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diff --git a/old/65972-0.txt b/old/65972-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 46c4251..0000000 --- a/old/65972-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Plague of Athens, by Thomas Sprat - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: The Plague of Athens - Which happened in the second year of the Peloponnesian warre, - first described in Greek by Thucydes; then in Latin by Lucretius. - Now attempted in English - -Author: Thomas Sprat - -Release Date: August 1, 2021 [eBook #65972] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Sonya Schermann, John Campbell and the Online Distributed - Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was - produced from images generously made available by The Internet - Archive) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PLAGUE OF ATHENS *** - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - Spaced (gesperrt) text is denoted by ~t i l d e s i g n s~. - - Text that is both gesperrt and italic is denoted by =equals signs=. - - The long-form s ( ſ ) in the original text has been replaced by - the modern s in this etext. - - A few obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - Some minor changes to the text are noted at the end of the book. - - - - -[Illustration: (publisher colophon)] - - Let this Book be Printed. - - _Roger L’Estrange._ - - ~MARCH~ 28. - 1665. - -[Illustration: (decorative border)] - - - - - THE - - Plague of Athens, - - Which hapned in the - - SECOND YEAR - - OF THE - - Peloponnesian Warre. - - First described in _Greek_ by _Thucydides_; - Then in _Latin_ by _Lucretius_. - - _Now attempted in English_, - - By ~THO. SPRAT~. - - - =LONDON=, - Printed by _E. C._ for _Henry Brome_, at the Gun in - _Ivy-lane_, 1665. - - - - -[Illustration: (decorative border)] - -_To my Worthy and Learned Friend, Dr._ Walter Pope, _late Proctor of -the University of_ Oxford. - - =SIR=, - -I Know not what pleasure you could take in bestowing your commands so -unprofitably, unless it be that for which Nature sometimes cherishes -and allows Monsters, The love of Variety. This onely delight you will -receive by turning over this rude and unpolisht Copy, and comparing -it with my excellent Patterns, the _Greek_ and _Latin_. By this you -will see how much a noble Subject is chang’d and disfigured by an ill -hand, and what reason _Alexander_ had to forbid his Picture to be -drawn but by some celebrated Pencil. In _Greek Thucydides_ so well -and so lively expresses it, that I know not which is more a Poem, -his description, or that of _Lucretius_. Though it must be said, -that the _Historian_ had a vast advantage over the _Poet_; He having -been present on the place, and assaulted by the disease himself, had -the horror familiar to his Eyes, and all the shapes of the _misery_ -still remaining on his mind, which must needs make a great impression -on his Pen and Fancie. Whereas the _Poet_ was forced to allow his -foot-steps, and onely work on that matter he allow’d him. This I -speak, because it may in some measure too excuse my own defects: -For being so far remov’d from the place whereon the disease acted -its Tragedy; and time having denied us many of the circumstances, -customes of the Countrey, and other small things which would be of -great use to any one who did intend to be perfect on the subject; -besides onely writing by an _Idea_ of that which I never yet saw, nor -care to feel, (being not of the humor of the Painter in Sir _Philip -Sidney_, who thrust himself into the midst of a Fight, that he might -the better delineate it) having, I say, all these disadvantages, -and many more, for which I must onely blame my self, it cannot be -expected, that I should come near equalling him in whom none of the -contrary advantages were wanting. Thus then, Sir, by emboldning me -to this rash attempt, you have given opportunitie to the _Greek_ and -_Latin_ to Triumph over our _Mother tongue_. Yet I would not have the -honour of the Countries or Languages engaged in the comparison, but -that the inequality should reach no farther than the Authors. But -I have much reason to fear the just indignation of that excellent -Person, (the present Ornament and Honour of our Nation) whose way of -writing I imitate: for he may think himself as much injured by my -following him, as were the Heavens by that bold mans counterfeiting -the sacred and unimitable noise of Thunder by the sound of Brass and -Horses hoofs. I shall onely say for my self, that I took _Cicero_’s -advice, who bids us in imitation propose the Noblest pattern to our -thoughts; for so we may be sure to be raised above the common Level, -though we come infinitely short of what we aim at. Yet I hope that -renowned Poet will have none of my crimes any way reflect on himself; -for it was not any fault in the excellent Musician, that the weak -Bird, indeavouring by straining its throat, to follow his Notes, -destroyed her self in the Attempt. Well, Sir, by this, that I have -chosen rather to expose my self than be disobedient, you may guess -with what zeal and hazard I strive to approve my self, - - =SIR=, - - _Your most Humble and - Affectionate Servant_, - - ~THO. SPRAT~. - - - - -[Illustration: (decorative border)] - -~THUCYDIDES~, Lib. 2. - -As it is excellently Translated by Mr. _Hobbs_. - - -_In the very beginning of Summer, the_ Peloponnesians, _and their_ -Confederates, _with two thirds of their forces, as before invaded_ -Attica, _under the conduct of_ Archidamus, _the son of_ Zeuxidamas, -_King of_ Lacedæmon, _and after they had encamped themselves, wasted -the Countrey about them_. - -_They had not been many days in_ Attica, _when the Plague first -began amongst the_ Athenians, _said also to have seized