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-The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Church and the Census, by James Skinner
-
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions 
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at 
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-
-Title: The Church and the Census
-       A Tract for the Times
-
-
-Author: James Skinner
-
-
-
-Release Date: March 20, 2021  [eBook #64877]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-
-***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE CHURCH AND THE CENSUS***
-
-
-Transcribed from the 1860 Joseph Masters edition by David Price.  Many
-thanks to the British Library for making their copy available.
-
-                          A TRACT FOR THE TIMES.
-
-                                * * * * *
-
-
-
-
-
-                                THE CHURCH
-                                   AND
-                               THE CENSUS.
-
-
-                                * * * * *
-
-                                  BY THE
-                         REV. JAMES SKINNER, M.A.
-
-                                * * * * *
-
-                                 LONDON:
-                    JOSEPH MASTERS, ALDERSGATE STREET,
-                           AND NEW BOND STREET.
-
-                                 MDCCCLX.
-
-                                * * * * *
-
-                                 LONDON:
-                    PRINTED BY JOSEPH MASTERS AND CO.,
-                            ALDERSGATE STREET.
-
-                                * * * * *
-
-
-
-
-THE CHURCH AND THE CENSUS.
-
-
-I DESIRE to say what follows, in all earnestness, to my fellow-countrymen
-who have been, through GOD’S goodness, baptized into the Church of
-England.  I shall be thankful, also, if others will patiently consider
-what is here set down.
-
-There can be no question that, in old times, GOD was pleased to set up a
-visible token, whereby the world might be convinced of His power and
-love.  And this token was also a witness to GOD’S Truth.  No one doubts
-that the Jewish Church and nation were the witnesses of GOD; and that
-they were His witnesses by His own express appointment.  It is equally
-allowed, on all hands, that the Jewish Church and nation failed in their
-witness.  They failed—not because the need of witnessing had been taken
-away; or their authority to witness had been loosened.  But they failed,
-because, having the power of choice free—to stand by GOD or to desert
-Him, they chose to desert Him.  They failed, because they chose to blind
-themselves to the need of witnessing.  They failed, because they chose to
-set at nought that authority to witness with which they had been clothed.
-GOD’S law of always having His witness did not fail.  The very failure of
-the Jewish Church and nation, in the place of witness, _was_ a witness.
-The Jewish Church and nation could desert its place of witness.  It could
-prefer its own will to GOD’S will.  It could prefer the will of the
-people to the will of GOD.  It could prefer the kingdom of this world to
-the kingdom of Heaven.  And it _did_ prefer its own will, and the will of
-the people, and the kingdom of this world.
-
-Look at the prophecy of Hosea, and what is there said of all Israel in
-the name of Ephraim.  Read the seventh chapter.  The Prophet is reproving
-the sins of the princes, and the great men of Israel.  “All their kings
-are fallen.”  The flame of civil discord has spread, and dried up the
-sources of legitimate authority among them.  An anarchy of eleven years,
-after the death of Jeroboam II., has terminated in the assassination of
-Zachariah and his successors Shallum and Pekahiah.  “And yet there is
-none among them that calleth unto Me,” saith the LORD.
-
-And then, he denounces judgment against the people in the mass, for their
-hypocrisy and unfaithfulness.  Whereas, by GOD’S institution, they were a
-peculiar people,—witnesses for GOD, and separate from the world, “they
-have mixed themselves among the people,”—that is, among the idolaters of
-the land,—they are “as a cake not turned,” as a cake baked only on one
-side; serving GOD by halves, halting between two masters; worshipping GOD
-a little, and worshipping idols a little, and worshipping nothing much.
-And so, as a consequence, what must have followed, _did_ follow.  The
-Syrians, in the time of Jehoahaz, reduced them to great straits.  They
-had but fifty horsemen and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen. {5}
-They were “made like the dust by threshing.”  Shortly after, in the days
-of Menahem, they became tributaries to Pul, king of Assyria. {6}  And at
-length they were carried away captive bodily by Shalmaneser.
