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Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8873e02 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #63884 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/63884) diff --git a/old/63884-0.txt b/old/63884-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 633462e..0000000 --- a/old/63884-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,22049 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Twentieth Century Standard Puzzle Book, by -Cyril Pearson - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this ebook. - -Title: Twentieth Century Standard Puzzle Book - Three Parts in One Volume - -Author: Cyril Pearson - -Release Date: November 26, 2020 [EBook #63884] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: MFR, Branden Aldridge, Harry Lamé and the Online Distributed - Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TWENTIETH CENTURY STANDARD PUZZLE -BOOK *** - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - Text printed in italics has been transcribed _between underscores_, - bold face text =between equal signs=. Blackletter and spaced out text - are represented by ~tildes~ and ^carets^ respectively. Small capitals - have been replaced with ALL CAPITALS. - - Please see the end of the text for more notes regarding this - transcription, corrections made and other remarks. - - - - - GOOD VALUE - GAMAGES - - - Latest Conjuring - By WILL GOLDSTON - _The Latest and Best Book Published_ - -[Illustration] - -=_A Few Principal Items--_= - - CHAPTER I.--Latest tricks with and without apparatus, many published - for the first time. Illustrated. - - CHAPTER II.--Every new and startling illusion accurately explained - with illustrations. - - CHAPTER III.--Latest methods for performing the “Mystic Kettle” that - boils on ice, including the “Magic Kettle,” the most remarkable - utensil to hold liquor. This little kettle can produce almost any - drink from milk to whisky. Illustrated. - - CHAPTER IV.--Correct methods to escape from Handcuffs, Leg-irons, - Rope, Iron Collars, Padlocks, Sacks, Iron Trunks, Wooden Boxes, - Barrels, Iron Cages. Illustrated. - - CHAPTER V.--Hand Shadows and how to work them. Illustrated. - - Without a doubt the greatest and cheapest book ever published on - Magic. - - ORDER IMMEDIATELY TO AVOID DISAPPOINTMENT - - _Handsomely Bound in Cloth_, =2/-= Post Free, =2/3= - - - The Secrets of Magic - BY WILL GOLDSTON - -[Illustration] - - Over 100 pages and as many illustrations. This up-to-date work, - describing only the latest secrets and effects in conjuring, also - contains biographies of leading magicians. - - This book is in its 4th Edition, and is without doubt a very useful - book, as it contains many valuable tricks and illusions never before - divulged. - - Cloth Bound. Price =2/6=. Postage 3d. - - - A. W. GAMAGE, Ltd - HOLBORN - LONDON, E.C. - - - - - THE TWENTIETH CENTURY - =STANDARD PUZZLE - BOOK= - THREE PARTS IN ONE VOLUME - - EDITED BY - A. CYRIL PEARSON, M.A. - AUTHOR OF - ‘_100 Chess Problems_,’ ‘_Anagrams, Ancient and Modern_,’ _etc._ - - _PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED_ - - SECOND IMPRESSION - - LONDON - GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD. - NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO. - - - - -=Also in Three Parts= - - I.--MAGIC SQUARES, PICTURE PUZZLES, ENIGMAS, CHARADES, RIDDLES, - CONUNDRUMS, NUTS TO CRACK, SOLUTIONS. - - II.--OPTICAL ILLUSIONS, FREAKS OF FIGURES, CHESS CAMEOS, SCIENCE AT - PLAY, CURIOUS CALCULATIONS, WORD AND LETTER PUZZLES, SOLUTIONS. - - III.--WORD PUZZLES, MISSING WORDS, LETTER PUZZLES, ANAGRAMS, PICTURE - PUZZLES, PALINDROMES, SOLUTIONS. - -=Also by the same Author= - - PICTURED PUZZLES AND WORD PLAY. Profusely Illustrated. Crown 8vo. - Cloth. - - - - -=PART I.= - - -CONTENTS - - PAGE - - MAGIC SQUARES, PUZZLES, TRICKS, ENIGMAS I-1 - - CHARADES, ETC. I-80 - - RIDDLES AND CONUNDRUMS I-104 - - NUTS TO CRACK I-115 - - SOLUTIONS I-148 - - -MAGIC SQUARES - - -No. I.--FOUR HUNDRED YEARS OLD! - -In Albert Dürer’s day, as in Milton’s, “melancholy” meant -_thoughtfulness_, and on this ground we find on his woodcut, -“Melancholia, or the Genius of the Industrial Science of Mechanics,” a -very early instance of a Magic Square, showing that Puzzles had a -recognised place in mental gymnastics four hundred years ago. - -[Illustration] - - -No. II.--A SIMPLE MAGIC SQUARE - -Much time was devoted in olden days to the construction and elaboration -of Magic Squares. Before we go more deeply into this fascinating -subject, let us study the following pretty and ingenious method of -making a Magic Square of sixteen numbers, which is comparatively simple, -and easily committed to memory:-- - - +--+--+--+--+ - | 1|15|14| 4| - +--+--+--+--+ - |12| 6| 7| 9| - +--+--+--+--+ - | 8|10|11| 5| - +--+--+--+--+ - |13| 3|2 |16| - +--+--+--+--+ - -Start with the small square at the top left-hand corner, placing there -the 1; then count continuously from left to right, square by square, but -only insert those numbers which fall upon the diagonals--namely, 4, 6, -7, 10, 11, 13, and 16. - -Then start afresh at the bottom right-hand corner, calling it 1, and -fill up the remaining squares in order, from right to left, counting -continuously, and so placing in their turn 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 12, 14, and -15. Each row, column, diagonal, and almost every cluster of four has 34 -as the sum of its numbers. - - -No. III.--ANOTHER MAGIC SQUARE - - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 1|20|16|23| 5| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |15| 7|12| 9|22| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |24|18|13| 8| 2| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 4|17|14|19|11| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |21| 3|10| 6|25| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - -In this Magic Square the rows, columns, and diagonals add up to 65, and -the sum of any two opposite and corresponding squares is 26. - - -ENIGMAS - - -1 - -A MYSTIC ENIGMA - - He stood himself beside himself - And looked into the sea; - Within himself he saw himself, - And at himself gazed he. - Now when himself he saw himself - Within himself go round, - Into himself he threw himself, - And in himself was drowned. - Now if he had not been himself, - But other beast beside, - He would himself have cut himself - Nor in himself have died. - - -No. IV.--A NEST OF CENTURIES - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |22|47|16|41|10|35| 4| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 5|23|48|17|42|11|29| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |30| 6|24|49|18|36|12| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |13|31| 7|25|43|19|37| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |38|14|32| 1|26|44|20| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |21|39| 8|33| 2|27|45| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |46|15|40| 9|34| 3|28| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - -The numbers in this Magic Square of 49 cells add up in all rows, -columns, and diagonals to 175. The four corner cells of every square or -rectangle that has cell 25 in its centre, and cells 1, 7, 49, 43, add up -to 100. - - -2 - - One morning Chloe, to avoid the heat, - Sat in a corner of a shady seat. - Young Strephon, on the self-same errand bound, - This fairest flower of all the garden found. - Her peerless beauty set his heart aflame, - Three monosyllables expressed his aim. - - At a respectful distance he conversed - About the weather; then became immersed - In other topics, lessening the while - The space between them, heartened by her smile. - The same three simple words, now joined in one, - Expressed their happy state at set of sun. - - -No. V.--THE MAKING OF A MAGIC SQUARE - -An ideal Magic Square can be constructed thus: - -Place 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in any order in the five top cells, set an asterisk -over the third column, as shown in the diagram; begin the next row with -this figure, and let the rest follow in the original sequence; continue -this method with the other three rows. - -PREPARATORY SQUARE NO. 1. - - * - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 1| 3| 5| 2| 4| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 5| 2| 4| 1| 3| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 4| 1| 3| 5| 2| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 3| 5| 2| 4| 1| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 2| 4| 1| 3| 5| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - -PREPARATORY SQUARE NO. 2. - - * - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 5|15| 0|10|20| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |10|20| 5|15| 0| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |15| 0|10|20| 5| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |20| 5|15| 0|10| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 0|10|20| 5|15| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - -Make a similar square of 25 cells with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, as is shown in -No. 2, placing the asterisk in this case over the fourth column of -cells, and proceeding as before, in an unchanging sequence. Using these -two preparatory squares, try to form a Magic Square in which the same -number can be counted up in forty-two different ways. - - -No. VI.--ANOTHER WAY TO MAKE A MAGIC SQUARE - -Here is one of many methods by which a Magic Square of the first -twenty-five numbers can readily be made. - - +--+ - | 1| - +--+--+--+ - | 2| | 6| - +==+==+==+==+==+ - ∥ 3|20| 7|24|11∥ - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 4∥16| 8|25|12| 4∥16| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 5| ∥ 9|21|13| 5|17∥ |21| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |10∥22|14| 1|18|10∥22| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - ∥15| 2|19| 6|23∥ - +==+==+==+==+==+ - |20| |24| - +--+--+--+ - |25| - +--+ - -This is done by first placing the figures from 1 to 25 in diagonal rows, -as is shown above, and then introducing the numbers that are _outside_ -the square _into_ it, by moving each of them five places right, left, -up, or down. A Magic Square is thus formed, the numbers of which add up -to 65 in lines, columns and diagonals, and with the centre and any four -corresponding numbers on the borders. - - -No. VII.--A MONSTER MAGIC SQUARE - -Here is what may indeed be called a Champion Magic Square:-- - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 23|464|459|457|109|111|108|110|132|133|130| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 25| 41|436|435|433|432|196|195|241|242|200| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 27| 45| 13|474|469|467| 82| 81| 72| 90| 91| - +---+---+---+===+===+===+===+===+===+===+===+ - |461| 55| 15∥ 34|450|449|447|446|156|157|180| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |456| 56| 17∥ 42| 3|484|479|477| 66| 65| 68| - +---+---+---+---+---+===+===+===+===+===+===+ - |137|428|471∥ 41| 5∥127|126|125|361|362|363| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+===+===+===+===+===+ - |153|431|466∥ 31| 7∥347∥148|338|339|145|143| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |154|439| 98∥453|481∥325∥161|169|168|318|319| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |384|266|407∥445|476∥292∥293|191|190|299|298| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |383|268|406∥442|424∥270∥280|272|273|211|210| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |379|265|392∥172| 60∥248∥227|250|251|230|232| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |378|267|391∥173| 59∥226∥249|228|229|252|254| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |351|282|405∥176| 74∥204∥214|206|207|277|276| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |350|263|390∥177| 73∥182∥192|301|300|189|187| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |334|199| 77∥330|423∥171∥315|323|322|164|165| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |333|216| 96∥311|413∥149∥346|147|146|340|341| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+===+===+===+===+===+ - |100|221| 76∥310|414∥369|359|360|124|123|122| - +---+---+---+---+---+===+===+===+===+===+===+ - | 99|223| 75∥291|483| 1| 6| 8|419|420|417| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |104|202| 97∥452| 35| 36| 38| 39|329|328|305| - +---+---+---+===+===+===+===+===+===+===+===+ - |105|238|473| 11| 16| 18|403|404|393|395|394| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |136|438| 49| 50| 52| 53|289|290|244|243|285| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |463| 21| 26| 28|376|374|377|375|353|352|355| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |131|373|371|357|356|372|382|370|335| 30| 22| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |225|284|287|246|245|288|261| 51| 58| 47|460| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 83|401|400|396|398|399|397| 20| 12|440|458| - +===+===+===+===+===+===+===+===+---+---+---+ - |181|326|327|306|307| 44| 37| 33∥470|430| 24| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 67|422|421|416|415| 10| 2|443∥468|429| 29| - +===+===+===+===+===+===+---+---+---+---+---+ - |364|365|366|118|117|116∥480|444∥ 14| 57|348| - +===+===+===+===+===+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |342|142|344|345|139∥138∥478|454∥ 19| 54|332| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |320|321|163|162|324∥160∥ 4|32 ∥387| 46|331| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |297|186|185|184|302∥193∥ 9| 40∥ 78|219|101| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |209|208|278|279|205∥215∥ 61| 43∥ 79|217|102| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |231|233|256|257|258∥237∥425|313∥ 93|220|106| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |253|255|234|235|236∥259∥426|312∥ 94|218|107| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |275|274|212|213|271∥281∥411|309∥ 80|203|134| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |188|296|295|294|183∥303∥412|308∥ 95|222|135| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |166|167|317|316|170∥314∥ 62|155∥408|286|151| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |144|343|141|140|337∥336∥ 72|174∥389|269|152| - +===+===+===+===+===+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |121|120|119|367|368|358∥ 71|175∥409|264|385| - +===+===+===+===+===+===+---+---+---+---+---+ - |418| 63| 64| 69| 70|475|482|194∥410|262|386| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |304|159|158|179|178|441|448|451∥388|283|381| - +===+===+===+===+===+===+===+===+---+---+---+ - |402| 84| 85| 89| 87| 86| 88|465|472|247|380| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |260|201|198|239|240|197|224|434|427|437|349| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |354|112|114|128|129|113|103|115|150|455|462| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -Its 484 cells form, as they are numbered, a Magic Square, in which all -rows, columns, and diagonals add up to 5335, and it is no easy matter to -determine in how many other symmetrical ways its key-number can be -found. - -When the cells outside each of the dark border lines are removed, three -other perfect Magic Squares remain. - -Collectors should take particular note of this masterpiece. - - -No. VIII.--A NOVEL MAGIC SQUARE - -A Magic Square of nine cells can be built up by taking any number -divisible by 3, and placing, as a start, its third in the central cell. -Thus:-- - - +--+--+--+ - |28|29|24| - +--+--+--+ - |23|27|31| - +--+--+--+ - |30|25|26| - +--+--+--+ - -Say that 81 is chosen for the key number. Place 27 in the centre; 28, -29, in cells 1, 2; 30 in cell 7; 31 in 6; and then fill up cells 3, 4, -8, and 9 with the numbers necessary to make up 81 in each row, column, -and diagonal. - -Any number above 14 that is divisible by 3 can be dealt with in this -way. - - -3 - - Enriched I am with much that’s fat, - Yet money I possess not; - Enlightening all who come to me, - True wisdom I express not. - I may be wicked, but protest - That sinful none have found me; - Though I destroy myself to be - Of use to those around me. - - -No. IX.--TWIN MAGIC SQUARES - -Among the infinite number of Magic Squares which can be constructed, it -would be difficult to find a more remarkable setting of the numbers 1 to -32 inclusive than this, in which two squares, each of 16 cells, are -perfect twins in characteristics and curious combinations. - - +--+--+--+--++--+--+--+--+ - | 1| 8|29|28||11|14|23|18| - +--+--+--+--++--+--+--+--+ - |30|27| 2| 7||21|20| 9|16| - +--+--+--+--++--+--+--+--+ - | 4| 5|32|25||10|15|22|19| - +--+--+--+--++--+--+--+--+ - |31|26| 3| 6||24|17|12|13| - +--+--+--+--++--+--+--+--+ - -There are at least forty-eight different ways in which 66 is the sum of -four of these numbers. Besides the usual rows, columns, and diagonals, -any square group of four, both corner sets, all opposite pairs on the -outer cells, and each set of corresponding cells next to the corners, -add up exactly to 66. - - -4 - - Of Spanish extraction, my hue - Is as dark as a negro can be; - I am solid, and yet it is true - That in part I am wet as the sea, - My second and first are the same - In all but condition and name; - My second can burst - The abode of my first, - And my whole from the underground came. - - -No. X.--A BORDERED MAGIC SQUARE - -Here is a notable specimen of a Magic Square:-- - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 4| 5| 6|43|39|38|40| - +--+==+==+==+==+==+--+ - |49∥15|16|33|30|31∥ 1| - +--+--+==+==+==+--+--+ - |48∥37∥22|27|26∥13∥ 2| - +--+--+--+==+--+--+--+ - |47∥36∥29∥25∥21∥14∥ 3| - +--+--+--+==+--+--+--+ - | 8∥18∥24|23|28∥32∥42| - +--+--+==+==+==+--+--+ - | 9∥19|34|17|20|35∥41| - +--+==+==+==+==+==+--+ - |10|45|44| 7|11|12|46| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - -The rows, columns, and diagonals all add up to exactly 175 in the full -square. Strip off the outside cells all around, and a second Magic -Square remains, which adds up in all such ways to 125. - -Strip off another border, as is again indicated by the darker lines, and -a third Magic Square is left, which adds up to 75. - - -5 - -AN OLD ENIGMA - -BY HANNAH MORE - - I’m a strange contradiction: I’m new and I’m old, - I’m sometimes in tatters and sometimes in gold, - Though I never could read, yet letter’d I’m found, - Though blind I enlighten, though free I am bound. - - I’m English, I’m German, I’m French, and I’m Dutch; - Some love me too dearly, some slight me too much. - I often die young, though I sometimes live ages, - And no Queen is attended by so many pages. - - -No. XI.--A LARGER BORDERED MAGIC SQUARE - -Here is another example of what is called a “bordered” Magic Square:-- - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 5|80|59|73|61| 3|63|12|13| - +--+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+--+ - | 1∥20|55|30|57|28|71|26∥81| - +--+--+==+==+==+==+==+--+--+ - | 4∥14∥31|50|29|60|35∥68∥78| - +--+--+--+==+==+==+--+--+--+ - |76∥58∥46∥38|45|40∥36∥24∥ 6| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 7∥65∥33∥43|41|39∥49∥17∥75| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |74∥64∥48∥42|37|44∥31∥18∥ 8| - +--+--+--+==+==+==+--+--+--+ - |67∥10∥47|32|53|22|51∥72∥15| - +--+--+==+==+==+==+==+--+--+ - |66∥56|27|52|25|54|11|62∥16| - +--+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+--+ - |69| 2|23| 9|21|79|19|70|77| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - -These 81 cells form a complete magic square, in which rows, columns, and -diagonals add up to 369. As each border is removed fresh Magic Squares -are formed, of which the distinctive numbers are 287, 205, and 123. The -central 41 is in every case the greatest common divisor. - - -No. XII.--A CENTURY OF CELLS - -Can you complete this Magic Square, so that the rows, columns, and -diagonals add up in every case to 505? - - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_91_| _2_| _3_|_97_| _6_|_95_|_94_| _8_| _9_|_100_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_20_| | | |_16_|_15_| | | | _81_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_21_| | | |_25_|_26_| | | | _30_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_60_| | | |_66_|_65_| | | | _41_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_50_|_49_|_48_|_57_|_55_|_56_|_54_|_43_|_42_| _51_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_61_|_59_|_58_|_47_|_45_|_46_|_44_|_53_|_52_| _40_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_31_| | | |_35_|_36_| | | | _70_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_80_| | | |_75_|_76_| | | | _71_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - |_90_| | | |_86_|_85_| | | | _11_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - | _1_|_99_|_98_| _4_|_96_| _5_| _7_|_93_|_92_| _10_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+ - -We have given you a substantial start, and, as a further hint, as all -the numbers in the first and last columns end in 0 or 1, so in the two -next columns all end in 2 or 9, in the two next in 3 or 8, in the two -next in 4 or 7, and in the two central columns in 5 or 6. - - -6 - -HALLAM’S UNSOLVED ENIGMA - - I sit on a rock while I’m raising the wind, - But the storm once abated I’m gentle and kind. - I’ve Kings at my feet, who await but my nod - To kneel in the dust on the ground I have trod. - Though seen to the world, I am known to but few, - The Gentile detests me, I’m pork to the Jew. - I never have passed but one night in the dark, - And that was with Noah alone in the ark. - My weight is three pounds, my length is a mile. - And when I’m discovered you’ll say, with a smile, - That my first and my last are the pride of this isle. - - -No. XIII.--A SINGULAR MAGIC SQUARE - -In this Magic Square, not only do the rows, columns, and diagonals add -up to 260, but this same number is produced in three other and quite -unusual ways:-- - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |18|63| 4|61| 6|59| 8|41| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |49|32|51|14|53|12|39|10| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 2|47|36|45|22|27|24|57| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |33|16|35|46|21|28|55|26| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |31|50|29|20|43|38| 9|40| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |64|17|30|19|44|37|42| 7| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |15|34|13|52|11|54|25|56| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |48| 1|62| 3|60| 5|58|23| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - -(1) Each group of 8 numbers, ranged in a circle round the centre; there -are six of these, of which the smallest is 22, 28, 38, 44, 19, 29, 35, -45, and the largest is 8, 10, 56, 58, 1, 15, 49, 63. (2) The sum of the -4 central numbers and 4 corners. (3) The diagonal cross of 4 numbers in -the middle of the board. - - -No. XIV.--SQUARING THE YEAR - -On another page we give an interesting Magic Square of 121 cells based -upon the figures of the year 1892. Here, in much more condensed form, is -one more up to date. - - +---+---+---+ - |637|630|635| - +---+---+---+ - |632|634|636| - +---+---+---+ - |633|638|631| - +---+---+---+ - -The rows, columns, and diagonals of these nine cells add up in all cases -to the figures of the year 1902. - -The central 634 is found by dividing 1902 by its lowest factor greater -than 2, and this is taken as the middle term of nine numbers, which are -thus arranged to form a Magic Square. - - -7 - -RANK TREASON - -BY AN IRISH REBEL, 1798 - - The pomps of Courts and pride of Kings - I prize above all earthly things; - I love my country, but the King - Above all men his praise I sing. - The royal banners are displayed, - And may success the standard aid! - - I fain would banish far from hence - The “Rights of Men” and “Common Sense;” - Confusion to his odious reign, - That Foe to princes, Thomas Payne. - Defeat and ruin seize the cause - Of France, its liberties and laws! - -Where does the treason come in? - - -No. XV.--SQUARING ANOTHER YEAR - -The following square of numbers is interesting in connection with the -year 1906. - - +------+------+------+------+ - |_A_ |_B_ |_C_ |_D_ | - | _476_| _469_| _477_| _484_| - +------+------+------+------+ - |_E_ |_F_ |_G_ |_H_ | - | _483_| _478_| _470_| _475_| - +------+------+------+------+ - |_I_ |_J_ |_K_ |_L_ | - | _471_| _474_| _482_| _479_| - +------+------+------+------+ - |_M_ |_N_ |_O_ |_P_ | - | _480_| _481_| _473_| _472_| - +------+------+------+------+ - - Add the rows --ABCD, EFGH, IJKL, MNOP. - or the squares --ABEF, CDGH, IJMN, KLOP. - or semi-diagonals--AFIN, BEJM, CHKP, DGLO, - AFCH, BEGD, INKP, MJOL. - -and the sum, in every case, is 1906. - - -No. XVI.--MANIFOLD MAGIC SQUARES - -Here is quite a curious nest of clustered Magic Squares, which is worth -preserving:-- - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 2|13|24|10|16| 2|13|24|10|16| 2| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 9|20| 1|12|23| 9|20| 1|12|23| 9| - +--+--+--+--+--+==+==+==+==+==+--+ - |11|22| 8|19| 5∥11|22| 8|19| 5∥11| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |18| 4|15|21| 7∥18| 4|15|21| 7∥18| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |25| 6|17| 3|14∥25| 6|17| 3|14∥25| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 2|13|24|10|16∥ 2|13|24|10|16∥ 2| - +--+--+==+==+==+==+==+--+--+--+--+ - | 9|20∥ 1|12|23∥ 9|20∥ 1|12|23∥ 9| - +--+--+--+--+--+==+==+==+==+==+--+ - |11|22∥ 8|19| 5|11|22∥ 8|19| 5|11| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |18| 4∥15|21| 7|18| 4∥15|21| 7|18| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |25| 6∥17| 3|14|25| 6∥17| 3|14|25| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 2|13∥24|10|16| 2|13∥24|10|16| 2| - +--+--+==+==+==+==+==+--+--+--+--+ - | 9|20| 1|12|23| 9|20| 1|12|23| 9| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |11|22| 8|19| 5|11|22| 8|19| 5|11| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - -Every square of every possible combination of 25 of these numbers in -their cells, such as the two with darker borders, is a perfect Magic -Square, with rows, columns, and diagonals that add up in all cases to -65. - - -8 - -AN ENIGMA FOR CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS - - Formed half beneath and half above the earth, - We owe, as twins, to art our second birth. - The smith’s and carpenter’s adopted daughters, - Made upon earth, we travel on the waters. - Swifter we move as tighter we are bound, - Yet never touch the sea, or air, or ground. - We serve the poor for use, the rich for whim, - Sink if it rains, and if it freezes swim. - - -No. XVII.--LARGER AUXILIARY MAGIC SQUARES - -A very interesting method of constructing a Magic Square is shown in -these three diagrams:-- - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 1| 2| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 1| 2| 3| 4| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 9| 10| 11| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 11| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 1| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 1| 2| 3| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 8| 9| 10| 11| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 10| 11| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 0| 11| 22| 33| 44| 55| 66| 77| 88| 99|110| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 33| 44| 55| 66| 77| 88| 99|110| 0| 11| 22| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 66| 77| 88| 99|110| 0| 11| 22| 33| 44| 55| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 99|110| 0| 11| 22| 33| 44| 55| 66| 77| 88| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 11| 22| 33| 44| 55| 66| 77| 88| 99|110| 0| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 44| 55| 66| 77| 88| 99|110| 0| 11| 22| 33| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 77| 88| 99|110| 0| 11| 22| 33| 44| 55| 66| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |110| 0| 11| 22| 33| 44| 55| 66| 77| 88| 99| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 22| 33| 44| 55| 66| 77| 88| 99|110| 0| 11| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 55| 66| 77| 88| 99|110| 0| 11| 22| 33| 44| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 88| 99|110| 0| 11| 22| 33| 44| 55| 66| 77| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 1| 13| 25| 37| 49| 61| 73| 85| 97|109|121| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 36| 48| 60| 72| 84| 96|108|120| 11| 12| 24| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 71| 83| 95|107|119| 10| 22| 23| 35| 47| 59| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |106|118| 9| 21| 33| 34| 46| 58| 70| 82| 94| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 20| 32| 44| 45| 57| 69| 81| 93|105|117| 8| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 55| 56| 68| 80| 92|104|116| 7| 19| 31| 43| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 79| 91|103|115| 6| 18| 30| 42| 54| 66| 67| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |114| 5| 17| 29| 41| 53| 65| 77| 78| 90|102| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 28| 40| 52| 64| 76| 88| 89|101|113| 4| 16| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 63| 75| 87| 99|100|112| 3| 15| 27| 39| 51| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 98|110|111| 2| 14| 26| 38| 50| 62| 74| 86| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -It will be noticed that each row after the first, in the two upper -auxiliary squares, begins with a number from the same column in the row -above it, and maintains the same sequence of numbers. When the -corresponding cells of these two squares are added together, and placed -in the third square, a Magic Square is formed, in which 671 is the sum -of all rows, columns, and diagonals. - - -No. XVIII.--SQUARING BY ANNO DOMINI - -Here is a curious form of Magic Square. The year 1892 is taken as its -basis. - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |112|124|136|148|160|172|184|196|208|220|232| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |147|159|171|183|195|207|219|231|122|123|135| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |182|194|206|218|230|121|133|134|146|158|170| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |217|229|120|132|144|145|157|169|181|193|205| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |131|143|155|156|168|180|192|204|216|228|119| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |166|167|179|191|203|215|227|118|130|142|154| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |190|202|214|226|117|129|141|153|165|177|178| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |225|116|128|140|152|164|176|188|189|201|213| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |139|151|163|175|187|199|200|212|224|115|127| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |174|186|198|210|211|223|114|126|138|150|162| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |209|221|222|113|125|137|149|161|173|185|197| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -Within this square 1892 can be counted up in all the usual ways, and -altogether in 44 variations. Thus any two rows that run parallel to a -diagonal, and have between them eleven cells, add up to this number, if -they are on opposite sides of the diagonal. - - -9 - - The sun, the sun is my delight! - I shun a gloomy day, - Though I am often seen at night - To dart across the way. - Sometimes you see me climb a wall - As nimble as a cat, - Then down into a pit I fall - Like any frightened rat. - Catch me who can--woman or man-- - None have succeeded who after me ran. - - -No. XIX.--A MAGIC SQUARE OF SEVEN - - +----+ - | _1_| - +----+----+----+ - | _8_| | _2_| - +----+----+----+----+----+ - |_15_| | _9_| | _3_| - +====+====+====+====+====+====+====+ - ∥_22_|_47_|_16_|_41_|_10_|_35_| _4_∥ - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - |_29_∥ _5_|_23_|_48_|_17_|_42_|_11_|_29_∥ _5_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - |_36_| ∥_30_| _6_|_24_|_49_|_18_|_36_|_12_∥ | _6_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - |_43_| |_37_∥_13_|_31_| _7_|_25_|_43_|_19_|_37_∥_13_| | _7_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----|----+----+ - |_44_| ∥_38_|_14_|_32_| _1_|_26_|_44_|_20_∥ |_14_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - |_45_∥_21_|_39_| _8_|_33_| _2_|_27_|_45_∥_21_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - ∥_46_|_15_|_40_| _9_|_34_| _3_|_28_∥ - +====+====+====+====+====+====+====+ - |_47_| |_41_| |_35_| - +----+----+----+----+----+ - |_48_| |_42_| - +----+----+----+ - |_49_| - +----+ - -This Magic Square of 49 cells is constructed with a diagonal arrangement -of the numbers from 1 to 49 in their proper order. Those that fall -outside the central square are written into it in the seventh cell -inwards from where they stand. It is interesting to find out the many -combinations in which the number 175 is made up. - - -10 - -WHAT MOVED HIM? - - I grasped it, meaning nothing wrong, - And moved to meet my friend, - When lo! the stalwart man and strong - At once began to bend. - The biped by the quadruped - No longer upright stood, - But bowed the knee and bent his head - Before the carved wood. - - -No. XX.--CURIOUS SQUARES - -These are two interesting Magic Squares found on an antique gong, at -Caius College, Cambridge:-- - - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - | 6|13| 8| | 7|14| 9| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |11| 9| 7| |12|20| 8| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |10| 5|12| |11| 6|13| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - -In the one nine numbers are so arranged that they count up to 27 in -every direction; and in the other the outer rows total 30, while the -central rows and diagonals make 40. - - -11 - -RINGING THE CHANGES - - My figure, singular and slight, - Measures but half enough at sight. - I rode the waters day and night. - I tell the new in Time’s quick flight, - Or how old ages rolled in might. - Cut off my tail, it still is on! - Put on my head, and there is none! - - -No. XXI.--A MOORISH MAGIC SQUARE - -Among Moorish Mussulmans 78 is a mystic number. - - +--+--+--+--+ - |40|10|20| 8| - +--+--+--+--+ - | 7|21| 9|41| - +--+--+--+--+ - |12|42| 6|18| - +--+--+--+--+ - |19| 5|43|11| - +--+--+--+--+ - -Here is a cleverly-constructed Magic Square, to which this number is the -key. - -The number 78 can be arrived at in twenty-three different -combinations--namely, ten rows, columns, or diagonals; four corner -squares of four cells; one central square of four cells; the four corner -cells; two sets of corresponding diagonal cells next to the corners; and -two sets of central cells on the top and bottom rows, and on the outside -columns. - - -No. XXII.--A CHOICE MAGIC SQUARE - -Here is a Magic Square of singular charm:-- - - +==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+ - |31|36|29∥76|81|74∥13|18|11| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |30|32|34∥75|77|79∥12|14|16| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |35|28|33∥80|73|78∥17|10|15| - +==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+ - |22|27|20∥40|45|38∥58|63|56| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |21|23|25∥39|41|43∥57|59|61| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |26|19|24∥44|37|42∥62|55|60| - +==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+ - |67|72|65∥ 4| 9| 2∥49|54|47| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |66|68|70∥ 3| 5| 7∥48|50|52| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |71|64|69∥ 8| 1| 6∥53|46|51| - +==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+ - -The 81 cells of this remarkable square are divided by parallel lines -into 9 equal parts, each made up of 9 consecutive numbers, and each a -Magic Square in itself within the parent square. Readers can work out -for themselves the combinations in the larger square and in the little -ones. - - -12 - -CANNING’S ENIGMA - - There is a noun of plural number, - Foe to peace and tranquil slumber. - Now almost any noun you take - By adding “s” you plural make. - But if you add an “s” to this - Strange is the metamorphosis. - Plural is plural now no more, - And sweet what bitter was before. - - -XXIII.--THE TWIN PUZZLE SQUARES - - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |1|2|3| | |2|3| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - | |5|6+====+4|5| | - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |7|8| | |7|8|9| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - -Fill each square by repeating two of its figures in the vacant cells. -Then rearrange them all, so that the sums of the corresponding rows in -each square are equal, and the sums of the squares of the corresponding -cells of these rows are also equal; and so that the sums of the four -diagonals are equal, and the sum of the squares of the cells in -corresponding diagonals are equal. - - -13 - -There is an old-world charm about this Enigma:-- - - In the ears of young and old - I repeat what I am told; - And they hear me, old and young, - Though I have no busy tongue. - When a thunder-clap awakes me - Not a touch of terror takes me; - Yet so tender is my ear - That the softest sound I fear. - Call me not with bated breath, - For a whisper is my death. - - -No: XXIV.--MAGIC FRACTIONS - -Here is an arrangement of fractions which form a perfect Magic Square:-- - - +-------+-------+-------+ - | _³⁄₈_ | _⁵⁄₁₂_| _⁵⁄₂₄_| - +-------+-------+-------+ - | _¹⁄₆_ | _¹⁄₃_ | _¹⁄₂_ | - +-------+-------+-------+ - |_¹¹⁄₂₄_| _¹⁄₄_ | _⁷⁄₂₄_| - +-------+-------+-------+ - -If these fractions are added together in any one of the eight -directions, the result in every case is unity. Thus ³⁄₈ + ¹⁄₃ + ⁷⁄₂₄ = -1, ¹⁄₆ + ¹⁄₃ + ¹⁄₂ = 1, and so on throughout the rows, columns, and -diagonals. - - -14 - -“DOUBLE, DOUBLE, TOIL AND TROUBLE!” - - “By hammer and hand - All arts do stand”-- - So says an ancient saw; - But hammer and hand - Will work or stand - By my unwritten law. - Behold me, as sparks from the anvils fly, - But fires lie down at my bitter cry. - - -No. XXV.--MORE MAGIC FRACTIONS - -We are indebted to a friend for the following elaborate Magic Square of -fractions, on the lines of that on the preceding page. - - +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ - |_¹⁹⁄₈₀_| _⁷⁄₂₀_| _¹⁄₄₀_|_¹¹⁄₈₀_| _¹⁄₄_ | - +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ - |_¹³⁄₄₀_| _¹⁄₈_ | _⁹⁄₈₀_| _⁹⁄₄₀_|_¹⁷⁄₈₀_| - +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ - | _¹⁄₁₀_| _⁷⁄₈₀_| _¹⁄₅_ | _⁵⁄₁₆_| _³⁄₁₀_| - +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ - | _³⁄₁₆_| _⁷⁄₄₀_|_²³⁄₈₀_|_¹¹⁄₄₀_| _³⁄₄₀_| - +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ - | _³⁄₂₀_|_²¹⁄₈₀_| _³⁄₈_ | _¹⁄₂₀_|_¹³⁄₈₀_| - +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ - -The composer claims that there are at least 160 combinations of 5 cells -in which these fractions add up to unity, including, of course, the -usual rows, columns, and diagonals. - - -15 - - Two brothers wisely kept apart, - Together ne’er employed; - Though to one purpose we are bent - Each takes a different side. - - We travel much, yet prisoners are, - And close confined to boot, - Can with the fleetest horse keep pace, - Yet always go on foot. - - -No. XXVI.--A MAGIC OBLONG - -On similar lines to Magic Squares, but as a distinct variety, we give -below a specimen of a Magic Oblong. - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 1|10|11|29|28|19|18|16| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - | 9| 2|30|12|20|27| 7|25| - |--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--| - |24|31| 3|21|13| 6|26| 8| - |--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--| - |32|23|22| 4| 5|14|15|17| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - -The four rows of this Oblong add up in each case to 132, and its eight -columns to 66. Two of its diagonals, from 10 to 5 and from 28 to 23, -also total 66, as do the four squares at the right-hand ends of the top -and bottom double rows. - - -16 - - My name declares my date to be - The morning of a Christian year; - And motherless, as all agree, - And yet a mother, too, ’tis clear. - A father, too, which none dispute, - And when my son comes I’m a fruit. - And, not to puzzle overmuch, - ’Twas I took Holland for the Dutch. - - -17 - - My head is ten times ten, - My body is but one. - Add just five hundred more, and then - My history is done. - Although I own no royal throne, - Throughout the sunny South in fame I stand alone. - - -No. XXVII.--A MAGIC CUBE - -Much more complicated than the Magic Square is the Magic Cube. - -First Layer from Top. - - +---+---+---+---+---+ - |121| 27| 83| 14| 70| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 10| 61|117| 48| 79| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 44|100| 1| 57|113| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 53|109| 40| 91| 22| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 87| 18| 74|105| 31| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - -Second Layer from Top. - - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 2 | 58|114| 45| 96| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 36| 92| 23| 54|110| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 75|101| 32| 88| 19| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 84| 15| 66|122| 28| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - |118| 49| 80| 6| 62| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - -Third Layer from Top. - - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 33| 89| 20| 71|102| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 67|123| 29| 85| 11| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 76| 7| 63|119| 50| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - |115| 41| 97| 3| 59| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 24| 55|106| 37| 93| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - -Fourth Layer from Top. - - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 64|120| 46| 77| 8| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 98| 4| 60|111| 42| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - |107| 38| 94| 25| 51| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 16| 72|103| 34| 90| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 30| 81| 12| 68|124| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - -Lowest Layer. - - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 95| 21| 52|108| 39| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - |104| 35| 86| 17| 73| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 13| 69|125| 26| 82| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 47| 78| 9| 65|116| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - | 56|112| 43| 99| 5| - +---+---+---+---+---+ - -Those who enjoy such feats with figures will find it interesting to work -out the many ways in which, when the layers are placed one upon another, -and form a cube, the number 315 is obtained by adding together the -cell-numbers that lie in lines in the length, breadth, and thickness of -the cube. - - -18 - - Sad offspring of a blighted race, - Pale Sorrow was my mother; - I’ve never seen the smiling face - Of sister or of brother. - - Of all the saddest things on earth, - There’s none more sad than I, - No heart rejoices at my birth. - And with a breath I die! - - -No. XXVIII.--A MAGIC CIRCLE - -The Magic Circle below has this particular property:-- - - 32 - 61 94 - 52 38 - 191 4 - + - 28 193 - 26 44 - 98 67 - 16 - -The 14 numbers ranged in smaller circles within its circumference are -such that the sum of the squares of any adjacent two of them is equal to -the sum of the squares of the pair diametrically opposite. - - -19 - - Add a hundred and nothing to ten, - And the same to a hundred times more, - Catch a bee, send it after them, then - Make an end of a fop and a bore. - - -No. XXIX.--MAGIC CIRCLE OF CIRCLES - -We have had some good specimens of Magic Squares. Here is a very curious -and most interesting Magic Circle, in which particular numbers, from 12 -to 75 inclusive, are arranged in 8 concentric circular spaces and in 8 -radiating lines, with the central 12 common to them all. - - 57 24 15 14 - 31 71 64 72 - 48 17 22 23 - 38 69 66 65 - 50 19 20 21 - 36 60 75 67 - 59 26 13 12 - 29 12 12 74 - 12 12 - + - 12 12 - 42 12 12 61 - 44 45 58 27 - 35 43 28 68 - 53 52 51 18 - 33 34 37 70 - 55 54 49 16 - 40 32 39 63 - 46 47 56 25 - 41 30 - -The sum of all the numbers in any of the concentric circular spaces, -with the 12, is 360, which is the number of degrees in a circle. - -The sum of the numbers in each radiating line with the 12, is also 360. - -The sum of the numbers in the upper or lower half of any of the circular -spaces, with half of 12, is 180, the degrees of a semi-circle. - -The sum of any outer or inner four of the numbers on the radiating -lines, with the half of 12, is also 180. - - -No. XXX.--THE UNIQUE TRIANGLE - -In the following triangle, if two couples of the figures on opposite -sides are transposed, the sums of the sides become equal, and also the -sums of the squares of the numbers that lie along the sides. Which are -the figures that must be transposed? - - /\ - / \ - / 5 \ - / \ - / 4 6 \ - / \ - / 3 7 \ - / \ - / 2 1 9 0 \ - ------------------ - - -20 - - They did not climb in hope of gain, - But at stern duty’s call; - They were united in their aim, - Divided in their fall. - - -21 - - Forsaken in some desert vast, - Where never human being dwelt, - Or on some lonely island cast, - Unseen, unheard, I still am felt. - - Brimful of talent, sense, and wit, - I cannot speak or understand; - I’m out of sight in Church, and yet - Grace many temples in the land. - - -No. XXXI.--MAGIC TRIANGLES - -Here is a nest of concentric triangles. Can you arrange the first 18 -numbers at their angles, and at the centres of their sides, so that they -count 19, 38, or 57 in many ways, down, across, or along some angles? - -[Illustration] - -This curiosity is found in an old document of the Mathematical Society -of Spitalfields, dated 1717. - - -22 - - Allow me, pray, to go as first, - And then as number two; - Then after these, why, there you are, - To follow as is due. - - But lest you never guess this queer - And hyperbolic fable, - Pray let there follow after that - Whatever may be able. - - -No. XXXII.--TWIN TRIANGLES - -The numbers outside these twin triangles give the sum of the squares of -the four figures of the adjacent sides:-- - - /\ - / \ - / 7 \ - / \ - 135 / 2 3 \ 99 - / . . \ - / 9 . . 5 \ - / . . \ - / 1 8 6 4 \ - ------------------ - . 117 . - . . - . . - . . - .. - . . - . . - . . - . 137 . - ------------------ - \ 6 4 2 9 / - \ . . / - \ 5 . . 1 / - \ . . / - 119 \ 7 8 / 155 - \ / - \ 3 / - \ / - \/ - -The twins are also closely allied on these points:-- - -18 is the common difference of 99, 117, 135, and of 119, 137, 155. - -19 is the sum of each side of the upper triangle. - -20 is the common difference of any two sums of squares symmetrically -placed, both being on a line through the central spot. - -21 is the sum of each side of the lower triangle. - -10 is the sum of any two figures in the two triangles that correspond. - -254 is the sum of 135, 119, of 117, 137, and of 90, 155. - -By transposing in each triangle the figures joined by dotted lines, the -nine digits run in natural sequence. - - -No. XXXIII.--A MAGIC HEXAGON - -We have dealt with Magic Squares, Circles, and Triangles. Here is a -Magic Hexagon, or a nest of Hexagons, in which the numbers from 1 to 73 -are arranged about the common centre 37. - - 1 5 6 70 60 59 58 - - 63 8 - - 62 19 53 46 22 45 9 - - 61 20 24 64 - - 2 48 31 42 38 49 57 - - 3 47 39 40 44 56 - - 67 51 41 37 33 23 7 - - 66 50 34 35 54 11 - - 65 25 36 32 43 26 12 - - 10 30 27 13 - - 17 29 21 28 52 55 72 - - 18 71 - - 16 69 68 4 14 15 73 - -Each of these Hexagons always gives the same sum, when counted along the -six sides, or along the six diameters which join its corners, or along -the six which are at right angles to its sides. These sums are 259, 185, -and 111. - - -23 - - When I am in, its four legs have no motion; - When I am out, as fish it swims the ocean. - Then, if transposed, it strides across a stream, - Or adds its quality to eyes that gleam. - - -No. XXXIV.--MAGIC HEXAGON IN A CIRCLE - -Inscribe six equilateral triangles in a circle, as shown in this -diagram, so as to form a regular hexagon. - -[Illustration] - -Now place the nine digits round the sides of each of the triangles, so -that their sum on each side may be 20, and so that, while there are no -two triangles exactly alike in arrangement, the squares of the sums on -the other sides may be alternately equal. - - -24 - -A PERSONAL ENIGMA - - We can but see his sad reverse, - And while we say alas! - We hail his work so keen and terse, - With just a touch of gas. - - -No. XXXV.--A MAGIC CROSS - -There are 33 different combinations of four of the numbers in the cells -of this magic cross which total up in each case to 26. - - +----+----+ - | _1_|_12_| - +----+----+----+----+ - | _9_| _8_| _5_| _4_| - +----+----+----+----+ - | _2_| _7_| _6_|_11_| - +----+----+----+----+ - |_10_| _3_| - +----+----+ - -Those who care to work them out on separate crosses will find that there -is a very regular correspondence in the positions which the numbers -occupy. - - -25 - - What boy can live on with a prospect of age, - If you cut off his head at an early stage? - - -26 - -BY LORD MACAULAY - - Here’s plenty of water, you’ll all of you say; - And minus the _h_ a thing used every day; - And here is nice beverage; put them together-- - What is it with claws, but with never a feather? - - -No. XXXVI.--A CHARMING PUZZLE - -Here is quite a charming little puzzle, which is by no means easy of -accomplishment:-- - - ✦ ✦ ✦ - - ✦ ✦ ✦ - - ✦ ✦ ✦ - -Start from one of these nine dots, and without taking the pen from the -paper draw four straight lines which pass through them all. Each line, -after the first, must start where the preceding one ends. - - -27 - -A BROKEN TALE - - The deil jumped - the clouds so high - That he bounded almost - right - the sky. - the trees - gates and fields and - He dodged with his tail - dragging - all these, - But, alas! made a terrible - bl, - For a twist in his tail - a rail, - hooked - And broke that appendage - as. - - -No. XXXVII.--LEAP-FROG - -Place on a chess or draught-board three white men on the squares marked -_a_, and three black men on the squares marked _b_. - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_a_|_a_|_a_| |_b_|_b_|_b_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -The pieces marked _a_ can only move one square at a time, from left to -right, and those marked _b_ one square at a time, from right to left, on -to unoccupied squares; and any piece can leap over one of the other -colour, on to an unoccupied square. What is the least number of moves in -which the positions of the white and the black men can be reversed, so -that each square now occupied by a white is occupied by a black, and -each now occupied by a black holds a white piece? - - -28 - - To a word of assent join the first half of fright, - Then add what will never be seen in the night. - By such a conjunction we quickly attain - What most men have seen, but can’t see again. - - -29 - - My first is stately, proud, and grave, - My next will guard your treasure; - My whole, a slow but sturdy slave, - Will wait upon your pleasure. - - -No. XXXVIII.--SORTING THE COUNTERS - -In the upper row of this diagram four white and four black counters are -placed alternately. - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | ○ | ● | ○ | ● | ○ | ● | ○ | ● | | | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | | | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -It is possible, by moving these counters two at a time, to arrange them -in four moves as they stand on the lower row. Can you do this? -Draughtsmen are handy for solving this puzzle, on a paper ruled as -above. - - -30 - - I am a word of letters six, - First link me with your mind; - Then shuffle me, and lo! I mix - With grief of noisy kind. - Shake me again, and you may fix - A cloak that hangs behind. - - -31 - - We are of use to every man - In walking, riding, rambling; - We join the gambols of the knave, - And play the knave in gambling! - - -No. XXXIX.--A TRANSFORMATION - -Take five wooden matches, and bend each of them into a V. Place them -together, as is shown in the diagram, so that they take the form of an -asterisk, or a ten-pointed star. - -[Illustration] - -Lay them on some smooth surface, and without touching them transform -them into a star with five points. - - -32 - - Strange that a straggling tiresome weed - Will change its meaning quite, - And turn into a sign of grief - If we transpose it right; - And, stranger still, transposed again - Will tell of ease from grief or pain. - - -33 - - Find me two English verbs that ever - In a united state will blend, - Let one say “join,” the other “sever,” - While I divide them to the end. - - -No. XL.--DOMINO BUILDING - -It is possible, with plenty of patience, to build up a whole set of -dominoes, so that they are safely supported on only two stones set up on -end. - -[Illustration] - -This, which might well seem impossible, is done by placing, as a -foundation, dominoes in the positions indicated by dotted lines. The -arch is then carefully constructed, as shown in the diagram, and for the -finish the four stones between the two foundation arches are drawn out, -and placed in pairs on end above, and finally, with the utmost care, the -other four are drawn away, and built in on the top. Thus the stones -indicated by the dotted lines at the base take their place within the -dotted lines above. - - -No. XLI.--FAST AND LOOSE - -This diagram represents a shallow box, on the bottom of which twelve -counters or draughtsmen are lying loose. - -[Illustration] - -How can they be readjusted so that they will wedge themselves together, -and against the side of the box, and it can be turned upside down -without displacing them? - - -34 - - Taken entire - I’m full of fire. - With head away - A tax I pay. - If tail you bar - I turn from tar. - Headless again, - With tail restored. - Goddess of pain, - I sow discord. - - -No. XLII.--MAZY PROGRESS. - -The diagram below is an exact reproduction of an old-fashioned maze, cut -in the ground near Nottingham. It is eighteen yards square, and the -black line represents the pathway, which is 535 feet in length. - -[Illustration] - -The point of this convoluted path is not so much to puzzle people, as to -show how much ground may be covered without diverging far from a centre, -or going over the same ground twice. As we advance along the line there -are no obstructions, and we find ourselves, after passing over the whole -of it, on the spot whence we set out. - - -35 - - Thrice three pins in shining line - Mary meant to fix; - Why did Mary turn the nine - Into thirty-six? - - -No. XLIII.--FOR CLEVER PENCILS - -Start at _A_, and trace these figures with one continuous line, -finishing at _B_. - -[Illustration] - -You must not take your pencil from the paper, or go over any line twice. - - -36 - - A ring and a wing and three-fourths of a fog, - Will bring to your view a most obstinate dog. - - -37 - - Add fifty-seven to two-thirds of one, - Then take a fiddle, - And it will help to show you what is done, - To make this riddle. - - -38 - - I am a fish so neat and clever, - In pools and crystal streams I play, - To find me out my name you sever - As near the middle as you may. - - -No. XLIV.--TEST AND TRY - -Those who have not seen it will find some real fun in the following -little experiment. Fix three matches as shown in the diagram, light the -cross match in the middle, and watch to see which of the ends will first -catch fire, or what will happen. - -[Illustration] - - -39 - - I stand stock still, let who will hurry, - You cannot put me in a flurry, - Nor stir my stumps, for all your worry. - - I am in haste, let none delay me - As fleetest couriers convey me. - You must transpose me ere you stay me. - - -40 - - Two to one, in case we hide, - You will find us in our site; - We are harmless side by side, - Parted we prepare to bite. - When united we divide, - When divided we unite. - - -No. XLV.--A CURIOUS PHENOMENON - -Equal volumes of alcohol and water, when mixed, occupy less space than -when separate, to the extent indicated in this picture: - -[Illustration] - -If the sum of the volume of the two separate liquids is 100, the volume -of the mixture will be only 94. It is thought that the molecules of the -two liquids accommodate themselves to each other, so as to reduce the -pores and diminish the volume of the mixture. - - -41 - - Cut off my head, I’m every inch a king, - A warrior formed to deal a heavy blow; - Halve what remains, my second is a thing - Which nothing but my third can e’er make go. - My whole will vary as you take your line, - This less than human, that way all divine. - - -42 - - One half of me in solid earth you find, - The other half in ocean’s ample bed: - When in my whole we see these parts combined, - The earth remains, but all the sea is fled. - - -No. XLVI.--A HOME-MADE MICROSCOPE - -The simplest and cheapest of all microscopes can easily be made at home. -The only materials needed are a thin slip of glass, on to which one or -two short paper tubes, coated with black sealing wax, are cemented with -the wax, a small stick, and a tumbler half full of water. - -[Illustration] - -Water is dropped gradually by aid of the stick into the cells, until -lenses are formed of the desired convexity, and objects held below the -glass will be more or less magnified. - - -43 - - Not ever changed unless unchanged, - Nor hanged unless beheaded; - Quick eyes may find in me arranged - Almost an angel bedded. - - -No. XLVII.--A PRETTY EXPERIMENT - -For this curious experiment a glass bottle or decanter about half full -of water and a sound stalk of straw are needed. - -[Illustration] - -Bend the straw without breaking it, and put it, as is shown, into the -bottle, which can then be lifted steadily and safely by the straw, if it -is a sound one. - - -44 - - “WHAT THE DICKENS IS HIS NAME?” - _Merry Wives of Windsor._ - -A Russian nobleman had three sons. Rab, the eldest, became a lawyer, his -brother Mary was a soldier, and the youngest was sent to sea. What was -his name? - - -No. XLVIII.--A BOTTLED BUTTON - -The button in a clear glass bottle, as is shown below, hangs attached by -a thread to the cork, which is securely sealed at the top. - -[Illustration] - -How can you sever the thread so that the button falls to the bottom -without uncorking or breaking the bottle? - - -45 - -A NEW “LIGHT BRIGADE” - - Six before six before - Five times a hundred; - This must be brilliant, or - Solvers have blundered. - - -No. XLIX.--CLEARING THE WAY - -Here is a pretty trick which requires an empty bottle, a lucifer match, -and a small coin. - -[Illustration] - -Break the wooden match almost in half, and place it and the coin in the -position shown above. Now consider how you can cause the coin to drop -into the bottle, if no one touches it, or the match, or the bottle. - - -46 - - Scorned by the meek and humble mind, - And often by the vain possessed, - Heard by the deaf, seen by the blind, - I give the troubled spirit rest. - - -47 - - To fifty for my half append - Two-thirds of one; - The other third my whole will end - When you have done. - - -No. L.--IS WATER POROUS? - -Our belief that two portions of matter cannot occupy the same space at -the same time is almost shaken by the following experiment: - -[Illustration] - -If we introduce slowly some fine powdered sugar into a tumblerful of -warm water a considerable quantity may be dissolved in the water without -increasing its bulk. - -It is thought that the atoms of the water are so disposed as to receive -the sugar between them, as a scuttle filled with coal might accommodate -a quantity of sand. - - -48 - -A DOUBLE SHUFFLE - - See, the letters that I bring - Change their meaning quite; - Spell a hard and heavy thing, - Spell a soft and light. - - -No. LI.--A TEST OF GRAVITY - -Set a stool, as is shown in the diagram below, about nine or ten inches -from the wall. - -[Illustration] - -Clasp it firmly by its two side edges, plant your feet well away from -it, and rest your head against the wall. Now lift the stool, and then -try, without moving your feet, to recover an upright position. - -It will be as impossible as it is to stand on one leg while the foot of -that leg rests sideways against a wall or door. - - -No. LII.--BILLIARD MAGIC - -Place a set of billiard balls as is shown in the diagram, the spot ball -overhanging a corner pocket, and the red and the plain white in a -straight line with it, leaving an eighth of an inch between the balls. - -[Illustration] - -How can you pot the spot white with the plain white, using a cue, and -without touching, or in any way disturbing, the red ball? There is not -room to pass on either side between the red ball and the cushion. - - -No. LIII.--THE NIMBLE COIN - -Prepare a circular band of stiff paper, as is shown in the diagram, and -balance it, with a coin on the top, on the lip of a bottle. - -[Illustration] - -How can you most effectively transfer the coin into the bottle? - - -49 - -AN ENIGMA BY MUTATION - - Search high or low, you’d find me where you list; - For not a place without me can exist. - I lose my head, and, seen with shoulders fair, - Become the very fairest of the fair. - Again I lose it, and, like some staunch hound, - The first and best amongst a pack am found. - And if at first both head and tail I lose - I am a portion such as all would choose. - - -No. LIV.