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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6f76b7a --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #65027 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/65027) diff --git a/old/65027-0.txt b/old/65027-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 585b12c..0000000 --- a/old/65027-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1581 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Narrative of Some Remarkable Incidents in -the Life of Solomon Bayley, by Solomon Bayley - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: A Narrative of Some Remarkable Incidents in the Life of Solomon - Bayley - Formerly a Slave, in the State of Delaware, North America - -Author: Solomon Bayley - -Release Date: April 08, 2021 [eBook #65027] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Nick Wall, Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed - Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was - produced from scanned images of public domain material from - the Google Books project.) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A NARRATIVE OF SOME REMARKABLE -INCIDENTS IN THE LIFE OF SOLOMON BAYLEY *** - -A - -NARRATIVE - -OF SOME REMARKABLE INCIDENTS, - -In the Life of - -SOLOMON BAYLEY, - -FORMERLY - -A SLAVE, - -IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE, NORTH AMERICA; - -WRITTEN BY HIMSELF, - -AND PUBLISHED FOR HIS BENEFIT; - -TO WHICH ARE PREFIXED, A FEW REMARKS BY - -ROBERT HURNARD. - -“Persecuted, but not forsaken; cast down, but not destroyed.”--II. Cor. -iv. 9. - -LONDON: PRINTED FOR HARVEY AND DARTON, GRACECHURCH STREET; W. BAYNES & -SON, PATERNOSTER-ROW; AND P. YOUNGMAN, WITHAM AND MALDON. - -1825. - - - - -WITHAM AND MALDON: -PRINTED BY P. YOUNGMAN. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -In presenting the following fragments to the attention of the public, -it appears necessary to state the manner in which they came into my -possession, and to give the reader a brief account of the Author, -Solomon Bayley. - -During the early part of my residence in America in the year 1820, I -met with the piece containing the account of his escape from slavery, -with the mental and bodily trials he underwent, resulting from that -step: being much interested in the perusal of this simple and unadorned -narrative, I was induced to make some inquiry into the character and -circumstances of a man, the recital of whose sufferings and wrongs had -deeply excited my sympathy. The information which, in consequence, -I obtained from many respectable inhabitants of Wilmington, where -I then resided, was in all respects gratifying, so far as related -to his character; and was, besides, such as to induce a hope that -his situation in life was about to become comparatively easy and -independent. - -I learned that at one period of his life he had been instructed in the -business of a cooper, and for some time had wrought at that trade; -but feeling some scruples in his mind with regard to following an -occupation which he believed had a tendency, though a remote one, to -promote the sale and consumption of ardent spirits, he conscientiously -forsook that employment, under the persuasion that the frequent -and indiscriminate use of distilled spirituous liquors, had proved -as injurious to the moral and religious growth of society, as it -was admitted to be subversive of health, and the bane of domestic -happiness. He then engaged himself as a labourer in husbandry; and -while deriving his support from this employment, he one day happened to -meet with the Governor of the State of Delaware; and believing it to be -his duty to speak to him on the great responsibility of the station in -which he was placed, and on the importance of a faithful occupation of -the talents committed to his charge, the worthy Governor was so well -pleased with his communication, that he shortly after promoted Solomon -to the oversight of one of his farms, admitting him as a joint sharer -with himself in the profits. This mode of farming, which requires -great confidence on one side, and skill and industry on the other, is -not uncommon in America; the landlord usually finding all the necessary -implements and stocking the farm, and the tenant, the requisite labour -to manage the concern. But I subsequently learned that he did not long -enjoy the above mentioned situation, as the Governor was soon after -removed by death. He then engaged himself in the employment of a person -at Camden, where with his wife he now resides.--Solomon was moreover -described to be estimable as a religious character, remarkably humble, -patient of wrong, poor as to worldly possessions, but rich in faith and -in many other christian virtues: such was the account which was given -me of this extraordinary man. - -Feeling a strong inclination to see and converse with one, whom, from -the description of his character, I already esteemed; I requested a -friend who had known him many years, and whom he sometimes visited, -to introduce me to his acquaintance, when he should next come to -Wilmington; this he did, and on a more intimate knowledge obtained in -subsequent interviews, the favourable sentiments I at first conceived -of his integrity and worth, were fully and satisfactorily confirmed, -heightened as they were, by his solid instructive conversation, and I -may add, the just sense he appeared to entertain of divine things. - -It was in some of these interviews, that among other circumstances of -his life, he related the affecting account of the sale and purchase -of his only son, whom he afterwards lost by death; he also mentioned -several particulars of his two daughters, whom he had placed out in the -service of respectable families, but who, on account of ill health, -had returned home, and died within a short period of each other. -While narrating in my family the particulars of these severe domestic -bereavements, which he did with great feeling and sensibility, it -was evident that he was no stranger to the source from whence true -consolation is derived. - -In common with my brethren of the same religious profession, and -with many philanthropists of other persuasions, I had long felt a -warm interest towards the descendants of Africa generally: but the -peculiar regard which was awakened in my mind, towards this deserving -individual, made me anxious to obtain more of his history, especially -when I had a prospect of returning to my native country. I therefore -determined to obtain from him as much of it as he should be free to -communicate, and wrote to him two or three times on the subject. -We lived fifty miles apart, and my avocations, as well as his, -precluded our meeting again. I wished to possess it in his own simple, -unvarnished style; but Solomon being a self-taught penman, and ignorant -of orthography, though willing to oblige me if he could, made many -objections on the ground of his incapacity and the advanced period of -his life: he was, however, at length induced to comply with my request, -and in a while forwarded me such parts as I had particularly requested. - -I cannot but regret that the manuscript is so disjointed and -incomplete, being written and forwarded to me at different times; but -imperfect as it is, it appeared too interesting and valuable, to be -restricted to the circle of my own acquaintance; and I offer it to a -candid public, presuming that every indulgence on this score will be -granted to a man, whose life has been chiefly spent in slavery and -servitude. - -Solomon is in connexion with that body of Christians, called -Methodists; and my last communication from him, sufficiently evinces -on what grounds he has believed himself called to the ministry. From -the general tenor of his writings, and from this letter in particular, -I leave the serious reader to form his own judgment, whether he be not -rightly called and qualified to be engaged in that important service. - -I wish it to be understood, that it is intended to transmit the whole -of the profits of the publication to America, for the benefit of the -aged couple; and I hope the friends of humanity generally, will, for -this purpose, assist in promoting an extensive circulation of the -tract; by so doing, they will also contribute to place SLAVERY in a new -and appalling light. - -This narrative discloses the melancholy and incontrovertible fact, -that the rights of Slaves are shamefully invaded in a country, where a -man is suffered to go unpunished, who has dared to sell and transport -those, who are legally entitled to their freedom, by his own voluntary -act: and if such be the case in America, notwithstanding all the -vigilance of her abolition societies, it may be asked, what presumption -have the friends of this injured people to hope, that any real benefit -can result from the tardy and temporizing measures, which have been -introduced into the British West India Colonies, where no public bodies -are organised to take cognizance of their wrongs. - -A period of nearly twenty years has elapsed, during which the friends -of gradual manumission have been lulled by hope, and cheated by -disappointed expectation; and when it is considered, that at this -moment England retains nearly eight hundred thousand human beings, and -America more than fifteen hundred thousand, in this cruel state of -bondage, it remains even now a doubt, whether the present generation -will witness the end of this aggravated evil, unless prompt and more -vigorous measures be taken for its immediate extinction. - -R. HURNARD. - -KELVEDON, ESSEX, -1ST MONTH, 1825. - - - - -NARRATIVE, &c. - - -Solomon Bayley, unto all people, and nations, and languages, grace be -unto you, and peace from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ. - -Having lived some months in continual expectation of death, I have -felt uneasy in mind about leaving the world, without leaving behind -me some account of the kindness and mercy of God towards me. But when -I go to tell of his favours, I am struck with wonder at the exceeding -riches Of his grace. O! that all people would come to admire him for -his goodness, and declare his wonders which he doth for the children -of men. The Lord tried to teach me his fear when I was a little boy; -but I delighted in vanity and foolishness, and went astray. But the -Lord found out a way to overcome me, and to cause me to desire his -favour, and his great help; and although I thought no one could be more -unworthy of his favour, yet he did look on me, and pitied me in my -great distress. - -I was born a slave in the state of Delaware, and was one of those -slaves that were carried out of Delaware into the state of Virginia; -and the laws of Delaware did say, that slaves carried out of that state -should be free; whereupon I moved to recover my freedom. I employed -lawyers, and went to court two days, to have a suit brought to obtain -my freedom. After court I went home to stay until the next court, which -was about six weeks off. But two days before the court was to sit, I -was taken up and put on board of a vessel out of Hunting Creek, bound -to Richmond, on the western shore of Virginia, and there put into -Richmond jail, and irons were put on me; and I was brought very low. In -my distress I was often visited with some symptoms of distraction. At -length I was taken out of jail, and put into one of the back country -waggons, to go toward the going down of the sun. Now consider, how -great my distress must have been, being carried from my wife and -children, and from my natural place, and from my chance for freedom. - -On the third day my distress was bitter, and I cried out in my heart, -‘I am past all hope:’ and the moment I said I was past all hope, -it pleased the father of all mercy to look on me, and he sent a -strengthening thought into my heart, which was this: that he that made -the heavens and the earth, was able to deliver me. I looked up to the -sky, and then to the trees and ground, and I believed in a moment, that -if he could make all these, he was able to deliver me. Then did that -scripture come into my mind, which I had heard before, and that was, -“they that trust in the Lord, shall never be confounded.” I believed -that was a true word, and I wanted to try that word, and got out of the -waggon; but I thought I was not fit to lay hold of the promise: yet -another thought came into my mind, and that was, that I did not know -to what bounds his mercy would extend. I then made haste and got out -of the waggon, and went into the bushes; I squatted down to see what -would follow. Now there were three waggons in company, and four white -people; they soon missed me, and took out one of the horses and rode -back, and were gone about three-quarters of an hour, and then returned, -and put the horse in the waggon again, and went on their way; and that -was the last I ever saw or heard of them. I sat still where I was till -night, and then walked out into the road and looked up to the sky, -and I felt very desolate. Oh! the bitterness of distress which I then -felt, for having sinned against God; whom if I had been careful to obey -in all things, he would have spared me all my troubles. Oh! it is a -dangerous thing to cast off fear, and to restrain prayer before God. If -we do that which we believe will please him, with a desire to obtain -his favour, it is a real prayer; but if we do, or say, that which we -believe will displease him, that is to cast off fear, and to restrain -prayer before him. - -When night came and I walked out of the bushes, I felt very awful. I -set off to walk homewards, but soon was chased by dogs, at the same -house where the man told the waggoner he had taken up a runaway three -days before. But it pleased the highest, to send out a dreadful wind, -with thunder and lightning, and rain; which was the means by which I -escaped, as I then thought, as I travelled along that night. Next day -I was taken with the dysentery, which came on so bad, I thought I must -die; but I obtained great favour, and kept on my feet, and so I got -down to Richmond; but had liked to have been twice taken, for twice I -was pursued by dogs. - -But after I got to Richmond, a coloured man pretended to be my -friend, and then sent white people to take me up; but a little while -before they came, it came expressly into my mind, that he would prove -treacherous and betray me. I obeyed the impression immediately, and -left the place I was in, and presently there came with clubs to take -me, as it did appear, two white men and a coloured man. When I saw them -I was in an hollow place on the ground, not far from where the coloured -man left me: at sight of them I was struck with horror and fear, and -the fear that came into my soul, took such an impression on my animal -frame, that I felt very weak: I cried to the Maker of heaven and earth -to save me, and he did so. I lay there and prayed to the Lord, and -broke persimmon tree bushes, and covered myself: when night came on, I -felt as if the great God had heard my cry. Oh! how marvellous is his -loving kindness toward men of every description and complexion. Though -he is high, yet hath he respect unto the lowly, and will hear the cry -of the distressed when they call upon him, and will make known his -goodness and his power. - -I lay there till night, and then with great fear I went into the town -of Richmond, and enquired the way over the river to go to Petersburgh, -where I staid near three weeks, in which time, severe and painful were -my exercises: I appeared to be shut up in such a straight case, I could -not see which way to take. I tried to pray to the Lord for several -days together, that he would be pleased to open some way for me to get -along. And I do remember, that when I was brought to the very lowest, -suddenly a way appeared, and I believe it was in the ordering of a good -providence. - -It was so; there came a poor distressed coloured man to the same house -where I had taken refuge: we both agreed to take a craft, and go down -James’ River, which was attended with great difficulty, for we met -with strict examination twice, and narrowly escaped; we had like to -have been drowned twice, once in the river, and once in the bay. But -how unable were we to offer unto God that tribute of praise due to his -name, for the miracle of grace shewn to us in our deliverance! Surely -wisdom and might are his, and all them that walk in pride he is able to -abase. Oh! - - - “Let all the world fall down and know - “That none but God such power can shew.” - - -We got safe over to the eastern shore of the Chesapeake Bay, where his -wife and mine were. And now, reader, I do not tell thee how glad I was, -but will leave thee to judge, by supposing it had been thy own case. We -landed near Nandew, and then started for Hunting Creek, and we found -both our wives; but we found little or no satisfaction, for we were -hunted like partridges on the mountains. - -My companion got to work on board of a vessel to get clams, perhaps -to get some money to bring suit for his freedom, (as he had been sold -like me, out of the state of Delaware,) if his master should come after -him from the back countries, who he said, lived about three hundred -and thirty miles from the eastern shore; but poor fellow, they went on -board of the vessel where he had been at work, and talked of taking him -up and putting him in jail, and of writing to his master in the back -countries. He was said to tell them, that he had rather die than to -be taken and carried away from his wife again: and it was said, they -went down into the cabin and drank, and then came up on deck and seized -him, and in the scuffle he slipped out of their hands, and jumped -overboard, and tried to swim to an island that was not far off; but -they got out the tow boat and went after him, and when they overtook -him, he would dive to escape, and still he tried to reach the island: -but they watched their opportunity as he rose, when they struck him -with the loom of the oar, and knocked his brains out, and he died. And -now, reader, consider if you had been carried away from your wife and -children, and had got back again, how hard it would seem to be, to be -thus chased out of the world; but the great