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If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Ealing and its Vicinity - -Author: Daniel Frederick Edward Sykes - -Release Date: December 13, 2021 [eBook #66937] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: John Parkinson with the kind assistance of Jacqueline Jeremy. - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EALING AND ITS VICINITY *** -[Transcriber's note: (~denotes smallcaps, for headings, used in the -html file~)] - - - - -Ealing and its Vicinity - - - - -D F E Sykes, LL. B. - -THE purpose of this brochure is not an ambitious one. It does not -aspire to rank in antiquarian or topographical interest with the work -of Mr. Falkener; its modest claim is to tell briefly and in simple -words such facts connected with the parish of Ealing and its -neighbourhood as may be reasonably supposed to possess an interest for -the ordinary resident and for the stranger whom he invites within his -gates. It is intended to be a great deal less than an erudite tome of -ancient lore, and a little more than the descriptive prefix usually -contained in a local Guide or Handbook. - -The village of Ealing lies on the northern and southern sides of the -Uxbridge Road, and is distant about seven miles west from where once -stood Tyburn Turnpike. The Parish of Ealing is not mentioned in -Domesday Book but was probably then comprised within the manor of -Fulham. It is within the Hundred of Ossulstone and the County of -Middlesex and in the Diocese of London. Its eastern boundaries are, -Chiswick, Acton and Twyford; its western, New Brentford, Hanwell, and -Greenford; its northern the river Brent, Harrow and Perivale; its -southern, the Thames. - -Ancient records present many different modes of spelling the name; -Yelling, Yealinge, Zellin and the one now in vogue. The significance -of the word does not appear, but it may be connected with Zea-ling -Bea-meadow. The parish reaches three and a half miles from north to -south, and two miles one furlong from east to west, and has an acreage -of about 3,800 acres. It is divided for parochial purposes into the -Upper or Ealing side, and the Lower or Brentford side, but the -ratepayers constitute at present one vestry. - -The manor of Ealing has belonged from time immemorial to the See of -London, and the custom of copyhold prevails therein, the tenants’ -holding being evidenced by copy of the Court rolls. The origin of this -tenure is very obscure, but it would seem to have originated with the -villeins or tenants in villeinage, who composed most of the -agricultural population of England for some centuries after the Norman -Conquest, through the commutation of base services into specific -rents in money or money’s worth. The predecessors of our copyholders -were mere tenants at the will of the Lord of the manor, but the -practice of the Lord’s recognising the claims of the near kindred of -a deceased tenant to succeed him in his holding gradually ripened -into a custom which was ultimately established by a decision of the -Judges in Edward IV’s time, who held that a tenant by copyhold might -have an action of trespass against the Lord for dispossession. From -this time copyholders have been in effect freeholders, the difference -consisting in the method of alienation, and in some instances in the -obligation to sundry fines, and in the method of descent on -intestacy. - -In the Manor of Ealing the custom of Borough English prevails by -virtue of which lands descend to the youngest and not, as generally, -to the eldest son, and if the tenant have no issue to the younger -brother. The reason of this custom is, says Littleton, that the -youngest son is presumed in law to be least able to shift for himself. -This is a curious and interesting mark of the difference between -feudal or military tenures and copyhold, which were originally -agricultural. Tenancies in tail or fee simple fell on intestacy to the -eldest son, because the eldest son was presumably best able to render -to the feudal lord the military services which were an incident and -condition of his tenure. In the Manor of Ealing lands descend on -intestacy to the youngest son, and in default of male issue are -divisible among the daughters equally. The widow of a copyholder, if a -spinster at the time of her marriage, is entitled to dower and the -correlative right of tenancy by the curtesy is recognised. One year’s -quit rent is payable to the Lord on alienation and on heriotable land, -three shillings and fourpence in the name of a heriot. The -heriot--Dano-Saxon “heregeat,” was originally a gift made by a tenant -to his Lord of his horse and armour. This gift became first usual then -compulsory, and was subsequently commuted for a money charge. In -Ealing as in other Manors there are two general courts, held on Easter -Monday and in the middle or end of November in each year. The Courts -Leet and Court Baron are held at Hammersmith, and the following is -the proclamation summoning to the Court:--“All manner of persons that -owe suit and service to our Sovereign Lady the Queen, or the Court -Leet and Court Baron of Frederick Temple, Lord Bishop of London Lord -of the Manor of Ealing, held this day for the said Manor, may give -attendance here, and come into court and take their admission.” On a -conveyance of lands a surrender is made in form following:-- - - - “You do by me, and by this rod, surrender into the hands of the Lord - of the Manor of Ealing, all that copyhold messuage, and this - surrender you make to the use and behalf of A. B. according to the - custom of the Manor.” - - -The history of most manors up to the time at all events of the great -development of England as a mercantile power is the history of the -lord of the manor. If one turns to almost any of the many histories of -particular towns, it will be found that such accounts are in the main -those of the fortunes of some noble family. It is inevitable that it -should be so. During the early times after the complete introduction -of the feudal system into this country, a town or village was a mere -appanage of a Lordship. During the wars of Stephen, and in the more -disastrous wars of the Roses, Manors were in the hands now of this, -now of that, potent Prince or Lord. - -Manors changed their lords with the political seasons. Attainders for -high treason were of the commonest occurrence, and the Crown seized on -forfeited lands and transferred them to new favourites. The caprices -of a Court favourite, the humours of a royal mistress, the rivalries -of contending houses no less than reasons of State affected the -ownership of broad domains, and the faithful recorder of the growth of -towns that are now great hives of industry had little to enrich his -volumes save the vicissitudes of courts and the fortunes of barons of -high degree. But such stories are not to be looked for in the history -of Ealing. As we have said the Lordship of Ealing has reposed from -time immemorial, such that the memory of man runneth not to the -contrary, in the curious terminology of the law, in the Church. When -all around was in seething turmoil the Church changed not. But once, -in that great upheaval we call the Reformation, were the lands of -mother Church much affected by imperial changes. Whether the Normans, -Plantagenets, Tudors or Stuarts ruled, the Manors of the Church were, -in the main, secure from the hands of sacrilege. When fierce barons -were fiercest, when intestine troubles were most rife, lands in the -Dead Hand were, as a rule, unmolested. And it is to this continuity of -possession, this holding by a Corporation sole that never dies, this -sacerdotal character of its Lordship, that Ealing owes its immunity -from those storms that have raged round other and less happy fiefs. -And its inland position has been again a security. It has not been -exposed, as border towns have been exposed, to the raids of restless -tribes or hostile neighbours. It is too far removed from the mouth of -the river to make it a place of strategic importance, and though it -has not escaped the tramp of armed men, it has been the scene of no -memorable siege or bloody fray. - -~Murder Of Edmund Ironside At Brentford.