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-The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Black Watch at Ticonderoga, by
-Frederick B. Richards
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
-will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
-using this eBook.
-
-Title: The Black Watch at Ticonderoga
-       and Major Duncan Campbell of Inverawe
-
-Author: Frederick B. Richards
-
-Release Date: September 9, 2021 [eBook #66252]
-
-Language: English
-
-Produced by: Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online Distributed
-             Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was
-             produced from images generously made available by The
-             Internet Archive)
-
-*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BLACK WATCH AT
-TICONDEROGA ***
-
-
-  TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
-
-  Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.
-
-  Footnote anchors are denoted by [number], and the footnotes have been
-  placed at the end of the book. Appendix H and J have many unnumbered
-  footnotes, which have not been moved and remain under the relevant
-  paragraph with an indent of 6 spaces. Appendix L and N also have one
-  each.
-
-  A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}, for example Reg^t or 42^{nd}.
-
-  The tables and family trees in this ebook are best displayed using a
-  monospace font.
-
-  Some minor changes to the text are noted at the end of the book.
-
-
-
-
-+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
-|                                                                    |
-|+------------------------------------------------------------------+|
-||                               THE                                ||
-||                           Black Watch                            ||
-||                          at Ticonderoga                          ||
-||                              _and_                               ||
-||                      Major Duncan Campbell                       ||
-||                           of Inverawe                            ||
-|+------------------------------------------------------------------+|
-|                                                                    |
-|+------------------------------------------------------------------+|
-||                 By FREDERICK B. RICHARDS, A. M.                  ||
-||  Secretary of N. Y. State Historical Association: Glens Falls,   ||
-||                              N. Y.                               ||
-|+------------------------------------------------------------------+|
-|                                                                    |
-|                                                                    |
-|             [Illustration: (icon of Indian warrior)]               |
-|                                                                    |
-|                                                                    |
-|+------------------------------------------------------------------+|
-||           AN EXCERPT FROM VOLUME X OF THE PROCEEDINGS            ||
-||           OF THE NEW YORK STATE HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION           ||
-||                                                                  ||
-||           PRINTED FOR FORT TICONDEROGA MUSEUM LIBRARY            ||
-|+------------------------------------------------------------------+|
-|                                                                    |
-|                                                                    |
-+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
-
-
-[Illustration: --Courtesy of the Glens Falls Insurance Co.
-
-The Black Watch at Ticonderoga July 8, 1758]
-
-
-
-
-THE BLACK WATCH AT TICONDEROGA
-
-BY FREDERICK B. RICHARDS, A. M., Glens Falls, N. Y.
-
-
-A residence of ten years in Ticonderoga inspired me with an
-appreciation of the history of that most historic spot in America,
-and when as secretary of the Ticonderoga Historical Society I was
-instrumental in securing the erection of the Black Watch Memorial
-in that village, I became particularly interested in the record of
-that famous Highland Regiment which this building commemorates.
-
-It has for several years been my wish to write so complete an
-account of the Black Watch at Ticonderoga that one would need look
-in no other place for any detail in the history of that regiment
-from the time it left Scotland in 1756 until after the capture of
-Ticonderoga by Amherst in 1759. As a meeting of the New York State
-Historical Association on Lake Champlain seemed an appropriate time
-to present such a paper and the printed histories of that period
-give only meagre accounts on this subject, Mrs. Richards and I made
-this an excuse for a trip to the British Isles and a large part of
-August and September, 1910, was spent on a Black Watch pilgrimage.
-We had a very enjoyable trip and gained many interesting facts but
-I am sorry to say that the story is still far from complete.
-
-The reason for the lack of more detailed information about the
-Regiment in the Ticonderoga period is found in the following which
-is copied from the preface of Stewart of Garth’s first edition:
-
-  “The origin of these Sketches and Military Details was simply
-  this: When the Forty-second regiment was removed from Dublin
-  to Donaghadee in the year 1771, the baggage was sent round by
-  sea. The vessel having it on board was unfortunately driven on
-  shore by a gale of wind, and wrecked; the greater part of the
-  cargo and baggage was lost, and the portion saved, especially
-  the regimental books and records, was much injured. A misfortune
-  somewhat similar occurred, when the army, under the Earl of
-  Moira, landed at Ostend in June, 1794. The transports were
-  ordered round to Helvoetsluys, with orders to wait the further
-  movements of the troops. But the vessels had not been long there,
-  when the enemy invaded Holland in great force, and, entering
-  Helvoetsluys, seized on the transports in the harbour. Among
-  the number of vessels taken were those which had conveyed the
-  Forty-second to Flanders, having on board every article of
-  regimental baggage, except the knapsacks with which the officers
-  and soldiers had landed at Ostend in light marching order. Along
-  with the baggage, a well-selected library, and, what was more to
-  be regretted, all that remained of the historical records of the
-  regiment, from the period of its formation till the year 1793,
-  fell into the hands of the enemy.
-
-  “After the conclusion of the late war, his Royal Highness, the
-  Commander-in-Chief, directed that the Forty-second should draw up
-  a record of its services and enter it in the regimental books,
-  for the information of those who should afterwards belong to
-  the corps. As none of the officers who had served previously to
-  the loss of the records in 1794 were then in the regiment, some
-  difficulty arose in drawing up the required statement of service;
-  indeed, to do so correctly was found impossible, as, for a period
-  of fifty-four years previous to 1793, the materials were very
-  defective. In this situation, the commanding officer, in the
-  year 1817, requested me to supply him with a few notices on the
-  subject.”
-
-It seemed to have been the custom in the British army of that
-period for a Regiment to carry its entire belongings with it
-from place to place and this unfortunate practice has swept from
-existence every trace of the Regimental records of the Black Watch
-of Ticonderoga.
-
-It may be readily seen that if Colonel Stewart who had all the
-information in 1817 which the British government was able to supply
-and who was also fortunate in having had an intimate acquaintance
-during his service in the Regiment with officers who have served
-almost from its formation, was unable to write a complete record,
-the task nearly one hundred years later might be considered well
-nigh hopeless. There was the hope, however, that some record which
-was then lost might have been discovered since Colonel Stewart’s
-time or that interesting matter might be found in the archives of
-the families who had sons in the Black Watch of 1758. It is a fact
-that only recently the regimental records of the Black Watch of
-two decades later were found in an old second-hand book store in
-Portsmouth and it is still possible that the regimental records of
-1758-9, which are now lost, may yet come to light.
-
-We find that nearly all the histories of the Highland Regiments
-follow Stewart of Garth nearly word for word in their accounts of
-the early history of the Black Watch. A notable exception, however,
-is “A Military History of Perthshire,” which has much that is new.
-There are also many interesting letters and other records in “The
-Chronicles of the Atholl and Tullibardine Families,” relating to
-the service of those of the Black Watch who came from the Atholl
-Family or estate, and at London we found some dispatches in the
-Public Record Office in the War Department which I have not seen
-published. The chief merit, however, if any, which I can claim
-for this address is that while it does not add much that is new,
-it does, I think, collect in one article nearly all that is known
-about the Black Watch of the Ticonderoga period.
-
-I might say here, also, that whatever was lacking in information
-was more than made up by the cordiality of our reception, as we
-found nearly every Scotsman interested in the oldest Highland
-Regiment of the British Army and glad to help us in any way
-possible. We are under special obligation, which I here wish to
-acknowledge, to Lt. Col. Hugh Rose, the present commander of the
-First Battalion of the Black Watch; Major D. L. Wilson Farquharson,
-D. S. O., who represented the Regiment at the unveiling of the
-memorial tablet at Ticonderoga, July 4, 1906, now retired and
-living in Allargue in Aberdeenshire, the home of the Farquharson’s
-for many generations; W. Skeoch Cumming of Edinburgh, artist and
-authority on Scottish costumes and tartans of the 18th century;
-Mrs. Campbell of Dunstaffnage, present owner of old Inverawe House;
-the Marchioness of Tullibardine, editor of “A Military History
-of Perthshire,” and the Duke of Atholl, present head of the Clan
-Murray, Honorary Colonel of the Third Battalion of the Black Watch
-and compiler of the “Chronicles of the Atholl and Tullibardine
-Families.”
-
-Before proceeding to the Black Watch of Ticonderoga, it would
-perhaps be well to give a brief history of the Regiment. There is
-considerable difference of opinion as to just when the independent
-companies which were afterwards to become the present regiment of
-the line were raised. The earliest record I have seen is that on
-the 3rd of August, 1667, King Charles II issued a commission under
-the Great Seal to John, second Earl of Atholl “to raise and keep
-such a number of men as he should think fit to be a constant guard
-for securing the peace in the Highlands” and “to watch upon the
-braes.”[1]
-
-From this time until 1739 the Black Watch was in various stages of
-formation.[2]
-
-It was at the period of the independent companies that the name
-Black Watch was given--Black from the sombre tartan in contrast to
-the regular soldiers who at that time had coats, waistcoats and
-breeches of scarlet cloth, and Watch because their duties were to
-watch or keep order in the Highlands. The character of the rank and
-file of the Black Watch of this period was exceedingly high, many
-gentlemen with servants serving as privates, and in addition to the
-enlistment being from the best families it was also possible to
-select only “men of full height, well proportioned and of handsome
-appearance.” There were several reasons for this, the principal one
-being probably the fact that at that period the carrying of arms
-was prohibited by penalties and it became an “object of ambition
-with all the young men of spirit to be admitted even as privates
-into a service which gave them the privilege of wearing arms.”
-Our interest in the Black Watch, however, is principally in the
-Regiment of the line as such and this dates from the commission
-given by George II, October 25, 1739, as follows:
-
-  “GEORGE R.--Whereas we have thought fit, that a regiment of
-  foot be forthwith formed under your command, and to consist of
-  ten companies, each to contain one captain, one lieutenant, one
-  ensign, three serjeants, three corporals, two drummers, and one
-  hundred effective private men; which said regiment shall be
-  partly formed out of six Independent Companies of Foot in the
-  Highlands of North Britain, three of which are now commanded by
-  captains, and three by captain-lieutenants. Our will and pleasure
-  therefore is, that one serjeant, one corporal, and fifty private
-  men, be forthwith taken out of the three companies commanded
-  by captains, and ten private men from the three commanded by
-  captain-lieutenants, making one hundred and eighty men, who are
-  to be equally distributed into the four companies hereby to be
-  raised; and the three serjeants and three corporals, draughted
-  as aforesaid, to be placed to such of the four companies as you
-  shall judge proper; and the remainder of the non-commissioned
-  officers and private men, wanting to complete them to the above
-  number, to be raised in the Highlands with all possible speed;
-  the men to be natives of that country, and none other to be taken.
-
-  This regiment shall commence and take place according to the
-  establishment thereof. And of these our orders and commands, you,
-  and the said three captains, and the three captain-lieutenants
-  commanding at present the six Independent Highland Companies, and
-  all others concerned, are to take notice, and to yield obedience
-  thereunto accordingly.
-
-  Given at our Court at St. James’s, this 25th day of October,
-  1739, and in the 13th year of our reign.
-
-      By His Majesty’s Command,
-      (Signed): Wm. Yonge.
-
-  To our Right Trusty and Right Well-Beloved
-  Cousin, John Earl of
-  Craufurd and Lindsay.”
-
-[Illustration: GRENADIER, 42^{ND} REG^T 1751.
-
-  PW REYNOLDS
-  1909.
-
-(_From a painting at Windsor Castle._)
-
-The tallest men of the Regiment of that period were formed into a
-Grenadier Company and wore the Grenadier bearskin. The rest of the
-uniform as above and the substitution of the blue bonnet for the
-bearskin was the uniform for the rest of the Regiment.]
-
-May, 1740, these ten companies were mustered in a field between
-Taybridge and Aberfeldy and in the army list of that year were
-known as “Earl of Crawford’s Regiment of Foot in the Highlands.”[3]
-There have been several changes of the official name of the
-Regiment but the “Black Watch” was always the familiar one in the
-country where it has drawn its recruits and since 1881 has been the
-official name in the British Army List.[4]
-
-  The uniform of this period was a “scarlet jacket and waistcoat,
-  with buff facings and white lace, tartan plaid of twelve yards
-  plaited round the middle of the body, the upper part being fixed
-  on the left shoulder, ready to be thrown loose and wrapped over
-  both shoulders and firelock in rainy weather. At night, the plaid
-  served the purpose of a blanket, and was a sufficient covering
-  for the Highlanders. These were called belted plaids, from being
-  kept tight to the body by a belt, and were worn on guards,
-  reviews, and on all occasions when the men were in full dress. On
-  this belt hung the pistols and dirk when worn. In the barracks,
-  and when not on duty, the little kilt or philibeg was worn, a
-  blue bonnet with a border of white, red, and green, arranged
-  in small squares to resemble, as is said, the fess cheque in
-  the arms of the different branches of the Stewart family, and
-  a tuft of feathers, or sometimes, from economy or necessity, a
-  small piece of black bearskin. The arms were a musket, a bayonet,
-  and a large basket-hilted broadsword. These were furnished by
-  Government; such of the men as chose to supply themselves with
-  pistols and dirks were allowed to carry them, and targets after
-  the fashion of the country. The sword-belt was of black leather,
-  and the cartouch-box was carried in front, supported by a narrow
-  belt round the middle.”[5]
-
-  “While the companies acted independently, each commander assumed
-  the tartan of his own Clan. When embodied, no clan having a
-  superior claim to offer an uniform plaid to the whole, and Lord
-  Crawford, the colonel, being a Lowlander, a new pattern was
-  assumed, and which has ever since been known as the 42d, or Black
-  Watch tartan, being distinct from all others.[6] Lord John Murray
-  gave the Athole tartan for the philibeg. The difference was only
-  a stripe of scarlet, to distinguish it from that of the belted
-  plaid. The pipers wore a red tartan of very bright colours, (of
-  the pattern known by the name of the Stewart or Royal Tartan), so
-  that they could be more clearly seen at a distance. When a band
-  of music was added, plaids of the pipers’ pattern were given to
-  them.”[7]
-
-Having given briefly the origin of the Regiment, we will pass to
-the period which is the subject of our article.
-
-May, 1756, war having been formally declared between France and
-England, a body of troops, the Highlanders forming a part, were
-embarked under the command of Lieut. General James Abercrombie
-and landed at New York, June, 1756. These were soon followed
-by more troops under the Earl of Loudon who was appointed
-Commander-in-Chief of the Army of America.
-
-The official name of the Regiment at this time was the 42d Regiment
-of Foot, but they are often spoken of in dispatches simply as the
-Highlanders, because they were the only Highland Regiment then
-in this section, or as Lord John Murray’s Highlanders from the
-custom of the times of calling a Regiment by the name of its
-Honorary Colonel. The commander of the Black Watch at this time
-was Lieut. Col. Francis Grant, son of the Laird of Grant, who had
-served in the Regiment from the time he had received his commission
-as Ensign, October 25, 1739. He was made Lieutenant Colonel
-December 17, 1755 and was in command of the Regiment all through
-the American campaign. The only other officer who had served
-continuously from the formation of the Regiment in 1739 was Gordon
-Graham of Drainie, who in 1756 was senior captain.
-
-The record of the Regiment from the landing in June, 1756, until
-the battle of July, 1758, is exceedingly meagre. In fact nothing
-of importance was done by the whole army. As one author puts it
-“Loudon was so engrossed in schemes for improving the condition of
-his men that he seemed to have no time for employing them against
-the enemy.” The following extract from a letter from the Earl of
-Loudon to William Pitt dated New York, March 10th, 1757, will
-illustrate the method of quartering troops of that period.
-
-  “In the end of your letter you have acquainted me, that words
-  shall be inserted, in the mutiny act to take away every doubt
-  about the Right of Quartering extending to America.
-
-  When I writ on that subject, I was but just arrived, and the
-  troops were mostly encamped. Since that I have had disputes to
-  settle, all over this Continent, in settling the winter quarters
-  for the Troops from whence I find, that the manner of quartering
-  in England, as in time of peace, on Publick Houses only, will in
-  no shape answer the intent in this country, for there are few
-  Publick Houses and most of them sell nothing but spirits, where
-  they possess only one room in which they sell the liquor, where
-  men cannot be quartered.
-
-  Whilst the war lasts, necessity will justify exceeding that
-  rule, as Troops must be under cover, in the places where it is
-  necessary to post them, for the security of the country and
-  carrying on the service, but as soon as a peace comes, it will,
-  by the English rule, be impossible to quarter any number of
-  Troops, in this country, without a new regulation, and the only
-  remedy that occurs to me at present, is adopting the method of
-  quartering in Scotland, where for the same reason of there not
-  being Publick Houses sufficient for the reception of Troops they
-  are by law quartered on private houses.
-
-  I must beg leave to give you one instance of the situation of
-  quarters here. When I arrived at Albany, I do not believe it
-  was possible to have quartered Fifty men on that town, on all
-  the Publick Houses in it, and taking a full survey of it, I
-  found that by quartering on the Private Houses, I can, without
-  incommoding them, in the parts of their houses, in which they
-  live, quarter Fourteen Hundred men, and for a short time, in case
-  of necessity, I could quarter Two thousand. I have mentioned this
-  to show you what the situation of all the Frontier Places, in
-  this country that are liable to attacks, must be, if quartering
-  is likely to be kept to, on Publick Houses only.
-
-  On the 10th instant arrived the Harriet Packet which brought me
-  the duplicates of your letters of the 9th and 11th of January,
-  and the next day came in here His Majesty’s ship the Hampshire
-  commanded by Captain Norbury, having under his convoy the nine
-  additional companies of the Highlanders,[8] who had a passage
-  of twelve weeks from Cork, and met with very bad weather; of
-  this convoy there were missing on his arrival in this Port,
-  the Arundal and Salisbury Transports. The last we have, since,
-  accounts of her getting into Rhode Island.
-
-  The Troops being sickly, I have cantooned them in villages
-  adjacent to this Port, for the sake of fresh provisions and
-  vegetables.”
-
-In the published histories of the time it is stated that the
-
-  “42d remained inactive in or near Albany during 1756 and that
-  throughout the winter and spring of the following year the men
-  were drilled and disciplined for bush fighting and markmanship, a
-  species of warfare for which they were well fitted, being for the
-  most part good shots and experts in the management of arms.”
-
-From the following letters found in the Public Record Office in
-London the quarters for the winter of 1756-7 were probably at
-Schenectady. Extract from letter from Loudon to Pitt, New York,
-25th April, 1757,
-
-  “The Highlanders were set in motion from Schenectady * * * they
-  marched without tents and lay in the woods upon the snow making
-  great fires and I do not find the troops have suffered * * * We
-  have on that River (Mohawk) at Schenectady and up to the German
-  Flats, the Highland Regiment upwards of a thousand men,” etc.
-
-The second letter reads as follows, and while it is chiefly of
-interest in this connection because it is dated from Schenectady,
-it also illustrates the custom of selling commissions:
-
-        Schenectady, April 24, 1757.
-
-  Francis Grant, Lt. Col. 42d Regiment.
-
-  Sir:--
-
-  I am convinced from several things that have happened me since I
-  have been in the Regiment that my continuing to serve any longer
-  in it would be disagreeable to the whole corps of officers and
-  being likewise sensible of my own unfitness for a military life
-  I have resolved to quit the Army as soon as I can obtain leave
-  to resign my commission. But as I have nothing else in the world
-  to depend upon and finding myself at present at a distance from
-  my family and friends or anyone whom I can depend on for advice,
-  interest or assistance and having frequently experienced your
-  goodness and favor, I have made bold to apply to you that you
-  would be pleased to intercede with his Excellency the Earl of
-  Loudon, in my behalf that His Lordship in consideration of my
-  distressed situation and circumstances might be moved to give me
-  leave to resign in favor of some person that would be willing to
-  allow me wherewithal to support me till I can settle and apply to
-  some other way of life.
-
-      In doing me this favor you’ll forever oblige, Sir,
-      Your respectful and gratefully obed’t hum. serv’t,
-          George Maclagan, Ens.
-
-  P. S.--If it is agreeable to your Lordship I am willing to pay
-  fifty pound Sterling for Mr. Peter Grant Voluntier.
-
-      Francis Grant, Lt. Col. 42d. Regt.”
-
-With these two dispatches from the British War Office as a clew I
-have tried to learn more about the winter quarters of the Black
-Watch and have looked through the Colonial manuscript in the New
-York State Library,[9] the Records of the City of Albany and the
-published works of the period but so far without success. I have
-been unable to find any Schenectady records of this period. It
-seems that a valuable collection of Glen-Sanders papers from the
-old Mansion across the Mohawk from Schenectady was recently sold
-and I have been told that in these there were several references
-to officers of the Black Watch. As the Glens[10] were Scots
-it would be quite likely that if this collection were not now
-scattered to the four winds much information about the Highlanders
-could be obtained. It is said that Schenectady was only a frontier
-village in 1756 and not large enough to take care of a regiment
-and it seems to be a fact from the reference given above that only
-a part of the thousand men were stationed here as it states that
-the Regiment was stretched along the Mohawk from Schenectady to
-the German Flats, but that it was a station for troops is proven
-by the list in the Public Record Office of the winter quarters for
-the troops in America for 1758, which states that the Black Watch
-was quartered in New York and Lt. General Murray’s at Schenectady.
-There is in the Public Record Office no list of winter quarters of
-the troops in America previous to 1758.[11]
-
-It appears, however, from the Town Records of Stamford, Conn.,
-that a committee representing that town made a claim on the
-“General Court” of the Colony of Connecticut to reimburse them
-for £369-13-4½ which the town had expended “in taking care of
-the Highlanders from November 30, 1757, to March 30, 1758. The
-soldiers numbered 250 officers and men and they had also belonging
-to them 17 women and 9 children.” They were probably part of the
-Black Watch. The only other Highland regiments of that time were
-Montgomery’s and Fraser’s, both raised in 1757 and their arrival
-at New York from Halifax is noted in the “Post Boy” of April 11,
-1757. This town record also further illustrates the custom of that
-time as previously stated and as an officer of the present Regiment
-aptly puts it, “they took not only their mess plate but their wives
-also, on service with them, and sometimes lost both.”
-
-[Illustration: Copy of an old Engraving showing the method of
-wearing the Belted Plaid
-
-  Drawn from the ... by Jn^n Sebastian Müller. Published Apr ... 1746.
-  Engraved by J. S. Müller.
-
-  An Highlander standing Centry, another walking,
-  both of them with their Cloaks gather’d ... the left Shoulder.
-
-                      Two Highlanders with their Cloaks over their
-                      Shoulders as in rainy weather.]
-
-This 250 at Stamford would only be a quarter of the Regiment,
-however, if Loudon had upwards of a thousand at or near Schenectady
-the winter before and it is probable that the rest were quartered
-at or near Schenectady as in 1756.
-
-Another statement that I have tried to confirm is the account by
-James Grant in his “Legends of the Black Watch” of the 50 chosen
-men under orders of MacGillivray of Glen Arrow, who went to
-reinforce Col. Munro at Fort William Henry. It is also said in a
-foot note of Wilson’s Orderly Book that Capt. Gordon Graham was
-at Fort William Henry at the time of the surrender, and this is
-repeated in N. Y. Colonial Mss. by O’Callaghan, page 728, Vol. 10,
-but I have not been able to find any other reference that would
-substantiate these statements.
-
-The only time the 42d emerges from the haze of mystery from June,
-1756, to the spring of 1758, is that they were a part of Loudon’s
-expedition against Louisbourg in 1757, and this was more a summer
-vacation than an act of war.
-
-If the English could have attacked Louisbourg in the spring
-or early summer, success would have been certain but Loudon
-couldn’t seem to get started. As a messenger from the Governor of
-Pennsylvania, who had waited in vain for a reply to a message,
-said about him he was like “St. George on a tavern sign, always on
-horse back and never riding on.” The expedition did not start from
-New York until June 20th and entered Halifax harbor the 30th. Even
-after this delay he was there before Admiral Holbourne, who did not
-arrive from England with his fleet of 15 ships-of-the-line and 3
-frigates, with 5,000 troops until July 10th. Then there was more
-delay, the 12,000 troops were landed and weeks spent in drilling
-and planting vegetables for their refreshment. Lord Charles Hay was
-put under arrest for saying that the “nation’s money was spent in
-sham battles and raising cabbages.” The troops were embarked again,
-but Aug. 4th a sloop came from Newfoundland bringing news of the
-arrival of three French squadrons at Louisbourg and as an attack
-after this reinforcement would be hopeless, the costly enterprise
-was abandoned and Loudon and the troops sailed back to New York
-where he arrived Aug. 31st. Delay was the ruin of the Louisbourg
-expedition and drew off British forces from the frontier where they
-were most needed.
-
-The troops were started immediately up the Hudson as soon as
-they were landed at New York but Fort William Henry had already
-been captured Aug. 9th and the French forces had fallen back to
-Ticonderoga.
-
-The spring of 1758 opened up with bright prospects. Lord Loudon had
-been recalled and General Abercrombie, with the able assistance
-of Lord Howe, was in command. Admiral Boscowen was appointed to
-command the fleet and Major-General Amherst and Brigadier-Generals
-Wolfe, Townsend and Murray were added to the military staff. Three
-expeditions were proposed for this year, Louisbourg, Ticonderoga
-and Crown Point, and Fort DuQuesne. The army in America had
-been largely reinforced during the winter and spring. Of these
-reinforcements the 42d was strengthened by three additional
-companies and recruits bringing the Regiment up to about 1,300 men.
-
-As we have considerable information about these three companies
-through the Atholl Records, it will be interesting to turn back
-and follow them from the start to the beginning of the Ticonderoga
-campaign. The first item and one of interest because it shows
-the method of raising companies in those days, is a letter from
-the Duke of Argyll to the Duke of Atholl, dated London, July 9,
-1757.[12]
-
-  “My Lord:--This is to acquaint your Grace that there is to be
-  3 additional Companies raised for Lord John Murray’s Regiment.
-  I believe the nomination of the officers will be left to me
-  and consequently to Your Grace; there will be 3 captains, 6
-  lieutenants and 3 ensigns and 100 men each company. The raising
-  the men will be the merit of those who shall desire to be
-  officers and if any can be found who have served in Holland, so
-  much the better. Your Grace will have your thought on this but
-  don’t promise anybody till you let me hear from you. I shall
-  speak to Lord John but I will bid him consult you and will
-  plainly tell him that the commissions must all be given gratis.
-  The other two Highland Regiments will likewise have the same
-  addition made to them.
-
-  I am with the greatest truth and respect, My Lord, Yr Gr’s most
-  faithful and obt. h’ble Servant, Argyll.”
-
-By the Duke of Atholl’s recommendation the three companies were
-given to James Stewart of Urrard; James Murray, nephew of the Duke
-of Atholl and son of Lord George Murray; and Thomas Stirling of
-Ardoch. Three of the new subalterns were from the Atholl estate,
-namely Lieut. Alexander Menzies and Ensigns Duncan Stewart, son
-of Derculich, and George Rattray, son of Dalralzion. The three
-companies were mustered in October and marched from Perth to
-Glasgow, where they remained until November 15, when they marched
-to Greenock and embarked December 1st in transports for Cork en
-route to America.
-
-April 22, 1758, Capt. James Murray wrote from New York to Mr.
-Murray of Strowan announcing his safe arrival after a voyage
-of eleven weeks from Cork. The joys of a voyage in those times
-when it could take ten days to sail from Scotland to Ireland, is
-illustrated by a letter from Capt. Murray, dated Youghall, 11 Dec.,
-1757.[13]
-
-  My dear Brother:--This is to let you know that I am just now
-  in good health and safely arrived here with my company. My
-  transport, together with the other five, set sail on the 1st
-  cur’t in the evening along with the Convoy; we had a fair wind
-  and good weather until Sunday, early in the morning (when we
-  were past Waterfort in our way to Corck) about eight, there came
-  on one of the most prodigeous storms that the sailors said they
-  had never seen the like before. About two in the afternoon we
-  lost sight of the Convoy and all the transports and have not yet
-  any sure accounts whether they have got all safe into harbours
-  or not. But since I came here I hear that there was five or six
-  ships lost on the Coast that day. The storm abated somewhat
-  Monday morning but it continued bad weather until Friday evening,
-  during which time we were often in risk of our lives especially
-  twice, once being within two yards of a great rock and the other
-  time when we were on two fathom water going on a sandbank.
-
-  During all that time we were near several harbours, such as
-  Doublin, Waterfort, Corck and others but all without success.
-  Saturday and this day we had good weather by which means we got
-  into harbour.
-
-      Your most aff’te brother,
-      James Murray.
-
-
-From November until April seems a long voyage from Scotland to
-America even in those days of primitive navigation, but another of
-the three additional companies was blown into Antigua and did not
-arrive at New York until June.
-
-With the activities of the preparations for the Ticonderoga
-campaign a number of dispatches were sent to the Home Government
-and it is possible to follow more closely the fortunes of the Black
-Watch.
-
-The addition of these three companies raised the Regiment to 1,300
-men, and we find among the official documents a petition from Capt.
-Gordon Graham, endorsed by Lt. Col. Grant and General Abercrombie,
-asking to be made Major in addition to Major Duncan Campbell, as
-follows:[14]
-
-  To His Excellency James Abercromby, Esq., General and Commander
-  in Chief of all His Majesty’s forces in North America, etc.,
-  etc., etc.
-
-  The Memorial of Gordon Graham, eldest Captain in His Majesty’s
-  42nd Regiment of Foot in North America.
-
-  Humbly sheweth
-
-  That your memorialist hath had the honour to serve His Majesty
-  upwards of twenty-five years, twelve of which as Captain in the
-  above Regiment and is now eldest in that Rank.
-
-  That he hath served in Flanders and elsewhere during all the last
-  war, some part of which he was employed as Major of Brigade,
-  and had a commission as such from General St. Clair, on the
-  expedition under his command in the year 1746.
-
-  May it therefore please your Excellency to lay his case before
-  His Majesty that he in his great wisdom may be graciously pleased
-  to promote him to the Rank of Major when an opportunity offers,
-  all which is humbly submitted.
-
-  To His Excellency, James Abercromby, Esqr., General and Commander
-  in Chief of all his Majesty’s forces in North America, etc.,
-  etc., etc.
-
-  The Memorial of Colonel Francis Grant, Commanding his Majesty’s
-  42nd Regiment of Foot.
-
-  Humbly sheweth
-
-  That his Majesty having thought proper to augment the said
-  Regiment to 1,300 men by adding three additional companies to it,
-  and such a body of men being too numerous to be exercised and
-  disciplined by one Major only, your memorialist humbly conceives,
-  that it would be for the good of his Majesty’s service to have
-  another Major added, as has been already done to the other two
-  Highland Battalions commanded by the Colonels Montgomery and
-  Fraser.
-
-  May it therefore please your Excellency to lay this matter before
-  His Majesty that he in his great wisdom may be graciously pleased
-  to give such directions thereupon as shall be thought necessary,
-  all which is humbly submitted.
-
-  Colo. Grant, commanding His Majesty’s 42nd Regiment, and Mr.
-  Gordon Graham, a Captain in the same, having each of them
-  presented me with a memorial, the contents of which I know to
-  be true, I herewith transmit them to your Lordship, to be laid
-  before the King, and to know His Royal Pleasure therein.
-
-Extract from a letter signed James Abercromby to the Right Hon.
-Lord Viscount Barrington, dated New York, Apr. 28, 1758.
-
-As will be seen later Capt. Graham became Major before hearing from
-the King.
-
-The next dispatch which is of interest and which makes changes
-in the list of Commissioned Officers is as follows: Extract from
-letter signed by James Abercromby to the Right Honorable the Lord
-Viscount Barrington, dated Albany, May 27, 1758.[15]
-
-  “In the list of the Commissions which I had the honour to
-  transmit to your Lordship, by my last letter, you will have
-  observed two vacancies in the 42nd Regiment, occasioned by the
-  removal of Sir James Cockburn into the 48th which could not be
-  filled up at the time my letter went away, as the gentlemen,
-  whom it was proposed should purchase those vacancies were
-  then at Albany,[16] and their answer not arrived; since that
-  the Lieutenancy has been made out in the name of Mr. Patrick
-  Balnevas, and bears date the 1st of April; and Mr. Elbert Hering
-  succeeds to the Ensigncy, dated the 3rd of the same month.”
