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If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. VIII, No. 375, March 5, 1887 - -Author: Various - -Editor: Charles Peters - -Release Date: November 27, 2021 [eBook #66830] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Susan Skinner and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at - https://www.pgdp.net - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL'S OWN PAPER, VOL. VIII, -NO. 375, MARCH 5, 1887 *** - - - - -[Illustration: THE GIRL’S OWN PAPER] - -VOL. VIII.—NO. 375.] MARCH 5, 1887. [PRICE ONE PENNY. - - - - -THE STORM - -BY ESTHER WIGLESWORTH. - - - Hark! hark! hark! - Hark to the thunder’s roar, - Hark how the maddened waves - Burst on the rock-girt shore! - Lashed by the furious winds, - Their foaming crests they rear, - Rush on with mighty bound, - Start back in shuddering fear. - - Hark to the rattling hail! - Hark to the driving rain! - The heavens, a blaze of light, - Throb as in quiv’ring pain; - All Nature seems to work, - Unchecked, its own wild will, - While man looks on in awe, - And bird and beast are still. - - God on the whirlwind rides, - The storm is ’neath His feet, - He holds in His right hand - The winds, His coursers fleet; - They bear creation’s Lord - In triumph on His way, - And in their maddest race - His slightest check obey. - - The lightning is His glance, - His breath upheaves the sea, - The thunder His dread voice - Of awful majesty; - In Nature’s seeming war - Its Maker walks abroad, - And all its mighty powers - Are servants of our God. - -[Illustration: THE COMING STORM.] - -_All rights reserved._] - - - - -SOME OF THE POETRY WE READ. - -A FEW NOTES ON THE MODERN USE OF THE OLD FRENCH METRICAL FORMS. - -BY J. W. GLEESON WHITE. - - -CHAPTER I. - -INTRODUCTION.—THE TRIOLET. - -Elsewhere in the pages of THE GIRL’S OWN PAPER a writer has explained -the laws of form governing and underlying what we call “classical” -music. To those who love art, in whatever guise it comes to us—as -symphony, picture, or poem—a very slight amount of careful study of -its accepted laws will repay a thousandfold the trouble taken. Having -grasped even the faintest idea of the reason for the special shape of -a sonata or a sonnet, the interest in the work itself becomes more -keen. Then, too, it will be seen why literary men and artists choose -the higher forms of their art to clothe their ideas. There is too often -a feeling that the chief difference between popular and classical art -is that the one is “dry,” while the other is pleasing. This is in part -true, but only when scholastic rules are obtruded too prominently. For -while it may be at once conceded that too great an attention to form -produces dry bones, yet genius can make these live, for subject as they -are to laws, and having clear sequence of form, they have inherent -vitality and strength, relying on more than mere fashion to keep their -hold on the people, in spite of the varying taste of each passing year. - -Nature, to whom we all come alike for our simplest as our highest -thoughts, works in many ways, but all subject to inviolable laws. These -may often be not evident at a cursory glance, and still more often -beyond our keenest search; we can only infer the law from the result. -In mere human work, what one man produces is more or less easily -understood by his fellow-man, and a knowledge of the rules to which he -conformed, adds interest to our pleasure in his work, and makes us able -to be real critics, to some extent, while mere taste or feeling can lay -claim to no more than a personal and often valueless opinion. - -The laws which govern music are probably better known than those which -rule verse, as our English poets choose generally a freer and more -flexible mode of expression than the old writers allowed. Again, in -music the form is more easily seen, for two reasons: one, that constant -habit of hearing pieces in strict form has given us knowledge, without -our being able to formulate it; the other, that the subjects of music, -being at most vague and abstract, are left out of the title of works -by the great masters, save in a very few instances. Even the “Eroica -Symphony” or the “Wedding March” merely suggests abstract feelings. To -describe a rose or an umbrella, for example, is impossible in music. -We can only suggest praise, or grief, and similar emotional feelings. -Therefore the shape only is usually given in the title, such as a -march, minuet, or sonata. But in poetry the shape is rarely described. -Even in the most widely used of these fixed forms, the sonnet, the -shape is not by any means invariably expressed in the title. In the -verses written in imitation of the Old French Troubadours it is more -often used. In the _rondeau_, the most widely chosen, it is not always -given, but the _triolet_, _villanelle_, or _ballade_ is almost always -so described in the title, the shape, as in music, ranking worthy of -interest in itself. These old shapes are more akin to the fugue and -canon in music, as the whole work has inner laws governing each detail, -and making the choice of words or notes decided beforehand to a great -extent by the form. - -It is intended in this paper to describe a few of the forms which have -of late found favour with the younger school of living poets, for a -twofold reason: first, that their readers may better appreciate their -works; secondly, that the amateur verse-writer may gain a knowledge of -these verse shapes, and thereby be able to produce trifles which are -worthy of attention. Although it is not given to many to produce great -thoughts, yet to acquire a polished mode of displaying lesser ones to -advantage, is in itself worth the trying. The tendency to diffusiveness -which weakens so much verse, until the pretty trifling becomes -wearisome, would be lessened if a strict form were first chosen, and -the subject necessarily compressed within its limits. - -The greater number of these forms originated with the Troubadours, and -here, for mere brevity’s sake, only a very few words must be said. The -subject of their loves and their lives has been so fully discussed that -a mere _résumé_ of all that is known would fill many parts of this -magazine. Hallam says “the earliest records cannot trace them beyond -A.D. 1100, and they became extinct at the end of the next century. -While they flourished they numbered many hundreds of versifiers in -the language of Provence, though not always natives of France.” It -would be interesting, if space allowed, to quote from some of the -many histories. I had intended to do so, but the growing material -forbade the idea of using it here, and so I must refer would-be -inquirers to some of the more easily accessible works. Foremost is Dr. -Francis Hueffer’s “The Troubadours,” published in 1878; it gives a -scholarly and full account of the most salient members of the school -and their works. “The Troubadours: their Loves and Lives,” by Mr. -John Rutherford, is also interesting; while a work by M. Theodore de -Banville, the “Petit Traité de Poésie Française,” affords an exhaustive -analysis of the rules of their verse and its modern imitations. - -Their verse was distinguished by its being subject to very strict and -subtle laws, often involved and carried to an artificial complexity, -perilously near the triumph of sound over sense; yet it has a charm -peculiarly its own. The forms of this school being still exotic, and -not (except the sonnet) incorporated into English literature, gives -them a special fitness when employed for fanciful trifles on subjects -of an older time. - -The qualities termed “conceits” by the old English writers, are -admirably expressed through the medium of these old shapes; a certain -amount of extravagance of compliment and affectation is not out of -place here. The flavour of the verse smacks of the “Moyen Age,” or -“Powder and Fan” period beloved by artists. In these forms the shape -of the verse itself takes the place somewhat of the costume and -accessories of a painting, and gives local colour to the subject. When -used in this way, as Mr. Austin Dobson has so often shown, they can be -made (like a picture by Abbey) to reproduce the past in a living way, -with its own domestic sentiment, far removed from a mere archæological -or academic study of olden days, which often appeals to the intellect -rather than the feeling, and moves us to criticise the method employed, -instead of falling under the charm of the subject described. - -But they are by no means limited to this class of subject, as Mr. -Swinburne’s Roundels show. Nature and her moods may be sung as fitly in -these, as in the most free forms of poetry. - -Many estimable but badly-informed people think that poetry or verse -(unluckily these terms are synonymous to them) is either a divine -outburst of feeling, expressing itself almost spontaneously in rhyme, -or, sad to say, a mere vehicle to hide the poverty of ideas, and eke -out a repetition of fancies intolerable in prose. The multitude are -slow to realise law in any shape, and in art no less than nature look -upon most results as the effect of what a critic has termed “the -glorious gospel of haphazard.” To these poetry suggests no art in -itself, only a more or less musical jingle of pretty sounds, gay or -plaintive feelings, while the whole is unreal and fantastic. - -But to avoid further preface, let us take a specimen of the -aforementioned forms, choosing a dainty little epigrammatic verse -known as the _Triolet_, to start with. This form, complete always in -eight short lines, is peculiarly a product of the old French school of -verse, and is in itself, to some extent, an epitome of all the rest. -Almost new in English poetry, the first examples dating from a volume -of poems published in 1873 by Mr. Bridges, it has yet won many friends, -although, so far as diligent search by the present writer has been able -to trace them, a selection of the best would fill but a few pages of -this paper. - -Flexible only in the rhythm and length of its lines, which are -generally about six feet (syllabic feet, of course) in length, it is -stern, and forbids tampering in all other respects, allowing but two -rhyme-sounds for the whole of the lines. The lines themselves are -repeated in a certain unalterable order; the first two serve again for -the seventh and eighth, while the fourth is also a repetition of the -first; no syllable even, in the best examples, is changed in these -lines. But on each fresh appearance the words should, if possible, -convey a fresh phase of the idea, the emphasis alone serving to mark -the distinction. On studying the examples given, it will be found that -the crux lies in the treatment of the fifth and sixth lines, while the -way the third is connected with the fourth, and the neatness with which -the final couplet is repeated to form a necessary part of the whole, -and not a mere repeat to fill up the prescribed form, is almost as -difficult. The following example is a very perfect one; it comes in a -sequence of triolets by Mr. Austin Dobson, entitled “Rose Leaves.” The -first version ran:— - - “I intended an ode, - And it turned into triolets. - It began _à la mode_: - I intended an ode; - But Rose crossed the road - With a bunch of fresh violets; - I intended an ode, - And it turned into triolets.” - -This has a literary interest apart from its own merits, as the critics, -on its first introduction, blamed Mr. Dobson severely for attempting -to english the word triolet. “Suppose an audacious person were to -extend the license, and introduce cabriolet as a thirdsman?” said _The -Academy_, on June 23, 1877. In spite of Mr. W. S. Gilbert, in _Princess -Ida_, trying also to rhyme it to violet— - - “Oh, dainty triolet! oh, fragrant violet! oh, - gentle heigho-let! (or little sigh)”— - -the word remains French; and in a later version Mr. Dobson has re-cast -the poem. - - “I intended an ode, - And it turned to a sonnet. - I began _à la mode_. - I intended an ode; - But Rose crossed the road - In her latest new bonnet. - I intended an ode, - And it turned to a sonnet.” - -This may be better rhyme, but the _raison d’être_ is gone; it has not -turned to a sonnet, but is still a triolet. - -To understand the form more clearly, it is best to take one and dissect -it, thereby showing its structure. To avoid mutilating a master’s work, -and possibly misinterpreting it, I will take one in my possession, not -yet published, printing it, not as it would be, but displayed (to use -a technical term), thereby exaggerating the emphasis with which the -writer intended it should be read. - - -“A WAVERER. - - She has a _primrose_ at her breast: - I almost wish I were a Tory. - _I_ like the Radicals the best, - _SHE_ has a primrose at _HER_ breast, - Now is it chance she so is drest? - Or must I tell a story? - She _HAS_ a primrose at her breast: - I almost _wish_ I _WERE_ a Tory.” - -Here we see the whole is a soliloquy in the historic present tense. -The first two lines explain the incident, the third the speaker’s -own comment on it, noting in the fourth how it differs from his own -opinion. In the fifth he meditates on the reason which has affected -him. In the sixth he wavers between insincerity and politeness or truth -and the chance of conveying a sense of unfriendliness; while in the -last he concludes that it is a fact they differ, and, still undecided -in action, wishes the reason had not existed so that he might sincerely -agree with the supposed Primrose lady, and avoid feigning a political -acquiescence of opinion. So trifling an incident will not bear analysis -on its own merits, and is merely dwelt on to explain the structure of -the verse. - -A triolet should be complete in itself. In a very able article in -the _Cornhill Magazine_ (July, 1877) Mr. E. W. Gosse points out the -danger of a fascinating tendency to connect a sequence of triolets. The -constant recurrence of the lines would soon become fatally monotonous. -One or two at the most are bearable. - -A typical pair appeared in a number of _The Century_ (January, 1883). -Thoroughly American, they show well, first the half-bantering, -half-real feeling of the poet, artificial in expression, yet not -altogether untrue, while her answer shows the American girl pure and -simple, the conventional courtesy of the first being happily balanced -by the naïve frankness of the second. - - -“WHAT HE SAID. - - This kiss upon your fan I press— - Ah! Sainte Nitouche, you don’t refuse it? - And may it from its soft recess— - This kiss upon your fan I press— - Be blown to you a shy caress, - By this white down, whene’er you use it, - This kiss upon your fan I press— - Ah! Sainte Nitouche, you don’t refuse it.” - - -“WHAT SHE THOUGHT. - - To kiss a fan! - What a poky poet! - The stupid man, - To kiss a fan, - When he knows that—he—can, - Or ought to know it— - To kiss a _fan_! - What a poky poet!” - - _Harrison Robertson._ - -Yet another American one, by H. C. Bumer, may be quoted to show a -subject not at first sight so suitable to the triolet form. - - “A pitcher of mignonette, - In a tenement’s highest casement; - Queer sort of a flowerpot, yet - That pitcher of mignonette - Is a garden in heaven set, - To the little sick child in the basement, - A pitcher of mignonette, - In the tenement’s highest casement.” - -If space allowed there