formerly on -divers other parts, as about_ Lemnos, _and elsewhere; but so great -a Plague, and Mortality of Men, was never remembred to have hapned -in any place before. For at first, neither were the Physicians able -to cure it, through ignorance of what it was, but died fastest -themselves, as being the men that most approach’d the sick, nor any -other art of man availed whatsoever. All supplications to the_ Gods, -_and enquiries of_ Oracles, _and whatsoever other means they used -of that kind, proved all unprofitable; insomuch as subdued with the -greatness of the evil, they gave them all over. It began (by report) -first, in that part of_ Æthiopia _that lieth upon_ Ægypt, _and thence -fell down into_ Ægypt _and_ Afrique, _and into the greatest part of -the Territories of the_ King. _It invaded_ Athens _on a sudden, and -touched first upon those that dwelt in_ Pyræus, _insomuch as they -reported that the_ Peloponnesians _had cast poyson into their Wells; -for Springs there were not any in that place. But afterwards it came -up into the high City, and then they died a great deal faster. Now -let every man, Physician, or other, concerning the ground of this -sickness, whence it sprung, and what causes he thinks able to produce -so great an alteration, speak according to his own knowledge; for my -own part, I will deliver but the manner of it, and lay open onely -such things, as one may take his Mark by, to discover the same if it -come again, having been both sick of it my self, and seen others sick -of the same. This year, by confession of all men, was of all other, -for other Diseases, most free and healthful. If any man were sick -before, his disease turned to this; if not, yet suddenly, without -any apparent cause preceding, and being in perfect health, they -were taken first with an extream ache in their Heads, redness and -inflamation of the Eyes; and then inwardly their Throats and Tongues -grew presently bloody, and their breath noysome and unsavory. Upon -this followed a sneezing and hoarsness, and not long after, the pain, -together with a mighty cough, came down into the brest. And when -once it was setled in the Stomach, it caused vomit, and with great -torment came up all manner of bilious purgation that Physicians ever -named. Most of them had also the Hickeyexe, which brought with it -a strong Convulsion, and in some ceased quickly, but in others was -long before it gave over. Their bodies outwardly to the touch, were -neither very hot, nor pale, but reddish, livid, and beflowred with -little pimples and whelks; but so burned inwardly, as not to endure -any the lightest cloaths or linnen garment to be upon them, nor any -thing but meer nakedness, but rather, most willingly to have cast -themselves into the cold water. And many of them that were not looked -to, possessed with insatiate thirst, ran unto the Wells; and to drink -much, or little, was indifferent, being still from ease and power to -sleep as far as ever. As long as the disease was at the height, their -bodies wasted not, but resisted the torment beyond all expectation, -insomuch as the most of them either died of their inward burning in 9 -or 7 dayes, whilest they had yet strength, or if they escaped that, -then the disease falling down into their bellies, and causing there -great exulcerations and immoderate looseness, they died many of them -afterwards through weakness: For the disease (which took first the -head) began above, and came down, and passed through the whole body; -and he that overcame the worst of it, was yet marked with the loss of -his extreme parts; for breaking out both at their Privy-members, and -at their Fingers and Toes, many with the loss of these escaped. There -were also some that lost there Eys, & many that presently upon their -recovery were taken with such an oblivion of all things whatsoever, -as they neither knew themselves nor their acquaintance. For this was -a kind of sickness which far surmounted all expression of words, and -both exceeded Humane Nature, in the cruelty wherewith it handled -each one, and appeared also otherwise to be none of those diseases -that are bred amongst us, and that especially by this. For all, both -Birds and Beasts; that use to feed on Humane flesh, though many men -lay abroad unburied, either came not at them, or tasting perished. -An Argument whereof as touching the_ Birds, _is the manifest defect -of such Fowl, which were not then seen, neither about the Carcasses, -or any where else; but by the Dogs, because they are familiar with -Men, this effect was seen much clearer. So that this disease (to -pass over many strange particulars of the accidents that some had -differently from others) was in general such as_ I _have shewn; and -for other usual sicknesses, at that time, no man was troubled with -any. Now they died, some for want of attendance, and some again with -all the care and_ Physick _that could be used. Nor was there any, -to say, certain Medicine, that applied must have helped them; for -if it did good to one, it did harm to another; nor any difference -of_ Body _for strength or weakness that was able to resist it; but -it carried all away what Physick soever was administred. But the -greatest misery of all was, the dejection of Mind, in such as found -themselves beginning to be sick, (for they grew presently desperate, -and gave themselves over without making any resistance) as also their -dying thus like_ Sheep, _infected by mutual visitation: For if men -forbore to visit them for fear, then they died forlorn, whereby many -Families became empty, for want of such as should take care of them. -If they forbore not, then they died themselves, and principally the -honestest men. For out of shame, they would not spare themselves, -but went in unto