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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0862c62 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #66719 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/66719) diff --git a/old/66719-0.txt b/old/66719-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index aaadb01..0000000 --- a/old/66719-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2051 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Historical Record of the Seventieth, or, The -Surrey Regiment of Foot : containing an account of the formation of the -regiment in 1758, and of its subsequent services to 1848, by Richard -Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Historical Record of the Seventieth, or, The Surrey Regiment of - Foot : containing an account of the formation of the regiment in - 1758, and of its subsequent services to 1848 - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: November 12, 2021 [eBook #66719] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online Distributed - Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was - produced from images made available by the HathiTrust Digital - Library.) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE -SEVENTIETH, OR, THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT : CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE -FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT IN 1758, AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES TO -1848 *** - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - Footnote anchors are denoted by [number], and the footnotes have been - placed at the end of the ‘Introduction’ section. - - Some minor changes to the text are noted at the end of the book. - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF - - THE SEVENTIETH, - - OR - - THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - CONTAINING - - AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT - IN 1758, - - AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES - TO 1848. - - - COMPILED BY - - RICHARD CANNON, ESQ., - ADJUTANT-GENERAL’S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS. - - LONDON: - PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER, - 30, CHARING-CROSS. - - MDCCCXLIX. - - - - - LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET, - FOR HER MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE. - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - _HORSE-GUARDS_, - _1st January, 1836_. - -His Majesty has been pleased to command that, with the view of -doing the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals -who have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with -the Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the -British Army shall be published under the superintendence and -direction of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall -contain the following particulars, viz.:-- - - ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of - the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time - employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations - in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any - Achievement it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, - &c., it may have captured from the Enemy. - - ---- The Names of the Officers, and the number of - Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or Wounded by the - Enemy, specifying the place and Date of the Action. - - ---- The Names of those Officers who, in consideration of their - Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the - Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other - Marks of His Majesty’s gracious favour. - - ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, - and Privates, as may have specially signalized themselves in - Action. - - And, - - ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been - permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges - or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honorable - - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD, - _Adjutant-General_. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend -upon the zeal and ardour by which all who enter into its service -are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that -any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which -alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object than a full display of the noble deeds with which the -Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright -examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have -preceded him in their honorable career, are among the motives that -have given rise to the present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -“London Gazette,” from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the -time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and -admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, -the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on -the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their -orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill -and bravery; and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour -of their Sovereign’s approbation, constitute the reward which the -soldier most highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) -for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services -and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in -obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty -having been pleased to command that every Regiment shall, in -future, keep a full and ample record of its services at home and -abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations which -chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In -Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and -where these pursuits have, for so long a period, being undisturbed -by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active service -and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during peace, the -British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, with little -or no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country -derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to -reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on -their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which -so many national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and -steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against -superior numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the -Corps employed; but the details of their services and of acts of -individual bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under his -Majesty’s special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk -of the Adjutant General’s Office; and while the perusal of them -cannot fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every -rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and -information to the general reader, particularly to those who may -have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or -are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment -to everything belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a -narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great, the -valiant, the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with -a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race -of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood “firm -as the rocks of their native shore:” and when half the world has -been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their -Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained -by our countrymen, our brothers, our fellow citizens in arms,--a -record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their -gallant deeds before us,--will certainly prove acceptable to the -public. - -Biographical Memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value -and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment -will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall -be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - - -INTRODUCTION - -TO - -THE INFANTRY. - - -The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been celebrated for -innate courage and unshaken firmness, and the national superiority -of the British troops over those of other countries has been -evinced in the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains -so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, that no doubts can -be raised upon the facts which are recorded. It must therefore be -admitted, that the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is -INTREPIDITY. This quality was evinced by the inhabitants of England -when their country was invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army, -on which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into the sea to -attack the Roman soldiers as they descended from their ships; and, -although their discipline and arms were inferior to those of their -adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing intimidated -the flower of the Roman troops, including Cæsar’s favourite tenth -legion. Their arms consisted of spears, short swords, and other -weapons of rude construction. They had chariots, to the axles of -which were fastened sharp pieces of iron resembling scythe-blades, -and infantry in long chariots resembling waggons, who alighted -and fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit or retreat, -sprang into the chariot and drove off with the speed of cavalry. -These inventions were, however, unavailing against Cæsar’s -legions: in the course of time a military system, with discipline -and subordination, was introduced, and British courage, being -thus regulated, was exerted to the greatest advantage; a full -development of the national character followed, and it shone forth -in all its native brilliancy. - -The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted principally of -infantry: Thanes, and other men of property, however, fought on -horseback. The infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. The -former carried large shields armed with spikes, long broad swords -and spears; and the latter were armed with swords or spears only. -They had also men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and -javelins. - -The feudal troops established by William the Conqueror consisted -(as already stated in the Introduction to the Cavalry) almost -entirely of horse; but when the warlike barons and knights, with -their trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion -of men appeared on foot, and, although these were of inferior -degree, they proved stout-hearted Britons of stanch fidelity. When -stipendiary troops were employed, infantry always constituted a -considerable portion of the military force; and this _arme_ has -since acquired, in every quarter of the globe, a celebrity never -exceeded by the armies of any nation at any period. - -The weapons carried by the infantry, during the several reigns -succeeding the Conquest, were bows and arrows, half-pikes, lances, -halberds, various kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour -was worn on the head and body, and in course of time the practice -became general for military men to be so completely cased in steel, -that it was almost impossible to slay them. - -The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the destructive -purposes of war, in the early part of the fourteenth -century, produced a change in the arms and equipment of the -infantry-soldier. Bows and arrows gave place to various kinds of -fire-arms, but British archers continued formidable adversaries; -and, owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect bore of -the fire-arms when first introduced, a body of men, well trained -in the use of the bow from their youth, was considered a valuable -acquisition to every army, even as late as the sixteenth century. - -During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth each company -of infantry usually consisted of men armed five different ways; in -every hundred men forty were “_men-at-arms_,” and sixty “_shot_;” -the “men-at-arms” were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe men, and -thirty pikemen; and the “shot” were twenty archers, twenty -musketeers, and twenty harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides -his principal weapon, a sword and dagger. - -Companies of infantry varied at this period in numbers from 150 -to 300 men; each company had a colour or ensign, and the mode of -formation recommended by an English military writer (Sir John -Smithe) in 1590 was:--the colour in the centre of the company -guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen in equal proportions, on -each flank of the halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank -of the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers, -and the harquebusiers (whose arms were much lighter than the -muskets then in use) in equal proportions on each flank of the -company for skirmishing.[1] It was customary to unite a number -of companies into one body, called a REGIMENT, which frequently -amounted to three thousand men: but each company continued to carry -a colour. Numerous improvements were eventually introduced in the -construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found impossible to -make armour proof against the muskets then in use (which carried -a very heavy ball) without its being too weighty for the soldier, -armour was gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth -century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse, and the infantry -were reduced to two classes, viz.: _musketeers_, armed with -matchlock muskets, swords, and daggers; and _pikemen_, armed with -pikes from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords. - -In the early part of the seventeenth century Gustavus Adolphus, -King of Sweden, reduced the strength of regiments to 1000 men. He -caused the gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in flasks, -or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing a charge, to be -made up into cartridges, and carried in pouches; and he formed -each regiment into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division -of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming four regiments -into a brigade; and the number of colours was afterwards reduced to -three in each regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that his -infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated Polish horsemen -and Austrian cuirassiers; and his armies became the admiration of -other nations. His mode of formation was copied by the English, -French, and other European states; but so great was the prejudice -in favour of ancient customs, that all his improvements were not -adopted until near a century afterwards. - -In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service, styled -the Admiral’s regiment. In 1678 each company of 100 men usually -consisted of 30 pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with light -firelocks. In this year the King added a company of men armed with -hand grenades to each of the old British regiments, which was -designated the “grenadier company.” Daggers were so contrived as to -fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets similar to those -at present in use were adopted about twenty years afterwards. - -An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by order of King James -II., to guard the artillery, and was designated the Royal Fusiliers -(now 7th Foot). This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did -not carry pikes. - -King William III. incorporated the Admiral’s regiment in the second -Foot Guards, and raised two Marine regiments for sea-service. -During the war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting -the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 pikemen and 46 -musketeers; the captains carried pikes; lieutenants, partisans; -ensigns, half-pikes; and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in -1697 the Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again formed on -the breaking out of the war in 1702.[2] - -During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were laid aside, and every -infantry soldier was armed with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the -grenadiers ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades; -and the regiments were directed to lay aside their third colour: -the corps of Royal Artillery was first added to the Army in this -reign. - -About the year 1745, the men of the battalion companies of infantry -ceased to carry swords; during the reign of George II. light -companies were added to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of -General Officers recommended that the grenadiers should lay aside -their swords, as that weapon had never been used during the Seven -Years’ War. Since that period the arms of the infantry soldier have -been limited to the musket and bayonet. - -The arms and equipment of the British Troops have seldom differed -materially, since the Conquest, from those of other European -states; and in some respects the arming has, at certain periods, -been allowed to be inferior to that of the nations with whom they -have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage, the bravery and -superiority of the British infantry have been evinced on very many -and most trying occasions, and splendid victories have been gained -over very superior numbers. - -Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like champions who have -dared to confront a host of foes, and have proved themselves -valiant with any arms. At _Crecy_, King Edward III., at the head -of about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, 1346, Philip -King of France, whose army is said to have amounted to 100,000 -men; here British valour encountered veterans of renown:--the -King of Bohemia, the King of Majorca, and many princes and nobles -were slain, and the French army was routed and cut to pieces. Ten -years afterwards, Edward Prince of Wales, who was designated the -Black Prince, defeated, at _Poictiers_, with 14,000 men, a French -army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, and took John I., King of -France, and his son Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October, -1415, King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 men, although -greatly exhausted by marches, privations, and sickness, defeated, -at _Agincourt_, the Constable of France, at the head of the flower -of the French nobility and an army said to amount to 60,000 men, -and gained a complete victory. - -During the seventy years’ war between the United Provinces of the -Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy, which commenced in 1578 and -terminated in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the -States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable spirit and -firmness;[3] and in the thirty years’ war between the Protestant -Princes and the Emperor of Germany, the British Troops in the -service of Sweden and other states were celebrated for deeds of -heroism.