God, whose eyes behold the -things that are equal, he continues to make such repent, either in this -world, or in the world to come. And now, readers, you have heard of the -end of my fellow-sufferer, but I remain as yet, a monument of mercy, -thrown up and down on life’s tempestuous sea; sometimes feeling an -earnest desire to go away and be at rest; but I travel on, in hopes of -overcoming at my last combat. - -But I will go on to tell of my difficulties. After I came over the bay, -I went to see my wife, but was still in trouble; and it was thought -best to leave the state of Virginia and go to Dover, and then if my -master came after me, to bring suit at Dover, and have a trial for my -freedom. The distance from where I then was to Dover, was about one -hundred and twenty miles: so I started and travelled at nights, and lay -by in the day time. I went on northwards, with great fear and anxiety -of mind. It abode on my mind that I should meet with some difficulty -before I got to Dover: however I tried to study on the promises of -the Almighty, and so travelled on until I came to a place called -Anderson’s Cross-Roads; and there I met with the greatest trial I ever -met with in all my distress. But the greater the trial, the greater the -benefit, if the mind be but staid on that everlasting arm of power, -whom the winds and the waves obey. It was so, that I called at them -cross-roads, to enquire the way to Camden, and I thought I would go -to the kitchen, where the black people were; but when the door was -opened, it was a white man I saw, of a portly appearance, with a sulky -down look. Now the day was just a breaking: he raised up out of his -bed, and came towards the door and began to examine me, and I did not -know what to say to him; so he soon entangled me in my own talk, and -said, I doubt you are a lying: I said I scorn to lie; but I felt very -weak and scared, and soon bid him farewell and started. I went some -distance along the road, and then went into the woods, and leaned my -back against a tree to study, and soon fell to sleep; and when I waked, -the sun was up, and I said to myself, if I stand sleeping about here, -and that man that examined me in the morning comes to look for me and -finds me, he may tie me before I get awake; for the poor fellow that -came across the bay with me told me, that he travelled all night, and -in the morning he met a coloured man, and passed on, and went into the -woods and lay down, and went to sleep; and he said there came white -men and tied him, and waked him up to go before the justice; but so it -was, he got away from them and found me at Petersburgh. So considering -on what he had told me, and that man’s examining me in the morning, -made me I did not know what to do. I concluded to look for a thick -place and lay down, and then another thought came into my mind, and -that was, to look for a thin place, and there lie down. So I concluded -to do so; withal I thought to take a sally downwards, as I enquired of -the man to go upwards, I thought by going a little downwards, would -be a dodge, and so I should miss him: I thought this plan would do. I -then looked for a thin place, and lay down and slept till about nine -o’clock, and then waked; and when I awoke, I felt very strange: I said -to myself I never felt so in all my distress: I said something was -going to happen to me to-day. So I studied about my feelings until -I fell to sleep, and when I awoke, there had come two birds near to -me; and seeing the little strange looking birds, it roused up all my -senses; and a thought came quick into my mind that these birds were -sent to caution me to be away out of this naked place; that there was -danger at hand. And as I was about to start, it came into my mind with -great energy and force, “if you move out of this circle this day, you -will be taken;” for I saw the birds went all round me: I asked myself -what this meant, and the impression grew stronger, that I must stay in -the circle which the birds made. At the same time a sight of my faults -came before me, and a scanty sight of the highness and holiness of the -great Creator of all things. And now, reader, I will assure thee I was -brought very low, and I earnestly asked what I should do: and while I -waited to be instructed, my mind was guided back to the back countries, -where I left the waggons about sixty or seventy miles from Richmond, -towards the sun-setting; and a question arose in my mind, how I got -along all that way, and to see if I could believe that the great God -had helped me notwithstanding my vileness. I said in my heart, it must -be the Lord, or I could not have got along, and the moment I believed -in his help, it was confirmed in my mind, if he had begun to help me, -and if he did send those birds, he would not let anything come into -the circle the birds had made; I therefore tried to confirm myself in -the promises of God, and concluded to stay in the circle; and so being -weary, travelling all night, I soon fell to sleep; and when I awaked, -it was by the noise of the same man that examined me in the morning, -and another man, an old conjuror, for so I called him. And the way they -waked me was by their walking in the leaves, and coming right towards -me. I was then sitting on something about nine inches high from the -ground, and when I opened my eyes and saw them right before me, and -I in that naked place, and the sun a shining down on me about eleven -o’clock, I was struck with dread, but was afraid to move hand or foot: -I sat there, and looked right at them; and thought I, here they come -right towards me; and the first thought that struck my mind was, am I -a going to sit here until they come and lay hands on me? I knew not -what to do; but so it was, there stood a large tree about eleven or -twelve yards from me, and another big tree had fallen with the top -limbs round it: and so it was, through divine goodness, they went the -other side of the tree, and the tree that had fallen, was between them -and me. Then I fell down flat upon my face, on the ground; as I raised -up my head to look, I saw the actions of this old craftsman; he had a -stick like a surveyor’s rod; he went along following his stick very -diligently. The young man that examined me in the morning, had a large -club, with the big end downwards, and the small end in his hand; he -looked first one side, and then on the other: the old man kept on away -past me about sixty yards, and then stopped; and I heard him say, “he -h’ant gone this way.” Then he took his stick and threw it over his -shoulder, and pointed this way and that way, until he got it right -towards me; and then I heard him say, “come let us go this way.” Then -he turned his course and came right towards me: then I trembled, and -cried in my heart to the Lord, and said, what shall I do? what shall I -do? and it was impressed on my mind immediately, “Stand still and see -the salvation of the Lord;” the word that was spoken to the children of -Israel when at the Red Sea. And I said in my heart, bless the Lord, O -my soul; I will try the Lord this time. Here they come; and still that -word sounded in my heart; “Stand still and see the salvation of the -Lord.” They came not quite so near me as the circle the birds had made, -when the old man sheered off, and went by me; but the young man stopped -and looked right down on me, as I thought, and I looked right up into -his eyes; and then he stood and looked right into my eyes, and when he -turned away, he ran after the old man, and I thought he saw me; but -when he overtook the old man, he kept on, and then I knew he had not -seen me. Then I said, bless the Lord, he that gave sight to man’s eyes, -hath kept him from seeing me this day: I looked up among the trees, and -said, how dreadful is this place. I said, two great powers have met -here this day; the power of darkness, and the power of God; and the -power of God has overthrown the power of darkness for me a sinner. I -thought I must jump and shout, but another thought struck my mind, that -it was not a right time to shout; I therefore refrained. But my heart -was overwhelmed at the sight of the goodness and power of God, and his -gracious readiness to help the stranger in distress: though he is high, -yet hath he respect unto the lowly. It is a solemn truth, he is nigh to -all them that call on him, with a view to his greatness and their own -nothingness: I felt greatly at loss to know how to adore him according -to his excellent greatness. I said, has the maker of heaven and earth -took my part? I said again, what could all the world do in comparison -with him? I now believed if every body in the world was engaged against -me, that he was able to deliver me out of their hands. - -After a while I moved out of that place, and went away to a small -stream of water, and staid there a little while, and then went out of -that neighbourhood. But whether I did right or not, I know not; for -in moving out of that circle so quickly, I became so bewildered as to -be quite lost, and did not know what course to take, or what to do; -and I thought it was because my faith failed me so quickly. Oh! what -pains God doth take to help his otherwise helpless creatures. O that -his kindness and care were more considered and laid to heart, and then -there would not be that cause to complain that “the ox knoweth his -owner, and the ass his master’s crib, but Israel doth not know, my -people doth not consider.” Oh! how marvellous is his loving-kindness -toward people of every description, both high and low, rich and poor. -O that all people would study to please him, for his goodness and his -power; for his wisdom is great, and he knoweth how to deliver all those -that look unto him, and will pass by none, no not the least of all his -human creatures; and he will make them see that they are of more value -than many sparrows; and that they are not their own, but that they are -bought with a price. - -Now unto the king immortal, invisible, the only wise God, be glory and -honour, dominion and power, now and for ever. Amen. - -After this, my understanding was opened to see for what purpose this -last trial had happened unto me; and it was impressed on my mind -that I had come through difficulties and troubles, in order that my -faith and confidence might be tried; and that I might be made strong -in the faith to believe that so high and holy an one, who had thus -marvellously preserved me, would hereafter help so poor an object as -me, out of his great mercy and condescension, and that I might be -afraid again to sin against his majesty, who had suffered me to be thus -sorely tried, that I might see the greatness of my past transgressions, -and his boundless loving-kindness and mercy. - - -END OF PART I. - - - - -SECOND PART. - - [What follows, was written and communicated to me at my request, - but without any idea on the part of the writer, of the purpose to - which I designed it; the originals of which, if desired, may be - seen by application to me, in order to satisfy any who might feel - a doubt with regard to the faithfulness of the transcript. I can - however, assure the reader, that the alterations I have ventured - to make, have been almost altogether confined to the spelling.--R. - H.] - - -7th Mo. 24, 1799, I got to Camden. I will yet go on to shew the reader -my uneasiness of mind after I got to Camden. I then thought I wanted -a preparation to adore the goodness of God, that had begun with me in -the back countries, and had brought me through so many difficulties; -but with shame I must confess, I sang his praise, but soon forgot his -works: yet the great God pitied me, and exercised a careful constant -mind towards me, for my good: Oh! how deceitful is the heart of man. - -But not long after I got to Camden, my master came from the state of -Virginia, to Camden, Kent County, state of Delaware, where he found me; -whereas he had not seen me since he put me aboard of the back country -waggon, which, as I suppose, is near three or four hundred miles from -Camden: upon first sight he asked me what I was a going to do? I says, -how, master? he asked me, how did I think I was a going to get free, by -running and dodging about in that manner? I said, why, master, I have -suffered a great deal, and seen a great deal of trouble, I think you -might let me go for little or nothing: he said, I wont do that, but I -will give you the same chance I gave you before I sent you away; give -me forty pounds bond and security, and you may be free: but I replied, -I work hard at nights to get a little money to fee my lawyers, and if -it had been right for me to be free, I ought to have been free without -so much trouble; he asked me who I blamed for my trouble? I answered, -I did not consider that I was to blame: Ah! said he, you can see other -people’s faults, but cannot see your own. I said, master, you can’t -blame me for a thing I never did; Ah! said he, my wrongs don’t make -your’s right, and that word put me to silence; but I thought where -the laws of the land made liberty the right of any man, he could, not -be wrong in trying to recover it: but finally he sold me my time for -eighty dollars and I dropped the lawsuit. I went to work, and worked it -out in a shorter time than he gave me, and then I was free from man. - -And when I came to think that the yoke was off my neck, and how it was -taken off, I was made to wonder, and to admire, and to adore the order -of kind providence, which assisted me in all the way. But I found in me -a disposition to wander from the path of life, and forget the favour -bestowed upon me, and went astray too shameful to be mentioned. - -But in this lost condition there came a reasoning to me, to consider -where I was a going, and where I should end; and to consider on the -shortness of time, and the length of eternity: and a thought came into -my mind, assuring me that my life was in the hand of God, and that he -was looking for better behaviour from me; and that he was angry with me -every day; and that he had whetted his sword, and made ready his arrows -to shoot at me. Then my understanding began to be enlightened, to see -my dreadful state by nature; and the more I considered on the nature -and heinousness of my sin, both in thought, word, and deed, the more I -was distressed in mind; but I found the sentence of death was passed -against me, and it pressed on my mind, if I kept on going against -light, I should soon feel the heat of the burning lake, or the misery -of those that are driven to darkness at death. And when I considered -the power of God, and for that power to be poured out upon me to all -eternity, I began then to examine into my state and condition, and I -found I had a falling spirit, prone to evil as the sparks fly upward; -then I set myself to think how I could escape the misery that was -coming on me. I considered my punishment would be as bad as those that -went to darkness in old time: then I began to consider what God had -done to save mankind from that fearful condition; and while I thought -on the many ways he had taken to shew his earnest mind to save sinners, -this consideration moderated my distress; but when I remembered my own -ways that were not good, I felt ashamed even to lift my eyes to heaven -to ask pardon for my sins; but the shortness of time, and the length of -awful eternity, so arrested my mind, that I was made to realize eternal -misery, and to cry like Jonah, as out of the belly of hell, for mercy -and for pardon for all my sins. Oh! the thought of being amongst that -black crew, when the Lord rains down snares, fire, and brimstone, and -horribleness, terrified me much. - -And now, reader, I will here record that God is rich in mercy, towards -sinners of the deepest die; for when every other method failed, to shew -his steadfast mind to save me, he sent a little boy to me with his -finger at a text in a sermon book, “The wicked is driven away in his -wickedness, but the righteous hath hope in his death;” the same text I -had heard a methodist preacher take on a funeral occasion; then that -little boy coming to me with his finger pointing at the same in the -sermon book, it was about noon, the people nearly all gone to meeting, -and I reading very earnest in the Testament: I took the book and began -to read, and it pleased infinite goodness to look on me from the throne -of his highness, and being unwilling that I should perish eternally, he -sent down his awakening power, and I was made to quake and tremble; and -an impression abode on my mind, that God was a true, and a just, and a -holy God, and that no unclean thing could rest in his holy habitation. -I saw I was a sinner condemned to die, but a call reached my soul, -“take heed that you entertain no hopes of heaven, but what are built on -a solid foundation;” a question arose in my mind, what foundation I had -to hope for heaven? I examined and found I had none but what was built -on the sand, and at death I must fall into hell; which caused a cry -to be started from my heart to my maker, what I should do? a thought -passed through my mind to make a resolution to amend my way, and turn -and be good, but a second thought came powerfully into my mind, if -I made another resolution and broke it as I had done, the door of -mercy would be for ever shut against me. Then the good spirit brought -to my mind the dangers and deaths from which I had been delivered, -through the mercy of an indulgent God, and how I had called on him in -trouble and he delivered me, and had answered me in the secret place -of thunder; and it was pressed on my mind, that it was too dangerous -to make another fool’s start: then I sensed to be in the wilderness, -not knowing what to do: a thought arose in my mind, you have got into -a pretty fix now, afraid even to make a resolution of amendment; then -an enquiry again arose in my heart, from that depth of thought, what I -should do? at the same time the hand-writing of God appeared against -me, and that power that once shook the earth, shook my soul and body: -it pressed on my mind, that it was the great power of God: and that -word came into my mind, “they that resist shall receive to themselves -damnation;” at the same time, the spirit of truth brought all things -to my remembrance, my sins old and new, little and big, and I saw how -hateful they all were in the sight of a holy God. Now let the Lord be -praised both now and for ever, for the exceeding riches of his grace -to all who will look at their sins, and his goodness, and consider and -think, before it be too late, and be sorry, and turn from the evil of -their ways, that they may understand the truth. - -And now, reader, attend to the word sent to me in my distress, which -was this: “believe on the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou -shalt be saved.” Oh! then, and not till then, did I ever desire saving -faith; but I could not attain to it by all the exertion I could make: -but Oh! reader, I found here in my distress, that faith is the gift of -God, and that grace is not sown in the heart, till the heart is broken -and contrite; that is, in earnest to study and enter into the saving -plan of life and salvation, which is: “Let the wicked, forsake his -way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts, and let them turn unto the -Lord, and he will have mercy upon him, and abundantly pardon all that -is passed.” But when I was put to the test to try my faith, I found -I had none: then in the bitterness of my spirit, I desired the Lord -to give me to feel the power of saving faith; and I struggled to lay -hold on that word, “Ask and ye shall receive, seek and ye shall find;” -but a question made me quake--which question was this: is your heart -right? then I trembled, but could not tell whether my heart was right -or not; and while I desired to know myself, this form passed through -my mind; “Are you willing now to renounce the devil and all his works, -and all the pomp and vanity of this wicked world, and all the sinful -lusts of the flesh;” and I was enabled in my sinking, distressed state, -to forsake every forbidden way for the sake of peace and pardon.