their friends, especially after it was come to this -pass, that even their Domesticks, wearied with the lamentations of -them that died, and overcome with the greatness of the calamity, -were no longer moved therewith. But those that were recovered, had -much compassion both on them that died, and on them that lay sick, -as having both known the misery themselvs and now no more subject -to the like danger: For this disease never took any man the second -time so as to be mortal. And these men were both by others counted -happy, and they also themselves, through excess of present joy, -conceived a kind of light hope, never to die of any other sickness -hereafter. Besides the present affliction, the reception of the -Countrey people, and of their substance into the City, oppressed -both them, and much more the people themselves that so came in. For -having no Houses, but dwelling at that time of the year in stifling -Booths, the Mortality was now without all form; and dying men lay -tumbling one upon another in the Streets, and men half dead about -every Conduit through desire of water. The_ Temples _also where they -dwelt in_ Tents, _were all full of the dead that died within them; -for oppressed with the violence of the Calamity, and not knowing what -to do, Men grew careless, both of_ Holy _and_ Prophane _things alike. -And the Laws which they formerly used touching_ Funerals, _were all -now broken; every one burying where he could find room. And many for -want of things necessary, after so many Deaths before, were forced to -become impudent in the_ Funerals _of their_ Friends. _For when one -had made a_ Funeral Pile, _another getting before him, would throw -on his dead, and give it fire. And when one was in burning, another -would come, and having cast thereon him whom he carried, go his way -again. And the great licentiousness, which also in other kinds was -used in the City, began at first from this disease. For that which -a man before would dissemble, and not acknowledge to be done for -voluptuousness, he durst now do freely, seeing before his Eyes such -quick revolution, of the rich dying, and men worth nothing inheriting -their Estates; insomuch as they justified a speedy fruition of their -Goods, even for their pleasure, as Men that thought they held their -Lives but by the day. As for pains, no man was forward in any action -of Honour, to take any, because they thought it uncertain whether -they should die or not, before they atchieved it. But what any man -knew to be delightful, and to be profitable to pleasure, that was -made both profitable and honourable. Neither the fear of the Gods, -nor Laws of men, awed any man. Not the former, because they concluded -it was alike to worship or not worship, from seeing that alike they -all perished: nor the latter, because no man expected that lives -would last, till he received punishment of his crimes by Judgement. -But they thought there was now over their heads some far greater -Judgement decreed against them; before which fell, they thought to -enjoy some little part of their Lives._ - - - - -[Illustration: (decorative border)] - -_The Plague of_ - -~ATHENS~. - - - Unhappy Man! by Nature made to sway, - And yet is every Creatures prey, - Destroy’d by those that should his power obey. - Of the whole World we call _Mankind_ the Lords, - Flattring our selves with mighty words; - Of all things we the Monarchs are, - And so we rule, and so we domineer; - All creatures else about us stand - Like some _Prætorian_ Band, - To guard, to help, and to defend; - Yet they sometimes prove Enemies, - Sometimes against us rise; - Our very Guards rebel, and tyrannize. - Thousand Diseases sent by Fate, - (Unhappie Servants!) on us wait; - A thousand Treacheries within - Are laid weak Life to win; - Huge Troops of Maladies without, - (A grim, a meager, and a dreadful rout:) - Some formal Sieges make - And with sure slowness do our Bodies take; - Some with quick violence storm the Town, - And all in a moment down: - Some one peculiar sort assail, - Some by general attempt prevail. - Small Herbs, alas, can onely us relieve, - And small is the assistance they can give; - How can the fading Off spring of the Field - Sure health and succour yield? - What strong and certain remedie? - What firm and lasting life can ours be? - When that which makes us live, doth ev’ry Winter die? - - -II. - - Nor is this all, we do not onely breed - Within our selves the fatal seed - Of change, and of decrease in ev’ry part, - Head, Bellie, Stomach, and the Root of Life the Heart, - Not onely have our Autumn, when we must - Of our own Nature turn to Dust, - When Leaves and Fruit must fall; - But are expos’d to mighty Tempests too, - Which do at once what that would slowlie do, - Which throw down Fruit and Tree of Life withal. - From ruine we in vain - Our bodies by repair maintain, - Bodies compos’d of stuff, - Mouldring and frail enough; - Yet from without as well we fear - A dangerous and destructful War, - From Heaven, from Earth, from Sea, from Air. - We like the _Roman Empire_ should decay, - And our own force would melt away - By the intestine jar - Of Elephants, which on each other prey, - The _Cæsars_ and the _Pompeys_ which within we bear: - Yet are (like that) in danger too - Of forreign Armies, and external foe, - Sometimes the _Gothish_ and the barbarous rage - Of Plague, or Pestilence, attends Mans age, - Which neither Force nor Arts asswage; - Which cannot be avoided, or withstood, - But drowns, and over-runs with unexpected Flood. - - -III. - - On _Æthiopia_, and the Southern-sands, - The unfrequented Coasts, and parched Land, - Whither the Sun too kind a heat doth send, - (The Sun, which the worst Neighbour is, and the best Friend) - Hither a mortal influence came, - A fatal