are other dainty flowerets to be culled from -this bunch of French exotics, which seem to be cultivated more in -America than at home at present. None of our greater poets has, I -think, published a triolet. The influence of this form is seen in Mr. -Swinburne’s oft-quoted poem, “A Match” (If love were what the rose is); -and Longfellow has an evident translation of one, although he has not -followed strictly the peculiar repetition of the lines. - -But many of our younger poets have published triolets. Mr. Austin -Dobson is _facile princeps_ in this form (as indeed in nearly all these -Provençal rhythms), while Mr. John Payne and Mr. Andrew Lang rarely if -ever use it, although rondeaux and ballades are very frequent in their -volumes. Miss Pfeiffer has used it once. Miss A. Mary F. Robinson has -a very charming triolet sequence “Fiametta,” which almost reconciles -one to the connected triolet. But two or three variations from the -strict form, while relieving the monotony of the poem, prove yet more -strongly the truth of the warning given by Mr. Gosse. Miss May Probyn -in her volume a “Ballad of the Road,” has several good specimens, and -here and there among periodical literature sufficient are to be found -to warrant a hope that the dainty little epigrammatic verse may yet -pass into accepted currency, and supply for epigram or pretty trifling -fancies the place the sonnet has acquired for the presentation of -stately images and profound thought. While the very care with which the -accepted form may be filled up appears at first sight to augur great -popularity, probably that very reason has made writers more cautious -in using it, since it can be so quickly abused and made unbearable -doggerel, unless the recurring lines have a reasonable pretext for -their repetition. Finally, a word of advice to those who attempt a -triolet. Choose a slight, fanciful incident; let the rhymes be exact -and easy; and be content with the “suggestion” (which, like a clever -sketch) it gives of some trivial event or idea, avoiding complex -subjects or too deep thoughts, for which the form is not well suited. - -(_To be concluded._) - - - - -VARIETIES. - - -WHAT IS DEATH? - - There is no death! What seems so is transition; - This life of mortal breath - Is but the suburb of the life elysian, - Whose portal we call death. - - —_Longfellow._ - - -AN APPROVING CONSCIENCE.—The most exquisite of human satisfactions -flows from an approving conscience. - - -AIMING AT PERFECTION.—Aim at perfection in everything, though in most -things it is unattainable. However, they who aim at it and persevere -will come much nearer to it than those whose laziness and despondency -make them give it up as unattainable. - - -CULTIVATING THE MIND.—The mind is but a barren soil—a soil which is -soon exhausted and will produce no crop, or only one, unless it be -continually fertilised and enriched with foreign matter. - - -PLAIN PROOFS.—Ungraceful attitudes and actions and a certain -left-handedness (if I may use that word) loudly proclaim low education -and low company.—_Chesterfield._ - - -TOO AMIABLE.—There are many women who would be very amiable if they -could only lose sight for a little of the fact that they are so. - - -THE IMPORTANCE OF FOOD.—The question of food lies at the foundation -of all other questions. There is no mind, no work, no health, without -food; and just as we are fed defectively and improperly, so are our -frames developed in a way unfitted to secure that greatest of earthly -blessings—a sound mind in a sound body.—_Dr. Lankester._ - - -KEEPING SECRETS.—A man is more faithful in keeping the secrets of -others than his own; a woman, on the contrary, keeps her own secrets -better than those of others.—_La Bruyere._ - - -NOT A BAD MATCH. - -An attorney brought in an immense bill to a lady for some business he -had done for her. The lady, to whom he had once paid his addresses, -murmured at the charges. - -“Madam,” replied the limb of the law, “I wanted to convince you that my -profession is lucrative, and that I should not have been a bad match.” - - -WAYS OF THE WISE.—Philosophic-minded people hanker not after what is -unattainable, are not inclined to grieve after what is lost, nor are -they perplexed even in calamities. - - - - -[Illustration: HEALTH IN THE KITCHEN-GARDEN. - -BY MEDICUS.] - - -Of the thousand and one ills—the word “one” signifying “all the -rest”—that afflict humanity, young and old, by far the larger -proportion are what may be called chronic troubles. And I do not -refer to any particular or decided form of illness, but when I say -“chronic,” I mean the term to relate to people who are seldom overwell, -who are easily tired, subject to fits of low spirits, have but small -inclination for the exercise which they know they need, who have at -times no pleasure in other folks’ society, and none in their own, whose -stomachs are easily put out of order, who do not always sleep as well -as they would wish to, whose systems are dry and irregular generally, -who suffer at times from headache, at times from backache, and at times -from aches all over. - -What a tremendously long sentence I have just written! It almost -frightens me to look back at it. Well, this class of complainers—for -if they do not complain to others they do so to themselves quietly, -and have fancies that all the world is heartless and cold, and a dozen -other things that “it didn’t houghter to be,” as the old charwoman -said—this class, I say, are nearly always work-a-day girls; I do not -refer altogether to manual labour, but to businesses that necessitate -a good deal of mental thought and calculation. But many belong also to -this class, who have nothing at all to do, and whose minds might be -said to be preying on their constitutions. - -Well, at all events, there they are, these chronically poorly people. -They will not admit that there is anything very much the matter with -them, but at the same time no class of sufferers have a sharper eye for -the advertisement of some infallible nostrum, that is going to banish -sickness from this world entirely, or a sharper ear to listen to any -suggested remedy, no matter who it is that recommends it. It may be an -old wife’s cure. That does not signify; they simply console themselves -with the belief that old wives often know a deal more than doctors, and -swallow the compound. - -Now let me tell this class of invalids: I. That medicines are probably -not wanted at all in such complaints as theirs. II. That medicine of -any kind often does more harm than good. III. That it is folly to think -or believe that a complaint which has lasted perhaps months, can be -charmed away in a day or two by the best doctor in life. For the time -a cure takes must bear some proportion to the time the complaint has -lasted. I wish you to pin your faith on those facts, and bear them in -mind. - -If it be true that in nearly all cases of the chronic debility I refer -to—and I sincerely believe it is true—the blood-making process is -primarily at fault, then, before we can remove the symptoms, it is -evident we must attend to the cause. And to do so we must go to the -fountain-head from which all the evil flows, and this will be found to -be the stomach. In other words, these chronic complaints—with all their -aches and rheums and pains, bad sleep, lowness of spirits, fluttering -at the heart, palpitations, and what are termed “indescribable -feelings”—may be due to a kind of dyspepsia. The system is wholly too -sluggish; the liver is inactive, and consequently the heart itself is -weak, and being unable to supply the brain and nervous system generally -with good, honest, life-giving blood, all kinds of symptoms may occur. -These are often called imaginary, but they are real enough, for all -that. - -I have said that the taking of medicine may do actual harm. Have we -any substitute? Yes; and we find it in the use of vegetables and fruit, -both of which are very much neglected. - -These supply the blood with certain salts of a cooling nature, and -without which the principal internal vital organs are unable to secrete -material to keep the system regular. - -Very often these organs act with great irregularity, or by fits and -starts, so that we may have a patient complaining of two different -states of system in the same week. - -Now, it is possible that the reader of these lines is not to be ranked -among the rich, who keep one, two, three, or more gardeners, but that -still she lives in the country, and is in possession of a patch of -kitchen-garden. If so, I seriously advise that it should be turned to -the very best account. I do not wish this to be thought a gardening -article, but, nevertheless, I ought, for health’s sake, to throw out a -hint or two about the vegetables that ought to be grown for health’s -sake, and I will leave it for others to say how this green food is to -be cooked. - -Ladies are fond of doing a bit of flower-gardening, but, as a rule, -they abjure the cultivation of vegetables, or they know nothing really -about it. It is a pity this should be so, for the kitchen-garden, if -not a large one, certainly does not entail a deal of hard work, and the -work is of a sort most conducive to health. - -I shall suppose that you have secured the services of some “male -creature,” in, say, the month of February or March, to do the first or -rough work—the turning over of the ground with the spade—and that he -has secured sufficient richness of the soil, and done his work well, -and left it level, and that you yourself are to sow the seeds. - -Under your own superintendence, then, the beds are mapped out, the -width of each being exactly the same (say six feet), and their length -equal to the breadth of the plot of ground to be under cultivation. -Between each bed there is formed a hollow division or path about a foot -wide, and the beds are not to encroach upon the borders round, which -are sacred to gooseberry bushes, rose-trees, flowers, and currants, -black and red. - -Choose a fine, sunny day to sow your seeds. First rake your beds most -levelly and carefully, not leaving a ball of earth even an inch in -diameter. When well raked they should be as level as a dining-room -table, not all in little heaps, as if the Cochins had been scraping -them. - -Make the drills—by aid of a garden line and foot rule—with the back of -the rake, and not more than an inch and a half deep, each drill to be -nine inches apart; put peas in two rows, only six inches apart, and a -foot and a half between each double row. This foot and a half may seem -a waste of ground, but it need not be so, as in the centres you can put -a drill of summer spinach. - -Having sown your seeds, rake the ground gingerly and tenderly, filling -up the little drills, and making each bed a thing of beauty. About two -weeks or less after this, it really will be a thing of beauty, for I -know of few prettier sights in a garden on a lovely spring day than -rows of green seedlings that have just burst through the earth. You -can watch them grow day by day, and listen to the birds singing at the -same time. If the weather is propitious they will soon want thinning, -and for a week or two your work will be cut out for you. Do not say you -can ill spare the time. It will be time saved and health gained. Rise -in the morning and work an hour before breakfast, and do a little more -in the evening. In thinning the plants, leave in the best and biggest, -and let there be six to nine inches between each. Pluck all the weeds -out at the same time, and put weedings and thinnings all in a small -basket; I say small basket, because there is no room for a big one -between the beds, and no mark must be left of foot or anything else on -the bed itself. - -I can assure readers that work like this may be done by the most -dainty fingers, and that it will restore the bloom to lips and cheeks, -however pale these were before. You may wear what you like and look -as charming as you please when gardening; thus, so long as you do the -work honestly, you may wear the most dainty hats and gloves, and have a -mahogany handle to your hoe if so minded, though, between you and me, -six-button kid gloves are not the best suited for weeding onions in. - -The great advantage in growing one’s own vegetables is that one can -always have them fresh. Lettuces cool, green, and tender; potatoes -laughing from the mould, and peas with the drops of morning dew still -lingering inside their pods. - -That is all I mean to say about gardening; if you wish to learn more, -buy a book, and study it, only I can promise you health if you adopt -gardening as an exercise and a hobby. - -But you must partake of the fruits of your labour; and this leads me to -say a few words about the benefits to the health of a partly vegetable -diet. Remember, I am not a vegetarian, but I can tell you as a fact -that you could live far longer on vegetables alone than you could upon -meat alone. - -Potatoes come first. No dinner—or to my thinking, no luncheon either—is -complete without them. - -Some interesting papers in the early part of this volume gave hints -as to the cooking of potatoes. Let me add another. To the delicate no -vegetable is more difficult of complete digestion if not boiled to -a nicety, but they ought to be mashed as well, and I do not think I -ever saw them properly mashed at an English table. They ought to be as -smooth and white as custard, though not so thin, otherwise little lumps -remain, which, even if no bigger than a pea, are most indigestible, and -never fail to create unpleasantness afterwards. - -Done as the French do them, namely, fried in oil, they are also -indigestible. - -Potatoes are not only most nutritious, but are calmative to the nerves, -and to some extent, narcotic, especially new potatoes. - -A potato salad—lettuces included—is a most valuable adjunct to a supper -dish. - -We have to learn from the Scotch how to serve potatoes, and we must -also cross the Border to find out the most delicious and digestible -form in which to serve ordinary green vegetables. These include -cabbages, curly greens, sprouting broccoli, savoys, turnip-tops, -spinach, and kale of all kinds; and all these should be mashed for the -delicate, the strongest portions of midribs being taken out, and a -little butter and salt well mixed with them in the mashing. They should -be served hot, and eaten off a hot plate with a little bread, as a -dish, before any meat has been partaken of. - -In this way we not only get their full flavour, but the greatest -benefit to the blood from their use. - -Next in point of value to the delicate come cauliflowers and Brussels -sprouts. These need not be mashed, but ought to be used as a dish, with -a little bread and butter. The same may be said of seakale. - -No one should omit having half-a-dozen times at least during the early -spring months a dish of nicely-cooked nettle-tops. - -Nettle-tops should be very young and tender. Only those of a -light spring-green colour are to be culled. They possess the same -properties—of a blood-purifying order—that asparagus does. - -Watercresses may usually be had all the year round, and are far more -valuable than most people would imagine; but I desire to warn my -readers against eating them unless very well washed indeed, as the eggs -of certain parasites sometimes cling to their leaves. - -Parsley is not over-digestible, but if it agrees it will do the blood -good, and help to cool and sweeten the system. - -Beetroot is invaluable to all who suffer from indigestion, with a dry -condition of the body. - -As to roots, besides the potato, which ought to go with everything, we -have turnips, parsnips, and carrots. On these we can ring the changes. -But the same rule as to serving applies to them as to ordinary green -vegetables. Let them be carefully boiled, then well mashed, butter and -salt being mixed. - -There are many other vegetables that I have not space here to say a -word about; but as, with the Editor’s kind permission, I may have an -autumn or late summer paper on garden herbs and their dietary and -medicinal values, I can then mention those I have here omitted. - -I have not said what I wanted to about fruit either; but the delicate -should not let a day pass without using it in some form. Especially is -it of great value before breakfast. - -As to onions and all vegetables of that sort, while I admit their great -value and efficacy in chronic complaints, I must bid you beware. Use -them only if they can be easily digested and leave no dryness in the -throat or taste in the mouth next day. - -Now from this paper I hope many will adopt valuable hints. If they -do, they will be rewarded with obtaining purer blood in their veins, -stronger nerves, and a happier frame of body and mind altogether. - - - - -MERLE’S CRUSADE. - -BY ROSA NOUCHETTE CAREY, Author of “Aunt Diana,” “For Lilias,” etc. - - -CHAPTER XX. - -ROLF’S PENITENCE. - -From a child, that story of Casabianca had fascinated me, and I could -see it fascinated Rolf. - -“How I do like that fellow Cassy——what do you call him?” he exclaimed, -enthusiastically, when I had finished. “I call that plucky, and no -mistake, to stick to the burning ship. What a brave man he would have -made if he had lived!” - -“Yes, indeed; but he lived long enough to do a man’s work in the -world—faithful until death. ‘Faithful in little, faithful in much,’ -Rolf. Casabianca would never have disobeyed his mother, or thought he -knew best, would he?” - -“No, Fenny,” in a contrite voice, and sidling up to me again. - -“I am afraid you can never be a soldier, dear!” - -“What do you mean?”