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If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: A Soldier's Life on the Western Frontier in 1813 - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: July 28, 2021 [eBook #65943] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading - Team at https://www.pgdp.net - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SOLDIER'S LIFE ON THE WESTERN -FRONTIER IN 1813 *** - - - - - A SOLDIER’S LIFE ON THE WESTERN FRONTIER IN 1813 - - - Prepared by the staff of the - Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County - 1953 - - -One of a historical series, this pamphlet is published under the -direction of the governing Boards of the Public Library of Fort Wayne -and Allen County. - - BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE SCHOOL CITY OF FORT WAYNE - - B. F. Geyer, President - Joseph E. Kramer, Secretary - W. Page Yarnelle, Treasurer - Willard Shambaugh - Mrs. Sadie Fulk Roehrs - - PUBLIC LIBRARY BOARD FOR ALLEN COUNTY - -The members of this Board include the members of the Board of Trustees -of the School City of Fort Wayne (with the same officers), together with -the following citizens chosen from Allen County outside the corporate -city of Fort Wayne: - - James E. Graham - Arthur Niemeier - Mrs. Glenn Henderson - Mrs. Charles Reynolds - - - - - FOREWORD - - -The following letter, written by an anonymous author to an unknown -correspondent, vividly depicts the life of an American soldier on the -western frontier during the War of 1812. Reprinted from the WEEKLY -REGISTER, this letter might have been written by a twentieth-century -soldier, for the experiences, hopes, and fears of this enlisted man in -the early nineteenth century are similar to those of an American -serviceman of our own day. Hardships, sufferings, and dangers are -illustrated; but good will, respect for authority, and companionship are -present in no lesser degree. The letter is reprinted as published except -that grammar, spelling, and punctuation have been changed to conform to -current usage. - - Zanesville, Ohio - March 28, 1813 - -When I last wrote you from Upper Sandusky, I confidently expected that -something of considerable importance would have transpired within a very -short time; but, unfortunately, the war in this quarter is protracted to -a much longer period than I contemplated at that time. Indeed, the -best-informed people in the army think that nothing decisive can be done -before next winter. Invasions of a country with militia will never be -successful. Some militiamen will not cross the lines; others will not -submit to any kind of authority; and, in fact, they would all prefer -being at home rather than courting fame on the battlefield. - -The Kentucky and Ohio militia have been discharged for some time; the -Pennsylvania and Virginia militia are to be discharged on April 1; and, -unless other troops arrive, the camp will, in a great measure, be -unprotected. No men will be left except our battalion, consisting of the -Petersburg Volunteers and two companies from Pittsburgh (fifty men in -one and fifteen in the other), together with about three hundred and -fifty regulars. Ensign James G. Chalmers, who is appointed paymaster for -all the twelve-month volunteers, and I left the rapids on the eighth. We -have to remain here until the arrival of the district paymaster. - - [Illustration: uncaptioned] - -The next day after the date of my letter from Upper Sandusky, we left -that place for the rapids, together with three hundred militia under the -command of Major Orr. We had with us twenty pieces of heavy artillery -and a quantity of military stores of every description. At this time we -knew nothing of the unfortunate events at the Raisin River. On the -second day of our march, a courier arrived from General Harrison; the -artillery was ordered to advance with all possible speed. This was -rendered totally impossible by the falling snow; it was a complete swamp -nearly all the way. On the evening of the same day, news arrived that -General Harrison had retreated to the Portage River, eighteen miles in -the rear of the encampment at the rapids. It was determined that as many -men as could be spared should proceed immediately to reinforce him. It -is unnecessary to state that we were among the first who wished to -advance. - -At two o’clock the next morning, our tents were struck; and in half an -hour we were on the road. I will candidly confess that on that day I -regretted being a soldier. We marched thirty miles in incessant rain; -and I am afraid you will doubt my veracity when I tell you that in eight -miles of the best road, we sank into mud over the knees and often to the -middle. The Black Swamp (four miles from the Portage River and four -miles in extent) would have been considered impassable by all except men -who were determined to surmount every difficulty to accomplish the -object of their march. In this swamp one loses sight of terra firma -altogether. The water was about six inches deep on the ice, which was -very rotten and often broke through to a depth of four or five feet. - -That same night we encamped on very wet ground, but the driest that we -could find; the rain still continued. It was with difficulty that we -built fires; our clothes were wet. We had no tents, no axes, nothing to -cook in, and very little to eat. Since a brigade of pack horses was near -us, we procured some flour from them; we killed a hog as there were -plenty of them along the road. Our bread was baked in the ashes, and the -pork we broiled on the coals. A sweeter meal I have never eaten. When we -went to sleep, it was on two logs laid close together to keep our bodies -from the damp ground. Good God! What a pliant being is man in adversity. -The loftiest spirit that ever inhabited the human breast would have been -tamed amid the difficulties that surrounded