who fought in Egypt in 1801, under the -brave Abercromby, and compelled the French army, -which had been vainly styled <em>Invincible</em>, to evacuate -that country; also the services of the gallant -Troops during the arduous campaigns in the Peninsula, -under the immortal <span class="smcap">Wellington</span>; and the -determined stand made by the British Army at -Waterloo, where Napoleon Bonaparte, who had -long been the inveterate enemy of Great Britain, -and had sought and planned her destruction by -every means he could devise, was compelled to -leave his vanquished legions to their fate, and to -place himself at the disposal of the British Government. -These achievements, with others of recent -dates, in the distant climes of India, prove that the -same valour and constancy which glowed in the -breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, Agincourt, -Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the -Britons of the nineteenth century.</p> - -<p>The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust -and muscular frame,—intrepidity which no danger -can appal,—unconquerable spirit and resolution,—patience -in fatigue and privation, and cheerful obedience -to his superiors. These qualities, united with -an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate -and give a skilful direction to the energies and -adventurous spirit of the hero, and a wise selection -of officers of superior talent to command, whose -presence inspires confidence,—have been the leading -causes of the splendid victories gained by the British<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xviii"></a>[xviii]</span> -arms.<a id="FNanchor_5" href="#Footnote_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> The fame of the deeds of the past and -present generations in the various battle-fields where -the robust sons of Albion have fought and conquered, -surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory; -these achievements will live in the page of history to -the end of time.</p> - -<p>The records of the several regiments will be found -to contain a detail of facts of an interesting character, -connected with the hardships, sufferings, and gallant -exploits of British soldiers in the various parts of the -world where the calls of their Country and the commands -of their Sovereign have required them to -proceed in the execution of their duty, whether in<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xix"></a>[xix]</span> -active continental operations, or in maintaining colonial -territories in distant and unfavourable climes.</p> - -<p>The superiority of the British infantry has been -pre-eminently set forth in the wars of six centuries, -and admitted by the greatest commanders which -Europe has produced. The formations and movements -of this <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">arme</i>, as at present practised, while -they are adapted to every species of warfare, and to -all probable situations and circumstances of service, -are calculated to show forth the brilliancy of military -tactics calculated upon mathematical and scientific -principles. Although the movements and evolutions -have been copied from the continental armies, yet -various improvements have from time to time been -introduced, to insure that simplicity and celerity by -which the superiority of the national military character -is maintained. The rank and influence which -Great Britain has attained among the nations of the -world, have in a great measure been purchased by -the valour of the Army, and to persons who have the -welfare of their country at heart, the records of the -several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting.</p> - - -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_1" href="#FNanchor_1" class="label">[1]</a> A company of 200 men would appear thus:—</p> - -<table border="0" width="95%" summary="Structure of a company"> -<tr><td colspan="4"></td><td> <img src="images/flag.jpg" width="20" alt="flag" /></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">30</td><td class="tdc">20</td> - <td class="tdc">30</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc wd10">20</td><td class="tdc wd10">20</td><td class="tdc"></td></tr> -<tr class="fs80"><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Harquebuses.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Muskets.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Halberds.</td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Muskets.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Harquebuses.</td></tr> -<tr class="fs80"><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Archers.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Pikes.</td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Pikes.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Archers.</td></tr> -</table> - -<p>The musket carried a ball which weighed <sup>1</sup>/<sub>10</sub>th of a pound; and the -harquebus a ball which weighed <sup>1</sup>/<sub>25</sub>th of a pound.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_2" href="#FNanchor_2" class="label">[2]</a> The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps -in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign of -Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under -Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and -in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at -the siege of Barcelona in 1705.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_3" href="#FNanchor_3" class="label">[3]</a> The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed -in 1590, observes:—“I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation -would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the field, -let them be chosen where they list.” Yet at this time the Spanish -infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe. For -instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during the -Seventy Years’ War, see the Historical Record of the Third Foot, or -Buffs.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_4" href="#FNanchor_4" class="label">[4]</a> <em>Vide</em> the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of -Foot.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_5" href="#FNanchor_5" class="label">[5]</a> “Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes -the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in Egypt to -that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but His Majesty -desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed on the consideration -of every part of the army, that it has been a strict observance of -order, discipline, and military system, which has given the full energy to -the native valour of the troops, and has enabled them proudly to assert -the superiority of the national military character, in situations uncommonly -arduous, and under circumstances of peculiar difficulty.”—<cite>General -Orders in 1801.</cite></p> - -<p>In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope (afterwards -Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the successful result -of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January, 1809, it is stated:—“On -no occasion has the undaunted valour of British troops ever been more -manifest. At the termination of a severe and harassing march, rendered -necessary by the superiority which the enemy had acquired, and -which had materially impaired the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages -were to be encountered. These have all been surmounted by -the conduct of the troops themselves: and the enemy has been taught, -that whatever advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there -is inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows not -how to yield,—that no circumstances can appal,—and that will ensure -victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any human means.”</p> - -</div> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<p class="p4 pfs150">THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs70">BEARS ON THE REGIMENTAL COLOUR AND APPOINTMENTS</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100">THE WORD “MANGALORE,”</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs70">IN COMMEMORATION OF THE GALLANT DEFENCE OF THAT FORTRESS IN 1783;</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">ALSO,</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100">THE WORD “SERINGAPATAM,”</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs70">FOR THE SIEGE AND CAPTURE OF THAT PLACE IN 1799;</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">AND,</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs120 lsp">THE WORD “WATERLOO,”</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs70 lht">IN TESTIMONY OF THE GALLANTRY OF THE SECOND BATTALION<br /> -AT THAT BATTLE ON THE 18th OF JUNE, 1815.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxv"></a>[xxv]</span><br /></p> - -<p class="pfs80">THE</p> -<p class="p1 pfs150">SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT.</p> - -<hr class="r20" /> -<h2 class="nobreak lsp" id="CONTENTS">CONTENTS<br /> -<span class="fs60">OF THE</span><br /> -<span class="fs80">HISTORICAL RECORD.</span></h2> -<hr class="r20" /> - -<table class="autotable fs90" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl fs80"> Year</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr fs80"> Page</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl smcap">Introduction</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1780</td> -<td class="tdl">Formation of the second battalion of the forty-second, - afterwards the <span class="allsmcap"><span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span></span> regiment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1781</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for India</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_6">6</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1782</td> -<td class="tdl">Campaign against Hyder Ali, and Tippoo Saib</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Operations before <em>Paniané</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Defeat of Tippoo’s army</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Decease of Hyder Ali, and succession of Tippoo to the throne of Mysore</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1783</td> -<td class="tdl">Siege and capture of <em>Onore</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Action at the Hussanghurry Ghaut</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Occupation of <em>Mangalore</em> by the British</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl"><em>Mangalore</em> invested by Tippoo Sultan</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Defence of <em>Mangalore</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The Royal authority granted for bearing the word “<em>Mangalore</em>” on the regimental - colour and appointments</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Armistice between the British and Tippoo</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Renewal of hostilities</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxvi"></a>[xxvi]</span></td> -<td class="tdl">Second siege of Mangalore</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Termination of hostilities</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarkation of the battalion for Calcutta</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Employed on service in the Upper Provinces</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1786</td> -<td class="tdl">The second battalion of the forty-second numbered the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General Sir George Osborn, Bart. appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Alteration of the facings from <em>blue</em> to <em>dark green</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Establishment of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General Medows appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1789</td> -<td class="tdl">Hostilities renewed by Tippoo</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1790</td> -<td class="tdl">The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment removed to the seat of war</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">And ordered to compose part of the force under Major-General Abercromby</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1791</td> -<td class="tdl">Action with the Sultan, and the siege of <em>Seringapatam</em> deferred by the British</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1792</td> -<td class="tdl">Operations of the troops under Major-General Abercromby</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Preparations for the siege of <em>Seringapatam</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Cessation of hostilities</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Effects of the French revolution on the affairs of India</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1793</td> -<td class="tdl">Expedition against the French settlement of <em>Pondicherry</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1795</td> -<td class="tdl">Capture of the Dutch settlements in <em>Ceylon</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1796</td> -<td class="tdl">The regiment stationed in that island, and employed in completing its conquest</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General Lake appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1797</td> -<td class="tdl">The regiment embarked for Madras</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1798</td> -<td class="tdl">Removed to Poonamallee</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1798<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxvii"></a>[xxvii]</span></td> -<td class="tdl">Alliances formed by Tippoo for renewing hostilities</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1799</td> -<td class="tdl">The regiment ordered to take the field</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Action at <em>Mallavelly</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Siege and capture of Seringapatam</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Death of Tippoo, and termination of the campaign</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Casualties of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Authorised to bear the word “<span class="smcap">Seringapatam</span>” on the regimental colour and appointments</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">General Orders issued on the occasion of the above victory</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Partition of the late Sultan’s territory</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1800</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General George Harris appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The regiment employed against the Polygars</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1801</td> -<td class="tdl">Removed to Gooty</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1802</td> -<td class="tdl">Proceeded to Bellary</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1803</td> -<td class="tdl">Returned to Gooty</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Proceeded to Pondicherry</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1804</td> -<td class="tdl">Removed to Madras</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1805</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for England</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1806</td> -<td class="tdl">Disembarked at Greenwich</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Proceeded to Scotland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1807</td> -<td class="tdl">New colours received by the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1808</td> -<td class="tdl">Formation of the second battalion</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1809</td> -<td class="tdl">Discontinuance of the <em>Highland</em> dress by the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> and five other regiments</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The first battalion embarked for New South Wales</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1810</td> -<td class="tdl">Arrival at Sydney</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1812</td> -<td class="tdl">Augmentation of establishment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1814</td> -<td class="tdl">The first battalion embarked for Ceylon</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1814<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxviii"></a>[xxviii]</span></td> -<td class="tdl">Complimentary General Order issued on the occasion</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Aspect of affairs in Ceylon</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1816</td> -<td class="tdl">Invasion of the kingdom of Candy by the British</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Deposition of the king of Candy, and annexation of his territory to the British Crown</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1817</td> -<td class="tdl">Disbandment of the second battalion</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Reduction of the refractory Candian chiefs</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1818</td> -<td class="tdl">Casualties sustained on this service</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Medals struck for acts of individual gallantry</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1821</td> -<td class="tdl">The regiment embarked for England</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Landed at Gravesend, and proceeded to Weedon</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Reduction of establishment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1823</td> -<td class="tdl">The regiment proceeded to Scotland</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Removed to Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1825</td> -<td class="tdl">Augmentation of establishment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Riots in Lancashire and Yorkshire</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1826</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for England</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Tranquillity restored, and return of the regiment to Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_34">34</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1827</td> -<td class="tdl">Formed into service and depôt companies</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Service companies embarked for Gibraltar</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1829</td> -<td class="tdl">Casualties from fever at Gibraltar</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General Sir Frederick Adam, K.C.B. appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Service companies proceeded to Malta, and complimentary order prior to embarkation from Gibraltar</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1830</td> -<td class="tdl">Depôt companies removed from Ireland to Great Britain</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_36">36</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Address from Major-General Maurice O’Connell on his promotion from the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1831</td> -<td class="tdl">Depôt companies proceeded to Jersey</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1834</td> -<td class="tdl">Service companies embarked for the Ionian Islands</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1835<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxix"></a>[xxix]</span></td> -<td class="tdl">Depôt companies removed to Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General William George Lord Harris, K.C.H. appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1838</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarkation of the service companies for Nova Scotia</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Service companies removed to Canada</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1839</td> -<td class="tdl">Depôt companies proceeded to Great Britain</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1841</td> -<td class="tdl">Return of the service companies to England</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Consolidation of the regiment at Gosport</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1842</td> -<td class="tdl">Stationed at Woolwich, subsequently at Bradford, and afterwards at Newport, in Monmouthshire</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1844</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1845</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General Sir Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B., appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Formed into service and depôt companies</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarkation of the former for the Cape of Good Hope</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Detained at Monte Video</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1846</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General Sir John Grey, K.C.B., appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The service companies employed in the protection of Monte Video</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_40">40</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Re-embarkation of the service companies for the Cape of Good Hope</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Employed against the Kaffirs</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1847</td> -<td class="tdl">Casualties on this service</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1848</td> -<td class="tdl">Removed to Cape Town</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1849</td> -<td class="tdl">Major-General Richard Goddard Hare Clarges appointed colonel of the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1850</td> -<td class="tdl">Removal of the service companies to the frontier</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1851</td> -<td class="tdl">Employed against the Kaffirs</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxx"></a>[xxx]</span><br /></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak lsp" id="CONTENTS2">CONTENTS<br /> -<span class="fs60">OF THE</span><br /> -<span class="fs90">HISTORICAL RECORD.