-
-Now, all this has a forcible application to a spiritual state of things,
-and sets forth the condition of the Church in the world, as at other
-times, so especially at this time in which we live.
-
-Ephraim is the witness of GOD—testifying GOD’S Truth,—bearing GOD’S
-commission—appointed in the world to win and attract the people,—to draw
-them upward, far above worldly measures of things to the divine measure
-of things—to the things which shall be in the eternal Future, and to the
-fixed and unchangeable will of GOD, on which that eternal Future stands.
-But “Ephraim hath mixed himself” with the people,—he has “learned their
-inventions,”—he has adapted his witness to their demands,—he has lowered
-his standard of GOD’S appointment to the people’s standard of human
-construction.  So that GOD’S teaching and man’s teaching have become
-confused and indifferently accepted, and they who have fallen into grave
-errors of faith are in no sense differently esteemed from those who have
-maintained the truth as revealed by GOD, and as witnessed by the Church
-in every land, in every age, by every tongue.
-
-And so, the spiritual Ephraim, who was set up for a witness to the truth,
-has become “a cake not turned,” a half-equipped soldier in the fight,
-with but half a heart to his Master’s service.
-
-What is the occasion which now presses?  While many of us are praising
-GOD in grateful love for His unspeakable mercy in vouchsafing us His
-Truth—His determinate and fixed Truth—in which alone souls are saved—His
-Truth, as divinely committed to the Church “the pillar and ground of the
-Truth,”—and handed down from age to age in every land,—His Truth as
-mercifully retained and maintained in the Prayer Book of the Church of
-England,—set forth with categorical precision in the three Creeds of
-universal Christendom, and expanded and applied in the offices of Holy
-Baptism and the Communion of the Body and Blood of CHRIST—while we are
-keeping solemn festival to the Glory of GOD, and the power of His Truth,
-the “religious world” is exciting itself with vexing hopes and fears
-about the decennial Census which the State is about to take of the
-religious condition of the country.
-
-I do not believe that this question excites churchmen, or that they care,
-except as a matter of political justice, what becomes of it.  For
-themselves they know what they are, and where they stand, and in Whom
-they trust.  And they are “ready always to give an answer to every man
-that asketh them a reason of the hope that is in them.”  With no
-“uncertain sound,” or doubting heart, but with plainness and boldness, as
-Christian men and women, “standing fast in one spirit, with one mind
-striving together for the faith of the Gospel, and nothing terrified by
-their adversaries.” {8}
-
-But it is a question full of importance, because of the evidence which it
-draws out of the condition of men’s minds among whom we live, and because
-of the lesson which that evidence reads to ourselves.
-
-I do not enter upon the question whether it is right or wrong for the
-state to ask people about their religion.  My own conviction is that,
-under the distracting circumstances of religion in this country, it would
-be better and wiser for the state to abstain.  And yet in common sense
-the state may as well demand information as to my religious profession,
-as in respect of my age or worldly calling.  But the question having been
-raised, what is this evidence which it has brought to light, and which I
-say is so grave in its results?  There is a vehement, almost a
-_passionate_ resistance of the proposition, that men should give an
-account of their faith.
-
-It is true that JESUS CHRIST, the very Saviour and Redeemer of our souls,
-has said, “Whosoever shall confess Me _before men_, him will I confess
-also before My FATHER which is in heaven; and whosoever shall deny Me
-_before men_, him will I also deny before My FATHER which is in heaven.”
-{9a}  But people on all sides are saying, “not so—not before
-men,—religion is a private and secret matter between GOD and me.”
-
-It is true that holy David declared that “he would _speak_ even before
-kings and not be ashamed,” {9b} that S. John Baptist “confessed and
-denied not, but confessed;” {9c} that S. Paul, for himself, “continued
-_witnessing_ to small and great,” {10a} and in the name of all Christians
-laid it down that “we believe and _therefore speak_,” {10b} and that
-“every _tongue_ should confess.” {10c}  But people on all sides are
-saying, “Not so—not confess, not witness, not speak,—any other test you
-please; number us as we sit here or stand there; but do not ask us to
-speak.  We prefer to take our place with the ‘chief rulers who believed,
-but did not confess;’—we believe, but do not ask us to confess.”