~ - -The neighbouring town of Brentford has a less happy fate, and Ealing -doubtless shared to some extent in the events at Brentford. In the -year 1016, Ethelred, the King, dying, the country was torn by the -rival claims of Edmund Ironside and Canute. London and the parts about -it declared for Edmund, the remoter counties ranging themselves with -the Danish King. A sharp engagement between the hostile forces gave a -temporary victory to Edmund, and the Danes fled across the Thames, -many of the Saxons being, in the ardour of the pursuit, drowned in the -river near where Kew Bridge now stands. Edmund did not live to reap -substantial advantages from this triumph, for not long afterwards he -was assassinated at Brentford. The murderer was the son of Edric -Strone who had allied himself with Canute. The event is narrated by -Henry de Huntingdon: “King Edmund some days after this was killed -treacherously at Brentford. Thus he fell while he flourished in his -Kingdom, feared and dreaded by his enemies. In the night he went in -some house, where the son of Edric the leader, hid in a secret cave by -the advice of his father, stabbed the King twice in the belly, and -taking flight, left the knife in the viscera. Then Edric came to King -Canute and saluted him, saying, ‘Hail to thee, sole King’ and made the -circumstances known to him. The King answered, ‘I am so much beholden -to thee for this service, I will set thee higher than any of the -English nobility’ Therefore he caused him to be beheaded, and his head -to be placed on the highest tower in London.” - -~Battle Of Brentford.~ - -The vicinity of Ealing appears to have known little of the horrors of -war, from the time of Canute to that of the Civil war when, on -November 12th, 1642, an engagement took place at Brentford between the -Royalist and Parliament forces, which though of no great magnitude was -the occasion of much recrimination between the King and his -disaffected subjects, as it occurred at a time when efforts, more or -less sincere, were being made to accommodate the differences between -the Throne and the people. Lord Clarendon in his history thus narrates -the battle: “So the King marched with his whole army towards -Brentford, where were two regiments of their best foot, for so they -were accounted, being those who had eminently behaved themselves at -Edge-Hill, having barricaded the narrow avenues of the town, and cast -up some little breastworks at the most convenient places. Here a -Welsh regiment of the King’s, which had been faulty at Edge-Hill -recovered its honour, and assaulted the works and forced the -barricades, well defended by the enemy. Then the King’s forces entered -the town, after a very warm service; the chief officers, and many -soldiers of the other side being killed; and they took there about -five hundred prisoners, eleven colours, and fifteen pieces of cannon -and good store of ammunition. But this victory, for considering the -place, it might well be called so, proved not at all fortunate to his -Majesty.” An officer of the King’s says of his colonel in this battle -(Sir Edward Tritton,) that “it was his happy honour (assisted by God -and a new piece of cannon newly come up) to drive the Roundheads from -their works, where it was an heart breaking object to hear and see the -miserable deaths of many goodly men; we slew a Lieutenant Colonel, -two Sergeant Majors, some Captains, and other officers and soldiers -there, about thirty or forty of them, and took four hundred -prisoners. But what was most pitiful was, to see how many poor men -ended and lost their lives, striving to save them, for they run into -the Thames, and about two hundred of them, as we might judge, were -there drowned by themselves, and so were guilty of their own deaths; -for had they stayed and yielded up themselves, the King’s mercy is so -gracious that he had spared them all.” The first blood was shed in -the civil war at Edgehill, on Sunday, October 23rd, 1642, so that -when the encounter took place at Brentford the young officer whose -letter survives him, was fresh to the gruesome attendants of war, -and it may be presumed that if he had the good luck to see its end, -he was less appalled by the sights he witnessed than he seems to -have been, after what was probably his baptism of fire at Brentford. -However, that affair, trivial as in some aspects it appears, served -unhappily to fan the flame, and of course each side was anxious to -throw the responsibility for the bloodshed upon the other. Each side -was anxious to say “You began it.” The Parliamentarians, as we have -said, were defeated at Brentford, but they made their defeat a sort -of object lesson, as we should call it nowadays, to serve to -stimulate their adherents throughout the Kingdom. A commission was -appointed to enquire into the alleged barbarities of the King’s -forces, and their report is so amusing a specimen of special pleading -that it deserves to be reproduced. It is noteworthy also that the -House of Commons ordered that “The Minister of Middlesex and parts -of London, do the next fast-day read in their several parish-churches -the account of the sufferings of the inhabitants of Old Brentford, -on the 12th and 13th of the month by his Majesties forces; and that -they do exhort the people to a compassionate consideration of them.” -“Compassionate consideration” is good and we may surmise that -“Remember Brentford” was used in those days much as the historic -phrase “Remember Mitchels-town” was used in our own. The report was -as follows: “A true and perfect relation of the barbarous and cruel -passages of the King’s army at Old Brainford, near London, being -presented to the House of Commons by a Committee of the same house, -who was sent thither on purpose to examine the bulk of the -particular actions of the said Army.” “The King’s army upon Saturday, -the 12th of November instant, (after his Majesty’s assent to the -Treaty of Accommodation,) surprised Colonel Holles, his regiment, at -Old Brainford, and after they had possessed themselves of the town, -they plundered it without any respect of persons, except the home of -one Brent, a Church papist (whose wife was a known popish accusant, -and he suspected to give intelligence, to the King’s Army.) First -they drank and wasted the beer and wines at the several inns, and -other places in the towns, and such beer and wine as they could not -drink, they let it down out in some cellars as deep as the middle. -They also took from the inhabitants their money, linen, woollen, -bedding, wearing apparel, horses, cows, wine, hens, &c., and all -manner of victuals; also pewter, brass, iron pots, and kettles, and -all manner of grocery, chandlery and apothecary ware, nay, such was -their barbarous carriage, that many of the feather beds which they -could not bear away they did cut the tales of them in pieces, and -scattered the feathers about in the fields and streets; they did also -cut the cords of the beds, and broke down the bedsteads; they did -cut to pieces and burn the poor fishermens’ boats and nets by which -they got their living, having pillaged them besides of all they ever -had; they did cast beef into the dirt, which they carried not away -with them; they littered their horses with wheat-sheaves; they -spoiled nurseries of fruit trees of good value, and near upon three -bushels of apples from one man they took away, spoiled and trampled -to dirt with their horses’ feet, besides fifteen pair of sheets, his -bedding, &c. They also took candles to the value of twenty pounds -and upwards from one man, and burnt them all night through the army, -and such as they carried not away, either they broke in pieces, or -threw into the fire, or trod in the mire. Had they rested with -robbing of the richer sort it had been some degree of mercy, but they -left not unplundered the blind beggar at Old Brainford, taking from -him and his wife their wearing apparel, linen, woollen and bedding; -and the like they did to the poor almswomen in the Spittle there, -and cook from them their wheel or rocks by which they got something -towards a livelihood; and when they had thus plundered and taken away -all the goods, except here and there a bed, they defaced some houses -and set one of them on fire on purpose, as is conceived, to fire the -town, which was afterwards quenched by an inhabitant. Had their -wicked carriages here ended in the loss of the inhabitants’ goods -without hazard of their persons, they had undergone it with more -patience, but such was their inhuman behaviour, that they did set -drawn swords and pistols cocked to men’s and women’s breasts, -threatening them with death if they brought not out all their money, -and threatening others to cut off their noses and pull out their -eyes, calling them Parliament dogs, round-headed rogues, beating -and wounding some of them, (one of them being a lame cripple,) -taking of the inhabitants prisoners, and putting irons upon them, -others they tied with ropes, and stripped some to their shirts, and -as one of them who was led next day in irons towards Oatlands, -stopped to take a little water in his hat to drink, they beat him -and bruised him for offering