--HIT IT HARD! - -Place a strip of thin board, or a long wide flat ruler, on the edge of a -table, so that it just balances itself, and spread over it an ordinary -newspaper, as is shown in the illustration. - -[Illustration] - -You may now hit it quite hard with your doubled fist, or with a stick, -and the newspaper will hold it down, and remain as firmly in its place -as if it were glued to the table over it. You are more likely to break -the stick with which you strike than to displace the strip of wood or -the paper. Try the experiment. - - -50 - -AN ENIGMA BY SWIFT - - We are little airy creatures - All of different voice and features. - One of us in glass is set, - One of us is found in jet. - Another you may see in tin, - And the fourth a box within. - If the others you pursue - They can never fly from you. - - -No. LV.--THE BRIDGE OF KNIVES - -Here is an after-dinner balancing trick, which it is well to practise -with something less brittle than the best glass:-- - -[Illustration] - -It will be seen that the blades of the knives are so cunningly -interlaced as to form quite a firm support. - - -51 - -A MEDLEY - - Twice six is six, and so - Six is but three; - Three is just five you know, - What can we be? - Would you count more of us, - Nine are but four of us, - Ten are but three. - - -No. LVI.--DIFFERENT DENSITIES - -Here is a pretty little experiment, which shows the effect of liquids of -different densities. - -[Illustration] - -Drop an egg into a glass vessel half full of water, it sinks to the -bottom. Drop it into strong brine, it floats. Introduce the brine -through a long funnel at the bottom of the pure water, and the water and -the egg will be lifted, so that the egg floats between the water and the -brine in equilibrium. The egg is denser than the water, and the brine is -denser than the egg. - - -52 - -THE MISSING LINK - - A friend to all the human race - From emperor to peasant, - None is more missed when out of place, - More opportune when present. - - Obedient to the general will - I yield to due control; - And yet the public twist me, till - They put me in a hole! - - -No. LVII.--COLUMBUS OUTDONE - -Here is a very simple and effective little trick. Offer to balance an -egg on its end on the lip of a glass bottle. - -[Illustration] - -The picture shows how it is done, with the aid of a cork and a couple of -silver forks. - - (From “La Science Amusante”). - - -53 - - Two words of equal length we here indite, - Which hold a famous father and his mate. - Embracing five, with fifty left and right, - The mother, looking both ways, keeps things straight. - - Her husband, following a thousand quite, - With them has changed his sex, a funny fate, - And if this lady lose her head, she might, - Being a man, oppose the water-rate. - - -No. LVIII.--WHAT WILL HAPPEN? - -The boy in this picture is blowing hard against the bottle, which is -between his mouth and the candle flame. - -[Illustration] - -What will happen? - - -54 - - In marble walls as white as milk, - Lined with a skin as soft as silk, - Within a fountain crystal clear - A golden apple doth appear. - No doors are there to this stronghold, - Yet thieves break in, and steal the gold. - - -No. LIX.--THE FLOATING NEEDLE - -Here is a simple way to make a needle float on water:-- - -[Illustration] - -Fill a wineglass or tumbler with water, and on this lay quite flat a -cigarette paper; place a needle gently on this, and presently the paper -will sink, and the needle will float on the water. - - -55 - - A one-syllable adjective I, - Indeterminate, misty, obscure: - Reduce me by five, and then try - How you like my attacks to endure. - - I’m now a two-syllable noun, - My victims are hot and are cold; - In country more rife than in town, - I’m not such a pest as of old. - - -No. LX.--VIS INERTIÆ - -Here is a pile of ten draughtsmen--one black among nine white. - -[Illustration] - -If I take another draughtsman, and with a strong pull of my finger send -it spinning against the column, what will happen? - - -56 - -DR. WHEWELL’S ENIGMA - - A headless man had a letter to write, - He who read it had lost his sight. - The dumb repeated it word for word, - And deaf was the man who listened and heard. - - -57 - -AN ENIGMA FOR MOTORISTS - - I am rough, I am smooth, - I am wet, I am dry; - My station is low, - My title is high. - The King my lawful master is, - I’m used by all, though only his. - - -No. LXI.--CUT AND COME AGAIN - -How long would it take to divide completely a 2 ft. block of ice by -means of a piece of wire on which a weight of 5 lb. hangs? - -[Illustration] - - -58 - - Without a dome, we are within a dome; - Homeless and roofless, we have roof and home. - Though frequent streams may flood our base and roof, - We rest unharmed, and always waterproof. - - -59 - - I’m the most fearful of fates upon earth, - Cut off my head and bright moments have birth, - Lop off my shoulders, and riddle my riddle; - Anything seems to be found in my middle. - - -No. LXII.--WHERE WILL IT BREAK? - -When weak cords of equal strength are attached to opposite parts of a -wooden or metal ball which is suspended by one of them, a sharp, sudden -pull will snap the lower cord before the movement has time to affect the -ball; but a gentle, steady pull will cause the upper cord to snap, as it -supports the weight below it. - -[Illustration] - - -60 - - I may be safe when honest ways prevail, - With no unworthy tricks or jobbery. - Cut off my head and fix it to my tail, - And I become at once rank robbery. - - -No. LXIII.--CATCHING THE DICE - -Hold a pair of dice, and a cup for casting them, in one hand as is shown -in the diagram. - -[Illustration] - -Now, holding the cup fast, throw up one of the dice and catch it in the -cup. How can you best be sure of catching the other also in the cup? - - -61 - -Here is a metrical Enigma, which appeals with particular force to all -married folk, and to our cousins in America: - - This is of fellowship the token, - Reverse it, and the bond is broken. - - -No. LXIV.--WILL THEY FALL? - -Build up seven dominoes into a double arch, as is shown in the diagram -below, and place a single domino in the position indicated. - -[Illustration] - -Now put the fore-finger carefully through the lower archway, and give -this domino quite a smart tip up by pressing on its corner. What will -happen if this is done cleverly? Try it. - - -62 - - A monk in a moment, by violence heated, - Endangered the peace of his soul. - To atone for my second, my first he repeated - Just ten times a day on my whole. - - -No. LXV.--A TRANSPOSITION - -Place three pennies in contact in a line as is shown below, so that a -“head” is between two “tails.” - -[Illustration] - -Can you introduce the coin with a shaded surface between the other two -in a straight line, without touching one of these two, and without -moving the other? - - -63 - - Two syllables this word contains: - Reverse them and then what remains? - - * * * * * - - With cap and pipe and goggles too - The comics hold him up to view, - Reverse his parts you would declare - A dog should not be quartered there. - - -64 - - Though I myself shut up may be, - My work is to set prisoners free. - No slave his lord’s commands obeys - With more insinuating ways. - All find me handy, sharp, and bright, - Where men in wit and wine delight; - While many keep me for their ease, - And turn and twist me as they please. - - -No. LXVI.--COIN COUNTING - -Place ten coins in a circle, as is shown in this diagram, so that on all -of them the king’s head is uppermost. - - ==== - = = - = 1 = - ==== = = ==== - = = ==== = = - = 10 = = 2 = - = = = = - ==== ==== ==== ==== - = = = = - = 9 = = 3 = - = = = = - ==== ==== - - ==== ==== - = = = = - = 8 = = 4 = - = = = = - ==== ==== ==== ==== - = = = = - = 7 = = 5 = - = = ==== = = - ==== = = ==== - = 6 = - = = - ==== - -Now start from any coin you choose, calling it 1, the next 2, and so on, -and turn the _fourth_, so that the tail is uppermost. Start again on any -king’s head, and again turn the fourth, and continue to do this until -all but one are turned. - -Coins already turned are reckoned in the counting, but the count of -“four” must fall on an unturned coin. - -Can you find a plan for turning all the coins but one in this way -without ever failing to count four upon a fresh spot, and to start on an -unturned coin? - - -No. LXVII.--THE BALANCED CORK - -The diagram below shows how, using one hand only, and grasping a bottle -of wine by its body, the contents can be poured out without cutting or -boring the cork, or altogether removing it from the bottle. - -[Illustration] - - -65 - - Transformed by art, and fond of port, - I blister in the sun; - But when I turn, and face the sport, - Away full tilt I run; - For if I double I am caught, - And that can be no fun. - - -66 - - A man without eyes saw plums on a tree, - He neither took plums nor plums left he. - - -No. LXVIII.--NUTS TO CRACK - -A sharply-pointed knife with a heavy handle is stuck very lightly into -the lintel of a door, and the nut that is to be cracked is placed under -it, so that when the knife is released by a touch the nut is cracked. - -[Illustration] - -What simple and certain plan can you suggest for making sure that the -knife shall hit the nut exactly in the middle without fail? - - -67 - -A SINGULAR ENIGMA - - Strange paradox! though my two halves are gone, - I still remain an undivided whole. - But were I double what I am, though one, - I then should be but half, upon my soul! - - -No. LXIX.--THE FLOATING CORKS - -If we throw an ordinary wine cork into a tub of water it will naturally -float on its side. It is, however, possible to arrange a group of seven -such corks, without fastening them in any way, so that they will float -in upright positions. - -[Illustration] - -Place them together, as is shown in the illustration, and, holding them -firmly, dip them under the water till they are well wetted. Then, -keeping them exactly upright, leave go quietly, and they will float in a -compact bunch if they are brought slowly to the surface. - - -68 - -A PARADOX - - I start with five thousand, and take nothing off, - Yet really in doing so nine-tenths I doff; - And it proves with no strain upon numbers or reason, - That the smaller are larger in size and in season. - - -No. LXX.--A LIGHT, STEADY HAND - -As an exercise of patience and dexterity, try to balance a set of -dominoes upon one that stands upon its narrow end:-- - -[Illustration] - -This is no easy matter, but a little patience will enable us to arrange -the stones in layers, which can with care be lifted into place and -balanced there. - - -69 - - With letters three indite my name, - Add one to show what I became, - Or try to tell what brought me fame. - - -No. LXXI.--WHAT IS THIS? - -We expect to puzzle our readers completely by this diagram:-- - -[Illustration] - -It is simply the enlargement by photography of part of a familiar -picture. - - -70 - - Eight letters respond to the quest - Of all for enjoyment athirst; - Two articles lead to the rest, - And the last of the rest is the first. - - -71 - - When letters five compose my name - I’m seldom seen but in a flame. - Take off one letter, then you see - That winter is the time for me. - Another take, and I appear - What many must be year by year. - - -No. LXXII.--TAKING THE GROUND FROM UNDER IT - -Place a strip of smooth paper on a table so that it overhangs the side, -as is shown in the diagram. Stand a new penny steadily on edge upon the -paper. - -[Illustration] - -Take hold of the paper firmly, and give it a smart, steady pull. If this -is properly done it will leave the penny standing unmoved in its place. - - -72 - - A shining wit pronounced of late - That water in a freezing state - Is like an acting magistrate. - What was the quibble in his pate? - - -73 - - By something formed I nothing am, - Yet anything that you can name. - In all things false, yet ever true, - And still the same but never new; - Like thought I’m in a moment gone, - Nor can I ever be alone. - - -No. LXXIII.--A READY RECKONER - -Two men, standing on the bank of a broad stream, across which they could -not cast their fishing lines, could not agree as to its width. A bet on -the point was offered and accepted, and the question was presently -decided for them by an ingenious friend who came along, without any -particular appliances for measurement. - -He stood on the edge of the bank, steadied his chin with one hand, and -with the other tilted his cap till its peak just cut the top of the -opposite bank. - -[Illustration] - -Then, turning round, he stood exactly where the peak cut the level -ground behind him, and, by stepping to that spot, was able to measure a -distance equal to the width of the stream. - - -74 - - When you and I together meet, - Then there are six to see and greet. - If I and you should meet once more, - Our company would be but four. - And when you leave me all alone - I am a solitary one. - - -No. LXXIV.--THE CLIMBING HOOP - -Paste or pin together the ends of a long strip of stiff paper so as to -form a hoop, and place on the table a board resting at one end upon a -book. Challenge those in your company to make the hoop run up the board -without any impulse. - -[Illustration] - -They must of course fail, but you can succeed by secretly fastening with -beeswax a small stone or piece of metal inside the hoop, as is indicated -in the diagram. - - -75 - - Invisible yet never out of sight, - I am indeed a centre of delight. - In quiet times I help to make things right, - Yet act as second in the fiercest fight. - - -No. LXXV.--THE SEAL OF MAHOMET - -[Illustration] - -This double crescent, called the Seal of Mahomet, from a legend that the -prophet was wont to describe it on the ground with one stroke of his -scimitar, is to be made by one continuous stroke of pen or pencil, -without going twice over any part of it. - - -76 - - Though I mingle with thieves, - And with all that deceives, - And never keep clear of depravity - Though possessed by a devil, - Or seen in a revel, - I do keep my centre of gravity. - - -77 - - There’s not a bird that cleaves the sky - With crest or plume more gay than I, - Yet guess me by this token: - That I am never seen to fly - Unless my wings are broken. - - -No. LXXVI.--MOVE THE MATCHES - -Arrange 15 matches thus-- - - --------| --------| -------| - | | | | | |\ | - | | | |-------| | \ | - | | | | | | \ | - |-------- |-------- |------- - -Remove 6 and what number will be left? - - -78 - - Split into three and mixed, - With Dives I am found. - Split into two and fixed - On four legs, flat or round. - In my most kindly sense unbroken, - Warm hearts and helpers I betoken. - - -79 - - I am high, I am low, - I am thick, I am thin, - I can keep out the snow, - But may let the rain in. - - -80 - -HIDDEN FRUIT - - Go range through every clime, where’er - The patriot muse appears - He deeds of valour antedates, - His ban an army fears. - - By midnight lamp each poet soul - Is plumed for flight sublime; - Pale monarch moon and shining stars - Witness his glowing rhyme! - - Incited by the muse man goes - To grapple with his wrongs; - The poet cares not who makes laws, - If he may make the songs. - -Can you discover ten fruits in these lines? - - -No. LXXVII.--LINES ON AN OLD SAMPLER - - | | - --+-----------------------------------------+-- - |~When I can plant with seventeen trees | - | Twice fourteen rows, in each row three;| - |A friend of mine I then shall please, | - | Who says he’ll give them all to me.~ | - --+-----------------------------------------+-- - | | - - -81 - - The last of you before the end - Close to an inn we first must find, - If nothing follows all will tend - To hints that rankle in the mind. - - -No. LXXVIII.--DOMINO DUPLICITY - -By the following ingenious arrangement of the stones a set of dominoes -appears to be unduly rich in doublets:-- - - +-------+ +-------+ - | 1 1 | | 3 3 | - +---+---+---+-------+---+---+---+ - | 1 | 1 5 | 5 0 | 0 3 | 3 | - | +---+---+---+---+-------+ | - | 6 | 6 | 5 5 | 0 | 0 6 | 6 | - +---+ +-------+ +-------+---+ - | 6 | 6 | 4 4 | 4 | 4 6 | 6 | - | +---+---+---+---+-------+ | - | 2 | 2 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 5 | 5 | - +---+-------+ | +-------+---+ - | 2 | 2 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 5 | 5 | - | +-------+---+---+-------+ | - | 0 | 0 1 | 1 3 | 3 2 | 2 | - +---+---+---+-------+---+---+---+ - | 0 0 | | 2 2 | - +-------+ +-------+ - -It will be noticed that the charm of this arrangement is that the whole -figure contains a double set of quartettes, on which the pips are -similar. - - -82 - - Many men of many minds, - Many birds of many kinds, - Some are dun, and some are gray-- - Which is this one? tell me, pray! - See him where the water shines, - But not perching on the pines. - - -No. LXXIX.--MORE DOMINO DUPLICITY - - +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ - | 2 2 | | 0 0 | | 1 1 | | 3 3 | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 2 | 2 3 | 3 0 | 0 | | 1 | 1 6 | 6 3 | 3 | - | +---+---+-------+ | | +-------+---+---+ | - | 6 | 6 | 3 | 3 1 | 1 | | 4 | 4 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | - +---+ | +-------+---+ +---+-------+ | +---+ - | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 1 | 1 | | 4 | 4 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | - | +---+---+-------+ | | +-------+---+---+ | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | - +---+ | +-------+---+ +---+-------+ | +---+ - | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 2 | 2 | | 2 | 2 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | +---+---+---+---+ | | +-------+---+---+ | - | 4 | 4 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | | 1 | 1 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | - +---+-------+ | +---+ +---+---+---+ | +---+ - | 4 | 4 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | | 1 | 1 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 | - | +-------+---+---+ | | +-------+---+---+ | - | 3 | 3 6 | 6 1 | 1 | | 0 | 0 3 | 3 2 | 2 | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 3 3 | | 1 1 | | 0 0 | | 2 2 | - +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ - -This again shows how the stones can be placed so that an ordinary set of -dominoes seems to be unduly rich in doublets. - - -83 - -We know how, by the addition of a single letter, our _cares_ can be -softened into a _caress_; but in the following Enigma a still more -contradictory result follows, without the addition or alteration of a -letter, by a mere separation of syllables:-- - - None can locate the subject of my riddle. - For all the world would seek its place in vain; - Cut it asunder almost in the middle, - And in our very midst its place is plain. - - An aching void, an absolute negation, - Into the opposite extreme it breaks; - With just a gap to mark their new relation - Each letter still the same position takes. - - -No. LXXX.--TWO MORE PATTERNS - -Here are two more perfect arrangements of a set of dominoes in -quartettes, so that the pips and blanks are similarly grouped and -repeated:-- - - +---+-------+-------+-------+---+ +---+-------+-------+-------+---+ - | 3 | 3 0 | 0 5 | 5 2 | 2 | | 0 | 0 2 | 2 3 | 3 1 | 1 | - | +---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+ | - | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | - +---+ | | | | | +---+ +---+ | | | | | +---+ - | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | | 4 4 | 5 | 5 0 | 0 | - +---+ | | | | | +---+ +-------+ +-------+ | - | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | | 6 6 | 5 | 5 6 | 6 | - | +---+---+---+---+---+---+ | +---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | - +---+ | | | | | +---+ +---+ | | | | | +---+ - | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+ | +---+---+---+---+---+---+ | - | 6 6 | 5 5 | 4 4 | | 2 | 2 1 | 1 4 | 4 3 | 3 | - +-------+-------+-------+ +---+-------+-------+-------+---+ - - -CHARADES - - -1 - -SIR WALTER SCOTT’S CHARADE - - Sir Hilary fought at Agincourt, - Sooth! ’twas an awful day - And though in olden days of sport - The rufflers of the camp and court - Had little time to pray, - ’Tis said Sir Hilary muttered there - Two syllables by way of prayer. - - “My first to all the brave and proud - Who see to-morrow’s sun; - My next with her cold and quiet cloud - To those who find a dewy shroud - Before the day is won. - And both together to all bright eyes - That weep when a warrior nobly dies!” - - -No. LXXXI.--COUNTING THEM OUT - -Arrange twelve dominoes as is shown in this diagram, and start counting -_in French_ from the double five, thus u, n, _un_; remove the stone you -thus reach, which has _one_ pip upon it, and start afresh with the next -stone, d, e, u, x, _deux_; this brings you to the stone with two pips; -then t, r, o, i, s, _trois_, brings you to that with _three_, and so on -until _douze_ brings you to twelve. - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 5 | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | 4 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 5 | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -Always remove the stone as you hit upon each consecutive number. - -Now who can re-arrange these same stones so that a similar result works -out in _English_, thus--o, n, e, _one_ (remove the stone), t, w, o, -_two_, and so on throughout? - - -2 - -A FAMILY CHARADE - - A man with fourscore winters white - Sat dozing in his chair; - His frosted brow was quite my first, - Crowned with its silver hair. - - My whole, when playing at his feet, - Sly glances upward stole; - My second, standing at his side, - Was father of my whole. - - -No. LXXXII.--TRICKS WITH DOMINOES - -In this diagram the word EACH is formed by the use of a complete set of -stones, placing every letter in proper domino sequence. - - +-------+-------+ +---+-------+ +---+-------+---+ +---+ +---+ - | 6 5 | 5 3 | | 1 | 1 5 | | 1 | 1 1 | 1 | | 5 | | 0 | - +---+---+-------+ | +---+---+ | +-------+ | | | | | - | 6 | | 0 | | 5 | | 6 | | 2 | | 4 | | 3 | - | | +---+ | | +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | 0 +-------+ | 0 | | 2 | | 6 | | 4 +-------+ 3 | - +---+ 0 2 | | +---+---+ | | | | 4 3 | | - | 0 +-------+ | 4 | 4 2 | | 6 | | 4 +-------+ 3 | - | | +---+---+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | 0 | | 4 | | 2 | | 6 | | 2 | | 4 | | 3 | - +---+---+-------+ | | | | | +-------+ | | | | | - | 0 5 | 5 5 | | 6 | | 6 | | 3 | 3 2 | 2 | | 1 | | 1 | - +-------+-------+ +---+ +---+ +---+-------+---+ +---+ +---+ - -There are also the same number of pips in each letter. Can you construct -another English word under the same conditions? As a hint, the word that -we have in mind is plural. - - -3 - - Upon my face is not a single hair, - Although my beard uncut is growing there. - Men call me Shelley, though I can’t converse, - To me all tongues alike would be a curse. - I in my house must night and day abide, - And though quite well must keep my bed, outside. - For me no bell shall toll a funeral knell, - I’m doomed, like Shelley, dead to have no shell. - - -4 - -This amusing Charade is from the pen of a wise and witty Irish Bishop:-- - - True to the trumpet call of fame and duty - The soldier arms, and hastens to depart; - Nor casts one look behind, though love and beauty - Whisper _my first_ in tones that thrill his heart. - - The war is o’er, with wealth and honour laden - The hero seeks the well-remembered Hall: - He woos and wins the unreluctant maiden, - And bids _my second_ o’er her blushes fall. - - He takes her hand--a mist of rapture thickens - Before her eyes. Such bliss succeeding pain - O’ertasks her strength, and fainting nature sickens, - Until _my whole_ is rudely snapt in twain. - - -No. LXXXIII.--THE HOUR GLASS - -This very beautiful specimen of a knight’s tour on the chess-board takes -its name from the figure formed by the tracery at its centre. - -[Illustration] - -An endless number of symmetrical patterns of varied design can be -formed, by a knight’s consecutive moves, with patience and ingenuity. - - -No. LXXXIV.--A STAR’S TOUR - -Here is a pretty and very regular specimen of a knight’s tour on the -chess board. - -[Illustration] - -It is one of many variations which produce in the tracery a central -star. - - -5 - -MAKE IT KNOWN - - My first she was a serving maid, - Who went to buy some tea; - How much she bought my second tells, - As all may plainly see. - - Now when the answer you have found - Tell it to others too; - My whole will then to maids and men - Explain what ’tis you do. - - -No. LXXXV.--THE MARBLE ARCH - -Here is a remarkably symmetrical specimen of a knight’s tour on the -chess board. - -[Illustration] - -It takes its name from the central archway, which this arrangement -forms. - - -6 - - My fourth is just ten times my first - When that takes on my second; - My third and second when reversed - Double my first are reckoned. - All this is empty, though my pen - So full may seem to show it; - Reverse my first and second, then - My whole becomes a poet. - - -7 - - O’er distant hills the rising moon - The evening mist dispersed: - And beaming radiant in the sky - She plainly showed _my first_. - - A horseman guided by her light, - Approached with headlong speed - And as he rode _my second_ said - To urge his flagging steed. - - His lady waited at the gate, - Though trysting hour was past. - She was _my whole_, because her lord - Was then _my third_ and last. - - -No. LXXXVI.--ANOTHER TOUR AMONG STARS - -In No. LXXXIV we gave a pretty illustration of a knight’s tour, with a -central star. - -[Illustration] - -Here is a good course which shows in its symmetrical tracery a pair of -stars. - - -No. LXXXVII.--THE WINDMILL - -Among the countless fanciful variations of the knight’s tour that are -possible, some have been so designed that more than a merely symmetrical -pattern is involved. - -[Illustration] - -Here is, for example, an excellent suggestion of the sails of a windmill -with their central fittings. - - -8 - -A TROPICAL CHARADE - - My first’s a liquid or a solid snare, - My all is hot, or in a maiden’s hair; - My second just a track. - Transpose my first, and they will both declare - My all is now a black. - - -No. LXXXVIII.--LAZY TONGS - -Here is a very distinctive specimen of the knight’s tour, in which the -design reminds us of the old-fashioned lazy-tongs, which stretched out -and then back, by opening or shutting their handles on finger and thumb. - -[Illustration] - - -9 - -A FLORAL CHARADE - - My first must be below the ground, - To do its proper duty; - Within my second may be found - Chaps that can boast no beauty; - Some simple garden holds the two combined, - Old-fashioned emblem of a candid mind. - - -No. LXXXIX.--CHESS ARITHMETIC - -This beautiful symmetrical knight’s tour involves in its accomplishment -a pretty problem in arithmetic:-- - -[Illustration] - -If we follow the course of the knight step by step, and number -consecutively the squares on which it rests at each move, we find that -there is a constant difference of 32 between the numbers on any two of -these squares that correspond in position on opposite sides of the -central line. - - -10 - - My first can be no joke to crack, - My second I adore; - Reverse her name, and you will see - Just what that maiden is to me. - My whole is grown where boys are black - Upon a sultry shore. - - -No. XC.--A SHORT KNIGHT’S TOUR - -This short symmetrical knight’s tour can be tested on a corner of the -chessboard:-- - -[Illustration] - -The knight can start from any square, and, taking the course indicated, -return on the twentieth move to the starting point. - - -11 - -BY GEORGE CANNING - - Though weak my first is reckoned, - And game made of my second; - Yet both bade hosts defiance - When joined in close alliance. - - -12 - - As Lubin did my first, and, scythe in hand, - Espied his Phyllis by the hedgerow stand, - He called out to my next, in cheery tones and clear, - “Tell me, sweet all, you’ll fetch a pot of beer.” - - -No. XCI.--THE STOLEN PEARLS - -A dishonest jeweller, who had a cross of pearls to repair for a lady of -title, on which nine pearls could be counted from the top, or from -either of the side ends to the bottom, kept back two of the pearls, and -yet contrived to return the cross re-set so that nine pearls could still -be counted in each direction, as at first. How was this done? - -[Illustration] - - -13 - -A WORD OF WARNING - - Says William to his thriftless wife, - “To _first_ unless you try, - Your wasteful ways will spoil our life.” - Her’s is a curt reply. - - _Second_ and _third_ her answer give; - Full soon their fortunes fall, - Each of the hapless pair must live - And wander as my _all_. - - -14 - -A FINE CHARADE BY PRAED - - Come from my first, ay, come; - The battle dawn is nigh, - And the screaming trump and the thundering drum - Are calling thee to die. - Fight, as thy father fought, - Fall, as thy father fell: - Thy task is taught, thy shroud is wrought, - So forward and farewell! - - Toll ye my second, toll; - Fling high the flambeau’s light, - And sing the hymn for a parted soul - Beneath the silent night. - The helm upon his head, - The cross upon his breast, - Let the prayer be said, and the tear be shed - Now take him to his rest! - - Call ye my whole, go call - The lord of lute and lay, - And let him greet the sable pall - With a noble song to-day. - Ay, call him by his name, - No fitter hand may crave - To light the flame of a soldier’s fame - On the turf of a soldier’s grave! - - -15 - - My first has cause in dread to hold - The foggy month November. - My next, when given to knights of old - Was held to mean “remember!” - - -16 - - With one line many do my first, - With two it can but meet; - My second, as its breakers burst, - Around my whole may beat. - - -17 - - She was my first; one happy day - She was my second, - And shewed my all. Now can you say - How this is reckoned? - - -18 - - My first it may a seaman save, - Or cause a fighter’s fall; - My next reminds us of the wave, - Or of unseemly brawl. - My whole is rather pert than brave, - And like a rubber ball. - - -19 - - Seen with a stolen spoon, my first was reckoned - Bad as my whole in moral tone. - Whether a number or alone my second - Touched by my third is turned to stone. - - -20 - -NOT A CATECHISM - - My first a friend, companion, guide, - Is loving, staunch, and cheery; - My second has a cleansing side, - My third denotes a theory. - My whole, good luck! is held by few - To bore and make us weary. - - -21 - - My first is an insect, - My second a border; - My whole puts the face - Into tuneful disorder. - - -22 - - My first seldom crosses your path, - Though wheels and a body it hath; - My next from a clown - Much applause will bring down, - My whole was Goliath of Gath. - - -23 - - My first he sat upon my whole - And used it as my second. - His halves akin in Latin and - In English may be reckoned. - - -24 - -A PHONETIC FLORAL CHARADE - - My first comes often to our mind - When for a saint we look. - My second sees the greetings kind - Of Bobby and the cook. - My whole in hothouse you may find, - Or pictured in a book. - - -25 - - Man cannot live without my first, - By day and night ’tis used; - My second is by all accursed, - By day and night abused. - My whole is never seen by day, - And never used by night, - ’Tis dear to friends when far away, - But hated when in sight. - - -26 - -BY AN OXFORD OAR - - I am my first, my second thou mayest be - In classic shades, where gently roll - The crystal waters of my whole - To seek the sea. - - -27 - - My first is worn by night and day, - And very useful reckoned; - London, or Bath, or Bristol may - With truth be styled my second. - Now if you cannot find me out - You lack my whole without a doubt. - - -28 - - My first now marks the soldier’s face, - Who was my next’s defender; - But when my whole attacked the place - It drove him to surrender. - - -29 - - My first is away from Paris, and may - Come round with a rap at your portal; - My second is Spanish, but quickly will vanish - If it turns to a nod from a mortal. - - -30 - - Often my first a B begins, - One always starts my second. - My all, though free from grosser sins, - Of little worth is reckoned. - - -31 - - My first is a kind of butter, - My second is a sort of cutter; - My whole, whether smaller or larger, - Was always a kind of charger. - - -32 - - My first is but lately promoted - To a place in our language, and quoted. - My second it lives in the sea. - On the hill-tops it flourishes free. - My whole I should certainly call - A delectable dainty for all. - - -33 - -AN ENIGMA-CHARADE - - Take in my first, and you will find - It helps you to make up your mind. - Write to my second, and behold - You see into the secret told. - - -34 - -A QUAINT CHARADE - -BY CHARLES JAMES FOX - - My first is expressive of no disrespect, - But I never call you by it when you are by; - If my second you still are resolved to reject, - As dead as my whole I shall presently lie. - - -35 - - My first reversed will plainly show - An apple in its embryo. - Reverse my second, and we see - That which in sight can never be. - Replace them both, and write me down - Six letters that will spell a town. - - -36 - - My first is equal to the rest, - My second not so much; - My whole is better than the best, - Beyond compare nonsuch. - - -37 - -AN ITALIAN POET’S LOVE SONG - - Hear me, my all: oh, be my first! - My second is a single; - If you say yes, then in my third - Our happy lives shall mingle. - - -38 - -A PARADOX - - My first a simple verb, or half a verb, may be; - Almost the same my next, or half the same, we see. - My whole may weigh a ton or more, and yet be light, - Dull, and bereft of motion; swift, exceeding bright. - - -39 - - My first is found in fruit, - You take it for my second; - My whole in church to suit - Attentive ears is reckoned. - - -40 - - My _first_ is frugal, lean, and thin, - My _second_ leads to eve, - My _whole_ is hidden by a skin, - But not of sheep or beeve. - - -41 - -VERY PERSONAL - - My first to us may point ’tis clear, - And what I say is true, sir! - My next to her your thoughts will steer, - My whole it is in view, sir! - - -42 - - My second in my first can speed - Across United States; - My third from Q’s pen we can read, - My whole has water-rates; - My first and second drive my first along, - My third and second drive a mind all wrong. - - -43 - - To puzzle solvers can I shine, - And so my first is writ. - With this my second did combine - To make a happy hit. - My whole, with both fixed in a line - Firm as I can, did fit. - - -44 - -A RUSTIC CHARADE - - My first and second are my third, - My third my first and second may be; - My whole, if right you read the word, - May never have a wife or baby. - - -45 - - Let my second cut my first - Into slices thin; - Seek in Shakespeare for my whole, - Injured by his kin. - - -46 - -A FIRM GRIP - - I may give you my first with my second, - Or my second may give with my first; - The one act as friendly is reckoned, - The other will rank with the worst. - If my whole through my second creeps over my first, - It will cling as a bond that no effort can burst. - - -47 - - My first is called a sin in name, - My third its simple cure; - My second puts an end to fame, - My whole in ease is sure. - - -48 - - In my first ’tis sweet to tarry - ’Mid my second’s realms of bliss. - In the two, though none can marry, - All are subject to a kiss. - - -49 - - My first, which washes half a nation’s gums, - From foreign climes within my second comes: - And though, my whole, thine is no teacher’s part, - Thou art not science, but thou teachest art! - - -50 - - My first on country hedges grows, - My next is found in garden rows, - My third to make it more transpose, - My whole is one of London’s shows. - - -51 - - My first the best solver can never find out, - My second is looked for in vain; - My third may hide all from our view round about, - My whole must be weak, or in pain. - - -52 - -SORROW’S ANTIDOTE - - My first does affliction denote, - Which my second is destined to bear; - My whole is the sweet antidote - That affliction to soothe and to share. - - -53 - - I see a sign of music not reversed, and then - My second and my third both pass beyond my ken. - - -54 - - My first has my second my third his mouth; - My whole was a tribe in the sunny south. - - -55 - -“QUOD” ERAT DEMONSTRANDUM - - My second makes my ending, - My first is its reverse; - My whole bad men is sending - From court to quarters worse. - - -56 - - My first, though won and never lost, - Reversed is now before ye: - My second turns as red as blood - Upon a field of glory. - My whole is plain, yet you’ll confess - It is a wonder if you guess. - - -57 - - I get my second when I take my first, - And then my upright character is lost; - My whole gives quarters to a rat reversed, - Or is a refuge for the tempest tost. - - -58 - - My first is almost a cropper; - My second is often a propper; - My whole was entirely a whopper. - - -59 - -A FLORAL CHARADE - - My first by poet’s eye was seen - Sad watching at the gates of heaven. - My next in tints of tender green - By Dickens with quaint art was given. - - -60 - - My first is nothing but a name - My second is more small; - My whole is of such slender fame - It has no name at all. - - -61 - - When second is of whole a fourth, - And first a fifth of second, - Then first by second multiplied - To make my whole is reckoned. - - -62 - -A CHARADE WITH A MORAL - - My first is black, my second red, - My whole no man should take to bed. - - -63 - - My first upon their prey can dart, - My next can ne’er be down; - My whole performs a saucy part - In country or in town. - - -64 - - My first makes hills unpleasant - To every cyclist’s wheel. - My next is where they take you to - If in the streets you steal. - My whole is what I most dislike - When in the dumps I feel. - - -65 - - My first is the voice of heart-sorrows or joys, - My second, bar one, have been all of them boys, - My whole is made ill by the harsh raven’s noise. - - -66 - -QUITE SELF-CONTAINED - - My first is in my second, - My third contains an ass; - And when my whole is reckoned - You see it is in glass. - - -67 - - Safe on Lucinda’s arm my first may rest, - And raise no tumult in Alonzo’s breast. - My second can the want of legs supply - To those that neither creep, nor walk, nor fly; - My whole is rival to the fairest toast, - And when most warmly welcomed suffers most. - - -68 - - My second, my first can control, - If his understanding is reckoned. - My second may not be my whole, - But my whole must be always my second. - - -69 - -AN OLD COCKNEY CHARADE - - My first’s a little thing that hops, - My second comes with summer crops, - My whole is good with mutton chops. - - -70 - -A STRIKING CHARADE - - My first I gently strike, and lo! - It soon becomes my second. - Indeed if this should not be so - My whole it is not reckoned. - - -71 - -PLANTING PEAS - - “I think,” said Ted, “it will be wise - To set the peas this way; - For here they will face friendly skies, - And sun shines all the day.” - - “Your first is good,” the gardener said, - “Peas thrive in sun and shower; - So now, good second, dig the bed - Where all can see them flower.” - -Can you fit a word of two syllables to this Charade? - - -72 - - My first is found where wit and wine - Combine to grace the festal board; - My second where sad captives pine, - In dungeon of some tyrant lord. - My whole is ready for the doomed, - Twice tried by fire ere once consumed. - - -73 - -A BRAIN TWISTER - - My first is half my second - And my third is half my first - My second and my third are good - To quench a mighty thirst. - - -RIDDLES AND CONUNDRUMS - - -1. Woman is my end, was my beginning, and you will find her in my midst. - - -2 - - I am an uncle, but it is not nice - To be saluted as an uncle twice. - -Why not? - - -3. If a tailor and a goose are on the top of the Monument, which is the -quickest way for the tailor to get down? - - -4. My first is almost all, so is my second, and also my whole? - - -5 - - Those who have me do not desire me, - And yet they never wish to lose me, - Those who gain me have me no longer. - - -6. Why may a barrister’s fees be said to be cheap? - - -7 - - Two brothers are we, great burdens we bear, - By which we are heavily prest: - We are full all the day to endure wear and tear, - But empty when able to rest. - - -8. Peter Portman was so proud of his small feet that a wag started the -following riddle: “Why are Portman’s feet larger than any others in his -club?” - - -9 - - There is a word of letters four, - Take two away, and four remain; - Take three away, and five before - Your eyes you see as plain as plain. - - -10 - - To one syllable adjusted, - Running on the ground, - I have two, no longer trusted, - If you turn me round. - - -11. Why is a raven like a writing desk? - - -12. What do they do with peaches in California? - - -13. What is the utmost effort ever made by a piebald horse at a high -jump? - - -14 - - “In my first my second sat, - Then my third and fourth I ate.” - - Under my first my second stood, - That’s your riddle: mine’s as good! - - -15. What are the differences between a gardener, a billiard-marker, a -precise man, and a verger? - - -16. Which can see most, a man with two eyes, or a man with one? - - -17. When you do not know the time, and “ask a policeman” what o’clock it -is, why are you like the Viceroy of India? - - -18. What is the question to which “yes” is the only possible reply? - - -19. What is that which will go up a pipe down, but will not go down a -pipe up; or will go down a pipe down, but not up a pipe up, and yet when -it has gone up a pipe or down a pipe, will go up or down? - - -20. Why was London for many years a wonderful place for carrying sound? - - -21. Why is a motor-car like swimming fish? - - -22. Who can decipher this? - - 1/6d. me a bloater. - - -23. Why is a moth flying round a candle like a garden-gate? - - -24 - - To half a dozen add half a score, - And you will plainly see - Just twenty, neither less nor more-- - Now say, how can this be? - - -25. If I caught a newt why would it be a small one? - - -26. How can a lawyer’s fee be paid with only a threepenny piece? - - -27. When does the cannon ball? - - -28. Why should children go to bed soon after tea? - - -29. Which may weigh the most, Scotsmen or Irishmen? - - -30. Why cannot we have our hair cut? - - -31. Divide a hundred and fifty by half of ten, add two-thirds of ten, -and so you will find a town. - - -32. The following riddle is from the pen and fertile brain of Archbishop -Whately, who, it is said, offered in vain £50 for its solution:-- - - When from the Ark’s capacious round - Mankind came forth in pairs, - Who was it that first heard the sound - Of steps upon the stairs? - - -33. If Moses was the son of Pharaoh’s daughter, who was the daughter of -Pharaoh’s son? - - -34. I am a word of three syllables, and in all my fulness I represent -woman. Rob me of five letters and I am a man. Take away but four, I am -woman again. Remove only three, and I resume my manhood. What am I? - - -35. A cyclist on a night journey punctures his tyre, and finds that he -has forgotten his outfit for repairs. After wheeling the disabled -machine uphill for about two miles he registers a vow. What is it? - - -36 - - Some more than the mere whole my whole contains; - Remove that whole, and some of it remains! - - -37. Why were Younghusband’s pack-horses in Thibet like up-to-date motor -cars? - - -38 - - The public credit and the public shame - Differ in everything except in name. - - -39. Why is a telescope like a miser? - - -40. If I were in the sun, and you were out of it, what would it be? - - -41 - - I’m a word of four letters akin to the snow, - Just half of my first my third letter will show. - One fifth of my fourth my first you may call, - Of my second ’tis best to say nothing at all. - - -42. What is the chief and most natural thing for politicians to desire -to do when for the time they are out in the cold, awaiting a change of -Government? - - -43. I am long lasting, beginning at my end, ending with no beginning, -and my end and my beginning between them will bring you to an end. - - -44 - - With both feet crossed sit steady on a stool, - Then uncross one, and try to find a fool. - - -A RABBIT RUN - -45. How far can a rabbit run into a square wood, with sides that each -measure a mile, if it keeps on a straight course and does not break -cover? - - -46 - - Often talked of, never seen, - Ever coming, never been, - Daily looked for, never here, - Still approaching in the rear. - Thousands for my presence wait, - But, by the decree of Fate, - Though expected to appear - They will never see me here. - - -47. I received my first because I was rash enough to say my second to my -third, when seeking re-election at my whole. - - -48 - - How is it, in this charming weather, - You and I can’t lunch together? - - -49 - - With a head, and without a head, - With a tail, and without a tail, - With a head without a tail, - With a tail without a head, - With a head and tail, - Without a head and tail. - - -50. “Ask me another,” she said, when he pressed her to name the happy -day. “I will,” he replied. “Why is the letter ‘d’ like the answer which -I seek from you?” - - -51 - -SWIFT’S RIDDLE - - Two thirds of an ass, and a hole in the ground, - Will dress you a dinner worth many a pound. - - -TOM HOOD’S RIDDLE - -52. Here is a riddle for which Tom Hood was responsible. Can you solve -it? - - Twice to thine, - Once to mine, - With Congou make a gift divine. - - -53. Hold up your hand and you will see what you never have seen, never -can see, and never will see. What is this? - - -54. Can you tell the difference between the Emperor of Russia and an -ill-shod beggar? - - -55. Why did Eden Philpotts? - - -56. We have heard much of man’s imagined connection with the monkey, -through some missing link. What evidence can we gather from early -records of, at any rate, some verbal kinship with the patient ass? - - -57. My first is gold, my second is silver, my third is copper, and my -whole is tin. - - -58. What is highest when its head is off? - - -59. What word is there of six letters which can be so read that it -claims to be spelt with only one? - - -60. If a good oyster is a native, what is a bad one? - - -61. Why is John Bright? - - -62. If I walk into a room full of people, and place a new penny upon the -table in full view of the company, what does the coin do? - - -63. Jones, who had made it, and put it into his waistcoat pocket, lost -it. Brown picked it up, and lighted his cigar with it. Then they both -went to the train in it, and ran all the way. - - -64. Why cannot a deaf and dumb man tickle nine people? - - -65. When did “London” begin with an _l_ and end with an _e_? - - -66. I sent my second to my first, but many a whole passed before he came -back to me. - - -67. Which weighs most, the new moon or the full moon? - - -68. Here is a puzzle which is unique and most remarkable, and which -seems to be impossible, though it is absolutely sound:-- - -There is an English word of more than two letters, of which “la” is the -middle, is the beginning, and is the end, though there is but one “a” -and one “l” in the word. What is it? - - -69. Why is a bee like a rook? - - -70 - -A DARK REBUS - - O - B =e= D - - -71 - -A MONKEY PUZZLER - -If a monkey is placed before a cross, why does it at once get to the -top? - - -72 - -A RIDDLE BY COWPER - - I am just two and two, warm and cold, - And the parent of numbers untold; - Lawful, unlawful, duty, fault, - Often costly, worthless bought. - A priceless boon, a matter of course, - Willingly yielded, taken by force. - -The answer has been defined as “two heads and an application.” - - -HOW’S THAT, UMPIRE? - -73. How can the Latin exhortation “Macte!” which may be roughly rendered -“Go on and prosper!” be applied at cricket to a batsman at a critical -moment? - - -BY TAPE MEASUREMENT - -74. Are you good at topography? If so, can you discover and locate, from -this description of its surroundings, a town within 30 miles of London? - -Half an inch before the trees, and half a foot and half a yard after -them, lead us to an English town. - - -75. We know how, by the addition of a single letter, our cares can be -softened into a caress; but in the following enigma a still more -contradictory result follows, without the addition or alteration of a -letter, by a mere separation of syllables:-- - - None can locate the subject of my riddle, - For all the world would seek its place in vain; - Cut it asunder almost in the middle, - And in our very midst its place is plain. - - An aching void, an absolute negation, - Into the opposite extreme it breaks; - With just a gap to mark their new relation - Each letter still the same position takes. - - -76. MULTUM IN PARVO - -What two letters describe in nine letters the position of one who has -been left alone in his extremity? - - -77. A CHANGE OF SEX - -“Oh! would I were a man,” cried a schoolmistress, “that I might always -teach boys.” - -We boys overheard her, and placed her with us. What did we thus turn her -into? - - -78. A STRIKING MATCH PUZZLE - -How can you make a Maltese cross with less than twelve unbent and -unbroken matches? - - -79 - -Have we any reason to suppose that in very early times there were less -vowels than we have now? - - -80. A FRENCH RIDDLE - -As Susette was sitting in the cool shadow of an olive grove at Mentone, -Henri came up and said to her, with his best bow, “Je sais que vous -n’avez pas mon premier, mais que vous êtes mon second, et je vous -donnerai mon tout!” What did he hold out to her? - - -81 - -On a church close to an old ruined priory, near Lewes, there is a -weathercock in the shape of a fish, probably an emblem of the faith. -What moral lesson does this relic of early days convey to us? - - -82 - - Take five from half of ten, - Set fifty in the middle, - Add twice five hundred then - To finish up the riddle, - And make it with your pen - As fit as any fiddle. - - -83. A PARADOX - -“For the want of water we drank water, and if we had had water we should -have drank wine.” - -Who can have said this, and what did they mean? - - -84. WHAT IS IT? - - The poor have two, the rich have none, - Millions have many, you have one. - - -85 - - A thousand and one, - And a sixth part of twenty; - Some may have none, - But others have plenty! - - -86. GREAT SCOTT! - - “Charge, Chester, charge! on, Stanley, on!” - Were the last words of Marmion. - Now, had I been in Stanley’s place - When Marmion urged him to the chase, - You would have thought, unless you knew, - That Scottish fray was Irish stew! - -Shade of Sir Walter! What does all this mean? - - -87 - - I may be half of ten, - I may be nearly nine; - If eight contains me then - Two-thirds of six are mine. - A third of one, a fourth of four, - I am an eighth of many more. - - -88. QUITE A BEATITUDE - - Let her be, or beat her, - Give her little ease; - Then in safety seat her - All among the bees. - - -89 - - Sharpen your wits till they are keen, - Then see if you can guess - What word it is that I have seen, - And spell it with an s! - - -90. RATHER PERSONAL - - Take part of a foot, - And with judgment transpose. - You will find that you have it - Just under your nose. - - -NUTS TO CRACK - - -CRAZY LOGIC - -1. Can you prove, by what we may call crazy logic, that madman is equal -to madam? - - -A BIT OF BOTANY - -2. A rat with its teeth in the webbed feet of its prey was what the -squirrel saw one summer’s day, when he ran down from the tree-tops for a -cool drink in the pond below his nest. Can you find out from this the -name of the water-plant that was floating in the shade? - - -SIX SUNKEN ISLANDS - - 3. He set down the answer to that sum at random. - By bold policy Prussia became a leading power. - A great taste for mosaic has arisen lately. - The glad news was swiftly borne over England. - At dusk, year after year, the old man rambled home. - The children cried, hearing such dismal tales. - -In each of these lines the name of an island is buried. - - -BURIED GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES - -4. We could hide a light royal boat with a man or two; the skipper, -though, came to a bad end. - -In this short sentence seven geographical names are buried, formed by -consecutive letters, which are parts always of more than one word. Can -you dig them out? - - -A TRANSPOSITION - -5. What can you make of this? The letters are jumbled, but the words are -in due order. - - Eltsheothwoedlaniscimtyyesrmh - Tsihptsnrtoniaisoetcra; - Ndaothetdandartssdensitemeb - Ehcatreeltnisitlpace. - - -6 - -ALL IN A ROW - - Three little articles all in a line - Lead to a thousand, expressing, - If with another all these you combine - What can be never a blessing. - - -7 - -ASK A POLICEMAN - - Ask a policeman, possibly he knows, - In uniformed array. - If not, an added letter plainly shows - How little he can say. - - -8 - -RULING LETTERS - - We rule the world, we letters five, - We rule the world, we do; - And of our number three contrive - To rule the other two. - - -MIND YOUR STOPS - -9. How would you punctuate the following sentence? - -Maud like the pretty girl that she was went for a walk in the meadows. - - -10. ANSWER BY ECHO - - What were they who paid three guineas - To hear a tune of Paganini’s? - - -11. BREAKING A RECORD - -Only eight different letters are used in the construction of this -verse:-- - - Sad as the saddest end is his, - He hath insensate died. - He sinned, and that his Satan is - That standeth at his side. - -Wishing to break this record, we have put together a rhyming verse of -similar length, in which only _five_ letters are used. They are these: - - (18 times) ^eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee^. - (20 times) ^nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn^. - (18 times) ^tttttttttttttttttt^. - (16 times) ^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^. - (15 times) ^sssssssssssssss^. - - -12. A CATCH SENTENCE - -If is is not is and is not is is what is it is not is and what is it is -is not if is not is is? Can you punctuate this so that it has meaning? - - -13. CATCHING A HINT - -Passing one day by train through a station I caught sight of two words -upon a large advertisement, which seemed cut out for puzzle purposes; -and before long I had framed the following riddle: - -Bisect my first, transpose its first half, and between this and its -second half insert what remains if you take my second from my first. The -result is as good to eat as my first and second are to drink. - - -14. IS IT GRAMMAR? - -It is difficult at first sight to grasp the meaning of this apparently -simple sentence:--“Time flies you cannot they pass at such irregular -intervals.” How does it read? - - -15. ROYAL MEMORIES - -In Queen Victoria’s Jubilee year I went to the South Kensington Museum. -As I entered, looking at my watch, I thought of the good Queen. After -some hours of quiet enjoyment I came away, again looking at my watch, -and was reminded that the Prince Consort was not alive to share the -Jubilee joys. At what time, and for how long was I in the Museum? - - -16. A SEASONABLE MOTTO - - CCC - --- - SAW - - -17. AN OLD LATIN LEGEND - - +------------------+ - | AMANS TAM ERAT | - | HI DESINT HERO | - |AD DIGITO UT MANDO| - +------------------+ - -What is the interpretation? - - -18. THINGS ARE NOT WHAT THEY SEEM - -Does the following statement imply that there is a curative virtue in -rose-coloured rays? - - “I know that roseate hues preserve.” - - -19. DOCTOR FELL - - “Keep the patients warm and quiet; - Solids are not well; - Let all sops be now their diet,” - So said Doctor Fell. - -To what objection was this diet open? - - -20. DISLOCATED WORDS - -These thirty-six letters form an English sentence:-- - - SAR BAB SAR BAB SAR BAB - SAR BAB SAR BAB SAR ARA - -What can it be? - - -21. BROAD WILTSHIRE - - “Igineyvartydreevriswutts.” - -Can you interpret this sentence, spoken by a sturdy farmer in the corn -market? - - -22. FIND A RHYME - -Try to find a rhyme to Chrysanthemum. - - -23. ABOUT THE EGGS - -Did you hear that pathetic tale of the three eggs? - - -24. AN ANCIENT LEGEND - - +--------------+ - |Doun tooth ers| - | A sy | - | Ouw ould bed | - | One by. | - +--------------+ - - -25. A FAMILY PARTY - -HERE LIE - - Two grandmothers, and their two granddaughters; - Two husbands, and their two wives; - Two fathers, and their two daughters; - Two mothers, and their two sons; - Two maidens, and their two mothers; - Two sisters, and their two brothers; - Yet but ---- in all lie buried here. - -How many does the ---- represent? - - -26. A SIMPLE CHARM - -A superstitious couple in the country who heard mysterious noises at -night in their house, sought the advice of a “wise woman” in the -neighbourhood. She gave them on paper the following charm, which would, -she assured them, counteract their evil star, and solve the mystery:-- - - ground - turn evil star. - -What was its significance? - - -27. MADE IN FRANCE - - We are five varied vowels of foreign sound, - Supported by one consonant between us. - Three letters now in four, where may be found - Another trio, quite a silly genus. - - -28. A PARADOX - - What in his mind no man can find - Four symbols will display; - But only one remains behind - If one we take away. - - -29. THE BARBER’S JOKE - -A barber placed prominently in his window the following notice:-- - - What do you think - I will shave you for nothing and give you a drink. - -Attracted by this, a man went into the shop, and was shaved, but instead -of receiving any liquid refreshment, he was surprised by a demand for -the usual payment. - -What was the barber’s explanation? - - -30. A FLIGHT OF FANCY - - +-------------------------+ - | G E N U I N E J A M | - | A | - | I C A R U M. | - +-------------------------+ - -This label, said to have been found among the ruins of old Rome, seems -to bear a very early reference to the birth of Icarus, the flying man; -or perhaps to some flying machine named after him, but not yet -perfected. Can this be so? - - -31. A SPELL - - Two _c_’s, an _h_, an _n_, a _p_, - Three _a_’s, a _u_, an _i_, an _e_, - Tell us what English word are we? - - -32. JOHNSON’S CAT - - Johnson’s cat went up a tree, - Which was sixty feet and three; - Every day she climbed eleven, - Every night she came down seven. - Tell me, if she did not drop, - When her paws would touch the top. - - -33. THE EXPANDING NINES - -Some of us may perhaps remember Titania’s promise to Bottom in _A -Midsummer Night’s Dream_: - - “I have a venturous fairy, that shall seek - The squirrel’s hoard, and fetch thee new nuts.” - -Here is a little puzzle so fresh and curious that it will tempt the -fancy of those who find it added to our hoard: - - A third of six behind them fix, - A third of six before; - Thus make two nines, when all combines, - Exactly fifty-four. - - -34. ACROSS THE MOAT - -Form a square with four matches. Outside this, at an equal distance all -round, form another square with twelve matches, just so far away that -the space between them cannot be spanned by a match. With two matches -only, form a firm bridge from the outer to the inner square. - - -35. IS IT BANTING? - - We start when the ninth hour is past, - Then there’s an end of you. - A vengeful goddess shows at last - What antifat will do. - - -36. QUITE A FAMILY PARTY - -The telephone-bell roused Mrs P.W. from her after-luncheon nap, and her -husband’s voice came to her ears, from his office in the city:--“I am -bringing home to dinner my father’s brother-in-law, my brother’s -father-in-law, my father-in-law’s brother, and my brother-in-law’s -father.” - -“Right!” she replied, knowing his quaint ways, “I shall be prepared.” -For how many guests did she provide? - - -37. THE WILY WAYFARER - -“Give me as much money as I have in my hand,” said Will Slimly to the -landlord of a country inn, “and I will spend sixpence with you.” This -was done, and repeated twice with the cash that was still in hand, and -then the traveller was penniless. How much had he at first, and how much -did the landlord contribute to Will’s refreshment? - - -38. A CLEVER CONSTRUCTION - -How can four triangles of equal size be formed with six similar matches? - - -39. A KNOTTY POINT - - When first the marriage knot was tied - Between my wife and me, - My age as oft repeated hers - As three times three does three; - - But when ten years and half ten years - We man and wife had been, - Her age came then as near to mine - As eight does to sixteen. - What age was hers, what age was mine, - When we were wed, from this divine. - - -40. A DIVISION SUM - -“Take this half-crown,” said the vicar at a village festival, “and -divide it equally between those two fathers and their two sons, but give -nothing of less value than a penny to either of them.” - -The schoolboy, who was a sharp lad, changed the half-crown, and divided -it equally among them. How was this possible? - - -41. A CROOKED ANSWER - -Tom (_yawning_) to Nell--“I wish we could play lawn-tennis!” - -Nell (_annoyed_).