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diff --git a/old/66629-0.txt b/old/66629-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 332d51b..0000000 --- a/old/66629-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3156 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Historical Record of the Sixty-first, or the -South Gloucestershire Regiment of Foot : containing an account of the -formation of the regiment in 1758, and of its subsequent services to 1844., -by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Historical Record of the Sixty-first, or the South - Gloucestershire Regiment of Foot : containing an account of the - formation of the regiment in 1758, and of its subsequent services to - 1844. - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: October 29, 2021 [eBook #66629] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online Distributed - Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was - produced from images made available by the HathiTrust Digital - Library.) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE -SIXTY-FIRST, OR THE SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT : CONTAINING AN -ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT IN 1758, AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT -SERVICES TO 1844. *** - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}, for example reg^t or 1^{er}. - - Footnote anchors are denoted by [number], and the footnotes have been - placed at the end of the book. - - The tables in this book are best viewed using a monospace font. - - The large wide table on page 67 and 68 in the original book has been - split into two parts, with the first column repeated in the second - part. - - Some minor changes to the text are noted at the end of the book. - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORDS - - OF - - THE BRITISH ARMY. - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - _HORSE-GUARDS_, - _1st January, 1836_. - -His Majesty has been pleased to command, that, with a view of doing -the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals who -have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with the -Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the British -Army shall be published under the superintendence and direction -of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall contain the -following particulars, viz., - ----- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of -the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time -employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations, in -which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any Achievement -it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, &c., it may have -captured from the Enemy. - ----- The Names of the Officers and the number of Non-Commissioned -Officers and Privates, Killed or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying -the Place and Date of the Action. - ----- The Names of those Officers, who, in consideration of their -Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the -Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other Marks -of His Majesty’s gracious favour. - ----- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers and -Privates as may have specially signalized themselves in Action. - -And, - ----- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been -permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges -or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honourable - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD, - _Adjutant-General_. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend -upon the zeal and ardour, by which all who enter into its service -are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that -any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which -alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object, than a full display of the noble deeds with which the -Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright -examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have -preceded him in their honourable career, are among the motives that -have given rise to the present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -“London Gazette,” from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the -time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and -admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, -the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on -the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their -orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill -and bravery, and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour -of their Sovereign’s Approbation, constitute the reward which the -soldier most highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) -for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services -and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in -obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty -having been pleased to command, that every Regiment shall in future -keep a full and ample record of its services at home and abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations which -chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In -Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and -where these pursuits have, for so long a period, been undisturbed -by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active -service, and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during -peace, the British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, -with little or no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country -derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to -reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on -their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which -so many national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and -steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against -superior numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the -Corps employed; but the details of their services, and of acts of -individual bravery, can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under His -Majesty’s special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk -of the Adjutant-General’s Office; and while the perusal of them -cannot fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every -rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and -information to the general reader, particularly to those who may -have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, -or are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment -to every thing belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a -narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great,--the -valiant,--the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with -a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race -of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood, “firm -as the rocks of their native shore;” and when half the World has -been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their -Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained -by our countrymen,--our brothers,--our fellow-citizens in arms,--a -record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their -gallant deeds before us, will certainly prove acceptable to the -public. - -Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers, will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value -and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment -will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall -be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF - - THE SIXTY-FIRST, - - OR, THE - - SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT - - OF - - FOOT: - - CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF - - THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT - IN 1758, - - AND OF - - ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES - TO 1844. - - - _ILLUSTRATED WITH A PLATE OF THE COLOURS AND - UNIFORM._ - - - LONDON: - PARKER, FURNIVALL, AND PARKER, - _MILITARY LIBRARY, WHITEHALL_. - - M.DCCC.XLIV. - - - - - LONDON: - HARRISON AND CO., PRINTERS, - ST. MARTIN’S LANE. - - - - - THE SIXTY-FIRST, - - OR, THE - - SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT - - OF - - FOOT, - - BEARS ON ITS REGIMENTAL COLOUR THE WORD - - “EGYPT,” - - WITH THE SPHINX: - - ALSO THE WORDS - - “TALAVERA,” “SALAMANCA,” “PYRENEES,” - “NIVELLE,” “NIVE,” “ORTHES,” - “TOULOUSE,” “PENINSULA,” - - TO COMMEMORATE ITS HEROIC CONDUCT IN THESE ACTIONS. - - - THE FLANK COMPANIES - - ALSO BEAR ON THEIR APPOINTMENTS THE WORD - - “MAIDA,” - - IN TESTIMONY OF THEIR DISTINGUISHED GALLANTRY - AT THE BATTLE OF MAIDA ON - THE 4TH OF JULY, - 1806. - - - - - CONTENTS. - - - Year Page - - 1758 Formation of the Regiment 10 - - ---- Names of Officers -- - - ---- Embarks for the West Indies 11 - - 1759 Capture of Guadeloupe -- - - 1760 Returns to England 12 - - 1763 Proceeds to Ireland -- - - 1771 Stationed at Minorca -- - - 1782 Returns to England 15 - - ---- Styled the South Gloucestershire Regiment -- - - 1783 Proceeds to Ireland -- - - 1792 Embarks for Gibraltar -- - - 1794 Proceeds to the West Indies -- - - 1795 Attack on St. Lucia -- - - 1796 Returns to England 16 - - 1797 Proceeds to Guernsey -- - - 1798 Embarks for the Cape of Good Hope -- - - 1801 Expedition to Egypt 17 - - 1803 Embarks for Malta 18 - - ---- A Second Battalion added to the establishment -- - - 1804 Second Battalion proceeds to Guernsey 19 - - 1805 First Battalion proceeds to Italy -- - - 1806 Second Battalion proceeds to Ireland 20 - - ---- Battle of Maida 21 - - 1807 Second Battalion returns to England 22 - - ---- First Battalion proceeds to Gibraltar 23 - - 1809 ---- ---- ---- ---- Portugal -- - - ---- Battle of Talavera -- - - 1810 Second Battalion proceeds to Ireland 25 - - ---- Battle of Busaco -- - - 1811 Blockade of the Fortress of Almeida 27 - - 1812 Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo 28 - - ---- ---- ---- the Forts of San Vincente, St. Cajetano, - and La Merced -- - - ---- Battle of Salamanca 29 - - ---- Siege of Burgos Castle 33 - - 1813 Battle of the Pyrenees 35 - - ---- Passage of the Nivelle 37 - - ---- ---- ---- ---- Nive 39 - - 1814 Blockade of Bayonne 40 - - ---- Battle of Orthes -- - - ---- ---- ---- Toulouse 41 - - ---- Embarks for Ireland 45 - - ---- Second Battalion disbanded 46 - - 1816 Proceeds to England -- - - ---- Embarks for Jamaica -- - - 1822 Returns to England -- - - 1824 Proceeds to Ireland -- - - 1828 Embarks for Ceylon 47 - - 1840 Returns to England 49 - - 1843 Proceeds to Ireland 52 - - ---- Conclusion 53 - - - SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. - - 1758 Granville Elliott 55 - - 1759 George Gray -- - - 1768 John Gore 56 - - 1773 John Barlow -- - - 1778 Staates Long Morriss 57 - - 1800 Sir George Hewett, Bart., G.C.B. -- - - 1840 Sir John Gardiner, K.C.B. 58 - - 1844 Sir Jeremiah Dickson, K.C.B. -- - - - APPENDIX. - - 1801 Lieut.-Colonel Barlow’s Journal of the March of a - Detachment from Cosseir to Kenè 59 - - 1809 } - to } Casualties during the Peninsular War 67 - 1814 } - - - PLATE. - - Colours, and Present Costume, to face page 9 - - -[Illustration: SIXTY-FIRST (THE SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE) REGIMENT OF -FOOT.] - - -[Illustration: SIXTY-FIRST (THE SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE) REGIMENT OF -FOOT.] - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF THE - -SIXTY-FIRST, - -OR - -THE SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT - -OF - -FOOT. - - -[Sidenote: 1755] - -[Sidenote: 1756] - -In the early part of the eighteenth century, the British Colonies -in North America were extended along the coast;--at the same -time, the Indian trade drew many persons into the interior of the -country, where they found a delightful climate, and a fruitful -soil; and a company of merchants obtained a charter for a tract -of land beyond the Allegany Mountains, where they commenced -establishing a settlement. The French laid claim to this part -of the country, drove away the settlers, and erected a fort to -command the entrance into the lands on the Ohio and the Mississippi -rivers. These aggressions giving indication of an approaching war, -the British army was augmented in the winter of 1755-6, and that -distinguished veteran corps, the THIRD REGIMENT OF FOOT, OR THE -BUFFS, was increased in numbers to twenty-two companies, and was -divided into two battalions in 1756. - -[Sidenote: 1757] - -In the summer of 1757, the THIRD Regiment formed part of an -expedition against the coast of France, the land forces being under -General Sir John Mordaunt, and the fleet commanded by Admiral -Sir Edward Hawke. The _Isle of Aix_ was captured in September, -and an attack on Rochefort was contemplated; but the wind proved -unfavourable, and the fleet returned to England. - -[Sidenote: 1758] - -In the spring of 1758, the SECOND BATTALION of the BUFFS was -constituted the “SIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT,” under the command of -Major-General Granville Elliott, from the Austrian service, by -commission dated the 21st of April; the lieut.-colonelcy was -conferred on Major John Barlow, of the Buff’s, and the majority -on Captain Christopher Teesdale, senior captain of the Buffs. The -Regiment, being thus formed from the THIRD Foot, was permitted to -assume the Buff facing. - -After its formation, the regiment was encamped at Chatham, with the -Thirty-seventh and Sixty-fifth, under Major-General the Earl of -Panmure. - -The following officers were holding commissions in the regiment:-- - - _Colonel_, MAJOR-GENERAL GRANVILLE ELLIOTT. - _Lieut.-Colonel_, JOHN BARLOW. - _Major_, CHRISTOPHER TEESDALE. - - - _Captains._ - - James Patterson - A. Singleton - Thomas Hardcastle - M. Brabazon - Roger Crowle - William Buckley - John Barford - - - _Captain-Lieutenant._ - - William Gunning - - - _Lieutenants._ - - John Acklom - W. Peyton - John Rowland - John Waugh - John Read - N. Doolan - Peter Maturin - S. Pearce - John Poole - William Wilson - F. Blomberg - A. Leishman - D. Gilchrist - Thomas Brown - G. V. Chetwode - R. Beatson - R. Kelly - J. Badger - - - _Ensigns._ - - John Skinner - John Ireland - Jarvis Palmer - John Keir - Edward Crowe - Samuel Horner - James Savage - John Arbuthnot - - _Chaplain_, George Shaw; - _Adjutant_, William Gunning; - _Surgeon_, Peter Johnston; - _Quarter-Master_, Samuel Grey. - -Towards the end of the year the regiment embarked for the West -Indies, with the armament sent against the French West India -Islands, under Major-General Hopson and Commodore Moore. - -[Sidenote: 1759] - -On the 16th of January, 1759, the troops landed on the island of -_Martinico_; but so many difficulties were encountered, that they -were re-embarked, and the attack on this island was abandoned. - -From Martinico the fleet proceeded to _Guadeloupe_, and the -forts and batteries on the shore having been silenced by the -ships-of-war, the troops landed on the 24th of January, and took -possession of the town and citadel of Basse-Terre; the French -soldiers and inhabitants, with their armed negroes, retired to the -mountains, and prepared for a desperate defence of the interior of -the island. - -For three months hostilities were continued on the island, and -during this period the officers and soldiers of the SIXTY-FIRST -evinced valour and perseverance in carrying operations against, -and making attacks on, the posts occupied by the enemy. Captain -William Gunning, of the regiment, was killed at the attack of -a hill near _Fort Louis_; “he was an excellent officer, and -universally lamented by the army[1].” Lieut.