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If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Crater Lake National Park, Oregon (1958) - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: July 25, 2021 [eBook #65917] - -Language: English - -Produced by: Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading - Team at https://www.pgdp.net - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, -OREGON (1958) *** - - - Cover: _Wizard Island. Llao Rock in the background._ - - - - - CRATER LAKE - NATIONAL PARK - OREGON - - - - - Contents - - - Welcome 3 - Discovery and History 4 - The Geological Story of Crater Lake 4 - Wildlife 7 - Map 8 - Forests and Wildflowers 10 - Interpretive Service 12 - What To See and Do 12 - How To Get to the Park 14 - Accommodations and Camping 14 - Miscellaneous Services 15 - Mission 66 15 - Administration 15 - Help Us Protect This Park 16 - Visitor Use Fees 16 - - [Illustration: National Park System] - - - - -The National Park System, of which this park is a unit, is dedicated to -conserving the scenic, scientific, and historic heritage of the United -States for the benefit and enjoyment of its people. - - [Illustration: Department of the Interior] - - UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR - Fred A. Seaton, _Secretary_ - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, Conrad L. Wirth, _Director_ - - - - - CRATER LAKE - National Park - - - _Open All Year_—Regular Season, June 15 to September 15 - - - - - _Welcome_ - - -The superintendent and the staff of Crater Lake National Park welcome -you to this area of the National Park System. We hope that your stay -here will be pleasant and inspiring. - -Here in this park you encounter beauty—beauty in a wonderful combination -of form and substance and sparking color—great curving walls of rock and -sand, green spires of fir and hemlock, and the brilliant reflections of -Crater Lake. All this is a part of a remarkable volcanic story. - -On this spot, a few thousand years ago, stood the mighty 12,000-foot -volcano, Mount Mazama. This great mountain discharged a tremendous -quantity of ash and lava, causing the mountaintop to collapse, and -creating a caldera, which now contains the unbelievably blue Crater -Lake. It is the central feature of this 250-square-mile National Park on -the crest of the Cascade Range in southern Oregon. - -A major charm of Crater Lake is that the whole lake and its setting can -be taken in by the eye at one time. Yet its size is impressive. The lake -is about 20 square miles in area, 6 miles wide, and has 20 miles of -shoreline. The surrounding cliffs rise as much as 2,000 feet to the -uneven crater rim which averages about 7,000 feet in elevation. - - - - - WILD ANIMALS - -It is dangerous for you to get near wild animals though they may appear -tame. Some have become accustomed to humans, but they still are wild and -may seriously injure you if you approach them. Regulations prohibiting -feeding, teasing, touching, or molesting wild animals are enforced for -your safety. - - - - - _Discovery and History_ - - -The Klamath Indians knew of, but seldom visited Crater Lake. They -regarded the lake and the mountain as the battleground of the gods. The -lake was discovered on June 12, 1853, by John Wesley Hillman, a young -prospector leading a party in search of a rumored “Lost Cabin Mine.” -Having failed in their efforts, Hillman and his party returned to -Jacksonville, a mining camp in the Rogue River Valley, and reported -their discovery which they had named Deep Blue Lake. - -On October 21, 1862, Chauncey Nye, leading a party of prospectors from -eastern Oregon to Jacksonville, happened upon the lake. Thinking that -they had made a discovery, they named it Blue Lake. A third “discovery” -was made on August 1, 1865, by two soldiers stationed at Fort Klamath, -who called it Lake Majesty. In 1869 this name was changed to Crater Lake -by visitors from Jacksonville. - -Before 1885 Crater Lake had few visitors and was not widely known. On -August 15 of that year William Gladstone Steel, after 15 years of effort -to get to the lake, stood for the first time on its rim. Inspired by its -beauty, Steel conceived the idea of preserving it as a National Park. -For 17 years, with much personal sacrifice, he devoted time and energy -to this end. Success was realized when the park was established on May -22, 1902, with W. F. Arant as its first superintendent. Steel continued -to devote his life to development of the park, serving as its second -superintendent and later as park commissioner, which office he held -until his death in 1934. - - - - - _The Geological Story of Crater Lake_ - - -Origin of the Mountain. The slope, which you ascend to view the lake, -and the caldera wall rising 500 to 2,000 feet above the water, are -remnants of Mount Mazama. - -In comparatively