-
-Then we have the dispatch just before the battle from Abercrombie
-to Pitt, dated Camp at Lake George, June 29, 1758, saying:
-
-  “Arrived Fort Edward on the 9th, where Lord Howe was encamped
-  with the 42nd, 44th, and 55th Regiments and 4 companies of
-  Rangers. Remainder of Regulars were at posts below on Hudson
-  River and were working up the stores, etc. On the 17th Lord Howe
-  marched to the Brook, half way between Fort Edward and the Lake
-  with the 42nd, 44th, and 55th. This Half-way Brook was judged a
-  proper post for the first Deposit in a Portage of 15 miles.[17]
-  After the carriages had made several trips Lord Howe advanced to
-  the Lake with the 42nd, 44th, and 55th.”
-
-Attached to this letter is a report of troops at Lake George, June
-29, 1758, and the roll of the 42nd was as follows:
-
-  “10 companies, 1 Lt. Colonel, 1 Major, 8 Captains, 18
-  Lieutenants, 7 Ensigns, 1 Chaplain, 1 Adjutant, 1 QuarterMaster,
-  1 Surgeon, 2 Mates, 40 Sergeants, 18 Drummers; Rank and File--981
-  fit for duty, 11 sick present, 6 in general hospital, 2 on
-  command, 1,000 total. 1 drummer and 40 rank and file wanting to
-  complete.”
-
-We find the solution of why there were only 1,000 of the Black
-Watch with the Ticonderoga expedition when its strength was known
-to be 1,300 at that time, in another extract of the Report of
-June 29th from Abercrombie to Pitt: “I have left two additional
-Companies of Lord John Murray’s to garrison Fort Edward. The
-other additional company of the 42nd which was blown into Antego
-(Antigua), I hear is arrived at New York, which I have ordered up
-to Albany.”
-
-This is confirmed in more detail in a letter from Sir Robert
-Menzies to Mr. Murray of Strowan, dated Rannock, 6th Sept., 1758,
-in which is an extract from a letter received by Menzies from
-“Jamie Stewart.”[18]
-
-  “That, after the additional Companies arrived in Fort Edward, the
-  best men were picked out to compleat the Regiment in place of the
-  sick and old men that were put in their place. That, as Capt.
-  Reid was left behind sick at Albany, Capt. Murray was appointed
-  to his company and Reid to the additionals, as Capt. Abercrombie
-  was to Capt. Murray’s Company. That the additional companies,
-  with Captains Sterling, Reid, and Abercrombie, etc., were left
-  at Fort Edward, where they had nothing to do but to garrison the
-  Fort and divert themselves.”
-
-Everything is now in readiness for the attack on Ticonderoga and
-an army of six thousand three hundred seventy-seven regulars and
-nine thousand thirty-four provincials (Abercrombie to Pitt July 12,
-1758) embarked at Lake George early on the morning of July 5th.
-There were nine hundred batteaux, a hundred and thirty-five whale
-boats and a large number of heavy flatboats carrying the artillery
-and from front to rear the line was six miles long.
-
-[Illustration: --Courtesy Glens Falls Insurance Co.
-
-The Embarkation of Abercrombie’s Army at Lake George, July 5,
-1758]
-
-Parkman in his “Montcalm and Wolfe” paints the scene as follows:
-
-  “The spectacle was superb; the brightness of the summer day;
-  the romantic beauty of the scenery; the sheen and sparkle of
-  those crystal waters; the countless islets, tufted with pine,
-  birch, and fir; the bordering mountains, with their green summits
-  and sunny crags; the flash of oars and glitter of weapons; the
-  banners, the varied uniforms, and the notes of bugle, trumpet,
-  bag-pipe, and drum, answered and prolonged by a hundred woodland
-  echoes. ‘I never beheld so delightful a prospect,’ wrote a
-  wounded officer at Albany a fortnight after.
-
-  “Rogers with the Rangers, and Gage with the light infantry, led
-  the way in whaleboats, followed by Bradstreet with his corps of
-  boatman, armed and drilled as soldiers. Then came the main body.
-  The central column of regulars was commanded by Lord Howe, his
-  own regiment, the fifty-fifth, in the van, followed by the Royal
-  Americans, the twenty-seventh, forty-fourth, forty-sixth, and
-  eightieth infantry, and the Highlanders of the forty-second, with
-  their major, Duncan Campbell of Inverawe, silent and gloomy amid
-  the general cheer, for his soul was dark with foreshadowings of
-  death. With this central column came what are described as two
-  floating castles, which were no doubt batteries to cover the
-  landing of the troops. On the right hand and the left were the
-  provincials, uniformed in blue, regiment after regiment, from
-  Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, and Rhode
-  Island. Behind them all came the batteaux, loaded with stores
-  and baggage, and the heavy flatboats that carried the artillery,
-  while a rear-guard of provincials and regulars closed the long
-  procession.”
-
-It will be unnecessary to go into the details of this disastrous
-campaign as it is not only well known to most of you but three
-papers bearing on the subject will be read at this meeting.[19]
-Briefly the army landed at the foot of Lake George the morning of
-the 6th and the afternoon of the same day Lord Howe at the head of
-a Ticonderoga party was killed at the outlet of Trout Brook. This
-is the beginning of the end as Lord Howe was the real head of the
-army. Abercrombie took until the eighth to make up his mind what
-to do and this interim gave the French time to build the fatal
-breastworks across the ridge about one-half mile west of the Fort
-and enabled Lévis to arrive with reinforcements.
-
-As the breastworks play a most important part in the Battle it
-will perhaps be well to again quote from Parkman who gives a most
-comprehensive description.
-
-  “The trees that covered the ground were hewn down by thousands,
-  the tops lopped off, and the trunks piled one upon another to
-  form a massive breastwork. The line followed the top of the
-  ridge, along which it zigzagged in such a manner that the whole
-  front could be swept by flank-fires of musketry and grape. It
-  was so high that nothing could be seen over it but the crowns of
-  the soldiers’ hats. The upper tier was formed of single logs, in
-  which notches were cut to serve as loopholes; and in some places
-  sods and bags of sand were piled along the top, with narrow
-  spaces to fire through. From the central part of the line the
-  ground sloped away like a natural glacis; while at the sides,
-  and especially on the left, it was undulating and broken. Over
-  this whole space, to the distance of a musket-shot from the
-  works, the forest was cut down, and the trees left lying where
-  they fell among the stumps, with tops turned outwards, forming
-  one vast abattis, which, as a Massachusetts officer says, looked
-  like a forest laid flat by a hurricane. But the most formidable
-  obstruction was immediately along the front of the breastworks,
-  where the ground was covered with heavy boughs, overlapping and
-  interlaced, with sharpened points bristling into the face of the
-  assailant like the quills of a porcupine. As these works were all
-  of wood, no vestige of them remains. The earth-works now shown
-  to tourists as the lines of Montcalm were begun four days after
-  the battle to replace the log breastwork; and though on the same
-  ground are not on the same plan.”
-
-Behind these breastworks the battalions of LaSarre and Languedoc
-were posted on the left under Bourlamaque, the first battalion of
-Berry with that of Royal Roussillon in the center under Montcalm
-and those of LaReine, Béarn and Guienne on the right under Lévis.
-A detachment of volunteers occupied the low grounds between the
-breastworks and the outlet of Lake George and on the side toward
-Lake Champlain were stationed 450 regulars and Canadians, about
-3,600 in all.
-
-It is always easy to criticise an event after it has occurred, but
-the result certainly shows that Abercrombie could not have planned
-his campaign more to the advantage of the French. He first gave
-them time to build those formidable breastworks and then instead
-of choosing any one of half a dozen plans which would have brought
-victory, he decided to throw his army unsupported by artillery,
-which was still at Lake George, at the strongest part of the
-French position, he himself staying in safety at the saw mill
-(about which we heard this afternoon in the able paper read by Mr.
-Delano at the unveiling of the tablet) a mile and a half in the
-rear of his army.[20]
-
-The sad result is too well known to dwell on and we pass at once
-to the part played by the Black Watch. They, with the 55th were to
-have formed the reserve but impatient at being left in the rear
-the Highlanders could not be restrained and were soon in the front
-endeavoring to cut their way through the fallen trees with their
-broadswords. Captain John Campbell, who was one of the two soldiers
-presented to George II in 1743, with a few men, were the only ones
-to force their way over the breastworks and they were instantly
-dispatched with the bayonet.
-
-Lieut. William Grant of the Regiment writes as follows:
-
-  “The attack began a little past one in the afternoon and about
-  two the fire became general on both sides. It was exceedingly
-  heavy and without intercession insomuch as the oldest soldier
-  never saw so furious and incessant a fire. The fire at Fontenoy
-  was nothing to it. I saw both.”
-
-An officer of the 55th regiment, of which Lord Howe had been the
-commander, wrote as follows:
-
-  “With a mixture of esteem, grief and envy, I am penetrated by
-  the great loss and immortal glory acquired by the Highlanders
-  engaged in the late bloody affair. Impatient for the fray, they
-  rushed forward to the entrenchments which many of them actually
-  mounted, their intrepidity was rather animated than dampened by
-  witnessing their comrades fall on every side. They seemed more
-  anxious to avenge the fate of their deceased friends than to
-  avoid a like death. In their co-operation we trust soon to give a
-  good account of the enemy and of ourselves. There is much harmony
-  and friendship between the two regiments.”
-
-Even the French were impressed with the valor of the Black Watch as
-Garneau writes in L’Histoire du Canada.[21]
-
-  “The Highlanders above all, under Lord John Murray, covered
-  themselves with glory. They formed the head of the troops
-  confronting the Canadians, their light and picturesque costume
-  distinguishing them from all other soldiers amid the flame and
-  smoke. This corps lost half of its men and 25 of its officers
-  were killed or severely wounded.”
-
-Lossing writes,
-
-  “The whole army seemed envious to excell but the Scotch Highland
-  Regiment of Lord John Murray was foremost in the conflict and
-  suffered the severest loss.”[22]
-
-The following letters from Captain Allan Campbell are of interest:
-
-      Camp at Lake George, 11th July, 1758.
-
-  Dr. Broyr.,--The 8th of this month we had a hot brush at the
-  lines of Ticonderoga where we lost a considerable number of
-  men and officers. The officers of your acquentance wounded are
-  Major Campbell and his son. Both in their arms, and I hope
-  will do well. Captain Stratchur slightly in the breast, Ltt.
-  Archd. Campbell Sheriff Badly in the Breast, Lt. John Campbell
-  Glendaruel slightly in the arm, Capt. Ltt. John Campbell Duneaves
-  killed, Ltt. Hugh Macpherson ditto, Capt. Graham, Duchra, and
-  Broyr. Both wounded slightly and several other offrs. of the
-  Regt, but not of your acquentance are killed and wounded.
-
-  Our Regt, acquired great glory by their good behaviour of both
-  men and officers, tho’ we were unsuccessfull. I have the pleasure
-  to aquent you that both my nephew George and I eskeaped without a
-  scratch, tho’ both in the heat of the action. George is a pritty
-  Lad: he’s now a Ltt. in Coll. Gages Regt, of Lt. Infantry. Your
-  son the Major was well about 2 months ago at Philadelphia. We are
-  now at the end of Lake George Encampt. I have told you now all
-  the news that can occurr to me or that I have time to write you,
-  and I thought it my duty to acquent you and my other Broyrs. of
-  my being well after a smart action. I have no time to write you
-  more being excessively hurried having no Body to assist me in the
-  affairs of my Company having my three Ltts. killed or wounded
-  viz. Ltt. Balie killed and Ltts. Archd. Campbell and William
-  Grant wounded. I’ll write you very fully in my nixt. My best
-  wishes to my sister, to your family and all our friends, and I am
-  Dr. Bryr, your most affec. and Lov. Broyr, while
-
-      Allan Campbell.
-
-
-      New York, 6th January 1759.
-
-  Dr. Brother,--I writt you the 11th July in a great hurry after
-  our retreat from Ticonderoga to let you know of mine and George’s
-  welfair, after that unlucky afair, where severall of our friends
-  and a great many worthy Fellows suffer’d. Our Regt, lost more
-  than any other Corps at the attack of the Lines. We have had
-  killed and wounded since the beginning of the Campaign 520
-  (officers included) of which about 300 were left dead on the
-  field or have dyed of their wounds, and of 37 officers that were
-  present with the Regt. that day 11 only came off unhurt, of which
-  number I was lucky enough to be one.
-
-  You would certainly hear before now of poor Major Campbell
-  Inveraw’s death, he liv’d about a fortnight after he receiv’d his
-  wound, the Doctors thought it necessary that his arm should be
-  cut off, and he dyed soon after the operation at Fort Edward, all
-  the rest of our wounded officers are quite recover’d except his
-  son, Sandy, Jock Campbell Glendaruel, and Archie Shirreff, but
-  they are out of all danger, only their cure will be tedious.
-
-  Poor George had a narrow escape the day we landed at the French
-  end of the Lake, having had a scratch along the face with a
-  musquet Ball. He was in a smart little action that happen’d in
-  the woods a mounth afterwards between a detachment of 500 of our
-  army under the command of Major Rogers and much the same number
-  of Indians French and Canadians, where the latter were repulsed
-  with the loss of 100 men, and I assure you his behaviour at that
-  affair was much aplauded by his Broyr. officers on their return
-  to the Army.
-
-  He’s now second oldest Lieut, in General Gage’s Regt. of light
-  arm’d infantry, for which he’s obliged to the late Major
-  Campbell, Inveraw; and as they talk at present of agmenting that
-  corps, he’ll have a good chance of getting Higher up, and in any
-  event he’s better off by being so High in that Regt. as they are
-  now an Establish’d Corps, than if he had staid in ours, where he
-  could be but a young Lieut. His Coll, has a great regard for him,
-  and very Deservedly for he’s a lad of good morals, a good spirit,
-  and very fit for his Business. He has acted as Adjutant to that
-  Regt. since July last, by which he has nothing yet but Troble,
-  there being no Adjutant allow’d, and that his Collonel means it
-  for him; if he’s lucky enough to get that, I think he’s very well
-  provided for for the time he has served.
-
-  I have advanc’d him Twenty Guineas for which he gave me a Bill
-  on you. I hope you’ll not Disaprove of my conduct for doing it,
-  nor blame him for running so much short, when I explain to you
-  the cause of it; its trew he came over very well Riged out,
-  but his changing Corps put him under a necessity of Buying new
-  Regimentals, as these Differ in Colours from the rest of the
-  Army, being Brown, besides his expense must be greater upon his
-  first comming in among Strangers, and he had the misfortune of
-  being sent a recruiting last winter, which really is a misfortune
-  to an officer in this Country unless he is very carfull and
-  happens to be successful, and I belive George lost by it. This I
-  ashure you is truth, and when you consider it was owing to these
-  accidents, that he could not possibly guard against, I am hopfull
-  you’l easily forgive him. I was likewise oblig’d to advance our
-  Unkle Corries’ son, Colin, Twenty two Pounds eighteen shillings
-  and tenpence or he must have gone naked, having lost all his
-  things at Fort William Henry. I have sent both Bills to Brother
-  Robert. George and Colin are sent this winter a Recruiting to
-  Pensilvania.
-
-  I had a letter dated the 30 Novr. from my nephew, the Major, from
-  where Fort du Quesne stood, he was then very well. I expect dayly
-  to hear from him, he’s had as troublesome and Fatigueing Campaign
-  of it, as ever any Body had, our Army has been above a Month in
-  Winter Quarters befor thers got to Fort du Quesne, which the
-  French burnt upon ther near aproach, and an immense long march
-  they have to get back to Philadelphia, wher ther Regt, is to be
-  Quarter’s this winter, and where I intend to go and see him, when
-  I hear of ther arrival, its about 100 miles from this place that
-  our Regt, is now quartere’d in.
-
-  We long much for a Pacquet here having no news from Europe for
-  some months, I take the opportunity of writing you now by the
-  Kennington Man of War that carries home General Abercrombie. * * *
-
-  There is no News here at Present. All our Friends in this Country
-  are Well. Remember my best wishes to my Sister, and the rest
-  of your Family whom may God Almighty bless and I ever am, Dr.
-  Brother, your affec. and Lov. Broyr.
-
-      Allan Campbell.[23]
-
-
-I also give in full the letter written by Capt. James Murray to his
-brother, Mr. Murray of Strowan, dated Albany, July 19, 1758, as
-his description of the country and the events during and after the
-battle lend color to the picture.[24]
-
-  My Dear Brother:--The last letter I wrote you was dated from Fort
-  Edward camp about 18th June. We proceeded on to Lake George where
-  Fort William Henry formerly stood which was taken and destroyed
-  by the French last year, where we remained until the 5th curt.
-  and then the whole army embarked on the lake in batteaux that
-  hold 23 men with a month’s provisions all the artillery stores
-  was likewise embarked, and everything else belonging to an army.
-  We were divided into brigades. There was in all about 5,000
-  regulars and 12,000 provincials. We had also light infantry and
-  rangers who had whale-boats which are the lightest and best going
-  boats that can be made. We put off about 8 and got fairly into
-  the lake which I took to be about 20 miles long and not above two
-  miles at the broadest part of it. There are several small islands
-  which are quite covered with wood and all around the lake is
-  very hilly and quite covered with woods, as the most part of the
-  country is, at least what I have seen on’t.
-
-  This lake abounds in fine trout the meat of which is red, pearch,
-  suckers and several other sorts of fish. There is also plenty
-  of beavers. On the side of the lake there is plenty of deer but
-  I have not seen any since I came to the country. Sometimes when
-  I have been out on command I have killed rattle snakes about
-  four feet long and as thick as the small of one’s leg, with 18
-  rattles, which altogether might be about four inches long. They
-  say some have twenty or more. They have both teeth and a sting.
-  The rattles being at the tail makes them that they can stand up
-  on end and spring a short way at one. When touched they make
-  a great noise with their rattles. Their bite is not so bad as
-  called for it can be easily cured with oil or salt. They smell
-  exactly like a goat, rather ranker if possible before they are
-  seized but afterwards have almost no smell at all. They make the
-  richest and best soup that can be which I eat of and like much.
-  The meat is but insipid.
-
-  The 6th we disembarked at the lower end of the lake. In the
-  morning out light infantry and rangers had some skirmishing with
-  the French pickets. Lord Howe was killed at the second shot and
-  he is very much regretted. There was taken that day about 150
-  prisoners, five of whom were officers. They had a great many
-  killed so that very few of their pickets escaped which consisted
-  in all of about 350.
-
-  The next day being the 7th, we were making preparations to invest
-  a fort called Theenderora which is five miles from Lake George
-  and is situate on a neck of land that runs into Lake Champlain.
-  As to the dimensions of that lake I can’t say, and marched
-  within a mile and half of it that evening. The next morning the
-  light infantry made the French sentries and small posts retire to
-  their entrenchments for the French had an encampment about half
-  a cannon shot before their fort, and were entrenched after the
-  following manner: They had large cut trees one laid above another
-  a man’s height and in the outside there was brush and logs for
-  about 15 paces from it which made it impossible to force their
-  breastworks without cannon which we had not taken up that length
-  as then. They were also under cover of the fort or if we could
-  beat them out of their trenches, they could have retired pretty
-  safely.
-
-  Between one and two we marched up and attacked the trenches
-  and got within twenty paces of them and had as hot a fire for
-  about three hours as possibly could be, we all the time seeing
-  but their hats and the end of their muskets. About half an hour
-  before we were obliged to retire I received a shot through my
-  thigh after which I stayed a few minutes but finding if I stayed
-  any longer my thigh would turn stiff and losing a great deal of
-  blood I with help got into the road and that evening with Capt.
-  Gordon Graham, our paymaster, got into a whaleboat and against
-  the next morning got to the upper end of Lake George and was
-  transported down here. I am confined to my bed but the surgeons
-  say my wound looks as well as can be expected, nor is there any
-  sort of danger in it as it has only grazed the bone, so I shall
-  be well soon again. I am in perfect good health, have a good
-  appetite and sleep tolerably well.
-
-  Our regiment has suffered much. There was the captain, lieutenant
-  and six subalterns killed on the spot and since the major and
-  the lieutenant have died of their wounds. The colonel, four
-  captains, and twelve subalterns are wounded. 180 men killed
-  and 280 wounded. None of the other regiments’ losses were near
-  so great. Capt. Stewart was not touched, Capt. Sterling nor
-  Farquharson were not there so are well, but Lieut. Farquharson’s
-  younger brother was killed. Lieut. David Mills, my lieutenant,
-  is not ill wounded and is pretty well, so if you would inform
-  his father-in-law, Mr. Hamilton, of Hutcheson, who stays near
-  Glasgow, you would oblige me. Neil Stewart at Perth knows him.
-
-  I received a letter from Lord John 15th May letting me know you
-  are all well which gave me a great deal of pleasure but it would
-  much more so to hear from some of you for it is very long since I
-  had that satisfaction, the last being at Ireland, for Lord John
-  wrote me no particulars.
-
-  Offer my humble duty to my dear mother and elsewhere due and best
-  love to dear Lady Charlotte, Lady Sinclair, George, Charlotte and
-  Invercauld, and my best blessing attend all the young ones. My
-  kind compliments to Shusy Moray and tell her I had her hair about
-  my neck when I received my wound which might have probably gone
-  to my heart if it had not been wounded already.
-
-  I am ever your most effectionate brother,
-
-      James Murray.
-
-
-Thus had the army which landed so proudly two days before been
-disastrously repulsed, with a loss in killed and wounded and
-missing of nineteen hundred and forty-four officers and men. In his
-report of July 12, 1758, Abercrombie gives the casualty of the 42nd
-as follows:
-
-  “Killed--Capt. Lt. John Campbell; Lts. George Farquharson, Hugh
-  McPherson, William Bailey, John Sutherland; Ensigns Peter Stewart
-  and George Rattray.
-
-  Wounded--Major Duncan Campbell; Captains Gordon Graham, Thomas
-  Graeme, John Campbell, James Stewart, James Murray; Lieutenants
-  William Grant, Robert Gray, John Campbell, James Grant, John
-  Graham, Alexander Campbell, Alexander McIntosh, Archibald
-  Campbell, David Mill,[25] Patrick Balnevis; Ensigns John Smith
-  and Peter Grant.
-
-  Summary--1 major wounded, captains 1 killed, 4 wounded;
-  lieutenants 4 killed, 11 wounded; ensigns 2 killed, 2 wounded;
-  adjutants 1 wounded; quarter master 1 wounded; sergeants 6
-  killed, 13 wounded, rank and file 190 killed, 265 wounded.”
-
-Stewart of Garth writes as follows:
-
-  “Of these the 42nd regiment had 8 officers, 9 serjeants, and
-  297 men killed, and 17 officers, 10 serjeants, and 306 soldiers
-  wounded. The officers were, Major Duncan Campbell of Inverawe,
-  Captain John Campbell, Lieutenants George Farquharson, Hugh
-  McPherson, William Baillie, and John Sutherland; Ensigns Patrick
-  Stewart of Bonskied and George Rattray killed; Captains Gordon
-  Graham, Thomas Graham of Duchray, John Campbell of Strachur,
-  James Stewart of Urrad, James Murray (afterward General);
-  Lieutenants James Grant, Robert Gray, John Campbell, William
-  Grant, John Graham, brother of Duchray, Alexander Campbell,
-  Alexander Mackintosh, Archibald Campbell, David Miller, Patrick
-  Balneaves; and Ensigns John Smith and Peter Grant, wounded.”
-
-Capt. James Murray writes from Albany 17th August, 1758:[26]
-
-  “As I observed in my last, our regiment has suffered greatly. The
-  Major has since died of his wounds, Sandy Farquharson has got
-  his lieutenancy by seniority which one would not have thought
-  that the youngest ensign of the additionals would have been so
-  soon a lieutenant. I am recovering pretty well and can walk about
-  although I am much pained in my knee but hope will be able to
-  soon joint the regiment.”
-
-Capt. James Stewart writes 14th July from Lake George:[27]
-
-  “That all the Captains were wounded, less or more, excepting
-  Captains McNeil and Allan Campbell, that Major Campbell got his
-  right arm wounded, but not dangerous and his son, Lieutenant
-  Alexander Campbell had his arm broke betwixt the elbow and
-  shoulder, but he was in a good way.”
-
-Parkman states that Lt. Alexander Campbell was severely wounded but
-reached Scotland alive and died in Glasgow.[28]
-
-Abercrombie reports to Pitt from Lake George, Aug. 19, 1758;
-
-  “Major Duncan Campbell of the 42nd who was wounded in the arm at
-  the battle on the 8th was obliged to have it cut off and died
-  soon thereafter.”[29]
-
-It would seem therefore that the wounds of Major Campbell and his
-son were not necessarily fatal and that modern surgery would have
-cured them. The following however, taken from Garneau’s L’Histoire
-du Canada might explain the unexpected mortality. “Scarcely any of
-the wounded Highlanders ever recovered and even those sent home as
-invalids; their sores cankered, owing to the broken glass, ragged
-bits of metal, etc., used by the Canadians instead of shot.”[30]
-
-Or this extract from letter of Brig. General James Wolfe to Lord
-George Sackville:
-
-      Halifax 24″ May 1758.
-
-  “Some of the Regiments of this Army have 300 or 400 men eat up
-  with the Scurvey. All of them that are wounded or hurt by any
-  accident run great risks of their lives from the corrupted state
-  of the blood.
-
-  “The curious part of the barbarity is that the scoundrels
-  of Contractors can afford the fresh meat in many places and
-  circumstances as cheap as the salt.”
-
-[Illustration: Original headstone at Grave of Major Duncan Campbell
-of Inverawe.
-
-(Jane McCrea lot in Union Cemetery, between Fort Edward and Hudson
-Falls.)]
-
-Abercrombie states in his report of July 12, 1758,
-
-  “I sent the wounded officers and the men that could be moved to
-  Fort Edward and Albany.”
-
-Major Campbell was sent to Fort Edward and upon his death nine days
-after the battle he was buried in the family lot of the Gilchrists,
-in the old cemetery at Fort Edward. The body was moved to the
-Gilchrist lot in the new Union cemetery between Sandy Hill and Fort
-Edward in 1871, and in 1920 was moved again to the Jane McCrea lot
-in the same cemetery. The original stone may still be seen and
-bears the inscription: “Here Lyes the body of Duncan Campbell of
-Inversaw, Esqr Major to The old Highland Regt. Aged 55 Years. Who
-died The 17th July, 1758, of wounds he received in the attack of
-the retrenchments of Ticonderoga or Carillon, 8th July, 1758.”
-
-Stewart of Garth says,
-
-  “The old Highland Regiment having suffered so severely * * * they
-  were not employed again that year.”
-
-In the N. Y. Colonial Records, however, we find that some regulars
-of the 42nd and 6th Regts. amounting to 155 men (probably one
-company of each) were with Bradstreet in his exposition against
-Fort Frontenac.[31]
-
-In Abercrombie’s report of Aug. 19, 1758, he states that part of
-the additional companies of the 42nd were sent to reinforce Brig.
-General Provost at Fort Edward and that one company of the 42nd
-and some of the recovering men were stationed at Albany. From this
-it might be inferred that the only part of the Black Watch fit for
-duty were the three additional companies which had not been in
-the battle of July 8th and it is possible that the one company of
-the 42nd that had been blown out of its course to Antigua and had
-not arrived at New York until June did not get further north than
-Albany. The winter quarters of the 42nd for 1758 were at New York.
-(Abercrombie to Pitt, No. 25, 1758.)[32]
-
-The official title is now changed to the “42nd or Royal Regiment
-of foot,” and the regiment is commonly called the Royal
-Highlanders. It has erroneously been stated that the Black Watch
-was granted this honor of being a “Royal” regiment because of its
-gallantry at Ticonderoga, but it is all the more to its credit that
-it had earned this distinction before the battle at Ticonderoga.
-The title was granted by special warrant dated July 22, 1758, while
-the news of the defeat did not reach London until the arrival of
-Abercrombie’s aide de camp with dispatches Aug. 20, 1758.
-
-A copy of the warrant is as follows:
-
-  George R
-
-  We being desirous to distinguish Our Forty Second Regiment of
-  Foot with some mark of Our Royal favor, Our Will and Pleasure
-  therefore is, and we do hereby direct, that from henceforth Our
-  said regiment be called, and distinguished by the title and name
-  of Our Forty-Second, or Royal Highland Regiment of Foot, in all
-  commissions, orders, and writings, that shall hereafter be made
-  out, or issued for and concerning the said regiment. Given at Our
-  Court at Kensington this 22nd day of July 1758, in the thirty
-  second year of Our reign. By His Majesty’s command.
-
-      (Signed) BARRINGTON.
-
-
-The vacancies occasioned in the 42nd were filled up in regular
-succession and the seven companies which had been ordered at the
-same time as the change of title were immediately recruited. These
-were completed in three months and embodied at Perth, October
-1758, each company being 120 men strong, all with few exceptions
-Highlanders and hardy and temperate in their habits. (Lord John
-Murray’s orders were preemptory that none but Highlanders be taken,
-but a few O’Donnels, O’Lachlans and O’Briens passed muster as
-MacDonnels, MacLachlans and MacBriars.)
-
-These seven companies with the three additional companies raised in
-1757 were formed into a Second Battalion. The officers appointed
-to the seven new companies were Robert Anstruther, who was senior
-captain and served as Major, Francis MacLean, Alexander Sinclair,
-John Stewart of Stenton, William Murray of Lintrose, Archibald
-Campbell, Alexander Reid, and Robert Arbuthnot, to be captains;
-Alexander MacLean, George Grant, George Sinclair, Gordon Clunes,
-Adam Stewart, John Robertson, son of Lude, John Grant, James
-Fraser, George Leslie, John Campbell, Alexander Stewart, Duncan
-Richardson and Robert Robertson, to be lieutenants and Patrick
-Sinclair, John Macintosh, James MacDuff, Thomas Fletcher, Alexander
-Donaldson, William MacLean, and William Brown, to be ensigns.
-
-The seven new companies embarked for the West Indies where they
-joined with the Old Buffs, Kings, 6th, 63rd, 64th, 800 marines and
-a detachment of artillery amounting in all to 5,560 men under the
-command of Major Generals Hopson and Barrington and of Brigadier
-Generals Haldane, Armiger, Trapaud and Clavering, in an exposition
-against Martinique and Gaudaloupe. This resulted in the capture of
-Gaudaloupe but was not altogether a success and a great many men
-were lost by fever and sickness. Of the Royal Highlanders Ensign
-MacLean was killed, Lieutenants MacLean, Leslie, Sinclair and
-Robertson were wounded, and Major Anstruther and Captain Arbuthnot
-died of the fever. One hundred and six privates were killed,
-wounded or died of disease.
-
-This was a severe initiation for the new recruits who had been
-herding sheep on their native hills nine months before, but as has
-always been the case with the Black Watch they acquitted themselves
-with distinction. The seven companies were then embarked for New
-York to join the First Battalion where they arrived in July. They
-just missed being at the capture of Ticonderoga. Major Gordon
-Graham was ordered at the end of July by General Amherst then at
-Crown Point to take command of the seven companies and to march
-them up to Oswego. In August they were ordered to join the First
-Battalion, Capt. Stewart with 150 men being left at Oswego and the
-First and Second Battalions, now united, served together for the
-rest of the campaign.
-
-We will now return to the Veterans of the previous year. After
-wintering in New York (or on Long Island, as another authority
-states) the old Black Watch now the first Battalion of the Royal
-Highlanders, recruited again to its full strength and the three
-additional companies now a part of the Second Battalion, joined
-Amherst at Fort Edward in June, 1759.[33] Col. Grant of the 42nd
-with the Royal Highlanders and light infantry of the army moved
-forward to Lake George the 20th and the main part of the army
-followed on the 21st. For five years now Lake George had been the
-annual mustering place of armies.
-
-The campaign this season comprehended three very important
-enterprises--Wolfe was to attack Quebec from Lower Canada, Prideaux
-was to proceed against Niagara, and Amherst, now Commander in Chief
-and successor of General Abercrombie, was to drive the French from
-Lake Champlain and if possible join Wolfe on the St. Lawrence.