-Colonel Barlow -distinguished himself at the head of a detachment at the capture -of _St. Maries_, when a party of the SIXTY-FIRST penetrated a -thick wood, and gained the rear of a strong post, from which the -French were soon driven. The regiment also made a very determined -effort to penetrate the woody mountains, and turn the enemy’s main -position, and the operations of the day were successful. After much -desultory fighting, the French were forced to surrender the island. -The SIXTY-FIRST had a number of men killed and wounded; and others -died from the effects of the climate: the loss of the regiment in -officers was Capt.-Lieutenant William Gunning killed; Lieutenant -John Rowland wounded; Ensign Samuel Horner died. The conduct of the -officers and soldiers of the SIXTY-FIRST was commended in orders. - -On the decease of Major-General Elliott, he was succeeded in the -colonelcy of the regiment by Lieut.-Colonel George Gray, from the -first troop, now first regiment, of Life Guards. - -[Sidenote: 1760] - -[Sidenote: 1763] - -The regiment, having become considerably reduced in numbers, -returned to England to recruit, and in the summer of 1760 it was -encamped at Chatham; in 1761 it proceeded to the islands of Jersey -and Guernsey, where it was stationed until the termination of the -seven years’ war; and in 1763 it proceeded to Ireland, where it -remained seven years. - -On the 9th of May, 1768, Major-General Gray was removed to the -Thirty-seventh Regiment; and King George III. conferred the -colonelcy of the SIXTY-FIRST on Major-General John Gore, from -lieutenant-colonel in the Third Foot Guards. - -[Sidenote: 1771] - -Three years afterwards the regiment was removed from Ireland, and -stationed at the island of Minorca, which had been captured by -the British in 1708, and was ceded to Queen Anne by the treaty of -Utrecht in 1713. - -[Sidenote: 1778] - -Lieut.-General Gore was removed to the Sixth Foot in 1773, when the -colonelcy of the SIXTY-FIRST was conferred on the lieut.-colonel -of the regiment, Colonel John Barlow; who was succeeded, in -1778, by Major-General Staates Long Morriss, whose regiment, the -Eighty-ninth, had been disbanded at the termination of the seven -years’ war. - -[Sidenote: 1772] - -[Sidenote: 1779] - -[Sidenote: 1781] - -In the mean time the American war had commenced; France had united -with the revolted British provinces in their resistance; and Spain -also commenced hostilities against Great Britain, and undertook -the siege of Gibraltar in 1779. The capture of _Minorca_ was also -contemplated by the court of Spain; and in the middle of August, -1781, a powerful Spanish and French armament appeared before the -island. The British troops employed on the detached stations were -withdrawn, and the whole assembled in the citadel of St. Philip, -the garrison of which place consisted of the Fifty-first and -SIXTY-FIRST Regiments, two corps of Hanoverians (viz., Prince -Ernest’s and Goldacker’s regiments), and a proportion of artillery, -the whole amounting to two thousand five hundred men, commanded -by Lieut.-General the Hon. James Murray, and Lieut.-General Sir -William Draper, K.B. The combined French and Spanish forces -mustered sixteen thousand men, commanded by Lieutenant-General the -Duke of Crillon, who proved an officer of ability. The British -garrison, however, made a resolute defence of the fortress -intrusted to their charge; and the King of Spain, losing patience -with the slow progress of the siege, caused a large sum of money -to be offered to the British general, to induce him to betray his -trust, which was rejected with indignation[2]. - -[Sidenote: 1782] - -For several months the British soldiers defended St. Philip with -great gallantry; but at length the scurvy, a putrid fever, and the -dysentery, broke out among them with so much violence, that in the -beginning of February, 1782, there was not a sufficient number of -men able to bear arms for one relief of the ordinary guards, and -not one hundred men free from disease. Under these circumstances -the governor capitulated. - -Lieut.-General the Honorable James Murray stated, in his -despatch,--“I flatter myself that all Europe will agree that the -brave garrison showed uncommon heroism, and that thirst for glory -which has ever distinguished the troops of my royal master.... Such -was the uncommon spirit of the King’s soldiers, that they concealed -their diseases and inability rather than go into the hospital; -several men died on guard, after having stood sentry: their fate -was not discovered until called upon for the relief, when it came -to their turn to mount sentry again.... Perhaps a more noble, nor -a more tragical scene was ever exhibited than that of the march of -the garrison of St. Philip through the Spanish and French lines. -It consisted of no more than six hundred decrepid soldiers; two -hundred seamen, one hundred and twenty royal artillery, twenty -Corsicans, and twenty-five Greeks, &c. Such was the distressing -appearance of our men, that many of the Spanish and French soldiers -are said to have shed tears.” - -In the articles of capitulation the Duke of Crillon stated,--“No -troops ever gave greater proofs of heroism than this poor worn-out -garrison of St. Philip’s Castle, who have defended themselves -almost to the last man.” Beatson, the historian of these wars, -states,--“The zeal, bravery, and constancy, displayed by all the -corps composing the garrison of St. Philip, under an accumulation -of misfortunes, may have been equalled, but never exceeded.” - -[Sidenote: 1783] - -Returning to England after the surrender of Fort St. Philip, -the regiment was engaged in recruiting its numbers until the -termination of the war; in August, 1782, it received the county -title of the SIXTY-FIRST, or the SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE Regiment: -and in 1783, it proceeded to Ireland. - -[Sidenote: 1792] - -The regiment was stationed in Ireland until the spring of 1792, -when it proceeded to Gibraltar. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -[Sidenote: 1794] - -While the regiment was at Gibraltar the French revolutionary war -commenced, and in 1794 the French West India islands of Martinico, -St. Lucia, and Guadeloupe were captured. The French republican -government fitted out an expedition for the recovery of the -conquered islands, and some success attended their efforts. This -occurrence occasioned an order to be received for the SIXTY-FIRST -Regiment to be embarked from Gibraltar to reinforce the British -troops in the West Indies, where it arrived in December, and landed -at the island of Martinico. - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -From Martinico the regiment proceeded to _St. Lucia_, and was -engaged in the attack of the French troops on that island in April, -1795, under the orders of Brigadier-General Stewart. Some severe -fighting took place; the regiment had several men wounded on the -14th of April; and on 22nd of that month it had nine men killed; -Captains Riddle and Whelan, Lieutenants Grant and Moore, Ensign -Butler, seven serjeants, two drummers, and fifty-three rank and -file wounded; five rank and file prisoners. A series of actions -followed, in which considerable loss was sustained. The enemy being -reinforced, obtained so great a superiority of numbers, that it was -found necessary to evacuate the island in June, when the regiment -returned to Martinico. - -[Sidenote: 1796] - -In the following year an armament, under Lieut.-General Sir -Ralph Abercromby re-captured St. Lucia and other islands. The -SIXTY-FIRST Regiment having lost nearly four hundred men by -disease, killed in action, died of wounds, &c., it embarked for -England, where it arrived in October, and commenced recruiting its -ranks. - -[Sidenote: 1797] - -The regiment embarked for Guernsey in 1797. - -[Sidenote: 1798] - -[Sidenote: 1799] - -Holland had, in the mean time, become united to France, and in -1795 the Cape of Good Hope was captured by a British armament. -A rebellion breaking out on the frontiers of the colony, the -SIXTY-FIRST embarked for the Cape of Good Hope in the summer of -1798; the regiment arrived at that settlement in January, 1799, and -was stationed there upwards of two years. - -During its stay at the Cape of Good Hope, the regiment was -employed against the hardy and warlike tribes of _Kafirs_, who -committed depredations in the colony. On one occasion the light -infantry company marched upwards of forty miles in one day, to -support a detachment of the Eighth Light Dragoons, in an attack -upon the Kafirs, and the timely appearance of the soldiers of the -SIXTY-FIRST contributed to the success gained on that occasion. - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -The SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, with a detachment of the Eighty-first, -built a block-house, and threw up works at Algoa Bay, and thus -commenced the formation of a settlement at that place, which has -since risen into importance. - -On the decease of General Morriss, King George III. conferred the -colonelcy of the regiment on Major-General George Hewitt, from -Colonel-Commandant of the second battalion of the Fifth Regiment, -by commission dated the 4th of April, 1800. - -[Sidenote: 1801] - -In February, 1801, four companies of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment -embarked from the Cape of Good Hope, for a secret service; but they -were afterwards directed to join the Indian army commanded by -Major-General Baird, destined to proceed up the Red Sea, traverse -the Desert, and co-operate, with the troops from Europe, in the -expulsion of the French “_Army of the East_” from Egypt. The -remaining six companies of the regiment sailed from the Cape of -Good Hope on the 30th of March, under the orders of Lieut.-Colonel -Carruthers, to join the expedition in the Red Sea. - -The army from India arrived at the port of Cosseir on the Red Sea -in June, and marched through the Desert to Kenna on the Nile, -by divisions. The four companies of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, a -detachment of the Tenth Foot, and a party of the Eighth Light -Dragoons, mustering five hundred and eighty-two soldiers, under -Lieut.-Colonel Barlow, of the SIXTY-FIRST[3], commenced their march -from Cosseir through the Desert on the 18th of July; they suffered -much from excessive heat, thirst, and the fatigue of a long march -through a sandy desert, and arrived at Kenna in ten days. The other -companies landed at Cosseir on the 10th of July, and commenced -their march on the 20th of that month for Kenna, where they arrived -in nine days, with the loss of only one man, a drummer, who died of -fatigue. When the company, to which the drummer belonged, arrived -at camp, he was missed, and Private Andrew Connell asked permission -to return, notwithstanding the previous fatigue he had undergone, -and assist the drummer: his humane exertions were, however, -unavailing, as he found the drummer dead. This humane conduct -brought Andrew Connell into notice, and he was eventually promoted -to a commission in the regiment. - -On the 2nd of August the regiment embarked in seventeen d’jirms -(boats), and proceeded down the river Nile, about four hundred -miles, to Cairo, which city had surrendered to the British troops a -short time previously. The regiment afterwards continued its route -down the Nile to the vicinity of Rosetta. The siege of Alexandria -was carried on with vigour, and the deliverance of Egypt was -completed by the surrender of the French garrison in the beginning -of September. - -The SIXTY-FIRST received, in common with the other corps which -served on this expedition, the honor of bearing on their colours -the word “EGYPT” with the Sphinx, as a distinguished mark of His -Majesty’s royal approbation of their conduct: the officers were -permitted to accept of gold medals from the Grand Seignior. - -After the departure of the French troops, the regiment was -quartered a short time at Alexandria, and afterwards in Fort -Charles. - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -The deliverance of Egypt was followed by a treaty of peace, which -was concluded in the spring of 1802. In this year the regiment -quitted Fort Charles, and encamped near Alexandria. - -[Sidenote: 1803] - -Hostilities were resumed with France in 1803; and in March of the -same year the regiment embarked from Egypt for the island of Malta, -where it was stationed two years. - -Napoleon Bonaparte having assembled a numerous army at Boulogne, -and made preparations for the invasion of England, the British -military establishment was considerably augmented, and a _second -battalion_ was formed and added to the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment; -it was composed of men raised in the counties of Durham and -Northumberland, under the provisions of the Army of Reserve Act, -passed in the summer of 1803, and was placed on the establishment -of the army on the 9th of July. - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -The strength of the second battalion was augmented in 1804, with -the men raised in the county of Northumberland under the provisions -of the Additional Force Act, passed in July of that year. On the -10th of October the battalion embarked from Ramsgate for the Island -of Guernsey, where it was stationed during the following year. - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -While the first battalion was at Malta, Bonaparte was elevated to -the dignity of Emperor of France and King of Italy, and in 1805 he -marched his armies into Germany to crush the combination forming -against his interests. - -At this memorable period the regiment embarked from Malta, and -sailed for Italy with the force under Lieut.-General Sir James -Craig, designed to support the interests of the allies in that -quarter. - -A treaty of neutrality had been concluded between France and -Naples, by which Napoleon agreed to withdraw his troops from the -Neapolitan territory, where they had been stationed since the -commencement of the war with England; and the King of Naples was -bound not to admit the fleet or armies of any state at war with -France into his ports or territory. These articles were, however, -violated; an English and Russian armament appeared in the Bay of -Naples in November, 1805, and the SIXTY-FIRST, and several other -British regiments, landed at that city. This provoked the wrath -of Napoleon; and the great success of the French arms in Germany -having enabled their ambitious sovereign to assume the tone of -a dictator, on the morning after the signature of the peace of -Presburg, he issued a proclamation declaring, “The Neapolitan -dynasty had ceased to reign,” and denouncing vengeance against the -family he had thus resolved to dethrone, in terms which left no -hope of accommodation. - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -The Russians withdrew from Naples; and the British, under -Lieut.-General Sir James Craig, were too few in numbers to think of -defending the kingdom against the powerful armies which Napoleon -sent against that devoted country, in the early part of 1806, under -Joseph Bonaparte. - -The SIXTY-FIRST embarked from Naples in January, 1806; the King -and Queen quitted their capital, and proceeded to the island of -Sicily, which was preserved in their interest by the British; the -SIXTY-FIRST were landed at the city of Messina, on the north-east -side of Sicily, and were stationed there several weeks. The -Neapolitans abandoned their royal family to its fate, and submitted -to the dictates of Napoleon, who issued a decree conferring the -crown of Naples on his brother Joseph: the city of Naples was -illuminated, and the nobles were eager to shew their attachment to -their new King. Insurrections occurred in several places; but the -French arms were successful, and the provinces became tranquil. - -On the 26th of February the second battalion embarked from Guernsey -for Ireland, and landed at Cork in March. - -It was important to England that Sicily should not fall under the -dominion of France, and the restoration of Ferdinand IV. to the -throne of Naples, was never lost sight of. Preparations being made -on the opposite coast of Calabria, for the invasion of Sicily, -Major-General Stuart, commanding the British troops in Sicily, -formed the design of cutting off the French division under General -Regnier: the flank companies of the SIXTY-FIRST[4] were formed -in flank battalions, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel James Kempt -and Lieut.