[4] In the wars of Queen Anne, the fame of the British -army under the great MARLBOROUGH was spread throughout the world; -and if we glance at the achievements performed within the memory -of persons now living, there is abundant proof that the Britons -of the present age are not inferior to their ancestors in the -qualities which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds of -the brave men, of whom there are many now surviving, who fought in -Egypt in 1801, under the brave Abercromby, and compelled the French -army, which had been vainly styled _Invincible_, to evacuate that -country; also the services of the gallant Troops during the arduous -campaigns in the Peninsula, under the immortal WELLINGTON; and -the determined stand made by the British Army at Waterloo, where -Napoleon Bonaparte, who had long been the inveterate enemy of Great -Britain, and had sought and planned her destruction by every means -he could devise, was compelled to leave his vanquished legions to -their fate, and to place himself at the disposal of the British -Government. These achievements, with others of recent dates in the -distant climes of India, prove that the same valour and constancy -which glowed in the breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, -Agincourt, Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the Britons -of the nineteenth century. - -The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust and muscular -frame,--intrepidity which no danger can appal,--unconquerable -spirit and resolution,--patience in fatigue and privation, and -cheerful obedience to his superiors. These qualities, united with -an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate and give -a skilful direction to the energies and adventurous spirit of -the hero, and a wise selection of officers of superior talent to -command, whose presence inspires confidence,--have been the leading -causes of the splendid victories gained by the British arms.[5] -The fame of the deeds of the past and present generations in the -various battle fields where the robust sons of Albion have fought -and conquered, surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory; -these achievements will live in the page of history to the end of -time. - -The records of the several regiments will be found to contain a -detail of facts of an interesting character, connected with the -hardships, sufferings, and gallant exploits of British soldiers in -the various parts of the world, where the calls of their Country -and the commands of their Sovereign have required them to proceed -in the execution of their duty, whether in active continental -operations, or in maintaining colonial territories in distant and -unfavourable climes. - -The superiority of the British infantry has been pre-eminently set -forth in the wars of six centuries, and admitted by the greatest -commanders which Europe has produced. The formations and movements -of this _arme_, as at present practised, while they are adapted -to every species of warfare, and to all probable situations -and circumstances of service, are calculated to show forth the -brilliancy of military tactics calculated upon mathematical and -scientific principles. Although the movements and evolutions have -been copied from the continental armies, yet various improvements -have from time to time been introduced, to insure that simplicity -and celerity by which the superiority of the national military -character is maintained. The rank and influence which Great Britain -has attained among the nations of the world, have in a great -measure been purchased by the valour of the Army, and to persons -who have the welfare of their country at heart, the records of the -several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] A company of 200 men would appear thus:-- - -__| | | |__| | 20 20 20 30 2|0 30 20 20 20 | Harquebuses. Muskets. -Halberds. Muskets. Harquebuses. Archers. Pikes. Pikes. Archers. - -The musket carried a ball which weighed 1/10th of a pound; and the -harquebus a ball which weighed 1/25th of a pound. - -[2] The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps -in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign -of Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under -Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and -in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at -the siege of Barcelona in 1705. - -[3] The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed -in 1590, observes:--“I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation -would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the -field, let them be chosen where they list.” Yet at this time the -Spanish infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe. -For instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during -the Seventy Years’ War, see the Historical Record of the Third -Foot, or Buffs. - -[4] _Vide_ the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of -Foot. - -[5] “Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes -the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in -Egypt to that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but -His Majesty desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed -on the consideration of every part of the army, that it has been a -strict observance of order, discipline, and military system, which -has given the full energy to the native valour of the troops, and -has enabled them proudly to assert the superiority of the national -military character, in situations uncommonly arduous, and under -circumstances of peculiar difficulty.”--_General Orders in 1801._ - -In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope -(afterwards Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the -successful result of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January, -1809, it is stated:--“On no occasion has the undaunted valour of -British troops ever been more manifest. At the termination of a -severe and harassing march, rendered necessary by the superiority -which the enemy had acquired, and which had materially impaired -the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages were to be -encountered. These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the -troops themselves; and the enemy has been taught, that whatever -advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there is -inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows -not how to yield,--that no circumstances can appal,--and that will -ensure victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any -human means.” - - - - -THE SEVENTIETH REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - - - -CONTENTS - -OF THE - -HISTORICAL RECORD. - - - YEAR PAGE - - INTRODUCTION. ix - - 1758 Formation of the Regiment from the Second Battalion - of the Thirty-first regiment 1 - - ---- Stationed in Scotland -- - - ---- Faced with _light grey_, and commonly called - the _Glasgow Greys_ -- - - ---- The colonelcy conferred on Lieut.-Colonel John - Parslow, from the First Foot Guards -- - - ---- Officers appointed to Commissions in the regiment 2 - - 1759 Removed to South Britain -- - - 1760 Appointment of Lieut.-Colonel Cyrus Trapaud, - from the Third regiment, to the colonelcy, in - succession to Colonel Parslow, removed to the - Fifty-fourth regiment -- - - 1763 Embarked for Ireland -- - - 1764 Embarked for the West Indies -- - - 1768 The _Facing_ directed by the Royal Warrant of - the 19th of December to be _Black_ 3 - - 1774 Returned to England from the West Indies -- - - 1776 Proceeded to Scotland -- - - 1778 Embarked for North America 3 - - ---- Appointment of Major-General William Tryon - to the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General - Trapaud, removed to the Fifty-second regiment -- - - 1781 Stationed in Nova Scotia -- - - 1782 Directed to assume the County title of “Surrey” - regiment, in addition to its Numerical title -- - - 1783 Appointment of Colonel the Earl of Suffolk to - the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General - Tryon, removed to the Twenty-ninth regiment -- - - 1784 Returned to England from North America 4 - - 1787 Embarked for Ireland -- - - 1793 Embarked for the West Indies -- - - 1794 Engaged in the capture of _Martinique_ -- - - 1795 Returned to England 5 - - ---- Embarked for Gibraltar 6 - - 1800 Embarked for the West Indies, where six companies - arrived -- - - ---- Four companies prevented from proceeding to the - West Indies by the vessel having sprung a - leak, and proceeded from Lisbon to Jersey -- - - 1801 The six companies returned from the West - Indies and joined the four companies at Jersey -- - - ---- The Regiment proceeded from Jersey to Dover -- - - 1803 Embarked for the West Indies -- - - 1807 Detachment engaged in the capture of certain - Danish West India Islands -- - - 1810 Flank companies formed part of an expedition - against Guadaloupe 7 - - ---- Capture of _Guadaloupe_ -- - - 1812 Returned from the West Indies 8 - - ---- Proceeded to Scotland -- - - ---- Received the Royal Authority to assume the title - of the _Glasgow Lowland regiment_ -- - - 1813 Engaged on duties at Montrose and Perth 8 - - ---- Embarked for Ireland -- - - ---- Embarked for Canada -- - - 1814 Appointment of Lieut.-General Honorable Sir G. Lowry - Cole, K.B., to the colonelcy, in succession to - General the Earl of Suffolk, removed to the - Forty-fourth regiment -- - - ---- Employed at Quebec, Montreal, Cornwall, and - Kingston in Canada -- - - 1816 Appointment of Lieut.-General Forbes Champagné - to the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General - Sir G. Lowry Cole, removed to the Thirty-fourth - regiment 9 - - ---- Appointment of Major-General Sir Kenneth - Alexander Howard, K.C.B., afterwards Earl - of Effingham, to the colonelcy, in succession - to Lieut.-General Champagné, deceased -- - - 1825 Authorized to resume the County title of the - Surrey regiment, and to discontinue the title - of the Glasgow Lowland regiment -- - - 1826 Continued on duty at different stations in Canada -- - - 1827 Embarked from Canada 10 - - ---- Proceeded to Ireland -- - - 1832 Appointment of Lieut.-General G. J. Hall to - the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General - Lord Howard of Effingham -- - - 1834 Formed into six Service, and four Depôt companies, - preparatory to embarkation for a foreign station -- - - ---- Service companies embarked from Cork for Gibraltar -- - - 1835 Depôt companies embarked from Ireland for Guernsey -- - - 1836 Service companies embarked from Gibraltar for Malta -- - - 1838 Service companies embarked from Malta for the West - Indies 10 - - ---- Depôt companies embarked from Guernsey for Ireland -- - - ---- The Royal Court of Guernsey passed an Act in - order to record in a permanent manner their - testimony of the good conduct and discipline - of the officers, non-commissioned officers, and - privates of the Seventieth regiment -- - - 1841 The Service companies embarked from the West Indies - for Canada 12 - - ---- Received the thanks of the Lieut.-General commanding - in the West Indies -- - - 1843 Embarked at Quebec for England 13 - - ---- Arrived at Portsmouth, and joined by the Depôt - companies from Ireland -- - - ---- Proceeded to Manchester -- - - 1845 Embarked for Ireland -- - - 1847 Establishment augmented to 1000 rank and file 14 - - 1848 Ordered to be held in readiness to embark for the - East Indies -- - - Conclusion 14 - - -1849. - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF - -THE SEVENTIETH REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - - YEAR PAGE - - 1758 John Parslow 15 - - 1760 Cyrus Trapaud -- - - 1778 William Tryon 16 - - 1783 John Earl of Suffolk 17 - - 1814 Honorable Sir G. Lowry Cole, K.B. -- - - 1816 Forbes Champagné 18 - - ---- Sir Kenneth Alexander Howard, G.C.B., afterwards - the Earl of Effingham 19 - - 1832 Gage John Hall 21 - - - - -PLATE. - - - Colours and Costume of the Regiment _to face Page_ 14 - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF - -THE SEVENTIETH, - -OR - -THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - -[Sidenote: 1756] - -The repose granted to Europe by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle -was interrupted by the aggressions, made by the French, on the -British territory in America. War between the two kingdoms -speedily followed; and a considerable augmentation was made to the -strength of the British army in the winter of 1755, and in the -spring of 1756. On that occasion a second battalion was added to -the THIRTY-FIRST regiment, then commanded by Major-General Henry -Holmes, and stationed in Great Britain. - -[Sidenote: 1758] - -In 1758 the second battalion of the THIRTY-FIRST foot was -constituted a regiment, which was numbered the “SEVENTIETH” in the -British line. It was stationed in North Britain; its facings were -light grey; it contained in its ranks many men who were natives of -Scotland, particularly of Glasgow, and they were commonly called -the “GLASGOW GREYS.” - -The colonelcy of the SEVENTIETH regiment was conferred on Colonel -John Parslow, from captain and lieut.-colonel in the first foot -guards; the lieut.-colonelcy on Charles Vignoles, from major in -the thirty-first regiment; and the majority on Robert Pigot, -senior captain of the thirty-first. The officers appointed to the -SEVENTIETH regiment were:-- - - -_Colonel_ John Parslow. - - _Lieut.-Colonel_ Charles Vignoles. - _Major_ Robert Pigot. - - -_Captains._ - - William Piers. - Hector Munro. - Hon. Spencer Compton. - D. Hamilton. - George Grant. - T. Grueber. - William Nesbit. - _Captain Lieut._ Jno. Fowle. - - -_Lieutenants._ - - John Crofton. - Rob. Clements. - J. Dumarsque. - A. Thompson. - Anthony Morgan. - William Tullock. - John Stevens. - M. Johnston. - A. Lysaght. - R. Bristow. - H. Norman. - Jas. Cusack. - William Smith. - Edward Hicks. - Geo. Whichcot. - Cha. Sutherland. - U. Pendergrast. - W. L. Hooker. - - -_Ensigns._ - - Geo. Williamson. - Cha. Gordon. - Robert Wilson. - Geo. Kinlock. - Rob. Orrock. - J. Rosenhagen. - Rob. Jephson. - Wm. Talbot. - - _Chaplain_, Tho. Parslow. - _Surgeon_, Sam. Bright. - _Adjutant_, W. L. Hooker. - _Quarter-Master_, Geo. Williamson. - - -[Sidenote: 1759] - -[Sidenote: 1760] - -From Scotland the regiment was removed to South Britain, in 1759, -and remained there during the seven years’ war. Colonel Parslow was -removed to the fifty-fourth regiment, in September, 1760, and the -colonelcy of the SEVENTIETH was conferred on Lieut.-Colonel Cyrus -Trapaud, of the Third or Buffs. - -[Sidenote: 1763] - -Peace having been concluded, the establishment of the regiment was -reduced in 1763; at the same time it was removed to Ireland. - -[Sidenote: 1764] - -In 1764 the regiment embarked from Ireland for the West Indies, -where it was stationed ten years. - -[Sidenote: 1768] - -By the Royal Warrant of the 19th December, 1768, the facings were -directed to be _black_. - -[Sidenote: 1774] - -The regiment sustained severe loss from the climate of the West -India Islands during the period it was employed there; and in 1774 -it returned to England much reduced in numbers. - -[Sidenote: 1775] - -[Sidenote: 1776] - -During the year 1775 the regiment was employed recruiting its -numbers in England, and in 1776 it marched to Scotland. - -[Sidenote: 1778] - -The regiment was stationed in Scotland until the early part of the -year 1778, when it embarked for North America, and was employed -in that part of the British dominions during the remainder of the -American war, which commenced in 1775, and ended in 1782. - -Lieut.-General Trapaud was removed in 1778 to the fifty-second -regiment, and was succeeded in the colonelcy of the SEVENTIETH by -Major-General William Tryon, from major in the first foot guards. - -[Sidenote: 1779] - -[Sidenote: 1780] - -The battalion companies of the regiment were stationed in the -northern provinces of America; but the flank companies were -detached southward. - -[Sidenote: 1781] - -In 1781 the regiment was stationed in Nova Scotia, and it remained -in that country during the two following years. - -[Sidenote: 1782] - -In 1782, the SEVENTIETH was designated the SURREY regiment, county -titles being adopted at this period in the army, pursuant to His -Majesty’s command, with a view of promoting the recruiting service -by cultivating a connexion with distinct parts of the kingdom. - -[Sidenote: 1783] - -Lieut.-General Tryon was removed, in 1783, to the twenty-ninth -regiment, and King George III. appointed Colonel the Earl of -Suffolk, from the ninety-seventh (afterwards disbanded) to the -colonelcy of the SEVENTIETH regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1784] - -Having been relieved from duty in North America, the regiment -returned to England in 1784. - -[Sidenote: 1785] - -[Sidenote: 1786] - -[Sidenote: 1787] - -The regiment occupied various quarters in England during the years -1785 and 1786, and in 1787 it proceeded to Ireland. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -While the regiment was stationed in Ireland, the French Revolution -involved Great Britain in war with France; and in 1793, the -SEVENTIETH regiment embarked from Ireland, under the command of -Colonel Eyre Coote, for the West Indies, to take part in an attack -on the French West India Islands. - -[Sidenote: 1794] - -An armament was assembled at Barbadoes in the beginning of 1794, -under the orders of General Sir Charles, afterwards Earl, Grey, for -the capture of _Martinique_, and the SEVENTIETH regiment had the -honor to take part in this enterprise. The grenadiers and light -infantry were formed in flank battalions, and Lieut.-Colonel Coote -commanded the first battalion of light infantry; the regiment was -commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Johnston. A landing was effected, at -three different points, on the island of Martinique on the 5th, -6th, and 8th of February; and the first light infantry, under -Lieut.-Colonel Coote of the SEVENTIETH, distinguished themselves -at the capture of the heights of Morne le Brun. The battalion -companies had also an opportunity of signalizing themselves. Sir -Charles Grey stated in his despatch,--“I received intelligence -of the enemy’s landing troops, and taking post on Morne Pied, to -cut off the communication between Brigadier-General Whyte and -head-quarters at Salée, and I ordered the SEVENTIETH regiment, -with two howitzers, to march on the same night and dislodge them, -which was executed with great spirit, and the post taken possession -of early on the morning of the 9th, under the good conduct of -Adjutant-General, Colonel Dundas, the SEVENTIETH regiment being -commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Johnston, and the enemy completely -defeated at the first charge.” The loss of the regiment on this -occasion was limited to a few private soldiers wounded. - -After a series of brilliant successes, possession was gained of -the greater part of the island; Fort Bourbon and Fort Royal were -besieged, and the garrisons forced to surrender,--the French troops -in the former delivering up five stand of colours, and those in -the latter two. These colours were sent to England, and lodged in -St. Paul’s Cathedral by a party of life guards and foot guards on -the 17th of May. Thus the British flag waved a second time over -Martinique, the island having been captured by the English in -1762, but restored to France by the peace of Fontainebleau in the -following year. - -In these successes of the British arms, in which the SEVENTIETH -regiment had the honor to share, the commander of the expedition -stated--“The spirit, unanimity, and perseverance of the navy and -army never were more conspicuous; nor has more cordial co-operation -ever been manifested between His Majesty’s naval and land forces. -In a word, the general and field officers, and the commanding -officers of corps, have set such an example of zeal, activity, and -animation in this service, which has been so laudably imitated by -all the officers and soldiers of this little army, that they merit -the greatest praise.” - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -Having sustained severe loss from the climate of the West Indies, -the SEVENTIETH regiment returned to Europe in May, 1795; it was -speedily recruited, and embarked for Gibraltar under the orders of -Lieut.-Colonel Coote. - -[Sidenote: 1796] - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -The regiment performed garrison duty at Gibraltar until February, -1800, when it embarked for the West Indies; six companies, -commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Arthur Wolfe, arrived at their -destination, and were stationed at Trinidad. The vessel containing -four companies, under Lieut.