--Then -did God send down the power of saving faith; then, Oh! how terrible I -saw the length, and breadth, and depth, and height of God’s eternal -law: I also saw that heaven and earth would pass away, before one jot -or tittle of his law should fail, or fall to the ground. Man must be -converted, or never enter into the kingdom of heaven. A thought came -into my heart, to go out to some secret place to pray; and as I walked, -I trembled, and when I got to the place, I could only pray, “Lord have -mercy upon me.” I cried as if falling into black despair, and having -consented to forsake every wrong way, God, for Christ’s sake, had mercy -on me, and pardoned my sins: Glory be to God, for ever and ever, Amen. -Oh! praise the Lord, whose mercy is over all his works, from generation -to generation, who hath put down the mighty from their seats, and -hath exalted them of low degree, and ever holds his servant Israel in -remembrance of his mercy. Oh! how faithful and true he is, to all who -will yield to the striving of his spirit in their own hearts, before it -takes its everlasting flight. Oh! how careful ought we to be, for fear -we be left to ourselves; then blindness of mind, and hardness of heart -will take place, and the soul be left to stumble on the dark mountains -of unbelief, on which many have stumbled since the world began for not -following the light that visits their mind; which appeareth in youth, -and continueth with some shorter, and some longer, according to the -entertainment this heavenly messenger gets in the hearts of all people. -Oh! reader, think how many are now in the road to ruin, who are still -slighting the call of grace; and if they keep on, must overtake them -that are there already; and now I pray that none that sees this, may -ever go another step towards the pit, from whence there is no return. - - - “Oh! that all may taste and see - “The riches of his grace: - “The arms of love that compass me, - “Would all mankind embrace!” - - -Having given the reader a short account of the abundant mercy bestowed -on me by a bountiful God, who is engaged to raise poor sinners from a -depth of sin and shame, to the height of happiness and glory; and if -they yield to him he will do it, for faithful is he that has called -you, who also will do it, if ye be willing and obedient. I now return -to give the reader an account of the difficulties I met with, in buying -my wife. - -She was born a slave, and continued a slave till she was about -thirty-two years of age, and I about twenty-eight years old; and having -paid for myself, and got a little money beforehand, I was provoked -to purpose buying of her. Before this, she and her master had fallen -out, and he purposed to send her, and our first daughter, about three -months old, away to the back countries; and how to do I did not know: -to go with her I knew not where, or buy her at his price, brought me -to a stand: and while I was perplexed, there came a messenger to me, -who said her master had carried the negro buyer with him from court, -in order to sell her to him; but when they were about to count out the -money, his daughter broke out and cried in such a distressing manner, -for my little daughter, that it caused him to recant at that time; but -he made two more attempts, but was misput most providentially. At the -same time, her master and I were both on one class-paper, which made -it very trying to me, to keep up true love and unity between him and -me, in the sight of God: this was a cause of wrestling in my mind; but -that scripture abode with me, “He that loveth father or mother, wife -or children, more than me, is not worthy of me;” then I saw it became -me to hate the sin with all my heart, but still the sinner love: but -I should have fainted, if I had not looked to Jesus, the author of my -faith: but I would remark, that at the very moment I was about to give -up, the Lord appeared for my help, to my great surprise. It pleased -almighty goodness, to give my wife’s mistress that power which cut -Rahab and wounded the Dragon; and she spoke with such concern of mind -and said, “Oh do let Solomon have her; I have been afraid to speak, -but I want him to have her, he appears to want to have her;” and these -words, with a few more I omit, were attended with such force to her -master’s mind, that he gave up with a whining tone, and said “He may -have her;” so I hired her, and took her away the same day. After the -year was out I went to pay him his money for her hire, and it being on -a meeting day, some friends there who saw me pay the money, said to me, -“you had better buy your wife at once;” her master answered, “I want -him to buy her:” then they insisted on knowing his price; he said, “a -hundred dollars, and give in all the hire;” which was fifty dollars -less than ever he had mentioned before: I then said I would undertake -it: then they insisted we should have it in writing, and we had it so. -Thus I entered purchase of my wife, one hundred and three dollars and -a third, which is thirty one pounds Virginia money. When the articles -were drawn, I desired the writer to put down what was paid, and what -was due; and then went on working and paying, until I had paid all but -forty dollars and four-pence. - -But here I will mention a remarkable circumstance: I grew uneasy about -my wife and me living together without being married; and while I was -studying how to bring it about, a tradition arose in the methodist -church, to turn out all free members, that lived together as man and -wife without being married: at the same time, preaching being held -at her master’s house, the day came round for meeting; after public -meeting, the class was called, when to my great surprise, the preacher -asked me if I was free? I answered “yes:” he asked “if I had a wife?” I -said “yes:” he asked, “are you married?” I answered “no:” he asked “if -my wife was free?” I said “no, not properly so:” he asked “who had any -claim on her?” the class leader said “Brother Melson:” the preacher -asked me “if I was willing to be married?” I answered “yes,” and added, -“I had been concerned about it, but did not know how to bring it to -pass:” the preacher said, “it is easy driving when we are willing;” -and then, before the society, added his reason as above, and said, “I -suppose Brother Melson will have no objection.” Melson, her master, -answered, “they may be married, and welcome, for what I care:” then -said the preacher, “you can just give him an instrument to the clerk -of the court, and he can get a licence and be married, and finish your -business afterwards:” he then wrote to the same effect, and I went and -got a licence, and we were married according to law. - -Now the reader may take notice, that when we bargained, her master -agreed to free her upon my paying him his money, or give me a bill -of sale to empower me to free her; but after I had paid him about -sixty-three dollars, he then took pet, and said “he would take her -away, without I paid him all,” which was forty dollars and four-pence -due: now he had given me receipts for all the money I had paid him, -but no bill of sale or freedom. By this time my wife had one child -after we bargained: he said he “would have the negroes or money;” but -we being married, according to law, it made her mine; and the Judge of -the court told me, “that her master could not get her, nor any more -money:” but I felt easiest to do according to bargain, if he would -fulfil according to agreement: but it was with great difficulty I got -him to fix the business; when done, then I paid him, and then she was -manumitted free, and I desired rest. - -But I had one child in bondage, my only son, my first-born son; and -having worked through the purchase of myself and wife, I thought I -would give up my son, to the ordering of divine providence. So we -worked on and got to farming, and were favoured, so that we did not -fall through in twelve or thirteen years, renting land, and paying up, -and keeping clear of the world. - -Now the reader may take notice, that as I was going on thus, my son’s -master died; and his property had to be sold, and my son had to be -sold, as the other property, at public sale: the back-woods-men being -come over, and giving such large prices for slaves, it occasioned a -great concern to come over my mind; and I began to tell my concern to -some friends, white and coloured, rich and poor; and they all with one -accord persuaded me to buy him, that is, my son: I answered I could -have no heart, because he was appraised at the death of his master at -four hundred dollars; it being the latter end of the war in America, -1813, and the times dark and dull, I was much afraid to attempt to buy -him: but I told my friends what was like to befal me, that when my son -was nine months old, then I was sent away from him, as I told the -reader in the beginning of my journal, and then I went through a fit of -distress, and now he is like to be sent away from me, and then I shall -have to go through another fit, and it will seem like double trouble: -but my friends and neighbours continued pressing it on me, to meet the -day of sale, and buy him; and finally I concluded to do it, and met the -day of sale. - -Then the crier made a noise in the court yard, before the court house -door, and said, “a likely young negro fellow for sale,” and then asked -for a bid; the second time he asked for a bid, I bid two hundred -dollars, which was half what he was appraised to, at the death of -his master. As soon as ever I had bid two hundred dollars, the man, -I feared would buy and sell him to the back-country men, bid three -hundred and thirty three dollars and a third, which was thirty-three -dollars and a third more than I had intended to bid, which beat down -all my courage. But a thought struck me, don’t give out so, so don’t; -so I bid a shilling: then the same man bid twenty dollars, which was -three hundred and fifty-four dollars: at that I sighed, and thought -I must give him up, and let him go; but a thought came into my mind, -to bid one time more, and not bid any more, if he went to the West -Indies: so I bid a cent; but the crier said, no Solomon, not a cent, -a shilling: well says I, let it go. As soon as my bid was confirmed, -the same man went on, and I gave up then. My son had chosen a master, -a justice of peace in town, said to be a good master, who had promised -me before the sale began, that if he saw me give up, he would try and -buy him; so he began and moved him up to three hundred and fifty-seven -dollars, then he gave up. Then three great men, who had agreed to be -my securities, were standing by; one of them was a methodist preacher, -very rich; he looked at me as if he pitied me, and when he saw my son -was likely to go off the wrong way, he says, “three shillings;” and -when he spoke I cried, and turned off, and went and leaned against the -court house, under a weight of concern; and as I was considering, that -word came into my mind, “this is their hour and the power of darkness,” -so I gave him up then. Now it did appear, the very moment I gave him -up, and hope left me, then help came; for it pleased the Most High, who -pitieth every sorrowful soul, in the riches of his mercy, to look on -two young men that were acquainted with me, and to touch their hearts -with such a sense of sympathy and pity towards my case, that they could -not endure; and the dear young neighbour man, a great man’s son, says -to my young master, who were both standing in the ring looking on, he -says, “I had rather give twenty dollars out of my own pocket, than -Solomon should not get him; but if Solomon will bid once more, I will -give him four dollars:” my young master answered, “if you will give him -five dollars, I will give him five dollars,” and says, “let us go and -tell him;” so they both came to me, as I was leaning against the court -house wall, and said in a moving tone, “Solomon, if you will bid one -more bid, we will give you five dollars a piece;” I turned round and -says, “a shilling,” which was a shilling upon three hundred and sixty -dollars. Then a great man said, “there, let the old man have him, he -is his son, he wants him, he can get security;” they kept at that till -the switch went down; so he was knocked off to me at three hundred and -sixty dollars and a shilling. Then the tender-hearted young man, that -first proposed to my young master, went into the store, and brought -five round silver dollars, and gave to me in the office, where I went -to sign the bond; then three of my securities agreed upon the spot, to -make me up twenty dollars at the day of payment. - -By this time I got raised up from my sadness, and went out after I -had signed the bond, so much revived and clothed with such a spirit -of faith and courage, believing a way would be opened for me to get -through, though I could not tell how; but as I came out of the office, -I met the executor and administrator who said to me, “well, Solomon, -you have got Spence after all;” I said, “yes, master George, but I -gave up, and if it had not been for those men who pitied me, and who -did as they did, I never should have got him, and now what will you -give me?” He put his hand into his pocket, and pulled out a round -silver dollar and gave me, which caused me to rejoice more for that -one dollar, than for the twenty dollars promised me just before in -the office: and now I will give the reader my reason why I rejoiced -more for the one than for the twenty dollars; because two days before -the sale, he, the executor and administrator, offered a challenge to -me and to them I trusted in, touching the sale of my son; now as he -was the first that put me in heart to try to buy my son, I thought it -right, two days before the sale, to go to him and hear what he had to -say to me; and when I got there, he says, “well Solomon, where are you -going?” I said, “I am come down to meet the day of sale;” he said, -“well, what are you going to do?” I answered, I want to buy my son if I -can; he says, “you do?” and added, “you will have a hard time of it;” I -answered, “I have been thinking so;” he says, “Solomon, there are four -men who say they will give four hundred dollars for your son;” then -says I “they will get him;” he says, “Solomon what are you willing to -give?” I answered, “not more than two hundred and fifty dollars;” he -says, “you will not get him for that, but I suppose you are so much in -favour with the people, nobody will bid against you; but if nobody -will bid against you, I will; you need not think you are going to get -him for nothing,” and he seemed angry; then I was very sad at that -saying, and says, “master George, you was the very first man that put -me in heart, and now you seem to put me out of heart;” then he, in an -angry gust of manner, said, “well Solomon, try your faith, and added, -you remember the birds, and how you exercised faith, and was delivered; -now try your faith;” as though he felt as if he could defy the armies -of the living God: but when he gave me the dollar, then I thought of -the challenge “now try your faith.” I then believed, that God could -work and none could hinder him: although it appeared this man had done -what he could, to bring me into that difficulty, yet, when through the -goodness of the Highest I was encouraged, as above described, and being -brought down as it were to nothing before the Lord, I was enabled to -ask him in such a way that his hand and heart appeared to be opened, -so that he gave me that dollar, for which I rejoiced more than for the -twenty dollars promised me just before, as above stated: then was I -enabled to sing aloud the praises of our king in spirit and in truth, -who ever sits above, till all his foes submit and bow to his command, -and fall beneath his feet: I confess the eyes of my mind appeared to -be dazzled, as I was let into a sight of the great goodness of the -Highest in undertaking for me: but Oh! reader, I felt a fear, lest -my behaviour should not be suitable to the kindness and favour shewed -towards me. - -Now there was an impression on my mind, that the Father of Mercy -would do greater things for me, for his own honour and praise, and -my everlasting advantage, if my behaviour was right before him: it -was impressed on my mind, that he was unchangeable in his purposes -and designs, which are to set the captive souls at