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diff --git a/old/64715-0.txt b/old/64715-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 11fb323..0000000 --- a/old/64715-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,896 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, Palm Sunday, by Maria Callcott - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: Palm Sunday - or, Little Mary's Saturday's walk - - -Author: Maria Callcott - - - -Release Date: March 6, 2021 [eBook #64715] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PALM SUNDAY*** - - -Transcribed from the 1840 W. Birch edition by David Price. - - - - - - PALM SUNDAY: - - - OR, - - LITTLE MARY’S SATURDAY’S WALK. - - * * * * * - - BY LADY CALLCOTT. - - * * * * * - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - PRINTED FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE KENSINGTON SCHOOLS IN PEEL STREET, - HOPE TERRACE, AND THE POTTERIES. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - * * * * * - - KENSINGTON: - - PRINTED BY W. BIRCH, HIGH STREET. - - 1840. - - PRICE ONE SHILLING. - - * * * * * - - - - -PALM SUNDAY; -OR, -LITTLE MARY’S SATURDAY’S WALK. - - -“COME, Mary!” said Mr. Lumley to his little girl, one Saturday afternoon, -“put on your bonnet and your thick shoes. I am going to Davies’s -cottage, and there is a basket for you to carry, with some work for Jane, -and some jelly for her grandmother. The lane is pretty clean, and the -stepping-stones, even the rickety one, quite out of water.” - -Before the last comfortable assurance could be heard, Mary was ready for -the walk. - -Papa at leisure on a fine Saturday afternoon to help her to enjoy her -holiday would have been enough; but to go to old Molly Davies, and to see -her favourite Sunday-scholar Jane, was pleasure indeed. - -It was a charming afternoon,—one of the first that Mary had called so -that spring. The winter had been severe; there had been no fine -Saturdays in February, scarcely one in March. But on this, the wind was -soft, the sun was shining, the violets had no withered brown edges to -their deep blue petals, but looked and smelt as March violets should look -and smell. In the sheltered lane there were a few full-blown primroses -among the moss, the woolly stems of the cowslips were already peeping up -in the meadows, and innumerable buds of all Mary’s favourite spring -flowers seemed ready to open in the warm sunshine. - -“Oh, papa, how happy I am!” cried the little girl, as she shewed him a -lap full of gay colours. “Here are yellow pileworts, and grey -lady’s-smocks, and wood sorrel, and cowslips, ready to blow; and, I -declare, there’s a wood anemone quite blown. Oh! this year these darling -anemones will answer to their pretty name of pasque-flower, for they will -be in full beauty by Easter. - -“Do you know, papa, I feel as if it were more good in God to create -beautiful things to make us happy when we only look at them, than even to -give us needful and useful things, which are often far from being -beautiful or pleasant. I hope I am not foolish or wrong to say so.” - -“No, my little Mary. I remember the wise and good Mrs. W—y said the same -thing, almost in your very words, to me some years ago, when she saw a -bunch of spring flowers in water on the table of a sick friend. I am -glad you are learning to see and love the goodness of God while you are -young; it will make it easier to do your duty towards him for the rest of -your life.” - -“Hush! dear papa. Hush one moment!—I am almost sure I hear a willow-wren -in the hedge; and those wagtails! I declare they are catching flies -already; and look! there are the little tadpoles all gathering round that -green mossy stone, how merry they are in the clear water! But here we -are at Davies’s cottage, and there’s a thrush singing; and old Molly says -the thrushes sing earlier in the copse behind their house than anywhere -else. Do you think it’s true, papa?” - -“I don’t know, my dear. But run in and settle it with Molly, while I -step on to the overseer’s; and by the time you are ready to go home, I -will call for you.” - -Now, this was just what Mary liked. She went into the house by herself, -and felt very important as she opened her basket and gave Jane directions -about the needle-work to be done for her mamma, and then helped her to -spread the cloth on Molly’s little deal table, that she might eat some of -the jelly, to do her good directly, as Mary said. - -Meantime, the flowers were laid out in due order by the two little girls; -and as soon as Molly was at leisure, a hundred questions were asked at -once, but as she declared she could only answer one by one, Mary was -obliged to curb her impatience. - -“Well, then,” she said, “do tell me why this pretty yellow flower is -called pile-wort?” - -“I have been told,” said Molly, “that wort means root or plant in -general; as