--“Odioso ni mus rem. Moto ima os illud nam?” - -Can you make head or tail, in Latin or in English, of her reply? - - -42. THE PEELER’S SMILE - -Two policemen stood behind a hedge, watching for motor-car scorchers. -One looked up the road, the other looked down it, so as to command both -directions. - -“Bill,” said one, without turning his head, “what are you smiling at?” -How could he tell that his mate was smiling? - - -43. THE NIMBLE NINES - - Twenty-seven with three nines - You and I can score; - Anyone one on other lines - Can extend them more. - Who can write them to be seen - Equal only to sixteen? - - -44. A TRYING SENTENCE - -That that is is that that is not is not is not that it it is. - - -45. SHORT AND SWEET - -What is this? - - A L L O. - - -46. SUPPLY THE CONSONANTS - -AN ENGLISH PROVERB - - i e a o a a a e a a i - - -47. IT LOOKS BLACK - - | | | | | | | | | | | | | - -Add thirteen more strokes, and make--what? - - -48. THE CORONER’S CHOICE - -Can a coroner, after signing his name, write his official position in -more ways than one? - - -HOW MANY PIPS? - -Here is a good and simple card trick. Ask anyone to choose three cards -from a pack, and to place them face downwards on the table. Then, -beginning to count with the number of pips on each card laid down, let -him place other cards upon these, one heap at a time, until in every -case he counts up to 15, adding mentally 1 as he places down each card. - -When he has completed the three heaps, take from him the remaining -cards, and count them. Their number, less 4, will always be the number -of pips on the three chosen cards. An ace counts 11, and a court card -10. - -Thus, if he has chosen a 7, a 10, and an ace (11), he must cap these -with 8, 5, and 4 cards respectively. There will then be 32 cards left, -and 32 - 4 = 28, which is the sum of 7, 10, and 11. - - -ROUND THE MONKEY - -Now for a few words about an old friend, familiar to most of us. If a -monkey sits on a post holding one end of a string, and continually moves -to face a man who holds the other end, and who walks round the post, -does that man walk round the monkey? - -R. A. Proctor, the astronomer, treated the question thus, some years ago -in _Knowledge_:--“In what way does going round a thing imply seeing -every side of it? Suppose a man shut his eyes, would that make any -difference? Or suppose the man stood still, and the monkey turned round, -so as to show the man its front and back, would the stationary man have -gone round the monkey?” - -We commend this ancient and puzzling subject of controversy to our -readers. Our own opinion is that the man _does_ walk round the monkey, -in the commonly accepted meaning of the words, but “who shall decide -when doctors disagree?” - - -BURIED ANIMALS - -Here are a few cleverly buried animals: - -“Come hither, mine friend,” said the monk, eyeing him kindly, “be a very -good boy, step through the furze bravely, and seek the lost riches.” - - _Ermine_; _monkey_; _beaver_; _zebra_; _ostrich_. - -We, as electricians, proclaim the electric motor cab a boon to London. - - _Weasel_; _baboon_. - - -QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED - - What could not the cruet stand? - Seeing an apostle spoon. - - Why did the barmaid champagne? - Because the stout porter bitter. - - -A TABLE OF AFFINITY - -When it was reported that M. de Lesseps and his son were to marry -sisters, the _Rappel_ suggested these possible complications. Lesseps -the younger will be his father’s brother-in-law, and his wife will be -her own sister’s sister-in-law. - -If Lesseps the elder has a son, and Lesseps the younger has a daughter, -and these marry, then the daughter of Lesseps the younger will be her -father’s sister-in-law, and the son of Lesseps the elder will be the -son-in-law of his brother. The son of the second marriage will have two -grandfathers, Lesseps the elder and the younger, so that old Lesseps -will become his own son’s brother. - - -MARY QUITE CONTRARY - - Mary had a little lamb, - With feet as black as soot; - And into Mary’s bread and milk - He put his little foot. - Now Mary was an honest girl, - And scorned a hollow sham; - So the one word that Mary said - Was mother to the lamb! - - -MACARONIC VERSE - -LATIN - - “Is acer,” sed jacto his mas ter at te, - “Cantu passus sum jam?” “Notabit,” anser de; - “Mi jam potis empti, solis tento me, - For uva da lotas i vere vel se!” - -ENGLISH - - “I say, sir,” said Jack to his master at tea, - “Can’t you pass us some jam?” “Not a bit,” answered he, - “My jam pot is empty, so listen to me, - For you’ve had a lot as I very well see!” - - -HAM SANDWICHES - -We most of us know the good old double-barrelled riddle, “Why need we -never starve in the desert?” “Because of the sand which is there.” “How -did the sandwiches get there?” “Ham settled there, and his descendants -bred and mustered.” This clever metrical solution is by Archbishop -Whately:-- - - A traveller o’er the desert wild - Should ne’er let want confound him, - For he at any time can eat - The sand which is around him. - It might seem strange that he should find - Such palatable fare, - Did we not know the sons of Ham - Were bred and mustered there. - - -A GOOD MOTTO - -We know that Latin motto, with its clever double meaning, suggested for -a retired tobacconist, “_Quid rides_”--why do you smile?--or _quid_ -rides. Here is another, proposed many years ago, for a doctor of -indifferent repute:-- - - Take some device in your own way, - Neither too solemn, nor too gay; - Three ducks suppose, white, grey, and black, - And let your motto be “Quack! Quack!” - - -ON ONE NOTT - - There was a man who was Nott born, - His sire was Nott before him; - He did Nott live, he did Nott die, - His tombstone was Nott o’er him. - - -ON JOHN SO - - So died John So, - So, so, did he so? - So did he live, and So did he die, - So, so, did he so? - So let him lie! - - -STRANGE SIGHTS - -The importance of proper punctuation is very happily illustrated by the -following lines:-- - - I saw a peacock with a fiery tail - I saw a blazing comet pour down hail - I saw a cloud enwrapped with ivy round - I saw an oak tree swallow up a whale - I saw the boundless sea brimful of ale - I saw a Venice glass fifteen feet deep - I saw a well full of mens’ tears that weep - I saw wet eyes among the things that I saw - Were no sore eyes nor any other eye-sore. - - -A QUAINT INSCRIPTION - -There is a curiously constructed inscription over the door of the -cloister of the Convent of the Carmelites at Caen, which runs thus:-- - - D di Si scap ac ab as - um vus mon ulare cepit tris. - T sæ Dæ ul in in an - -The lines are in honour of one Simon Stock of that order, and they may -be freely rendered:-- - - W ho Si first beg pr - hen ly mon an his eaching. - T wi De howled to sc t - - -NONSENSE VERSE - - -IMPROMPTU, BY AN OLD DIVINE - - If down his throat a man should choose - In fun to jump or slide, - He’d scrape his shoes against his teeth, - Nor soil his own inside. - Or if his teeth were lost and gone, - And not a stump to scrape upon, - He’d see at once how very pat - His tongue lay there by way of mat, - And he would wipe his feet on that! - - -EDGAR POE’S RIDDLE - -Edgar A. Poe addressed the following puzzle-valentine to a lady, adding, -“You will not read the riddle, though you do the best you can do:”-- - - For her this rhyme is penned whose luminous eyes, - Brightly expressive as the twins of Leda, - Shall find her own sweet name, that nestling lies - Upon the page, enwrapped from every reader. - Search narrowly the lines--they hold a treasure - Divine--a talisman--an amulet - That must be worn at heart. Search well the measure. - -The first letter of the first line, the second of the second, the third -of the third, and so on spell the lady’s name--Frances. - - -AN ILLUSION OF TYPE - -A curious optical illusion is illustrated by printing a row of ordinary -capital letters and figures which are symmetrical, thus:-- - -[Illustration: SSSSSXXXXX3333388888] - -If we glance at them casually it does not strike us that their upper -parts are smaller than the lower, but if we turn the paper upside down -we are at once surprised to see how marked the difference really is. - - -AN EXCHANGE OF COMPLIMENTS - - At a tavern one night - Messrs More, Strange, and Wright - Met, good cheer and good thoughts to exchange. - Says More, “Of us three - The whole town will agree - There is only one knave, and that’s _Strange_!” - - “Yes,” says Strange, rather sore, - “I’m sure there’s one _More_, - A most terrible knave, and a bite, - Who cheated his mother, - His sister, and brother.” - “Oh yes,” replied More, “that is _Wright_!” - - -ΗΚΙΣΤΑ ΛΙΨ - -HE KISSED HER LIPS - -(_According to the daily Press, a good old-fashioned kiss lately lost -favour in some quarters._) - - Though a billiard player’s miss - Cannot meet or make a kiss; - Though a modern school of misses - Be not in the cue for kisses; - Chloe’s lips are not amiss, - Kismet! _I have_ met a kiss. - - -QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED - -We must not fail to register these two Questions Well Answered, which it -is hard to match for excellence:-- - -Q.--Why did the fly fly? - -A.--Because the spider spied her! - -And - -Q.--Why did the lobster blush? - -A.--Because it saw the salad dressing! - -The following puzzling lines were the outburst of the wanton wit of a -lover, in his effort to play off one lady against another, and so retain -two strings to his bow:-- - - I don’t want the one that I don’t want to know - That I want the one that I want; - But the one that I do want wants me to go - And give up the one I don’t want. - - Why I don’t want the one that I don’t want to know - That I want the one that I want, - Is because, if the one that I want can’t be so, - I shall want the one I don’t want. - -Charles Lamb was responsible for the following ingenious perversion of -words, when the Whig associates of the Prince Regent were sore at not -obtaining office:-- - - Ye politicians tell me pray - Why thus with woe and care rent? - This is the worst that you can say, - Some wind has blown the wig away, - And left the hair apparent! - -We may assume that this was the germ of the riddle “What is the -difference between the Prince of Wales, a bald-headed man, and a -monkey?” One is the _heir-apparent_, the second has no _hair apparent_, -and the third is a _hairy parent_. - - -GRAMMAR OF A SORT - - When is whiskey an adverb? - _When it qualifies water._ - When does a cow become a pronoun? - _When it stands for Mary._ - -Can the conjunction “and” be used otherwise than as a connecting link? - -Yes, as in the puzzle sentence, “It was and I said not or,” which, if no -comma is placed after “said,” no one can read easily at sight. - - -A TONGUE TWISTER - -The tragedy “William Tell” was to be played many years ago at the old -Drury Lane Theatre, and an actor, familiarly known as Will, asked the -exponent of the part of Tell, on the eve of its production, whether he -thought the play would tell with the critics and the public. - -The following question and answer passed between them, in which only two -different words were used, in an intelligible sequence of twenty-five -words:-- - -_Will._--“The question has arisen Tell, ‘will Will Tell tell?’ Will Tell -tell Will ‘will Will Tell tell?’” - -_Tell._--“Tell _will_ tell Will ‘will Will Tell tell?’ ‘Will Tell _will_ -tell!’” - - -THE LADY AND THE TIGER - -Many of our readers will enjoy this very clever rendering of a -well-known Limerick:-- - - There was a young lady of Riga, - Who smiled as she rode on a tiger. - They returned from the ride - With the lady inside, - And the smile on the face of the tiger! - - Puella Rigensis ridebat, - Quam tigris in tergo vehebat; - Externa profecta, - Interna revecta, - Sed risus cum tigre manebat! - - -ANOTHER TONGUE TWISTER - - Six sieves of sifted thistles, - Six sieves of unsifted thistles, - And six thistle sifters. - -To be repeated six times rapidly and articulately. - - -NOVEL DEFINITION OF A MAN’S HAT - -Darkness that may be felt. - - -IS IT LATIN? - -The following cryptic notice was posted recently on the green baize -notice-board of a West-End Club:-- - - O nec ango in ab illi - Ardor pyram id contestata - Potor ac an non. - Si deis puto nat times - Ora res tu sed. - -For some time its message was a mystery, until the sharp eyes of a -member deciphered in what seemed to be real Latin, and was made up of -Latin words, this English sentence, appropriate to the place:--“One can -go in a billiard or pyramid contest at a pot or a cannon. Side is put on -at times, or a rest used.” - - -FOR THE CHILDREN - -A QUESTION - - How much wood would a wood-chuck chuck, - If a wood-chuck could chuck wood? - -THE REPLY - - The wood that a wood-chuck would chuck - Is the wood that a wood chuck could chuck, - If the wood-chuck that could chuck would chuck, - Or a wood-chuck could chuck wood! - - -A QUAINT CONCEIT - - The Capitol was saved of old - By geese with noisy bill; - More sage than silly, birds so bold - Should have a mission still. - - Time was when roving on the loose, - A goose would raise my dander; - But now I feel each proper goose - Should have her propaganda! - - -A LACK OF HOPS! - -A man fond of his joke, and speaking of Lenten fare to a friend in a -letter, wrote:-- - - I had a fish - In a dish - From an Archbish---- - -leaving it to his ingenuity to complete the broken line. The reply was a -clever solution to the puzzle:-- - - I had a fish - In a dish - From an Archbish---- - ’Op is not here - For he gave me no beer! - - -FOR THE CHILDREN - -The following simple calculation will be amusing to children:--If an -even number of coins or sweets are held in one hand, and an odd number -in the other, let the holder multiply those in the right hand by 2, and -those in the left hand by 3, and add together the two results. If this -is an even quantity the coins or sweets in the right hand are even, and -in the left odd; if it is odd the contrary is the case. - - -PETER PIPER’S WIFE - -(_To be read or said rapidly._) - - Betty bit a bit o’ butter, - Bitter bit! - But a better bit o’ butter - Betty bit! - - -PHONETIC VERSE - -“_A haunt each mermaid knows_” - - Eh horn teach myrrh made nose, - Buy seize wear awl groat ales; - Hear chilled wrens port inn rose, - Seek your gain steals oar wails. - - Sum son there yell oh hare, - Sums whim threw sigh leant baize; - Sow form sand fay says fare - Shy never knight sand daze. - - -PORSON’S EPIGRAM - -Porson wrote a Latin epigram on a Fellow of one of the Colleges who -always pronounced the _a_ of Euphrates short. This was wittily -translated thus:-- - - With fear on the Euphrates shore - The wild waves made him shiver. - But he thought to pass more quickly o’er, - So he _abridged_--the river! - - -ALL THE ALPHABET - -All the letters of the alphabet are used in these lines, which have such -an easy flow:-- - - “God gives the grazing ox his meat, - And quickly hears the sheep’s, low cry. - But man, who tastes his finest wheat, - Should joy to lift His praises high.” - - -A FRENCH TONGUE TWISTER - -A French mother, as she gives to her child a cup of tea to allay its -cough, says:-- - - “Ton thé t’a-t-il oté ta toux?” - - (Thy tea, has it removed thy cough?) - -This sentence, repeated rapidly, is warranted to tire the nimblest -tongue. - - -QUEER QUESTIONS AND QUAINT REPLIES - - Why does the cannon ball? - Because the Vickers Maxim - (the vicar smacks him!) - Why is the river Itchen? - Because there is a current in its bed. - - -WAS IT SCANDAL? - -Dick and Harry meet in a dim hotel passage:-- - - _Dick._--Did you hear that story about No. 288? - - _Harry_ (_all ears_).--No; what was it? - - _Dick._--Oh, it’s too gross, too gross entirely! - - _Harry._--Tell away. I’ll try to stand it. - - _Dick._--Well; 288 _is_ two gross, isn’t it? - - -AN INCONSEQUENT ECHO - -Byron in his “Bride of Abydos” is responsible for the following -strangely inconsequent echo:-- - - Hark to the hurried question of Despair, - “Where is my child?” and Echo answers, - “Where?” - -A well-conducted echo would assuredly have seconded the cry of Despair -by repeating the final syllables “my child!” - - -AN APPROPRIATE ANSWER - - Why did the Razorbill raise her bill? - To let the sea urchin see her chin! - - -CRICKET LATIN - - Bene audax. - _Well bowled!_ - - -MACARONIC VERSE - -Here is a modern specimen of Macaronic verse:-- - - Luce metat ipse sutor - (Cantas Orci madentes!) - “Qua forum an empti putor - Potor tria quarto pes!” - -Which reads into English thus:-- - - Lucy met a tipsy suitor - (Can’t a saucy maiden tease!) - “Quaff o’ rum an empty pewter - Pot, or try a quart o’ peas!” - - -MACARONIC PROSE - - -LATIN - -Puris agem, suetis a sylva bella vi olet indue mos is pura sueta far, -amar vel verre ex que sit. - - -ENGLISH READING - -Pure is a gem, sweet is a silver bell, a violet in dewy moss is purer, -sweeter far, a marvel very exquisite. - - -THE LONG AND THE SHORT OF IT - -These quaint lines were once addressed to a very tall barrister, named -Long, when he was briefless:-- - - “Longè longorum longissime, Longe, virorum, - Dic mihi, te quæso, num Breve quicquid habes?” - - -MOORE’S RIDDLE - -Thomas Moore, the poet, is responsible for the following rude riddle, -and its reply:-- - -Why is a pump like Viscount Castlereagh? - - Because it is a slender thing of wood, - That up and down its awkward arms doth sway, - And coolly spout, and spout, and spout away, - In one weak, washy, everlasting flood! - - -BIGGAR AND BIGGER - -Mrs Biggar had a baby. Which was the bigger? The baby was a little -Biggar! - -Which was the bigger, Mr Biggar or the baby? Mr Biggar was father -Biggar! - -Mr Biggar died; was the baby then bigger than Mrs Biggar? No, for the -baby was fatherless! - - -MAGIC CARD SQUARE - -Place the sixteen court cards from an ordinary pack in the form of a -square, so arranged that no row, no column, and neither of the diagonals -shall contain more than one card of each suit, and one of each rank. - -As the solution presents no difficulty, but merely calls for patience -and attention, we will leave it to the ingenuity of our readers. - - -THE ANNO DOMINI PUZZLE - -A Scottish tradesman had made, as he supposed, about £4,000, but his old -clerk produced a balance-sheet which plainly showed £6,000 to his -credit. It came upon the old gentleman as quite a disappointing shock -when presently the puzzle was solved by the discovery that in the -addition the year of Our Lord had been taken into account! - - -A PUBLIC SINK - -The following ingenious play upon words dates from the days when a -promise was made that the Thames pollution should cease in five years:-- - - In shorter time, kind sir, contrive - To purify our drink; - For while your figure is a Five - Our river is a Cinq! - - -ENGLISH AS SHE IS SPOKE - -“Mr Smith presents his compliments to Mr Brown, and I have got a hat -that is not his, and he has got a hat that is not yours, so no doubt -they are the expectant ones!” - - -PICKING FROM _PUNCH_ - -This play upon words appeared many years ago in the pages of _Punch_, -and is worth preserving:-- - - To win the maid the poet tries, - And sonnets writes to Julia’s eyes. - She likes a verse, but, cruel whim, - She still remains _averse_ to him. - - -FRENCH ALLITERATION - -“Si six scies scient six cigares, six cent six scies scient six cent six -cigares.” - -_To be said trippingly without a trip._ - -If 6 saws cut 6 cigars, 606 saws cut 606 cigars. - - -MIND YOUR STOPS! - -Here is a good illustration of the nonsense that may easily result from -the misuse of punctuation:-- - - Every lady in the land - Has twenty nails on each hand; - Five and twenty on hands and feet, - This is true without deceit. - - -A NOVEL DERIVATION - -“Yes,” said an Eton captain of the boats to his uncle, the admiral, “I -can quite believe that the British Jack Tar takes his name from that -Latin verb, which is so suggestive of a life on the ocean wave, -_jactari_, to be tossed about.” - - -AN AERATED BISHOP - -A bishop of Sodor and Man found himself entered in the visitor’s book of -a French hotel as “L’évêque du siphon et de l’homme!” - - -A HAPPY THOUGHT - - They cannot be complete in aught - Who are not humourously prone; - A man without a merry thought - Can hardly have a funny bone. - - -OUGH! - - Though the tough cough and hiccough - Make me hoarse, - Through life’s dark lough I plough - My patient course. - - -CUM GRANO SALIS - - I know Eno, you know too, - Fact is we all three know. - We know Eno, he knows you. - You know I know Eno! - - -OLD AND SOUND ADVICE - -NICHOLAS, 1828. - - He who a watch would wear - This must he do; - Pocket his watch, and watch - His pocket too! - - -COLD-DRAWN CONCLUSIONS - -Why is a lame dog like a blotting-pad? - - A lame dog is a slow pup. - - A slope up is an inclined plane. - - An ink-lined plane is a blotting-pad! - - -THE LAST OF MARY - - Mary had a little lamp, - Filled with benzoline; - Tried to light it at the fire, - Has not since benzine! - - -A BURIED WORD - -It is difficult to imagine that the very incarnation of what is wild and -forbidding is buried in those words of peace and promise, “On Christmas -Eve you rang out Angel peals,” until we find in them the consecutive -letters “ourangoutang!” - - -EVE’S APPLE - -How many apples were eaten by Adam and Eve? We know that Eve 81, and -that Adam 812, total 893. But Adam 8142 please his wife, and Eve 81242 -please Adam, total 89,384. Then again Eve 814240 fy herself, and Adam -8124240 fy himself, total 8,938,480! - - -U C I D K - -(_You see I decay!_) - - “Surely, good sir, you follow me? - It is as plain as A B C.” - “Repeat it in a treble clef, - For I am rather D E F!” - - -BURIED BY ACCIDENT - -Quite unconscious that he was burying a cat in his melodious lines Moore -wrote:-- - - “How sweet the answer Echo makes - To music at night...!” - - -A LAWYER’S PROPOSAL - - Fee simple and the simple fee, - And all the fees in tail, - Are nothing when compared with thee, - Thou best of fees, fe-male! - - -A BROAD GRIN - -“Sesquipedalia verba,” words a foot and a half long, were condemned by -Horace in his “Ars Poetica.” Had he known English, what would he have -said of “smiles,” a word so long that there is a mile between its first -and last letters? - - -SWISS HUMOUR - -A Swiss lad asked me, as I stopped quite breathless on an Alpine height, -“Do you prefer ‘monter’ to ‘descendre?’” I declared a preference for -downhill, but he most convincingly replied, “I prefer ‘mon thé’ to ‘des -cendres!’” (my tea to cinders). - - -QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED - - Why did the penny stamp? - _Because the threepenny bit._ - Why did the sausage roll? - _Because it saw the apple turn-over._ - - -MEN OF LETTERS - - A budding author something new - Submitting, signed himself X Q. - The editor the essay read, - And begged he might be X Q Z! - - -PUZZLES ON THE PAVEMENT - -An angry street arab, who seems to have caught the infection of our -letter puzzles, was heard recently to call out to a gutter-snipe, “You -are a fifty-one ar!” (LIAR.) - - -PHONETIC ANSWERS - -Why may you pick an artist’s pocket?--Because he has _pictures_. - -What is the solace for a mind deprest?--_Deep rest_. - - -A FLIGHT OF FANCY - - There was a man from Yankeeland - Who round a walnut tree - Did run so fast--that lissome man-- - His own back he could see! - - -BURNS IN SABOTS - - “Guigne a beau de qui sabot de - Nid a beau de t’elle?” - - -DOG LATIN - -Here are all the elements of a rat hunt, expressed in Latin words:--“Sit -stillabit,” sed amanto hiscat, “sta redde, sum misi feror arat trito -unda minus, solet me terna ferret in micat.” They read into English, if -differently pointed, thus:--Sit still a bit, said a man to his cat, stay -ready, some mice I fear, or a rat try to undermine us, so let me turn a -ferret in, my cat. - - -EARLY RITUAL - -It is said that at first Adam thought Eve angelical, but there came a -time when they both took to vestments. - - -LEST WE FORGET - -If a man says that he forgets what he does not wish to remember, does he -mean to say that he does not remember what it is that he wishes to -forget; or that he is able to forget that which he does not wish to -remember? - - -QUAINT ANGLO-FRENCH QUESTION AND REPLY - - Pas qu’il ma, ou qu’il pas? - - _Marwood!_ - - -SOME POPULAR DEFINITIONS - - _Cricket._ _Lawn Tennis._ _Football._ - Lords Ladies Legs - Stumps Jumps Bumps. - - -REAL DOG LATIN - - Pax in bello. - - _The dogs of war._ - - -A QUAINT EPITAPH - - Here in S X I lies. - Killed by X S I dies. - - -A PHONETIC REPLY - -What is the French for teetotaler?--Thé tout à l’heure! - - -A FREE RENDERING - - Varietas pro Rege. - - _Change for a sovereign!_ - - -A FREE TRANSLATION - - “Splendide mendax.” - - Lying in State. - - -A WORD AND A BLOW - -When Dunlop, in playful mood, said that no one could make a good pun on -his name, a smart bystander at once exclaimed, “Lop off the end, and the -thing is done!” - - -DOG LATIN (FOR SCHOOLBOYS) - -Mitte meos super omnes ad candam aut esse homines mortui. - -The Dog Latin may be rendered thus: “Send my overalls to the tailor to -be mended.” - - -HIS L. E. G. - -Some printer’s devil must have been at work when the proof-reader found -“The Legend of the Cid,” set up in type as “The leg end of the Kid!” - - -SOLUTIONS - - -No. V.--THE MAKING OF A MAGIC SQUARE - -The perfect Magic Square, for which we have given the construction of -two preparatory squares, is formed by placing one of these over the -other, so that the numbers in their corresponding cells combine, as is -shown below. - -PREPARATORY SQUARE NO. 1. - - * - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 1| 3| 5| 2| 4| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 5| 2| 4| 1| 3| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 4| 1| 3| 5| 2| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 3| 5| 2| 4| 1| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 2| 4| 1| 3| 5| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - -PREPARATORY SQUARE NO. 2. - - * - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 5|15| 0|10|20| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |10|20| 5|15| 0| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |15| 0|10|20| 5| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |20| 5|15| 0|10| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 0|10|20| 5|15| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - -THE PERFECT MAGIC SQUARE. - - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 6|18| 5|12|24| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |15|22| 9|16| 3| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |19| 1|13|25| 7| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - |23|10|17| 4|11| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - | 2|14|21| 8|20| - +--+--+--+--+--+ - -No less than 57,600 Magic Squares can be formed with twenty-five cells -by varying the arrangement of these same figures, but not many are so -perfect as our specimen, in which sixty-five can be counted in -forty-two ways. These comprise each horizontal row; each perpendicular -row; main diagonals; blended diagonals from every corner (such as 6, -with 14, 17, 25, 3; or 15, 18, with 21, 4, 7); centre with any four -equidistant in outer cells; any perfect St George’s cross (such as 18, -22, 1, 15, 9); and any perfect St Andrew’s cross (such as 6, 22, 13, 5, -19). - - -No. XII.--A CENTURY OF CELLS - -Here is the solution of the ingenious Magic Square of 100 cells with 36 -cells unfilled. The rows, columns, and diagonals all add up to 505. - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |91| 2| 3|97| 6|95|94| 8| 9|100| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |20|82|83|17|16|15|14|88|89| 81| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |21|72|73|74|25|26|27|78|79| 30| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |60|39|38|64|66|65|67|33|32| 41| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |50|49|48|57|55|56|54|43|42| 51| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |61|59|58|47|45|46|44|53|52| 40| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |31|69|68|34|35|36|37|63|62| 70| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |80|22|23|24|75|76|77|28|29| 71| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - |90|12|13|87|86|85|84|18|19| 11| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - | 1|99|98| 4|96| 5| 7|93|92| 10| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+ - -Notice that the top and bottom rows contain all the numbers from 1 to 10 -and from 91 to 100; the two rows next to these range from 11 to 20 and -from 81 to 90; the two next from 21 to 30 and from 71 to 80; the two -next from 31 to 39 and 60 to 70, excluding 61, but including 41; and the -two central rows the numbers run from 42 to 59, with 40 and 61. - - -No. XXIII.--TWIN PUZZLE SQUARES - -The following diagram shows how the twin Magic Squares are evolved from -our diagram:-- - - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |1|5|6| |2|3|7| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |2|6|7+====+3|4|8| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |3|7|8| |4|5|9| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - -The sums of the corresponding rows in each square are now equal, and the -sums of the squares of the corresponding cells of these rows are equal. -The sums of the four diagonals are also equal, and the sum of the -squares of the cells in corresponding diagonals are equal. The sum of -any two numbers symmetrically placed with respect to the connecting link -between the 7 and the 3 is always 10. - - -No. XXX.--THE UNIQUE TRIANGLE - -The figures to be transposed in triangle A are 9 and 3 and 7 and 1. - - /\ /\ - / \ / \ - / 5 \ / 5 \ - / \ / \ - / 4 6 \ / 4 6 \ - / \ / \ - / 3 7 \ / 9 1 \ - / \ / \ - / 2 1 9 8 \ / 2 7 3 8 \ - ------------------ ------------------ - A B - -Then in triangle B, the sum of the side is in each case 20, and the sums -of the squares of the numbers along the sides is in each case 126. - - -No. XXXI.--MAGIC TRIANGLES - -The subjoined diagram shows the order in which the first 18 numbers can -be arranged so that they count 19, 38, or 57 in many ways, down, across, -or along some angles, 19 in 6 ways, 38 in 12, and 57 in 14 ways. - -[Illustration] - -Thus, for examples-- - - 7 + 12 = 14 + 5 = 4 + 15 = 19 - - 7 + 11 + 14 + 6 ------- = 38 - - 7 + 14 + 4 + 5 + 12 + 15 = 57 - - -No. XXXIV.--MAGIC HEXAGON IN A CIRCLE - -The figures in the Magic Hexagon must be arranged as is shown in this -diagram:-- - - 126 - 5 2 7 3 8 5 - 8 2 4 6 3 7 - 114 114 - 4 6 9 1 8 2 - 3 1 9 7 5 4 1 9 6 - 1 3 7 9 8 6 7 3 4 - 8 2 3 9 1 9 - 126 126 - 6 4 4 1 8 2 - 5 5 6 7 2 5 - 114 - -It will be seen that the sum of the four digits on each side of each -triangle is twenty, and that, while their arrangements vary, the total -of the added squares of the numbers on the alternate sides of the -hexagon are equal. - - -No. XXXVI.--A CHARMING PUZZLE - - ✦ ✦ ✦ - - ✦ ✦ ✦ - - ✦ ✦ ✦ - -To pass through these nine dots with four continuous straight lines, -start at the top right-hand corner, and draw a line along the top of -the square and _beyond its limits_, until its end is in line with the -central dots of the side and base. Draw the second line through these, -continuing it until its end is below and in line with the right-hand -side of the square; draw the third line up to the starting-point, and -the fourth as a diagonal, which completes the course. - - -No. XXXVII.--LEAP-FROG - -On a chess or draught-board three white men are placed on squares marked -_a_ and three black men on squares marked _b_ in the diagram-- - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_a_|_a_|_a_| |_b_|_b_|_b_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 - -Every _a_ can move from left to right one square at a time, and every -_b_ from right to left, and any piece can leap over one of another -colour on to an unoccupied square. They can reverse their positions -thus:-- - -If we number the cells or squares consecutively, and notice that at -starting the vacant cell is No. 4, then in the successive moves the -vacant cells will be 3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1, 3, 5, 7, 6, 4, 2, 3, 5, 4. Of the -moves thus indicated six are simple, and nine are leaps. - - -No. XXXVIII.--SORTING THE COUNTERS - -The counters are changed in four moves only, moving two at a time as -follows:-- - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | ○ | ● | ○ | ● | ○ | ● | ○ | ● | | | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | | | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - - Move 2 and 3 to 9 and 10. - - „ 5 and 6 to 2 and 3. - - „ 8 and 9 to 5 and 6. - - „ 1 and 2 to 8 and 9. - - -No. XXXIX.--A TRANSFORMATION - -To change the ten-pointed star of wooden matches into one of five points -without touching it, let a little water fall into the very centre, as it -lies on quite a smooth surface, and in a few moments, under the action -of the water, it will gradually assume the shape shown in the second -diagram, of a five-pointed star. - -[Illustration] - -This is a very simple and effective after-dinner trick. Small matches -move best. - - -No. XLI.--FAST AND LOOSE - -The twelve counters or draughtsmen lying loosely at the bottom of a -shallow box can be arranged so that they wedge themselves together and -against the side thus:-- - -[Illustration] - -Place one for the moment in the centre, and six round it. Hold these -firmly in their places with the left hand, and fix the other five round -them, as is shown in the diagram. Then remove the temporary centre, and -fill in with it the vacant place. All will then be in firm contact, and -the box may be turned upside down without displacing them. - - -No. XLIII.--FOR CLEVER PENCILS - -This diagram, shows how a continuous course is possible without taking -pencil from paper, or going twice over any line. - -[Illustration] - -We have purposely left spaces wide enough to make the solution perfectly -clear. - - -No. XLVIII.--A BOTTLED BUTTON - -[Illustration] - -The diagram below shows how the thread within the bottle is severed so -that the button falls, without uncorking the bottle or breaking it. - -Nothing is needed but a lens to focus the rays of the sun, which pass -through the glass without heating it, and burn the thread. - - -No. XLIX.--CLEARING THE WAY - -In order to cause the coin to fall into the bottle without touching -coin, match, or bottle, let a drop or two of water fall upon the bent -middle of the match. - -[Illustration] - -Very soon, under the action of the water, the two ends of the match will -open out so that the coin which was resting on them falls between them -into the bottle. - - -No. LII.--BILLIARD MAGIC - -The diagram we give below shows the ingenious trick by which the plain -white, if struck gently with a cue, will, aided by the tumbler, pot the -spot white ball without in any way disturbing the red. - -[Illustration] - -The balls to start with are an eighth of an inch apart, and there is not -room for a ball to pass between the cushions and the red. Place the -tumbler close to spot white. - - -No. LIII.--THE NIMBLE COIN - -The most effective way to transfer the coin from the top of the circular -band of paper into the bottle is to strike a smart blow with a cane, or -any small stick, on the inside of the paper band. There is not time for -the coin to be influenced in the same direction, and it falls plumb into -the neck of the bottle. - -[Illustration] - - -No. LVIII.--WHAT WILL HAPPEN? - -When the boy shown in this picture blows hard at the bottle which is -between his mouth and the candle flame, the divided air current flows -round the bottle, reunites, and extinguishes the flame. - -[Illustration] - - -No. LX.--VIS INERTIÆ - -If, by a strong pull of my finger, I launch the draughtsman that is on -the edge of the table against the column of ten in front of it, the -black man, which is just at the height to receive the full force of the -blow, will be knocked clean out of its place, while the others will not -fall. This is another illustration of the _vis inertiæ_. - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXI.--CUT AND COME AGAIN - -A block of ice would _never_ be divided completely by a loop of wire on -which hangs a 5 ℔ weight. For as the wire works its way through, the -slit closes up by refreezing, and the weight falls to the ground with -the wire, leaving the ice still in a single block. - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXIII.--CATCHING THE DICE - -It is quite easy to throw the upper of this pair of dice into the air -and catch it in the cup, but the other is more elusive. As you throw it -upward with sufficient force you will also throw the die that has been -already caught out of the cup. - -[Illustration] - -The secret of success lies in dropping the hand and cup rapidly -downwards, quitting hold at the same moment of the die, which then falls -quietly into the cup held to receive it. - - -No. LXIV.--WILL THEY FALL? - -When the single domino shown in the diagram in front of the double -archway, is quite smartly tipped up by the forefinger carefully inserted -through the lower arch, the stone which lies flat below another _is -knocked clean out_, while none of the other stones fall, another -practical illustration of _vis inertiæ_. - -[Illustration] - -For this very curious trick, club dominoes, thick and large, should be -used. Some patience and experience is needed, but success at last is -certain. - - -No. LXV.--A TRANSPOSITION - -You will be able to place the shaded coin between the other two in a -straight line without touching one of these, and without moving the -other, if you place a finger firmly on the king’s head and then move the -shaded coin an inch or two to the right, and flick it back against the -coin you hold. The other “tail” coin will then spring away far enough to -allow the space that is required. - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXVI.--COIN COUNTING - -After reaching and turning the coin which you first call “four,” _miss -three coins_, and begin then a fresh set of four; repeat this process to -the end. - - -No. LXVIII.--NUTS TO CRACK - -Hold a cup of water so that it will wet the handle of the knife, then -remove it, and place the nut exactly on the spot where the drop of water -falls from the handle. - - -No. LXXI.--WHAT IS THIS? - -The photographic enlargement is simply a much magnified reproduction of -Mr Chamberlain’s eye and eyeglass, exactly as they appear in the picture -which we give below, taken from its negative. A strong condensing lens -will reproduce the original effect, which can also be obtained by -holding the enlargement at a distance. - -[Illustration] - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXXV.--THE SEAL OF MAHOMET - -[Illustration] - -This double crescent may be drawn by one continuous line, without -passing twice over any part, by starting at _A_, passing along the curve -_AGD_, from _D_ along _DEB_, from _B_ along _BFC_, and from _C_ along -_CEA_. - - -No. LXXVI.--MOVE THE MATCHES - -If fifteen matches are arranged thus-- - - --------| --------| -------| - | | | | | |\ | - | | | |-------| | \ | - | | | | | | \ | - |-------- |-------- |------- - -and six are removed, ten is the number that remains, thus-- - - ------- ------- |\ | - | | | \ | - | |------ | \ | - | | | \ | - | |------ | \| - -or one hundred may remain, thus:-- - - -------| -------| - | | | | | - | | | | | - | | | | | - | |------- |------- - - -No. LXXVII.--LINES ON AN OLD SAMPLER - -This diagram shows the arrangement in which seventeen trees can be -planted in twenty-eight rows, three trees in each row:-- - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXXXI.--COUNTING THEM OUT - -Here is an arrangement of dominoes which enables us to count out the -first twelve numbers, one after the other, by their spelling:-- - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 5 | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | 4 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 5 | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -Start with the double five, and, touching each stone in turn, say o, n, -e, _one_; remove the stone with one pip, and go on, t, w, o, _two_; -remove the two, and say t, h, r, e, e, _three_, and so on till you -reach at last the twelve. - -Playing cards can be used, counting knave, queen, as eleven, twelve. It -makes quite a good trick if you place the cards face downwards in the -proper order, and then, saying that you will call up each number in -turn, move the cards one at a time to the other end, spelling out each -number as before, either aloud or not, and turning up and throwing out -each as you hit upon it. If you do not call the letters aloud it adds to -the mystery if you are blindfolded. - - -No. LXXXII.--TRICKS WITH DOMINOES - -This is the other combination of stones and their pips which fulfils the -conditions, and forms the word AGES. - - +---+-------+---+ +-------+-------+ +---+-------+---+ +-------+-------+ - | 6 | 6 5 | 5 | | 6 4 | 4 0 | | 1 | 1 1 | 1 | | 0 5 | 5 3 | - | +-------+ | +---+---+-------+ | +-------+ | +---+---+-------+ - | 0 | | 4 | | 6 | | 6 | | 4 | | 0 | - +---+---+---+---+ | | +-------+ +---+---+ +---+ | +-------+---+ - | 0 0 | 4 4 | | 3 | | 4 2 | | 6 6 | | 2 | 2 2 | 2 | - +---+---+---+---+ +---+ +---+---+ +---+---+ +---+ +---+-------+ | - | 0 | | 4 | | 3 | | 2 | | 6 | | 0 | | 5 | - | | | | | +-------+ | | +-------+ | +-------+---+---+ - | 1 | | 3 | | 3 | 3 1 | 1 | | 2 | 2 3 | 3 | | 1 5 | 5 5 | - +---+ +---+ +---+-------+---+ +---+-------+---+ +-------+-------+ - - +-------+-------+ +---+-------+ +---+-------+---+ +---+ +---+ - | 6 5 | 5 3 | | 1 | 1 5 | | 1 | 1 1 | 1 | | 5 | | 0 | - +---+---+-------+ | +---+---+ | +-------+ | | | | | - | 6 | | 0 | | 5 | | 6 | | 2 | | 4 | | 3 | - | | +---+ | | +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | 0 +-------+ | 0 | | 2 | | 6 | | 4 +-------+ 3 | - +---+ 0 2 | | +---+---+ | | | | 4 3 | | - | 0 +-------+ | 4 | 4 2 | | 6 | | 4 +-------+ 3 | - | | +---+---+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | 0 | | 4 | | 2 | | 6 | | 2 | | 4 | | 3 | - +---+---+-------+ | | | | | +-------+ | | | | | - | 0 5 | 5 5 | | 6 | | 6 | | 3 | 3 2 | 2 | | 1 | | 1 | - +-------+-------+ +---+ +---+ +---+-------+---+ +---+ +---+ - -In both cases a complete set of stones is used, which are arranged in -proper domino sequence, and everyone of the eight letters carries -exactly forty-two pips. - - -No. XCI--THE STOLEN PEARLS - -The dishonest jeweller reset the pearls in a cross so that its arms were -a stage higher up. It will be seen that by this arrangement nine pearls -can still be counted in each direction. - -[Illustration] - - -ENIGMAS - - -1. Self-assassin, a neddy. Saw an ass in an eddy! - - -2. To get her: Together. - - -3. A candle. - - -4. Liquorice. - - -5. A book. - - -6. One solver proposes _raven_, croaking before a storm; once an object -of worship; seldom seen; forbidden in Leviticus as food; alone with Noah -when its mate was sent forth; weighing about 3 lbs; the name of a small -South Carolina island, having as its first and last letters R and N; the -Royal Navy. - -Another finds in _K_ the key, as that letter with _no ar_ is alone in -_ark_. With much ingenuity he shows that the last line calls for a -second letter, and that the letters _K_ and _G_ can be traced -throughout almost all Hallam’s “lights;” _Kilogram_ being nearly 3 lbs., -and _Knot_ a mile; while either _K.G._ (Knight of the Garter) or _King_ -would fit the final line. - - -7. The lines become “rank treason” if the corresponding lines of the two -stanzas are read together, thus:-- - - The pomps of Courts and pride of Kings - I fain would banish far from hence, - -and so on throughout. - - -8. A pair of skates. - - -9. A shadow. - - -10. A chair. - - -11. The changes that are rung are one, eno, Noe, neo, eon, on, none. - - -12. Cares, caress. - - -13. Echo. - - -14. Strike. - - -15. A pair of spurs. - - -16. A.D.A.M.; Adam; a dam; Adam; a damson; a dam. - - -17. The CID, the Castilian hero whose fame was at its height in the -middle of the eleventh century. - - -18. A sigh. - - -19. Coxcomb. - - -20. Jack and Jill. - - -21. A man’s felt hat. - - -22. Measurable. - - -23. Chair, char, arch. - - -24. Sala (G.A.S.), which reversed is _alas_. - - -25. Page, (p)age. - - -26. C (sea), A (hay), T (tea). - - -27. A BROKEN TALE - - The deil jumped over the clouds so high - That he bounded almost right over the sky. - Over gates and fields, and under the trees - He dodged, with his tail dragging over all these, - But, alas! made a terrible blunder, - For a twist in his tail hooked under a rail, - And broke that appendage asunder. - - -28. Yesterday. _Most_ excludes Adam, and _ter_ is half of _terror_. - - -29. Donkey. - - -30. Mental, lament, mantle. - - -31. His heels. - - -32. Tares, tears, a rest. - - -33. Connecticut. - - -34. Grate, rate, rat, ate. - - -35. Mary, in fanciful mood, on her thirty-sixth birthday, decorated her -pincushion thus--XXXVI. - - -36. Opinionist. - - -37. Violin (LVII + on). - - -38. Trout (tr--out). - - -39. Post--stop. - - -40. A pair of scissors in a case. - - -41. Dog. - - -42. Mainland. - - -43. Changed. - - -44. The name of the Russian nobleman’s third son, the boy who went to -sea, was Yvan. As the name of the eldest, Rab, who became a lawyer, was -Bar reversed, and that of the soldier son Mary was Army as an anagram, -so Yvan’s name resolves itself into Navy, his profession. - - -45. VIVID. - - -46. Nothing. - - -47. London. - - -48. Rock, cork. - - -49. Place, lace, ace, lac. - - -50. a, e, i, o, u, y. - - -51. The solution of the enigma which begins:-- - - “Twice six is six, and so - Six is but three; - Three is just five you know, - What can we be?” - -is the number of letters of the alphabet used in spelling a number. Thus -twice six, or _twelve_, is composed of six letters, and so on. - - -52. A button. - - -53. LEVEL--MADAM. - - -54. An egg. - - -55. Vague. - - -56. - - A headless man had a letter to write, - (The letter O, i.e. _nothing_.) - He who read it had lost his sight, - (He read _nothing_.) - The dumb repeated it word for word, - (He said _nothing_.) - And deaf was he who listened and heard. - (He heard _nothing_.) - - -57. Highway. - - -58. A set of false teeth. - - -59. The “fearful fate” enigma is slaughter; cut off its head and we have -laughter; lop off its shoulders and we find aught. - - -60. Speculation--peculations. - - -61. The word “united” is “of fellowship the token,” and the requirement -“reverse it, and the bond is broken” refers only to the two central -letters. When this is reversed the word “untied” is formed. - - -62. Average. - - -63. German--manger. - - -64. Corkscrew. - - -65. _Tar_ is transformed by _Art_, and as a sailor is fond of port, and -blisters in the sun. When it turns to run it becomes _Rat_, and when it -doubles it is _Tartar_, and is caught. - - -66. - - A man with one eye two plums must have seen, - One perfectly ripe, the other quite green. - The former he took, and ate it with pleasure, - The other he left to ripen at leisure. - - -67. A widower who has lost two wives. - - -68. The grape-vine on the Marquis of Breadalbane’s estate, Killin, N.B., -which bears more than 5000 bunches of grapes, of which only 500, -properly thinned out, are allowed to mature, so that the fewer and -smaller bunches bear finer fruit. - - -69. Poe, poet, poetry. - - -70. Theatres. The articles _the_ and _a_ lead on to the other four -letters _tres_, and these form the word _rest_, if the _t_ is -transferred to the end. - - -71. Scold, cold, old. - - -72. Justice, (_just_--_ice_). - - -73. A shadow. - - -74. VI., IV., I. - - -75. The letter I. - - -76. The letter V. - - -77. An army. - - -78. _A rich table_; _chair_, _table_; _charitable_. - - -79. High-low. - - -80. Orange, pear, date, banana, peach, plum, lime, lemon, mango, apple. - - -81. Innuendo. - - -82. Snipe, of which _pines_ is an exact anagram. - - -83. - - None can locate the subject of my riddle, - For all the world would seek its place in vain, - Cut it asunder almost in the middle, - And in our very midst its place is plain - -is solved by _nowhere_, _now here_. - - -CHARADES - - -1. Good-night (knight). - - -2. Grandson. - - -3. Oyster. - - -4. Stay-lace. - - -5. Ann--ounce. - - -6. VOID, OVID. - - -7. Disconsolate (disc--on--so--late). - - -8. Ginger--Nigger. (G.E.R. Great Eastern Railway). - - -9. Honesty (hone, below the razor). - - -10. Nutmeg. - - -11. Waterloo. - - -12. Whether (whet--her). - - -13. Mendicant (mend I can’t). - - -14. Campbell. - - -15. Foxglove. - - -16. Anglesea. - - -17. Shewed. - - -18. Sparrow, often a gutter percher! - - -19. Dishonest (dish--one--st). - - -20. Dogmatism. - - -21. Anthem. - - -22. Gigantic (gig--antic). - - -23. Toad (_ad_ is Latin for _to_). - - -24. Cineraria (sinner--area). - - -25. Ignis--fatuus, or Will-o’-the-wisp (ignis, fire--fatuus, a fool). - - -26. Isis (sis in Latin, _thou mayest be_). - - -27. Capacity. - - -28. Scarcity. - - -29. Pardon. - - -30. Humbug. - - -31. Ramrod. - - -32. Dumpling. - - -33. Into. - - -34. Herring. - - -35. Dublin (bud--nil). - - -36. Peerless. - - -37. Beatrice. - - -38. Beam--_be_ is half of the word _verb_, _am_ is half of _same_, and -_be_ and _am_ are similar in sense. - - -39. Pulpit. - - -40. Spare--rib. - - -41. Usher. - - -42. The ship _Carmania_. - - -43. Candid. - - -44. Husbandman. - - -45. Hamlet. - - -46. Handcuff. - - -47. Sinecure. - - -48. Infancy. - - -49. Teachest. - - -50. Hippodrome. - - -51. Invalid. - - -52. Woman. - - -53. Kensington. - - -54. Benjamin. - - -55. Stipendiary. - - -56. Wonder. - - -57. Cabin. - - -58. Falstaff. - - -59. Periwinkle. - - -60. Nameless. - - -61. Fourscore. - - -62. Hatred. - - -63. Catsup. - - -64. Molestation. - - -65. Omen. - - -66. Isinglass. - - -67. Muffin. - - -68. Footman. - - -69. Sparrow-grass. - - -70. Matchless. - - -71. Planted. - - -72. Toast-rack. - - -73. Half-and-half, if properly punctuated. - - -RIDDLES AND CONUNDRUMS - - -1. Washerwoman. - - -2. - - “Call me an uncle, then you speak me fair, - Call me an _uncle_-_an_ uncle if you dare!” - - -3. Pluck the goose. - - -4. Also. - - -5. A lawsuit. - - -6. Because they are bargains. - - -7. A pair of shoes. - - -8. Because whenever he goes out he can put his portmanteaux (Portman -toes) into his boots. - - -9. FIVE. - - -10. Rail--liar. - - -11. Because it slopes with a flap! - - -12. In California they eat all the peaches they can, and can all they -can’t! - - -13. The utmost effort ever made by a piebald (or by any) horse at a high -jump is _four feet from the ground_! - - -14. Insatiate (in--sat--I--ate). - -The clever couplet-- - - Under my first my second stood. - That’s your riddle: mine’s as good! - -was intended to point out that the enigma - - In my first my second sat, - Then my third and fourth I ate - -was _understood_, and to frame at the same time a fresh one of similar -sort. - - -15. A gardener minds his peas, a billiard-marker his cues, a precise man -his p’s and q’s, and a verger his keys and pews. - - -16. A man with one eye can see more than a man with two, for in addition -to all else he can see the other man’s two eyes, which can only see his -one. - - -17. When you ask a policeman what o’clock it is, you are like the -Viceroy of India, because you are _as king for the time_. - - -18. “What does Y E S spell?” is the question to which “yes” is the only -possible reply. - - -19. An umbrella. - - -20. London for many years was a wonderful place for sound, for you could -laugh at 5 p.m. at Waterloo Junction, and by walking briskly across the -river be in time for the late Echo at Charing Cross. - - -21. Because it may be smelt! - - -22. The full reading of “1s. 6d. me a bloater” is “Bob Tanner sent me a -bloater.” - -_Note._--If any solver should ask, “But where is the ‘sent’?” we reply, -“The scent was in the bloater!” - - -23. The solution of the prime conundrum “Why is a moth flying round a -candle like a garden gate?” is--Because if it keeps on it singes its -wings (its hinges it swings). - - -24. (Twe)lve--twe(nty) = twenty. - - -25. Because it would be my newt (minute). - - -26. The steps by which, in paying my debt to a lawyer, a threepenny -piece swells to the needed six and eightpence are these:-- - - Three pence is one and two pence; - One and two pence is fourteen pence; - Fourteen pence is six and eight pence! - - -27. When the Vickers Maxim (vicar smacks him). - - -28. Children should go to bed soon after tea because when “t” is taken -away _night_ is _nigh_. - - -29. Scottish may be lighter than Irish men, for while Irishmen may be -men of Cork, Scotsmen may be men of Ayr. - - -30. Because barbers do not cut hair any longer! - - -31. Colenso. - - -32. This is Archbishop Whately’s riddle, and a solution, suggested long -after his offer of £50 had expired:-- - - When from the Ark’s capacious round - Mankind came forth in pairs, - Who was it that first heard the sound - Of boots upon the stairs? - - To him who cons the matter o’er, - A little thought reveals, - He heard it first who went before - Two pairs of soles and eels! - - -33. If Moses was the son of Pharaoh’s daughter, _he_ was the daughter of -Pharaoh’s son. - - -34. The word of three syllables which represents woman or man -alternately by three contractions is heroine--hero--her--he. - - -35. Solution to-morrow! - - -36. Wholesome. - - -37. They were jolly well tired! - - -38. The stocks. - - -39. Because it makes a far--thing present. - - -40. If I were in the sun, and you were out of it, it would be a _sin_. - - -41. COLD. - - -42. Take _off_--_ice_. - - -43. Enduring. - - -44. Uncross the “t” of “a foot,” and it becomes “a fool.” - - -45. A rabbit can run into a square wood with sides that each measures a -mile, keeping always in a straight line, _until it reaches the middle of -the wood_, when it must begin to run out of it! - - -46. To-morrow. - - -47. Scar--bo--rough. - - -48. - - Though I in time for lunch may be, - U cannot come till after T. - - -49. A wig. - - -50. Because _we_ cannot be _wed_ without it. - - -51. A spit. - - -52. Wit (double you--I--tea). - - -53. Holding up your hand you will see what you never have seen, never -can see, and never will see--namely, the little finger as long as the -finger next to it! - - -54. The Emperor of Russia issues manifestoes. An ill-shod beggar -manifests toes without his shoes! - - -55. To show Walsham How a good bishop is made. - - -56. There was certainly a tribe of Man--asses. - - -57. L. s. d. - - -58. A pillow. - - -59. Abused (a--b--used). - - -60. A settler. - - -61. Because John Burns. - - -62. It looks round! - - -63. A minute. - - -64. A deaf and dumb man cannot tickle nine persons, because he can only -gesticulate (just tickle eight!). - - -65. London always began with an _l_, and end always began with an _e_! - - -66. Season. - - -67. The new moon, for the full moon is much lighter. - - -68. Island (_la_ is the middle, _is_ is the beginning, _and_ is the -end!). - - -69. Because! (_bee caws_). - - -70. The reading of the Dark Rebus - - O - B =e= D - -is--a little blackie in bed with nothing over him. - - -71. If a monkey is placed before a cross it at once gets to the top, for -APE is then APEX. - - -72. The answer to this riddle, defined as “two heads and an -application,” is _a kiss_. - - -73. The Latin expression of encouragement “macte” may be applied in its -English equivalent _in-crease_ to a batsman when an umpire says of him -“not out” after a risky run. - - -74. The place which answers to the description “Half an inch (ch) before -the trees (elms), half a foot (fo), and half a yard (rd) after them -leads us to an English town,” is _Chelmsford_. - - -75. The subject of the riddle, which none can locate, is _nowhere_. Cut -asunder almost in the middle, it breaks into the opposite extreme, and -becomes _now here_! - - -76. The two letters which in nine letters describe the position of one -who has been left alone in his extremity are a _b_ and one _d_. -_Abandoned._ - - -77. Usher (us--her). - - -78. You can make a Maltese cross with less than twelve unbent and -unbroken matches, by striking only one match and dropping it down his -back. If the first fails, try another! - - -79. We may suppose that there were less vowels than we have now in the -early days of _Noe_, when _u_ and _i_ were not there. - - -80. An orange (or--ange). - - -81. The moral taught to us by the old emblem of a weathercock in the -shape of a fish on a church near Lewes is, “It is vain to aspire!” - - -82. FIDDLE. - - -83. The words “for the want of water we drank water, and if we had had -water we should have drank wine,” were spoken by the crew of a vessel -that could not cross the harbour bar for want of water, and who had no -wine on board. - - -84. - - The poor have two, the rich have none, - Millions have many, you have one, - -is solved by O. - - -85. Money. - - -86. Had _I_ been in Stanley’s place when Marmion cried “On, Stanley, -on!” the resulting word _on_-_i_-_on_ would have made the Scottish fray -seem more like Irish stew. - - -87. The figure O. - - -88. - - Let her be, or beat her, - Give her little ease; - Then in safety seat her - All among the bees, - -is solved by _A Queen Bee_. The _Bee_ is made up of the letter _b_, in -Greek called _beta_, and two little _e_s. - - -89. Its. - - -90. Inch--chin. - - -NUTS TO CRACK - - -1. CRAZY LOGIC - -Can you prove that madman = madam is solved thus:-- - -A madman is a man beside himself. Therefore a madman = two men. - -Madam is a woman. Woman is double you O man (w-o-man). Therefore madam = -two men. - -And as things which are equal to the same are equal to one another, -therefore madman = madam. - - Q. E. D. - (_Quite easily Done._) - - -2. A BIT OF BOTANY - -The water-plant is the _Frogbit_, which floats and spreads on the -surface of ponds and pools. - - -3. The six islands buried in the lines-- - - He set down the answer to that sum at random. - - By bold policy Prussia became a leading power. - - A great taste for mosaic has arisen lately. - - The glad news was swiftly borne over England. - - At dusk, year after year, the old man rambled home. - - The children cried, hearing such dismal tales. - -are Sumatra, Cyprus, Formosa, Borneo, Skye, Malta. - - -4. The seven geographical names “buried” in the sentence, “We could hide -a light royal boat with a man or two; the skipper, though, came to a -bad end,” are Deal, Troy, Witham, Esk, Perth, Baden, Aden. - - -5. The jumbled letter lines read thus:-- - - Let those who deal in mystic rhymes - This transposition trace; - And to _The Standard_ send betimes - Each letter in its place. - - -6. - - Three little articles all in a line - Lead to a thousand, expressing, - If with another all these you combine, - What can be never a blessing-- - -is solved by ANATHEMA (an-a-the-M-a). - - -7. - - Ask a policeman, possibly he knows - In uniformed array - If not, an added letter plainly shows - How little he can say-- - -is solved by adding n _to uniformed_--_uninformed_. - - -8. The Ruling letters in:-- - - We rule the world, we letters five, - We rule the world, we do! - And of our number three contrive - To rule the other two-- - -are B. U. T. (beauty), and Y. Z. (wise head). - - -9. Many might punctuate the sentence, “Maud like the pretty girl that -she was went for a walk in the meadows” by merely putting a full stop at -the end of it. But why not make a _dash after Maud_? - - -10. The answer by Echo to - - What were they who paid three guineas - To hear a tune of Paganini’s - -is _Pack o’ ninnies_! - - -11. The verse in which only five different letters are used is-- - - It is nineteen tennis nets, - Nine in tents in tints intense. - Ten sent in inset in sets, - See it, test it, it is sense! - - -12. The catch sentence: “If is is not is and is not is is what is it is -not is and what is it is is not if is not is is?” becomes intelligible -if it is punctuated thus: If “is” is not “is,” and “is not” is “is,” -what is it “is not” is, and what is it “is” is not, if “is not” is “is?” - - -13. The words on the placard were PALE ALE, and these through the steps -described become PA-LE AP-LE, APPLE. - - -14. The reading of “Time flies you cannot they pass at such irregular -intervals,” is as though it ran “You cannot time flies, they pass at -such irregular intervals.” - - -ROYAL MEMORIES - -15. I was reminded of Queen Victoria as I entered the South Kensington -Museum at _five minutes to one_, because I noticed that the hands of my -watch were so placed as to represent a very perfect V. - -When I left the building it was _twenty-five minutes and forty-five -seconds to six_, and then the hands, with the help of the seconds hand -which crossed it, formed a very perfect A, and so reminded me of Prince -Albert. - - -16. The solution of - - CCC - --- - SAW - -is “the season was backward.” - - -17. THE OLD LATIN LEGEND - - +------------------+ - | AMANS TAM ERAT | - | HI DESINT HERO | - |AD DIGITO UT MANDO| - +------------------+ - -reads off into excellent English thus:-- - -“A man’s tame rat hides in the road; dig it out man, do!” - - -18. The statement “I know that roseate hues preserve” does not imply -that there is any curative virtue in rose-coloured rays, but asserts “I -know that Rose ate Hugh’s preserve!” - - -19. The following exception was taken to Dr Fell’s diet for the sick of -all sops:-- - - “Sure the doctor’s wits are failing,” - Cried a saucy wag. - “Allsopp’s ale the sick and ailing - To their bier will drag.” - - -20. The English dislocated sentence formed by these thirty-six -letters:-- - - SAR BAB SAR BAB SAR BAB - SAR BAB SAR BAB SAR ARA - -is, “A bar as a barb bars Barbara’s Barabbas.” - - -21. The Wiltshire farmer’s sentence-- - - “Igineyvartydreevriswutts” - -when interpreted runs, “I gave him forty-three for his oats.” - - -22. Here is a tolerable rhyme to Chrysanthemum:-- - - Through gardens where appear - Beds of chrysanthemum, - We pass at eve to hear - Our choir their anthem hum. - - -23. This was, in brief, the pathetic tale of the three eggs--“_Two -bad!