-Colonel R. W. O’Callaghan, and being employed on this -enterprise, they had the honor of distinguishing themselves at the -battle of _Maida_, on the 4th of July. - -On this occasion the light battalion, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel -James Kempt, of which the light company of the SIXTY-FIRST formed -part, was directly opposed to the celebrated French regiment, _Le -1^{er} Leger_; the two corps fired a few rounds at about a hundred -yards’ distance, and then advancing simultaneously to the charge, -both preserved great steadiness until the bayonets began to cross, -when British prowess proved victorious; the French faced about and -fled; they were pursued, and great slaughter made with the bayonet. -British valour was triumphant at every part of the field, and the -boasted invincible legions of Napoleon were proved to be inferior -to the English in close combat with the bayonet. - -The British minister at Palermo, writing to the Secretary of State, -observed,--“The battle of Maida, upon the 4th of July, will long -be remembered in this part of Europe, as a remarkable proof of the -superiority of British courage and discipline over an arrogant -and cruel enemy. Of the nine thousand men whom General Regnier -commanded in the province of Calabria ulterior, not more than -three thousand are left to attempt their retreat towards Apulia; -the remainder are all either killed, wounded, or made prisoners. -Every fort along the coast,--all the stores, ammunition, and -artillery prepared for the attack upon Sicily, are become the prey -of the victors; and what, perhaps, may be considered of still more -consequence than these advantages, an indelible impression is made -in this country of the superior bravery and discipline of the -British troops.” - -In forwarding a vote of thanks to Major-General Stuart, and -the troops under his orders, from the House of Lords, the Lord -Chancellor stated,--“Reflecting upon the disasters which have -fallen upon powerful princes, and populous territories, under the -pressure of the vast armies of France, I recollect, at the same -time, that they were not defended by British soldiers, and that, -when the triumphal monuments of Paris shall record the victories -of Austerlitz and Jena, it shall appear upon the less ostentatious -journals of a British Parliament, that upon the plains of Maida her -choicest battalions fell beneath the bayonets of half the number of -our brave countrymen, under your direction and that of the officers -who were your glorious companions.” - -Major-General Stuart was rewarded with the dignity of a Knight of -the Bath; and was created Count of Maida by the King of the Two -Sicilies. Medals were given to commanding officers,--the first -instance in the British army. The word “MAIDA,” on the appointments -of the grenadiers and light infantry of the SIXTY-FIRST, -commemorates the gallant conduct of the flank companies on this -occasion. - -Shortly after the victory at Maida, the battalion companies of the -SIXTY-FIRST quitted Messina, and proceeded to Scylla and Calabria. - -[Sidenote: 1807] - -The second battalion, after remaining in Ireland ten months, -received orders to return to England; it embarked from Dublin -on the 4th of February, 1807, and landed at Liverpool two days -afterwards. - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -At this period the decrees of Napoleon, Emperor of France, for -the annihilation of British commerce, were in operation, and the -French emperor demanded that the court of Portugal should exclude -British shipping from their ports, and confiscate the property -of British merchants. This being refused, a French army under -Marshal Junot, (afterwards Duke of Abrantes,) advanced to invade -Portugal: when the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment embarked from Sicily, with -the troops under Major-General Moore, to aid the Portuguese; but -arriving at Gibraltar in December, it was there ascertained that -the royal family of Portugal had abandoned the country, and fled -to the Brazils: under these circumstances the regiment landed -at Gibraltar, where it remained during the year 1808, receiving -reinforcements from time to time from the second battalion, which -was removed to Guernsey in the summer of this year. - -While the regiment was at Gibraltar, Portugal was delivered from -the power of France by British skill and valour; but Spain was -subject to the oppression of Napoleon, who had removed his brother -Joseph from the throne of Naples, and caused him to be proclaimed -King of Spain. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -In the summer of 1809, the regiment was ordered to proceed to -Portugal, to take part in the attempt to deliver the Peninsula; -it embarked from Gibraltar on the 9th of June, arrived at Lisbon -in eleven days, and advancing up the country, joined the army -commanded by Lieut.-General Sir Arthur Wellesley, at Oropesa, where -it was attached to Brigadier-General Cameron’s brigade, in the -first division, commanded by Major-General Sherbrooke. - -The regiment shared in the movements and privations which preceded -the battle of _Talavera_; and when the army formed in position, -it was posted, with its division, in the front line, and near the -centre of the British troops, with the light infantry among the -underwood and trees in front of the line. On the evening of the -27th of July, the enemy made a determined attack on the height -on the left of the position, when the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment was -moved to the support of the troops attacked, who repulsed their -opponents with the bayonet, and the regiment returned to its former -post, having lost three men killed; Major Robert John Coghlan, and -three soldiers wounded. Another attack on the left was repulsed -early on the following morning. - -About mid-day on the 28th of July, the numerous artillery of the -enemy opened a heavy fire, under the cover of which the columns -of attack advanced against the British line. The French bullets -smote the ranks of the SIXTY-FIRST with fatal effect, and one -shell killed four grenadiers and wounded three others. The French -battalions cleared the ravine, and ascended the position in full -assurance of victory; but they were received with a general fire -of all arms, and charged with bayonets with so much vigour, that -they were speedily forced back: the SIXTY-FIRST closed on their -adversaries with distinguished gallantry, and following up their -first advantage, drove the French beyond the ravine. Having become -broken by a rapid advance over rugged ground abounding with -obstructions, the regiment re-formed its ranks under a heavy fire. -The distinguished conduct of Corporal Rose, on this occasion, was -rewarded with the rank of serjeant in the field, and a subsequent -display of zeal for the service, procured him a commission. - -The French were repulsed at all points, and they retired during the -night. - -Major Henry Francis Orpen, Captain Henry James, Lieutenant Daniel -James Hemus, one drummer, and forty-two rank and file were killed; -Captains Andrew Hartley, William Furnace, James Laing, and David -Goodman, Lieutenants Graves Collins, H. T. Tench, George McLean, -and James Given, Ensign William Brackenbury, Adjutant Richard Drew, -ten serjeants, and one hundred and eighty-three rank and file -wounded; sixteen rank and file missing. - -Lieutenant-Colonel Saunders and Major Coghlan received gold medals; -and the royal authority was given for the regiment to bear the word -“TALAVERA” on its colours, to commemorate its distinguished conduct -on this occasion. - -At the battle of Talavera full proof was given of the qualities -of British soldiers; but the superior numbers which the enemy -was afterwards enabled to bring forward, prevented the victory -being followed by decisive results, and retrograde movements -became necessary. On the advance of the enemy, the Spaniards -abandoned Talavera, and the wounded officers and soldiers of the -SIXTY-FIRST fell into the hands of the French. During the retreat -much suffering was endured from the want of provision, and while -the army was in position on the Guadiana, a fever broke out which -thinned the ranks. In the autumn the SIXTY-FIRST were gratified, -amidst their sufferings and losses, by the arrival of Major Coghlan -and Adjutant Drew, who had escaped from prison at Madrid. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -Three hundred men joined from the second battalion in February, -1810, and thus restored the regiment to its former numbers. In -April the second battalion proceeded from Guernsey to Ireland. - -Continuing with the first division of the allied army, the regiment -proceeded to the northern frontiers of Portugal to meet the French -invading army, under Marshal Massena, who boasted that he would -drive the English into the sea, and plant the eagles of France -on the towers of Lisbon; and he possessed so great a superiority -of numbers, that the allied army was forced to retreat before -him. Suddenly the rugged rocks of _Busaco_ were seen sparkling -with British bayonets, assembled to oppose his advance, and the -desperate attempts made by the French veterans to force the -position, on the 27th of September, were met by a resistance -which they could not overcome. The SIXTY-FIRST were in position on -this occasion, and the light company skirmished with the French -marksmen; but the regiment was not seriously engaged. - -The French having turned the position by a flank movement, the -British army withdrew to the fortified lines of _Torres Vedras_, -where the invading army found its progress arrested by a barrier -which it did not venture to attack, and after halting a few weeks -before the lines in hopeless inactivity, retreated to a strong -position at Santarem. - -On arriving at the lines, the SIXTY-FIRST were removed to the -fourth division, and stationed at the village of Caxaria, and it -was in position every morning two hours before daylight to resist -any attack the enemy might be disposed to make. The regiment was -subsequently removed to the sixth division, with which its services -are identified during the remainder of the war; it was united in -brigade with the Eleventh and Fifty-third Regiments, commanded by -Brigadier-General Hulse. - -After the retreat of the French to Santarem, the regiment was -stationed at the Convent of Alenquer, where several officers and -men were taken suddenly ill, and the only remaining monk suggested, -that it was probably occasioned by the water,--the French having, -on their retreat, cast several dead men into the well in the centre -of the square, to save the trouble of burying them: on examination -this proved to be true,--and the sensations produced by the -discovery may be easily conceived. In a few days afterwards the -regiment was removed to the hamlet of Arunda. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -Unable to fulfil his menace of driving the English into the sea, -and having consumed all the provisions he could procure, the -French Marshal retreated from his position at Santarem, on the 5th -of March, 1811, and the SIXTY-FIRST were engaged in following -the retreat of the enemy to the frontiers of Portugal: they were -afterwards employed, with their division, in the blockade of the -fortress of _Almeida_, and were quartered at the village of Junca, -from whence they furnished a daily piquet near the works. - -The French army advancing to relieve Almeida, the SIXTY-FIRST -quitted the blockade, and were in position when the French were -repulsed at _Fuentes d’Onor_; but did not sustain any loss. - -Resuming its quarters at Junca, the regiment again furnished -piquets before Almeida. An unusual noise during the night of the -11th of May occasioned the regiment to assemble at its alarm post, -and march towards Almeida; the grenadier company advanced to the -walls, and Captain Furnace discovered a chasm in the works, at -which he entered and ascertained that the French garrison had blown -up a great part of the works, and evacuated the fortress; when -Major Coghlan ordered a guard of one hundred men to take possession -of the town, which was found much injured by the explosions. - -Lord Wellington having undertaken the siege of Badajoz, Marshals -Soult and Marmont marched the armies under their orders to the -relief of that fortress, when the SIXTY-FIRST proceeded with their -division to the Alemtejo, and were in position on the Caya. The -French armies having separated, the regiment again traversed the -country towards the Agueda; and in September the light company, -under Captain Owen, distinguished itself by repulsing, by its -steady fire, the attack of several squadrons of French dragoons, -who had driven back a body of British cavalry near Ciudad Rodrigo, -when Marshal Marmont relieved the blockade of that fortress. - -After retiring a few miles before the superior numbers of the -enemy, the regiment went into winter quarters, where it received a -draft of two hundred men from the second battalion. - -Colonel Saunders being promoted to the rank of major-general, -Lieut.-Colonel Barlow arrived in Portugal to command the first -battalion, and Lieut.-Colonel Coghlan proceeded to Ireland to -command the second battalion. Lieut.-Colonel Coghlan had commanded -the first battalion during two campaigns. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -In January, 1812, the regiment was employed in covering the siege -of _Ciudad Rodrigo_, which fortress was captured by assault during -the night of the 19th of that month. The regiment afterwards -traversed the country to the Alemtejo, from whence it advanced -across the Guadiana, and was employed in Spanish Estremadura during -the siege of Badajoz, which fortress was captured by assault on the -6th of April. After these brilliant enterprises were completed, -the regiment returned to the northern frontiers of Portugal, and -marched to sustain the troops which destroyed the French works at -the bridge of Almarez. - -Advancing into Spain, the allied army drove a French corps from -the city of _Salamanca_, which was taken possession of amidst -the rejoicings of the inhabitants, and the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment -was one of the corps employed in the siege of the forts of San -Vincente, St. Cajetano, and La Merced, in which the French had -left garrisons. On the night of the 22nd of June the light company -was engaged in an attempt to capture St. Cajetano and La Merced by -escalade, when Captain JOHN OWEN led the assault with distinguished -gallantry; he had gained the top of one of the ladders, and was in -the act of entering the fort, when he was shot through the left -arm, which was dreadfully shattered, and the next moment another -shot in the shoulder precipitated him into the ditch. Private -_Charles Carr_ saw his Captain fall, and leaping into the ditch -under a heavy fire raised the fallen Captain,--called a comrade to -his aid, and they carried their officer to a place of safety. The -attack failed. Captain Owen was promoted to the rank of major, and -on receiving the usual pension for the loss of his arm, he settled -an annuity upon Private Charles Carr. - -The regiment sustained considerable loss on this occasion in killed -and wounded, and among the latter was Lieutenant Given. - -Some delay took place in the capture of the convents, from the want -of ammunition; but a supply having been received, they were reduced -before the end of June. - -From Salamanca the regiment advanced to the banks of the Douro, and -when the French army passed the river and advanced, the British -fell back a few stages. - -On the 22nd of July, the opposing armies manœuvred near -_Salamanca_, and the French commander making a faulty movement, -the British general ordered his divisions forward and commenced -the battle. For some time the SIXTY-FIRST were formed, with -their division, behind the village of Arapiles, to support the -fourth division, which was engaged upon a rising ground beyond -the village; the regiment was exposed to a heavy cannonade; and -the village was soon in flames from the bursting of shells. The -fourth division being pressed by very superior numbers, the sixth -division advanced at a running pace to its support, and on passing -the village of Arapiles the SIXTY-FIRST opened their fire; but -the French soldiers were so mingled with the men of the fourth -division, that the regiment ceased firing for fear of destroying -friends as well as enemies. The French carried the hill, and, -elated with success, rushed forward with great impetuosity; but -the Eleventh and SIXTY-FIRST gave three cheers, fired a volley, and -charged with bayonets with so much resolution that the torrent of -battle was arrested, and, after a desperate effort, the French were -overpowered, and the hill was re-captured. Lieut.