for the _pile_ you know that is an old word for cross, and as -you have brought a bit of the root, I can shew you why this is called -pile-wort, or cross-root. Look, I will cut the root across, and you will -see a number of black spots in the form of a cross, upon the white part. -In former days this root was used in washes and salves, for healing many -kinds of sores. This pretty little green leaf, whose flower is just -budding, lying close by, is adder’s-tongue; and I still often boil it -with sweet oil and wax to make salve for the wounds and cuts that mowers -and reapers are apt to meet with in the course of their work.” - -“And what do you do with the lady’s-smocks?” cried Mary. “I see such a -store of dried ones hanging up there!” - -“They are the remains of last year’s gathering, Miss. The powder made of -them is given for agues. The bundles of roots hanging by them belong to -your pasque-flower: they are good in powders and in drinks for obstinate -coughs; and this pinkish wood-sorrel makes a sort of tea which is very -good for colds. In short, you have not brought anything but the pretty -primroses that I do not remember using or seeing used to cure some -ailment or other.” - -“What, Molly, even the violets?” - -“Oh yes, Miss! The syrup of violets makes people sleep as well as the -laudanum the doctors are so fond of now-a-days. But next month and the -one after it are those of all the year that bring forth most of the -plants of which the leaves and flowers are good for physic. August and -September ripen such as have most virtue in the seeds and roots. If your -mamma likes it, I shall be very glad to tell you all I know about these -things, and Jane can shew you all the plants I use in the fields.” - -“Thank you!—thank you, dear Molly! but here comes Sam, with a whole -bundle of sticks. What can they be? Oh, I see now, they are palms to -wear to-morrow. Are they good to cure sickness? And why do we call them -palms, and carry them about on Palm Sunday?” - -“Why, Miss, I think you had better ask your papa the two last questions, -and, in the meantime, I will do my best to answer the first. The bark of -willows in general, but particularly that of the sallow, which is the -palm-willow, has long been known and used as a cure for agues and low -fevers; and though the elm and some other barks were employed, yet none -was found to be so good as the sallow, till the Jesuits brought the bark -of a shrub from America, about two hundred years ago, which is so much -more powerful as a cure for the same disorders that the European barks -are nearly out of use. {5} But here comes your papa, and I shall be as -glad as you to hear what he will have to tell you.” - -“Papa! papa!” cried the eager little girl, as she ran to meet her father, -“do come in quick, and tell Molly, and Jane, and me, all about them.” - -“All about what, or who, my dear? The new benches in the church, or the -children in the new school?” - -“No, no, not now; but about the palms, papa! and Palm-Sunday, and why we -carry palms, and—” - -“Enough, enough, my little girl. If I answer all those questions, I must -sit down in the chimney-corner, and Jane must give me a draught of whey, -and Molly must have patience with us for at least half an hour.” - -“That I will, and be thankful too, your reverence,” said the old woman. -Jane dusted the settle, and brought the whey, and the party was soon -seated. - -And now, who so happy as little Mary? Seated on her father’s knee, -hoping to have all her questions answered, with old Molly in the opposite -chimney-corner, Jane at work in the window-seat, and old puss purring on -the hearth: it was far the best Saturday afternoon she had known, this -year at any rate. - -“You know, my little Mary,” said Mr. Lumley, “that what you call palms -are really branches of willow in flower, and that all willows bear their -flowers, called catkins, before their leaves come out. I think you know, -also, that real palms are trees which only grow in hot climates, whose -large branch-like leaves grow like a crown, distinguishing them among -trees, on the top of the stem, whether it be only one year old or a -hundred. I think you can compare a palm-leaf to nothing so aptly as to -the ostrich feathers which ladies wear in their head-dresses. - -“Now these palm branches have been thought, at all times and in all -places, so beautiful as to be fit to carry before kings and conquerors, -as signs of victory and of fame likely to last.” - -“In what particular country was that, papa?” - -“Wherever palms grew at first, but by degrees neighbouring countries -adopted the palm as a sign of victory, and we read of them in every -profane history as well as in the Bible, where you know the palm is often -named.” - -“Was there any reason besides the beauty of the leaf for this, papa?” - -“You shall judge. The palm leaf, even when cut