-
-The army under Amherst consisted of the Royals, 17th, 27th, Royal
-Highlanders, two battalions of the 55th, Montgomery’s Highlanders,
-nine battalions of Provincials, and a battalion of light infantry
-and a body of Rangers and Indians with a detachment of artillery.
-When joined by the 2d battalion of the Royal Americans from the
-West Indies, this army amounted to 14,500 men.
-
-Major Alexander Campbell of the 77th writes from Fort Edward, June
-19th, 1759:
-
-  “Our General is beloved by his soldiers, Honoured and Esteem’d
-  by his officers, Carful of mens lives and healths, in short he
-  is the man I would choose to serve under of any I know in the
-  service. Our Regiment are healthy and in High spirits as are the
-  whole army, and I hope we soon will stricke a stroke that will
-  bring credite and Glory to our General and Army and Satisfaction
-  to our Country and friends.”
-
-Amherst never remained long in one place without building a fort.
-Fortified places were built at intervals of three or four miles
-along the road to Fort Edward and especially at the station called
-Halfway Brook, while for the whole distance a broad belt of wood on
-both sides was cut down and burned to deprive a skulking enemy of
-cover. At Lake George he started a fort, now called Fort George,
-the ruins of which are in the Lake George Battle Ground Park of
-which this Association is custodian.
-
-July 21st, 1759, Lake George again witnessed a military pageant as
-the army embarked for its second attack on Fort Ticonderoga. At
-daylight they landed, beat back a French detachment and marched
-by the portage road to the sawmill. There was little resistance
-and the army marched to the former line of entrenchments which had
-proved so fatal to Abercrombie. These had been reconstructed partly
-of earth and partly of logs, and as the French made no attempt at
-their defence the English encamped along their front and found them
-excellent shelter from the cannon of the fort. It is the general
-impression that the French retreated with only faint resistance and
-that there was hardly a shot fired at the second attempt to capture
-Fort Carrillon but the following letter from Capt. Murray would
-correct this impression:
-
-      “Camp at the Lines of Burning Theanderoga, 27 July, 1758.
-
-  My Dear Brother:--I write you these few lines to acquaint you
-  that I am in perfect good health and that the army landed at this
-  end of the lake the 22nd, invested the Fort the 23rd and was
-  very buisy carying on the worcks till the 26th in the night, at
-  which time we had three batteries ready to open, when the enemy
-  abbandoned and set fire to the fort. During the time that the
-  enemy remained they could not keep a hotter fire, for I dare say
-  that fired ten thousand cannon shott and five hundred bombs and I
-  don’t believe there has been forty men killed and wounded during
-  that hott fire, altho’ all the Bombs fell in different parts
-  among us and that we were nigh point blank of the cannon shott
-  but the line that had been of so much hurt to us last year saved
-  our men this.
-
-      Your most afft. Brother, James Murray.”
-
-I also add Amherst’s report to Governor James DeLancey:
-
-      Camp at Ticonderoga 27th July 1759.[34]
-
-  Sir:--
-
-  On Saturday morning last I embarked with the army at Lake George,
-  the next day landed without opposition and proceeded to the saw
-  mills, and took post on the commanding grounds, meeting only a
-  trifling opposition from the enemy. We lay on our arms all night
-  and early on the 23rd we continued our march to the ground which
-  I took possession of in the forenoon, the enemy having abandoned
-  the lines without destroying them, first having carried off
-  their effects as well as sent away the greatest part of their
-  troops. As soon as I was set down before the place and after
-  having reconnoitered it, I ordered the trenches to be opened
-  and batteries to be made, which were finished last night, and
-  were to have opened at break of day, but the enemy did not think
-  proper to wait till then, having about ten of the clock yesterday
-  evening blown up a part of the Fort, and made their escape all
-  to about 20 deserters. Our loss considering the fire we sustained
-  is inconsiderable. We have only two officers killed, vis. Colonel
-  Townshend, Deputy Adjutant General and Ensign Harrison of late
-  Forbe’s.
-
-Bourlamaque had on receipt of orders from Vaudreuil retired down
-Lake Champlain leaving four hundred men under Hebecourt to defend
-the fort as long as possible and then to abandon Ticonderoga and
-later when pressed Crown Point and to retreat to Isle-oux-Noix at
-the outlet of Lake Champlain, where defense was to be made to the
-last extremity. When the English battery was ready to open fire
-Hebecourt saw that further resistance was useless and lighting a
-slow match to the magazine the French escaped down the lake in
-their boats and a few hours later an explosion which hurled one
-bastion of old Fort Carrillon skyward shook the promontory. Thus
-did French Carillon become English Ticonderoga and “Ticonderoga
-1758-9” should be among the battle honors to be borne on the colors
-of the Black Watch. It is true that these honorary distinctions are
-awarded by the King only in case of victory but Ticonderoga 1758-9
-would certainly be as much a victory as “South Africa 1899-1902,”
-which has been granted. South Africa was not all victory and the
-Black Watch suffered at Magersfontein as it did at Ticonderoga
-under Abercrombie.
-
-The length of time elapsed since the battle would also be no
-objection to the honor being now granted as it was not until 1910,
-two and one half centuries later that the armies that upheld
-British honor on the Coast of Morocco were authorized to bear
-“Tangier 1662-1680” on their colors and appointments.
-
-[Illustration: Copyright 1930 by William H. Hill, Fort Edward
-
-FORT EDWARD, 1759]
-
-Ticonderoga is the one place on the American continent where Great
-Britain and France, Canada and the United States can all unite on
-one common ground. The Yankees and British can meet here and clasp
-hands over the time when they once fought together and there is
-not even a sectional feeling which detracts from the unanimity.
-The North, South, East and West of the United States all join with
-equal fervor. Each nation had its defeats here at different times
-but each also had its victories. Therefore there is no battle honor
-which could be conferred on any British regiment that would
-please more people of different nations than “Ticonderoga 1758-9.”
-The fact that there is at present in the village of Ticonderoga
-a public library and historical building dedicated to a British
-Regiment, even though this same regiment in its line of duty fought
-against us in a later war, is sufficient proof that we consider
-Ticonderoga of international history and above matters of local
-prejudice.
-
-The rest of the story is soon told. Crown Point was captured and
-the army was to have moved forward to Isle oux-Noix and to the
-St. Lawrence but a succession of storms so delayed operations
-that further active movements were abandoned for the remainder of
-the season. Amherst profiting by the fatal precipitation of his
-predecessor was slow but sure and in this campaign was successful
-in every enterprise that he undertook.
-
-After the capture of Crown Point the army under Amherst was mainly
-employed in building operations on Lake Champlain, Fort Amherst at
-Crown Point and Fort Ticonderoga in place of old Fort Carrillon
-at Ticonderoga. The Black Watch was stationed at Crown Point and
-helped to build Fort Amherst. In November, they went into camp for
-the winter and in his report of “Garrisons and Winter Quarters of
-His Majesty’s forces in North America under the command of His
-Excellency, Major General Amherst, Headquarters at New York, 15
-Dec., 1759” in the Public Record Office, the stations of the Black
-Watch were as follows: 1st Battalion Royal Highland Regiment, 1
-company Halfway Brook, 5 companies Fort Edward, 1 company Fort
-Miller, 1 company Saratoga, 1 company Stillwater and 1 company
-Halfmoon, 2d Battalion Royal Highland Regiment, Albany, one
-Battalion of the Inniskilling (27th Foot) and two companies of the
-Rangers were left at Crown Point, six companies Late Brig. Gen’l
-Forbe’s (17th Foot) at Ticonderoga, and four companies 17th Foot at
-Fort George. The following season (1760) the Black Watch was with
-Amherst at the capture of Montreal which was the end of the French
-domain on the American Continent.
-
-In 1761 the Black Watch with ten regiments embarked for Barbadoes
-there to join an armament against Martinique and Havana. After
-the surrender of Havana, the first battalion of the 42nd and
-Montgomery’s Highlanders embarked for New York which they reached
-in the end of October, 1762. Before leaving Cuba most of the second
-battalion of the 42nd fit for service were consolidated with the
-first, and the remainder shipped to Scotland where they were
-reduced the following year.
-
-The Black Watch was stationed at Albany until the summer of 1763,
-when they, with a detachment of Montgomery’s Highlanders and
-another of the 60th, under command of Col. Henry Boquet were sent
-to the relief of Fort Pitt then besieged by the Indians. The 42nd
-passed the winter at Fort Pitt and during the summer of 1764,
-eight companies were sent with the army of Boquet against the Ohio
-Indians. After subduing the Indians they returned to Fort Pitt,
-January 1765. The regiment remained in Pennsylvania until the month
-of July, 1767, when it embarked at Philadelphia for Ireland. Such
-of the men who preferred to remain in America were permitted to
-join other regiments. These volunteers were so numerous that along
-with those who had been previously sent home disabled and others
-discharged and settled in America, the regiment that returned was
-very small in proportion to that which had left Scotland.
-
-Let us now turn our attention to Major Duncan Campbell as not only
-would no sketch of the Black Watch of Ticonderoga be complete
-without the legend with which his name is associated, but we are
-perhaps more interested in him than any other officer of the
-Regiment of that time because he lies buried in the cemetry midway
-between Hudson Falls (formerly Sandy Hill) and Fort Edward. The
-other officers and men who were killed July 8, 1758, were doubtless
-buried on the field of battle and if the graves were ever marked,
-these marks have long since been destroyed.
-
-[Illustration: AT INVERAWE
-
-Old Inverawe House from the River Awe with Ben Cruachan in the
-background.
-
-View from the West. X marks the window of the Ghost Room.
-
-Bridge over the Awe built by Captain William Piman about 1756.]
-
-No ghost story is more widely known or better authenticated than
-that of Duncan Campbell of Inverawe. It has been made the subject
-of an address before this Association by the late Robert O. Bascom
-at the meeting of July 30, 1901, and has been repeated in many
-forms and in various publications but it will bear still one more
-repetition. The following is taken from Parkman’s “Montcalm and
-Wolfe” and is the story as was told by Dean Stanley and endorsed by
-the family of the hero of the tale:
-
-  “The ancient castle of Inverawe stands by the banks of the Awe,
-  in the midst of the wild and picturesque scenery of the Western
-  Highlands. Late one evening, before the middle of the last
-  century, as the laird, Duncan Campbell, sat alone in the old
-  hall, there was a loud knocking at the gate; and, opening it, he
-  saw a stranger, with torn clothing and kilt besmeared with blood,
-  who in a breathless voice begged for asylum. He went on to say
-  that he had killed a man in a fray, and that the pursuers were
-  at his heels. Campbell promised to shelter him. “Swear on your
-  dirk!”[35] said the stranger; and Campbell swore. He then led
-  him to a secret recess in the depths of the castle. Scarcely was
-  he hidden when again there was a loud knocking at the gate, and
-  two armed men appeared. “Your cousin Donald has been murdered,
-  and we are looking for the murderer!” Campbell, remembering his
-  oath, professed to have no knowledge of the fugitive; and the
-  men went on their way. The laird, in great agitation, lay down
-  to rest in a large dark room where at length he fell asleep.
-  Waking suddenly in bewilderment and terror, he saw the ghost of
-  the murdered Donald standing by his bedside, and heard a hollow
-  voice pronounce the words: “Inverawe! Inverawe! blood has been
-  shed. Shield not the murderer.” In the morning Campbell went to
-  the hiding place of the guilty man and told him that he could
-  harbor him no longer. “You have sworn on your dirk” he replied;
-  and the laird of Inverawe, greatly perplexed and troubled, made a
-  compromise between conflicting duties, promised not to betray his
-  guest, led him to the neighboring mountain (Ben Cruachan) and hid
-  him in a cave.[36]
-
-  In the next night, as he lay tossing in feverish slumbers, the
-  same stern voice awoke him, the ghost of his cousin Donald stood
-  again at his bedside, and again he heard the same appalling
-  words: “Inverawe! Inverawe! blood has been shed. Shield not the
-  murderer!” At break of day he hastened, in strange agitation,
-  to the cave; but it was empty, the stranger had gone. At night,
-  as he strove in vain to sleep, the vision appeared once more,
-  ghastly pale, but less stern of aspect than before. “Farewell,
-  Inverawe!” it said; “Farewell, till we meet at TICONDEROGA!”
-
-  The strange name dwelt in Campbell’s memory. He had joined the
-  Black Watch, or Forty-Second Regiment, then employed in keeping
-  order in the turbulent Highlands. In time he became its major;
-  and, a year or two after the war broke out, he went with it to
-  America. Here, to his horror, he learned that it was ordered to
-  the attack of Ticonderoga. His story was well known among his
-  brother officers. They combined among themselves to disarm his
-  fears; and when they reached the fatal spot they told him on the
-  eve of the battle, “This is not Ticonderoga; we are not there
-  yet; this is Fort George.”[37] But in the morning he came to
-  them with haggard looks. “I have seen him! You have deceived me!
-  He came to my tent last night! This is Ticonderoga! I shall die
-  today!” and his prediction was fulfilled.”
-
-As will be seen by the preceding pages, Inverawe lived nine days
-after the battle and was not even mortally wounded if it had been
-possible in those times to have had antiseptic treatment, but the
-real point of the legend is that he had been warned of Ticonderoga
-when he did not know there was such a place, years before there was
-any prospect of his being sent there and when Ticonderoga was only
-the Indian name for a point of land on a lake in the wilderness of
-a far off continent.
-
-To one interested no place could be more fascinating than old
-Inverawe;[38] everything connected with it breathes of legend
-and romance and naturally this was one of the first places
-visited in our Black Watch pilgrimage last summer. Taynuilt, the
-railroad station nearest Inverawe is a small village across the
-Awe and about a mile away as the crow flies, but to drive to our
-destination, one must follow the road two miles up the River to the
-old bridge which was being built at the time that the Major left
-for the war in America in 1756. The builder was Captain William
-Pitman apparently a good friend of Duncan of Inverawe as he charged
-him with the safe keeping during his absence of his daughter Janet
-and his favorite dog. History does not record what happened to
-the dog but the Captain married the daughter and in time Inverawe
-became her property.
-
-[Illustration: Two Views of Library
-
-Photo by Miss Dorothea E. Seaton, Edinburgh
-
-A Corner of the Ghost Room]
-
-After crossing the Awe the road turns down the north side of the
-River and winds through a magnificent park, some of the trees of
-which must certainly have been there before the Major’s time. This
-is all the more remarkable because with the exception of the parks
-of the private estates, Scotland is nearly a treeless country and
-even the mountains and wild land which with us would be covered
-with forests, have there only grass and heather. Then at the end
-of a delightful four mile drive was old Inverawe house and a most
-cordial and hospitable welcome from its present owner.
-
-The old house has had many additions in the past one hundred and
-fifty years but the entrance hall and the main part of the building
-and particularly the room where Duncan Campbell saw the ghost,
-are still very much as they were in his time. We endeavored to
-learn as much as possible of the family history of the Campbells
-of Inverawe, but like the records of the Black Watch of that time,
-there was in 1910, little left but tradition.
-
-
-_The Campbells of Inverawe_
-
-Twenty years have passed since the account of the Black Watch at
-Ticonderoga as written for the 1910 meeting of the New York State
-Historical Association was published, and while we regret that very
-little can be added, we are pleased to say that few corrections
-have had to be made in the story as then told. It was thought that
-the records of the Regiment of the 18th Century were discovered in
-1913 among the military manuscripts in the Royal United Service
-Institution, but while they purported to be the original records,
-careful examination disclosed that they had been written early in
-the nineteenth century so nothing new was learned of the Regiment
-of the Ticonderoga period. The preceding pages therefore are
-practically unchanged.
-
-The part, however, about the family history of Major Duncan
-Campbell of Inverawe has been entirely rewritten. We are indebted
-for this additional information to the descendants of Alexander,
-a brother of Duncan of Inverawe, to the late Major Sir Duncan
-Campbell of Barcaldine, to the late Captain Douglas Wimberly, and
-others. No one feature of the Black Watch at Ticonderoga has been
-of such general interest as the ghost story of its Major, Duncan
-Campbell of Inverawe, and the straightening out of the family
-puzzle which was such a mystery in 1910 has been a fascinating
-study.
-
-The Major’s memory has been honored recently by two celebrations.
-In 1920 when his bones were moved to the Jane McCrea enclosure,
-just inside the main gate of the Union Cemetery between Hudson
-Falls and Fort Edward, where his ancient tombstone now has the
-protection of a high iron fence, and in 1925 when a monument to
-the Black Watch and its Major was unveiled at Fort Ticonderoga.
-Both occasions were under the auspices of the St. Andrews Society
-of Scots of Glens Falls and vicinity, and the New York State
-Historical Association.
-
-[Illustration: Photo by Miss Dorothea E. Seaton, Edinburgh
-
-OLD INVERAWE HOUSE
-
-Showing Door to Ghost Room from Balcony in Entrance Hall
-
-View from North showing Main Entrance
-
-Entrance Hall (Door to Ghost Room may be seen in upper left hand
-corner)]
-
-Of all the new material which has been found since 1910 none is
-so important or so interesting as the following letter from Major
-Duncan Campbell of Inverawe:
-
-      Albany, 14th March, 1758.
-
-  Dear Sir,
-
-  I received your letter from Inveraw of the 25th November and
-  the first from you since we parted, tho I have been informed by
-  letters that come to hand, of your writing formerly. The State
-  you sent me of my affairs is not very agreeable nor encouraging
-  for me to make a retreat that I had in view, and in a little
-  time I believe might be in my power but I am not disappointed;
-  and notwithstanding I shall do all in my power to assist you. I
-  am sorry that no other scheme of living can be accomplished upon
-  the fund, than the one fixed on; to me it gives uneasiness of
-  minde, tho I’m sensible the consequence may be worse if it is
-  not followed, and therefore bear it with concern. I don’t choose
-  to mention my reasons or enter upon particulars as letters from
-  this part of the world to yours are lyable to inspection and many
-  accidents. I see a separation must be that will expose them to
-  the disrespect and ridicule of many; coud they live together in
-  the way proposed it might prevent much of that but I can’t hope
-  or expect it from what I know.
-
-  As to my advice or directions with regard to any plan you, and my
-  other freinds, to whom I fear I have given much trouble and to
-  whom in any event I shall rekon myself oblig’d there is no sort
-  of use for them, you are best judges, and as I am well satisfied
-  that everything will be don and ordered for the best, I shall
-  be as satisfied with any consequence. I am glade you think of
-  raising nurseries and planting, I sent from this Country to be
-  forwarded by Mr. Gatty from Belfast two Barrels of the different
-  kindes of Timber tree seeds &c. but I doubt they will be too
-  late excepting the Pines which seed will do when two year old.
-
-  Your letter came a few days ago by an advice Ship of War,
-  which superceeded My Lord Loudoun in the Command and General
-  Abercrombie appointed in his place, with many other changes
-  and promotions in our Military affairs in this Continent, how
-  far they may change our Luck I shall not pretend to judge, but
-  we have need of some sort of medicine for that end. We have a
-  prospect of a very warm and vigorous campaign, and I hope it
-  will be successful. Our Regiment is appointed for the Lewisburgh
-  Expedition, but as we are so far up in the Country where the
-  Generall is to have his department and opperations it is yet
-  uncertain but he may keep us with him; we are all in very good
-  health and compleat for service.
-
-  I cannot yet know what remittance I can make for this year,
-  some I will and shall, sometime before we take the field or the
-  midle of May. To prevent a relaps of my last years companion I
-  travelled to the Southard during the severity of the winter to N.
-  York and Philadelfia &c. which have had the desyrd effect and I’m
-  now as chois as ever, but it will not enlarge the remittance.
-
-  I have had no letter from Sandy Campbell since Aprile last,
-  Nor from Jesie since July, I received one from Mr. Richardson
-  with yours which I shall answer by next Pacquett and tell him
-  so with my compliments. Lykways please tell Peter Campbell that
-  his letter came at the same time, and that as Adam Fisher is
-  here I had are opportunity of enquiring about his son who is at
-  present out as master, not Capt. of a Privateer there was no such
-  prizes or Fortoune as Peter believed what may be now I know not
-  but there is no great prospect of it. This is the only letter I
-  write by the first Pacquett, so that you may communicate it to my
-  friends as a proof of my being well and youll in the same course
-  make my compliments to them all.
-
-  I’m sorry that Captain Campbell should make objections to the
-  payment of his Bill; he brought me 3 * * * for which I cleared
-  him all his charge and gav * * * at that time 20 guineas over for
-  his own trouble * * * expense this he knows and will appear by
-  my * * * which you can see; * * * this indeed I thought suitable
-  any expense he coud incur in Mull and that it * * * my power to
-  give him or not the raising of an * * * rather than have any
-  difference about it let h * * * what I had allowed me by the
-  Regiment which was £3 per man for the first two years and two
-  guineas for the remaining years that at a medium or the full as
-  you please but I hope he’ll allow interest upon what Ballance
-  may be due by him upon such an amot from the time it fell due
-  April 46 when he went to the Regt.
-
-      I am,
-      My dear Sir,
-      Your affect, humble servant.
-      Dun. Campbell.
-
-  To
-
-  John Campbell of Cloichombie Esqr.
-  Inveraray,
-  North Brittain.
-
-  (edge of letter torn off--hence gaps) (J.F.C.)
-
-The letter bears the Inverawe arms on seal and is endorsed,
-probably by the addressee “14th March 1758, from Inveraw concerning
-his familie and affairs and Lieut. Collonel Dugd. Campbell’s Bill.”
-
-This letter will bear reading and re-reading. The first and to the
-writer the most important part of the letter was some financial
-and family problem. Unfortunately his guarded and cryptic message
-caused by the fear that the letter might be opened by another than
-the addressee will perhaps leave it always an unsolved mystery. It
-would be interesting to know what success attended the planting
-of the two barrels of timber seed. His guess that the Black
-Watch might be used in the Ticonderoga campaign rather than the
-Lewisburgh as planned, proved correct. It would be interesting
-to know what the malady of the previous winter was, to prevent a
-relapse of which it had been necessary to travel to the Southard.
-The letter closes with another financial problem. If he means that
-he was allowed ten or fifteen dollars per man for the thousand men
-in the Regiment, that would be a very sizable income for those days
-and the bill must have been a large one. The allowance, however,
-might have been for recruits secured or some other regimental
-activity. But aside from the interesting contents of this letter
-its real value is that it gives an opportunity to learn something
-of the character of its writer. One can read between the lines that
-Duncan of Inverawe was a reserved man of a strong but a quiet,
-kindly nature, he would suffer loss himself rather than make
-trouble for others, and after having done his best was willing to
-take whatever came without complaint. It quite matches the Inverawe
-of the ghost story who promised to protect a fugitive and then
-stood by his oath even though the refugee was the murderer of
-his cousin. The reader of this letter can not help but feel drawn
-towards its writer.
-
-[Illustration: The Black Watch of Canada at the dedication of the
-Black Watch Memorial Tablet July 8, 1925, the inscription of which
-reads:
-
-  A. D. 1925. The Saint Andrews Society of Glens Falls, N. Y.,
-  erected this tablet to commemorate the heroic gallantry of the
-  42nd Regiment of Foot, better known as “The Royal Highlanders” or
-  “THE BLACK WATCH” who on July 8, 1758, lost here in killed and
-  wounded over six hundred of the thousand men engaged. Mortally
-  wounded on that day was their Major, DUNCAN CAMPBELL OF INVERAWE,
-  the hero of one of the most noted ghost stories of Scottish
-  history and of Robert Louis Stevenson’s poem, “Ticonderoga.”]
-
-Now what was the immediate family and what was the background of
-our hero. One version of the ghost story was that he made his will
-the night before the battle, but no sensible man waits until death
-is at the door for this very important transaction and we find the
-following in Vol. XV, Abstract of Entry in Sheriff Court Books of
-Argyll at Inveraray.
-
-  “Disposition by Major Duncan Campbell of Inverawe to Lieut.
-  Dugald Campbell, his eldest son procreated between him and Mrs.
-  Jean Campbell, his wife, whom, failing, to Lieut. Alexander
-  Campbell, his second son, whom failing, Duncan Campbell, his
-  third and youngest son, whom failing, to any other sons he may
-  lawfully have, and the heirs male of their bodies in succession,
-  whom failing, to Janet Campbell, his only daughter now in life
-  procreated between him and the said Mrs. Jean Campbell, of his
-  whole lands and estate of Inverawe and others, under certain
-  reservations; dated at Glasgow 17th April, 1756; witnesses, John
-  Campbell of Cloichombie, Alexander Campbell in Achalion, and
-  others.”
-
-This establishes Inverawe’s family and we will see what became of
-them. Dugald was appointed 2nd Lieutenant in the 21st or Royal
-North British Fuziliers, December 28, 1755, joined his Regiment at
-Gibraltar in 1756, died and was succeeded by John Wallace, March
-1st, 1758.
-
-Alexander was appointed Lieutenant in the Black Watch Jan. 28,
-1756, was wounded at Ticonderoga and invalided to Glasgow where he
-was promoted to a Captaincy in the Argyllshire Regiment of Fencible
-men, July 21, 1759, died unmarried Feb. 8, 1760 and was buried in
-Grey Friers Burying Ground. A powder horn said to have belonged
-to Lt. Alexander and bearing the coat-of-arms of the Campbells of
-Inverawe is at the McCord Museum of McGill University in Montreal.
-
-Duncan, third son of Inverawe, is still a mystery but the fact that
-Janet was proven heir to Inverawe February 5, 1762 would seem to
-show that he had died without issue before that date.
-
-Major Duncan, born Nov. 22, 1702, married March 20, 1732 Jean,
-daughter of Col. Alexander Campbell of Finab. She died at
-Edinburgh August 20, 1761. When Janet succeeded to Inverawe in
-1762 therefore her father, her mother and three brothers had all
-predeceased her--a tragic mortality in six short years. There is
-a family tradition that Major Duncan mortgaged Inverawe to his
-brother-in-law, Col. Robert Campbell of Finab and Monzie and that
-according to old Scottish law the property was handed over to
-the man who advanced the money until the rental had paid off the
-debt, and that this arrangement was called a wadset. Whether Col.
-Campbell of Finab and Monzie acquired the property by wadset or
-purchase, it passed into his hands soon after Janet proved her
-title and it is said that when she left the estate she washed her
-hands in a bottle of wine at the border, which we were told was an
-old Highland custom. The owner of Inverawe in 1910 was a descendant
-of Col. Robert Campbell of Finab and Monzie, a Mrs. Campbell of
-Dunstaffnage. Since then we are informed it was purchased by the
-late Mr. James Currie and is now for sale to settle his estate.
-
-Janet who married Capt. William Pitman, had only one daughter,
-Susan, who died unmarried. So with her the descendants of Major
-Duncan Campbell of Inverawe are at an end.
-
-There is a very interesting tale about an Inverawe cup. It seems
-that in 1714 the three brothers, Archibald of Inverawe, Dugald of
-Shirvan, and Alexander of Kilmartin, each got a silver cup. The
-Kilmartins always kept their cup but both those of Inverawe and
-Shirvan were lost. This was such a grief to the Inverawes that
-the fact was often mentioned. On one occasion a friend who had
-heard of this cup was hunting in Ireland and stopped at a wretched
-little inn to get a drink for himself and his horse. The place was
-so disreputable looking that he would not go in but had his drink
-brought out to him. It came in a battered old metal cup and on the
-chance that it might be of value, he bought it from the landlord.
-To his great pleasure he found on having it cleaned that it was the
-long lost Inverawe cup. He had an inscription put on it, recording
-the finding, and sent it to Archibald Campbell of Blackhouse, a
-nephew of Major Duncan, and the representative at that time of
-the Inverawe family. The cup is still a treasured possession of
-the descendants of this Archibald, the Campbells of Arduaine,
-Lochgilphead.
-
-[Illustration: --From “Auchindarroch Miscellany”
-
-THE INVERAWE CUP]
-
-The will of the Archibald of Inverawe of the Silver Cup and father
-of Major Duncan Campbell, is as follows:
-
-  “1727, February 23rd--Disposition by Archibald Campbell of
-  Inveraw to Duncan Campbell, his eldest lawful son, and the heirs
-  male of his body, whom failing, to Dugall Campbell, his second
-  lawful son, and his heirs male, whom failing, Lachlan Campbell,
-  his third son, and Alexander Campbell, his fourth son, whom all
-  failing, the heirs of the Granter and Janet McLean, his spouse,
-  whom failing, his heirs of any other marriage of his lands of
-  Inveraw, Drumchoise, Dalneass, etc., with certain exceptions,
-  including a life rent right granted by the deceased Archibald
-  Campbell of Inveraw to Lilias Campbell, his spouse, now spouse
-  to Angus Campbell of Dunstagnage; dated at Inveraw 14th February
-  1722.”
-
-Another interesting fact in the Inverawe annals is that Dugald
-Campbell of London in the parish of Saint Martin’s, Westminster,
-and County of Middlesex, by his will bearing date the 2nd day of
-June 1718, gave to old decayed men and young women of Campbell of
-Inverawe’s family, the sum of £300, and that this “Inverawe Annuity
-Fund” since augmented, is still administered by Trustees chosen
-from the Inverawe heirs.
-
-The present known Campbells who are proud to claim that they are of
-the Clan Inverawe are descended from Alexander, brother of Duncan,
-the fourth son of Archibald, as named in the foregoing will.
-Alexander was born in 1710 and married Ann Somerville in 1747. If
-all of the descendants of this union have been of as fine, high
-character as those whom we have been privileged to meet, the world
-has indeed been richer for the Campbells of Inverawe.
-
-
-_Family Tree of The Campbells of Inverawe_
-
-The family does not seem to be entirely in agreement on the line
-back of the 18th Century. The following is gathered from different
-branches. One version is that the Inverawes descended from Sir
-Archibald Campbell of Lochow, whose son Colin was knighted by
-Alexander III, 1280, and died 1294. His son, Niel or Nigel of
-Lochow, died 1360, and _his_ son, Dugald or Duncan was the 1st
-“Inverawe” and ancestor of the Clan Dhonnachie Campbells. He got a
-grant of the estate of Inveraw and Cruachan from David II, 1330.
-A later Inveraw got a grant of lands from Queen Mary, 1558. With
-the exception of a gap of about 60 years from 1460 or so to 1510,
-we have a complete record of “Inveraws” practically an unbroken
-succession from father to son.
-
-Another version is the following:
-
-  Archibald, c/v from 1st Earl of Argyll
-
-  Dougal, c/v 22.11.1485, from 2nd Earl. Sasine Des. 1486. Officer
-  of Over Lochow to the Earl. (Inverawe deeds)
-
-  Archibald, signs Archibald McCoul McConachie of Inverawe 1519,
-  (Thanes of Cawdor), c/v from 2nd Earl as heir to Dugal (Inverawe
-  deeds) married Margaret Campbell.
-
-  Dougal, (Inverawe 1548-1562). (Register of Decreets and Acts)
-  said to have married a dau. of Lochnell.
-
-  Archibald, (1562-1567 or 1576) married Margaret C. dau. of Dougal
-  C. of Ardcullour, sister of Sir James C. VIth of Ardkinklas. (A.
-  Charters)
-
-  Dougal, (1576 or 1567-1583) married Christian Carswell, dau. (or
-  granddaughter) of Bishop Carswell. Relict of Dougal 1587. She
-  afterward married Neill Campbell, Bishop of Lismore.
-
-  Archibald, (1583-1650)
-
-  Dougal, (1650-1674), burned “Bonnie House of Airlie” 1640.
-  married 1st, Agnes, dau. of Sir Robert C. of Glenarguhy
-  (Braedalbane) 2nd, Janet, dau. of Rory McNeill of Barra.
-
-  Archibald, (1674-1705), son of Dougal and Agnes. Married 1st,
-  Mary, dau. of Hector McNeill of Thayneis. 2nd, Lilias, dau. of
-  Sir James C. of Lawers.
-
-  Archibald, (1705-1730) married Janet McLean of Torloisk. Served
-  heir to Cattinis 1700, later Inverawe, etc. Received Inverawe cup
-  1714.
-
-  Duncan (1730-1758), Major Black Watch, married Jane Campbell of
-  Finab.
-
-
-        ARCHIBALD OF INVERAWE
-            b. abt. 1670. got cup 1714. d. 1730.
-            m. Janet Maclean of Tarloisk, in Mull, abt. 1700.