-Colonel Nichol, sprung a leak at sea, -and put into Lisbon harbour, from whence they were ordered to -proceed to the island of Jersey. - -[Sidenote: 1801] - -The six companies, which had proceeded to the West Indies, arrived -at Jersey in May, 1801, and the regiment proceeded to Dover. It was -one of the regiments forming the army of observation at Shornecliff -camp under Major-General (afterwards Sir John) Moore. - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -[Sidenote: 1803] - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -Peace was concluded with France in 1802; but hostilities were -resumed in 1803, and in the autumn of the same year the regiment -again embarked for the West Indies, under Lieut.-Colonel Andrew -Ross. It arrived at its destination in December, and was stationed -at the island of Antigua during the years 1804 and 1805. - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -In June, 1806, the head-quarters were removed to St. Christopher, -leaving two companies at Antigua, under Lieut.-Colonel Lewis Grant, -for one month, and they afterwards joined the regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1807] - -The policy of the Court of Denmark having become favourable to the -interests of the French, that country became involved in war with -Great Britain, in 1807, and in December of that year a detachment -of the SEVENTIETH regiment, under Lieut.-Colonel Ross, embarked -from St. Christopher with the expedition, under General Henry -Bowyer, against the Danish islands of _St. Thomas_ and _St. John_, -which surrendered to the British arms without firing a shot. The -regiment followed the detachment soon afterwards, and was stationed -at the island of St. Thomas. - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -During the years 1808 and 1809 the regiment was stationed at the -island of St. Thomas and its dependencies. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -In 1810 the flank companies of the regiment were selected to form -part of an expedition, under Lieut.-General Sir George Beckwith, -K.B., against the island of _Guadaloupe_, which had been restored -to the French at the peace of Amiens. The expedition arrived before -the island in January, 1810. The troops employed on this service -were formed into two divisions of two brigades in each: on the 30th -of January, Major-General (afterwards Sir Thomas) Hislop reported, -that the enemy having retained possession of the sea-batteries -commanding the anchorage in the Grande Aine, from which they -continued to fire on the British men of war, the Light Company -of the SEVENTIETH regiment was sent to dislodge them, which was -instantly effected, the party of the enemy escaping along shore. -The conquest of this important settlement was accomplished in nine -days; the Governor, Captain-General Ernouf, surrendering the colony -and its dependencies to the British arms, by articles dated the 6th -of February. - -In June of the same year, the officers, non-commissioned officers, -and drummers of four companies proceeded to Europe, in order to -replace the casualties arising from a long course of colonial -service, and formed a recruiting depôt, which was established at -Ayr, in Scotland, under the orders of Colonel Andrew Ross. This -officer was placed on the Staff of the army in the following year, -and proceeded to Cadiz, from whence he was removed to Carthagena, -where he died of an illness brought on by fatigue and service: he -attained the rank of Major-General before his decease. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -From Ayr the depôt was removed, in 1811, to Stirling Castle, under -Lieut.-Colonel Grant. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -The regiment was relieved from duty in the West Indies in the -early part of 1812, and, returning to Europe, joined the depôt at -Stirling Castle, in April and June of that year. - -On the 22nd of October, 1812, the Prince Regent, in the name and on -the behalf of His Majesty, was pleased to approve of the SEVENTIETH -being styled the GLASGOW LOWLAND REGIMENT. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -From Stirling Castle the regiment marched in January, 1813, to -Montrose, to assist the magistrates in suppressing riots: in -February it proceeded to Perth, and performed duty over French -prisoners about four months. - -In July the regiment proceeded to Ireland, where it only remained -a few days, before it received orders to embark for Canada, to -reinforce the British troops in that country in consequence of -the war between Great Britain and the United States. The regiment -embarked from Cork, on the 31st of August, under Major MacGregor, -and, arriving in Lower Canada in November, was stationed at Quebec. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -Lieut.-General the Honorable Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole, K.B., was -appointed Colonel of the SEVENTIETH regiment, from the 103rd foot, -in January, 1814, in succession to General the Earl of Suffolk, who -was removed to the forty-fourth regiment. - -After performing garrison duty at Quebec eight months, the regiment -proceeded to Montreal, from whence it was removed to Cornwall -in Upper Canada, and in August it was brigaded with the ninth, -sixteenth, and fifty-seventh, under Colonel Grant, on the line of -communication from Montreal to Kingston in Upper Canada. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -Peace was concluded with the United States in 1815, and in June -of that year the SEVENTIETH regiment was ordered to proceed to -Kingston. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -Lieut.-General Sir G. Lowry Cole was removed to the thirty-fourth -regiment in May, 1816, and was succeeded in the colonelcy -of the SEVENTIETH by Lieut.-General Forbes Champagné, from -colonel-commandant of a battalion of the Rifle Brigade. - -During this year the regiment remained at Kingston, and -Lieut.-Colonel Thomas Evans, C.B., assumed the command in August. - -Lieut.-General Champagné died in the autumn of the year 1816, -and the colonelcy of the regiment was conferred on Major-General -Sir Kenneth Alexander Howard, K.C.B., afterwards Lord Howard of -Effingham. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -In April, 1817, the regiment was removed, under the command of -Colonel Grant, to Fort George, Drummond’s Island, Amherstburg, the -posts on the Niagara frontier, and York, now called Toronto. - -[Sidenote: 1819] - -[Sidenote: 1820] - -The regiment was removed to Kingston, in June, 1819, and was -stationed at that place, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel -MacGregor; in November, 1820, Colonel Ottley arrived and assumed -the command of the regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1821] - -[Sidenote: 1822] - -From Kingston the regiment was removed in May, 1821, to Quebec, and -in May, 1822, Colonel Ottley proceeded to Europe on leave, when the -command again devolved on Lieut.-Colonel MacGregor. - -[Sidenote: 1823] - -[Sidenote: 1824] - -The regiment continued to occupy quarters in Canada during the -years 1823, 1824, 1825, and 1826. - -[Sidenote: 1825] - -[Sidenote: 1826] - -In 1825 the SEVENTIETH was permitted to resume the County title of -the SURREY regiment, conferred upon it in 1782, and to discontinue -the title of the Glasgow Lowland regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1827] - -In the summer of 1827 the regiment was relieved from duty in -Canada, and returning to Europe, arrived in Ireland in September; -it was stationed in that country six years. - -[Sidenote: 1832] - -The Earl of Effingham was removed to the third foot in 1832, and -the colonelcy of the SEVENTIETH was conferred on Lieut.-General -Gage John Hall, from the ninety-ninth regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1834] - -After occupying various stations in Ireland until the spring of -1834, the regiment was divided into six service, and four depôt -companies. The service companies embarked at Cork in March and -April, for Gibraltar, where they were stationed two years. - -[Sidenote: 1835] - -In 1835, the depôt companies were removed from Ireland to South -Britain, and were afterwards stationed at the island of Guernsey. - -[Sidenote: 1836] - -On the 16th of June, 1836, the service companies embarked at -Gibraltar for Malta, where they landed on the 3rd of July. - -[Sidenote: 1838] - -The service companies remained at Malta until January, 1838, when -they embarked for the West Indies, and were stationed at Barbadoes. - -In September of the same year the depôt companies returned to -Ireland. Previously to the depôt companies quitting Guernsey, -the following testimonial of the Royal Court of the Island was -presented to Major White, complimentary of that portion of the -regiment:-- - - - “_Court-house, Guernsey, 24th August, 1838._ - - “SIR,--To mark their high sense of the very meritorious conduct - of the depôt of the 70th regiment, under your command, the - Royal Court have passed, and entered on the public records, an - Act, which will convey to the latest posterity the grateful - remembrance of the inhabitants, of the honorable bearing of the - regiment since its arrival in this island. I have now the honor - to enclose a copy of that Act, under the seal of the bailiwick, - and to express the pleasure I feel in transmitting such a - testimonial of the esteem and consideration of the Court for the - regiment, knowing it to be so well merited. - - “It only remains for me, in conformity with that Act, and in the - name of the Royal Court, to thank you, Major White, and, through - you, the officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates of the - 70th regiment, for the uniform tenor of your and their conduct, - as honorable to the regiment, and as conducive to the peace and - harmony of the island. The good wishes of the inhabitants of - Guernsey will accompany the 70th at all times and in all places. - - “I have the honor to be, Sir, - “Your very obedient humble servant, - “DANIEL DE LISLE BROCK, - “Bailiff of Guernsey. - - “To Major White, commanding the depôt - of the 70th regiment, in Guernsey, &c.” - - - “_Island of Guernsey. The 23rd of August, 1838, before Daniel De - Lisle Brock, esq., Bailiff; present, John Guille, James Cary, - John Hubert, esqrs., Sir William Collings, knight, Hillary O. - Carré, Peter Bonamy, Dobrée Thomas, William Gosselin, Thomas Le - Retilley, and Harry Dobrée, esqrs., Jurats._ - - “The Royal Court specially assembled, advised of the approaching - departure of the depôt of the 70th regiment, deem it right to - express how much they have been flattered and gratified by their - honorable conduct during the time they have been in garrison in - this island,--conduct so honorable, that a simple letter from - the President would be inadequate to render the regiment the - justice that is due, were it not accompanied by an authentic - Act extracted from the insular archives. In consequence, the - Court, after having heard the opinions of the Crown Lawyers, have - unanimously framed the present Act, to record publicly their - esteem and thanks to Major White, the officers, non-commissioned - officers, and soldiers of the regiment, for their discipline, - good order, and the manner in which they have contributed - to maintain a good understanding between themselves and the - inhabitants. - - “CHARLES LEFEBVRE, - Her Majesty’s Greffier.” - -“In testimony of the above, the seal of the bailiwick of the said -island of Guernsey is affixed to this present Act. - - “DANIEL DE LISLE BROCK, - Bailiff of the island of Guernsey. - - “P. B. DOBRÉE, } - “THOMAS LE RETILLEY } Jurats.” - - -[Sidenote: 1841] - -From Barbadoes the service companies were removed, in May, 1841, -to Canada, and landed at Montreal in June. On their embarkation -for North America, Lieutenant-General Maister, commanding in the -West Indies, issued the following General Order, expressive of his -approbation of the appearance of the Regiment:-- - - “The Lieutenant-General was much gratified with his Inspection of - the SEVENTIETH regiment this morning (1st May, 1841) on board Her - Majesty’s troop-ship Sapphire. - - “The appearance of the men on board, as well as of the two - companies which the Lieutenant-General had an opportunity - of seeing on shore previous to their embarkation, reflects - much credit upon Major White, the officers, non-commissioned - officers, and soldiers of the corps; and although the - Lieutenant-General had not the opportunity of making his - Inspection so minutely as he could have desired, he is most - willing to believe, that, had he done so, it would have added to - the satisfaction he has experienced.” - - -[Sidenote: 1842] - -[Sidenote: 1843] - -The service companies were stationed in Canada during the year -1842. In May, 1843, they embarked at Quebec for England, under -the command of Lieut.-Colonel Joseph Kelsall, in Her Majesty’s -troop-ship Resistance; and, landing at Portsmouth on the 24th of -June, were afterwards joined by the depôt companies from Ireland. -Previous to leaving Canada seventy-two men of the SEVENTIETH -volunteered for permanent service to other regiments stationed in -North America. The regiment was moved from Portsmouth, in September -following, to Manchester, from whence it marched to Leeds in -October, with detached companies to Bradford, Sheffield, Halifax, -Huddersfield, and Keighley. - -[Sidenote: 1844] - -Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Kelsall retired on full pay on the 23rd -February, 1844, and was succeeded by Major Edward James White, who -was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. - -In October, 1844, the regiment returned to Manchester, where it -remained till April following. - -[Sidenote: 1845] - -In April, 1845, the regiment proceeded to Ireland and was stationed -at Newry, from whence it marched in September to Dublin. On the -30th December, 1845, Lieut.-Colonel E. J. White retired on full -pay, and Major Thomas Reed was promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy -of the regiment. - -[Sidenote: 1846] - -The regiment was removed from Dublin to Templemore in August, 1846. - -[Sidenote: 1847] - -On the 1st April, 1847, the regiment was augmented to an -establishment of 57 serjeants, 21 drummers, and one thousand rank -and file. Major William Matthew Bigge was promoted to the rank of -lieutenant-colonel on the 23rd April, 1847, on the retirement of -Lieut.-Colonel Reed. - -[Sidenote: 1848] - -Events in the East Indies having rendered reinforcements necessary, -the sixty-fourth, SEVENTIETH, and eighty-third regiments have -been selected for embarkation for India,--the SEVENTIETH being -ordered to proceed to the Bengal Presidency, where the regiment may -probably have an opportunity of distinguishing itself in a more -signal, though not less useful, manner than a long tour of Colonial -Service has afforded. - - * * * * * - -The foregoing statement of the services of the SEVENTIETH regiment -shows the long, and unavoidable, detention of the corps on West -India service, and that such was the cause of its not having had -an opportunity of sharing in the splendid victories obtained by -other regiments which were engaged in the Continental wars:--While -the regiment was employed in an apparently inactive state on -Colonial duty, the Government, and the Commander-in-Chief, were -enabled to send other disposable regiments to combat the enemy in -the Peninsula, and on various expeditions in Europe; the conquered -Islands in the West Indies were consequently entrusted to a few -corps, of which the SEVENTIETH regiment was one, and on which full -reliance could be placed by the Sovereign, and by the Country. - - -1848. - - -[Illustration: SEVENTIETH REGIMENT (Colours and Costume)] - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF THE - -SEVENTIETH, - -OR - -THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT. - - -JOHN PARSLOW, - -_Appointed 28th April, 1758_. - -JOHN PARSLOW was many years an officer in the First Regiment of -Foot Guards, in which corps he rose to the rank of captain and -lieut.-colonel on the 18th of May, 1747. In 1758 King George II. -conferred upon him the colonelcy of the SEVENTIETH regiment, from -which he was removed, in 1760, to the Fifty-fourth regiment. He -was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1761, to that of -lieut.-general in 1770, and of general in 1782. He was removed to -the Thirtieth regiment in April, 1770. He died at Bath on the 15th -of November, 1786. - - -CYRUS TRAPAUD, - -_Appointed 10th July, 1760_. - -CYRUS TRAPAUD, descended from a family of distinction in France, -was related to Marshal Turenne and other noblemen in that country: -his father was a Protestant, and was forced by persecution to seek -an asylum in England. Cyrus Trapaud entered the British army, and -was many years an officer in the Buffs. He accompanied his regiment -to the Netherlands in 1742, served at the battle of Dettingen -in 1743, and of Fontenoy in 1745. Returning to Great Britain -in the same year, he served, in 1746, at the battles of Falkirk -and Culloden. In 1747 he again proceeded to the Netherlands, and -served at the battle of Val. On the 3rd of February, 1750, he -was appointed lieut.-colonel of the Buffs, and commanded that -regiment in the expedition to the coast of France, in 1757. He -served at the attack of Martinique, and commanded a brigade at the -reduction of Guadaloupe in 1759. In 1760 he was rewarded with the -colonelcy of the SEVENTIETH regiment; he was promoted to the rank -of major-general in 1762, and to that of lieut.-general in 1772; -was removed to the Fifty-second regiment in 1778, and promoted -to the rank of general in 1783. He was conspicuous for courage, -and for the exact performance of every duty both of public and -private life, united with a kind and gentlemanly deportment, which -procured him the esteem of all who knew him. He lived to be the -senior general in the army, and dying on the 3rd of May, 1801, was -buried with military honors at Chelsea, many distinguished persons -attending his funeral. - - -WILLIAM TRYON, - -_Appointed 14th May, 1778_. - -This Officer served many years in the First Foot Guards, in which -corps he was promoted to the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel -in 1758; in May, 1772, he was advanced to the rank of colonel, -and in 1776 he was nominated major in his regiment. He was -appointed governor of the state of North Carolina, where he -evinced great zeal and ability in suppressing the rising seeds of -insurrection, and he conciliated the loyal British subjects. Being -afterwards called to the government of New York, his abilities -were conspicuously displayed there during the American War of -Independence. He raised a body of Provincials for the King’s -service, and evinced gallantry in several military services, -particularly in the expedition to Danbury in the spring of 1777. -He was promoted to the rank of major-general in the same year, and -to that of lieut.-general in 1782. In 1778 he was rewarded with -the colonelcy of the SEVENTIETH regiment, and was removed to the -Twenty-ninth in 1783. He died in 1788. - - -JOHN, EARL OF SUFFOLK, - -_Appointed 16th August, 1783_. - -JOHN HOWARD was page to His Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, -and entered the army as ensign in the First Foot Guards, on the -13th of June, 1756; he was promoted to the rank of captain and -lieut.-colonel in 1773. In 1782 he was nominated colonel of the -Ninety-seventh regiment, afterwards disbanded; he succeeded to -the dignity of EARL OF SUFFOLK in 1783, and was removed to the -SEVENTIETH regiment in the same year. He was promoted to the rank -of major-general in 1787, to that of lieut.-general in 1797, and -of general in 1802. In 1814 he was removed to the Forty-fourth -regiment. He was many years governor of Londonderry and of Calmore -fort. His Lordship died in 1820. - - -THE HONORABLE SIR GALBRAITH LOWRY COLE, K.B., - -_Appointed 12th January, 1814_. - -THE HONORABLE GALBRAITH LOWRY COLE entered the army in March, 1787, -and after serving in the subordinate commissions, was advanced -to the rank of major in 1793, when the struggle between Great -Britain and the revolutionists of France had commenced; and the -progress of the eventful contest which followed, afforded him -opportunities for the display of those professional abilities -which he possessed. In 1794 he was appointed lieut.