—sitting up erect in bed, with his beautiful eyes -quite glaring at me in the twilight. “I mean to be a soldier, I tell -you, and use father’s sword! I shall be Colonel Markham, too, one of -these days, unless I am killed in battle.” - -“You cannot be a soldier unless you learn to obey, Rolf; you cannot -rule your men until you have submitted to rule yourself. Officers are -gentlemen, and gentlemen are never cowards; and I call it cowardly, -Rolf—quite a mean trick—to creep into the nursery in my absence. Honour -should have kept you from crossing the threshold.” - -Now Rolf could not endure to be called a coward, so he lost his temper, -and, I am sorry to say, called me a nasty, spiteful old cat, “which -you are Fenny, you know you are, and a great deal worse!” And the next -moment he had thrown a rough pair of arms round my neck, his penitence -inflicting on me excruciating pain. - -“There, there, never mind”—hugging me—“I don’t mean it. You are a dear -old thing, Fenny, and I mean to marry you when I grow up. You are such -a plain young woman, as mother says, that no one else would ask you, so -I will.” - -“Do you think I could marry a coward, Rolf?” - -“There you go again”—in a vexed voice—“but I shall never be a coward -any more; I mean to be a brave boy, like Cassy—what do you call him? I -mean to mind mother, and not forget; and I will throw my cannon into -the sea to-morrow, though I am so fond of it, and Mr. Rossiter (Walter -I call him, but he does not mind) gave it to me. It cost a lot—indeed, -it did, Fenny—but, all the same, it shall be drownded dead.” - -“If thine eye offend thee, pluck it out.” I think there was something -very real in that childish sacrifice. It was his treasured plaything, -but it had tempted him to disobedience; he would fling it away with -both hands. How few of us repent in that way! _Mea culpa_, we say, but -we hug our darling sin close to us; it is not, like Rolf’s cannon, -“drownded dead.” Brave, poor little faulty Rolf, I begin to have better -hopes of you! - -So I kissed and comforted Rolf, and he clung to me quite -affectionately. I asked him if he had said his prayers, and he said no, -he had been too unhappy, because no one would forgive him; so we said -them together, and afterwards we had a little more talk. I was just -going to leave him when a light crossed the threshold, and there stood -Mrs. Markham, with a lamp in her hand. She looked very ill and unhappy, -and I am sure she had been shedding tears. - -Rolf sprang up in bed. “Oh, mother, do forgive me!” he cried. “I am -sure I have been miserable long enough. Fenny has been telling me about -Cassy—you know the fellow; and I mean to be like him. I will drown my -dear little cannon, and I will never, never, never disobey you again!” - -I think Mrs. Markham was longing in her heart to forgive him. She had -suffered as much as the child. She said nothing, but sat down on the -bed and held out her arms, and Rolf nestled into them. She kissed him -almost passionately, but a tear rolled down her face. - -“I think you will break my heart one day, Rolf, as your——” She checked -herself, and did not finish her sentence. Did she mean Rolf’s father? -Colonel Markham had been a brave officer, I knew, and had died in -battle; but he had not made his wife happy. - -“Oh no, mother,” returned Rolf, “I am going to be a brave man, like -father, and fight for everybody. I mean to take care of you when you -are an old, old woman. Won’t that be nice? You won’t mind my marrying -Fenny when I am quite grown up, will you, mother? Because she is such -an old dear—not really old, you know, but so nice.” - -Mrs. Markham smiled faintly at the boy’s nonsense, but she looked at me -very pleasantly. - -“Thank you for talking to Rolf, Miss Fenton, and helping him to be -good. He is sorry, I think, and I hope this painful lesson will teach -him to be less mischievous. But now you look very unfit to be up. -You have done us all good service to-day, and we are all extremely -grateful. Let me help you back to your room.” - -I was very much astonished at this civility, but I declined her -assistance and wished Rolf good-night. I was still more surprised when -she held out her hand. - -“You must be careful of yourself, Miss Fenton, for my sister’s sake,” -she said, so kindly that I could hardly believe it was Mrs. Markham’s -voice. - -I marvelled at her manner greatly as I retraced my steps to the night -nursery. She was really grateful to me, I could see that. Probably she -realised that my prompt action had saved her and her boy a lifetime -of regret. To extinguish life accidentally must be a bitter and sore -retrospect to any human mind. Rolf’s boyhood would have been shadowed -if his little cousin’s death had laid at his door. - -I tried to cheer myself with these thoughts as I laid awake through -the greater part of that long summer’s night. I could only sleep by -snatches, and my dreams were full of pain. I imagined myself a martyr -at Smithfield, and that the faggots were lighted about my feet. I -could see the flames curling up round me, and feel their scorching -breath on my face. Excruciating pain seemed to tingle in my veins; -I cried out and woke Joyce, and then the misery of my burns kept me -restless. I was quite ill the next day, and could not stir from my bed; -but Mrs. Markham and Rolf came to see me more than once, and Reggie -played on my bed, and was so dear and good, and Joyce kept creeping up -to me to know what she could do for nurse, and every two or three hours -Gay’s bright face seemed to bring sunshine into the room. - -She had always some pleasant thing to tell me: a kind inquiry from Mr. -Hawtry, and some flowers and fruit that Mrs. Cornish had arranged; -a book from the vicar’s wife, who had been very shocked to hear of -the accident, and thought I wanted amusement; a message from Squire -Cheriton, with a basket of fine yellow plums that he had picked -himself; and, later in the evening, a tin of cream and some new-laid -eggs from Wheeler’s Farm, that Molly had brought herself. - -I begged to see Molly, and she came up at once, looking very -respectable in her Sunday gown and straw bonnet crossed with yellow -ribbons. She shook hands heartily until I winced with pain, and then -begged my pardon for her carelessness. - -“Thank you so much for your delicious presents, Molly,” I said, -gratefully. - -“Oh, please don’t mention it, Miss Fenton; it is pleasure to me and -father to send it, and father’s duty; and there is a chicken fattening -that will be all ready for eating on Thursday; and there is a pot or -two of cherry jam that I shall take the liberty to send with it. It is -just for the children and yourself, as I shall tell Mrs. Murdle.” - -“Everyone is far too good to me,” I stammered, and the tears came into -my eyes, for the old Squire and Gay had been so kind, and there was all -those beautiful flowers and fruit from the Red Farm, and now this good -creature was overwhelming me with homely delicacies. Molly patted me -with her rough hand as though I had been a child, and then kissed me in -her hearty way. - -“There, there, poor dear, who could help being good to you, seeing you -lie there as helpless as a baby, with your poor arms all done up in -cotton wool, and the pain hard to bear? Never mind, the Lord will help -you to bear it, and He knows what pain means.” And with this homely -consolation Molly left me and went in search of Hannah. - -When Gay came to me to see I was all comfortable for the night, I asked -her rather anxiously if she expected to hear from Mrs. Morton in the -morning. - -She looked as though she were sorry I had asked the question. “Well, -no—the fact is, I wrote the letter, Merle, but father forgot to -post it, and it has not gone yet. I am very sorry,” as I uttered an -exclamation of annoyance, “but it cannot be helped, and it was all -father’s fault; he is so careless with letters; but now Adelaide has -written to say how well Reggie seems to-day, and both of them shall go -by the same post to-morrow morning. Benson shall take them.” - -It was no use saying any more. Gay was sorry enough, and it was not -her fault, so I only asked her to add a word or two to explain the -delay, and this she promised to do. She wanted to write to Aunt -Agatha as well, but I would not hear of this. Aunt Agatha was very -tender-hearted, and could not bear to hear of any suffering that she -could not remedy, and I could see no benefit in harrowing her feelings. -I would tell her myself one day. - -Dr. Staples had given me a sedative, so I slept more that night, but it -was three days before I could leave my bed, and all that time we heard -nothing of my mistress. On the fourth day I put on a dressing-gown Gay -lent me, with loose hanging sleeves, for my arms were still swathed -like mummies, but the pain had lessened; and though I was weak enough -only to lean back in an easy chair and watch the children at their -play, I liked to be with them, and it was pleasant to sit by the -nursery window and look out on the terrace and sundial and the sunny -orchard with the old white pony grazing as usual. - -Gay had come up that morning with rather a troubled face. They had had -a letter from Alick, she said, but he had not received either hers or -Adelaide’s. Violet had seemed so ill that he had taken her home to -Prince’s Gate that Dr. Myrtle might see her. They had left Abergeldie -before their letters had arrived, and he could not possibly receive -them until the next morning, but of course they would be forwarded at -once. - -I was much distressed to hear that the letters had miscarried, -and still more that my mistress was ill. It was dreary taking her -back to that great empty house; but then Dr. Myrtle understood her -constitution, and would do her more good than a stranger. I begged Gay -to tell me what was the matter, but she did not seem to know. It was a -collapse, Alick had said, a sudden serious failure of strength; he had -written very hurriedly, and seemed worried and anxious. - -“I wish I need not have told you all this, Merle,” she finished. “It -has made you paler than you were before. Violet has never been strong -since Joyce was born, but I do not see that there is any need for -special anxiety.” But though Gay insisted on taking a cheerful view -of things, I could not bring my spirits to her level. I felt nervous -and unaccountably depressed. I had not sufficiently recovered from the -effects of the accident to bear the least suspense with equanimity. In -spite of my efforts to be quiet and self-controlled, I grew restless -and irritable; the least noise jarred on me; it was a relief when -Hannah took the children out and I had the nursery to myself. My -nervous fancies haunted my dreams that night, and I woke so unrefreshed -that Gay scolded me for not getting better more quickly, and pretended -to laugh at my dismal face when I heard there was no letter from Mr. -Morton. - -“It is nonsense your fretting about those letters, Merle,” she said, in -her brisk way. “Alick has them by this time, and we shall hear from him -before evening. Do, pray, pull yourself together, and I will ask Dr. -Staples if a drive will not do you good; your indoor life does not suit -you.” - -I did not contradict her, but I knew there would be no drive for me -that day; perfect quiet and rest were all I wanted, and I knew Dr. -Staples would be of my opinion. The afternoon was showery, so the -children played about the nursery. I did not admit Rolf, for his -noisy ways would have been too much for me, but he was very good, and -promised to stay with Judson if he might come to me a little in the -evening. - -I had gone into the night nursery to lie down for an hour when I heard -footsteps coming down the passage. The next moment I heard Mr. Morton’s -voice speaking to Gay. - -“You can go in and see the children, Alick,” she said, “and I will -join you directly, when Adelaide has finished with me;” and then Joyce -called out “Fardie,” and I could hear Reggie stumping across the floor. - -I waited a few minutes before I made my appearance. Much as I longed to -see Mr. Morton, I thought he would rather meet his children alone. I -almost felt as though I intruded when I opened the door. Hannah was not -there, and he was sitting in my rocking-chair with Reggie in his arms, -and his head was bowed down on the little fellow’s shoulder. He started -up when he heard me, but I never saw him look so pale and agitated. I -knew then that he was a man of strong feelings, that his children were -more to him than I had dreamed. - -“Miss Fenton,” he began, and then he bit his lips and turned away to -the window. I saw he could hardly speak, and there was Reggie patting -his face and calling “Fada, fada,” to make him smile. - -“Reggie is quite well,” I said, feeling the silence awkward. - -“Yes, yes,” quite abruptly, “I see he is; thank God for that mercy; -but, Miss Fenton, you have suffered in his stead. You are looking ill, -unlike yourself. What am I to say to you? How am I to thank you?” - -“Please do not say anything to me,” I returned, on the verge of crying. -“Dear little Reggie