recent geologic time, numerous volcanic peaks were -formed near the western edge of a vast lava plateau covering parts of -Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, and California. These are -the Cascade Range, of which Mount Mazama was one of the commanding -peaks. It was built by successive lava flows with some accumulation of -volcanic ash. The cone thus formed was modified by streams and glaciers -which carved valleys in its sides and deposited rock debris on its -flanks. The layered character and different formations of the mountain -are now clearly exposed in numerous places within the caldera wall. - - -Forming of Dikes. In addition to broad surface flows, it is common for -molten lava to be squeezed into cracks, or fissures, that develop in a -volcano. Such filling results in dikes, or walls, frequently harder than -the enclosing rock. At Crater Lake the destruction of the mountain and -subsequent erosion have exposed numerous dikes in the wall, of which the -Devil’s Backbone on the west wall is an outstanding example. - - -Action of Streams and Glaciers. In the layers forming the crater wall -there is evidence of the action of water. In some places this is shown -by the cutting of valleys; in others, by the accumulation of -water-carried gravel and boulders. - -Glacial ice, carrying sand, pebbles, and boulders, scratches and -polishes rock surfaces over which it moves. Glacial polish and thick -beds of glacial debris are common around the mountain. They occur on the -surface rock and between earlier layers, showing that glaciers existed -at various stages in the history of the mountain. - -U-shaped valleys, such as Kerr Notch, Sun Notch, and Munson Valley on -the southeast slope of Mount Mazama, are evidence of glaciation. The -lava flow which formed Llao Rock filled an ancient glacial notch. - - -Forming of the Caldera. Many geologists have concluded that the basin -occupied by the lake resulted from the collapse and subsidence of the -volcanic cone of Mount Mazama. This explanation was first proposed by J. -S. Diller, of the United States Geological Survey, who considered that -the support of the summit was weakened by drainage of great quantities -of molten rock through subterranean cracks. The pit thus formed grew -progressively larger in all directions, as is indicated by the broken -edges exposed around its rim today. Extensive study by Prof. Howel -Williams, of the University of California, led him to practically the -same conclusion. - -In his delightful, popular, and scientifically accurate book, _Crater -Lake, The Story of Its Origin_, Williams describes great quantities of -pumice extending more than 80 miles northeast of Mount Mazama. This -pumice was blown from the mountain in a catastrophic event and carried -northeastward by the prevailing winds. Analysis shows that this is -material derived from the heart of the volcano and not finely divided -fragments of the original mountain walls. - -Following this eruption, the crater is believed literally to have boiled -over, pouring out great quantities of frothy material as a series of -glowing avalanches. These avalanches must have traveled at a terrific -speed down the valleys, for those to the south and west did not begin to -deposit their load until they had reached a distance of 4 to 5 miles. -The greater quantity flowed down the mountain to the south and southwest -for distances up to 35 miles from the source. The total volume of the -ejected lava was about 5 cubic miles. It is believed that an additional -1.5 cubic miles of old rock were carried away at the same time. - -Accompanying these eruptions, which occurred within the past 7,000 -years, cracks developed in the flanks of the mountain so that the top -collapsed, being engulfed in the void produced by the ejection of the -pumice and lava and the withdrawal of 10 cubic miles of molten rock into -swarms of cracks that probably opened parallel to the axis of the -Cascade Range. Thus was formed the great pit that was to become Crater -Lake. - -By projecting the slopes of the mountain remnant upward, conforming to -the slopes of similar volcanoes, it has been estimated that -approximately 17 cubic miles of the upper part of ancient Mount Mazama -was destroyed by the collapse. - - -The Growth of Wizard Island. After the destruction of the peak, -volcanic activity within the caldera produced Wizard Island and perhaps -other cones. These cones rise above a relatively flat floor, the lowest -part of which is almost 2,000 feet below the surface of the present -lake. - - [Illustration: _Hillman Peak—Highest Point on Rim of Crater Lake_] - - -Origin of the Lake. The water of Crater Lake comes from rain and snow. -The average annual precipitation is 69 inches. The lake has no inlet and -no outlet, except seepage. Evaporation, seepage, and precipitation