-colonel in -Ward’s regiment, afterwards disbanded; and in 1799 he was nominated -lieut.-colonel in General Villette’s corps, afterwards disbanded; -in 1801 he obtained the rank of colonel. He served in the island -of Sicily, as brigadier-general, and commanded the first brigade -at the battle of Maida on the 4th of July, 1806; Major-General Sir -John Stuart, afterwards Count of Maida, bore testimony, in his -public despatch, to the gallant conduct of Brigadier-General the -Hon. G. L. Cole on that occasion, which reflected lustre on the -British arms. In 1808 he was promoted to the rank of major-general. -His services were afterwards extended to the Peninsula, where -he commanded a division during the campaigns from 1810 to the -overthrow of Napoleon, Emperor of France, and the restoration of -the Bourbon dynasty in 1814. His distinguished services during -those campaigns are blended with the military annals of the -Peninsula, and the public despatches of the Duke of Wellington -bear testimony of his excellent conduct during many difficult -operations, severely contested battles, and sieges. He received the -local rank of lieut.-general in Spain and Portugal in 1810; was -appointed colonel of the 103rd regiment in 1812; and obtained the -rank of lieut.-general in 1813. He was nominated a Knight of the -most Honorable Military Order of the Bath, and on the extension of -that order, in 1815, he received the decorations of Knight Grand -Cross of the Bath. In commemoration of his distinguished services -in Sicily, Portugal, Spain, and the South of France, he received -the distinction of a cross and four clasps, for the battles of -Maida, Albuhera, Salamanca, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Orthes, -and Toulouse. In 1814 he was removed to the SEVENTIETH regiment; -in 1816 to the Thirty-fourth; and in 1826 to the Twenty-seventh -regiment. He was appointed governor of Gravesend and Tilbury Fort; -and in 1830 promoted to the rank of general. He died in 1842. - - -FORBES CHAMPAGNÉ, - -_Appointed 21st May, 1816_. - -This officer was appointed ensign in the Fourth foot in 1773; he -was stationed at Boston when the American war commenced, and was -engaged at Lexington on the 19th of April, 1775. He was promoted to -the rank of lieutenant in the same year, and attached to the first -light battalion, with which he served in 1776, at the descent on -Long Island, battle of Brooklyn, capture of New York, action at -Frog’s Neck, capture of Fort Washington, and capture of New Jersey. -In 1777 he served in the expedition to Pennsylvania, and was at the -battles of Brandywine and Germantown: and in the march through the -Jerseys, in 1778, he was engaged at Freehold. He was promoted to -captain in the Twenty-third regiment in 1779, and was removed to -the mounted light infantry in 1780. He served in the expedition to -South Carolina, was at the siege of Charleston, at the battles of -Camden, and Guildford Court-house, and in all the actions in which -the troops under Major-General the Earl Cornwallis were engaged, in -the two Carolinas and in Virginia, ending with the capitulation of -York Town. He returned to England at the end of the war. In 1793 he -was appointed major, and afterwards lieut.-colonel of the Eightieth -regiment, with which corps he served in the Netherlands at the -siege of Nimeguen, and during the winter campaign of 1794-5 in -Holland. In 1795 he was removed to the Twentieth foot, and in 1797 -was promoted to the rank of colonel. He served as brigadier-general -in Ireland, during the rebellion in 1798, and in 1799 in the -expedition to Holland. In 1800 he was placed on the staff of the -south-west district; and was promoted to the rank of major-general -in 1803. In 1806 he was nominated to the command of the western -district, and to the colonelcy of the Eighth Garrison Battalion. -In May, 1807, he was placed on the staff in the East Indies, -where he served some time. He was appointed colonel-commandant of -a battalion of the Rifle Brigade in 1809,--promoted to the rank -of lieut.-general in 1810, and removed to the colonelcy of the -SEVENTIETH regiment, in May, 1816. He died on the 22nd of October, -1816. - - -SIR KENNETH ALEXANDER HOWARD, G.C.B., - -afterwards - -LORD HOWARD, EARL OF EFFINGHAM, - -_Appointed 24th October, 1816_. - -This officer entered the army, as ensign in the second (Coldstream) -foot guards, on the 21st April, 1786, and on the 25th February, -1793, embarked for Flanders, and served during the campaign in -that country; on the 25th April, 1793, he obtained a lieutenancy, -and on the 1st September the adjutancy. He continued to serve with -his regiment on the Continent till May, 1795, when the troops -returned to England. He was wounded at the battle of St. Amand; -and was present at the siege and capture of Valenciennes, action -of Lincelles, and siege of Dunkirk. On the 30th of December, 1797, -he was promoted to a captain-lieutenancy; and to a company on the -25th of July, 1799. On the 13th of June, 1793, he was appointed -major of brigade to the foot guards sent to Ireland, where he -served during the whole of the rebellion. In August, 1799, he -served in the same capacity with the expedition to Holland, and -was present in all the actions. On the 1st of July, 1801, he -was deputed to act as inspector-general of foreign corps during -the absence from England of Colonel W. Clinton; and on that -officer’s return he was appointed on the 25th of February, 1802, -deputy inspector-general of foreign corps; on that office being -abolished, he was nominated commandant of the foreign depôt. On -the 1st of January, 1805, he was appointed Aide-de-Camp to the -King, and received the rank of colonel; on the 4th of August, -1808, second major in his regiment; and on the 25th of July, 1810, -major-general. He joined the army in the Peninsula on the 9th of -January, 1811, and was appointed to the command of a brigade in the -first division, and was present with it at the action at Fuentes -d’Onor on the 5th of May; he was afterwards transferred with his -brigade to the second division, the command of which he held, as -senior officer, from July, 1811, to April, 1812; he commanded the -right column at the action of Arroyo dos Molinos; stormed and took -with part of his brigade the forts Napoleon and Ragusa at Almaraz. -In November, 1812, he was appointed to the command of the first -brigade of foot guards in the first division, and in June, 1813, -to the command of the division, which he held until the end of the -Peninsular war in 1814, being present at the battle of Vittoria, -attack on Tolosa, passage of the Bidassoa, Nivelle, Nive, and -Adour; investment of Bayonne, and repulse of the sortie, besides -various minor actions. Major-General Howard received a medal and -one clasp for Vittoria and Nive. He was subsequently appointed -Lieutenant-Governor of Portsmouth,--a Knight Companion of the -Most Honorable Military Order of the Bath,--and, on the 24th of -October, 1816, he was appointed by the Prince Regent, in the name, -and on the behalf, of His Majesty King George III., Colonel of -the SEVENTIETH regiment. He succeeded Richard, the late Earl of -Effingham, in the Barony, when the earldom became extinct, on the -11th of December, 1816. On the 12th of August, 1819, Lord Howard -of Effingham was advanced to the rank of lieut.-general, and on -the 17th of March, 1820, was nominated a Knight Grand Cross of -the Order of the Bath. On the 30th of January, 1832, his Lordship -was removed from the SEVENTIETH regiment to the Third foot, or -the Buffs. On the 10th of January, 1837, his Lordship was further -advanced to the rank of general, and on the 21st of that month was -created, by His Majesty King William IV., Earl of Effingham. - -His Lordship’s decease occurred at Brighton on the 13th February, -1845. - - -GAGE JOHN HALL, - -_Appointed 30th January, 1832_. - - - - - LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET, - FOR HER MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. - - Pg xxiii: (ToC) added page number ‘ix’ to INTRODUCTION entry. - Pg 6: ‘Great Britian’ replaced by ‘Great Britain’. - - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE SEVENTIETH, -OR, THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT : CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION -OF THE REGIMENT IN 1758, AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES TO 1848 *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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-} - -.transnote p {text-indent: 0em;} - - -/* Illustration classes */ - -.illowp50 {width: 50%;} -.illowp65 {width: 65%;} - - </style> - </head> - - -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Historical Record of the Seventieth, or, The Surrey Regiment of Foot : containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1758, and of its subsequent services to 1848, by Richard Cannon</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Historical Record of the Seventieth, or, The Surrey Regiment of Foot : containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1758, and of its subsequent services to 1848</p> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Richard Cannon</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: November 12, 2021 [eBook #66719]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library.)</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE SEVENTIETH, OR, THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT : CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT IN 1758, AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES TO 1848 ***</div> - - -<div class="transnote"> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>Footnote anchors are denoted by <span class="fnanchor">[number]</span>, and the footnotes have been -placed at the end of the <span class="smcap">‘Introduction’</span> section.</p> - -<p>Some minor changes to the text are noted at the <a href="#TN">end of the book.</a> -<span class="screenonly">These are indicated by a <ins class="corr">dotted gray</ins> underline.</span></p> -</div> - - -<div class="figcenter illowp50" style="max-width: 35em;"> -<img class="w100" src="images/cover.jpg" title="original cover" alt="original cover" /> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<h1> -<span class="lsp2">HISTORICAL RECORD</span><br /> -<span class="fs60">OF</span><br /> -<span class="fs135">THE SEVENTIETH,</span><br /> -<span class="fs60">OR</span><br /> -<span class="fs120">THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT.</span><br /> -</h1> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">CONTAINING</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs100 lht"> AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT<br /> -IN 1758,</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100 lht">AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES<br /> -TO 1848.</p> - -<hr class="p3 r30" /> -<p class="pfs60">COMPILED BY</p> - -<p class="pfs100">RICHARD CANNON, <span class="smcap">Esq.</span>,</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs60 lsp">ADJUTANT-GENERAL’S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS.</p> -<hr class="r30" /> - -<p class="p3 pfs90">LONDON:</p> -<p class="pfs100 lsp2">PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER,</p> -<p class="pfs80">30, CHARING-CROSS.</p> - -<hr class="r5a" /> -<p class="pfs60">MDCCCXLIX.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<p class="p10 pfs60">LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET,<br /> -FOR HER MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_i"></a>[Pg i]</span><br /></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak lsp2" id="GENERAL_ORDERS">GENERAL ORDERS.</h2> -</div> - - -<hr class="r30a" /> -<hr class="r30b" /> - -<p class="p2 right fs80"><em>HORSE-GUARDS</em>,</p> -<p class="right fs80"><em>1st January, 1836</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent">His Majesty has been pleased to command that, -with the view of doing the fullest justice to Regiments, -as well as to Individuals who have distinguished -themselves by their Bravery in Action -with the Enemy, an Account of the Services of -every Regiment in the British Army shall be published -under the superintendence and direction of -the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall -contain the following particulars, viz.:—</p> - -<div class="blockquoty"> - -<p>—— The Period and Circumstances of the Original -Formation of the Regiment; The Stations at which it -has been from time to time employed; The Battles, -Sieges, and other Military Operations in which it has -been engaged, particularly specifying any Achievement -it may have performed, and the Colours, -Trophies, &c., it may have captured from the -Enemy.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of the Officers, and the number of -Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or -Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the place and -Date of the Action.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_ii"></a>[ii]</span></p> - -<p>—— The Names of those Officers who, in consideration -of their Gallant Services and Meritorious -Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have -been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other -Marks of His Majesty’s gracious favour.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned -Officers, and Privates, as may have -specially signalized themselves in Action.</p> -</div> - -<p>And,</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>—— The Badges and Devices which the Regiment -may have been permitted to bear, and the -Causes on account of which such Badges or Devices, -or any other Marks of Distinction, have been -granted.</p> -</div> - - -<p class="right padr2">By Command of the Right Honorable</p> -<p class="right padr4">GENERAL LORD HILL,</p> -<p class="right"><em>Commanding-in-Chief</em>.</p> - -<p class="p2 right smcap">John Macdonald,</p> -<p class="right padr2"><em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_iii"></a>[iii]</span><br /></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak lsp2" id="PREFACE">PREFACE.</h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r15" /> - -<p class="noindent">The character and credit of the British Army must -chiefly depend upon the zeal and ardour by which -all who enter into its service are animated, and -consequently it is of the highest importance that any -measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, -by which alone great and gallant actions are achieved, -should be adopted.</p> - -<p>Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment -of this desirable object than a full display of the noble -deeds with which the Military History of our country -abounds. To hold forth these bright examples to -the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those -who have preceded him in their honorable career, -are among the motives that have given rise to the -present publication.</p> - -<p>The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, -announced in the “London Gazette,” from whence -they are transferred into the public prints: the -achievements of our armies are thus made known at -the time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_iv"></a>[iv]</span> -of praise and admiration to which they are entitled. -On extraordinary occasions, the Houses of Parliament -have been in the habit of conferring on the Commanders, -and the Officers and Troops acting under -their orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks -for their skill and bravery; and these testimonials, -confirmed by the high honour of their Sovereign’s -approbation, constitute the reward which the soldier -most highly prizes.</p> - -<p>It has not, however, until late years, been the practice -(which appears to have long prevailed in some of -the Continental armies) for British Regiments to keep -regular records of their services and achievements. -Hence some difficulty has been experienced in obtaining, -particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services.</p> - -<p>This defect will now be remedied, in consequence -of His Majesty having been pleased to command -that every Regiment shall, in future, keep a full and -ample record of its services at home and abroad.</p> - -<p>From the materials thus collected, the country -will henceforth derive information as to the difficulties -and privations which chequer the career of those who -embrace the military profession. In Great Britain, -where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, -and commerce, and where these pursuits have, for so<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_v"></a>[v]</span> -long a period, being undisturbed by the <em>presence of -war</em>, which few other countries have escaped, comparatively -little is known of the vicissitudes of active -service and of the casualties of climate, to which, -even during peace, the British Troops are exposed in -every part of the globe, with little or no interval of -repose.</p> - -<p>In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which -the country derives from the industry and the enterprise -of the agriculturist and the trader, its happy -inhabitants may be supposed not often to reflect on -the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,—on -their sufferings,—and on the sacrifice of valuable life, -by which so many national benefits are obtained and -preserved.</p> - -<p>The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, -and endurance, have shone conspicuously under great -and trying difficulties; and their character has been -established in Continental warfare by the irresistible -spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the -gallantry and steadiness with which they have maintained -their advantages against superior numbers.</p> - -<p>In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, -ample justice has generally been done to -the gallant exertions of the Corps employed; but -the details of their services and of acts of individual<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_vi"></a>[vi]</span> -bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments.</p> - -<p>These Records are now preparing for publication, -under his Majesty’s special authority, by Mr. -<span class="smcap">Richard Cannon</span>, Principal Clerk of the Adjutant -General’s Office; and while the perusal of them cannot -fail to be useful and interesting to military men -of every rank, it is considered that they will also -afford entertainment and information to the general -reader, particularly to those who may have served in -the Army, or who have relatives in the Service.</p> - -<p>There exists in the breasts of most of those who -have served, or are serving, in the Army, an <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Esprit -de Corps</i>—an attachment to everything belonging -to their Regiment; to such persons a narrative of -the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of -the great, the valiant, the loyal, have always been -of paramount interest with a brave and civilized -people. Great Britain has produced a race of heroes -who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood -“firm as the rocks of their native shore:” and when -half the world has been arrayed against them, they -have fought the battles of their Country with unshaken -fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,—victories so complete and surprising, -gained by our countrymen, our brothers,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_vii"></a>[vii]</span> -our fellow citizens in arms,—a record which revives -the memory of the brave, and brings their gallant -deeds before us,—will certainly prove acceptable to -the public.