is all right, and I am only too thankful. Tell me -about my mistress, Mr. Morton; we are all so anxious about her.” - -I thought he looked a little strangely at me. He held out his hand -without speaking. That hearty grasp spoke volumes. Then he cleared his -throat and said, quickly, “She does not know; I have not told her; she -is very weak and ill. Dr. Myrtle says we must take great care of her; -she has been over-exerting herself.” - -To my dismay and his I burst into tears, but I was not quite myself, -liable to be upset by a word. - -“Oh, she is always over-exerting herself; she does more every day than -her strength will allow,” I cried, almost hysterically. “It makes -one’s heart ache to see her so worn out and yet so patient. Oh, Mr. -Morton, do let me come home and nurse her; she is never happy without -the children; it will do her good to see them; she frets after them -too, and it makes her ill. Do let me come home; there is nothing I -would not do for her.” - -I heard him beg me to be calm. I was ill myself, I heard him say, and -no wonder, and he looked pityingly at my bandages. - -“I only wish you could come back to us, Miss Fenton,” he went on, so -kindly that I was ashamed of giving way so. “The home feels very empty, -and I think it would do my dear wife good to have the children’s feet -pattering overhead. She is too weak to have them with her just now, but -it would be pleasant to know they were near.” - -I pleaded again that we might come home, and he smiled indulgently. - -“You must get well first,” he said, gently, “and then I will come and -fetch you all back myself. Just now you require nursing, and are better -where you are; and it is still hot in London, and the sea breezes will -benefit the children a little longer. Come, you will be sensible about -this, Miss Fenton.” - -And then, as Gay joined us, he turned to her and reiterated his opinion -that I must stay at Marshlands until I was well. - -Of course, Gay agreed with him; but I thought she was a little graver -than usual. I knew Mr. Morton was right. I was no use to anyone just -now; but, all the same, it made me feel very unhappy to see him go away -and leave us behind. He could not stay any longer, he said, for fear -of arousing his wife’s suspicions. He should just tell her he had run -down to have a peep at the children; that would please her, he knew. He -bade me good-bye very kindly, and told me to keep up my courage, and -not lose heart. I could see he was not vexed with me for giving way. No -doubt he attributed it all to weakness. - -I sat down and had a good cry when he had left us, and there was no -denying that I was homesick that night, and wanted Aunt Agatha. I felt -a poor creature in my own estimation. Perhaps I was impatient; Dr. -Staples told me I was, and his eyes twinkled as he said it; but it -seemed to me I recovered very slowly. The burns were healing nicely; in -a few more days I could put on my dress and enjoy the country drives; -but I did not resume my usual duties for some time. - -I could not dress and undress the children; walking tired me, and my -spirits were sadly variable. The news from Prince’s Gate did not cheer -me: my mistress continued in the same unsatisfactory state. Mr. Morton -wrote every day, and both Mrs. Markham and Gay had gone up to town for -a few hours. I heard more from Mrs. Markham than from Gay. She thought -her sister looking very ill, and considered there was grave cause for -anxiety. She had an excellent nurse, and her husband was most devoted -in his attentions; she had never seen anyone to equal him. Here Mrs. -Markham sighed; but her sister looked dull and depressed, and she -thought she missed the children. - -The bright September days passed away very slowly. I was growing weary -of my banishment; and yet Marshlands and Netherton had become very dear -to me, and I had grown to love the quaint old nursery. I was thankful -when my strength permitted me to resume our mornings on the beach and -our afternoons in the orchard. I felt less restless out of doors, and -I liked to have Rolf with me. I saw very little of Gay; just then she -was busy with parish work. I heard from her casually one day that Mr. -Hawtry had gone to Italy. I suppose I looked astonished, for she said, -quickly— - -“He called the other afternoon and asked to see the children, but -Adelaide had taken you all for a drive. I thought he seemed a little -sorry not to say good-bye to them, as he expected to be away some time. -He hoped you were better, Merle, and desired his kind regards.” - -“And he has gone to Italy?” - -“Yes; a young cousin of his is lying dangerously ill at Venice, and so -this Don Quixote has started off to see after him. It is just like him, -he is always doing things for other people.” And with this speech she -left me. - -I was sorry not to say good-bye to Mr. Hawtry; he had been very kind to -us, and it seemed such a pity that we had missed him that afternoon. -I often thought about our visit to the Red Farm, and how pleasant and -hospitable he had been. It seemed rather tantalising just to make -friends (and he had always been so friendly to me) and then not to see -them again, but perhaps next summer we should come down to Marshlands -again. - -(_To be continued._) - - - - -THE SHEPHERD’S FAIRY - -A PASTORALE. - -BY DARLEY DALE, Author of “Fair Katherine,” etc. - - -CHAPTER XX. - -THE LEWES CARNIVAL. - -Mrs. Shelley was quite right in saying Fairy’s sorrows were -short-lived. For one whole day she had been very miserable, the day -after Rex had asked her, and she had promised, to be his wife, when Mr. -Leslie had called and told her she was not to see Rex any more till the -carnival. Coming so soon after her great happiness, Fairy could not -bear this sudden reverse with equanimity, and so, as Reginald had told -the baroness, she had cried all day, until John had meekly yielded and -allowed another interview. - -After this Fairy was quite satisfied; Rex loved her, and that was in -itself happiness. That he would be true to her she no more doubted -than she doubted the sun would rise the next day, and so, though of -course she would have preferred him to remain at Oafham and spend his -afternoons with her, she acquiesced cheerfully in Mr. Leslie’s plan, -and was as bright and happy during the months of October and November -as it was possible for even such a little sunbeam to be. - -When November dawned, and it was arranged that Fairy should go to the -Leslies on the 3rd for a week or two, her excitement was so great that -Mrs. Shelley told her if she did not take care she would be ill and -unable to go, at which she only laughed, and said there was no fear of -her being ill, and as for eating, she was much too happy to be hungry. -One little thing was rather troubling Fairy; she was half afraid her -dress was not quite all it ought to be for such a grand gentleman as -Rex’s father, whose acquaintance she was to make on the 5th. If it -had only been summer-time it would not have mattered, for nothing -could be prettier than one of her simple white frocks; they would do -for anyone or anything; but she could not wear a thin white dress in -November. Her best winter dress was a red merino, new for the occasion, -and as she dressed herself in it when it came home, she could not help -acknowledging inwardly, as she glanced at her dainty little self in the -glass, her delicate complexion set off to the best advantage by the -dark red merino, if she only had some lace to put round the throat, her -toilet would compare favourably with the blue silks of the Leslie girls. - -[Illustration: THE LEWES CARNIVAL.] - -Perhaps there was some lace among the things she had on when John -Shelley found her; she believed there was, so, unlocking the drawer in -which she had always kept these relics, she pulled them out and glanced -at them. There on the top lay the blue satin quilt, the large piece -missing which she had cut out years ago to make a shaving-case for -Jack. Poor Jack! Where was he now? What would he say to her engagement? -Would he be pleased at it? Somehow Fairy feared he would not. But there -was enough of the quilt left to make a shaving-case for Rex; it would -be just the thing for him, and nice work to do at the Leslies’, so the -remains of the quilt were packed up to go with her. Then came the red -Indian shawl, in which the baron had wrapped his little daughter. How -handsome it was! Why, not one of the Leslie girls had such a handsome -shawl as this, all embroidered with gold. She would certainly take this -with her; it would do beautifully to wrap round her in the balcony from -which they were to watch the carnival. Rex would like this shawl, she -was sure, so that, too, was packed up. All the other little garments, -yellow with being laid up so long, were now looked through to see if -there was any lace that would do, but no, it was all too narrow, and -Fairy was about to shut the drawer when she caught hold of the lace -handkerchief which had been tucked into her dress under her chin as -a feeder when she was found. She looked at it with a critical eye. -How fine it was, and what lovely lace, and how pretty that crest and -coronet worked in the corner were! This handkerchief was the very -thing; she would fold it so that the corner with the crest showed, and -wear it round her throat instead of a lace tucker. - -So the handkerchief was packed up with the other things, and on Monday -afternoon Fairy went to the Leslies to stay. The carnival was not till -Wednesday evening, but she hoped to see Rex on Tuesday, as she knew he -was expected to reach Oafham before then. Nor was she disappointed, for -on Tuesday morning Rex arrived to lunch, and spent a long afternoon. - -Fairy found he was most anxious she should make a conquest of his -father, and seemed to think their future happiness depended in a great -measure upon the effect she produced upon Mr. de Courcy, so that Rex -was looking forward to the carnival with somewhat mixed feelings, and, -to the disappointment of the Leslies, could not be persuaded to appear -in fancy dress, which they assured him was the correct thing for young -men in all ranks of life on this unique occasion. But Rex refused, -declaring he only intended to be a spectator, and his time would be -fully occupied in taking care of Fairy, which no one for one moment -doubted. Since masks were considered indispensable, he agreed to wear a -wire mask to protect his face from the squibs and crackers, which are -recklessly flung in all directions, often doing serious injury to some -of the passers-by, but this was the utmost he would concede, and Fairy -seconded him, declaring that though she liked him very much as he was, -she was by no means sure how she would like him if he were dressed up -like another person. - -The Leslies had hired a window in the High-street, and here Mr. -de Courcy and Rex were to meet them at seven o’clock to watch the -revelry, and then they were all to return to the rectory to supper. -Fairy, who had of course often seen the carnival before, was full of -childish delight at the prospect, and kept assuring Rex it was the most -wonderful sight he had ever seen; there was nothing like it in England; -she was sure he would be enchanted; the only drawback was there were -sure to be one or two riots, as some turbulent spirits always insulted -the Roman Catholics before the evening was over. - -“Well, I hope they won’t insult my father; he is a Roman Catholic,” -said Rex. - -“Your father a Roman Catholic, Rex! Are you one, too?” asked Fairy, -turning a little pale. - -“No, I am a Protestant, so is my mother, but I don’t think it right -to make game of other people’s religion, and insult them because it -differs from ours, do you?” - -“You are like John. He says it is very wicked, and that the carnival -does more harm than good. He only goes to try and help to keep order, -but I like it, it is such a pretty sight,” replied Fairy, eagerly. - -In Lewes the preparations began early in the afternoon, when the shops -were closed, and all the lower windows in the High-street, through -which the procession was to pass, were boarded up—a very necessary -precaution, for the reckless flinging of lighted torches, squibs, and -crackers would otherwise have broken the windows, and perhaps set fire -to the houses. - -In the Market-place arrangements were made for the making of an -enormous bonfire, in which the effigies of Guy Faux, the Pope, and any -public person, whether of local or of wider fame, who happened just -then to be in bad odour with the Lewes people, were to be burnt at -midnight—the closing scene in the drama. - -A little after seven o’clock the Leslies’ carriage drove up to the -house in which they had hired the drawing-room balcony to view the -proceedings. At present all that was to be seen were young men and boys -with lighted torches in their hands, and most of them in fancy dress, -rushing wildly about the streets, shouting and singing and throwing -squibs and crackers in all directions. - -Mr. Leslie hurried his party into the house as quickly as possible, and -then sent the carriage home, for later on all traffic would be stopped, -and the girls had come prepared to walk back. - -On reaching the drawing-room they found Mr. de Courcy and Rex had just -arrived; a large fire was blazing on the hearth, but there were no -other lights in the room, interior darkness being the rule at the Lewes -carnival, in order that the outside festivities may be all the more -brilliant. - -Mr. Leslie introduced Mr. de Courcy to his wife and daughters, and then -to Fairy, who was looking so bewitchingly pretty with her red Indian -shawl twisted round her head in some wonderful way which exactly suited -her, that it was evident Mr. de Courcy was struck by her beauty, the -flickering light of the fire and the shawl which hid her lovely golden -hair, and partly veiled her slight figure, only piquing his curiosity. -He began to talk to her at once in his broken English, and her charming -manners fascinated him almost as much as they did his son, and when -he found she spoke French fluently, and with the prettiest accent -possible, Fairy’s triumph was complete. Mr. de Courcy, always a great -admirer of girls, was quite captivated, and Rex whispered to Fairy she -had succeeded already. The procession was to leave the Market-place -at eight, and go round the town, but even now it was a weird scene, -the masqueraders passing up and down the streets in their costumes, -some of them excellently got up, others so grotesquely as to be quite -as amusing as the elaborate fancy dresses prepared by costumiers, the -torches carried by them throwing a weird, uncertain light on their -wild, uncertain antics. From time to time a passage of arms occurred -between some passing Cavaliers and Roundheads, but at present all was -harmless fun, everyone being in a good temper at this early stage of -the proceedings. - -Fairy and Rex managed to get a corner of the balcony to themselves, -from which she tried to explain the various costumes, oftener, as Rex -told her, discovering the original people than the characters they -were intended to represent. These two alone were not impatient for the -procession to pass, being so much occupied with themselves as to pay -but little attention to what was going on in the street. Occasionally -a grand excitement