are -in a state of relative balance which maintains an approximately constant -water level. In 1957, the lake level was the highest recorded since -1908. There is an annual variation of from 1 to 3 feet, the level being -highest in spring and lowest in autumn. - - -Color of the Lake. The deep blue of the lake is believed to be caused -chiefly by the scattering of sunlight in water of exceptional depth and -clearness, the blue rays of sunlight being bent back upward, rays of -other colors being absorbed. - - - - - _Wildlife_ - - -Mammals. There are about 60 kinds, of which the golden-mantled ground -squirrels are among the most conspicuous. They resemble large chipmunks -but have stockier bodies, shorter tails and no stripes on their heads. -On each side there is a broad, white stripe sandwiched between two dark -stripes. Two species of true chipmunks with striped heads also are -numerous. The small, tree-inhabiting chickaree, dark brown above and -whitish below, is common; and the porcupine is frequently seen. It is -advisable to enjoy these and all other small mammals without actual -contact because occasionally they carry diseases which can become -serious if transmitted to humans. - -The large fat-bodied marmot (a mountain woodchuck) lives in high rocky -places and on roadsides. The plaintive bleating “yenk, yenk” of the tiny -“rock rabbit” (cony) issues from crevices in the talus. Snowshoe hares, -brown in summer and white in winter, are sparingly present around forest -clearings, such as at the south and east entrances. - -Martens are rather common; they are slim brown animals somewhat like -large minks but they can climb trees like squirrels. Less often seen are -weasels, badgers, minks, red foxes, and coyotes. The gray fox, bobcat, -and mountain lion (cougar) are rare. - -American black bears are fairly common and may be encountered in many -parts of the park. Usually they are black, but many shades of brown also -occur, just as hair color varies among people. Do not let bears get -close to you. Many people have been painfully clawed when these animals -have lost their natural fear of man and have learned to beg for food. DO -NOT FEED THE BEARS! Feeding them is unlawful, and violating this -regulation seriously endangers other park visitors by encouraging the -bears to beg. - -The comparatively small and dark “black-tailed” deer of the Pacific -Coast is the most common form, particularly on the west side of the -park. The larger, lighter-colored mule deer occurs around meadows on the -east side of the park, including Rim Drive. - - - - - _Map_ - - - [Illustration: Map] - - LET’S NOT BE GUILTY OF STARTING A FOREST FIRE. - ALWAYS USE CAR ASH TRAYS. - COMPLETELY EXTINGUISH MATCHES AND CIGARETTES BEFORE THROWING AWAY. - BE SURE CAMPFIRE IS OUT. - - -Birds. More than 120 kinds of birds have been recorded. On the rim, -the harsh-voiced Clark’s nutcracker is the most conspicuous. It is a -little larger and more heavily built than a jay and has a long sharp -bill. The bird’s overall color is light gray, the wings are black with a -large white patch, and the tail is conspicuously white with black -central tail feathers. Two jays are also numerous at times on the rim, -the dark-blue Steller’s jay which has a long, blackish crest, and the -uncrested gray jay (“camp robber”) which has a short bill, a dark patch -on the back of the head, a white crown, and whitish underparts. - -Eagle Crags have furnished nesting places for both the golden and -American eagles which sometimes may be seen flying over the lake. Llao -Rock is the home of falcons. Double-crested cormorants may perch on the -“masts” of the Phantom Ship, and California gulls are seen regularly on -the lake. The sooty grouse inhabits the fir forests from which its -ventriloquial booming call issues in the spring. Several species of -ducks and geese use the lake during migration, and the Barrow’s -golden-eye and merganser nest there occasionally. - -Other species most likely to be observed are the horned owl, red-tailed -hawk, sparrow hawk, nighthawk, rufous hummingbird, olive-sided -flycatcher, raven, mountain chickadee, red-breasted nuthatch, dipper -(along streams and on the lake shore), robin, hermit thrush, -russet-backed thrush, mountain bluebird, golden-crowned kinglet, Audubon -warbler, western tanager, evening grosbeak, Cassin purple finch, rosy -finch (vicinity of snow banks), pine siskin, Oregon junco, chipping -sparrow, and fox sparrow. - - - - - _Forests and Wildflowers_ - - -The virgin forests and wildflower meadows mantling the slopes, which one -ascends to view Crater Lake, are outstanding attractions enhancing the -scenic value of the lake. Scattered through the forests of predominantly -cone-bearing trees are a few broad-leaved species. Colorful meadows of -alpine wildflowers are found around numerous springs