</p> - -<p>Biographical Memoirs of the Colonels and other -distinguished Officers will be introduced in the -Records of their respective Regiments, and the -Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying -the value and importance of its services, will be -faithfully set forth.</p> - -<p>As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record -of each Regiment will be printed in a distinct number, -so that when the whole shall be completed, the -Parts may be bound up in numerical succession.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_viii"></a>[viii]</span><br /> - <span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_ix"></a>[ix]</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="INTRODUCTION">INTRODUCTION<br /> - -<span class="fs60">TO</span><br /> - -<span class="fs120 lsp2">THE INFANTRY.</span></h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r20a" /> -<hr class="r20a" /> - - -<p class="p2 noindent">The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been -celebrated for innate courage and unshaken firmness, -and the national superiority of the British troops -over those of other countries has been evinced in -the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains -so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, -that no doubts can be raised upon the facts which -are recorded. It must therefore be admitted, that -the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is -<span class="smcap">Intrepidity</span>. This quality was evinced by the -inhabitants of England when their country was -invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army, on -which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into -the sea to attack the Roman soldiers as they descended -from their ships; and, although their discipline -and arms were inferior to those of their -adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing -intimidated the flower of the Roman troops, including -Cæsar’s favourite tenth legion. Their arms -consisted of spears, short swords, and other weapons -of rude construction. They had chariots, to the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_x"></a>[x]</span> -axles of which were fastened sharp pieces of iron -resembling scythe-blades, and infantry in long -chariots resembling waggons, who alighted and -fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit -or retreat, sprang into the chariot and drove off -with the speed of cavalry. These inventions were, -however, unavailing against Cæsar’s legions: in -the course of time a military system, with discipline -and subordination, was introduced, and -British courage, being thus regulated, was exerted -to the greatest advantage; a full development of -the national character followed, and it shone forth -in all its native brilliancy.</p> - -<p>The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted -principally of infantry: Thanes, and other men of -property, however, fought on horseback. The -infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. -The former carried large shields armed with spikes, -long broad swords and spears; and the latter were -armed with swords or spears only. They had also -men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and -javelins.</p> - -<p>The feudal troops established by William the -Conqueror consisted (as already stated in the Introduction -to the Cavalry) almost entirely of horse; -but when the warlike barons and knights, with their -trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion -of men appeared on foot, and, although -these were of inferior degree, they proved stout-hearted -Britons of stanch fidelity. When stipendiary -troops were employed, infantry always constituted -a considerable portion of the military force;<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xi"></a>[xi]</span> -and this <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">arme</i> has since acquired, in every quarter -of the globe, a celebrity never exceeded by the -armies of any nation at any period.</p> - -<p>The weapons carried by the infantry, during the -several reigns succeeding the Conquest, were bows -and arrows, half-pikes, lances, halberds, various -kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour -was worn on the head and body, and in course of -time the practice became general for military men -to be so completely cased in steel, that it was -almost impossible to slay them.</p> - -<p>The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the -destructive purposes of war, in the early part of the -fourteenth century, produced a change in the arms -and equipment of the infantry-soldier. Bows and -arrows gave place to various kinds of fire-arms, but -British archers continued formidable adversaries; -and, owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect -bore of the fire-arms when first introduced, -a body of men, well trained in the use of the bow -from their youth, was considered a valuable acquisition -to every army, even as late as the sixteenth -century.</p> - -<p>During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth -each company of infantry usually consisted of -men armed five different ways; in every hundred -men forty were “<em>men-at-arms</em>,” and sixty “<em>shot</em>;” -the “men-at-arms” were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe -men, and thirty pikemen; and the “shot” were -twenty archers, twenty musketeers, and twenty -harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides his -principal weapon, a sword and dagger.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xii"></a>[xii]</span></p> - -<p>Companies of infantry varied at this period in -numbers from 150 to 300 men; each company had -a colour or ensign, and the mode of formation recommended -by an English military writer (Sir John -Smithe) in 1590 was:—the colour in the centre of -the company guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen -in equal proportions, on each flank of the -halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank of -the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers, -and the harquebusiers (whose arms were -much lighter than the muskets then in use) in equal -proportions on each flank of the company for skirmishing.<a id="FNanchor_1" href="#Footnote_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> -It was customary to unite a number of companies -into one body, called a <span class="smcap">Regiment</span>, which -frequently amounted to three thousand men: but -each company continued to carry a colour. Numerous -improvements were eventually introduced in the -construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found -impossible to make armour proof against the muskets -then in use (which carried a very heavy ball) without -its being too weighty for the soldier, armour was -gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth -century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse, -and the infantry were reduced to two classes, -viz.: <em>musketeers</em>, armed with matchlock muskets,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xiii"></a>[xiii]</span> -swords, and daggers; and <em>pikemen</em>, armed with pikes -from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords.</p> - -<p>In the early part of the seventeenth century -Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, reduced the -strength of regiments to 1000 men. He caused the -gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in -flasks, or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing -a charge, to be made up into cartridges, and -carried in pouches; and he formed each regiment -into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division -of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming -four regiments into a brigade; and the number -of colours was afterwards reduced to three in each -regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that -his infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated -Polish horsemen and Austrian cuirassiers; and his -armies became the admiration of other nations. His -mode of formation was copied by the English, -French, and other European states; but so great -was the prejudice in favour of ancient customs, that -all his improvements were not adopted until near a -century afterwards.</p> - -<p>In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service, -styled the Admiral’s regiment. In 1678 -each company of 100 men usually consisted of 30 -pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with -light firelocks. In this year the King added a company -of men armed with hand grenades to each of -the old British regiments, which was designated the -“grenadier company.” Daggers were so contrived -as to fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xiv"></a>[xiv]</span> -similar to those at present in use were adopted about -twenty years afterwards.</p> - -<p>An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by -order of King James II., to guard the artillery, and -was designated the Royal Fusiliers (now 7th Foot). -This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did -not carry pikes.</p> - -<p>King William III. incorporated the Admiral’s -regiment in the second Foot Guards, and raised -two Marine regiments for sea-service. During the -war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting -the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 -pikemen and 46 musketeers; the captains carried -pikes; lieutenants, partisans; ensigns, half-pikes; -and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in 1697 the -Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again -formed on the breaking out of the war in 1702.<a id="FNanchor_2" href="#Footnote_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a></p> - -<p>During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were -laid aside, and every infantry soldier was armed -with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the grenadiers -ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades; -and the regiments were directed to lay aside -their third colour: the corps of Royal Artillery was -first added to the Army in this reign.</p> - -<p>About the year 1745, the men of the battalion -companies of infantry ceased to carry swords; during<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xv"></a>[xv]</span> -the reign of George II. light companies were added -to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of -General Officers recommended that the grenadiers -should lay aside their swords, as that weapon had -never been used during the Seven Years’ War. Since -that period the arms of the infantry soldier have been -limited to the musket and bayonet.</p> - -<p>The arms and equipment of the British Troops have -seldom differed materially, since the Conquest, from -those of other European states; and in some respects -the arming has, at certain periods, been allowed to -be inferior to that of the nations with whom they -have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage, -the bravery and superiority of the British infantry -have been evinced on very many and most trying -occasions, and splendid victories have been gained -over very superior numbers.</p> - -<p>Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like -champions who have dared to confront a host of -foes, and have proved themselves valiant with any -arms. At <em>Crecy</em>, King Edward III., at the head of -about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, -1346, Philip King of France, whose army is said to -have amounted to 100,000 men; here British valour -encountered veterans of renown:—the King of Bohemia, -the King of Majorca, and many princes and -nobles were slain, and the French army was routed -and cut to pieces. Ten years afterwards, Edward -Prince of Wales, who was designated the Black -Prince, defeated, at <em>Poictiers</em>, with 14,000 men, -a French army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, -and took John I., King of France, and his son<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xvi"></a>[xvi]</span> -Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October, 1415, -King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 -men, although greatly exhausted by marches, privations, -and sickness, defeated, at <em>Agincourt</em>, the -Constable of France, at the head of the flower of -the French nobility and an army said to amount to -60,000 men, and gained a complete victory.</p> - -<p>During the seventy years’ war between the United -Provinces of the Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy, -which commenced in 1578 and terminated -in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the -States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable -spirit and firmness;<a id="FNanchor_3" href="#Footnote_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> and in the thirty -years’ war between the Protestant Princes and the -Emperor of Germany, the British Troops in the service -of Sweden and other states were celebrated for -deeds of heroism.<a id="FNanchor_4" href="#Footnote_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> In the wars of Queen Anne, -the fame of the British army under the great -<span class="smcap">Marlborough</span> was spread throughout the world; -and if we glance at the achievements performed -within the memory of persons now living, there is -abundant proof that the Britons of the present age -are not inferior to their ancestors in the qualities<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xvii"></a>[xvii]</span> -which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds -of the brave men, of whom there are many now -surviving, who fought in Egypt in 1801, under the -brave Abercromby, and compelled the French army, -which had been vainly styled <em>Invincible</em>, to evacuate -that country; also the services of the gallant -Troops during the arduous campaigns in the Peninsula, -under the immortal <span class="smcap">Wellington</span>; and the -determined stand made by the British Army at -Waterloo, where Napoleon Bonaparte, who had -long been the inveterate enemy of Great Britain, -and had sought and planned her destruction by -every means he could devise, was compelled to -leave his vanquished legions to their fate, and to -place himself at the disposal of the British Government. -These achievements, with others of recent -dates in the distant climes of India, prove that the -same valour and constancy which glowed in the -breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, Agincourt, -Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the -Britons of the nineteenth century.</p> - -<p>The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust -and muscular frame,—intrepidity which no danger -can appal,—unconquerable spirit and resolution,—patience -in fatigue and privation, and cheerful obedience -to his superiors. These qualities, united with -an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate -and give a skilful direction to the energies and -adventurous spirit of the hero, and a wise selection -of officers of superior talent to command, whose -presence inspires confidence,—have been the leading -causes of the splendid victories gained by the British<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xviii"></a>[xviii]</span> -arms.<a id="FNanchor_5" href="#Footnote_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> The fame of the deeds of the past and -present generations in the various battle fields where -the robust sons of Albion have fought and conquered, -surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory; -these achievements will live in the page of history to -the end of time.</p> - -<p>The records of the several regiments will be found -to contain a detail of facts of an interesting character, -connected with the hardships, sufferings, and gallant -exploits of British soldiers in the various parts of the -world, where the calls of their Country and the commands -of their Sovereign have required them to -proceed in the execution of their duty, whether in<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xix"></a>[xix]</span> -active continental operations, or in maintaining colonial -territories in distant and unfavourable climes.</p> - -<p>The superiority of the British infantry has been -pre-eminently set forth in the wars of six centuries, -and admitted by the greatest commanders which -Europe has produced. The formations and movements -of this <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">arme</i>, as at present practised, while -they are adapted to every species of warfare, and to -all probable situations and circumstances of service, -are calculated to show forth the brilliancy of military -tactics calculated upon mathematical and scientific -principles. Although the movements and evolutions -have been copied from the continental armies, yet -various improvements have from time to time been -introduced, to insure that simplicity and celerity by -which the superiority of the national military character -is maintained. The rank and influence which -Great Britain has attained among the nations of the -world, have in a great measure been purchased by -the valour of the Army, and to persons who have the -welfare of their country at heart, the records of the -several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting.</p> - - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_1" href="#FNanchor_1" class="label">[1]</a> A company of 200 men would appear thus:—</p> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary="Structure of a company"> -<tr><td colspan="4"></td><td> <img src="images/flag.jpg" width="20" alt="flag" /></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">30</td><td class="tdc">20</td> - <td class="tdc">30</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc wd10">20</td><td class="tdc wd10">20</td><td class="tdc"></td></tr> -<tr class="fs80"><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Harquebuses.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Muskets.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Halberds.</td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Muskets.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Harquebuses.</td></tr> -<tr class="fs80"><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Archers.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Pikes.</td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Pikes.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Archers.</td></tr> -</table> - -<p>The musket carried a ball which weighed 1/10th of a pound; and the -harquebus a ball which weighed 1/25th of a pound.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_2" href="#FNanchor_2" class="label">[2]</a> The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps -in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign of -Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under -Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and -in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at -the siege of Barcelona in 1705.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_3" href="#FNanchor_3" class="label">[3]</a> The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed -in 1590, observes:—“I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation -would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the field, -let them be chosen where they list.” Yet at this time the Spanish -infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe. For -instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during the -Seventy Years’ War, see the Historical Record of the Third Foot, or -Buffs.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_4" href="#FNanchor_4" class="label">[4]</a> <em>Vide</em> the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of -Foot.