</span><br /> -<span class="fs60">OF</span><br /> -<span class="fs80">THE SECOND BATTALION</span></h2> - -<p class="pfs70">OF</p> -<p class="pfs150">THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT.</p> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<table class="autotable fs90" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl fs80"> Year</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr fs80"> Page</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl smcap">Introduction</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1808</td> -<td class="tdl">Formation of the Second Battalion</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1809</td> -<td class="tdl">Received volunteers from the Militia</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1810</td> -<td class="tdl">Removed from Ashborne to Derby, and subsequently to Ashford</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1811</td> -<td class="tdl">Augmentation of establishment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1812</td> -<td class="tdl">Removed to Deal, and afterwards to the Tower</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1813</td> -<td class="tdl">Augmentation of establishment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for Swedish Pomerania</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Joined the allied forces under Lieut.-General Count Wallmoden</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Action at <em>Gorde</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The second battalion proceeded to the north of Germany</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Proceeded to England, but embarked, without landing, for Holland</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_46">46</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1814</td> -<td class="tdl">Bombardment of Antwerp</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Action at <em>Merxem</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">March of the British troops to Breda</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1814<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxxi"></a>[xxxi]</span></td> -<td class="tdl">Bombardment of a detachment of the battalion in Fort Frederick by a French gun-ship</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Conclusion of peace</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1815</td> -<td class="tdl">Return of Napoleon from Elba to Paris</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_48">48</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Renewal of hostilities</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Rapid advance of Napoleon</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The British proceeded to Charleroi</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Action at <em>Quatre Bras</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Casualties of the battalion</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Battle of <span class="smcap">Waterloo</span></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Casualties of the battalion</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Honors conferred for the victory</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Authorised to bear the word “<span class="smcap">Waterloo</span>” on the colour and appointments</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Return of Louis XVIII. to Paris</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Surrender of Napoleon, and his conveyance to St. Helena</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarkation of the battalion for England</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_54">54</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1816</td> -<td class="tdl">Stationed at Nottingham</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1817</td> -<td class="tdl">The second battalion disbanded</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1851</td> -<td class="tdl smcap">Conclusion</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_55">55</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxxii"></a>[xxxii]</span><br /></p> - -<h3>SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</h3> -</div> - -<p class="pfs60">OF</p> - -<p class="pfs120">THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT.</p> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<table class="autotable fs90" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl fs80"> Year</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr fs80"> Page</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1786</td> -<td class="tdl">Sir George Osborn, Bart.</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_57">57</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Sir William Medows</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_58">58</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1796</td> -<td class="tdl">Gerard, afterward Viscount Lake</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_59">59</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1800</td> -<td class="tdl">George Lord Harris, G.C.B.</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_61">61</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1829</td> -<td class="tdl">The Right Honorable Sir Frederick Adam, G.C.B.</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_63">63</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1835</td> -<td class="tdl">William George Lord Harris, C.B. and K.C.H.</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_64">64</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1845</td> -<td class="tdl">Sir Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B. and K.C.H.</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_66">66</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1846</td> -<td class="tdl">Sir John Grey, K.C.B.</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_68">68</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1849</td> -<td class="tdl">Richard Goddard Hare Clarges, C.B.</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<hr class="r20" /> -<h3>APPENDIX.</h3> - -<table class="autotable fs90" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Memoir of Major-General Lachlan Macquarie</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_69">69</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Memoir of Lieutenant-General Sir Maurice Charles O’Connell, K.C.H.</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_70">70</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><ins class="corr" id="tn-xxxii" title="Transcriber’s Note—this appendix does not exist in the original book."> -British and Hanoverian army at Waterloo on the 18th of June 1815</ins></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#TN">73</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - -<hr class="r20" /> -<h3>PLATES.</h3> - -<table class="autotable fs90" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Colours of the Regiment</td> -<td class="tdc"><em>to face</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#i_001">1</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Storming of Seringapatam, 4th May, 1799</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#i_018">18</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Costume of the Regiment</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#i_056">56</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<div class="figcenter illowp75" id="i_001" style="max-width: 40.625em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/frontispiece.jpg" alt="" /> - <div class="caption">LXXIII REGIMENT<br /> -<em>For Cannon’s Military Records</em><br /> -<p class="fs80"><em>Madeley lith. 3 Wellington S^t Strand</em></p> -</div> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_1"></a>[1]</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="INTRODUCTION">INTRODUCTION<br /> -<span class="fs60">TO THE</span><br /> -<span class="fs90">HISTORICAL RECORD</span></h2> -</div> - -<p class="pfs70">OF THE</p> - -<p class="pfs150">SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT.</p> - -<p class="p1"> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<hr class="r20a" /> - -<p class="p2 noindent">During the last century several corps, at successive -periods, have been borne on the establishment of the -army, and numbered the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>; the following -details are therefore prefixed to the historical record -of the services of the regiment which now bears that -number, in order to prevent its being connected with -those corps which have been designated by the same -numerical title, but whose services have been totally -distinct.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>In the spring of 1758, the second battalions of fifteen -regiments of infantry, from the 3rd to the 37th, were -directed to be formed into distinct regiments, and to -be numbered from the 61st to the 75th successively, -as follows:—</p> - - - -<div class="pad6"> -<table class="autotable fs80" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdc" colspan="2"><em>Second Battalion</em></td> -<td class="tdc" colspan="3"><em>Constituted</em></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">3rd</td> -<td class="tdl">Foot</td> -<td class="tdc">the</td> -<td class="tdc">61st</td> -<td class="tdc">regiment.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">4th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">62nd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">8th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">63rd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">11th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">64th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">12th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">65th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">19th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">66th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">20th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">67th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">23rd<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_2"></a>[2]</span></td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">the</td> -<td class="tdc">68th</td> -<td class="tdc">regiment.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">24th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">69th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">31st</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">70th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">32nd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">71st</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">33rd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">72nd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">34th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">73rd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">36th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">74th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr">37th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">75th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -</table> -</div> - -<p>The 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, and 75th regiments, -thus formed, were disbanded in 1763, after the peace -of Fontainebleau.</p> - -<p>Several other corps were likewise disbanded at this -period, which occasioned a change in the numerical -titles of the following regiments of Invalids.</p> - - -<table class="autotable fs80" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdc">The</td> -<td class="tdc">81st</td> -<td class="tdc">regiment (Invalids)</td> -<td class="tdc">was numbered</td> -<td class="tdc">the</td> -<td class="tdc">71st</td> -<td class="tdc">regiment.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdc"> ”</td> -<td class="tdc">82nd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">72nd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdc"> ”</td> -<td class="tdc">116th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">73rd</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdc"> ”</td> -<td class="tdc">117th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">74th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdc"> ”</td> -<td class="tdc">118th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -<td class="tdc">75th</td> -<td class="tdc">”</td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<p>The 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, and 75th regiments, -thus numbered, were formed into independent companies -of Invalids in the year 1769, which increased -the number of Invalid Companies from eight to twenty; -they were appropriated to the following garrisons, -namely four companies at Guernsey, four at Jersey, -three at Hull, two at Chester, two at Tilbury Fort, -two at Sheerness, one at Landguard Fort, one at Pendennis, -and one in the Scilly Islands.</p> - -<p>These numerical titles became thus extinct until -October, 1775, when the seventy-first regiment was -raised. In December, 1777, further augmentations -were made to the army, and the regiments which were -directed to be raised, were numbered from the seventy-second -to the eighty-third regiment.</p> - -<p>The army was subsequently increased to one hundred<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_3"></a>[3]</span> -and five regular regiments of infantry, exclusive of -eleven unnumbered regiments, and thirty-six independent -companies of Invalids.</p> - -<p>The conclusion of the general peace in 1783, occasioned -the disbandment of several regiments (commencing -with the seventy-first regiment), and thus -changed the numerical titles of certain regiments -retained on the reduced establishment of the army.</p> - -<p>In 1786 the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> was directed to be -numbered the seventy-first regiment; the seventy-eighth -to be numbered the seventy-second; and the -second battalion of the forty-second to be constituted -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment. These corps had been -directed to be raised in Scotland in 1777 and 1779, -and were denominated Highland regiments.</p> - -<p>The details of the services of the present <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment are contained in the following pages; -the histories of the seventy-first and seventy-second -regiments are given in distinct numbers.</p> - -<p class="p2"> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<p class="pfs120">1851</p> -<hr class="r20a" /> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_4"></a>[4]</span><br /> - <span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_5"></a>[5]</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak fs120" id="HISTORICAL_RECORD">HISTORICAL RECORD</h2> -</div> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">OF</p> - -<p class="pfs150">THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT;</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">ORIGINALLY RAISED AS</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs120 lht">THE SECOND BATTALION OF THE FORTY-SECOND -ROYAL HIGHLAND REGIMENT.</p> - -<p> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<hr class="r20a" /> - -<div class="sidenote">1779<br />1780</div> - -<p class="p1 noindent">The present <span class="allsmcap">seventy-third</span> regiment was authorised, -on the 30th of July 1779, to be raised as the <em>Second -Battalion of the Forty-second Royal Highlanders</em>, and was -embodied at Perth, on the 21st of March 1780. Its establishment -consisted of one lieut.-colonel (and captain), -one major (and captain), eight captains, twelve lieutenants, -eight ensigns, one chaplain, one adjutant, one -quarter-master, one surgeon, one mate, thirty serjeants, -forty corporals, twenty drummers, two pipers, and seven -hundred private men. Soon after its formation, the -battalion marched to Fort George to be drilled and -disciplined, and in the course of the year was ordered -to proceed to England for embarkation for India, where -events had occurred which occasioned reinforcements -to be sent to that country.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1781</div> - -<p>Hyder Ali, a soldier of fortune, had risen to the -chief command of the army of the Ruler of Mysore,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_6"></a>[6]</span> -and when the Rajah died, leaving his eldest son a minor, -Hyder Ali assumed the guardianship of the youthful -prince, whom he placed under restraint, and seized on -the reins of government. Having a considerable territory -under his control, he maintained a formidable -military establishment, which he endeavoured to bring -into a high state of discipline and efficiency. He soon -evinced decided hostility to the British interests in -India, and formed a league with the French. Hostilities -had also commenced between Great Britain and -Holland, and the British troops were employed in dispossessing -the Dutch of their settlements in Bengal, -and on the coast of Coromandel. Thus three powers -were opposed to the British interests in India, and the -<em>Second Battalion of the Forty-second Royal Highland</em> -regiment was ordered to proceed to that country.</p> - -<p>About the end of the previous year the battalion -had arrived at Gravesend from North Britain, and on -the 21st of January 1781, embarked at Portsmouth for -India, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Norman -Macleod.</p> - -<p>One division of the regiment landed at Madras on -the 18th of May: but the other divisions, consisting of -seven companies and a half, had a voyage of thirteen -months and thirteen days; they ultimately landed at -Bombay in February 1782.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1782</div> - -<p>These divisions, soon after landing, took the field, -and the battalion was subsequently united under the -command of Lieut.-Colonel Macleod, when it shared in -the campaign against Hyder Ali and his son Tippoo -Saib.</p> - -<p>The situation of Colonel Thomas Frederick Mackenzie -Humberston (Lieut.-Colonel Commandant of the -seventy-eighth, now seventy-second regiment) who had<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_7"></a>[7]</span> -been despatched with troops to the Malabar coast, -having become very perilous, the second battalion of -the <em>Forty-second</em> regiment, with other troops, proceeded -to his relief at Mungarry Cottah. In the meantime -Tippoo Saib, with his usual activity, suddenly collected -a body of troops, and proceeded to cut off the force at -that station. Notwithstanding the secrecy of the expedition, -Colonel Humberston received some vague -intelligence of its arrival on the northern banks of the -Coleroon, and suspecting at once the design of the -enemy, destroyed the fortifications at Mungarry Cottah, -and retreated to Ramgaree; where receiving certain -information that Tippoo was approaching with the -utmost rapidity, he withdrew to <em>Paniané</em>, fighting every -step of the march. Upon arriving at the river Paniané, -a deep ford, after a search of two hours, was found, -and the troops passed over, up to the chin in water, -with the loss of only two camp followers. He gained -the Fort of <em>Paniané</em> on the 20th of November, much to -the surprise of Tippoo, who had expected an easy -conquest.</p> - -<p>Colonel Macleod, of the second battalion of the <em>Forty-second</em> -regiment, having arrived at <em>Paniané</em> from Madras, -the command of the forces devolved upon him, and the -place was immediately invested by Tippoo Saib and -Monsieur Lally, with an army amounting to eight thousand -infantry, including some hundreds of French and -Europeans; ten thousand cavalry, and above six thousand -polygars. The enemy kept up a considerable but -ineffectual cannonade for some days; the British commander -at length endeavoured to surprise the enemy’s -camp, but after forcing an outpost or two, and taking -a few prisoners, the colonel found it necessary to relinquish -the design.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_8"></a>[8]</span></p> - -<p>This sally was returned by Tippoo in a few days, -who made a vigorous attack with his combined army on -the 28th of November, being led by Monsieur Lally at -the head of his Europeans. Tippoo’s forces were everywhere -repulsed with the greatest gallantry, and the -victors profited by their success as much as their -disparity in numbers would admit. About two hundred -of the dead of the enemy, whom he was not able -to carry off, were buried by the British; and a French -officer, who led one of the columns to the attack, was -taken prisoner. Colonel Macleod and the troops under -his command acquired great praise for their gallantry -at <em>Paniané</em>.</p> - -<p>Tippoo acknowledged his defeat by repassing the -river Paniané, and placing it as a barrier against the -British. A state of inaction succeeded on both sides -for several days: but in the night between the 11th -and 12th of December, Tippoo suddenly broke up his -camp, and returned by rapid marches to Palacatcherry, -from whence he proceeded directly back to the Carnatic.</p> - -<p>In December 1782, occurred the decease of Hyder -Ali, and he left a kingdom of his own acquisition to his -son Tippoo Saib, who now became one of the most -powerful princes in India.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1783</div> - -<p>Brigadier-General Mathews having determined to -besiege the city of <em>Onore</em>, situated midway between -Paniané and Bombay, Colonel Macleod embarked as -many troops as the ships were capable of receiving, but -the place was taken in January 1783, before their -arrival.