which form the -sources of many creeks on the outer slope of the mountain. - -Plants characteristic of four zones of vegetation are found within the -park, yielding over 570 species of ferns and flowering plants. Patches -of Douglas-firs, typical of the humid division of the upper Transition -Zone, occur in the region of the park lying on the western slope of the -Cascade Range. The semi-humid division of the zone, characterized by the -ponderosa pines, largest trees in the park, may be found at the south -entrance of the park. Associated with it are sugar pines, white firs, -and western white pines. Above the Transition is the Canadian Zone in -which occur lodgepole pines, Shasta red firs, alpine firs, and mountain -hemlocks. - -In the rim area around Crater Lake, Hudsonian Zone species are found. -These include mountain hemlocks (the most predominant trees in the -park), alpine firs, Shasta red firs, and whitebark pines. Stunted -whitebark pines predominate on the slopes of Mount Scott, the summit -being in the Alpine-Arctic Zone. - -During July and August, you will find Nature’s colorful displays of -alpine wildflowers on the road between park headquarters and Rim Village -and along the trails on the crater rim. These displays change with each -week of the short flowering season. - - [Illustration: _Phantom Ship. Applegate and Garfield Peaks are - reflected in Crater Lake._] - -Castle Crest Wildflower Garden, near park headquarters, is one of the -most attractive and ideal places for viewing and studying Crater Lake -flora. Throughout the summer, you may study the exhibits of fresh -flowers displayed at the Information Building in the Rim Village. - - - - - _Interpretive Service_ - - -During the summer, daily interpretive service is scheduled by the -National Park Service. Informal talks are given at Sinnott Memorial, and -evening programs are held in the Community House, both in Rim Village. -Field trips start from the Information Building on the rim just west of -the lodge. Rim Drive bus trips begin at the lodge. Boat trips, when in -operation, start at the foot of the Lake (Crater Wall) Trail. - -Programs of current interpretive activities are posted at several places -in the park. - -The Sinnott Memorial, with its broad terrace overlooking the lake, -serves as an orientation point. It is located close to the lodge and the -Rim Campground. Pictorial displays in the exhibit room portray artists’ -conceptions of the varying moods of the lake. Field glasses and a large -relief map of the region are located on the terrace. - - - - - _What to See and Do_ - - -Rim Drive. Many spectacular views may be had from numerous observation -points along this road which encircles the caldera. - - -Wizard Island. This symmetrical cinder cone, towering some 760 feet -above the surface of the lake, is reached by boat. A trail leads from -the shore to the crater, which is approximately 90 feet deep and 300 -feet in diameter. - - -The Phantom Ship. Rising about 160 feet above the waters of the lake, -this island resembles a ship under sail. The best views of the Phantom -Ship are obtained from the launches and from Kerr Notch along the Rim -Drive. - - -Garfield Peak. A 1.7-mile trail, east of the lodge, leads to Garfield -Peak. From its summit, elevation 8,060 feet, there is a magnificent view -of the lake and surrounding region. - - -The Watchman. This peak, on the west rim, may be reached by a -half-mile trail from the rim road. A rare panorama of the park and -surrounding country may be viewed from the fire lookout, 8,025 feet -above sea level and about 1,850 feet above the lake. - - -Cloudcap. On the east rim, and rising to an elevation of more than -8,000 feet, Cloudcap provides an excellent observation point. - - -Mount Scott. East of Cloudcap is Mount Scott, the highest point in the -park, reaching an altitude of 8,938 feet. Its summit, on which there is -a fire-lookout station, is accessible by a 2.5-mile trail from Rim -Drive. - - -The Pinnacles. In Wheeler Creek, near the east boundary of the park, -are slender spires of pumice. Some of the needles are 200 feet high. In -Sand Creek Canyon and Godfrey’s Glen, in Annie Creek Canyon, there are -other spires and fluted columns carved out of the soft volcanic material -by water erosion. - - -Other Places of Interest in the Park and Vicinity. Hillman Peak, 8,156 -feet, is the highest point on the rim, rising nearly 2,000 feet above -the lake. Palisade Point, Kerr Notch, and the Wineglass are low points -on the rim, being slightly more than 500 feet above the lake. - - [Illustration: _Natural ski run cut by old rock slide._] - - -Hiking. Besides the longer hikes mentioned in preceding paragraphs, -there are delightful short walks, such as along Discovery Point Trail on -the rim, and through Castle Crest Wildflower Gardens. - -Those who desire