-                |
-          +-----+----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+--------+
-          |                |           |           |             |        |
-  Duncan of Inveraw     Barbara     Archibald    Dugald      Alexander    |
-  Maj. Black Watch      b. 1703     b. 1705      b. 1706     b. 1710      |
-  b. 1702. d. 1758      Campbell    d. before    no issue    m. 1747      |
-  m. Jean Campbell      m. Archd.   1721                  Ann Somerville  |
-  of Finab              of Jura                                  |        |
-         |                                                       |        |
-    +----+-----+------------+-------+                            |        |
-    |          |            |       |                            |        |
-  Dugald   Alexander     Duncan   Janet                          |        |
-  Lieut.   b. abt. 1705  Lieut.   m. Wm. Pitman, M. D. 33d       |        |
-  d. unm.  Lieut. Black  d. unm.  Regt. (Duke of Cumberland’s    |        |
-           Watch. d. of           army.) Sold Inveraw 1762 to    |        |
-           wounds rec’d           her uncle, Col. Robt. Campbell |        |
-           Ticonderoga.           of Monzie and Finab. One dau.  |        |
-           Unm.                   Susan, d. unm.                 |        |
-                                                                 |        |
-    +---------+-------+----------------+---------+---------+-----+        |
-    |         |       |                |         |         |              |
-  Jean       John  Archibald          Ann     Alexander  Duncan           |
-  m. Duncan        of Blackhouse      d. unm.            b. 1763 d. 1815  |
-  Campbell         m. Katherine Fish                     m. 1798 Harriot  |
-  Achlian             |  1817                            Young, b. 1774.  |
-                      |                                     |             |
-                      |                                     |             |
-                   Alexander of Auchindarock                |             |
-                   Pur’d 1829. Trustee sold             See next page     |
-                   Tirvine to James A. C. 1830.                           |
-                   3rd Dragoon Guards, d. July 1902.                      |
-                   m. Harriet Keir, dau. Sir James Keir.                  |
-                      |                                                   |
-     +----------+-----+-------+---------------+-----------+--------+      |
-     |          |     |       |               |           |        |      |
-  Archibald   Julia  Mary  Alister          James       Walter   Neil     |
-  b. 1842                  b. 1846. Killed  Arthur      b. 1854  b. 1858  |
-  d. Aug. 1885             Sakokunis Krael  b. 1850              m. M. G. |
-  74th Highlanders         1879. (Schipka   d. Nov. 1929         Bovill   |
-  m. Isabella C., dau.     pass Campbell)   m. Miss E. M.                 |
-  Col. Fairlie of                           Bruce                         |
-  Coodham A.                                   |                          |
-       |                                  Arduaine family                 |
-       |                                                                  |
-       +------------------+--------------+------------+------------+      |
-       |                  |              |            |            |      |
-  Alister Magnus     Roma Constance  Archibald     Zella Muriel  Donald   |
-  of Auchindarroch        1870       b. 1878       b. 1880       b. 1881  |
-  b. 1868. d. Aug. 1930              m. Eva, dau.  m. Robertson  d. 1886  |
-  m. 1st, Lilias Mary 1897           Col. Agnew    Glasgow                |
-  dau. Robt. Roberston of            East                                 |
-  Mountgrenan, Glasgow               Warristoone      +-------------------+
-     |                                                |
-     +----------------------+                         |--Lachlan b. 1709
-     |                      |                         |  d. young
-  Alister Norman         Colin C.                     |
-  b. 1898                                             |--Isobel b. 1711
-  m. 2nd Evelyn Sanderson                             |
-  1903, Edinburgh                                     |--Elizabeth b. 1713
-         |                                            |
-         +-----------+-----------------+              |--Patrick b. 1714
-         |           |                 |              |
-    Amy Muriel  Neil Arch’d        Alan Keir          |--Lilias b. 1716
-    1905        b. 1906, d. 1907   b. 1908            |
-                                                      |--Ann b. 1717
-                                                      |
-                                                      +--John b. 1719
-
-
-  DUNCAN (son of Alexander who was brother of Duncan of Inveraw)
-  b. 1763 d. 1815 m. 1798 Harriot Young, b. 1774
-                        |
-      +----------+------+---+---------+--------+--------------+----------+
-      |          |      |   |         |        |              |          |
-  Henrietta  Alexander  |  Ann      Duncan   Jane       James Archibald  |
-  b. 1800    b. 1801    |  Eliza    b. 1805  b. 1806    b. 1807, d. 1879 |
-  m. Rev.               |  b. 1803  d. at    m. Sir     m. 1st 1832      |
-  Bracken           Robert          Eton     Alex       Jane Augusta     |
-     |              b. 1802                  Spearman.  Pocklington      |
-     |                                           |      d. 1842          |
-  Henrietta Eliza                                |      m. 2nd Maria     |
-  d. unm.                                        |      Grace Cameron    |
-                                                 |      d. 1906          |
-          +----+----+------+----+-----+-----+----+           |           |
-          |    |    |      |    |     |     |                |           |
-         Jane  |  Augusta  |  Edmund  |   Rudolph       (see next page)  |
-               |           |          |                                  |
-            Henrietta    Alex.      Horace                               |
-                                                    +-------------+------+
-                                                    |             |
-                                               Thos. Edmund    Augustus
-                                               b. 1809       b. 1811
-                                               m. Henrietta  d. young in
-                                               du Chesne     snow storm
-                                               St. Hilaire   in Alps.
-                                               Canada
-                                                 |
-    +----------+------+----+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
-    |          |      |    |      |       |      |       |       |
-  Edmund   Archibald  |  Bruce  Laura  Robert  Duncan  Donald  Colin
-  b. 1843   d. 1899   |         Hermione         |             m. Mabel
-  m. Nellie        Jucherau     d.               |             G. Allen
-  Lind                                           |                |
-    |                           +-------+--------+-------+        |
-    |                           |       |        |       |        |
-    |                          Duncan  Archie  Charles  Lola      |
-    +------+------+-----+      killed                             |
-    |      |      |     |      in war                 +-------+---+---+
-  Edmund  Bruce   Hugh  Etta                          |       |       |
-          killed                                     Enid   Phoebe  Colin
-          in war                                                    d.
-
-
-  JAMES ARCHIBALD (son of Duncan, son of Alexander
-  bro. of Duncan of Inveraw).
-  b. 1807 d. 1879
-  m. 1st 1832 Jane Augusta Pocklington, d. 1842
-                      |
-                      |
-      +-------------+-----------+----------+-----------+---------+
-      |             |           |          |           |         |
-  Jane Eliza      Laura      Duncan  Edmund Alex’r  Florence   Lorne
-  b. 1833         Beatrice Pocklington  d. 1887     Elizabeth  Augustus
-  d. 1924         b. 1834    d. unm.   m. Margaret  d. unm.    b. 1842
-  m. Rev. Walter  d. 1917               Campbell               d. 1893
-  Tait. Min. of   unm.                   d. 1909               m. 1875
-  St. Madoes,                               |                  Cecilia
-  Perthshire                                |                  Martin
-  b. 1836 d. 1905                           |                  d. 1898
-         |                                  |                      |
-         |                                  |                      +------+
-         |             +-------+-------+----+--+--------+--------+        |
-         |             |       |       |       |        |        |        |
-     +--------+      Marie   Duncan  Edmund  Lorne    Ronald   James      |
-     |        |      Grace   McIver  Alex’r  Francis  Bruce    Arch’d     |
-  J. H. M.  Adam     m. 1904                 d.       m. 1911  m. Bessie  |
-  (Minna)   Duncan   Louis Carey                      May      Anderson   |
-           m. 1901            |                       Brockman    |       |
-           Evelyn Heath       |                          |        |       |
-              |               |                 +--------+        |       |
-      +-------+--+        Estella Grace         |        |        |       |
-      |          |        and Patricia        Bruce    Neill      |       |
-  Barbara     Ian Ford                        b. 1912  b. 1924    |       |
-  Jean        Duncan                                              |       |
-              b. 1904                        +----------+---------+       |
-                                             |          |         |       |
-                                           John      Francis   Patrick    |
-                                           Anderson                       |
-                                                                          |
-                                    +----------+-----------+---------+----+
-                                    |          |           |         |
-                                  Ethel    Frederick  Cecil Audrey  Ian
-                                  m. 1897             d. 1918
-                                  Chas.               O. A. S.
-                                  Desborough
-                                    |
-                             +------+-------+
-                             |      |       |
-                            Jan   Joyce   Peter
-
-
-  James Archibald (b. 1807, d. 1879)
-  m. 2nd Maria Grace Cameron, d. 1906
-       |
-       |
-    +--+-----+---------+--------+----------+------------+-----------+-----+
-    |        |         |        |          |            |           |     |
-  Grace   Donald   Henrietta  James       Maria       Lilias      Mabel   |
-  m. Dr.  Charles  d. 1860   Archibald   Josephine   MacDonald   Harriott |
-  Neill   d. 1923                        m. 1887                 m. 1887  |
-    |                                    d. 1888             Hugh Daubney |
-    |                                    Rev. Reginald         Lieut. RN  |
-   John                                  Letts                 d. 1914    |
-    m.                                     |                       |      |
-                                           |                       |      |
-                               Christian Francis    +-------+------+      |
-                                 b. 1888            |       |      |      |
-                                                 Gladys  Marjory  Hugh    |
-                                                 M. W. L.        b. 1900  |
-                                                 Mellersh                 |
-                                                    |                     |
-                                      +------+------+                     |
-                                      |      |      |                     |
-                                    Mary   John   Veronica                |
-                                                                          |
-                                                    +-------------+-------+
-                                                    |             |
-                                                Dugal John     Evan Cameron
-                                                 m.           m. Marie
-
-
-
-
-APPENDIX
-
-
-A
-
-ROLL FROM AN OLD PAPER IN POSSESSION OF THE 7TH DUKE OF ATHOLL.
-OFFICERS OF THE 42ND HIGHLANDERS, NEW YORK, MAY 22, 1757.
-
-  Lt. Col. Francis Grant, son of the Laird of Grant, wounded at
-  Ticonderoga.
-
-  Major Duncan Campbell, of Inverawe, killed at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Captain Gordon Graham, of Drainie, wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Captain John Reid, of Straloch, wounded at Martinique.
-
-  Captain John NcNeil.
-
-  Captain Allan Campbell, son of Barcaldine.
-
-  Captain Thomas Graeme, of Duchray, wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Captain James Abercrombie.
-
-  Captain John Campbell, of Strachur, wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Captain John Campbell, of Duneavis, killed at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant William Grant, of Rothiemurchus family, wounded at
-  Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant Robert Gray, wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant John Campbell, younger of Glenyon, wounded at
-  Ticonderoga.[39]
-
-  Lieutenant George Farquharson, son of Farquharson of Micris,
-  Braemar, killed at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant Sir James Cockburn.[40]
-
-  Lieutenant Kenneth Tolmie.
-
-  Lieutenant James Grant (Adjutant), wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant John Graham (quartermaster) wounded at Ticonderoga and
-  wounded at Fort Pitt.
-
-  Lieutenant Hugh McPherson, killed at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant Alex. Turnbull, of Strathcavers, wounded at Martinique.
-
-  Lieutenant Alex. Campbell, son of Inverawe, wounded at
-  Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant Alex. McIntosh, wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant James Gray.
-
-  Lieutenant William Baillie, killed at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant Hugh Arnot.
-
-  Lieutenant John Sutherland, killed at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant John Small.
-
-  Lieutenant Archibald Campbell.
-
-  Lieutenant James Campbell.
-
-  Lieutenant Archibald Lamont.
-
-  Ensign Duncan Campbell, wounded at Fort Pitt.
-
-  Ensign Patrick Balneavis,[41] son of Edradour, wounded at
-  Ticonderoga, wounded at Martinique.
-
-  Ensign Patrick Stewart,[42] son of Bonskeid, killed at
-  Ticonderoga.
-
-  Ensign Norman MacLeod.
-
-  Ensign George Campbell.
-
-  Ensign Donald Campbell.
-
-  Ensign James McIntosh, wounded at Fort Pitt.
-
-  Ensign Alex. McIntosh, wounded at Martinique.
-
-  Ensign Peter Grant, wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Three additional Companies embarked for America, November, 1757.
-
-  Captain James Stewart, younger of Urrard, wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Captain James Murray, son of Lord G. Murray, wounded at
-  Ticonderoga, wounded at Martinique.
-
-  Captain Thomas Stirling, younger of Ardoch, wounded at
-  Martinique, wounded at New Jersey.
-
-  Lieutenant Simon Blair.
-
-  Lieutenant David Barclay, killed at Martinique.
-
-  Lieutenant Archibald Campbell, wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Lieutenant Alex. Mackay.
-
-  Lieutenant Alex. Menzies.
-
-  Lieutenant David Milne,[43] wounded at Ticonderoga, wounded at
-  Martinique.
-
-  Ensign Duncan Stewart, son of Derculich.
-
-  Ensign George Rattray, son of Dalralzion, killed at Ticonderoga.
-
-  Ensign Alex. Farquharson.
-
-      Ensign John Smith is added in ink to the 1858 Army List in
-      the N. Y. State Library at Albany and is also marked as
-      “wounded at Ticonderoga.”
-
-[Illustration: Blair Castle at Blair Atholl
-
-Reviewing the Atholl Highlanders
-
-Sir John James Hugh Henry Stewart-Murray, K. T., Seventh Duke of
-Atholl]
-
-
-B
-
-ROLL OF CAPT. JOHN REID’S COMPANY, NOV. 1757.
-
-The following is the roll of Capt. John Reid’s Company of the 42nd,
-which was commanded by Capt. James Murray during the expedition.
-Taken from Atholl Records, page 440, Vol. III.
-
-  Capt. James Murray, wounded.
-  Lieut. Kenneth Tolmie.
-  Lieut. David Mill, wounded.
-  Ensign Charles Menzies.
-  Sergt. James McNab.
-  Sergt. John McAndrews.
-  Sergt. John Watson.
-  Sergt. Alex’r Cumming.
-  Corporal John Cumming.
-  Corporal Jonathan Grant.
-  Corporal Angus McDonald.
-  Corporal John Stewart.
-  Drum Walter McIntyre, killed.
-  Drum Alan Campbell.
-
-
-_Privates_
-
-  Wm. Anderson.
-  John Buchanan, killed.
-  Angus Cameron.
-  Hugh Cameron, killed.
-  Wm. Carmichael.
-  Donald Carr, killed.
-  Hugh Christie.
-  Alex. Cumming.
-  James Farquharson, killed.
-  Alex Fraser.
-  Donald Fraser.
-  Donald Fraser.
-  Hugh Fraser.
-  Hugh Fraser, killed.
-  John Forbes.
-  John Graham.
-  Donald Grant.
-  James Grant.
-  John Grant.
-  John Grant.
-  William Grant.
-  James Gordon.
-  William Gordon.
-  Donald Kennedy.
-  Donald Kennedy.
-  John Kennedy.
-  George McAdam.
-  John McArthur.
-  Donald McColl.
-  Donald McDiarmid.
-  Angus McDonald.
-  Arch’d McDonald.
-  Arch’d McDonald, killed.
-  James McDonald, killed.
-  John McDonald.
-  Lachlan McDonald.
-  William McDonald, killed.
-  Neil McEachern.
-  Peter McFarlane.
-  Peter McFarlane, killed.
-  John McGillvray.
-  Leonard McGlashan.
-  Alex McGregor.
-  Donald McGregor.
-  Robert McGregor.
-  John McIntosh.
-  Alex McIntyre.
-  Donald McIntyre.
-  James McIntyre, killed.
-  Hector McInven.
-  Hugh McKay.
-  Alex’r McKenzie.
-  Hugh McKenzie.
-  John McKenzie, killed.
-  John McKenzie.
-  Roderick McKenzie.
-  Dougall McLachlan, killed.
-  John McLaren.
-  Roderick McLaren.
-  Neil McLeod.
-  Norman McLeod, killed.
-  Donald McLeish.
-  Donald McLeish.
-  William McLinnion.
-  Neil McMillan.
-  Donald McNeil, killed.
-  Neil McNeil.
-  Hugh McPhee.
-  John McPhee.
-  Alex McPherson.
-  Donald McPherson.
-  Donald McQueen, killed.
-  James Michael.
-  Donald Murray.
-  James Murray.
-  James Rea.
-  Alex’r Reid.
-  Alex’r Ross.
-  Donald Ross.
-  Hugh Ross, killed.
-  John Ross.
-  Donald Robertson.
-  Neil Shaw.
-  John Sinclair, died of wounds.
-  John Smith.
-  Walter Spaulding.
-  Alex’r Stewart.
-  Charles Stewart, died of wounds.
-  Donald Stewart, died of wounds.
-  Walter Stewart, died of wounds.
-  Robert Urquhart.
-  Donald Watson.
-  Donald Wheet.
-  William Wishart.
-  Duncan Wright.
-
-The above roll was made out at the muster in October, 1757,
-and contains the names of those who served in the Company
-for the previous six months. Unfortunately the names of the
-non-commissioned officers and men who were wounded at Ticonderoga
-are not shown.
-
-
-C
-
-ROLL OF CAPT. JAMES MURRAY’S COMPANY, NOV. 1757.
-
-This Company was at Fort Edward captained by Capt. James
-Abercrombie and not in the battle of July 8, 1758.
-
-Atholl Records, p. 431, Vol. III.
-
-  Sergt. Wm. Grant.
-  Sergt. Charles Robinson.
-  Sergt, John McQueen.
-  Corporal John Leslie.
-  Corporal Robert Lachlan.
-  Drummer Alan Campbell.
-
-
-_Privates_
-
-  George Bremmer.
-  Donald Brown.
-  Duncan Cameron.
-  John Campbell.
-  Donald Conacher.
-  William Cowie.
-  James Douglas.
-  Donald Drummond.
-  James Duncan.
-  Alex Fraser (1).
-  Alex Fraser (2).
-  William Fife.
-  Robert Grant.
-  Alex Irvine.
-  James Kennedy.
-  Duncan McAndrew.
-  Donald McDiarmid.
-  Archibald McDonald.
-  Archibald McDonald.
-  Donald McDonald.
-  John McDonald.
-  William McDonald.
-  Peter McFarlane.
-  Alex’r McIntosh.
-  Robert McIntosh.
-  Robert McIntosh.
-  William McIntosh.
-  Donald McLean.
-  Donald McLean.
-  Thos. McNab.
-  Alex McPherson.
-  James McPherson.
-  Donald McRaw.
-  Robert Menzies.
-  William Munroe.
-  John Murray.
-  Alex’r Nicholson.
-  Alex’r Norrie.
-  Alex’r Reid.
-  Alex’r Robertson.
-  Angus Robertson.
-  Archibald Robertson.
-  Charles Robertson.
-  Donald Robertson.
-  James Robertson.
-  James Robertson.
-  John Robertson.
-  Peter Robertson.
-  James Scroggie.
-  Alex’r Stewart.
-  Alex’r Stewart.
-  Alex’r Stewart.
-  John Stewart.
-  Robert Stewart.
-  Thomas Stewart.
-  William Stewart.
-  John Wighton.
-  John Wighton.
-
-
-D
-
-_LIST OF PROMOTION 42D REGIMENT OF FOOT._
-
-_From Paper in Public Record Office, London._
-
-                                         DATE
-    RANK             NAME                1758          IN ROOM OF
-
-  Major         Gordon Graham          17th July  Duncan Campbell, dead
-  Captain       William Grant          23d   ”    Gordon Graham, promoted
-  Capt. Lieut.  Robert Gray            22d   ”    John Campbell, killed
-  Lieut.        Duncan Campbell        23d   ”    William Grant, promoted
-    ”           Donald Campbell        24th  ”    Robert Gray, promoted
-    ”           James McIntosh         25th  ”    George Farquharson, killed
-    ”           John Smith             26th  ”    Hugh McPherson, killed
-    ”           Peter Grant            27th  ”    William Baillie, killed
-    ”           Duncan Stewart         28th  ”    John Sutherland, killed
-    ”           Alex. Farquharson      29th  ”    Hugh Arnotte, pref’d (80th
-                                                    foot)
-  Ensign        Arch. Campbell, Jr.    21st  ”    Norman McLeod, pref’d
-                                                    (80th foot)
-    ”           John Gregor            22nd  ”    George Campbell, pref’d
-                                                    (80th foot)
-    ”           Lewis Grant            23d   ”    Patrick Stewart, killed
-    ”           Arch. Campbell, Sen’r  24th  ”    George Ratthray, killed
-    ”           John Graham            25th  ”    Duncan Campbell, promoted
-    ”           Allen Grant            26th  ”    Donald Campbell, promoted
-    ”           John Leith             27th  ”    Jas. McIntosh, promoted
-    ”           Charles Menzies        28th  ”    John Smith, promoted
-    ”           Archibald McNab        29th  ”    Peter Grant, promoted
-
-
-E
-
-COMPARISON OF LOSSES OF BLACK WATCH AT TICONDEROGA WITH THOSE OF
-OTHER WARS.
-
-In the “Regimental Losses in the American Civil War, 1861, 1865.
-A treatise in the extent and nature of the mortuary losses in the
-Union Regiments, with full and exhaustive statistics compiled from
-the official records on file on the State Military Bureaus and at
-Washington, by William F. Fox, Lieut. Col. U. S. V., president of
-the Society of the 12th Army Corps; late president of the 107th
-New York Veteran Volunteer Association. Albany Publishing Company,
-Albany, N. Y., 1899.” The writer states that he has examined the
-records of 2,000 regiments of the Union Army and on page 2 he
-says, “The one regiment in all the Union Army which sustained the
-greatest loss in battle during the American Civil War was the 5th
-New Hampshire Infantry. It lost 295 men, killed or mortally wounded
-in action during the four years of service from 1861 to 1865. It
-served in the first division, second corps. This division was
-commanded successively by General Richardson, Hancock, Caldwall,
-Barlow and Miles and any regiment that followed the fortunes of
-these men was sure to find plenty of bloody work cut out for it.
-Its loss includes 18 officers killed, a number far in excess of the
-usual proportions and indicates that the men were bravely led.”
-
-“There were 34 regiments of the Union Army whose casualties in
-killed, wounded or missing amounted to 58 per cent or over of
-the men engaged in one battle in each case, however, there was
-not a full regiment engaged. For example, the 1st Minnesota at
-Gettysburg, which was the highest per centage, had 47 killed and
-168 wounded, or a total loss of 215 out of 262 men engaged. This is
-a loss of 82 per cent.
-
-The 9th Illinois at Shiloh had 61 killed, 300 wounded and 5
-missing, a total of 63.3 per cent.
-
-The Light Brigade which has been immortalized by Tennyson took 673
-officers and men into that charge at Balaklava in which 113 were
-killed and 134 wounded, a total of 247 or 36.7 per cent.
-
-[Illustration: Lord Howe’s Monument in Westminster Abbey
-
-THE PROVINCE OF MASSACHUSETS BAY, IN NEW ENGLAND BY AN ORDER OF
-THE GREAT AND GENERAL COURT BEARING DATE FEB^Y 1^{ST} 1759, CAUSED
-THIS MONUMENT TO BE ERECTED TO THE MEMORY OF GEORGE AUGUSTUS
-LORD VISCOUNT HOWE, BRIGADIER GENERAL OF HIS MAJESTY’S FORCES
-IN AMERICA, WHO WAS SLAIN JULY THE 6^{TH} 1758, ON THE MARCH TO
-TICONDEROGA, IN THE 34^{TH} YEAR OF HIS AGE: IN TESTIMONY OF THE
-SENSE THEY HAD OF HIS SERVICES AND MILITARY VIRTUES, AND OF THE
-AFFECTION THEIR OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS BORE TO HIS COMMAND.
-
-HE LIVED RESPECTED AND BELOVED: THE PUBLICK REGRETTED HIS LOSS; TO
-HIS FAMILY IT IS IRREPARABLE.]
-
-The heaviest loss in the German army of the Franco-Prussian war
-was the 16th Infantry (3d Westphalian) at Mars LaTour which had
-509 killed, 619 wounded, 365 missing, a total of 1,484 or 49.4 per
-cent. out of 3,000 men. The regiments of the German army had 3,000
-men.”
-
-The above are the greatest casualties suffered in three great wars
-taken from a book compiled by an authority who had made a study
-of the subject. Compare with these the loss of the Black Watch
-at Ticonderoga given by Col. Stewart of Garth as 8 officers, 9
-sergeants and 297 men killed and 17 officers, 10 sergeants and
-306 soldiers wounded or a casualty of 647 (64.7 per cent) out of
-the 1,000 men of the 42nd reported by General Abercrombie at Lake
-George, June 29, 1758.
-
-
-F
-
-TABLE OF LOSSES OF BLACK WATCH IN SEVEN YEAR WAR.
-
-The loss sustained by the regiment during the seven years it was
-employed in America and the West Indies was as follows:
-
-  ========================================================================
-                                         KILLED              WOUNDED
-  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-                                    F  C  S  S  D   P | F  C  S  S  D   P
-                                    i  a  u  e  r   r | i  a  u  e  r   r
-                                    e  p  b  r  u   i | e  p  b  r  u   i
-                                    l  t  a  j  m   v | l  t  a  j  m   v
-                                    d  a  l  e  m   a | d  a  l  e  m   a
-                                       i  t  a  e   t |    i  t  a  e   t
-                                    O  n  e  n  r   e | O  n  e  n  r   e
-                                    f  s  r  t  s   s | f  s  r  t  s   s
-                                    f     n  s        | f     n  s
-                                    i     s           | i     s
-                                    c                 | c
-                                    e                 | e
-                                    r                 | r
-                                    s                 | s
-  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  Ticonderoga, July 8, 1758         1  1  6  9  2 297 | -  5 12 10  - 306
-  Martinique, January, 1759         -  -  -  -  -   8 | -  -  1  2  -  22
-  Guadeloupe, Feb. and Mar., 1759   -  -  1  1  -  25 | -  -  4  3  -  57
-  General Amherst’s E-pedition to                     |
-    the Lakes, July and Aug., 1759  -  -  -  -  -   3 | -  -  -  1  -   4
-  Martinique, Jan. and Feb., 1762   -  1  1  6  -  12 | 1  1  7  3  1  72
-  Havana, June and July, 1762,                        |
-    both battalions                 -  -  -  -  -   6 | -  -  -  1  -  12
-  E-pedition under Colonel Boquet,                    |
-    August, 1763                    -  1  1  1  -  26 | -  1  1  2  2  30
-  Second E-pedition under Boquet,                     |
-    in 1764 and 1765                -  -  -  -  -   7 | -  -  -  1  -  19
-                                    ------------------|-------------------
-  Total in the Seven Year’s War     1  3  9 12  2 384 | 1  7 25 22  4 522
-  ========================================================================
-        Stewart of Garth, Appendix.
-
-G
-
-OFFICIAL TITLES OF BLACK WATCH AT DIFFERENT PERIODS.
-
-1667 to 1739, The Black Watch.
-
-1739 to 1749, The Regiment was known during this period by the
-names of its Colonels, as was the custom in the British Army at
-that time, Earl of Crawford’s, Lord Sempill’s, Lord John Murray’s.
-It was also called The Highland Regiment. It is said that the
-Regiment was at first the 43d Regt. of Foot, but while it was 43d
-in order of precedence it is a question if it was ever officially
-called the 43d.
-
-1749 to 1758, 42nd Regiment of Foot (The Highland Regiment).
-
-1758 to 1861, 42nd (or Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot.
-
-1861 to 1881, 42nd Royal Highlanders (The Black Watch).
-
-1881 to date, 1st Battalion The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders).
-
-       *       *       *       *       *
-
-1758 to 1786, 2nd Battalion 42nd (or Royal Highland), Regiment of
-Foot.
-
-1786 to 1862, 73d (Highland) Regiment of Foot.
-
-1862 to 1881, 73d (Perthshire) Regiment of Foot.
-
-1881 to date, 2nd Battalion The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders).
-
-
-PRINCIPAL CAMPAIGNS, BATTLES, ETC.
-
-* “Honors” on the Colors, the figures showing the Battalion
-concerned.
-
-   1743-47 Flanders.
-   1745 Fontenoy.
-   1745 Jacobite rising.
-   1757-60 Canada.
-   1758 Ticonderoga.
-   1759 Guadeloupe.
-   1762 Martinique.
-   1762 Havannah.
-   1762-67 Indian Frontier.
-   1763 Bushy Run.
-   1775-81 America.
-   1776 Long Island.
-   1776 White Plains.
-   1776 Brooklyn.
-   1776 Fort Washington.
-   1777 Pisquata.
-   1777 Brandywine.
-   1777 Germantown.
-   1778 Freehold.
-   1780 Charlestown.
-  *1783 Mysore (2).
-  *1783 Mangalore (2).
-   1793 Pondicherry.
-   1793-95 Flanders.
-   1793 Nieuport.
-   1794 Nimeguen.
-   1795 Ceylon.
-   1795 Guildermalsen.
-   1796 St. Lucia.
-   1797 St. Vincent.
-   1798 Minorca.
-  *1799 Seringapatam (2).
-   1799 Genoa.
-   1799 Cadiz.
-   1800 Malta.
-  *1801 Egypt (1).
-   1801 Alexandria.
-   1801 Aboukir.
-   1801 Mandora.
-  *1808-14 Peninsula (1).
-   1808 Roleia.
-   1808 Vimiera.
-  *1809 Corunna (1).
-   1810 Busaco.
-  *1811 Fuentes d’Onor (1).
-   1812 Ciudad Rodrigo.
-   1812 Salamanca.
-   1812 Burgos.
-  *1813 Pyrenees (1).
-   1813 Gohrde.
-  *1813 Nivelle (1).
-  *1813 Nive (1).
-  *1814 Orthes (1).
-   1814 Antwerp.
-  *1814 Toulouse (1).
-   1815 Quatre Bras.
-  *1815 Waterloo (1 and 2).
-   1815 Netherlands.
-  *1846-53 South Africa (2).
-  *1854 Alma (1).
-   1854 Balaclava.
-   1854 Kertch.
-   1855 Yenikale.
-  *1855 Sevastopol (1).
-   1857-58 Indian Mutiny.
-   1857 Cawnpore.
-  *1858 Lucknow (1).
-  *1874 Ashantee (1).
-  *1882-84 Egypt (1).
-  *1882 Tel-el-Kebir (1).
-  *1884-85 Nile (1).
-   1884 El-Teb.
-   1884 Tamai.
-  *1885 Kirbekan (1).
-  *1899-1902 South Africa.
-  *1900 Paardeberg.
-
-
-H
-
-BRITISH REGIMENTS AT TICONDEROGA, 1758.
-
-_With Notes From Farmer’s Regimental Records._
-
-
-27th.
-
-1751-1881, The 27th (Inniskilling) Regiment of Foot. Also 1758
-“Lord Blakeney’s.”
-
-1881 (from) First Battalion “The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers.”
-
-Nickname--“The Lumps.”
-
-      Notes.--Formed from three Companies of the Inniskilling
-      forces. It is unique in using the old Irish war-pipes. While
-      employed on the Isthmus of Darien all but nine of six hundred
-      men succumbed. For distinguished gallantry at St. Lucia, in
-      1696, it was directed that the French garrison in marching
-      out should lay down their arms to the 27th, other marks of
-      favor being likewise accorded to the officers and men of the
-      regiment.
-
-
-42nd.
-
-1749-58, 42nd Regiment of Foot (The Highland Regiment).
-
-1758-1861, 42nd (or Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot. Also “Lord
-John Murray’s,” 1758 and 59.
-
-1881 (from) 1st Battalion The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders).
-
-Regimental Badges-“The Royal Cypher within the Garter.” The badge
-and motto of the Order of the Thistle. Also (in each of the four
-corners) the Royal Cypher ensigned with the Imperial Crown. Also
-“The Sphinx” (for Egypt, 1801).
-
-      Notes.--The 1st Battalion of this famous corps, the oldest
-      Highland regiment in the British army, was raised from six
-      Independent companies of Highlanders. Its sombre dress of
-      black, blue, and green tartan gave rise to its popular name.