and unhappy flame, - Kindled by Heavens angry beam. - With dreadful frowns the Heavens scattered here - Cruel infectious heats into the Air, - Now all their stores of poyson sent, - Threatning at once a general doom, - Lavisht out all their hate, and meant - In future Ages to be innocent, - Not to disturb the World for many years to come. - Hold! Heavens hold! Why should your Sacred Fire, - Which doth to all things Life inspire, - By whose kinde beams you bring - Each year on every thing, - A new and glorious Spring, - Which doth th’ Original Seed - Of all things in the Womb of Earth that breed, - With vital heat and quick’ning seed, - Why should you now that heat imploy, - The Earth, the Air, the Fields, the Cities to annoy? - That which before reviv’d, why should it now destroy? - - -IV. - - Those _Africk_ Desarts strait were double Desarts grown, - The rav’nous Beasts were left alone, - The rav’nous beasts then first began - To pity their old enemy Man, - And blam’d the Plague for what they would themselves have done. - Nor stay’d the cruel evil there, - Nor could be long confin’d unto one Air, - Plagues presently forsake - The Wilderness which they themselves do make, - Away the deadly breaths their journey take. - Driven by a mighty wind, - They a new booty and fresh forrage find. - The loaded wind went swiftly on, - And as it past was heard to sigh and groan. - On _Ægypt_ next it seiz’d, - Nor could but by a general ruine be appeas’d. - _Ægypt_ in rage back on the South did look, - And wondred thence should come th’ unhappy stroke, - From whence before her fruitfulness she took. - _Egypt_ did now curse and revile - Those very Lands from whence she has her _Nile_; - _Egypt_ now fear’d another _Hebrew_ God, - Another Angels Hand, a second _Aarons_ Rod. - - -V. - - Then on it goes, and through the Sacred Land - Its angry Forces did command, - But God did place an Angel there, - Its violence to withstand, - And turn into another road the putrid Air. - To _Tyre_ it came, and there did all devour, - Though that by Seas might think it self secure: - Nor staid, as the great Conquerors did, - Till it had fill’d and stopt the tyde, - Which did it from the shore divide, - But past the waters, and did all possess, - And quickly all was wilderness. - Thence it did _Persia_ over-run, - And all that Sacrifice unto the Sun; - In every Limb a dreadful pain they felt, - Tortur’d with secret coals did melt; - The _Persians_ call’d upon their Sun in vain, - Their God increas’d the pain. - They lookt up to their God no more, - But curse the beams they worshipped before, - And hate the very fire which once they did adore. - - -VI. - - Glutted with ruine of the East, - She took her wings and down to _Athens_ past: - Just Plague! which dost no parties take, - But _Greece_ as well as _Persia_ sack, - While in unnatural quarrels they - (Like Frogs and Mice) each other slay, - Thou in thy ravenous claws took’st both away. - Thither it came and did destroy the Town, - Whilest all its Ships and Souldiers lookt upon: - And now the _Asian_ Plague did more - Than all the _Asian_ Force could do before. - Without the Walls the _Spartan_ Army sate, - The _Spartan_ Army came too late; - For now there was no farther work for fate. - They saw the Citie open lay, - An easie and a bloodless prey, - They saw the rampires emptie stand, - The Fleet, the Walls, the Forts Unman’d. - No need of crueltie or slaughters now - The Plague had finisht what they came to do: - They might now unresisted enter there, - Did they not the very Air, - More than th’ _Athenians_ fear. - The Air it self to them was wall, and bullwarks too. - - -VII. - - Unhappy _Athens_! it is true, thou wert - The proudest work of Nature and of Art: - Learning and strength did thee compose, - As soul and body us: - But yet thou onely thence art made - A nobler prey for Fates t’ invade. - Those mighty numbers that within thee breath, - Do onely serve to make a fatter feast for Death. - Death in the most frequented places lives, - Most tribute from the croud receives; - And though it bears a sigh, and seems to own - A rustick life alone: - It loves no Wilderness, - No scattred Villages, - But mighty populous Palaces, - The throng, the tumult, and the town; - What strange, unheard-of Conqueror is this, - Which by the forces that resist it doth increase! - When other Conquerors are - Oblig’d to make a slower war, - Nay sometimes for themselves may fear, - And must proceed with watchful care, - When thicker troops of enemies appear; - This stronger still, and more successeful grows, - Down sooner all before it throws, - If greater multitudes of men do it oppose. - - -VIII. - - The Tyrant first the haven did subdue, - Lately the _Athenians_ (it knew) - Themselves by wooden walls did save, - And therefore first to them th’ infection gave, - Least they new succour thence receive. - Cruel _Pyræus_! now thou hast undone, - The honour thou before hadst wone: - Not all thy Merchandize, - Thy wealth, thy treasuries, - Which from all Coasts thy Fleet supplies, - Can to atone this crime suffice. - Next o’re the upper Town it spread, - With mad and undiscerned speed; - In every corner, every street, - Without a guide did sets its feet, - And too familiar every house did greet. - Unhappy _Greece_ of _Greece_! great _Theseus_ now - Did thee a mortal injury do, - When first in walls he did thee close, - When first he did thy Citizens reduce, - Houses and Government, and Lawes to use. - It had been better if thy people still - Dispersed in some field, or hill, - Though Salvage, and undisciplin’d did dwell, - Though barbarous, untame, and rude, - Than by their numbers thus to be subdu’d; - To be by their own swarms anoid, - And to be civilized onely to be destroid. - - -IX. - - _Minerva_ started when she heard the noise, - And dying mens confused voice. - From Heaven in haste she came to see - What was the mighty prodigie. - Upon the Castle pinacles she sate, - And dar’d not nearer fly, - Nor midst so many deaths to trust her very Deity. - With pitying look she saw at every gate - Death and destruction wait; - She wrung her hands, and call’d on _Jove_, - And all th’ immortal powers above; - But though a Goddess now did prey, - The Heavens refus’d, and turn’d their ear away. - She brought her Olive, and her Shield, - Neither of these Alas! assistance yield. - She lookt upon _Medusaes_ face, - Was angry that she was - Her self of an Immortal Race, - Was angry that her Gorgons head - Could not strike her as well as others dead; - She sate, and wept awhile, and then away she fled. - - -X. - - Now Death began her sword to whet, - Not all the _Cyclops_ sweat, - Nor _Vulcaus_ mighty Anvils could prepare - Weapons enough for her, - No weapon large enough but all the Air; - Men felt the heat within him rage, - And hop’d the Air would it asswage, - Call’d for its help, but th’ Air did them deceive, - And aggravate the ills it should relieve. - The Air no more was Vital now, - But did a mortal poyson grow; - The Lungs which us’d to fann the heart, - Onely now serv’d to fire each part, - What should refresh, increas’d the smart, - And now their very breath, - The chiefest sign of life, turn’d the cause of death. - - -XI. - - Upon the Head first the disease, - As a bold Conqueror doth seize, - Begins with Mans Metropolis, - Secur’d the Capitol, and then it knew - It could at pleasure weaker parts subdue. - Blood started through each eye; - The redness of that Skie, - Fore-told a tempest nigh. - The tongue did slow all ore - With clotted Filth and Gore; - As doth a Lions when some innocent prey - He hath devoured and brought away: - Hoarsness and sores the throat did fill, - And stopt the passages of speech and life; - No room was left for groans or grief; - Too cruel and imperious ill! - Which not content to kill, - With tyrannous and dreadful pain, - Dost take from men the very power to complain. - - -XII. - - Then down it went into the breast, - There are all the seats and shops of life possest, - Such noisome smells from thence did come, - As if the stomach were a tomb; - No food would there abide, - Or if it did, turn’d to the enemies side, - The very meat new poysons to the Plague supply’d. - Next to the heart the fires came, - The heart did wonder what usurping flame, - What unknown furnace should - On its more natural heat intrude, - Strait call’d its spirits up, but found too well, - It was too late now to rebell. - The tainted blood its course began, - And carried death where ere it ran, - That which before was Natures noblest Art, - The circulation from the heart, - Was most destructful now, - And Nature speedier did undoe, - For that the sooner did impart - The poyson and the smart, - The infectious blood to every distant part. - - -XIII. - - The belly felt at last its share, - And all the subtil labyrinths there - Of winding bowels did new Monsters bear. - Here seven dayes it rul’d and sway’d, - And oftner kill’d because it death so long delay’d. - But if through strength and heat of age, - The body overcame its rage, - The Plague departed, as the Devil doeth, - When driven by prayers away he goeth. - If Prayers and Heaven do him controul, - And if he cannot have the soul, - Himself out of the roof or window throws, - And will not all his labour lose, - But takes away with him part of the house: - So here the vanquisht evil took from them - Who conquer’d it, some part, some limb; - Some lost the use of hands, or eyes, - Some armes, some legs, some thighs, - Some all their lives before forgot, - Their mindes were but one darker blot; - Those various pictures in the head, - And all the numerous shapes were fled; - And now the ransackt memory - Languish’d in naked poverty, - Had lost its mighty treasury; - They past the _Lethe_ Lake, although they did not die. - - -XIV. - - Whatever lesser Maladies men had, - They all gave place and vanished; - Those petty tyrants fled, - And at this mighty Conqueror shrunk their head. - Feavers, Agues, Palsies, Stone, - Gout, Cholick, and Consumption, - And all the milder Generation, - By which Man-kind is by degrees undone, - Quickly were rooted out and gone; - Men saw themselves freed from the pain, - Rejoyc’d, but all alas, in vain, - ’Twas an unhappy remedie, - Which cur’d him that they might both worse and sooner die. - - -XV. - - Physicians now could nought prevail, - They the first spoils to the proud Victor fall, - Nor would the Plague their knowledge trust, - But feared their skill, and therefore slew them first: - So Tyrants when they would confirm their yoke, - First make the chiefest men to feel the stroke, - The chiefest and the wisest heads, least they - Should soonest disobey, - Should first rebell, and others learn from them the way. - No aid of herbs, or juyces power, - None of _Apollo’s_ art could cure, - But helpt the Plague the speedier to devour. - Physick it self was a disease, - Physick the fatal tortures did increase, - Prescriptions did the pains renew, - And _Æsculapius_ to the sick did come, - As afterwards to _Rome_, - In form of Serpent, brought new poysons with him too. - - -XVI. - - The streams did wonder, that so soon - As they were from their Native mountains gone, - They saw themselves drunk up, and fear - Another _Xerxes_ Army near. - Some cast into the Pit the Urn, - And drink it dry at its return; - Again they drew, again they drank; - At first the coolness of the stream did thank, - But strait the more were scorch’d, the more did burn; - And drunk with water in their drinking sank: - That Urn which now to quench their