information about other interesting places in the park -and vicinity are invited to inquire at park headquarters or the -Information Building. - - -Fishing. Angling amid the scenic beauty of Crater Lake is an -experience long to be remembered. No fish were native to Crater Lake; -the first planting of rainbow trout was made in 1888 by William G. -Steel. In recent years only rainbow trout and sockeye (kokanee) salmon -have been planted. Trolling has proved to be the most successful method -of fishing. The daily limit is 10 fish per person. From about mid-July -to Labor Day, rowboats are available. Shore fishing usually may be -enjoyed from the latter part of June until late September, depending on -weather conditions. No license is needed to fish in Crater Lake. -Possession or use of fish as bait is not allowed. - - -Winter Visits. Since the park is open the year round, you may enjoy -Crater Lake’s fantasy of snowy splendor and participate in winter -sports. Two trails from the Rim Village to park headquarters are -maintained for skiers in winter. Professional ski meets are discouraged -and amateur sports encouraged. - -There are no overnight accommodations in the park from about September -15 to June 15, but warming-room facilities are provided at Rim Village. - -The west and south entrance roads to the Rim Village area are open to -motor travel. You should be well supplied with gasoline and oil, as they -are not available in the park in winter. Tire chains, tow rope, and -shovel are necessary accessories. - -Rangers are on duty to render service all year. - - - - - _How to Get to the Park_ - - -By Common Carrier. The Southern Pacific Railroad, several airlines, -and bus lines serve Medford, Klamath Falls, and Grants Pass, Oreg. -Pacific Trailways buses, operating on daily schedules through the park, -connect with points north and south from about June 15 to September 15. - - -By Automobile. Paved State highways connect with the park road system -at all entrances. State Route 62 connects the west entrance of the park, -through Medford, with U.S. 99, 199, and 101. It also leads from the -south entrance to U.S. 97. From the north entrance, connection is made -with U.S. 97 via State Route 230. The roads through the west and south -entrances to the rim are maintained as all-year roads. _The north -entrance road and Rim Drive are closed approximately September 25 to -July 1 depending on snow conditions._ - - - - - _Accommodations and Camping_ - - -Rim Village (900 feet above the lake) includes the lodge, sleeping -cabins, cafeteria, store, campground, picnic area, Community House, -Information Building, and Sinnott Memorial. The lake is accessible by -trail from Rim Village. - - -Accommodations, which include sleeping cabins and single and double -rooms at the lodge, are available from about June 15 to September 15. -Information regarding rates may be obtained from the Crater Lake -National Park Company (winter address, Box 968, Spokane, Wash.; summer, -Crater Lake, Oreg.). It is imperative that reservations be made well in -advance and be accompanied by a deposit and a request for confirmation -of availability. - -There are dining-room facilities in the lodge. The cafeteria, which is -near the campground and cabins, is open from 7 a. m. to 8:30 p. m. - - -Campgrounds. There are three main campgrounds open from about July 1 -to September 30. _Mazama Campground_, near the junction of the south and -west entrance roads, and _Rim Campground_, close to Rim Village, have -fireplaces, tables, water and flush toilets. _Lost Creek Campground_ in -the southeast part of the park and 12 miles from park headquarters, has -fireplaces, tables, and water, but toilets are most primitive. - -Camping is limited to 30 days. No reservations for campsites can be -made. - - - - - _Miscellaneous Services_ - - -Launches and Rowboats. A number of trips are made daily, during the -summer, by launch from the boatlanding at the foot of the lake trail to -Wizard Island. Private boats are not permitted on the lake, but rowboats -may be hired at the boatlanding. - -One of the popular attractions is the 2½-hour launch trip around the -lake, leaving the boatlanding at 9 o’clock each morning during the -boating season. A naturalist accompanies this trip. Boating services are -provided by the Crater Lake National Park Company. - - -Other Services. The post office and long-distance telephone and -telegraph services are located in the administration building at park -headquarters. The post office address is Crater Lake, Oreg. Guests of -the Crater Lake National Park Company should have mail addressed in care -of Crater Lake Lodge to insure prompt delivery. - -A gasoline station is maintained during summer on the road near park -headquarters. No storage or repair facilities, however, are available -within the park. In case of accident