</p> - -<p>The President and Council of Bombay had despatched -orders to Brigadier-General Mathews, that he should -penetrate through the Ghauts, (as the passes in the -mountains on both sides of the Indian Peninsula are<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_9"></a>[9]</span> -termed,) into the Bednore or Canara country, and particularly -to gain possession of the capital, which along -with a strong fort on a small mountain that joins the city, -were the great depositories of the treasures collected by -the late Hyder Ali, as well as the grand magazines of -his arms and military stores.</p> - -<p>After the capture of <em>Onore</em>, Brigadier-General -Mathews, in pursuance of his orders, proceeded further -down the coast, and took the towm of Cundapore with -little loss. He subsequently forced a passage through -the Ghauts, and the rich Canara kingdom, with its -capital, now lay open to the invaders. The city of -Bednore had recently changed its name to Hyder -Nagur, or the Royal City of Hyder.</p> - -<p>The government and command of the city and country -were lodged in the hands of Hyat Saib, who surrendered -the place to the British, after an action had -taken place at the Hussanghurry Ghaut. This occurred -early in February 1783; and on the 9th of March -<em>Mangalore</em> fell into the hands of the British.</p> - -<p>Tippoo Saib, who had now succeeded to the title of -Sultan, determined to use every effort for the recovery -of these favorite possessions. Having recovered Bednore, -which surrendered on the 28th of April, the Sultan, -in defiance of the terms of the capitulation, ordered -Brigadier-General Mathews and his officers into close -confinement, from which they never returned, being -afterwards put to a violent death.</p> - -<p>Tippoo next proceeded to invest <em>Mangalore</em>, on the -Malabar coast, and it required all the abilities of -Lieut.-Colonel John Campbell, major of the <em>Forty-second</em>, -seconded by the well-tried valour of the second -battalion of that regiment, and other corps, to supply -the defects of the fortifications. The place was invested<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_10"></a>[10]</span> -on the 18th of May by the whole of the enemy’s -forces, commanded by Tippoo in person. The garrison -under Lieut.-Colonel Campbell (Colonel Macleod being -employed as a Brigadier-General), made a most gallant -and successful defence, subject to hardships and wants -which have seldom been exceeded in the annals of -sieges.</p> - -<p>In consequence of the General Peace which had been -entered into with the European Powers, Tippoo became -deprived of his French allies, and the Sultan entered -into negociations for terminating the war between -Mysore and the British, when an armistice took place.</p> - -<p>This event terminated the siege of <em>Mangalore</em> about -the end of September, at a time when all the works -which defended the garrison were nearly shattered to -pieces; all the provisions exhausted, and numbers of -the brave soldiers were dying daily, victims of want -and disease.<a id="FNanchor_6" href="#Footnote_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a></p> - -<p>The contest was, however, again renewed, and the -garrison was a second time invested by Tippoo.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1784</div> - -<p>The fortress of <em>Mangalore</em> was defended until the -25th of February 1784, when sickness, and the want of -provisions, compelled Lieut.-Colonel Campbell to -evacuate the place, after obtaining the most honorable -terms from the enemy. Peace was afterwards -concluded with the Sultan of Mysore on the 11th of -March following.</p> - -<p>The battalion embarked in this year for Calcutta, -and was employed on active service in the Upper Provinces -of Bengal.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_11"></a>[11]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1786</div> - -<p>The <em>Seventy-third</em> Highland Regiment, having in the -year 1786 been directed to be numbered the <em>Seventy-first</em> -Regiment, the <em>Second Battalion</em> of the <em>Forty-second</em> -Royal Highland Regiment was constituted a distinct -corps, and numbered the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> Highland -Regiment, the colonelcy being conferred upon Major-General -Sir George Osborn, Bart., (Lieut.-Colonel of -the Third Foot Guards), from the 18th of April 1786. -The facings were at the same time altered from <em>blue</em> to -<em>dark green</em>.</p> - -<p>The establishment of the regiment for the ten companies -serving in India, was fixed as follows:—One -colonel, with an allowance in lieu of a company; one -lieut.-colonel and captain, one major and captain; eight -captains, twelve lieutenants, eight ensigns, one chaplain, -one adjutant, one quarter-master, one surgeon, one -surgeon’s mate, thirty serjeants, forty corporals, twenty -drummers, two fifers, and seven hundred private men. -The company kept at home for recruiting consisted of -one captain, one lieutenant, one ensign, six serjeants, -eight corporals, four drummers, and seventy private -men: in all nine hundred and nineteen.</p> - -<p>On the 11th of August 1786, Major-General William -Medows was appointed to be colonel of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, -in succession to Major-General Sir George -Osborn, Bart., who was removed to the fortieth regiment.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1789</div> - -<p>The insatiable ambition of Tippoo Sultan, the powerful -ruler of the Mysore, soon involved the British -Government in India in another war; he appeared -near the confines of Travancore, at the head of a powerful -army, made unreasonable demands on the Rajah, -a British ally, and commenced hostilities towards the -end of December 1789.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1790</div> - -<p>This caused the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment to be removed<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_12"></a>[12]</span> -from the Presidency of Bengal, and it joined the -troops under Major-General Robert Abercromby, which -consisted of His Majesty’s seventy-fifth and seventy-seventh -regiments, in addition to other corps belonging -to the East India Company.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1791</div> - -<p>The Mahratta armies having advanced to Seringapatam -in May 1791, later than the appointed period, their -delay, and other unforeseen circumstances, compelled -General Charles Earl Cornwallis, K.G., to destroy his -battering train, after having defeated Tippoo on the -15th of May, in a pitched battle, and obliged his lordship -to lead back his army, leaving the siege of the -enemy’s capital to be the object of another campaign.</p> - -<p>The Bombay army, of which the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -formed part, commanded by Major-General Abercromby, -had, with infinite labour, formed roads, and brought a -battering train, with a large supply of provisions and -stores, over fifty miles of woody mountains called Ghauts, -that immense barrier separating the Mysore country -from the Malabar coast. This army, after surmounting -all its difficulties, had therefore to retrace its steps, -worn down by sickness and fatigue, and exposed to the -incessant rains which then deluged the western coast of -India.</p> - -<p>The troops under Major-General Abercromby were -again ordered to act from the same quarter as in the -former campaign; they marched on the 5th of December -towards the Poodicherrim Ghaut, and took possession -of the pass on the 15th of that month.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1792</div> - -<p>On the 5th of February 1792, General the Earl -Cornwallis directed Major-General Abercromby to -march from his encampment near Periapatam, and on -the 11th of that month he crossed the Cavery, at -Eratore, a ford about thirty miles <ins class="corr" id="tn-12" title="Transcriber’s Note—Original text: 'above eSringapatam'"> -above Seringapatam</ins>,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_13"></a>[13]</span> -and joined the army under Earl Cornwallis on the 16th -of February.</p> - -<p>Meanwhile the army under General the Earl Cornwallis -had attacked the forces of the Sultan on the -night of the 6th of February, near <em>Seringapatam</em>, and -gained a decisive victory.</p> - -<p>The power of the Sultan being greatly reduced, and -preparations for the siege of his capital having been -commenced, he sued for peace, and a treaty was concluded, -by which half of his dominions were ceded to -the allies. A large sum of money was also to be paid -by the Sultan, all the prisoners in his power were released, -and two of his sons were delivered as hostages.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1793</div> - -<p>The French Revolution, which had commenced a few -years previously, had at this period assumed a character -which called forth the efforts of other countries to -arrest the progress of its destructive principles, and on -the 1st of February 1793, shortly after the decapitation -of Louis XVI., war was declared by the National Convention -of France against Great Britain and Holland.</p> - -<p>News of this event arrived in India in May 1793; in -June the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment was ordered to prepare -to take the field; it marched soon afterwards -against the French settlement of <em>Pondicherry</em>, on the -coast of Coromandel, and arrived before the fortress in -July,—being formed in brigade, with the seventy-second -and seventy-fourth regiments, and the third East India -Company’s European regiment, under Lieut.-Colonel -David Baird of the seventy-first regiment; the troops -employed on this service were commanded by Colonel -John Brathwaite.</p> - -<p>The siege of <em>Pondicherry</em> was commenced in the early -part of August, the army encamping in a thick wood -where tigers were so numerous, that the natives durst<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_14"></a>[14]</span> -not travel in the night. On the 22nd of August a -white flag was displayed by the garrison, with a request -for permission to surrender. The French soldiers in -the fortress had embraced democratical principles, and -were particularly insubordinate; they insisted that the -governor should surrender, but after the white flag was -displayed, they fired two shells, which killed several -men. During the night they were guilty of every species -of outrage, breaking into houses and becoming intoxicated. -On the following morning, a number of them -environed the house of the Governor, General Charmont, -and threatened to hang him before the door, when -application was made to the British for protection. The -English soldiers rushed into the town, overpowered the -insurgents, rescued the governor, and preserved the -inhabitants from further violence.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1795</div> - -<p>In the early part of the year 1795, Holland became -united to France, and was styled the Batavian republic. -When information of this event arrived in India, an -expedition was immediately fitted out against the large -and mountainous island of <em>Ceylon</em>, where the Dutch had -several settlements, and the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> Highlanders -were selected to take part in the enterprise; the troops -employed on this service were commanded by Colonel -James Stuart, of the seventy-second, who was promoted -to the rank of Major-General at this period. The fleet -arrived on the coast of Ceylon on the 1st of August, -and two days afterwards they landed four miles north -of the Fort of <em>Trincomalee</em>; the siege of the place was -commenced as soon as the artillery and stores could be -landed, and removed sufficiently near to the place. On -the 26th of August a practicable breach was effected, -and the garrison surrendered. The fort of <em>Batticaloe</em> -surrendered on the 18th of September, and the fort<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_15"></a>[15]</span> -and island of <em>Manaar</em> capitulated on the 5th of October.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1796</div> - -<p>The regiment continued to be actively employed -until the whole of the Dutch settlements in Ceylon were -reduced, which was accomplished in February, 1796, -when the governor, John Geraud Van Angelbeck, -surrendered the fortress of <em>Colombo</em> to the British arms. -The people in the interior of the island had not been -deprived of their independence by the Dutch, and -they were not interfered with by the British so long as -they preserved a peaceful demeanour.</p> - -<p>Major-General Gerard Lake was removed from the -colonelcy of the fifty-third to that of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment on the 2nd of November, 1796, in succession -to Lieut.-General Sir William Medows, K.B., who was -appointed colonel of the seventh dragoon guards.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1797</div> - -<p>In April 1797, the regiment proceeded from Colombo -to Point Pedro, in Ceylon, and shortly afterwards embarked -for Madras. It was removed from Fort St. -George to Wallajahbad in October, but returned to -Fort St. George in January, 1798.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1798</div> - -<p>The regiment proceeded from Fort St. George to -Poonamallee in September, 1798, and continued at -that station during the remainder of the year.</p> - -<p>The reduction of the power and resources of Tippoo -Saib, effected by the treaty of Seringapatam in 1792, -had weakened, but not extinguished, the evils consequent -on his inveterate hatred of the British. The -Sultan had entered into a negociation with the Governor -of the Isle of France in 1798, and sent an embassy to -Zemaun Shah, sovereign of Cabool, for the purpose of -exciting him to an attack on the British possessions. -Having also derived encouragement from the successes -of Napoleon Bonaparte in Egypt, from which country<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_16"></a>[16]</span> -the French Directory intended to act against the British -dominions in India, Tippoo commenced augmenting -his military force, and his hostile designs became every -day more apparent. The Governor-General the Earl -of Mornington (afterwards the Marquis Wellesley), seeing -a rupture inevitable, resolved to anticipate the -attack, and ordered the British army to take the -field, and march into the heart of the dominions of the -Sultan Tippoo Saib.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1799</div> - -<p>In conformity to these orders, Major-General George -(afterwards Lord) Harris, who was serving with the -local rank of lieut.-general, advanced with the army -under his command, on the 11th of February, 1799, and -entered the Mysore territory on the 5th of March. The -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> formed part of the second brigade under -Colonel John Coape Sherbroke, Lieut.-Colonel of the -thirty-third regiment.</p> - -<p>The army reached Mallavelly on the 27th of March, -when on approaching the ground of encampment, the -forces of Tippoo Sultan were discovered drawn up on -a height at a few miles distance. The advanced piquets -were attacked by the enemy, and a general action ensued. -The enemy lost one thousand killed and wounded, -and immediately retreated upon Seringapatam.</p> - -<p>On the following day the army advanced, and arrived -before Seringapatam on the 5th of April, when preparations -for the siege were commenced.</p> - -<p>On the 20th of April an attack was made on an entrenchment -of the enemy, about six o’clock in the -evening. Colonel Sherbroke, commanding the advanced -posts, directed the attack. Three different -columns were to advance at the same time from Macdonald’s -post; one to the left, under Lieut.-Colonel -Michael Monypenny, of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, consisting<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_17"></a>[17]</span> -of four companies of that regiment, and four of the -Bengal volunteers, was to proceed along the bank of -the river Cavery, and to turn the right flank of the -enemy’s entrenched post. Another, to the right, consisting -of the flank companies of the twelfth regiment, -and two companies of Bengal volunteers, under Lieut.-Colonel -Gardiner, was to move along Macdonald’s nullah, -and to turn the enemy’s left. The centre column, -composed of six companies of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, -and four of the Bengal volunteers, under Brevet -Lieut.-Colonel the Honorable George St. John, -(Major of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment), was directed -to make a feint, which was to be converted into a real -attack, should it be deemed expedient.</p> - -<p>The three columns at dusk, advanced under a well-directed -fire from the guns which commanded the -entrenchment. The enemy’s resistance was unavailing, -and the several attacks were completely successful. It -was afterwards ascertained, that the enemy had two -hundred and fifty men in killed and wounded, and it is -remarkable, that although about eighteen hundred of -Tippoo’s infantry occupied the entrenchment, the British, -in this attack, had only one man wounded.<a id="FNanchor_7" href="#Footnote_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a></p> - -<p>The siege of Seringapatam was prosecuted with -vigour. On the 26th of April, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> had -Lieutenant James Todd wounded; and Lieutenant -Archibald John Maclean was wounded on the following -day. A breach being reported practicable on the -3rd of May, the assault was ordered, and the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment was selected to take part in this enterprise, -which was ordered to be commenced in the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_18"></a>[18]</span> -heat of the following day, as the enemy’s troops would -then be the least prepared to oppose the attack.</p> - -<p>The assault took place about half-past one o’clock in -the afternoon of the 4th of May, and the troops for this -service, commanded by Major-General David Baird, -were divided into two columns of attack. The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, -with the seventy-fourth regiment, four European -flank companies, fourteen Sepoy flank companies, with -fifty artillerymen, formed the right column, under -Colonel Sherbroke. Each column was preceded by one -serjeant and twelve men, volunteers, supported by an -advanced party of one subaltern and twenty-five men. -A brigade of engineers, under Captain Caldwell, accompanied -the storming party; Lieutenant James -Farquhar, of the seventy-fourth, commanded the European -pioneers, and Lieutenant John Lalor, of the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, both of whom had examined the ford, -conducted the columns.</p> - -<p>The attack was completely successful, and in a short -space of time the British colours waved over the -fortress. The body of Tippoo Sultan was found among -heaps of slain, and was afterwards interred in the magnificent -mausoleum which he had erected over the -tomb of his father, the once powerful Hyder Ali; a -portion of the victorious troops attended the ceremony.</p> - -<p>In this manner terminated the siege of <em>Seringapatam</em>,<a id="FNanchor_8" href="#Footnote_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a> -and the fall of this capital placed the kingdom of Mysore -at the disposal of the British government, and extinguished -a power in India which had proved itself a formidable -enemy.</p> - -<div class="figcenter illowp100" id="i_018" style="max-width: 43.75em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/i_018.jpg" alt="" /> - <div class="caption">STORMING OF SERINGAPATAM 4<sup>TH</sup> MAY 1799.<br /> -<em>For Cannon’s Military Records.</em><br /> -<p class="fs80"><em>Madeley lith. 3 Wellington S^t Strand</em></p> -</div> -</div> - -<p>In the assault on the 4th of May, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_19"></a>[19]</span></span> -had Lieutenant John Lalor killed; Captain -William McLeod, Lieutenant John Thomas, and Ensigns -Henry Antill and John Guthrie, wounded.</p> - -<p>During the siege the regiment sustained a loss of -twenty-one killed, and ninety-nine wounded, including -all ranks.</p> - -<p>The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> afterwards received the Royal -authority to bear on the regimental colour and appointments, -the word “<span class="smcap">Seringapatam</span>,” in commemoration -of the distinguished gallantry displayed by the -regiment in the storming and capture of that fortress.</p> - -<p>In the General Orders issued on the 5th of May by -Lieut.-General Harris, the gallantry of Lieut.-Colonel -Michael Monypenny, and Brevet Lieut.-Colonel the -Honorable George St. John, of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment, is particularly recorded.</p> - -<p>In the General Orders issued by the Earl of Mornington -(afterwards the Marquis Wellesley), dated -Fort St. George, 15th May, 1799, it was stated:—</p> - -<p>“The Right Honorable the Governor-General in -Council having this day received from the Commander-in-Chief -of the allied army in the field, the -official detail of the glorious and decisive victory obtained -at Seringapatam, on the 4th of May, offers his -cordial thanks and sincere congratulations to the -Commander-in-Chief, and to all the officers and men -composing the gallant army which achieved the -capture of the capital of Mysore on that memorable -day.</p> - -<p>“His Lordship views with admiration, the consummate -judgment with which the assault was planned, -the unequalled rapidity, animation, and skill with -which it was executed, and the humanity which distinguished -its success.