was caused by the rolling past of a lighted -tar-barrel, which illuminated the whole street, its attendant youths, -many of whom were dressed like demons, looking in their black masks -and asses’ ears more like fiends than men as they lashed their blazing -barrels with their torches, sending the sparks far and wide. - -“This is the Bournemer barrel, and that is Charlie with an axe, -dressed as an executioner. I made his black mask for him. Look, Rex,” -cried Fairy, as another and the last of the barrels rolled into the -Market-place, to return presently with the procession. - -A few minutes later there passed a riotous group of violent -anti-papists, bearing a banner with “No popery” on it, carried -reluctantly by a scarlet woman, or rather a man dressed in woman’s -clothes of bright red, supposed to represent the Church of Rome. On one -side of her was a man in Geneva gown and bands, on the other another in -a long surplice, hood, and stole, carrying a large book, and these two, -with a great deal of rough horseplay, kept the scarlet woman up to the -mark. This centre group was surrounded by men and boys carrying torches -and screaming, “Down with popery!” at the top of their voices. - -“That group will have a row before they are satisfied,” said Rex, -turning away, and looking in the opposite direction, as the group -passed on to the Market-place. “But look, Fairy, who is this -good-looking man masquerading without a mask as a shepherd? See, he is -looking up here,” said Rex. - -Fairy looked, and saw by the light of the torches cast behind by the -anti-papist group, a tall, handsome man, dressed in a smock-frock and -carrying a crook, a face which, in spite of a beard and moustache, she -knew very well. - -“Why, Rex, it is Jack; it is, it is! I must speak to him. Jack, Jack, -where do you come from? Come up and speak to me directly. Fancy Jack -being here! I must go, Rex, and let him in. Oh, Mr. Leslie, here is -Jack!” and Fairy ran into the drawing-room, the red shawl falling off -her head, and her beautiful hair, which was disarranged by the shawl, -streaming down her shoulders in wild confusion. Her cheeks were flushed -with excitement, her great brown eyes sparkling with delight, as she -went forward with both hands outstretched, to meet Jack at the top of -the stairs. - -Rex was at first quite put out of countenance by this unfortunate -_contretemps_, as he could not help thinking it; it would undo all the -good impression Fairy had made upon his father; for not knowing Jack, -Rex supposed he was like the rest of his family, and trembled for the -consequences if his father now discovered Fairy was the foster-daughter -of a shepherd. How he wished he had not called Fairy’s attention to -the young man, and how pleased they were to see each other again. -There really was no occasion for that very long handshaking. But here -Mr. Leslie, seeing Rex looked very crestfallen, went up to him and -whispered it was all right; Mr. de Courcy would only suppose the truth, -that Jack was masquerading. Moreover, he added, he is an excellent -young fellow—very superior, too, to his family; he might pass very well -in a crowd. - -Rex was somewhat reassured; and when Fairy drew him to Jack, whispering -that this was her _fiancé_, he tried to be as pleased as Fairy could -wish to make his acquaintance, but somehow both young men felt -instinctively they were rivals, and their intercourse was constrained -on both sides. Indeed, Jack was anxious to get away as quickly as -possible, although he had come all the way from America to see Fairy, -and judge for himself if the stories he had heard in his mother’s last -letter were true. It did not require long to see that they were, and -his errand accomplished, he felt his only safety was in flight. That -demon of jealousy which, two years ago, had changed the whole course of -his life, and so nearly caused him to be guilty of a terrible crime, -was again rising in his bosom, as he watched the tender protecting air -which Rex assumed over Fairy. Though he had learnt a severe lesson -in self-control, and had so far profited by it that he was able to -subdue the feeling of envy towards his rival, and to mask from Fairy -the bitter sense of disappointment he felt on seeing her the betrothed -bride of another, he felt the strain he was putting upon himself would -not last long, and so he hastened to find an excuse in order to be -gone, inwardly resolving that when he left the room he would never of -his own free will set eyes on Fairy again. - -She had drawn him out on to the balcony, where he had a few minutes’ -conversation with Mr. Leslie, to whom he confided in an undertone that -he was going to Liverpool the next day with his mother, on a visit to -an uncle, where he would remain until the next mail sailed for America, -where he had now decided to remain for the rest of his life. He had -excellent prospects out there, and was already getting on far better -than he had ever hoped to do in so short a time. Already he had been -made cashier, and he had no doubt in a few years he would be appointed -manager of the bank, as Mr. Leslie’s friend had taken a great fancy to -him. He was now able to carry on his natural history studies, and was -making great progress, and had hopes of one day becoming a naturalist, -for he now had the means of procuring books which were before far out -of his reach, and the new country opened out to him a new field of -research. - -All this he managed to tell Mr. Leslie while the procession was still -preparing to start. He did not tell him what had brought him to -England, but Mr. Leslie knew without being told that Fairy was the -motive power which had induced him to cross the Atlantic, in the vain -hope of persuading her to return with him as his wife. One glance at -Rex and Fairy had told Jack this hope was futile, but still it was -a satisfaction to see for himself; and he would now go back to his -mother, and persuade her to accompany him to Liverpool the next day if -possible. - -He had only arrived at Lewes that morning, and on finding that Fairy -was staying at the Leslies to go to the carnival with them and Mr. de -Courcy, he had settled to go too in the hope of seeing her without -being seen. He had chosen to wear his smock-frock for the first and -only time in his life, partly to please his father, for whom Jack felt -he could not do enough to repay his kindness, when he was under that -black cloud which had cast a shadow over all his life; partly he wore -it because Fairy made it, and partly because he would attract less -attention among the masqueraders, who would imagine he was a shepherd -come from some of the neighbouring sheep farms to see the carnival, -and would not interfere with him; whereas if he had walked about in -plain clothes—and he had no others with him—he would probably have been -mobbed. - -He could not have settled in America until he saw for himself that -there was no chance for him of winning Fairy. Now he saw his fate was -sealed, his boyish dream shattered; there was nothing left for him but -to live it down; and in a distant country, where there was nothing -to remind him of the love of his youth, and where he had plenty to -interest and occupy him, he would in time learn, not to forget her—that -was impossible, she was his first love, and could never be altogether -driven out of his heart; one little secret chamber, never peeped into -even by himself, would always remain sacred to her memory—but he would -learn to live without her; and since the sooner he began this lesson -the better, he looked about for an excuse to say good-bye. - -(_To be continued._) - - - - -EVERY GIRL A BUSINESS WOMAN. - -A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE WORLD OF INDUSTRY AND THRIFT. - -BY JAMES MASON. - - -PART V. - -We quoted a wise rule in our third article to the effect that money -should never be allowed to lie idle. Put to work on its own account -money will make money, and go on growing and growing even whilst the -person owning it is asleep or taking holidays. - -Of course the wisest thing is to employ it in one’s own business, -turning it over and over at a profit, under one’s own management. But -such advice is thrown away on those who have no business. - -What, then, are those who have money but no business to do? They must -entrust it to people who want money for use in some way or other, and -are willing to pay interest for the loan. It may be lent, for example, -to the British nation or to a foreign government, or to some great -railway, or to a bank, or a gas company, or some municipal corporation. -Besides these opportunities for investing money profitably, we have -shares in joint stock companies of all kinds, some of them safe enough, -but not a few of them to be avoided by prudent people. - -There are two things essential to a satisfactory investment: First, -the principal must be quite safe; and, secondly, there must be a -reasonable certainty about the payment of the interest. There is a -third point necessary to complete the happiness of the investor: the -interest must be the highest possible under the circumstances. We say -“under the circumstances,” because in these days really high interest -and first-class security never meet. - -The safest investment for all who are nervous about losing their money -is in the Government Stock—as it is called—of our own country. They -thus become creditors of the British nation, than whom no people can be -imagined more secure. - -What is known as the _funded or permanent debt_ of Great Britain -represents debt which the Government is under no obligation to pay -off at any fixed time. It includes at present loans distinguished as -Consols, Reduced Three per Cents., New Three per Cents., Two and a Half -and Two and Three-quarters per Cents., and some other stocks of less -consequence. “Consols,” we may add, is an affectionate abbreviation -of “Consolidated Three per Cent. Annuities.” This permanent debt at -the present time amounts to nearly six hundred and forty millions; the -unfunded debt and terminable annuities—the latter being sums paid for -a certain number of years and then terminating altogether—amount to -over a hundred millions more. It is melancholy to reflect that almost -the whole of the large sum represented by those different items has -been raised for the prosecution of war, and spent in supplying food for -powder, spreading misery and destruction, and making widows and orphans. - -The possessors of Government Stock—that is to say, the creditors who -hold this debt between them—are changing every day and hour. People -can sell their stock with the greatest readiness, and there are always -plenty of buyers. - -The price which national stock fetches is not always the same. It -improves when the prospects of the country improve, and declines in -times of difficulty and danger. In the year 1800 war and dear corn, not -to speak of other things, made the national bond for £100 sell for only -£61, but since then peace, improved prospects, and no lack of money -seeking investment, have forced the price up. The average market value -of £100 Consols in 1881 was just £100; in 1882 it was £100 10s.; in -1883, £101 3s. 9d.; in 1884, £101; and in 1885 it fell back to £99 2s. -6d. - -There are two ways of purchasing Government Stock—to any amount through -a stockbroker, and to a limited amount through the Post Office. In the -former case you may either write to your banker, who will employ his -broker, or you can give the order to your own broker. The commission -charged by brokers either for buying or selling is very moderate. For -transactions in either British or foreign funds the rate is usually 2s. -6d. for every £100 of stock. - -To get payment of dividends on Government Stock you may either go -yourself to the Bank of England or sign what is called a _power of -attorney_ for your banker or broker or someone you can trust to receive -the dividends for you. “In order to protect you from fraud,” says the -author of a “Guide to the Unprotected,” “the power of attorney should -be made out for _dividends only_. That is to say, it should authorise -the person who is to act on your behalf only to receive dividends and -not to sell the stock.” After a power of attorney has been obtained no -new power for dividends is requisite by reason of your increasing or -lessening the amount of your holding in the same description of stock. -Besides payment personally at the Bank of England, stockholders can -have their dividends transmitted by post at their own risk, and under -certain regulations. - -In selling stock you can manage the transaction, just as you effected -the purchase, either through your banker or your own broker. - -We mentioned that Government Stock to a limited amount could be bought -through the Post Office. When this is done the Post Office relieves you -of all trouble in purchasing and in collecting dividends. The amount -invested must not be less than £10, and not more than £100 of stock can -be credited to an account in any one year ending the 31st of December, -and when you have bought through the Post Office £300 of stock in all -you can invest no more in this way, but must go to a regular broker. - -Suppose you wish through the Post Office to buy £50 worth of “Consols,” -you fill up a form of application to be had at any post office, and -hand over the necessary amount to the postmaster. Of course the latter -part of the performance will be unnecessary if you have the sum already -lying at your credit in the Savings Bank. You then forward the form of -application, together with your deposit book, to the head office. - -In a few days your book will be returned and you will find yourself -debited with the cost of the stock at the market price. Suppose -“Consols” are selling at £102, then your fifty pounds worth will cost -you a half of that, and there will be an entry in your book as a -“withdrawal” of “Investment £50 Consols, £51,” and besides that will be -entered “Commission, 1s. 3d.” - -The book will be accompanied by a “Certificate of investment in -Government Stock,” as follows:— - -“This is to certify that £50 Consolidated £3 per Cent. Bank Annuities -has been placed on the Savings Banks Investment Account of the National -Debt Commissioners, that the same has been credited in the Government -Stock Register of the Post Office Savings Bank to ______ of ______, -and that her deposit account has been charged with the sum of £51 and -1s. 3d., being the price of the said stock at £102 per cent., and -commission respectively.” - -This certificate, which is signed by the Controller, must be forwarded -with the deposit book and application whenever the depositor wishes to -sell the whole or a portion of her stock. When stock is sold the sale -is effected at the _current price_—the price in the open market on -the day of sale—and a warrant is sent to the depositor for the amount -realised, less the commission. - -All dividends on the stock standing in a depositor’s name are credited -to her deposit account when they become due. Dividends on Consols are -due half-yearly, on the 5th of January and the 5th of July; those on -what are known as Reduced and New Three per Cents. on the 5th of April -and the 5th of October. There are other Government Stocks—Two and -Three-quarters and Two and a Half per Cent.