or mechanical failure, towing -service must be obtained from outside the park. - -Time and place of church services are posted in the lodge, information -building, and cafeteria. - - - - - _Mission 66_ - - -Mission 66 is a program designed to be completed by 1966 which will -assure the maximum protection of the scenic, scientific, wilderness, and -historic resources of the National Park System in such ways and by such -means as will make them available for the use and enjoyment of present -and future generations. - - - - - _Administration_ - - -Crater Lake National Park is administered by the National Park Service -of the United States Department of the Interior. A superintendent is in -immediate charge of the park, with offices in the administrative center, -3 miles from Rim Village. Communications regarding the park should be -addressed to the Superintendent, Crater Lake National Park, Crater Lake, -Oreg., during the summer and to Box 672, Medford, Oreg., from October to -June. - - - - - _PARK RANGERS AND NATURALISTS_ - -Park rangers are the protective force of the park. They are on duty to -enforce park regulations, and to help and advise you. Consult them if -you are in any difficulty. - -Park naturalists are here to help you understand the park. They, too, -welcome your observations and your inquiries. - - - - - _Help Us Protect This Park_ - - -Park regulations are designed for the protection of the natural features -and for your comfort and convenience. The following synopsis is for your -guidance: - -Fires. Light carefully and only in designated campgrounds. Extinguish -completely before leaving camp, even for a temporary absence. Do not -guess your fire is out—KNOW IT. One spark may start a forest fire, -destroy the beauty of the park, and endanger many lives. Throwing -burning materials from car windows constitutes a fire threat and is -unlawful in most western States. - -Camps. Use designated campgrounds and keep them clean. Burn combustible -rubbish on campfires, and place other refuse of all kinds in garbage -cans or pits provided for the purpose. Only down material may be used as -firewood. - -Trash. Do not throw paper, lunch refuse, or other trash over the rim, on -walks, trails, roads, or elsewhere. Carry until you can burn in camp or -place in receptacle. - -Trees, Flowers, and Animals. The destruction, injury, disturbance, or -removal in any way of trees, flowers, birds, or animals is prohibited in -order that everyone may enjoy the beauties of nature. - -Noises. Please do not be noisy in camp before 6 a. m. and after 10 p. m. -Many people come to the park for rest. - -Automobiles. Drive carefully. Speeds limits, which vary for different -sections of the park, are posted. - -Pets. When not in an automobile, dogs, cats, and other pets must be on -leash or otherwise under physical restrictive control at all times. They -are not permitted in the lodge, in the dining room, the store, other -public buildings or on any of the trails. - -Warning About Bears and Deer. Do not feed, touch, tease, or molest the -bears and deer. Bears will enter or break into automobiles if food that -they can smell is left inside. They will also rob your camp of -unprotected food supplies. - -Fishing. Open season: Streams, June 15-September 10; Crater Lake, when -trail is open. The limit is 10 fish per day for each person fishing. No -fishing license is necessary. Possession of bait fish, or the use -thereof as bait, is not allowed. - -Accidents. Report all accidents and injuries as soon as possible to the -ranger office at park headquarters. - -Complete rules and regulations are available at park headquarters. - - - - - _VISITOR USE FEES_ - - -Automobile, housetrailer, and motorcycle permit fees are collected at -entrance stations. When vehicles enter at times when entrance stations -are unattended, it is necessary that the permit be obtained before -leaving the park and be shown upon reentry. The fees applicable to the -park are not listed herein because they are subject to change, but they -may be obtained in advance of a visit by addressing a request to the -superintendent. - -All national park fees are deposited as revenue in the U. S. Treasury; -they offset, in part, appropriations made for operating and maintaining -the National Park System. - -Revised 1958 - - U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1958—O-458046 - - - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - -—Silently corrected a few typos. - -—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook - is public-domain in the country of publication. - -—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by - _underscores_. - - - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, -OREGON (1958) *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. 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