liberty, if they -will follow him in the path of obedience; and no degrees of grace -will destroy man’s capability of choosing, whether he will do right -or wrong; doing right gives a secret satisfaction to the mind; but -doing wrong is followed by a secret uneasiness, because God will be -a swift witness against the wrong, and will justify what is right in -man’s words and deeds, when done with right views. Oh! that all men -would study the end of their creation, and act accordingly; then they -would walk in the light of his countenance indeed, and “in his name -they would rejoice all the day, and in his righteousness for ever be -exalted;” - - - “Then should their sun in smiles decline, - “And bring a peaceful night;” - - -which, may all who read these lines, desire, seek, and obtain, through -Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen, and Amen. - - - - -EXTRACT OF A LETTER TO R. H.; - - _dated, Cambden, 1st of 2nd month, 1824_. - - “ESTEEMED FRIEND, - - “I received thy[1] book and pens, with a letter unsealed, - yesterday, dated 1st month, 17th, 1824, requesting some account - of my deceased mother and daughters. Dear Robert, thy letter - discovered a sign of generosity, or concern, for the good of all - people; and this concern enables thee to be condescending to men - of low estate; wherefore I pray, that the condescending grace of - God, that has begun with thee, may continue with thee, all the - days of thy life; and that through the all-sufficient merits of - Christ, both thee and thy family, all may be brought to Sion’s - hill; and that you may be enabled to join the blessed company, to - sing redeeming love, for ever and ever, Amen. - - “If thou go home to England, then I shall see thee no more; but - I trust to see you in the land of rest, where partings are no - more, * * * * * the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, be with your - spirits. Amen. - - “SOLOMON BAYLEY.” - - -I now proceed to give some brief account of the nativity, life, and -death, of my mother. She was born of a Guinea Woman, who was brought -from Guinea about the year 1690, as near as I can guess; and said to be -about eleven years old when brought to America. But oh! how different -is the situation of things, towards the coloured people since that day; -the Lord certainly is at work in the rising generations, to have more -pity and compassion than in ages past. My Grandmother was bought into -one of the most barbarous families of that day; and although treated -hard, was said to have fifteen sons and daughters: she lived to a great -age, until she appeared weary of life. - -My mother had thirteen sons and daughters; she served the same cruel -family, until they died. Then great distress and dispersion took place: -our young mistress married, and brought our family, out of the state -of Virginia, into the state of Delaware. After some years, her husband -removed back into Virginia: after that law took place against moving -slaves, which entitled all of us to freedom; we made a move to recover -it by that law, but we soon were all sold and scattered very wide -apart, some to the east, and some west, north, and south. My father and -mother they pretended to set free, to stop a trial in court, and after -they had been free about eleven months, they came upon them unawares; -my father Abner, sister Margaret, and brother Abner, were taken in the -night, and carried to Long Island, one of the West India Islands, and -sold to Abner Stephen; he has sent two letters here, or we never should -have known what had become of them. - -On the same night as above cited, my mother being in the house, they -meant to take her; but she made an excuse to go out at the door, -and ran and left her sucking child, and her two other children, and -her husband my father: now it being winter time, the child cried; -they therefore left it and carried away my father and the other two -children. Then some friend took the child and carried it to mother; -then mother took her son about eleven months old, and travelled near a -hundred miles from the State of Virginia to Dover in Kent County, State -of Delaware; and from thence to New Jersey. - -In this time she testified she experienced great affliction both of -body and mind; but at length, like Hagar, she was enabled to see Him -who had seen her in all her affliction, and not only to see him in -the works of creation, but also in the works of his providence; and -her mind was enlightened to see into the nature and largeness of her -sins. She also testified, that the view of eternity and of eternal -consequences, so distressed her mind, that it swallowed up her present -distress, and so she was induced to give up the lesser, and attend -to the greater; namely, to find peace and rest in the life to come: -she was enabled to go on in search after truth, until she experienced -peace of mind, and evidence of pardon for all her sins, which was her -greatest concern till death. - -Now the number of years that we were parted, mother and I, was about -eighteen; except that once in a great hurry, I travelled more than a -hundred miles to see her; at the same time I left keeping of a saw -mill, my wife, and young child about a mouth old, and taking with me -seventeen or eighteen dollars, which all became a sacrifice with my -time, to the relief of my mother; but I was favoured to find that -satisfaction, which I esteemed more than time or money. - -Now it came to pass after eighteen years, my mind was visited with a -concern to go to Africa, after that Paul Cuffee had been there, and -brought good tidings from that place;[2] therefore I thought it good -to put out my children in good families, where they could get some -schooling, and learn how to work, and then get my wife in with some -good sort of people; and being advised to wait till it should seem -proper to recommend me to that service, I thought it right to engage in -some profitable business, and was hired to attend a mill; in which time -the case of my mother came before me, and I sent for her to the State -of Delaware from New Jersey; and when brought together, it was indeed -like heaven on earth begun; we could sit and tell of the dangers and -difficulties we had been brought through; so my mother was favoured to -end her days with me: she, like my grandmother lived to a great age, -and appeared weary of affliction, and of this troublesome world; her -mind became disordered; she desired a short illness, which was granted; -she died the third day after she was taken sick, with very little -complaint or struggle; but was thought to have fallen asleep. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] The reader will observe, that Solomon frequently makes use of the -pronoun “thee,” when addressing an individual; this occurs simply from -the circumstance, that it is a mode of speech not unusual in some parts -of America, with people of different denominations; and does not arise -from any connexion that he has ever had with the society of friends. - -R. H. - -[2] This concern was doubtless of a religious character: the death of -the pious and enterprising Paul Cuffee, was the probable cause of the -visit being relinquished. - -R. H. - - - - -A BRIEF ACCOUNT - -OF MY - -ELDEST DAUGHTER, MARGARET BAYLEY, - -_Who died in the twenty-fourth year of her age_. - - -She was a pleasant child in her manners and behaviour, yet fond of gay -dress and new fashions; yet her mind was much inclined to her book, and -to read good lessons. - -And it pleased the Father of mercy to open her understanding, to see -excellent things out of his law, and to convince her that it was his -will she should be holy here and happy hereafter; but custom, habit, -and shame, seemed to chain her down, so that she appeared like one that -was halting between two opinions. - -But about a month before she was taken for death, she went to Meeting -under a concern about her future state; and the Meeting appeared to -be favoured with the out pouring of the spirit of love, and of power: -Margaret came home under great concern of mind, and manifested a -wonderful change in her manners and behaviour; I believe the whole -family were affected at the sight of the alteration, which indeed -appeared like that of the prodigal son coming home to his father; for -my own part I felt fear and great joy; such was her delight to read -the Bible, and ask the meaning of certain texts of Scripture, which -evidenced a concern to make sure work for eternity. - -In this frame of mind she was taken for death; she appeared very -desirous to live for the first four weeks, but was very patient, and -of a sweet temper and disposition all the time: I recollect but one -instance when she was known to give way to peevish fretfulness; then -I, feeling the evil spirit striving to get the advantage of her, very -tenderly and earnestly admonished her not to regard trifles, but to -look to that power which was able to save her; and from that time she -became passive and resigned. - -The following two weeks her pain was great, and baffled all the force -of medicine: a few days before her departure, she was urged with much -brokenness of heart to make confession; when she was let into a view -of the vanity of the world, with all its glittering snares; and said, -she could not rest till her hair was cut off; for she said, “I was -persuaded to plait my hair against my father’s advice, and I used to -tie up my head when father would come to see me, and hide ruffles and -gay dress from him, and now I cannot rest till my hair is cut off.” I -said, “no, my daughter, let it be till thee gets well:” she answered, -“Oh! no, cut it now:” so I to pacify her took and cropped it. - -After this she appeared filled with raptures of joy, and talked of -going, as if death had lost its sting; this was about three days before -her departure; she seemed to have her senses as long as she could -speak: a little before her speech left her, she called us all, one by -one, held out her hand, bade us farewell, and looked as if she felt -that assurance and peace that destroyed the fear of death; and while -she held out her hands, she earnestly charged us to meet her in heaven. - -Thus ends the account of Margaret Bayley, daughter of Solomon and -Thamar Bayley, who departed this life the 26th of the 3rd month, 1821, -aged twenty-three years, eleven months, and twenty-eight days. - - -TO THE PIOUS READER. - - _I desire to give the pious, a brief account of the life and death - of my youngest daughter, Leah Bayley, who departed this life the - 27th of the 7th month, 1821, aged twenty-one years, six months, - and one day._ - - -She, from a child, was more weak and sickly than her sister Margaret, -and the thought of leaving her here in this ill-natured world caused -me many serious moments; but the great Parent of all good, in the -greatness of his care, took her away, and relieved me of the care of -her for ever. - -Weakness of body and mind appeared in her as she grew up; and an -inclination to vanity and idleness; but being bound out under an -industrious mistress, to learn to work and to have schooling, her mind -soon became much inclined to her book and then to business. Her school -mistress gave her a little book, concerning some pious young people -that lived happily and died happily, and were gone to heaven: namely, - - - Young Samuel, that little child, - Who served the Lord, liv’d undefiled. - Like young Abijah I must be, - That good things may be found in me. - Young Timothy, that blessed youth, - Who sought the Lord and loved the truth. - I must not sin as others do - Lest I lie down in sorrow too. - - -These blessed examples won her heart, so as to bury every other -enjoyment: she seemed to possess as great a deadness to the world, as -any young woman I ever observed: she seemed not ashamed to read in -any company, white or coloured; and she read to the sick with intense -desire, which appeared from her weeping, and solid manner of behaviour. -She seemed to desire to walk in the fear of the Lord all the day long: -every body that observed her, remarked her serious steady behaviour; -she seemed as if she was trying to imitate those good children whom she -read about; and so continued until she was taken sick; and although -her sickness was long and sharp, yet she bore it like a lamb. - -A few days before her decease, I was noticing how hard she drew her -breath: she looked very wistful at me, and said, “O! father, how much -I do suffer:” I answered, “yes, my dear, I believe thee does:” then, -after a long pause, she said, “but I think I never shall say I suffer -too much:” this I apprehend was extorted from a view of the sufferings -of Christ, and her own imperfections: this was about three days before -her decease. The day she died, she called us all, one by one, and like -her sister Margaret, held out her hand, and with much composure of mind -bade us farewell, as if she was only going a short walk, and to return. - - - - -EXTRACT OF A LETTER TO R. H. - - _Dated 3rd month 26th, 1824._ - - “I thank thee, dear Robert, for spending a thought - on so poor and unworthy a thing as I am; but I especially thank - your God and my God, for putting it into thy heart to enquire - anything about the work of grace on my mind. I trust it is with - gratitude I now write onto thee of my call to the ministry: and - first I may say, - - - “God works in a mysterious way,” - “His wonders to perform.” - - - “Secondly, he knows how to get himself honour and praise by the - most feeble; for to undertake to make such a creature as I am, - work in his vineyard, was amazing to me; but there was a great - work to do, to make me fit for anything at all; surely he called - me oftener than he did Samuel, when he was a child: but after I - was savingly converted to God, he was pleased to pour into my - heart a measure of his universal love; and when my heart was - filled with love towards God, and good will towards all mankind; - then a longing desire that all people might taste and see the - riches of his grace, continued with me day and night; then a - strong impression to go in the fear of the Lord and speak to men - of all descriptions, seemed to be required of me. - - “But Oh! dear friend, after my mind was thus prepared, I had a - great warfare and strife; first, with man-fear, and a man-pleasing - spirit, then with shame, desire of praise, and a good name. - - “Now, dear friend, in this exercise of mind there were some - scriptures came into my mind, to encourage and strengthen me; such - as, the II. Corinthians, xii. 9--II. Kings, v. 4--I. Corinthians, - i. 21, 27, 28, and chapter xi. 3. also chapter ix. 16, 22--II. - Corinthians, xi. 29--Daniel xii. 3--Isaiah vi. 5--Jeremiah i. - 6--John i. 15, and chapter iii. 2--Hebrews xi. 34; all these - scriptures mightily helped to encourage me to go forward in - speaking to a dying people, the words of eternal life. Oh! what - an affecting view of the worth of souls, came into my mind; and - I thought, if I could be made instrumental in the hand of the - Lord, in saving one soul, it would be matter of rejoining to all - eternity. So I went out trusting in the Lord; but I should soon - have fainted in mind, if it had not been for the encouragement I - met with, both from God and man. Now to Him that sits upon the - throne be honour and praise, world without end. Amen. - - “With good wishes to thee and thine, I conclude, thy friend, - - “SOLOMON BAYLEY.” - - -YOUNGMAN, PRINTER, WITHAM AND MALDON. - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A NARRATIVE OF SOME REMARKABLE -INCIDENTS IN THE LIFE OF SOLOMON BAYLEY *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<table style='min-width:0; padding:0; margin-left:0; border-collapse:collapse'> - <tr><td>Title:</td><td>A Narrative of Some Remarkable Incidents in the Life of Solomon Bayley</td></tr> - <tr><td></td><td>Formerly a Slave, in the State of Delaware, North America</td></tr> -</table> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Solomon Bayley</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: April 08, 2021 [eBook #65027]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Nick Wall, Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from scanned images of public domain material from the Google Books project.)</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A NARRATIVE OF SOME REMARKABLE INCIDENTS IN THE LIFE OF SOLOMON BAYLEY ***</div> - -<div class="center"><img src="images/front.jpg" alt="title page" /></div> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i">[Pg i]</a></span></p> - - -<p class="bold">A</p> - -<p class="bold2">NARRATIVE</p> - -<p class="bold">OF SOME REMARKABLE INCIDENTS,</p> - -<p class="bold">In the Life of</p> - -<h1>SOLOMON BAYLEY,</h1> - -<p class="bold">FORMERLY</p> - -<p class="bold2">A SLAVE,</p> - -<p class="bold">IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE, NORTH AMERICA;</p> - -<p class="bold2">WRITTEN BY HIMSELF,</p> - -<p class="bold">AND PUBLISHED FOR HIS BENEFIT;</p> - -<p class="bold">TO WHICH ARE PREFIXED, A FEW REMARKS BY</p> - -<p class="bold2">ROBERT HURNARD.</p> - -<hr class="smler" /> - -<p class="bold">“Persecuted but not forsaken; cast down, but not destroyed.”—II. Cor. -iv. 9.</p> - -<hr class="smler" /> - -<p class="bold">LONDON:<br />PRINTED FOR<br />HARVEY AND DARTON, GRACECHURCH STREET;<br />W. BAYNES & -SON, PATERNOSTER-ROW;<br />AND P. YOUNGMAN, WITHAM AND MALDON.<br />1825.</p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii">[Pg ii]</a></span></p> - -<hr class="smler" /> - -<p class="center">WITHAM AND MALDON:<br />PRINTED BY P. YOUNGMAN.</p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[Pg iii]</a></span></p> - -<h2>PREFACE.</h2> - -<hr class="smler" /> - -<p>In presenting the following fragments to the attention of the public, -it appears necessary to state the manner in which they came into my -possession, and to give the reader a brief account of the Author, -Solomon Bayley.