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_20"></a>[20]</span></p> - -<p>“Under the favour of Providence and the justice of -our cause, the established character of the army had -inspired an early confidence, that the war, in which -we were engaged, would be brought to a speedy, -prosperous, and honorable issue: but the events of -the 4th of May, while they even surpassed the sanguine -expectations of the Governor-General in Council, -have raised the reputation of the British arms in -India to a degree of splendour and glory, unrivalled -in the military history of this quarter of the globe, -and seldom approached in any part of the world.</p> - -<p>“The lustre of the victory can be equalled only by -the substantial advantages which it promises to establish, -in restoring the peace and safety of the -British possessions in India on a durable foundation -of genuine security.”</p> - -<p>Upon the division of the territory subject to the -late Sultan Tippoo, Seringapatam, with several extensive -districts, was allotted to the East India Company; -another portion was given to the Nizam; and a -third to the Mahratta power; the remainder continued -to form an independent state under a descendant of the -ancient Rajahs of Mysore. Thus was the hostile combination -against England confounded, the British -territory extended, and its power and revenue increased.</p> - -<p>The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment remained encamped -until November, 1799, when it was selected to garrison -Seringapatam.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1800</div> - -<p>Major-General George Harris was appointed, from -lieut.-colonel of the seventy-sixth, to the colonelcy of -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, on the 14th of February, 1800, in -succession to Lieut.-General Gerard Lake, who was -removed to the eightieth regiment.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_21"></a>[21]</span></p> - -<p>The regiment remained at Seringapatam until May, -1800. The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, under the command of -Lieut.-Colonel Michael Monypenny, afterwards served -with distinction against the Polygars, during which -campaign great exertions were made, and losses sustained, -of which no distinct record has been preserved.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1801</div> - -<p>In October, 1801, the regiment was removed from its -encampment to Gooty.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1802</div> - -<p>The regiment remained at Gooty until December -1802, when it proceeded to Bellary.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1803</div> - -<p>In July, 1803, the regiment returned to Gooty, and -in September following, it proceeded to Pondicherry, -in the capture of which place it had participated in the -year 1793.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1804</div> - -<p>The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> remained at Pondicherry until -September, 1804, when the regiment proceeded to -Fort St. George, Madras, where it continued to be -stationed during the remainder of the year.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1805</div> - -<p>On the 8th of September, 1805, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -embarked at Fort St. George, Madras, for England, -after having transferred five hundred and twelve men to -other regiments serving in India.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1806</div> - -<p>The regiment arrived in England in the beginning -of July, 1806, and disembarked at Greenwich, where it -was quartered until the middle of November, when, after -discharging the men recommended to be invalided, the -remainder proceeded to Scotland, on board of some -Leith packets. Shortly after the disembarkation of -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> at Leith, the head-quarters of the -regiment proceeded to Stirling Castle, from whence recruiting -parties were sent to all the towns in Scotland, -and some to England and Ireland, as far as officers -were disposable for that service.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1807</div> - -<p>In February, 1807, the regiment was ordered from<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_22"></a>[22]</span> -Stirling Castle to Glasgow, as a better recruiting station; -but not having proved as successful there as was -expected, it was removed in May following to Perth, -which, from being the town where the regiment was -originally embodied, was expected to prove a better -recruiting station.</p> - -<p>In 1807 the regiment received new colours and -accoutrements from Lieut.-General George Harris, and -was newly armed and equipped in that year.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1808</div> - -<p>On the passing of the Act, in the year 1808, for permitting -a certain number of the militia of the United -Kingdom to volunteer their services to regiments of -the line, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> received a very considerable -augmentation of force by volunteers, particularly -from the Irish militia. The number received from the -Scotch regiments of militia, allotted for the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, -was not at all in the same proportion, and the -only English corps allotted to it was the Stafford militia, -from which thirty-three men volunteered, a circumstance -totally unexpected, from the dislike English soldiers -were known to entertain to the Highland uniform.</p> - -<p>In December, 1808, the regiment, being then about -four hundred rank and file, received orders to proceed to -England, to embark for New South Wales, and commenced -its march from Perth on the 26th of that month.</p> - -<p>On the order for the embarkation of the regiment -for New South Wales, a second battalion was added to -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, which was directed to -be placed on the establishment of the army from the -24th of December, 1808. It was ordered to consist, in -the first instance, of four companies. When these companies -were completed to a hundred rank and file each, -the battalion was to be augmented to six companies,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_23"></a>[23]</span> -and so on, in succession, until the establishment was -increased to one thousand.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1809</div> - -<p>On the 13th of January, 1809, the regiment embarked -at Leith on board of four packets, and the whole -arrived in the course of that, and the beginning of the -following month, at Gravesend, where the men were -transhipped into two transports, and ordered round to -Spithead. In March the regiment was landed at Cowes, -in the Isle of Wight, marched to Newport, whence, -after a few days, it was ordered to Colwell barracks.</p> - -<p>A second volunteering from the militia took place in -April, 1809, by which the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> received a -considerable increase of numbers, particularly from the -Stafford, West Middlesex, and Durham regiments.</p> - -<p>In April, 1809, officers and non-commissioned officers -were detached to recruit for the second battalion, the -head-quarters of which were fixed at Nottingham.<a id="FNanchor_9" href="#Footnote_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a></p> - -<p>It appearing that the Highland dress was an obstacle -to the recruiting of the regiments wearing that costume, -orders were issued, directing the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, and -five other regiments, to discontinue that dress, and to -adopt the uniform of other English regiments.<a id="FNanchor_10" href="#Footnote_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_24"></a>[24]</span></p> - -<p>While at Colwell barracks, sixty men, who had -volunteered from veteran battalions to serve at New -South Wales, were transferred to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment, and were ordered to embark with the first -battalion for that colony, which, by the addition of these -men, and of the volunteers from the militia, was now -upwards of eight hundred strong, and its establishment -was fixed at ten companies, consisting of fifty-four -serjeants, twenty-two drummers, and a thousand rank -and file.</p> - -<p>The first battalion embarked on the 8th of May, -1809, at Yarmouth, in the Isle of Wight, on board of -His Majesty’s ships “Hindoostan” and “Dromedary,” -and sailed from St. Helen’s on the 25th of that month. -The fleet touched at Madeira, Port Praya, Rio Janeiro, -and at the Cape of Good Hope, and anchored at -Port Jackson, New South Wales, on the 28th of -December.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1810</div> - -<p>The battalion landed at Sydney on the 1st of January, -1810, and detachments were sent out in the course of -that, and the two following months, to the Derwent and -Port Dalrymple, in Van Diemen’s Land; to Norfolk -Island, and to Newcastle, whence Sydney, the capital of -the colony, was supplied with coals, lime, and cedar -wood, for buildings and making furniture.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1812</div> - -<p>The first battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment -having been considerably reinforced by volunteers from -the hundred-and-second regiment (late New South<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_25"></a>[25]</span> -Wales corps), which it relieved at New South Wales, and -which was ordered home, its establishment was raised, -in the year 1812, to twelve hundred rank and file, -which included a veteran company formed from the veterans -of the hundred-and-second regiment, and attached -to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, while the battalion continued to -serve at New South Wales, and was, on its leaving -that colony, transferred to the forty-sixth regiment.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1813<br />1814</div> - -<p>About the end of the year 1813, an order arrived -from England to embark the first battalion of the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment for the island of Ceylon, and -the first division, consisting of three companies, sailed -from Port Jackson on board the ship “Earl Spencer,” -hired for the passage, on the 24th of January, 1814. -On the 24th of March two more divisions embarked on -board the “General Hewitt” and “Windham,” and -sailed from Port Jackson on the 5th of April; but the -“Windham” being ordered to the Derwent to take on -board the two companies stationed at Van Diemen’s -Land, the “General Hewitt,” having the head-quarters -and flank companies on board, under the command of -Lieut.-Colonel Maurice Charles O’Connell, after a very -circuitous voyage round New Guinea, New Britain, and -through the Molucca islands, arrived at Colombo, in -Ceylon, on the 17th of August.</p> - -<p>Prior to the embarkation of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment -from New South Wales, Major-General Lachlan -Macquarie,<a id="FNanchor_11" href="#Footnote_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a> commanding in New South Wales, stated -in General Orders, dated 17th March, 1814, that—</p> - -<p>“On the occasion of parting with the first battalion -of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment His Excellency Major-General -Macquarie, the Governor and Commander of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_26"></a>[26]</span> -the Forces in this territory, cannot fail to express the -warm feelings of interest he takes in the corps, which -he has commanded for six years; and to assure them, -that no additional prosperity or honor, to which -they may be entitled, in the part of the world where -they are now destined to serve, and where they have -already obtained so large a portion of well-earned -fame, can exceed his sanguine wishes and expectations.</p> - -<p>“This station has not afforded the usual field for -military glory; but in as far as the industrious exertions -of those non-commissioned officers and privates, -who could be spared from military duty, have been -exerted, this colony is much indebted for many useful -improvements, which but for the soldiers of the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, must have remained only in -the contemplation of those anxious for its civilization -for a length of time, and the Major-General cannot -doubt but that the comforts enjoyed by the colonists, -in consequence of the zealous and laborious exertions -of the soldiers of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, will -long be remembered with grateful recollections.</p> - -<p>“Major-General Macquarie feels particular satisfaction -in rendering his best acknowledgments to -Lieut.-Colonel O’Connell for his attention to the -discipline of the corps, and the health and comfort of -the soldiers under his immediate command, and also -for his zealous and assiduous attention to the duties -devolving on him as Lieut.-Governor, during the -Governor’s necessary and occasional absence from -head-quarters.</p> - -<p>“To the field-officers, captains, and subalterns, of -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, the Major-General -desires to offer his best wishes for their health and<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_27"></a>[27]</span> -happiness, and particularly to those with whom he has -had a long acquaintance, and whose worth and honorable -sentiments he is thereby the more fully enabled -to appreciate; and he has no doubt but that the -martial appearance, and strength of the corps, so far -surpassing what is generally to be met with, will call -forth feelings of surprise and gratification, wherever -their services are required.</p> - -<p>“Under these impressions, Major-General Macquarie -now takes leave of the regiment, with that regret which -a long acquaintance naturally inspires, but at the -same time with the consolatory assurance that the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> will show themselves at all times -worthy of the respect and esteem which cannot fail to -be paid to military bravery and unshaken loyalty.”</p> - -<p>The “Windham” having made nearly the same -voyage as the “General Hewitt,” after leaving Van -Diemen’s Land, did not arrive at Ceylon until the -6th of November.<a id="FNanchor_12" href="#Footnote_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a></p> - -<p>In the meantime the reigning sovereign of Candy -had evinced so cruel and tyrannical a disposition, that -he became odious to his subjects, who experienced a -total insecurity of life and property under his rule, -individuals being frequently deprived of both at the -caprice of the king. The governor of one of his provinces -was summoned to appear at the capital; but -this chief, expecting that the sacrifice of his life, and -the seizure of his property, were intended, did not obey<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_28"></a>[28]</span> -the mandate. The king assembled an army, overpowered -the forces of the disobedient chief, and forced -him to fly for protection to the British settlements in -the island.</p> - -<p>In addition to this oppressive tyranny over his own -subjects, the King of Candy, elated with his success -against the refractory chief, prepared to invade the -British territory, against the frontier of which he had -long carried on occasional hostilities. He had also -inflicted cruelties on some British subjects, who had -gone into his dominions on trading speculations.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1815</div> - -<p>These circumstances occasioned Lieut.-General -Robert Brownrigg, the Governor and Commander-in-Chief -of the Island of Ceylon, to render assistance to -the natives to throw off the yoke, and at the same time -preserve the English provinces from aggression, by -invading the kingdom of Candy. The British troops -advanced into the kingdom of Candy in seven divisions, -in the beginning of February 1815, and detachments -were formed from the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, and attached -to four or five divisions of the invading army.</p> - -<p>The soldiers underwent great fatigue in crossing -mountains, passing morasses and rivers, and traversing -regions inhabited only by the wild beasts of the forest; -they succeeded in overcoming all opposition, and -arrived at the capital in the middle of February. The -king had fled with a small number of his Malabar -adherents; but on the 18th of February, he was surrounded, -and made prisoner by his own subjects, who -showed the utmost detestation of the tyrant.</p> - -<p>A solemn conference was held between the British -Governor and the Candian chiefs, and the assembly -declared the Malabar dynasty deposed, and the provinces -of Candy united to the dominions of the British<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_29"></a>[29]</span> -Crown. Thus was an extensive tract of country, -bountifully endowed with natural gifts, and producing -the necessaries and luxuries of life, including spices, -metals, and precious stones, added to the British -dominions; a numerous race of human beings, of a -peculiarly interesting character, was delivered from -the power of despotism, and brought under the -advantages of the just government and equitable laws -of Great Britain. Every species of torture was immediately -abolished; but the ancient religion of the -inhabitants, and the former mode of administering -justice, were preserved. The conduct of the British -troops was highly meritorious, and reflected credit on -the several corps employed in this enterprise; the -soldiers abstained from plunder and violence, and -behaved with such order and regularity as to conciliate -the inhabitants, whose condition, improved by a policy -founded on liberal ideas, and exhibiting enlarged -views, prepared the way for their emancipation from -the errors of superstition, and their introduction to the -advantages of Christianity, and of European arts, -sciences, and commerce.</p> - -<p>While the first battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> was -thus employed, the <em>Second Battalion</em> had acquired the -word “<span class="smcap">Waterloo</span>” for the regimental colour and -appointments, in commemoration of its distinguished -services in that memorable battle, which terminated -the lengthened war in which the powers of Europe -had been engaged.</p> - -<p>A portion of the British troops occupied posts in -the newly-acquired territory, and the corps not -required for this duty returned to their former -quarters. The first battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment was again stationed at Colombo.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_30"></a>[30]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1816</div> - -<p>During the year 1816 the battalion continued to be -stationed at Colombo.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1817</div> - -<p>In the month of September 1817, intimation was -received at Colombo, that several Candian chiefs, who -were hostile to British interests, were making preparations -in various parts of the interior provinces of -Ceylon, in favour of a new claimant to the throne of -Candy, who subsequently arrived in the island from -the continent of India, and they actually commenced -hostilities on the 25th of October, 1817, by the murder -of a native Mahandiram in Ouva, and by that of Mr. -Wilson, the collector of that place, who had gone out to -remonstrate with the natives assembled in the vicinity -of Badulah.</p> - -<p>Detachments from all the regiments stationed in -Ceylon were in consequence ordered into the interior, -and the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> furnished for this service -nearly the whole of the officers and men fit to march.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1818</div> - -<p>The head-quarters of the battalion were transferred, -in December 1817, from Colombo to Trincomalee, and -a detachment from the second battalion, which -had been disbanded on the 4th of May, of this -year, having arrived from England at the latter port, -it was immediately ordered into the interior, where -the rebellion had become general in the beginning -of 1818.</p> - -<p>On this service the battalion lost ten officers, and -three hundred and sixty-six men, of whom only one -officer (Lieutenant John Maclaine) and about twenty -men were killed, or died of wounds inflicted by the -enemy, the remainder having fallen victims to the -unhealthiness of the climate, which even after the -rebellion was subdued, continued to prove fatal to the -officers and men who remained on service in the interior.<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_31"></a>[31]</span> -The frequent exposure to the sun, and the heavy -dews at night (when detachments were constantly on -the march, particularly in the mountainous districts, -where the enemy could not be surprised by day) -together with a scarcity of provisions, brought on the -jungle fever to an alarming extent, and had not an -auxiliary force been sent from Madras, the interior of -the island must of necessity have been evacuated.</p> - -<p>In this harassing campaign, the superiority of the -British over the native troops acting with them, was -very evident; small parties only could be employed -with effect, and therefore, more individual courage and -exertion were required than with large bodies, where -the excitement is much greater. The want of surgical -aid was severely felt, and the officers at last, with the -assistance of manuscript instructions, administered -medicine, dressed wounds, and, on some occasions, performed -trifling operations. Besides fever and dysentery, -leech-bites were the occasion of many casualties.</p> - -<p>The peculiar kind of warfare carried on during this -campaign, afforded many opportunities for the officers -and men to distinguish themselves. The following, -among many instances, is deserving of record. A very -small party of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, in charge of Lance-Corporal -Richard McLoughlin, was furiously attacked -on its march to Badulah, by a numerous force; -two men were killed, and the rest, instead of leaving -their deceased comrades to the Candians, who generally -mutilated the remains of British soldiers, divided; -part remained in charge of the bodies, and the other -portion, at an equal risk, proceeded to Badulah, a few -miles distant, and returned with a reinforcement, that -enabled them to carry off their deceased comrades, in -spite of the exertions of the enemy to the contrary.