to do it. Their hearts were so scared -they would not extend compassion to the aged and greyheaded; for -they took one grave old gentleman, above four score years of age, -and put him with other of the inhabitants of the town, into the -pound, where they were divers hours, and afterwards were removed -into a slaughter-house, where they lay all night, it being a most -nasty and noisome place; and the old gentleman being bound hand and -foot together all night. They also plundered an ancient gentlewoman -of about three score and ten years of age, whose age and weakness -would not permit her to go to Church for these seven years last past, -they took from her all her bedding, linen, pewter, &c., and even her -mantle from her back, leaving her in a poor and miserable condition. -Their plundering was so universal, that even divers of the richer as -well as the mean sort were, and to this day are, inforced to live on -the charity of the Earl of Essex and his soldiers, the Cavaliers -leaving scarce a piece of bread or meat in all the town. It would -pierce a heart of flint to see the tears dropping from the old men’s -eyes, in expressing their sad condition; and a great addition to -these cruelties was the barbarous, merciless, and unheard of usage -of the Parliament soldiers by the Cavaliers; for they did put them -into a pound and there tied and pinioned them together, where they -so stood for many hours, some of them stripped to their shirts, -others to their breeches, most without stockings or shoes, and -in that condition removed to the slaughter-house, where they lay -all night, and next day were dragged away over Houndslow Heath -towards Oatlands, divers of them bare foot and bare leg over fur and -thistles till their feet and legs did bleed, and were sorely galled. -But these may be accounted acts of grace and favor in comparison to -what they did to others of them; for when divers of Master Holles, -his soldiers, fled into the Thames for safeguard of their lives, they -shot at them as they were swimming, and divers of them were drowned.” - -“They took, after the fight ended, five of the Earl of Essex his -soldiers, and tied by the hands with ropes, inforced them into the -river Thames, who standing in the water to their necks, casting their -eyes on their enemies in hopes of mercy; but, such was the merciless -condition of their adversaries, that a trooper ran in the water after -them, and forced them to fall into the depth of the water, crying to -them in a jeering manner, swim for your lives, when it was past all -possibility to escape. Here had their barbarous carriage begun and -ended in the heat of blood and revenge, had a little qualified their -offence; but so full of inhumanity was their hearts, even before the -fight at Old Brainford, with Colonel Holles, his regiment, that they -placed ten of the Earl of Essex his soldiers, whom they had formerly -taken prisoners at Kingston, pinioned in the front of their men to be -as a breastwork to receive the bullets that came from Colonel Holles, -his regiment, that the Cavaliers might escape them; but such was the -providence of God, that not one of them was hurt, though shot in the -clothes in many places, and one of the ten escaped, who was formerly a -sergeant to a company in Colonel Essex, his regiment, and in the -presence of divers witnesses averred the truth of this particular. And -now since it appears by the prodigious acts of rapine, devastation, -and tyranny, that these men delight in cruelty, and fight against -their own associates, and spoil those that favour their own cause with -those that oppose it, what remains but that they be taken not for such -as endeavour the defence of the King, but the ruin of the Kingdom, and -not as enemies of some kind of men, but as the common enemies of -mankind; and, therefore, mankind should join together against them, as -it was said of Ishmael, ‘His hand shall be against every man, and -every man’s hand against him.’” - -To this precious and characteristic document which was ordered by -Parliament to be published, the King’s advisers thought it necessary -to reply at length, and to that reply Parliament replied, and so for a -time rebutter and surrebutter were shuttlecocked between the parties -in a dispute which must end in the awful issue of civil war. - -Patrick Ruthen, Earl of Forth, in Scotland, was, for his services in -this action, created by Charles I, Earl of Brentford, a title which -became extinct with him in 1651. In 1689 the title was revived by King -William, who gave it to Duke Schomberg; Schomberg’s son, who died in -1719, was the last Earl of Brentford. - -We have mentioned two events so far removed in time as the reigns of -Edmund and Charles I, and they are the only ones in which Ealing and -its vicinity seem to have been perturbed by armed forces, but it -should be added that when England was threatened with invasion by -Napoleon in 1797, the inhabitants of Ealing and Brentford formed a -volunteer corps of some two hundred strong, and at the close of the -war its colours were, happily unstained, deposited in the Parish -Church at Ealing. - -~The Brentford Martyrs.~ - -But this locality is associated in history not only with war’s alarms, -but with religious and political divisions. From Falkener’s History of -Brentford, we learn that “Not long after the death of seven godly -martyrs that suffered in Smithfield were six other faithful witnesses -of the Lord’s true Testament, martyred at Brainford, the 14th day of -July, 1558, which said six were of that Company, that were apprehended -in a close, hard by Islington, and sent to prison. Whose names -hereafter follow: Robert Miles, Stephen Cotton, Robert Dynes, Stephen -Wright, John Slade, William Pikes. The six forenamed martyrs (gentle -reader) had their articles ministered to them by Thomas Darbyshire, -Bonner’s Chancellor, at sundry times, when though they were severally -examined, yet had they all one manner of articles ministered unto -them, and they had made answer unto the same, in the end the -Chancellor commanded them to appear before him again, the 11th day of -July, after in the said place at St. Paul’s. When they came he -required of them, whether they would turn their opinions to the mother -holy church, and, if not that, then whether there were any excuse to -the contrary, but that he might proceed with the sentence of -excommunication. Whereunto they all answered that they would not go -from the truth, nor retreat from the same while they lived. Then he -charged them to appear before him again the next day to hear the -definitive sentence read against them, according to the ecclesiastical -law then in force. At which time he, sitting in judgment, talking with -these godly and virtuous men, at last came unto the same place Sir -Edward Hastings, and Sir Thomas Cornwall, Knights, two of Queen Mary’s -officers of her house, and being there they sat down over against the -Chancellor, in whose presence the said Chancellor condemned these good -poor lambs, and delivered them over to the secular power, who received -and carried them to prison immediately, and there kept them in safety -to the day of their death. In the meantime, the naughty Chancellor -slept not, I warrant you, but that day in which they were condemned, -he made certificate into the Lord Chancellor’s offices, from whence -the next day after was sent a writ to burn them at Brentford -aforesaid, which accordingly was accomplished in the same place, the -said 12th day of July. Whereunto they being brought, made their -laudable prayers unto the Lord Jesus, undressed themselves, went -joyfully to the stake, whereunto they were bound, and the fire flaming -about them, they yielded their souls, bodies, and lives, into the -hands of the omnipotent Lord, for whose cause they did suffer, to -whose protection I recommend thee, gentle reader. Amen.” Why the -martyrdom was at Brentford does not appear, though presumably it owes -that unhappy distinction to its status as County town of Middlesex, -and there it was that in former days the poll was taken for the -election of Knight’s of the shire. - -~Wilkes At Brentford.~ - -Readers of Constitutional history are familiar with the struggle -between the House of Commons and the people for the freedom of -election, contests identified curiously enough in the last century -with the names of Wilkes and in this of Mr. Charles Bradlaugh. In the -early part of the century Brentford was the scene of much rioting and -disorder and even bloodshed, and the route from Charing Cross to -Brentford was often lined with eager partisans cheering or hooting the -freeholders as they made their way to record their votes for or -against the man whom the irony of fate had made the champion of the -national liberties. - -~The Plague.