-Colonel Barlow, -Major Downing, eight other officers, and about a hundred soldiers -had fallen; but the survivors pressed upon their opponents with -the bayonet until ordered to halt on the low ground beyond the -hill. The French rallied under a cloud of skirmishers, and appeared -intent on attempting to recover the hill. At this moment the -regiment was exposed to the fire of a number of sharpshooters, and -a numerous artillery, it was threatened with a charge of infantry, -and a hostile body of cavalry was manœuvring on its left, yet it -was as steady as on an ordinary parade; the surviving officers and -soldiers formed four divisions two deep, and prepared to charge -with their gallant associates of the Eleventh Regiment. Colonel -Napier states, in his _History of the Peninsular War_,--“The -struggle was no slight one. The men of General Hulse’s brigade, -which was on the left, went down by hundreds, and the SIXTY-FIRST -and Eleventh Regiments won their way desperately, and through such -a fire as British soldiers only can sustain.” The southern ridge -was regained, and “the reserve of Boyer’s dragoons coming on at a -canter, were met and broken by the fire of Hulse’s noble brigade. -Then the changing current of the fight once more set for the -British.” In this second advance the Eleventh and SIXTY-FIRST drove -the enemy before them a considerable distance. The two regiments -then halted, and being within range of the enemy’s artillery, -Major-General Hulse directed the men to sit down; but the French -fire occasioned many casualties, and the major-general called the -commanding officers of regiments forward and directed them to -acquaint their men with his intention of attacking the heights -in front. This was answered by three cheers from the surviving -officers and men, and an immediate advance, under a destructive -fire from the French artillery and skirmishers; but the brigade -pressed gallantly forward and speedily gained the summit. The -French formed column. The Eleventh and SIXTY-FIRST changed front, -and opening their fire, soon forced the enemy to retire. The -officers and serjeants with the colours of the SIXTY-FIRST fell -under the enemy’s fire, when the colours were seized by Privates -_William Crawford_ and _Nicholas Coulson_, who carried them to -the top of the hill. Crawford was instantly promoted to serjeant; -the same rank was offered to Coulson, but he answered that he was -over-rewarded already by the cheers and thanks of his comrades, and -the approbation of his officers. Serjeant Crawford fell a sacrifice -to his gallantry in a subsequent engagement. - -Lieutenants Wolfe and Armstrong took charge of the colours, and -the regiment continued to advance. The sixth division was engaged -towards the close of the action, in forcing the French from the -last height on which they ventured to make a stand: and when -darkness put an end to the fight, the British were victorious at -every part of the field; at the same time the broken remains of the -French army were hurrying from the scene of disaster in confusion. - -The loss of the SIXTY-FIRST on this occasion was very -severe,--Lieut.-Colonel Barlow, Captains Stubbs, Horton, and -Favell, Lieutenants Chawner and Parker, Ensign Bere, three -serjeants, one drummer, and thirty-five rank and file, killed; -Major Downing, Captains Oke, McLeod, and Greene, Lieutenants -Falkner, Daniel, Chapman, Chipchase, Furnace, Gloster, Collis, -Wolfe, Brackenbury, Royal, and Toole, Ensigns White and Singleton, -twenty-two serjeants, one drummer, and two hundred and eighty rank -and file, wounded. Major Downing died of his wounds[5]. - -Captain Annesley, who commanded the regiment at the close of -the action, received a gold medal; and the word “SALAMANCA” was -inscribed on the colours, by royal authority, to commemorate its -distinguished gallantry on this memorable occasion. - -Shortly after the battle of Salamanca the command of a brigade in -the fifth division was conferred on Major-General Hulse, who took -leave of the brigade he had previously commanded in the following -orders:--“His Excellency the Commander of the Forces having been -pleased to remove Major-General Hulse to the command of a brigade -in the fifth division, the major-general cannot leave the officers -and soldiers of the brigade he had the honor and happiness to -command for nearly two years, without assuring them how fully -satisfied he has ever been with their excellent conduct, both in -quarters and in the field, during that period. The major-general -wishes, most pointedly, to express how much he feels indebted to -them for their steadiness and determined courage displayed in the -action of the 22nd instant. It will ever be to him a source of -the greatest pride to have had the honor to command them on that -glorious day. Never did British troops acquit themselves in a more -gallant style! and Major-General Hulse hopes all will accept his -best thanks for their exemplary conduct, and his warmest wishes for -their future welfare.” - -After pursuing the broken remains of the French army to Valladolid, -the British General marched to Madrid, leaving the SIXTY-FIRST, -and a few other corps, at the town of Cuellar, situate on the -declivity of a hill in the province of Segovia. The French army -being reinforced, advanced down the Pisuerga valley, when the -British infantry removed to Arevalo, and the French took possession -of Valladolid. Lord Wellington returning from Madrid, the French -again retreated, and the British advanced up the beautiful Pisuerga -and Arlanzan valley to _Burgos_, and commenced the siege of the -castle, in which service the SIXTY-FIRST were engaged; many of the -officers and soldiers having recovered of their wounds, were again -at the post of honor, and the regiment mustered about two hundred -men, under Captains Sparrow, Greene, and Annesley, Lieutenants -McLean, Furnace, Wolfe, Armstrong, and Harris. Lieutenant Stuart -was attached to the engineer department, and was severely wounded. - -For a short time the regiment was encamped about a mile from the -fortress, but afterwards removed to the Hopital del Rey. Captain -Annesley and a party of the regiment distinguished themselves at -the storming of the outworks on the 4th of October, for which they -were thanked in orders by Colonel Bingham, the field officer on -duty in the trenches at the time. The distinguished gallantry of -Private Edmonstone, on this occasion, was rewarded with the rank of -serjeant. - -On one occasion, the post occupied by a small piquet, under -Lieutenant Armstrong, was destroyed by a mine, which killed and -wounded two-thirds of the piquet; the enemy at the same time -making a sortie. The lieutenant was thrown some distance by the -explosion, but was not seriously injured; and he took possession, -with the surviving men, of some houses, and by a steady fire forced -the French to retire within their works;--Lieutenant Armstrong -humorously observing, “My cloak is on the post, and the French -shall not even possess that as a trophy.” On another occasion, -Lieutenant Harris and a party of the regiment evinced great -intrepidity on the glacis. - -The concentration of the enemy’s numerous forces rendered it -necessary for the British to raise the siege of Burgos Castle and -retire, and the SIXTY-FIRST shared in the fatigues and privations -of this retrograde movement. On one occasion the light company, -under Lieutenant Wolfe, was employed in retarding the passage of a -river by the enemy; and the regiment also aided in the destruction -of one of the bridges across the Douro. The regiment arrived -at the frontiers of Portugal, without losing more than one man -during the retreat. It proceeded into quarters under the orders of -Lieut.-Colonel Coghlan; and was joined by a strong detachment from -the second battalion during the winter. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -The progress of military organization in Portugal and Spain, with -the arrival of reinforcements from England, enabled the British -commander to take the field in May, 1813, with a formidable army. -He drove the French from Salamanca, turned their positions on the -Douro, and forced them back in disorder upon Burgos, when they -destroyed the castle and retreated to the Ebro, the passage of -which river they were prepared to defend; but he turned their -position by a flank march, and obliged them to fall back upon -Vittoria, where they formed for battle. The sixth division was left -behind at Medina de Pomar, to cover the march of the magazines, -and the SIXTY-FIRST were thus prevented sharing in the victory at -Vittoria on the 21st of June. They were sufficiently near to hear -the firing, and arrived at the field of battle on the following -day, to take charge of the captured artillery and stores. - -The regiment was subsequently employed in attempting to intercept -the French division under General Clausel, and when this force -had escaped to France, the regiment proceeded to Pampeluna, to -take part in the blockade of that fortress, from which duty it was -relieved by a Spanish corps, on the 14th of July, and advanced into -the Pyrenean Mountains to San Estevan, situated in a beautiful -valley, where it halted. Thus, after marching nearly six hundred -miles in seven weeks, passing six great rivers, gaining one -decisive battle, and investing the two fortresses of Pampeluna -and San Sebastian, the allied army stood triumphant on the lofty -Pyrenees, and the officers and soldiers panted for opportunities to -acquire additional honors. - -The French army having been reinforced, and reorganized, -advanced under Marshal Soult, and attacked the British posts in -the mountains, when the allied army fell back to a position in -front of Pampeluna. The sixth division, to which the SIXTY-FIRST -continued to belong, quitted San Estevan to support the troops -first attacked; but when advancing, Lord Wellington rode up to -the division, and ordered it to halt for the night. It afterwards -retired through the mountain passes, and bivouacked, during the -night of the 27th of July, in a pine-wood. At daybreak on the -following morning it resumed its march, and joining the army in -position in the mountains, formed for battle across the valley -in the rear of the left of the fourth division, its right on the -village of Oricain, and its left on some heights. - -Soon after the regiment had taken its post, columns of attack -were seen in motion to commence the battle of the _Pyrenees_, -where the SIXTY-FIRST had another opportunity of distinguishing -themselves. A body of French troops moved along the valley of Lanz -towards the mountain at its extremity, and the SIXTY-FIRST, with -two other British corps, were ordered to move at a running pace -and occupy the mountain. The SIXTY-FIRST hastened up the hill on -one side, as the French skirmishers ascended on the other; but -the British gained the summit first, and opened their fire with -terrible effect. The French were encompassed in the valley; two -brigades smote them from the left, the Portuguese smote them from -the right, and the sixth division forced them back with a terrible -carnage. The enemy retreated behind the village of Sauroren. The -SIXTY-FIRST, and two other regiments, advanced to a post near the -village, and the fire of small-arms was kept up until dark. - -No serious fighting occurred on the 29th of July; but on the -morning of the 30th the British batteries opened from the heights, -and a cloud of skirmishers advanced against Sauroren. The firing -at this point afterwards subsided; but was eventually renewed, -and the SIXTY-FIRST had the honor to participate in storming the -village and heights of Sauroren, and in forcing the French from a -position, which, from its natural strength and advantages, appeared -almost impregnable. The pursuit was continued until night, and many -prisoners were taken. - -The regiment had seventy men killed and wounded; Captains Charleton -and McLean, Lieutenants Wolfe and O’Kearney, and Volunteer Leebody, -were wounded. - -Lieut.-Colonel Coghlan received a gold medal; and the word -“PYRENEES” was placed upon the colours of the regiment, as a mark -of royal approbation of its gallant conduct. - -Continuing the pursuit of the enemy to the extremity of the -Pyrenees, the regiment ascended the summit of one of the highest -mountains on the 2nd of August, and as the soldiers beheld the -beautiful plains of France, which Napoleon had often declared to -be inviolable, spread in rich landscape scenery before them, they -experienced emotions of exultation in the anticipation of future -conquests. In the afternoon the regiment encamped on a piece of -high ground, surrounded by inaccessible rock, the only entrance to -which was through a chasm; a beautiful stream ran along the hollow -below, with a cannon foundry on its banks. Two days afterwards it -marched to the vale of Los Alduides: and afterwards penetrated -France some distance; but withdrew towards Maya, and relieved the -second division on the heights commanding the pass of Maya, where -the soldiers threw up breastworks. The prospect from these heights -was particularly interesting: on the left was seen the sea, and -the fortress of Bayonne; on the right the thickly wooded plains -of Gascony, interspersed with towns and villages; in front was -the French army; and in the rear of the right and left, the lofty -Pyrenees crowned with the tents of the British army. - -On the 1st of September the division drove the enemy from two -heights in its front; and on the 9th of October, it again attacked -the French, to favour the operations of the British troops which -had passed the Bidassoa. Three companies of the SIXTY-FIRST were -engaged on this occasion. - -Invigorated by the mountain air, and impatient to win the fair -plains of France before them, the soldiers received with joyful -anticipations the orders to advance, and attack the enemy’s -positions on the _Nivelle_. The SIXTY-FIRST descended from the -mountains by moonlight on the night of the 9th of November, and lay -concealed near the enemy’s piquets until the following morning. -The day broke with great splendour, and as the first rays of -light gilded the summits of the mountains, three guns gave the -signal for the attack, and the French beheld with astonishment the -allied army rise from its concealment, and rush to battle with an -impetuosity they were not prepared to withstand. The SIXTY-FIRST -passed the Nivelle river, and marched through a rugged country -towards the bridge of Amotz, to attack the works at that place; -the skirmishers of the regiment were in front under Lieutenant -Harris. Advancing up a difficult ascent, covered with bushes, -under a sharp fire, the regiment drove a body of French troops -from a semicircular breastwork; several officers of the regiment -outran the men, who had knapsacks to carry, and first jumped into -the works:--Captain William Henry Furnace, who had repeatedly -distinguished himself, fell a sacrifice to his gallantry; and -Lieutenant Christopher Kellet was killed about the same time. The -regiment pressed resolutely forward to storm a redoubt at the top -of the hill; its commanding officer, Lieutenant-Colonel Coghlan, -received a shot through the cap, which grazed the top of his -head,--several officers and men fell, but the regiment continued -its rapid advance, and Lieutenant Harris jumped across the ditch -of the redoubt, when the French fled in dismay, and many of them -were intercepted in the rear of the redoubt. Lieutenant-General -Sir Rowland Hill came up to the regiment, and thanked the officers -and soldiers repeatedly for the very gallant manner in which they -had ascended under the enemy’s fire. A second redoubt was captured -at this part of the enemy’s line, and afterwards a third. The -SIXTY-FIRST penetrated the enemy’s camp, which had been abandoned -and set on fire. The light company of the regiment was detached -on this occasion, and distinguished itself. A decisive victory -was gained, and the British army established itself in the French -territory. Captains James Horton, Marcus Annesley, and Hugh Eccles, -Lieutenants Robert Belton, and Archer Toole, were all severely -wounded. - -Lieutenant-Colonel Coghlan received an honorary distinction; Major -Oke was promoted to the rank of lieut.