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_32"></a>[32]</span></p> - -<p>For this gallant conduct, medals were struck by the -Ceylon Government for the following men, who, however, -died of fever before they could be issued, namely, -Lance-Corporal Richard McLoughlin, Privates John -Wilson, Christopher Sheppard, and William Connor.</p> - -<p>Whether the <span class="smcap">Waterloo</span> medals worn by the men -who formerly belonged to the <em>Second Battalion</em>, caused -an extraordinary emulation amongst the other soldiers -of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> is a question; it is, however, -matter of fact, that their conduct during the whole of -the campaign gave not only their own officers, but -those of other corps, the highest satisfaction.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1819</div> - -<p>In 1819, the nineteenth regiment was ordered home -from Ceylon, when one hundred and seventy-two men -volunteered to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1821</div> - -<p>Upon the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> being directed to proceed -to England in 1821, all the men fit for service in a -tropical climate were permitted to volunteer, in the -first instance, to regiments in Ceylon, and ultimately -to His Majesty’s regiments stationed in the territories -of the East India Company.</p> - -<p>A detachment of one subaltern, three serjeants, one -drummer, and forty-six rank and file, embarked as -<em>Marines</em> on board of His Majesty’s ship “Alligator,” on -the 22nd of May, 1821; the remainder of the regiment -embarked at Trincomalee on the 25th of June following, -and landed at Gravesend on the 10th of November. -It was then ordered to proceed to the barracks -at Weedon, to which place the depôt of the regiment -had been a short time before removed from Chichester, -and where most of the men brought home were soon -afterwards invalided.</p> - -<p>The establishment of the regiment was, on its -arrival, reduced to eight companies, forming a total of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_33"></a>[33]</span> -four field officers, eight captains, sixteen subalterns, -five staff, twenty-nine serjeants, twelve drummers, -twenty-four corporals, and five hundred and fifty-two -privates.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1823</div> - -<p>In March, 1823, the regiment was ordered to proceed -to Hull, and to furnish detachments at Chester, -Carlisle, and Tynemouth: in May it marched to -Edinburgh Castle, furnishing detachments at Glasgow, -Stirling and Dumbarton Castles, and at Fort William.</p> - -<p>In December, 1823, the regiment embarked at Port -Patrick for Ireland, and was stationed at Castlebar, -furnishing twelve small detachments within the limits -of the counties of Mayo and Galway.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1824<br />1825</div> - -<p>The regiment was assembled at Athlone in June, -1824, where it was quartered until July, 1825, when the -head-quarters were removed to Naas, and detachments -were furnished to Drogheda, Wicklow, Trim, and some -villages in the counties of Kildare and Wicklow.</p> - -<p>In 1825, the regiment was augmented to ten companies, -consisting, while at home, of forty-two serjeants -(including six staff serjeants), fourteen drummers, and -seven hundred and forty rank and file; when ordered -on foreign service to be divided into six service companies, -of four serjeants, and eighty-six rank and file -each; and four depôt companies for home service, -consisting each of three serjeants, one drummer, and -fifty-six rank and file.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1826</div> - -<p>In November, 1825, the regiment was reunited in -the Royal Barracks at Dublin, where it continued until -May, 1826, when, in consequence of riots in the manufacturing -towns in Lancashire and Yorkshire, it was -ordered to proceed to England. The head-quarters -were fixed at Halifax, and detachments were sent to -Huddersfield, Bradford, and to various other towns.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_34"></a>[34]</span></p> - -<p>Tranquillity being restored in the above counties, -the regiment was ordered to return to Dublin in July, -1826, and from thence it proceeded in August to -occupy its former quarters at Naas, and the outposts.</p> - -<p>In December following, the regiment received orders -to march to Waterford, furnishing detachments at -Kilkenny, Wexford, Carrick-on-Suir, and Duncannon -Fort.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1827</div> - -<p>In August, 1827, the regiment was ordered to -Fermoy, preparatory to embarkation, where in the -course of the month, the service and depôt companies -were formed.</p> - -<p>The service companies embarked at Cove for -Gibraltar towards the end of August and beginning -of the following month, and arrived at their destination -on the 10th, 17th, and 24th of September.</p> - -<p>The depôt companies remained in Ireland during -this and the two following years.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1828</div> - -<p>During the prevalence of the contagious and dreadful -fever which visited Gibraltar in the year 1828, the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> were encamped with the twenty-third -Royal Welsh Fusiliers on Europa Flats, from the 10th -of October to the 17th of January, 1829.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1829</div> - -<p>The casualties in the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> were, compared -with the other regiments in that garrison, fortunately -limited to a small number. Out of nine officers and -one hundred and ninety-six privates, who were attacked -with the disease, only two officers and thirty-five men -proved fatal cases. Lieutenant Hedworth Huddleston -Williamson, and Assistant Surgeon John Gordon -Fraser were the officers; the latter, though a very -young assistant, fell a victim to his zeal for the service.</p> - -<p>Whether the comparatively few casualties were -attributable to the successful practice of the Surgeon<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_35"></a>[35]</span> -George Martin, or some other accidental cause, can -be only matter of conjecture. One thing, however, is -certain, that His Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor, -as well as numerous other officers unconnected with -the regiment, acknowledged, in the most public manner, -the talents and attention of Surgeon Martin, of the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, on this trying occasion.</p> - -<p>Major-General Sir Frederick Adam, K.C.B., was -appointed colonel of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment on -the 22nd of May, 1829, in succession to General George -Lord Harris, G.C.B., deceased.</p> - -<p>In December, 1829, the service companies embarked -for Malta, where the last division arrived on the 31st -of that month.</p> - -<p>On the departure of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> from -Gibraltar, His Excellency the Lieut.-Governor, General -Sir George Don, G.C.B., issued the following order:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right fs80"> -“<em>Head Quarters,<br /> -Gibraltar, 2nd December, 1829.</em></p> - -<p>“His Excellency the Lieut.-Governor is desirous -to express to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, on their departure -from this garrison, the satisfaction afforded him by -their regular and orderly conduct during the period -of upwards of two years that they have been under -his command, and he feels peculiar pleasure in -noticing, that in no instance has any individual of -this corps been reported to him for any irregularity -on duty during the above period.</p> - -<p>“To the officers, non-commissioned officers, and -privates of this regiment, His Excellency offers his -thanks, and more particularly to Colonel O’Connell, -whose zeal and constant attention must have so essentially -contributed to maintain the discipline and -good order of the corps under his command.”</p> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_36"></a>[36]</span></p> - -<p>The first two divisions of the regiment embarked on -board the “Lord Suffield” and “Stentor” transports on -the 2nd of December, and sailed the same day; the last -division (head-quarters) embarked on board the “Henry -Porcher” on the 8th. The first two ships reached Malta -on the 20th of December, and performed the usual -quarantine in the Lazaretto; but the “Henry -Porcher” experienced such severe weather on the 10th -and 11th off Capo de Gato, that she had to put back -again to Gibraltar in distress. She, however, sailed -again on the 15th, and the men landed in the -Lazaretto on the 1st of January, 1830.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1830</div> - -<p>In February, 1830, the depôt companies were removed -from Ireland to Great Britain.</p> - -<p>The service companies remained in St. Elmo barracks -during the year 1830, and at the periodical inspection -which took place in April, the Commanding Officer -(Colonel O’Connell), by desire of Major-General the -Honorable Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby, Lieut.-Governor -of Malta, issued the following order:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right fs80">“<em>Valetta, 5th April, 1830.</em></p> - -<p>“The Commanding Officer has great pleasure in complying -with the desire of the Major-General commanding, -that he should express in regimental orders -the General’s perfect satisfaction with everything he -has this day seen of the regiment.”</p> -</div> - -<p>On the 22nd of July, 1830, Colonel Maurice Charles -O’Connell was promoted to the rank of Major-General; -and on the 25th of the ensuing month the following -farewell address was read to the regiment:—</p> - -<p>“Major-General O’Connell, being removed from the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment by promotion, avails himself -of the kindness of Major Lloyd, now commanding<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_37"></a>[37]</span> -officer of the regiment, to address to it a few farewell -words.</p> - -<p>“The Major-General cannot contemplate his separation -from a corps, endeared to him by all those sacred -ties which bind the members of a family together, -and which have, in their fullest sense, existed between -him and the regiment for a period of nearly twenty-five -years, that he has almost uninterruptedly commanded -it in so many parts of His Majesty’s -dominions, at home and abroad, without experiencing -sensations which he would find it impossible to describe -here, but which he feels most acutely. He will -content himself with requesting the officers of the -regiment, generally, to accept his most sincere thanks -for the kindness that he experienced from them, and -for the uniform, undeviating attention they have paid -to his orders, and to his suggestions for the good of -the regiment; where every officer merited his approbation, -the Major-General cannot particularise individuals, -but he feels himself called on by a sense of -justice, as well as of duty, and he certainly has great -pleasure in obeying that call, to offer to his friend -Lieutenant and Adjutant Russell his most particular -thanks for the zealous and effectual aid he has ever -received from him in the discharge of every duty, -and to declare, that to the exertions and abilities of -this meritorious officer he is mainly indebted for the -high state of discipline which has characterised the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, in every garrison where it -has been stationed.</p> - -<p>“To the non-commissioned officers and men, he begs -to express his thanks for, and his approbation of, their -uniform good conduct, which he exhorts them to -persevere in, as the surest means of insuring to themselves<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_38"></a>[38]</span> -the approbation of their superiors, exemptions -from punishment, and of preparing them for acquiring -honor and glory, when called to meet the enemies of -their country in the field.</p> - -<p>“The Major-General will conclude by assuring both -officers and men, that their happiness and glory will -be for ever dear to him, and that to the latest day -of his life he will consider the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment -as part of his family, whose interests are inseparably -interwoven with his own. Should any -fortunate event ever enable him to promote the -general welfare of the regiment, or the individual -interest of any of its members, whether officers, non-commissioned -officers, or privates, he hopes it is needless -for him to declare with what pleasure he shall -avail himself of the opportunity.</p> - -<p>“He now, with sincerest good wishes for the health, -happiness, and glory of the whole, bids them adieu.”<a id="FNanchor_13" href="#Footnote_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a></p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1831</div> - -<p>In October, 1831, the depôt companies proceeded to -Jersey.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1834</div> - -<p>On the 12th of April, 1834, the service companies -embarked at Malta for the Ionian islands.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1835</div> - -<p>In September, 1835, the depôt companies embarked -at Portsmouth for Cork.</p> - -<p>Major-General William George Lord Harris, K.C.H., -was removed from the colonelcy of the eighty-sixth to -that of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment on the 4th of -December, 1835, in succession to Lieut.-General the -Right Honorable Sir Frederick Adam, K.C.B., who -was appointed colonel of the fifty-seventh regiment.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1838</div> - -<p>The service companies embarked at Zante for Gibraltar -on the 21st of January, 1838, and arrived at that<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_39"></a>[39]</span> -fortress in the following month. In April and May of -that year they proceeded to Nova Scotia, and in July, -1838, were removed to Canada.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1839</div> - -<p>In June, 1839, the depôt companies were removed -from Ireland to Great Britain.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1841</div> - -<p>The service companies embarked at Quebec for -England on the 5th June, 1841, and arrived at Gosport -in July, at which place they were stationed during the -remainder of the year.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1842</div> - -<p>In April, 1842, the regiment proceeded to Woolwich, -and in August to Bradford, from whence it was removed -in September to Newport, in Monmouthshire.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex"><ins class="corr" id="tn-39" title="Transcriber’s Note—this Sidenote was missing from the original text"> -1843</ins></div> - -<p>During the year 1843 the regiment remained at -Newport.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1844</div> - -<p>The regiment embarked by divisions at Newport, -on the 8th and 16th of August, 1844, and disembarked -at Kingstown, Dublin, on the 11th -and 19th of that month. In December, the regiment -moved from Richmond to the Royal Barracks at -Dublin.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1845</div> - -<p>Major-General Sir Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B., was -appointed colonel of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment on -the 10th of June, 1845, in succession to Lieut.-General -William George Lord Harris, K.C.H., deceased.</p> - -<p>The service companies, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel -Charles Jowett Vander Meulen, embarked at -Cork in H.M. troop-ship “Apollo” on the 29th of -September, 1845, for the Cape of Good Hope. In consequence, -however, of political events in South America, -they were required (together with the reserve battalion -of the forty-fifth regiment) by the British minister at -Rio Janeiro to proceed to the river Plate, and they -were disembarked at Monte Video in January, 1846.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1846</div> - -<p>On the 3rd of April, 1846, Major-General Sir John -Grey, K.C.B., was appointed colonel of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_40"></a>[40]</span></span> -regiment, in succession to Major-General Sir -Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B. and K.C.H., who was -killed on the 10th of February, 1846, at the battle of -Sobraon.</p> - -<p>While the service companies were stationed at -Monte Video, from January to July, 1846, they were -employed in the protection of the town, and of the -British merchants and inhabitants, against an Argentine -force under General Oribe, who was investing -the place.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1847</div> - -<p>In July, the service companies were re-embarked -for the Cape of Good Hope, and arrived at Cape Town -in August. After landing their sick, they were ordered -to proceed to Waterloo Bay, near to the Great Fish -River, there to disembark, and join the troops employed -in the field against the Kaffirs, on which arduous duty -the regiment was subsequently employed.</p> - -<p>From the 1st of January to the 3rd of February, -1847, and from the 10th of September to the end of -the year, the service companies were engaged in active -field operations against the Kaffirs. On this service -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> had the following officers killed, -namely, Captain William Baker, Lieutenants Clarevaulx -Faunt, and the Honorable William John Granville -Chetwynd, Ensign William Burnop, and Surgeon -Neil Stewart Campbell.</p> - -<div class="sidenote"><ins class="corr" id="tn-40" title="Transcriber’s Note—the '1848' and '1849' sidenotes were one paragraph above in the original text"> -1848</ins></div> - -<p>In January, 1848, the service companies proceeded -to Fort Grey, where the head-quarters were stationed -until July following, and in October they were removed -from Fort D’Urban to Cape Town.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1849</div> - -<p>Major-General Richard Goddard Hare Clarges, -C.B., was appointed colonel of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment on the 18th of May, 1849, in succession to -Major-General Sir John Grey, K.C.B., who was removed -to the fifth Fusiliers.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_41"></a>[41]</span></p> - -<p>During the year 1849 the service companies were -stationed at Cape Town. The depôt companies also -remained in Ireland.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1850</div> - -<p>In December, 1850, the head-quarters and four -companies, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel -William Eyre, were removed from Cape Town to the -Buffalo mouth for the frontier, in consequence of an -outbreak of the Kaffirs.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1851</div> - -<p>At the date of the conclusion of the present record, -namely, 1st of May 1851, the service companies were -in camp at King William’s Town, under Lieut.-Colonel -Eyre. The depôt companies, under Major George -Hankey Smith, continued to be stationed in Ireland.</p> - - -<p class="p2"> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<p class="pfs120">1851.</p> -<hr class="r20a" /> - - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_6" href="#FNanchor_6" class="label">[6]</a> Upon the representation of Major-General Gerard Lake, who -was appointed Colonel of the <em>Seventy-third</em> Regiment, in November -1796, the Royal Authority was granted for the word “<span class="smcap">Mangalore</span>” -being borne on the Regimental Colour and Appointments, in consideration -of the gallant conduct displayed in the defence of that place.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_7" href="#FNanchor_7" class="label">[7]</a> “A View of the Origin and Conduct of the War with Tippoo Sultan, -by Lieut.-Colonel Alexander Beatson, late Aide-de-camp to the -Marquis Wellesley, Governor-General of India.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_8" href="#FNanchor_8" class="label">[8]</a> Seringapatam derived its name from the god <em>Serung</em>, to whom -one of the pagodas was dedicated.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_9" href="#FNanchor_9" class="label">[9]</a> The history of the second battalion is resumed at <a href="#Page_43">page 43</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_10" href="#FNanchor_10" class="label">[10]</a> <span class="smcap">Memorandum.</span></p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right"><em>Horse Guards, 7th April, 1809.</em></p> - -<p>As the population of the Highlands of Scotland is found to be -insufficient to supply recruits for the whole of the Highland corps -on the establishment of His Majesty’s army, and as some of these -corps laying aside their distinguishing dress, which is objectionable to -the natives of South Britain, would, in a great measure, tend to facilitate -the completing of their establishment, as it would be an inducement -to the men of the English militia to extend their services in -greater numbers to these regiments:—it is in consequence most -humbly submitted, for the approbation of His Majesty that His -Majesty’s 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 91st, and 94th regiments should -discontinue, in future, to wear the dress by which His Majesty’s -regiments of Highlanders are distinguished, and that the above corps -should no longer be considered as on that establishment.</p> - -<p class="right"> -<span class="padr2">(Signed) <span class="pad2 smcap">Harry Calvert</span>,</span><br /> -<em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p> -</div> - - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_11" href="#FNanchor_11" class="label">[11]</a> Major-General Macquarie formerly commanded the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment.—<em>Vide</em> Memoir in <a href="#Page_69">Appendix, page 69</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_12" href="#FNanchor_12" class="label">[12]</a> A fourth division of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> sailed from Port Jackson -on the 26th of January 1815, and arrived at Ceylon in the ship -“General Brown,” on the 2nd of March. There still remained some -men of the battalion for whom room could not be provided in the -four ships already named, and those were embarked in the colonial -brig “Kangaroo,” which arrived at Colombo on the 19th of August -1815.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_13" href="#FNanchor_13" class="label">[13]</a> A memoir of the services of Lieut.-General Sir Maurice -O’Connell, K.C.H., is contained in the <a href="#Page_70">Appendix, page 70</a>.</p> - -</div> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_42"></a>[42]</span><br /> - <span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_43"></a>[43]</span></p> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak fs120" id="HISTORICAL_RECORD2"> -<span class="lsp2">HISTORICAL RECORD</span><br /> -<span class="fs60">OF</span><br /> -THE SECOND BATTALION</h2> -</div> - -<p class="p1 pfs70">OF</p> -<p class="p1 pfs135">THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT.</p> - -<p> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<hr class="r20a" /> - -<div class="sidenote">1802</div> - -<p class="p1 noindent">Europe enjoyed but a short interval of tranquillity by -the treaty of Amiens, which was signed on the 27th of -March, 1802. In May of the following year, the war -was renewed, and Napoleon Bonaparte, the First Consul -of the French Republic, threatened the invasion of -Great Britain. On the 18th of May, 1804, Napoleon -was invested with the dignity of Emperor of the French, -and on the 26th of May of the succeeding year, he was -crowned at Milan as King of Italy.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1804</div> - -<p>In December, 1804, Spain issued a declaration of -war against England, and agreed to furnish a powerful -aid to the French Emperor.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1805</div> - -<p>While the French pursued a victorious career in -Germany, they experienced dreadful reverses from the -British navy, particularly on the 21st of October, 1805, -when the combined fleets of France and Spain were -completely defeated off <em>Cape Trafalgar</em>. The victory -was, however, clouded by the death of Admiral Viscount -Nelson, to whose memory a grateful and admiring -nation paid the highest honors.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_44"></a>[44]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1806<br />1808</div> - -<p>In the year 1806, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment -arrived in England from the East Indies, and two years -afterwards was ordered to embark for New South Wales. -On the promulgation of the orders for this embarkation, -it was directed that a <em>second battalion</em> should be added -to the regiment, which was to be placed on the establishment -of the army from the 24th of December, 1808.</p> - -<p>The second battalion was, in the first instance, to -consist of four companies, at a hundred rank and file -each; upon the effectives exceeding four hundred, it -was to be augmented to six hundred, which number -being completed, it was to be augmented to a thousand -rank and file.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1809</div> - -<p>The battalion was embodied at Nottingham, and was -considerably strengthened, within the year 1809, by -volunteers from the English, Irish, and Scotch Militia.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1810</div> - -<p>In March, 1810, the battalion proceeded to Ashborne, -and subsequently to Derby and Ashford.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1811</div> - -<p>On the 25th of October, 1811, the establishment of -the battalion was augmented to six companies, consisting -of thirty-four serjeants, twelve drummers, and -six hundred rank and file.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1812</div> - -<p>In July, 1812, the battalion was removed from Ashford -to Deal, and afterwards proceeded to the Tower -of London.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1813</div> - -<p>While quartered in the Tower of London, in 1813, -the battalion was augmented to ten companies, consisting -of forty-five serjeants, twenty-two drummers, -and eight hundred rank and file. The battalion proceeded -to Colchester in April.</p> - -<p>The dreadful disasters experienced by the French in -their retreat from Russia, combined with the successes -obtained over the forces of Napoleon in the Peninsula -by the allies under the Marquis of Wellington, caused<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_45"></a>[45]</span> -the separation of Prussia and other states from the -interest of France, and a treaty of alliance and subsidy -was concluded between Great Britain and Sweden, in -which it was stipulated that a Swedish army, commanded -by the Crown Prince,<a id="FNanchor_14" href="#Footnote_14" class="fnanchor">[14]</a> should join the Allies.</p> - -<p>On the 25th of May, 1813, the battalion, under the -command of Lieut.-Colonel William George (afterwards -Lord) Harris, embarked on a particular service at -Harwich, but subsequently joined the expedition to -Stralsund, in Swedish Pomerania, under the command -of Major-General Samuel Gibbs, and landed at that -town on the 7th of August.</p> - -<p>From Stralsund the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> proceeded to -join the allied forces under the command of Lieut.-General -Count Wallmoden, who engaged, and completely -defeated, the enemy on the plains of <em>Gorde</em>, -on the 16th of September, 1813. The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -was the only <em>British</em> battalion in the action.<a id="FNanchor_15" href="#Footnote_15" class="fnanchor">[15]</a></p> - -<p>The battalion was afterwards ordered to join the -British forces, then in the north of Germany, under the -command of Major-General Samuel Gibbs, at Rostock, -and subsequently embarked for England at Warnemunde -on the 2nd of November, but on arriving at -Yarmouth the battalion was ordered, without landing,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_46"></a>[46]</span> -to join the army in Holland under General Sir Thomas -Graham, afterwards Lord Lynedoch: the battalion -arrived at Williamstadt on the 18th of December.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1814</div> - -<p>The Prussian General, Bulow, having requested that -the British would make a forward movement upon -<em>Antwerp</em>, to favour his operations, the battalion -accordingly marched to the attack of that place, which -was bombarded by the British forces on the 13th of -January, 1814; and again from the 2nd until the 6th -of February, for the purpose of destroying the French -fleet lying there.</p> - -<p>In the attack on the village of <em>Merxem</em> on the 2nd of -February, 1814, where the enemy was strongly posted, -Lieutenant John McConnell, and Lieutenant and -Adjutant Thomas Frederick James were wounded, the -former severely. A volunteer, named J. Simpson, was -also dangerously wounded. This youth was about -sixteen years of age, and was attached to the light -company. Soon after the action commenced, and in the -course of a few minutes, he was shot through both his -legs, before which a bullet had lodged in the butt of -his firelock. His military career was short, as he died -of his wounds in a few days.</p> - -<p>On this occasion, the light company, under Captain<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_47"></a>[47]</span> -Richard Drewe, supported the ninety-fifth (rifle -brigade) in driving the enemy from the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">abatis</i> formed -at the entrance to the village. The troops suffered -very severely during the foregoing operations from the -intense cold, the winter being unusually severe, and -though sleeping on the line of march was generally -fatal, it was no easy matter to prevent it.</p> - -<p>General Sir Thomas Graham stated in his despatch, -“All the troops engaged behaved with the usual spirit -and intrepidity of British soldiers,” and the conduct -of Major Dawson Kelly, of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, was -particularly noticed.</p> - -<p>After this success the British troops were employed -in constructing a breastwork and battery; on the 3rd -of February several pieces of heavy ordnance opened -upon the city of Antwerp, and on the French shipping -in the Scheldt; the cannonade was continued until the -6th, when General Bulow, having received orders to -march southward, to act with the grand army of the -Allies, it became necessary to relinquish the attack on -Antwerp, when the British retired towards Breda.</p> - -<p>On the 16th of March, 1814, a detachment of the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, consisting of two hundred men, under -the command of Major Dawson Kelly, was bombarded -by a French seventy-four gun-ship and eight gun -brigs, in Fort Frederick on the river Scheldt.</p> - -<p>Peace was shortly afterwards concluded. On the 4th -of April, Napoleon Bonaparte signed his abdication in -favour of his son; but this proposal being rejected, he -signed in a few days a second abdication, renouncing -the thrones of France and Italy entirely for himself and -heirs. He afterwards selected Elba for his residence, -which island was ceded to him in full sovereignty for -life, and a pension payable from the revenues of France,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_48"></a>[48]</span> -and by the treaty which was signed at Paris on the 11th -of April between the Allies and Napoleon, it was agreed -that he should enjoy the imperial title for life. Ample -pensions were also assigned to his relatives.</p> - -<p>On the 3rd of May, 1814, Louis XVIII. entered -Paris, and ascended the throne of his ancestors, and on -the 30th of that month the general peace between -France and the allied powers of Austria, Russia, Great -Britain, and Prussia, was signed at Paris.</p> - -<p>In the beginning of May, the battalion was ordered -into quarters at Antwerp, and in September following -it marched to Tournay, where it arrived in October.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1815</div> - -<p>The commencement of the year 1815 saw Louis -XVIII. apparently firmly seated on the throne of -France; but various causes of discontent existed in that -country. The army, long accustomed to war, still retained -a chivalrous veneration for Napoleon Bonaparte, -who was kept acquainted with the state of the public -mind, and this feeling of his former troops. In the -evening of the 26th of February he embarked at Porto -Ferrajo, in the island of Elba, with about a thousand -troops, of whom a few were French, and the remainder -Poles, Corsicans, Neapolitans, and Elbese. With this -motley band he landed at Cannes, in Provence, on the -1st of March, 1815, and the result proved that his calculations -were correct. After being joined by the garrison -of Grenoble, he proceeded to Lyons, and entered -that city amidst the acclamations of “<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Vive l’Empereur!</i>” -from the soldiers and the people. The possession of the -second city in France being thus obtained, Napoleon -assumed his former dignity of Emperor, and continued -his advance to Paris, which he reached on the 20th of -March, his progress having been a continued triumph.</p> - -<p>In the meantime, Louis XVIII. had withdrawn from<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_49"></a>[49]</span> -Paris to Ghent, and Napoleon took possession of the -throne of France as Emperor, but the allied powers -refused to acknowledge his sovereignty, and determined -to effect his dethronement.</p> - -<p>The battalion had remained stationed between Tournay -and Courtray until March, 1815, when, in consequence -of the foregoing events, it was ordered to join -the division of the army under the command of Lieut.-General -Baron Alten, and formed part of the brigade -of Major-General Sir Colin Halkett, K.C.B.</p> - -<p>On the 11th of April, 1815, it was announced to the -army in Flanders that His Royal Highness the Prince -Regent, in the name and behalf of His Majesty, had -appointed Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington, K.G., -to be commander of His Majesty’s forces on the continent -of Europe, and it was directed that the <em>Fifth</em> -British brigade of infantry should be composed of the -second battalion of the thirtieth, the thirty-third, -and the second battalions of the sixty-ninth and -seventy-third regiments.<a id="FNanchor_16" href="#Footnote_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a></p> - -<p>Napoleon left Paris on the 12th of June, and endeavoured, -by one of those rapid and decisive movements -for which he had been celebrated, to interpose -his forces between the British and Prussian armies, and -then attack them in detail. Information of this movement -arrived at Brussels during the evening of the 15th -of June, and the troops were immediately ordered to -prepare to march.</p> - -<p>On the 16th of June, the division of which the second -battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> formed part, pursued -its course, with the other portions of the army, through -the forest of Soignies, Genappe, and along the road towards<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_50"></a>[50]</span> -Charleroi. After a march of twenty-two miles -the troops arrived at the post of <em>Les Quatre Bras</em>, where -the second French corps, under Marshal Ney, was developing -a serious attack against that position, with -very superior numbers.</p> - -<p>As the British regiments arrived at the scene of -conflict, they were instantly formed for action. The -repeated charges of the French were repulsed, but a -considerable loss was incurred, including his Serene -Highness the Duke of Brunswick, who fell at the head -of his troops.</p> - -<p>The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> had the following officers -wounded:—Lieutenants John Acres and John Lloyd, -and Ensigns Robert Greville Heselrige and Thomas -Deacon. Lieutenant Acres died of his wounds. One -drummer, and three rank and file were killed, and one -serjeant and forty-three rank and file wounded.</p> - -<p>Marshal Blucher had been attacked on the 16th of -June by Napoleon at Ligny, and the Prussians, after -a desperate conflict, were compelled to retreat to Wavre. -This caused the Duke of Wellington to make a corresponding -movement, to keep up his communication with -them.</p> - -<p>In the course of the morning of the 17th of June, the -troops were withdrawn from <em>Quatre Bras</em>, and proceeded -towards <em>Waterloo</em>. On this day, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -had Lieutenant Joseph William Henry Streaphan and -three rank and file killed.</p> - -<p>The position which the Duke of Wellington occupied -in front of <em>Waterloo</em>, crossed the high roads leading from -Charleroi and Nivelle to Brussels, and which roads -united at the village of Mont St. Jean, in the rear of -the British. The right wing extended to a ravine near -Merke Braine, which was occupied. The left extended<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_51"></a>[51]</span> -to a height above the hamlet of Ter la Haye, which -was likewise occupied. In front of the right centre, and -near the Nivelle road, the house and garden of Hougomont -were taken possession of, and in front of the left -centre, the farm of La Haye Sainte was occupied. By -the left the British communicated with Marshal Prince -Blucher at Wavre, through Ohaim.</p> - -<p>Napoleon collected his army on a range of heights -in front of the British, with the exception of his third -corps, which he had sent to observe the Prussians. -About ten o’clock the French commenced a furious -attack upon the post at Hougomont. Then ensued a -conflict which will ever be memorable in the history of -Europe. The attacks of the French troops were frequently -calculated to spread confusion through any -army. They were supported by the thunder of a numerous -artillery, and followed up by such a succession -of column after column, rolling onwards like the waves -of the sea, that it required a degree of unexampled fortitude -and courage to oppose effectual resistance to so -fierce and continued a storm of war.</p> - -<p>That degree of courage was not wanting in the -British ranks, and paralysed by the fierce determination -of his opponents, the attacks of Napoleon’s legions -relaxed; the Prussians arrived on the left to co-operate; -the Anglo-Belgian army formed line, and with one -impetuous charge decided the fortune of the day. The -French were driven from the field with the loss of their -cannon and equipage, and the hopes of Bonaparte were -annihilated.</p> - -<p>During the greater part of the battle, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, -with the second battalion of the thirtieth, were -very much exposed to the enemy’s artillery, and constantly -engaged in repelling numerous charges of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_52"></a>[52]</span> -cavalry that appeared determined to break their square, -which ultimately was reduced to a very small size, from -the casualties occasioned by round and grape shot. -Lieutenant Robert Stewart, one of the junior officers -of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, commanded the battalion at the -termination of the battle, and in consequence was some -years afterwards promoted to a company without -purchase.<a id="FNanchor_17" href="#Footnote_17" class="fnanchor">[17]</a></p> - -<p>The casualties amongst the officers were unusually -great. Of <em>twenty-three</em> who marched into action on the -16th of June at Quatre Bras, <em>twenty-two</em> were killed -and wounded on that and the two following days.</p> - -<p>In the battle on the 18th of June the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -had Captains Alexander Robertson and John Kennedy; -Lieutenant Matthew Hollis; and Ensigns William -Law Lowe and Charles Page <em>killed</em>.</p> - -<p>The officers wounded were Lieut.-Colonel William -George Harris (Colonel) commanding the battalion, -severely; Major Archibald John Maclean, who died -of his wounds; Captains Henry Coane, William -Wharton, and John Garland, all severely. Lieutenants -John McConnell, Thomas Reynolds, and -Donald Browne all severely; Lieutenant Browne afterwards -died of his wounds. Ensigns William McBean, -Charles Bedford Eastwood, and George Dondridge -Bridge (severely), and Ensign and Adjutant Patrick -Hay severely.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_53"></a>[53]</span></p> - -<p>Three serjeants, one drummer, and forty-three rank -and file were killed, and thirteen serjeants, two -drummers, and one hundred and sixty rank and file -were wounded; twenty-four of the above number died -of their wounds; forty-one rank and file were missing.</p> - -<p>In acknowledgment of the services which the army -performed in the battle of Waterloo, and the actions -immediately preceding it, each subaltern officer and -soldier present were permitted to count two years -additional service, and silver medals were conferred on -all ranks, bearing on the one side an impression of -His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, and on the -reverse the figure of Victory, holding the palm in the -right hand, and the olive branch in the left, with the -word “<em>Wellington</em>” over its head, and “<span class="smcap">Waterloo</span>,” -18th June, 1815, at its feet.</p> - -<p>The thanks of both Houses of Parliament were voted -to the army with the greatest enthusiasm, “for its distinguished -valour at Waterloo;” and the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -and other regiments engaged, were permitted to bear -the word “<span class="smcap">Waterloo</span>” on their colours and appointments, -in commemoration of their distinguished services -on the 18th of June, 1815.</p> - -<p>After the battle of Waterloo, the battalion, which -was reduced to a complete skeleton, advanced with the -army to Paris, where it arrived in the first week in -July, and encamped in the Bois de Boulogne until -November, when it was placed in cantonments in the -vicinity of that metropolis.</p> - -<p>Meanwhile Louis XVIII. had entered Paris, and was -again reinstated on the throne of his ancestors. Napoleon -Bonaparte had surrendered himself to Captain -Maitland, commanding the “Bellerophon” British ship -of war, and the island of St. Helena having been fixed<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_54"></a>[54]</span> -for his residence, he was conveyed thither, with a few -of his zealous adherents.</p> - -<p>When the allied forces retired from Paris in December, -1815, with the exception of the “<em>Army of Occupation</em>” -left in France, the second battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment was ordered to return to England; it -embarked at Calais on the 23rd of December, and -landed on the same day at Ramsgate; from Ramsgate -it marched to Colchester to join the depôt, which continued -in that town during the absence of the battalion -on foreign service.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1816</div> - -<p>The battalion afterwards marched to Nottingham, -where it arrived on the 12th of February, 1816.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1817</div> - -<p>The battalion was stationed between Nottingham, -Weedon, and Colchester, until May, 1817, when it was -ordered to proceed to Chelmsford to be disbanded, -which measure took place on the 4th of May, 1817, -the most effective men, consisting of three hundred and -ten non-commissioned officers and privates being embarked -to join the first battalion of the regiment at -Ceylon.