_” - - -24. THE ANCIENT LEGEND - - +--------------+ - |Doun tooth ers| - | A sy | - | Ouw ould bed | - | One by | - +--------------+ - -reads thus:--“Do unto others as you would be done by.” - - -25. There were but six persons in the vault which contained two -grandmothers and their two grand-daughters; two husbands and their two -wives; two fathers and their two daughters; two mothers and their two -sons; two maidens and their two mothers; two sisters and their two -brothers. Two widows had each one son, and each married the son of the -other, and had a daughter by the marriage. - - -26. The supposed charm-- - - ground - turn evil star - -given by the wise woman to a nervous couple, to counteract their evil -star, and account for mysterious noises, is merely “Rats live -underground,” _turn_ being a direction to the solver. - - -27. The word composed of five varied vowels of foreign sound, with but -one consonant between them, is oiseau, the French for bird. The three -letters which flow in four are eau, water, which flows in the River -Oise, and the other trio spell oie, a goose, which is found therein. - - -28. The Paradox-- - - What in his mind no man can find - Four symbols will display; - But only one remains behind - If one we take away-- - -is solved by _Bone_. - - -29. The barber who had placed in his window the notice-- - - “What do you think - I will shave you for nothing and give you a drink” - -explained, to the man who expected a free shave and a cool drink, that -the interpretation was really this:--“What? Do you think I will shave -you for nothing, and give you a drink?” - - -30. The curious Latin label-- - - +-------------------------+ - | G E N U I N E J A M | - | A | - | I C A R U M. | - +-------------------------+ - -has no reference to Icarus, or to flying machines. Its proper place was -on a cask of “Genuine Jamaica Rum.” - - -31. The puzzle word is ipecacuanha. - - -32. - - Johnson’s cat went up a tree, - Which was sixty feet and three; - Every day she climbed eleven, - Every night she came down seven. - Tell me, if she did not drop, - When her paws would touch the top-- - -is solved thus:--As each day and night the cat climbed up eleven feet, -and came down seven, the daily upward gain was four feet, and thirteen -days would bring her fifty-two feet up the tree. Then on the fourteenth -day she mounted the remaining eleven feet, and was at the top, so that -no coming down seven feet is to be taken into account, and she attains -her place _in fourteen days_. - - -33. - - A third of six behind them fix, - A third of six before; - Thus makes two nines, when all combines, - Exactly fifty-four-- - -is solved:-- - - IX NINE (the two nines.) - (S is a third of six) SIX NINES = 54. - - -34. To bridge the moat, or space between the two squares which one match -cannot span, place one match across one of the corners of the outer -square, and the other from this to the inner square. - - -35. - - We start when the ninth hour is past, - Then there’s an end of you. - A vengeful goddess shows at last - What Antifat will do-- - -is solved by _attenuate_ (at ten-u-Ate, goddess of vengeance). - - -36. Mrs P.W. had only one guest to provide for. Her husband had invited -his father’s brother-in-law, Jones, who was his brother’s father-in-law, -because Mr P.W.’s brother had married Jones’ daughter, and his -father-in-law’s brother, because he had himself married Jones’ niece, -and also his brother-in-law’s father, as Mr P.W.’s sister married Jones’ -son. - - -37. This sharp customer started with _fivepence farthing_, and gradually -extracted from the landlord’s pocket a shilling and three farthings -towards the eighteenpence which he spent in refreshments. - - -38. To form four triangles of equal size with six similar matches, place -three of them in a triangle on the table, and hold or balance the other -three above these, so as to form the skeleton of a pyramid. - - -39. The following couplet solves this question:-- - - Forty-five-years I had seen - When my bride was but fifteen - - -40. The lad gave tenpence each to a grandfather, his son, and his -grandson. - - -41. Nell’s reply to Tom, when he said, with a yawn, “I wish we could -play lawn-tennis!” “Odioso ni mus rem. Moto ima os illud nam,” was not -Latin, but good sound English. Read each word in its order _backwards_, -and you have-- “Oh! so do I in summer. Oh, Tom! am I so dull, I man?” - - -42. The policeman who was looking up the road for motor-car scorchers -was able to see that his mate, who was looking down the road, was -smiling, because they stood face to face. - - -43. - - Twenty-seven with three nines - You and I can score; - Anyone on other lines - Can extend them more. - Who can write them to be seen - Equal only to sixteen?-- - -is solved thus:--Two of the three nines are reversed, and then - - 96 - -- = 16. - 6 - - -44. The trying sentence, “that that is is that that is not is not is not -that it it is,” is cleared thus by proper punctuation:--That that is, -is; that that is not, is not. Is not that it? It is. - - -45. A L L O is “Nothing after all.” - - -46. The proverb with missing consonants is--Give a dog a bad name and -hang him. - - -47. If to the thirteen upright strokes-- - - | | | | | | | | | | | | | - -thirteen more are added, the word HOTTENTOT may be formed. - - -48. A coroner could, after signing his name, write down his official -position with _c or one r_. - - - - -=PART II.= - - -CONTENTS - - PAGE - - OPTICAL ILLUSIONS II-1 - - FREAKS OF FIGURES II-20 - - CHESS CAMEOS II-26 - - SCIENCE AT PLAY II-58 - - CURIOUS CALCULATIONS II-114 - - WORD AND LETTER PUZZLES II-147 - - SOLUTIONS II-167 - - -OPTICAL ILLUSIONS - - -No. I.--SWALLOWED! - -Take a small card and place it on its longer edge upon the dotted line. -Now set the picture in a good light on the table, and let your head drop -gradually towards the card until you almost touch it with your nose. You -will see the bird fly into the jaws of the snake! - -[Illustration] - - -AMUSING PROBLEMS - - -THE CARPENTER’S PUZZLE - -1. A carpenter was called in to mend a hole in a wooden floor. The gap -was two feet wide, and twelve feet long, while the only board at hand -was three feet wide, and eight feet long. - - +----------------+ - | Fig. 1. | - | | - | | - +----------------+ - - +------------------------+ - | Fig. 2. | - | | - +------------------------+ - -This had been put aside as useless, but, on catching sight of it, the -carpenter ran his rule over it and said that he could make a perfect -fit, and cover all the hole by cutting the board into two pieces. How -did he do this? - - -No. II.--AN ILLUSION OF ROTATION - -This most interesting optical illusion was devised by Professor Thompson -some years ago:-- - -[Illustration] - -[Illustration] - -If the illustration is moved by hand in a small circle on the level, -with such motion as is given in rinsing out a bowl, the circles of the -larger diagram will seem to revolve in the direction in which the paper -is moved, while the cogs of the smaller diagram will apparently turn -slowly in the opposite direction. - - -No. III.--WHIRLING WHEELS - -Here is another combination of the clever illusion of the whirling -wheels. - -[Illustration] - -If a rapid rotating motion is given to the diagram, each circle will -seem to revolve, and the cog wheel in the centre will appear to move -slowly round in the opposite direction. - - -GOLDEN PIPPINS - -2. A man leaves an orchard of forty choice apple trees to his ten sons. -On the first tree is one apple, on the second there are two, on the -third three, and so on to the fortieth, on which there are forty. - -Each son is to have four of the trees, and on them an equal number of -the apples. How can they thus apportion the trees, and how many apples -will each son have? Here is one way:-- - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 - 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 - 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 - 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 - ----------------------------- - 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 - -Can you find another perfect solution? - - -No. IV.--AN ILLUSION OF MOTION - -We call very particular attention to this fascinating illustration of -the fact that the mind and eye may receive and register false -impressions under quite simple conditions:-- - -[Illustration] - -Hold this at rather more than reading distance, upright, and move it -steadily up and down. The dark line will soon seem to slide up and down -upon the perpendicular line. It will be better seen if drawn to pattern -on a card. - - -No. V.--ARE THEY PARALLEL? - -As the eye falls upon the principal lines of this interesting diagram, -an immediate impression is formed that they are not parallel. - -[Illustration] - -This, however, is a most curious illusion, created in the mind entirely -by the short sloping lines, as is found at once by the simple test of -measurement. - - -AN AWKWARD FIX - -3. With no knowledge of the surrounding district, I was making my way to -a distant town through country roads, guided by the successive -sign-posts that were provided. - -Coming presently to four cross-roads I found to my dismay that some one -had in mischief uprooted the sign-post and thrown it into the ditch. In -this perplexing fix how could I find my way? A bright thought struck me. -What was it? - - -LINKED SWEETNESS LONG DRAWN OUT - -4. As I stood on the platform at a quiet country station, an engine, -coming along from my left at thirty miles an hour, began to whistle when -still a mile away from me. The shrill sound continued until the engine -had passed a mile and a half to my right. For how long was I hearing its -whistle? - - -No. VI.--ILLUSION OF LENGTH - -In this curious optical illusion the lines are exactly equal in length. - - \ / - \ / - >--------------------< - / \ - / \ - - - / \ - / \ - <--------------------> - \ / - \ / - - -The eye is misled by the effect which the lines drawn outward and inward -at their ends produce upon the mind and sight. - - -ELASTIC QUARTERS - -5. - - In room marked A two men were placed, - A third he lodged in B; - The fourth to C was next assigned, - The fifth was sent to D. - In E the sixth was tucked away, - F held the seventh man; - For eighth and ninth were G and H, - Then back to A he ran. - Thence taking one, the tenth and last, - He lodged him safe in I; - Thus in nine rooms ten men found place, - Now can you tell me why? - - -EXCLUDED DAYS - -6. Are there any particular days of the week with which no new century -can begin? - - -No. VII.--ILLUSION OF HEIGHT - -These straight lines, at right angles to each other, are, though they do -not seem to be, exactly equal in length. - -[Illustration] - -This and similar illusions are probably due to the variation of the -vague mental standard which we unconsciously employ, and to the fact -that the mind cannot form and adhere to a definite scale of measurement. - - -DRIVING POWER - -7. Why has a spliced cricket bat such good driving power? and why is the -“follow through” of the head of a golf club so telling in a driving -stroke? - - -THE BUSY BOOKWORM - -8. On my bookshelf in proper order stand two volumes. Each is two inches -thick over all, and each cover is an eighth of an inch in thickness. How -far would a bookworm have to bore in order to penetrate from the first -page of Vol. I. to the last page of Vol. II.? - - -No. VIII.--ILLUSION OF DIRECTION - -Can you decide at a glance which of the two lines below the thick band -is a continuation of the line above it? - -[Illustration] - -Make up your mind quickly, and then test your decision with a straight -edge. - - -A TERRIBLE TUMBLE - -9. From what height must a man fall out of an airship--screaming as he -goes overboard--so as to reach the earth before the sound of his cry? - -_N.B._--Resistance of the air, and the acoustical fact that sound will -not travel from a rare to a dense atmosphere, are to be disregarded. - - -IN A PREDICAMENT - -10. Imagine a man on a perfectly smooth table surface of considerable -size, in a vacuum, where there is no outside force to move him, and -there is no friction. He may raise himself up and down, slide his feet -about, double himself up, wave his arms, but his centre of gravity will -be always vertically above the same point of the surface. - -How could he escape from this predicament, if it was a possible one? - - -No. IX.--THINGS ARE NOT WHAT THEY SEEM - -It is difficult, even after measurement, to believe that these figures -are of the same size. - -[Illustration] - -But they will stand the test of measurement. - - -A CLIMBING MONKEY - -11. A rope passes over a single fixed pulley. A monkey clings to one end -of the rope, and on the other end hangs a weight exactly as heavy as the -monkey. The monkey presently starts to climb up the rope. Will he -succeed? - - -GAINING GROUND - -12. Seeing that the tension on a pair of traces tends as much to pull -the horse backward as it does to pull the carriage forward, why do the -traces move on at all? - - -No. X.--THE SHIFTING BRICK - -A very curious and interesting form of optical illusion is well -illustrated by what may be called “the shifting brick.” - -[Illustration] - -The central brick, drawn to show all its edges, as though it were made -of glass, will assume the form indicated by one or other of the smaller -bricks at its right and left, according to the way in which the eyes -accommodate themselves for the moment to one pattern or to the other. If -you do not see this at first, look steadily for awhile at the pattern -you desire. - - -ASK A CYCLIST - -13. Why does a rubber tyre leave a double rut in dust, and a single one -in mud? - - -TODHUNTER’S UNIQUE PUZZLE PROBLEM - -14. If two cats, on opposite sides of a sharply sloping roof, are on the -point of slipping off, which will hold on the longest? - - -No. XI.--AN ILLUSION WITH COINS - -If you place four coins in the positions shown at the top of this -diagram, and attempt, or challenge some one to attempt, without any -measuring, to move the single coin down in a straight line until the -spaces from C to D on either side exactly equal the distance from A to -B-- - -[Illustration] - -It must drop as far as is shown here, which seems to the unaided eye to -be too far. - -This excellent illusion can be shown as an after-dinner trick with four -napkin-rings. - - -No. XII.--THE FICKLE BARREL - -Here is another excellent optical illusion. Look attentively at the -diagram below, and notice in which direction you apparently look into -it, as though it were an open cask. - -[Illustration] - -Now shake the paper, or move it slightly, and you will find, more often -than not, that you seem to see into it in quite the opposite direction. - - -HEADS I WIN! - -15. I hold a penny level between my finger and thumb, and presently let -it fall from the thumb by withdrawing my finger. It makes exactly a -half-turn in falling through the first foot. If it starts “heads,” how -far must it fall to bring it “heads” to the floor? - - -HE DID IT! - -16. “They call these safety matches,” said Funnyboy at his club one day, -“and say that they strike only on the box. Don’t believe it! I can -strike them quite easily on my boot.” - -No sooner said than done. He took out a match, struck it on his boot, -and--phiz!--it was instantly alight. The box was handed round, and match -after match was struck by the bystanders on their boots, but not one of -them could succeed. - -“You don’t give the magic touch,” said Funnyboy, as he gaily struck -another. How did he do it? - - -No. XIII.--A STRANGE OPTICAL ILLUSION - -[Illustration] - -[Illustration] - -How many cubes can you see as you look at the large diagram? The two -smaller ones should be looked at first alternately, and they will assist -the eye to see at one time six, and at another time seven, very distinct -cubes. - - -No. XIV.--A CIRCULAR ILLUSION - -This curious optical illusion is not easily followed by eye to the -finish of the several lines. - -[Illustration] - -Each short line is, in fact, part of the circumference of a circle, and -the circles when completed will be found to be accurately concentric. It -would seem at first sight that the lines are taking courses which would -eventually meet at some point common to them all. - - -A CYCLE SURPRISE - -17. We commend this curious point to the special attention of -cyclists:-- - -A bicycle is stationary, with one pedal at its lowest point. If this -bicycle is lightly supported, and the bottom pedal is pulled backward, -what will happen? - - -No. XV.--THE GHOST OF A COIN - -[Illustration] - -A most remarkable optical illusion is produced by the blending of the -dark and light converging rays of this diagram. Stand with your back to -the light, hold the page, or better still, the diagram copied on a card, -by the lower right-hand corner, give it a continuous revolving movement -in either direction, and the visible ghost of a silver coin, sometimes -as large as sixpence, sometimes as large as a shilling, will appear! -Where can it come from? - - -ROUGH AND READY - -18. A merchant has a large pair of scales, but he has lost his weights, -and cannot at the moment replace them. A neighbour sends him six rough -stones, assuring him that with them he can weigh any number of pounds, -from 1 to 364. What did each stone weigh? - - -No. XVI.--A TAME GOOSE - -Here is a pretty form of our first illusion:-- - -[Illustration] - -Place the edge of a card on the dotted line, look down upon it in a good -light, and, as you drop your face till it almost touches the card, you -will see the goose _move towards the sugar_ in the little maiden’s hand. - - -REJECTED ADDRESSES - -19. A wheel is running along a level road, and a small clot of mud is -thrown from the hindermost part of the rim. What happens to it? Does it -ever renew its acquaintance with the wheel that has thus rejected it? - - -No. XVII.--ILLUSION OF LENGTH - -Here is another method by which an optical illusion of length is very -plainly shown:-- - - A B - +--------------+ - / \ - / \ - / \ - / \ - +------------------------+ - - A B - +--------------+ - \ / - \ / - \ / - \ / - +----+ - -Judged by appearances, the line A B in the larger figure is considerably -longer than the line A B below it, but tested by measurement they are -exactly equal. - - -THE CARELESS CARPENTER - -20. A village carpenter undertook to make a cupboard door. When he began -to put it in its place it was too big, so he took it back to his -workshop to alter it. Unfortunately he now cut it too little. What could -he do? He determined to cut it again, and it at once became a good fit. -How was this done? - - -No. XVIII.--PERPENDICULAR LINES - -Here is another excellent illustration that seeing is not always -believing. - -[Illustration] - -No one could suppose at first sight that these four lines are perfectly -straight and parallel, but they will stand the test of a straight edge. -The divergent rays distract the vision. - - -BY THE COMPASS - -21. If from the North Pole you start sailing in a south-westerly -direction, and keep a straight course for twenty miles, to what point of -the compass must you steer to get back as quickly as possible to the -Pole? - - -No. XIX.--ILLUSION OF PERSPECTIVE - -The optical illusion in the picture which we reproduce is due to the -defective drawing of the two men on the platform. In actual size upon -the paper the further man looks much taller than the other. - -[Illustration] - -Measurement, however, shows the figures to be exactly of a height. This -illusion is due to the fact that the head of the further man is quite -out of perspective. If he is about as tall as the other, and on level -ground, both heads should be about on the same line. As drawn, he is, in -fact, a monster more than eight feet high. - - -DICK IN A SWING - -22. If Dick, who is five feet in height, stands bolt-upright in a swing, -the ropes of which are twenty feet long, how much further in round -numbers do his feet travel than his head in describing a semi-circle? - - -No. XX.--OUR BLIND SPOT - -Here is an excellent and very simple illustration of a well-known -optical curiosity:-- - -[Illustration] - -Hold this picture at arm’s length in the right hand, hold the left hand -over the left eye, and draw the picture towards you gradually, looking -always at the black cross with the right eye. The black disc will -presently disappear, and then come into sight again as you continue to -advance the paper. - - -A POSER - -23. Can you name nine countries in Europe of which the initial letters -are the same as the finals? - - -FREAKS OF FIGURES - - -A HANDY SHORT CUT - -Here is a delightfully simple way in which market gardeners, or others -who buy or sell weighty produce, can check their invoices for potatoes -or what not. - -Say, for example, that a consignment weighs 6 tons, 10 cwts., 1 qr. -Then, since 20 cwts. are to a ton as 20s. are to a pound, and each -quarter would answer on these lines to 3d., we can at once write down £6 -10s. 3d., as the price at £1 the ton. On this sure basis any further -calculation is easily made. - - -No. XXI.--THE PERSISTENCE OF VISION - -[Illustration: HOW TO SEE THE GHOST] - -Look steadily, in a good light, for thirty seconds at the cross in the -eye of the pictured skull; then look up at the wall or ceiling, or look -fixedly at a sheet of paper for another thirty seconds, when a -ghost-like image of the skull will be developed. - - -NOT SO FAST! - -A gardener, when he had planted 100 trees on a line at intervals of 10 -yards, was able to walk from the first of these to the last in a few -seconds, for they were set _on the circumference of a circle_! - - -No. XXII.--THE PERSISTENCE OF VISION - -Here is another example of what is known as the persistence of vision:-- - -[Illustration] - -Look fixedly for some little time at this grotesque figure, then turn -your eyes to the wall or ceiling, and you will in a few seconds see it -appear in dark form upon a light ground. - - -A PUZZLE NUMBER - - The sum of nine figures a number will make, - Of which just a third will remain - If fifty away from the whole you should take, - Thus turning a loss to a gain. - -It needs something more than mere arithmetic to discover that the -solution to this puzzle is XLV, the sum of the nine digits, for if the L -is removed, XV, the third of XLV, remains. - - -No. XXIII.--ANOTHER PARALLEL FREAK - -Here is another curious illusion:-- - -[Illustration] - -The four straight lines are perfectly parallel, but the contradictory -herring-bones disturb the eye. - - -THE MAGIC OF FIGURES - -If our penny had been current coin in the first year of the -Christian era, and had been invested at compound interest at -five per cent., it would have amounted in 1905 to more than -£132,010,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. - -This gigantic sum would afford an income of £101,890,000,000,000,000,000 -every second to every man, woman, and child in the world, if we take its -population to be 1,483,000,000 souls! - -Absurdly small in contrast to these startling figures is the modest -eight shillings which the same penny would have yielded in the same time -at simple interest. - - -No. XXIV.--ILLUSION OF LENGTH - -Here in another form is shown the illusion of length. - -[Illustration] - -At first sight it seems that the two upright lines are distinctly longer -than the line that slopes, but it is not so. - - -WHAT IS YOUR AGE? - -Here is a neat method of discovering the age of a person older than -yourself:-- - -Subtract your own age from 99. Ask your friend to add this remainder to -his age, and then to remove the first figure and add it to the last, -telling you the result. This will always be the difference of your ages. -Thus, if you are 22, and he is 35, 99 - 22 = 77. Then 35 + 77 = 112. The -next process turns this into 13, which, added to your age, gives his -age, 35. - - -No. XXV.--THE HONEYCOMB ILLUSION - -In this diagram one hundred and twenty-one circular spots are grouped in -a diamond. - -[Illustration] - -If we half close our eyes, and look at this through our eye-lashes, we -find that it takes on the appearance of a section of honeycomb, with -hexagonal cells. - - -MULTIPLICATION NO VEXATION - -Here is a ready method for multiplying together any two numbers between -12 and 20. - -Take one of the two numbers and add it to the unit digit of the other. -Beneath the sum thus obtained, but one place to the right, put the -product of the unit digits of the two original numbers. - -The sum of these new numbers is the product of the numbers that were -chosen. Thus:-- - - 19 × 13. (19 + 3) = 22 - (9 × 3) = 27 - --- - 247 - - -No. XXVI.--CHESS CAMEO - -By Dr GOLD - -_A Chess Joke_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.b.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| p |...| k |...| |.K.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.n.| |.P.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.P.| |...| p |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| N |...| N |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| B |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -Black has made an illegal move. He must replace this, and move his king -as the penalty. White then mates on the move. - - -[1]SHOT IN A PYRAMID - -Here is a method for determining the total number of balls in a solid -pyramid built up on a square base:-- - -Multiply the number of shot on one side of the base line by 2, add 3, -multiply by the number on the base line, add 1, multiply again by the -number on the base, and finally divide by 6. Thus, if the base line is -12-- - -12 × 2 + 3 = 27; 27 × 12 + 1 = 325; 325 × 12 = 3900; and 3900 ÷ 6 = 650, -which is the required number. - - [1] _N.B._--This title does not imply a tragedy. - - -No. XXVII.--CHESS CAMEO - -By A. CYRIL PEARSON - -_A Chess Puzzle_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.p.| |...| |.p.| p | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.P.| |.P.| |.k.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.p.| K |.N.| P |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| p |...| R |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.N.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.q.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White might have given mate on the last move. White now to retract his -move, and mate at once. - -_Show by analysis the mating position._ - - -No. XXVIII.--CHESS CAMEO - -By J. G. CAMPBELL - -_A very Clever Device_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| p |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.P.| |.p.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| K |...| p |...| |.B.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | P |...| |.P.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.p.| p | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.P.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| K |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play and draw. - - -COMIC ARITHMETIC - -“Now, boys,” said Dr Bulbous Roots to class, “you shall have a -half-holiday if you prove in a novel way that 10 is an even number.” - -Next morning, when the doctor came into school, he found this on the -blackboard:-- - - SIX = 6 - IX = 9 - --------- - By subtraction S = -3 - - SEVEN = 7 - S = -3 - ------------ - Therefore EVEN = 10 - - Q. E. D. - (_Quite easily done!_) - -The half-holiday was won. - - -No. XXIX.--CHESS CAMEO - -By E. B. COOK - -_A Fine Example_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.k.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.R.| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | K |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| p |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and draw. - - -No. XXX.--CHESS CAMEO - -By A. F. MACKENZIE - -_A Prize Problem_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.r.| |...| |.b.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.p.| |...| |...| |.P.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |.q.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.N.| b |...| |...| |...| K | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | p |.P.| |.k.| P |...| R |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.p.| P |.p.| |.B.| R | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| n |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.N.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in two moves. - -There are twelve variations in this beautiful problem. - - -MAGIC MULTIPLICATION - -It will interest all who study short cuts and contrivances to know that -a novice at arithmetic who has mastered simple addition, and can -multiply or divide by 2, but by no higher numbers, can, by using all -these methods, multiply any two numbers together easily and accurately. - -This is how it is done:-- - -Write down the numbers, say 53 and 21, divide one of them by 2 as often -as possible, omitting remainders, and multiply the other by 2 the same -number of times; set these down side by side, as in the instance given -below, and wherever there is an _even_ number on the division side, -strike out the corresponding number on the multiplication side. Add up -what remains on that side, and the sum is done. Thus:-- - - 53 21 - 26 (42) - 13 84 - 6 (168) - 3 336 - 1 672 - ------ - 1113 - - which is 53 multiplied by 21. - - -No. XXXI.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY A. W. GALITZKY - -_A Prize Problem_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.B.| q |.n.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| p | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| N |...| R |...| P |.P.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| k |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| b |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| n |...| |...| |.K.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in two moves. - - -No. XXXII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY S. LOYD - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.N.| |.p.| |.p.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.p.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.k.| N |.q.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.n.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.K.| |...| |.B.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in two moves. - - -No. XXXIII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY B. G. LAWS - -_A Prize Problem_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.q.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| n |.p.| |.p.| p |...| k | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | N |...| P |...| k |.b.| |.R.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| n |...| |.B.| |...| R | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.r.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in two moves. - - -PERFECT NUMBERS - -The following particulars about a very rare property of numbers will be -new and interesting to many of our readers:-- - -The number 6 can only be divided without remainder by 1, 2, and 3, -excluding 6 itself. The sum of 1 + 2 + 3 is 6. The only exact divisors -of 28 are 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14, and the sum of these is 28; 6 and 28 are -therefore known as perfect numbers. - -The only other known numbers which fulfil these conditions are 496; -8128; 33,550,336; 8,589,869,056; 137,438,691,328; and - - 2,305,843,008,139,952,128. - -This most remarkable rarity of perfect numbers is a symbol of their -perfection. - - -No. XXXIV.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY EMIL HOFFMANN - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| q |...| |.B.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.R.| |...| |...| |.Q.| n | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| k |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.b.| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.R.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.p.| |...| B |...| n |...| b | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | K |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in two moves. There are no less than twelve -variations! - - -No. XXXV.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY J. POSPICIL - -_A Prize Problem_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |.N.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| N |...| |...| |...| p | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| n |...| B |.p.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.k.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.K.| |...| |...| P |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| P |.n.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.Q.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in two moves. - - -AMICABLE NUMBERS - -Somewhat akin to perfect numbers are what are known as amicable numbers, -of which there is a still smaller quantity in the realm of numbers. - -The number 220 can be divided without remainder only by 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, -11, 22, 44, 55, and 110, and the sum of these divisors is 284. The only -divisors of 284 are 1, 2, 4, 71, and 142, and the sum of these is 220. - -The only other pairs of numbers which fulfil this curious mutual -condition, that the sum of the divisors of each number exactly equals -the other number, are 17,296 with 18,416, and 9,363,584 with 9,437,056. -No other numbers, at least below ten millions, are in this way -“amicable.” - - -No. XXXVI.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY H. J. C. ANDREWS - -_A Prize Problem_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| K |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.Q.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.B.| |...| |...| |.R.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| k |.N.| |.b.| R | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | P |...| |...| |...| P |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| k |...| p |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | B |...| |.P.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in two moves. - - -No. XXXVII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY ALFRED DE MUSSET - -_A Gem of the First Water_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| n | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| N |...| |.k.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.N.| |...| |.K.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.R.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -A SWARM OF ONES - - 1 × 9 + 2 = 11 - 12 × 9 + 3 = 111 - 123 × 9 + 4 = 1111 - 1234 × 9 + 5 = 11111 - 12345 × 9 + 6 = 111111 - 123456 × 9 + 7 = 1111111 - 1234567 × 9 + 8 = 11111111 - 12345678 × 9 + 9 = 111111111 - - -No. XXXVIII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY FRANK HEALEY - -_A Masterpiece_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.B.| N |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.P.| |...| |.p.| |.p.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| K |...| k |.b.| P |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.Q.| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.n.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -DIVINATION BY FIGURES - -There is a pleasant touch of mystery in the following method of -discovering a person’s age:--Ask any such subjects of your curiosity to -write down the tens digit of the year of their birth, to multiply this -by 5, to add 2 to the product, to multiply this result by 2, and finally -to add the units digit of their birth year. Then, taking the paper from -them, subtract the sum from 100. This will give you their age in 1896, -from which their present age is easily determined. - - -No. XXXIX.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY FRANK HEALEY - -_The “Bristol Prize Problem”_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| n |...| |...| N |.p.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.N.| |...| |...| Q |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| b |.k.| P |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | p |...| p |...| |.p.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.P.| |.P.| |...| R |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.P.| |...| P |.K.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.B.| |...| R |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -FUR AND FEATHERS - -As I came in after a day among the birds and rabbits, the keeper asked -me--“Well, sir, what sport?” I replied, “36 heads and 100 feet.” It took -him some time to calculate that I had accounted for 22 birds and 14 -rabbits. - - -No. XL.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY J. E. CAMPBELL - -_Splendid Strategy_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.N.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| p |.p.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.B.| |.k.| p |.P.| |.n.| Q | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| p |.N.| |.P.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| B |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| K |.R.| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -JUGGLING WITH THE DIGITS - -The nine digits can be arranged to form fractions equivalent to - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 - -thus:-- - - 5823 1 7956 1 2973 1 2943 1 5274 1 - ----- = - ----- = - ----- = - ----- = - ----- = - - 17469 3 31824 4 14865 5 17658 6 36918 7 - - 9321 1 8361 1 - ----- = - ----- = - - 74568 8 75249 9 - - -No. XLI.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY W. GRIMSHAW - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.N.| |...| K |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.b.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| k |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.P.| p |.p.| p |.P.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.P.| P | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.Q.| |...| |...| R |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -No. XLII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY S. LOYD - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| P |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.K.| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |.p.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.p.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.Q.| |...| |.N.| k |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -A MOTOR PROBLEM - -This motor problem will be new and amusing to many readers:-- - -Let _m_ be the driver of a motor-car, working with velocity _v_. If a -sufficiently high value is given to _v_, it will ultimately reach _pc_. -In most cases _v_ will then = _o_. For low values of _v_, _pc_ may be -neglected; but if _v_ be large it will generally be necessary to square -_pc_, after which _v_ will again assume a positive value. - -By a well-known elementary theorem, _pc_ + _lsd_ = (_pc_)², but the -squaring may sometimes be effected by substituting _x_³ (or × × ×) for -_lsd_. This is preferable, if _lsd_ is small with regard to _m_. If -_lsd_ be made sufficiently large, _pc_ will vanish. - -Now if _jp_ be substituted for _pc_ (which may happen if the difference -between _m_ and _pc_ be large) the solution of the problem is more -difficult. No value of _lsd_ can be found to effect the squaring of -_jp_, for, as is well-known, (_jp_)² is an impossible quantity. - - -No. XLIII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY J. G. CAMPBELL - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| p |...| Q | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.k.| N |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.N.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| P |...| B |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.P.| p |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |.K.| |.B.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -No. XLIV.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY FRANK HEALEY - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.K.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.R.| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.P.| k |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |.Q.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -A NEAT METHOD OF DIVISION - -To divide any sum easily by 99, cut off the two right-hand figures of -the dividend and add them to all the others. Set down the result of this -in line below, and then repeat this process until no figures remain on -the left to be thus dealt with. - -Now draw a line down between the tens and hundreds columns, and add all -up on the left of it, thus:-- - - 8694 | 32 120 | 78 - 87 | 26 1 | 98 - 1 | 13 | 99 - | 14 ------------ - ------------- 121 and 99 over. - 8782 and 14 over. In other words, 122. - -The last number on the right of the lines shows always the remainder. If -this should appear as 99 (as in the second example above), add one to -the number on the left. - - -No. XLV.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY BLUMENTHAL AND KUND - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| K |...| |.R.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| B |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | p |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.r.| n |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | k |...| p |...| |...| |.Q.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| N |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | b |.P.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -No. XLVI.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY A. F. MACKENZIE - -_A Prize Problem_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |.R.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.p.| |.B.| |...| Q | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | n |...| |.R.| |...| |.b.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.p.| |.k.| P |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | K |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.n.| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -A SMART SCHOOLBOY - -The question, “How many times can 19 be subtracted from a million?” was -set by an examiner, who no doubt expected that the answer would be -obtained by dividing a million by 19. One bright youth, however, filled -a neatly-written page with repetitions of - - 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 - 19 19 19 - --------- --------- --------- - 999,981 999,981 999,981 - -and added at the foot of the page, “_N.B._--I can do this as often as -you like.” - -There was a touch of unintended humour in this, for, after all, the boy -gave a correct answer to a badly worded question. - - -No. XLVII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY A. CYRIL PEARSON - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.N.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| r |.n.| |...| n |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |.R.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.P.| k |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| p |.P.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.Q.| |.P.| |.K.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| P |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -No. XLVIII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY FRANK HEALEY - -_Quite a Gem_ - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |.b.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| n |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.K.| |...| |...| |.Q.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.P.| |.k.| b |...| P |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.R.| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | B |...| |...| |.P.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -LEWIS CARROLL’S SHORT CUT - -Here is a very smart and very simple method of dividing any multiple of -9 by 9, from the fertile brain of Lewis Carroll:--Place a cypher over -the final figure, subtract the final figure from this, place the result -above in the tens place, subtract the original tens figure from this, -and so on to the end. Then the top line, excluding the intruded cypher, -gives the result desired. Thus:-- - - 36459 ÷ 9 = 4051,0 - = 4051. - 36459 - - -No. XLIX.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY A. BAYERSDORFER - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| K |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.k.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.p.| B |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| Q |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -ANOTHER FREAK OF FIGURES - - 1 × 8 + 1 = 9 - 12 × 8 + 2 = 98 - 123 × 8 + 3 = 987 - 1234 × 8 + 4 = 9876 - 12345 × 8 + 5 = 98765 - 123456 × 8 + 6 = 987654 - 1234567 × 8 + 7 = 9876543 - 12345678 × 8 + 8 = 98765432 - 123456789 × 8 + 9 = 987654321 - - -No. L.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY J. DOBRUSKY - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.n.| |...| |...| B |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| q |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| k |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.R.| N |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| K |.R.| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | Q |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.n.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -DIVINATION BY NUMBERS - -Here is one of the methods by which we can readily discover a number -that is thought of. The thought-reader gives these directions to his -subject: “Add 1 to three times the number you have thought of; multiply -the sum by 3; add to this the number thought of; subtract 3, and tell me -the remainder.” This is always ten times the number thought of. Thus, if -6 is thought of--6 × 3 + 1 = 19; 19 × 3 = 57; 57 + 6 - 3 = 60, and 60 ÷ -10 = 6. - - -No. LI.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY KONRAD BAYER - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | p |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.k.| |.K.| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | b |.p.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.P.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.R.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -COINCIDENCES - -Here is a curious rough rule for remembering distances and sizes:-- - -The diameter of the earth multiplied by 108 gives approximately the -sun’s diameter. The diameter of the sun multiplied by 108 gives the mean -distance of the earth from the sun. The diameter of the moon multiplied -by 108 gives the mean distance of the moon from the earth. - - -No. LII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY J. BERGER - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| B |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| p |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| k |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.B.| Q |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.p.| |.K.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -PERSONAL ARITHMETIC - - Says Giles, “My wife and I are two, - Yet faith I know not why, sir.” - Quoth Jack, “You’re ten, if I speak true, - She’s one, and you’re a cypher!” - - -No. LIII.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY H. F. L. MEYER - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| R |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| k |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | b |.p.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| p |...| P |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.K.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.B.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| Q |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -DIVISION BY SUBTRACTION - -Here is a curious and quite uncommon method of dividing any multiple of -11 by 11. - -Set down the multiple of 11, place a cypher under its last figure, draw -a line, and subtract, placing the first remainder under the tens place. -Subtract this from the next number in order, and so on throughout, -adding in always any number that is carried. Thus:-- - - 363 56408 375034 - 0 0 0 - --- ----- ------ - 33 5128 34094 - - -No. LIV.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY FRANK HEALEY - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.B.| |...| |...| |...| p | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.r.| p |.p.| |...| b |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.k.| n |...| |.Q.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | P |...| |...| p |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.K.| |...| |.P.| |...| N | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | B |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -LUCK IN ODD NUMBERS - -Perhaps the old saying, “there is luck in odd numbers,” may have some -connection with the curious fact that the sum of any quantity of -consecutive odd numbers, beginning always with 1, is the square of that -number. Thus:-- - - 1 + 3 + 5 = 9 = 3 × 3. - 1 + 3 + 5, etc., up to 17 = 81 = 9 × 9. - 1 + 3 + 5, etc., up to 99 = 2500 = 50 × 50. - - -No. LV.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY FRANK HEALEY - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.K.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.n.| |...| |.p.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.N.| |.k.| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |.N.| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.P.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.n.| Q |.P.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -THE VERSATILE NUMBER - -In the number 142857, if the digits which belong to it are in succession -transposed from the first place to the end, the result is in each case a -multiple of the original number. Thus:-- - - 285714 = 142857 × 2 - 428571 = 142857 × 3 - 571428 = 142857 × 4 - 714285 = 142857 × 5 - 857142 = 142857 × 6 - - -No. LVI.--CHESS CAMEO - -BY J. E. CAMPBELL - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |.p.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| p |...| p |...| B | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |.k.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| K |...| N |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |...| |...| |.P.| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.R.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in three moves. - - -A PARADOX - -By the following simple method, a plausible attempt is made to prove -that 1 is equal to 2:-- - -Suppose that _a_ = _b_, then - - _ab_ = _a_² - - ∴ _ab_ - _b_² = _a_² - _b_² - - ∴ _b_(_a_ - _b_) = (_a_ + _b_)(_a_ - _b_) - - ∴ _b_ = _a_ + _b_ - - ∴ _b_ = 2_b_ - - ∴ 1 = 2 - -This process only proves in reality that 0 × 1 = 0 × 2, which is true. - - -No. LVII.--CHESS CAMEO - -_Double First Prize_ - -BY A. CYRIL PEARSON - - BLACK - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| b |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| p |.K.| |...| p | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| p |...| |.p.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| B |.k.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.b.| |...| |...| P |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.N.| |.N.| |.P.| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.R.| |.P.| |.R.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |.b.| q |...| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - WHITE - -White to play, and mate in four moves. - - -QUICK CALCULATION - -Few people know a very singular but simple method of calculating rapidly -how much any given number of pence a day amounts to in a year. The rule -is this:--Set down the given number of pence as pounds; under this place -its half, and under that the result of the number of original pence -multiplied always by five. Take, for example, 7d a day:-- - - £7 0 0 - 3 10 0 - 2 11 - --------- - £10 12 11 - --------- - -The reason for this is evident as soon as we remember that the 365 days -of a year may be split up into 240, 120, and 5, and that 240 happens to -be the number of pence in a pound. - - -SCIENCE AT PLAY - - -No. LVIII.--THE GEARED WHEELS - -A small wheel with ten teeth is geared into a large fixed wheel which -has forty teeth. This small wheel, with an arrow mark on its highest -cog, is revolved completely round the large wheel. How often during its -course is the arrow pointing directly upwards? Here is a diagram of the -starting position. - -[Illustration] - - -No. LIX.--ADVANCING BACKWARDS - -Here is a most curious and interesting question:--When an engine is -drawing a train at full speed from York to London, what part of the -train at any given moment is moving _towards York_? - -At any time, when the engine is drawing a train at full speed from York -to London, that part of the flange of each wheel which is for the moment -at its lowest is actually _moving backwards towards York_. - -[Illustration] - -For any point, such as A, on the circumference of the tyre, describes in -running along a series of curves, as shown by _full_ lines in the -diagram; and any point, B, on the outer edge of the flange, follows a -path shown by the _dotted_ curves. - -If these lines are followed round with a pencil in the direction of the -arrows, it will be found that the point on the flange actually moves -_backwards_ as it passes _below the track_, while the point A, as it -completes each curve, is _at rest_ for the instant on the track, just -before it starts afresh. The speed of the train does not affect these -very curious facts. - - -No. LX.--THE FIFTEEN BRIDGES - -In the subjoined diagram A and B represent two islands, round which a -river runs as is indicated, with fifteen connecting bridges, that lead -from the islands to the river’s banks. - -[Illustration] - -Can you contrive to pass in turn over all these bridges without ever -passing over the same one twice? - - -ARRANGING THE DIGITS - -In a school where two boys were taught to think out the bearings of -their work, a sharp pupil remarked that 100 is represented on paper by -the smallest digit and two cyphers, which are in themselves symbols of -nothing. The master, quick to catch any signs of mental activity, took -the opportunity to propound to his class the following ingenious -puzzle:--How can the sum of 100 be represented exactly in figures and -signs by making use of all the nine digits in their reverse order? This -is how it is done:-- - - 9 × 8 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 100. - -Another ingenious method of using the nine digits, so that by simple -addition they sum up to exactly 100, and each is used once only, is -this:-- - - 15 + 36 + 47 = 98 + 2 = 100 - -Here is another arrangement by which the nine digits written in their -inverse order can be made to represent exactly 100:-- - - 98 - 76 + 54 + 3 + 21 = 100. - -Here is yet another way of arriving at 100 by using each of the digits, -this time with an 0:-- - - 40¹⁄₂ - 59³⁸⁄₇₆ - -------- - 100 - - -No. LXI.--LOOPING THE LOOP - -Here is quite a pretty scientific experiment, which any one of a handy -turn can construct and arrange:-- - -[Illustration] - -The spiral track is formed of two wires bent, and connected by curved -cross-pieces. The upper twist is turned so that the ball starts on a -horizontal course. - -During the accelerated descent the ball acquires momentum enough to keep -it on the vertical track, held outwardly against the wires by -centrifugal force. - -Convenient proportions are: height of spiral two feet, diameter six -inches, and wire rails three-quarters of an inch apart. - - -No. LXII.--A MECHANICAL BIRD - -A close approach to an ideal flying machine can be made with a little -ingenuity. Two Y-shaped standards, secured to the backbone rod, support -two wires which carry wings of thin silk, provided with light stays, and -connected at their inner corners with the backbone by threads. - -[Illustration] - -Rubber bands are attached to a loop on the inner end of the crank shaft, -and secured to a post at the rear. These are twisted by turning the -shaft with the cross wire, and when the tension is released the wings -beat the air and carry the bird forward. It is known as Penaud’s -mechanical bird, and has been sold as an attractive toy. - - -No. LXIII.--LINE OF SWIFTEST DESCENT - -A simple apparatus constructed on the lines of this illustration will -give an interesting proof of the laws which govern falling bodies on an -inclined plane or on a curved path. - -[Illustration] - -In the case of the inclined plane the ball is governed by the usual law -which controls falling bodies. In that of the concave circular curve, as -it is accelerated rapidly at the start, it makes its longer journey in -quicker time. In the case of the cycloidal curve it acquires a high -velocity. This curve has therefore been called “the curve of swiftest -descent,” as a falling body passes over it in less time than upon any -path except the vertical. - - -No. LXIV.--A CENTRIFUGAL RAILWAY - -Here is another very simple and pretty illustration of the natural -forces which come into play in “looping the loop.” - -[Illustration] - -This scientific toy on a small scale may be easily made, if care is -taken that the height of the higher end of the rails is to the height of -the circular part in a greater ratio than 5 to 4. - -A ball started at the higher end follows the track throughout, and at -one point is held by centrifugal force against the under side of the -rails, against the force of gravity. - - -No. LXV.--A QUESTION OF GRAVITY - -If a ball is fired point blank from a perfectly horizontal gun, and -travels half a mile over a level plain before it touches ground, and -another similar ball is at the same moment dropped from the same height -by some mechanical means, the two balls will touch ground -simultaneously. The flight, however long, of one through the air has no -influence upon the force of gravity, which draws it earthward at the -same resistless rate as it draws the other that is merely dropped. - -[Illustration] - - -A SHORT CUT - -A quick method of multiplying any number of figures by 5 is to divide -them by 2, annexing a cypher to the result when there is no remainder, -and if there is any remainder annexing a 5. Thus:-- - - 464 × 5 = 2320; 464 ÷ 2 = 232, annex 0, = 2320. - 753 × 5 = 3765; 753 ÷ 2 = 376, annex 5, = 3765. - - -No. LXVI.--A DUCK HUNT - -A duck begins to swim round the edge of a circular pond, and at the same -moment a water spaniel starts from the middle of the pond in pursuit of -it. - -[Illustration] - -If both swim at the same pace, how must the dog steer his course so that -he is sure in any case to overtake the duck speedily? - - -THE MAGIC OF DATES - -LOUIS NAPOLEON, EMPEROR 1852 - - 1852 1852 1852 - date 1 date 1 date 1 - of 8 of 8 of 8 - his 0 Empress’s 2 their 5 - birth 8 birth 6 marriage 3 - ---- ---- ---- - 1869 1869 1869 - -Thus, by a most remarkable series of coincidences, the principal dates -of the Emperor and Empress of the French added, as is shown above, to -the year of the Emperor’s accession, express in each instance the year -before his fall. - - -No. LXVII.--GEOMETRY WITH DOMINOES - -In this domino diagram we have a pretty and practical proof that the -squares of the sides containing the right angle in any right-angled -triangle are together equal to the square of the side opposite to the -right angle. - -[Illustration] - -Each stone forms two squares, and it is easily seen that the number of -squares which make up the whole square on the line opposite the right -angle are equal to the number of those which make up the two whole -squares on the lines which contain that angle. - -A second point to be noticed is that the number of pips on the large -square are equal to the number on the other two squares combined, an -arrangement of the stones which forms quite a game of patience to -reproduce, if this pattern is not at hand. - - -No. LXVIII.--TO COLOUR MAPS - -Four colours at most are needed to distinguish the surfaces of separate -districts on any plane map, so that no two with a common boundary are -tinted alike. - -[Illustration] - -On this diagram A, B, and C, are adjoining districts, on a plane -surface, and X borders, in one way or another, upon each. - -It is clearly impossible to introduce a fifth area which shall so adjoin -these four districts as to need another tint. - - -A FREAK OF FIGURES - -Here is another freak of figures:-- - - 9 × 1 - 1 = 8 - 9 × 21 - 1 = 188 - 9 × 321 - 1 = 2888 - 9 × 4321 - 1 = 38888 - 9 × 54321 - 1 = 488888 - 9 × 654321 - 1 = 5888888 - 9 × 7654321 - 1 = 68888888 - 9 × 87654321 - 1 = 788888888 - 9 × 987654321 - 1 = 8888888888 - - -No. LXIX.--THE TETHERED BIRD - -A bird made fast to a pole six inches in diameter by a cord fifty feet -long, in its flight first uncoils the cord, _keeping it always taut_, -and then recoils it in the reverse direction, rewinding the coils close -together. If it starts with the cord fully coiled, and continues its -flight until it brings up against the pole, how far does it fly in its -double course? - -[Illustration] - - -STRIKE IT OUT - -Ask a person to write down in a line any number of figures, then to add -them all together as units, and to subtract the result from the sum set -down. Let him then strike out any one figure, and add the others -together as units, telling you the result. - -If this has been correctly done, the figure struck out can always be -determined by deducting the final total from the multiple of 9 next -above it. If the total happens to be a multiple of 9, then a 9 was -struck out. - - -No. LXX.--THE MOVING DISC AND THE FLY - -A fly, starting from the point A, just outside a revolving disc, and -always making straight for its mate at the point B, crosses the disc in -four minutes, while the disc is revolving twice. What effect has the -revolution of the disc on the path of the fly? - -[Illustration] - - -A MAGIC SQUARE - -This Magic Square is so arranged that the product of the continued -multiplication of the numbers in each row, column, or diagonal is 4096, -which is the cube of the central 16. - - +---+---+---+ - | 8|256| 2| - +---+---+---+ - | 4| 16| 64| - +---+---+---+ - |128| 1| 32| - +---+---+---+ - - -No. LXXI.