us. - -The next morning we arrived at the headquarters of the northwestern army -on the Portage River. During our stay here, we were in constant -expectation of an attack. For several nights we went to sleep with our -muskets in our arms and all our accoutrements fixed for action. On the -arrival of the brigades of General Leftwich and General Crook [sic] from -Sandusky, we marched for the rapids. The Kentucky and the Ohio troops -had then only six days to serve. In a speech to them, the General -pledged to take them to Malden in twenty days, which pledge would have -been fulfilled if the cannon and military stores could have been got on. -When we arrived at the rapids, the advance guard discovered that one of -the three persons, who had been sent to Malden with a flag two days -previously, had been killed and scalped by the Indians. The other two -(we have since heard) are prisoners at Malden. So little does our enemy -respect the laws of nations. - -The encampment, protected by nature in three quarters by a steep, high -bank, is opposite the Michigan Territory in a fine situation; the whole -is picketed. The stores are deposited in eight blockhouses, built around -the picketing. All of the encampment is nearly in a complete state of -defense. The handsomest country along this river is in the vicinity of -the camp, but all is a scene of desolation. After Hull’s surrender, the -whole country was laid waste by the Indians. Every half mile there had -been a house; the only remaining indication of habitation is the ruins -that cover the ground where houses once stood! - -A few days after our arrival, a detachment, of which our company was a -part, was sent out to attack a considerable party of Indians fifteen -miles down the river. We started as night set in and marched all the way -on the ice. About two o’clock we came near the place where we expected -to surprise the enemy. We were put in order of battle and instructed to -proceed in silence. - - “Still was the pipe and drum— - Save heavy tread, and armor’s clang, - The sullen march was dumb.” - -In a few minutes enemy forces were in sight; they were nearly a mile off -in a bend of the river. When we were within gunshot (I could hear the -men cocking their pieces), our company, to a man, was even at that -moment cheerful and gay! Fear was far distant from our ranks; and I do -sincerely believe that, had the enemy not flown previous to our arrival, -we would all have realized the expectations of our friends. Some of -their spies (as we have since heard from prisoners from Malden) saw us -on our march, and as a consequence they made a precipitate retreat. We -followed them to within five miles of the Raisin River and returned to -camp without any rest, except for two hours. We were absent twenty-one -hours, during which time we marched more than sixty miles. You are -already acquainted with the particulars of the last unfortunate account -at the Raisin River, likewise the failure of the expedition to destroy -the “Queen Charlotte.” Our company marched as far as the mouth of Lake -Erie to reinforce the men of the first party, but we met them on their -return. We have all built small houses, which make us very comfortable, -in front of the tents. - - [Illustration: uncaptioned] - -The camp duty is very severe; there are no tents or houses for the guard -when the men are off their posts, so that it is equally as pleasant for -them to be at their posts as off. They are forbidden to leave the -rendezvous of the guard. Every other day a man mounts guard; on the day -that intervenes, he is at work within the camp. Major Alexander, who -commands the battalion, is as fine a fellow as I ever knew. The most -perfect harmony exists between the Pittsburgh company and ours; they are -the only two companies of twelve-month volunteers in camp, and the only -companies that wear uniforms. A generous emulation exists between them, -which is of infinite service to both. Officers and men all mingle -together. We visit each other’s tents of an evening, sing, tell stories, -play music, and drink grog when we can get it (which, by the bye, is not -often the case; sutlers are not permitted to sell spirits in the camp). - -Poor Edmund S. Gee is no more! I saw him breathe his last. We consigned -him to his mother earth with all the decency our circumstances would -permit. We had it not in our power to dress his corpse in all the pomp -and pageantry of sorrow. The tears of his companions, more eloquent than -all the parade that sable weeds could bestow, were his due; and those he -had! All the battalion attended the funeral, as did General Leftwich, -who requested the chaplain to perform a funeral service, a thing not -done on any similar occasion. - -Chalmers and I will return to the camp in a few days. It is dangerous to -travel the roads in small parties, as the Indians are all around the -camp. We will be obliged to remain in the settlement until some troops -are going on. The day before we left the camp, a lieutenant was shot and -scalped within sight of the camp. Another man was shot at, but -fortunately in his side pocket he had a Bible, which arrested the course -of the ball and saved his life. There are one hundred miles of road -between here and the rapids without a single inhabitant—all a -wilderness. - - -WEEKLY REGISTER, May 8, 1813 - - - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - -—Silently corrected a few typos. - -—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook - is public-domain in the country of publication. - -—Retained editorial notes, i.e. “[sic]” from the printed edition. - -—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by - _underscores_. - - - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SOLDIER'S LIFE ON THE WESTERN -FRONTIER IN 1813 *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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