</p> - -<p>During the early part of my residence in America in the year 1820, I -met with the piece containing the account of his escape from slavery, -with the mental and bodily trials he underwent, resulting from that -step: being much interested in the perusal of this simple and unadorned -narrative, I was induced to make some inquiry into the character and -circumstances of a man, the recital of whose sufferings and wrongs had -deeply excited my sympathy. The information which, in consequence, -I obtained from many respectable inhabitants of Wilmington, where -I then resided, was in all respects gratifying, so far as related -to his character; and was, besides, such as to induce a hope that -his situation in life was about to become comparatively easy and -independent. </p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[Pg iv]</a></span></p> - -<p>I learned that at one period of his life he had been instructed in the -business of a cooper, and for some time had wrought at that trade; -but feeling some scruples in his mind with regard to following an -occupation which he believed had a tendency, though a remote one, to -promote the sale and consumption of ardent spirits, he conscientiously -forsook that employment, under the persuasion that the frequent -and indiscriminate use of distilled spirituous liquors, had proved -as injurious to the moral and religious growth of society, as it -was admitted to be subversive of health, and the bane of domestic -happiness. He then engaged himself as a labourer in husbandry; and -while deriving his support from this employment, he one day happened to -meet with the Governor of the State of Delaware; and believing it to be -his duty to speak to him on the great responsibility of the station in -which he was placed, and on the importance of a faithful occupation of -the talents committed to his charge, the worthy Governor was so well -pleased with his communication, that he shortly after promoted Solomon -to the oversight of one of his farms, admitting him as a joint sharer -with himself in the profits. This mode of farming, which requires<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[Pg v]</a></span> -great confidence on one side, and skill and industry on the other, is -not uncommon in America; the landlord usually finding all the necessary -implements and stocking the farm, and the tenant, the requisite labour -to manage the concern. But I subsequently learned that he did not long -enjoy the above mentioned situation, as the Governor was soon after -removed by death. He then engaged himself in the employment of a person -at Camden, where with his wife he now resides.—Solomon was moreover -described to be estimable as a religious character, remarkably humble, -patient of wrong, poor as to worldly possessions, but rich in faith and -in many other christian virtues: such was the account which was given -me of this extraordinary man.</p> - -<p>Feeling a strong inclination to see and converse with one, whom, from -the description of his character, I already esteemed; I requested a -friend who had known him many years, and whom he sometimes visited, -to introduce me to his acquaintance, when he should next come to -Wilmington; this he did, and on a more intimate knowledge obtained in -subsequent interviews, the favourable sentiments I at first conceived -of his integrity<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[Pg vi]</a></span> and worth, were fully and satisfactorily confirmed, -heightened as they were, by his solid instructive conversation, and I -may add, the just sense he appeared to entertain of divine things.</p> - -<p>It was in some of these interviews, that among other circumstances of -his life, he related the affecting account of the sale and purchase -of his only son, whom he afterwards lost by death; he also mentioned -several particulars of his two daughters, whom he had placed out in the -service of respectable families, but who, on account of ill health, -had returned home, and died within a short period of each other. -While narrating in my family the particulars of these severe domestic -bereavements, which he did with great feeling and sensibility, it -was evident that he was no stranger to the source from whence true -consolation is derived.</p> - -<p>In common with my brethren of the same religious profession, and -with many philanthropists of other persuasions, I had long felt a -warm interest towards the descendants of Africa generally: but the -peculiar regard which was awakened in my mind, towards this deserving -individual, made<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[Pg vii]</a></span> me anxious to obtain more of his history, especially -when I had a prospect of returning to my native country. I therefore -determined to obtain from him as much of it as he should be free to -communicate, and wrote to him two or three times on the subject. -We lived fifty miles apart, and my avocations, as well as his, -precluded our meeting again. I wished to possess it in his own simple, -unvarnished style; but Solomon being a self-taught penman, and ignorant -of orthography, though willing to oblige me if he could, made many -objections on the ground of his incapacity and the advanced period of -his life: he was, however, at length induced to comply with my request, -and in a while forwarded me such parts as I had particularly requested.</p> - -<p>I cannot but regret that the manuscript is so disjointed and -incomplete, being written and forwarded to me at different times; but -imperfect as it is, it appeared too interesting and valuable, to be -restricted to the circle of my own acquaintance; and I offer it to a -candid public, presuming that every indulgence on this score will be -granted to a man, whose life has been chiefly spent in slavery and -servitude. </p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[Pg viii]</a></span></p> - -<p>Solomon is in connexion with that body of Christians, called -Methodists; and my last communication from him, sufficiently evinces -on what grounds he has believed himself called to the ministry. From -the general tenor of his writings, and from this letter in particular, -I leave the serious reader to form his own judgment, whether he be not -rightly called and qualified to be engaged in that important service.</p> - -<p>I wish it to be understood, that it is intended to transmit the whole -of the profits of the publication to America, for the benefit of the -aged couple; and I hope the friends of humanity generally, will, for -this purpose, assist in promoting an extensive circulation of the -tract; by so doing, they will also contribute to place <span class="smcap">Slavery</span> -in a new and appalling light.</p> - -<p>This narrative discloses the melancholy and incontrovertible fact, -that the rights of Slaves are shamefully invaded in a country, where a -man is suffered to go unpunished, who has dared to sell and transport -those, who are legally entitled to their freedom, by his own voluntary -act: and if such be the case in America, notwithstanding<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix">[Pg ix]</a></span> all the -vigilance of her abolition societies, it may be asked, what presumption -have the friends of this injured people to hope, that any real benefit -can result from the tardy and temporizing measures, which have been -introduced into the British West India Colonies, where no public bodies -are organised to take cognizance of their wrongs.</p> - -<p>A period of nearly twenty years has elapsed, during which the friends -of gradual manumission have been lulled by hope, and cheated by -disappointed expectation; and when it is considered, that at this -moment England retains nearly eight hundred thousand human beings, and -America more than fifteen hundred thousand, in this cruel state of -bondage, it remains even now a doubt, whether the present generation -will witness the end of this aggravated evil, unless prompt and more -vigorous measures be taken for its immediate extinction.</p> - -<p class="right">R. HURNARD.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Kelvedon, Essex,<br /> 1st month, 1825.</span></p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> - -<h2>NARRATIVE, &c.</h2> - -<hr class="smler" /> - -<p>Solomon Bayley, unto all people, and nations, and languages, grace be -unto you, and peace from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ.</p> - -<p>Having lived some months in continual expectation of death, I have -felt uneasy in mind about leaving the world, without leaving behind -me some account of the kindness and mercy of God towards me. But when -I go to tell of his favours, I am struck with wonder at the exceeding -riches Of his grace. O! that all people would come to admire him for -his goodness, and declare his wonders which he doth for the children -of men. The Lord tried to teach me his fear when I was a little boy; -but I delighted in vanity and foolishness, and went astray. But the -Lord found out a way to overcome me, and to cause me to desire his -favour, and his great help; and although I thought no one could be more -unworthy of his favour, yet he did look on me, and pitied me in my -great distress.</p> - -<p>I was born a slave in the state of Delaware, and was one of those -slaves that were carried out<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span> of Delaware into the state of Virginia; -and the laws of Delaware did say, that slaves carried out of that state -should be free; whereupon I moved to recover my freedom. I employed -lawyers, and went to court two days, to have a suit brought to obtain -my freedom. After court I went home to stay until the next court, which -was about six weeks off. But two days before the court was to sit, I -was taken up and put on board of a vessel out of Hunting Creek, bound -to Richmond, on the western shore of Virginia, and there put into -Richmond jail, and irons were put on me; and I was brought very low. In -my distress I was often visited with some symptoms of distraction. At -length I was taken out of jail, and put into one of the back country -waggons, to go toward the going down of the sun. Now consider, how -great my distress must have been, being carried from my wife and -children, and from my natural place, and from my chance for freedom.</p> - -<p>On the third day my distress was bitter, and I cried out in my heart, -‘I am past all hope:’ and the moment I said I was past all hope, -it pleased the father of all mercy to look on me, and he sent a -strengthening thought into my heart, which was this: that he that made -the heavens and the earth, was able to deliver me. I looked up to the -sky, and then to the trees and ground, and I believed in a moment, that -if he could make<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span> all these, he was able to deliver me. Then did that -scripture come into my mind, which I had heard before, and that was, -“they that trust in the Lord, shall never be confounded.” I believed -that was a true word, and I wanted to try that word, and got out of the -waggon; but I thought I was not fit to lay hold of the promise: yet -another thought came into my mind, and that was, that I did not know -to what bounds his mercy would extend. I then made haste and got out -of the waggon, and went into the bushes; I squatted down to see what -would follow. Now there were three waggons in company, and four white -people; they soon missed me, and took out one of the horses and rode -back, and were gone about three-quarters of an hour, and then returned, -and put the horse in the waggon again, and went on their way; and that -was the last I ever saw or heard of them. I sat still where I was till -night, and then walked out into the road and looked up to the sky, -and I felt very desolate. Oh! the bitterness of distress which I then -felt, for having sinned against God; whom if I had been careful to obey -in all things, he would have spared me all my troubles. Oh! it is a -dangerous thing to cast off fear, and to restrain prayer before God. If -we do that which we believe will please him, with a desire to obtain -his favour, it is a real prayer; but if we do, or say, that which we -believe will displease<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span> him, that is to cast off fear, and to restrain -prayer before him.</p> - -<p>When night came and I walked out of the bushes, I felt very awful. I -set off to walk homewards, but soon was chased by dogs, at the same -house where the man told the waggoner he had taken up a runaway three -days before. But it pleased the highest, to send out a dreadful wind, -with thunder and lightning, and rain; which was the means by which I -escaped, as I then thought, as I travelled along that night. Next day -I was taken with the dysentery, which came on so bad, I thought I must -die; but I obtained great favour, and kept on my feet, and so I got -down to Richmond; but had liked to have been twice taken, for twice I -was pursued by dogs.</p> - -<p>But after I got to Richmond, a coloured man pretended to be my -friend, and then sent white people to take me up; but a little while -before they came, it came expressly into my mind, that he would prove -treacherous and betray me. I obeyed the impression immediately, and -left the place I was in, and presently there came with clubs to take -me, as it did appear, two white men and a coloured man. When I saw them -I was in an hollow place on the ground, not far from where the coloured -man left me: at sight of them I was struck with horror and fear, and -the fear that came into my soul, took such an <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span>impression on my animal -frame, that I felt very weak: I cried to the Maker of heaven and earth -to save me, and he did so. I lay there and prayed to the Lord, and -broke persimmon tree bushes, and covered myself: when night came on, I -felt as if the great God had heard my cry. Oh! how marvellous is his -loving kindness toward men of every description and complexion. Though -he is high, yet hath he respect unto the lowly, and will hear the cry -of the distressed when they call upon him, and will make known his -goodness and his power.</p> - -<p>I lay there till night, and then with great fear I went into the town -of Richmond, and enquired the way over the river to go to Petersburgh, -where I staid near three weeks, in which time, severe and painful were -my exercises: I appeared to be shut up in such a straight case, I could -not see which way to take. I tried to pray to the Lord for several -days together, that he would be pleased to open some way for me to get -along. And I do remember, that when I was brought to the very lowest, -suddenly a way appeared, and I believe it was in the ordering of a good -providence.</p> - -<p>It was so; there came a poor distressed coloured man to the same house -where I had taken refuge: we both agreed to take a craft, and go down -James’ River, which was attended with great difficulty, for we met -with strict <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span>examination twice, and narrowly escaped; we had like to -have been drowned twice, once in the river, and once in the bay. But -how unable were we to offer unto God that tribute of praise due to his -name, for the miracle of grace shewn to us in our deliverance! Surely -wisdom and might are his, and all them that walk in pride he is able to -abase. Oh!</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div>“Let all the world fall down and know</div> -<div>“That none but God such power can shew.”</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>We got safe over to the eastern shore of the Chesapeake Bay, where his -wife and mine were. And now, reader, I do not tell thee how glad I was, -but will leave thee to judge, by supposing it had been thy own case. We -landed near Nandew, and then started for Hunting Creek, and we found -both our wives; but we found little or no satisfaction, for we were -hunted like partridges on the mountains.</p> - -<p>My companion got to work on board of a vessel to get clams, perhaps -to get some money to bring suit for his freedom, (as he had been sold -like me, out of the state of Delaware,) if his master should come after -him from the back countries, who he said, lived about three hundred -and thirty miles from the eastern shore; but poor fellow, they went on -board of the vessel where he had been at work, and talked of taking him -up and putting him in jail, and of writing to his master in the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span> back -countries. He was said to tell them, that he had rather die than to -be taken and carried away from his wife again: and it was said, they -went down into the cabin and drank, and then came up on deck and seized -him, and in the scuffle he slipped out of their hands, and jumped -overboard, and tried to swim to an island that was not far off; but -they got out the tow boat and went after him, and when they overtook -him, he would dive to escape, and still he tried to reach the island: -but they watched their opportunity as he rose, when they struck him -with the loom of the oar, and knocked his brains out, and he died. And -now, reader, consider if you had been carried away from your wife and -children, and had got back again, how hard it would seem to be, to be -thus chased out of the world; but the great God, whose eyes behold the -things that are equal, he continues to make such repent, either in this -world, or in the world to come. And now, readers, you have heard of the -end of my fellow-sufferer, but I remain as yet, a monument of mercy, -thrown up and down on life’s tempestuous sea; sometimes feeling an -earnest desire to go away and be at rest; but I travel on, in hopes of -overcoming at my last combat.