-
-And this resistance has two sides—one political, and the other
-quasi-religious.
-
-Political men resist, because they say the Church of England holds them,
-and yet does _not_ hold them.  It holds them politically, gives them, if
-they demand it, baptism, or communion, or churching, or burial.  Yet it
-does _not_ hold them because they object to her services, and usages, and
-prefer preachers of their own, and _other_ doctrines than hers.  “We are
-Churchmen,” say these people, “in one sense, though not in another; and
-therefore we prefer not to define ourselves at all.  We go to ‘meeting,’
-but we have not parted final company with the Church.  And as
-excommunication can alone sever the bond between us, we are glad that
-excommunication is now unknown.”
-
-Such is one side of the opposition to the notion of defining their faith.
-How shall they define it?  Once perhaps when the Catechism was fresh upon
-the soft and docile mind of their childhood they might have been able,
-but now that is a mere reminiscence.  They know not to-day what they may
-believe to-morrow.  Meantime they will hold on to the Church as to a
-secular institution, and do what they can to secularize it.  It will
-become more useful and less mischievous in their opinion, just as men
-cease to regard it as a “witness” for the glory of GOD, and a training
-school for the salvation of souls.
-
-The other side of the same opposition has more appearance of religious
-feeling about it.  Men object to define their faith, because really and
-conscientiously they _have_ no faith which they _can_ define.  “False
-shame,” “procrastination,” “self-distrust in honourable minds,” (as it
-has been mischievously called, {11}) “consciousness of imperfection,”
-such are the pleas with which they indulgently flatter themselves.  They
-are not yet ripe for any “visible Church;” so they ignorantly and
-complacently express it; they mean to wait; they are not unchristian
-because they dare not make choice of a denomination _yet_.  Surely not.
-By and by will be time enough.  They will make a profession some day
-though not now.
-
-When I hear on every side as I mix with my fellow men, and read in every
-newspaper, as I strive to note down the voice of the public press as it
-gains upon the popular mind, such sentiments as these, I am bound to say
-that if this be not spiritually the reproduction of the picture of
-Ephraim, as Hosea drew it in the days of Israel’s apostasy, and as such,
-if it be not the accomplishment among ourselves of a prophetic
-announcement which spiritually concerned the Church of CHRIST, I know not
-where to find a prophecy fulfilled.  “Ephraim he hath mixed himself among
-the people: Ephraim is a cake not turned.  Strangers have devoured his
-strength, and he knoweth it not; yea, grey hairs are here and there upon
-him; yet he knoweth not.” {12}
-
-I will now presume to say something in the presence of this calamity
-which afflicts the Church of CHRIST in England.
-
-I.  First, I will say that as Truth is one and indivisible, so your faith
-as English Churchmen, with the Cross of CHRIST upon your foreheads,—and
-the bond of the “Apostles’ doctrine and fellowship” in your hearts,—and
-the Prayer Book with its Catholic witness in your hands, is fixed, and
-easily defined.
-
-It is fixed, because otherwise it could not be the Truth.  And you
-possess that which is fixed, because otherwise that which you possess
-could not be true.  The Church of GOD is “the pillar and ground of the
-Truth;” {13} and you have the Truth from the Church of GOD.
-
-The Church of GOD does not create the Truth.  The Church of GOD does not
-even give force and power to the Truth.  But the Church of GOD is the
-depositary of the Truth.  The Church of GOD has the Truth to keep, and to
-maintain, and to hand down.  The Church of GOD is the orb, out of which
-the glorious light of the Truth shines and overspreads the earth.  The
-Church of GOD is the candlestick which holds the light.  The Church of
-GOD is the pillar on which the proclamation of the Truth is written, and
-held up and heralded through the world.  You learn truth from that
-pillar.  And that pillar is the Church of GOD?
-
-What Church of GOD?  The one Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church of GOD.