~ - -But if Ealing has seen but little of the horrors of war it has groaned -under a visitation more terrible still, the hideous hand of the Plague -of 1665 and 1666. It is said to have been brought to the neighbourhood -by two soldiers who were quartered at the Half-way House at Old -Brentford, and the Parish Register bears sad testimony to its ravages. -It raged for more than twelve months, and claimed for its own more -than two hundred and fifty victims. - - - June 24. --A souldier dyed at the Half-way House at Old Brentford, - at - Don’s. - July 1. --A souldier that dyed at James Garraway’s. - July 10. --John White and a son of Richard were buried of the - plague, - from Don’s. - July 12. --Richard Don the master of the house. - July 13. --Two children of Richard Don, a maid, and a maid of James - Garraway’s, - all buried in one grave, in Old Brentford field, of the - plague. - ,, 22. --Sarah, a child of James Garraway’s, died of the plague. - - ,, 26. --One that dyed in the Burrow at Old Brentford of the - plague. - ,, One that wrought at Robert Monday’s of the plague. - - ,, The wife of Joseph Grant of the plague. - ,, 31. --A child of Ben Watts of the plague. - Aug. 23. --Annie, wife of Robert Rendell, of the plague. - ,, 24. --A girl buried of the plague, from Walter’s House in the - town. - ,, 26. --Three children from Brentford of the plague. - ,, 27. --Two from Mr. Walter’s house. - ,, 28. --Robert Randall. - ,, Francis Potter. - ,, 29. --A child named John Mason. - ,, Goodman Carter’s wife. - Nov. 10. --Robert Cromwell’s maid. - ,, Barbarietta, the daughter of John Welbro’ Gent. - - -In the months of November and December the plague increased in -violence, and as many as seven died in one day. Most of the dead were -interred in holes dug in the fields to the south of the village, which -to this day are called “Dead Men’s Graves.” - -Ealing is rich in noble buildings dedicated to the service of God. The -parish church, St. Mary’s, stands on the site of a former structure, -which was built in 1729, under Act of Parliament and by the Authority -of a “brief,” replacing the original church that had begun to sink. -The present edifice is of brick, and consists of a nave and chancel, -organ chamber, ambulatories and a square tower, designed after the -Romanesque style, a corruption of the Doric and Ionic. It is basilican -in its internal and external appearance, and a baptisty stands in lieu -of the southern transept. The monuments from the walls of the former -structure are mostly collected in recesses at the west end. The Church -is subject to the jurisdiction of the Bishop of London, in whom is the -advowson. Robert De Balmers, Bishop of London, we learn from Falkner, -gave the tithes of Ealing, in the reign of Henry I, to augment the -salary of an officer in the Church of St. Paul’s, called the Master of -the Schools. But on the office of Mastership of the Schools merging in -that of Chancellor, it is probable that the tithes of Ealing reverted -to the Bishop of London, for in 1308 the Church of Ealing was -appropriated by Bishop Baldeck to the Chancellor, subject to the -payment of £10 per annum to the Vicar of Ealing, and to the reading of -lectures in divinity, either in his own person, or by a sufficient -deputy, on penalty of forfeiting the whole profits of the rectory, a -third of which in that case was allotted to a lecturer, a third to the -repairs of St. Paul’s Cathedral, and a third for the maintenance of -the Church. In the taxation of 1327, the Church of Ealing was rated at -25 marks. In the reign of Edward VI the vicarage was valued at £13 6s. -8d. The present value of the living, according to the Clergy List is -£800. - -Ealing has numbered among its vicars many divines who have been -celebrated for their learning, their piety, and their zeal, and it is -the merest justice to say that in the attributes that adorned his -predecessors, in lofty and stately eloquence, in moving pathos, in -chastened declamation, and in all the graces of cultured speech -glowing in poetic imagery, Dr. Oliver, the present incumbent, has -amply sustained the traditions of his benefice. The following is the -list of the Vicars of Ealing:-- - - - Roger de Thorlaston. - 1372, April 8. Robert de Haytfield. Resigned. - 1386, Nov. 12. William Semley. Ob. - 1386, Feb. 11. John Dames. Ob. - 1390, Oct. 25. David Bagator. Resig. - 1398, Dec. 7. Nic. Bowne. ,, - 1399, Oct. 18. Will. Wright. ,, - 1400, Sep. 15. John Duffield. ,, - 1407, Dec. 21. Baldwin Bagatour. - 1437, Aug. 2. John Mallony. ,, - 1443, July 18. Joh. Smith. ,, - Ric. Burton. - 1451, Nov. 26. Thos. Curteys, LL.B. - 1478, May 28. Will. Tournour, A.M. Ob. - 1503, Sep. 15. Thos. Everard. ,, - 1513, Dec. 9. Sim. King. Resig. - 1537, Jan. 19. Will. Havard. Ob. - 1566, Feb. I. Oliver Stoning, S.T.B. ,, - 1571, Nov. 26. Thos. Rycroft. ,, - 1582, April 7. Thos. Knight, A.M. ,, - 1591, Nov. 26. Ric. Smart. Resig. - 1602, October. Joh. Bromfield, A.M. Ob. - 1610, Jan. 29. Edwd. Abbot, A.M. ,, - 1615, Jan, 19. Rec. Tavernor, A.M. Resig. - 1638, Oct. 13. Rob. Cooper, LL.B. Ob. - - -Cooper’s lines did not lie in pleasant places. He was ejected by the -Puritans, and from this circumstance no less than from his position, -we may be sure he had not disguised his Royalist sympathies. It is not -known how the erstwhile vicar of Ealing spent his interregnum, whether -he had means apart from his calling, or lived on the goodwill of -friends, or flitted about as so many of the deprived clergy did from -the house of one cavalier to another’s, or followed the fallen -fortunes of the young king _de jure_ at the foreign courts that gave a -grudged shelter to the royal exile. During the period of his -suspension, marriages assumed the character of a civil contract, and -the Registrar acted much as a Registrar acts in our days in civil -marriages. Here is a copy of an entry of the publication of intent to -marry, 1653. “A publication of an intent of marriage betweene John -Holliday, the sonne of Jo. Holliday, waterman, and Sarah Walker, -spinster, and daughter of Richard Walker, of Old Brentford, mealman, -was published in Yling church three several days, viz., November 6, -13, &c., 1653. By me Joseph Walker Register.” - -During Cooper’s deprivation the pulpit of the Church was occupied by -Daniel Carwarthen, and by Thomas Gilbert, the latter of whom was in -possession at the Restoration. Just as Cooper had clung to Church and -King, so did Gilbert refuse to recognize the new or restored polity. -So Gilbert was removed from the Church, and as it happened that -Gilbert was the first recusant, he desired to have it recorded on his -tomb that he was the proto-martyr to the cause of non-conformity. -Robert Cooper was reinstated in his old benefice, but died within a -few months thereafter. - -1660, January 4. William Beveridge, A.M. of St. John’s College. An -excellent and a most learned divine. In his twentieth year he wrote a -treatise on the Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriac, Arabic, and Samarian tongues. -He resigned the Vicarage of Ealing for the rectory of St. Peter’s, -Cornhill. In 1681 he was made Archdeacon of Colchester with a stall as -Prebend in St. Paul’s. In 1691 he declined the see of Bath and Wells -from conscientious motives, but subsequently became Bishop of St. -Asaph. He died in 1708 and was buried in St. Paul’s Cathedral. - - - - 1673, April 29. Seth Lamb, A.M. Resig. - 1702, Jan. 26. William Hall, A.M. Ob. - 1719, Feb. 9. Thomas Mangey, LL.D. prom. - -The author of many theological works that attained considerable -repute. Dr. Mangey was chaplain to Dr. Robinson, Bishop of London, and -prebendary of the Cathedral of Durham. He married the daughter of -Archbishop Sharp. - - - William Hall Resig. - 1754, Sep. 29. John Botham, M.A. Resig. - 1773, Dec. 10. Chas. Sturges, M.A. Ob. - - -The Rev. C. Sturges was Vicar of Ealing during the time Mrs. Trimmer -was resident in the Parish and in her Memoirs he is described as in -every part of his duty indefatigable, admonishing, persuading in -season and out of season, exhorting his flock to walk in the path of -duty, or to return to it if they had unhappily strayed. The sick were -visited, the ignorant instructed, the distressed relieved, and all -watched over with a regard almost paternal. It was in the time of Mr. -Sturges that Sunday Schools were introduced into Ealing. The credit of -establishing Sunday Schools is generally attributed to Robert Raikes -who advocated them in the Gloucester Journal of which he was -proprietor and Editor. The idea was communicated to Mr. Raikes by the -Rev. Mr. Stock, curate