-colonel; and the gallantry -displayed by the regiment on this occasion, was rewarded with the -word “NIVELLE” on its colours. - -After this success, the regiment occupied quarters at Ustaritz, -which was found an agreeable change; the bleak summits of the -mountains, on which it had been long stationed, having become -extremely cold. The moral and physical energies of the men were -in full power, and nothing could have withstood their conquering -progress had the weather been favourable. - -Early in December a forward movement was ordered; and on the -morning of the 9th of that month a beacon lighted on the heights -above Cambo gave the signal for the attack, when the passage of the -river _Nive_ was forced, and the enemy driven back towards Bayonne. -The sixth division passed the river on floating bridges. The -advanced-guard (in which was the light company of the SIXTY-FIRST, -formed in a light battalion under Captain Greene, of the regiment,) -evinced great gallantry, and surprised the first French piquet, -which fled in dismay. Some sharp fighting occurred; Captain Greene -was wounded, and Captain Charleton was sent from the regiment to -take command of the light battalion. The swampy nature of the -country retarded the advance of the division, and gave time for the -French troops to effect their retreat towards Bayonne. The enemy -advanced and attacked the British troops on the three following -days, but were repulsed. - -At the passage of the “NIVE” the regiment earned another honorary -inscription for its colours; and Captain Greene received a medal. -Its loss was limited to Captains Greene and Charleton wounded, and -a few private soldiers killed and wounded. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -The regiment was stationed at Ville-Franque from the middle of -November until the 22nd of February, 1814, assisting in the -blockade of _Bayonne_. On one occasion, when the regiment had gone -out for field exercise, leaving the officers, bât-men, pioneers, -and the quartermaster-serjeant in quarters, a heavy fall of rain -so swelled the stream of the Nive, that the pontoon-bridge of -communication was detached from its moorings, and was seen floating -down the stream. Quartermaster-Serjeant Rose (who distinguished -himself at Talavera) and Private Thomas Dawson got hold of the -bridge, and, at the hazard of their lives, succeeded in securing -it, by which much inconvenience to the service was prevented. The -quartermaster-serjeant was rewarded with a commission, and a sum of -money was given to Private Dawson. - -Quitting Ville-Franque, the regiment advanced up the country, and -passing the river near Bereux, by a pontoon-bridge, on the morning -of the 27th of February, it afterwards ascended by a narrow way -between high rocks to the great road to Peyrehorade, which brought -it into the presence of the French army, under Marshal Soult, in -position near _Orthes_. The action commenced in the forenoon. The -third and sixth divisions won, without difficulty, the lower part -of the ridges opposed to them, and endeavoured to extend their left -along the French front with a sharp fire of musketry. On the other -flank the French defended their post with more resolution. During -the early part of the day, the skirmishers only of the SIXTY-FIRST -were engaged, and the regiment was in reserve; when the French army -gave way, two fine battalions were seen attempting to cover the -retreat, and Lieut.-Colonel Coghlan led the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment -against them at a running pace. The two battalions fired a volley -and retreated, pursued by the British light cavalry. - -Lieut.-Colonel Coghlan received another honorary distinction for -this battle; and the word “ORTHES,” on the colours, commemorates -the gallant bearing of the regiment on this occasion. Its loss was -limited to one serjeant and ten men, killed and wounded. - -Pursuing the retreating enemy on the following day, the regiment -took some prisoners, and, being in advance, discovered part of -the French army on an eminence near St. Sever; the enemy again -retreated after dark, and was followed on the succeeding days. -On one occasion the regiment lost a serjeant and seven men in a -skirmish; and Lieutenant Furnace, of the light company, had a -narrow escape, a ball having passed through the collar of his coat. - -The regiment again came up with the enemy on the 16th of March, -near Tarbes, and had a few men wounded. The weather was fine, the -soldiers healthy, vigorous, and animated with their uninterrupted -career of success, so that they were ready for any service; but -the French continued their retreat without hazarding a serious -engagement. - -Marshal Soult concentrated the French troops under his command in a -fortified position at _Toulouse_; and on the morning of the 10th of -April, the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment was in motion with the fourth and -sixth divisions, under Marshal Beresford, to turn the enemy’s right -flank. The regiment being halted beyond the river Ers, while Lord -Wellington and his staff reconnoitred the enemy, Lieut.-Colonel -Coghlan took that opportunity to address the officers and men in -a short and animated speech, which made a great impression on -their minds. Immediately afterwards the regiment advanced; it -crossed the river Ers, and marched along the left bank exposed -to the enemy’s cannonade. On arriving at its destined point, the -brigade was wheeled into line by Major-General Lambert, who -led it forward to attack a formidable height occupied by French -troops. The enemy descended with loud shouts to meet the advancing -line, and opened a heavy fire of musketry; the SIXTY-FIRST rushed -forward without firing a shot, the officers animating the men by -their example, and answering the French shouts with a loud and -confident huzza! They carried the height with fixed bayonets, but -sustained severe loss. Many of the officers having outrun their -men, who were retarded by the weight of their knapsacks, entered -a French redoubt at the moment the defenders were quitting it, -when a number of French soldiers turned round and fired with fatal -effect: of the SIXTY-FIRST, Lieut.-Colonel Oke, Captain Charleton -(who was calling to the enemy to surrender), and Lieutenant Arden, -were wounded,--the latter mortally. The regiment advanced along -the height until it was ordered to halt under an earthen fence, -which partially sheltered it from the enemy’s guns. Early in the -action its gallant commanding officer, Lieut.-Colonel Coghlan, was -mortally wounded[6]. In the afternoon the regiment, much reduced -in numbers, supported the attack of the Scots brigade on a range -of redoubts, from which the enemy was driven with loss: and the -SIXTY-FIRST were directed to occupy one of the captured redoubts. -The French advanced to recover the redoubts; when Major-General -Lambert directed a division of the SIXTY-FIRST to cross the road, -which was commanded by the enemy’s fire, and reinforce the troops -in another redoubt. This was a perilous movement; but Captain -CHARLETON, whose wound was dressed in the field in time to enable -him to rejoin and command the regiment in its second attack, -placed himself in front of the division, exclaiming, “I will show -the way!” Serjeant _Fraser_ stepped to follow his captain, and, -encouraged by this example, the division made the movement at a -running pace; several officers and soldiers were, however, hit by -the French marksmen. The regiment defended the post committed to -its charge, and the French were driven from their works, and forced -to take refuge in the suburbs of the city of Toulouse. At the -termination of the action, the surviving men of the regiment were -brought out of the field by Adjutant Bace, assisted by two ensigns -and Serjeant Robert Hogg, whose name merits notice from his zealous -exertions during the action. - -The SIXTY-FIRST was included, in Lord Wellington’s despatch, -among the corps which had sustained severe loss, and were highly -distinguished throughout the day. - -Lieut.-Colonel Coghlan, Lieutenant H. Arden, and Ensign W. A. -Favell, were killed on this occasion; Major J. Oke, Captains W. -Greene and E. Charleton, Lieutenants A. Porteus, N. Furnace[7], -T. Gloster, D. O’Kearney, J. Wolfe, E. Gaynor, W. White[8], J. -Harris, G. Stewart, and J. H. Ellison, Ensigns J. Wright, Cuthbert -Eccles, and S. Bartlett, wounded. The regiment had also eight -serjeants and one hundred and fifty-three rank and file killed and -wounded. - -Medals were conferred on Lieut.-Colonel Oke, Captain Charleton (who -was twice wounded), and Adjutant Bace: and the word “TOULOUSE” was -added to the inscriptions on the colours of the regiment. - -The French retreated from Toulouse, followed by the British -army, and at St. Felix five officers and seventy men joined the -SIXTY-FIRST, from the second battalion in Ireland, under the orders -of Captain Hamilton. - -Hostilities were terminated a few days afterwards; the power -of Bonaparte had been destroyed, and the Bourbon dynasty was -restored to France. The gallant veterans of the SIXTY-FIRST were -thus gratified with a complete triumph over the enemies of their -country. They had traversed kingdoms, fought battles, and conquered -powerful armies for the good of Europe; their valour had exalted -the glory of the British arms, and preserved their native country -from the presence of war: and the word “PENINSULA” was added to the -numerous inscriptions on their colours, to commemorate their heroic -conduct. - -After reposing a short period in quarters, the regiment marched -for Bordeaux; and at Bazas the Portuguese brigade, which had long -served with the sixth division, was separated from it to return -to Portugal; a feeling of respect for these brave companions in -war pervaded all ranks of the British army: many reciprocal acts -of kindness had marked the estimation in which the soldiers of the -British and Portuguese armies held each other. - -On the 30th of June, the regiment embarked for Ireland, when the -following order was issued:--“Major-General Lambert cannot allow -the regiments composing the left brigade of the sixth division -of the army under the Duke of Wellington, to separate without -requesting the officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers, -to accept his best thanks for their services while under his -command. Though the period has not been long, yet it will be ever -memorable; and the distinguished good conduct of the brigade, so -repeatedly mentioned during this period, especially in the action -of the 10th of April, will ever make him consider his appointment -to the brigade as one of the most fortunate events of his military -life.” - -At the close of the services of the regiment in the Peninsula -and South of France, the names of the following non-commissioned -officers, whose meritorious services had been rewarded with -commissions, were inserted in the Record Book,-- - - William Douglas. - William Hack. - James Nevin. - John Abraham. - John Robinson. - William Fortune. - George Armstrong. - John Thompson. - Simon Musgrave. - William Hall. - John McKay. - William Bace. - Patrick Melvin. - Andrew Connell. - Thomas Williams. - William Scott. - Francis Begg. - Christmas Knight. - John Bell. - George Tyrrell. - Samuel Rose. - -The regiment landed at Cork in July, and marched to Dundalk, where -the second battalion was disbanded on the 24th of October; the men -fit for duty being transferred to the first battalion. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -From Dundalk the regiment marched to Newry, where it was stationed -during the year 1815,--a period memorable in the history of Europe, -on account of the return of Bonaparte to France,--his overthrow on -the field of Waterloo,--and his removal to St. Helena. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -In June, 1816, the regiment embarked from Ireland, and proceeded to -Portsmouth, where it landed, and was stationed during the summer -months at Fort Cumberland. In the autumn it embarked for Jamaica, -and arrived at Spanish-town in December. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -[Sidenote: 1821] - -The regiment was stationed at Spanish-town, Uppark camp, -Stony-hill, and Kingston, in Jamaica, upwards of five years, during -which period it lost by disease seven officers, and three hundred -and fifty-six non-commissioned officers and soldiers. - -[Sidenote: 1822] - -Having transferred the men who volunteered to remain in the country -to other corps, the regiment embarked from Jamaica in March, 1822, -and landed at Plymouth in May following. - -[Sidenote: 1824] - -The regiment performed garrison duty at Plymouth until the spring -of 1824, when it proceeded to Ireland; it was stationed at Cork -until October, when it marched to Limerick. - -[Sidenote: 1825] - -Leaving Limerick in 1825, the regiment proceeded to the counties of -Roscommon, Leitrim, Longford, and Westmeath. - -[Sidenote: 1826] - -In 1826 the head-quarters were established at Athlone, with -detachments at various stations in the neighbouring counties. - -[Sidenote: 1827] - -The regiment was assembled at Birr, in June, 1827, and in July -marched to Richmond Barracks, Dublin, where it was divided into six -service and four depôt companies; the service companies embarked -in October for Liverpool, from whence they proceeded by canal to -Fenny Stratford, and afterwards marched to Chatham. - -[Sidenote: 1828] - -On the 30th of June, 1828, the service companies, under the command -of Lieutenant-Colonel G. E. P. Barlow, embarked from Gravesend for -the island of Ceylon where, they arrived in November, and landed at -Colombo. - -Lieut.