thirst they use, - Shortly their Ashes shall inclose. - Others into the Chrystal brook, - With faint and wondring eyes did look, - Saw what a ghastly shape themselves had took, - Away they would have fled, but them their leggs forsook. - Some snach’d the waters up, - Their hands, their mouths the cup; - They drunk, and found they flam’d the more, - And onely added to the burning store. - So have I seen on Lime cold water thrown, - Strait all was to a Ferment grown, - And hidden seeds of fire together run: - The heap was calm, and temperate before, - Such as the Finger could indure; - But when the moistures it provoke, - Did rage, did swell, did smoke, - Did move, and flame, and burn, and strait to ashes broke. - - -XVII. - - So strong the heat, so strong the torments were, - They like some mighty burden bear - The lightest covering of Air. - All Sexes and all Ages do invade - The bounds which Nature laid, - The Laws of modesty which Nature made. - The Virgins blush not, yet uncloath’d appear, - Undress’d do run about, yet never fear. - The pain and the disease did now - Unwillingly reduce men to - That nakedness once more, - Which perfect health and innocence caus’d before. - No sleep, no peace, no rest, - Their wandring and affrighted minds possest; - Upon their souls and eyes, - Hell and Eternal horrour lies, - Unusual shapes, and images, - Dark pictures, and resemblances - Of things to come, and of the World below, - O’re their distemper’d fancies goe: - Sometimes they curse, sometimes they pray unto - The Gods above, the Gods beneath; - Sometimes they cruelties, and fury breath, - Not sleep, but waking now was sister unto death. - - -XVIII. - - Scattred in Fields the Bodies lay, - The earth call’d to the Fowls to take their Flesh away. - In vain she call’d, they come not nigh, - Nor would their food with their own ruine buy, - But at full meals, they hunger, pine, and die. - The Vulters afar off did see the feast, - Rejoyc’d, and call’d their friends to taste, - They rallied up their troops in haste, - Along came mighty droves, - Forsook their young ones, and their groves, - Each one his native mountain and his nest; - They come, but all their carcases abhor, - And now avoid the dead men more - Than weaker birds did living men before. - But if some bolder fowls the flesh essay, - They were destroy’d by their own prey. - The Dog no longer bark’t at coming guest, - Repents its being a domestick Beast, - Did to the woods and mountains haste: - The very Owls at _Athens_ are - But seldome seen and rare, - The Owls depart in open day, - Rather than in infected Ivy more to stay. - - -XIX. - - Mountains of bones and carcases, - The street, the Market-place possess, - Threatning to raise a new _Acropolis_. - Here lies a mother and her child, - The infant suck’d as yet, and smil’d, - But strait by its own food was kill’d. - There parents hugg’d their children last, - Here parting lovers last embrac’d, - But yet not parting neither, - They both expir’d and went away together. - Here pris’ners in the Dungeon die, - And gain a two-fold liberty, - They meet and thank their pains - Which them from double chains - Of body and of iron free. - Here others poyson’d by the scent - Which from corrupted bodies went, - Quickly return the death they did receive, - And death to others give; - Themselves now dead the air pollute the more, - For which they others curs’d before, - Their bodies kill all that come near, - And even after death they all are murderers here. - - -XX. - - The friend doth hear his friends last cries, - Parteth his grief for him, and dies, - Lives not enough to close his eyes. - The father at his death - Speaks his son heir with an infectious breath; - In the same hour the son doth take - His fathers will, and his own make. - The servant needs not here be slain, - To serve his master in the other world again; - They languishing together lie, - Their souls away together flie; - The husband gasp’th and his wife lies by, - It must be her turn next to die, - The husband and the wife - Too truly now are one, and live one life. - That couple which the Gods did entertain, - Had made their prayer here in vain; - No fates in death could then divide, - They must without their priviledge together both have dy’d. - - -XXI. - - There was no number now of death, - The sisters scarce stood still themselves to breath: - The sisters now quite wearied - In cutting single thred, - Began at once to part whole looms, - One stroak did give whole houses dooms; - Now dy’d the frosty hairs, - The Aged and decrepid years, - They fell, and onely beg’d of Fate, - Some few months more, but ’twas alas too late. - Then Death, as if asham’d of that, - A Conquest so degenerate, - Cut off the young and lusty too; - The young were reck’ning ore - What happy dayes, what joyes they had in store; - But Fate, e’re they had finish’d their account, them slew. - The wretched Usurer dyed, - And had no time to tell where he his treasures hid. - The Merchant did behold - His Ships return with Spice and Gold, - He saw’t, and turn’d aside his head, - Nor thank’d the Gods, but fell amidst his riches dead. - - -XXII. - - The Meetings and Assemblies cease, no more - The people throng about the Orator. - No course of Justice did appear, - No noise of Lawyers fill’d the ear, - The Senate cast away - The Robe of Honour, and obey - Deaths more resistless sway, - Whilest that with Dictatorian power - Doth all the great and lesser Officers devour. - No Magistrates did walk about; - No Purple aw’d the rout, - The common people too - A Purple of their own did shew; - And all their Bodies o’re, - The ruling colours bore, - No Judge, no Legislators sit - Since this new _Draco_ came, - And harsher Laws did frame, - Laws that like his in blood are writ. - The