of St. John’s, Gloucester. Mr. Stock secured -the co-operation of Mr. Raikes and though the Schools inaugurated by -the coadjutors were not in fact the first Schools which might properly -be termed Sunday Schools, there is no doubt that to the publicity and -prominence given to the subject by Raikes, we are indebted for the -general and rapid adoption of the institution throughout the land, and -Mr. Sturges welcomed and encourage the first Sunday Schools opened in -Ealing. - - - 1797, Sep. 21. Colston Carr, LL.B. Resig. - 1822, June 1. Herbert Oakeley. ,, - 1834, Mar. 19. John Smith, B.D. - Edwd. Wm. Relton, M.A. - W. E. Oliver, LL.D. Floreat. - - -Within the Church are many monuments and mural inscriptions, but not -all of them are of so general interest as to call for record here. -There are however exceptions. On the east end of the north aisle is -placed an ancient plate to the memory of Richard Amondesham, merchant -of the staple of Calais, with brass figures in the dresses of the -fifteenth century. There is an oval tablet to the memory of some -members of the family of John Oldmixon, a party writer in the days of -Pope and Addison, and who secured the questionable honour of a niche -in the Dunciad. A black marble table with gilt letters contains some -particulars of the family of Sir Frederick Morton Eden, Bart; a -pyramid with arms recalls the memory of Joseph Gulston, of Ealing -Grove, five times M.P. for Poole, and one of the South Sea Directors, -who died in 1766. A monument of white marble is sacred to the names of -John Loving, of Little Ealing, one of the Tellers of the Exchequer in -the reign of King Charles the Second, King James the Second, and King -William the third. Other monuments there are to Major-General Sir -James Lomond, C.B. and to Sir Frederick Wettherall, G.C.H., and a -noble piece of ornamental statuary bears an eloquent inscription to -the virtues of Dame Jane Rawlinson, who died in 1713, leaving £500 for -teaching twenty poor girls of the parish of Ealing. A slab on the -floor informs us that Elizabeth wife of John Maynard, Sergeant at Law, -was buried here ye 4th day of January, 1664. Sir John Maynard’s -remains are in the Churchyard. He died at Gunnersbury not long after -the Restoration. His name will ever be associated with the prosecution -of Strafford and Laud and other State Trials of the period. It is said -that when he paid his duties at the Court of William of Orange, the -King observed on his great age and asked if he had not survived all -the lawyers of his youth? “Yes, sir; and if your highness had not come -over here, I should have survived even the law itself,” was the -diplomatic and perhaps the true reply. A character of very different -type found, in the Churchyard of Ealing, rest. His vault bears the -epitaph, “John Horne Tooke, late of Wimbledon, author of the -Diversions of Purley, was born June, 1736, and died March 18th, 1812, -contented and grateful.” Happy the demagogue and agitator who can -close his life with such a message to posterity! John Horne Tooke, was -born at Westminister, the son of John Horne, a poulterer, the surname -Tooke being assumed in regard for a friend, William Tooke, on whose -behalf he had resisted an inclosure bill for lands in Purley, near -Goistone, in Surrey. Tooke was educated at Westminster and Eton -Schools, and St. John’s College, Cambridge. He entered the Church in -compliance with the wishes of his father, but against his own. That -the duties of his sacred office were irksome and uncongenial he has -left on record in a letter, in execrable taste, to his friend Wilkes. -It was largely owing to the exertions of Tooke that Wilkes was elected -for Middlesex in 1768, and he was closely allied with that agitator in -the foundation of the society for supporting the Bill of Rights, and -in the contests in which that politician engaged with Parliament. -Tooke obtained his degree of M.A. though not without opposition, many -members of the University resisting the conferment, Dr. Paley among -others, and in his political strife Tooke drew upon him the bitter -invective of Junius. On the breaking out of the American War of -Independence, Tooke sympathized with the revolted colonists, and -assualted the ministry so unguardedly that he was tried for libel, -fined and imprisoned. On his release he sought to be called to the -bar, but the Benchers rejected him as a clergyman. He unsuccessfully -contested Westminster on more than one occasion, but in 1801 he was -returned by Lord Camelford for the rotten borough of Old Sarum, an -anomalous position for an advanced reformer. Tooke was the last -clergyman to sit in the Commons, an act being passed in 1802 to -disqualify clergymen in holy orders. Tooke’s chief claim to fame rests -however on his “Diversions of Purley,” a sort of Grammatical and -Philological Treatise couched in Dialogue. Tooke’s was a troubled -life. What was the secret of the epitaph? - -There are many charities, more noble monuments of the dead then ought -ever graved by the sculptor’s art. The chief of these are John -Bowman’s Charity (1612) for such goodly and charitable uses as the -officers thereof for the time being shall deem meet and convenient; -Richard and Mary Need’s, a Brentford Charity; Richard Taylor’s and -Lady Capell’s Bequest, by which one-twelfth part of the income of an -estate in Kent, called Perry-court Farm was given in 1721 by the will -of the Rt. Hon. Dorothy Dowager Lady Capell, for the support of the -Charity School of Ealing, and Dame Jane Rawlinson’s Bequest, by her -will of October 7th, 1712, which has been already mentioned. -Particulars of these and many others may be found in Falkner’s History -of Ealing. - -Fifty years ago there was but one Church in Ealing, there are now -eight, besides Chapels; _Christ Church_ which was built in 1852 at a -cost of £10,000. It is in the Geometrical Decorated style, was -designed by Sir Gilbert Scott and is of singular grace and beauty. -_St. John’s Church_ in Ealing Dean was built in 1876 of brick, with -stone and terra cotta facings in the Early English style of -architecture. _St. Stephen’s Church_, near Castle Hill, erected in -1875 is of Gothic Style. There are also the Churches of _St. -Matthew’s_ in the North Common Road, _St. Peter’s_ in the Mount Park -Road, _St. James’s_ in the Alexandria Road, Ealing Dean, and -_St. Saviour’s_ in Grove Place. There are moreover Presbyterian, -Congregational, Baptist and Primitive Methodist Chapels. - -~Mansions.~ - -As might be expected, Ealing and its vicinity abound in noble -mansions, large and stately dwellings, standing in rich and ornate -grounds, surrounded by lofty walks, and sheltered by noble trees. Here -for generations the great and noble have sought repose from the -distractions of society, the studious have found quiet and serenity, -the statesman calm, the gallant soldier peace, the merchant prince -contentment, and all a sweet and healthful retirement. On Castlebar -Hill stood formerly Castle-hill Lodge, which up to the year 1812 was -the seat of the Duke of Kent, and at one time the residence of Mrs. -Fizherbert. The Duke of Kent married in 1818 a princess of the House -of Coburg, and our gracious Queen Victoria was issue of this alliance. -At the eastern extremity of Ealing is Fordhook, where Fielding dwelt -until he left England for Lisbon in the last desperate search for -health. It was at Fordhook that “Tom Jones” and “Amelia” were written. -His Journal under date Wednesday, June 16th, 1754, contains the -following touching passage. “On this day, the most melancholy sun I -ever beheld arose, and found me awake at my house at Fordhook. By the -light of the sun I was, in my own opinion, last to behold, and take -leave of some of those creatures on whom I doated with a mother-like -fondness, guided by nature and passion, and uncured and unhardened by -all the doctrine of that philosophical school, where I had learned to -bear pains and despise death. In this situation, as I could not -conquer nature, I submitted entirely to her, and she made as great a -fool of me as she had ever done of any woman whatsoever; under -pretence of giving me leave to enjoy, she drew me on to suffer the -company of my little ones during eight hours; and I doubt not, whether -in that time I did not undergo more than in all my distemper. At -twelve o’clock precisely my coach was at the door, which was no sooner -told me than I kissed my children round, and went into it with some -little resolution. My wife, who behaved more like a heroine and a -philosopher, though at the same time the tenderest mother in the -world, and my eldest daughter followed me; some friends went with us, -and others here took