</p> - -<p>But I will go on to tell of my difficulties. After I came over the bay, -I went to see my wife, but was still in trouble; and it was thought -best to leave the state of Virginia and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> go to Dover, and then if my -master came after me, to bring suit at Dover, and have a trial for my -freedom. The distance from where I then was to Dover, was about one -hundred and twenty miles: so I started and travelled at nights, and lay -by in the day time. I went on northwards, with great fear and anxiety -of mind. It abode on my mind that I should meet with some difficulty -before I got to Dover: however I tried to study on the promises of -the Almighty, and so travelled on until I came to a place called -Anderson’s Cross-Roads; and there I met with the greatest trial I ever -met with in all my distress. But the greater the trial, the greater the -benefit, if the mind be but staid on that everlasting arm of power, -whom the winds and the waves obey. It was so, that I called at them -cross-roads, to enquire the way to Camden, and I thought I would go -to the kitchen, where the black people were; but when the door was -opened, it was a white man I saw, of a portly appearance, with a sulky -down look. Now the day was just a breaking: he raised up out of his -bed, and came towards the door and began to examine me, and I did not -know what to say to him; so he soon entangled me in my own talk, and -said, I doubt you are a lying: I said I scorn to lie; but I felt very -weak and scared, and soon bid him farewell and started. I went some -distance along the road, and then<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span> went into the woods, and leaned my -back against a tree to study, and soon fell to sleep; and when I waked, -the sun was up, and I said to myself, if I stand sleeping about here, -and that man that examined me in the morning comes to look for me and -finds me, he may tie me before I get awake; for the poor fellow that -came across the bay with me told me, that he travelled all night, and -in the morning he met a coloured man, and passed on, and went into the -woods and lay down, and went to sleep; and he said there came white -men and tied him, and waked him up to go before the justice; but so it -was, he got away from them and found me at Petersburgh. So considering -on what he had told me, and that man’s examining me in the morning, -made me I did not know what to do. I concluded to look for a thick -place and lay down, and then another thought came into my mind, and -that was, to look for a thin place, and there lie down. So I concluded -to do so; withal I thought to take a sally downwards, as I enquired of -the man to go upwards, I thought by going a little downwards, would -be a dodge, and so I should miss him: I thought this plan would do. I -then looked for a thin place, and lay down and slept till about nine -o’clock, and then waked; and when I awoke, I felt very strange: I said -to myself I never felt so in all my distress: I said something was -going to happen to me to-day.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> So I studied about my feelings until -I fell to sleep, and when I awoke, there had come two birds near to -me; and seeing the little strange looking birds, it roused up all my -senses; and a thought came quick into my mind that these birds were -sent to caution me to be away out of this naked place; that there was -danger at hand. And as I was about to start, it came into my mind with -great energy and force, “if you move out of this circle this day, you -will be taken;” for I saw the birds went all round me: I asked myself -what this meant, and the impression grew stronger, that I must stay in -the circle which the birds made. At the same time a sight of my faults -came before me, and a scanty sight of the highness and holiness of the -great Creator of all things. And now, reader, I will assure thee I was -brought very low, and I earnestly asked what I should do: and while I -waited to be instructed, my mind was guided back to the back countries, -where I left the waggons about sixty or seventy miles from Richmond, -towards the sun-setting; and a question arose in my mind, how I got -along all that way, and to see if I could believe that the great God -had helped me notwithstanding my vileness. I said in my heart, it must -be the Lord, or I could not have got along, and the moment I believed -in his help, it was confirmed in my mind, if he had begun to help me, -and if he did send those birds, he would not<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span> let anything come into -the circle the birds had made; I therefore tried to confirm myself in -the promises of God, and concluded to stay in the circle; and so being -weary, travelling all night, I soon fell to sleep; and when I awaked, -it was by the noise of the same man that examined me in the morning, -and another man, an old conjuror, for so I called him. And the way they -waked me was by their walking in the leaves, and coming right towards -me. I was then sitting on something about nine inches high from the -ground, and when I opened my eyes and saw them right before me, and -I in that naked place, and the sun a shining down on me about eleven -o’clock, I was struck with dread, but was afraid to move hand or foot: -I sat there, and looked right at them; and thought I, here they come -right towards me; and the first thought that struck my mind was, am I -a going to sit here until they come and lay hands on me? I knew not -what to do; but so it was, there stood a large tree about eleven or -twelve yards from me, and another big tree had fallen with the top -limbs round it: and so it was, through divine goodness, they went the -other side of the tree, and the tree that had fallen, was between them -and me. Then I fell down flat upon my face, on the ground; as I raised -up my head to look, I saw the actions of this old craftsman; he had a -stick like a surveyor’s rod; he went along following<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> his stick very -diligently. The young man that examined me in the morning, had a large -club, with the big end downwards, and the small end in his hand; he -looked first one side, and then on the other: the old man kept on away -past me about sixty yards, and then stopped; and I heard him say, “he -h’ant gone this way.” Then he took his stick and threw it over his -shoulder, and pointed this way and that way, until he got it right -towards me; and then I heard him say, “come let us go this way.” Then -he turned his course and came right towards me: then I trembled, and -cried in my heart to the Lord, and said, what shall I do? what shall I -do? and it was impressed on my mind immediately, “Stand still and see -the salvation of the Lord;” the word that was spoken to the children of -Israel when at the Red Sea. And I said in my heart, bless the Lord, O -my soul; I will try the Lord this time. Here they come; and still that -word sounded in my heart; “Stand still and see the salvation of the -Lord.” They came not quite so near me as the circle the birds had made, -when the old man sheered off, and went by me; but the young man stopped -and looked right down on me, as I thought, and I looked right up into -his eyes; and then he stood and looked right into my eyes, and when he -turned away, he ran after the old man, and I thought he saw me; but -when he<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span> overtook the old man, he kept on, and then I knew he had not -seen me. Then I said, bless the Lord, he that gave sight to man’s eyes, -hath kept him from seeing me this day: I looked up among the trees, and -said, how dreadful is this place. I said, two great powers have met -here this day; the power of darkness, and the power of God; and the -power of God has overthrown the power of darkness for me a sinner. I -thought I must jump and shout, but another thought struck my mind, that -it was not a right time to shout; I therefore refrained. But my heart -was overwhelmed at the sight of the goodness and power of God, and his -gracious readiness to help the stranger in distress: though he is high, -yet hath he respect unto the lowly. It is a solemn truth, he is nigh to -all them that call on him, with a view to his greatness and their own -nothingness: I felt greatly at loss to know how to adore him according -to his excellent greatness. I said, has the maker of heaven and earth -took my part? I said again, what could all the world do in comparison -with him? I now believed if every body in the world was engaged against -me, that he was able to deliver me out of their hands.</p> - -<p>After a while I moved out of that place, and went away to a small -stream of water, and staid there a little while, and then went out of -that neighbourhood. But whether I did right or not,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span> I know not; for -in moving out of that circle so quickly, I became so bewildered as to -be quite lost, and did not know what course to take, or what to do; -and I thought it was because my faith failed me so quickly. Oh! what -pains God doth take to help his otherwise helpless creatures. O that -his kindness and care were more considered and laid to heart, and then -there would not be that cause to complain that “the ox knoweth his -owner, and the ass his master’s crib, but Israel doth not know, my -people doth not consider.” Oh! how marvellous is his loving-kindness -toward people of every description, both high and low, rich and poor. -O that all people would study to please him, for his goodness and his -power; for his wisdom is great, and he knoweth how to deliver all those -that look unto him, and will pass by none, no not the least of all his -human creatures; and he will make them see that they are of more value -than many sparrows; and that they are not their own, but that they are -bought with a price.</p> - -<p>Now unto the king immortal, invisible, the only wise God, be glory and -honour, dominion and power, now and for ever. Amen.</p> - -<p>After this, my understanding was opened to see for what purpose this -last trial had happened unto me; and it was impressed on my mind -that I had come through difficulties and troubles, in order that my -faith and confidence might be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span> tried; and that I might be made strong -in the faith to believe that so high and holy an one, who had thus -marvellously preserved me, would hereafter help so poor an object as -me, out of his great mercy and condescension, and that I might be -afraid again to sin against his majesty, who had suffered me to be thus -sorely tried, that I might see the greatness of my past transgressions, -and his boundless loving-kindness and mercy.</p> - -<p class="center space-above">END OF PART I. </p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p> - -<h2>SECOND PART.</h2> - -<hr class="smler" /> - -<blockquote><p>[What follows, was written and communicated to me at my request, -but without any idea on the part of the writer, of the purpose to -which I designed it; the originals of which, if desired, may be -seen by application to me, in order to satisfy any who might feel -a doubt with regard to the faithfulness of the transcript. I can -however, assure the reader, that the alterations I have ventured -to make, have been almost altogether confined to the spelling.—R. -H.]</p></blockquote> - -<hr class="smler" /> - -<p>7th Mo. 24, 1799, I got to Camden. I will yet go on to shew the reader -my uneasiness of mind after I got to Camden. I then thought I wanted -a preparation to adore the goodness of God, that had begun with me in -the back countries, and had brought me through so many difficulties; -but with shame I must confess, I sang his praise, but soon forgot his -works: yet the great God pitied me, and exercised a careful constant -mind towards me, for my good: Oh! how deceitful is the heart of man.</p> - -<p>But not long after I got to Camden, my master came from the state of -Virginia, to Camden, Kent County, state of Delaware, where he found me; -whereas he had not seen me since he put me aboard of the back country -waggon, which, as I suppose, is near three or four hundred miles<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span> from -Camden: upon first sight he asked me what I was a going to do? I says, -how, master? he asked me, how did I think I was a going to get free, by -running and dodging about in that manner? I said, why, master, I have -suffered a great deal, and seen a great deal of trouble, I think you -might let me go for little or nothing: he said, I wont do that, but I -will give you the same chance I gave you before I sent you away; give -me forty pounds bond and security, and you may be free: but I replied, -I work hard at nights to get a little money to fee my lawyers, and if -it had been right for me to be free, I ought to have been free without -so much trouble; he asked me who I blamed for my trouble? I answered, -I did not consider that I was to blame: Ah! said he, you can see other -people’s faults, but cannot see your own. I said, master, you can’t -blame me for a thing I never did; Ah! said he, my wrongs don’t make -your’s right, and that word put me to silence; but I thought where -the laws of the land made liberty the right of any man, he could, not -be wrong in trying to recover it: but finally he sold me my time for -eighty dollars and I dropped the lawsuit. I went to work, and worked it -out in a shorter time than he gave me, and then I was free from man.</p> - -<p>And when I came to think that the yoke was off my neck, and how it was -taken off, I was made to wonder, and to admire, and to adore the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> order -of kind providence, which assisted me in all the way. But I found in me -a disposition to wander from the path of life, and forget the favour -bestowed upon me, and went astray too shameful to be mentioned.</p> - -<p>But in this lost condition there came a reasoning to me, to consider -where I was a going, and where I should end; and to consider on the -shortness of time, and the length of eternity: and a thought came into -my mind, assuring me that my life was in the hand of God, and that he -was looking for better behaviour from me; and that he was angry with me -every day; and that he had whetted his sword, and made ready his arrows -to shoot at me. Then my understanding began to be enlightened, to see -my dreadful state by nature; and the more I considered on the nature -and heinousness of my sin, both in thought, word, and deed, the more I -was distressed in mind; but I found the sentence of death was passed -against me, and it pressed on my mind, if I kept on going against -light, I should soon feel the heat of the burning lake, or the misery -of those that are driven to darkness at death. And when I considered -the power of God, and for that power to be poured out upon me to all -eternity, I began then to examine into my state and condition, and I -found I had a falling spirit, prone to evil as the sparks fly upward; -then I set myself to think how I could escape the misery that was -coming on me.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span> I considered my punishment would be as bad as those that -went to darkness in old time: then I began to consider what God had -done to save mankind from that fearful condition; and while I thought -on the many ways he had taken to shew his earnest mind to save sinners, -this consideration moderated my distress; but when I remembered my own -ways that were not good, I felt ashamed even to lift my eyes to heaven -to ask pardon for my sins; but the shortness of time, and the length of -awful eternity, so arrested my mind, that I was made to realize eternal -misery, and to cry like Jonah, as out of the belly of hell, for mercy -and for pardon for all my sins. Oh! the thought of being amongst that -black crew, when the Lord rains down snares, fire, and brimstone, and -horribleness, terrified me much.</p> - -<p>And now, reader, I will here record that God is rich in mercy, towards -sinners of the deepest die; for when every other method failed, to shew -his steadfast mind to save me, he sent a little boy to me with his -finger at a text in a sermon book, “The wicked is driven away in his -wickedness, but the righteous hath hope in his death;” the same text I -had heard a methodist preacher take on a funeral occasion; then that -little boy coming to me with his finger pointing at the same in the -sermon book, it was about noon, the people nearly all gone to meeting, -and I reading very earnest in the Testament: I took the book and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span> began -to read, and it pleased infinite goodness to look on me from the throne -of his highness, and being unwilling that I should perish eternally, he -sent down his awakening power, and I was made to quake and tremble; and -an impression abode on my mind, that God was a true, and a just, and a -holy God, and that no unclean thing could rest in his holy habitation. -I saw I was a sinner condemned to die, but a call reached my soul, -“take heed that you entertain no hopes of heaven, but what are built on -a solid foundation;” a question arose in my mind, what foundation I had -to hope for heaven? I examined and found I had none but what was built -on the sand, and at death I must fall into hell; which caused a cry -to be started from my heart to my maker, what I should do? a thought -passed through my mind to make a resolution to amend my way, and turn -and be good, but a second thought came powerfully into my mind, if -I made another resolution and broke it as I had done, the door of -mercy would be for ever shut against me. Then the good spirit brought -to my mind the dangers and deaths from which I had been delivered, -through the mercy of an indulgent God, and how I had called on him in -trouble and he delivered me, and had answered me in the secret place -of thunder; and it was pressed on my mind, that it was too dangerous -to make another fool’s start: then I sensed to be in the wilderness, -not knowing what to do:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> a thought arose in my mind, you have got into -a pretty fix now, afraid even to make a resolution of amendment; then -an enquiry again arose in my heart, from that depth of thought, what I -should do? at the same time the hand-writing of God appeared against -me, and that power that once shook the earth, shook my soul and body: -it pressed on my mind, that it was the great power of God: and that -word came into my mind, “they that resist shall receive to themselves -damnation;” at the same time, the spirit of truth brought all things -to my remembrance, my sins old and new, little and big, and I saw how -hateful they all were in the sight of a holy God. Now let the Lord be -praised both now and for ever, for the exceeding riches of his grace -to all who will look at their sins, and his goodness, and consider and -think, before it be too late, and be sorry, and turn from the evil of -their ways, that they may understand the truth.