—on which the dividends are -paid quarterly. - -The commission charged by the Post Office on investment is as follows:— - - s. d. - - On stock not exceeding £25 0 9 - On stock exceeding £25 and not exceeding £50 1 3 - On stock exceeding £50 and not exceeding £75 1 9 - On stock exceeding £75 and not exceeding £100 2 3 - -Not satisfied with working at these low rates, the Post Office takes -all the trouble of receiving the dividends, and charges nothing for it. - -The commission on the sale of stock up to £100 is the same as for the -purchase. For the sale of stock exceeding £100 and not exceeding £200, -the charge is 2s. 9d.; exceeding £200 and not exceeding £300, 3s. 3d. - -But those who have money to lend have wider scope for its employment -than the Public Funds. And here we may insert the following handy -table showing the better class of investments, and the dividends to be -expected from them. We are indebted for it to the ever-useful Almanack -of Mr. Whitaker. - -The following are _Trust Investments_, permitted by the Court of -Chancery:— - - Three per Cent. “Consols” and “New Annuities,” which at the - present market price yield barely 5 per cent. - - Bank of England, Metropolitan Board of Works 3½ per cent., and - Indian Government 4 per cent. stocks, which gives £3 2s. 6d. to - £3 10s. per cent. - - Canadian 4 per Cent. “Guaranteed” Loan, giving £3 15s. per cent. - - Turkish 4 per Cent. “Guaranteed” Loan, giving £3 17s. 6d. per - cent. - - Bank of Ireland Stock, giving £3 10s. per cent. - -Then you have 4 to 5 per cent. investments, quite secure:— - - GOVERNMENTS.—Colonial Government Securities: Dutch, Belgian, - French, and United States. - - RAILWAYS.—British Railway Debenture Stocks, Indian Railway - Debenture Stocks, British Railway Preference Stocks, Indian - Railway Ordinary Stocks—these are guaranteed by the Indian - Government—British Railway “Preferred” Ordinary Stocks, British - Railway Ordinary Stocks. - - DOCKS. - - Last come 5 to 6 per cent. investments, which may be classed as - moderately good:— - - GOVERNMENTS.—Austrian, Brazilian, Chilian, Italian, Japanese, - Portuguese and Russian. - - RAILWAYS.—United States Railway Bonds (on lines paying - dividends on the ordinary capital); Canadian Railway Bonds. - - GAS COMPANIES. - - BANKS.—Joint Stock Banks, _limited_. - -Above 6 per cent. there are no investments that can safely be -recommended. - -Some foreign governments pay very irregularly, and we may lay it down -as a wholesome rule that investments made without the bounds of our own -country should be made with double caution. It is not so long since we -met a lady who had invested a considerable sum with a republic which -shall be nameless, and which has since declined to pay any portion -back, or even to remember that some fraction of interest might be -acceptable to its creditors. - -In taking shares in a joint-stock company, there is a caution to be -observed that cannot be too strongly insisted upon. A joint-stock -company is an association of a number of people for the purpose of -carrying on a trade or some useful enterprise capable of yielding a -profit. Now, if ever you take shares in one, whether it be a bank, or -an insurance office, or a mine or anything else, make sure that it is -established under the “Limited Liability Act.” If the company be not -a Limited Liability concern, should it happen to fail, you and every -other shareholder are liable to lose every penny you possess. In a -Limited Liability Company, however, you can only lose the amount of -the shares which you hold. This is a great advantage: you know just -what you are liable for. It is worth remarking that all Joint Stock -Companies with limited liability formed for the purpose of gain, are -obliged by law to use the word “Limited” as the last word of their -title. - -When people have a good deal of money to invest, and have a taste for -limited companies, in preference to the more solid security of the -public funds, it is wise not to put it all into one concern. “Put it,” -says one writer, “into several. Then if one falls in value, another -probably rises, and so your income will keep more equal. If one of -your investments turns out a failure, you lose only a part and not the -whole of your fortune.” And “when you think,” adds the same authority, -“you have placed your money in the safest way you can, do not alter its -investment without some good reason. Every change costs money, and is -attended with trouble and anxiety.” - -Those who know little about business are often tempted by the prospect -of a high dividend, never thinking anything about the risk they run. -The great thing is security, however, and a small return will never be -grumbled at by sensible people if it is accounted for by the investment -being a really safe one. It is anything but a pleasant sensation when, -instead of an expected brilliant percentage, one receives a letter to -the effect that “the directors have thought it right to suspend the -business of the —— Company, and close the share register,” and that -“after most carefully and anxiously weighing all the circumstances -of the case, they are convinced that the only course is to have the -company wound up.” - -In almost every newspaper we meet with advertisements addressed to the -unwary offering shares in companies of which the worthless character -is at once recognised by the experienced. It requires some knowledge -of the world not to be led away by emphatic representations of -“extraordinary success,” “magnificent results,” “handsome profits,” and -“unprecedented opportunities.” - -By way of warning, we may quote an anecdote told by the author of “A -Guide to the Inexperienced.” “I heard it,” she says, “from a person who -had been almost persuaded by a friend who knew nothing of business to -take some shares in a company which _promised_ extremely good interest. - -“He went to the office, which was in the City, to make inquiries. The -manager tried hard to persuade him to invest, assuring him of the -safety of the concern. While C—— was hesitating, a man rushed in and -said, in an eager tone— - -“‘Pray, sir, have you any more shares on sale? I have an order for -fifty more. They are in such great request that I am afraid of their -being all sold before I can get enough.’ - -“His manner and words opened C——’s eyes, who suspected that this was a -plan to entrap him to invest, and he quietly walked off. The company -failed in a very short time afterwards.” - -We have spoken of investments in shares, but shares are often bought, -not as a matter of investment, but as a speculation, the buyer -purchasing them with the expectation that they will rise higher, and -that he will then be able to dispose of them at a profit. This is, as a -general rule, little better than gambling, and a wise woman will keep -out of it. - -Every transaction in the stock market, whether it be in Government -stock, or in railway shares, or in any other securities, must be -effected through the medium of a broker, who is thus not only an -adviser but an indispensable agent in the transaction. Be sure to -employ a broker of good standing, and, having found a trustworthy man, -be rather guided by his advice than by your own notions as to what -purchases are safe and what imprudent. - -All documents connected with investments should be carefully preserved, -and dividends, when they fall due, should be looked after. It seems -unnecessary to say so, but it is a curious fact that, to speak of the -public funds alone, a large sum is added every year to the revenue -from unclaimed dividends. No stock is reckoned unclaimed till ten -years have elapsed without the holder in any way giving token of his -or her existence; and yet in 1879 the amount credited to the item of -“unclaimed dividends” for the year ending 3rd January, 1880, was no -less than £3,411,228! - -The principal reason for this, no doubt, is carelessness; but Mr. -Walter M. Playford, in his “Hints for Investors,” gives several other -reasons which are likely enough. Dividends are often unclaimed through -the misconception of people who have sold stock. They think they have -sold with it a dividend, or a portion of a dividend, to which they -were themselves entitled. Then, executors and administrators are often -unable to claim stock, because those they represent have kept their -investments secret from their nearest friends. And a good deal of -money is not unfrequently lost through the objectionable practice of -investing under a false name. - -The current prices of all the more important stocks for sale are -chronicled day by day in the newspapers. It is a department never -omitted in any well-regulated journal, even though it forms the -driest-looking column in the paper. It is full of figures and tables of -figures, preceded by a few paragraphs, of a very stereotyped aspect, -and written in language peculiar to itself. - -We read therein that “the market is easier,” or that “it assumed a -more lively appearance,” or that “it showed a falling tendency,” or -“great depression,” or that “its tone remained very steady all day.” -We also read of “prices hardening a little,” of “heavy stocks being -inactive,” of “foreign securities being quiet,” and grow familiar with -“Wabash Preferred,” “Nickel Plate Common Stock,” “Spanish Externals,” -“Egyptian Unifieds,” and many other things hard to be understood by the -uninitiated. - -It is a much-studied column, and it is surprising what interest and -entertainment can be extracted from these daily reports of the health -and spirits of the money market if it only takes the trouble to -master the peculiar vocabulary. The principal terms connected with -the investment of money we shall set down here, with a few words of -explanation for each. A business woman—no matter whether she has money -to invest or not—should at least know what they mean. - -_The Money Market_ is a more or less figurative expression, covering -the whole field for the investment or employment of money, the leading -dealers in the market being bankers, bill discounters, and capitalists -of all sorts. Money is _cheap_ or _dear_ in the market according as the -rates for discount are low or the reverse; and business is _brisk_ or -_flat_, according as the amount of such discounts is large or small. - -A _stockbroker_ is a broker who deals in the purchase and sale of -stocks or shares for others. What is known as a _stockjobber_ is one -who buys and sells stock on his own account on speculation: he is a -useful medium between the public and the broker. - -There are some dealers on the _Stock Exchange_—the mart where stocks -and shares are bought and sold—who, by a poetic figure, are known as -_Bulls_ and _Bears_. Bulls are dealers who buying stock low have an -interest in trying all sorts of devices to raise prices. Bears, on -the other hand, try to bring prices down, they being commonly persons -who have sold and undertaken to deliver more stock than they are in -possession of, and who are therefore under the necessity of buying -in at a loss in order to settle their accounts. How they came to be -called bulls and bears is doubtful. “They have been connected,” says -one writer, “with the animals to which allusion is made by a reference -to their respective modes of attack. The bear crushes, or bears _down_ -his antagonist, whereas the bull’s method is to toss him _up_.” - -_Transfer_ is the legal operation by which the rights and -responsibilities of the people disposing of stock or shares are -conveyed to those who buy. When the purchaser, or his or her attorney, -signs the transfer in the bank books, that is known as _Acceptance of -Stock_. - -The periodical payments of interest made by the Government to the -holders of the National Debt and other public funds are known as -_Dividends_. The term dividend is also applied to the sums paid to the -shareholders of a company at each periodical division of profits. - -_Cum-Dividend_ means that the purchaser of the shares is to receive the -dividend then payable or about to be paid. That is to say, the sale is -_with_ the dividend. - -_Ex-Dividend_ just means the reverse; a sale _ex-dividend_ is _without_ -the dividend. - -_Paid-up shares_ are shares on which the full subscribed or nominal -amount has been paid up. In the case of a limited liability company, -for example, the shares may be nominally of £100, with £50 paid-up. -Here the purchaser has to consider that she is liable at any time to be -called on to subscribe the remaining £50 per share. Should the company -come to grief she will not only lose what she paid for the shares, but -be liable for £50 as well upon each share. - -When the price of securities of any kind is equal to their nominal -value, they are said to be at _par_. Suppose £100 shares in a gas -company are selling at £94, they are 6 per cent. _below par_; if £103 -they are 3 per cent. _above par_. - -When you see shares quoted as _at a premium_—say £1 shares at 5s. -_premium_—that means that for every share you would have to pay 25s., -or 5s. more than its nominal value. - -_Debentures_, as commonly understood, are mortgage deeds given by -railway companies in acknowledgment of borrowed money. Debenture -bonds give the holders the first claim for dividends on the company’s -receipts. - -_Preference Shares_ are shares on which a dividend is bound to be paid -so long as the net income is sufficient, even though there should not -be a farthing left for the ordinary shareholders. - -A _Dividend Warrant_ is the document which entitles the holder of stock -to receive payment of her dividend. Dividend warrants may be lodged -with one’s banker in the same way as cheques. - -_Coupons_ is a term used for dividend or interest warrants attached to -bonds running for a fixed number of years. They are usually printed -at the bottom of the bond, there being one for every period at which -interest becomes due. They must be cut off and presented at the right -time to the appointed banker or agent. Many coupons require a stamp, -which must be placed at the back, and have the name of the person to -whom the money is due written across it. - -(_To be continued._) - -[Illustration] - - - - -UNCLE JASPER. - -BY ALICE KING. - - -CHAPTER I. - -“I shan’t, won’t, and can’t like Uncle Jasper; it’s quite impossible, -I know, for me to do it; if he had any other name I might perhaps try; -but Jasper, Jasper, just fancy liking anyone with such a name! He’s -quite certain, with a name like that, to keep the windows tight shut -in July, and insist on my wearing a fur cape in April, and eating -oatmeal porridge for breakfast, and no butter and marmalade; and he’ll -be always dressed in a hideous, flaring red dressing-gown, and he’s -sure to have a wig, and he’ll never take a walk with me after sunset, -because of some horrid old whim about catching cold. No, it’s not to be -supposed that I can even tolerate Uncle Jasper; and as for going and -living with him, and leaving our bright, jolly life here, it’s quite -out of the question.” - -The speaker was myself. At that time I was a girl of fourteen, with -brown eyes, and little feet that danced in unison; with a slight figure -which, in its restless activity, brings to my mind now, as I look back, -the ceaseless motion of the pampas grass when the breeze touches it -ever so softly; with thick, frizzy, rebellious, dark hair, that utterly -refused to accommodate