their leave; and I heard my behaviour applauded -with many murmurs and praises, to which I knew I had no title; as all -other such philosophers may, if they have any modesty, confess in the -like occasion.” Fielding died at Lisbon in the following October. -Fordhook was subsequently occupied by Lady Byron, the poet’s hapless -wife, and here, in 1853, their daughter “Ada, sole daughter of my -house and heart,” was married in the drawing room by special license -to the Earl of Lovelace. - -But novelists as great if not greater than Fielding have sojourned in -Ealing. Thackeray was at school here, of which more anon. Dickens used -often to ride over to visit his sister, Mrs. Hogarth, at Ealing Dean. -Dibdin wrote many of his best songs at his house in Hanger Lane; and -Edward Bulwer Lytton was at school in a house that stood in what was -then called Love Lane. The school was kept by Mr. Wallington, and a -correspondent of Lytton’s biographer furnishes us with an interesting -sketch of school and pedagogue. - -“We drew up in front of a massive old-fashioned arched door in a high -brick wall, above which nothing but the chimneys and projecting gables -of the attic windows of Mr. Wallington’s house were visible. It was a -large, ancient, time-worn edifice, in which the lord of the manor or -other great man of the parish, might be supposed to have lived in the -time of William and Mary or Queen Anne, but it had been disfigured by -a mean-looking brick building tacked to its northern side, possibly by -its present proprietor.” - -“I was not long in discovering that Mr. Wallington was not the scholar -I had hoped to find him. Not only had he no objection to our preparing -our lesson by the help of English translations, but at lessons he used -a like ‘crib’ and, even with its assistance, failed as often as not, -to explain the grammatical structure, or throw light upon the meaning -of some passage in Sophodes or Thucydides, which had baffled Gore, by -far the most advanced student of our lot. Nevertheless, by being -always at his post, in cheerful readiness to take his share in our -tasks, he kept us up so well to our work that there was no falling off -in our previously acquired knowledge of Latin and Greek.” - -“In Mr. Wallington, we had always before us the example of one who in -principles, as well as manners, was a gentleman in the best sense of -the word; courteous in bearing, pleasant in speech, with patience, -fine temper, and a tender regard for the feelings of others.” - -“Mr. Wallington rode ‘Bonnie Bess,’ formerly a favourite hackney of -George III, for whose service she had been specially trained, and, in -order to protect him against sudden assaults, had been taught to rear -and trample down anyone who put out a hand to seize her bridle -whenever she had a rider on her back. The story ran that Queen -Charlotte, a lady of frugal mind, had sold her husband’s stud as soon -as his malady had reached the stage that there was no hope that he -would ever mount his horse again.” - -It was at Ealing too, during his schooldays that the illustrious -novelist tasted the bitter sweets of a first love, and his own pen has -told the story. - -“The country around where my good preceptor resided was rural enough -for a place so near the metropolis. A walk of somewhat less than a -mile, through lanes that were themselves retired and lonely, led to -green sequestered meadows, through which the humble Brent crept along -its snake-like way. O God! how palpably, even in hours the least -friendly to remembrance, there rises before my eyes, when I close -them, that singular dwarfed tree which overshadowed the little stream, -throwing its boughs half way to the opposite margin! I wonder if it -still survives. I dare not revisit that spot. And there we were wont -to meet (poor children that we were!) thinking not of the world we had -scarce entered, dreaming not of fate and chance, reasoning not on what -was to come, full only of our first born, our ineffable love. Along -the quiet road between Ealing and Castlebar, the lodge gates stood -(perhaps they are still standing,) which led to the grounds of a villa -once occupied by the Duke of Kent. To the right of those gates, as you -approached them from the common, was a path. Through two or three -fields, as undisturbed and lonely as if they lay in the heart of some -solitary land far from any human neighbourhood, this path conducted to -the banks of the little rivulet, overshadowed here and there by -blosoming shrubs and crooked pollards of fantastic shape. Along that -path once sped the happiest steps that ever bore a boy’s heart to the -object of its first innocent worship.” - -Lord Lytton does not disclose the name of his youthful and unhappy -love. He was then 17 and she was, he informs us, one or two years -older then he. This seems to be of course. Let the male reader ransack -his own experience and it is odds there looms before his mental vision -some angel of twenty whom he assured he should be sixteen in a few -months, and that he felt old for his age. Lord Lytton had soon to part -from the nymph, who, his Life by his son asserts, was forced into an -early and uncongenial marriage. For three years, in obedience to duty, -she strove to smother the love which consumed her; and when she sunk -under the conflict, and death was about to release her from the -obligations of marriage and life itself, she wrote a letter to her -youthful adorer and with her dying hand informed him of the suffering -which she had passed, and of her unconquerable devotion to him, and -intimated a wish that he should visit her grave. It is she whom he -apostrophizes in one of his earliest essays: “My lost, my buried, my -unforgotten! you, whom I knew in the first fresh years of life, you, -who were snatched from me before one leaf of the Summer of Youth and -of love was withered; you over whose grave, yet a boy, I wept away -half the softness of my soul, now that I know the eternal workings of -the world, and the destiny of all human ties, I rejoice that you are -no more! that custom never dulled the music of your voice, the pathos -and the magic of your sweet eyes, that the halo of a dream was round -you to the last! had you survived till now, we should have survived, -not our love indeed, but all that renders love most divine,” and so -the noble writer goes on in an ecstatic passage which means, if it has -any meaning at all, that he was glad the lady died, because if she had -lived they would have tired of each other. - -On rising ground on the outskirts of Ealing where it borders on -Turnham Green, stands the historic mansion of Gunnersbury, now owned -by Baron Rothschild. The present mansion replaces an earlier edifice, -which was pulled down at the end of the last century. The Gunnersbury -of that date vied with Holland House and Strawberry Hill. At one time -the old building was the abode of Sergeant Maynard who died there in -1690. There for many years dwelt his widow, his third wife, who -ultimately married the Earl of Suffolk. On her death in 1721 -Gunnersbury was acquired by Lord Hobart and later by the Princess -Amelia, daughter of George II, and aunt of George III, who formed a -Salon there. The princess had a considerable taste and talent for -political intrigue, and her parties were resorted to by all that -sought favor at Court. In 1761 we find in a letter of Sir Horace -Walpole, “I was sent for again to dine at Gunnersbury on Friday, and -was forced to send to town for a dress coat and a sword. There were -the Prince of Wales, the Prince of Mecklenburgh, the Duke of Portland, -Lord Clanbrassil, Lord and Lady Clermont, Lord and Lady Southampton, -Lord Pelham and Mrs. Howe. The Prince of Mecklenburgh was back to -Windsor after coffee, and the Prince and Lord and Lady Clermont to -town after tea, to hear some new French plays at Lady William -Gordon’s. The Princess, Lady Barrymore, and the rest of us played -three games at commerce till ten. I am afraid that I was tired, and -gaped. While we were at the Dairy, the Princess insisted on my making -some verses on Gunnersbury, I pleaded superannuation, but she would -not excuse me.” The mansion, the present seat of Baron Rothschild, is -surrounded by grounds of considerable extent and laid out with much -care and taste. The house contains many noticeable statues, and -several striking pictures, one of which limns a historic scene, the -introduction of the late Baron Lionel Rothschild into the House of -Commons in 1858 after the removal of the Disabilities of the Jews. The -baron’s sponsors were Lord John Russel and Bernal Osborne, of witty -memory, and on the front benches on either side are to be seen the -well-known faces of