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_5" href="#FNanchor_5" class="label">[5]</a> “Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes -the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in Egypt to -that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but His Majesty -desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed on the consideration -of every part of the army, that it has been a strict observance of order, discipline, -and military system, which has given the full energy to the -native valour of the troops, and has enabled them proudly to assert the -superiority of the national military character, in situations uncommonly -arduous, and under circumstances of peculiar difficulty.”—<cite>General -Orders in 1801.</cite></p> - -<p>In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope (afterwards -Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the successful result -of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January, 1809, it is stated:—“On -no occasion has the undaunted valour of British troops ever been more -manifest. At the termination of a severe and harassing march, rendered -necessary by the superiority which the enemy had acquired, and -which had materially impaired the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages -were to be encountered. These have all been surmounted by -the conduct of the troops themselves; and the enemy has been taught, -that whatever advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there -is inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows not -how to yield,—that no circumstances can appal,—and that will ensure -victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any human means.”</p> - -</div> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxiii"></a>[xxiii]</span><br /></p> - -<p class="p2 pfs120">THE SEVENTIETH REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p> -</div> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<h2 class="nobreak lsp" id="CONTENTS">CONTENTS</h2> - -<p class="p1 pfs60">OF THE</p> - -<h3 class="fs135 lsp">HISTORICAL RECORD.</h3> - -<hr class="r20" /> - - -<table class="autotable fs90" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr class="smcap fs70"> -<td class="tdl">Year</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">Page</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl smcap">Introduction.</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_ix"><ins class="corr" id="tn-xxiii" title="Transcriber’s Note—Original text: 'page number missing'"> -ix</ins></a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1758</td> -<td class="tdl">Formation of the Regiment from the Second Battalion of the Thirty-first regiment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Stationed in Scotland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Faced with <em>light grey</em>, and commonly called the <em>Glasgow Greys</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The colonelcy conferred on Lieut.-Colonel John Parslow, from the First Foot Guards</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Officers appointed to Commissions in the regiment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_2">2</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1759</td> -<td class="tdl">Removed to South Britain</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1760</td> -<td class="tdl">Appointment of Lieut.-Colonel Cyrus Trapaud, from the Third regiment, to the colonelcy, in succession to Colonel Parslow, removed to the Fifty-fourth regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1763</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1764</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for the West Indies</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1768</td> -<td class="tdl">The <em>Facing</em> directed by the Royal Warrant of the 19th of December to be <em>Black</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1774</td> -<td class="tdl">Returned to England from the West Indies</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1776</td> -<td class="tdl">Proceeded to Scotland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1778<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxiv"></a>[xxiv]</span></td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for North America</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Appointment of Major-General William Tryon to the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General Trapaud, removed to the Fifty-second regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1781</td> -<td class="tdl">Stationed in Nova Scotia</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1782</td> -<td class="tdl">Directed to assume the County title of “Surrey” regiment, in addition to its Numerical title</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1783</td> -<td class="tdl">Appointment of Colonel the Earl of Suffolk to the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General Tryon, removed to the Twenty-ninth regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1784</td> -<td class="tdl">Returned to England from North America</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_4">4</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1787</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1793</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for the West Indies</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1794</td> -<td class="tdl">Engaged in the capture of <em>Martinique</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1795</td> -<td class="tdl">Returned to England</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for Gibraltar</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_6">6</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1800</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for the West Indies, where six companies arrived</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Four companies prevented from proceeding to the West Indies by the vessel having sprung a leak, and proceeded from Lisbon to Jersey</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1801</td> -<td class="tdl">The six companies returned from the West Indies and joined the four companies at Jersey</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The Regiment proceeded from Jersey to Dover</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1803</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for the West Indies</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1807</td> -<td class="tdl">Detachment engaged in the capture of certain Danish West India Islands</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1810</td> -<td class="tdl">Flank companies formed part of an expedition against Guadaloupe</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Capture of <em>Guadaloupe</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1812</td> -<td class="tdl">Returned from the West Indies</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Proceeded to Scotland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Received the Royal Authority to assume the title of the <em>Glasgow Lowland regiment</em></td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1813<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxv"></a>[xxv]</span></td> -<td class="tdl">Engaged on duties at Montrose and Perth</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for Canada</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1814</td> -<td class="tdl">Appointment of Lieut.-General Honorable Sir G. Lowry Cole, K.B., to the colonelcy, in succession to General the Earl of Suffolk, removed to the Forty-fourth regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Employed at Quebec, Montreal, Cornwall, and Kingston in Canada</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1816</td> -<td class="tdl">Appointment of Lieut.-General Forbes Champagné to the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General Sir G. Lowry Cole, removed to the Thirty-fourth regiment</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Appointment of Major-General Sir Kenneth Alexander Howard, K.C.B., afterwards Earl of Effingham, to the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General Champagné, deceased</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1825</td> -<td class="tdl">Authorized to resume the County title of the Surrey regiment, and to discontinue the title of the Glasgow Lowland regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1826</td> -<td class="tdl">Continued on duty at different stations in Canada</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1827</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked from Canada</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Proceeded to Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1832</td> -<td class="tdl">Appointment of Lieut.-General G. J. Hall to the colonelcy, in succession to Lieut.-General Lord Howard of Effingham</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1834</td> -<td class="tdl">Formed into six Service, and four Depôt companies, preparatory to embarkation for a foreign station</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Service companies embarked from Cork for Gibraltar</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1835</td> -<td class="tdl">Depôt companies embarked from Ireland for Guernsey</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1836</td> -<td class="tdl">Service companies embarked from Gibraltar for Malta</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1838<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxvi"></a>[xxvi]</span></td> -<td class="tdl">Service companies embarked from Malta for the West Indies</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Depôt companies embarked from Guernsey for Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">The Royal Court of Guernsey passed an Act in order to record in a permanent manner their testimony of the good conduct and discipline of the officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates of the Seventieth regiment</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1841</td> -<td class="tdl">The Service companies embarked from the West Indies for Canada</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Received the thanks of the Lieut.-General commanding in the West Indies</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1843</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked at Quebec for England</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Arrived at Portsmouth, and joined by the Depôt companies from Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Proceeded to Manchester</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1845</td> -<td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1847</td> -<td class="tdl">Establishment augmented to 1000 rank and file</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1848</td> -<td class="tdl">Ordered to be held in readiness to embark for the East Indies</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl smcap">Conclusion</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="p4"> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<p class="pfs120">1849.</p> -<hr class="r20a" /> - - -<hr class="p4 chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_xxvii"></a>[xxvii]</span><br /></p> - -<h3 class="fs120">SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</h3> -</div> - -<p class="p1 pfs60">OF</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs135">THE SEVENTIETH REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p> -<hr class="r20" /> - - -<table class="autotable fs90" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr class="smcap fs70"> -<td class="tdl">Year</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">Page</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1758</td> -<td class="tdl">John Parslow</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1760</td> -<td class="tdl">Cyrus Trapaud</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1778</td> -<td class="tdl">William Tryon</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1783</td> -<td class="tdl">John Earl of Suffolk</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1814</td> -<td class="tdl">Honorable Sir G. Lowry Cole, K.B.</td> -<td class="tdr">—</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1816</td> -<td class="tdl">Forbes Champagné</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">——</td> -<td class="tdl">Sir Kenneth Alexander Howard, G.C.B., afterwards the Earl of Effingham</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">1832</td> -<td class="tdl">Gage John Hall</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<h3 class="fs120" id="PLATE">PLATE.</h3> - -<table class="autotable fs90" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Colours and Costume of the Regiment</td> -<td class="tdl"><em>to face Page</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#i_014">14</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_1"></a>[Pg 1]</span><br /></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak fs120 lsp2" id="HISTORICAL_RECORD">HISTORICAL RECORD</h2> -</div> - -<p class="pfs60">OF</p> - -<p class="pfs135 lsp">THE SEVENTIETH,</p> - -<p class="pfs60">OR</p> - -<p class="pfs120 lsp0">THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p> - -<hr class="r30a" /> -<hr class="r30c" /> - - -<div class="sidenote">1756</div> - -<p class="noindent">The repose granted to Europe by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle -was interrupted by the aggressions, made -by the French, on the British territory in America. -War between the two kingdoms speedily followed; -and a considerable augmentation was made to the -strength of the British army in the winter of 1755, and -in the spring of 1756. On that occasion a second battalion -was added to the <span class="allsmcap">THIRTY-FIRST</span> regiment, then -commanded by Major-General Henry Holmes, and -stationed in Great Britain.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1758</div> - -<p>In 1758 the second battalion of the <span class="allsmcap">THIRTY-FIRST</span> -foot was constituted a regiment, which was numbered -the “<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span>” in the British line. It was stationed -in North Britain; its facings were light grey; it contained -in its ranks many men who were natives of Scotland, -particularly of Glasgow, and they were commonly -called the “<span class="smcap">Glasgow greys</span>.”</p> - -<p>The colonelcy of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment was -conferred on Colonel John Parslow, from captain and<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_2"></a>[2]</span> -lieut.-colonel in the first foot guards; the lieut.-colonelcy -on Charles Vignoles, from major in the thirty-first -regiment; and the majority on Robert Pigot, senior -captain of the thirty-first. The officers appointed to -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment were:—</p> - - -<table class="p1 autotable fs80" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdc" colspan="3"><em>Colonel</em> John Parslow.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2"><em>Lieut.-Colonel</em> Charles Vignoles.</td> -<td class="tdl pad4"><em>Major</em> Robert Pigot.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdc tdh" colspan="3"><em>Captains.</em></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">William Piers.</td> -<td class="tdl">D. Hamilton.</td> -<td class="tdl">William Nesbit.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Hector Munro.</td> -<td class="tdl">George Grant.</td> -<td class="tdl"><em>Captain Lieut.</em> Jno. Fowle.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Hon. Spencer Compton.</td> -<td class="tdl">T. Grueber.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdc tdh" colspan="3"><em>Lieutenants.</em></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">John Crofton.</td> -<td class="tdl">John Stevens.</td> -<td class="tdl">William Smith.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Rob. Clements.</td> -<td class="tdl">M. Johnston.</td> -<td class="tdl">Edward Hicks.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">J. Dumarsque.</td> -<td class="tdl">A. Lysaght.</td> -<td class="tdl">Geo. Whichcot.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A. Thompson.</td> -<td class="tdl">R. Bristow.</td> -<td class="tdl">Cha. Sutherland.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Anthony Morgan.</td> -<td class="tdl">H. Norman.</td> -<td class="tdl">U. Pendergrast.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">William Tullock.</td> -<td class="tdl">Jas. Cusack.</td> -<td class="tdl">W. L. Hooker.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdc tdh" colspan="3"><em>Ensigns.</em></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Geo. Williamson.</td> -<td class="tdl">Geo. Kinlock.</td> -<td class="tdl">Rob. Jephson.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Cha. Gordon.</td> -<td class="tdl">Rob. Orrock.</td> -<td class="tdl">Wm. Talbot.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Robert Wilson.</td> -<td class="tdl">J. Rosenhagen.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl tdh"><em>Chaplain</em>, Tho. Parslow.</td> -<td class="tdl tdh pad4" colspan="2"><em>Adjutant</em>, W. L. Hooker.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><em>Surgeon</em>, Sam. Bright.</td> -<td class="tdl pad4" colspan="2"><em>Quarter-Master</em>, Geo. Williamson.</td> -</tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -</table> - - -<div class="sidenote">1759<br />1760</div> - -<p>From Scotland the regiment was removed to South -Britain, in 1759, and remained there during the seven -years’ war. Colonel Parslow was removed to the fifty-fourth -regiment, in September, 1760, and the colonelcy -of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> was conferred on Lieut.-Colonel -Cyrus Trapaud, of the Third or Buffs.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1763</div> - -<p>Peace having been concluded, the establishment of -the regiment was reduced in 1763; at the same time -it was removed to Ireland.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1764</div> - -<p>In 1764 the regiment embarked from Ireland for -the West Indies, where it was stationed ten years.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_3"></a>[3]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1768</div> - -<p>By the Royal Warrant of the 19th December, 1768, -the facings were directed to be <em>black</em>.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1774</div> - -<p>The regiment sustained severe loss from the climate -of the West India Islands during the period it was -employed there; and in 1774 it returned to England -much reduced in numbers.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1775<br />1776</div> - -<p>During the year 1775 the regiment was employed -recruiting its numbers in England, and in 1776 it -marched to Scotland.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1778</div> - -<p>The regiment was stationed in Scotland until the -early part of the year 1778, when it embarked for -North America, and was employed in that part of the -British dominions during the remainder of the American -war, which commenced in 1775, and ended in 1782.</p> - -<p>Lieut.-General Trapaud was removed in 1778 to -the fifty-second regiment, and was succeeded in the -colonelcy of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> by Major-General William -Tryon, from major in the first foot guards.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1779<br />1780</div> - -<p>The battalion companies of the regiment were stationed -in the northern provinces of America; but the -flank companies were detached southward.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1781</div> - -<p>In 1781 the regiment was stationed in Nova Scotia, -and it remained in that country during the two following -years.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1782</div> - -<p>In 1782, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> was designated the <span class="allsmcap">SURREY</span> -regiment, county titles being adopted at this period in -the army, pursuant to His Majesty’s command, with a -view of promoting the recruiting service by cultivating -a connexion with distinct parts of the kingdom.