-The same which delivered the “decrees of the Apostles and elders at
-Jerusalem:” {14} the same which confounded Arius at Nicæa: the same which
-overwhelmed Nestorius at Ephesus: the same which silenced Macedonius at
-Constantinople: the same which vanquished Eutyches at Chalcedon:—the one
-Holy Church throughout the world.
-
-2.  Next, I desire to lay down this—that, contrary to what the advocates
-of a religious census seem to imply—truth and numbers have no relation
-one to the other, unless it be that truth is with the few.  The greatest
-number of mankind is yet in darkness and error; as S. John says, “the
-world lieth in wickedness.”
-
-All GOD’S Word testifies that, compared with the many who forsake the
-truth, or who never accept it, or who deny it and lose its fruits, those
-who receive it, and live by it, and enter into its reward, are few.  Of
-all the world at the time of the Flood only eight persons were worthy to
-be rescued.  Among all the guilty families in the cities of the plain,
-only Lot’s escaped destruction.  Of all the six hundred thousand Hebrews
-delivered out of Egypt, though blessed with the same miracles, conducted
-by the same Guide, and nourished by the same Manna, two only entered the
-promised land.  In the taking of Jericho, of all the houses in the city
-only the harlot Rahab’s was spared.  Of all the thirty and two thousand
-soldiers of Gideon, but three hundred were found worthy to contend for
-the LORD.  And so, of all those olive berries and clusters of grapes set
-forth by the Prophet to describe the called of GOD,—there shall be saved
-only “as the shaking of the olive tree, and as the gleaning grapes, when
-the vintage is done.” {15}
-
-Therefore Religion is not for show, but for reality.  GOD is for Truth,
-and not for numbers.  And they who are truly wise must be content, as the
-Apostles of old were content, to have numbers against them, if so it be,
-and to pass in turn through good and evil report, in the honest and
-simple defence of what is true.
-
-This facing of the Truth against numbers is a necessity.  And if you seek
-to shun it, you are sure nevertheless to encounter it; and with all the
-more roughness, for your efforts to escape it.  If you side with the
-multitude, you will probably be magnified by those who are in the wrong.
-But you will hardly escape being censured by those who are in the right.
-And their commendation, if it makes less noise, has more value.
-
-You must not be dismayed, therefore, because the world is against you.
-You must not begin a course of action because it is popular; nor must you
-abandon a course of action because it is decried.  Look to what pleases
-GOD, not to what will please the multitude.  And then you will do what is
-right.  You will be wise for GOD.  And GOD is over all.
-
-3.  Once more.  No earnest mind can entertain the thought of what is
-passing among us, without feeling that these are sifting times.  Times of
-division, when errors abound, are always times of sifting; times in which
-GOD is trying what men are made of; whether they are corn or chaff, gold
-or dross, wheat or tares.
-
-Ephraim is “a cake not turned.”  But who are guilty?  “I will sift the
-House of Israel,” saith the LORD, “as corn is sifted in a sieve, yet
-shall not the least grain fall upon the earth.”  {17a}  This is the one
-comfort in the midst of so much sorrow.  Whosoever is true grain, shall
-not be lost.  See to it, then, that each soul among you is _true grain_.
-
-GOD is sifting your sincerity by the errors which He suffers to compass
-you about.  “I hear there are divisions among you, and I believe it,”
-says the Apostle, “for there _must_ be heresies among you, that they
-which are approved may be made manifest.” {17b}  And your stability He is
-sifting—whether or not you are as Reuben, “unstable as water,” weak, and
-soft, and yielding, and inconstant.  And your zeal, and your knowledge,
-and your love,—He is sifting all these, in this your day of probation.