Lord Palmerstone, Mr. Disraeli, Mr. Gladstone, -Cornewall Lewis, and the late Lord Derby. - -Gunnersbury House, says Mr. Falkner, is a handsome specimen of the -Tuscan order. The South front is 126 feet long, and consists of a -centre and wings; the former is three stories high, and the latter two -stories. The north front is of the same dimensions, but of more simple -construction; it is ornamented with a grand portico with four columns -of the Tuscan order; the whole front consisting of three stories. The -east end is 60 feet wide, and is divided into two large and splendid -bow windows, and is used as a conservatory. The terrace in front of -the house is bordered by a dwarf wall and stone coping, and ornamented -with vases. At the east end of this terrace is an alcove, in which is -placed a statue of Apollo. The west end is bounded by an architectural -archway, leading to the gardens. On the west is a handsome temple of -the Tuscan order, supported by two pilasters and two columns. On the -tympanum of the pediment is a shield with foliage. The interior is -chastely arranged, and beautifully furnished with Chinese vases, -antique chairs, &c., and the walls are ornamented with bas reliefs, -representing the most striking scenes taken from the history of -Greece. From the south front of this temple is obtained an extensive -view of the surrounding country including Kew Gardens, and the Surrey -Hills in the distance. This spot is the most elevated part of the -grounds, as well as the most beautiful, and is further ornamented with -a circular piece of water, consisting of about two acres. This part of -the garden shows evident marks of the hand of Kent, who was employed -by Mr. Turner for the purpose of embellishing the grounds and -improving the landscape. A row of cedar trees here raise their -majestic heads, and are greatly admired. The Italian garden at the -back of the Temple is embellished with eight figures on sand-stone of -Burns’s “Jolly Beggars,” admirably executed by Thoms. - -On the edge of Ealing Common stands The Grove, which, in the later -part of the seventeenth century, was occupied by Sir William Trumbull, -the friend of Pope, and Secretary of State to William III. Pope wrote -his epitaph: - - - A pleasing form, a firm, yet cautious mind; - Sincere, though prudent; constant, yet resign’d, - Honour unchang’d, a principle profest, - Fix’d to one side, but mod’rate to the rest, - An honest courtier, yet a patriot too; - Just to his prince, and to his country true; - Fill’d with the sense of age, the fire of youth, - A scorn of wrangling, yet a zeal for truth. - A gen’rous faith, from superstition free, - A love to peace, and hate of tyranny; - Such this man was, who now, from earth remov’d, - At length enjoys the liberty he lov’d. - - -Elm Grove passed successively into the hands of Dr. Hedges, secretary -to Queen Anne, and Dr. Egerton, Bishop of Durham, and Lord Kinnair -from the heirs of which nobleman it was purchased by the Rt. Hon. -Spencer Percival, Chancellor of the Exchequer, who was shot on May -11th, 1812, as he was entering the lobby of the House of Commons, by -one Bellingham, whose mind had been unhinged by commercial -misfortunes, and who in some way connected the Chancellor with his -adversities. Bellingham was hanged at Newgate. Elm Grove became -subsequently an Asylum for the officers of the East Indian Company, -and was purchased by Baron Rothschild, and is now dismantled. - -The crime and execution of Bellingham recall another event connected -with Ealing the story of which is infinitely sad. It is a story of -great talents prostituted to base uses, with dismal tragedy in their -train. In the year 1766 the Manor House, subsequently called -Goodenough House, was occupied by Dr. Dodd as a boarding School for -young gentlemen, and in February of that year, he was there arrested -and conveyed to Newgate on a charge of forging the name of Lord -Chesterfield to a receipt for money and a bond. The prisoner -acknowledged his guilt and alleged the stress of poverty. The jury -returned a verdict of guilty, but drew up a recommendation to His -Majesty for mercy. The sheriff of London, attended by the City -Remembrancer, presented a memorial from the city to the King, -entreating mercy; another was sent to the Queen from the Magdalen -Hospital, in whose institution Dr. Dodd had borne an active part. Lord -Percy handed in one signed by twenty thousand inhabitants of -Westminster, and the wife of the unhappy man with whom he had lived in -the most perfect conjugal felicity, presented a petition for the Royal -clemency to the Queen in person. But their efforts were fruitless, and -he was hanged on June 28th, displaying great fortitude. The unhappy -man was LL.D. of Cambridge, a clerk in holy orders, and a prebend of -Brecon, one time tutor to the celebrated Earl of Chesterfield, and -vicar of Wantage in Buckinghamshire. He was a man of singular -attainments, but unhappily of a profuse and extravagant style of life. -It was the old story, _alieni appetens, sui profusus_, and the -embarrassment occasioned by reckless expenditure led him to an awful -doom. Whilst awaiting his end he wrote his “Prison Thoughts,” in which -he was assisted by Dr. Johnson. - -_Ealing House_ in the Park Road, now occupied as Byron House School, -belonged to the Bonfoy family in 1691; in 1715 to Sir James Montagu, -Baron of the Exchequer, later to General John Hawke and the Earl of -Galloway. A further notice of this house will be found in later pages. - -_Its Schools_. Few, if any, places of anything like the same size, -contain so many and so excellent Colleges, Academies, Boarding and Day -Schools, as Ealing. Many circumstances have conspired to this result. -In the first place, the _fons et origo_, probably, of this -consummation, nature seems to have marked the spot for schools. The -situation is near enough to the Thames to make the loveliest haunts -of the river easily accessible, and it is distant enough to be free -from the fogs and low humours of a riparian situation; it is remote -enough from London to be almost pastoral in its charms yet close -enough to be reached by many routes within an hour. The streets of -the town and the urban roads are broad and well made, the latter -lined with noble chestnuts that, in the spring, are a mass of spiked -bloom, suggesting the boulevards of continental cities rather than -the prosaic high ways of English life. It abounds in large open -spaces, wide stretching greens and commons, everywhere foliage and -bloom greet the senses. No noisome factories belch poison into the -air. It is _rus in urbe_ in effect. The man of business can be wafted -almost without effort to the very heart of the business centre of the -world, and yet his home lie in gracious avenues lined with stately -trees, and far remote from the toil and turmoil of the city and its -eternal din. In all Ealing there is not what may be reasonably called -a slum, and its most confined and gloomy alley might almost claim to -rank as an open space compared with the crowded courts of the East -End. Little wonder that the schoolmaster who is often spoken of as -abroad is very much at home in Ealing. The illustrious men, -distinguished in every pursuit of life, in arms, in commerce, in the -calm of the cloister, and in the strife of the forum, in literature -and in arts, who have drunk their first draughts of the Pierian -Spring at Ealing, their names are many, illustrious, and historic. -The most celebrated Private School in Great Britain, beyond question, -was that kept in Ealing by Dr. Nicholas, and known as the Great -Ealing School. It stood formerly on the site of the present Post -Office in Ranelagh Road, and that of the buildings on the opposite -side of the Ranelagh Road now used as a Repository. The House now -called Thorne House, or St. Mary’s College, conducted by Mr. Fiscn, -M.A., was. occupied as a Master’s House. Dr. Nicholas himself is -spoken of more than once in Thackeray’s Papers as “Dr. Tickle-us of -Great Ealing School.” How few private schools, indeed can any other -private school? claim among its alumni such men as Sir Henry -Lawrence, Lord Lawrence, Bishop Selwyn, Charles Knight, Sir Henry -Rawlinson, William Makepeace Thackeray, Cardinal Newman, Professor -Huxley and W. S. Gilbert. Charles Knight says of his schooldays here, -“my school life was a real happiness. My nature bourgeoned under -kindness.” The present Great Ealing School stands on the opposite -side of the road to the former premises. It was built by Dr. Nicholas -for his son, but the early death of that gentleman frustrated that -scheme. The School is now conducted by Rev. John Chapman. It stands -on a gravel soil, and