-General Sir Edward Barnes inspected the SIXTY-FIRST on their -arrival at Ceylon, and inserted the following statement, in his own -hand-writing, in the Record Book of the regiment:-- - - “Having inspected the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, commanded by - Lieut.-Colonel Barlow, it affords me much gratification to place - upon the Records of the Regiment an expression of my admiration - of its appearance and high order,--of the coolness, celerity, - and precision, with which it performed the several evolutions, - and of its system of interior economy: such a state of things - evinces the great ability, assiduity, and perseverance of the - commanding officer, and the able support of Major Wolfe and the - rest of the officers, and is in the highest degree creditable to - the non-commissioned officers and soldiers; and greatly enhances - the pleasure which I feel in the renewal of my long acquaintance - with the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, and adds very materially and - essentially to my satisfaction in having it under my command. - - “E. BARNES, _Lieut.-General_. - - “_Colombo, December 18, 1828._” - - -[Sidenote: 1833] - -[Sidenote: 1836] - -The depôt companies were withdrawn from Ireland in November, 1833, -and proceeded to Chatham; they returned to Ireland in 1836. - -[Sidenote: 1834] - -The service companies remained at Colombo until 16th October, 1834, -when they embarked for Trincomalee. - -[Sidenote: 1837] - -On the 22nd May, 1837, the regiment sustained a loss of three -officers, viz., Lieutenants Shaw and Harkness and Ensign Walker, -who were unfortunately drowned, while on a shooting excursion, by -the upsetting of a boat, in a squall off Cottiac. - -The service companies re-embarked for Colombo in July, and after -being inspected by Major-General Sir John Wilson, they marched for -Kandy, where they arrived on the 22nd August, 1837. - -[Sidenote: 1838] - -On the promotion of Colonel Edward Darley to the rank of -major-general, on the 28th June, 1838, Major Charles Forbes was -advanced to the lieutenant-colonelcy, and the command of the -service companies devolved on Major Simmonds. - -While on duty at Kandy, the following order was inserted in the -Regimental Record Book, by Lieutenant-General Sir John Wilson, -K.C.B., in his own hand-writing, viz:-- - - “Being on the eve of my departure from Ceylon, I feel much - pleasure in adding to the honourable testimonies contained in - the regimental records, the expression of my approbation of the - general good conduct and military discipline manifested by the - SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, during a period of seven years that it has - served under my orders, it having been, during a great part of - that time, under the command of the present Major-General Darley. - - “It is gratifying to me to be able to state, that at the present - half-yearly inspection, after a lapse of so many years, I find - the regiment in the same high state of moral and military - discipline, in which I had the satisfaction of finding it on my - arrival to assume this command, and which had previously called - forth the highest eulogiums from my predecessor. - - “To have maintained this character during a period of more than - ten years’ service in this colony, is a circumstance which cannot - but be considered to reflect great credit on the officers, - non-commissioned officers, and privates of this distinguished - corps, and will, no doubt, meet with a just appreciation in their - own country, to the shores of which (as the regiment is about to - return home) I earnestly wish them a speedy and prosperous voyage. - - “I cannot conclude without requesting the present commanding - officer, Major Simmonds, to accept my best acknowledgments for - the zeal and attention displayed by him in the command of the - SIXTY-FIRST Regiment.” - - (Signed) “JOHN WILSON, _Lieut.-General_, - “_Commanding the Forces_.” - - _Dated “Kandy, 27th December, 1838.”_ - - -[Sidenote: 1839] - -On the 12th February, 1839, the regiment marched to Colombo, -preparatory to its embarkation for England; and on the 3rd March, -Her Majesty’s troop-ship ship “Jupiter” came to anchor in Colombo -roads, having on board the service companies of the Ninety-fifth -Regiment, under the command of Colonel James Campbell, intended -for the relief of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment; but in consequence of -disturbances in India, the embarkation of the regiment was directed -to be delayed. - -After performing duty in various parts of the island of Ceylon for -eleven years, during which period the regiment lost six officers -and three hundred non-commissioned officers and privates, it -embarked for England on board of Her Majesty’s ship “Jupiter,” -and the following general order was issued by the General Officer -commanding, dated “Head Quarters, Colombo, 22nd October, 1839:”-- - - “In taking leave of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, which will embark - to-morrow for England, Major-General Sir Robert Arbuthnot should - not do justice to his own feelings, and this distinguished corps, - whose gallantry he has so often witnessed in the field, if he - did not express the great satisfaction he felt in assuming the - command of this island, to find at his first and last inspection, - that the same excellent system, discipline, steadiness under - arms, and interior arrangements existed in time of peace, which - had been the means of gaining them so great honour in time of war. - - “In wishing Major Simmonds, the officers and soldiers of the - regiment, a prosperous and speedy voyage to England, the - major-general must express his warm acknowledgment to the former - for the anxious zeal displayed by him while in command of the - regiment; to the officers for the able support they have given - him, ‘and which is so essential to the well-being of any corps,’ - and to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who merit all - the praise he can bestow, and who, in quitting the colony, leave - behind them the regrets and good wishes of all classes, which of - itself, after a residence of eleven years, is sufficient proof - of the good system, discipline, and general respectability of a - corps.” - - -[Sidenote: 1840] - -In consequence of meeting with stress of weather in the British -Channel, Her Majesty’s ship “Jupiter” put into the Cove of Cork, -on the 4th of March, 1840, and was towed over to Southampton, by -the steam-frigate “Cyclops,” having on board the depôt companies -from Ireland. The whole regiment landed at Southampton on the 12th -of March, and proceeded by railroad to Winchester; where it was -inspected by Major-General the Honorable Sir Hercules Pakenham, -commanding the South-West district, and subsequently by Lord Hill, -the General Commanding in Chief, both of whom were pleased to -express their entire approbation of its appearance, discipline, and -interior economy. - -In August following it was removed to Woolwich, and performed the -dockyard duties there, and at Deptford, until the summer of the -following year. - -General the Right Honorable Sir George Hewett, Bart., G.C.B., died -a few days after the arrival of the regiment in England, and Her -Majesty was pleased to confer the colonelcy of the regiment on -Major-General Sir John Gardiner, K.C.B., Deputy Adjutant-General of -the Forces. - -[Sidenote: 1841] - -In June 1841, the regiment proceeded by railroad to the Northern -district, and was detached in the counties of Northumberland, York, -and Lancaster. - -In consequence of the reverses sustained by the British troops in -Affghanistan, in the winter of 1841, the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment was -ordered to recruit to the Indian establishment of one thousand rank -and file, and to prepare, with the Fifty-eighth Regiment, to embark -for India. - -[Sidenote: 1842] - -The successful campaign of the following season, and the withdrawal -of the troops from the Affghan territory, occasioned an alteration -in the destination of the regiment. - -In August, 1842, two companies, under the command of Major -Burnside, were called upon by the civil authorities of Halifax, to -suppress a formidable and organised riot which broke out in that -town: numbers of the rioters had assembled from the adjacent towns, -and were so confident in their strength and numbers as to attack -a party of the Eleventh Hussars, several of whom were severely -injured. The detachment of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment was fired on by -the mob, and Captain Hoey and five men were wounded with slugs. -The order was then given to the Military to fire, when the peace -of the town was speedily restored. The owners and occupiers of the -mills and other property at Halifax, and in the neighbourhood, -conveyed a vote of thanks to Major Burnside for his services on -this occasion. - -[Sidenote: 1843] - -In March, 1843, the regiment was directed to furnish, by -volunteers, two hundred men to the Ninety-eighth Regiment, in -China: the required number were immediately produced; and the -detachment embarked on the 1st of April, at Newcastle-on-Tyne, for -Winchester, to join the depôt of the Ninety-eighth Regiment. - -In the spring of 1843, the regiment proceeded by railway to -Carlisle, where it embarked for Ireland, and landed at Dublin -on the 6th of April; and was shortly afterwards inspected by -Lieutenant-General the Right Honorable Sir Edward Blakeney, -Commander of the Forces in Ireland, who was pleased to express his -approbation of the appearance of the regiment in the field, and of -its conduct in quarters. - -On the 3rd June, five companies, under the command of Major McLeod, -embarked on board of Her Majesty’s steamer “Rhadamanthus” for -Waterford, on a particular service: the detachment landed on the -following day, and re-inforced the garrison in barracks until the -6th June, when it re-embarked and returned to Dublin. - -During the stay of the regiment in the garrison of Dublin, -Lieutenant-Colonel Forbes died after a protracted illness. This -distinguished officer had commanded the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment five -years, and by his impartial and temperate exercise of authority, he -had rendered himself respected and beloved by all who had the good -fortune to serve under his command. Upon his decease, Major Henry -Burnside was promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy on the 9th May, -1843. - -In July, 1843, the regiment proceeded from Dublin to Limerick, -where it is stationed at the commencement of the year 1844, to -which period this record of its services is brought. - -[Sidenote: 1844] - -On the 20th January, 1844, Her Majesty was pleased to remove -Lieutenant-General Sir John Gardiner from the SIXTY-FIRST to the -Fiftieth Regiment, in succession to Lieutenant-General Sir Hudson -Lowe, deceased, and to appoint Major-General Sir Jeremiah Dickson, -K.C.B., to the colonelcy of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment. - -Few regiments have been engaged in services which have called -into exercise the moral and physical energies of the officers -and soldiers to a greater extent than the duties in which the -SIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT has been employed; and none have displayed the -heroic virtues of the British military character more fully than -this meritorious corps. - -Whether at the Fort of ST. PHILIP, in Minorca,--in the valley of -the Tagus, at TALAVERA,--on the plains of SALAMANCA,--on the lofty -PYRENEES,--or in the southern provinces of FRANCE, the same valour, -constancy, patience, and perseverance, have shone forth with a -splendour which has elevated the reputation of the corps; and its -conduct in quarters has also elicited the commendations of the -general officers under whom it has served. Deriving its origin from -the Third Regiment of Foot, or the BUFFS, the SIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT -has inherited the same spirit which animated the officers and -soldiers of that veteran corps during the wars of three centuries. - - -1844. - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF - -THE SIXTY-FIRST, - -OR, - -THE SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT OF - -FOOT. - - -GRANVILLE ELLIOTT. - -_Appointed 21st April, 1758._ - -GRANVILLE ELLIOTT served with distinction in the army of the -Emperor of Germany, and returned to England with the reputation -of a brave and experienced officer; he was admitted into the -British service, by King George II., in 1758, with the rank of -major-general, and was appointed colonel of the SIXTY-FIRST -Regiment, on its formation from the second battalion of the Third -Foot, or the Buffs. He commanded a brigade, under Charles, Duke -of Marlborough, in the expedition to St. Maloes in 1758; and -afterwards proceeded to Germany, where he served as major-general, -under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. His experience in continental -service induced him to suggest to the British government the -advantage of having a considerable portion of light cavalry in -the army. The subject was previously under consideration, and the -formation of regiments of light dragoons was commenced in the -following year. He died in Germany in 1759. - - -GEORGE GRAY. - -_Appointed 19th July, 1759._ - -GEORGE GRAY was many years an officer in the household cavalry, and -in July, 1749, he was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the first -troop, now first regiment, of Life Guards. In 1759, King George -II. rewarded him with the colonelcy of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, -from which he was removed, in 1768, to the Thirty-seventh. He was -promoted to the rank of major-general in 1761, and to that of -lieut.-general in 1770. He died in 1773. - - -JOHN GORE. - -_Appointed 9th May, 1768._ - -The early services of this officer were in the third regiment -of Foot Guards, in which corps he was promoted captain and -lieutenant-colonel, in 1750, first major, with the rank of colonel, -in 1760, and lieutenant-colonel in 1771 On the 10th of July, 1762, -he was advanced to the rank of major-general; and in 1768 he was -nominated to the colonelcy of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment: in 1772 he -was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general, and was removed to the -Sixth Foot in February of the following year. He died in November, -1773. - - -JOHN BARLOW. - -_Appointed 19th February, 1773._ - -JOHN BARLOW was many years an officer in the Third regiment of -foot, or the Buffs, with which corps he served at the battle of -Dettingen. He was promoted captain of a company on the 22nd of -February, 1745, and afterwards served with the Buffs at the battles -of Fontenoy, Falkirk, and Culloden; also at the battle of Val -in 1747. In 1755 he was promoted major of the Buffs, and on the -formation of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, from the second battalion of -the Third Foot, he was nominated to the lieut.-colonelcy of that -corps, which he commanded in the expedition to the West Indies, -and distinguished himself on several occasions at the reduction of -Guadeloupe in 1759. His services were rewarded with the colonelcy -of the regiment in 1773; and in August, 1777, he was promoted to -the rank of major general. He died in 1778. - - -STAATES LONG MORRISS. - -_Appointed 14th May. 1778._ - -This officer served with reputation in the reign of King George II; -was promoted to the rank of captain in the Thirty-sixth Regiment -in May, 1756; and in 1758 he was employed in the expedition to St. -Maloes, under Charles, Duke of Marlborough. He took great interest -in the formation of the Eighty-ninth Regiment, of which he was -appointed lieutenant-colonel commandant in October, 1759: he served -at the head of this corps until 1763, when it was disbanded. He was -promoted to the rank of colonel in 1772; to that of major-general -in 1777; and in the following year he was nominated to the -colonelcy of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment. He was advanced to the rank -of lieut.