-
-You have had great gifts at GOD’S Hand, unspeakable opportunities of
-knowing Him and His Truth—the Word of GOD, the witness of the Church, and
-the “Spirit leading you into all Truth” through the ordained means of
-grace—through Sacraments and Prayer.  How is it with you?  Are you yet
-“men” in knowledge, with the “full assurance of understanding to the
-acknowledgment of the mystery of GOD, and of the FATHER, and of CHRIST,
-in Whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.” {18a}  Or are
-you “children in understanding,” “tossed to and fro and carried about
-with every wind of doctrine by the sleight of men, and cunning craftiness
-whereby they lie in wait to deceive?” {18b}
-
-Now is the test of your weakness or of your strength.  Now it will be
-seen _who_ is possessed by that enervated and timid spirit which inspires
-so many faltering hearts, and directs so many enfeebled wills, in this
-day of conflict for the Church of GOD.
-
-And, above all, your love is being sifted.  Is your hold upon the Church
-and her teaching “rooted and grounded in love?”  GOD is trying your
-_love_—your love to Himself, to CHRIST, to the Truth.  The head is not a
-casket in which Truth can safely lie enshrined.  It is soon stolen from
-thence.  But, if you have lodged it in the heart, and embedded it there
-in folds of love, men may take out your heart, but out of your heart they
-cannot take the Truth.
-
-It is for want of love that so many men among us are cowards,—that so
-much is sacrificed to the first appearance of danger,—that so much is
-offered up to expediency, to popularity, to success.  The world is a
-worshipper of success.  But the world has no love for the Truth.  The
-world knows nothing of the blessed joy of undergoing persecution and
-danger, and making ventures, for the Truth’s sake.  And so, as “Ephraim
-has mixed himself” with the world, he is as “a cake not turned,” and
-“strangers have devoured his strength,” in this age of concession and
-falling away.
-
-But what says “He Who sitteth upon the throne?”  “He that overcometh
-shall inherit all things.” {19}  But the “fearful” or cowardly, (the
-_δειλοὶ_,) and the unfaithful or “unbelieving” (the _ἄπιστοι_,) the
-deserters who fall off from want of faith and patience, what of them?
-“they shall have their part with murderers, and whore-mongers, and
-idolaters, and liars, in the lake which burns with fire and brimstone,
-which is the second death.” {20a}
-
-And what says the Apostle?  When love is perfect {20b} then we have
-“boldness in the _crisis_,” or judgment, or trial, of faith; and “love
-casts out fear.”  And fear is the parent of all unlawful concessions.
-
-We owe the Truth an external service as well as an internal devotion.
-And they have no love for the Truth who withhold an external service.
-The faith of the heart will no more avail without the confession of the
-mouth, than the confession of the mouth will avail without the faith of
-the heart.
-
-If it be enough for CHRIST that you know Him, though you confess Him not
-before men, it will also be enough for you that He knows you, though, at
-the last, He confess you not before men.  It is not enough to say, “I
-hold the Truth in my heart, but I am silent before the world.”  And,
-therefore, CHRIST does _not_ say, “he that confesseth Me in his heart;”
-but CHRIST says, “he that confesseth Me _before men_.”  They are vital
-words, these words of CHRIST.  Lay them up in your hearts, and live by
-them.  Hear them at length.  “Whosoever shall confess Me before men, him
-will I confess also before My FATHER Which is in Heaven.  But whosoever
-shall deny Me before men, him will I also deny before My FATHER Which is
-in Heaven.  Think not that I am come to send peace on earth, I came not
-to send peace but a sword.  For I am come to set a man at variance
-against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the
-daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law, and a man’s foes shall be they
-of his own household.  He that loveth father or mother more than Me is
-not worthy of Me; and he that loveth son or daughter more than Me is not
-worthy of Me.  And he that taketh not his cross and followeth after Me is
-not worthy of Me.  He that findeth his life shall lose it, and he that
-loseth his life for My sake shall find it.” {21}
-
-
-
-
-POSTSCRIPT.
-
-
-WHILE these pages are passing through the press, the Government has
-yielded the point at issue.  It has yielded, against its own convictions.
-It has yielded to pressure,—and to pressure from those whom it considers
-wrong-headed, and unreasonable, and unjust.