is surrounded by nearly seven acres of ground, -with lawns and orchards. If the list of the conspicuous successes -gained in nearly all the Public Examinations of the present day are -any augury for the future, the Great Ealing School bids fair to -sustain its illustrious traditions. No school could do more. - -The former Master’s House, we have said, was, with an adjacent row of -houses, opened as a school for boys by Mr. Ray. In his hands it became -widely known, and was one of the largest private educational -establishments in the neighbourhood of London. The present Principal -is Mr. Jas. Fison, M.A., (London), who has given regard to the needs -of pupils preparing for the Universities, and the Public Examinations. -The tendency of modern education is to lay greater stress than -formerly on scientific study, and extensive chemical and physical -laboratories are now being erected with a well-filled workshop. It is -confidently anticipated that these will not only be of service to the -pupils at the school, but will be availed of by students residing in -the neighbourhood, who seek to obtain practical experience in -scientific or technical subjects. A large and well-appointed gymnasium -is also in course of erection in the playground attached to the school -and classes in physical education will be formed. - -In point of numbers the Byron House School, whose principals are Mr. -B. Bruce Smith, LL.D., and the Rev. E. J. Hockly, M.A., and which is -situate in the Park Road bears the palm. This School had a noble -beginning. It was instituted by Lady Byron, the poet’s wife, and for -many years that lady paid the fees of the boys admitted on her -nomination. Her Head-Master was Mr. Charles Nelson Atlee, and in 1848 -the increasing years and infirmities of her ladyship, combined no -doubt with a desire to mark her gratitude for Mr. Atlee’s co-operation -for so many years, prompted Lady Byron to hand over the school -entirely to Mr. Atlee, and it was carried on by him and his son, Mr. -Charles Atlee, A.C.P., till the father’s death in 1866, and its -efficiency and success may be guaged by the fact that in that period -the number of pupils rose from 40 to 100. The school remained in Mr. -C. Atlee’s hands till 1886, when Dr.Bruce Smith acquired it. It now -numbers over 200 pupils, and thirteen resident and three visiting -masters constitute a teaching staff of exceptional strength, and their -efforts have borne fruit in the University and other competitive Class -Lists. One of the greatest living musicians and one of the best of our -modern sculptors received their early training at Byron School, and -many of the banks and commercial establishments of high repute -throughout England and the Colonies have officered their desks from -former pupils of the School. In its earlier days Byron House -supplemented the Battersea Training College as an Academy for -Teachers, and a circumstance of special interest to Masters, may be -noted in the fact that the College of Preceptors was practically -founded in the private dining-room of Byron House School. It is beyond -all dispute that the scheme for testing the efficiency of private -schools, which led to the foundation of the Oxford and Cambridge Local -Examinations, has done more than any other movement to stimulate -education in this country. It annihilated the sluggard school-master, -and considerably wakened up the sluggard school-boy. - -_The Castle Hill School_. This School presents one notable feature. -Standing in some half-acre of ground, abutting on four acres of -play-ground, the building itself has been designed and constructed -specially for the use to which it is now devoted. A building whose -original purpose is private residence is not always best adapted for a -large school, but the architect for the Castle. Hill School with the -initial advantage of commodious and appropriate site has produced a -School whose adaptation of means to end, strikes the merest observer. -The central school-room is 60ft. long, 23ft wide, and 16ft. high, and -the sanitary arrangements of the whole structure are beyond criticism. -The Castle Hill School was founded, but not on its present site, by -the Rev. O. G. D. Perrott, M.A., in 1875, who transferred it in 1885 -to the present Head-Master, Mr. E. J. Morgan, 1st B. A., (London) and -by him the present school was erected in 1891. Admittedly the -Cambridge Local Examinations are a severe test of a school’s -efficiency and that out of the 19 certificates gained at the Ealing -Centre at the last Examination, 11 were secured by pupils of Mr. -Morgan, one with first-class honours, speaks highly in the School’s -favour. - -Space forbids the specific mention of all the educational advantages -of which Ealing can boast, but lest it should be assumed these are -confined to budding geniuses of the sterner sex, we may refer to the -Princess Helena College, a High School for Girls, situate in -Montpelier Road, of which the following account appeared in the -excellent work, “Ealing Illustrated,” published in 1893, by Messrs G. -Tyer and Co., London. - -“At Montpelier Road, we find the public High School for girls, known -as the Princess Helena College, which has an interesting history -attaching to it. It was originally founded in 1820, as a training -school for governesses, and also for the education of the orphans of -Military and Naval officers, members of the Civil Service, and -Clergymen, having been established as a memorial to H.R.H. Princess -Charlotte of Wales. At this time, it was known as the Audit and Orphan -Institution, and was situated near Regent’s Park, London. Greater -accommodation eventually became necessary, however, and a movement was -set on foot, under the presidency of Princess Christian, to erect -larger and more suitable buildings. The site now occupied was chosen, -and the present erection was built at a cost of £10,000, from designs -by Mr. S. Bannister, of Lincolns Inn Fields. Although, as we have -stated, it is now a Public High School for girls, the original object -of its foundation has not been lost sight of, and a portion of its -revenue derived from subscription is devoted to the education of girls -of the classes before referred to.” - -Ealing is the home of many charitable institutions and the Training -College for Teachers of the Deaf, situate at Elmhurst, Castlebar Hill, -under the Presidency of the Archbishop of Canterbury, has a wide -reputation. One of the Homes of the London Police Court Mission is to -be found in Church Lane, where, under the energetic and sympathetic -superintendence of Mr. Robert Marshall, those who have slipped from -the straight path, find help and encouragement in the hard and uphill -struggle to redeem the past. - -The municipal Government of Ealing is vested in a Local Board formed -on May 25th, 1863, superseding the old Highway Board with its nine -life members. That the Local Board has been enterprising a retrospect -of thirty years would amply prove: that its policy has been -successful, a few figures abundantly establish. In 1863 the -population was about 5,200. It now exceeds 37,000. In 1863 its -rateable value was £18,396, it is now over £167,000, That it has -jealously insisted that sanitary safeguards should accompany the swift -stride of progress may be inferred from the fact that Ealing has but -a death-rate of 11:23 per 1000, whilst professed and we may say -professional health resorts like Eastbourne, Harrogate, Cheltenham, -and Scarborough, range from near 15 to close on 19 per 1000. - -For Parliamentary purposes Ealing, with Chiswick and Acton, -constitutes the Ealing Division. Lord George Hamilton is the present -member, and it may be said that the Conservative view is in much favor -in Ealing. There are those who assert a necessary connection between -this fact and the abundance and excellence of its educational -advantages. This History sayeth not how this may be. - -The municipal Hall of the Town Fathers is in the Uxbridge Road, and is -an imposing structure in the Early Decorated Style from the designs of -Mr. C. Jones, C.E. surveyor to the Local Board to whose skill and care -Ealing is much indebted. The Public Buildings comprise a Free Library, -Science and Art School and the Victoria Jubilee Hall, largely used for -public meetings and popular entertainments. If to this we add that the -Lyric Hall furnishes forth a charming theatre, to which the cult of -the higher drama attracts the not infrequent visits of world-famed -artistes, enough has been said to assure the most confirmed haunter of -cities that though Ealing is not Mayfair, one might have a worse fate -than to be banished thither. 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