Benches and the Pleading-place they leave, - About the streets they run and rave: - The madness which Great _Solon_ did of late - But counterfeit - For the advantage of the State, - Now his successors do too truly imitate. - - -XXIII. - - Up starts the Souldier from his bed, - He though Deaths servant is not freed, - Death him cashier’d, ’cause now his help she did not need. - He that ne’re knew before to yield, - Or to give back, or lead the Field, - Would fain now from himself have fled. - He snatch’d his sword now rusted o’re, - Dreadful and sparkling now no more, - And thus in open streets did roar: - How have I death so ill deserv’d of thee, - That now thy self thou shouldst revenge on me? - Have _I_ so many lives on thee bestow’d? - Have I the earth so often dy’d in blood? - Have I to flatter thee so many slain? - And must _I_ now thy prey remain? - Let me at least, if _I_ must dye, - Meet in the Field some gallant enemy. - Send Gods the _Persian_ troops again; - No they’re a base and a degenerate train; - They by our Women may be slain. - Give me great Heavens some manful foes. - Let me my death amidst some valiant _Grecians_ choose, - Let me survive to die at _Syracuse_, - Where my dear Countrey shall her Glory lose - For you Great Gods! into my dying mind infuse, - What miseries, what doom - Must on my _Athens_ shortly come: - My thoughts inspir’d presage, - Slaughters and Battels to the coming Age; - Oh! might _I_ die upon that glorious stage: - Oh that! but then he grasp’d his sword, & death concludes - his rage. - - -XXIV. - - Draw back, draw back thy sword, O Fate! - Lest thou repent when ’tis too late, - Lest by thy making now so great a waste, - By spending all Man-kind upon one feast, - Thou sterve thy self at last: - What men wilt thou reserve in store, - Whom in the time to come thou mayst devour, - When thou shalt have destroyed all before. - But if thou wilt not yet give o’re, - If yet thy greedie Stomach calls for more, - If more remain whom thou must kill, - And if thy jawes are craving still, - Carry thy fury to the _Scythian_ coasts, - The Northern wildness, and eternal frosts! - Against those barbrous crouds thy arrows whet, - Where Arts and Laws are strangers yet; - Where thou may’st kill, and yet the loss will not be great, - There rage, there spread, and there infect the Air, - Murder whole towns and families there, - Thy worst against those Savage nations dare, - Those whom Man-kind can spare, - Those whom man-kind it self doth fear; - Amidst that dreadful night, and fatal cold, - There thou may’st walk unseen, and bold, - There let thy Flames their Empire hold. - Unto the farthest Seas, and Natures ends, - Where never Summer Sun its beams extends, - Carry thy plagues, thy pains, thy heats; - Thy raging fires, thy tortering sweats, - Where never ray, or heat did come, - They will rejoyce at such a doom, - They’l bless thy Pestilential fire, - Though by it they expire, - They’l thank the very Flames with which they do consume. - - -XXV. - - Then if that banquet will not thee suffice, - Seek out new Lands where thou maist tyrannize; - Search every forrest, every hill, - And all that in the hollow mountains dwell; - Those wild and untame troops devour, - Thereby thou wilt the rest of men secure, - And that the rest of men will thank thee for. - Let all those humane beasts be slain, - Till scarce their memory remain; - Thy self with that ignoble slaughter fill, - ’Twill be permitted thee that blood to spill. - Measure the ruder world throughout, - March all the Ocean shores about, - Only pass by and spare the _British Isle_. - Go on, and (what _Columbus_ once shall do, - When daies and time unto their ripeness grow) - Find out new lands, and unknown countries too. - Attempt those lands which yet are hid - From all Mortalitie beside: - There thou maist deal a victory, - And none of this world hear the cry - Of those that by thy wounds shall die; - No _Greek_ shall know thy cruelty, - And tell it to posterity. - Go, and unpeople all those mighty Lands, - Destroy with unrelenting hands; - Go, and the _Spaniards_ sword prevent, - Go, make the _Spaniard_ innocent, - Go, and root out all man-kind there. - That when the _Europæan_ Armies shall appear, - Their sin may be the less, - They may find all a wilderness, - And without blood the gold and silver there possess. - - -XXVI. - - Nor is this all which we thee grant; - Rather than thou should’st full imployment want, - We do permit in _Greece_ it self thy kingdom plant. - Ransack _Lycurgus_ streets throughout, - They’ve no defence of walls to keep thee out. - On wanton and proud _Corinth_ seise, - Nor let her double waves thy flames appease. - Let _Cyprus_ feel more fires than those of Love, - Let _Delos_ which at first did give the Sun, - See unknown Flames in her begun, - Now let her wish she might unconstant proves, - And from her place might truly move. - Let _Lemnos_ all thy anger feel, - And think that a new _Vulcan_ fell, - And brought with him new Anvils, and new hell. - Nay and at _Athens_ too we give thee up, - All that thou find’st in Field, or camp, or shop, - Make havock there without controul - Of every ignorant and common soul; - But then kind Plague, thy conquests stop; - Let Arts, and let the learned there escape, - Upon _Minerva’s_ self commit no rape; - Touch not the sacred throng, - And let _Apollo’s_ Priests be like him young, - Let him be healthful too, and strong. - But ah! too ravenous plague, whilst I - Strive to keep off the misery, - The learned too as fast as others round me die; - They from corruption are not free, - Are mortal though they give an immortality. - - -XXVII. - - They turn’d their Authors o’re, to try, - What help, what cure, what remedy - All Natures stores against this Plague supply, - And