-general in 1782, and to that of general in 1796. He died -in 1800. - - -SIR GEORGE HEWETT, BART., G.C.B. - -_Appointed 4th April, 1800._ - -GEORGE HEWETT was many years an officer of the Seventieth Foot, in -which corps he was promoted to the rank of captain in June, 1775, -and he served in North America during the war of independence. In -December, 1781, he was promoted to a majority in the Forty-third -Regiment, with which corps he served with reputation, and was -advanced to the rank of colonel in March, 1794: in May, 1796, -he was promoted to the rank of major-general, and on the 5th -of August, 1799, he was nominated colonel commandant of the -second battalion of the Fifth Foot; in 1800, King George III. -conferred upon him the colonelcy of the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment. -He served in the East Indies, and also in the West Indies; was -promoted to the rank of lieut.-general in September, 1803. He was -inspecting general of the Recruiting Department in 1803; and at the -commencement of the war with France, the Government placed under -his orders all the corps raised under the provisions of the Army of -Reserve Act. He was subsequently commander-in-chief in Ireland; and -in 1806 he was appointed commander-in-chief in the East Indies, -the duties of which important situation he performed five years. -On the 4th of June, 1813, he was promoted to the rank of general, -and in November of the same year he was created a baronet: he was -afterwards honoured with the dignity of Knight Grand Cross of the -most honourable Order of the Bath. He performed the duties of -barrack-master-general for a short period. He was of a kind and -benevolent disposition, was highly esteemed for his social virtues, -and distinguished as a benefactor to the poor. He took an interest -in the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, of which he was colonel forty years, -and expressed a wish to see his corps once more; but took his bed -on the day it landed at Southampton, from the island of Ceylon, and -died on the 21st of March, 1840, at his seat at Freemantle Park, -near Southampton. He was a member of the privy council for Ireland -at the time of his decease. - - -SIR JOHN GARDINER, K.C.B. - -_Appointed 30th March 1840._ - -Removed to the Fiftieth Regiment in 1844. - - -SIR JEREMIAH DICKSON, K.C.B. - -_Appointed 20th January, 1844._ - - - - -APPENDIX. - - _Journal of a March of a Detachment of Troops under the command - of_ LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN JAMES BARLOW, SIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT, - _from Cosseir in Upper Egypt to Kenè on the Nile_. - - -I arrived in His Majesty’s ship the “Wilhelmina,” Capt. Sind, at -Cosseir, from Mocha, on the 14th July, 1801, after a passage, -_against the monsoon_, of two months. - -_July 17th._--I was ordered to hold myself in readiness to march -across the desert to Kenè on the Nile, a distance of about 130 -miles, and to take under my command four companies of His Majesty’s -SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, and a detachment of His Majesty’s Tenth -Regiment, infantry, together with a small party of the Eighth -Light Dragoons,--these amounted to 582 soldiers;--twenty boxes -of treasure were likewise put under my escort. The line of march -consisted of upwards of 850 men, including Indian followers, Arab -camel-drivers, &c., &c. - -Before I proceed upon my journal of the very fatiguing march I -underwent, I shall mention a few observations upon Cosseir, in -Upper Egypt. This place is well known as a seaport, and it is, -perhaps, one of the most miserable spots in the universe; a few -wretched mud-houses placed along the beach, with some narrow -lanes branching off at right angles, in all about two hundred -_habitations_, compose this abominable little town. Just above it, -stands a fort which the French had put into a tolerably defensible -state; at all events, it was an _impregnable fortification_ against -the combined native force of Upper Egypt. About three-quarters of -a mile to the westward of it, was the ground where the Indian army -was encamped; this situation is in nature the most sterile and -arid, not a blade of any kind of verdure to be seen,--vegetation of -every description is totally wanting,--and the wearied eye meets -no object but the bare, rugged, and burnt-up hills which bound the -view towards the desert. This frightful country appears quite -unfit for the existence of human beings; nature has furnished it -with no sources of fresh water, and that indispensable necessary -of life is only to be obtained by digging wells in the sand, into -which oozes a kind of bitter salt water, the most _offensive thing_ -to the taste imaginable; and its effects are no less noxious,--as -people who drink it are always (at first) attacked with a violent -vomiting and purging, which is accompanied by the most intolerable -and burning thirst. Our soldiers were nearly to a man, in a more or -less degree, afflicted with this disease, and though it only proved -fatal to a few, still it handled very roughly all those who were -under the necessity of using this detestable water. The heat when -I was at Cosseir was almost intolerable. Provisions were plentiful -and cheap,--the fish excellent; but although the inhabitants -possess as fine wheat as any in Europe, their bread was detestable, -being a kind of dough cake half-baked, or rather burnt, in the -dusty ashes. - -_July 18th._--Every preparation having been made, I marched at six -o’clock, P.M., with the troops, followers, drivers, &c., as already -stated; and our line of march was considerably increased by a -number of asses, the property of individuals, who had loaded these -useful animals with an independent supply of water. We continued -our route, keeping a large range of rocky and burnt-up hills on our -left; a very fine moon shone only to render this dreary scene the -more awful; the setting sun brought us little, if any, relief as -to heat. After marching about five miles we came to some springs, -or rather a black rivulet of water, very bitter, which crosses -the valley through which the road leads. I endeavoured in vain to -prevent the soldiers from drinking of this infernal brook; thirst -was _too imperious_, and I soon found that my orders had been -disregarded by all the rear. Many of the men soon felt the ill -effects of their folly, and began to fall back faint and oppressed, -and this was much aggravated by the very extraordinary closeness of -the heat: what air did exist, was like the breathing of a furnace. - -At twelve o’clock we reached the new wells. I reckon the distance -about thirteen miles, where I found a subaltern officer and a few -Sepoys stationed to take charge of, and protect them. After placing -the necessary guards, &c., I ordered the detachment to lie down, -and we enjoyed a most refreshing repose for about three hours. At -this time the captain of the rear-guard came up, and reported that -a great many stragglers were _still_ behind. - -I ordered the drums to beat half an hour before day, when the camp -was pitched, and the men sheltered from the sun, which rose with -a most blazing and fiery aspect. From midnight, until a little -after sunrise, the air in the desert is delightfully cool and -refreshing (I mean comparatively with the rest of the twenty-four -hours); nature, I suppose, has kindly ordained this comfort to the -unfortunate travellers, and still more miserable inhabitants of -this dreary waste. - -_July 19th._--It was late in the day when all our stragglers -came up. I was much concerned to find that the mussacks[9] (or -water-bags) had leaked considerably, and that I should be under the -necessity of replenishing them from the wells of this post. I must -here observe, that General Baird had caused, both at this and other -posts on the desert, wells to be dug, in order to procure a supply -of that greatest of all necessaries of life (in such a climate as -this)--water. In these scanty sources, it was thick and muddy; -however, even this, could we have obtained it in abundance, would -have been reckoned a luxury; but, alas! a very limited supply was -all we could get: therefore, at half-past five, P.M., I marched. -We passed for some hours through a long and winding valley; high, -brown, rugged mountains, with here and there a solitary eagle -perched upon a projecting crag, were the only gloomy objects that -presented themselves. We continued our route northerly, through the -same desolate wilderness, and at one o’clock I judged it necessary -to halt; but this halting-place was not to be distinguished from -any accommodations, not from a spring or rivulet of water, not from -any shelter from the scorching sun, and more suffocating hot wind, -but it became a place of repose merely from the total incapacity -of the troops to move a mile further: here then I ordered the -baggage to be unloaded, and the detachment to lie down to rest. I -never suffered the tents to be pitched until just before sunrise, -as I found the soldiers always marched more refreshed by letting -them take their rest the instant they halted, than to undergo the -fatigue and confusion of pitching their tents in the dark. No dew -falls in the desert; the air is so greedy of moisture, that the -least wet is instantly absorbed, and sleeping in the open air was -here a luxury. - -_July 20th._--I was much grieved at daylight to find that about -forty men were still behind. I trembled at the horrors these poor -fellows would be exposed to, should they be left destitute and -forlorn in the desert. After seriously reflecting upon this most -melancholy circumstance, I sent for the chief Arab, who, as a kind -of scheik, had some sort of control over the camel-drivers, and -ordered him to collect some of the principal ones; as soon as they -came to my tent, I told them the apprehensions I was under, and -proposed to them to return in the track we had come the day before -for at least seven miles, and promised to reward them liberally for -every soldier they should bring up. All their attention was called -forth by the mention of money, and they became eager to be useful. -Twenty camels set off, and my brother, Captain Frederick Barlow, -SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, very humanely volunteered, notwithstanding -the _intolerable_ heat, to attend the camels. I filled a cag -with a mixture of port wine and water, which he took with him, -and it proved of the most essential service. At the distance of -from four to six miles from camp, he picked up twenty-one poor -exhausted fainting wretches, who, without this assistance, must -have died in a very few hours: some not able to speak, and the -whole totally incapable of walking a step further. One fine lad in -particular, was so far gone, as to lay stretched out on the sand -as if expiring; but upon pouring some of the wine and water down -his throat, he gradually recovered, and he was brought into camp -in a man’s arms on a camel. Water, and afterwards some wine, soon -restored him to sufficient strength to enable him to proceed on -a camel, with other sick men, that afternoon: before two o’clock -all the absentees got into camp. This day we contrived to dine -tolerably well; but for want of water to wet the bags, our wine was -as hot as milk immediately from the cow,--the water we had to drink -was the same, therefore to quench our thirst was impossible. - -At half an hour past nine I marched, and we had not proceeded -two miles, the heat absolutely suffocating, when we were met by -a convoy of camels, loaded with most excellent water. This very -seasonable supply had been forwarded to us from Moila, owing to -my having sent on to the officer commanding at that post, to say -how distressed I was for water from the leakage of our mussacks. -Many of the soldiers quitted their ranks, and eagerly ran up to -the camels to seize upon the water. I had no little difficulty -in restraining them. I even told the officers to acquaint their -men, that I would not permit the camels to be unloaded if the -least irregularity took place. This had an immediate effect; and -as the detachment stood in open column of half companies, the -whole, in less than an hour, were regularly served with an ample -supply, besides filling their canteens; as this water came in large -earthern jars, it was quite cool, and had such an astonishing -effect upon the troops, that we were enabled to get on with great -vigour, and at half-past one on the 21st of July, we reached Moila. - -This extraordinary spot is situated in a ravine between steep and -rugged rocks, and is uncommonly romantic. Here, then, I found it -absolutely necessary to halt, that is, to remain till the evening -of the 22nd, as the men stood in the greatest need of a little -repose. In the course of the day many Arabs came to the camp with -various articles of provisions for sale. Mutton we received as -rations in abundance,--indeed at every post in the desert where -water was to be had, even in the smallest quantity, General Baird -had made depôts of provisions; therefore we had only to carry the -necessary supply for those halting-places where _no water was to be -found_. All our stragglers reached the camp before two P.M. of this -day. - -_July 22nd._--I this day ordered the men to wash their persons, -and otherwise to put themselves into as clean and good order as -circumstances would permit. At six o’clock P.M. we marched. The -road leads through a most romantic valley; at about six miles’ -distance, under some craggy rocks on the left hand, are three wells -or springs of water. Three miles from these are the nine mile -wells, where we arrived at about ten P.M. Here I found an officer -and a party of Sepoys, but was informed by him, that my detachment -was so numerous it would very soon drain the pits or wells he was -posted at; and the next day not a drop of water was to be got from -them. At five P.M. I marched, and just before sun-set we saw a wild -beast, which proved to be a lion. We continued our route over the -dreary, desolate, and solitary waste for seven hours, when I found -the men were excessively fatigued. Accordingly I gave orders to -halt, although we had not arrived at the half-way distance between -the nine mile wells and Legattah. We lay down upon a large and -extensive desert plain, and at daylight, as usual, the camp was -pitched. I had despatched a light camel or dromedary to Legattah -with a letter to the officer stationed there, requesting him to -send a supply of water to meet me on my march to that place; and -relying upon his being able to comply with my request, I emptied -the mussacks before I left this dreary halt, which was by much the -worst we had as yet experienced. At six P.M. we marched from this -abominable and burning spot. After six hours’ march the men began -to complain grievously from the want of water, and I confess I -almost feared the officer at Legattah had not found it possible to -send a supply as I had required; however, a little after midnight, -I had the inexpressible satisfaction to perceive a large escort -coming towards us,--the first thing that attracted my attention -was the glittering of the Sepoys’ arms, the moon shining in great -splendour,--which proved to be twenty-eight camels loaded with -water. Words cannot express the sensations of our poor fellows when -I rode along the line of march, telling them a convoy of water was -in front. I halted, and upon inquiry found that a great number had -fallen behind; after supplying all the others in an ample way, I -caused a