-
-The Government believed and declared that it was fair, and right, and
-just, and necessary “for legislative purposes,” that the people of
-England should _confess_ the religious profession which they make—each
-man his own.  The Government still believes in the fairness, and justice,
-and necessity of such a declaration.  But, because some persons object to
-it, on the ground that no man ought to be asked what his religion is, or
-whether he has any religion at all, and because those persons have
-political influence, the Government has yielded its convictions to those
-persons.
-
-The Government loves its convictions a little.  It loves political
-influence much.  And so, this has come out clear—whatever is just, and
-fair, and right, and even necessary for “legislative purposes,” has no
-chance of prevailing in the counsels of Government, unless, _first_, the
-political influence of the Government shall be secured.  If on the side
-of injustice, and unfairness, and the entanglement and perversion of
-legislation, there should be political influence, that will be the side
-of the Government.  Evil consequences in the future are nothing.  Present
-place and present power are everything.
-
-I think this ought to be a lesson to Churchmen not to put faith in
-Governments.  The Church can never lose by any measures which are just,
-and fair, and straightforward, and open.  And, therefore, the Church had
-nothing to lose from the “religious profession” clause of the Census
-Bill.  But as Governments do not bind themselves to keep their faith, and
-are always ready to sacrifice their convictions of justice to their lust
-of power, the Church must have no trust in Governments.
-
-The object of this tract is not affected by the weak and pitiful conduct
-of the Government.  It never was my object to defend the “religious
-profession” clause.  I have said that, considering the religious
-distractions of this country, I think it would be wiser for the
-Government to leave the religious profession of the people alone.  And I
-say so still.  Never to have proposed a Census of religious opinions at
-all would have been wise.  But, to have proposed it—to have stoutly
-maintained the justice of it—to have asserted the necessity of it for
-equitable legislation,—and then, to have withdrawn it to satisfy an
-unreasoning handful of Dissenters, who make themselves heard in the House
-of Commons, is not to be characterized by any negative form of judgment.
-This is not simply want of wisdom.  It is more like that moral imbecility
-which, in men whom GOD has burdened with a high trust, is really a crime.
-
-The object of this tract remains.  And therefore, notwithstanding the
-course which the Government has taken, I send it forth to effect that
-object, as opportunity shall be found.  I ask my countrymen and
-countrywomen—Christian men and women—simply to consider, as in the
-presence of GOD, these two appalling facts, which the discussion of the
-Census Bill has forced to the surface, in this day of _Crisis_ for the
-Truth.
-
-1.  That thousands of baptized souls in England are content to believe
-nothing in particular.
-
-2.  That thousands more who protest that they _do_ believe something in
-particular, protest also that they cannot “confess” that something
-“before men.”
-
-                                * * * * *
-
-         _Price_ 2_d._, _or_ 10_s._ _per_ 100 _for distribution_.
-
-                                * * * * *
-
-                                * * * * *
-
-           JOSEPH MASTERS AND CO., PRINTERS, ALDERSGATE STREET.
-
-
-
-
-FOOTNOTES.
-
-
-{5}  2 Kings xiii. 7.
-
-{6}  2 Kings xv. 19.
-
-{8}  Phil. i. 27, 28.
-
-{9a}  S. Matt. x. 32.
-
-{9b}  Ps. cxix. 46.
-
-{9c}  S. John i. 20.
-
-{10a}  Acts xxvi. 22.
-
-{10b}  2 Cor. iv. 13.
-
-{10c}  Phil. ii. 11.
-
-{11}  See _Daily News_ of May 11, 1860.
-
-{12}  Hosea vii. 9.
-
-{13}  1 Tim. iii. 15.
-
-{14}  Acts xv.
-
-{15}  Isa. xxiv. 13.
-
-{17a}  Amos ix. 9.
-
-{17b}  1 Cor. xi. 19.
-
-{18a}  Col. ii. 2.
-
-{18b}  Eph. iv. 14.
-
-{19}  Rev. xxi. 7.
-
-{20a}  Rev. xxi. 8.
-
-{20b}  1 S. John iv. 17, 18.
-
-{21}  S. Matt. x. 32–39.
-
-
-
-
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