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1783</div> - -<p>Lieut.-General Tryon was removed, in 1783, to the -twenty-ninth regiment, and King George III. appointed -Colonel the Earl of Suffolk, from the ninety-seventh -(afterwards disbanded) to the colonelcy of the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_4"></a>[4]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1784</div> - -<p>Having been relieved from duty in North America, -the regiment returned to England in 1784.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1785<br />1786<br />1787</div> - -<p>The regiment occupied various quarters in England -during the years 1785 and 1786, and in 1787 it -proceeded to Ireland.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1793</div> - -<p>While the regiment was stationed in Ireland, the -French Revolution involved Great Britain in war -with France; and in 1793, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment -embarked from Ireland, under the command of Colonel -Eyre Coote, for the West Indies, to take part in an -attack on the French West India Islands.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1794</div> - -<p>An armament was assembled at Barbadoes in the -beginning of 1794, under the orders of General Sir -Charles, afterwards Earl, Grey, for the capture of -<em>Martinique</em>, and the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment had the -honor to take part in this enterprise. The grenadiers -and light infantry were formed in flank battalions, and -Lieut.-Colonel Coote commanded the first battalion of -light infantry; the regiment was commanded by Lieut.-Colonel -Johnston. A landing was effected, at three -different points, on the island of Martinique on the 5th, -6th, and 8th of February; and the first light infantry, -under Lieut.-Colonel Coote of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span>, distinguished -themselves at the capture of the heights of -Morne le Brun. The battalion companies had also -an opportunity of signalizing themselves. Sir Charles -Grey stated in his despatch,—“I received intelligence -of the enemy’s landing troops, and taking post on -Morne Pied, to cut off the communication between -Brigadier-General Whyte and head-quarters at Salée, -and I ordered the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment, with two -howitzers, to march on the same night and dislodge -them, which was executed with great spirit, and the -post taken possession of early on the morning of the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_5"></a>[5]</span> -9th, under the good conduct of Adjutant-General, -Colonel Dundas, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment being commanded -by Lieut.-Colonel Johnston, and the enemy -completely defeated at the first charge.” The loss -of the regiment on this occasion was limited to a few -private soldiers wounded.</p> - -<p>After a series of brilliant successes, possession was -gained of the greater part of the island; Fort Bourbon -and Fort Royal were besieged, and the garrisons -forced to surrender,—the French troops in the former -delivering up five stand of colours, and those in the -latter two. These colours were sent to England, and -lodged in St. Paul’s Cathedral by a party of life guards -and foot guards on the 17th of May. Thus the British -flag waved a second time over Martinique, the -island having been captured by the English in 1762, -but restored to France by the peace of Fontainebleau -in the following year.</p> - -<p>In these successes of the British arms, in which the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment had the honor to share, the -commander of the expedition stated—“The spirit, -unanimity, and perseverance of the navy and army -never were more conspicuous; nor has more cordial -co-operation ever been manifested between His -Majesty’s naval and land forces. In a word, the -general and field officers, and the commanding -officers of corps, have set such an example of zeal, -activity, and animation in this service, which has -been so laudably imitated by all the officers and -soldiers of this little army, that they merit the -greatest praise.”</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1795</div> - -<p>Having sustained severe loss from the climate of -the West Indies, the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment returned -to Europe in May, 1795; it was speedily recruited, and<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_6"></a>[6]</span> -embarked for Gibraltar under the orders of Lieut.-Colonel -Coote.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1796<br />1800</div> - -<p>The regiment performed garrison duty at Gibraltar -until February, 1800, when it embarked for the West -Indies; six companies, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel -Arthur Wolfe, arrived at their destination, and were -stationed at Trinidad. The vessel containing four -companies, under Lieut.-Colonel Nichol, sprung a leak -at sea, and put into Lisbon harbour, from whence they -were ordered to proceed to the island of Jersey.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1801</div> - -<p>The six companies, which had proceeded to the West -Indies, arrived at Jersey in May, 1801, and the regiment -proceeded to Dover. It was one of the regiments -forming the army of observation at Shornecliff camp -under Major-General (afterwards Sir John) Moore.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1802<br />1803<br />1804<br />1805</div> - -<p>Peace was concluded with France in 1802; but -hostilities were resumed in 1803, and in the autumn -of the same year the regiment again embarked for the -West Indies, under Lieut.-Colonel Andrew Ross. It -arrived at its destination in December, and was -stationed at the island of Antigua during the years -1804 and 1805.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1806</div> - -<p>In June, 1806, the head-quarters were removed to -St. Christopher, leaving two companies at Antigua, -under Lieut.-Colonel Lewis Grant, for one month, and -they afterwards joined the regiment.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1807</div> - -<p>The policy of the Court of Denmark having become -favourable to the interests of the French, that country -became involved in war with <ins class="corr" id="tn-6" title="Transcriber’s Note—Original text: 'Great Britian'"> -Great Britain</ins>, in 1807, -and in December of that year a detachment of the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment, under Lieut.-Colonel Ross, embarked -from St. Christopher with the expedition, -under General Henry Bowyer, against the Danish -islands of <em>St. Thomas</em> and <em>St. John</em>, which surrendered<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_7"></a>[7]</span> -to the British arms without firing a shot. The regiment -followed the detachment soon afterwards, and was -stationed at the island of St. Thomas.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1808<br />1809</div> - -<p>During the years 1808 and 1809 the regiment was stationed -at the island of St. Thomas and its dependencies.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1810</div> - -<p>In 1810 the flank companies of the regiment were -selected to form part of an expedition, under Lieut.-General -Sir George Beckwith, K.B., against the island -of <em>Guadaloupe</em>, which had been restored to the French at -the peace of Amiens. The expedition arrived before the -island in January, 1810. The troops employed on this -service were formed into two divisions of two brigades -in each: on the 30th of January, Major-General (afterwards -Sir Thomas) Hislop reported, that the enemy -having retained possession of the sea-batteries commanding -the anchorage in the Grande Aine, from which -they continued to fire on the British men of war, the -Light Company of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment was sent to -dislodge them, which was instantly effected, the party of -the enemy escaping along shore. The conquest of this -important settlement was accomplished in nine days; -the Governor, Captain-General Ernouf, surrendering -the colony and its dependencies to the British arms, -by articles dated the 6th of February.</p> - -<p>In June of the same year, the officers, non-commissioned -officers, and drummers of four companies proceeded -to Europe, in order to replace the casualties arising -from a long course of colonial service, and formed a -recruiting depôt, which was established at Ayr, in Scotland, -under the orders of Colonel Andrew Ross. This -officer was placed on the Staff of the army in the following -year, and proceeded to Cadiz, from whence he was -removed to Carthagena, where he died of an illness -brought on by fatigue and service: he attained the -rank of Major-General before his decease.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_8"></a>[8]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1811</div> - -<p>From Ayr the depôt was removed, in 1811, to Stirling -Castle, under Lieut.-Colonel Grant.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1812</div> - -<p>The regiment was relieved from duty in the West -Indies in the early part of 1812, and, returning to -Europe, joined the depôt at Stirling Castle, in April -and June of that year.</p> - -<p>On the 22nd of October, 1812, the Prince Regent, -in the name and on the behalf of His Majesty, was -pleased to approve of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> being styled -the <span class="smcap">Glasgow lowland regiment</span>.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1813</div> - -<p>From Stirling Castle the regiment marched in -January, 1813, to Montrose, to assist the magistrates -in suppressing riots: in February it proceeded to Perth, -and performed duty over French prisoners about four -months.</p> - -<p>In July the regiment proceeded to Ireland, where -it only remained a few days, before it received orders -to embark for Canada, to reinforce the British troops in -that country in consequence of the war between Great -Britain and the United States. The regiment embarked -from Cork, on the 31st of August, under -Major MacGregor, and, arriving in Lower Canada in -November, was stationed at Quebec.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1814</div> - -<p>Lieut.-General the Honorable Sir Galbraith Lowry -Cole, K.B., was appointed Colonel of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> -regiment, from the 103rd foot, in January, 1814, in -succession to General the Earl of Suffolk, who was -removed to the forty-fourth regiment.</p> - -<p>After performing garrison duty at Quebec eight -months, the regiment proceeded to Montreal, from -whence it was removed to Cornwall in Upper Canada, -and in August it was brigaded with the ninth, sixteenth, -and fifty-seventh, under Colonel Grant, on the -line of communication from Montreal to Kingston in -Upper Canada.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_9"></a>[9]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1815</div> - -<p>Peace was concluded with the United States in 1815, -and in June of that year the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment -was ordered to proceed to Kingston.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1816</div> - -<p>Lieut.-General Sir G. Lowry Cole was removed to -the thirty-fourth regiment in May, 1816, and was succeeded -in the colonelcy of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> by Lieut.-General -Forbes Champagné, from colonel-commandant -of a battalion of the Rifle Brigade.</p> - -<p>During this year the regiment remained at Kingston, -and Lieut.-Colonel Thomas Evans, C.B., assumed the -command in August.</p> - -<p>Lieut.-General Champagné died in the autumn of -the year 1816, and the colonelcy of the regiment was -conferred on Major-General Sir Kenneth Alexander -Howard, K.C.B., afterwards Lord Howard of Effingham.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1817</div> - -<p>In April, 1817, the regiment was removed, under -the command of Colonel Grant, to Fort George, -Drummond’s Island, Amherstburg, the posts on the -Niagara frontier, and York, now called Toronto.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1819<br />1820</div> - -<p>The regiment was removed to Kingston, in June, -1819, and was stationed at that place, under the command -of Lieut.-Colonel MacGregor; in November, -1820, Colonel Ottley arrived and assumed the command -of the regiment.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1821<br />1822</div> - -<p>From Kingston the regiment was removed in May, -1821, to Quebec, and in May, 1822, Colonel Ottley -proceeded to Europe on leave, when the command -again devolved on Lieut.-Colonel MacGregor.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1823<br />1824</div> - -<p>The regiment continued to occupy quarters in -Canada during the years 1823, 1824, 1825, and 1826.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1825<br />1826</div> - -<p>In 1825 the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> was permitted to resume -the County title of the <span class="smcap">Surrey</span> regiment, conferred upon -it in 1782, and to discontinue the title of the Glasgow -Lowland regiment.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_10"></a>[10]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1827</div> - -<p>In the summer of 1827 the regiment was relieved -from duty in Canada, and returning to Europe, arrived -in Ireland in September; it was stationed in that -country six years.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1832</div> - -<p>The Earl of Effingham was removed to the third -foot in 1832, and the colonelcy of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> was -conferred on Lieut.-General Gage John Hall, from the -ninety-ninth regiment.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1834</div> - -<p>After occupying various stations in Ireland until -the spring of 1834, the regiment was divided into six -service, and four depôt companies. The service companies -embarked at Cork in March and April, for -Gibraltar, where they were stationed two years.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1835</div> - -<p>In 1835, the depôt companies were removed from -Ireland to South Britain, and were afterwards stationed -at the island of Guernsey.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1836</div> - -<p>On the 16th of June, 1836, the service companies -embarked at Gibraltar for Malta, where they landed -on the 3rd of July.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1838</div> - -<p>The service companies remained at Malta until -January, 1838, when they embarked for the West -Indies, and were stationed at Barbadoes.</p> - -<p>In September of the same year the depôt companies -returned to Ireland. Previously to the depôt companies -quitting Guernsey, the following testimonial of the -Royal Court of the Island was presented to Major White, -complimentary of that portion of the regiment:—</p> - - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right">“<em>Court-house, Guernsey, 24th August, 1838.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">“<span class="smcap">Sir</span>,—To mark their high sense of the very meritorious -conduct of the depôt of the 70th regiment, under -your command, the Royal Court have passed, and -entered on the public records, an Act, which -will convey to the latest posterity the grateful remembrance -of the inhabitants, of the honorable<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_11"></a>[11]</span> -bearing of the regiment since its arrival in this -island. I have now the honor to enclose a copy of -that Act, under the seal of the bailiwick, and to express -the pleasure I feel in transmitting such a testimonial -of the esteem and consideration of the Court -for the regiment, knowing it to be so well merited.</p> - -<p>“It only remains for me, in conformity with that -Act, and in the name of the Royal Court, to thank -you, Major White, and, through you, the officers, -non-commissioned officers, and privates of the 70th -regiment, for the uniform tenor of your and their -conduct, as honorable to the regiment, and as conducive -to the peace and harmony of the island. -The good wishes of the inhabitants of Guernsey will -accompany the 70th at all times and in all places.</p> -</div> - -<p class="right"> -<span class="padr6">“I have the honor to be, Sir,</span><br /> -“Your very obedient humble servant,<br /> -<span class="padr4">“<span class="smcap">Daniel De Lisle Brock</span>,</span><br /> -“Bailiff of Guernsey.<br /> -</p> - -<p class="noindent"> -“To Major White, commanding the depôt<br /> -<span class="pad2">of the 70th regiment, in Guernsey, &c.”</span><br /> -</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="p2 negin1">“<em>Island of Guernsey. The 23rd of August, 1838, before -Daniel De Lisle Brock, esq., Bailiff; present, John -Guille, James Cary, John Hubert, esqrs., Sir William -Collings, knight, Hillary O. Carré, Peter Bonamy, -Dobrée Thomas, William Gosselin, Thomas Le -Retilley, and Harry Dobrée, esqrs., Jurats.</em></p> -</div> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>“The Royal Court specially assembled, advised of -the approaching departure of the depôt of the 70th -regiment, deem it right to express how much they -have been flattered and gratified by their honorable -conduct during the time they have been in garrison -in this island,—conduct so honorable, that a simple -letter from the President would be inadequate to<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_12"></a>[12]</span> -render the regiment the justice that is due, were it -not accompanied by an authentic Act extracted from -the insular archives. In consequence, the Court, -after having heard the opinions of the Crown -Lawyers, have unanimously framed the present Act, -to record publicly their esteem and thanks to Major -White, the officers, non-commissioned officers, and -soldiers of the regiment, for their discipline, good -order, and the manner in which they have contributed -to maintain a good understanding between -themselves and the inhabitants.</p> -</div> - -<p class="right"> -<span class="smcap padr2">“Charles Lefebvre,</span><br /> -Her Majesty’s Greffier.”</p> - -<p>“In testimony of the above, the seal of the bailiwick -of the said island of Guernsey is affixed to this present -Act.</p> - -<p class="right"> -<span class="smcap padr6">“Daniel De Lisle Brock,</span><br /> -Bailiff of the island of Guernsey.<br /> -“<span class="smcap">P. B. Dobrée</span>, <span class="pad2h"> </span>} <span class="pad3"> </span><br /> -“<span class="smcap">Thomas Le Retilley</span> }  Jurats.”<br /> -</p> - - -<div class="sidenote">1841</div> - -<p class="p1">From Barbadoes the service companies were removed, -in May, 1841, to Canada, and landed at -Montreal in June. On their embarkation for North -America, Lieutenant-General Maister, commanding in -the West Indies, issued the following General Order, -expressive of his approbation of the appearance of the -Regiment:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>“The Lieutenant-General was much gratified with -his Inspection of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment this -morning (1st May, 1841) on board Her Majesty’s -troop-ship Sapphire.</p> - -<p>“The appearance of the men on board, as well as -of the two companies which the Lieutenant-General -had an opportunity of seeing on shore previous to -their embarkation, reflects much credit upon Major<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_13"></a>[13]</span> -White, the officers, non-commissioned officers, and -soldiers of the corps; and although the Lieutenant-General -had not the opportunity of making his -Inspection so minutely as he could have desired, he -is most willing to believe, that, had he done so, it -would have added to the satisfaction he has experienced.”