-      To enumerate its services is simply to narrate the military
-      history of Great Britain since the early part of the last
-      century. Hardly a campaign has been conducted, or a battle
-      fought, in which the Black Watch--one battalion or the
-      other, or both in company--has not participated; always with
-      bravery, and frequently with conspicuous gallantry. Thereto
-      its records of services abundantly testifies. At Fontenoy,
-      Ticonderoga, and at Bushy Run “extraordinary and unexampled”
-      gallantry was shown. It received Royal distinction in its
-      change of title in 1758, and was privileged to wear the red
-      heckle in the bonnet, in recognition of its conduct at the
-      battle of Guildermalsen in 1795. In Egypt (in 1801, for which
-      it bears “The Sphinx”), before Alexandria, it captured the
-      Standard of the French Invincible Legion. Since then it has
-      heaped fame on fame, and added “honor” to “honor” to its
-      colours. Nor has the 2nd Battalion (raised in Perthshire in
-      1758 as the second Battalion of the 42nd, but, renumbered,
-      long known as the 73rd prior to the territorial restoration
-      of the ancient status) failed to win fresh laurels as
-      occasion arose. At Mangalore (1783) against Tippoo Sahib, and
-      side by side with the senior Battalion at Waterloo, in the
-      Netherlands, in the Indian Mutiny, and in the Kaffir wars of
-      1846-53, it has worthily sustained the undying fame of the
-      regiment. Recent events in South Africa show that neither
-      the officers nor the men of today have lost one iota of
-      that traditional dash, determination, and the bravery which
-      have won for the Black Watch so glorious a place in British
-      military annals.
-
-
-44th.
-
-1751-82, The 44th Regiment of Foot. Also 1758, “General
-Abercrombie’s.”
-
-1881 (from) The First Battalion “The Essex Regiment.”
-
-Nicknames--“The Two Fours” (of the 44th). “The Little Fighting
-Fours,” (the regiment saw hard service in the Peninsula, and its
-men were of small average stature). “The Pompadours” and “Saucy
-Pompeys.” (Tradition relates that when the facings were changed in
-1764 (the crimson not wearing well) the Colonel desired Blue, but
-the authorities objecting, he chose Purple, a favorite color of
-Madame de Pompadour, a mistress of Louis XV, of France).
-
-      Notes.--The 44th captured an Eagle of the 62nd French
-      Infantry at Salamanica.
-
-
-46th.
-
-1751-82, The 46th Regiment of Foot. Also 1758 “Lieut. Gen. Thomas
-Murray’s.”
-
-1881 (from) Second Battalion “Duke of Cornwall’s Light infantry.”
-
-Nicknames--These pertain to the late 46th; “Murray’s Buck’s” (from
-Colonel name (1743-64) and its smart appearance on home duty
-in Scottish Royal livery). “The Surprisers” (from an incident
-(1777) in the American War). “The Lacedemonians” (its Colonel
-once when under fire, made a disciplinarian speech concerning the
-Lacedemonians). Also in early days, “The Edinburgh Regiment.” “The
-Red Feathers.” “The Docs” (the initials).
-
-      Note.--“The Two Feathers” is a distinction of the 46th, a
-      Light company of which, in 1777, with others were brigaded as
-      “The Light Battalion.” The Americans were so harrassed by the
-      Brigade that they vowed “No Quarter.” In derision, to prevent
-      mistakes, the Light Battalion dyed their feathers red; the
-      46th Foot alone has retained the distinction.
-
-
-55th
-
-1757-82, The 55th Regiment of Foot. Also “Lord Howe’s” in 1858 and
-“Prideaux’s” in 1759.
-
-1881 (from) Second Battalion “The Border Regiment.”
-
-Nickname--“The Two Fives” (to the 55th for its number).
-
-      Notes.--The Dragon of China is on the Regimental Badge of the
-      55th in honor of the victorious campaign in China in 1840-42.
-
-
-1st and 4th Battalions 60th.
-
-1755-57, The 62nd (Royal American) Regiment of Foot; renumbered.
-
-1757-1824, The 60th (Royal American) Regiment of Foot.
-
-1881 (from) Second Battalion “The Border Regiment.”
-
-      Notes.--This regiment, though possessing no “Colors,” bears
-      more honors than any other regiment, the Highland Light
-      Infantry coming next with twenty-nine. Motto, “Swift and
-      Bold,” bestowed according to tradition by General Wolfe in
-      recognition of its conduct at Quebec.
-
-
-80th.
-
-1758-64, The 80th (Light-armed) Regiment of Foot. Also “Gage’s.”
-(Disbanded 1764).
-
-
-The Royal Regiment of Artillery.
-
-One arm or other of this branch of the Service has, obviously,
-taken part in every campaign; a particularized list is therefore
-unnecessary. The guns are the “Colours” of the Artillery, and as
-such are entitled to all “parade honours.” Formerly, regimental
-honors appear to have been worn by certain companies. Amongst such
-are “Niagara,” “Leipsic,” “Waterloo,” and “The Dragon of China.”
-
-Nicknames--“The Gunners;” “The Four-wheeled Hussars” (of the Royal
-Horse Artillery).
-
-      Notes.--Trains of artillery seem to have been raised in the
-      time of Henry VIII., and up to 1716 appear to have been
-      disbanded after each campaign. In 1716 several companies
-      received permanent corporate existence, since which
-      exigencies of modern warfare have led to an enormous increase
-      in the number of batteries. But from first to last, the
-      record of the Royal Artillery has been one of distinction,
-      and it may fitly be said to share the honors of all other
-      regiments. The Royal Irish Artillery were absorbed in 1801,
-      and the East India Company’s Artillery in 1858.
-
-
-BRITISH REGIMENTS AT TICONDEROGA, 1759.
-
-1st.
-
-1751-1812, The 1st, or The Royal Regiment of Foot, also the
-“Royals.”
-
-1881 (from) The Royal Scots (Lothian Regiment).
-
-Nickname--“Pontius Pilate’s Body-Guard.” It is a legend of the
-Regiment that the Romans carried off a number of wild, war-like
-Highlanders as prisoners after their conquest of Britain, and these
-men and their descendants became soldiers of the Roman Empire and
-as such they guarded the tomb of Our Saviour after the crucifixion.
-This Scottish company, for it only consisted of one hundred men
-under a centurion, was kept distinct from the Roman Army proper. At
-the time of the crucifixion they were called Pontius Pilate’s Scots
-Guards, and their descendants were the nucleus of the First Royal
-Scots in later years.
-
-      Notes.--The oldest Regiment of Foot in the British Army.
-      Traditionally regarded as the ancient body-guard of the
-      Scottish kings, this famous corps was in the service of
-      Sweden, as “Hepburn’s Regiment,” from 1625 to 1633; and in
-      that of France from 1633 to 1678, when (under Dumbarton) it
-      came to England. It received its title in 1684 in recognition
-      of the capture of a Colour from the Moors at Tangier. At
-      Sedgemoor (1685) it also captured the Duke of Monmouth’s
-      Standard.
-
-
-17th.
-
-1751-82, The 17th Regiment of Foot. Also “Forbes.”
-
-1881 (from) “The Leicestershire Regiment.”
-
-Nicknames--“The Bengal Tigers” (from its badge); “The Lily-whites”
-(from its facings).
-
-      Notes.--Mainly raised near London; twelve regiments in all
-      were formed in 1688, but this and the 16th (The Bedfordshire)
-      are alone in commission now.
-
-
-27th.
-
-See above, Ticonderoga, 1758.
-
-
-42nd.
-
-See above, Ticonderoga, 1758.
-
-
-55th.
-
-See above, Ticonderoga, 1758.
-
-
-77th.
-
-1756-63, The 77th (Montgomery Highlanders) Regiment; disbanded
-1763.
-
-
-80th.
-
-See above, Ticonderoga, 1758.
-
-
-Royal Artillery.
-
-See above, Ticonderoga, 1758.
-
-
-I
-
-PROVINCIAL REGIMENTS AT TICONDEROGA.
-
-(The writer will have to admit that this list is more or less
-incomplete, even the N. Y. State Library at Albany had only
-scattered items. It would seem as if this would be a good subject
-for an article for some future meeting of the Association and any
-information will be gratefully received).
-
-
-1758.
-
-The New York Colonial Manuscripts, edited by Callaghan, page 732,
-in the list of regiments having officers wounded at the battle of
-July 8, 1758, gives the following regiments: Col. DeLancey’s, New
-York; Col. Babcock’s, Rhode Island; Col. Fitche’s, Connecticut;
-Col. Worcester’s, Connecticut; Col. Bagley’s, Massachusetts; Col.
-Partridge’s, Massachusetts; Col. Preble’s, Massachusetts; Col.
-Johnston’s, New Jersey. Parkman mentions Col. Bradstreet with his
-regiment of boatmen, armed and drilled as soldiers and it is also
-certain that Roger’s Rangers were with the expedition.
-
-The year book of the Maine Chapter of the Society of Colonial
-Wars for 1900 gives much information in regard to Col. Preble’s
-regiment, Maine being in 1758 a part of Massachusetts. Mention is
-made in this article of regiments officered by “Col. Doty, Col.
-Joseph Williams, Col. Nickols, Col. Whitings.”
-
-Also in the New York Colonial Manuscripts, Vol. 10, P. 827 it
-mentions a force of about 3,000 men nearly all of whom were
-provincials, under Col. Bradstreet, in the expedition against Fort
-Frontinac after the battle of July 8, 1758, and of the number of
-soldiers engaged, the list is given as “New Yorkers 1112, Col.
-Williams’ regiment 413, Col. Douty’s 248, Rhode Island 318, and
-Jersey 418.”
-
-It is not clear whether these regiments were at the battle of
-Ticonderoga and were not mentioned in list page 732 of the New York
-Colonial Manuscripts because none of the officers were wounded, or
-whether they were the same regiments but with different officers, a
-change having been made after the battle.
-
-
-1759
-
-The provincial regiments mentioned in Commissary Wilson’s Orderly
-Book as being in the Ticonderoga expedition of 1759 are as
-follows: Col. Lyman’s, Connecticut; Col. Whiting’s, Connecticut;
-Col. Worcester’s, Connecticut; Col. Fitch’s, Connecticut; Col.
-Willard’s, Massachusetts; Col. Ruggle’s, Massachusetts; Col.
-Lovell’s, New Hampshire; Col. Schuyler’s, New Jersey; Col.
-Babcock’s, Rhode Island.
-
-
-J
-
-BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF AS MANY OF THE OFFICERS OF 1758 AS COULD
-BE TRACED.
-
-_James Abercrombie._
-
-James Abercrombie was promoted to a captaincy in the 42nd or 1st
-Battalion of the Royal Highlanders on the 16th of February, 1756.
-On the 5th of May, 1759, he was appointed aide de camp to Maj. Gen.
-Amherst, with whom he made the campaigns of that and the following
-year. On the 25th of July, 1760, he was appointed Major of the 78th
-or Fraser’s Highlanders and in September following was employed
-by Gen. Amherst in communicating to the Marquis de Vaudreuil
-the conditions preparatory to the surrender of Montreal and in
-obtaining the signature of that governor to them. (Knox’s Journal).
-The 78th having been disbanded in 1763, Major Abercrombie retired
-on half pay. On the 27th of March, 1770, he again entered active
-service as Lt. Colonel of the 22nd Regiment then serving in America
-under the command of Lt. Col. Gage and was killed in the memorable
-Battle of Bunker Hill on the 17th of June, 1775.
-
-      New York Colonial Manuscripts by Broadhead, Weed, Parsons
-      Co., Albany, 1856, page 160.
-
-
-_Hugh Arnot._
-
-Hugh Arnot was taken from the half pay list and appointed a
-Lieutenant in the 42nd Highlanders, 9th April, 1756, at the
-augmentation of that Regiment on its coming to America, and was
-promoted to a Company on the 27th December, 1757. He served in the
-unfortunate affair of Ticonderoga in 1758, and in 1759 accompanied
-Amherst as above. On the 16th August, 1760, he exchanged into the
-46th Foot, in which Regiment he continued to serve until 1769, when
-his name was dropped from the Army List.
-
-      Wilson’s Orderly Book, p. 143.
-
-
-_Patrick Balneaves._
-
-Patrick Balneaves, of Edradour, entered the 42nd, as Ensign, 28th
-January, 1756, and was promoted to be Lieutenant 1st April, 1758;
-he was wounded at Ticonderoga, 1758; and again at Martinico in
-1762; became Captain-Lieutenant 23rd August, 1763, and left the
-army in 1770.
-
-      Stewart. Army Lists. N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, p. 729, Vol.
-      10.
-
-[Illustration: AT TICONDEROGA
-
-Tablet on Boulder near French Lines at Fort Ticonderoga
-
-Tablet in Black Watch Memorial at Ticonderoga]
-
-
-_Allan Campbell._
-
-Allan Campbell, son of Barcaldine, entered the Army as Ensign of
-the 43d (now the 42nd) Highlanders, Dec. 25, 1744, and served that
-year against the Pretender. Was made prisoner of war at Preston
-Pans, 21st Sept. 1745 and sent on parole to Perth. Was appointed
-lieutenant Dec. 1, 1746. He obtained a Company 13th of May, 1755,
-and the next year came to America, where he shared the difficulties
-and honors of the Regiment. In June, 1759, he was appointed Major
-for the campaign under Amherst, and was actively employed at the
-Head of the Grenadiers and Rangers, clearing the way for the army
-up the Lakes. He became major in the army 15th August, 1762,
-and went on half-pay on the reduction of the regiment in 1763,
-having obtained a grant of 5,000 acres of land at Crown Point. He
-served 19 years in the regiment. In 1770, he was appointed Major
-of the 36th or Herefordshire Foot, then serving in Jamaica;
-became Lieutenant-Colonel in the army in May (1772), and of his
-regiment in January, 1778; Colonel in the Army, 17th Nov. 1780;
-Major-General in 1787; and died 1795. His Regiment did not serve in
-America during the Revolutionary War.
-
-An extract from his will dated 2nd March 1787, reads:
-
-  “And whereas I am under a grant from the Crown intitled to a
-  considerable tract of land and heredits situate, lying and being
-  in the Province of New York in the County of Albany in America,
-  between Ticonderoga and Crown Point. * * * I do hereby give,
-  devise and bequeath unto my two sisters, Isabella Campbell,
-  (wife of John C. of Archalader, in the Shire of Perth, in North
-  Britain, aforesaid Esquire), and Jane Campbell of Edinchip,
-  in the Shire of Perth, aforesaid, widow of Colin Campbell of
-  Edinchip, aforesaid, Esq. deceased, their heirs, executors,
-  Administrates, and Assigns, all my said track of land and
-  heredits, in America,” etc.
-
-      Browne, IV, 150.
-
-      Knox Journal, I, 373, 377, 387; II, 401.
-
-      Army List. Commissionary Wilson’s Orderly Book. 1759. p. 18.
-      Stewart of Garth Appendix.
-
-
-_Archibald Campbell._
-
-Archibald Campbell. Born 1720. Eldest son of Duncan Campbell of
-Glendaruel and Lockhead. His mother was Elizabeth, daughter of the
-Rev. Archibald Campbell of Inverary. He was appointed Ensign 42d
-Regt. 23d Jan. 1756, Lieut. 28th July 1757, Captain 4th Dec. 1759.
-Died 3d June 1762.
-
-
-_Donald Campbell._
-
-Donald Campbell, son of Donald Campbell Bailie of McKairn, Taynuilt
-Argyll, was appointed Ensign in the 42d Regt. of Foot, 5th May
-1756. He was with one of the additional companies in the “Anandall”
-which sprang two leaks, lost her mizen mast, was attacked three
-times by Privateers (which they beat off with small arms), and was
-driven into the West Indies, so that she did not arrive in New
-York, in time for the company to join the attack on Ticonderoga.
-He was appointed Lieut. 24th July 1758 and retired 13th June 1761,
-having served with the Royal Highlanders from 1758 to 1761.
-
-      Highlanders in America by MacLean, page 176, N. Y. Colonial
-      Documents, page 629.
-
-
-_Duncan Campbell (Killochronan, Island of Mull)._
-
-Extract from the Memorial of Captain Duncan Campbell, American
-Loyalist Claims.
-
-  “Humbly Sheweth, that he was a native of Great Britain and he
-  was appointed Ensign in the 42nd Highlanders 26 January 1756,
-  in which Corps he served the war before last in America and the
-  West Indies. And in August 1763 the Regiment was ordered on an
-  expedition to the relief of Fort Pitt, then invested by the
-  savages.
-
-  On the march he was severely wounded at the battle of Bushy
-  Run, and for a long time rendered unfit for service. (In this
-  skirmishing warfare the troops suffered much from the want of
-  water and the extreme heat of the weather) which occasioned his
-  retiring on half pay in 1764.
-
-  He soon thereafter settled at Fredricksburg, Dutchess Co. in the
-  Prov. of New York (in 1769) and purchased a valuable track of
-  land from Colonel Beverly Robinson and others on good terms. In
-  1775 he was Colonel of Militia and Magistrate for the said county.
-
-  That at the commencement of the troubles he took an early and
-  decided part in favor of His Majesty’s government, which rendered
-  him so obnoxious to the popular party where he dwelt that he was
-  obliged to fly to New York, to save his life, from the family and
-  abandon his property in June 1775. That soon after his arrival
-  there he engaged as an officer in the 2nd Battalion Highland
-  Emigrant’s in which he continued doing duty until the cessation
-  of hostilities, and consequent reduction of the Regiment in Nova
-  Scotia, in which Province he now dwells. (2 January 1784).
-
-  That early in June 1775 he got on board the Asia ship of war (64
-  gun frigate) then stationed in New York and soon after was joined
-  by some recruits he had engaged to follow him. In July thereafter
-  he went to Boston where Gen. Gage then Commander-in-Chief,
-  gave him command of an armed transport in which he returned to
-  New York where he enlisted and received on board about 60 more
-  recruits. That in September he returned again to Boston where
-  he left all his recruits except 26 which were left on board as
-  Marines, on the 8 October he was sent back on the same service.
-  But on the 16 of the same month was unfortunately shipwrecked on
-  the coast of New Jersey.
-
-  On this service he lost all his money and baggage to the
-  amount of £100. This loss His Excellency Sir William Howe,
-  then Commander-in-Chief, would not think of reimbursing at the
-  time. In consequence of the shipwreck he and his party had the
-  misfortune to be made prisoners and was carried to Philadelphia
-  where he was fourteen months in a small apartment of the dismal
-  gaol where he contracted a sickness which was likely to prove
-  fatal to him.
-
-  How soon he was taken his family were turned out of doors and
-  deprived of everything they had except some wearing apparell. The
-  distressed situation of the family so driven from their home may
-  be easier felt than described. It brought on for a beginning the
-  untimely death of an amiable wife, and deprived his five infant
-  children of a mother’s care whereby they for some time became
-  objects of compassion which he was unable to rescue them from.
-  Until he was exchanged and joined his Regiment (in January 1777)
-  he thereafter continued to serve during the war.
-
-  N. B. The Memorialist was appointed Second Oldest Captain in
-  the 2nd Batt. 84th Regiment the 14 June 1775 and was reduced in
-  October 1783 without a step of preferment in the Regt. or in the
-  Line.
-
-  Captain 4th Breadalbane Regt. of Fencibles 2nd Batt. 1 March
-  1793; Major 17 Feb. 1794; Lieut. Col. 9 Dec. 1795; Regiment
-  disbanded 18 April 1799. He died at Edinburgh in Dec. 1799.”
-
-      Major Sir Duncan Campbell of Barcaldine, Bart. C. V. O.
-
-      Stewart, I, 279; II, Appendix No. 11.
-
-[Illustration: AT FORT TICONDEROGA
-
-  Officers Quarters or West Barracks
-
-  Two views from same point showing before and after restoration
-
-  The Block House, summer residence of Howland Pell
-
-  A reproduction of the Germain redoubt
-
-  The Pavilion, summer residence of S. H. Pell. Built in 1826 by
-  William F. Pell, Esq]
-
-
-_John Campbell of Duneavis._
-
-John Campbell, of Duneaves, Perthshire, was originally a private in
-the Black Watch. In 1743, he was presented, with Gregor McGregor,
-to George II, as a specimen of the Highland soldier and performed
-at St. James the broadsword exercise and that of the Lochaber axe,
-before his Majesty and a number of General officers. Each got a
-gratuity of a guinea, which they gave to the porter at the gate of
-the palace as they passed out. Mr. Campbell obtained an Ensigncy in
-1745 for his bravery at the battle of Fontenoy; was promoted to be
-Captain-Lieutenant, 16th February, 1756, and landed in New York the
-following June. He was among the few resolute men who forced their
-way into the work at Ticonderoga, on the 8th of July, where he was
-killed.
-
-
-_John Campbell of Glendaruel._
-
-John Campbell of Glendaruel, born in 1721, was appointed Ensign
-of the 42nd Regt. of Foot 25th Sept., 1745; Lieutenant 16th May,
-1748; Captain Lieut. 2nd July 1759; and Captain 20th July 1760;
-Captain 27th or Inniskilling Regiment of Foot 25th March 1762;
-Major Supt. of Indian Affairs in the Province of Quebec 2nd July,
-1773; Lieut. Col. of Indian Affairs 29th August 1777; and Colonel
-16th Nov. 1790.
-
-He married Marianna St. Lucan (date not given) and died Montreal,
-23rd June 1795.
-
-“In the course of a long and meritorious service with his Regiment,
-the 42nd Highlanders, in all its campaigns from the Rebellion in
-1745 to the attack on Ticonderoga, where he was wounded on the 8th
-July, 1758, and the conquest of Canada, Martinique, and Havanna.
-He subsequently served in the expedition commanded by General
-Burgoyne, at the head of a number of Indians, and was distinguished
-for his spirited conduct as an officer, adorned by that elegance
-and politeness which mark the accomplished gentleman and his
-virtues in private life endeared him to his family and companions.
-
-His remains were attended to the grave in a manner suitable to
-his rank. Not only by a very numerous assembly of citizens of all
-ranks, but by a large body of Indian warriors, whose very decent
-behavior evinced the sincerity with which they partook of the
-universal regret occasioned by the loss of so very respectable a
-member of society.”
-
-      Major Sir Duncan Campbell of Barcaldine, Bart. C. V. O.
-
-
-_John Campbell of Strachur._
-
-John Campbell of Strachur, in the Highlands of Scotland, entered
-the Army in June, 1745, as Lieutenant of Loudon’s Highlanders;
-served through the Scotch Rebellion; made the Campaign in Flanders,
-1747, and was promoted to a company on the 1st October of that
-year. At the peace of 1748, he went on Half-Pay and so remained
-until the 9th April, 1756, when he was appointed to the 42nd
-Highlanders previous to the embarcation of that Regiment for
-America. He was wounded in the attack on Ticonderoga in 1758, and
-was appointed by General Amherst Major of the 17th Foot on the 11th
-July, 1759; was promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel in the Army, 1st
-February, 1762 and commanded his Regiment in the expedition that
-year against Martinico and Havana. On the 1st May, 1773, he became
-Lieutenant-Colonel of the 57th or West Middlesex Foot, returned
-to America in 1776 with his Regiment at the breaking out of the
-Revolution; was appointed Maj. General 19th February, 1779, Colonel
-of his Regiment 2d November, 1780, and commanded the British Forces
-in West Florida, where after a gallant though ineffectual defence
-he was obliged to surrender Pensacola to the Spaniards 10th May,
-1781. He became Lieutenant-General 28th September, 1787; General in
-the Army, 26th January, 1797, and died in the fore part of 1806.
-
-      Brown, IV., 155, 159.
-
-      Stewart’s Sketches of the Highlanders, I, 295, 306, 359, 370;
-      II, 5, app. iii; Knox Journal, I, 373; II, 401; Beatson’s
-      Naval and Mil. Mem. V, 50, 226-233; VI, 274-280; Army Lists.
-      Wilson’s Orderly Book, page 94.
-
-
-_Moses Campbell._
-
-A native of Scotland, joined the 42nd Regt. and was promoted
-Sergeant.
-
-Served with this Regiment throughout the war of French and Indians
-in America of 1756-63, discharged at the reduction, and settled
-with his family on a portion of Maj. Allan Campbell’s (same Regt.)
-grant of land, situated on the south (bank) side of Lake Champlain,
-between Crown Point (about 5 miles above the point) and Ticonderoga.
-
-Also served (possibly in the Royal Highland Emigrants, bounty 50s
-rendezvous Lake Champlain, 1775) in the War of Independence of
-1775, (for which his property was confiscated, including boats.)
-
-He died in active (British) service on the 18th Feb. 1781.
-
-His widow, Elizabeth, and seven children claimed 366 pounds for
-losses, allowed 80 pounds.
-
-N. B. On behalf of her son, Alexander, (aged 21 years), 50 pounds,
-who complained that one of the rebels was now living in his house,
-Feb. 1783.
-
-
-_Gordon Graham._
-
-Gordon Graham of Drainie in the Highlands of Scotland, was
-appointed ensign in the 43rd Highlanders in Oct. 25, 1739, and
-was made lieutenant June 24, 1743. He served in Flanders and
-shared in the defeat at Fontenoy in 1745, after which the Regiment
-returned home. In 1747 he made another campaign in Flanders. On
-August 7, 1747, he was appointed captain. In 1749 the number of
-the regiment was changed to the 42d and Mr. Graham obtained a
-company in it 3d June, 1752, came to America in 1756, was at the
-surrender of Fort William Henry under Colonel Munro in 1757, and
-was wounded at Ticonderoga in 1758. The Major of the Regiment
-having been killed on that occasion Captain Graham succeeded to the
-vacancy, July 17th, 1758, and made the campaign of 1759 and 1760
-under Amherst. He next served in the West Indies in the expedition
-against Martinique and July 9, 1762, became Lieutenant Colonel of
-the Regiment, which returned to New York, and in the year 1763,
-proceeded to the relief of Fort Pitt, defeating the Indians on the
-way in the Battle of Bushy Run. In December, 1770, he retired after
-31 years of service in the Regiment. As his name does not appear in
-the army list of 1771 it is presumed that he died at this time.
-
-      Brown’s Highland Clans IV, 139, 159. Beatson’s Naval and Mil.
-      Mem. II, 530. Wilson’s Orderly Book, p. 14.
-
-
-_John Graham._
-
-John Graham was the brother of Thomas; entered the 42nd regiment as
-Ensign and was promoted to a Lieutenancy 25th January, 1776; was
-wounded at Ticonderoga 1758; became Captain in February, 1762, and
-was again wounded at Bushy Run in 1763; shortly after which his
-company having been disbanded, he went on half pay. He rejoined
-the regiment 25th December, 1765, and is dropped in 1772, having
-attained the rank of field officer.
-
-      Stewart I, 359, Army Lists. N. Y. Col. Manuscripts, p. 729,
-      Vol. 10.
-
-[Illustration: Grave of Jane McCrea, Union Cemetery, between Hudson
-Falls and Fort Edward Major Duncan Campbell is now buried in this
-lot.]
-
-
-_Thomas Graham._
-
-Thomas Graham, or Graeme, of Duchay, entered the 43rd, or Black
-Watch, as Ensign June 30, 1741; was promoted to a Lieutenancy
-August 6, 1746, and obtained a company February 15, 1756, shortly
-before the regiment, then the 42nd, came to America. He served in
-the several Campaigns on the northern lakes; was wounded at
-Ticonderoga in 1758; was again wounded at the battle of Bushy Run,
-near Pittsburg, in 1763; served in the subsequent campaigns against
-the Indians, and embarked for Ireland in 1767. He succeeded Major
-Reid 31st March, 1770, and became Lieutenant-Colonel 12th December
-following. He retired from the army December, 1771, after 30 years
-of service.
-
-      Army Lists. Stewart. N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, p. 729, Vol.
-      10.
-
-
-_Francis Grant._
-
-Francis Grant, son of the Laird of Grant, and brother of Sir
-Ludovick Grant, of Grant, Scotland, was received from half-pay
-in Loudon’s Regiment and was made ensign in the Black Watch Oct.
-25, 1739. Nov. 5, 1739, he was made lieutenant; June 18, 1743,
-captain; and Oct. 3, 1745, he became major. A vacancy occurring
-in the lieutenant-colonelcy, in December, 1755, the men of the
-Regiment subscribed a sum of money among themselves to purchase the
-step for him, but it was not required; he had already obtained his
-promotion. He accompanied the Regiment to America in 1756 and was
-present at the bloody battle of Ticonderoga, July 8, 1758, where he
-was wounded. In the following year he accompanied Amherst on his
-expedition, and in 1760 was in command of the van of the Army from
-Oswego to Montreal. In 1761 he commanded the Army sent to the south
-to chastise the Cherokees. He served as Brigadier-General in the
-expedition against Martinico in 1762, and on the 19th of February
-of that year became colonel in the army. On July 9, 1762, after
-twenty-three years of service in the Black Watch Regiment, he was
-removed and appointed to the command of the 90th Light Infantry.
-In August, 1762, he commanded the 4th Brigade at the siege of
-Havana and went on half pay at the peace of 1763. In November,
-1768, he became colonel of the 63rd; Major-General in 1770; and
-Lieutenant-General in 1777. He died at the beginning of 1782 (Army
-Lists).
-
-Lieut.-Gen. Grant’s daughter was married to the Hon. and Rt. Rev.
-George Murray, fourth son of the Duke of Athol, and Bishop of St.
-David’s.
-
-      Brown’s Highland Clans, IV, 155.
-
-      Knox’s Journal, II, 404, 410, 465.
-
-      Beatson N. and M., Mem. III, 363, 359.
-
-      Debrett’s Peerage. Wilson’s Orderly Book, p. 3.
-
-
-_James Grant._
-
-James Grant, appointed Ensign, Nov. 20, 1746; Lieutenant, Jan. 22,
-1756; Captain, Dec. 26, 1760; removed Aug. 13, 1762, after 16 years
-of service in the Regiment and was made Fort-Major Limerick. Died
-in 1778. He was wounded at Ticonderoga.
-
-      Stewart of Garth, Appendix.
-
-
-_William Grant._
-
-William Grant, appointed Ensign, Oct. 1, 1745; Lieutenant, May 22,
-1746; Captain, July 23, 1758; Major, Dec. 5, 1777; retired August,
-1778, after 33 years of service with rank of Brevet Lieut.-Colonel.
-He was wounded at the battle of Ticonderoga.
-
-      Stewart of Garth, Appendix.
-
-
-_James Gray._
-
-James Gray was taken from the Half-pay list and appointed
-Lieutenant in the 42nd Royal Highlanders 30th January, 1756. His
-name is omitted in the Army List of 1765.
-
-      Stewart’s Highlanders. Wilson’s Orderly Book, page 83.
-
-
-_Robert Gray._
-
-Robert Gray, appointed Ensign, June 6, 1745; Lieutenant, June 9,
-1747; Captain, July 22, 1758. He was wounded at Ticonderoga. Aug.
-2, 1759, after 14 years of service in the Regiment, he was promoted
-to the 55th Regiment. He died in 1771 with rank of Lieut.-Colonel.
-
-      Stewart of Garth, Appendix.
-
-
-_Alexander McIntosh._
-
-Alexander McIntosh was taken from half pay in 1756 and appointed
-Lieutenant in the 42nd. He was wounded at Ticonderoga, 1758, and
-again at Martinico in 1762, and was promoted to a company 24th July
-of the same year. He went on half pay in 1763 and was not again
-called on active service until 25th December, 1770, when he was
-appointed to the 10th regiment then serving in America. Captain
-McIntosh was killed at the storming of Fort Washington, 16th
-November, 1776.
-
-      Army Lists. Beatson’s Naval and Military Memoirs. N. Y.
-      Colonial Manuscripts, p. 729, Vol. 10.
-
-
-_Norman McLeod._
-
-Norman McLeod entered the army as ensign of the 42d January 1756,
-and was promoted to Lieutenancy in the 69th in June 1761. At the
-peace of 1763 he elected to remain in this country and received
-3,000 acres of land and retired on half pay. Sometime later he was
-appointed Commissioner at Niagara under Sir William Johnson. At the
-breaking out of the War of the Revolution he offered his services
-to Governor Martin of North Carolina. Later he was captured and was
-a prisoner for about five years.
-
-      Wm. M. McBean, Secy. St. Andrew’s Society of the State of New
-      York.
-
-
-_John MacNeil._
-
-John MacNeil was appointed ensign, Aug. 6, 1742, Lieutenant Oct.