though besides they shunn’d it every where, - They search’d it in their books, and fain would meet it there. - They turn’d the Records of the antient times, - And chiefly those that were made famous by their crimes; - To find if men were punish’d so before, - But found not the Disease nor cure. - Nature alas! was now surpriz’d, - And all her Forces seiz’d, - Before she was how to resist advis’d: - So when the Elephants did first affright - The _Romans_ with unusual fight, - They many battels lose, - Before they knew their foes, - Before they understood such dreadful troops t’oppose. - - -XXVIII. - - Now ev’ry different Sect agrees - Against their common adversary the disease, - And all their little wranglings cease; - The _Pythagoreans_ from their precepts swerve, - No more their silence they observe, - Out of their Schools they run, - Lament, and cry, and groan; - They now desir’d their Metempsychosis; - Not onely do dispute, but wish - That they might turn to beasts, or fowls, or fish. - If the _Platonicks_ had been here, - They would have curs’d their Masters year, - When all things shall be as they were, - When they again the same disease should bear: - And all Philosophers would now, - What the great _Stagyrite_ shall do, - Themselves into the waters head-long throw. - - -XXIX. - - The _Stoick_ felt the deadly stroke, - At first assault their courage was not broke, - They call’d to all the Cobweb aid, - Of rules and precepts, which in store they had, - They bid their hearts stand out, - Bid them be calm and stout; - But all the strength of precepts will not do’t. - They cannot the storms of passions now asswage, - As common men are angry, grieve, and rage. - The Gods are called upon in vain, - The Gods gave no release unto their pain, - The Gods to fear even for themselves began. - For now the sick unto the Temples came, - And brought more than a holy flame, - There at the Altars made their prayer, - They sacrific’d and died there, - A sacrifice not seen before; - That Heaven, onely us’d unto the gore - Of Lambs or Bulls, should now - Loaded with Priests see its own Altars too. - - -XXX. - - The woods gave fun’ral piles no more, - The dead the very fire devour, - And that almighty Conqueror over-power. - The noble and the common dust - Into each others graves are thrust, - No place is sacred, and no tomb, - ’Tis now a priviledge to consume; - Their ashes no distinction had; - Too truly all by death are equal made. - The Ghosts of those great Heroes that had fled - From _Athens_ long since banished, - Now o’re the City hovered; - Their anger yielded to their love, - They left th’ immortal joyes above; - So much their _Athens_ danger did them move, - They came to pity and to aid, - But now alas! were quite dismay’d, - When they beheld the marbles open lay’d, - And poor mens bones the noble Urns invade: - Back to the blessed seats they went, - And now did thank their banishment, - By which they were to die in forreign Countries sent. - - -XXXI. - - But what, Great Gods! was worst of all, - Hell forth its magazines of Lusts did call, - Nor would it be content - With the thick troops of souls were thither sent; - Into the upper world it went, - Such guilt, such wickedness, - Such irreligion did increase, - That the few good who did survive, - Were angry with the Plague for suffring them to live, - More for the living than the dead did grieve: - Some robb’d the very dead, - Though sure to be infected ere they fled, - Though in the very Air sure to be punished. - Some nor the shrines nor temples spar’d, - Nor Gods, nor Heavens fear’d, - Though such examples of their power appear’d. - Vertue was now esteem’d an empty name, - And honesty the foolish voice of fame; - For having pass’d those tort’ring flames before, - They thought the punishment already o’re, - Thought Heaven no worse torments had in store, - Here having felt one Hell, they thought there was no more. - - -=FINIS=. - - - - -[Illustration: (decorative border)] - -A List of some choice Poems, Printed for _Henry Brome_ at the _Gun_ -in _Ivy-lane_. - - Poems {Lyrique, } - {Macronique, } by Mr. _Henry Bold_. - {Heroique, &c. } - -Songs and Poems by Mr. _A. Brome_, the second Edition. - -All the Songs and Poems on the _Long Parliament_, from 1640. till -1661. by Persons of Quality. - -Songs and Poems by the Wits of both Universities. - -_Scarronnides_, or _Virgil Travestie_, a Mock-Poem, being the first -Book of _Virgils Æneis_ in English, _Burlesque_. - -_Scarronnides_, or _Virgil Travestie_, a Mock-Poem, being the fourth -Book of _Virgils Æneis_ in English, _Burlesque_: both by a Person of -Honour. - -Also, a List of what Damages we have received by the _Dutch_; And a -brief History of the late War with the _Turks_. - - -~PLAYES~. - - The English Moor. - The Love-sick Court. - The New Academy. - The Weeding of _Covent-Garden_. - The Royal Exchange. - The Jovial Crew; or the Merry Beggars. - - _All by Mr_. Richard Brome. - - - - -[Illustration: (decorative border)] - - =IMPRIMATUR=, - - Guil. Jane. R. P. D. Hen. Epis. Lond. - à Sacris Dom. - - _Nov._ the _9th_ 1678. - -[Illustration: (decorative border)] - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. - - Preface - Pg 4: ‘must hvve helped’ replaced by ‘must have helped’. - Pg 6: ‘and hononourable’ replaced by ‘and honourable’. - - Poem - Pg 4: ‘great Conqueros’ replaced by ‘great Conquerors’. - Pg 8: ‘within ’um rage’ replaced by ‘within him rage’. - Pg 10: ‘the toof or’ replaced by ‘the roof or’. - Pg 11: ‘Which cur’d ’um’ replaced by ‘Which cur’d him’. - Pg 20: ‘all min-kind’ replaced by ‘all man-kind’. - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PLAGUE OF ATHENS *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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