--A SHUNTING PUZZLE - -The railway, D E F, has two sidings, D B A and F C A, connected at A. -The rails at A, common to both, are long enough to hold a single wagon -such as P or Q, but too short to admit the whole of the engine R, which, -if it runs up either siding, must return the same way. - -[Illustration] - -How can the engine R be used to interchange the wagons P and Q without -allowing any flying shunts?--From _Ball’s Mathematical Recreations_. - - -No. LXXII.--A CURIOUS FACT - -It is a little known and very interesting fact that an equilateral -triangle can easily be drawn by rule of thumb in the following -way:--Take a triangle of any shape or size, and on each of its sides -erect an equilateral triangle. Find and join the centres of these, and a -fourth equilateral triangle is always thus formed, as shown by the -dotted lines. - -[Illustration] - -These centres are _centres of gravity_, and they are symmetrically -distributed around the centre of gravity of the original triangle. - -The figure formed by joining them must therefore be symmetrical, and, as -in this case, it is a triangle, it _must be_ always equilateral. - - -No. LXXIII.--TRY THIS EXPERIMENT - -There can be no better instance of how the eye may be deceived than is -so strikingly afforded in these very curious diagrams:-- - -[Illustration] - -The square which obviously contains sixty-four small squares, is to be -cut into four parts, as is shown by the thicker lines. When these four -pieces are quite simply put together, as shown in the second figure, -there seem to be sixty-five squares instead of sixty-four. - -This phenomena is due to the fact that the edges of the four pieces, -which lie along the diagonal A B, do not exactly coincide in direction. -In reality they _include a very narrow diamond_, not easily detected, -whose area is just equal to that of one of the sixty-four small squares. - - -FIGURES IN SWARMS - -Very curious are the results when the nine digits in reverse order are -multiplied by 9 and its multiples up to 81. Thus:-- - - 987654321 × 9 = 8888888889 - × 18 = 17777777778 - × 27 = 26666666997 - × 36 = 35555555556 - × 45 = 44444444445 - × 54 = 53333333334 - × 63 = 62222222223 - × 72 = 71111111112 - × 81 = 80000000001 - -It will be seen that the figures by which the reversed digits are -multiplied reappear at the beginning and end of each result except the -first, and that the figures repeated between them are to be found by -dividing the divisors by 9 and subtracting the result from 9. Thus, 54 ÷ -9 = 6, and 9 - 6 = 3. - - -No. LXXIV.--A TRIANGLE OF TRIANGLES - -[Illustration] - -In this nest of triangles there are no less than six hundred and -fifty-three distinct triangles of various shapes and sizes. - - -No. LXXV.--PHARAOH’S SEAL - -In a chamber of the Great Pyramid an ancient Egyptian jar was found, -marked with the device now known as Pharaoh’s seal. - -[Illustration] - -Can you count the number of triangles or pyramids, of many sizes, but -all of similar shape that are expressed on it? Solvers should draw the -figure on a larger scale. - - -MAKING CUBES - -It is interesting to note that the repeated addition of odd numbers to -one another can be so arranged as to produce cube numbers in due -sequence. Thus:-- - - 1 = 1 × 1 × 1 - 3 + 5 = 2 × 2 × 2 - 7 + 9 + 11 = 3 × 3 × 3 - 13 + 15 + 17 + 19 = 4 × 4 × 4 - 21 + 23 + 25 + 27 + 29 = 5 × 5 × 5 - -and so on, to any extent. - - -No. LXXVI.--ROUND THE GARDEN - -In a large old-fashioned garden walks were arranged round a central -fountain in the shape of a Maltese cross. - -[Illustration] - -If four persons started at noon from the fountain, walking round the -four paths at two, three, four and five miles an hour respectively, at -what time would they meet for the third time at their starting-point, if -the distance on each track was one-third of a mile? - - -A NICE SHORT CUT - -When the tens of two numbers are the same, and their units added -together make ten, multiply the units together, increase one of the tens -by unity, and multiply it by the other ten. The result is the product of -the two original numbers, if the first result follows the other. Thus:-- - - 43 × 47 = 2021. - - -No. LXXVII.--A JOINER’S PUZZLE - -Can you cut Fig. A into two parts, and so rearrange these that they form -either Fig. B or Fig. C? - - +--------------+ - | | - +--------------+ | +--+ - | | | | - | | +-----------------+ | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | | | | +--+ | - | | | | | | - +--------------+ +-----------------+ +--------------+ - A B C - -The two parts of A must not be _turned round_ to form B or C, but must -retain their original direction. - - -A CALCULATION - -Coal may fail us, but we can never run short of material for “words that -burn.” It has been calculated that if a man could read 100,000 words in -an hour, and there were 4,650,000 men available, they could not -pronounce the possible variations which could be formed from the -alphabet in 70,000 years! - - -A PARADOX - -It is possible, in a sense, by the following neat method, to take 45 -from 45, and find that 45 remains:-- - - 987654321 = 45. - 123456789 = 45. - --------- - 864197532 = 45. - - -No. LXXVIII.--THE BROKEN OCTAGON - -Cut out in stiff cardboard four pieces shaped as Fig. 1, four as Fig. 2, -and four as Fig. 3, taking care that they are all exactly true to -pattern in shape and proportion to one another. - -[Illustration] - -Now see whether you can put the twelve pieces together so as to form a -perfect octagon. - - -PROPERTIES OF SEVEN - -Here is a proof that 7, if it cannot rival the mystic 9, has quaint -properties of its own:-- - - 15873 × 7 = 111111 - 31746 × 7 = 222222 - 47619 × 7 = 333333 - 63492 × 7 = 444444 - 79365 × 7 = 555555 - 95238 × 7 = 666666 - 111111 × 7 = 777777 - 126984 × 7 = 888888 - 142857 × 7 = 999999 - - -A SWARM OF EIGHTS - -Here is an arithmetical curiosity:-- - - 9 × 9 + 7 = 88 - 9 × 98 + 6 = 888 - 9 × 987 + 5 = 8888 - 9 × 9876 + 4 = 88888 - 9 × 98765 + 3 = 888888 - 9 × 987654 + 2 = 8888888 - 9 × 9876543 + 1 = 88888888 - 9 × 98765432 + 0 = 888888888 - - -No. LXXIX.--AT A DUCK POND - -A farmer’s wife kept a pure strain of Aylesbury ducks for market on a -square pond, with a duck-house at each corner. As trade grew brisk she -found that she must enlarge her pond. An ingenious neighbour undertook -to arrange this without altering the shape of the pond, and without -disturbing the duck-houses. What was his plan? - - ○-------------○ - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - ○-------------○ - - -STRANGE SUBTRACTION - -It would seem impossible to subtract 69 from 55, but it can be arranged -thus, with six as a remainder:-- - - SIX IX XL - IX X L - ------------- - S I X - ============= - - -No. LXXX.--ALL ON THE SQUARE - -Cut out in cardboard twenty triangular pieces exactly the size and shape -of this one, and try to place them together so that they form a perfect -square. - -[Illustration] - - -ANOTHER MYSTIC NUMBER - -The decimal equivalent of ¹⁄₁₃ is .076923. This (omitting the point), -multiplied by 1, 3, 4, 9, 10, or 12, yields results in which the same -figures appear in varied order, but similar sequence, and multiplied by -2, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 11, it yields a different series, with similar -characteristics. Thus:-- - - 76923 × 1 = 76923 - × 3 = 230769 - × 4 = 307692 - × 9 = 692307 - × 10 = 769230 - × 12 = 923076 - - 76923 × 2 = 153846 - × 5 = 384615 - × 6 = 461538 - × 7 = 538461 - × 8 = 615384 - × 11 = 846153 - - -DON’T BUY IT TO TRY IT - -A kaleidoscope cylinder contains twenty small pieces of coloured glass. -As we turn it round, or shake it, so as to make ten changes of pattern -every minute, it will take the inconceivable space of time of -462,880,899,576 years and 360 days to exhaust all the possible -symmetrical variations. (The 360 days is good!) - - -No. LXXXI.--PINS AND DOTS - -Here is an amusing little exercise for the ingenuity of our solvers. - - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - -Take six sharp pins, and puzzle out how to stick them into six of the -black dots, so that no two pins, are on the same line, in any direction, -vertical, horizontal, or diagonal. - - -No. LXXXII.--A TRICKY COURSE - -The middle of a large playground was paved with sixty-four square -flagstones of equal size, which are numbered on this diagram from one to -sixty-four. - - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - | _1_| _9_|_17_|_25_|_33_|_41_|_49_|_57_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - | _2_|_10_|_18_|_26_|_34_|_42_|_50_|_58_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - | _3_|_11_|_19_|_27_|_35_|_43_|_51_|_59_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - | _4_|_12_|_20_|_28_|_36_|_44_|_52_|_60_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - | _5_|_13_|_21_|_29_|_37_|_45_|_53_|_61_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - | _6_|_14_|_22_|_30_|_38_|_46_|_54_|_62_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - | _7_|_15_|_23_|_31_|_39_|_47_|_55_|_63_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - | _8_|_16_|_24_|_32_|_40_|_48_|_56_|_64_| - +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+ - -One of the schoolmasters, who had a head for puzzles, took his stand -upon the square here numbered 19, and offered a prize to any boy who, -starting from the square numbered 46, could make his way to him, passing -through every square once, and only once. It was after many vain -attempts that the course was at last discovered. Can you work it out? - - -No. LXXXIII.--FOR THE CHILDREN - -Place twelve draughtsmen, or buttons, in a square, so that you count -four along each side of it, thus:-- - - ● ● ● ● - ● ● - ● ● - ● ● ● ● - -Now take the same men or buttons, and arrange them so that they form -another square, and you can count five along each side of it. - - -A GAME OF NINES - -Here is a good specimen of the eccentricities and powers of numbers:-- - - 153846 × 13 = 1999998 - 230769 × 13 = 2999997 - 307692 × 13 = 3999996 - 384615 × 13 = 4999995 - 461538 × 13 = 5999994 - 538461 × 13 = 6999993 - 615384 × 13 = 7999992 - 692307 × 13 = 8999991 - - -No. LXXXIV.--TELL-TALE TABLES - -She was quite an old maid, and her age was a most absolute secret. -Determined to discover it, her scapegrace nephew, on Christmas Eve, -produced these tables, and asked her with well simulated innocence on -which of them she could see the number of her age. - - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - | 1|23|45| | 2|23|46| |16|27|54| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - | 3|25|47| | 3|26|47| |17|28|55| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - | 5|27|49| | 6|27|50| |18|29|56| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - | 7|29|51| | 7|30|51| |19|30|57| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - | 9|31|53| |10|31|54| |20|31|58| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |11|33|55| |11|34|55| |21|48|59| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |13|35|57| |14|35|58| |22|49|60| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |15|37|59| |15|38|59| |23|50|61| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |17|39|61| |18|39|62| |24|51|62| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |19|41| | |19|42| | |25|52| | - +--+--+ A| +--+--+ B| +--+--+ C| - |21 43| | |22 43| | |26|53| | - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - | 8|27|46| | 4|23|46| |32|43|54| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - | 9|28|47| | 5|28|47| |33|44|55| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |10|29|56| | 6|29|52| |34|45|56| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |11|30|57| | 7|30|53| |35|46|57| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |12|31|58| |12|31|54| |36|47|58| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |13|40|59| |13|36|55| |37|48|59| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |14|41|60| |14|37|60| |38|49|60| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |15|42|61| |15|38|61| |39|50|61| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |24|43|62| |20|39|62| |40|51|62| - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - |25|44| | |21|44| | |41|52| | - +--+--+ D| +--+--+ E| +--+--+ F| - |26|45| | |22|45| | |42|53| | - +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ +--+--+--+ - -From her answer he was able to calculate that the old lady was -fifty-five. - -The tell-tale tables disclosed her age thus:--As it appeared in tables -A, B, C, E, and F, he added together the numbers at the top left-hand -corners, and found the total to be fifty-five. This rule applies in all -cases. - - -No. LXXXV.--A PAPER PUZZLE - -Of the many paper-cutting tricks which appeal to us none is more simple -and attractive than this:-- - - +---+ - | | - | | - +-----+ +-----+ - | | - +-----+ +-----+ - / \ | | / \ - \ / | | \ / - +-+ | | +-+ - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | | +---+-+-+---+ | | - +-+ | | | +-+ - +---+ | +-+-+ | +---+ - | +---+---+-+-+---+---+ | - | | | - +-------------+-------------+ - -Take a piece of paper, say 5 inches by 3 inches, but any oblong shape -and size will do, and after folding it four times cut it lengthways up -the centre. Unfold the pieces, and to your surprise you will find a -perfect cross and other pieces in pairs of the shapes shown above. The -puzzle is how to fold the paper. - - +--------------+----------+ - |b d¦ | - | ¦ | - | ¦ | - | e¦ | - | ¦ | - | ¦ | - |a c¦ | - +--------------+----------+ - -The paper must be folded first so that B comes upon C, then so that A -comes upon D, then from D to C, and lastly from E to C. If it is now cut -lengthways exactly along the centre the figures shown on the original -diagram will be formed, which resemble a cross and lighted candles on an -altar. - - -No. LXXXVI.--A HOME-MADE PUZZLE - -Take a thin board, about eight inches square, and mark it out into -thirty-six equal parts; bore a hole in the centre of each part, and then -fit in a small wooden peg, leaving about a quarter inch above the -surface, as is shown in Fig. 1, the section below the diagram. - -[Illustration] - -Prepare thirty-six pieces of white or coloured cardboard of the length A -to B, and place them over the pegs in any direction in which they will -fit so as to form some such symmetrical pattern as is given on the -second diagram, putting two holes only on each peg. Chess-players will -see that this is the regular knight’s move. - -[Illustration] - -Quite a number of beautiful designs can be thus formed, and those who -have not the means at hand for making a complete set can enjoy the -puzzle by merely marking out thirty-six squares, and drawing lines from -centre to centre of the exact length from A to B, with black or coloured -pencils. - - -No. LXXXVII.--LOYD’S MITRE PROBLEM - -[Illustration] - -Divide this figure into four similar and equal parts. - - -A PRETTY PROBLEM - -The solution of the pretty little problem: place three twos in three -different groups, so that twice the first group, or half the third group -equals the second group, is this:-- - - 2 1 2 2 + 2 - ----- = - 2 - - = 1 ----- = 2 - 2 + 2 2 2 2 - - -No. LXXXVIII.--CONTINUOUS LINES - -The following figure, which represents part of a brick wall, cannot be -marked out along all the edges of the bricks in less than six continuous -lines without going more than once over the same line:-- - -[Illustration] - -Here, in strong contrast to the simple figure given above, which could -not be traced without lifting the pen six times from the paper, is an -intricate design, the lines of which, on the upper or on the lower half, -can be traced without any break at all. - -[Illustration] - -The general rule that governs such cases is, that where an uneven number -of lines meet a fresh start has to be made. In the diagram now given the -only such points are at the extremities of the upper and lower halves of -the figure at A and X. At all other points two, or four, or six lines -converge, and there is no break of continuity in a tracing of the -figure. - - -No. LXXXIX.--CUT OFF THE CORNERS - -Can you suggest quite a simple and practical way to fix the points on -the sides of a square which will be at the angles of an octagon formed -by cutting off equal corners of the square, as shown below? - - A E F B - +------+--------+------+ - | / \ | - | / \ | - |/ \| - M+ +G - | | - | | - | | - L+ +H - |\ /| - | \ / | - | \ / | - +------+--------+------+ - C K I D - - -MYSTIC FIGURES - -Very interesting and curious are the properties of the figures 142857, -used in varied order but always in similar sequence, in connection with -7 and 9:-- - - 142857 × 7 = 999999 ÷ 9 = 111111 - 285714 × 7 = 1999998 ÷ 9 = 222222 - 428571 × 7 = 2999997 ÷ 9 = 333333 - 571428 × 7 = 3999996 ÷ 9 = 444444 - 714285 × 7 = 4999995 ÷ 9 = 555555 - 857142 × 7 = 5999994 ÷ 9 = 666666 - - -No. XC.--THE FIVE TRIANGLES - -The subjoined diagram shows how a square with sides that measure each 12 -yards can be divided into five triangles, no two of which are of equal -area, and of which the sides and areas can be expressed in yards by -whole numbers:-- - -[Illustration] - -The areas of these triangles are 6, 12, 24, 48, and 54 square yards -respectively, and the sum of these, 144 square yards, is the area of the -square. - - -CURIOUS COINCIDENCES - -Our readers may remember the remarkable fact that the figures of the -sum, £12, 12s. 8d., when written thus, 12,128, exactly represent the -number of farthings it contains. Now this, so far as we know, is the -only instance of the peculiarity, but there are at least five other -cases which come curiously near to it. They are these:-- - - £ s. d. - 9 9 6 = 9096 farthings - 6 6 4 = 6064 „ - 3 3 2 = 3032 „ - 10 10 6¹⁄₂ = 10106 „ - 13 13 8¹⁄₂ = 13138 „ - - -No. XCI.--PLACING A LADDER - -If a ladder, with rungs 1 foot apart, rests against a wall, and its -thirteenth rung is 12 feet above the ground, the foot of the ladder is -25 feet from the wall. - -[Illustration] - -_Proof._--Drop a perpendicular from A to B. Then, as A B C is a right -angle, and the squares on A C, A B, are 169 feet and 144 feet, the -square on C B must be 25 feet, and the length of C B is 5 feet. We thus -move 5 feet towards the wall in going 13 feet up the ladder, and in -mounting 65 feet (five times as far) we must cover 25 feet. - - -No. XCII.--GRACEFUL CURVES - -A prettily ingenious method of dividing the area of a circle into -quarters, each of them a perfect curve, with perimeter (or enclosing -line) equal to the circumference of the circle, and with which four -circles can be formed, is clearly shown by the subjoined diagrams:-- - -[Illustration] - - -NIGHTS AT A ROUND TABLE - -The host of a large hotel at Cairo noticed that his Visitors’ Book -contained the names of an Austrian, a Brazilian, a Chinaman, a Dane, an -Englishman, a Frenchman, a German, and a Hungarian. Moved by this -curious alphabetical list, he offered them all free quarters and the -best of everything if they could arrange themselves at a round -dining-table so that not one of them should have the same two neighbours -on any two occasions for 21 successive days. - -The following is one of many ways in which this arrangement can be made, -and it seems to be the simplest of them all. - -Number the persons 1 to 8; and for our first day set them down in -numerical order _except that the two centre ones (4 and 5) change -places_: - - (1st day)--1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8 - -Keep the 1 and the 7 unaltered but double each of the other numbers. -When the product is greater than 8, divide by 7, and only set down the -remainder. Thus we get: - - (8th day)--1 4 6 3 8 5 7 2 - -(Here the fourth figure 3 is 5 × 2 ÷ 7, giving _remainder_ 3, and so -on.) - -Repeat this operation once more: - - (15th day)--1 8 5 6 2 3 7 4 - -To fill in the intermediate days we have only to keep 1 unchanged and -let the remaining numbers run downwards in _simple numerical order_, -following 8 with 2, 2 with 3, and so on. Thus:-- - - 1st day--1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8 - 2nd day--1 3 4 6 5 7 8 2 - 3rd day--1 4 5 7 6 8 2 3 - 4th day--1 5 6 8 7 2 3 4 - 5th day--1 6 7 2 8 3 4 5 - 6th day--1 7 8 3 2 4 5 6 - 7th day--1 8 2 4 3 5 6 7 - ------------------------- - 8th day--1 4 6 3 8 5 7 2 - 9th day--1 5 7 4 2 6 8 3 - 10th day--1 6 8 5 3 7 2 4 - 11th day--1 7 2 6 4 8 3 5 - 12th day--1 8 3 7 5 2 4 6 - 13th day--1 2 4 8 6 3 5 7 - 14th day--1 3 5 2 7 4 6 8 - ------------------------- - 15th day--1 8 5 6 2 3 7 4 - 16th day--1 2 6 7 3 4 8 5 - 17th day--1 3 7 8 4 5 2 6 - 18th day--1 4 8 2 5 6 3 7 - 19th day--1 5 2 3 6 7 4 8 - 20th day--1 6 3 4 7 8 5 2 - 21st day--1 7 4 5 8 2 6 3 - -This completes the schedule. It will be found on examination that every -number is between every pair of the other numbers once, and once only. - -In order to reduce our first-day ring to exact numerical order we have -only to interchange the numbers 4 and 5 throughout. The first three -lines for example would then become: - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 - 1 3 5 6 4 7 8 2 - 1 5 4 7 6 8 2 3, etc. - -or, by putting letters for figures, - - A B C D E F G H - A C E F D G H B - A E D G F H B C, etc. - -An arrangement of the guests is thus arrived at for twenty-one -successive days, so that not one of them has the same two neighbours on -any two occasions. - - -No. XCIII.--MAKING MANY SQUARES - -Can you apply the two oblongs drawn below to the two concentric squares, -so as to produce thirty-one perfect squares? - - +------+ +------+ - | | | | - | | | | - +----------------------------------+ +------+ +------+ - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | +--------------------+ | +------+ +------+ - | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | - | | | | +------+ +------+ - | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | - | | | | +------+ +------+ - | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | - | +--------------------+ | +------+ +------+ - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - +----------------------------------+ +------+ +------+ - | | | | - | | | | - +------+ +------+ - - -No. XCIV.--CUT ACROSS - -Take a piece of cardboard in the form of a Greek cross with arms, as -shown here, and divide it by two straight cuts, so that the pieces when -reunited form a perfect square. - - +------+ - | | - | | - +------+ +------+ - | | - | | - +------+ +------+ - | | - | | - +------+ - - -No. XCV.--A PRETTY PUZZLE - -The diagrams which we give below show how a hollow square can be formed -of the pieces of three-quarters of another square from which a corner -has been cut away:-- - - +-------+ +-------+ +-------+-------+ - | | | | | | | - | | | +---+ | +---+---+ | - | | | | | | | | | - | +-------+ +---+ +---+---+ +---+ +---+ - | | | | | | | | | | - | | | +---+---+ | | +---+---+ | - | | | | | | - +---------------+ +---------------+ +---------------+ - - -No. XCVI.--A FIVE-FOLD SQUARE - -The subjoined diagram shows how a square of paper or cardboard may be -cut into nine pieces which, when suitably arranged, form five perfect -squares. - -[Illustration] - - -THE SOCIABLE SCHOOLGIRLS - -On how many days can fifteen schoolgirls go out for a walk so arranged -in rows of three, that no two are together more than once? - -Fifteen schoolgirls can go out for a walk on seven days so arranged in -rows of three that no two are together more than once. - -It is said, on high authority, that there are no less than -15,567,522,000 different solutions to this problem. Here is one of them, -given in _Ball’s Mathematical Recreations_, in which _k_ stands for one -of the girls, and _a_, _b_, _c_, _d_, _e_, _f_, _g_, in their -modifications, for her companions on the seven different days:-- - - +---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+ - | Sunday | Monday | Tuesday |Wednesday| Thursday| Friday |Saturday| - +---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+ - |_ka₁a₂_ |_kb₁b₂_ |_kc₁c₂_ |_kd₁d₂_ |_ke₁e₂_ |_kf₁f₂_ |_kg₁g₂_ | - |_b₁d₁f₁_ |_a₁d₂e₂_ |_a₁d₁e₁_ |_a₂b₂c₂_ |_a₂b₁c₁_ |_a₁b₂c₁_ |_a₁b₁c₂_| - |_b₂e₁g₁_ |_a₂f₂g₂_ |_a₂f₁g₁_ |_a₁f₂g₁_ |_a₁f₁g₂_ |_a₂d₂e₁_ |_a₂d₁e₂_| - |_c₁d₂g₂_ |_c₁d₁g₁_ |_b₁d₂f₂_ |_b₁e₁g₂_ |_b₂d₁f₂_ |_b₁e₂g₁_ |_b₂d₂f₁_| - |_c₂e₂f₂_ |_c₂e₁f₁_ |_b₂e₂g₂_ |_c₁e₂f₁_ |_c₂d₂g₁_ |_c₂d₁g₂_ |_c₁e₁f₂_| - +---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+ - -It is an excellent game of patience, for those who have time and -inclination, to place the figures 1 to 15 inclusive in seven such -columns, so as to fulfil the conditions. - - -No. XCVII.--THE THREE CROSSES - -It is possible from a Greek cross to cut off four equal pieces which, -when put together, will form another Greek cross exactly half the size -of the original, and by this process to leave a third Greek cross -complete. - -[Illustration] - -This is how to do it:-- - -Bisect _C D_ at _N_, _F G_ at _O_, _K L_ at _P_, and _B I_ at _Q_. - -Join _N H_, _O M_, _P A_, _Q E_, intersecting at _R_, _S_, _T_, _U_. - -Bisect _A R_ at _V_, _E S_ at _W_, _T H_ at _X_, and _M U_ at _Y_. - -Join _V Q_, _N Y_, _W P_, _O X_, _N W_, _V O_, _Q X_, _Y P_. - -Carefully cut out from the original Greek cross the newly-formed Greek -cross, and the odd pieces from around it can be arranged to form another -Greek cross. - - -No. XCVIII.--THE HAMMOCK - -The greatest number of plane figures that can be formed by the union of -ten straight lines is thirty-six. - -[Illustration] - -The two equal lines at right angles are first drawn, and each is divided -into eight equal parts. The other eight straight lines are then drawn -from _a_ to _a_, from _b_ to _b_, and so on, until the hammock-shaped -network of thirty-six plane figures is produced. - - -No. XCIX.--CUTTING A CRUMPET - -It will be seen on the diagram below that seven straight vertical cuts -with a table-knife will divide a crumpet into twenty-eight parts. - -[Illustration] - -BALANCE THE SCALES - -The nine digits can be so adjusted as to form an equation, or, if taken -as weight, to balance the scales. Thus:-- - - 9, 6¹⁄₂ = 3, 5, 7⁴⁄₈ - - -TRUE STRETCHES OF IMAGINATION - -How large is the sea? This is a bold big question, and any possible -answer involves a considerable stretch of the imagination. Here is a -startling illustration of its vast volume:-- - -If the water of the sea could be gathered into a round column, reaching -the 93,000,000 miles which separate us from the sun, the diameter of -this column would be nearly two miles and a half! - -It is perhaps even more difficult to realise that this mighty mass of -waters could be dissipated in a few moments, if the column we have -imagined could become ice, and if the entire heat of the sun could be -concentrated upon it. All would be melted in _one second of time_, and -converted into steam in eight seconds! - - -No. C.--TO MAKE AN ENVELOPE - -Many of our readers may be glad to know an easy way to make an envelope -of any shape or size. - -[Illustration] - -This diagram speaks for itself. When the lines _A B_, _A C_, _D B_, _D -C_ have been drawn, the corners of the rectangle, _H E G F_, are folded -over, as shown by the dotted lines, after the corners have been rounded, -and the margins touched with gum. - - -No. CI.--SQUARING AN OBLONG - -The diagrams below will show how a piece of paper, 15 inches long and 3 -inches wide, can be cut into five parts, and rearranged to form a -perfect square. - -[Illustration] - - -A PLAGUE OF BLOW-FLIES - -The following astounding calculation is answer enough to a question put -by one of the authors of “Rejected Addresses:”--“Who filled the -butchers’ shops with big blue flies?” - -A pair of blow-flies can produce ten thousand eggs, which mature in a -fortnight. If every egg hatches out, and there are equal numbers of -either sex, which forthwith increase and multiply at the same rapid -rate, and if their descendants do the like, so that all survive at the -end of six months, it has been calculated that, if thirty-two would fill -a cubic inch of space, the whole innumerable swarm would cover the -globe, land and sea, half a mile deep everywhere. - - -No. CII.--BY RULE OF THUMB - -Here is quite a neat way to make an equilateral triangle without using -compasses:-- - -[Illustration] - -Take a piece of paper exactly square, which we will call _A B C D_, fold -it across the middle, so as to form the crease _E F_; unfold it, and -fold it again so that the corner _D_ falls upon the crease _E F_ at _G_, -and the angle at _G_ is exactly divided. Again unfold the square, and -from _G_ draw the straight lines _G C_ and _G D_. Then _G C D_ is the -equilateral triangle required. - - -THE VALUE OF A FRENCHWOMAN - -How can we be sure that the value of a Frenchwoman is just 1 franc 8 -centimes? - -We can be sure that the exact value of a Frenchwoman is 1 franc 8 -centimes, for - - Two Frenchwomen = Deux Françaises. - Deux Françaises = deux francs seize. - (2 francs 16). - Therefore, One Frenchwoman = 1 franc 8! - - -No. CIII.--CLEARING THE WALL - -If a 52-feet ladder is set up so as just to clear a garden wall 12 feet -high and 15 feet from the building, it will touch the house 48 feet from -the ground. - -[Illustration] - -Our diagram shows this, and also, by a dotted line, the only other -possible position in which it could fulfil the conditions, if it were -then of any practical use. - - -A BURDEN OF PINS - -If one pin could be dropped into a vessel this week, two the next, four -the next, and so on, doubling each time for a year, the accumulated -quantity would be 4,503,599,627,370,495, and their weight, if we reckon -200 pins to the ounce, would amount to 628,292,358 tons, a full load for -27,924 ships as large as the _Great Eastern_, whose capacity was 22,500 -tons. - - -No. CIV.--MEMORIES OF EUCLID - -When at the signpost which said “To _A_ 4 miles, to _B_ 9 miles” on one -arm, and on the other “To _C_ 3 miles, to _D_ ---- miles,” and the boy -whom I met could only tell me that the farm he worked at was equidistant -from _A_, _B_, _C_, and _D_, and nearer to them than to the signpost, -and that all the roads ran straight, I found, thanks to memories of -Euclid, that I was 12 miles from _D_. - -[Illustration] - -Since _B A_ and _D C_ intersect outside the circle at the signpost _E_, - - therefore _A E_ × _E B_ = _C E_ × _E D_. - but _A E_ × _E B_ = 4 × 9 = 36, - therefore _C E_ × _E D_ = 36, - and _C E_ = 3, therefore _E D_ = 12. - - _Q.E.D._ - - -No. CV.--A TRANSFORMATION - -This seems to be quite a poor attempt at a Maltese cross, but there is -method in the madness of its make. - -[Illustration] - -It is possible by two straight cuts to divide this uneven cross into -four pieces which can be arranged together again so that they form a -perfect square. Where must the cuts be made, and how are the four pieces -rearranged? - - -BREVITY IS THE SOUL OF WIT - -We all remember that splendidly terse message of success sent home to -the authorities by Napier when he had conquered the armies of -Scinde--“Peccavi!” (I have sinned). - -History had an excellent opportunity for repeating itself when Admiral -Dewey defeated the Spaniel fleet, for he might have conveyed the news of -his victory by the one burning word--“Cantharides”--“The Spanish fly!” - - -No. CVI--SHIFTING THE CELLS - -In the diagram below a square is subdivided into twenty-five cells. - - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - |/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \| - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - |/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \| - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - |/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \| - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - |/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \| - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - |/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \| - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - -Can you, keeping always on the straight lines, cut this into four -pieces, and arrange these as two perfect squares, in which every -semicircle still occupies the upper half of its cell? - - -A HOME-MADE MICROSCOPE - -The following very simple recipe for a home-made microscope has been -suggested by a Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society:-- - -Take a piece of black card, make a small pinhole in it, put it close to -the eye, and look at some small object closely, such as the type of a -newspaper. A very decided magnifying power will be shown thus. - - -No. CVII.--IN A TANGLE - -Where on this diagram must we place twenty-one pins or dots so that they -fall into symmetrical design and form thirty rows, with three in each -row? - -[Illustration] - - -ON ALL FOURS - -Those who are fond of figures will find it a most interesting exercise -to see how far they are able to represent every number, from one up to a -hundred, by the use of four fours. Any of the usual signs and symbols of -arithmetic may be brought into use. Here are a few instances of what may -thus be done:-- - - 4 + 4 + 4 4 - 3 = ---------; 9 = 4 + 4 + -; - 4 4 - - 4 - 36 = 4(4 + 4) + 4; 45 = 44 + -; - 4 - - 52 = 44 + 4 + 4; 60 = 4 × 4 × 4 - 4. - - -No. CVIII.--STILL A SQUARE - -This figure, which now forms a square, and the quarter of that square, -can be so divided by two straight lines that its parts, separated and -then reunited, form a perfect square. How is this done? - - +------+------+------+ - | | | | - | | | | - +------+------+------+ - | | | - | | | - +------+------+ - - -A MAGIC SQUARE - -Here we have arranged five rows of five cards each, so that no two -similar cards are in the same lines. Counting the ace as eleven, each -row, column, and diagonal adds up to exactly twenty-six. - - /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ - | ♣ | | ♥ | | ♠ ♠ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | - | | | | | | | ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | - | | | ♥ | | ♠ | | ♥ | | ♣ | - | | | | | | | ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | - | ♣ | | ♥ | | ♠ ♠ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | - \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ - - /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ - | ♦ ♦ | | ♠ ♠ | | ♦ ♦ | | | | ♦ | - | | | ♠ | | ♦ ♦ | | | | | - | ♦ | | ♠ | | ♦ ♦ | | ♠ | | ♦ | - | | | ♠ | | ♦ ♦ | | | | | - | ♦ ♦ | | ♠ ♠ | | ♦ ♦ | | | | ♦ | - \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ - - /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ - | ♥ ♥ | | | | ♠ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | - | ♥ ♥ | | | | | | | | ♣ | - | ♥ | | ♣ | | ♠ | | ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | - | ♥ ♥ | | | | | | | | ♣ | - | ♥ ♥ | | | | ♠ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | - \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ - - /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ - | ♣ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | | ♦ ♦ | | | - | | | | | ♣ | | ♦ ♦ | | | - | ♣ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♣ | | ♦ | | ♥ | - | | | | | ♣ | | ♦ ♦ | | | - | ♣ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♣ ♣ | | ♦ ♦ | | | - \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ - - /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ - | ♦ ♦ | | ♠ ♠ | | | | | | ♣ ♣ | - | ♦ | | ♠ ♠ | | | | ♠ ♠ | | | - | ♦ | | ♠ | | ♦ | | | | ♣ | - | ♦ | | ♠ ♠ | | | | ♠ ♠ | | | - | ♦ ♦ | | ♠ ♠ | | | | | | ♣ ♣ | - \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ - -After you have looked at this Magic Square, and set it out on the table, -shuffle the cards, and try to re-arrange them so as to give the same -results. - - -No. CIX.--A TRANSFORMATION - -Cut a square of paper or cardboard into seven such pieces as are marked -in this diagram. - -[Illustration] - -Can you rearrange them so that they form the figure 8. - - -A SECRET REVEALED - -There are several ways in which strange juggling with figures and -numbers is to be done, but none is more curious than this:-- - -Ask someone, whose age you do not know, to write down secretly the date -and month of his birth in figures, to multiply this by 2, to add 5, to -multiply by 50, to add his age last birthday and 365. He then hands you -_this total only_ from this you subtract 615. This reveals to you at a -glance his age and birthday. - -Thus, if he was born April 7 and is 23, 74 (the day and the month) × 2 = -148; 148 + 5 = 153; 153 × 50 = 7650; 7650 + 23 (his age) = 7673; and -7673 + 365 = 8038. If from this you subtract 615, you have 7423, which -represents to you the _seventh day of the fourth month, 23 years age_! -This rule works out correctly in all cases. - - -No. CX.--TO MAKE AN OBLONG - -Cut out in stiff paper or cardboard two pieces of the shape and size of -the small triangle, and four pieces of the shapes and sizes of the other -three patterns--fourteen pieces in all. - -[Illustration] - -The puzzle is to fit these pieces together so that they form a perfect -oblong. - - -SLEEPERS THAT SLIP AND SLEEP - -Here is a string of sentences, which may be used as stimulating mental -gymnastics when we leave the “Land of Nod.” - -A sleeper runs on sleepers, and in this sleeper on sleepers sleepers -sleep. As this sleeper carries its sleepers over the sleepers that are -under the sleeper, a slack sleeper slips. This jars the sleeper and its -sleepers, so that they slip and no longer sleep. - - -DAYS THAT ARE BARRED - -Clever calculation has established a fact which we shall not be able to -verify by personal experience. Whatever else may happen, the first day -of a century can never fall on Sunday, Wednesday, or Friday. - - -No. CXI.--SQUARES ON THE CROSS - -On this cross there are seventeen distinct and perfect squares marked -out at their corners by asterisks. - - *-----------* - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - *-----------* - /| \ / |\ - / | \ / | \ - / | * | \ - / | / \ | \ - / | / \ | \ - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | | \ / | \ / | \ / | | - | | \ / | \ / | \ / | | - | | * | * | * | | - | | / \ | / \ | / \ | | - | | / \ | / \ | / \ | | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - \ | \ / | / - \ | \ / | / - \ | * | / - \ | / \ | / - \| / \ | / - *-----------* - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - *-----------* - -How few, and which, of these can you remove, so that not a single -perfect square remains? - - -STANDING ROOM FOR ALL - -On a globe 2 feet in diameter the Dead Sea appears but as a small -coloured dot. If it were frozen over there would be standing room on its -surface for the whole human race, allowing 6 square feet for each -person; and if they were all suddenly engulfed, it would merely raise -the level of the lake about 4 inches. - - -No. CXII.--A CHINESE PUZZLE - -Here is quite a good exercise for ingenious brains and fingers. Cut a -piece of stiff paper or cardboard into such a right-angled triangle as -is shown below. - - + - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - +----------------------------+ - - +----+ - | | - +--+ +--+ - | | - +--+ +--+ - | | - +--+ +--+ - | | - +--+ +--+ - | | - +--+ +--+ - | | - +--+ +--+ - | | - +----+ - -Can you divide this into only three pieces, which, when rearranged, will -form the design given as No. 2? - - -A DEAL IN ROSES - -I sent an order for dwarf roses to a famous nursery-garden, asking for a -parcel of less than 100 plants, and stipulating that if I planted them 3 -in a row there should be 1 over; if 4 in a row 2 over; if 5 in a row 3 -over, and if 6 in a row 4 over, as a condition for payment. - -The nurseryman was equal to the occasion, charged me for 58 trees, and -duly received his cheque. - - -No. CXIII.--FIRESIDE FUN - -This puzzle is not so easy of solution as it may seem at first sight. - -Take a counter, or a coin, and place it on one of the points; then push -it across to the opposite point, and leave it there. Do this with a -second counter or coin, starting on a vacant point, and continue this -process until every point is covered, as we place the eighth counter or -coin on the last point. - - A+ +B - | \ / | - | \ / | - | + | - | / \ | - | / \ | - H+-----------+-----------+-----------+C - \ / | | \ / - \ / | | \ / - + | | + - / \ | | / \ - / \ | | / \ - G+-----------+-----------+-----------+D - | \ / | - | \ / | - | + | - | / \ | - | / \ | - F+ +E - - -A NOVEL EXERCISE - -“Write down,” said a schoolmaster, “the nine digits in such order that -the first three shall be one third of the last three, and the central -three the result of subtracting the first three from the last.” - -The arrangement which satisfies these conditions is, 219, 438, 657. - - -CURIOUS CALCULATIONS - - -1. There is a sum of money of such sort that its pounds, shillings, and -pence, written down as one continuous number, represent exactly the -number of farthings which it contains. What is it? - - -THE SLIP CARRIAGE - -2. If on a level track a train, running all the time at 30 miles an -hour, slips a carriage, which is uniformly retarded by the brakes, and -which comes to rest in 200 yards, how far has the train itself then -travelled? - - -3. A traveller said to the landlord of an inn, “Give me as much money as -I have in my hand, and I will spend sixpence with you.” This was done, -and the process was twice repeated, when the traveller had no money -left. How much had he at first? - - -4. How can we obtain eleven by adding one-third of twelve to four-fifths -of seven? - - -FILL IN THE GAPS - -5. Can you replace the missing figures in this mutilated long division -sum? - - 215)*7*9*(1** - *** - ----- - *5*9 - *5*5 - ----- - *4* - *** - ===== - - -6. I buy as many heads of asparagus in the market as can be contained by -a string 1 foot long. Next day I take a string 2 feet long, and buy as -many as it will gird, offering double the price that I have given -before. Was this a reasonable offer? - - -ALIKE FROM EITHER END - -7. As “one good turn deserves another,” first reverse me, then reverse -my square, then my cube, then my fourth power. When all this is done no -change has been made. What am I? - - -THE SEALED BAGS - -8. How can a thousand pounds be so conveniently stored in ten sealed -bags that any sum in pounds from £1 to £1000 can be paid without -breaking any of the seals? - - -9. This is at once a problem and a puzzle:-- - - Though you twist and turn me over, - Yet no change can you discover. - Take me thrice, and cut in twain, - You will find but one remain. - - -10. Three gamblers, when they sit down to play, agree that the loser -shall always double the sum of money that the other two have before -them. After each of them has lost once, it is found that each has eight -sovereigns on the table. How much money had each at starting? - - -FIND THE MULTIPLIER - -11. When Tom’s back was turned, the boy sitting next to him rubbed out -almost all his sum. Tom could not remember the multiplier, and only -this remained on his slate-- - - 345 - .. - ----- - .... - .... - ----- - ..76. - -Can you reconstruct the sum? - - -JUGGLING WITH THE DIGITS - -12. The sum of the nine digits is 45. Can you hit upon other -arrangements of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, writing each of them once -only, which will produce the same total. Of course fractions may be -used. - - -A BRAIN TWISTER - -13. The combined ages of Mary and Ann are forty-four years. Mary is -twice as old as Ann was when Mary was half as old as Ann will be when -Ann is three times as old as Mary was when Mary was three times as old -as Ann. How old, then, is Mary? - - -14. Mr Oldboy was playing backgammon with his wife on the eve of his -golden wedding, and could not make up his mind whether he should leave a -blot where it could be taken up by an ace, or one which a tré would hit. - -His grandson, at home from Cambridge for the Christmas vacation, solved -the question for him easily. What was his decision? - - -“ASK WHERE’S THE NORTH?”--_Pope._ - -15. I am aboard a steamer, anchored in a bay where the needle points due -north, and exactly 1200 miles from the North Pole. If the course is -perfectly clear, and I steam continuously at the rate of 20 miles an -hour, always steering north by the compass needle, how long will it take -me to reach the North Pole? - - -16. Three persons, _A_, _B_, and _C_, share twenty-one wine casks of -equal capacity, of which seven are full, seven are half full, and seven -are empty. How can these be so apportioned that each person shall have -an equal number of casks, and an equal quantity of wine, without -transferring any of it from cask to cask? - - -17. A hungry mouse, in search of provender, came upon a box containing -ears of corn. He could carry three ears home at a time, and only had -opportunity to make fourteen journeys to and fro. How many ears could he -add to his store? - - -18. Take exactly equal quantities of lard and butter; mix a small piece -of the butter intimately with all the lard. From this blend take a piece -just as large as the fragment removed from the butter, and mix this -thoroughly with the butter. Is there now more lard in the butter or more -butter in the lard? - - -WHERE IS THE FALLACY? - -19. Here is an apparent proof that 2 = 3:-- - - 4 - 10 = 9 - 15 - - 4 - 10 + ²⁵⁄₄ = 9 - 15 + ²⁵⁄₄ - -and the square roots of these:-- - - 2 - ⁵⁄₂ = 3 - ⁵⁄₂ - -therefore - - 2 = 3. - - -PARCEL POST LIMITATIONS - -20. Our Parcel Post regulations limit the length of a parcel to 3 feet 6 -inches, and the length and girth combined to 6 feet. What is the largest -parcel of any size that can be sent through the post under these -conditions? - - -21. How can we show, or seem to show, that either four, five, or six -nines amount to one hundred? - - -TEST YOUR SKILL - -22. Can you arrange nine numbers in the nine cells of a square, the -largest number 100, and the least 1, so that the product by -multiplication of each row, column and diagonal is 1000? - - -CATCHING CRABS - -23. Seven London boys were at the seaside for a week’s holiday, and -during the six week-days they caught four fine crabs in pools under the -rocks, when the tide was out at Beachy Head. - -Hearing of this, the twenty-one boys of a school in the neighbourhood -determined to explore the pools; but with the same rate of success they -only caught one large crab. For how long were they busy searching under -the seaweed? - - -SETTING A WATCH - -24. On how many nights could a watch be set of a different trio from a -company of fifteen soldiers, and how often on these terms could one of -them, John Pipeclay, be included? - - -“IMPERIAL CÆSAR” - -25. If Augustus Cæsar was born on September 23rd, B.C. 63, on what day -and in what year did he celebrate his sixty-third birthday, and by what -five-letter symbol can we express the date? - - -26. _A_ was born in 1847, _B_ in 1874. In what years have the same two -digits served to express the ages of both, if they are still living? - - -THIS SHOULD “AMUSE” - - 27. A hundred and one by fifty divide, - To this let a cypher be duly applied; - And when the result you can rightly divine, - You find that its value is just one in nine. - - -OVER THE FERRY - -28. A man started one Monday morning with money in his purse to buy -goods in a neighbouring town. He paid a penny to cross the ferry, spent -half of the money he then had, and paid another penny at the ferry on -his return home. - -He did exactly the same for the next five days, and on Saturday evening -reached home with just one penny in his pocket. How much had he in his -pocket on Monday before he reached the ferry? - - -THE MEN, THE MONKEY, AND THE MANGOES - -29. Three men gathered mangoes, and agreed that next day they would give -one to their monkey and divide the rest equally. The first who arrived -gave one to the monkey, and then took his proper share; the second came -later and did likewise, and the third later still, neither knowing that -any one had preceded him. Finally they met, and, as there were still -mangoes, gave one to the monkey, and shared the rest equally. How many -mangoes at least must there have been if all the divisions were -accurate? - - -30. I look at my watch between four and five, and again between seven -and eight. The hands have, I find, exactly changed places, so that the -hour-hand is where the minute-hand was, and the minute-hand takes the -place of the hour-hand. At what time did I first look at my watch? - - -A LARGE ORDER - -31. There is a number consisting of twenty-two figures, of which the -last is 7. If this is moved to the first place, the number is increased -exactly sevenfold. Can you discover this lengthy number? - - -32. A farmer borrowed from a miller a sack of wheat, 4 feet long and 6 -feet in circumference. He sent in repayment two sacks, each 4 feet long -and 3 feet in circumference. Was the miller satisfied? - - -THE FIVE GAMBLERS - -33. Five gamblers, whom we will call _A_, _B_, _C_, _D_, and _E_, play -together, on the condition that after each hazard he who loses shall -give to all the others as much as they then have in hand. - -Each loses in turn, beginning with _A_, and when they leave the table -each has the same sum in hand, thirty-two pounds. How much had each at -first? - - -34. Knowing that the square of 87 is 7569, how can we rapidly, without -multiplication, determine in succession the squares of 88, 89, and 90? - - -NOT WHOLE NUMBERS - - 35. Two numbers seek which make eleven, - Divide the larger by the less, - The quotient is exactly seven, - As all who solve it will confess. - - -AN AMPLE CHOICE - -36. If there are twenty sorts of things from which -^99999999999999999999^ different selections can be made, how many of -each sort are there? - - -37. Three women, with no money, went to market. The first had -thirty-three apples, the second twenty-nine, the third twenty-seven. -Each woman sold the same number of apples for a penny. They all sold -out, and yet each received an equal amount of money. How was this? - - -SIMPLE SUBTRACTION - - 38. Take five from five, oh, that is mean! - Take five from seven, and this is seen. - - -39. If a bun and a half cost three halfpence, how many do you buy for -sixpence? - - -40. How many times in a day would the hands of a watch meet each other, -if the minute-hand moved backward and the hour-hand forward? - - -41. How can half-a-crown be equally divided between two fathers and two -sons so that a penny is the coin of smallest value given to them? - - -SIZE AND SPEED - -42. If the number of the revolutions of the wheel of a bicycle in six -seconds is equal to the number of miles an hour at which it is running, -what is the circumference of the wheel? - - -43. Hearing a clock strike, and being uncertain of the hour, I asked a -policeman. He had a turn for figures, and replied: “Take half, a third, -and a fourth of the hour that has just struck, and the total will be one -larger than that hour.” What o’clock was it? - - -AFTER LONG YEARS - - 44. If cash is lent at five per cent. - To those who choose to borrow, - How soon shall I be worth a pound - If I lend a crown to-morrow? - - -ON THE JUMP - -45. If I jump off a table with a 20-lb. dumb-bell in my hand, what is -the pressure upon me of its weight while I am in the air? - - -AT A BAZAAR - -46. In charitable mood I went recently to a bazaar where there were four -tents arranged to tempt a purchaser. At the door of each tent I paid a -shilling, and in each tent I spent half of the money remaining in my -purse, giving the door-keepers each another shilling as I came out. - -It took my last shilling to pay the fourth door-keeper. How much money -had I at first, and what did I spend in each tent? - - -OUT IN THE RAIN - -47. Rain is falling vertically, at a speed of 5 miles an hour. I am -walking through it at 4 miles an hour. At what angle to the vertical -must I hold my umbrella, so that the raindrops strike its top at right -angles? - - -A MONKEY PUZZLER - -48. The following interesting problem, translated from the original -Sanscrit, is given by Longfellow in his “Kavanagh”:-- - -“A tree, 100 cubits high, is distant from a well 200 cubits. From the -top of this tree one monkey descends, and goes to the well. Another -monkey leaps straight upwards from the top, and then descends to the -well by the hypotenuse. Both pass over an equal space. How high does the -second monkey leap?” - - -49. A steamboat 105 miles east of Tynemouth Lighthouse springs a leak. -She puts back at once, and in the first hour goes at the rate of 10 -miles an hour. - -More and more water-logged, she decreases her speed each succeeding hour -at the rate of one-tenth of what it has been during the previous hour. -When will she reach the lighthouse? - - -50. If a hen and a half lays an egg and a half in a day and a half, how -many eggs will twenty-one hens lay in a week? - - -51. If the population of Bristol exceeds by two hundred and thirty-seven -the number of hairs on the head of any one of its inhabitants, how many -of them at least, if none are bald, must have the same number of hairs -on their heads? - - -52. A benevolent uncle has in his pocket a sovereign, a half-sovereign, -a crown, a half-crown, a florin, a shilling, and a threepenny piece. In -how many different ways can he tip his nephew, using only these coins, -and how is this most easily determined? - - -53. Here is a prime problem, in more senses than one, which will tax the -ingenuity of our solvers:--I am a prime number of three figures. -Increased by one-third, ignoring fractions, I become a square number. -Transpose my first two figures and increase me by one-third, and again -I am a square number. Put my first figure last, and increase me by -one-third, and I am another square number. Reverse my three figures, and -increase as before by one-third, and for a fourth time I become a square -number. What are my original figures? - - -54. In how many different ways can six different things be divided -between two boys? - - -55. What is quite the highest number that can be scored at six card -cribbage by the dealer, if he has the power to select all the cards, and -to determine the order in which every card shall be played? - - -COVERING THE WALLS - -56. A fanciful collector, who bought pictures with more regard to -quantity than quality, gave instructions that the area of each frame -should exactly equal that of the picture it contained, and that the -frames should be of the same width all round. - -At an auction he picked up a so-called “old master,” unframed, which -measured 18 inches by 12 inches. What width of frame will fulfil his -conditions? - - -A FAMILY REGISTER - -57. Our family consists of my mother, a brother, a sister, and myself. -Our average age is thirty-nine. My mother was twenty when I was born; my -sister is two years my junior, and my brother is four years younger than -she is. What are our respective ages? - - -58. A spider in a dockyard unwittingly attached her web to a mechanical -capstan 1 foot in diameter, at the moment when it began to revolve. To -hold her ground she paid out 73 feet of thread, when the capstan -stopped, and she found herself drained of silk. - -To make the best of a bad job she determined to unwind her thread, -walking round and round the capstan at the end of the stretched thread. -When she had gone a mile in her spiral path she stopped, tired and in -despair. How far was she then from the end of her task? - - -59. A mountebank at a fair had six dice, each marked only on one face 1, -2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, respectively. He offered to return a hundredfold any -stake to a player who should turn up all the six marked faces once in -twenty throws. How far was this from being a fair offer? - - -CATS’-MEAT FOR DOGS - - 60. If ninety groats for twenty cats - Will furnish three weeks’ fare, - How many hounds for forty pounds, - Less one, may winter there? - - Just ninety days and one assume - The winter’s space to be; - And note that what five cats consume - Will serve for dogs but three. - -(A groat = 4d.) - - -61. Two wineglasses of equal size are respectively half and one-third -full of wine. They are filled up with water, and their contents are then -mixed. Half of this mixture is finally poured back into one of the -wineglasses. What part of this will be wine and what part will be -water? - - -62. A legend goes that on a stout ship on which St Peter was carried -with twenty-nine others, of whom fourteen were Christians and fifteen -Jews, he so arranged their places, that when a storm arose, and it was -decided to throw half of the passengers overboard, all the Christians -were saved. The order was that every ninth man should be cast into the -sea. How did he place the Christians and the Jews? - - -A PROLIFIC COW - -63. Farmer Southdown was the proud possessor of a prize cow, which had a -fine calf every year for sixteen years. Each of these calves when two -years old, and their calves also in their turn, followed this excellent -example. How many head did they thus muster in sixteen years? - - -64. A shepherd was asked how many sheep he had in his flock. He replied -that he could not say, but he knew that if he counted them by twos, by -threes, by fours, by fives, or by sixes, there was always one over, but -if he counted them by sevens, there was no remainder. What is the -smallest number that will answer these conditions? - - -READY RECKONING - -65. If a number of round bullets of equal size are arranged in rows one -above another evenly graduated till a single bullet crowns the flat -pyramid, how can their number be readily reckoned, however long the base -line may be? - - -THE TITHE OF WAR - - 66. Old General Host - A battle lost, - And reckoned on a hissing, - When he saw plain - What men were slain, - And prisoners, and missing. - - To his dismay - He learned next day - What havoc war had wrought; - He had, at most, - But half his host - Plus ten times three, six, ought. - - One-eighth were lain - On beds of pain, - With hundreds six beside; - One-fifth were dead, - Captives, or fled, - Lost in grim warfare’s tide. - - Now, if you can, - Tell me, my man, - What troops the general numbered, - When on that night - Before the fight - The deadly cannon slumbered? - - -67. A farmer sends five pieces of chain, of three links each, to be made -into one continuous length. He agrees to pay a penny for each link cut, -and a penny for each link joined. What was the blacksmith entitled to -charge if he worked in the best interest of the _farmer_? - - -68. In a parcel of old silver and copper coins each silver piece is -worth as many pence as there are copper coins, and each copper coin is -worth as many pence as there are silver coins, and the whole is worth -eighteen shillings. How many are there of each? - - -A FEAT WITH FIGURES - -69. Take the natural numbers 1 to 11, inclusive, and arrange them in -five groups, not using any of them more than once, so that these groups -are equal. Any necessary signs or indices may be used. - - -HOW OLD WAS JOHN? - -70. John Bull passed one-sixth of his life in childhood and one-twelfth -as a youth. When one-seventh of his life had elapsed he had a son who -died at half his father’s age, and John himself lived on four years -more. How old was he at the last? - - -FIGURE IT OUT - -71. There are two numbers under two thousand, such that if unity is -added to each of them, or to the half of each, the result is in every -case a square number. Can you find them? - - -72. A cheese in one scale of a balance with arms of unequal length seems -to weigh 16 lbs. In the other scale it weighs but 9 lbs. What is its -true weight? - - -“DIVISION IS AS BAD!” - -73. Can you divide 100 into two such parts that if the larger is divided -by the lesser the quotient is also 100? - - -74. I have marbles in my two side pockets. If I add one to those in the -right-hand pocket, and multiply its increased contents by the number it -held at first, and then deal in a similar way with those in the other -pocket, the difference between the two results is 90. If, however, I -multiply the sum of the two original quantities by the square of their -difference, the result is 176. How many marbles had I at first in each -pocket? - - -A SURFEIT OF BRIDGE - -75. A friendly circle of twenty-one persons agreed to meet each week, -five at a time, for an afternoon of bridge, so long as they could do so -without forming exactly the same party on any two occasions. - -As a central room had to be hired, it was important to have some idea as -to the length of time for which they would require it. How long could -they keep up their weekly meetings? - - -76. A herring and a half costs a penny and a half; what is the price of -a dozen? - - -77. What sum of money is in any sense seen to be the double of itself? - - -COMIC ARITHMETIC - -78. At the close of his lecture upon unknown quantities, Dr Bulbous -Roots, in playful mood, wrote this puzzle on his blackboard:-- - -Divide my fifth by my first and you have my fourth; subtract my first -from my fifth and you have my second; multiply my first by my fourth -followed by my second, and you have my third; place my second after my -first and you have my third multiplied by my fourth. What am I? - - -DROPPED THROUGH THE GLOBE - -79. If we can imagine the earth at a standstill for the purpose of our -experiment, and if a perfectly straight tunnel could be bored through -its centre from side to side, what would be the course of a cannon ball -dropped into it from one end, under the action of gravity? - - -LOVE LETTERS - - 80. A lady to her lover cried, - “How many notes have you of mine?” - “Six more I’ve sent,” the youth replied, - “Than I have had of thine.” - - “But if from one pound ten you take - The pennies we on stamps have spent, - One eighth their cost you thus will make.” - How many had they had and sent? - - -81. A man, on the day of his marriage, made