-10, 1745; Captain, Dec. 16, 1752; Major, July 9, 1762. He died
-at the siege of Havana in 1762 after 20 years of service in the
-Regiment.
-
-      Stewart of Garth, Appendix.
-
-
-_David Milne._
-
-David Mill, or Milne, received a commission as Lieutenant in this
-Corps 19th July, 1757; was wounded at Ticonderoga in 1758, and
-again at Martinique in 1762; retired from the army at the peace of
-1763.
-
-      N. Y. Colonial Manuscripts, p. 729, Vol. 10.
-
-
-_James Murray._
-
-James Murray, second son of Lord George Murray, by his marriage
-with Amelia Murray, heiress of Strowan and Glencarse, and grandson
-of the first Duke of Atholl, was born at Tullibardine on the
-19th of March, 1734, and it is interesting to know that Lord John
-Murray, who was destined in after years to be his colonel, was
-called upon to be his godfather. A commission as Lieutenant in the
-Saxon Grenadier Guards was obtained for him in 1749, and he joined
-his regiment in 1751. He served against the forces of Frederick
-the Great until the Saxon Army capitulated at Pirna on the Elbe in
-October, 1756. He was released on parole and returned to Scotland
-in 1757 and on the nomination of his uncle, James Duke of Atholl,
-was given a captain’s commission in the Black Watch and was placed
-in command of one of the three additional companies then being
-raised for service in America. He reached New York in April, 1758,
-and commanded Captain Reid’s company in the unsuccessful attack on
-Ticonderoga--his own company having been left in garrison at Fort
-Edward. He was wounded but was soon able to return to duty and took
-part in the successful expedition of 1759 to Lake Champlain. Toward
-the close of that year he was given command--by Lord John Murray’s
-desire--of the Grenadier Company of the newly-raised 2nd Battalion,
-and with this battalion he served in the advance on Montreal in
-1760 and in the capture of Martinique in 1762. He was wounded here
-and invalided home and was on sick leave for more than six years.
-He rejoined the Black Watch in 1768 and in 1769 was appointed
-Captain-lieutenant in the 3rd Foot Guards, obtaining his promotion
-as Captain and Lieutenant-colonel the following year. In 1772 he
-was elected member of Parliament for Perthshire, a position which
-he held for twenty-two years. He was appointed Governor of Upnor
-Castle in 1775 and Fort William in 1780, but these were merely
-nominal posts and did not interfere with his other duties. In 1776
-he bought Strowan (originally the property of his mother), from his
-nephew, the fourth Duke of Atholl.
-
-On the outbreak of the War of Independence, Col. Murray offered
-to raise a regiment of Highlanders for service in America, but
-this offer was refused, and in March, 1777, he was sent out to
-join the brigade of Guards under General Howe in New Jersey. He
-was with Lord Cornwallis at Quibbletown and presumably took part
-in the actions at Brandywine and Germantown in 1777. He spent the
-following winter in quarters at Philadelphia, and left America in
-the summer of 1778 and joined the Atholl Highlanders in Ireland
-in September of that year, of which regiment he was given the
-command. This regiment remained in Ireland during the war, at the
-conclusion of which it was disbanded. James Murray was appointed
-Lieutenant-colonel-commandant of the 78th Highlanders in 1783, but
-as he was already a general officer he never did any duty with this
-regiment. After 1783 General Murray resided a good deal at Strowan;
-in 1786 he was promoted full Colonel of the 78th (by that time the
-72nd), and in 1793 he was made Lieutenant-general. In March, 1794,
-he felt himself obliged to resign his seat in Parliament owing to
-ill health and a few days later--on the 19th of March--he died in
-London and was buried in St. Margaret’s, Westminster.
-
-Of Lord George Murray’s three sons, General James seems to have
-been the one who most resembled his father. He had inherited the
-Jacobite General’s sympathetic knowledge of Highland character,
-something of his pride, and the same affectionate disposition. And
-that he had at least a share of his father’s determination, and
-presence of mind is shown by two anecdotes which have been handed
-down with regard to him. One of these refers to his earlier days,
-and is to the effect that, having been attacked by a highwayman one
-night that he was driving over a heath near London, he leant out of
-the window of the chaise, “groped in the dark for the ears of his
-assailant’s horse,” and with the brief but expressive exclamation.
-“Thereut’s-” fired a shot which ended the highwayman’s career. The
-other relates that during the Gordon Riots of 1780 Colonel James
-Murray was seated next Lord George Gordon in the House of Commons
-at the very moment at which the mob threatened to break into the
-House. Colonel Murray with a soldier’s instinct drew his sword,
-pointed it at Lord George, and notwithstanding that he was his
-cousin, declared his intention of running him through the body if
-a single one of the rioters should enter. His promptness saved the
-situation, but he had committed a breach of the privileges of the
-House and was ordered to apologize on bended knee to the Speaker.
-Colonel Murray made the required amende, but on rising from his
-knee took out his handkerchief and dusted it, remarking, “Damned
-Dirty House this; sooner it’s cleaned out the better.”
-
-      Army Lists: Brown’s Highl. Clans, IV, 159, 300, 304, 306.
-      Wilson’s Orderly Book, p. 67. Military History of Perthshire,
-      p. 411-413.
-
-      Stewart of Garth gives the following in regard to General
-      Murray’s wound, received at the capture of Martinique; (page
-      126, Vol. 10.)
-
-      “The musket ball entered his left side, under the lower rib,
-      passed up through the left lobe of the lung, (as ascertained
-      after his death) crossed his chest, and mounting up to his
-      right shoulder, lodged under the scapula. His case being
-      considered desperate, the only object of the surgeon was to
-      make his situation as easy as possible for, the few hours
-      they supposed he had to live; but, to the great surprise
-      of all, he was on his legs in a few weeks, and, before he
-      reached England, was quite recovered, or at least his health
-      and appetite were restored. He was never afterwards, however,
-      able to lie down; and during the thirty-two years of his
-      subsequent life, he slept in an upright posture, supported in
-      his bed by pillows.”
-
-
-_Lord John Murray._
-
-Lord John Murray, born on the 14th of April, 1711, was the eldest
-son of John, first Duke of Atholl, by his second wife, the Hon.
-Mary Ross, and half-brother to John, Marquess of Tullibardine, and
-Lord George Murray. He became an ensign in the 3rd Foot Guards
-(now the Scots Guards) in 1727, and a captain in the same regiment
-in 1738. Immediately after the mutiny of the regiment in 1743 he
-applied for the colonelcy in the 42nd or Black Watch, but he did
-not obtain the appointment he so greatly desired until two years
-later. In July, 1743, he was appointed first aide-de-camp to George
-II and was in attendance on the King in Germany at the close of
-the Dettingen campaign, but returned to England without having
-taken part in any engagements. In April 1745, when at last gazetted
-colonel of the Black Watch, he proceeded to join his regiment in
-Flanders, but arrived too late for Fontenoy. He distinguished
-himself, however, during the subsequent retreat of the British army
-to Brussels, by his defence of a pass which the French attacked
-by night. For this service he was publicly thanked by the Duke
-of Cumberland. In 1745 he returned home with his regiment but in
-1747 he was in the Netherlands taking part in the attempted relief
-of Hulst. After the surrender of the town by the Dutch Governor,
-Lord John commanded the rear-guard in the retreat to Welsharden,
-and shortly afterwards, having been ordered to take part in the
-defence of Bergen-op-Zoom, he was placed in command of the British
-troops in the lines there. At the close of operations he received a
-message of approbation from the King.
-
-[Illustration: From “A Military History of Perthshire”
-
-Lord John Murray, Colonel the Black Watch, 1745 to 1787]
-
-In 1755 he was promoted major-general, and in 1758
-lieutenant-general, but although he offered his services more than
-once, he was not employed abroad during the Seven Years’ War. He
-took the keenest interest, however, in all the exploits of his
-regiment and worked hard to raise a second battalion in 1758.
-Stewart of Garth tells us that when the men who had been disabled
-at Ticonderoga appeared before the Board of Chelsea to claim their
-pensions, Lord John went with them and explained their case in such
-a manner to the commissioners that they were all successful. He
-gave them money, got them a free passage to Perth, and offered a
-house and garden to all who chose to settle on his estate. General
-Stewart also describes how, when the 42nd at last returned from
-America in 1767, Lord John, who had been for weeks at Cork awaiting
-its arrival, marched into that town at its head.
-
-Lord John was a great deal with the regiment while it was quartered
-in Ireland, and, according to Stewart of Garth, was “ever attentive
-to the interest of the officers and vigilant that their promotion
-should not be interrupted by ministerial or other influence.” He
-was also “unremitting in his exertions to procure the appointment
-of good officers, and of officers who understood perfectly the
-peculiar dispositions and character of the men.” For this reason he
-strenuously endeavored to exclude all but the members of Scots--and
-more especially Highland--families. He was equally particular that
-only Gaelic-speaking men and Protestants should be recruited for
-the ranks.
-
-In spite of his military duties Lord John resided a good deal in
-the country--and not only at the home of his boyhood--for early
-in life he bought Pitnacree in Strathtay, and in later years he
-had also a house in Perth. He represented Perthshire in Parliament
-from 1734 to 1761. In 1758 he married Miss Dalton of Bannercross--a
-Derbyshire heiress, by whom he had one daughter. In 1770 he became
-a full general. His last military achievement was the raising in
-1779 and 1780 (at his own expense) of another second battalion to
-the 42nd. This battalion so distinguished itself in India that
-in 1786 it was placed permanently on the establishment under the
-title of the 73rd Regiment. The veteran to whose patriotism it owed
-its existence died on the 26th day of May, 1787, at the age of
-seventy-six, the senior officer in the Army.
-
-Lord John made the most of such chances as occurred of
-distinguishing himself in the field, but those opportunities were
-small for he never served in any war but the Austrian Succession.
-It is therefore as the Colonel of the Black Watch that his name
-has survived--as a man who understood the Highland soldiers well
-enough to wish to command them at a time when to many that might
-have seemed a task of great difficulty--and who, having at last
-obtained the post he desired, completely identified himself with
-the interests of his men, and for upwards of half a century was the
-“friend and supporter of every deserving officer and soldier in the
-regiment.”
-
-      Military History of Perthshire, page 382-384.
-
-
-_John Reid._
-
-John Reid was the eldest son of Alexander Robertson of Straloch,
-but the head of the family had always been known as “Baron Reid”
-and the General and his younger brother, Alexander (who was an
-officer in the 42nd), adopted the more distinctive surname early
-in life. He was born at Inverchroskie in Strathardle, on the 13th
-of February, 1721, and received his early education at Perth.
-Being destined for the law, he was afterwards sent to Edinburgh
-University. Nature, however, had intended him for a soldier, and
-in June, 1745, having recruited the necessary quota of men, he
-obtained a commission as lieutenant in Loudon’s Highlanders. He was
-taken prisoner at Prestonpans the following September, but when
-released the following spring he rejoined his regiment and was able
-to render important service to the Government. From 1747 to 1748 he
-served in Flanders with Loudon’s Highlanders and took part in the
-defence of Bergen-op-Zoom, but on the reduction of his regiment at
-the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle he was placed on half-pay. In 1751 he
-bought a captain-lieutenant’s commission in the Black Watch and in
-1752 a commission as captain in the same regiment. Four years later
-on the outbreak of the war with France, he sailed with his regiment
-to America. He was not present at the first attack on Ticonderoga
-as he had been left behind sick at Albany, and his company was
-commanded in that desperate engagement by Captain James Murray.
-In 1759, Reid, by that time a major, took part in the second
-advance to Lake Champlain, which resulted in the surrender of Forts
-Ticonderoga and Crown Point; and on him devolved the command of the
-42nd during the greater part of the campaign of 1760 which ended
-with the capture of Montreal and the expulsion of the French from
-Canada.
-
-Reid remained in America with the 42nd until Dec., 1761, when he
-accompanied it to the West Indies. He served in the capture of
-Martinique and at the storming of Morne Tortenson, on Jan. 24,
-1762, was in command of the 1st Battalion of his regiment. His
-battalion suffered heavy loss and he was wounded in two places, but
-recovered in time to take part in the expedition against Havana of
-that same year. After the surrender of Cuba he returned to America.
-In 1764 Reid acted as second-in-command of Colonel Bouquet’s
-arduous but successful expedition against the Indians on the Ohio
-and Muskingum Rivers. In the following year we hear of him fitting
-out an expedition which was to be sent to the Illinois country
-under the command of Captain Thomas Stirling of the 42nd.
-
-About 1760, Reid married an American lady of Scots descent, Susanna
-Alexander, daughter of James Alexander, surveyor-general of New
-York and New Jersey. She owned property on Otter Creek in what is
-now the State of Vermont, which was added to and improved by her
-husband with the result that at the end of ten years Reid owned
-“about thirty-five thousand acres of very valuable land” near Crown
-Point and had “obtained from the Governor and Council of New York a
-warrant of survey for fifteen thousand more,” which he intended to
-“erect” into a manor.
-
-In 1767 the Royal Highland Regiment left America for Ireland and
-Reid presumably accompanied it. In 1770 Reid retired on half-pay,
-intending no doubt to settle down to the enjoyment and improvement
-of his American estates. However, in 1772 his tenants were expelled
-by the people of Bennington “on the pretence of having claim to
-that country under the Government of New Hampshire, notwithstanding
-that the King in Council had, ten years before, decreed Connecticut
-River to be the Eastern Boundary of New York.” In 1775 war broke
-out with the American colonists, and though his case finally came
-before the Commissioners for American Claims, the only compensation
-awarded him was a trifling allowance for mills he had erected and
-for fees he had paid for surveys. In May, 1778 his father’s estate,
-Straloch, passed under the hammer as he was unable to pay the
-mortgages and his son could give him no help.
-
-Notwithstanding that he was a comparatively poor man, in 1779-1780
-Reid raised at his own expense a regiment of foot, of which he
-was appointed colonel. This was called the 95th and was disbanded
-in 1783. In 1781 Reid was promoted major-general, and in 1793 a
-lieutenant-general. He was appointed colonel of the 88th Regiment
-(Connaught Rangers) in November, 1794, and became a general in
-1798. In 1803, when an invasion was hourly expected, Reid, in
-response to an order that all general officers not employed on the
-staff should transmit their addresses to the Adjutant-General,
-wrote that though in the eighty-second years of his age “and very
-deaf and infirm,” he was still ready to use his feeble arm in
-defence of his country. He died in the Haymarket on the 6th of
-February, 1807, and was buried in St. Margaret’s, Westminster.
-
-The General would probably have had but little property to dispose
-of at his death, had he not in 1796 succeeded to a valuable estate
-of some four or five thousand acres in Nova Scotia, which was
-left to him by his cousin, Gen. John Small, “as a mark of ...
-respect ... and attachment to the preservation of his name and
-representation for succeeding ages.” Reid’s daughter had made
-a marriage of which he disapproved, she had no children, and
-his only brother had died in 1762 during the siege of Havana.
-It was probably these circumstances that induced him to realize
-the property in Nova Scotia and at the time of his death he was
-worth some £52,000. This entire fortune, went after the death of
-his daughter, to the University of Edinburgh to found a musical
-professorship. He also left directions that a concert should be
-given annually on or about his birthday to commence with several
-pieces of his own composition, among the first of which is that
-of the “Garb of Old Gaul,” a composition written by Sir Charles
-Erskine, but set to music by Reid while major of the 42nd, and
-which has ever since been a regimental march.
-
-Reid also composed several military marches and was esteemed the
-best gentleman player on the German flute in England. It may
-safely be predicted that as long as the University exists this old
-Perthshire soldier of the 18th century will be remembered as one of
-its benefactors.
-
-      N. Y. Documentary History IV.
-
-      Military History of Perthshire pp. 387-395.
-
-[Illustration: From “A Military History of Perthshire”
-
-Officers in the Black Watch 1758-9
-
-  MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN SMALL
-
-  _(From a Medallion in the possession of Mrs. Small of Dirnanean)_
-
-  GENERAL SIR THOMAS STIRLING OF ARDOCH AND STROWAN, BART.
-
-  _(From a Miniature in the possession of Captain Graham Stirling
-  of Strowan)_
-
-  GENERAL JOHN REID
-
-  _(From a Portrait in the Music Class-room of Edinburgh
-  University)_]
-
-
-_John Small._
-
-John Small was the third son of Patrick Small, who married
-Magdalen Robertson, sister of Alexander Robertson, the father of
-General John Reid. Reid and Small were thus not only neighbors and
-brother-officers, but first cousins, and were evidently on terms
-of close friendship. Born in Strathardle, Atholl, Scotland, in
-1730, Small, like many of his countrymen of that date, began his
-military career with the Scots Brigade in Holland, being appointed
-a 2nd lieutenant in the Earl of Drumlanrig’s Regiment when it was
-raised for service of the States-General in 1747. How long he
-remained abroad is unknown but it is probable that he returned to
-England when the regiment was reduced in 1752. He did not, however,
-obtain a commission in the British army until four years later,
-when he was appointed lieutenant in the 42nd, just prior to its
-departure for America. So far as is known, Small took part in all
-the campaigns in which his regiment was engaged from 1756 to 1763.
-He fought at Ticonderoga in 1758, served with General Amherst’s
-successful expedition to Lake Champlain in the following year, and
-took part in the operations which completed the conquest of Canada
-in 1760. After the surrender of Montreal he was sent in charge of
-French prisoners to New York, and we learn from a brother officer
-that General Amherst had great confidence in him, and frequently
-employed him “on particular services.” Two years later he served in
-the capture of Martinique and Havana and obtained his promotion as
-captain.
-
-At the peace of 1763 Small was placed on half-pay, but, according
-to General Stewart, he was almost immediately put on the full-pay
-list of the North British Fusiliers (21st) and when in 1767 the
-Black Watch left for Europe, most of the men of that regiment who
-had volunteered to stay in America joined the Fusiliers in order to
-serve under Small, who was “deservedly popular” with them. Small,
-however, cannot have served long with the 21st, for in the same
-year in which the Black Watch left America he was appointed “major
-of brigade” to the forces in North America. It was probably during
-the interval between the Seven Years’ War and the war with the
-Americans that he began to acquire the property in Nova Scotia,
-part of which he afterwards bequeathed to his cousin, John Reid.
-We have some indication that during this period he interested
-himself in local politics and formed the friendship of at least one
-American which was of value to him later.
-
-Small served throughout the War of Independence though but rare
-glimpses are obtained of him. He was present as a brigade-major
-at the battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1777, and in the course of
-that day his life was saved by the American General Putnam, who,
-seeing Small standing alone at a time when all around him had
-fallen, struck up the barrels of his men’s muskets to save his
-life. Shortly after this, Small raised the 2nd battalion of the
-Royal Highland Regiment and was appointed major-commandant. In 1778
-the regiment was numbered the 84th and in 1780 he was promoted
-to lieutenant-colonel-commandant of his battalion. He is said to
-have joined Sir Henry Clinton at New York in 1779, but it is more
-probable that he was stationed for the most part in Nova Scotia. In
-March, 1783, Small and his battalion were at Fort Edward, New York,
-and in the following autumn the battalion was disbanded at Windsor,
-Nova Scotia, where many of the men settled and formed the present
-town of Douglas.
-
-Small, once more on half-pay, returned home and in 1790 was
-promoted colonel and three years later was appointed lieutenant
-governor of Guernsey. In October, 1794, he became major-general and
-on the 17th of March, 1796, he died in Guernsey and was buried in
-the church of St. Peter Port.
-
-General Stewart of Garth wrote of General John Small that “No
-chief of former days ever more fairly secured the attachment
-of his clan, and no chief, certainly, ever deserved it better.
-With an enthusiastic and almost romantic love for his country
-and countrymen, it seemed as if the principal object of his life
-had been to serve them, and promote prosperity. Equally brave in
-leading them in the field, and kind, just, and conciliating in
-quarters, they would have indeed been ungrateful if they regarded
-him otherwise than as they did. There was not an instance of
-desertion in his battalion.”
-
-      Stewart II, 143. Military Hist. of Perthshire, pp. 396-399.
-
-
-_James Stewart of Urrard._
-
-James Stewart of Urrard, obtained a company in the 42nd, July 18th,
-1757. He was wounded at Ticonderoga, 1758. He sold out after the
-peace.
-
-      Stewart I, 306, 359. N. Y. Col. MSS., p. 729, Vol. 10.
-
-
-_Thomas Stirling._
-
-Thomas Stirling, second son of Sir Henry Stirling, of Ardoch, was
-born October 8, 1731. He began his military career in the Dutch
-service, being given a commission as ensign in the 1st Battalion
-of Col. Marjoribanks’ Regiment on the 30th of September, 1747,
-and was probably placed on half-pay when the establishment of the
-Scots Brigade was reduced in 1752. On the 24th of July, 1757,
-having been nominated by James, Duke of Atholl, and having raised
-the requisite number of men, he was gazetted captain of one of
-the three companies added to the 42nd in that year. In November,
-1757, he sailed for America, where he served with his regiment in
-the campaigns of the ensuing years, though he was not present at
-the first attack on Ticonderoga, owing to the fact that the new
-companies had been left behind to garrison Fort Edward. He took
-part in the capture of Martinique in 1762 and was wounded but was
-able to serve in the capture of Havana later in that year. He
-returned with his regiment to America and in August, 1765, was sent
-in command of a company to take possession of Fort de Chartes on
-the Mississippi. After holding this fort that winter and spring,
-he returned with his detachment to the regiment in June, 1766. The
-following year the 42nd left America and for upwards of eight years
-was quartered in Ireland, after which it was for a short time in
-Scotland. In 1770 Stirling was gazetted major of the regiment, and
-1771 lieutenant-Colonel-commandant. Hostilities broke out with the
-Americans in 1775, and, Stirling, having in five months raised the
-strength of his regiment from 350 men to 1,200, returned with it in
-the following spring to America, where he commanded it continuously
-for three years during the war. He took part in the engagement
-at Brooklyn, the attack on Fort Washington, the expedition to
-Pennsylvania, battle of Monmouth, and others. During 1778-9 he
-was stationed at or near New York. In June, 1779, he accompanied
-a force under General Mathews through New Jersey in an attempt to
-rally the supposed loyalists of that state. This was unsuccessful
-and ended in the destruction of the town of Springfield. General
-Stirling was so severely wounded while leading the attack that he
-could take no further part in the war. His thigh was broken and
-fearing to be rendered incapable of further service he refused
-to have it amputated. He recovered and was invalided home but he
-does not appear after this to have been ever again fit for active
-duty. In 1782 he was promoted major-general and appointed colonel
-of the 71st Foot, but his regiment was disbanded the following
-year. His services were rewarded with a baronetcy and in 1790,
-he became colonel of the 41st Regiment. In 1796 he was promoted
-lieutenant-general, and in 1799 he succeeded his brother in the
-baronetcy of Ardock. He attained the rank of general in 1801 and
-died unmarried on the 9th of May, 1808.
-
-
-_Kenneth Tolmie._
-
-Kenneth Tolmie was commissioned a lieutenant in the 42nd
-Highlanders, 23rd January, 1756, and promoted to the Command of a
-Company 27th July, 1760. His name is dropped after the Peace of
-1763.
-
-      Wilson’s Orderly Book, p. 166.
-
-
-_Alexander Turnbull._
-
-Alexander Turnbull of Stracathro, appointed ensign, June 3, 1752;
-lieutenant, Sept. 27, 1756; captain, Aug. 14, 1762. After 11 years
-of service, he went on half-pay in 1763; full pay of the 32nd Foot.
-He died in 1804 with rank of major.
-
-      Stewart of Garth, Appendix.
-
-
-K
-
-ORIGINAL REGIMENTAL LIST OF THE BLACK WATCH.
-
-_From A Military History of Perthshire, pages 51, 52, and The Black
-Watch Chronicle, 1913, pages 6-8._
-
-
-_No. 1 Company._
-
-  Colonel and Captain John, Earl of Crawford. Died 1748.
-
-  Captain-Lieutenant Duncan Mackfarland. Retired 1744.
-
-  Ensign Gilbert Stewart of Kincraigie.
-
-
-_No. 2 Company._
-
-  Lieutenant-Colonel and Captain Sir Robert Munro, Bart., of
-  Foulis. Killed at Falkirk 1746.
-
-  Lieutenant Paul Macferson.
-
-  Ensign Archibald Macknab, younger son of the Laird of Macnab.
-  Died Lieut. General, 1790.
-
-
-_No. 3 Company._
-
-  Major and Captain George Grant. Removed from the service by
-  sentence of Court-martial, 1746.
-
-  Lieutenant John MacKenzie of Rencraig (? Kincraig).
-
-  Ensign Collin Campbell.
-
-
-_No. 4 Company._
-
-  Captain Collin Campbell, Jr., of Monzie. Retired 1743.
-
-  Lieutenant Alexander Macdonald.
-
-  Ensign James Campbell of Glenfalloch. Died of wounds at Fontenoy.
-
-
-_No. 5 Company._
-
-  Captain James Colquhoun of Luss. Promoted to be Major. Retired in
-  1748.
-
-  Lieutenant George Ramsay.
-
-  Ensign James Campbell of Stronslanie.[44]
-
-
-_No. 6 Company._
-
-  Captain John Campbell of Carrick. Killed at Fontenoy.
-
-  Lieutenant John MacLean of Kingairloch.
-
-  Ensign Dougall Stewart (of Appin?).
-
-
-_No. 7 Company._
-
-  Captain Collin Campbell of Balliemore. Retired.
-
-  Lieutenant Malcom Frazer, son of Culduthel.[45] Killed at
-  Bergen-op-Zoom, 1747.
-
-  Ensign Dougal Stewart.
-
-
-_No. 8 Company._
-
-  Captain George Munro of Culcairn, brother of Foulis. Killed 1746.
-
-  Lieutenant Lewis Grant of Auchterblair.
-
-  Ensign John Menzies of Comrie.
-
-
-_No. 9 Company._
-
-  Captain Dougal Campbell of Craignish. Retired in 1745.
-
-  Lieutenant John Mackneil.
-
-  Ensign Gordon Graham of Draines.[46]
-
-
-_No. 10 Company._
-
-  Captain John Monro of Newmore. Promoted to be Lt. Col. 1743;
-  retired 1749.
-
-  Lieutenant Francis Grant, son of the Laird of Grant.[47] Died
-  Lieut.-General 1782.
-
-  Ensign Edward Carrick.
-
-  Surgeon George Monro.
-
-  Quarter Master John Forbes.
-
-  Chaplain Hon. Gideon Murray.
-
-  Adjutant John Lindsay.[48]
-
-
-L
-
-OFFICERS OF THE 42ND ROYAL HIGHLAND REGIMENT AS COPIED FROM THE
-BRITISH ARMY LIST, PUBLISHED 20TH JUNE, 1759.
-
-  Col. Lord Jno. Murray, Lt. Gen.
-
-  Lt. Col. Francis Grant.
-  Major Gordon Graham.
-  Capt. John Reid.
-  Capt. John McNeil.
-  Capt. Allan Campbell.
-  Capt. Thomas Graeme.
-  Capt. James Abercrombie.
-  Capt. John Campbell.
-  Capt. James Stewart.
-  Capt. James Murray.
-  Capt. Thomas Stirling.
-  Capt. Francis McLean.
-  Capt. Archibald Campbell.
-  Capt. Alexander St. Clair.
-  Capt. William Murray.
-  Capt. John Stuart.
-  Capt. Alexander Reid.
-  Capt. William Grant.
-  Capt. David Haldane.
-  Capt. Lieut. Robert Gray.
-  Lieut. John Campbell.
-  Lieut. Kenneth Tolme.
-  Lieut. James Grant.
-  Lieut. John Graham.
-  Lieut. Alex. Turnbull.
-  Lieut. Alex. Campbell.
-  Lieut. Alex. McIntosh.
-  Lieut. James Gray.
-  Lieut. John Small.
-  Lieut. Arch. Campbell, Sen.
-  Lieut. James Campbell.
-  Lieut. Archibald Lamont.
-  Lieut. David Mills.
-  Lieut. Simon Blair.
-  Lieut. David Barclay.
-  Lieut. Archibald Campbell, Jr.
-  Lieut. Alex Mackay.
-  Lieut. Robert Menzies.
-  Lieut. Patrick Balneavis.
-  Lieut. John Campbell, Sen.
-  Lieut. Alex. McLean.
-  Lieut. George Sinclair.
-  Lieut. John Murray.
-  Lieut. Gordon Clunes.
-  Lieut. James Fraser.
-  Lieut. John Robertson.
-  Lieut. John Grant.
-  Lieut. George Leslie.
-  Lieut. Duncan Campbell.
-  Lieut. Adam Stuart.
-  Lieut. Donald Campbell.
-  Lieut. George Grant.
-  Lieut. James McIntosh.
-  Lieut. Robert Robertson.
-  Lieut. John Smith.
-  Lieut. Peter Grant.
-  Lieut. Alex. Farquharson.
-  Lieut. John Campbell, Jr.
-  Lieut. George Sinclair.
-  Ensign Elbert Herring.
-  Ensign William Brown.
-  Ensign Thomas Fletcher.
-  Ensign Alex. Donaldson.
-  Ensign William McIntosh.
-  Ensign Patrick Sinclair.
-  Ensign Archibald Campbell, Jun.
-  Ensign John Gregor.
-  Ensign Lewis Grant.
-  Ensign Archibald Campbell, Sen.
-  Ensign John Graham.
-  Ensign Allen Grant.
-  Ensign John Leith.
-  Ensign Charles Menzies.
-  Ensign Archibald McNab.
-  Ensign John Chas. St. Clair.
-  Ensign John Gordon.
-  Ensign Neil McLean.
-  Ensign Thomas Cunison.
-  Sergt. Phineas McPherson.
-  Chaplain James Stewart.
-  Adj. James Grant.
-  Aldj. Alex McLean.
-  Quarter Master John Graham.
-  Quarter Master Adam Stewart.
-  Surgeon David Hepburn.
-  Surgeon Robt. Drummond.
-
-  Agt., Mr. Drummond, Spring Garden.
-
-      The following corrections were interlined in ink in the above
-      Army List of 1759, which was found in the British Museum:
-
-      Capt. John Reid was made Major. Aug. 5, 1759.
-      Capt. John Campbell, removed to the 17th.
-      Capt. David Haldane, removed to a Regiment at Jamaica.
-      Lieut. Alexander McLean, made captain of corps of Highlanders.
-      Lieut. George Sinclair, dead.
-      Lieut. George Sinclair, removed to Crawford’s Regiment.
-      Ensign Thomas Fletcher, made lieutenant June 1, 1759.
-      Ensign William McIntosh, removed to Keith’s Corps.
-      Sergt. Phineas McPherson, made ensign June 1, 1759.
-      Lauchlan Johnson, made chaplain 20th August, 1759, in place
-        of James Stewart.
-      Alexander Donaldson, made adjutant 20th March, 1759, in place
-        of Alexander McLean.
-
-
-M
-
-REFERENCES TO THE BLACK WATCH IN THE 1759 CAMPAIGN TAKEN FROM
-“COMMISSARY WILSON’S ORDERLY BOOK.”
-
-Albany, 22 May, 1759. Two companies of the Royal Highland Regiment
-are also to receive batteaux and load them with provision and
-baggage. A sergeant and 12 men of the Rhode Island Regiment are
-to relieve a party of the Royal Highland Regiment at the Half-Way
-House on the way to Schenectady; they are to march tomorrow morning
-and carry six days’ provision with them.
-
-Albany, 23d May, 1759. Three captains of the Royal Highlanders
-summoned among others to a general Court Martial, of which Col.
-Francis Grant was President, to set tomorrow at the Town House in
-Albany at 3 o’clock to try all prisoners that may be brought before
-them.
-
-Albany, 26th May, 1759. An officer and 25 men of the Royal Highland
-Regiment with a week’s provision to be sent this afternoon to Widow
-McGinnes House to protect settlement; one Company of the Royal
-Highland Regiment to march tomorrow morning at 5 o’clock; they will
-take their tents and camp equipage with them, for which a wagon
-will be allowed on sending to Col. Bradstreet for it; the officer
-commanding that company to call upon the General this night. The
-General Court Martial of which Col. Grant is President to meet
-again tomorrow at 8 o’clock.