</p> - - -<p class="p2"> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<p class="pfs120">1817.</p> -<hr class="r20a" /> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_55"></a>[55]</span></p> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<p class="pfs100 smcap">Conclusion.</p> - -<hr class="r15" /> - -<p class="noindent">The earlier services of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, -originally formed as a second battalion to the forty-second -Highlanders, are connected with the wars against -Hyder Ali and his son, Tippoo Saib, the powerful -sultans of the Mysore territory: the word “<em>Mangalore</em>,” -granted by royal authority for the gallant defence of -that fortress in 1783, and the word “<em>Seringapatam</em>” for -the share taken by the regiment in the capture of the -capital of Tippoo’s country in 1799, when that sovereign -terminated his career by a soldier’s death, are borne -on the regimental colour and appointments, in commemoration -of these arduous campaigns in India.</p> - -<p>Other services were, however, performed by the -regiment in the East, among which may be named the -capture of the French settlement of <em>Pondicherry</em> in -1793, and that of the Dutch island of <em>Ceylon</em> in 1796, -when the French Directory had caused Holland to -become involved in hostilities with Great Britain.</p> - -<p>After a service of <em>twenty-four</em> years in India, the -regiment returned to England, and arrived at Greenwich -in July, 1806.</p> - -<p>In 1809 the regiment proceeded to New South Wales, -when a second battalion was added to its establishment.</p> - -<p>Brief as was the career of the second battalion, -namely from 1809 to 1817, it added the imperishable -word “<span class="smcap">Waterloo</span>” to the regimental colour and appointments, -that distinction being conferred by the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_56"></a>[56]</span> -Sovereign to commemorate its services in that battle, -which gave a lengthened peace to the powers of Europe.</p> - -<p>In 1814 the first battalion embarked from New South -Wales for Ceylon, in the capture of which island the -regiment had formerly participated.</p> - -<p>The regiment returned to England in 1821, and -continued on home service until 1827, when it embarked -for Gibraltar, from which fortress it proceeded -to Malta in 1829, and in 1834 to the Ionian Islands, -whence it returned to Gibraltar in 1838, and embarked -for North America.</p> - -<p>In 1841 the regiment returned to England, and, in -1845, proceeded to the Cape of Good Hope, where it is -now employed in active operations against the Kaffirs.</p> - -<p>The orderly behaviour of the regiment in quarters, -whether employed at home, or on foreign stations, combined -with its soldier-like conduct in the field, have -secured the confidence of the nation, and the approbation -of the Sovereign.</p> - - -<p class="p2"> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<p class="pfs120">1851.</p> -<hr class="r20a" /> - - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<div class="figcenter illowp75" id="i_056" style="max-width: 37.5em;"> - <img class="p2 w100" src="images/i_056.jpg" alt="" /> - <div class="caption">SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT.<br /> -<em>For Cannon’s Military Records.</em><br /> -<p><em>Madeley lith. 3 Wellington S^t Strand</em></p> -</div> -</div> - - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_14" href="#FNanchor_14" class="label">[14]</a> On the 21st of August, 1810, the French Marshal Bernadotte, -one of Napoleon’s generals, was elected Crown Prince of Sweden. -The appointment of a successor to the throne of that country was considered -necessary in consequence of the Duke of Sudermania, who had -been elected king in the room of the deposed Gustavus IV., being -advanced in years, and without children.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_15" href="#FNanchor_15" class="label">[15]</a> The following statement of the above operations is contained in -the <cite>Annual Register</cite>, vol. 87, page 280:—</p> - -<p>“After landing at Stralsund, and assisting in completing the works -of that town, Lieut.-Colonel Harris, with the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, was -detached into the interior of the country, to feel for the enemy, -and also to get into communication with Lieut.-General Count -Wallmoden, which dangerous service he successfully effected, -though he had, with great care and caution, to creep with his small -force between the large <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">corps d’armée</i> of Davoust and other French -generals at that time stationed in Pomerania, Mecklenburg, and -Hanover. Having joined Count Wallmoden, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -contributed greatly to the victory that General gained over the -French on the plains of Gorde, in Hanover, where Lieut.-Colonel -Harris, at the head of his battalion, declining any aid, and at the -moment when the German hussars had been routed, charged up a -steep hill, took a battery of French artillery, and unfurling the -British colours, at once spread terror amongst that gallant enemy -which feared no others; a panic struck them, and they fled.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_16" href="#FNanchor_16" class="label">[16]</a> A list of the British and Hanoverian army at Waterloo is inserted -in the <a href="#TN"><em>Appendix</em>, page 73</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_17" href="#FNanchor_17" class="label">[17]</a> “Once, and once only, during the dreadful carnage at Waterloo, -did the stern <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> hesitate to fill up a gap which the -relentless iron had torn in their square; their Lieut.-Colonel -(Brevet Colonel Harris) at once pushing his horse lengthwise -across the space, said with a smile, ‘Well, my lads, if you wont, -I must’; it is almost needless to add that immediately he was led -back to his proper place, and the ranks closed up by men still more -devoted than before.”—(<cite>Annual Register</cite>, <em>vol. 87</em>, page 280.)</p> - -</div> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_57"></a>[57</span><br /></p> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak fs120" id="SUCCESSION_OF_COLONELS">SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</h2> -</div> - -<p class="p1 pfs70">OF</p> -<p class="p1 pfs135">THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT.</p> - -<p class="p1"> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<hr class="r20a" /> - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir George Osborn, Bart.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 18th April, 1786</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent">The early services of this officer were associated with the -sixteenth light dragoons, in which, upon that regiment being -raised in 1759, Sir George Osborn, Bart., obtained a troop -on the 20th of December of that year, and on the 13th of -February, 1762, he was promoted to the rank of major in -the eighteenth, Royal Irish, regiment of foot. On the 31st of -March, 1763, Major Sir George Osborn was appointed -deputy quarter-master-general to the Forces in Ireland, and -on the 19th of November, 1765, he was promoted to the -third regiment of foot guards as captain and lieut.-colonel, in -which regiment he was appointed second major, with the -brevet rank of colonel in the army, on the 7th of August, -1777. On the 19th of February, 1779, he was advanced to -the rank of major-general, and was appointed lieut.-colonel in -the third regiment of foot guards on the 25th of March, 1782. -Upon the second battalion of the forty-second, Royal Highlanders, -being numbered the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> Highland -regiment in 1786, His Majesty King George III. appointed -Major-General Sir George Osborn, Bart., to the colonelcy of -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> on the 18th of April of that year, and on -the 11th of August following he was removed to the fortieth -regiment, which he retained until his decease. On the 28th -of September 1787, Sir George Osborn was advanced to the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_58"></a>[58]</span> -rank of lieut.-general, and to that of general on the 26th of -January, 1797. General Sir George Osborn died at Chicksands -Priory on the 29th of June, 1818, in the seventy-seventh -year of his age.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center smcap">Sir William Medows, K.B.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 11th August, 1786</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent">The early services of this distinguished officer are connected -with the fourth horse, now seventh dragoon guards, in -which corps he was appointed captain in March, 1764, and -was promoted to the rank of major on the 1st of October, 1766. -He was further advanced to the rank of lieut.-colonel of the -fifth Fusiliers in 1769; was removed to the twelfth light -dragoons in 1773, and to the fifty-fifth regiment in 1775. -While serving with his regiment in North America, he evinced -that valour, magnanimity, and military skill, which were afterwards -more fully developed in the West, and also the East -Indies. He was again removed to the lieut.-colonelcy of the -fifth Fusiliers in 1777, in succession to Lieut.-Colonel Walcott, -who died of wounds received at the battle of Germantown, in -Pennsylvania, which was fought on the 4th of October, 1777. -He commanded the fifth during the long and hazardous retreat -from Philadelphia to New York; and having been appointed -to act as brigadier-general, he proceeded with the expedition -under Major-General James Grant to the West Indies. -Brigadier-General Medows commanded the reserve, consisting -of the fifth foot, grenadiers, and light infantry, at the attack -of St. Lucia in December 1778; and having seized on the -post of La Vigie, he evinced signal intrepidity in defending it -against the attacks of a French force of very superior numbers: -though severely wounded early in the day, he refused to -quit his post, and finding his ammunition nearly expended, he -drew up his men in front of their colours, and waving his -sword, exclaimed, “Soldiers, as long as you have a bayonet to -point against an enemy’s breast, defend these colours.” -They did so, and secured the conquest of St. Lucia.</p> - -<p>His distinguished bravery was rewarded in 1780, with the -colonelcy of the (late) eighty-ninth regiment: and in 1781 he was -promoted to the local rank of major-general in the East Indies,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_59"></a>[59]</span> -where he acquired numerous laurels under General the Earl -Cornwallis. He was promoted to the rank of major-general -in 1782, and was appointed to the colonelcy of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -Highland regiment on the 11th of August, 1786; and -his meritorious services procured him the honor of wearing -the insignia of a Knight Companion of the Bath. Sir William -Medows was afterwards <ins class="corr" id="tn-59" title="Transcriber’s Note—Original text: 'appointed Govenor'"> -appointed Governor</ins> and Commander-in-Chief -of Madras. In 1792 Sir William Medows was -promoted to the rank of lieut.-general; in 1796 he was -appointed colonel of the seventh dragoon guards; and in 1798 -was advanced to the rank of general. He was also Governor -of Hull, and a member of the Privy Council in Ireland. The -decease of General Sir William Medows, K.B., occurred on -the 20th of November, 1813.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center smcap">Gerard Lake,</p> - -<p class="center">(Afterwards Viscount Lake.)</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 2nd November, 1796</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent">Gerard Lake, third son of Lancelot Charles Lake, Esq., -choosing the profession of arms, was nominated to the commission -of ensign and lieutenant in the first foot guards, on the -9th of May, 1758; in 1762 he was promoted to lieutenant and -captain, and in 1776 to captain and lieut.-colonel. He served -in North America during the War of Independence; was -engaged in operations in the southern states, under -General the Earl Cornwallis, and had opportunities of distinguishing -himself. When Earl Cornwallis’s force was -besieged in York Town, by the united French and American -armies, Lieut.-Colonel Lake commanded a detachment of foot -guards and grenadiers of the eightieth regiment, which made -a sortie on the 16th of October, 1781, forced the entrenchments, -spiked eleven heavy guns, and killed and wounded about a -hundred French soldiers. On the surrender of York Town -he became a prisoner of war; but hostilities were terminated -soon afterwards, and he returned to England, having been -promoted to the rank of colonel in February, 1782. In 1784 -he was nominated major, and in 1792 lieut.-colonel in the -first foot guards. In 1790 he was advanced to the rank of -major-general. On the breaking out of the French revolutionary<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_60"></a>[60]</span> -war, he was nominated to the command of the brigade -of foot guards which proceeded to Flanders, and served under -His Royal Highness the Duke of York. He commanded this -brigade at the battle of Famars, and at the siege of Valenciennes, -and highly distinguished himself at Lincelles, on -the 18th of August, 1793, for which he was thanked in general -orders. He also served before Dunkirk, and in other operations: -and in 1794 he was rewarded with the colonelcy of -the fifty-third regiment, and the government of Limerick; -he was afterwards nominated Governor of Dumbarton. In -1796 he was removed to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment: in -1797 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general, and placed -on the staff of Ireland, where he evinced talent and energy in -suppressing the rebellion which broke out in 1798, and gained -several important victories over the insurgents. When -the French landed in Ireland, he was obliged to retire a short -distance; but additional troops advancing to his aid, he intercepted -the French soldiers and forced them to surrender -prisoners of war. In 1800 he was appointed Commander-in-Chief -in India, and colonel of the eightieth regiment; and in -1802 he was promoted to the rank of general. He arrived in -India at the period when the Governor-General, the Marquis -Wellesley, was displaying the energies of his mind in counteracting -the intrigues of France among the native powers of -Hindoostan; and the ambitious designs of the Mahratta chiefs -soon called General Lake into the field, when his talents -were conspicuously displayed. His spirited and judicious -operations at Coel, on the 29th of August, 1803; the assault -of Aly Ghur, on the 9th of September; and the overthrow of -the Mahratta army near Delhi, on the 11th of September, on -which occasion his charger was killed under him, produced -decisive results. The country between the Ganges and Jumna -rivers, called the Doab (a general name in India for the -space between two rivers), became subject to British authority; -and six days afterwards General Lake visited the Emperor, Shah -Alum, whom he had rescued from oppression, and who conferred -upon him titles which signified,—The Saver of the State,—Hero -of the Land,—Lord of the Age,—and the Victorious -in War.</p> - -<p>Afterwards proceeding to Agra, General Lake speedily -captured that place, and on the 1st of November, 1803, he<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_61"></a>[61]</span> -gained an important victory at Leswaree, when the French-officered -battalions of Dowlat Rao Scindia were annihilated, -the Mahratta army overpowered, and its colours, artillery, and -baggage captured. His services on this occasion were of a -distinguished character; he led the charge of the cavalry in -the morning;—conducted in person the attacks of the infantry, -and in the midst of the storm of battle he displayed valour, -professional ability, promptitude and decision; his magnanimous -example inspired confidence and emulation in the troops, -and they triumphed over very superior numbers. Two -horses were killed under him on this occasion.</p> - -<p>His important services were rewarded, in 1804, with the -title of <span class="smcap">Lord Lake of Delhi and Leswaree</span>.</p> - -<p>Pursuing, the war with vigour, Lord Lake routed the -power of Holkar at Furruckbad; but the war was protracted -by the defection of the Rajah of Bhurtpore; and when his -Lordship besieged the city of Bhurtpore, he failed in capturing -the place from the want of a battering train. The Rajah of -Bhurtpore was, however, brought to terms; and Lord Lake -pursued the hostile Rajah of Berar from place to place until -this chief was brought to submission. The British military -power in the East was strengthened by these successes; and -the extent and stability of the dominions in India augmented.</p> - -<p>His Lordship returned to England, and in 1807 he was -advanced to the dignity of <span class="smcap">Viscount Lake</span>.</p> - -<p>He caught cold while sitting on the general court-martial -which tried Major-General Whitelocke; and died on the 30th -of February, 1808.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center smcap">George Lord Harris, G.C.B.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 14th February, 1800.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">This distinguished officer entered the service in 1759 as a -cadet in the Royal Artillery, and was appointed ensign in -the fifth fusiliers on the 30th of July, 1762; he was promoted -to be lieutenant on the 2nd of July, 1765, was appointed -adjutant in 1767, and promoted to the rank of -captain on the 25th of July, 1771. In May, 1774, Captain -Harris embarked for America, and was present in the first -action of the American war, namely, at Lexington, on the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_62"></a>[62]</span> -19th of April, 1775. At the battle of Bunker’s Hill on the -17th of June following, he was severely wounded in the head, -and obliged to be trepanned, which caused him to be sent to -England; but he returned in time to take the field previously -to the landing of the British army on Long Island in August, -1776. Captain Harris was present at the affair of Flat Bush; -in the skirmishes on York Island; in the engagement at -White Plains; at Iron Hill (where he was shot through the -leg), and in every action up to the 3rd of November, 1778, -except that of Germantown. In 1778 he was promoted to -the rank of major in the fifth fusiliers, and embarked with -the regiment for the West Indies with the force under Major-General -James Grant, by whom he was appointed to command -the battalion of grenadiers, and landed with the reserve of the -army under Brigadier-General Medows, at St. Lucia on the -25th of December. After the taking of Morne Fortunée, -Major Harris was second in command under Brigadier-General -Medows at the post of La Vigie, where the French were -repulsed in their repeated attacks, and in consequence they -retreated from the Island. Immediately after the departure -of the French armament, the Governor surrendered the -Island of St. Lucia to the British troops, the capitulation -being signed on the 30th of December, 1778. In 1779, -Major Harris embarked with the fifth fusiliers, which were -ordered to serve as marines, and was present in the engagement -off Grenada, under Admiral Byron, on the 6th of July, 1779. -In 1780, Major Harris returned to England, and in December -of that year succeeded to a lieut.-colonelcy in the fifth -fusiliers, from which he exchanged into the seventy-sixth -regiment, and accompanied to the East Indies, as secretary, -Sir William Medows, who was appointed Governor and Commander-in-Chief -of Madras. Lieut.-Colonel Harris served in -the campaigns of 1790 and 1791 against Tippoo Sultan; in -the action of the 15th of May, 1791, he was appointed by -General the Earl Cornwallis to command the second line; -he was also personally engaged in the attack of the Sultan’s -camp and of the Island of Seringapatam, on the night of the -6th of February, 1792, the success of which terminated that -war. Peace being re-established, Lieut.-Colonel Harris -returned with Lieut.-General Sir William Medows to England. -On the 18th of November, 1792, he was promoted colonel by<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_63"></a>[63]</span> -brevet, and on the 3rd of October, 1794, he was advanced to -the rank of major-general, when he re-embarked for India, -and was placed on the Bengal Staff. On the 3rd of May, -1796, Major-General Harris received the local rank of lieut.-general, -and was appointed Commander-in-Chief in the Presidency -of Fort St. George; in February, 1798, he succeeded -to the military and civil government of the troops and territories -of Madras.</p> - -<p>In December, 1798, Lieut.-General Harris was selected, by -the Marquis Wellesley to command the army assembled to -repel the threatened hostility of Tippoo Sultan, to besiege his -capital, and to reduce his power. The army under the command -of Lieut.-General Harris exceeded fifty thousand men, -and the object of the expedition was accomplished by the -capture of <em>Seringapatam</em>, the death of Tippoo, and annexation -of his dominions to the British Crown, as detailed in the -Historical Record of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, of which regiment -he was appointed colonel on the 14th of February, 1800, as a -reward for his important services:—on the 1st of January, -1801, he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. On -the 1st of January, 1812, Lieut.-General Harris was advanced -to the rank of general. In August, 1815, General Harris -was raised to the peerage by the title of Baron Harris of -Seringapatam and Mysore in the East Indies, and of Belmont -in Kent, and was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the -Order of the Bath on the 27th of May, 1820. His Lordship -succeeded General Francis Dundas as Governor of Dumbarton -Castle in January, 1824. During the latter years of his life -his Lordship lived in retirement at his seat at Belmont, -Feversham, in Kent, where his decease occurred on the 19th -of May, 1829, at the advanced age of eighty-two years.