his will, leaving his money -thus:--If a son should be born, two-thirds of the estate to that son and -one-third to the widow. If a daughter should be born, two-thirds to the -widow and one-third to that daughter. In the course of time twins were -born, a boy and a girl. The man fell sick and died without making a -fresh will. How ought his estate to be divided in justice to the widow, -son, and daughter? - - -82. My carpet is 22 feet across. My stride, either backwards or -forwards, is always 2 feet, and I make a stride every second. If I take -three strides forwards and two backwards continuously until I cross the -carpet, how long does it take me to reach the end of it? - - -NO TIME TO BE LOST - -83. A merchant at Lisbon has an urgent business call to New York. Taking -these places to be, as they appear on a map of the world, on the same -parallel of latitude, and at a distance measured along the parallel, of -some 3600 miles, if the captain of a vessel chartered to go there sails -along this parallel, will he be doing the best that he can for the -impatient merchant? - - -ROUND THE ANGLES - -84. Two schoolboys, John and Harry, start from the right angle of a -triangular field, and run along its sides. John’s speed is to Harry’s as -13 is to 11. - -They meet first in the middle of the opposite side, and again 32 yards -from their starting point. How far was it round the field? - - -AN ECHO FROM THE PAST - -85. The following question is given and spelt exactly as it was -contributed to a puzzle column by “John Hill, Gent.,” in 1760:-- - -“A vintner has 2 sorts of wine, viz. A and B, which if mixed in equal -parts a flagon of mixed will cost 15 pence; but if they be mixed in a -_sesqui-alter_ proportion, as you should take two flagons of A as often -as you take three of B, a flagon will cost 14 pence. Required the price -of each wine singly.” - - -PROMISCUOUS CHARITY - -86. A man met a beggar and gave him half the money he had in his pocket, -and a shilling besides. Meeting another he gave him half of what was -left and two shillings, and to a third, he gave half of the remainder -and three shillings. This left a shilling in his pocket. How much had he -at first? - - -87. A young clerk wishes to start work at an office in the City on -January 1st. He has two promising offers, one from _A_ of £100 a year, -with a yearly rise of £20, the other from _B_ of £100 a year with a -half-yearly rise of £5. Which should he accept, and why? - - -HOW CAN I PAY MY BILL? - -88. I have an abundance of florins and half-crowns, but no other coins. -In how many different ways can I pay my tailor £11, 10s. without -receiving change? - - -89. A monkey climbing up a greased pole ascends 3 feet and slips down 2 -feet in alternate seconds till he reaches the top. If the pole is 60 -feet high, how long does it take him to arrive there? - - -“SAFE BIND, SAFE FIND” - -90. Old Adze, the village carpenter, who kept his tools in an open -chest, found that his neighbours sometimes borrowed and forgot to return -them. - -To guard against this, he secured the lid of the chest with a letter -lock, which carried six revolving rings, each engraved with twelve -different letters. What are the chances against any one discovering the -secret word formed by a letter on each ring, which will open the lock, -and be the only key to the puzzle? - - -91. Five merry married couples happened to meet at a Swiss hotel, and -one of the husbands laughingly proposed that they should dine together -at a round table, with the ladies always in the same places so long as -the men could seat themselves each between two ladies, but never next to -his own wife. How long would their nights at the round table be -continued under these conditions? - - -SOUNDING THE DEPTH - -92. In calm water the tip of a stiff rush is 9 inches above the surface -of a lake. As a steady wind rises it is gradually blown aslant, until at -the distance of a yard it is submerged. Can you decide from these data -the depth of the water in which the rush grows? - - -AMINTA’S AGE - -93. - - If to Aminta’s age exact - Its square you add, and eighteen more, - And from her age its third subtract, - And to the difference add three score, - The latter to the former then - Will just the same proportion bear - As eighteen does to nine times ten. - Can you Aminta’s age declare? - - -ONE FOR THE PARROT - -94. A bag of nuts was to be divided thus among four boys:--Dick took a -quarter, and finding that there was one over when he made the division, -gave it to the parrot. Tom dealt in exactly the same way with the -remainder, as did Jack and Harry in their turns, each finding one nut -from the reduced shares to spare for the parrot. The final remainder -was equally divided among the boys, and again there was one for the -bird. How many nuts, at the lowest estimate, did the bag contain? - - -95. Here is an easy one:-- - - If five times four are thirty-three, - What will the fourth of twenty be? - - -96. What fraction of a pound, added to the same fraction of a shilling, -and the same fraction of a penny, will make up exactly one pound? - - -MENTAL ARITHMETIC - -97. “Now, boys!” said Dr Tripos, “I think of a number, add 3, divide by -2, add 8, multiply by 2, subtract 2, and thus arrive at twice the number -I thought of.” What was it? - - -98. Two club friends, _A_ and _B_, deposit similar stakes with _C_, and -agree that whoever first wins three games at billiards shall take the -whole of them. _A_ wins two games and _B_ wins one. Upon this they -determine to divide the stakes in proper shares. How must this division -be arranged? - - -99. Not so simple as it sounds is the following compact little -problem:--If I run by motor from London to Brighton at 10 miles an hour, -and return over the same course at 15 miles an hour, what is my average -speed? - - -100. “I can divide my sheep,” says Farmer Hodge, who from his schooldays -had a turn for figures, “into two unequal parts, so that the larger part -added to the square of the smaller part shall be equal to the smaller -part added to the square of the larger part.” - -How many sheep had the farmer? - - -A HELPFUL BURDEN - -101. The following question was proposed in an old book of Mathematical -Curiosities published more than a hundred years ago:-- - -“It often happens that if we take two horses, in every respect alike, -yet, if both are put to the draught, that horse which is most loaded -shall be capable of performing most work; so that the horse which -carries the heavier weight can draw the larger load. How is this?” - - -102. In the king’s treasury were six chests. Two held sovereigns, two -shillings, and two pence, in equal numbers of these coins. “Pay my -guard,” said the king, “giving an equal share to each man, and three -shares to the captain; give change if necessary.” “It may not be -possible,” replied the treasurer, “and the captain may claim four -shares.” “Tut, tut,” said the king, “it can be done whatever the amount -of the treasure, and whether the captain has three shares or four.” - -Was the king right? If so, how many men were there in the guard? - - -NUTS TO CRACK - -103. I bought a parcel of nuts at forty-nine for twopence. I divided it -into two equal parts, one of which I sold at twenty-four, the other at -twenty-five for a penny. I spent and received an integral number of -pence, but bought the least possible number of nuts. How many did I buy? -What did they cost? What did I gain? - - -MONEY MATTERS - -104. My purse contained sovereigns and shillings. After I had spent half -of its contents there were as many pounds left as I had shillings at -first. With what sum did I start? - - -A DELICATE QUESTION - -105. A lady was asked her age in a letter, and she replied by postcard -thus:-- - - If first my age is multiplied by three, - And then of that two-sevenths tripled be, - The square root of two-ninths of this is four, - Now tell my age, or never see me more! - -What was her age? - - -106. If cars run at uniform speed on the twopenny tube, from Shepherd’s -Bush to the Bank at intervals of two minutes, how many shall I meet in -half an hour if I am travelling from the Bank to Shepherd’s Bush? - - -PAYMENT BY RESULTS - -107. What would it cost me to keep my word if I were to offer my -greengrocer a farthing for every different group of ten apples he could -select from a basket of a hundred apples? - - -108. If the minute-hand of a clock moves round _in the opposite -direction_ to the hour-hand, what will be the real time between three -and four, when the hands are exactly together? - - -109. Two monkeys have stolen some filberts and some walnuts. As they -begin their feast they see the owner of the garden coming with a stick. -It will take him two and a half minutes to reach them. There are twice -as many filberts as walnuts, and one monkey finishes the walnuts at the -rate of fifteen a minute in four-fifths of the time and bolts. The other -manages to finish the filberts just in time. - -If the walnut monkey had stopped to help him till all was finished, when -would they have got away if they ate filberts at equal rates? - - -110. A cashier, in payment for a cheque, gives by mistake pounds for -shillings and shillings for pounds. The receiver spends half-a-crown, -and then finds that he has twice as much as the cheque was worth. What -was its value? - - -111. What five uneven figures can be added together so as to make up 14? - - -112. Three posts which vary in value are vacant in an office. In how -many ways can the manager fill these up from seven clerks who apply for -the appointments? - - -113. “It is now ⁵⁄₁₁ of the time to midnight,” said the fasting man, who -began his task at noon. What time was it? - - -A STRIKING TIME - -114. If a clock takes six seconds to strike six how long will it take to -strike eleven? - - -WHAT ARE THE ODDS? - -115. How would you arrange twenty horses in three stalls so as to have -an odd number of horses in each stall? - - -116. Here is a pretty little problem, which has at any rate an Algebraic -form, and is exceedingly ingenious:-- - -Given _a_, _b_, _c_, to find _q_. - - -WHEN WAS HE BORN? - -117. Tom Evergreen was asked his age by some men at his club on his -birthday in 1875. “The number of months,” he said, “that I have lived -are exactly half as many as the number which denotes the year in which I -was born.” How old was he? - - -118. Draw three circles of any size, and in any position, so long as -they do not intersect, or lie one within another. How many different -circles can be drawn touching all the three? - - -119. We have seen that the nine digits can be so dealt with, using each -once, as to add up to 100. How can 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 be -arranged so that they form a sum which is equal to 1? - - -120. How is it possible, by quite a simple method, to find the sum of -the first fifty numbers without actually adding them together? - - -121. Two tram-cars, _A_ and _B_, start at the same time. _A_ runs into a -“lie by” in four minutes, and waits there five minutes, when _B_ meets -and passes it. Both complete the whole course at the same moment. In -what time can _A_ complete it without a rest? - - -A CURIOUS DEDUCTION - -122. Take 10, double it, deduct 10, and tell me what remains. - - -123. The average weight of the Oxford crew is increased by 2 lbs., when -one of them, who weighs 12 stone, is replaced by a fresh man. What is -the fresh man’s weight? - - -ASK ANY MOTORIST - -124. A motor car is twice as old as its tyres were when it was as old as -its tyres are. When these tyres are as old as the car is now, the -united ages of car and tyres will be two years and a quarter. What are -their respective ages now? - - -125. _A_ and _B_ on the edge of a desert can each carry provisions for -himself for twelve days. How far into the desert can an advance be made, -so that neither of them misses a day’s food? - - -126. A bottle of medicine and its cork cost half-a-crown, but the bottle -and the medicine cost two shillings and a penny more than the cork. What -did the cork cost? - - -IN A FIX - -127. A boat’s crew are afloat far from land with no sail or oars. How -can they, without making any use of wind or stream, and without any -outside help, regain the shore by means of a coil of rope which happens -to be at hand. - - -128. What is the largest sum in silver that I can have in my pockets -without being able to give change for a half-sovereign. - - -129. I have apples in a basket. Without cutting an apple I give half of -the number and half an apple to one person; half of what then remains -and half an apple to another, and half of what are still left and half -an apple to a third. One apple now remains in the basket. How many were -there at first? - - -A QUEER DIVISION - - 130. A third of twelve divide - By just a fifth of seven; - And you will soon decide - That this must give eleven. - - -131. A motor goes 9 miles an hour uphill, 18 miles an hour downhill, and -12 miles an hour on the level. How long will it take to run 50 miles and -return at once over the same course? - - -132. In firing at a mark _A_ hits it in two out of three shots, _B_ in -three out of four, and _C_ in four out of five. The mark was hit 931 -times. If each fired the same number of shots, how many hits did each -make, and how many shots were fired? - - -133. If a cat and a dog, evenly matched in speed, run a race out and -back over a course 75 yards in all, and the dog always takes 5 feet at a -bound and the cat 3 feet, which will win? - - -IN A FOG - -134. In a fog a man caught up a wagon going in the same direction at 3 -miles an hour. If the wagon was just visible to him at a distance of 55 -yards, and he could see it for five minutes, at how many miles an hour -was he walking? - - -135. Three horses start in a race. In how many different ways can they -be placed by the judge? - - -NEW ZEALAND FOOTBALL - -136. The New Zealanders, winning a match against Oxbridge, scored 34 -points, from tries and tries converted into goals. - -If every try had been converted they would have made four-fifths of the -maximum which a score of 34 points from tries and goals can yield. - -What is this maximum, and what was their actual score? - - -137. What is the smallest number, of which the alternate figures are -cyphers, that is divisible by 9 and by 11? - - -138. Here is an interesting little problem:--_A_, with 8d. in his hand, -meets _B_ and _C_, who have five and three loaves respectively. In -hungry mood they all agree to share the loaves equally, and to divide -the money fairly between _B_ and _C_. How much does each receive? - - -THE MONEY-BOXES - -139. When four money-boxes, containing pennies only, were opened and -counted, it was found that the number in the first with half those in -all the others, in the second with a third of all the others, in the -third with a fourth of all the others, and in the fourth with a fifth of -all the others, amounted in each case to 740. How much money did the -boxes contain, and how was it divided? - - -140. Two steamers start together to make a trip to a far-off buoy and -back. Steamer _A_ runs all the time at 10 miles an hour. Steamer _B_ -does the passage out at 8 miles an hour, and the return at 12 miles. -Will they regain port together? - - -141. A golf player has two clubs mended in London. One has a new head, -the other a new leather face. The head costs four times as much as the -face. At St Andrews it costs five times as much, and the leather face at -St Andrews is half the London price. Including a shilling for a ball he -pays twice the St Andrews charges for these repairs. What is the London -charge for each? - - -FROM TWO WRONGS TO MAKE A RIGHT - -142. Two children were asked to give the total number of animals in a -pasture, where sheep and cattle were grazing. They were told the numbers -of sheep and of cattle, but one subtracted, and gave 100 as the answer, -and the other arrived at 11,900 by multiplication. What was the correct -total? - - -THE STONE CARRIER - -143. Fifty-two stones are placed at intervals along a straight road. The -distance between the first and the second is 1 yard, between the second -and the third it is 3 yards, between the next two 5 yards, and so on, -the intervals increasing each time by 2 yards. - -How far would a tramp have to travel to earn five shillings promised to -him when he had brought them one by one to a basket placed at the first -stone? - - -144. On a division in the House of Commons, if the Ayes had been -increased by fifty from the Noes, the motion would have been carried by -five to three. If the Noes had received sixty votes from the Ayes, it -would have been lost by four to three. Did the motion succeed? How many -voted? - - -A WATCH PUZZLE - -145. How many positions are there on the face of a watch in which the -places of the hour and minute-hands can be interchanged so as still to -indicate a possible time? - - -CRICKET SCORES - -146. In a cricket match the scores in each successive innings are a -quarter less than in the preceding innings. The match was played out, -and the side that went in first won by fifty runs. What was the complete -score? - - -HOW HIGH CAN YOU THROW? - -147. A boy throws a cricket ball vertically upwards, and catches it as -it falls just five seconds later. How high from his hands does the ball -go? - - -MEASURE THE CARPET - -148. It may be said of a section of the gigantic carpet at Olympia that -had it been 5 feet broader and 4 feet longer it would have contained 116 -more feet; but if 4 feet broader and 5 longer the increase would have -been but 113 feet. What were its actual breadth and length? - - -149. In estimating the cost of a hundred similar articles, the mistake -was made of reading pounds for shillings and shillings for pence in each -case, and under these conditions the estimated cost was £212 18s. 4d. in -excess of the real cost. What was the true cost of the articles? - - -SQUARES IN STREETS - -150. The square of the number of my house is equal to the difference of -the squares of the numbers of my next door neighbour’s houses on either -side. - -My brother, who lives in the next street, can say the same of the number -of his house, though his number is not the same as mine. How are our -houses numbered? - - -151. Two men of unequal strength are set to move a block of marble which -weighs 270 lbs., using for the purpose a light plank 6 feet long. The -stronger man can carry 180 lbs. How must the block be placed so as to -allow him just that share of the weight? - - -152. A man has twenty coins, of which some are shillings and the rest -half-crowns. If he were to change the half-crowns for sixpences and the -shillings for pence he would have 156 coins. How many shillings has he? - - -COUNT THE COINS - -153. Some coins are placed at equal distances apart on a table, so that -they form the sides of an equilateral triangle. - -From the middle of each side as many are then taken as equal the square -root of the number on that side, and placed on the opposite corner coin. -The number of coins on each side is then to the original number as 5 is -to 4. How many coins are there in all? - - -PUTTING IN THE POSTS - -154. A gardener, wishing to fence round a piece of ground with some -light posts, found that if he set them a foot apart there would be 150 -too few, but if placed a yard apart there would be 70 to spare. How many -posts had he? - - -155. _A_ gives _B_ £100 to buy 100 animals, which must be cows at £5 -each, sheep at £1, and geese at 1s. How many of each sort can he buy? - - -156. John is twice as old as Mary was when he was as old as Mary is. -John is now twenty-one. How old is Mary? - - -157. In a cricket match _A_ made 35 runs; _C_ and _D_ made respectively -half and one-third as many as _B_, and _B_’s score was as much below -_A_’s as _C_’s was above _D_’s. What did _B_, _C_, and _D_ each score? - - -SETTLED BY REMAINDERS - -158. What is the least number which, divided by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, -or 10, leaves respectively as remainders 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9? - - -TABLE TURNING - -159. A square table stands on four legs, which are set at the middle -point of its sides. What is the greatest weight that this table can -uphold upon one of its corners? - - -BRIBING THE BOYS - -160. Well pleased with the inspector’s report, the rector of a country -parish came into his school with 99 new pennies in his pocket, and said -that he would give them to the five boys in Standard VII. if they could, -within an hour, show him how to divide them so that the first share -should exceed the second by 3, be less than the third by 10, be greater -than the fourth by 9, and less than the fifth by 16. What was the answer -which would satisfy these conditions? - - -SHEEP-STEALING - -161. Some Indian raiders carried off a third of a flock of sheep, and a -third of a sheep. Another party took a fourth of what remained, and a -fourth of a sheep. Others took a fifth of the rest and three-fifths of a -sheep. What was the number of the full flock, if there were then 409 -left? - - -162. Three boys begin to fill a cistern. _A_ brings a pint at the end of -every three minutes, _B_ a quart every five minutes, and _C_ a gallon -every seven minutes. If the cistern holds fifty-three gallons, in what -time will it be filled, and who will pour in the last contribution? - - -ESTIMATE OF AGE - -163. A man late in the last century said that his age was the square -root of the year in which he was born. In what year did he say this? - - -A DEAL IN CHINA - -164. A dealer in Eastern curios sold a Satzuma vase for £119, and on -calculation found that the number which expressed his profit per cent. -expressed also the cost price in pounds of the vase. What was this -number? - - -165. What is the chance of throwing at least one ace in a single throw -with a pair of dice? - - -166. A thief starts running from a country house as fast as he can. Four -minutes later a policeman starts in pursuit. If both run straight along -the road, and the policeman gets over the ground one-third faster than -the thief, how soon will he catch him? - - -167. Twenty-seven articles are exposed for sale on one of the stalls of -a bazaar. What choice has a purchaser? - - -VERY PERSONAL - -168. “How old are _you_, dad?” said Nellie on her birthday, as her -father gave her as many shillings as she was years old. His answer was -quite a puzzle for a time, but with the help of her schoolfellows Nellie -worked it out. - -This is what he said:-- - - “I was twice as old as you are - The day that you were born. - You will be just what I was then - When fourteen years are gone.” - -How old was Nellie, and how old was her dad? - - -WORD AND LETTER PUZZLES - - -A MAGIC COCOON - -This Magic Cocoon is so cleverly spun that the word can be traced and -read in many ways. - - N - N O N - N O O O N - N O O C O O N - N O O C O C O O N - N O O C O C O C O O N - N O O C O C O O N - N O O C O O N - N O O O N - N O N - N - -How many readings can you discover starting from one or other of the Cs, -and passing up and down or sideways, but not diagonally, and never over -the same letter twice in a reading? There are 756! - - -THE CHRONOGRAM - -The Chronogram, severely classed by Addison as “a species of false wit” -is a sentence in which the salient letters represent in Roman numerals -some particular year. A good English specimen is this: “My Day Closed Is -In Immortality.” The capital letters in these words give MDCIII., or -1603, the year in which Queen Elizabeth died. - - -A FRENCH CHRONOGRAM - -The battle-cry at Montlhéry in 1465 was:--“à CheVaL, à CheVaL, -gendarMes, à CheVaL!” Taking the letters printed in capitals-- - - M = 1000 - CCC = 300 - LLL = 150 - VVV = 15 - ---- - we have the date of the battle 1465 - - -A NOTABLE CHRONOGRAM - - QVI CHRISTI IAVDES CANTANT - SANCTÆ PASSIONIS SVÆ VIRTVTE - IN IPSO ET PATRE VNVM SINT. - -This curious inscription is placed over the organ at Ober Ammergau. Add -together its Roman numerals and they give the date at which the organ -was dedicated. The English of it is:-- - -May those who sing the praises of Christ be by virtue of His Sacred -Passion one in The Father and in Himself. - - -A PERFECT CHRONOGRAM - -On a damaged inscription to Bishop Berkeley in Winchester Cathedral are -the words--VIXI, LVXI--I have lived, I have shone. Added together in -their values as Roman numerals the letters of these two words give his -age exactly at his death--eighty-three. - - -A PRIZE MOTTO - -On the return of the C.I.V. from the Boer War a prize was offered by -_Truth_ for the best motto appropriate to them. This was to consist of -three words of which the first must begin with C the second with I and -the third with V. - -The prize was taken by the following Latin motto which is singularly -happy both in construction and in meaning:-- - - CIVI IVI VICI - _I roused_ _I went_ _I won._ - -The sequence of events is perfect; no letters but C.I.V. are used and -the motto is a palindrome if read by syllables. - - -THE MUSICAL SCALE - -As in olden days some of the Psalms and other writings were constructed -in acrostic form, so in the Middle Ages even serious writers would -juggle with letters, as though they felt that such tricky methods were -an aid to memory. - -It was in this spirit that Guido Aretino, a Benedictine monk of Tuscany -in 1204, gave names to the notes used in the musical scale from the -first syllables of the lines of a Latin hymn. “Ut” is still used in -France, though we and the Italians have substituted “do.” - - UT queant laxis REsonare fibris, - MIra gestorum FAmuli tuorum, - SOLve polutis LAbii reatis - O Pater alme! - - -ALL THE ALPHABET! - -Many of us know that there is a long verse in the Book of Ezra in which -all the letters of the alphabet are used, taking “j” as “i” (_Ezra_ -vii., v. 21). - -This very curious coincidence also occurs in a comparatively short -sentence in “The Beth Book,” by Sarah Grand:--“It was an exquisitely -deep blue just then, with filmy white clouds drawn up over it like -gauze;” and here “j” is itself in evidence. - - -APT ALLITERATION - -Schopenhauer, the famous German philosopher, who was a confirmed -bachelor and misogynist, was compelled while living at Frankfort to -support an old lady who had been crippled by his violence. When her -death came as a welcome relief to him, he composed the following clever -epitaph:-- - - Obit anus, - Abit onus. - -which by the interchange of two letters pictured the position. It may be -freely rendered:-- - - Old lady dies, - My burden flies. - - -A DOUBLE SEQUENCE - -The following clever composition, which appeared in the pages of -_Truth_, contains a _double_ sequence of words, which increase a letter -at a time, the same letters appearing in varied order until at last “o” -culminates in _thornless_, and “a” in _restrainest_. It is quite a -remarkable _tour-de-force_. - - O lack-_a_-day! _at_ eve we _sat_, - One _star_ had lit its lamps _on_ high. - We did _not note_ the circling bat, - _Start_ from the _stone_ when flitting nigh. - For the _strait_ gate of _honest_ doubt - Shut off the _thrones_ of Love and Gain; - We dreamed not, as we mourned without, - That Time’s swift _transit shortens_ pain. - O Thou, Who _trainest_ souls to shine, - Though once we craved a _thornless_ lot, - This gracious truth we now divine: - The bruised reed Thou _strainest_ not; - But by _restraints_, that gently tame; - _Restrainest_ Passion’s kindling flame. - - -THE REIGN OF TERROR - -During the Reign of Terror, France and her people and position were thus -alphabetically described:-- - - Le peuple Français A B C. (abaissé). - La gloire nationale F A C. (effacée). - Les places fortes O Q P. (occupées). - Quarante trois députés C D. (cédés). - L’armée D P C. (dépaysée). - Les ministres A J. (agés). - La liberté O T. (ôtée). - La charte L U D. (éludée). - - -SEE-SAW - -This elaborate method of piling up no less than seven consecutive -“thats,” so that they make tolerable sense, was told to his boys during -school-time by Dr Moberly, then headmaster of Winchester, and afterwards -Bishop of Salisbury, just fifty years ago:-- - - I saw that C saw. - - C saw that that I saw. - - I saw that that that C saw was so. - - C saw that, that that that I saw was so. - - I saw that, that _that_ that that C saw was so. - - C saw _that_ that, that _that_ that that I saw was so. - - I saw _that_ that, that _that_ that that _that_ C saw was so. - - -FOR A ROMAN HOLIDAY - -If the Roman ladies and children, at their equivalent for Christmas, -amused themselves by acting verbal charades, an excellent word was at -their disposal, “sustineamus”--“let us endure,” which can be broken up -exactly into _sus_, _tinea_, _mus_--_a sow_, _a moth_, _a mouse_. - - -A WORD SQUARE - -1. Can you complete this word square, so that its four words read alike -from top to bottom and from left to right? - - * E * * - E * * * - * * * E - * * E * - - -ANOTHER WORD SQUARE - -2. Can you fill in this word square? - - C * * C * E - * N U * E S - * U * E S * - C * E * S * - * E S * * E - E * T E * * - - -DUPLICATE LETTERS - -3. In this sentence, when complete, - - So****AG****LATI****X****ITH - -each group of four missing letters contains two pairs of letters which -are alike. Can you on these lines complete the sentence? - -Here is a similar sentence by way of illustration: - - T****M****TERTAIN****MUND, - -which becomes when filled in-- - -T_wo_ _wo_m_en_ _en_tertain_ed_ _Ed_mund. - - -ANOTHER WORD SQUARE - -4. Can you complete this word square by substituting letters for the -dots? - - W * * * E - * * T * * - * T O N * - * * N * * - E * * * T - - -WORD BUILDING - -5. What word can be made with these? - -L S D U D O D U D. - - -6. A lovelorn youth consulted a married lady on his condition, and was -asked by her on a slip of paper:-- - - “Loruve?” - -When he had deciphered this, and had answered in the affirmative, she -handed to him another slip, on which this advice was written:-- - - L - “Prove A F and ensure success.” - D - -What did it all mean? - - -A DOUBLE ACROSTIC - - 7. _Saint of Spain, whose daily word - Twenty years hath London heard!_ - Sweet days, elastic metal, motion sharp. - My halls once echoed to an Irish harp. - The “son of sorrow,” honourable of yore. - Dread goddess, loosing the loud dogs of war. - Time’s atom--total of eternities. - This name an insect bears, a patriot bore. - “So do, yet hear me,” said Themistocles. - - -ANOTHER WORD SQUARE - -8. Can you complete this word square? - - * M * N * S - M * N * O * - * N * B * E - N * B * L * - * O * L * R - S * E * R * - - -A FRENCH ORACLE - -9. A spruce young Frenchman at a _fête_ consulted a modern oracle as to -how he could best please the ladies. This was the mystic response:-- - - MEC DO BIC. - -Can you interpret it? - - -A QUAINT EQUATION - -10. In our young days we have often wrestled with vulgar fractions, but -apart from Algebra we have had no serious concern with any in which -letters take the place of figures. A specimen of this sort, not known to -science, is the following curiosity:-- - - m - -- - ot - -- = mo. - y - - -11. The puzzle in _Truth_ was recently founded upon “ourang-outang,” -which had been cleverly buried. We will give a few of the best results. -This is one:-- - - Poor wretch! a moisture filled his eye, - “Do not rebuff a lonely boy,” - Said he, “If ere I sink and die - Your smile--O! pardon will be joy!” - -Another is:-- - - Though I jump, and row, and run, - Cap or cup I never won. - -What animals are buried in these lines? - - -LIKE A PEACOCK’S TAIL - - 12. Fourteen letters here we fix, - Vowels only two are spoken; - All together these we mix - Into what can not be broken. - - -A WEIRD WORD - -13. There is an English word of thirteen letters in which the same vowel -occurs four times, the same consonant six times, another consonant -twice, and another once. Can you hit upon it? - - -A CONDENSED PROVERB - -14. Though brevity is said to be the soul of wit, we are too often -flooded nowadays with a superabundance of words. - -Here is an attempt at modest condensation. A familiar English proverb is -quite clearly expressed to the solver’s seeing eyes in this brief -phrase:-- - - WE IS DO - -What is the proverb? - - -ANOTHER WORD SQUARE - -15. Can you complete this word square? - - W * * * * S - * R * * R * - * * O R * * - * * R M * * - * R * * N * - S * * * * M - - -CAN YOU DECIPHER IT? - -16. The following puzzle lines are attributed to Dr Whewell:-- - - O O N O O. - ----------- - U O A O O I O U - O N O O O O M E T O O. - U O A O I D O S O - I O N O O I O U T O O! - - -A BROKEN DIAMOND - -17. Can you fill in the vacancies in this diamond? - - P - F O * - C * R * * - F * * C * * * - P O R C E L A I N - R * * L * * * - S * A * * - S I * - N - -Its words must read alike from left to right and from top to bottom. - - -WHAT IS THIS? - - 18. Tan HE Edsa VEN in - It N Gja SmeTs AsgN - aD Az Rett De. - - -A PHONETIC JOURNEY - -19. I can travel first-class on the Great Eastern Railway from 2 2 2 2 2 -2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 5 0 0. What is the cost of my journey, and its length in -time? - - -A CURIOUS OLD INSCRIPTION - - 20. Seogeh sreve ereh wcisume vahl - Lah sehs se otreh nos llebdnas - Regni freh nos gnires rohyer - Ganoed iryd ale nifae esots sorcy - Rub nabot es rohk co caed ir. - -Can you decipher it? - - -IRISH STEW AT SIMPSON’S - -21. I wrote the following note recently:-- - - Dear Jack,--Meet me at Simpson’s to-morrow at 1.30. We will sample - their excellent Irish stew. Here are some catchwords that will remind - you of the invitation:-- - - Join me at and - i - s - -Why should they remind him of it? - - -ENGLISH AS SHE IS SPELT! - -22. This was the exact text of a letter sent to the master of an English -village school by a labourer as an excuse for his boy’s absence:-- - - “Cepatomtogoatatrin” - -Can you decipher it? - - -A DOUBLE ACROSTIC - -23. This double Acrostic will afford an easy exercise in mental -gymnastics for those to whom such pastime appeals:-- - - Now we are fain - To rack your brain. - -1. More fit for babes and sucklings than for you. - -2. Robbed of externals this is very true. - -3. Diminutive in measure and in weight. - -4. Pen-name of one a true pen potentate. - -5. A palindrome quite plain is here in sight. - -6. Sans head and tail it also yields this light. - -7. Here is in short what anyone may write. - - -FIND THE PROVERB - - 24. c e f h i m n o r s t v y - 3 2 2 2 7 1 1 2 6 5 8 3 9 - 4 4 1 2 1 6 1 - 3 1 5 8 2 3 - 5 7 9 6 - 4 - -The letters with ones under them are the first letters of words, those -with twos under them are second letters of words, and so on. - - -A PUZZLE WILL - -25. Having occasion to make a few slight additions to my will, I called -in my lawyer to arrange the matter. How far forward did the instructions -contained in the following lines carry him in his work? - - Set down a hundred in my will, - Add nothing to the text; - Five hundred now a space may fill, - And one be added next. - - Another hundred write as well, - And yet another one; - Then fifty more, and try to tell - The deed that now is done. - - -ANOTHER WORD SQUARE - -26. Can you complete this word square? - - * D * * O * - D * * I * E - * S * A * D - T * A * A * - * R * A * E - R * D * E * - - -MUSICAL EPITAPHS - -27. Over the grave of a French musician, who was choked by a fish bone, -the following epitaph was inscribed in notes of music:--A. G. A. E. A. - -Over the porch of the house of Gustave Doré these musical notes were -placed on a tablet:--C. E. B. A. C. D. - -What do these inscriptions signify? - - -QUITE TOO TOO - -28. “Where can we meet to-morrow?” said Jack Spooner to his best girl. - -“We will go,” she replied, “at 222222222222 LEY STREET.” - -When and where did they meet? - - -A BROKEN WORD - -29. What does this spell? - - C - ------------------- - T T T T T T T T T T - - -CONTRADICTORY TERMS - -30. What English word is it which may be so treated as to affirm or -disallow the use of its own initial or final letter? - - -PRINTERS’ PIE - -31. Can you arrange these letters - - E I O O O U - B C N N R R S S - -so that they form the title of a book well-known to boys? - - -FILL IN THE GAPS - -32. Keeping these letters in their present order make a sensible -sentence by inserting among them as often as is necessary another -letter, which must be in every case the same. - - A DEN I I CAN DOCK. - - -DISTORTED SHAKESPEARE - -33. Here is a well-known quotation from Shakespeare, which seems to need -some straightening out:-- - - OXXU8 MAAULGIHCTE - NOR - - -A PHONETIC NIGHTMARE - -34. Here, as an awful warning to those who are ready to accept the -definition of English spelling given by a former headmaster of -Winchester--“Consonants are interchangeable, and vowels do not -count”--is a common English word of twelve letters, in “linked sweetness -long drawn out.” - - Iewkngheaurrhphthewempeighghtips. - -Can you decipher it? - - -ANOTHER WORD SQUARE - -35. Can you, by filling in letters, complete this word square so that it -shall read alike across and from top to bottom? - - * A * * - A * * A - * E * * - * A * E - - -A QUAINT INSCRIPTION - -36. The following curious inscription may be seen on a card hanging up -in the bar of an old riverside inn in Norfolk:-- - - THEM * ILL * ERSLEA * VET * HEMI - LLT * HEW * HER * RYMEN * LOW - ERTH * EIRS * AILTH * EMA - LTS * TER * SLE * AVET * HE * KI - LN * FORAD * ROPO * FTH - EWHI * TESW * AN * SALE. - -Can you decipher it? - - -A POET’S PI - - 37. TONDEBNIOTOCHUMFOARYHUR - OTDIRECTTHAWHOTERSOFKLSYA; - TIKATESTUBALIGHTSTILLETRUFLYR - OTBOWLALLNEFESLEAVARFWYAA. - -In this printer’s pie the words are in their proper sequence, but the -letters are tangled. - - -BURIED PLACES - -38. In the following short sentences five names of places are -buried--that is to say, the letters which spell them in proper order -form parts of more words than one. Thus, for example “Paris” might be -buried in the words “go u_p a ris_e:” - -“The men could ride all on donkeys, the skipper, though, came to a bad -end.” - -When you have discovered these places, try to find out what very -unexpected word of more than four letters is buried in the sentence, “On -Christmas Eve you rang out angel peals.” - - -TREASON CONDONED - -39. According to an old poet, Sir John Harrington (1561-1612):-- - - “Treason doth never flourish; what’s the reason? - For if it prosper none dare call it treason!” - -The classic lines may possibly have been the germ of the flippant modern -riddle, “Why is it no offence to conspire in the evening?” - - -A BIT OF BOTANY - - 40. Inscribe an _m_ above a line - And write an _e_ below, - This woodland flower is hung so fine - It bends when zephyrs flow. - - -A PIED PROVERB - -41. The following letters, if they are properly rearranged, will fall -into the words which form a popular proverb:-- - - AAEEGGHILLMNNNOOOORRSSSSTT - -Can you place them in position? - - -A DROP LETTER PUZZLE - -42. Can you fill in the gaps of this proverb? - - E**t* *e*s**s *a*e *h* *o** **i*e. - - -MULTUM IN PARVO - -43. There is an English word of five syllables which has only eight -letters, five of them vowels--an a, an e, twice i, and y. What are its -consonants? - - -DOUBLETS - -44. Can you turn TORMENT to RAPTURE, using four links, changing only one -letter each time, and varying the order of the letters? - - -A PIED PROVERB - -45. Can you arrange these letters so that they form a sentence of five -words? - - aaceeeffhhiiiiimnnoooprrssttttt. - -The result is a well-known English proverb. - - -WHAT CAN IT BE? - -46. Add one letter, and make this into a sensible English sentence:-- - - GDLDPRTFRRTHDXXFRDDNS - - -OUT OF PROPORTION - - 47. One vowel in an English word is found, - Which by eight consonants is hedged around. - - -48. Can you form an English word with these letters? - - AAAAABBNNIIRSSTT. - - -49. What is this? It is found in Shakespeare:-- - - K I N I. - - -ALPHA BETA - -50. There are two English words which contain each of them ten letters, -and six of these are a, b, c, d, e, f, the first six letters of the -alphabet. Can you build up either or both of them without looking at the -solution? - - -SHIFTING NUMBERS - - 51. Of a band of true kinsmen I stand at the head, - Who, to keep themselves warm, cluster three in a bed. - Put four into gaol and their number has risen, - So that six can be counted together in prison. - Take the six and recount them, they dwindle to three; - Count again, and a change into five you will see. - With no number from one to one hundred I mix, - Yet with five of my mates I am seen to make six. - - -AN IMPUDENT PRODIGAL - -52. The prodigal son of a wealthy colonial farmer received a letter from -his father, to suggest that a considerable part of his inheritance -should be safeguarded before he squandered it. His reply ran -thus:--“Dear dad, keep 1000050.” As such a sum, even in dollars, was out -of the question, the father was completely puzzled. - -What did the prodigal mean? - - -BURIED POETS - -53. The names of eight famous British poets are buried in these lines, -that is to say, the letters that spell the names form in their proper -order parts of different words:-- - - The sun is darting rays of gold - Upon the moor, enchanting spot, - Whose purpled heights, by Ronald loved, - Up open to his Shepherd cot. - - And sundry denizens of air - Are flying, aye, each to his nest; - And eager make at such an hour - All haste to reach the mansions-blest. - -Can you dig them up? - - -A FATEFUL LETTER - -54. When _A. B._ gave up the reins of government, and _C. B._ took -office in his place, it was found that their political positions could -be exactly described by two quite common English verbs, which differ -only in this, that the one is longer by one letter than the other, while -the rest of the letters are the same, and in the same order. What are -these two verbs? - - -A PRIZE REBUS - -55. The following is a prize Rebus:-- - - done | - mutt | a glutt - and | - i | T. c. d. - you make me - - -A LETTER TANGLE - - 56. First a _c_ and _a_ _t_, last _a_ _c_ and a _t_, - With a couple of letters between, - Form a sight that our eyes are delighted to see, - Unless in their sight it is seen. - - -A TRANSPOSITION - - 57. Cut off my tail and set it at my head, - What was an island is a little bear instead. - - -A REBUS - - T S. - -58. What English word do these two letters indicate? There are two -possible solutions of equal merit. - - -A PHONETIC PHRASE - -59. How can we read this? - - I N X I N X I N. - - -A GOOD END - -60. - -[Illustration: I F S] - - -SOLUTIONS - - -CHESS CAMEOS - - -No. XXVI - -Black has made the false move Kt from Q sq to Kt 3. When this is -replaced, and the king is moved as the proper penalty, White mates at -once with one or other of the Knights. - - -No. XXVII - -Replace the White Kt at B 7, and a Black Pawn at K 4; then P takes P _en -pas_. Mate. - -ANALYSIS AND PROOF - -It can be proved that Black’s last move _must have been_ P from K 2 to K -4, so that White may take the P _en pas_. - -The Black King cannot have moved from any _occupied_ square. - - (The White Kt now occupies B 7.) - -Nor from Kt 3 or 4, as both are now _doubly_ guarded, so that he cannot -have moved _out of a check_. - - (The White Kt now helps to guard Kt 5.) - -Nor can he have moved from K 2, as the White P on Q 6 cannot have moved -_to give check_. - -No other P can have moved. - -The K P cannot have moved from K 3, became of the position of the White -King. - -Therefore Black’s last move _must have been_ P from K 2 to K 4, which -White can take _en pas_ giving Mate. - - -No. XXVIII - - B--Q 2 B--R 5 P--Kt 4 - -------- ---------------- ------- White has no move. - P--R 7 P--R 7 becomes Q any - -The way in which the B runs to earth and is shut in is most ingenious. -Black with the new Q cannot anyhow give White a move. - - -No. XXIX - - R--Kt 7, ch. R--Kt 5 R--B 5, ch. - ------------ ----------- ----------------- - K moves P becomes Q Q × R, stalemate. - - -No. XXX - -B--Kt 8. - - -No. XXXI - -B--R 4. - - -No. XXXII - -B--R sq. - - -No. XXXIII - -B--Q 4. - - -No. XXXIV - -B--B sq. - - -No. XXXV - -K--R 4. - - -No. XXXVI - -Kt--Kt’s 6. - - -No. XXXVII - - R--Kt 5 Kt--B 6 Kt × Kt mate. - ------- ----------- ------------- - Kt × R Kt--B 6 ch. - - -No. XXXVIII - - Kt--R 7 Q--KB 8 Q--R 8 mate. - ------- --------- ------------ - B moves B returns - -Any other move of the Kt would impede the movements of the Q. - - -No. XXXIX - - R--R sq. Q--Kt sq. Q to Kt sq. mate. - -------- ---------- ----------------- - B moves. B returns. - - -No. XL - -This beautiful problem is solved by:-- - - Q--Kt 6 K--B 2 mates accordingly. - ------- ------ ------------------ - P × Q any - -or - - R--B 3 mates accordingly. - ------- ------ ------------------ - Kt--K 3 any - - -No. XLI - - R--R 2. Q--R sq. Q mates. - ------- -------- -------- - B × Kt any - -if - - Kt--QB 8, Q or Kt mates. - -------- --------- -------------- - B--Q sq. any - -if - - Kt--QB 6, Q or Kt mates. - ----------- --------- -------------- - B elsewhere any - - -No. XLII - - Kt--Kt 4, dis. ch. Q--KR 2, ch. Kt--B 2, mate. - ------------------ ------------ -------------- - K--R 8. P × Q. - -There are other variations. - - -No. XLIII - - B--Kt sq. Q--QR 7, Q mates. - --------- -------- -------- - P × Kt, K × Kt. - -If K × Kt, Q × P, and mates next move. - - -No. XLIV - - K--Q 7, R--Q 5, Q mates. - ------- ------- -------- - K moves K × R - - -No. XLV - - R--Q 8 Q × P, ch. B mates. - ------- ---------- -------- - K moves K × Q - -if - - Q--K 7 Q mates. - ------- ------ -------- - B moves any - - -No. XLVI - - B--B 6 Q--Q 7, ch. R mates. - ------ ----------- -------- - K × R K × Q - -if - - R--B 6, ch. Q mates. - ----- ----------- -------- - B × R K × P - -There are other variations. - - -No. XLVII - - Q--R 8 Kt--B 6 mates accordingly. - ------ ------- ------------------ - Kt × Q any - - -No. XLVIII - - B--Kt 8 Q × B, ch. Q--QR 7, mate. - --------- ---------- -------------- - B--K Kt 2 Kt--K 4 - -if - - Q--Q 2, ch. P mates. - ------ ----------- -------- - B--B 3 K moves - - -No. XLIX - - B-Kt 2 Q--K 3 ch. mates. - ------ ---------- ------ - K--K 4 any - -There are other variations. - - -No. L - - Q--KR 2 Q--Q 6, ch. Kt--K 5. double ch. mate. - ------------- ----------- ------------------------- - K--B 3 or B 4 Q × Q - -There are other variations. - - -No. LI - - R--QR sq. R--R 2 P mates. - --------- ------ -------- - P moves P × R - - -No. LII - - Q--B sq. Q × BP ch. Q mates. - -------- ---------- -------- - P--K 7 K--Q 3 - -if - - Q × BP ch. Q mates. - ------ ---------- -------- - K--Q 2 K--B 3 - -There are other variations. - - -No. LIII - - B--R 8 Q--QR sq. Q--QKt. 7, mate. - ------ --------- ---------------- - K--R 2 K moves - - -No. LIV - - Q--R 5 Kt--Kt 5 Kt mates. - --------------- -------- --------- - B × Q or B--B 2 any - - -No. LV - - K--Kt 7 Q--Q 5, ch. Kt. mates. - ------- ----------- ---------- - Kt--B 3 Kt × Q - -if - - Q--B 8, ch. Q mates. - ------- ------- -------- - P--K 3 K moves - - -No. LVI - - R--Kt 6 B--Kt 4 R × P mate. - ------- ------- ----------- - P moves P × B - - -No. LVII - - Kt from R 3--Kt 5 B--B 4 P--Q 4 ch. R--B 5 mate. - ----------------- ------ -------------- ------------ - P × Kt P × B P × P _en pas_ - -if - - R--Kt 5 ch. mates accordingly. - ----- ----------- ------------------ - R × B any - -and if - - Kt--Q 6 R--B 5 ch. Kt--B 7 mate. - ------ ------- ---------- ------------- - Q--K 6 Q--Kt 3 Q × R - - -SCIENCE AT PLAY - - -No. LVIII.--THE GEARED WHEELS - -The arrow head at the top of a small wheel with ten teeth, which is -geared into and revolved round a large fixed wheel with forty teeth, -will point directly upwards five times in its course round the large -wheel. Four of these turnings are due to the rotation of the small wheel -on its own axis, and one of them results from its revolution round the -large wheel. - - -No. LX.--THE FIFTEEN BRIDGES - -It is possible to pass over all the bridges which connect the islands -_A_ and _B_ and the banks of the surrounding river without going over -any of them twice. - -The course can be shown thus, using capital letters for the different -regions of land, and italics for the bridges:--E_a_ F_b_ B_c_ F_d_ A_e_ -F_f_ C_g_ A_h_ C_i_ D_k_ A_m_ E_n_ A_p_ B_q_ E_l_D. - -This order of the bridges can, of course, be reversed. - - -No. LXVI.--A DUCK HUNT - -In order that a spaniel starting from the middle of a circular pond, and -going at the same pace as a duck that is swimming round its edge, shall -be sure to catch it speedily, the dog must always keep in the straight -line between the duck and the centre of the pond. - -The duck can never gain an advantage by turning back, and if it swims on -continuously in a circle it will be overtaken when it has passed through -a quarter of the circumference, for the dog will in the same time have -described a semi-circle whose diameter is the radius of the pond, ending -at the point where the duck is caught. - - -No. LXIX.--THE TETHERED BIRD - -When a bird tethered by a cord 50 feet long to a post 6 inches in -diameter uncoils the full length of the cord, and recoils it in the -opposite direction, keeping it always taut, it flies 10,157 feet, or -very nearly 2 miles, in its double course. - -To avoid possible misunderstanding, we point out that, in order to pass -from the uncoiling to the recoiling position, the bird must fly through -a semicircle at the end of the fully extended cord. - - -No. LXX.--THE MOVING DISC AND THE FLY - -[Illustration] - -When a fly, starting from the point _A_, just outside the revolving -disc, and always making straight for its mate at the point _B_, crosses -the disc in four minutes, during which time the disc is turning twice, -the revolution of the disc has a most curious and interesting effect on -the path of the fly. - -The fly is a quarter of a minute in passing from the outside circle to -the next, during which the disc has made an eighth of a revolution, and -the fly has reached the point marked 1. The succeeding points up to 16 -show the position of the fly at each quarter of a minute, until, by a -prettily repeated curve, _B_ is reached. - - -No. LXXI.--A SHUNTING PUZZLE - -The following method enables the engine _R_ to interchange the positions -of the wagons, _P_ and _Q_, for either of which there is room on the -straight rails at _A_, while there is not room there for the engine, -which, if it runs up either siding, must return the same way:-- - -1. _R_ pushes _P_ into _A_. 2. _R_ returns, pushes _Q_ up to _P_ in _A_, -couples _Q_ to _P_, draws them both out to _F_, and then pushes them to -_E_. 3. _P_ is now uncoupled, _R_ takes _Q_ back to _A_, and leaves it -there. 4. _R_ returns to _P_, pulls _P_ back to _C_, and leaves it -there. 5. _R_, running successively through _F_, _D_, _B_, comes to _A_, -draws _Q_ out, and leaves it at _B._ - - -No. LXXV.--PHARAOH’S SEAL - -It is quite puzzling to decide how many similar triangles or pyramids -are expressed on the seal of Pharaoh. There are in fact 96. - - -No. LXXVI.--ROUND THE GARDEN - -The four persons who started at noon from the central fountain, and -walked round the four paths at the rates of two, three, four, and five -miles an hour would meet for the third time at their starting point at -one o’clock, if the distance on each track was one-third of a mile. - - -No. LXXVII.--A JOINER’S PUZZLE - -This diagram shows how to divide Fig. _A_ into two parts, and so -rearrange these that they form either Fig. _B_ or Fig. _C_, without -turning either of the pieces. - - +--------------+ - | | - +--------------+ | +--+ - | | | | - | +--+ +--------------+--+ | +--+ - | | | | | | | | | - | +--+ | | +--+ | | +--+ | - | | | | | | | | | - | +--+ | | +--+ | | +--+ | - | | | | | | | | | - | +--+ | | +--+ | +--+ | - | | | | | | | | - +--+ | | +--+ | +--+ | - | | | | | | | - +--------------+ +--+--------------+ +--------------+ - A B C - -Cut the five steps, and shift the two pieces as is shown. - - -No. LXXVIII.--THE BROKEN OCTAGON - -The Broken Octagon is repaired and made perfect if its pieces are put -together thus:-- - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXXIX.--AT A DUCK POND - -The pond was doubled in size without disturbing the duck-houses, thus:-- - - +-----------○-----------+ - | / \ | - | / \ | - | / \ | - | / \ | - | / \ | - ○ ○ - | \ / | - | \ / | - | \ / | - | \ / | - | \ / | - +-----------○-----------+ - - -No. LXXX.--ALL ON THE SQUARE - -This is a perfect arrangement:-- - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXXXI.--PINS AND DOTS - -The pins may be placed thus:-- - -On the third dot in the top line; on the sixth dot in the second line; -on the second dot in the third line; on the fifth dot in the fourth -line; on the first dot in the fifth line; on the fourth dot in the sixth -line. - - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | \ / | - | * | * | * | * | * | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ | - *-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------*-----------* - - -No. LXXXII.--A TRICKY COURSE - -To trace this course draw lines upon the diagram from square 46 to -squares 38, 52, 55, 23, 58, 64, 8, 57, 1, 7, 42, 10, 13, 27, and 19. -This gives fifteen lines which pass through every square only once. - - -No. LXXXIII.--FOR THE CHILDREN - -Make a square with three on every side, and place the remaining four one -on each of the corner men or buttons. - - -No. LXXXVII.--LOYD’S MITRE PROBLEM - -The figure given is thus divided into four equal and similar parts:-- - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXXXIX.--CUT OFF THE CORNERS - - A E F B - +------+--------+------+ - | / \ | - | / \ | - |/ \| - M+ +G - | | - | | - | | - L+ +H - |\ /| - | \ / | - | \ / | - +------+--------+------+ - C K I D - -A very simple rule of thumb method for striking the points in the sides -of a square, which will be at the angles of an octagon formed by -cutting off equal corners of the square, is to place another square of -equal size upon the original one, so that the centre is common to both, -and the diagonal of the new square lies upon a diameter of the other -parallel to its side. - - -No. XCIII.--MAKING MANY SQUARES - -The subjoined diagram shows how the two oblongs, applied to the two -concentric squares, produce 31 perfect squares, namely, 17 small ones, -one equal to 25 of these, 5 equal to 9, and 8 equal to 4. - - +------+ - | | - | | - +-------------+------+-------------+ - | | | | - | | | | - | +------+------+------+ | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - +-----+------+------+------+------+------+------+ - | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | - +-----+------+------+------+------+------+------+ - | | | | | | - | | | | | | - | +------+------+------+ | - | | | | - | | | | - +-------------+------+-------------+ - | | - | | - +------+ - - -No. XCIV.--CUT ACROSS - -The Greek Cross can be divided by two straight cuts, so that the -resulting pieces will form a perfect square when re-set, as is shown in -these figures:-- - -[Illustration] - - -No. CV.--A TRANSFORMATION - -The diagram which is given below shows how the irregular Maltese Cross -can be divided by two straight cuts into four pieces, which form when -properly rearranged, a perfect square. - -[Illustration] - - -No. CVI.--SHIFTING THE CELLS - -The following diagram shows by its dark lines how the whole square can -be cut into four pieces, and these arranged as two perfect squares in -which every semicircle still occupies the upper half of its cell. - -One piece forms a square of nine cells, and it is easy to arrange the -other three pieces in a square of sixteen cells by lifting the three -cells and dropping the two. - - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ ∥ / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ ∥ / \ | - |/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \∥/ \| - | | | | ∥ | - | | | | ∥ | - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ ∥ / \ | - | / \ | / \ | / \ | / \ ∥ / \ | - |/ \|/ \|/ \|/ \∥/ \| - | | | | ∥ | - | | | | ∥ | - +-----------+-----------+===========+===========+===========+ - | / \ | / \ ∥ / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ ∥ / \ | / \ | / \ | - |/ \|/ \∥/ \|/ \|/ \| - | | ∥ | | | - | | ∥ | | | - +-----------+===========+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ ∥ / \ ∥ / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ ∥ / \ ∥ / \ | / \ | / \ | - |/ \∥/ \∥/ \|/ \|/ \| - | ∥ ∥ | | | - | ∥ ∥ | | | - +===========+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - | / \ | / \ ∥ / \ | / \ | / \ | - | / \ | / \ ∥ / \ | / \ | / \ | - |/ \|/ \∥/ \|/ \|/ \| - | | ∥ | | | - | | ∥ | | | - +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ - - -No. CVII.--IN A TANGLE - -[Illustration] - -It will be seen, on the subjoined diagram, how twenty-one counters or -coins can be placed on the figure so that they fall into symmetrical -design, and form thirty rows, with three in each row. - - -No. CVIII.--STILL A SQUARE - - A - +------+------+------+ - | | | | - | | | | - +------+------+------+ C - | | | - | | | - +------+------+ - B - -In order that a square and an additional quarter may be divided by two -straight lines so that their parts, separated and then reunited, form a -perfect square, lines must be drawn from the point _A_ to the corners -_B_ and _C_. Draw the figure on paper, cut through these lines, and you -will find that the pieces can be so reunited that they form a perfect -square. - - -No. CIX.--A TRANSFORMATION - -The diagram below shows how the seven parts of the square can be -rearranged so that they form the figure 8. - -[Illustration] - - -No. CX.--TO MAKE AN OBLONG - -Here is an oblong formed by piecing together two of the smaller -triangles, and four of each of the other patterns-- - -[Illustration] - -Here is another:-- - -[Illustration] - - -No. CXI.--SQUARES ON THE CROSS - -This diagram shows how every indication of the seventeen squares is -broken up by the removal of seven of the asterisks which mark their -corners. - -[Illustration] - -Those surrounded by circles are to be removed. - - -No. CXII.--A CHINESE PUZZLE - - |\ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | \ - | +--\ - | | \ - | +--+--+ \ - | | | \ - | +--+ +--+\ - | | | \ - +--+ +--+\ - | | \ - +-----------------+--+ - -The dotted lines on the triangular figure show how a piece of cardboard -cut to the shape of Fig. 1 can be divided into three pieces, and -rearranged so that these form a star shaped as in Fig. 2. - - -No. CXIII.