-
-Albany, 31st May, 1759. The Royal Highland Regiment to march
-tomorrow morning at 5 o’clock to Halfmoon, where they will take the
-artillery under their charge and escort the same to Fort Edward.
-
-Fort Edward, 6th June, 1759. Lieut. Col. Robinson will mark out
-the Camp tomorrow morning at 5 o’clock that the Regiments may
-take up their ground as they arrive; the Regiments to encamp * * *
-Royal Highlanders on the right. A Serj. and 16 men of ye Royal
-Highlanders to take the General’s Guard.
-
-Fort Edward, 7th June, 1759. The Regiments are not to change their
-encampment until the ground be quite dry.
-
-Fort Edward, 8th June, 1759. The Regiments to change their
-encampment this day at 12 o’clock.
-
-Fort Edward, 9th June, 1759. Field Officer for the Picquit
-tomorrow, Major Graham. The Light infantry of the Highland Regiment
-is to practice firing ball tomorrow morning at 6 o’clock, near the
-Royal Block House on the other side of the river.
-
-The Royal Highland Regiment to furnish 2 captains, 6 subs., and 200
-men * * *; this detachment to take batteaux tomorrow morning at
-day break. The Royal Highland Regiment to take 20 batteaux, and 60
-of the 200 men with arms to serve as a covering party. The whole
-to take provisions for tomorrow with them; they are to proceed to
-Col. Haviland’s Camp, opposite to Fort Miller, where the commanding
-officer will apply to Col. Haviland who will order the batteaux
-to be immediately loaded, that the whole party may return to Fort
-Edward without loss of time.
-
-Fort Edward, 10th June, 1759. Field Officer for the Picquit this
-night Major (Gordon) Graham, for tomorrow Major (Allen) Campbell,
-Colonel of the day, Col. (Francis) Grant. Two captains of the Royal
-Highlanders to sit with others in General Court Martial tomorrow
-morning at 8 o’clock, to try such prisoners as are on the Provost
-Guard. The Royal Highlanders and Montgomery’s Regiments to send as
-many men this afternoon at 4 o’clock as are necessary to clean the
-ground where the Light Infantry is to encamp. They will receive
-axes on applying to the store-keeper in the Fort, which they will
-return when they have finished that work.
-
-Fort Edward, 11th June, 1759. Colo. of the day, Col. Grant, Field
-Officer of the Picquits, Major Campbell.
-
-Fort Edward, 12th June, 1759. Block Houses to be relieved tomorrow
-by the Line * * * the one joining the east side of the Bridge by 1
-Sub., 2 Serjts., 2 corpls. and 24 men of the Royal Highlanders; the
-one in the front of the Right of the Royal, one Serjt., one Corpl.
-and 10 men of the Royal Highlanders.
-
-Fort Edward, 13th June, 1759. The Royal Highland Regiment to strick
-their tents tomorrow at Revallie Beating. The Royal Highlanders
-posted in their Block Houses as per ordered of yesterday, to be
-relieved immediately.
-
-Fort Edward, 17th June. The First Battalion Massachusetts to strike
-their tents at Revallie Beating and march half an hour after to the
-Halfway Brook where the commanding officer will put himself under
-the command of Col. Grant.
-
-Fort Edward, 19th June, 1759. The Royal Highlanders will furnish
-one Sub. and 30 men towards the working party required tomorrow to
-repair the roads.
-
-Fort Edward, 20th June. Capt. Campbell of the Royal Highland
-Grenediers is appointed Major to the Battalion of Grenediers for
-the Campaign.
-
-Lake George, 22d June, 1759. The Royal Highlanders to receive one
-day’s fresh beef tomorrow.
-
-Lake George 24th June. Field Officer for tomorrow, Major Graham.
-
-Lake George, 26th June, 1759. The Royal Highlanders to receive 7
-days’ provisions tomorrow.
-
-Lake George, 27th June. Generals Guard tomorrow, Royal Highlanders.
-2 Companies of Grenediers with 2 Companies of Light Infantry
-ordered this morning with as many Rangers and Indians as Maj.
-Rogers can furnish, the whole commanded by Maj. Campbell, to march
-tomorrow two hours before daybreak by the same route Col. Haviland
-took; which post Capt. Johnson will show, and to remain there
-whilst the boats are fishing. They are to take one day’s provisions
-and to go as light as possible as they are not only a covering
-party to the boats, but to attack any body of the enemy they may
-find.
-
-Lake George, 5th July, 1759. A General Court Martial to set
-tomorrow morning at the President’s Tent at 8 o’clock for the trial
-of a man suspected of robbery * * * Major Graham and two captains
-of the Royal Highlanders to attend.
-
-Lake George 8th July, 1759. The Royal Highlanders will take the
-Gen’s Guard tomorrow half an hour after 4.
-
-Lake George, 11th July, 1759. Capt. John Campbell of the Royal
-Highlanders is appointed Major in the late Forbes, and is to be
-obeyed as such. Royal Highlanders to receive 35 batteaux. Oars and
-whatever else belongs to the batteaux will be delivered at the same
-time. Each batteaux will carry 12 barrels of flour or 9 of pork
-when ordered to load, and it is supposed will have about 20 men or
-a few more in each battoe.
-
-Lake George, 12th July. A General Court Martial of the Regulars to
-be held tomorrow morning at 6 o’clock. Col. Grant President, Major
-John Campbell to attend.
-
-Lake George, 13th July. Colonel of the Day tomorrow, Col. Grant.
-Field Officer tomorrow night, Major Graham. Generals Guard
-tomorrow, Royal Highlanders. The General Court Martial of which
-Col. Grant was President, is dissolved. Royal Highlanders to
-receive a proportion of flour for five days which they are to get
-baked tomorrow and keep.
-
-Lake George, 19th July, 1759. The Royal Highlanders one of the
-Regiments appointed to sit in general Court Martial tomorrow at
-6 o’clock. The Regiments to load their batteaux tomorrow morning
-beginning at 5 o’clock in the following manner, Montgomery’s Pork,
-Royal Highlanders, Flour, * * * two regiments to load at a time,
-one flour and one pork, and to be allowed an hour for loading, and
-when loaded to return to their stations.
-
-Lake George, 20th July, 1759. For the day this day, Regulars, Col.
-Grant. On landing the Col. Grant to take the command of the late
-Forbes’ Brigade.
-
-Camp near Ticonderoga, 22d July. For the Picquit tomorrow night,
-Major Graham.
-
-Camp before Ticonderoga, 23d July, 1759. Collo. of the day
-tomorrow, Collo. Grant. Field Officer of the Picquits this night,
-Major Graham.
-
-Camp at Ticonderoga, 24th July, 1759. Serjt. Murray of the Royal
-Highland Regiment is appointed to oversee people making Fasciens,
-and to keep an account of the number made.
-
-Camp at Ticonderoga, 25th July, 1759. The following carpenters
-* * * James Frazer, George McDougall, James Frazer, John McColme,
-John Robinson, James Cumming, and James McDonald of the Royal
-Highlanders to be at the sawmills tomorrow at 5 o’clock and
-if Capt. Loreing should not be there they will receive their
-directions from Brigadier Ruggles.
-
-The Royal Highland Regiment to draw tomorrow early two days bisquit
-and two days pork, bisquit in lieu of flour, which completes them
-to the 28th inclusive.
-
-Ticonderoga, 26th July, 1759. Adjutant for the day tomorrow Royal
-Highlands.
-
-Ticonderoga, 28th July, 1759. A General Court Martial of the line
-to be held at the President’s tent at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.
-Col. Grant, President, two Majors and ten Captains, two of whom
-were from the Royal Highlanders.
-
-Ticonderoga, 29th July, 1759. The ovens to be given for the use of
-troops in the following manner:-- * * * No. 2 to the Inniskilling
-and Royal Highlanders. No bakers but such as those Corps imploy to
-make in any of those ovens. The Royal Highland Regiments to strick
-their tents and march immediately to the Landing Place, and they
-will send their tents and baggage in batteaux.
-
-Ticonderoga, 1st August, 1759. As a number of shoes are come up,
-intended for the use of the Army, and will be delivered to them
-at the prime cost in England, which three shillings and six pence
-per pair. The Regiments may receive in the following manner and
-proportion, or as many of that proportion as they like to take by
-applying to Mr. Tucker, agent to Mr. Kilby at the Landing Place.
-Royal Highlanders 366.
-
-Capt. Reid is appointed Major to the Royal Highland Regiment.
-
-Crown Point, 5th August, 1759. Collo. of the day tomorrow Regulars
-Collo. Grant; Field officer for the Picquits tomorrow night Maj.
-Reid.
-
-Crown Point, 6th August, 1759. Adjutant of the day tomorrow Royal
-Highlanders. As twenty-four barrels of Spruce beer is come to
-the fort the corps may send for it immediately in the following
-proportions * * * Royal Highlanders, three barrels.
-
-Crown Point, 7th August, 1759. Corporal Sinclair of the Highlanders
-and Parceloo of the Inniskilling Regiment with 16 leabours used to
-digging to attend Lieut. Gray Tomorrow at 5 o’clock; the evening
-gun is the signal for the working party to leave of work.
-
-Crown Point, 8th August, 1759. The Regulars to receive 4 days
-provisions tomorrow of pork, beginning at Revallie Beating by
-Forbes followed by Royal Highlanders, etc. It is concluded that
-they have their bread from Ticonderoga as was ordered.
-
-Crown Point, 10th August, 1759. Ens. Gregor of the Royal
-Highlanders * * * are appointed overseers of the works that are
-carrying on at the fort. They will attend Lieut. Col. Eyre tomorrow
-morning at 5 o’clock and follow such directions as they shall
-receive from him.
-
-Crown Point, 11th August, 1759. Collo. of the day tomorrow, Collo.
-Grant. For the building of the fort the following quarriers * * *
-five of the Royal Highlanders * * * to attend Lieut. Col. Eyre
-tomorrow morning at the hour of work, and are to continue daily to
-work as quarriers.
-
-Crown Point, 12th August, 1759. Adjutant of the Day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 14th August, 1759. Field officer for the work
-tomorrow, Major Reid.
-
-Crown Point, 15th August, 1759. The following Surgeons Mates are to
-join the Regiments and serve as Mates in room of Officers serving
-as such; Mr. Goldthwat an additional Mate in the Royal Highlanders
-to be put on the establishment of Forbe’s, Mr. Carter to the Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 16th August, 1759. The following sawiers are to attend
-Lieut. Col. Eyre tomorrow at 5 o’clock: * * * Royal Highlanders,
-Robert Kennedy, John McFarling and Robert Bain. The following
-masons are likewise to attend Lieut. Col. Eyre tomorrow morning
-at 5 o’clock: * * * Royal Highlanders, Dougal McKeafter and John
-Stewart. The above artificers are to work daily and to follow such
-directions as they shall receive from Lieut. Col. Eyre.
-
-Crown Point, 17th August, 1759. Collo. of the day tomorrow, Collo.
-Grant. The following masons to attend Lieut. Col. Eyre tomorrow
-morning at five o’clock; * * * Royal Highlanders Angus McDonald and
-William Milligan.
-
-Crown Point, 18th August, 1759. Adjutant of the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 24th Aug., 1759. Adjutant of the day, tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 27th August, 1759. The following soldiers to attend
-Lieut. Eyre tomorrow morning at 5 o’clock and to take their
-directions from him; Royal Highlanders, John Fraser, John McElvore,
-James Bruce, Allex’r Sutherland.
-
-Crown Point, 28th Aug. Field Officer of the work tomorrow, Major
-Reid.
-
-Crown Point, 30 August, 1759. Adjutant of the day, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 1st Sept. Collo. of the day, tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-
-Crown Point, 3d September, 1759. John McNeal, Grenadier in Royal
-Highland Regiment, * * * to attend Lieut. Col. Eyre this day at 12
-o’clock and to follow such directions as he shall give.
-
-Crown Point, 4th Sept., 1759. Collo. of the day, tomorrow, Collo.
-Grant. Field Officer for the work, Major Reid. The men of the Royal
-Highland Regiment who have been employed in making baskets will
-be paid for the same by the Quartermaster’s applying to Mr. Gray
-this afternoon after the work is over. The Regiments to receive
-tomorrow morning two pounds of fresh meat and one pound of rice for
-the number of men set opposite the names of each corps, and the
-Regiments are to apply said fresh beef and rice entirely for the
-use of the sick. Royal Highlanders 22.
-
-Crown Point, 5th Sept., 1759. Field Officer for the works tomorrow,
-Major Reid. Adjutant of the day, tomorrow, Royal Highlanders.
-Allex’r Forbes of the Royal Highlanders, mason, to accompany Lieut.
-Col. Eyre tomorrow and follow such directions as he shall give.
-
-Crown Point, 6th Sept. Serjt. Clark of the Royal Highlanders to be
-one of the four sergeants to attend the works daily and to receive
-directions from Lieut. Col. Eyre.
-
-Crown Point, 7th Sept. For the day, tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-
-Crown Point, 11th Sept. Adjutant of the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders. A general court martial of the Regulars to sit
-tomorrow at the President’s Tent at 8 o’clock; Collo. Foster,
-President, Major John Campbell, Major Reid, * * * one captain of
-the Royal Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 12th Sept. A detachment of 100 Grenadiers, 30 of
-the Light Infantry of Regiments, non-commissioned officers in
-proportion to be commanded by a captain of the Grenadiers and 2
-Subalterns of each Corps to parade tomorrow at Revallie beating on
-the left of the front of the light infantry and to take 30 batteaux
-to Ticonderoga where he is to apply to the Commissary and load 15
-with 30 barrels of flour in each batteaux, the other 15 with 16
-barrels of pork each. The Royal Highland Regiment to furnish the
-batteaux and the captain commanding the party will see them this
-night that they may be ready to set off at Revallie beating and to
-return as soon as they are loaded.
-
-Crown Point, 15th Sept., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-Field Officer for the Picquits this night, Regulars Major Reid.
-Field Officer for the works tomorrow, Major John Campbell.
-
-Crown Point, 16th Sept., 1759. Field Officer for the works
-tomorrow, Major Reid.
-
-Crown Point, 17th Sept. Adjutant of the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 18th Sept., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-
-Crown Point, 21st Sept., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-For the Picquits this night, Major Reid. Field Officer for the
-works tomorrow, Major John Campbell.
-
-Crown Point, 23d Sept., 1759. Adjutant of the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 25th Sept. Lieut. Tolmey of the Royal Highlanders is
-appointed Overseer for the work on the fort and to receive his
-directions from Lieut. Col. Eyre.
-
-Crown Point, 26th Sept., 1759. Field officer for the Picquits this
-night, Major John Campbell; tomorrow night, Major Reid.
-
-[Illustration: AT TICONDEROGA
-
-LORD HOWE MONUMENT, (TROUT BROOK.) TICONDEROGA, N. Y.
-
-Boulder in Academy Park to the Heroes of the Four Nations--Indian,
-French, British and American who fought at Ticonderoga.
-
-Monument marking the spot at the mouth of Trout Brook, where Lord
-Howe was supposed to have fallen.
-
-(Both Boulder and Monument were erected by the late Rev. Joseph
-Cook)]
-
-Crown Point, 27th Sept., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-Field Officer for the Picquits this night, Major Reid.
-
-Crown Point, 29th Sept. Adjutant for the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 30th Sept., 1759. Collo. for the day tomorrow, Collo.
-Grant.
-
-Crown Point, 2d Oct., 1759. Field Officer for the Picquits this
-night, Major John Campbell; tomorrow night, Major Reid.
-
-Crown Point, 3d October. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant. Field
-Officer for the Picquits this night, Major Reid. Field Officer for
-the works tomorrow, John Campbell. A General Court martial of the
-Regulars to sit at the President’s tent tomorrow at 9 o’clock * * *
-two captains of the Royal Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 5th Oct., 1759. Adjutant of the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 6th Oct., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-The regular regiments to give in their cartridges that are damaged
-this day to the artillery and to receive as much powder, paper,
-ball and twine as will compleat their ammunition. The Royal
-Highlanders 475.
-
-Crown Point, 7th October. The Regiments to prepare their batteaux
-to the following numbers and to have their sails fixed according to
-patern Col. Haviland approved of; * * * Royal Highlanders 24, * * *
-
-Crown Point, 8th October. Royal Highlanders are to take two
-batteaux more than what were ordered yesterday.
-
-Crown Point, 9th October. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant. Field
-Officer for Picquits this night, Major Reid. The undermentioned
-Corps are to send a batteaux each at Retreat beating to Ticonderoga
-to receive tomorrow morning the following number of loaves weighing
-six pounds and a half each; they are to pay to the person Gen.
-Lyman appoints to receive the money the following sums being one
-penny sterling for baking seven pounds of flour: Royal Highlanders
-460 loaves, 1; 7; 8 Sterling. * * *
-
-The Royal Highlanders are to leave Subaltern Officer each,
-exclusive of officers employed as overseers at the King’s Works,
-with three Sergeants, three Corp’ls each with the men that are left
-behind; when the Regiments march, the officers and men of each
-corps will encamp on the Center of the encampment of the Corps *
-* * and a sentry to be kept in the encampment that nothing may
-be spoiled or taken away during the absence of the Regiment. The
-Regiments are to give the following numbers for the Brig and Sloop
-and will send seamen if they have them: For the Brig, * * * Royal
-Highlanders 14 men.
-
-Crown Point, 11th Oct., 1759. Adjutant of the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Lake Shamplaine, 15th Oct., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo.
-Grant.
-
-Ligonier Bay, 14th Oct., 1759. Field Officer for the Picquit this
-night, Major John Campbell; tomorrow night, Major Reid.
-
-Lake Shamplaine, 15th Oct., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo.
-Grant. Field Officer for the Picquits this night, Major Reid.
-
-Camp at Schuylers Island, 18th Oct., 1759. For the day tomorrow,
-Collo. Grant.
-
-Crown Point, 22nd Oct., 1759. Adjutant of the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 25th October. 22 men of the Royal Highlanders are to
-be sent to the Hospital at Fort Edward. * * * The surgeon of the
-Royal Highlanders is to attend them to Fort Edward, a Corporal
-and 6 men of the Royal Highlanders with one batteaux * * * are to
-convey the sick to the Sawmills, where the officer will leave the
-batteau with Lieut. Col. Miller and march the sick to the Landing
-Place.
-
-Crown Point, 27th Oct., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-Field Officer for the Picquits this night, Major Reid.
-
-Crown Point, 28th Oct., 1759. Adjutant for the day tomorrow, Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 30th October. Officer for the day, tomorrow, Collo.
-Grant. A General Court martial to be held at the President’s Tent
-tomorrow at 9 o’clock to try all such prisoners as shall be brought
-before them; Col. Grant, President, * * * One Captain of the Royal
-Highlanders.
-
-Crown Point, 31st Oct., 1759. Field Officer for the Picquits this
-night, Major Reid. The General Court martial of which Collo. Grant
-was President is dissolved; the Prisoners of the Royal Highland
-Regiment is acquitted.
-
-Crown Point, 1st Nov., 1759. For the day tomorrow, Collo. Grant.
-
-Crown Point, 3d Nov., 1759. For the Picquits tomorrow night,
-Major John Campbell; for the works tomorrow, Major John Campbell;
-Adjutant of the day tomorrow, Royal Highlanders.
-
-
-N
-
-COLONEL ROGER TOWNSHEND.
-
-Roger Townshend, fifth son of Charles Viscount Townshend, and
-younger brother of Gen’l George Townshend (afterwards 4th Viscount
-and 1st Marquis) to whom Quebec surrendered when Wolfe was killed,
-was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel 1st Feb., 1758, and served as
-Adjutant-General in the Expedition against Louisbourg, and Deputy
-Adjutant-General in this Campaign with Rank of Colonel. He was
-killed in the Trenches before Ticonderoga by a cannon ball on the
-25th July, 1759, and his remains were transmitted to Albany for
-interment. His spirit and military knowledge justly entitled him to
-the esteem of every soldier; and accordingly the loss of him was
-universally lamented.
-
-      Knox I, 360, 289, 401, 403.
-
-      Wilson’s Orderly Book, page 77.
-
-
-_Supplement to the New York Mercury, Tuesday, July 31, 1759._
-
-Extract from a letter dated Albany, July 29, 1759.
-
-  “The same evening (July 27), an Express arrived from Ticonderoga,
-  with an account of Colonel Townshend being killed, in
-  reconnoitering the Fort, by a cannon ball.
-
-       *       *       *       *       *
-
-  Yesterday about 12 o’clock, Colonel Townshend’s corpse arrived
-  here, and was decently interred.”
-
-In the “Church Book” St. Peter’s, Albany, appears the following
-entry:
-
-  1759 July 30  To cash received for braking ground in the
-                church to lay the body of Coll. Townson      £5/0/0
-                To cash ret for Paull                             9
-
-_The following is a copy of the inscription on the monument to Col.
-Townshend in Westminster Abbey_
-
-                   “This Monument was erected
-                    By a disconsolate Parent
-                 The Lady Viscountess Townshend
-                 To the Memory of her Fifth Son
-           The Hon’ble Lieut. Colonel Roger Townshend
-                who was killed by a Cannon Ball
-     on the 25th of July, 1759, in the 28th year of his age
-    as he was reconnoitering ye French lines at Ticonderoga
-                        In North America
-           From the Parent the Brother and the Friend
-                His sociable and amiable manners
-                    His enterprizing Bravery
-                 And the Integrity of His Heart
-              May claim the tribute of affliction
-                     Yet Stranger weep not
-                  For tho’ premature His Death
-                     His life was glorious
-                  Enrolling Him with the names
-           of those Immortal Statesmen and Commanders
-                  Whose wisdom and Intrepidity
-     In the course of this Comprehensive and Successful War
-                   Have Extended the Commerce
-            And upheld the Majesty of these Kingdoms
-              Beyond the idea of any former age.”
-
-
-[Illustration: Monument to Lieut. Colonel Roger Townshend in
-Westminster Abbey (The Bayonet on Monument found on battlefield of
-Ticonderoga and placed on memorial by Dean Stanley)]
-
-_The following is an extract from a letter from the head verger of
-Westminster Abbey_
-
-  “I should like to draw your attention to the broken bayonet in
-  the upper part of the Townshend monument. It is a relic of the
-  struggle between the French and English in North America and it
-  comes from Ticonderoga and may have been used in that particular
-  ‘march to Ticonderoga, where Col. Townshend was killed.’ It was
-  given to Dean Stanley when in America and he fixed it on the
-  monument as he did the wreath of leaves on the monument of Major
-  Andre.
-
-  Lord Eversley, who when H. M. first Commissioner of Works was
-  the Rt. Hon. J. G. Shaw Lefevre--is much struck by the Townshend
-  inscription, especially the latter part, which, he has told me,
-  is worthy of Edmund Burke and which I know he would like to
-  attribute to that great orator and statesman.”
-
-
-O
-
-BIBLIOGRAPHY.
-
-A Military History of Perthshire, 1660-1902. Edited by the
-Marchioness of Tullibardine. Perth R. A. & J. Hay, 1908.
-
-Chronicles of the Atholl and Tullibardine Families. Collected and
-arranged by John, Seventh Duke of Atholl, K. T., in Five Volumes.
-Ballantyne Press, 1908.
-
-Sketches of the Character, Manners and Present State of the
-Highlanders of Scotland, with details of the Military Service
-of the Highland Regiments, by Colonel David Stewart (of Garth),
-Edinburgh. Archibald, Constable & Co., 1822.
-
-The Scottish Highlands, Highland Clans and Regiments, by John S.
-Keltie, F. S. A. S. Edinburgh, A. Fullerton & Co.
-
-The Regimental Records of the British Army, by John S. Farmer,
-London, Grant Richards, 1901.
-
-An Historical Account of the Settlements of Scotch Highlanders
-in America, etc., by J. P. MacLean, Ph. D. Cleveland, The
-Helmar-Taylor Co., Glasgow, John MacKay, 1900.
-
-Historical Record of the 42nd or Royal Highland Regiment of Foot,
-1729-1844. Illustrated. London, Parker, 1845.
-
-Historical Record of the 73rd Regiment, 1780-1851. Illustrated.
-London. Parker, 1851.
-
-Chronology and Book of Days of the 42nd Royal Highlanders, The
-Black Watch, 1729-1905. Berwick-on-Tweed, Martin’s Printing Works,
-1906.
-
-History of Black Watch. Johnston, 1893.
-
-The Black Watch. The Record of an Historic Regiment, by Archibald
-Forbes, LL. D. Cassell & Co., 1910.
-
-Black Watch Episode of the Year 1731, by H. D. MacWilliam.
-Johnston, 1908.
-
-Short History of the Black Watch, 1725-1907. Blackwood, 1908.
-
-The Official Records of the Mutiny in the Highland Regiment
-(The Black Watch), A London Incident of the Year 1743, by H. D.
-MacWilliam. Johnston, 1910.
-
-Legends of the Black Watch, by James Grant, Routledge, 1904.
-
-Knox’s Journal.
-
-Brown’s Highland Clans.
-
-Beaston’s Naval and Military Memoirs.
-
-A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen. Chambers. Glasgow,
-1832-35.
-
-Pennsylvania Colonial Records.
-
-Correspondence of William Pitt when Secretary of State, with
-Colonial Governors, etc., by Gertrude Selwyn Kimball. MacMillan,
-1906.
-
-Commissary Wilson’s Orderly Book. Expedition of the British
-and Provincial Army under Maj. Gen. Jeffrey Amherst, against
-Ticonderoga and Crown Point, 1759. Albany, J. Munsell. London,
-Trubner Co., 1857.
-
-New York Colonial Manuscript, by Broadhead, Weed, Parsons & Co.,
-Albany, 1856.
-
-History of Canada. Translated from L’Histoire du Canada by F. N.
-Garneau, by Andrew Bell. Richard Worthington & Son, Montreal, 1866.
-
-Illustrated Histories of the Scottish Regiments by Lieut. Colonel
-Percy Groves. Illustrated by Harry Payne. Edinburgh, 1893.
-
-The Regimental Records of the 1st and 2nd Battalions The Black
-Watch.
-
-The Regimental Records of the Perthshire Militia, now the 3rd
-Battalion, The Black Watch.
-
-Cannon’s Official History of the 42nd, 1729-1844.
-
-Cannon’s Official History of the 73rd, 1779-1850.
-
-The Annual Register.
-
-Records and Badges of the British Army. Chichester.
-
-Standards and Colors of the Army. Milne.
-
-War Medals of the British Army. Carter and Long.
-
-The Black Watch. Andrew Picken.
-
-Reminiscences of a Campaign. John Malcolm, 42nd.
-
-Retrospect of a Military Life. Q. M. S. Anton, 42nd.
-
-Fontenoy, The Campaign of. Skrine.
-
-Mangalore, The Siege of. By an Officer Present.
-
-Recollections of a Military Life. Sergeant Morris, 73rd.
-
-Military Reminiscences (Polygar Campaigns). Colonel Welsh.
-
-Five Years in Kaffirland (Second War). Mrs. Ward.
-
-Campaigning in Kaffirland.
-
-The 5th Regiment Royal Scots of Canada. Captain Chambers.
-
-History of the British Army. J. W. Fortescue.
-
-Memoirs of Sergeant Donald Macleod. Late 42nd.
-
-Reminiscences of a Veteran. Alexander Robb, Late 42nd.
-
-
-P
-
-_The British Army._
-
-Milne in “Standards and Colors of the Army,” says that the British
-Army as a permanent force dates from 26 January 1660-61. Charles II
-established three troops of Life Guards--one of Horse (subsequently
-Royal Horse Guards Blue), the King’s Royal Regiment of Guards (now
-Grenadier Guards), and the Duke of Albemarle’s Regiment of Foot
-(now Coldstream Guards.)
-
-
-The Present Establishment:
-
-I. The Cavalry.
-
-The First Life Guards, The Second Life Guards, The Royal Horse
-Guards (The Blues), The First (The King’s) Dragoon Guards, The
-Second Dragoon Guards (Queen’s Bays), The Third (The Prince of
-Wales’s) Dragoon Guards. The Fourth (Royal Irish) Dragoon Guards,
-The Fifth (Princess Charlotte of Wales’s) Dragoon Guards, The Sixth
-Dragoon Guards (Carabiniers), The Seventh (The Princess Royal’s)
-Dragoon Guards, The First (Royal) Dragoons, The Second Dragoons
-(Royal Scots Greys), The Third (The King’s Own) Hussars, The
-Fourth (The Queen’s Own) Hussars, The Fifth (Royal Irish) Lancers,
-The Sixth (Inniskilling) Dragoons, The Seventh (The Queen’s Own)
-Hussars, The Eighth (The King’s Royal Irish) Hussars, The Ninth
-(The Queen’s Royal) Lancers, The Tenth (The Prince of Wales’ Own
-Royal) Hussars, The Eleventh (Prince Albert’s Own) Hussars, The
-Twelfth (The Prince of Wales’s Royal) Lancers, The Thirteenth
-Hussars, The Fourteenth (The King’s) Hussars, The Fifteenth
-(The King’s) Hussars, The Sixteenth (The Queen’s) Lancers, The
-Seventeenth (The Duke of Cambridge’s Own) Lancers, The Eighteenth
-Hussars, The Nineteenth (Princess of Wales’s Own) Hussars, The
-Twentieth Hussars, The Twenty-first (Empress of India’s) Lancers.
-
-
-II. The Royal Artillery.
-
-The Royal Regiment of Artillery.
-
-[Illustration: The Memorial Tablet to the Black Watch of 1758 and
-its Major, Duncan Campbell of Inverawe, erected on the Battle
-Ground of July 8, 1758
-
-(Frederick B. Richards at side of Monument reading inscription on
-the QUAICH presented to him by the Campbells of Inverawe).]
-
-
-III. The Royal Engineers.
-
-The Corps of Royal Engineers.
-
-
-IV. The Foot Guards.
-
-The Grenadier Guards, The Coldstream Guards, The Scots Guards, The
-Irish Guards.
-
-
-V. Territorial Regiments (Regiments of Foot).
-
-The Royal Scots (Lothian Regiment), formerly The 1st.
-
-The Queen’s (Royal West Surrey Regiment), formerly The 2nd.
-
-The Buffs (East Kent Regiment), formerly The 3rd.
-
-The King’s Own (Royal Lancaster Regiment), formerly The 4th.
-
-The Northumberland Fusiliers, formerly The 5th.
-
-The Royal Warwickshire Regiment, formerly The 6th.
-
-The Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment), formerly The 7th.
-
-The King’s (Liverpool Regiment), formerly The 8th.
-
-The Norfolk Regiment, formerly The 9th.
-
-The Lincolnshire Regiment, formerly The 10th.
-
-The Devonshire Regiment, formerly The 11th.
-
-The Suffolk Regiment, formerly The 12th.
-
-The Prince Albert’s (Somersetshire Light Infantry), formerly The
-13th.
-
-The Prince of Wales’s Own (West Yorkshire Regiment), formerly The
-14th.
-
-The East Yorkshire Regiment, formerly The 15th.
-
-The Bedfordshire Regiment, formerly The 16th.
-
-The Leicestershire Regiment, formerly The 17th.
-
-The Royal Irish Regiment, formerly The 18th.
-
-The Princess of Wales’s Own (Yorkshire Regiment), formerly The
-19th.
-
-The Lancashire Fusiliers, formerly The 20th (East Devonshire).
-
-The Royal Scots Fusiliers, formerly The 21st.
-
-The Cheshire Regiment, formerly The 22nd.
-
-The Royal Welsh Fusiliers, formerly The 23rd.
-
-The South Wales Borderers, formerly The 24th. (2nd Warwickshire).
-
-The King’s Own Scottish Borderers, formerly The 25th.
-
-The Cameronians (Scottish Rifles). 1st Batt., formerly The 26th.
-2nd Batt., formerly The 90th. (Perthshire Volunteers--Light
-Infantry).
-
-The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, 1st Batt., formerly The 27th. 2nd
-Batt., formerly The 108th (Madras Infantry).
-
-The Gloucestershire Regiment, 1st. Batt., formerly The 28th
-(North Gloucestershire). 2nd Batt., formerly The 61st (South
-Gloucestershire).
-
-The Worcestershire Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 29th. 2nd
-Batt., Formerly The 36th (Herefordshire).