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center smcap">The Right Honorable Sir Frederick Adam, -G.C.B., & G.C.M.G.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 22nd May, 1829.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">Removed to the fifty-seventh regiment on the 4th of December, -1835, and to the twenty-first, Royal North British -Fusiliers, on the 31st of May, 1843.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_64"></a>[64]</span></p> - - -<p class="p2 center smcap">William George Lord Harris, C.B., & K.C.H.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 4th December, 1835.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">This distinguished officer was the son of General the first -Lord Harris, and entered the army as an ensign in the seventy-sixth -regiment of infantry, on the 24th of May, 1795; was -promoted lieutenant in the thirty-sixth regiment on the 3rd -of January, 1796, from which he was removed to the seventy-fourth -Highlanders on the 4th of September following, and -joined in India in 1797. Lieutenant Harris served at the -battle of Mallavelly on the 27th of March, 1799, and during -the campaign under his father, Lord Harris, which led to the -capture of Seringapatam, and was in nearly all the affairs, -out-posts, and in the storming party on the 4th of May, 1799, -which carried that fortress, where Lieutenant Harris was one -of the first to enter the breach, for which he was commended -on the spot by Major-General (afterwards Sir David) Baird. -Being sent home with the captured standards, Lieutenant -Harris had the honor of presenting them to His Majesty -King George III., and was promoted to a company in the -forty-ninth regiment, on the 16th of October, 1800, which he -joined at Jersey, and embarking with it towards the end of -the year for England, was wrecked on the passage off Guernsey. -Captain Harris afterwards accompanied his regiment in -the expedition to the Baltic under the command of Admiral -Parker and Vice-Admiral Nelson, and was present in the -“Glatton” frigate in the desperate action off Copenhagen on the -2nd of April, 1801. In 1802, Captain Harris embarked with -the forty-ninth regiment for Canada, and served in the upper -province for two years; being then appointed to a majority in -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, he proceeded to join that corps -in India, and on his way out was employed at the capture of -the Cape of Good Hope in January, 1806, and was present -at the action of Blue Berg. The <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> having -quitted India previously to his arrival, he returned to England -the same year, and found he had succeeded to the lieut.-colonelcy -of that regiment. Upon the formation of the -second battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span>, which was placed on -the establishment of the army from the 24th of December, -1808, Lieut.-Colonel Harris was appointed to the command -of it, and zealously applied himself to perfecting its discipline, -and rendering it efficient in every respect. In 1813, Lieut.-Colonel -Harris embarked on a particular service with the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_65"></a>[65]</span> -second battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, but afterwards -joined the expedition to Stralsund, in Swedish Pomerania, -under Major-General Samuel Gibbs. On arrival -Lieut.-Colonel Harris was selected to take the field with his -battalion, and place himself under the orders of Lieut.-General -Count Wallmoden, and was present in the action of the -Gorde (in which he highly distinguished himself), under that -commander, on the 16th of September, 1813. In November, -1813, the second battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> re-embarked -in the Gulf of Lubec for England; but on arriving at Yarmouth, -it was ordered, without landing, to join the army of -General Sir Thomas Graham (afterwards Lord Lynedoch) in -Holland. During the winter campaign before Antwerp, rendered -more difficult in consequence of the severity of the -weather, Lieut.-Colonel Harris had the honor of carrying the -village of Merxem by storm, under the eye of His late -Majesty King William IV., then Duke of Clarence, and, -during the remainder of the operations, was employed as -brigadier-general. After the peace of 1814, when Antwerp -was delivered up, Colonel Harris, to which rank he had been -promoted on the 4th of June, 1814, was quartered in that -town, and remained in the Low Countries with his battalion -during the remainder of the year 1814, and the early part of -1815. On the return of Napoleon from Elba, Colonel Harris -joined the army of the Duke of Wellington, and his battalion -was appointed to the brigade commanded by Major-General -Sir Colin Halkett, and took part in the stubborn contest of -the 16th of June, 1815, at <em>Quatre Bras</em>,—assisted in covering -the retreat on the 17th; and on the 18th of June, at <em>Waterloo</em>, -bore a gallant part in the complete defeat of Napoleon in -that memorable battle. Colonel Harris, late in the afternoon, -received a shot through the right shoulder, from which severe -wound he continued to suffer at times for the remainder of -his life. On retiring on half-pay, a testimony of admiration -and regard was presented to him by the officers of his battalion -in the shape of a splendid sword. On the 19th of -July, 1821, Colonel Harris was advanced to the rank of Major-General. -Major-General the Honorable William George -Harris was employed on the staff of the army in Ireland from -the 17th of May, 1823, until the 24th of June, 1825, when -he was appointed to the command of the northern district of -Great Britain, which he retained until the 24th of July, 1828,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_66"></a>[66]</span> -and contributed materially in quelling the disturbances in the -manufacturing districts. On the decease of his father, Lord -Harris, in 1829, he succeeded to the title, and from that -period lived in retirement at Belmont, the family seat, near -Feversham in Kent. On the 3rd of December, 1832, Major-General -Lord Harris was appointed colonel of the eighty-sixth -regiment, and was removed to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> on -the 4th of December, 1835. In January, 1837, Lord Harris -was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General. His decease -occurred at Belmont, after a short illness, on the 30th of May, -1845. Lord Harris was a Knight Commander of the Royal -Hanoverian Guelphic Order, a Companion of the Bath, and a -Knight of the Order of William of Holland.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center smcap">Sir Robert Henry Dick, K.C.B., & K.C.H.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 10th June, 1845.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">This officer commenced his military career as ensign in the -seventy-fifth regiment, his commission being dated 22nd of -November, 1800, from which he was promoted to the rank of -lieutenant in the sixty-second foot, on the 27th of June, 1802; -was appointed to the ninth battalion of reserve on the 20th of -December, 1803, and removed to the forty-second Royal Highland -regiment on the 5th of January of the following year. -Lieutenant Dick was promoted to the rank of Captain in the -seventy-eighth regiment on the 17th of April, 1804, and embarked -with the second battalion of that corps for Sicily in -1806; in the battle of Maida, which was fought on the 4th -of July, 1806, Captain Dick was wounded; was also present -at the taking of the fortress of Catrone in Calabria. Admiral -Sir John Duckworth having failed in his mission to detach -Turkey from the interests of France, Great Britain determined -to seize upon Egypt, as a check to any fresh demonstration -by the French against the British possessions in the -East Indies, and an armament sailed from Sicily in February, -1807, and landed at Aboukir on the 18th of the following -month. This expedition was under the command of Major-General -Alexander Mackenzie Fraser, the colonel of the -seventy-eighth Highlanders, and Captain Dick was embarked -with the second battalion of that regiment. On the 21st of -March, 1807, Alexandria was occupied by the British troops; -this was the anniversary of the celebrated battle fought there -in 1801, when the gallant General Sir Ralph Abercromby<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_67"></a>[67]</span> -received the wound which terminated his career. A force of -fifteen hundred men was afterwards detached against Rosetta, -before which place Captain Dick was severely wounded. -Egypt was evacuated by the British in September, 1807, and -the troops returned to Sicily. Captain Dick was promoted -to the rank of Major on the 24th of April, 1808, and was -appointed to the forty-second Royal Highlanders on the 14th of -July following. Major Dick embarked with the second -battalion of the forty-second regiment for the Peninsula in -June, 1809, and commanded a light battalion at the battle of -Busaco on the 27th of September, 1810, and during the retreat -to the lines of Torres Vedras; also in the action at Foz -D’Aronce on the 15th of March, 1811, where he was wounded; -and at the battle of Fuentes d’Onor on the 3rd and 5th of -May following. During the siege of Ciudad Rodrigo, which -was captured on the 19th of January, 1812, Major Dick -served with the second battalion of the forty-second regiment, -and also at the third siege of Badajoz, which was taken on the -6th of April following. On the first battalion of the forty-second -joining the army in the Peninsula towards the end of -April, 1812, the soldiers of the second battalion fit for duty -were transferred to the former, and the officers and staff of -the latter returned to England to recruit. He commanded a -light battalion at the battle of Salamanca on the 22nd of July, -1812. At the storming of Fort St. Michael, near Burgos, on -the 19th of September, Major Dick commanded the first battalion -of the forty-second, and his conduct was commended in -the Marquis of Wellington’s public despatch. The siege of -the Castle of Burgos was afterwards commenced, but the concentration -of the enemy’s forces obliged the British commander -to raise the siege and retire to Salamanca, and subsequently -to Ciudad Rodrigo. On the 8th of October, 1812, Major -Dick was promoted to the brevet rank of Lieut.-Colonel. In -January 1813, Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Dick returned to England -on two months’ leave of absence, and joined the -second battalion, which, after its return from the Peninsula -in 1812, had remained in North Britain, until it was disbanded -after the termination of the war in 1814.</p> - -<p>During the campaign of 1815, Lieut.-Colonel Dick served -with the forty-second regiment, and after the death of Lieut.-Colonel -Sir Robert Macara, K.C.B., at Quatre Bras on the -16th of June of that year, the command of the regiment<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_68"></a>[68]</span> -devolved on Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Dick, who was slightly -wounded in the hip and severely in the left shoulder. He -was promoted to be lieut.-colonel of the forty-second regiment -on the 18th of June, 1815, the date of the battle of -Waterloo, for which he received a medal, in addition to the -medal and two clasps conferred on him for the battles of -Busaco, Fuentes d’Onor, and Salamanca, and was appointed a -Companion of the Order of the Bath.</p> - -<p>Lieut.-Colonel Dick was promoted to the rank of colonel -on the 27th of May, 1825, on being appointed aide-de-camp -to King George IV., and in November, 1828, exchanged from -the forty-second regiment to the half-pay unattached. On -the 10th of January, 1837, Colonel Dick was promoted to the -rank of major-general, and on the 19th of July, 1838, was -nominated a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. -From December 1838 to July 1842, Major-General Sir -Robert Dick served upon the staff of the army at Madras, and -was afterwards removed to the Presidency of Bengal. Major-General -Sir Robert Dick was appointed by Her Majesty to be -colonel of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment on the 10th of June, -1845.</p> - -<p>Upon the invasion of the British territories in India by the -Sikhs in the beginning of December 1845, Major-General -Sir Robert Dick was appointed to the command of the third -infantry division of the “<em>Army of the Sutlej</em>,” and after -sharing in the battle of Moodkee on the 18th of December, -and that of Ferozeshah on the 21st and 22nd of the same -month, was wounded by a grape-shot at Sobraon on the 10th -of February, 1846, while personally animating the troops -under his command, from the effects of which he died in the -evening of that day. This victory brought the operations in -the field to a close, and the Sikh city of Lahore was occupied -by the British troops, where a treaty was concluded which -was considered calculated to prevent the repetition of a similar -outrage.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center smcap">Sir John Grey, K.C.B.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 3rd April, 1846.</em></p> - -<p>Removed to the fifth Fusiliers on the 18th May, 1849.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center smcap">Richard Goddard Hare Clarges, C.B.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 18th May, 1849.</em></p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_69"></a>[69]</span><br /></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak fs135 lsp" id="APPENDIX">APPENDIX.</h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<p class="center"><em>Memoir of the Services of Major-General Lachlan Macquarie, -formerly Lieut.-Colonel of the</em> <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> <em>regiment</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 noindent">Major-General Lachlan Macquarie entered the army -on the 9th of April, 1777, as ensign in the late eighty-fourth -regiment, (which was disbanded in 1784), and performed garrison -duty at Halifax, and other parts of Nova Scotia, for four -years, namely, from the year 1777 to 1781. On the 18th of -January, 1781, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in -the late seventy-first regiment, and did garrison duty at New -York and Charleston, in North America, and in the island of -Jamaica for three years. He was placed on half-pay on the -4th of June, 1784, and was appointed lieutenant in the seventy-seventh -regiment on the 25th of December, 1787, and promoted -to the rank of captain on the 9th of November, 1788. -Captain Macquarie served in various parts of India, from -the 3rd of August, 1788, to the 1st of January, 1803; was -present at the sieges of Cannanore, in 1790, at Seringapatam -in 1791, at Cochin in 1795, and at Colombo, in Ceylon, in -1796. As a reward for his services he had received the brevet -rank of major on the 3rd of May, 1796, and continued -to serve in various parts of India, during the above-mentioned -periods. Brevet Major Macquarie was present at -the battle of Seedaseer on the 6th of March, 1799, and at -the siege of Seringapatam in April and May following. Brevet -Major Macquarie was afterwards employed on service -in Malabar, and on the 12th of March, 1801, was promoted -from the seventy-seventh to the eighty-sixth regiment. Major -Macquarie proceeded with the eighty-sixth and other regiments -ordered to embark from India, under Major-General David -Baird, to join the army in Egypt, and was present at -the siege of Alexandria in August, 1801. In November following -he was promoted to the brevet rank of lieut.-colonel.<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_70"></a>[70]</span> -He served at home as Assistant Adjutant-General on the -London District Staff, from July, 1803, until March, 1805; -and afterwards in India, with the eighty-sixth regiment -in the field in 1805 and 1806. On the 30th of May, 1805, -he was appointed lieut.-colonel in the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, -which corps he returned home to join in 1807, and in May, -1809, embarked with his regiment for New South Wales, of -which colony, and its dependencies, he was appointed Governor -and Commander-in-Chief. On the 25th July, 1810, he was -advanced to the brevet rank of colonel, was appointed brigadier-general -on the 21st of February, 1811, and promoted -major-general on the 4th of June, 1813. His decease occurred -in July, 1824.</p> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<p class="center"><em>Memoir of the Services of Lieut.-General Sir Maurice Charles -O’Connell, K.C.H., formerly Lieut.-Colonel of the</em> -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> <em>regiment</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 noindent">This officer, after serving with the rank of captain in the -emigrant army under the Duke of Brunswick in the campaign -of 1792, entered the British army sent to the Continent on the -breaking out of the war in 1793. He was appointed captain in -the fourth regiment of the late Irish brigade on the 1st of -October, 1794, and was placed on half-pay on the 1st of -March, 1798, on the reduction of that regiment; he was appointed -captain in the first West India regiment on the 21st -of May, 1800, and joined shortly afterwards at St. Lucia; -Captain O’Connell was appointed major of brigade to the -forces at Surinam in February, 1802, and served in that colony -until its restoration to the Dutch in December of that -year, when he joined his regiment at St. Vincent. In May, -1803, he proceeded in command of five companies to Grenada, -whence he was ordered with the whole of the regiment to -Dominica in 1804. On the 1st of January, 1805, he received -the brevet rank of major. He commanded the light company -at Roseau, in Dominica, when an attack was made on that -capital on the 22nd of February, 1805, by a French force -commanded by General La Grange, and successfully resisted, -during the whole day, repeated attacks made by very superior -numbers of the enemy on the posts occupied by Brevet Major<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_71"></a>[71]</span> -O’Connell, with the forty-sixth regiment, his own company of -the first West India regiment, and some colonial militia. He -had been appointed major of brigade to the forces at Dominica -in February, 1805, and on the 23rd of May following, was -appointed major of the fifth West India regiment. In September -he returned to England. For his services in the defence -of Dominica, Major O’Connell received the thanks of -the House of Assembly in that island, and was presented by -that body with a sword, value one hundred guineas; he also -received a sword, value fifty pounds, and a piece of plate, value -one hundred pounds, from the committee of the Patriotic Fund -at Lloyd’s. On the 15th of October, 1806, Major O’Connell -was appointed to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> regiment, in which he -was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel on the 4th of May, -1809, and was appointed Lieut.-Governor of New South Wales, -where he continued until April, 1814, in which month he embarked -in command of the first battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTY-THIRD</span> -regiment for Ceylon. In January, 1815, Lieut.-Colonel -O’Connell marched in command of a division of the army -under Lieut.-General Robert Brownrigg into the territories of -the King of Candy, the conquest of which was achieved in forty -days, and crowned by the capture of the reigning monarch, -who was deposed by his own subjects, and brought a prisoner -to Colombo. On the 12th of August, 1819, Lieut.-Colonel -O’Connell was promoted to the rank of colonel, and to that of -major-general on the 22nd of July, 1830. In 1838, Major-General -O’Connell was appointed to the command of the troops -in New South Wales, which appointment he held from December -of that year until December, 1847. On the 23rd of -November, 1841, Sir Maurice O’Connell was promoted to the -rank of lieut.-general, and was appointed colonel of the eighty-first -regiment on the 6th of December, 1842, from which he -was removed to the eightieth regiment on the 15th of January, -1844. The decease of Lieut.-General Sir Maurice Charles -O’Connell, K.C.H., occurred at Sydney, in New South Wales, -on the 25th of May, 1848.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<div class="transnote"> -<a name="TN" id="TN"></a> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been -corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within -the text and consultation of external sources.</p> - -<p>Some hyphens in words have been silently removed, some added, -when a predominant preference was found in the original book.</p> - -<p>Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, -and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained.</p> - -<p> -<a href="#tn-x">Pg x</a>: ‘the military foree’ replaced by ‘the military force’.<br /> -<a href="#tn-xxxii">Pg xxxii</a> (APPENDIX): The third entry ‘British and Hanoverian ... 73’ -does not exist. The last page of the book is numbered ‘71’.<br /> -<a href="#tn-12">Pg 12</a>: ‘above eSringapatam’ replaced by ‘above Seringapatam’.<br /> -<a href="#tn-39">Pg 39</a>: Missing Sidenote for ‘1843’ inserted at the start -of the paragraph ‘During the year 1843 ...’.<br /> -<a href="#tn-40">Pg 40</a>: Sidenotes for ‘1848’ and ‘1849’ moved down to the next -paragraph.<br /> -<a href="#tn-59">Pg 59</a>: ‘appointed Govenor’ replaced by ‘appointed Governor’.<br /> -</p> -</div> - - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE SEVENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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