--FIRESIDE FUN - -To solve this puzzle slip the first coin or counter from _A_ to _D_, -then the others in turn from _F_ to _A_, from _C_ to _F_, from _H_ to -_C_, from _E_ to _H_, from _B_ to _E_, from _G_ to _B_, and place the -last on _G_. It can only be done by a sequence of this sort, in which -each starting point is the finish of the next move. - -[Illustration] - - -AMUSING PROBLEMS - - -1. THE CARPENTER’S PUZZLE - -The carpenter cleverly contrived to mend a hole 2 feet wide and 12 feet -long, by cutting the board which was 3 feet wide and 8 feet long, as is -shown in Fig. 1, and putting the two pieces together as is shown in Fig. -2. - - Fig. 1. - +----------------+ - | ________| - |________| | - | | - +----------------+ - - Fig. 2. - +------------------------+ - | ________¦ | - | ¦ | - +------------------------+ - - -2. GOLDEN PIPPINS - -Here is another solution:-- - - 1| 3| 5| 7| 9|11|13|15|17|19 - 39|37|35|33|31|29|27|25|23|21 - 2| 4| 6| 8|10|12|14|16|18|20 - 40|38|36|34|32|30|28|26|24|22 - --+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+-- - 82|82|82|82|82|82|82|82|82|82 - - -3. AN AWKWARD FIX - -I was able to find my way in a strange district, when the sign-post lay -uprooted in the ditch, without any difficulty. I simply replaced the -post in its hole, so that the proper arm, with its lettering, _pointed -the way that I had come_, and then, of necessity, the directions of the -other arms were correct. - - -4. LINKED SWEETNESS LONG DRAWN OUT - -The train was whistling for 5 minutes. Sound travels about a mile in 5 -seconds, so the first I heard of it was 5 seconds after it began. Its -last sound reached me 7¹⁄₂ seconds after it ceased, so I heard the -whistle for 5 minutes, 2¹⁄₂ seconds. - - -5. These quarters were not so elastic as they are made to appear. In -good truth, considering that the second man who was placed in _A_ was -afterwards removed to _I_, no real _second_ man was provided for at -all. - - -6. The first day of a new century can never be Sunday, Wednesday, or -Friday. The cycle of the Gregorian calendar is completed in 400 years, -after which all dates repeat themselves. - -As in this cycle there are only four first days of a century, it is -clear that three of the seven days of the week must be excluded. Any -perpetual calendar shows that the four which do occur are Monday, -Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, so that Sunday, Wednesday, and Friday -are shut out. - -A neat corollary to this proof is that Monday is the only day which may -be the first, or which may be the last, day of a century. - - -7. A cricket bat with spliced handle has such good driving power, -because the elasticity of the handle allows the ball to be in contact -with the blade of the bat for a longer time than would otherwise be -possible. - -With similar effect the “follow through” of the club head at golf -maintains contact with the ball, when it is already travelling fast. - - -8. When two volumes stand in proper order on my bookshelf, each 2 inches -thick over all, with covers ¹⁄₈ of an inch in thickness, a bookworm -would only have to bore ¹⁄₄ of an inch, to penetrate from the first page -of Vol. I, to the last page of Vol. II, for these pages would be in -actual contact if there was no binding. This very pretty and puzzling -question combines in its solution all the best qualities of a clever -catch with solid and simple facts. - - -9. A man would have to fall from a height of nearly 15 miles to reach -earth before the sound of his cry as he started. The velocity of sound -is constant, while that of a falling body is continually accelerated. At -first the cry far outstrips the falling man, but he _overtakes and -passes through his own scream_ in about 14¹⁄₂ miles, for his body falls -through the 15 miles in 70 seconds, and sound travels as far in 72 -seconds. Air resistance, and the fact that sound cannot pass from a rare -to a dense atmosphere, are disregarded in this curious calculation. - - -10. A man on a perfectly smooth table in a vacuum, and where there was -no friction, though no contortions of his body would avail to get away -from this position, could escape from the predicament by throwing from -him something which he could detach from his person, such as his watch -or coat. He would himself instantly slide off in the opposite direction! - - -11. The monkey clinging to one end of a rope that passes over a single -fixed pulley, while an equal weight hangs on the other end, cannot climb -up the rope, or rise any higher from the ground. - -If he continues to try to climb up, he will gradually pull the balancing -weight on the other end of the rope upwards, and the slack of the rope -will drop below him, while he remains in the same place. - -If, after some efforts, he rests, he will sink lower and lower, until -the weight reaches the pulley, because of the extra weight of rope on -his side, if friction is disregarded. - - -12. Though the tension on a pair of traces tends as much to pull the -horse backward as it does to pull the carriage forward, it is the -initial pull from slack to taut which sets the traces in motion; and -this, once started, must continue indefinitely until checked by a -counter pull. - - -13. Some say that a rubber tyre leaves a double rut in dust and a -single one in mud, because the air, rushing from each side into the wake -of the wheel, piles up the loose dust. Others hold that the central -ridge is caused by the continuous contraction of the tyre as it passes -its point of contact with the road. - -A correspondent, writing some years ago to “Knowledge,” said:--“It is -our old friend the sucker. The tyre being round, the weight on centre of -track only is great enough to enable the tyre to draw up a ridge of dust -after it.” - - -14. If two cats on a sloping roof are on the point of slipping off, one -might think that whichever had the longest paws (pause) would hold on -best. Todhunter, in playful mood, saw deeper into it than that, and -pronounced for the cat that had the _highest mew_, for to his -mathematical mind the Greek letter _mu_ was the coefficient of friction! - - -15. If a penny held between finger and thumb, and released by -withdrawing the finger, starts “heads” and makes half a turn in falling -through the first foot, it will be “heads” again on reaching the floor, -if it is held four feet above it at first. - - -16. HE DID IT! - -Funnyboy had secretly prepared himself for the occasion by rubbing the -chemical coating from the side of the box on to his boot. - - -17. THE CYCLE SURPRISE - -If a bicycle is stationary, with one pedal at its lowest point, and that -pedal is pulled backwards, while the bicycle is lightly supported, the -bicycle will move backwards, and the pedal relatively to the bicycle, -will move forwards. This would be quite unexpected by most people, and -it is well worth trying. - - -18. The rough stones, by which any number of pounds, from 1 to 364, can -be weighed, are respectively 1 ℔., 3 ℔s., 9 ℔s., 27 ℔s., 81 ℔s., and 243 -℔s. in weight. - - -19. If we disregard the resistance of the air, a small clot of mud -thrown from the hindermost part of a wheel would describe a parabola, -which would, in its descending limb, bring it back into kissing contact -with the wheel which had rejected it. - - -20. THE CARELESS CARPENTER - -When the carpenter cut the door _too little_, he did not in fact _cut it -enough_, and he had to cut it again, so that it might fit. - - -21. If from the North Pole you start sailing in a south-westerly -direction, and keep a straight course for twenty miles, you must steer -due north to get back as quickly as possible to the Pole, if, indeed, it -has been possible to start from it in any direction other than due -south. - - -22. DICK IN A SWING - -Dick’s feet will travel in round numbers nearly 16 feet further than his -head, or to be exact, 15·707,960 feet. - - -23. A POSER - -The initial letters of Turkey, Holland, England, France, Italy, Norway, -Austria, Lapland, and Spain spell, and in this sense are the same as, -“the finals.” - - -CURIOUS CALCULATIONS - - -1. The only sum of money which satisfies the condition that its pounds, -shillings, and pence written down as a continuous number, exactly give -the number of farthings which it represents, is £12, 12s., 8d., for this -sum contains 12,128 farthings. - - -2. If, when a train, on a level track, and running all the time at 30 -miles an hour, slips a carriage which is uniformly retarded by brakes, -and this comes to rest in 200 yards, the train itself will then have -travelled 400 yards. - -The slip carriage, uniformly retarded from 30 miles an hour to no miles -an hour, has an average speed of 15 miles an hour, while the train -itself, running on at 30 miles an hour all the time, has just double -that speed, and so covers just twice the distance. - - -3. The traveller had fivepence farthing when he said to the landlord, -“Give me as much as I have in my hand, and I will spend sixpence with -you.” After repeating this process twice he had no money left. - - -4. This is the way to obtain eleven by adding one-third of twelve to -four-fifths of seven-- - - TW(EL)VE + S(EVEN) = ELEVEN - - -5. Here is the completed sum:-- - - 215)*7*9*(1** 215)37195(173 - *** 215 - ---- ---- - *5*9 1569 - *5*5 1505 - ---- ---- - *4* 645 - *** 645 - === === - -The clue is that no figure but 3, when multiplied into 215, produces 4 -in the tens place. - - -6. If I attempt to buy as many heads of asparagus as can be encircled by -a string 2 feet long for double the price paid for as many as half that -length will encompass, I shall not succeed. A circle double of another -in circumference is also double in diameter, and its area is four times -that of the other. - - -7. If, when you reverse me, and my square, and my cube, and my fourth -power, you find that no changes have been made, I am 11, my square is -121, my cube 1331, and my fourth power 14641. - - -8. A thousand pounds can be stored in ten sealed bags, so that any sum -in pounds up to £1,000 can be paid without breaking any of the seals, by -placing in the bags 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and 489 -sovereigns. - - -9. It is the fraction ⁶⁄₉ which is unchanged when turned over, and -which, when taken thrice, and then divided by two becomes 1. - - -10. When the three gamblers agreed that the loser should always double -the sum of money that the other two had before them, and they each lost -once, and fulfilled the conditions, remaining each with eight sovereigns -in hand, they had started with £13, £7, and £4 as the following table -shows:-- - - A B C - £ £ £ - At starts 13 7 4 - When A loses 2 14 8 - When B loses 4 4 16 - When C loses 8 8 8 - - -11. Tom’s sum, which his mischievous neighbour rubbed almost out, is -reconstructed thus:-- - - 345 345 - ** 37 - ----- ----- - **** 2415 - **** 1035 - ----- ----- - **76* 12765 - - -12. Here are two other arrangements of the nine digits which produce 45, -their sum; each is used once only:-- - - 5 × 8 × 9 × (7 + 2) - ------------------- = 45 - 1 × 3 × 4 × 6 - - 7² - 5 × 8 × 9 - -------------- + 1 = 45 - 3 × 4 × 6 - - -13. If, when the combined ages of Mary and Ann are 44, Mary is twice as -old as Ann was when Mary was half as old as Ann will be when Ann is -three times as old as Mary was when Mary was three times as old as Ann, -Mary is 27¹⁄₂ years old, and Ann is 16¹⁄₂. - -For, tracing the question backwards, when Ann was 5¹⁄₂ Mary was 16¹⁄₂. -When Ann is three times that age she will be 49¹⁄₂. The half of this is -24³⁄₄, and when Mary was at that age Ann was 13³⁄₄. Mary’s age, by the -question, was twice this, or 27¹⁄₂. - - -14. It is safer at backgammon to leave a blot in the tables which can be -taken by an ace than one which a three would hit. In either the case of -an actual ace or a three the chance is one in eleven; but there are two -chances of throwing deuce-ace, the equivalent of three. - - -15. If I start from a bay, where the needle points due north, 1200 miles -from the North Pole, and the course is perfectly clear, I can never -reach it if I steam continuously 20 miles an hour, steering always north -by the compass needle. After about 200 miles I come upon the Magnetic -Pole, which so affects the needle that it no longer leads me northward, -and I may have to steer south by it to reach the geographical Pole. - - -16. The 21 casks, 7 full, 7 half full, and 7 empty, were shared equally -by A, B, and C, as follows:-- - - Full cask. Half full. Empty. - A 2 3 2 - B 2 3 2 - C 3 1 3 - -or-- - - A 3 1 3 - B 3 1 3 - C 1 5 1 - -Thus each had 7 casks, and the equivalent of 3¹⁄₂ caskfuls of wine. - - -17. The foraging mouse, able to carry home three ears at a time from a -box full of ears of corn, could not add more than fourteen ears of corn -to its store in fourteen journeys, for it had each time to carry along -two ears of its own. - - -18. If, with equal quantities of butter and lard, a small piece of -butter is taken and mixed into all the lard, and if then a piece of this -blend of similar size is put back into the butter, there will be in the -end exactly as much lard in the butter as there is butter in the lard. - - -19. The fallacy of the equation-- - - 4 - 10 = 9 - 15 - - 4 - 10 + ²⁵⁄₄ = 9 - 15 + ²⁵⁄₄ - -and the square roots of these-- - - 2 - ⁵⁄₂ = 3 - ⁵⁄₂ - - therefore 2 = 3 - -is explained thus:--The fallacy lies in ignoring the fact that the -square roots are _plus or minus_. In the working we have taken both -roots as _plus_. If we take one root plus, and the other minus, and add -⁵⁄₂, we have either 2 = 2, or 3 = 3. - - -20. The largest possible parcel which can be sent through the post under -the official limits of 3 feet 6 inches in length, and 6 feet in length -and girth combined, is a cylinder 2 feet long and 4 feet in -circumference, the cubic contents of which are 2⁶⁄₁₁ cubic feet. - - -21. We can show, or seem to show, that either four, five, or six nines -amount to 100, thus:-- - - IX - IX - 99⁹⁄₉ = 100 IX 9 × 9 + 9 + 9⁹⁄₉ = 100 - IX - IX - --- - 100 - - -22. This is the magic square arrangement, so contrived that the -products of the rows, columns, and diagonals are all 1,000. - - +---+---+---+ - | 50| 1| 20| - +---+---+---+ - | 4| 10| 25| - +---+---+---+ - | 5|100| 2| - +---+---+---+ - - -23. If seven boys caught four crabs in the rock-pools at Beachy Head in -six days, the twenty-one boys who searched under the seaweed and only -caught one crab with the same rate of success were only at work for -_half a day_. - - -24. A watch could be set of a different trio from a company of fifteen -soldiers for 455 nights, and one of them, John Pipeclay, could be -included ninety-one times. - - -25. If Augustus Cæsar was born September 23, B.C. 63, he celebrated his -sixty-third birthday on September 23, B.C. 0; or, writing it otherwise, -September 23, A.D. 0; or again, if we wish to include both symbols, B.C. -0 A.D. It is clear that his sixty-second birthday fell on September 23, -B.C. 1, and his sixty-fourth on September 23, A.D. 1, so that the -intervening year may be written as above. - - -26. The difference of the ages of _A_ and _B_ who were born in 1847 and -1874, is 27, or 30 - 03. Hence, when _A_ was 30 _B_ was 03. And _A_ was -30 in 1877. Eleven years later _A_ was 41 and _B_ 14, and eleven years -after that _A_ was 52 and _B_ 25. Thus the same two digits served to -express the ages of both in 1877, 1888, and 1899. This can only happen -in the cases of those whose ages differ by some multiple of nine. - - - 27 A hundred and one by fifty divide, - To this let a cypher be duly applied; - And when the result you can rightly divine, - You find that its value is just one in nine-- - -is solved by CLIO, one of the nine Muses. - - -28. The man who paid a penny on Monday morning to cross the ferry, spent -half of what money he then had left in the town, and paid another penny -to recross the ferry, and who repeated this course on each succeeding -day, reaching home on Saturday evening with one penny in his pocket, -started on Monday with £1 1s. 1d. in hand. - - -29. When the three men agreed to share their mangoes equally after -giving one to the monkey, and when each helped himself to a third after -giving one to the monkey, without knowing that anyone had been before -him, and they finally met together, gave one to the monkey, and divided -what still remained, there must have been at least seventy-nine mangoes -for division at the first. - - -30. If, after having looked at my watch between 4 and 5, I look again -between 7 and 8, and find that the hour and minute-hands have then -exactly changed places, it was 36 12-13 minutes past 4 when I first -looked. At that time the hour-hand would be pointing to 23 1-13 minutes -on the dial, and at 23 1-13 minutes past 7 the hour hand would be -pointing to 36 12-13 minutes. - - -31. The number consisting of 22 figures, of which the last is 7, which -is increased exactly sevenfold if this 7 is moved to the first place, is -1,014,492,753,623,188,405,797. - - -32. The two sacks of wheat, each 4 feet long and 3 feet in -circumference, which the farmer sent to the miller in repayment for one -sack 4 feet long and 6 feet in circumference, far from being a -satisfactory equivalent, contained but half the quantity of the larger -sack, for the area of a circle the diameter of which is double that of -another is equal to four times the area of that other. - - -33. The five gamblers, who made the condition that each on losing should -pay to the others as much as they then had in hand, and who each lost in -turn, and had each £32 in hand at the finish, started with £81, £41, -£21, £11, and £6 respectively. - - -34. If we know the square of any number, we can rapidly determine the -square of the next number, without multiplication, by adding the two -numbers to the known square. Thus if we know that the square of 87 is -7569, - - then the square of 88 = 7569 + 87 + 88 = 7744; - so too the square of 89 = 7744 + 88 + 89 = 7921; - and the square of 90 = 7921 + 89 + 90 = 8100. - - -35. The two numbers which solve the problem-- - - Two numbers seek which make eleven, - Divide the larger by the less, - The quotient is exactly seven, - As all who find them will confess-- - -are 1³⁄₈ and 9⁵⁄₈, for 1³⁄₈ + 9⁵⁄₈ = 11, and ⁷⁷⁄₈ ÷ ¹¹⁄₈ = 7. - - -36. There must be nine things of each sort, in order that -^99999999999999999999^ different selections may be made from twenty -sorts of things. - - -37. The women who had respectively 33, 29, and 27 apples, and sold the -same number for a penny, receiving an equal amount of money, began by -selling at the rate of three a penny. The first sold ten pennyworth, the -second eight pennyworth, and the third seven pennyworth. - -The first had then left three apples, the second five, and the third -six. These they sold at one penny each, so that they received on the -whole-- - - The first 10d. + 3d. = 13d. - The second 8d. + 5d. = 13d. - The third 7d. + 6d. = 13d. - - -38. The puzzle-- - - Take five from five, oh, that is mean! - Take five from seven, and this is seen-- - -is solved by _fie_, _seen_. - - -39. If a bun and a half cost three halfpence, it is plain that each bun -costs a penny, but, by general custom, you buy seven for sixpence. - - -40. The hands of a watch would meet each other twenty-five times in a -day, if the minute-hand moved backwards and the hour-hand forwards. They -are, of course, together at starting. - - -41. The only way in which half-a-crown can be equally divided between -two fathers and two sons, so that a penny is the smallest coin made use -of, is to give tenpence each to a grandfather, his son, and his -grandson. - - -42. If the number of the revolutions of a bicycle wheel in six seconds -is equal to the number of miles an hour at which it is running, the -circumference of the wheel is 8⁴⁄₅ feet. - - -43. The hour that struck was twelve o’clock. - - -44. Sixty years. - - -45. If I jump off a table with a 20lb dumb-bell in my hand there is no -pressure upon me from its weight while I am in the air. - - -46. If at a bazaar I paid a shilling on entering each of four tents, and -another shilling on leaving it, and spent in each tent half of what was -in my pocket, and if my fourth payment on leaving took my last shilling, -I started with 45s., spending 22s. in tent 1, 10s. in tent 2, 4s. in -tent 3, and 1s. in tent 4, having also paid to the doorkeepers 8s. - - -47. When rain is falling vertically at 5 miles an hour, and I am walking -through it at 4 miles an hour, the rain drops will strike the top of my -umbrella at right angles if I hold it at an angle of nearly 39 degrees. - -As I walk along, meeting the rain, the effect is the same as it would be -if I was standing still, and the wind was blowing the rain towards me at -the rate of 4 miles an hour. - - -48. When one monkey descends from the top of a tree 100 cubits high, and -makes its way to a well 200 yards distant, while another monkey, leaping -upwards from the top, descends by the hypotenuse to the well, both -passing over an equal space, the second monkey springs 50 cubits into -the air. - - -49. The steamboat which springs a leak 105 miles east of Tynemouth -Lighthouse, and, putting back, goes at the rate of 10 miles an hour the -first hour, but loses ground to the extent in each succeeding hour of -one-tenth of her speed in the previous hour, never reaches the -lighthouse, but goes down 5 miles short of it. - - -50. Twenty-one hens will lay ninety-eight eggs in a week, if a hen and -a-half lays an egg and a-half in a day and a-half. Evidently one egg is -laid in a day by a hen and a-half, that is to say three hens lay two -eggs in a day. Therefore, twenty-one hens lay fourteen eggs, in a day, -or ninety-eight in a week. - - Q. E. D. (Quite easily done!) - - -51. If the population of Bristol exceeds by 237 the number of hairs on -the head of anyone of its inhabitants that are not bald, at least 474 of -them must have the same number of hairs on their heads. - - -52. In tipping his nephew from seven different coins, the uncle may give -or retain each, thus disposing of it in two ways, or of all in 2 × 2 × 2 -× 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 ways. But as one of these ways would be to retain them -all, there are not 128, but only 127 possible variations of the tip. - - -53. The prime number which fulfils the various conditions of the -question is 127. Increased by one-third, excluding fractions, it becomes -169, the square of 13. If its first two figures are transposed, and it -is increased by one-third, it becomes 289, the square of 17. If its -first figure is put last, and it is increased by one-third, it becomes -361, the square of 19. If, finally, its three figures are transposed, -and then increased by one-third, it becomes 961, the square of 31. - - -54. Six things can be divided between two boys in 62 ways. They could be -_carried_ by two boys in 64 ways (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2), but they are -not _divided_ between two boys if all are given to one, so that two of -the 64 ways must be rejected. - - -55. The highest possible score that the dealer can make at six cribbage, -if he is allowed to select the cards, and to determine the order of -play, is 78. The dealer and his opponent must each hold 3, 3, 4, 4, the -turn-up must be a 5, and crib must have the knave of the suit turned up, -and 5, 5, 5. It will amuse many of our readers to test this with the -cards. - - -56. The picture frame must be 3 inches in width all round, if it is -exactly to equal in area the picture it contains, which measures 18 -inches by 12 inches. - - -57. If my mother was 20 when I was born, my sister is two years my -junior, and my brother is four years younger still, our ages are 56, 36, -34, and 30. - - -58. The spider in the dockyard, whose thread was drawn from her by a -revolving capstan 1 foot in diameter, until 73 feet of it were paid out, -after walking for a mile round and round the capstan at the end of the -stretched thread in an effort to unwind it all, had, when she stopped in -her spiral course, 49 more feet to walk to complete her task. - - -59. The mountebank at a fair, who offered to return any stake a -hundredfold to anyone who could turn up all the sequence in twenty -throws of dice marked each on one face only with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, -should in fairness have engaged to return 2332 times the money; for of -the 46,656 possible combinations of the faces of the dice, only one can -give the six marked faces uppermost. Thus the chance of throwing them -all at one throw is expressed by ¹⁄₄₆₆₅₆, and in twenty throws by about -¹⁄₂₃₃₂. - - -60. If 90 groats (each = 4d.) feed twenty cats for three weeks, and five -cats consume as much as three dogs, seventy-two hounds can be fed for -£39 in a period of ninety-one days. - - -61. When equal wine-glasses, a half and a third full of wine, are filled -up with water, and their contents are mixed, and one wine-glass is -filled with the mixture, it contains ⁵⁄₁₂ wine and ⁷⁄₁₂ water. - - -62. The arrangement by which St Peter is said to have secured safety for -the fifteen Christians, when half of the vessel’s passengers were thrown -overboard in a storm, is as follows:-- - - XXXXIIIIIXXIXXXIXIIXXIIIXIIXXI - -Each Christian is represented by an X, and if every ninth man is taken -until fifteen have been selected, no X becomes a victim. - - -63. If Farmer Southdown’s cow had a fine calf every year, and each of -these, and their calves in their turn, at two years old followed this -example, the result would be no less than 2584 head in sixteen years. - - -64. The number of the flock was 301. This is found by first taking the -least common multiple of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, which is 60, and then finding -the lowest multiple of this, which with 1 added is divisible by 7. This -301 is exactly divisible by 7, but by the smaller numbers there is 1 as -remainder. - - -65. The rule for determining easily the number of round bullets in a -flat pyramid, with a base line of any length, is this:-- - -Add a half to half the number on the base line, and multiply the result -by the number on that line. Thus, if there are twelve bullets as a -foundation-- - - 12 + ¹⁄₂ = ¹³⁄₂; and ¹³⁄₂ × ¹²⁄₁ = 78. - -The same result is reached by multiplying the number on the base line by -a number larger by one, and then halving the result. Thus-- - - 12 × 13 = 156, 156 ÷ 2 = 78. - - -66. We can gather from the lines-- - - Old General Host - A battle lost, - And reckoned on a hissing, - When he saw plain - What men were slain, - And prisoners, and missing. - - To his dismay - He learned next day - What havoc war had wrought; - He had, at most, - But half his host - Plus ten times three, six, ought. - - One-eighth were lain - On beds of pain, - With hundreds six beside; - One-fifth were dead, - Captives, or fled, - Lost in grim warfare’s tide. - - Now, if you can, - Tell me, my man, - What troops the general numbered, - When on that night - Before the fight - The deadly cannon slumbered? - -that old General Host had an army 24,000 strong. - - -67. When the farmer sent five pieces of chain of 3 links each, to be -made into one continuous length, agreeing to pay a penny for each link -cut, and a penny for each link joined, the blacksmith, if he worked in -the best interest of the farmer, could only charge sixpence: for he -could cut asunder one set of 3 links, and use these three single links -between the other four sets. - - -68. If, in a parcel of old silver and copper coins, each silver piece is -worth as many pence as there are copper coins, and each copper coin is -worth as many pence as there are silver coins, there are eighteen silver -and six copper coins, when the whole parcel is worth eighteen shillings. - - -69. These are five groups that can be arranged with the numbers 1 to 11 -inclusive, so that they are all equal:-- - - (8² - 5² + 1) = (11² - 9²) = (7² - 3²) = (6² + 2²) = 4(10). - - -70. John Bull, under the conditions given, lived to the age of -eighty-four years. - - -71. The two numbers to each of which, or to the halves of which, unity -is added, forming in every case a square number, are 48 and 1680. - - -72. The true weight of a cheese that seemed to weigh 16 ℔s. in one scale -of a balance with arms of unequal length, and only 9℔s. in the other, is -12℔. This is found by multiplying the 16 by the 9, and finding the -square root of the result. - - -73. The two parts into which 100 can be divided, so that if one of them -is divided by the other the quotient is again exactly 100 are 99¹⁄₁₀₁ -and ¹⁰⁰⁄₁₀₁. - - -74. If, with marbles in two pockets, I add one to those in that on the -right, and then multiply its contents by the number it held at first, -and after dealing in a similar way with those on the left, find the -difference between the two results to be 90; while if I multiply the sum -of the two original quantities by the square of their difference the -result is 176, I started with twenty-three in the right-hand pocket and -twenty-one in the other. - - -75. The circle of twenty-one friends who arranged to meet each week five -at a time for Bridge so long as exactly the same party did not meet more -than once, and who wished to hire a central room for this purpose, would -need it for no less than 20,349 weeks, or more than 390 years, to carry -out their plan. - - -76. If a herring and a half costs (not cost) a penny and a half, the -price of a dozen such quantities is eighteenpence. - - -77. The sum of money which in a sense appears to be the double of itself -is 1s. 10d., for we may write it _one_ and _ten_ pence or _two_ and -_twenty_ pence. - - -78. The “comic arithmetic” question set by Dr Bulbous Roots-- - -Divide my fifth by my first, and you have my fourth; subtract my first -from my fifth, and you have my second; multiply my first by my fourth -followed by my second, and you have my third; place my second after my -first, and you have my third multiplied by my fourth--is solved by -COMIC. - - -79. If the earth could stand still, and a straight tunnel could be bored -through it, a cannon ball dropped into it, if there is no air or other -source of friction, would oscillate continually from end to end. - -Taking air into account, the ball would fall short of the opposite end -at its first lap, and in succeeding laps its path would become shorter -and shorter, until its initial energy was exhausted, when it would come -to rest at the centre. - - -80. He sent 163. She sent 157. - - -81. When twins were born the estate was properly divided thus:-- - - Taking the daughter’s share as 1 - The widow’s share would be 2 - And the son’s share 4 - - - Total 7 shares. - -So the son takes four-sevenths, the widow two-sevenths, and the daughter -one-seventh of the estate. - - -82. If each of my strides forwards or backwards across a 22 feet carpet -is 2 feet, and I make a stride every second; and if I take three strides -forwards and two backwards until I cross the carpet, I reach the end of -it in forty-three seconds. In three steps I advance 6 feet. Then in two -steps I retrace 4 feet, thus gaining only 2 feet in five steps, _i.e._, -in five seconds. I therefore advance 16 feet in forty seconds, and three -more strides cover the remaining 6 feet. - - -83. If the captain of a vessel chartered to sail from Lisbon to New -York, which appear on a map of the world to be on the same parallel of -latitude, and which are, along the parallel, about 3600 miles apart, -takes his ship along this parallel, he will not be doing his best for -the impatient merchant who has had an urgent business call to New York. - -The shortest course between the two points is traced by a segment of a -“great circle,” having its centre at the centre of the earth, and -touching the two points. This segment lies wholly north of the parallel, -and is the shortest possible course. - - -84. When John and Harry, starting from the right angle of a triangular -field, run along its sides, and meet first in the middle of the opposite -side, and again 32 yards from their starting point, if John’s speed is -to Harry’s as 13 to 11, the sides of the field measure 384 yards. - - -85. If two sorts of wine when mixed in a flagon in equal parts cost -15d., but when mixed so that there are two parts of _A_ to three of _B_ -cost 14d., a flagon of _A_ would cost 20d., and a flagon of _B_ 10d. - - -86. If, when a man met a beggar, he gave him half of his loose cash and -a shilling, and meeting another gave him half what was left and two -shillings, and to a third half the remainder and three shillings, he had -two guineas at first. - - -87. The clerk who has two offers of work from January 1, one from _A_ of -£100 a year, with an annual rise of £20, and the other from _B_ of £100 -a year, with a half-yearly rise of £5, should accept _B_’s offer. - -The half-yearly payments from _A_ (allowing for the rise), would be 50, -50, 60, 60, 70, 70, etc., etc.; and from _B_ they would be 50, 55, 60, -65, 70, 75, etc., etc., so that _B_’s offer is worth £5 a year more than -_A_’s always. - - -88. If I have a number of florins and half-crowns, but no other coins, I -can pay my tailor £11, 10s. in 224 different ways. - -This can be found thus by rule of thumb: Start with 0 half-crowns and -115 florins. Then 4 half-crowns and 110 florins. Add 4 half-crowns and -deduct 5 florins each time till 92 half-crowns and 0 florins is reached. - - -89. The monkey climbing a greased pole, 60 feet high, who ascended 3 -feet, and slipped back 2 feet in alternate seconds, reached the top in 1 -minute, 55 seconds, for he did not slip back from the top. - - -90. When Adze, the carpenter, secured his tool-chest with a puzzle lock -of six revolving rings, each engraved with twelve different letters, the -chances against any one discovering the secret word formed by a letter -on each ring was 2,985,983 to 1; for the seventy-two letters may be -placed in 2,985,984 different arrangements, only one of which is the -key. - - -91. The five married couples who arranged to dine together in -Switzerland at a round table, with the ladies always in the same places, -so long as the men could seat themselves each between two ladies, but -never next to his own wife, were able under these conditions to enjoy -thirteen of these nights at the round table. - - -92. If in a calm the tip of a rush is 9 inches above the surface of a -lake, and as the wind rises it is gradually blown aslant, until at the -distance of a yard it is submerged, it is growing in water that is 5 -feet 7¹⁄₂ inches deep. - - -93. Aminta was eighteen. - - -94. When Dick took a quarter of the bag of nuts, and gave the one over -to the parrot, and Tom and Jack and Harry dealt in the same way with the -remainders in their turns, each finding a nut over from the reduced -shares for the bird, and one was again over when they divided the final -remainder equally, there were, at the lowest estimate, 1021 nuts in the -bag. - - -95. Eight and a quarter is the answer to the nonsense question-- - - If five times four are thirty-three, - What will the fourth of twenty be? - - -96. The similar fraction of a pound, a shilling, and a penny which make -up exactly a pound are as follows:-- - - s. d. - ²⁴⁰⁄₂₅₃ of £1 = 18 11¹⁶⁹⁄₂₅₃ - ²⁴⁰⁄₂₅₃ of 1s. = 11⁹⁷⁄₂₅₃ - ²⁴⁰⁄₂₅₃ of 1d. = ²⁴⁰⁄₂₅₃ - --------------- - £1 0 0 - ======== - - -97. When Dr Tripos thought of a number, added 3, divided by 2, added 8, -multiplied by 2, subtracted 2, and thus arrived at double the number, he -started with 17. - - -98. When _A_ and _B_ deposited equal stakes with _C_, and agreed that -the one who should first win three games of billiards should take all, -but consented to a division in proper shares when _A_ had won two games -and _B_ one, it was evident that if _A_ won the next game all would go -to him, while if he lost he would be entitled to one half. One case was -as probable as the other, therefore he was entitled to _half of these -sums taken together_; that is, to three quarters of the stakes, and _B_ -to a quarter only. - - -99. The average speed of a motor which runs over any course at 10 miles -an hour, and returns over the same course at 15 miles an hour, is 12 -miles an hour, and not 12¹⁄₂, as might be imagined. Thus a run of 60 -miles out takes, under the conditions, six hours, and the return takes -four hours; so that the double journey of 120 miles is done in ten -hours, at an average speed of 12 miles an hour. - - -100. Farmer Hodge, who proposed to divide his sheep into two unequal -parts, so that the larger part added to the square of the smaller part -should equal the smaller part added to the square of the larger part, -had but one sheep. - -Faithful to his word, he divided this sheep into two unequal parts, ²⁄₃ -and ¹⁄₃, and was able to show that ²⁄₃ + ¹⁄₉ = ⁷⁄₉, and that ¹⁄₃ + ⁴⁄₉ = -⁷⁄₉. He was heard to declare further, and he was absolutely right, that -_no number larger than_ 1 can be so divided as to satisfy the conditions -which he had laid down. - -The fact that _sheep_ is both singular and plural, adds much to the -perplexing points of this attractive problem. - -Here is a very simple proof that the number _must be_ 1:-- - - Let a + b = no. of sheep - - then a² + b = b² + a - - a² - b² = a - b - - or (a + b)(a - b) = a - b - - therefore a + b = 1. - - -101. A horse that carries a load can draw a greater weight _up the shaft -of a mine_ than a horse that bears no burden. The load holds him more -firmly to the ground, and thus gives him greater power over the weight -he is raising from below. - - -102. In the six chests, of which two contained pence, two shillings, and -two pounds, there must have been at least the value of 506 pence. This -can be divided into 22 (or 19 + 3) shares of 23d. each, or 23 (19 + 4) -shares of 22d. each. Evidently then the treasure can be divided so that -19 men have equal shares, while their captain has either 3 shares or 4 -shares. - - -103. If I bought a parcel of nuts at 49 for 2d., and divided it into two -equal parts, one of which I sold at 24, the other at 25 a penny; and if -I spent and received an integral number of pence, but bought the least -possible number of nuts, I bought 58,800 nuts, at a cost of £10, and I -gained a penny. - - -104. When, with a purse containing sovereigns and shillings, after -spending half of its contents, I found as many pounds left as I had -shillings at first, I started with £13, 6s. - - -105. When the lady replied to a question as to her age-- - - If first my age is multiplied by three, - And then of that two-sevenths tripled be, - The square root of two-ninths of this is four; - Now tell my age, or never see me more-- - -she was 28 years old. - - -106. If cars run, at uniform speed, from Shepherd’s Bush to the Bank, at -intervals of two minutes, and I am travelling at the same rate in the -opposite direction, I shall meet 30 in half-an-hour, for there are -already 15 on the track approaching me, and 15 are started from the -other end during my half hour’s course. - - -107. If it was possible to carry out my offer of a farthing for every -different group of apples which my greengrocer could select from a -basket of 100 apples, he would be entitled to the stupendous sum of -£18,031,572,350 19s. 2d. - - -108. If the minute-hand of a clock moves round between 3 and 4 in the -opposite direction to the hour-hand, the hands will be exactly together -when it is really 41⁷⁄₁₃ minutes past 3. - - -109. If the walnut monkey had stopped to help the other, and they had -eaten filberts at equal rates, they would have escaped in 2¹⁄₄ minutes. - - -110. The value of the cheque, for which the cashier paid by mistake -pounds for shillings, was £5, 11s. 6d. The receiver to whom £11, 5s. 6d. -was handed, spent half-a-crown, and then found that he had left £11, -3s., just twice the amount of the original cheque. - - -111. The number 14 can be made up by adding together five uneven figures -thus:--11 + 1 + 1 + 1. It will be seen that although only four _numbers_ -are used, 11 is made up of _two figures_. - -Here is another, and quite a curious solution, 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4, and -with another 1 we can make up 14! - - -112. A business manager can fill up three vacant posts of varying value -from seven applicants in 210 different ways. For the first post there -would be a choice among 7, for the second among 6, and for the third -among 5, so that the possible variations would amount to 7 × 6 × 5 = -210. - - -113. If the fasting man, who began his task at noon, said it is now ⁵⁄₁₁ -of the time to midnight, he spoke at 3.45 p.m., meaning that ⁵⁄₁₁ of the -remaining time till midnight had elapsed since noon. - - -114. If a clock takes six seconds to strike 6, it will take 12 seconds -to strike 11, for there must be ten intervals of 1¹⁄₁₅ seconds each. - - -115. Twenty horses can be arranged in three stalls, so that there is an -odd number in each, by placing one in the first stall, three in the -second, and sixteen (an odd number to put into any stall!) in the third. - - -116. The little problem, “Given _a_, _b_, _c_, to find _q_,” is solved, -without recourse to algebra, thus: _a_, _b_, _c_, = _c_, _a_, _b_; take -a cab and go over Kew Bridge, and you find a phonetic _Q_! - - -117. Tom Evergreen was 75 years old when he was asked his age by some -men at his club in 1875, and said--“The number of months that I have -lived are exactly half as many as the number which denotes the year in -which I was born.” - - -118. Eight different circles can be drawn. A circle can have one of the -three inside and two outside in three ways, or one outside and three -inside in three ways (each of the three being inside or outside in -turn), or all three may be inside, or all three may be outside, the -touching circle. - - -119. The way to arrange 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, so that used once -each they form a sum which is equal to 1 is this:-- - - 35 148 - -- + --- = 1. - 70 296 - - -120. The sum of the first fifty numbers may be found without any -addition thus:--The first fifty numbers form twenty-five pairs of -fifty-one each (1 + 50, 2 + 49, etc., etc.), and 51 × 25 is practically -51 × 100 ÷ 4 = 1275. - - -121. The tramcar _A_, which started at the same time as _B_, but ran -into a “lie by” in four minutes, and waited there five minutes till _B_ -came along, when they completed their courses at the same moment in -opposite directions, could have run the whole distance in ten minutes. - - -122. What remains will be 8 if we take 10 and double it by writing one -10 over another so as to form 18, and then deduct 10. - - -123. If the average weight of the Oxford crew is increased by 2℔s., when -one of them who weighs 12 stone, is replaced by a fresh man, the weight -of that substitute is 13 stone 2℔s. - - -124. If a motor-car is twice as old as its tyres were when it was old as -its tyres are, and if, when these tyres are as old as the car itself is -now, their united ages will be 2¹⁄₄ years, the car is now 12 months old, -and the tyres have had 9 months’ wear. - - -125. _A_ and _B_, who could each carry provisions for himself for twelve -days, started to penetrate as far as possible into a desert, on the -understanding that neither of them should miss a day’s food. After an -advance of four days, each had provisions still for eight days. One gave -four portions of his store to his companion, which did not overload him, -and returned with the other four. His comrade was then able to advance -another four days’ journey, and still have rations for the eight days’ -return. Thus the furthest possible penetration into the desert under the -conditions was an eight days’ march. - - -126. If, when a bottle of medicine and its cork cost half-a-crown, the -bottle and the medicine cost two and a penny more than the cork, the -cork cost twopence half-penny. - - -127. A boat’s crew far from land, with no sail or oars, and with no -assistance from wind or stream, or outside help of any kind, can regain -the shore by means of a coil of rope. Motion is given to the boat by -tying one end of the rope to the after thwart, and giving the other end -a series of violent jerks in a direction parallel to the keel. This -curious illustration of mechanical principles is from “Ball’s Mechanical -Recreations.” (_Macmillan._) - - -128. It will be found that after a crown and as many four-shilling -pieces as possible have been crammed into our pockets, there would still -be room for one sixpence and one threepenny-piece in some corner or -cranny. We can, therefore, have one crown, one sixpence, one -threepenny-piece, and as many four-shilling pieces as our pockets will -hold, and yet be unable to give change for a half-sovereign. - - -129. There were fifteen apples in the basket. Half of these and half an -apple, _i.e._, eight were first given, then half the remainder and half -an apple, _i.e._, four, then on similar lines two, leaving one in the -basket. - - -130. The Queer Division-- - - A third of twelve divide - By just a fifth of seven; - And you will soon decide - That this must give eleven-- - -is solved by LV ÷ V, or 55 ÷ 5 = 11. - - -131. A motor that goes 9 miles an hour uphill, 18 miles an hour -downhill, and 12 miles an hour on the level, will take 8 hours and 20 -minutes to run 50 miles out and return at once over the same course. - - -132. The number of shots fired at a mark was 420 each by _A_, _B_, and -_C_. _A_ made 280 hits, _B_ 315, and _C_ 336. - - -133. If a dog and a cat, evenly matched in speed, run a race out and -back over a course of 75 yards in all, and the dog always takes 5 feet -at a bound, and the cat 3 feet, the cat will win, because at the turning -point the dog overleaps the half distance more than the cat does, and so -has a longer run in. - - -134. When a man caught up a wagon going at 3 miles an hour, which was -just visible to him in a fog at a distance of 55 yards, and which he saw -for five minutes before reaching it, he was walking at the rate of 3³⁄₈ -miles an hour. - - -135. Three horses, _A B C_, can be placed after a race in thirteen -different ways, thus:--_A B C_, _A C B_, _B A C_, _B C A_, _C A B_, _C B -A_, or _A B C_ as a dead heat; or _A B_, _A C_, or _B C_ equal for the -first place; or _A_ first with _B C_ equal seconds; or _B_ first with _A -C_ equal seconds; or _C_ first with _A B_ equal seconds. - - -136. The 34 points scored against Oxbridge by the New Zealanders can be -made up in two ways, either by 8 tries and 2 converted tries, or by 3 -tries and 5 converted tries. - -The highest possible score on these lines is 10 tries converted, -equalling 50 points, and as the New Zealanders’ score, if all tries are -converted, becomes four-fifths of this, their actual score was 3 tries -and 5 converted into goals. - - -137. The smallest number, of which the alternate figures are cyphers, -which is divisible by 9 and by 11 is 909090909090909090909! - - -138. Our problem in which it is stated that _A_ with 8d. met _B_ and _C_ -with five and three loaves, and asked how the cash should be divided -between _B_ and _C_, if all agreed to share the loaves. Now each eats -two loaves and two-thirds of a loaf, and _B_ gives seven-thirds of a -loaf to _A_, while _C_ gives him one-third of a loaf. So _B_ receives -7d. and _C_ 1d. - - -139. When, on opening four money-boxes containing pennies only, it was -found that those in the first with half of all the rest, those in the -second with a third of the others, those in the third with a fourth, and -those in the fourth with a fifth of all the rest, amounted in each case -to 740, the four boxes held £6. 1s. 8d., and the numbers of pennies were -20, 380, 500, and 560. - - -140. If two steamers, _A_ and _B_, start together for a trip to a -distant buoy and back, and _A_ steams all the time at ten knots an hour, -while _B_ goes outward at eight knots and returns at twelve knots an -hour, _B_ will regain port later than _A_, because its loss on the -outward course will not have been recovered on the run home. - - -141. If in London a new head to a golf club costs four times as much as -a new leather face, while at St Andrews it costs five times as much, and -if the leather face costs twice as much in London as in St Andrews, and -if, including a shilling paid for a ball, the charges in London were -twice as much as they would have been at St Andrews, the London cost of -a new head is four shillings, and of a leather face a shilling. - - -142. When two children were asked to give the total number of sheep and -cattle in a pasture, from the number of each sort, and one by -subtraction answered 10, while the other arrived at 11,900 by -multiplication, the true numbers were 170 sheep, 70 cattle, 240 in all. - - -143. If a man picks up one by one fifty-two stones, placed at such -intervals on a straight road that the second is a yard from the first, -the third 3 yards from the second, and so on with intervals increasing -each time by 2 yards, and bring them all to a basket placed at the first -stone, he has to travel about 52 miles, or, to be quite exact, 51 miles, -1292 yards. - - -144. When, in the House of Commons, if the Ayes had been increased by 50 -from the Noes, the motion would have been carried by 5 to 3; and if the -Noes had taken 60 votes from the Ayes it would have been lost by 4 to 3, -the motion succeeded; 300 voted “Aye,” and 260 “No.” - - -145. There are 143 positions on the face of a watch in which the places -of the hour and minute-hands can be interchanged, and still indicate a -possible time. There would be 144 such positions but for the fact that -at twelve o’clock the hands occupy the same place. - - -146. If in a cricket match the scores in each successive innings are a -quarter less than in the preceding innings, and the side which goes in -first wins by 50 runs, the complete scores of the winners are 128 and -72, and of the losers 96 and 54. - - -147. When a ball is thrown vertically upwards, and caught five seconds -later, it has risen 100 feet. It takes the same time to rise as to fall, -and when a body falls from rest, it travels a number of feet represented -by sixteen times the square of the time in seconds. - -Hence comes the rule that the height in feet of a vertical throw is -found by squaring the time in seconds of its flight, and multiplying by -four. - - -148. The carpet which, had it been 5 feet broader and 4 feet longer, -would have contained 116 more feet, and if 4 feet broader and 5 longer -113 more, was 12 feet long and 9 feet broad. - - -149. When, in estimating the cost of a hundred similar articles, -shillings were read as pounds, and pence as shillings, and the estimated -cost was in consequence £212, 18s. 4d. in excess of the real cost, the -true cost of each article was 2s. 5d. - - -150. If the square of the number of my house is equal to the difference -of the squares of the numbers of my next door neighbours’ houses, and if -my brother in the next street can say the same of his house, though its -number is not the same as that of mine, our houses are numbered 8 and 4. -In my street the even numbers are all on one side, in my brother’s -street they, run odd and even consecutively, and so 8² = 10² - 6², and -4² = 5² - 3². - - -151. When two men of unequal strength have to move a block which weighs -270 ℔s., on a light plank 6 feet long, if the stronger man can carry 180 -℔s., the block must be placed 2 feet from him, so that he may have that -share of the load. - - -152. If a man who had twenty coins, some shillings, and the rest -half-crowns, were to change the half-crowns for sixpences, and the -shillings for pence, and then found that he had 156 coins, he must have -had eight shillings at first. - - -153. If, when coins are placed on a table at equal distances apart, so -as to form sides of an equilateral triangle, and when as many are taken -from the middle of each side as equal the square root of the number on -that side, and placed on the opposite corner, the number on each side is -then to the original number as five is to four, there are forty-five -coins in all. - - -154. When the gardener found that he would have 150 too few if he set -his posts a foot apart, and seventy to spare if he set them at every -yard, he had 180 posts. - - -155. In order to buy with £100 a hundred animals, cows at £5, sheep at -£1, and geese at 1s. each, the purchaser must secure nineteen cows, one -sheep, and eighty geese. - - -156. If John, who is 21, is twice as old as Mary was when he was as old -as Mary is, Mary’s age now is 15³⁄₄ years. - - -157. If in a cricket match _A_ makes 35 runs, and _C_ and _D_ make -respectively half and a third of _B_’s score, and if _B_ scores as many -less than _A_ as _C_ scores more than _D_, _B_ made 30, _C_ 15, and _D_ -10 runs. - - -158. The least number which, divided by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, -leaves remainders 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, is 2519, their least common -multiple less 1. - - -159. A square table standing on four legs, which are set at the middle -points of its sides, can at most uphold its own weight upon one of its -corners. - - -160. The division of ninety-nine pennies, so that share 1 exceeds share -2 by 3, is less than share 3 by 10, exceeds share 4 by 9, and is less -than share 5 by 16, is 17, 14, 27, 8, and 33. - - -161. If Indians carried off a third of a flock and a third of a sheep, -and others took a fourth of the remainder and a fourth of a sheep, and -others a fifth of the rest and three-fifths of a sheep, and there were -then 409 left, the full flock was 1025 sheep. - - -162. When a cistern which held fifty-three gallons was filled by three -boys, _A_ bringing a pint every three minutes, _B_ a quart every five -minutes, and _C_ a gallon every seven minutes, it took 230 minutes to -fill it, and _B_ poured in the final quart, _A_ and _C_ _coming up one -minute too late_ to contribute at the last. - - -163. A man who said, late in the last century, that his age then was the -square root of the year in which he was born, was speaking in the year -1892. - - -164. If when a dealer in curios sold a vase for £119, his profit per -cent., and the cost price of the vase, were expressed by the same -number, it had cost him £70. - - -165. The chance of throwing at least one ace in a single throw with a -pair of dice is ¹¹⁄₃₆, for there are five ways in which each dice can be -thrown so as not to give an ace, so that twenty-five possible throws -exclude aces. Hence the chance of _not_ throwing an ace is ²⁵⁄₃₆, which -leaves ¹¹⁄₃₆ in favour of it. - - -166. The policeman who ran after a thief starting four minutes later, -and running one-third faster, if they both ran straight along the road, -caught him in twelve minutes. - - -167. At a bazaar stall, where twenty-seven articles are exposed for -sale, a purchaser may buy one thing or more, and the number of choices -open to him is one less than the continued product of twenty-seven twos, -or 134217727. - - -VERY PERSONAL - -168. When Nellie’s father said:-- - - I was twice as old as you are - The day that you were born. - You will be just what I was then - When fourteen years are gone-- - -he was 42, and she was 14. - - -WORD AND LETTER PUZZLES - - -1. The word square is completed thus:-- - - MEAD - EDGE - AGUE - DEED - - -2. The word square filled in is:-- - - CIRCLE - INURES - RUDEST - CREASE - LESSEE - ESTEEM - -_Notice the curious diagonal of E’s._ - - -3. In the incomplete sentence, - - SO****AG****LATI****X****ITH - -the duplicate letters are filled in thus:-- - - SOME MEAGRE RELATIVE VEXED EDITH - -The two last letters of each word are repeated as the two first of the -word that follows. - - -4. The word square is completed thus:-- - - WASTE - ACTOR - STONE - TONIC - ERECT - - -5. By twice building up two Ds into a B we make BULBOUS. - - -6. The question put on paper to the love-lorn youth, “Loruve?” is, when -interpreted, “Are you in love?” and the advice given to him on another -slip, “Prove - - L - A F - D - -and ensure success,” reads into, “Prove a fond lover, and ensure -success” (a f _on_ d l _over_). - - -7. DOUBLE ACROSTIC ST. JAMES’ GAZETTE - - S . . . prin . . . G - T . . . ar . . . A - J . . . abe . . . Z - A . . . t . . . E - M . . . omen . . . T - E . . . mme . . . T - S . . . trik . . . E - - -8. The completed word square is-- - - AMENDS - MINION - ENABLE - NIBBLE - DOLLAR - SNEERS - - -9. The oracular response to a young Frenchman at a _fête_, who inquired -how he could best please the ladies-- - - MEC DO BIC - -conceals this sage advice-- - - Aimez, cédez, obéissez! - Love, yield, obey! - - -10. The solution to our Letter Fraction Problem is of a verbal -character. The original statement -15844 - - m - -- - ot = mo - -- - y - -is dealt with thus:-- - -m _on_ ot _on_ y = mo _not on_ y, and so the word monotony solves the -equation. - - -11. The buried beasts are _chamois_, _buffalo_, _heifer_, and _leopard_; -and when the Oxford athlete cries-- - - “Though I jump and row and run, - Cap or cup I never won” - -he introduces us to a _porcupine_. - - -12. The lines-- - - Fourteen letters here we fix, - Vowels only two are spoken; - All together these we mix - Into what can not be broken-- - -is solved by _indivisibility_, which has many an _i_, like a peacock’s -tail. - - -13. The English word of thirteen letters in which the same vowel occurs -four times, the same consonant six times, another twice, and another -once, is _Senselessness_. - - -14. The condensed proverb “WE IS DO” reads at its full length as “Well -begun is half done.” - - -15. This is the completed word square:-- - - WASHES - ARTERY - STORMS - HERMIT - ERMINE - SYSTEM - - -16. Dr Whewell’s puzzle lines-- - - O O N O O. - ---------- - U O A O O I O U, - O N O O O O M E T O O. - U O A O I D O S O - I O N O O I O U T O O! - -read thus:-- - - OH SIGH FOR NO CIPHER - - You sigh for a cipher, O, I sigh for you, - Sigh for no cipher, O sigh for me too. - You sigh for a cipher, I decipher so, - I sigh for no cipher, I sigh for you too! - - -17. This is the completed diamond:-- - - P - POR - CORES - FORCEPS - PORCELAIN - REFLECT - SPACE - SIT - N - - -18. The medley-- - - Tan HE Edsa VEN in - It N Gja SmeTs AsgN - aD Az Rett De - -is read by taking first the capitals in their order, and then the small -type. It comes put out as “The Evening Standard and Saint James’s -Gazette.” - - -19. The statement, I can travel first-class on the G.E.R. from -2222222244444500, reads into--from 22 to 2 to 22 to 4 for 44 4d; or, in -plain terms, from 1.38 to 3.38 for 14s. 8d. This works out at about 3d. -a mile, the usual allowance for first-class, for two hours, at about 29 -miles an hour. - - -20. A CURIOUS OLD INSCRIPTION - -Read the inscription backwards, and it resolves itself into the lines -familiar to us in our childhood:-- - - Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross - To see a fine lady ride on a grey horse. - Rings on her fingers and bells on her toes, - She shall have music wherever she goes! - - -21. The reason why the invitation to Jack to sample the Irish stew at -Simpson’s was to be kept in mind by the catch words-- - - Join me at and - i - s, - -is because if you join _me_ and _at_, and note that _and_ is _on i_, -which is _on s_, you arrive at the suggestive sentence--_meat and -onions_. - - -22. The labourer’s quaint letter, which ran “Cepatomtogoatatrin,” was, -in plainer English, “Kept at home to go a tatering.” - - -23. Our double acrostic comes out thus:-- - - PROBLEM--PUZZLES - - P ........a....... P - (T) R ................ U (E) - O ................ Z - B ........o....... Z - L .......eve...... L - E ........v....... E - M ................ S - - -24. The Hidden Proverb is-- - - “Necessity is the mother of invention.” - - -25. The “deed done” in our Will puzzle is the making in Roman numerals -of “Codicil.” The lawyer was to set down, a hundred, to add nothing, to -set down five hundred, then one, then another hundred, and then one -more, and, finally, fifty, and accordingly he wrote upon the parchment -the one word CODICIL. - - -26. The word square is-- - - EDITOR - DESIRE - ISLAND - TIARAS - ORNATE - REDSEA - - -27. The notes of music A. G. A. E. A. over the grave of a French -musician, who was choked by a fish bone, are in the French notation, “La -sol la mi la,” which reads into “La sole l’a mis 1à.” - -Similarly the inscription over the porch of Gustave Doré’s house C. E. -B. A. C. D. is equivalent to “Do, mi, si, la, do, re,” which may be -taken to represent “Domicile à Doré.” - - -28. When his best girl said to Jack Spooner, “We can go to-morrow at -222222222222 LEY STREET,” he understood her to mean, “We can go -to-morrow, at two minutes to two, to two twenty-two, to 222 Tooley -Street.” - - -29 - - C - ---------- spells _contents_ (c on ten ts!). - TTTTTTTTTT - - -30. We can treat the word _disused_ so as to affirm or to disallow the -use of its initial or final d, for we can write it _d is used_, or -_disuse d_! - - -31. The title of the book shaken up into - - EIOOOU - BCNNRRSS - -is “Robinson Crusoe.” - - -32. If the letter M only is inserted in the proper places in the line-- - - A DEN I I CAN DOCK - -it will read: _Madmen mimic and mock_. - - -33. The quotation from Shakespeare-- - - OXXU8 MAAULGIHCTE - NOR - -is by interpretation:--“Nothing extenuate, nor set down aught in -malice.” - - -34. The phonetic nightmare-- - - Ieukngheaurrhphthewempeighghteaps-- - -is merely the word _unfortunates_. It can be justified thus by English -spelling of similar sound taken letter by letter:-- - -u--iew in view; n--kn in know; f--gh in tough; o--eau in beau; r--rrh in -myrrh; t--phth in phthisis; u--ewe; n--mp in comptroller; a--eigh in -neigh; t--ght in light; e--ea in tea; and s--ps in psalm. - - -35. The word square is completed thus:-- - - FARM - AREA - RENT - MATE - - -36. A QUAINT INSCRIPTION - - The millers leave the mill, - The wherrymen lower their sail; - The maltsters leave the kiln, - For a drop of the White Swan’s ale. - - -37. A POET’S PI - - TONDEBNIOTOCHUMFOARYHUR - OTDIRECTTHAWHOTERSOFKLSYA; - TIKATESTUBALIGHTSTILLETRUFLYR - OTBOWLALLNFESLEAVARFWYAA - -is disentangled thus:-- - - Don’t be in too much of a hurry - To credit what other folks say; - It takes but a slight little flurry - To blow fallen leaves far away. - - -38. BURIED PLACES - -The five buried places are Deal, London, Esk, Perth, and Baden. The word -is Ourangoutang. - - -39. It is no offence to conspire in the evening, because what is -treasonable is _reasonable after t_! - - -40. The bit of botany-- - - Inscribe an _m_ above a line, - And write an _e_ below, - This woodland flower is hung so fine - It bends when zephyrs blow-- - -is solved by, - - m - -, - e - -_an em on e_, the delicately hung wind-flower. - - -41. A PIED PROVERB - -The pied proverb, is “A rolling stone gathers no moss.” - - -42. The Drop Letter Proverb-- - -E..t. .e.s..s .a.e .h. .o.. ..i.e, is--_Empty vessels make the most -noise_. - - -43. The English word of five syllables, which has eight letters, five of -them vowels--namely an a, an e, twice i, and y--is _Ideality_. - - -44. TORMENT may be turned into RAPTURE, using four links, changing only -one letter each time, and varying the order of the letters, thus: -TORMENT, _portent_, _protest_, _pratest_, _praters_, RAPTURE. - - -45. The pied sentence-- - - a a c e e e f f h h i i i i i m n n o o o p r r s s t t t t t - -can be cast into the proverb-- - -“Procrastination is the thief of time.” - - -46. The English sentence, when the letter _o_ is added, reads:-- - - “Good old port for orthodox Oxford dons.” - - -47 - - One vowel in an English word is found, - Which by eight consonants is hedged around-- - -is solved by _Strengths_. - - -48. The letters AAAAABBNNIIRSSTT form the word _Antisabbatarians_. - - -49. The quotation from Shakespeare, - - KINI - -stands for “A little more than kin, and less than kind.” - - -50. The two English words which have the first six letters of the -alphabet among their ten letters are _fabricated_ and _bifurcated_. - - -51. SHIFTING NUMBERS - -The letter _A_ stands at the head of the letters of the alphabet. For -_bed_ 3 of these are used; for _goal_, 4; for _prison_, 6; for _six_, 3; -for _three_, 5. The letter _A_ is not used in the spelling of the name -of any number from 1 to 100, but it makes up, with the other vowels, the -number 6. - - -52. The prodigal’s letter to his father, “Dear Dad, keep 1000050,” in -reply to a suggestion for safeguarding some of his prospects, was -written in playful impudence; and its interpretation is, “Dear Dad, keep -cool!” for the figures in Roman numerals are COOL. - - -53. BURIED POETS - -The poets’ names buried in the lines-- - - The sun is darting rays of gold - Upon the moor, enchanting spot; - Whose purpled heights, by Ronald loved, - Up open to his Shepherd cot. - - And sundry denizens of air - Are flying, aye, each to his nest; - And eager make at such an hour - All haste to reach the mansions blest. - -are Gray, Moore, Byron, Pope, Dryden, Gay, Keats, and Hemans. - - -54. When _A. B._ gave up the reins of government, and _C.B._ took office -in his place, the two verbs, similar in all respects, except that the -one is longer by one letter than the other, which expressed the change, -were _resigns_--_reigns_. - - -55 - - Underdone mutton and onion make between you and me, - A glutton a little seedy after a capital tea. - - -56 - - First a _c_ and _a t_, last _a c_ and a _t_, - With a couple of letters between, - Form a sight that our eyes are delighted to see, - Unless in their sight it is seen-- - -is solved by _Cataract_. The first line reads, First a _c_ and _a t_, -last _a c_ and a _t_, that is _cat_ and _act_. - - -57. Cuba. - - -58. The Rebus T S is solved by the words _tones_ and _tans_, _t_ before -_one s_, or _t_ before _an s_. - - -59. The phonetic phrase-- - - INXINXIN-- - -is, _Ink sinks in_! - - - A GOOD END - - -60. Finis (F IN IS). - - - - -=PART III.