itself to any known fashion of hairdressing -whatsoever; with a broad, intelligent brow, which sometimes wrote the -word “wilfulness” much too legibly upon itself in certain wrinkles and -lines, if contradiction or any kind of supposed indignity stirred up -my spirit within me, as was much too often the case; with a little red -mouth, which was occasionally much too resolute a mouth for a young -lady who had not travelled on very far in her teens. - -Both my parents had died when I was quite a little child; they had -lived in India, and I had known very little of their love or care. I -had no near relations in England to take me under their protection; I -had spent my whole life at school, going for my holidays to the houses -of different schoolfellows. I was the heiress to a small fortune of my -own, which was managed by an old gentleman in the city who had been -left my guardian, and who never came to visit me more than twice a -year, when he paid a state call at my school, and sat with me and the -head schoolmistress in the grand, chill drawing-room—into which no one -ever entered save on the most solemn occasions—for two terrible hours, -inquiring into my health, my studies, and my expenses, at the end of -which periods I always felt as if I had been for a voyage at sea on the -top of an iceberg. - -Now the one thing wanting in my young life was love. I was a clever -girl, and took generally a lion’s share of the prizes in the school -for every kind of learning and accomplishment. I was endowed with a -fair proportion of good looks, and I had quite as much money allowed me -by my guardian as any girl of my age could reasonably desire. I could -not say that I wished especially for anything which was not within the -reach of my attainment in the circumstances in which I was placed; -still, I had a vague consciousness that I did want something, and this -something was love. As has been said, I had no near relations, and I -was not one of those girls who seem to carry about with them a fairy -machine for manufacturing affection wherever they go. My religion was -at that time more of a dead form than a living spirit, warming and -colouring my whole life; and thus I was wanting in the highest power of -all for waking and creating love in those around us. - -The two ladies who kept our school and the under-governesses were -all, in a certain way, proud of me for my cleverness and good looks. -But none of them tried to make their way into my heart. They were all -somewhat indolent women, and as I did them credit in their school, -they gave me my way far more than was good for me, and so fostered the -wilfulness which was one of the worst features of my character. My -schoolfellows, most of them, liked me to a certain extent; my lively -chatter—for I had always a nimble tongue—made me a pleasant companion -and an agreeable visitor. At the same time, however, they were all a -little afraid of me, on account of the reputation I had for superior -mental gifts, and not one among them ever endeavoured to be intimate -with me. They went so far in their acquaintance with me—that is, as far -as a thick rind of proud reserve which surrounded the inner recesses of -my thoughts and feelings would allow; and when they reached this point -they were content to remain without the barrier. - -Things went on in this way with me till a new girl, called Lily -Greenwood, came to our school. Lily was not either as clever or as -pretty as I was; but there was a charm about her which I had not—the -charm of a sweet, sympathetic nature, which the high, pure atmosphere -of a Christian home had developed early into blossoms of rare beauty. -In a month everyone in the school loved Lily. Even the girls with the -prickliest tempers, who were always saying “won’t” and “shan’t,” said -“will” and “shall” to Lily; and the girls with the dullest brains, who -could never be either pulled or driven through the German declensions, -brightened up at her magic spells, and grew quite starlike in their -gleams and twinkles of intelligence; and the greedy girls got to share -their most cherished dainties with her, because she set them such an -example of entire, smiling, gracious unselfishness; and the very cat, -who used to spit and grumble if but the skirts of our dresses touched -her, came to sit on Lily’s knee, and rejoiced in being stroked by her -hand. - -Among the rest, I fell gradually under the witchery practised by Lily. -She seemed to know by instinct that love was what I wanted, and she -came and wove a web of sunbeams around me, till at length I was caught -in it. I began to open my heart to her, and to let her come in, as I -had never done to anyone before; and I began, too, to feel real warm -affection for her. Still, I did not let Lily’s influence work upon me -for good as much as it ought to have done; my pride forbade it, and I -continued in most things my old wilful self. - -Some few months before my story begins it had been discovered by the -doctors that my chest was delicate, and that it would be beneficial -for my health to spend the winter in a warmer climate. My guardian, -who was always very eager to atone for his want of affection for me by -most scrupulous care for my temporal well-being, at once decided that -I should go to the South of France in November, and remain there till -April, and came to my schoolmistress to arrange with her as to how the -plan could be carried out. It was settled that Miss Dolly, the younger -of our schoolmistress’s sisters, who kept the school jointly with her, -should occupy, with me, a villa near Cannes, and that I should have -one companion of my own age to keep me from being dull. Great was my -joy when I heard that this companion was to be Lily. She was not very -strong, and her father, who had lately lost his wife (on which account -Lily had been sent to school), thought it a good opportunity of getting -needful change for her without having to go with her himself, and leave -his business as a merchant for a while. - -The plan had proved a great success, as far as Lily and I were -concerned. Our bodily strength increased in the warm, sweet, southern -air; we learned to talk French like natives; we rejoiced in long -rambles through the vineyards and among the bands of flowers which soon -began to appear in the land as the fair vanguard of spring; but it -cannot be said that it was exactly a season of joy and repose for Miss -Dolly. - -Miss Dolly was one of the mildest, most characterless single ladies -that ever put on a cap. When she went into office at the Villa -Chantilly, it was, of course, intended that she should rule her pupils; -but the fable could not long be kept standing on its feet; it quickly -appeared that her pupils, or at least one of her pupils, and that one -myself, ruled her entirely. I insisted on all the furniture in the -house making the strangest migrations from room to room about twenty -times in succession, to suit my fancy; I vexed poor Miss Dolly’s soul -by causing the cooks to give warning, one after another, because I -would not be satisfied without going down daily into the kitchen to -enter into an exhaustive study of the way to make omelettes; I made -raids into the garden to gather flowers when I ought to have been -practising my scales; I put on a bland air of submission when Miss -Dolly made a supreme decree that we were never to be out after the dew -began to fall; and then, while she slumbered in her armchair (with -Rollin’s History, which she had been reading out loud, in her lap), -coolly stepped out through the window on to the turf in the moonlight. -Lily endeavoured, it is true, to strengthen Miss Dolly’s hands as far -as she could, but at the same time I saw, plainly enough that smiles -would now and then, in spite of herself, come creeping round her mouth -as she watched my proceedings. The result of all this was, as might be -naturally expected, that I grew more wilful than ever, and fonder of my -own way in everything. - -Such was the state of things in the Villa Chantilly when, one morning -early in March, there arrived from Miss Dolly’s elder sister in England -a letter which seemed likely to change the whole course of my future. -It told how there had come to the school a gentleman making anxious -inquiries about me, Beatrice Warmington, and how this gentleman was -my uncle, Mr. Jasper Rosebury. I had never heard of such a relation, -and at first I simply refused to believe in his existence. A few more -sentences of the letter, however, proved most indisputably that Mr. -Rosebury had married my mother’s elder sister, that she had died young, -before my mother was married herself, and that he had then gone to -Australia, where he had remained ever since. I had, of course, never -even heard his name; for when my parents were alive I was too young -to understand anything about our family history, and my guardian had -probably never thought it worth while to trouble himself to make known -to me the facts concerning my aunt’s early marriage and death. Besides, -Jasper Rosebury had not been heard of for some years, even by his own -relations. - -The letter, moreover, informed us that my Uncle Jasper was about -to come to the villa, and take me away from school and all school -authority for good, to live with him. It was against this plan that -I was raising up such energetic objections. I did not wish to leave -my bright, enjoyable life at the villa; I did not wish to have an old -gentleman, such as my imagination represented my uncle, for a constant -companion; and, most of all, I did not wish to be separated from Lily. -Besides all this, I had taken a whimsical but most resolute dislike to -my uncle, simply because I had a prejudice against his Christian name, -Jasper. - -The scene grew more and more disturbed round the breakfast-table that -morning in the Villa Chantilly. Miss Dolly remonstrated, coaxed, cried, -made a faint attempt at scolding, and then cried again. As for myself, -I did nothing but repeat over and over a most flat and unequivocal -refusal ever to live with Uncle Jasper. He would be here to-morrow, -Miss Dolly sobbed. Then let him be here; that made no difference to me. -I would not go with him. - -“Oh, Beatrice!” here put in Lily’s sweet, low voice—she had been making -attempts from time to time to still the storm—“if it was only my dear -mother’s brother, whom she used to tell me so much about, come back, -how happy—” - -But here I broke in upon her with, “I wish, Lily, that you and Miss -Dolly were tied up in a bag with all the old rusty, musty uncles and -aunts going, then, I should think, you’d both have a jolly time of it.” - -After that I flounced out of the room, banging the door after me. - -It was all very well to flounce and bang, but I knew well enough in my -inmost soul that no flouncing and banging could change the fact that -Uncle Jasper would be here to-morrow. I meditated and meditated upon -this certainty, until out of it, and out of my resolute, headstrong -wilfulness, there grew up a firm determination—I would run away. - -(_To be continued._) - - - - -ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. - - -EDUCATIONAL. - -WEED OF THE FAMILY.—1. Vinegar should never be taken alone. In salad -there should be an equal part of olive oil, or a cream and egg mixture -added to it. 2. The worldly rich man, who pampered himself and showed -no mercy to the poor creature who crawled to his gate for his charity -in vain, was popularly called Dives for lack of a name, which signifies -in one word what he was, _i.e._, rich man, the word used in the Vulgate -(Latin). - - -ART. - -NINETEEN will find the china sold at Doulton’s, Mortlock’s, and other -well-known firms, the most satisfactory for painting upon. The faults -she names arise more from the firing and the application of the colour -than the foundation. - -ADAH.—Bronze painting materials are sold at most artist colourmen’s, -and are always procurable if not in stock when required. Each bottle of -colour costs from sixpence to a shilling, and the price of a bracket -depends on the number of colours used. - -S. K. C.—The best apparatus for setting crayon drawings is called -Rouget’s fixative. A thin spray of the fixative is dispersed over the -surface of the completed work in the same way that scent is thrown -about a room. - -ALICE.—1. A crayon copy is not eligible for exhibition at the Royal -Academy. 2. A little ammonia will clean gilt picture frames and restore -their brightness. - -PERSEVERANCE.—With regard to the circular you have enclosed to us, it -appears to be the same as many others which we have seen, and we should -recommend caution regarding it. Many ladies have spent money and time -over similar advertisements, and have got nothing by so doing. - -P. Z.—Pencil drawings are set by milk and water being poured over their -surfaces. The milk used is skim milk largely diluted by water. A dinner -dish or large tray is used in which to immerse the drawing by some -people; others pour the water over them, and hang the drawings over the -back of a wooden chair to drip dry. - -LADY OLIVE.—To cover table-tops with Christmas cards, the wood should -be first sized with strong size, and when dry the cards affixed to -the surface with strong gum. Then re-size and varnish with white hard -varnish. The cards should be arranged on the table first with pins. - -KINDER GARTNER.—We think that you might extract the grease stains -from the paper by covering it with blotting-paper and holding a hot -flat-iron near it. But you must do it gradually and watchfully, or you -may curl up the tinted paper. You had better lay the blotting-paper at -the back of the embossing. - -MRS. WAINWRIGHT.—In former times surnames were variously spelt by -members of the same families owning them. That of the famous Flemish -painter, Sir Anthony Vandyck, or Vandyke, is an exemplification of this -fact. In Benjamin Vincent’s “Dictionary of Biography,” in Gorton’s -“Biographical Dictionary,” the “Student’s Encyclopædia,” and in -Phillip’s “Dictionary of Biographical Reference,” Sir Anthony’s name is -spelt with a “c”. So also is that of Daniel Vandyck, a French painter -of the seventeenth century, and Philippus Vandyck, a Dutch painter, -1680-1752. A good connoisseur would be able to tell you to which of -these masters your picture may be attributed. - -ASHE INGEN COURT.—Rosenburg’s “Guide to Flower Painting,” published by -Rowney, is a good shilling manual. Noble’s “Guide to Water-colours,” -also published by the same, and Green’s “Sketching from Nature,” three -volumes, one shilling each, are all satisfactory, and would fulfil your -requirements. - -MITTIE SMITH.—To transfer prints to glass you must lay a thin coating -of Venice turpentine over the face of the print, and then proceed as if -you were doing decalcomanie. - - -HOUSEKEEPING. - -A. W.—Cocoa is made from the nibs in a tin-pot like a coffee-pot. Put -in half a teacupful each morning, fill the pot with cold water, and -keep it on the stove all day, so that the goodness may stew out of the -nibs. Use it at breakfast, or when required, each day, and when empty -fill as directed, leaving each day’s cocoa nibs in the pot till the end -of the week. - -RALE CEARNEY.—The cheese course comes before the dessert. - -YARMOUTH BLOATER.