from the tree, is not -subject to decay. In the countries where it grows it is used to thatch -houses, nay, even for the walls when woven into mats. Palm mats make -soft bedding for men, and safe cradles for infants; and I have seen -labourers in rice grounds well sheltered from sun and heavy rain by a -hood and cloak made of one leaf of a palm-tree. The fibres of many kinds -of palm are woven into coarse cloth, and most of them furnish materials -for strong and durable ropes. - -“The juice that flows from the top of several palms, when a small cut has -been made either in the bark or at the foot-stalk of a leaf, is as -refreshing as Jane’s whey, when fresh; and after standing a few days a -strong spirit is often distilled from it. The juice from the date palm, -indeed, when boiled, produces a very sweet, dark-coloured sugar, called -jagree. - -“The palm-tree wood is useful in building; it resists the attacks of all -insects, even those of the white ant, and is perhaps the most durable -wood in the world.” - -“How can we know that, papa?” - -“A piece of timber was lately brought to England from the ruins of -Babylon. It was found in the ceiling of a chamber where it must have -been at the very least for two thousand years. Your dear friend Mr. -Brown examined it, and found it was palm-tree wood.” - -“How wonderful! but, papa, has the palm-tree any fruit fit to eat?” - -“What think you of cocoa-nuts and dates? You like them both, I think; -and in many countries these fruits furnish great part of the food of the -natives during many months of the year. And from the refuse cocoas and -the seeds and nuts of other palms a sweet oil, good for food as well as -for lamps, is pressed.” - -“Dear papa, you might well say the palm is distinguished among trees. -Were there many palms in Palestine?” - -“Yes, my dear; and in Egypt, where the Jews dwelt so long, many more; -nay, even while they wandered in the desert, they often came to clumps of -date trees, whose charming shade, sweet fruit, and refreshing juice, were -to them truly a ‘table in the wilderness.’ You cannot wonder, then, that -on all occasions of rejoicing, and especially on the solemn feasts, when -the heads of families went up to Jerusalem to worship, the people -gathered the branches and carried them with their other offerings to the -temple, where they probably formed shades and screens from the intense -heat of the sun, while they waited in the court of the people.” - -“Has that custom of the Jews anything to do with our carrying palms on -Palm Sunday?” - -“It is the origin of it. You have read in the New Testament, when our -blessed Saviour was preparing, with his disciples, to eat his last -paschal supper in Jerusalem, the people met him as he was riding towards -the gates of the city, and received him with shouts and rejoicing, crying -to him, HOSANNAH! which means, SAVE, WE BESEECH THEE, and strewing palm -branches in his way, and some even spreading their own clothes before -him. - -“As this is supposed to have happened a few days before the feast of the -passover, which was, and indeed still is, observed by the Jews at the -same time with our Easter, though not always on the very day, the first -Christians used to carry palm branches into their churches on the Sunday -before Easter, in memory of Christ’s entry into Jerusalem.” - -“Well; but, papa, how came we to use willows instead of palms?” - -“It was natural that, as the first Christians were all Jews by birth, -they should observe many of the customs and ceremonies of the Temple of -Jerusalem in their own churches; and when the Christians became numerous, -and gained riches and power in all countries, that their priests and -bishops should wish to make the worship of the Christians at least as -grand as the worship in the ancient temple of the Jews. Accordingly, -they imitated as far as they could the dresses and music, and some of the -offerings; and among these that of the palm leaves. - -“Now, the Christians in most of the countries of Europe looked upon the -bishop or pope of Rome with the same reverence that the Jews paid to -their high-priest, and considered the chief church of Rome as holy as the -old Temple of Jerusalem. Of course, it was impossible for many of them -to go to Rome every year to worship there; but every one who could -possibly afford it went thither once in his life, and carried offerings -in money, or jewels, or curious things, such as he could afford. -Noblemen and kings gave great estates to the church; and for some -hundreds of years, the popes pretended to have authority over all kings -and princes. During that period, the visitors to Rome were not to be -counted. The ceremonies observed during the whole week before Easter -attracted crowds from all countries. The churches were decorated with -costly hangings of tapestry, or gold and silver cloth, or silk and -velvet. And on Palm Sunday, in the church where the pope himself sung -the service, the altar was covered and ornamented with palm branches. - -“At a particular part of the forenoon prayer, the pope pronounced a -blessing over the palms, which were the signs of the victory of -Christianity over the heathen; and then the palms were distributed to the -cardinals, the bishops, the princes, and, in short, to as many persons as -they would serve.” - -“What was that for?” interrupted Mary. - -“Such of the persons receiving them, as had come on a pilgrimage from a -distant country to Rome, carried these palms home, as a sign that they -had accomplished their undertaking, and called themselves palmers in -consequence. They, and all who had palms from the church, preserved them -carefully, as they believed that the blessing pronounced over them by the -pope would extend to the house in which they were kept.” - -“Now, papa, tell us why we call willows palms, and gather them for Palm -Sunday.” - -“A little patience, my dear, and I will. I need not say that palm-trees -do not grow in all the countries where there are Christians. Even in -Italy the climate does not suit them. There is, however, one small sandy -valley, open to the sea and the southern sun, on the coast of Genoa, -where the date-palm is cultivated on purpose to supply Rome with branches -for Palm Sunday; and I have heard it said that it is the exclusive -privilege of _one_ family living in a village on the coast to furnish -these branches, because it is descended from a sailor to whom the right -was granted in reward for having, by quickness and presence of mind, -saved the lives of hundreds, and ensured success to the raising the -immense obelisk of Egyptian granite in the Piazza di San Pietro, where it -has stood ever since the days of Pope Sixtus the Fifth, who was pope from -1585 to 1590. At his command it was raised out of the earth in which it -lay buried by the enterprising skill of the architect Domenic Fontana. -Crowds assembled to behold the wonderful work. Silence was enjoined to -all upon pain of death, that nothing might for one moment draw the -attention of the workmen from what they were about, or prevent their -hearing the signals agreed upon. A Genoese sailor, however, accustomed -by his seafaring life to the management of ropes, perceived that the -cords to which the obelisk was fastened were slackening, and, in defiance -of the order, loudly cried out, ‘_Acqua_! _acqua_!’ (Water! water!) -Fontana instantly understood his meaning and the danger, and ordered -pails-full to be brought and splashed over them, by which means the -ropes, which had been dried too much by the sun, were quickly tightened -again, and the heavy obelisk saved from falling upon the workmen.” - -“Oh, papa, how could that be?” said Mary. - -“When you go home, your brothers will shew you the difference wetting -will make in the length of a rope, and then you will understand my story -better. I am sure Molly and Jane know it already by their washing-lines. -But to finish my story. - -“The brave sailor was tried and sentenced to be put to death for -disobedience to the Pope’s orders; nor was it (the story goes) without -difficulty that Fontana obtained his pardon, and, as it seems, a slender -reward for so great a service. - -“It is probable, too, that this family may be employed to manufacture -artificial branches, when (as is frequently the case) the trees -themselves do not supply a number equal to the demand. {9} This they -contrive by tying reeds and sedges to willow wands, in imitation of the -palm leaf, and placing a portion of the _real_ palm at the tip of the -mock one.” - -“Oh, thank you, papa—thank you. What a pretty story, what a brave, good -man the sailor was; how I love him! I hope it is quite true, papa. - -“Indeed, my dear, so do I, and I am inclined to believe that it is.” - -“But what a pity there is no more of it, papa. We have not been sitting -in this snug corner nearly half an hour. Have we, Molly? Have we, Jane? -You are not tired, dear Molly?” - -“Oh no, my dear Miss Mary. Perhaps,” continued the old woman, “your papa -can tell us why the willow, rather than any other tree, was chosen to -represent the palm; if he really will spare us a little more of his -time?” - -“Willingly,” said Mr. Lumley. “From the prayer of consecration used in -early times on presenting the palms at Rome, we learn that fruit and -flowers were also presented. This clearly shews that the whole ceremony -was copied from some of those of the Temple of Jerusalem. There, at the -Feast of the Tabernacles, along with the palm branches, boughs of the -willow and myrtle, and the fruit of the citron, each perfect in its kind, -were presented by every man to the priest at the altar.” - -“Why was that, papa?” - -“The palm, as I told you before, was a sign of victory; and the Jews -loved to worship God as the leader of their hosts, as the Lord of -Battles. The willow grows by the fresh water brooks, and is a sign of -fertility; it was properly laid on the altar of Him ‘who openeth his hand -and filleth all things living with plenteousness.’ The myrtle is a shade -and shelter from the heat, and its bark and leaves preserve all materials -tanned with them from decay; it is in reference, I think, to this -quality, that Queen Esther is often called Hadassah, or the Myrtle, -because she sheltered the Israelites and preserved them from the malice -of Haman. As to the ripe citron, its fragrance, its beauty, and perhaps -its quality of keeping long unspoiled when gathered from the tree, fitted -it for an offering representing the beauty and fruitfulness of the land -of promise. - -“Now you see, Mary, that of the trees or fruits offered in the Temple of -Jerusalem, or the church of Rome, the willow is the only one which is -found in the northern countries of Europe, and therefore the only one -likely to be used by us on Palm Sunday.” - -“I am sure,” said old Molly, when Mr. Lumley had done speaking, “we shall -not easily forget why we gather willows and carry them instead of palms, -eight days or so before Easter. Can your reverence tell us if the poor -Jews preserve any of these customs now?” - -“A great many; although the glory is departed from their temple, many -with true hearts continue to perform their ceremonies, and to the best of -their power, to make their offerings in their synagogues. At present, I -have not time to tell you more than that they spare no expense to procure -fair citrons and flowering myrtles: the willow, you know, they find -everywhere; but they generally supply the place of palm by the branch of -an almond tree.” - -Mary’s half hour was now spent. The minute-hand of Molly’s great clock -pointed to half-past three. Mamma expected her and papa home by four; -so, tying on her bonnet, she bade Molly and Jane good-bye, and followed -by Sam, with a bundle of palms for her brothers, she set out gaily on her -walk home, gathering fresh flowers for her own flower-pot, and arranging -the new things she had learned that day in her little head, by the help -of a question to papa every now and then about citrons, myrtles, willows, -and palms. - - - - -BOTANICAL NAMES OF LITTLE MARY’S FLOWERS. - -March Violet _Viola Odorata_ -Primrose _Primula Vulgaris_ -Cowslip _Primula Veris_ -Pilewort _Ranunculus Ficuria_ -Lady’s-smocks _Cardamine Pratensis_ -Wood Sorrel _Oxalis Acetosella_ -Pasque Flower _Anemone Pulsatilla_ -White Wood Anemone _Anemone Nemerosa_ -Adder’s Tongue _Ophioglossum Vulgaris_ -Sallow _Salix Aquatica_. - -MEDICINAL USES -ACKNOWLEDGED BY LINDLEY IN HIS “FLORA MEDICA, 1838.” - - -VIOLET.—Flowers anodyne, and roots emetic. Used in the Grand Seignor’s -Sherbet. - -COWSLIP.—Pleasant sedative, particularly in wine. - -PILEWORT.—Very acrid. Used sometimes for blisters, or for -drawing-plaisters, but with great caution. - -LADY’S-SMOCKS.—Lindley does not seem to know its use in agues, but says -it is a popular remedy for falling-sickness in children. - -WOOD SORREL.—A cooling drink in fevers. - -WOOD ANEMONE.—The pulsatilla very acrid, and those who rub down the -powder vomit and are affected with colic if they do not use a veil. Used -in very small doses for complaints on the lungs. The Anemone Nemerosa is -much milder. Both have been used by country people, in various ways, -often with good effect; but sometimes producing much mischief. - -SALLOW.—The bark of many willows is an effectual substitute for cinchona -or Jesuit’s bark. A substance called Salicine is produced from it, used -with effect instead of Sulphate of Quinia.—_Lindley_. - -Willow bark contains a good deal of tannin.—_Hatchet_. - -Next to oak-bavin, willow sprays peeled make the best charcoal for -gunpowder. - - * * * * * - - THE END. - - * * * * * - - Printed by W. Birch, High Street, Kensington. - - - - -FOOTNOTES. - - -{5} Though old Molly did not know it, just about the time she was -speaking, some gentlemen began to examine the sallow bark with more -attention than it had met with before. And they procured a medicine from -it called salicine, which seems to have the same properties as the -quinine, which is made from Jesuit’s bark. - -{9} Little Mary’s friend Mr. Brown told her afterwards, that the only -place in Europe where the climate and soil is sufficiently favourable to -the palm for dates to ripen is Valencia; and that the palm-trees there -had been originally planted for the purposes of the church. - - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PALM SUNDAY*** - - -******* This file should be named 64715-0.txt or 64715-0.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/4/7/1/64715 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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