-
-The East Lancashire Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The
-30th (Cambridgeshire). 2nd Batt., formerly The 59th (2nd
-Nottinghamshire).
-
-The East Surrey Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 31st
-(Huntingdonshire). 2nd Batt., formerly The 70th (Surrey).
-
-Duke of Cornwall’s Light Infantry, 1st Batt., formerly The 32nd.
-2nd Batt., formerly The 46th (South Devonshire).
-
-The Duke of Wellington’s (West Riding Regiment) 1st Batt., formerly
-The 33rd. 2nd Batt., formerly The 76th.
-
-The Border Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 34th (Cumberland). 2nd
-Batt., formerly The 55th (Westmoreland).
-
-The Royal Sussex Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 35th. 2nd Batt.,
-formerly The 10th (Bengal Infantry).
-
-The Hampshire Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 37th. 2nd Batt.,
-formerly The 67th (South Hampshire).
-
-The South Staffordshire Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 38th
-(1st Staffordshire). 2nd Batt., formerly The 80th (Staffordshire
-Volunteers).
-
-The Dorsetshire Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 39th. 2nd Batt.,
-formerly The 54th (West Norfolk).
-
-The Prince of Wales’s Volunteers (South Lancashire Regiment), 1st
-Batt., formerly The 40th (2nd Somersetshire); 2nd Batt., formerly
-The 82nd.
-
-The Welsh Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 41st; 2nd Batt.,
-formerly The 69th (South Lincolnshire).
-
-The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders) 1st Batt., formerly The 42nd;
-2nd Batt., formerly The 73rd (Perthshire).
-
-The Oxfordshire Light Infantry, 1st Batt., formerly The 43rd
-(Monmouthshire Light Infantry); 2nd Batt., formerly The 52nd.
-
-The Essex Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 44th; 2nd Batt., The
-56th (West Essex).
-
-The Sherwood Foresters (Derbyshire Regiment), 1st Batt., formerly
-the 45th (Nottinghamshire); 2nd Batt., The 95th (Derbyshire).
-
-The Royal North Lancashire Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The
-47th (Lancashire); 2nd Batt., formerly The 81st (Loyal Lincoln
-Volunteers).
-
-The Northamptonshire Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 48th; 2nd
-Batt., formerly The 58th (Rutlandshire).
-
-Princess Charlotte of Wales’s (Royal Berkshire Regiment), 1st
-Batt., formerly The 49th (Hertfordshire); 2nd Batt., formerly The
-66th (Berkshire).
-
-The Queen’s Own (Royal West Kent) Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The
-50th; 2nd Batt., formerly The 97th (The Earl of Ulster’s).
-
-The King’s Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, 1st Batt., formerly The
-51st (2nd Yorkshire West Riding); 2nd Batt., The 105th (Madras
-Light Infantry).
-
-The King’s (Shropshire Light Infantry) 1st Batt., formerly The
-53rd; 2nd Batt., formerly The 85th (Bucks Volunteers).
-
-The Duke of Cambridge’s Own (Middlesex Regiment), 1st Batt.,
-formerly The 57th (West Middlesex); 2nd Batt., formerly The 77th
-(East Middlesex).
-
-The King’s Royal Rifle Corps, formerly The 60th.
-
-The Duke of Edinburgh’s (Wiltshire Regiment), 1st Batt., formerly
-The 62nd; 2nd Batt., formerly The 99th.
-
-The Manchester Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly the 63rd (West
-Suffolk); 2nd Batt., formerly The 96th.
-
-The Prince of Wales’s (North Staffordshire Regiment), 1st Batt.,
-formerly The 64th (2nd Staffordshire); 2nd Batt., formerly The 98th.
-
-The York and Lancaster Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly The 65th (2nd
-Yorkshire, North Riding); 2nd Batt., formerly The 84th (York and
-Lancaster).
-
-The Durham Light Infantry, 1st Batt., formerly The 68th; 2nd Batt.,
-formerly 106th (Bombay Light Infantry).
-
-The Highland Light Infantry, 1st Batt., formerly The 71st; 2nd
-Batt., formerly The 74th.
-
-The Seaforth Highlanders (Ross-shire Buffs, The Duke of Albany’s
-Own Regiment of Foot), 1st Batt., formerly The 72nd; 2nd Batt., The
-78th.
-
-The Gordon Highlanders, 1st Batt., formerly The 75th
-(Stirlingshire); 2nd Batt., formerly The 92nd.
-
-The Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders, 1st Batt., formerly The 79th.
-
-The Royal Irish Rifles, 1st Batt., formerly The 83rd (County
-Dublin); 2nd Batt., formerly The 86th (Royal County Down).
-
-Princess Victoria’s (Royal Irish Fusiliers) 1st Batt., formerly The
-87th; 2nd Batt., formerly The 89th.
-
-The Connaught Rangers, 1st Batt., formerly The 88th; 2nd Batt.,
-formerly The 94th.
-
-The Princess Louise’s (Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders), 1st Batt.,
-formerly The 91st; 2nd Batt., formerly The 93rd.
-
-The Prince of Wales’s Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians), 1st
-Batt., formerly The 100th (Prince of Wales’s Royal Canadian); 2nd
-Batt., formerly The 109th (Bombay Infantry).
-
-The Royal Munster Fusiliers, 1st Batt., formerly The 101st (Royal
-Bengal Fusiliers); 2nd Batt., formerly The 104th (Bengal Fusiliers).
-
-The Royal Dublin Fusiliers, 1st Batt., formerly The 102nd (Royal
-Madras Fusiliers); 2nd Batt., The 103rd (Royal Bombay Fusiliers).
-
-The Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort’s Own).
-
-The West India Regiment, 1st Batt., formerly Malcolm’s Black
-Rangers; 2nd Batt., formerly The St. Vincent’s Black Rangers.
-
-The Royal Marines, Royal Marine Artillery, Royal Marine Light
-Infantry.
-
-
-Q
-
-_TICONDEROGA_
-
-Ticonderoga, familiar as the name of the historic fortress at Lake
-George, was written by Sir William Johnson, in 1756, Tionderogue
-and Ticonderoro, and in grant of lands in 1760, “near the fort at
-Ticonderoga.” Gov. Colden wrote Ticontarogen, and an Iroquoian
-sachem is credited with Decariaderoga. Interpretations are
-almost as numerous as orthographies. The most generally quoted
-is from Spofford’s Gazetter: “Ticonderoga, from Tsindrosie, or
-Cheonderoga, signifying ‘brawling water,’ and the French name,
-Carillon, signifying ‘a chime of bells,’ were both suggested by
-the rapids upon the outlet of Lake George.” The French name may
-have been so suggested, but neither Tsindrosie or Cheonderoga
-means “brawling water.” The latter is probably an orthography of
-Teonderoga. Ticonderoga as now written, is from Te or Ti, “dual,”
-two; Kaniatare, “lake,” and -ogen, “intervallum, divisionem”
-(Bruyas), the combination meaning, literally “Between two lakes.”
-Horatio Hale wrote me of one of the forms “Dekariaderage, in modern
-orthography, Tekaniataroken, from which Ticonderoga, means, simple
-‘Between two lakes.’ It is derived from Tioken, ‘between,’ and
-Kaniatara, ‘lake.’ Its composition illustrates a peculiar idiom
-of the Iroquoian language. Tioken when combined with a noun,
-is split in two, so to speak, and the noun inserted. Thus in
-combining Tioken with Oneonte, ‘mountain,’ we have Ti-ononte-oken,
-‘Between two mountains,’ which was the name of one of the Mohawk
-castles--sometimes written Theonondioga. In like manner, Kaniatare,
-‘lake,’ thus compounded, yields Te-kaniatare-oken, ‘Between two
-lakes.’ In the Huron dialect Kiniatare is contracted to Yontare
-or Ontare, from which, with io or iyo, ‘great,’ we get Ontario
-(pronounced Ontareeyo), ‘Great lake,’ which combined with Tioken,
-becomes Tionteroken, which would seem to be the original of
-Colden’s Ticonderoga.”
-
-(“Indian Geographical Names,” by E. M. Ruttenber, page 71 Vol. VI,
-New York State Historical Association).
-
-
-R
-
-TESTIMONIALS TO THE BLACK WATCH.
-
-The Virginia Gazette, July 30, 1767, published an article from
-which the following extracts have been taken:
-
-  “Last Sunday evening, the Royal Highland Regiment embarked from
-  Philadelphia for Ireland, which regiment, since its arrival in
-  America, had been distinguished for having undergone most amazing
-  fatigues, made long and frequent marches through an unhospitable
-  country, bearing excessive heat and severe cold with alacrity
-  and cheerfulness, frequently encamping in deep snow, such as
-  those who inhabit the interior parts of this province do not
-  see, and which only those who inhabit the most northern parts
-  of Europe can have any idea of, continually exposed in camp and
-  on their marches to the alarms of a savage enemy, who, in all
-  their attempts, were forced to fly. * * * And, in a particular
-  manner, the free-men of this and the neighboring provinces have
-  most sincerely to thank them for that resolution and bravery
-  with which they, under Colonel Boquet, and a small number of
-  Royal Americans, defeated the enemy, and ensured to us peace and
-  security from a savage foe; and, along with our blessings for
-  these benefits, they have our thanks for that decorum in behavior
-  which they maintained during their stay in this city, giving an
-  example that the most amiable behavior in civil life is no way
-  inconsistent with the character of the good soldier; and for
-  their loyalty, fidelity, and orderly behavior, they have every
-  wish of the people for health, honor, and a pleasant voyage.”
-
-       *       *       *       *       *
-
-Extract from speech by the elder Pitt in vindication of the
-employment of Highland Regiments of which the Black Watch was the
-first raised of the eighty-six during the four wars between 1739
-and 1815.
-
-  “I sought for merit wherever it was to be found; it is my boast
-  that I was the first Minister who looked for it and found it in
-  the mountains of the North. I called it forth and drew into your
-  service a hardy and intrepid race of men, who, when left by your
-  jealousy, became a prey to the artifice of your enemies, and had
-  gone nigh to have overturned the State in the war before the
-  last. These men in the last war were brought to combat on your
-  side, they served with fidelity as they fought with valour, and
-  conquered for you in every part of the world.”
-
-
-S
-
-COPY OF ALL REFERENCES TO THE BLACK WATCH OF THE TICONDEROGA PERIOD
-TO BE FOUND IN THE ARCHIVES OF THE DOMINION OF CANADA AT OTTAWA.
-
-_I am indebted for this Memorandum to Arthur Doughty Litt.D.,
-Archivist of the Dominion of Canada._
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1758. March 29, New York.]
-
-Abercrombie to Haldimand (?) Plan of operations settled at Home.
-Southern Operations.
-
-Corps, Blakeney’s, Lord John Murray’s &c.
-
-  B.6 p. 35
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1756. New York.]
-
-M.204-2 p. 397 Shirley to Fox
-
-Just arrived from Albany Major Abercrombie and General Webb arrived
-one on the 25th of June and the other the next morning with great
-part of Otway’s Regiment and with all the Highland Regiments, &c.
-
-In a letter from Abercrombie to London dated Albany, 3d August,
-1756.
-
-Col. Schuyler’s New Jersey Regiment and four North Carolina
-Companies are barely sufficient to Garrison Oswego and keep the
-communication open to Schenectady and there remains the 48th
-Regiment together with Otway’s and the Highlanders to Garrison Fort
-William Henry, &c., &c.
-
-  M.205-1 p.
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1756. June 21. New York.]
-
-James Abercrombie to ----. On the 15th of April sailed from
-Plymouth and arrived here on the 16th June with General Otway’s and
-Lord John Murray’s Regiments, &c.
-
-  B.205-1 p. 8
-
-[Illustration: LORD HOWE STONE
-
-Unearthed at Ticonderoga, Oct. 1889. Now Preserved at Headquarters
-House]
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1756. Aug. 29, Albany.]
-
-Loudon to Fox.
-
-Though I was informed that the whole Transports with the Highland
-Recruits were arrived, I heard this morning that there were still
-five missing, and that those that are come were very short of
-Provisions, they were victualled only for two months, &c., &c.
-
-  M.205-1 p. 240
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1756. Sept. 4. Boston.]
-
-Shirley to Loudon.
-
-Upon this I beg leave to observe to your Lordship, that it
-appearing from Col. Webb’s letter to me dated from New York the
-9th June, that Otway’s and the Highland Regiments might be daily
-expected there (Oswego).
-
-What confirms me in the matter is, that your Lordship told me,
-when I had the honour to wait on you, when the day you set from
-New York, being the 26th July that the Garrison at Oswego was so
-weak, that the 44th Regiment was to be sent to strengthen it and at
-the same time your Lordship mentioned, that you thought 900 men,
-by which I suppose your Lordship meant Otway’s and the Highland
-Regiments were but a few to cover the country.
-
-  M.205-2 p. 306
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1756. Nov. 22, Albany.]
-
-Loudon to Fox.
-
-The 42nd Regiment, I quarter at Schenectady, from whence they take
-the posts, on the Mohawk river, &c.
-
-  M.207-1 p. 2
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1757. April 25. New York.]
-
-Loudon to Pitt.
-
-As the Garrison (Fort Henry) had been troubled with the scurvy I
-had ordered Lieutenant General Otway’s Regiment to relieve them,
-and Colonel Monro met the account of the attack being made on the
-Fort on his march; he immediately left his baggage, and made all
-possible dispatch to Fort Edward, where he received the account of
-their being retired. Colonel Gage and Burton followed him directly
-with the remains of the 44th and 46th Regiments and the Highlanders
-were set in motion from Schenectady. They all marched without
-Tents, and lay in the woods, &c.
-
-We have on that river (Mohawk), at Schenectady, and up to the
-German Flats, the Highland Regiment, upwards of a thousand men. &c.
-
-  M.207-1 p. 174
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1758. Feb’y 14. New York.]
-
-Loudon to Pitt.
-
-... ... ... storming of Fort Herkemer and I threw in part of the
-42nd Regiment of Highlanders into Schenectady, that there might be
-no want of numbers for this service.
-
-  M.208. p. 2
-
-  Divisions of Manuscripts,
-  February 22, 1911.
-
-
-T
-
-THE BLACK WATCH MEMORIAL AT TICONDEROGA.
-
-The genesis of this memorial was an address made by the late Joseph
-Cook at the services held in front of the boulder erected to the
-heroes of Ticonderoga, Academy Park, Ticonderoga, N. Y. July 31,
-1899, in which he made this remark: “There ought to be a memorial
-to the Black Watch composed largely of Scotch Highlanders who,
-with the Colonials charged Montcalm’s entrenchments for eight
-consecutive hours.”
-
-[Illustration: Major D. L. Wilson Farquharson, D. S. O., at
-“Allargue”
-
-Representation of the Black Watch at Unveiling of Memorial Tablet,
-Ticonderoga, July 4, 1906]
-
-The writer, who was secretary of the Ticonderoga Historical Society
-at that time, had the honor of being the medium through which this
-chance remark became an enduring memorial of brick and stone. He
-was unsuccessful, however, until Mr. David Williams, the publisher
-of “The Iron Age,” a summer resident of Ticonderoga at Rogers
-Rock, came to his assistance. Mr. Andrew Carnegie was the generous
-donor of the funds to build this memorial. The grants were in
-two amounts, the first gift for a public library with the usual
-provisions, and the second gift, with no limitations, with which to
-build an historical addition to the library, thus making it both a
-public library and historical building.
-
-The laying of the corner stone, Oct. 4. 1905, was made the occasion
-for one of the greatest celebrations Ticonderoga has ever seen.
-The pipe band of the 5th Royal Scots of Canada, Highlanders,
-now the 5th Royal Highlanders of Canada, from Montreal, and the
-Regimental band and a Battalion of the 5th Infantry, U. S. A., from
-Plattsburgh, were the principal features of the parade. It was
-particularly appropriate that the Royal Scots should be present, as
-they are allied to the Black Watch and wear the same uniform. It
-was also an education to the thousands of spectators, few, if any
-of whom had ever seen Highlanders in full regimentals marching to
-the music of bagpipes. After the exercises of the day, the Royal
-Scots visited the ruins of old Fort Ticonderoga, about two miles
-from the village and the picture of a body of Highlanders with
-their scarlet coats and tartan kilts marching up the green slopes
-of the old ramparts, with the setting sun behind them, was one
-never to be forgotten and which probably had not occurred since the
-Revolution.
-
-The officers of the present Black Watch Regiment, then stationed
-at Fort George Scotland, being advised of the Memorial sent the
-following letter to the secretary of the Ticonderoga Historical
-Society:
-
-  “Dear Sir: Your letter 9th Sept., 1905, on the subject of a Black
-  Watch Memorial, has been perused by the Commanding Officer and
-  the Officers of the 1st battalion of The Black Watch, formerly
-  called the 42nd Royal Highland Regiment, and it was also
-  submitted and discussed at the Annual Gathering of Black Watch
-  Officers--past and present--recently held in Edinburgh. I am
-  authorized to inform you that all Ranks of the Regiment are proud
-  to know that the Ticonderoga Historical Society had decided to
-  appropriate an alcove in the Ticonderoga Free Public Library as
-  a memorial to the 42nd Regiment, to commemorate their services
-  in the engagement before Fort Ticonderoga on July 8, 1758. The
-  suggestion contained in your letter, to the effect that Officers
-  of the Regiment might be disposed to erect a tablet on a wall of
-  the Alcove to the memory of the officers and men of the 42nd who
-  were killed or wounded in the action has met with the unanimous
-  approval of those to whose notice it has been brought, and I am
-  to inform you that such a Tablet will gladly be provided and that
-  the work of executing the Tablet will be entrusted to a London
-  firm as soon as a suitable design has been decided upon. In order
-  to assist us in choosing a suitable form of tablet I shall be
-  much obliged if you can favor me with a rough plan of the alcove,
-  the dimensions of the actual wall on which the Tablet will rest,
-  and an idea of the general style of the building.
-
-  I shall be glad to hear from you as soon as you can conveniently
-  supply the information for which I have asked.
-
-      I am, Sir, yours truly,
-
-      D. L. Wilson Farquharson.
-      Major The Black Watch.”
-
-The exercises for the unveiling of the memorial tablet July 4,
-1906, was made the occasion for another grand celebration at which
-the full bag pipe band of the 5th Royal Highlanders of Canada and
-a company of 50 men from the same regiment, making a total of 75
-Highlanders, were a feature of the parade. Major D. L. Wilson
-Farquharson of the Black Watch, came over from Scotland to unveil
-the tablet in behalf of the Regiment. It was accepted by Frank B.
-Wickes of Ticonderoga for the Ticonderoga Historical Society. The
-address of the day was delivered by Senator Edgar T. Brackett of
-Saratoga Springs.
-
-[Illustration: --Photo by L. Def. Cone, Ticonderoga
-
-THE BLACK WATCH MEMORIAL AT TICONDEROGA
-
-Two views of the 5th Royal Highlanders of Canada who attended
-ceremonies of laying corner stone and of unveiling Memorial
-Tablet]
-
-
-_List of Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers and Partial List of
-Men Composing Ticonderoga Detachment, 5th Royal Highlanders of
-Canada, July 4th, 1906._
-
-  Capt. A. F. Gault.
-  Capt. V. C. Buchanan.
-  Capt. C. M. Monsarrat.
-  Capt. J. Muir, Quartermaster.
-  Sergt. Major D. A. Bethune.
-  Q. M. Sergt. B. Howard.
-  Col. Sergt. J. H. A. Mackay.
-  Staff Sergt. T. A. Gardiner.
-  Staff Sergt. J. Phillips.
-  Sergt. C. Denman.
-  Sergt. P. Forde.
-  Sergt. T. Mitchell.
-  Bugle Sergt. P. Broadhurst.
-  Drum Sergt. F. W. Flood.
-  Drum Major, G. Foley.
-  Pipe Major, D. Manson.
-  Sergt. J. MacLean.
-  Corp. P. W. MacFarlane.
-  Corp. H. Massey.
-  Corp. N. Manson.
-  Corp. P. Sutton.
-
-
-_Privates._
-
-  J. Bayley.
-  F. H. Benson.
-     Walsh.
-  A. E. Smith.
-  S. Tapster.
-     Scobie.
-  P. Roache.
-  J. Cockburn.
-  A. Bishop.
-  J. A. McLean.
-     Jeffries.
-  W. Marsh.
-  J. Ferguson.
-  J. Corbett.
-  J. Palmer.
-  C. Myers.
-  C. Black.
-  J. Stuart.
-  J. Roney.
-     Dean.
-  A. Reid.
-  A. Williams.
-  A. Betts.
-  D. Reid.
-  L. Pickering.
-
-
-_Pipers._
-
-  R. Morrison.
-  M. McLeod.
-  J. Ferrier.
-  D. McArthur.
-  D. Brash.
-  J. Husband.
-  B. Milligan.
-
-
-_Drummers._
-
-  J. Ryan.
-  Gore.
-  Kemp.
-  Jones.
-
-
-FOOTNOTES:
-
-[1] A Military History of Perthshire, Page 28.
-
-[2] The most complete account of the independent companies may be
-found in “A Military History of Perthshire.”
-
-[3] See Appendix for list of officers.
-
-[4] See Appendix for the regimental names of the Black Watch at
-different periods.
-
-[5] Stewart of Garth, Page 246, Vol. I.
-
-[6] Capt. I. H Mackay Scobie claims that this tartan was probably
-evolved from a Campbell Sett and was a Government pattern for
-Government service, worn by the independent companies of the Black
-Watch before embodied in 1739 and also by other Scottish regiments
-“The Government or Black Watch Tartan” Army Historical Research,
-Vol. I, Page 154.
-
-[7] Stewart of Garth, Page 247, Vol. I.
-
-[8] 3 additional Companies Black Watch and 3 for Montgomery’s and 3
-for Fraser’s, stationed at Halifax.
-
-[9] The only reference to the Black Watch that I could find in the
-unpublished Colonial Manuscripts in the N. Y. State Library was the
-report of the receipt at New York, 8th July, 1757, from the ship
-Free Mason, of 22 Bales, 10 Casks and 1 Box for Lord John Murray’s
-Regiment. Colonial Mss., 1757, Vol. 84, Page 126.
-
-[10] Col. John Glen, born July 2, 1735, died Sept. 23, 1828,
-was quartermaster during the French and Indian and also the
-Revolutionary wars and was a man of great prominence in this
-locality. His brother, Col. Henry Glen, born July 13, 1739, died
-January 6, 1814, was deputy quartermaster under his brother and
-was member of Congress from Albany District from 1794 to 1802.
-Schenectady at that time was in Albany District. It was Col. John
-Glen who gave the name to Glens Falls, changing it from Wing’s
-Falls, it is said as the result of a wine supper.
-
-[11] After this article had gone to press I received through the
-kindness of Arthur Doughty Litt, D. Archivist of the Dominion of
-Canada, a copy of the references to the Black Watch in the archives
-at Ottawa and one reference proves that the 42nd was stationed at
-Schenectady the winter of 1756-7, as follows: Nov. 22, 1756, Loudon
-to Fox, the 42nd Regiment I quartered at Schenectady from whence
-they take the posts, on the Mohawk River, etc. See Appendix.
-
-[12] Atholl Records, page 428, Vol. III.
-
-[13] Atholl Records, p 433, Vol. III.
-
-[14] Public Record Office W. O. 1.-1.
-
-[15] Public record office W:O:1.-1.
-
-[16] His last letter had been written from New York, April 28th. If
-this were an earlier date it might indicate the winter quarters,
-but at this time the army was assembling at Albany for the seasons
-campaign. It will be noted as illustration that the Highlanders
-quartered at Stamford left there March 30.
-
-[17] For further information in regard to Halfway Brook, which is
-just north of the city of Glens Falls, see the “Halfway Brook in
-History”, by James A. Holden in Vol. VI. of N. Y. State Hist. Assn.
-proceedings.
-
-[18] Atholl Records page, 444 Vo. III.
-
-[19] Abercromby’s full report to Pitt, under date of July 12, 1758,
-will be found in Mr. Holden’s article on Lord Howe.
-
-[20] This General James Abercrombie must not be confused with Sir
-Ralph Abercrombie who led the Black Watch to victory in Egypt in
-1801.
-
-[21] Translation by Bell, Page 539, Vol. I.
-
-[22] Lossing’s Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution. Page 119,
-Vol. 1.
-
-[23] Some of the names in the two preceding letters from Capt.
-Campbell are interesting because they illustrate the Scottish
-custom of using name of estate rather than the family or given
-name. This was often necessary to distinguish between several of
-same name.
-
-Captain Stratchur is Captain John Campbell of Stratchur, there are
-also John Campbells of Duneavis, and of Glendaruel. Archie Sherreff
-is Lieut. Archibald Campbell, son of the Sheriff of Argyle. Duchra
-is Capt. Thomas Graeme of Duchray. George and “the Major” are sons
-of John Campbell of Barcaldine--George Campbell was appointed
-Ensign in the 42d in 1756, promoted Lieut, in Gage’s Regiment 1757,
-and killed at Havana 1762. “The Major” was Alexander Campbell,
-Major in the 77th (Montgomery Highlanders). Unkle Corries is John
-Campbell of Corries and his son Colin was evidently at the massacre
-at Fort William Henry in August 1757. Fort du Quesne was the French
-fort at what is now Pittsburgh.
-
-[24] Atholl Records. Page 438, Vol. 3.
-
-[25] This name is given in various places as MILL, MILLS, MILLER
-and MILNE. The Duke of Atholl is authority for the statement that
-MILNE is correct.
-
-[26] Atholl Records, p. 444, Vol. III.
-
-[27] Atholl Records, p. 443, Vol. III.
-
-[28] Montcalm and Wolfe, p. 435, Vol. II.
-
-[29] Public Record Office, C.O. 5. 50.
-
-[30] Translation by Bell, page 539, Vol. I.
-
-[31] N. Y. Col. manuscript O’Callaghan’s, p. 827, Vol. 10.
-
-[32] Public Record Office C.O. 5. 50.
-
-[33] See Appendix for extracts from Commissary Wilsons Orderly Book
-for record of daily service of Black Watch in Ticonderoga and Crown
-Point campaign.
-
-[34] Atholl Record, p. 452, Vol. III.
-
-[35] The oath of the Campbells of Inverawe was by Ben Cruachan.
-
-[36] Bibliography of the Legend of Duncan Campbell of Inverawe.
-
-A. P. Stanley, “Inverawe and Ticonderoga,” Fraser’s Magazine, Oct.
-1880.
-
-Robert Louis Stevenson, poem on “Ticonderoga,” Scribner’s Magazine,
-December, 1887.
-
-Francis Parkman, Appendix G. “Montcalm and Wolfe,” and “Historical
-Handbook of the Northern Tour,” Boston, 1885.
-
-Robert O. Bascom, New York State Historical Proceedings, Vol. II.,
-“Fort Edward Book,” pages 80-88.
-
-C. F. Gordon Cumming in the Atlantic Monthly, September, 1884.
-
-W. Max Reid, “Lake George and Lake Champlain.”
-
-Sir Thomas Dick Lauder, “Tales of the Highlands.”
-
-Winsor’s Critical and Narrative History of the United States.
-
-Lord Archibald Campbell, “Records of Argyle,” William Blackwood &
-Sons, 1885.
-
-“The Magazine of History,” July, 1906.
-
-“Book of Dreams and Ghosts,” Longman’s, 1897
-
-[37] More probably Fort Carrillon.
-
-[38] Inver means “the mouth of,” therefore the mouth of the River
-Awe.
-
-[39] Major Sir Duncan Campbell of Bacaldine says should be “of
-Glendaruel” and that younger of Glenlyon went to the Marines in
-1755.
-
-[40] Lieut. Sir James Cockburn transferred to 48th Foot. Ensign
-Patrick Balneavis made Lieut., commission dated 1st April, 1758,
-and Mr. Elbert Hering succeeded to the Ensigncy, commission dated
-April 3d, 1758. (See extract from letter Jas. Abercrombie to Lord
-Viscount Barrington. Albany, May 27, 1758.)
-
-[41] See Foot Note at bottom of preceding page.
-
-[42] Miss Ethel Lomas, copyist at Public Record Office, London, is
-authority for the statement that this should be Peter (not Patrick)
-Stewart.
-
-[43] This name is given as David Mills in the Army List, but the
-Duke of Atholl is authority for the statement that Milne is correct.
-
-[44] Stewart of Garth calls him Dougal Campbell, but he appears as
-James in his commission.
-
-[45] It is not stated to which companies Lieutenant Malcolm Fraser
-and Francis Grant belonged. No other lieutenants are mentioned
-for Balliemore and Newmore; they have therefore been assigned
-respectively to them.
-
-[46] i. e. Drynie. A younger son of the Laird.
-
-[47] See note to Lieutenant Malcolm Fraser.
-
-[48] Garth gives the adjutant as being Gilbert Stewart (presumably
-the ensign to the Colonel’s Company.) He probably acted in this
-capacity until John Lindsay was gazetted to the regiment.
-
-
-
-
-PRESS OF THE GLENS FALLS PUBLISHING COMPANY
-
-
-
-
-  TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
-
-  Missing anchor for Footnote [23] was inserted after ‘Allan Campbell.’
-  on page 22. Missing anchor for Footnote [29] was inserted after
-  ‘soon thereafter.’ on page 26.
-
-  Nine paragraph breaks were introduced to better indicate a quotation
-  block, for example after ‘Lossing writes,’ on page 20.
-
-  The original blank cells in the table in Appendix F have been given
-  a dash (-) in this etext for clarity.
-
-  In Appendix P information about the ‘2nd Batt.’ of a regiment was
-  sometimes on a separate line. For consistency all regimental info is
-  in one paragraph in this etext.
-
-  The original text used three asterisks (* * *) to indicate missing
-  or skipped words, but sometimes used two or four or five. For
-  consistency the etext always uses three. On page 80 an ellipsis is
-  used (twice) instead of asterisks in both the original and the etext.
-
-  Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
-  corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within
-  the text and consultation of external sources.
-
-  Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text,
-  and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained.
-
-  Pg 8: ‘wha had a passage’ replaced by ‘who had a passage’.
-  Pg 14: ‘your memoralist humbly’ replaced by ‘your memorialist humbly’.
-  Pg 16: ‘on Ticonderogt’ replaced by ‘on Ticonderoga’.
-  Pg 28: ‘aid de camp’ replaced by ‘aide de camp’.
-  Pg 29: ‘the Old Bluffs’ replaced by ‘the Old Buffs’.
-  Pg 32: ‘orders from Vandreuil’ replaced by ‘orders from Vaudreuil’.
-  Pg 35: ‘of the Westtern’ replaced by ‘of the Western’.
-  Pg 35: ‘no knowlodge’ replaced by ‘no knowledge’.
-  Pg 39: ‘* * *’ indicates missing words or letters; it was blank
-  space in the original book (due to an edge of the original
-  source letter being torn off).
-  Pg 57: ‘1893-95 Flanders’ replaced by ‘1793-95 Flanders’.
-  Pg 58: ‘The Spinx’ replaced by ‘The Sphinx’.
-  Pg 62: ‘Parkmen mentions’ replaced by ‘Parkman mentions’.
-  Pg 63: ‘aid de camp’ replaced by ‘aide de camp’.
-  Pg 66: ‘Island of Mall’ replaced by ‘Island of Mull’.
-  Pg 66: ‘Jannary 1784’ replaced by ‘January 1784’.
-  Pg 67: ‘the dismal goal’ replaced by ‘the dismal gaol’.
-  Pg 80: ‘ever sence’ replaced by ‘ever since’.
-  Pg 88: italics removed from part of Appendix M heading.
-  Pg 92: ‘five days wihch’ replaced by ‘five days which’.
-  Pg 96: ‘from Leiut. Col.’ replaced by ‘from Lieut. Col.’.
-  Pg 101: ‘Ballantyle Press’ replaced by ‘Ballantyne Press’.
-  Pg 102: ‘MacMillian, 1906’ replaced by ‘MacMillan, 1906’.
-  Pg 108: ‘(Hertfordshire); 2 Batt.’ replaced by
-  ‘(Hertfordshire); 2nd Batt.’.
-  Pg 110: ‘modern orothography’ replaced by ‘modern orthography’.
-  Pg 115: ‘thus makng it’ replaced by ‘thus making it’.
-
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