—1. Steaming is considered the best way of cleaning -feathers, but in the country, where they must be done at home, they -should be put into warm water, to which should be added a little soda -or chloride of lime. After this wash they are rinsed in cold water and -put to dry on a clean cloth. If dried in a stove, they must be put into -bags of clean muslin, and placed in the oven with the door open till -the drying is complete and they are fit for use. We are sorry to hear -you do not lend the volumes of the G.O.P. even to your sisters; it -seems like an old story many times read and told, but not often taken -to heart—the talents laid carefully by in a napkin. Read the verse at -1 Tim. vi. 18, and be willing to communicate even your most cherished -articles. - - -MUSIC. - -FIVE YEARS SUBSCRIBER.—Rubbing the hands and fingers well with oil will -render them supple, and also scale practice. - - -MISCELLANEOUS. - -M. S. K.—You must make your own choice; we could not lay down any -dogmatic rule as to the merits of one Christian community over another. -God had an elect people in the Israelites, and to those who did not -live up to the Divine privileges they enjoyed, our Lord said it would -be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment than -for them. God has, in His wisdom and goodness, elected you into some -division of the Christian Church—His fold on earth—which is composed of -many communities (united on the main though differing respectively on -the minor doctrines of the Christian faith). You might have been born a -Jew, heathen, Mahommedan, Red Indian, or of any other parentage outside -the pale of His fold, but you were elected to enjoy special privileges, -a knowledge of Divine truth, and all the precious means of grace. Under -such circumstances, if you be not devout, your judgment will be the -more severe; for, like Esau, you will have thrown away your birthright, -and thus your blessing, for you are a responsible being. - -MAGGIE MARY.—We sympathise much with you in the sentiments you express, -and the experiences you have had, and we quite agree with you that -prayer, offered in faith in the special divine promises to which you -refer, will do more for the sick than any human means. Have recourse to -the former, and have nothing to do with mesmerism. If you write again, -give your address. - -MARY L. SAUNDERS is thanked for informing us of the institution of a -school at Haldon View, Topsham, Devon, for children of weak intellect. -We are gratified to hear that a suggestion of ours caused the carrying -out of this charitable plan. The premises are excellent, and there is -accommodation for eight pupils. The promoters of the scheme are sisters -of the writer, and have a licence. - -GWENDOLIN MARZIPAN.—The Odd Minutes Society might suit you; sec., Miss -Powell, Luctons, Buckhurst-hill, Essex. The particulars will be sent -you in print. - -SHIRLEY.—See page 192, Part for January. A man’s money does not go to -any brother or sister should he die intestate and leave a widow or -children. In the latter case the widow has a third of his property, -and the rest is divided equally between his children. Should he die -leaving only one child, the widow still has her third and the one child -(whether son or daughter) inherits all the rest—that is, two-thirds. -His brothers and sisters cannot claim a farthing when he leaves a widow -and child, excepting by will. - -IVY LEAF.—James Mason has given a series of articles on the subject of -your letter—“Every Girl a Business Woman,” beginning in vol. viii., -p. 118. No stamp was necessary on the I.O.U. given you as a receipt -for your £30 loan to some man. How disgraceful on the part of one of -his sex to borrow such a sum of a girl, and require to be sued for its -recovery! - -CARELESS ONE.—Refer to our indexes for our instructions entitled “How -to Remove Inkstains from Ivory,” etc. - -BLACK TOM.—1. The girl you name as being hopelessly attached to a -man she has never met but only seen at concerts, should be sent -away from the foreign town where you both are staying, either to a -friend’s house and care or to a good school. The story is of a most -humiliating character; she disgraces the sex, the members of which -should be sought, not themselves the seekers. Certainly you should not -make any such revelations and overtures to a stranger. If she have no -self-respect herself, her friends should not betray such a deplorable -state of things. It would be like dragging her through the gutter. 2. -We could not hazard an opinion on what was your disease. Your writing -slopes the wrong way. - -PERPLEXED.—Go to receive the Holy Communion in charity with all, in -humility and repentance, with a steadfast resolution, by the help of -the Holy Spirit, to amend your life and cherish no wilful sin, nor any -omission of duty. Confess your utter unworthiness and accept Christ as -your only hope. Thus you will not present yourself unworthily. - -YUM-YUM wishes to obtain the publication of a story which she has -written. We cannot altogether comply, but give an extract. A young man -was given over in decline, induced by the refusal of his suit to a girl -called Gwendolyne. But the latter being hungry one day, “Alexander took -her to an eating house, and treated her to a sausage, and then, indeed, -gratitude won the day, for Gwendolyne leaned her head on Alexander’s -shoulder, and she was his.” We cannot undertake to insert Yum-yum’s -nor Gwendolyne’s photographs in the G.O.P. in return for her story, as -desired. - -ONE PERPLEXED has jilted her intended husband after some years’ -engagement, and this without giving him the full explanation he had a -right to demand. She has left him, moreover, for a whole year without -one word of such explanation. There is so great a diversity in opinion -amongst religious, God-fearing people as to a sincere Christian’s -liberty (in such matters as that which has led her to cast off her -intended) that we consider her conduct the more reprehensible. - -M. E. B. (Charnwood).—Apply to our publisher. The Editor has nothing to -do with his department. - -MARITZBURG.—Write to Miss E. Faithfull, who conducts the Institution -for female emigration in Manchester, 10, Albert-square (Scottish -Insurance Buildings). State your case, and we think the matter might be -arranged for you, if you said any opening was ready for you. - -[Illustration: SPRING.] - -ABITUR OF THE HILLS.—The name cayenne is French, and should be -pronounced kay-en. - -VIOLET.—We do not enter into nor discuss subjects of the kind about -which you inquire. If your parents really object to your receiving the -Holy Communion oftener than once a month, why should you cross their -wishes? You would show good feeling in consulting them on all occasions -short of an infringement of a positive duty, and no divine command -prescribes the frequency of your availing yourself of this spiritual -privilege. - -IVY.—Were you of full age, it would still be your duty to please and -requite your parents, and to stretch a great point so to do; but as a -mere minor of eighteen, it is an act of rebellion on your part to keep -company and flirt with any man. The next time he presumes to address -you, say he can do so no more, as your parents object to it, and then -walk resolutely away. As he is above you in position, your parents are -wise in their view of the case. - -INVESTOR is reading, we hope, Mr. James Mason’s articles on business -for women, in the present numbers of the G.O.P. We do not know anything -of the company you mention, and should advise you to write and make -inquiries from them; and we also recommend you to divide what money you -have, to avoid having “all your eggs in the same basket.” Put £50 each -into two things, for instance. Is there not some old and respectable -building society where you live that you could inquire about? - -EMMA HAY.—1. The 23rd April, 1865, was a Saturday. 2. Your writing -might be improved. - -ETHILD MYA B.—We do not know what to suggest, save to teach knitting -to all your little class, and then get them some clothing for poor -children to make. Boys are taught both plain sewing and knitting in -Board schools now. - -KATHLEEN.—The quotation, “They also serve who only stand and wait,” is -from Milton’s poem on his blindness. - -WILD ROSE L.—1. The numbers are sixpence each. Six would be 3s., and -the parcels post about 6d. 2. The 23rd of January, 1863, was a Friday. -The word “truly” does not need an “e” in it. - -SYNGE.—We are much obliged for your letter and its quotation, which we -know well. We do not suppose that the writer intended more than half a -truth in what he said, probably in allusion to the single watch-notes -of the robin. In the limits of a short article it is not possible to -go into many particulars. We know many people who never heard a robin -sing, as his tones in the spring and summer are always drowned in the -general chorus. - -LILIAN has our sincere sympathy on the three accounts named. May she -find rest in the knowledge of that “Friend that sticketh closer than a -brother.” We regret that she gave no address. Has Lilian a movable desk -to accommodate to her convenience as she reclines? If so, she might -sometimes prepare scrap-books for hospitals, with every sort of picture -and card. Such books are made very entertaining both to the maker and -the receiver by decapitating figures and making an exchange of heads, -especially in the case of old photographs; also in introducing figures -into landscapes and interiors. Such books are a real boon to sufferers -in hospitals. - -S. E. P.—You seem to need a tonic. As your general health must be weak, -perhaps some cod-liver oil would answer. Keep your feet dry and warm, -and wear flannels next the skin. - -GINGERBOTTLE.—1. Handel, the composer, was buried in Westminster Abbey. -2. The best thing to do about colds, we think, is not to catch them. - -HOPEFUL YUM-YUM.—You should say, “None of us have,” and “Neither of us -is.” We regret that your letter was not answered before. - -E. O.—1. The 17th February, 1862, was a Monday. 2. The tale of “Only a -Girl-Wife” was begun in the G.O.P. for October 3rd, 1885. - -ISABEL.—The Editor regrets to decline Isabel’s poem, but is much -obliged for her good opinion of the G.O.P. - -EILEEN.—Is the poem meant for blank verse? If so, it is incorrect in -its construction, and many of the expressions used are very unpoetical. - -MISS GREENWOOD.—The lines you send us are fairly correct, and show -cleverness and a certain facility in writing. With practice you ought -to do much better. - -ANNIE MAGGS.—Water for drinking should always be filtered; but the -impurities in it would vary in different localities. In some they would -arise from decayed vegetation. Boiled water is the safest to drink. - -MAUD MORLEY.—A vamper means one who vamps, or pieces an old thing with -something new. It is not always applied to shoes and boots, for in some -parts of England “to vamp” means to bully or bluster, and in others it -means to travel, while in Swift’s writings we find the sentence, “I -never had much hopes of your _vamped-up_ play.” - -R. M. A. and Others.—1. None of the handwritings are pretty, but all -distinct and easy to read. 2. Sir John Lubbock’s “Best Hundred Books” -would serve as a guide; also two very good articles in the _Leisure -Hour_ of last year, on the same subject, would contain all the -information needful. - -LADY IRENE DALE had better send for our paper-pattern of “a bodice to -take the place of stays,” which she will see advertised in the monthly -list given at the end of every article on “Dress: in Season and in -Reason,” by the “Lady Dressmaker.” - -N. WALES.—We recommend you to have nothing to do with the description -of experiments to which you refer. As our magazine is not a medium for -any kind of controversy, we do not name the subject to which you refer; -but we may tell you that we highly disapprove of them. We are glad that -your father and brothers like our magazine. - -GOODY TWO-SHOES.—1. We think you must have made a mistake, and -that your bad dreams were the results of your suppers, not of your -abstinence from them. As a rule, they are by no means wholesome. The -digestive powers are weary after their due work of the day, just as -your legs and your brain. They should not be taxed when they need -repose. If set to work when tired, the work is only half done, and -headaches and blotches in the face, as well as unpleasant dreams, may -be expected. A biscuit and a cup of milk might be excepted from this -charge, and, possibly, be even desirable. 2. The 16th of August, 1865, -was a Wednesday. - -MARY WRIGHT (New South Wales).—Your kind letter was very gratifying to -us, and we heartily wish you the same blessings that you desire for us. - -AN IRIS.—1. We thank you for the recipe for preserving flowers in a -vase—_i.e._, to put a good pinch of salt in the water, and more if the -vase be large. It counteracts the bad effect produced by a hot room. -If your mother-in-law be kindly disposed towards you, as evidenced by -subscribing herself “affectionately,” and even “very affectionately -yours,” you may sign yourself “your affectionate daughter.” 2. The -operation, as performed in the sad case you describe, is indeed most -horrible. Happily, all cases and all modes of treatment are not alike. - -BERYL.—You need complete change of air. If living inland, go to the -seaside; if on a plain, exchange to an elevated situation. If this -change be accompanied by a complete rest from intellectual work, and -from use of the eyes in reading, writing, or fine needlework; and, -added to this, you go out twice a day, abstaining from walks that will -fatigue you, and you take cod-liver oil or plenty of cream, we think -you will recover in a few months. - -VIZER.—Friction is good for the liver, not “blows.” The use of a -skipping-rope is desirable, and brown wholemeal bread should be taken -for breakfast and tea—not mere ordinary bread with an admixture of bran. - -FLAKE.—Hot potatoes and hot carrots are very wholesome; not so when -cold. Your digestion appears out of order. Consult a doctor. - -TRING.—Perhaps tannin lozenges and alum and water gargle might be -serviceable to you; but we cannot prescribe for perfect strangers. - -A LITTLE LAMB.—We sympathise much with you in the religious sentiments -you express, and we wish you God-speed. - -PUZZLED ONE.—The word “glebe” has more than one meaning. Webster gives -four. It is derived from the Latin—_Gleba_, clod, land, soil. In mining -it means a piece of earth containing mineral ore; in ecclesiastical law -it means the land belonging to as parish church or benefice. It was -used to mean a meadow or field in your quotation. - -TWO FERN LEAVES have no business to correspond with any young men -without their parents’ express sanction, and unless engaged to them. - -JUNO.—Certainly, women can sign as witnesses to a will or any legal -document, provided they be of age. - -MARY BROOKS.—We could not possibly tell you what salary you might -obtain at a fancy-work shop, as so much depends on the style of place, -situation, facility in obtaining hands, state of trade, and amount of -competition in that line of business, added to which must be your own -efficiency and experience. Inquire at several shops, and so discover -the average salary given. - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL'S OWN PAPER, VOL. 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