captain’s guard, a surgeon, and seven camels’ load of -water, together with every light and unloaded camel we could spare -to remain in this spot, in order to bring up the stragglers. I -then told the rest that those able to march might go on with me, -as after an hour’s rest I was resolved to push on for Legattah -(then distant nine miles) with the treasure and those of the troops -capable of proceeding. To my great surprise, almost the whole said -they could march from the comfortable supply of water they had -first had, and the short repose I had given them; therefore, after -leaving some of the most weakly with a captain, two subalterns, -one surgeon, the water and camels as above stated, I continued my -route, and after two hours’ march had the satisfaction to come in -sight of the lights of Legattah camp. So fatiguing was this forced -march, that I was frequently in danger of falling from my horse -from sleep. An officer of the Tenth Regiment fell from an ass he -rode, and hurt himself considerably. I got in just before the dawn -of day, _all of us exceedingly exhausted_; and it was not until -three P.M. that the captain with the rear-guard and stragglers -came up; this made it impossible for me to leave the camp until -the evening following,--the poor fellows who dropped in during the -day, panting and fainting, were incapable of further exertions. The -thermometer in my tent was here at 114°. - -At Legattah we found a large detachment of Sepoys, under Captain -Mahony, of the Seventh Bombay Regiment: he behaved to us in the -most attentive and liberal manner. We were supplied with every -necessary by this officer; and he fulfilled the duties of his -post, not to the strict letter of his orders, but to the fullest -extent of every humane and hospitable construction of them. The -ensuing march to Buramba was to be a very long one; and I found -it necessary to make it in two, as follows: at six P.M. of the -26th, we left Legattah, and continued our route for six hours -and a half by my watch, when I ordered the detachment to halt, -caused the treasure camels to be unloaded, and directed the rest -with the tents, baggage, sick, &c., to proceed on Buramba. I then -ordered the detachment to be served with plenty of water, when we -all lay down and enjoyed three hours’ most refreshing sleep. A -little before day the drums beat, the treasure was reloaded, and we -proceeded, and arrived at Buramba at six A.M. of the 27th. Here we -first saw verdure: this agreeable prospect opened to us immediately -upon the dawn of day, and infused spirit into everybody. This -village seemed to us a little paradise, and, like sailors arrived -at a shore of plenty and ease, after the perils of shipwreck, -distress, and want, was looked upon by all as a blessed haven. -At noon I despatched an officer with a report to General Baird, -Commander-in-Chief of the Indian army, who was at Kenè on the Nile, -of my having reached Buramba without the loss of a single man; and -at two o’clock A.M. on the 28th, I marched (having previously at -midnight sent on the tents and baggage). Shortly after daylight -we passed two miserable Arab villages; we then found ourselves in -_cultivated ground_, and were eagerly looking out for the glorious -Nile, whose direction we could easily trace from the date-trees and -vegetation apparent upon its banks, although we could not see that -noble river; shortly afterwards we got sight of Kenè, and a mile -or two from it were met by General Baird and his suite. He ordered -me to proceed to the banks of the Nile, and at seven o’clock we -encamped about a quarter of a mile westward of the town of Kenè, -and fifteen yards from the brink of the river. One cannot picture -the joy we all felt at arriving amongst our brother soldiers, after -the ten days of uncommon fatigue we had just experienced. Kenè -abounded with every kind of provision, such as mutton, poultry, -fish, milk, vegetables, &c., the whole at the most reasonable -rates. The heat in this camp was excessive, certainly greater than -at Cosseir. The General ordered the troops to be in readiness to -embark in d’jirms, already collected to convey the army down the -Nile, and which were to rendezvous at Cairo, where the General -meant to collect all his army, in order to carry it entire to -Rosetta, from which place he could make every arrangement for our -junction with the English army before Alexandria. We embarked on -the 2nd of August; the SIXTY-FIRST Regiment, about 900 strong, was -allowed seventeen d’jirms, and fell down with the current. The -distance to Cairo is about 400 miles. We arrived at that celebrated -place on the 11th. The army encamped on the island of Rhoda on the -Nile, between Cairo and Gaza; and on the 28th, the whole being -collected, we re-embarked and proceeded towards Rosetta; and on -the 31st we landed and encamped at El Hamed, four miles to the -southward of that town; two days after which the General changed -his camp to Aboumandour, so called from the tower which stands -just above the Nile, about one mile and a quarter to the S.E. of -Rosetta: it was from this tower that Pousseilgue made such accurate -remarks upon the memorable battle between the English and French -fleets in Aboukir Bay. - - J. J. BARLOW, - _Lieut.-Colonel, 61st Regiment_. - - -SIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT. - -RETURN OF CASUALTIES during the PENINSULAR WAR, from 1809 to 1814. - - +----------------+------------------------------------------------+ - | Place and Date | NAMES OF OFFICERS. | - | | | - | of Action. +-----------------------+------------------------+ - | | Killed. | Wounded. | - | | | | - +----------------+-----------------------+------------------------+ - | | | Major R. J. Coghlan | - | | | Captain A. Hartley | - | | | ” W. Furnace | - | Battle of | Major H. F. Orpen | ” J. Laing | - | TALAVERA, | Captain H. James | ” D. Goodman | - | 27th and 28th | Lieut. D. J. Hemus | Lieut. G. Collins | - | July, 1809. | | ” H. T. Tench | - | | | ” G. McLean | - | | | ” J. Given | - | | | Ensign W. Brackenbury | - | | | Adjutant R. Drew | - +----------------+-----------------------+------------------------+ - | Storming the | | | - | Forts at | | Captain J. Owen | - | Salamanca, | | Lieut. J. Given | - | 22nd June, 1812| | | - +----------------+-----------------------+------------------------+ - | | | Major J. Downing (died)| - | | |Captain S. Favell (died)| - | | | ” J. Oke | - | | | ” W. McLeod | - | | | ” W. Greene | - | | | Lieut. S. Falkner | - | | Lieut.-Col. F. Barlow | ” H Daniel | - | Battle of | Captain G. Stubbs | ” J. Chapman | - | SALAMANCA, | ” P. B. P. Horton| ” J. Chipchase | - |22nd July, 1812.| Lieut. A. Chawner | ” T. Gloster | - | | ” J. Parker | ” N. Furnace | - | | Ensign H. Bere | ” J. Collis | - | | | ” J. Wolfe | - | | | ” W. Brackenbury | - | | | ” J. Royal | - | | | ” A. Toole | - | | | Ensign W. White | - | | | ” J. F. Singleton | - +----------------+-----------------------+------------------------+ - | Siege of the | | | - | Castle of | | Lieut. G. Stuart | - | BURGOS, | | | - |in October, 1812| | | - +----------------+-----------------------+------------------------+ - - - +----------------+--------+------------------------------------+ - | Place and Date | | Total Loss. | - | | +---------+----------+---------+-----+ - | of Action. | |Officers.|Serjeants.|Drummers.|Rank | - | | | | | |and | - | | | | | |File.| - +----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - | | | | | | | - | Battle of | | | | | | - | TALAVERA, |Killed | 3 | -- | 1 | 45 | - | 27th and 28th |Wounded | 11 | 10 | -- | 186 | - | July, 1809. |Missing | -- | -- | -- | 16 | - | | | | | | | - +----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - | | | | | | | - | Storming the |Killed }| | | | | - | Forts at | and }| 2 | 1 | -- | 12 | - | Salamanca, |Wounded}| | | | | - | 22nd June, 1812| | | | | | - | | | | | | | - +----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - | | | | | | | - | Battle of | | | | | | - | SALAMANCA, |Killed | 6 | 3 | 1 | 35 | - |22nd July, 1812.|Wounded | 18 | 22 | 1 | 280 | - | | | | | | | - +----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - | | | | | | | - | Siege of the |Killed }| | | | | - | Castle of | and }| 1 | -- | -- | 10 | - | BURGOS, |Wounded}| | | | | - |in October, 1812| | | | | | - | | | | | | | - +----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - - - - - +------------------+------------------------------------------------+ - | Place and Date | NAMES OF OFFICERS. | - | | | - | of Action. +-------------------------+----------------------+ - | | Killed. | Wounded. | - | | | | - +------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+ - | Battle of the | | Captain E. Charleton | - | PYRENEES, | | ” G. McLean | - | 28th July, 1813. | | Lieut. J. Wolfe | - | | | ” G. O’Kearney | - +------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+ - | | | Captain J. Horton | - | Battle of the | Captain W. H. Furnace | ” M. Annesley | - | NIVELLE, | Lieut. C. Kellet | ” H. Eccles | - | 10th Nov., 1813. | | Lieut. R. Belton | - | | | ” A. Toole | - +------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+ - | Battle of the | | Captain W. Greene | - | NIVE, | | ” E. Charleton | - | 9th Dec., 1813. | | | - | | | | - +------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+ - | Battle of | | | - | ORTHES, | | | - | 27th Feb., 1814. | | | - | | | | - +------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+ - | At TARBES, | | | - | 1st March, 1814. | | | - | | | | - +------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+ - | At GRENADA, | | | - | 2nd March, 1814. | | | - | | | | - +------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+ - | | | Lieut.-Col. J. Oke | - | | | Captain W. Greene | - | | | ” E. Charleton | - | | | Lieut. A. Porteus | - | | | ” N. Furnace | - | | | ” T. Gloster | - | Battle of |Lieut.-Col. R. J. Coghlan| ” D. O’Kearney | - | TOULOUSE, | Lieut. H. Arden | ” J. Wolfe | - | 10th April, 1814.| Ensign W. A. Favell | ” E. Gaynor | - | | | ” W. White | - | | | ” J. Harris | - | | | ” G. Stewart | - | | | ” J. H. Ellison | - | | | Ensign J. Wright | - | | | ” C. Eccles | - | | | ” S. Bartlett | - | | | | - +------------------+-------------------------+----------------------+ - - +-----------------+--------+------------------------------------+ - | Place and Date | | Total Loss. | - | | +---------+----------+---------+-----+ - | of Action. | |Officers.|Serjeants.|Drummers.|Rank | - | | | | | |and | - | | | | | |File.| - +-----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - |Battle of the |Killed }| | | | | - |PYRENEES, | and }| 4 | -- | -- | 70 | - |28th July, 1813. |Wounded}| | | | | - | | | | | | | - +-----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - |Battle of the |Killed }| | | | | - |NIVELLE, | and }| 7 | 5 | -- | 82 | - |10th Nov., 1813. |Wounded}| | | | | - | | | | | | | - +-----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - |Battle of the |Killed }| | | | | - |NIVE, | and }| 2 | -- | -- | 8 | - |9th Dec., 1813. |Wounded}| | | | | - | | | | | | | - +-----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - |Battle of |Killed }| | | | | - |ORTHES, | and }| -- | 1 | | 10 | - |27th Feb., 1814. |Wounded}| | | | | - | | | | | | | - +-----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - |At TARBES, |Wounded | -- | -- | -- | 4 | - |1st March, 1814. | | | | | | - | | | | | | | - +-----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - |At GRENADA |Killed | -- | -- | -- | 1 | - |2nd March, 1814. |Wounded | -- | -- | -- | 4 | - | | | | | | | - +-----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - |Battle of | | | | | | - |TOULOUSE, |Killed | 3 | 1 | -- | 13 | - |10th April, 1814.|Wounded | 16 | 7 | -- | 140 | - | | | | | | | - +-----------------+--------+---------+----------+---------+-----+ - - - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] BEATSON’S _Naval and Military Memoirs_. - -[2] Lieutenant-General the Honorable James Murray’s answer to this -proposal is printed in BEATSON’S _Naval and Military Memoirs_, and -is as follows:-- - - “_Fort St. Philip, October 16, 1781._ - “Sir, - - “When your brave ancestor was desired by his sovereign to - assassinate the Duc de Guise, he returned the answer which you - should have done, when the King of Spain charged you to assassinate - the character of a man whose birth is as illustrious as your own, - or that of the Duc de Guise. I can have no further communication - with you but in arms. If you have any humanity, you may send - clothing to your unfortunate prisoners in my possession; leave it - at a distance, because I will admit of no contact for the future - but such as is hostile in the most inveterate degree. - - “I am, &c., - “JAMES MURRAY.” - - “_To the Duc de Crillon._” - - -[3] Lieut.-Colonel Barlow wrote a journal of this march, which is -printed at the end of this Record. - -[4] The grenadier company of the SIXTY-FIRST was selected -by Major-General Stuart, for his personal escort during the -reconnoissance which he made before the battle. - -[5] Casualties at the battle of Salamanca,-- - - Officers. Soldiers. - Strength in the field. 27 420 - Killed and wounded 24 342 - -- --- - Remaining 3 78 - -Six reliefs of officers and serjeants were shot under the colours. - -[6] Lieut.-Colonel ROBERT JOHN COGHLAN was a most distinguished -and gallant officer, and highly respected and beloved by the -SIXTY-FIRST, who cherished the memory of his exalted virtues w -peculiar veneration. The regimental record shows the number of -times he led the corps to battle and to victory, and the honorary -distinctions he had acquired. The Duke of Wellington directed his -remains to be removed from the grave in which they had been hastily -laid, on the field of battle, and honored with a public funeral -himself attending to pay the last tribute of respect to departed -valour. A marble slab, placed by his brother officers in the -Protestant churchyard of Toulouse, marks the spot where the remains -of this gallant officer are deposited. - -[7] Lieutenant Norbury Furnace had fought with his regiment in -every battle and skirmish in which it had been engaged in the -Peninsula and South of France, and had lost two brothers gallantly -combating in the same cause. - -[8] Lieutenant William White was on his way to join the regiment -from Ireland; hearing at Tarbes of the probability of an action -at Toulouse, he travelled by post to arrive in time to take part -in it. He was twice wounded, and, although bleeding profusely, he -refused to quit his post. A general officer saw the state he was -in, and directed him to be taken to the surgeons. - -[9] Mussacks are large leathern bags made so as to hold water, and -are placed on the backs of camels like panniers. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - The roman page numbering at the front of the book goes from iii - to viii, then from v to viii again; this has not been changed. - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. - - Pg vi: page number ‘53’ added to the ‘Conclusion’ entry. - Pg 11: ‘Guadaloupe’ replaced by ‘Guadeloupe’. - Pg 12: ‘Sidenote: 1771’ inserted before ‘Three years ...’ - (to be consistent with the Table of Contents entry for 1771). - Pg 15: ‘Guadaloupe’ replaced by ‘Guadeloupe’. - Pg 22: ‘the troop under’ replaced by ‘the troops under’. - Pg 49: ‘preparatorily to its’ replaced by ‘preparatory to its’. - Pg 56: ‘Guadaloupe’ replaced by ‘Guadeloupe’. - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE -SIXTY-FIRST, OR THE SOUTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT : CONTAINING AN -ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT IN 1758, AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT -SERVICES TO 1844. *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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