</p> -</div> - -<div class="sidenote">1842<br />1843</div> - -<p>The service companies were stationed in Canada -during the year 1842. In May, 1843, they embarked -at Quebec for England, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel -Joseph Kelsall, in Her Majesty’s troop-ship -Resistance; and, landing at Portsmouth on the -24th of June, were afterwards joined by the depôt -companies from Ireland. Previous to leaving Canada -seventy-two men of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> volunteered for -permanent service to other regiments stationed in -North America. The regiment was moved from Portsmouth, -in September following, to Manchester, from -whence it marched to Leeds in October, with detached -companies to Bradford, Sheffield, Halifax, Huddersfield, -and Keighley.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1844</div> - -<p>Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Kelsall retired on full -pay on the 23rd February, 1844, and was succeeded by -Major Edward James White, who was promoted to -the rank of lieutenant-colonel.</p> - -<p>In October, 1844, the regiment returned to Manchester, -where it remained till April following.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1845</div> - -<p>In April, 1845, the regiment proceeded to Ireland -and was stationed at Newry, from whence it marched -in September to Dublin. On the 30th December, -1845, Lieut.-Colonel E. J. White retired on full pay, -and Major Thomas Reed was promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy -of the regiment.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1846</div> - -<p>The regiment was removed from Dublin to Templemore -in August, 1846.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_14"></a>[14]</span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1847</div> - -<p>On the 1st April, 1847, the regiment was augmented -to an establishment of 57 serjeants, 21 drummers, and -one thousand rank and file. Major William Matthew -Bigge was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel -on the 23rd April, 1847, on the retirement of Lieut.-Colonel -Reed.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1848</div> - -<p>Events in the East Indies having rendered reinforcements -necessary, the sixty-fourth, <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span>, and -eighty-third regiments have been selected for embarkation -for India,—the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> being ordered to -proceed to the Bengal Presidency, where the regiment -may probably have an opportunity of distinguishing -itself in a more signal, though not less useful, manner -than a long tour of Colonial Service has afforded.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>The foregoing statement of the services of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> -regiment shows the long, and unavoidable, -detention of the corps on West India service, and that -such was the cause of its not having had an opportunity -of sharing in the splendid victories obtained by other -regiments which were engaged in the Continental -wars:—While the regiment was employed in an apparently -inactive state on Colonial duty, the Government, -and the Commander-in-Chief, were enabled to -send other disposable regiments to combat the enemy -in the Peninsula, and on various expeditions in Europe; -the conquered Islands in the West Indies were consequently -entrusted to a few corps, of which the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> -regiment was one, and on which full reliance -could be placed by the Sovereign, and by the Country.</p> - - -<p class="p4"> </p> -<hr class="r20a" /> -<p class="pfs120">1848.</p> -<hr class="r20a" /> - -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<div class="figcenter illowp65" id="i_014" style="max-width: 40em;"> - <img class="p4 w100" src="images/i_014.jpg" alt="" /> - <div class="caption">SEVENTIETH REGIMENT</div> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_15"></a>[15]</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak fs120" id="SUCC_OF_COLS">SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</h2> -</div> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">OF THE</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs135">SEVENTIETH,</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">OR</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100">THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p> - -<hr class="r20" /> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">John Parslow</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 28th April, 1758</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">John Parslow</span> was many years an officer in the First -Regiment of Foot Guards, in which corps he rose to the rank -of captain and lieut.-colonel on the 18th of May, 1747. In -1758 King George II. conferred upon him the colonelcy of -the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment, from which he was removed, in -1760, to the Fifty-fourth regiment. He was promoted to -the rank of major-general in 1761, to that of lieut.-general -in 1770, and of general in 1782. He was removed to the -Thirtieth regiment in April, 1770. He died at Bath on the -15th of November, 1786.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Cyrus Trapaud</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 10th July, 1760</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Cyrus Trapaud</span>, descended from a family of distinction in -France, was related to Marshal Turenne and other noblemen -in that country: his father was a Protestant, and was -forced by persecution to seek an asylum in England. -Cyrus Trapaud entered the British army, and was many years -an officer in the Buffs. He accompanied his regiment to the -Netherlands in 1742, served at the battle of Dettingen in -1743, and of Fontenoy in 1745. Returning to Great Britain<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_16"></a>[16]</span> -in the same year, he served, in 1746, at the battles of Falkirk -and Culloden. In 1747 he again proceeded to the Netherlands, -and served at the battle of Val. On the 3rd of -February, 1750, he was appointed lieut.-colonel of the Buffs, -and commanded that regiment in the expedition to the coast -of France, in 1757. He served at the attack of Martinique, -and commanded a brigade at the reduction of Guadaloupe -in 1759. In 1760 he was rewarded with the colonelcy of the -<span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment; he was promoted to the rank of -major-general in 1762, and to that of lieut.-general in 1772; -was removed to the Fifty-second regiment in 1778, and -promoted to the rank of general in 1783. He was conspicuous -for courage, and for the exact performance of every duty both -of public and private life, united with a kind and gentlemanly -deportment, which procured him the esteem of all who knew -him. He lived to be the senior general in the army, and -dying on the 3rd of May, 1801, was buried with military -honors at Chelsea, many distinguished persons attending his -funeral.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">William Tryon</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 14th May, 1778</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent">This Officer served many years in the First Foot Guards, in -which corps he was promoted to the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel -in 1758; in May, 1772, he was advanced to the rank -of colonel, and in 1776 he was nominated major in his regiment. -He was appointed governor of the state of North Carolina, -where he evinced great zeal and ability in suppressing the -rising seeds of insurrection, and he conciliated the loyal -British subjects. Being afterwards called to the government -of New York, his abilities were conspicuously displayed there -during the American War of Independence. He raised a body -of Provincials for the King’s service, and evinced gallantry in -several military services, particularly in the expedition to -Danbury in the spring of 1777. He was promoted to the -rank of major-general in the same year, and to that of lieut.-general -in 1782. In 1778 he was rewarded with the colonelcy -of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment, and was removed to the Twenty-ninth -in 1783. He died in 1788.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_17"></a>[17]</span></p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">John, Earl of Suffolk</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 16th August, 1783</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">John Howard</span> was page to His Royal Highness the Duke of -Cumberland, and entered the army as ensign in the First -Foot Guards, on the 13th of June, 1756; he was promoted -to the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel in 1773. In 1782 -he was nominated colonel of the Ninety-seventh regiment, -afterwards disbanded; he succeeded to the dignity of <span class="smcap">Earl -of Suffolk</span> in 1783, and was removed to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> -regiment in the same year. He was promoted to the rank of -major-general in 1787, to that of lieut.-general in 1797, and -of general in 1802. In 1814 he was removed to the Forty-fourth -regiment. He was many years governor of Londonderry -and of Calmore fort. His Lordship died in 1820.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">The Honorable Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole, K.B.</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 12th January, 1814</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">The Honorable Galbraith Lowry Cole</span> entered the -army in March, 1787, and after serving in the subordinate -commissions, was advanced to the rank of major in 1793, when -the struggle between Great Britain and the revolutionists of -France had commenced; and the progress of the eventful -contest which followed, afforded him opportunities for the -display of those professional abilities which he possessed. In -1794 he was appointed lieut.-colonel in Ward’s regiment, -afterwards disbanded; and in 1799 he was nominated lieut.-colonel -in General Villette’s corps, afterwards disbanded; -in 1801 he obtained the rank of colonel. He served in the -island of Sicily, as brigadier-general, and commanded the -first brigade at the battle of Maida on the 4th of July, 1806; -Major-General Sir John Stuart, afterwards Count of Maida, -bore testimony, in his public despatch, to the gallant conduct -of Brigadier-General the Hon. G. L. Cole on that occasion, -which reflected lustre on the British arms. In 1808 he was -promoted to the rank of major-general. His services were -afterwards extended to the Peninsula, where he commanded a -division during the campaigns from 1810 to the overthrow<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_18"></a>[18]</span> -of Napoleon, Emperor of France, and the restoration of the -Bourbon dynasty in 1814. His distinguished services during -those campaigns are blended with the military annals of the -Peninsula, and the public despatches of the Duke of Wellington -bear testimony of his excellent conduct during many difficult -operations, severely contested battles, and sieges. He received -the local rank of lieut.-general in Spain and Portugal -in 1810; was appointed colonel of the 103rd regiment in -1812; and obtained the rank of lieut.-general in 1813. He -was nominated a Knight of the most Honorable Military Order -of the Bath, and on the extension of that order, in 1815, he received -the decorations of Knight Grand Cross of the Bath. In -commemoration of his distinguished services in Sicily, Portugal, -Spain, and the South of France, he received the distinction -of a cross and four clasps, for the battles of Maida, Albuhera, -Salamanca, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Orthes, and Toulouse. -In 1814 he was removed to the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment; in -1816 to the Thirty-fourth; and in 1826 to the Twenty-seventh -regiment. He was appointed governor of Gravesend and -Tilbury Fort; and in 1830 promoted to the rank of general. -He died in 1842.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Forbes Champagné</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 21st May, 1816</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent">This officer was appointed ensign in the Fourth foot in 1773; -he was stationed at Boston when the American war commenced, -and was engaged at Lexington on the 19th of April, -1775. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in the -same year, and attached to the first light battalion, with which -he served in 1776, at the descent on Long Island, battle of -Brooklyn, capture of New York, action at Frog’s Neck, -capture of Fort Washington, and capture of New Jersey. -In 1777 he served in the expedition to Pennsylvania, and was -at the battles of Brandywine and Germantown: and in the -march through the Jerseys, in 1778, he was engaged at -Freehold. He was promoted to captain in the Twenty-third -regiment in 1779, and was removed to the mounted light -infantry in 1780. He served in the expedition to South -Carolina, was at the siege of Charleston, at the battles of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_19"></a>[19]</span> -Camden, and Guildford Court-house, and in all the actions in -which the troops under Major-General the Earl Cornwallis -were engaged, in the two Carolinas and in Virginia, ending -with the capitulation of York Town. He returned to -England at the end of the war. In 1793 he was appointed -major, and afterwards lieut.-colonel of the Eightieth regiment, -with which corps he served in the Netherlands at the siege of -Nimeguen, and during the winter campaign of 1794-5 in -Holland. In 1795 he was removed to the Twentieth foot, -and in 1797 was promoted to the rank of colonel. He served -as brigadier-general in Ireland, during the rebellion in 1798, -and in 1799 in the expedition to Holland. In 1800 he was -placed on the staff of the south-west district; and was promoted -to the rank of major-general in 1803. In 1806 he was nominated -to the command of the western district, and to the colonelcy -of the Eighth Garrison Battalion. In May, 1807, he was -placed on the staff in the East Indies, where he served some -time. He was appointed colonel-commandant of a battalion -of the Rifle Brigade in 1809,—promoted to the rank of lieut.-general -in 1810, and removed to the colonelcy of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> -regiment, in May, 1816. He died on the 22nd of -October, 1816.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir Kenneth Alexander Howard, G.C.B.</span>,</p> - -<p class="center">afterwards</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Lord Howard, Earl of Effingham</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 24th October, 1816</em>.</p> - -<p class="noindent">This officer entered the army, as ensign in the second -(Coldstream) foot guards, on the 21st April, 1786, and on -the 25th February, 1793, embarked for Flanders, and served -during the campaign in that country; on the 25th April, 1793, -he obtained a lieutenancy, and on the 1st September the -adjutancy. He continued to serve with his regiment on the -Continent till May, 1795, when the troops returned to England. -He was wounded at the battle of St. Amand; and was -present at the siege and capture of Valenciennes, action of -Lincelles, and siege of Dunkirk. On the 30th of December, -1797, he was promoted to a captain-lieutenancy; and to a<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_20"></a>[20]</span> -company on the 25th of July, 1799. On the 13th of June, -1793, he was appointed major of brigade to the foot guards -sent to Ireland, where he served during the whole of the rebellion. -In August, 1799, he served in the same capacity with -the expedition to Holland, and was present in all the actions. -On the 1st of July, 1801, he was deputed to act as inspector-general -of foreign corps during the absence from England of -Colonel W. Clinton; and on that officer’s return he was appointed -on the 25th of February, 1802, deputy inspector-general -of foreign corps; on that office being abolished, he was -nominated commandant of the foreign depôt. On the 1st of -January, 1805, he was appointed Aide-de-Camp to the King, -and received the rank of colonel; on the 4th of August, 1808, -second major in his regiment; and on the 25th of July, 1810, -major-general. He joined the army in the Peninsula on the 9th -of January, 1811, and was appointed to the command of a -brigade in the first division, and was present with it at the -action at Fuentes d’Onor on the 5th of May; he was afterwards -transferred with his brigade to the second division, the -command of which he held, as senior officer, from July, 1811, -to April, 1812; he commanded the right column at the action -of Arroyo dos Molinos; stormed and took with part of his -brigade the forts Napoleon and Ragusa at Almaraz. In -November, 1812, he was appointed to the command of the -first brigade of foot guards in the first division, and in June, -1813, to the command of the division, which he held until -the end of the Peninsular war in 1814, being present at the -battle of Vittoria, attack on Tolosa, passage of the Bidassoa, -Nivelle, Nive, and Adour; investment of Bayonne, and -repulse of the sortie, besides various minor actions. Major-General -Howard received a medal and one clasp for Vittoria -and Nive. He was subsequently appointed Lieutenant-Governor -of Portsmouth,—a Knight Companion of the Most -Honorable Military Order of the Bath,—and, on the 24th of -October, 1816, he was appointed by the Prince Regent, in the -name, and on the behalf, of His Majesty King George III., -Colonel of the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment. He succeeded Richard, -the late Earl of Effingham, in the Barony, when the earldom -became extinct, on the 11th of December, 1816. On the 12th -of August, 1819, Lord Howard of Effingham was advanced to -the rank of lieut.-general, and on the 17th of March, 1820,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_21"></a>[21]</span> -was nominated a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the -Bath. On the 30th of January, 1832, his Lordship was removed -from the <span class="allsmcap">SEVENTIETH</span> regiment to the Third foot, or -the Buffs. On the 10th of January, 1837, his Lordship was -further advanced to the rank of general, and on the 21st of -that month was created, by His Majesty King William IV., -Earl of Effingham.</p> - -<p>His Lordship’s decease occurred at Brighton on the 13th -February, 1845.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Gage John Hall</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 30th January, 1832</em>.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<p class="p6 pfs60"> -LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET,<br /> -FOR HER MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE.<br /> -</p> - - -<hr class="p4 chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<div class="transnote"> -<a name="TN" id="TN"></a> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been -corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within -the text and consultation of external sources.</p> - -<p>Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, -and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained.</p> - -<p> -<a href="#tn-xxiii">Pg xxiii</a>: (ToC) added page number ‘ix’ to INTRODUCTION entry.<br /> -<a href="#tn-6">Pg 6</a>: ‘Great Britian’ replaced by ‘Great Britain’.<br /> -</p> -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE SEVENTIETH, OR, THE SURREY REGIMENT OF FOOT : CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT IN 1758, AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES TO 1848 ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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