</p> - -<p>And now, reader, attend to the word sent to me in my distress, which -was this: “believe on the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou -shalt be saved.” Oh! then, and not till then, did I ever desire saving -faith; but I could not attain to it by all the exertion I could make: -but Oh! reader, I found here in my distress, that faith is the gift of -God, and that grace is not sown in the heart, till the heart is broken -and contrite; that is, in earnest to study and enter<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span> into the saving -plan of life and salvation, which is: “Let the wicked, forsake his -way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts, and let them turn unto the -Lord, and he will have mercy upon him, and abundantly pardon all that -is passed.” But when I was put to the test to try my faith, I found -I had none: then in the bitterness of my spirit, I desired the Lord -to give me to feel the power of saving faith; and I struggled to lay -hold on that word, “Ask and ye shall receive, seek and ye shall find;” -but a question made me quake—which question was this: is your heart -right? then I trembled, but could not tell whether my heart was right -or not; and while I desired to know myself, this form passed through -my mind; “Are you willing now to renounce the devil and all his works, -and all the pomp and vanity of this wicked world, and all the sinful -lusts of the flesh;” and I was enabled in my sinking, distressed state, -to forsake every forbidden way for the sake of peace and pardon.—Then -did God send down the power of saving faith; then, Oh! how terrible I -saw the length, and breadth, and depth, and height of God’s eternal -law: I also saw that heaven and earth would pass away, before one jot -or tittle of his law should fail, or fall to the ground. Man must be -converted, or never enter into the kingdom of heaven. A thought came -into my heart, to go out to some secret place to pray; and as I walked, -I trembled,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> and when I got to the place, I could only pray, “Lord have -mercy upon me.” I cried as if falling into black despair, and having -consented to forsake every wrong way, God, for Christ’s sake, had mercy -on me, and pardoned my sins: Glory be to God, for ever and ever, Amen. -Oh! praise the Lord, whose mercy is over all his works, from generation -to generation, who hath put down the mighty from their seats, and -hath exalted them of low degree, and ever holds his servant Israel in -remembrance of his mercy. Oh! how faithful and true he is, to all who -will yield to the striving of his spirit in their own hearts, before it -takes its everlasting flight. Oh! how careful ought we to be, for fear -we be left to ourselves; then blindness of mind, and hardness of heart -will take place, and the soul be left to stumble on the dark mountains -of unbelief, on which many have stumbled since the world began for not -following the light that visits their mind; which appeareth in youth, -and continueth with some shorter, and some longer, according to the -entertainment this heavenly messenger gets in the hearts of all people. -Oh! reader, think how many are now in the road to ruin, who are still -slighting the call of grace; and if they keep on, must overtake them -that are there already; and now I pray that none that sees this, may -ever go another step towards the pit, from whence there is no return. </p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div>“Oh! that all may taste and see</div> -<div class="i1">“The riches of his grace:</div> -<div>“The arms of love that compass me,</div> -<div class="i1">“Would all mankind embrace!”</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>Having given the reader a short account of the abundant mercy bestowed -on me by a bountiful God, who is engaged to raise poor sinners from a -depth of sin and shame, to the height of happiness and glory; and if -they yield to him he will do it, for faithful is he that has called -you, who also will do it, if ye be willing and obedient. I now return -to give the reader an account of the difficulties I met with, in buying -my wife.</p> - -<p>She was born a slave, and continued a slave till she was about -thirty-two years of age, and I about twenty-eight years old; and having -paid for myself, and got a little money beforehand, I was provoked -to purpose buying of her. Before this, she and her master had fallen -out, and he purposed to send her, and our first daughter, about three -months old, away to the back countries; and how to do I did not know: -to go with her I knew not where, or buy her at his price, brought me -to a stand: and while I was perplexed, there came a messenger to me, -who said her master had carried the negro buyer with him from court, -in order to sell her to him; but when they were about to count out the -money, his daughter broke out and cried in such a distressing manner, -for my little daughter, that it caused him to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span> recant at that time; but -he made two more attempts, but was misput most providentially. At the -same time, her master and I were both on one class-paper, which made -it very trying to me, to keep up true love and unity between him and -me, in the sight of God: this was a cause of wrestling in my mind; but -that scripture abode with me, “He that loveth father or mother, wife -or children, more than me, is not worthy of me;” then I saw it became -me to hate the sin with all my heart, but still the sinner love: but -I should have fainted, if I had not looked to Jesus, the author of my -faith: but I would remark, that at the very moment I was about to give -up, the Lord appeared for my help, to my great surprise. It pleased -almighty goodness, to give my wife’s mistress that power which cut -Rahab and wounded the Dragon; and she spoke with such concern of mind -and said, “Oh do let Solomon have her; I have been afraid to speak, -but I want him to have her, he appears to want to have her;” and these -words, with a few more I omit, were attended with such force to her -master’s mind, that he gave up with a whining tone, and said “He may -have her;” so I hired her, and took her away the same day. After the -year was out I went to pay him his money for her hire, and it being on -a meeting day, some friends there who saw me pay the money, said to me, -“you had better buy your wife at once;” her master <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span>answered, “I want -him to buy her:” then they insisted on knowing his price; he said, “a -hundred dollars, and give in all the hire;” which was fifty dollars -less than ever he had mentioned before: I then said I would undertake -it: then they insisted we should have it in writing, and we had it so. -Thus I entered purchase of my wife, one hundred and three dollars and -a third, which is thirty one pounds Virginia money. When the articles -were drawn, I desired the writer to put down what was paid, and what -was due; and then went on working and paying, until I had paid all but -forty dollars and four-pence.</p> - -<p>But here I will mention a remarkable circumstance: I grew uneasy about -my wife and me living together without being married; and while I was -studying how to bring it about, a tradition arose in the methodist -church, to turn out all free members, that lived together as man and -wife without being married: at the same time, preaching being held -at her master’s house, the day came round for meeting; after public -meeting, the class was called, when to my great surprise, the preacher -asked me if I was free? I answered “yes:” he asked “if I had a wife?” I -said “yes:” he asked, “are you married?” I answered “no:” he asked “if -my wife was free?” I said “no, not properly so:” he asked “who had any -claim on her?” the class leader said “Brother Melson:”<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span> the preacher -asked me “if I was willing to be married?” I answered “yes,” and added, -“I had been concerned about it, but did not know how to bring it to -pass:” the preacher said, “it is easy driving when we are willing;” -and then, before the society, added his reason as above, and said, “I -suppose Brother Melson will have no objection.” Melson, her master, -answered, “they may be married, and welcome, for what I care:” then -said the preacher, “you can just give him an instrument to the clerk -of the court, and he can get a licence and be married, and finish your -business afterwards:” he then wrote to the same effect, and I went and -got a licence, and we were married according to law.</p> - -<p>Now the reader may take notice, that when we bargained, her master -agreed to free her upon my paying him his money, or give me a bill -of sale to empower me to free her; but after I had paid him about -sixty-three dollars, he then took pet, and said “he would take her -away, without I paid him all,” which was forty dollars and four-pence -due: now he had given me receipts for all the money I had paid him, -but no bill of sale or freedom. By this time my wife had one child -after we bargained: he said he “would have the negroes or money;” but -we being married, according to law, it made her mine; and the Judge of -the court told me, “that her master could not get her, nor any more -money:” but I<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span> felt easiest to do according to bargain, if he would -fulfil according to agreement: but it was with great difficulty I got -him to fix the business; when done, then I paid him, and then she was -manumitted free, and I desired rest.</p> - -<p>But I had one child in bondage, my only son, my first-born son; and -having worked through the purchase of myself and wife, I thought I -would give up my son, to the ordering of divine providence. So we -worked on and got to farming, and were favoured, so that we did not -fall through in twelve or thirteen years, renting land, and paying up, -and keeping clear of the world.</p> - -<p>Now the reader may take notice, that as I was going on thus, my son’s -master died; and his property had to be sold, and my son had to be -sold, as the other property, at public sale: the back-woods-men being -come over, and giving such large prices for slaves, it occasioned a -great concern to come over my mind; and I began to tell my concern to -some friends, white and coloured, rich and poor; and they all with one -accord persuaded me to buy him, that is, my son: I answered I could -have no heart, because he was appraised at the death of his master at -four hundred dollars; it being the latter end of the war in America, -1813, and the times dark and dull, I was much afraid to attempt to buy -him: but I told my friends what was like to befal me, that when my son -was nine months<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span> old, then I was sent away from him, as I told the -reader in the beginning of my journal, and then I went through a fit of -distress, and now he is like to be sent away from me, and then I shall -have to go through another fit, and it will seem like double trouble: -but my friends and neighbours continued pressing it on me, to meet the -day of sale, and buy him; and finally I concluded to do it, and met the -day of sale.</p> - -<p>Then the crier made a noise in the court yard, before the court house -door, and said, “a likely young negro fellow for sale,” and then asked -for a bid; the second time he asked for a bid, I bid two hundred -dollars, which was half what he was appraised to, at the death of -his master. As soon as ever I had bid two hundred dollars, the man, -I feared would buy and sell him to the back-country men, bid three -hundred and thirty three dollars and a third, which was thirty-three -dollars and a third more than I had intended to bid, which beat down -all my courage. But a thought struck me, don’t give out so, so don’t; -so I bid a shilling: then the same man bid twenty dollars, which was -three hundred and fifty-four dollars: at that I sighed, and thought -I must give him up, and let him go; but a thought came into my mind, -to bid one time more, and not bid any more, if he went to the West -Indies: so I bid a cent; but the crier said, no Solomon, not a cent, -a shilling: well says I, let it go. As soon<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span> as my bid was confirmed, -the same man went on, and I gave up then. My son had chosen a master, -a justice of peace in town, said to be a good master, who had promised -me before the sale began, that if he saw me give up, he would try and -buy him; so he began and moved him up to three hundred and fifty-seven -dollars, then he gave up. Then three great men, who had agreed to be -my securities, were standing by; one of them was a methodist preacher, -very rich; he looked at me as if he pitied me, and when he saw my son -was likely to go off the wrong way, he says, “three shillings;” and -when he spoke I cried, and turned off, and went and leaned against the -court house, under a weight of concern; and as I was considering, that -word came into my mind, “this is their hour and the power of darkness,” -so I gave him up then. Now it did appear, the very moment I gave him -up, and hope left me, then help came; for it pleased the Most High, who -pitieth every sorrowful soul, in the riches of his mercy, to look on -two young men that were acquainted with me, and to touch their hearts -with such a sense of sympathy and pity towards my case, that they could -not endure; and the dear young neighbour man, a great man’s son, says -to my young master, who were both standing in the ring looking on, he -says, “I had rather give twenty dollars out of my own pocket, than -Solomon should not get<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> him; but if Solomon will bid once more, I will -give him four dollars:” my young master answered, “if you will give him -five dollars, I will give him five dollars,” and says, “let us go and -tell him;” so they both came to me, as I was leaning against the court -house wall, and said in a moving tone, “Solomon, if you will bid one -more bid, we will give you five dollars a piece;” I turned round and -says, “a shilling,” which was a shilling upon three hundred and sixty -dollars. Then a great man said, “there, let the old man have him, he -is his son, he wants him, he can get security;” they kept at that till -the switch went down; so he was knocked off to me at three hundred and -sixty dollars and a shilling. Then the tender-hearted young man, that -first proposed to my young master, went into the store, and brought -five round silver dollars, and gave to me in the office, where I went -to sign the bond; then three of my securities agreed upon the spot, to -make me up twenty dollars at the day of payment.</p> - -<p>By this time I got raised up from my sadness, and went out after I -had signed the bond, so much revived and clothed with such a spirit -of faith and courage, believing a way would be opened for me to get -through, though I could not tell how; but as I came out of the office, -I met the executor and administrator who said to me, “well, Solomon, -you have got Spence after all;” I said, “yes,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span> master George, but I -gave up, and if it had not been for those men who pitied me, and who -did as they did, I never should have got him, and now what will you -give me?” He put his hand into his pocket, and pulled out a round -silver dollar and gave me, which caused me to rejoice more for that -one dollar, than for the twenty dollars promised me just before in -the office: and now I will give the reader my reason why I rejoiced -more for the one than for the twenty dollars; because two days before -the sale, he, the executor and administrator, offered a challenge to -me and to them I trusted in, touching the sale of my son; now as he -was the first that put me in heart to try to buy my son, I thought it -right, two days before the sale, to go to him and hear what he had to -say to me; and when I got there, he says, “well Solomon, where are you -going?” I said, “I am come down to meet the day of sale;” he said, -“well, what are you going to do?” I answered, I want to buy my son if I -can; he says, “you do?” and added, “you will have a hard time of it;” I -answered, “I have been thinking so;” he says, “Solomon, there are four -men who say they will give four hundred dollars for your son;” then -says I “they will get him;” he says, “Solomon what are you willing to -give?” I answered, “not more than two hundred and fifty dollars;” he -says, “you will not get him for that, but I suppose you are so much in -favour with the people,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span> nobody will bid against you; but if nobody -will bid against you, I will; you need not think you are going to get -him for nothing,” and he seemed angry; then I was very sad at that -saying, and says, “master George, you was the very first man that put -me in heart, and now you seem to put me out of heart;” then he, in an -angry gust of manner, said, “well Solomon, try your faith, and added, -you remember the birds, and how you exercised faith, and was delivered; -now try your faith;” as though he felt as if he could defy the armies -of the living God: but when he gave me the dollar, then I thought of -the challenge “now try your faith.” I then believed, that God could -work and none could hinder him: although it appeared this man had done -what he could, to bring me into that difficulty, yet, when through the -goodness of the Highest I was encouraged, as above described, and being -brought down as it were to nothing before the Lord, I was enabled to -ask him in such a way that his hand and heart appeared to be opened, -so that he gave me that dollar, for which I rejoiced more than for the -twenty dollars promised me just before, as above stated: then was I -enabled to sing aloud the praises of our king in spirit and in truth, -who ever sits above, till all his foes submit and bow to his command, -and fall beneath his feet: I confess the eyes of my mind appeared to -be dazzled, as I was let into a sight of the great goodness of the -Highest<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span> in undertaking for me: but Oh! reader, I felt a fear, lest -my behaviour should not be suitable to the kindness and favour shewed -towards me.</p> - -<p>Now there was an impression on my mind, that the Father of Mercy -would do greater things for me, for his own honour and praise, and -my everlasting advantage, if my behaviour was right before him: it -was impressed on my mind, that he was unchangeable in his purposes -and designs, which are to set the captive souls at liberty, if they -will follow him in the path of obedience; and no degrees of grace -will destroy man’s capability of choosing, whether he will do right -or wrong; doing right gives a secret satisfaction to the mind; but -doing wrong is followed by a secret uneasiness, because God will be -a swift witness against the wrong, and will justify what is right in -man’s words and deeds, when done with right views. Oh! that all men -would study the end of their creation, and act accordingly; then they -would walk in the light of his countenance indeed, and “in his name -they would rejoice all the day, and in his righteousness for ever be -exalted;”</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div>“Then should their sun in smiles decline,</div> -<div class="i1">“And bring a peaceful night;”</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>which, may all who read these lines, desire, seek, and obtain, through -Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen, and Amen. </p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p> - -<h2>EXTRACT OF A LETTER TO R. H.;</h2> - - -<blockquote><p class="right"><i>dated, Cambden, 1st of 2nd month, 1824</i>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Esteemed Friend</span>,</p> - -<p>“I received thy<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1">[1]</a> book and pens, with a letter unsealed, -yesterday, dated 1st month, 17th, 1824, requesting some account -of my deceased mother and daughters. Dear Robert, thy letter -discovered a sign of generosity, or concern, for the good of all -people; and this concern enables thee to be condescending to men -of low estate; wherefore I pray, that the condescending grace of -God, that has begun with thee, may continue with thee, all the -days of thy life; and that through the all-sufficient merits of -Christ, both thee and thy family, all may be brought to Sion’s -hill; and that you may be enabled to join the blessed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span> company, to -sing redeeming love, for ever and ever, Amen.</p> - -<p>“If thou go home to England, then I shall see thee no more; but -I trust to see you in the land of rest, where partings are no -more, * * * * * the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, be with your -spirits. Amen.</p> - -<p class="right">“SOLOMON BAYLEY.”</p></blockquote> - -<hr class="smler" /> - -<p>I now proceed to give some brief account of the nativity, life, and -death, of my mother. She was born of a Guinea Woman, who was brought -from Guinea about the year 1690, as near as I can guess; and said to be -about eleven years old when brought to America. But oh! how different -is the situation of things, towards the coloured people since that day; -the Lord certainly is at work in the rising generations, to have more -pity and compassion than in ages past. My Grandmother was bought into -one of the most barbarous families of that day; and although treated -hard, was said to have fifteen sons and daughters: she lived to a great -age, until she appeared weary of life.</p> - -<p>My mother had thirteen sons and daughters; she served the same cruel -family, until they died. Then great distress and dispersion took place: -our young mistress married, and brought our<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span> family, out of the state -of Virginia, into the state of Delaware. After some years, her husband -removed back into Virginia: after that law took place against moving -slaves, which entitled all of us to freedom; we made a move to recover -it by that law, but we soon were all sold and scattered very wide -apart, some to the east, and some west, north, and south. My father and -mother they pretended to set free, to stop a trial in court, and after -they had been free about eleven months, they came upon them unawares; -my father Abner, sister Margaret, and brother Abner, were taken in the -night, and carried to Long Island, one of the West India Islands, and -sold to Abner Stephen; he has sent two letters here, or we never should -have known what had become of them.</p> - -<p>On the same night as above cited, my mother being in the house, they -meant to take her; but she made an excuse to go out at the door, -and ran and left her sucking child, and her two other children, and -her husband my father: now it being winter time, the child cried; -they therefore left it and carried away my father and the other two -children. Then some friend took the child and carried it to mother; -then mother took her son about eleven months old, and travelled near a -hundred miles from the State of Virginia to Dover in Kent County, State -of Delaware; and from thence to New Jersey. </p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p> - -<p>In this time she testified she experienced great affliction both of -body and mind; but at length, like Hagar, she was enabled to see Him -who had seen her in all her affliction, and not only to see him in -the works of creation, but also in the works of his providence; and -her mind was enlightened to see into the nature and largeness of her -sins. She also testified, that the view of eternity and of eternal -consequences, so distressed her mind, that it swallowed up her present -distress, and so she was induced to give up the lesser, and attend -to the greater; namely, to find peace and rest in the life to come: -she was enabled to go on in search after truth, until she experienced -peace of mind, and evidence of pardon for all her sins, which was her -greatest concern till death.</p> - -<p>Now the number of years that we were parted, mother and I, was about -eighteen; except that once in a great hurry, I travelled more than a -hundred miles to see her; at the same time I left keeping of a saw -mill, my wife, and young child about a mouth old, and taking with me -seventeen or eighteen dollars, which all became a sacrifice with my -time, to the relief of my mother; but I was favoured to find that -satisfaction, which I esteemed more than time or money.</p> - -<p>Now it came to pass after eighteen years, my mind was visited with a -concern to go to Africa,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span> after that Paul Cuffee had been there, and -brought good tidings from that place;<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2">[2]</a> therefore I thought it good -to put out my children in good families, where they could get some -schooling, and learn how to work, and then get my wife in with some -good sort of people; and being advised to wait till it should seem -proper to recommend me to that service, I thought it right to engage in -some profitable business, and was hired to attend a mill; in which time -the case of my mother came before me, and I sent for her to the State -of Delaware from New Jersey; and when brought together, it was indeed -like heaven on earth begun; we could sit and tell of the dangers and -difficulties we had been brought through; so my mother was favoured to -end her days with me: she, like my grandmother lived to a great age, -and appeared weary of affliction, and of this troublesome world; her -mind became disordered; she desired a short illness, which was granted; -she died the third day after she was taken sick, with very little -complaint or struggle; but was thought to have fallen asleep.</p> - -<h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1">[1]</a> The reader will observe, that Solomon frequently makes -use of the pronoun “thee,” when addressing an individual; this occurs -simply from the circumstance, that it is a mode of speech not unusual -in some parts of America, with people of different denominations; and -does not arise from any connexion that he has ever had with the societyof friends.</p> - -<p class="right">R. H.</p> - -<p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2">[2]</a> This concern was doubtless of a religious character: the -death of the pious and enterprising Paul Cuffee, was the probable cause -of the visit being relinquished.</p> - -<p class="right">R. H.</p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span></p> - -<h2>A BRIEF ACCOUNT</h2> - -<p class="bold">OF MY</p> - -<p class="bold2">ELDEST DAUGHTER, MARGARET BAYLEY,</p> - -<p class="bold"><i>Who died in the twenty-fourth year of her age</i>.</p> - -<p>She was a pleasant child in her manners and behaviour, yet fond of gay -dress and new fashions; yet her mind was much inclined to her book, and -to read good lessons.</p> - -<p>And it pleased the Father of mercy to open her understanding, to see -excellent things out of his law, and to convince her that it was his -will she should be holy here and happy hereafter; but custom, habit, -and shame, seemed to chain her down, so that she appeared like one that -was halting between two opinions.</p> - -<p>But about a month before she was taken for death, she went to Meeting -under a concern about her future state; and the Meeting appeared to -be favoured with the out pouring of the spirit of love, and of power: -Margaret came home under great concern of mind, and manifested a -wonderful change in her manners and behaviour; I believe the whole -family were affected at the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span> sight of the alteration, which indeed -appeared like that of the prodigal son coming home to his father; for -my own part I felt fear and great joy; such was her delight to read -the Bible, and ask the meaning of certain texts of Scripture, which -evidenced a concern to make sure work for eternity.</p> - -<p>In this frame of mind she was taken for death; she appeared very -desirous to live for the first four weeks, but was very patient, and -of a sweet temper and disposition all the time: I recollect but one -instance when she was known to give way to peevish fretfulness; then -I, feeling the evil spirit striving to get the advantage of her, very -tenderly and earnestly admonished her not to regard trifles, but to -look to that power which was able to save her; and from that time she -became passive and resigned.</p> - -<p>The following two weeks her pain was great, and baffled all the force -of medicine: a few days before her departure, she was urged with much -brokenness of heart to make confession; when she was let into a view -of the vanity of the world, with all its glittering snares; and said, -she could not rest till her hair was cut off; for she said, “I was -persuaded to plait my hair against my father’s advice, and I used to -tie up my head when father would come to see me, and hide ruffles and -gay dress from him, and now I cannot rest till my hair is cut off.” I -said, “no, my <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span>daughter, let it be till thee gets well:” she answered, -“Oh! no, cut it now:” so I to pacify her took and cropped it.</p> - -<p>After this she appeared filled with raptures of joy, and talked of -going, as if death had lost its sting; this was about three days before -her departure; she seemed to have her senses as long as she could -speak: a little before her speech left her, she called us all, one by -one, held out her hand, bade us farewell, and looked as if she felt -that assurance and peace that destroyed the fear of death; and while -she held out her hands, she earnestly charged us to meet her in heaven.</p> - -<p>Thus ends the account of Margaret Bayley, daughter of Solomon and -Thamar Bayley, who departed this life the 26th of the 3rd month, 1821, -aged twenty-three years, eleven months, and twenty-eight days.</p> - - -<p class="center">TO THE PIOUS READER.</p> - -<blockquote><p><i>I desire to give the pious, a brief account of the life and death -of my youngest daughter, Leah Bayley, who departed this life the -27th of the 7th month, 1821, aged twenty-one years, six months, -and one day.</i></p></blockquote> - -<p>She, from a child, was more weak and sickly than her sister Margaret, -and the thought of leaving her here in this ill-natured world caused -me many serious moments; but the great Parent of all good, in the -greatness of his care, took her away, and relieved me of the care of -her for ever. </p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span></p> - -<p>Weakness of body and mind appeared in her as she grew up; and an -inclination to vanity and idleness; but being bound out under an -industrious mistress, to learn to work and to have schooling, her mind -soon became much inclined to her book and then to business. Her school -mistress gave her a little book, concerning some pious young people -that lived happily and died happily, and were gone to heaven: namely,</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div>Young Samuel, that little child,</div> -<div>Who served the Lord, liv’d undefiled.</div> -<div>Like young Abijah I must be,</div> -<div>That good things may be found in me.</div> -<div>Young Timothy, that blessed youth,</div> -<div>Who sought the Lord and loved the truth.</div> -<div>I must not sin as others do</div> -<div>Lest I lie down in sorrow too.</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>These blessed examples won her heart, so as to bury every other -enjoyment: she seemed to possess as great a deadness to the world, as -any young woman I ever observed: she seemed not ashamed to read in -any company, white or coloured; and she read to the sick with intense -desire, which appeared from her weeping, and solid manner of behaviour. -She seemed to desire to walk in the fear of the Lord all the day long: -every body that observed her, remarked her serious steady behaviour; -she seemed as if she was trying to imitate those good children whom she -read about; and so continued until she was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span> taken sick; and although -her sickness was long and sharp, yet she bore it like a lamb.</p> - -<p>A few days before her decease, I was noticing how hard she drew her -breath: she looked very wistful at me, and said, “O! father, how much -I do suffer:” I answered, “yes, my dear, I believe thee does:” then, -after a long pause, she said, “but I think I never shall say I suffer -too much:” this I apprehend was extorted from a view of the sufferings -of Christ, and her own imperfections: this was about three days before -her decease. The day she died, she called us all, one by one, and like -her sister Margaret, held out her hand, and with much composure of mind -bade us farewell, as if she was only going a short walk, and to return.</p> - -<hr /> - -<h2>EXTRACT OF A LETTER TO R. H.</h2> - -<blockquote><p class="right"><i>Dated 3rd month 26th, 1824.</i></p> - -<p><span class="s6"> </span>“I thank thee, dear Robert, for spending a thought -on so poor and unworthy a thing as I am; but I especially thank -your God and my God, for putting it into thy heart to enquire -anything about the work of grace on my mind. I trust it is with -gratitude I now<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span> write onto thee of my call to the ministry: and -first I may say,</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div>“God works in a mysterious way,”</div> -<div class="i1">“His wonders to perform.”</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>“Secondly, he knows how to get himself honour and praise by the -most feeble; for to undertake to make such a creature as I am, -work in his vineyard, was amazing to me; but there was a great -work to do, to make me fit for anything at all; surely he called -me oftener than he did Samuel, when he was a child: but after I -was savingly converted to God, he was pleased to pour into my -heart a measure of his universal love; and when my heart was -filled with love towards God, and good will towards all mankind; -then a longing desire that all people might taste and see the -riches of his grace, continued with me day and night; then a -strong impression to go in the fear of the Lord and speak to men -of all descriptions, seemed to be required of me.</p> - -<p>“But Oh! dear friend, after my mind was thus prepared, I had a -great warfare and strife; first, with man-fear, and a man-pleasing -spirit, then with shame, desire of praise, and a good name.</p> - -<p>“Now, dear friend, in this exercise of mind there were some -scriptures came into my mind, to encourage and strengthen me; such -as, the II. Corinthians, xii. 9—II. Kings, v. 4—I.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span> Corinthians, -i. 21, 27, 28, and chapter xi. 3. also chapter ix. 16, 22—II. -Corinthians, xi. 29—Daniel xii. 3—Isaiah vi. 5—Jeremiah i. -6—John i. 15, and chapter iii. 2—Hebrews xi. 34; all these -scriptures mightily helped to encourage me to go forward in -speaking to a dying people, the words of eternal life. Oh! what -an affecting view of the worth of souls, came into my mind; and -I thought, if I could be made instrumental in the hand of the -Lord, in saving one soul, it would be matter of rejoining to all -eternity. So I went out trusting in the Lord; but I should soon -have fainted in mind, if it had not been for the encouragement I -met with, both from God and man. Now to Him that sits upon the -throne be honour and praise, world without end. Amen.</p> - -<p>“With good wishes to thee and thine, I conclude, thy friend,</p> - -<p class="right">“SOLOMON BAYLEY.”</p></blockquote> - - -<p class="center space-above">——<br />YOUNGMAN, PRINTER, WITHAM AND MALDON.</p> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A NARRATIVE OF SOME REMARKABLE INCIDENTS IN THE LIFE OF SOLOMON BAYLEY ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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