= - - -CONTENTS - - PAGE - - WORD PUZZLES, MISSING WORDS, LETTER PUZZLES III-1 - - ANAGRAMS, PICTURE PUZZLES III-48 - - PALINDROMES III-108 - - SOLUTIONS III-111 - - -WORD PUZZLES - - -No. I--AN EARLY CRYPTOGRAM - -The use of some sort of grille was not uncommon in olden days among the -many methods then employed for secret correspondence. Here is an early -and interesting specimen:-- - -[Illustration: VENITE PAUPERES] - -An important despatch would appear to be a mere confusion of letters, -until it fell into the right hands, and this perforated key was laid -over it, when the intended instructions were at once revealed, and read -in the openings of the tracery. - - -No. II.--A MANIFOLD MONOGRAM - -Here, by seven straight lines and one circle, a manifold monogram is -formed. - -[Illustration] - -Within its borders we find a circle, a square, a parallelogram, a -triangle, the vowels a, e, i, o, u; the consonants, C, D, H, K, L, M, T, -W; and other forms and figures. - - -MISSING WORDS - - -1. PICKING AND STEALING - - What tempting ...... beguiled the boy to sample - Fruit that hung ...... on the parson’s trees? - ...... upon ...... shall make him an example - When the stern ...... has brought him to his knees. - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. III.--A BOOK AND ITS AUTHOR - -What well-known book and its author may be represented thus:-- - -[Illustration] - - -2. A SWARM OF MISSING WORDS - -No less than eight different words, spelt with the same six letters, are -available to fill the gaps in the following lines:-- - - Man of the dark room, ...... none I find - Upon these ...... of likeness to my features. - ...... then nought, O man of evil mind, - Who ...... thus to libel fellow-creatures? - - Evil thus done ...... upon the doer, - The ...... in thy conduct, Sir, are many; - ...... thy life, and let thy crimes be fewer, - Or all thy ...... of good won’t fetch a penny! - - -No. IV.--ON THE SHUTTERS - -Upon the shutters of a barber’s shop the following legend was painted in -bold letters:-- - - NO. I - JOHN MARSHALL - IN ATTENDANCE - FROM 8 A.M. DAILY - BARBER AND - HAIR CUTTER - THE BALD CRY ALOUD - FOR HIS CREAMS - AS DISPLAYED IN THIS WINDOW - WHICH MAKE HAIR GLISTEN - CLOSES AFTER 8 P.M. - -One evening about 8.30, when it was blowing great guns, quite a crowd -gathered round the window, and seemed to be enjoying some excellent -joke. What was amusing them when one shutter blew open? - - -3. NO HEART! - - False Kate! ... .... . ......’s nest, - .. ..... the Upas tree, - I will not budge, ... .... to rest, - .. .... . coward be. - - No, not .... ... enough their sting - To drive me back to thee; - None swifter meet thy beckoning - .... ... the hills I flee. - - ... .... frosts less my love would quell. - Rather than seek thy side, - Of ... .... horse I love so well - I’ll ... .... hoofs and hide! - -The number of letters in each word of the missing phrases is indicated -by dots, and the seven letters in each case are those that spell also -“no heart,” which we give as a title and clue. - - -No. V.--A PHONETIC MAXIMUM - -How far phonetic spelling may be pushed, is illustrated by the following -swarm of variations given in a book published at Enfield in 1829:-- - - Scissars -- ers -- irs -- ors -- urs -- yrs - Scisars -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ - Sciszars -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ - Scizars -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ - Scizscars -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ - Scizzars -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ -- „ - -Or the word may start with Sis, Siss, Siz, Sys, Syss, Syzz, Syzs, Syz, -Cis, Ciss, Ciz, Cisz, Cysz, Cyz, Cyzz. By substituting “z” for the final -“s” we may double the number, and reach a total of 1224. - - -4. UNNATURAL HISTORY - - ’Neath ...... Indian seas fierce battles spread - ’Twixt ...... hermit-crabs and other shellfish! - With horrid ...... when their foes are dead, - These crabs declare their shells ......, so selfish! - -Each missing word has the same six letters. - - -No. VI.--SOLVITUR AMBULANDO - -On this chequered floor, paved with slabs each a foot square, the -palindrome word ROTATOR can be traced in various ways. - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -If a man walks over it, taking one slab at every step, and never -lengthening his strides, how many steps will he take in tracing every -possible variation of the word, and how many such variations are there? - - -No. VII.--A CURIOUS CHRONOGRAPH - -A bachelor clergyman, whose initials were I.E.V., had built a fernery -with the profits of his tracts on the deceased wife’s sister question. -He dated it on a mural tablet thus:-- - - | | - -+------------------------------------+- - |My LateVVIfe’ssIsterbVILtthIs VVaLL;| - | bVt I In trVth | - | neVer VVeD any VVIfe at aLL, | - | nor VVont forsooth, | - | saIth I. e. V. | - -+------------------------------------+- - | | - -If the Roman numerals are extracted from this inscription, and added -together, they amount to 1884, the desired date. - - -5 - - Though ------ secure and ------ in his cage, - Our Polly, when ------, will fly into a rage. - -Each missing word has the same six letters. - - -6 - - All courtly honours are but light - As grains that from a ------ fly; - And he who wears the ------ bright - May haply in a ------ die. - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -7 - - I’d rather from a ------ eat, - I give my sacred word, - Than dine in slums where ------ meet, - And ------ pedlars herd. - -Each missing word has the same six letters. - - -No. VIII.--AN OLD SAMPLER - -In the drawer of a cabinet that had belonged to my grandmother I came -upon an old sampler, beautifully worked in scarlet cross-stitch. Its -very curious legend runs as follows:-- - - | | - -+-----------------------------+- - | AL. IT. | - |T.L EW. O. MA! | - |N.T. Ho! UGH. AVE. Ryli. | - |T.T. Let. Hi! N.G.I. | - |S.S. We. Et. Erf. Art. Ha!| - |N.S. Ug. Ara. N.D.F. Lo! | - |W.E. R.S.T. Ha! TB. | - |L.O. O! Mins. Pri. | - | N. G. | - -+-----------------------------+- - | | - - -8 - - A much married ....... of Cadiz - Once ....... some riotous ladies. - To ....... him they chucked - A ......., but he ducked, - Which ....... these rude ladies of Cadiz. - -The five missing words are spelt with the same seven letters. - - -9. THE LASS AND HER LOVER - - A lass and her lover were ------ by the sky - Not to ------ too far where no shelter was nigh. - She lingered behind, and ----- -- old church, - St. ------ by name, and was left in the lurch. - She tried a short cut through a park on the grass, - But sternly the ------- forbade her to pass; - Then helplessly stood the disconsolate maid, - When the lad she was soon to --- --- to her aid. - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. IX.--THE LANDLORD’S PUZZLE - -The following curious Missing Words Puzzle is to be seen on a card which -hangs in the bar of an inn in the Isle of Man:-- - - I had both-- |by both I set great store |and a-- - I lent my-- |and took his word therefor;|to my-- - I asked my-- |and nought but words I got.|from my-- - I lost my-- |for sue him I would not. |and my-- - - At length with--|which pleased me very well,|came my-- - I had my-- |away quite from me fell: |but my-- - If I’d both-- |as I have had before, |and a-- - I’d keep my-- |and play the fool no more. |and my-- - -It is to be read thus:-- - - I had both _money_ and a _friend_, by both I set great store, - I lent my _money_ to my _friend_, and took his word therefor, - -_and so on to the end_. - - -10 - - When ------- smiles, and sunbeams play - On flowers that ------- and deck the green, - ------- can match the scene so gay - ------ they crown the May-day queen? - -The missing words are spelt with the same seven letters. - - -11 - - ’Tis said of William, while his forces rested - On Albion’s ------, when Harold had been bested, - He made the ------ of his ------ fuse - Saxon spear-heads, to fashion into shoes. - -Each missing word has the same six letters. - - -No. X.--DECAPITATED WORDS - -The decapitated words are in italics:-- - - The ship rode in an _eastern_ bay, - Asleep _astern_ the master lay, - A _stern_ and rugged man was he, - And, like a _tern_, at home at sea. - Like swooping _ern_ he caught his prey - Whene’er an _R.N._ came his way; - But while due _N._ the needle kept - He in his cabin lay and slept. - -The ern, or erne, is the sea-eagle. - - -12 - - Happiness, brighter than ------, is dead; - Life’s battle, sterner and ------ now, - Heals the sore ------ that love left as it fled, - ------ remembrance of long broken vow! - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -13. AN AUTHOR’S EPIGRAM - - Press critics fall on me like sharks; - “A shameless ....... of odds and ends, - No ....... original,” and more remarks - In adverse mood. But stay, my friends, - He ....... best who hath his record clean; - My faults are published, yours are yet unseen! - -The missing words have the same seven letters. - - -14 - - ...... are his ......, fashion-forms of grace - In ...... deftly hinted. - ...... soft as ......, crowned by Beauty’s face, - In ...... hues are tinted. - -The six missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. XI.--AN ANCIENT ANAGRAM - -On the front of a church, in the Largo Remedios, at Braga, in Portugal, -there is an inscription which, with its letter-perfect Anagram, runs as -follows:-- - - | | - -+----------------------------+- - | BEATUS IOANNES MARCUS | - | CHRISTI DOMINI DISCIPULUS | - | ---- | - | ANAGRAM | - | -------------- | - |IS IN MUNDO PIUS EST MEDICUS| - | TUIS INCOLIS, BRACHARA | - | -----*----- | - -+----------------------------+- - | | - -which may be rendered--“Blessed John Mark, disciple of Christ the Lord.” -_He in this world is the holy healer of thy people Braga!_ - - -15 - - When Kate --- -------- ----- -------- displayed - ----- ----- --- hide a tear; - “All love is dead --- --------,” he said. - “------- I’ll ----- --------!” - -The missing word and groups of words are spelt with the same seven -letters. - - -16 - - Some grinding at the ------ must toil, - Down-trodden ------ of to-day; - While other children of the soil - In vast ------ their wealth display. - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. XII.--STRIKE A BALANCE - -This diagram shows that the odd numbers of the 9 digits add up to 25, -and the even numbers to 20. - - +----------------------+ - /| |\ - +-+----------------------+-+ - | | 1 | | - | | 3 2 | | - | | 5 4 | | - | | 7 6 | | - | | 9 8 | | - | | -- -- | | - | | 25 20 | | - | | ======== | | - +-+----------------------+-+ - \| |/ - +----------------------+ - -Can you arrange the 9 digits in two groups in which the odd numbers and -the even will add up to exactly the same sum? - - -17 - - Betrayed by faithless friends, in ------ mood - Man ------ his fellows as the ------ brood. - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -18. HONEST INDIAN - - With divers ---- his ---- is scarred, - He hangs a bangle in his nose; - Such marks secure his ---- regard, - Exalt his fame, and ---- his foes. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same four letters. - - -No. XIII.--HKISTA! - - MRS LR’S SR - MR LR KRS. - “BLR MR LR!” - MRS LR HRS. - -How do you read these lines and their title? - - -19. ON THE OCEAN WAVE - - ------- who, as we ------- roll, - ------- for me the foaming bowl, - And ------- off unfriendly spray - With oilskin cape, thou shalt not say - “In vain I’ve ------- my favours here.” - I’ll think of thee when port is near! - -The four missing words are spelt with the same seven letters. - - -20. THE ZENANA MISSION - - With high ------ for hearts and hands, - These ------ ------ for distant lands. - -The three missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -21 - - The ------- of his speech did not - ------- his audience a jot. - They greeted all he said thereafter - With -------, smiles, and open laughter. - -The missing words have the same seven letters. - - -22 - - To convent shrine at break of day - With ----- together nuns repair; - Mid gleaming ----- they kneel and pray, - And chanted ----- allays each care. - -Spelt with the same five letters. - - -No. XIV.--IN MEMORIAM - -The following puzzle-epitaph was engraved on a tombstone in Durham -Cathedral:-- - - | | - -+-------------------------+- - |WEON . CEW . ERET . WO| - |WET . WOM . ADEO . NE| - |NON . EFIN . DUST . WO| - |NO . WLI . FEB . EGO . NE| - | WILLIAM and MARGARET | - | TAYLOR | - | Anno Domini 1665. | - -+-------------------------+- - | | - - -23 - - Here once, as a hag is bedizened with paint, - A ----- ----- ----’- in the garb of a saint. - -The three missing words are spelt with the same five letters. - - -24. IN PRAISE OF SUSSEX - - Sussex! No ----- of a bygone age - Ride through thy ----- to-day with shield and -----, - And ----- no horseflesh so they may engage - To save some damozel from harm or fear. - - Who now would give a thought to ----- or peaches? - He truly farms who ----- a golden store; - And, though he cannot ----- the simplest speeches, - ----- down expense, and savings has galore! - -Each missing word is spelt with the same five letters. - - -No. XV.--A FRENCH WORD SQUARE - -Here is an excellent French Word Square of seven letters:-- - - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |R|E|N|E|G|A|T| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |E|T|A|L|A|G|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |N|A|V|I|R|E|S| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |E|L|I|D|A|N|T| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |G|A|R|A|N|C|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |A|G|E|N|C|E|R| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |T|E|S|T|E|R|A| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - -This is a worthy companion to the English seven-letter squares on -“Problem” and “Palated,” which are given on other pages. - - -25 - - ----- in the ----- far away, - Remote alike from heaven and hell, - The silent -----, so poets say, - Who shape the ends of mortals dwell. - -Each missing word has the same five letters. - - -26 - - In all our ------ the mechanician’s skill - Now compasses the rogue with artful wile. - The patent ------ and the “tell tale” till - Beset his way who ------ the path of guile, - Besotted youth, who ------ to defy - The rule of right, beware his awful fate - Who, sitting down to eat a stolen pie, - ------ the eighth commandment on the plate! - -Spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. XVI.--A QUAINT EPITAPH - -This epitaph, most of it in some sort of dog Latin, tells its own -pathetic tale on its tablet. - - | | - -+------------------------------+- - |IT - OBIT - MORTI - MERA | - |PUBLI - CANO - FACTO - NAM | - |AT - RES - T - M - ANNO - XXX | - |ALETHA - TE - VERITAS | - |TE - DE - QUA - LV - VASTO | - |MI - NE - A - JOVI - ALTO | - |PERAGO - O - DO - NE - AT | - |STO - UT - IN - A - POTOR - AC| - |AN - IV - VAS - NE - VER - A | - | =R - I - P= | - -+------------------------------+- - | | - - -27 - - The .... with .... importunate - To rule his .... may try; - His .... is so unfortunate - That .... they may reply! - -The missing words are spelt with the same four letters. - - -28. “TURN AGAIN WHITTINGTON!” - - In all the pomp of ---- and chains - He lords it o’er the town; - The ---- of his hopes he gains - Who ---- with half-a-crown. - -Each missing word has the same four letters. - - -No. XVII.--A TRAGIC CALENDAR - - | | - -+--------------------------------------+- - |Jan-et was quite ill one day; | - |Feb-rile troubles came her way. | - |Mar-tyr like, she lay in bed, | - |Apr-oned nurses softly sped. | - |May-be, said the leech judicial, | - |Jun-ket would be beneficial. | - |Jul-eps, too, though freely tried, | - |Aug-ured ill, for Janet died. | - |Sep-ulchre was sadly made, | - |Oct-aves pealed and prayers were said.| - |Nov-ices with many a tear | - |Dec-orated Janet’s bier. | - -+--------------------------------------+- - | | - - -29. A SAUCY JADE - - A writer quite devoid of tact, - She valued ------ more than fact. - A wayward ------ she made her muse - On ------ and noble heaped abuse. - Dealt ----- on ------ to prince or peer, - Her ----- wit a paltry jeer. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same six letters. - - -30. MISSING WORDS - - Of all destructive country pests - The farmer ..... ..... least; - He cannot yet the puzzle ..... - How to suppress the beast! - -The missing words have the same five letters. - - -No. XVIII.--A DIAMOND PALINDROME - -Within the four corners of this Mystic Diamond the Palindrome, NAME NO -ONE MAN, can be traced in 16,376 different directions, in straight -lines, or at right angles, starting from the centre or from the borders. - - N - NaN - NamaN - NamemaN - NamenemaN - NamenonemaN - NamenooonemaN - NamenoonoonemaN - NamenoonenoonemaN - NamenoonemenoonemaN - NamenoonemamenoonemaN - NamenoonemaNamenoonemaN - NamenoonemamenoonemaN - NamenoonemenoonemaN - NamenoonenoonemaN - NamenoonoonemaN - NamenooonemaN - NamenonemaN - NamenemaN - NamemaN - NamaN - NaN - N - - - 31. TO THE FRESH AIR FUND - OH THE ------ OF THE ------. - - The ------ of darkest London are radiant with ------, - You can ----- it in their ----- little faces. - So wherever you ------ let it be your heart’s ------ - To ease the ----- and sorrows of all -----. - -The missing words in the title and those in the first and third lines -each contain six letters. Those in the second four, and in the fourth -five. - - -No. XIX.--SHAKESPEARE RECAST - -If you start with the right letter in this combination, and then take -every third letter, a well-known quotation from Shakespeare will be -formed. - - +----------------------+ - |HOUSE.CANOE.AFTER. | - |HOUR.PRINT.CAVE.CHILD | - |SASH.SLEVE.ACORN. | - |AMPLE.SAD.TATTA.HENA | - |MAT.ACHE.CAKE.TACHES. | - |HELIAC.SACQUE.USUAL. | - |ARBOR.SEE.MULCH.JACUR.| - |USE.STOP. | - +----------------------+ - - -32. THE FLIRT THAT FAILED - - She ...... in vain, “Men are ......, and as shy - As ...... in October,” she says with a sigh. - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -33 - - When good men lapse the ....... grins, - When one ....... he swears, - And strives to set his former sins - Against his ....... prayers. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same seven letters. - - -No. XX.--A DOUBLE ACROSTIC - - An old Italian bird we know - Whose heart is ever touched by snow. - - 1. None can press me without pain - Pressure is against the grain. - 2. I am a king without my head. - 3. Here is another king instead. - -It is fair to our readers to say that some knowledge of Latin and French -is needed for dealing with this very excellent Acrostic, of which a full -explanation is given with the solution. - - -34. THE GIPSY LAD - - His hands and face were -----, and sad - Upon the ----- a gipsy lad - Lay; as the breeze his temples fanned - He counted ----- on either hand. - -Each missing word has the same five letters. - - -35. THE OLD DIVINE - - In yon grey ----- an old divine - Taught me my ----- to decline, - And verbs with ----- of mood and tense; - But while I plodded on apace - I had to keep the ----- of grace, - And close his prayers with loud -----. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same five letters. - - -36. BANZAI! - - No reckless ------ of the sword, - He ------ his fatherland to save. - Fighting for freedom, not ------, - Now ------ of the eastern seas. - -The four missing words contain six letters. - - -No. XXI.--HIDDEN PROVERBS - -Five familiar proverbs are hidden in this square of 169 letters. - - R E N O W N E D T H A N W - S Y O U R C A K E A N D A - S T E T O B E F E A R H R - E A R K S S P O I L E A F - L E O O H E R S N T D V O - O T M O T L I N O H T E U - N O S C A L A G M E H I R - S N I Y G O R S O B A T S - E N G N E N O T S R N P A - I A O A M O O T S O A E W - R C D E V I L A H T D A S - O U O Y N O I L D A E C A - T C I V R E H H T A H E Z - -The proverbs are arranged in a regular sequence. - - -37. OF DOUBTFUL WORTH - - A fair ------, though ------ and frayed, - The critic ------ to own, - And it might interest the trade - If ------ by some one known. - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -38 - - In his ------ days, as when he was young, - The ------ indulges in ------ of tongue. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. XXII.--AN ALPHABETICAL TOAST - -Lord Duff, who evidently had a turn for puzzles, proposed this -alphabetical toast, which became popular among the Jacobites. - - A.B.C. A blessed change. - D.E.F. Down every foreigner. - G.H.J. God help James. - K.L.M. Keep Lord Mar. - N.O.P. Noble Ormond preserve. - Q.R.S. Quickly resolve Stuart. - T.U.V.W. Truss up vile Whigs. - X.Y.Z. Exert your zeal. - -Another quaint and ingenious use of separate letters is recorded of the -well-known preacher, Henry Ward Beecher. - -Years ago, before his reputation had become world-wide, he was asked to -give a lecture without charge, and assured that it would increase his -fame. His reply was characteristic and very much to the point: “I will -lecture for F.A.M.E.--fifty and my expenses!” - - -39. MISSING WORDS - - (1) A cylindrical lock - Where no key can be found, - (2) An instrument treble - And ringing in sound. - (3) In story-land ranging, - (4) Now chopping and changing; - (5) Broken up, reunited, - Quite whole I am found. - -Words, spelt with the same eight letters are indicated in these lines. -There are two words in (1). - - -No. XXIII.--A MORAL PRECEPT - -The following obscure legend was worked on an old sampler, in the red -cross-stitch that found favour when our grandmothers were girls:-- - - +----------------+ - | Elizabeth out | - |Rue Constantine | - |Very thin gloves| - | Way Susan dart.| - +----------------+ - -This was evidently some excellent moral precept, but it hung on its -frame, a mere puzzle on the school-room wall, until an expert word -juggler came that way, and solved the mystery by reading it off thus:-- - -“Eliza be thou true, constant in everything. Love sways us, and art.” - - -40 - -In the following lines the first missing word has two letters, and the -letters are carried on, with one more added each time, and in varied -order, throughout the verses, either in single words or in groups of -words:-- - - A lover of .. unkind fair - Were less than ... did he not .... - “Mine is no ..... life, I swear, - It dwells in this ...... alone. - Grant me thy love, like ....... chaste - .. ...... lest thou live unwooed, - ..... .. . lowly life to waste - The treasures of sweet ..........” - - -No. XXIV.--SHAKESPEARE’S MANTLE - -Ingenious cryptic efforts have been made to prove that Bacon was the -author of Shakespeare’s plays, but it has been reserved for us to -reveal, by a convincing cryptogram, the modern wearer of his mantle. - -The secret is disclosed by a line of capital letters shown below:-- - - Mac B eth. - Oth E llo. - Comedy of Er R ors. - Merchant of Ve N ice. - Coriol A nus. - Midsummer Night’s D R eam. - Merry Wives of Win D sor. - - Measure for Mea S ure. - Much Ado about Not H ing. - Antony and Cleop A tra. - All’s Well that ends W ell. - - -41. MISSING WORDS - - Till a man is as ----- of a ----- as his palm is, - We ----- him from earning his ----- in our armies. - -The missing words are spelt with the same five letters. - - -42. THE PAUPER’S PLAINT - - Pale penury that ------ social bands, - And any link that ------ worth to fame, - Take ye the blame for my inactive hands, - I ------ in vain to build upon the sands, - Without a ------ who can make a name? - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. XXV.--CAPITAL SHORT CUTS - -The following example of the use of phonetic capitals and figures is -fresh and original. It contains more than eighty such symbols in its -twenty-four lines:-- - -A MAID OF ARCADY - - A rosy maid of R K D - Is L N in her bower; - Brisk as U C A honey B, - And sweet as N E flower. - - Does she S A herself 2 please - (XQQ the saucy miss), - She sings an L E G 2 TT, - Or blows an M T kiss. - - “B mine, I say, U bonny J, - B 4 I CC mine L; - When you are gay my hopes D K, - In T sing U X L.” - - Without ado she takes the Q, - Her II B 9 and B D, - “O, sir, I do not N V U - I C that U R C D. - - “X S of spirits--O D V-- - Begins 2 U U U up; - The cure must B a dish of T - With K N in the cup!” - - “O L N U I C R true, - Y need I C Q less? - I’ll never D V 8 from U, - But end my cares with S.” - (_caress_). - - -43. MISSING WORDS - - Mr Backslide, afflicted with weakness of mind, - -------- over to Lushington’s inn, where he dined. - He -------- the pledge he had taken as handy, - And emptied forthwith a -------- of brandy. - -Each missing word has eight letters. - - -44 - - A ------ sat in his ------ grey, - Watching the moonbeams ------ play - On a keg that in the bushes lay, - And these were the words of his song:-- - “Thou ------ the weak, thou ------ the strong, - To thee the ------ of bad deeds doth belong.” - And the leaves with a ------ took up the sad song. - -Each of these missing words is spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. XXVI.--SIMPLE SCHOLARSHIP - -Three hungry scholars came to a wayside inn, and saw this sign over the -door: - - +-----------+ - |PLACET ORE | - |STAT ORDINE| - |ORE STABIT | - |ORE AT ABIT| - +-----------+ - -One of them eager to show his ready wit, translated these Latin words of -welcome roughly into English verse:-- - - “Good cheer we provide, - Our service is sure; - Their savours abide - Though meats don’t endure!” - -The complacent smile faded from his face as a village schoolboy, who had -overheard him, broke in with the real rendering of the words:--“Place to -rest at or dine; O rest a bit, or eat a bit!” - - -45 - -In these lines, where the dots occur, insert words, each of which is -longer by one letter than the one before, and so complete the poem. The -same letters are carried on each time in varied arrangement:-- - - Nature . love .. every land, - On burning plain, by wooded rill; - Where ... is girt by coral strand, - Or .... rears her castled hill. - - Then ..... from me the tale to hear, - How, true to one ......, the bee - Once ....... out keeps, year by year, - The ........ by her instinct given, - Which teach her, wheresoe’er she roam, - In every clime beneath the heaven, - To build the same ......... home. - - -No. XXVII.--WAS IT VOLAPÜK? - - | | - -+---------------+- - |FFAH CHTI WT | - |HGU ACT ONE| - |RASD RIB DLO| - -+---------------+- - | | - -A schoolmaster in the Midlands, who was a bit of a wag, wrote this on -the blackboard, as a novel exercise for the boys of Standard VI. Can you -decipher it? - - -46 - -Here is another ingenious specimen of missing words, spelt each of them -with the same five letters:-- - - That Samson did a thousand ----- - Is not so wondrous strange. - In days like these at ----- such feats - Assume a wider range. - The Press ----- news ----- now, - Enough to scare a sinner, - And any fool who chooses may, - In Samson’s way, his thousands slay - Who chews his ----- at dinner. - - -No. XXVIII.--ANOTHER EPITAPH - -(_On an Old Pie Woman_) - - BENE AT hint HEDU S.T.T.H. emo Uldy O - L.D.C. RUSTO F.N.E. L.L.B. - AC. hel orl AT Ely - W ASS hove N.W. how ASS Kill’d - Int heart SOF pi escu Star - D. sand Tart Sand K N ewe, - Ver yus E oft he ove N.W. Hens he - ’Dliv’ Dlon geno - UG H.S. hem Ade he R la STP uffap - UF FBY HE RHU - S. B an D. M. - Uchp R.A. is ’D no Wheres He dot - H.L. i.e. TOM a Kead I.R.T.P. Iein hop est - Hat he R.C. Rust W I - L.L.B. ERA IS ’D----! - - -47. IN A FARM-YARD - - All his flock from ------ rough, - To the ------ ran apace, - Where their ------, old and tough, - ------, the guardian of his race. - -In these lines each missing word is spelt with the same six letters. - -48 - -This is a bright little specimen of a missing words puzzle:-- - - Come, landlord, fill the flowing ---- - Until their ---- run over; - For in this ---- to-night I’ll ----, - To-morrow ---- to Dover! - -Each missing word has the same four letters. - - -No. XXIX.--DOG LATIN - -An old worn stone, with the inscription given below just legible, was -found near to some ancient Roman remains, and was the valued possession -of a local antiquarian, who was convinced that it dated back to the days -of the Emperor Claudius:-- - - BENE - AT . HTH . IS . ST - ONERE . POS . ET - H . CLAUD . COS. TERT - R . I . P - ES . ELLE . RO - F . IMP - IN . G . TONAS . DO - TH . HISCO - N . SORTJ - A . N . E - -His pride of possession was, however, shattered when a rival collector -read it off into excellent English:--“Beneath this stone reposeth Claud -Coster, tripe seller, of Impington, as doth his consort Jane.” - - -49 - -Here, as quite a novelty, is a double-barrelled missing words puzzle. As -a puzzle, Part I. should stand alone, but the second part forms a -thinly-veiled solution, which throws light upon the missing words. These -are four in number and are spelt differently with the same six letters. - -Part I - - I tell of voices hushed and still, - I bid men prick their ears, - I help an army’s ranks to fill, - My gleam like gold appears. - -Part II - - Hushed is the still and ------ voice, - Pricked ears are keen to ------, - Men who ------ make noble choice. - ------ like gold will glisten. - - -No. XXX.--THE PROBLEM SQUARED - - P R O B L E M - R E C E I V E - O C T A V E S - B E A C O N S - L I V O N I A - E V E N I N G - M E S S A G E - -This is a singularly perfect specimen of a seven-letter Word Square. - - -50. MISSING WORDS - - Some men their -------- escorted on their way, - When “-------- look here!” I heard a driver say: - “It -------- our pluck to toil like -------- all day, - When wanting -------- we starve on wretched pay.” - -Each missing word is spelt with the same five letters. - - -No. XXXI.--BY LEAPS AND BOUNDS - -Can you disentangle the eight-line verse which is scattered over these -64 squares? You must leap always from square to square, as a knight -moves on the chess-board. - - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | tle | to | a |cat- |life | and |live | In | - | | | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | By | tle | ow- |bro | of | non |tle |fall | - | | | |wse | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | ter |tur- | gain| like|land |one’s|quiet| And | - | | | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | of | ar | Bet-| me | and |Than | a- |bat- | - | | m | | ad- | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - |bask | Be | lau-| or | tle |ness |done |wan- | - | | t- | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | rel | let |Than |die |With | der | of | smo | - | | | | | | | | ke | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | ter | in |brain|myr- | on | and |har- | un- | - | | | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | Ch | or |to |sun |with |work | In |heat | - | ap- | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - -The verses begin with “Better to die,” and end with “tle” in the top -left-hand corner. - - -51. WISDOM WHILE YOU WAIT - - As a -------- -------- of facts you’ll find - Our Encyclopedia -------- the mind. - -The three missing words are spelt with the same seven letters. - - -52. MISSING WORDS - - You drink that --------, -------- wine, too lavishly at night, - And say a -------- or a swim next morning puts you right, - When night brings you a sudden --------, and morning devils blue, - Then you’ll ------ your careless boast, and own my warning true. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. XXXII.--A BROKEN SQUARE - -Can you complete this broken Word Square? - - +---------+ - | |O| |E| | - +-+-+-+-+-+ - |O| | | |E| - +-+-+-+-+-+ - | |I| |O| | - +-+-+-+-+-+ - |E| | | |E| - +-+-+-+-+-+ - | |E| |E|-| - +-+-+-+-+-+ - - -53 - -The missing words in these lines are all spelt with the same six -letters:-- - - --- -------- but for rebel act - Without --- -------- should be; - But this --- --- --- end, in fact - None find --- -------- in me. - - -54. MISSING WORDS - - “Oh for a ----- in this vast solitude, - This endless rise and fall of ----- and moor!” - Soliloquised a ----- in sad mood, - As through the lonely hills the staff of life he bore. - -Spelt with the same five letters. - - -No. XXXIII.--A KNIGHT’S TOUR PROVERB - -If the letters on these squares are taken in proper sequence they will -form the words of a well-known proverb:-- - - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | | | | | | | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | | | |E| | | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | |E| | | |T| | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | | |L|H| | | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | |E| |R| |S| | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | |E|A|S| | | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |D| |E| |O| |S| | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | | |S|P| |M| | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - -When a starting point has been chosen for trial of this puzzle, the -successive letters must occupy the squares which in every case are -reached by a knight’s move at chess, until a popular proverb is formed. - - -55. “MONSTRUM HORRENDUM INFORME INGENS” - - ’Twas in ........ that we saw him play - Like a ........ in his sports, and they - Amuse us as a good ........ may. - -Each missing word has the same eight letters. - - -No. XXXIV.--GUARINI’S PROBLEM - -The following curiosity, which is known as _Guarini’s Problem_, dates -back to the year 1512. On a board of 9 squares two white Knights are -placed in the top corners, and two black Knights in the bottom corners, -thus:-- - - +---+---+---+ - | N |...| N | - +---+---+---+ - |...| |...| - +---+---+---+ - | n |...| n | - +---+---+---+ - -The problem is to interchange, in as few moves as possible, the -positions of the white and black knights. - - -56 - -We call particular attention to the construction of this very curious -couplet, in which the spaces are filled by the same seven letters. In -every case four of the letters of the missing words or phrases are the -same, and keep the same order, and in all but the first the order of the -letters is unchanged throughout, though the meaning always alters, as it -does in that most perfect old Latin motto, “Persevera, per severa, per -se vera,” “persevere through trials, true to thyself.” - - Soup is --- ------- for a ------- divine, - Who with --- -------- is ----- -------- to sit down and dine. - - -No. XXXV.--AN ANAGRAM SQUARE - -Can you break up and recast the five words in this square, so that the -fresh words form a perfect Word Square? The initials are A, M, E, N, D, -S. - - +-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |S|E|N|D|E|R| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |O|N|I|O|N|S| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |B|A|B|B|L|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |M|A|N|N|E|R| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |S|M|I|L|E|D| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |L|I|N|E|A|L| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+ - - -57. MISSING WORDS - - Sweet as the ------ and cruel as its thorn, - ------ thy power is great, thy pity scorn. - Swift as the ------ that through the forest fly, - Deep as the ------ that deepest hidden lie, - Is thine own ------ to hapless mortals given, - Semblance of darkest hell or brightest heaven. - -These missing words are spelt with the same four letters. - - -58. MISSING WORDS - -(_Dedicated to the Fresh Air Fund_) - -Good ----- for City ----- - - My pipe ----- for -- ---- charms, that yield - Pictures and ----- of a children’s day. - Lest conscience ----- I ----- -- down to say - My ----- shall send some city ----- afield. - -Each word or group is spelt with the same five letters. - - -No. XXXVI.--SHAKESPEARE’S PSALM - -Quite as cryptic and convincing as any of the curious Shakespeare-Bacon -cyphers is the evidence which connects our great English poet with the -forty-sixth Psalm of the authorised Bible version. - -Shakespear, spelt thus, as it often was, contains four vowels and six -consonants. This is the key to the position. If, guided by these -figures, we turn to the _forty-sixth_ Psalm and count from the -beginning, we find the _forty-sixth_ word is “Shake.” - -Then, counting from the end, disregarding the “Selah,” which is no part -of the text, we find that the _forty-sixth_ word is “spear.” - -Thus, by a startling and perfect succession of affinities, the poet’s -name-number is linked again and again with this Psalm, until it reveals -his name. - -If any sceptic asks why the Book of Psalms should thus be turned to, the -answer comes in the curious fact that the actual letters of the name -William Shakespere, another of its different spellings, form this -sentence as their anagram, and thus afford the necessary clue:-- - - “We are like his Psalm.” - -A final point of interest is made when we notice that Shakespeare -himself must have been just _forty-six_ years old when the Psalms were -re-translated. - - -59. MISSING WORDS - - He said “You ------” when one lied, - He said “Don’t ------” when one hied, - His glass held ------ at his side, - He can ------ what he denied. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same six letters. - - -No. XXXVII.--A KNIGHT’S TOUR - -The letters on this board, if read aright in the order of a Knight’s -moves at chess, will give a popular proverb. - - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |R|L|T|E|Y|L|R|O| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |Y|H|L|T|O|B|T|A| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |T|A|A|A| |H|T|I| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |E|L| |E|I|N|E|O| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |D|H|W| |Y|E|S|Y| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |R|T|E|S|D| |B|W| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |Y|N|E|S|N|D|A|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |H|A|A|A|W|I|D|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - -Start from the most central E, and you will be able to trace the -proverb. - - -60. MISSING WORDS - - Mr Snip, the --------, was -------- a hill, - With a bag of new -------- for stock; - When a runaway motor-car gave him a spill - Which scattered his doubts with the shock. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same eight letters. - - -No. XXXVIII.--A WORD SQUARE - -The pupils of Dr Puzzlewitz found one morning these vowels printed -boldly on the blackboard:-- - - E * A * E - - * A * E * - - A * E * * - - * E * * E - - E * * E * - -Under it the doctor had written “Fill in the consonants, so that the -words read alike from top to bottom, and from side to side.” How is this -to be done? - - -61. MISSING WORDS - - ----- her fair cheek, and back o’er all - The ----- of years ----- memory. - Those wedding ----- to her recall - The ----- he urged so tenderly. - -Each of these missing words has five letters. - - -62. MISSING WORDS - - Two burglars attempted to ----- a house, - The ----- was heard, though as still as a mouse. - When challenged at once he a ----- became, - But caught as a ----- he finished his game. - -Each word has the same five letters. - - -No. XXXIX.--THE SQUAREST WORD - -The squarest word in any language is the Latin _time_, which, in -connection with the three other Latin words, _item_, _meti_, _emit_, can -be read, when written as a square, in every possible direction. Thus:-- - - T I M E - I T E M - M E T I - E M I T - -As it seems impossible to go one better, we have been seeking, as a new -nut for our store, some English word which may be a good second. Can you -complete the square which is built up on these lines? - - D E L F - * * * * - * * * * - * * * * - -Delf is the key word, but it so far falls short of the perfection aimed -at, that other letters are used in four of the vacant places. Still, it -is so constructed that words which begin with D, E, L, or F appear each -of them in four different directions, and is thus quite a notable -example. - - -No. XL.--A PUZZLE DIAMOND - -Can you fill in this diamond with four words that read alike from left -to right, and from top to bottom? - - D - . I . - . . A . . - D I A M O N D - . . O . . - . N . - D - - -63. MISSING WORDS - - The -------- fool in olden days - Gave kings advice in jesting phrase; - He’s -------- now; the modern throne - -------- all follies but its own. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same eight letters. - - -64. MISSING WORDS - - Days of ------ and times of evil, - Starving girls with ------ do toil, - No man ------ feast or revel, - Hushed is ------ and turmoil. - -Each missing word contains the same six letters. - - -65. MISSING WORDS - - Who ------- in his pride and rage, - To ------- vice a prey, - May hope to reach a green old age, - And find ------- his stay. - -Each word has the same seven letters. - - -No. XLI.--A DEFECTIVE DIAMOND - - S - . . M - P . . . L - . . N . . A L - S . . . N . . . R - M . . . C . E - L A . . E - L . E - R - -The places now occupied by dots are to be filled in with letters so that -a complete diamond is formed, of words that read alike from left to -right, and from top to bottom. - - -66. A POET’S POLITICS - - When Limerick once, in idle whim, - Moore as her member gaily courted, - The boys, for fun’s sake, asked of him - To state what party he supported. - When thus to them the answer ran, - “I’m of no party as a man, - But as a poet ------” - -What is the missing word? - - -67. MISSING WORDS - - Is England ------? That this is so - A solemn ------ aspires to show. - By most ignored, the theme -- ---- to some - Who gravely to the same conclusion come. - Like ------ o’er obstacles they soar, - And if an ---- -- ’vert they rave the more. - -There are six letters in the missing words and phrases. - - -No. XLII.--A SPECIMEN MAGIC SQUARE - -The following clever word square of the unusual number of seven letters, -in which there is no undue straining of words or inflexions, is by a -master hand, and would be difficult to match:-- - - P A L A T E D - A N E M O N E - L E V A N T S - A M A S S E S - T O N S U R E - E N T E R E R - D E S S E R T - - -68. MISSING WORDS - - Off to the links is now their cry, - For golf is man’s --------: - Be not -------- or slow, - -------- hit the ball will go. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same eight letters. - - -69. MISSING WORDS - - No maid e’er ------- North, South, East, or West, - More ------- than she who ------- Love’s request. - -Each missing word is spelt with the same seven letters. - - -70. OUT IN THE COLD - - Though in ......... I be, - It is, alas! ... ...... - No ...... ... comes nigh to me. - -Each word or phrase has the same nine letters. - - -No. XLIII.--A LETTER PUZZLE - -Can you fill in the places of these 21 asterisks with only 3 different -letters, so arranged that they spell a common English word of 5 letters -in 12 different directions? - - * * * * * - * * * * - * * * - * * * * - * * * * * - -Two of the five letters are vowels. - - -71 - - --------- his pride the Royal James - Came down upon the --------- Thames; - Like --------- his court repair - To breathe -- -------’s freer air. - -Each space has the same nine letters. - - -72. DROP LETTER LINES - - With lily leaves his oars are ........, - Her eager hands their treasures ......., - To the fair winds all cares . ....., - And echo faintly answers .....! - -The first letter is dropped in each case, so that while the word which -ends line 1 has eight letters, the last word of line 4 has but five. - - -73. ENIGMA WITH MISSING LETTERS - -There was no good ... in the d...y, so the klim. - - -No. XLIV.--A CANINE CHRONOGRAPH - -Some years ago a country parson had the following inscription engraved -upon the tombstone of a favourite dog that died in 1885:-- - - CarLo - Dear DoggIe - LoVIng faIthfVL anD trVe - she Lost her sIght - bVt not her LoVe - for - I. e. V. - -If the large capital letters are treated as Roman numerals, they add up -to the year of the dog’s death, 1885. - - -74 - -If the missing letters, indicated by dots, are supplied, and the words -are separated, this will be found to form a line in a well-known poem:-- - - .u.u.m.r.i.u.d.s.s.e..o.l.w.d.a.t.n.f.l.o.e.f.s.e. - - -75 - -Complete this sentence by filling in five words in the gaps, each spelt -with the same five letters: - -If you write ----- ----- at ----- do not ----- the -----. - - -76. SIX MISSING WORDS - - A ..... ..... on ....’. strands - Caught Pat’s heart in her meshes; - He left the ..... in Cupid’s hands, - And watched her ..... her tresses; - Tresses of ..... coloured gold, - That did her fairy form enfold. - -Each missing word has the same five letters. - - -No. XLV.--A HIDDEN NAME - -“Yes,” said the village wit, as a merry party sat round the tap-room -fire at Stratford-on-Avon, “some wiseacres have tried to prove that -Bacon wrote Shakespeare’s plays, because his name can be found hidden in -some of the lines. Let me show you how easily this sort of thing can be -arranged to suit our fancy.” - -Taking a piece of chalk he wrote upon the door-- - - “Titus Andronicus” - “All’s Well that Ends Well” - “The Merchant of Venice” - “Coriolanus” - “Cymbeline” - “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” - “Much Ado about Nothing” - -“Look down the letters under _d_ of these titles of some of -Shakespeare’s plays,” he said, “and you will find the well-known name of -one who certainly did not write them.” What name did he mean? What but -that of the prince of jokers, Dan Leno! - - -77. MISSING WORDS - -Can you supply the missing words in these lines? Each is spelt with the -same five letters:-- - - A man of ----- had caught a -----, - And it was windy weather; - “Give me my -----,” he cried, “to fix - My fish and ----- together.” - - -No. XLVI.--A CRYPTIC INSCRIPTION - -The following cryptic inscription was engraved, in his own language, -upon a tablet in honour of the great French astronomer and scientist, -Arago:-- - - +-------------+ - | URE | - |AR ERIL| - +-------------+ - -It has this interpretation:-- - - AR à gauche, - ERIL à droit, - URE sur tout. - - Arago chérit la droiture sur tout. - - Arago cherished integrity above all. - - -78. ON THE LOOSE - - When ....., our puppy, sets out for a run, - Over ..... he ....., all frolic and fun. - For no whistle he ..... in his desperate hurry - The cattle to ....., and the slow sheep to worry. - -Each word has the same five letters. - - -79. MISSING WORDS - - Buy my ripe ------, my ------ who’ll buy? - Don’t look so ------, but take some and try! - -The missing words are spelt with the same six letters. What are they? - - -No. XLVII.--SQUARE THE CIRCLE - -Here is a circle which it is quite possible to square:-- - - C I R C L E - I . . . E . - R . . E . . - C . E . . E - L E . . E . - E . . E . . - -Can you fill it in with English words, that read alike from top to -bottom, and from left to right? Try it before you turn to the solution. -Every E must be worked in as it stands. - - -80. MISSING WORDS ILLUSTRATED - - He who .... may .... at last, - How to .... we show; - Take a sixpence, hold it fast, - Press the .... and blow! - -Each missing word has the same four letters. - -[Illustration] - - -No. XLVIII.--A BROKEN SQUARE - -We give as clues the complete border, and a diagonal in which the same -letter persists. Can you construct the whole square? - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_B_|_O_|_A_|_S_|_T_|_E_|_R_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_O_| | | |_E_| |_E_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_A_| | |_E_| | |_S_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_S_| |_E_| | | |_E_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_T_|_E_| | | | |_N_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_E_| | | | | |_T_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |_R_|_E_|_S_|_E_|_N_|_T_|_S_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - - -ANAGRAMS - -Anagrams, as a method of divining and illustrating personal destiny and -character, were quite a craze in the sixteenth and seventeenth -centuries. No specimens of this word juggling have ever been more apt -than the perfect pair of political anagrams evolved from the names of -two of our greatest statesmen. - -When the reins of power changed hands, it was found that the letters -which form Gladstone also spell out exactly, “G. leads not,” while the -name of his great rival and successor Disraeli itself announces, when -recast, “I lead, sir!” - - -No. XLIX.--A CARD PROBLEM - -Here is a pretty card problem, akin in its character and arrangement to -a Magic Square. - -Take from a pack of cards the four aces, kings, queens, and knaves, and -arrange them so that in each horizontal, vertical, and diagonal row, -each of the four suits and each of the four denominations shall be -represented once, and only once. - - -IDEAL ANAGRAMS - - | | - -+--------------------------------------------------------+- - |Ave Maria, gratiâ plena, Dominus tecum! | - |Virgo serena, pia, munda et immaculata. | - |Regia nata, evadens luctum amari pomi. | - |Eva secunda, Agni immolati pura mater. | - | | - |Hail, Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee! | - |A virgin calm, holy, pure and spotless. | - |Of royal kin, free from the penalty of the bitter apple.| - |A second Eve, pure mother of the slain Lamb. | - -+--------------------------------------------------------+- - | | - -These wonderful anagrams need no word of praise. Constructed each of -them with the same letters, the lines express with startling emphasis -the character and special attributes of her whom they describe. - - -No. L.--TURF-CUTTING - -I cut eight narrow strips of turf from my lawn, to form a double -rose-border, with sides of the relative lengths shown in the diagram:-- - -[Illustration] - -How can I relay these eight pieces, without turning or breaking them, on -a piece of level soil, so that they enclose three flower-beds of similar -size? - - -AN ANAGRAM EPITAPH - -This was engraved on a slate monument in memory of Marya Arundell, in -Duloe, Cornwall, June 8, 1629:-- - - | | - -+------------------------------------------------+ - | MARYA ARUNDELL--MAN A DRY LAUREL | - | | - |Man to the marigold compared may be, | - |Man may be likened to the laurel tree. | - |Both feede the eye, both please the optic sense,| - |Both soon decay, both suddenly fleete hence. | - |What then infer you from her name but this, | - |Man fades away, _man a dry laurel_ is! | - -+------------------------------------------------+- - | | - - -No. LI.--A READY RECKONER - -Two schoolboys, looking into a small water-butt after a heavy rain, -could not agree as to whether it was quite half full. - -[Illustration] - -They appealed to the gardener, as there were no means of measurement at -hand, and he, being a shrewd, practical man, was able to decide the -point. How did he do this? - - -TWIN ANAGRAMS - - Paradise lost. - _Reap sad toils._ - - Paradise regained. - _Dead respire again!_ - - -No. LII.--A TRANSFORMATION - -Can you turn this flat-headed 3 into a 5 by one continuous line, without -scratching out any portion of the 3? - -[Illustration] - - -ADVANCE AUSTRALIA - -What were “The Australian Cricketers?” - -ANSWERED BY ANAGRAM - -_Clinkers! Each a true artist._ - - -BUNYAN’S ANAGRAM - -John Bunyan, in the conclusion of the advertisement of his “Holy War,” -has these quaint lines (using i for j):-- - - “Witness my hand, if Anagrammed to thee - The letters make ‘Nu hony in a B.’” - - -OLD POLITICAL ANAGRAMS - - “The Earl of Beaconsfield.” - _Chief one of all debaters._ - - “William Ewart Gladstone.” - _Wit so great will lead man._ - - -No. LIII.--A CLEAR COURSE - -These diagrams show two of the many ways in which eight pieces of -chessmen or draughtsmen can be so placed upon the board that each of -them has a clear course in every direction, along straight or diagonal -lines. - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |.X.| |...| |...| |...| | |...| |...| |.X.| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| X |...| | |...| |...| X |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | X |...| |...| |...| |...| | |.X.| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |.X.| | |...| |...| |...| |...| X | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| |.X.| |...| |...| | |...| |...| X |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |...| |...| X | |...| |...| |...| |.X.| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | |...| X |...| |...| |...| | X |...| |...| |...| |...| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |...| |...| |.X.| |...| | |...| |.X.| |...| |...| | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -We will give a table in the solutions which shows a large number of -similar possible positions. Meantime our solvers may like to trace some -for themselves. - - -APPOSITE AND OPPOSITE - -Three most excellent anagrams are formed with the letters of the great -name Thomas Carlyle. Two of them seem to point to the rugged sage of -Chelsea in life, and one to his repose in death. They are:-- - - Mercy! lash a lot. - - Cry shame to all! - - A calm holy rest. - - -A ROYAL ANAGRAM - - (Adsit omen!) - “Albert Edward and Alexandra.” - _All dear bread and war tax end!_ - - -No. LIV.--QUARRELSOME NEIGHBOURS - -Three families, who were not on speaking terms, lived in three houses -within the same enclosing fence. Determined to avoid each other, they -built covered ways from the doors of their houses to their gates, so -that they might never cross each other’s paths. The family in A had -their gate at A, those in B at B, and those in C at C. How were these -covered ways arranged so as to secure their complete separation? - -[Illustration] - - -HIS HOBBY - - William Ewart Gladstone. - _A man will go wild at trees._ - - -A SOLDIER’S ANAGRAM - - Lord Kitchener of Khartoum. - _Oh firm rod! the knack to rule!_ - - -No. LV.--A PRETTY TRICK - -Ask some one to place five cards (not court cards) in a row, to add up -their pips, and to place two cards representing that number below, for -subtraction, as is shown in the diagram. - - /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ - | ♠ | | ♦ | | ♣ ♣ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♦ ♦ | - | | | | | | | ♥ | | ♦ ♦ | - | | | ♦ | | ♣ ♣ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♦ | = 28. - | | | | | | | ♥ | | ♦ ♦ | - | ♠ | | ♦ | | ♣ ♣ | | ♥ ♥ | | ♦ ♦ | - \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ - - /-------\ /-------\ - | ♣ | | ♠ ♠ | - | | | ♠ | - | | | ♠ ♠ | - | | | ♠ | - | ♣ | | ♠ ♠ | - \-------/ \-------/ - - /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ /-------\ - | ♥ | | ♣ | | ♠ ♠ | | ♦ ♦ | | | - | | | | | | | | | | - | | | ♣ | | ♠ ♠ | | ♦ ♦ | | ♥ | - | | | | | | | | | | - | ♥ | | ♣ | | ♠ ♠ | | ♦ ♦ | | | - \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ \-------/ - -Let him then place cards to represent the result of subtraction, remove -which one he pleases of these, and tell you the sum of the remaining -pips. - -You can at once tell him the value of the card removed by deducting the -number of pips in that remainder from the next highest multiple of 9. -Thus, in the instance shown above, if one of the sixes is removed, the -sum of the remaining pips is 12, and 18 - 12 = 6. A space must be left -for any 0. - - -BOAT-RACE ANAGRAMS - -Here is a batch of anagrams, all letters perfect, which show how, by a -little ingenuity, words may be twisted into opposite and appropriate -meanings. - - “The Oxford and Cambridge annual boat-race.” - - ANAGRAMS - - Hard race, but Cantab gained lead from Oxon. - - Ah! bad rudder line for Cantab cox to manage. - - Cantab blue had raced in an extra good form. - - -No. LVI.--THE CROSS-KEYS - -This pretty puzzle can be made at home by anyone who is handy with a -fret-saw. - -[Illustration] - -Cut three pieces of hard wood according to the patterns given in this -diagram, and try to fit the three sections together so that they form a -firm symmetrical figure with six projecting ends. - - -ANGLO-JAPANESE ANAGRAMS - - “The Anglo-Japanese treaty of Alliance.” - - Yea, Fate enjoins to help a gallant race - - or - - Hail, gallant East! Fear not, enjoy peace - - or - - A peace angel, then joy to all in far East. - - -A WONDERFUL ANAGRAM - -If the letters which spell the names of the twelve months are shaken up -and recast, these appropriate lines and their title are formed-- - -POEM - - Just a jury by number, each a scrap of year, - A number recording every jumble, tumble, tear! - - -No. LVII.--THE NABOB’S DIAMONDS - -An Indian Nabob left a casket of valuable diamonds to his children under -the following conditions:--The first was to take a diamond and -one-seventh of the remainder; the second was to take two and a seventh -of the then remainder; the third three and a seventh of the rest, and so -on, on similar lines, till all the diamonds were taken. Each of the -children had then exactly an equal share. How many diamonds were there, -and how many children? - - -A PRIZE ANAGRAM - -It would be difficult to find a more ingenious and appropriate anagram -than this, which took a prize in _Truth_ in 1902, and connects the -King’s recovery with the Coronation. - -The sentence was-- - - “God save our newly crowned King and Queen! - Long life to Edward and Alexandra!” - -The letters of this were recast thus-- - - Can we wonder an anxious devoted England followed drear danger - quakingly? - - -A GOOD ANAGRAM - - Sir Francis Bacon, the Lord Keeper. - _Is born and elect for rich speaker._ - - -THE DREAMER’S ANAGRAM - -“Imagination”--_I’m on it again!_ - - -A SEASONABLE ANAGRAM - - “Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter.” - _We murmur--“Time’s running past!”_ - - -No. LVIII.--A CARD CHAIN - -The cardboard chain in this diagram is formed of unbroken links cut from -one card. - -[Illustration] - -There are no joinings in these links, no paste or gum is used, and the -chain is fairly cut from a single card. - - -APPROPRIATE - -Very apt indeed, in these days of books and papers without end, is the -descriptive anagram which we find involved in - - “The Alphabet,” _That be a help_. - - -A TOUR DE FORCE - -Made with the letters which form the names of the twelve months, each -being used once, and only once:-- - - Merry durable just grace - My every future month embrace, - No jars remain, joy bubble up apace! - - -No. LIX.--STRAY DOTS - -These represent the four quarters of a torn design, on which large black -dots had been so drawn that no two of them stood on the same row, -column, or diagonal. - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----+--+ +--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--●-----+-----+-----+--+ +--+-----●-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----●-----+--+ +--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----+--+ +--+-----+-----●-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----+--+ +--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--●-----+-----+-----+--+ +--●-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----+--+ +--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----●--+ +--+-----+-----+-----●--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - -Can you copy out these four pieces, and place them in close contact, so -that the proper edges come together to reproduce the original effect? - - -AN OLD POLITICAL ANAGRAM - - The initials of Brougham, Russell, Allthorp, and Grey, - If rightly disposed the word “brag” will display; - Transpose them and “grab” will appear to the view, - Which hints at what many assert to be true, - That they, like some others, still follow the plan - To _brag_ what they’ll do, and then _grab_ what they can! - - -No. LX.--THE OPEN DOOR - -A prisoner placed in the cell marked _A_ is promised his release on the -condition that he finds his way out of the door at _X_ by passing -through all the cells, entering each of them once only. - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | A | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | _x_| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ + - -How can he do this? - - -A ROYAL ANAGRAM - -The following remarkable anagram is recast from the name and title of -the daughter of George IV., who was direct heir to the throne:-- - - “Princess Charlotte Augusta of Wales.” - - -ANAGRAM - - _P. C. her august race is lost, O fatal news!_ - - -No. LXI.--THE SHEPHERD’S PUZZLE - -When a farmer told his shepherd to put 21 sheep into 4 pens at the fair, -and added, “I wish you could put an odd number into each pen, as there -is luck in odd numbers, but that is impossible,” he did not take into -account the shrewdness of the shepherd, who very cleverly folded them -thus:-- - - +---------------------------------+ - | * * * | - | +-------------------------+ | - | | * * | | - | | +-----------------+ | | - | | | * * | | | - | | | +---------+ | | | - | | | | * * | | | | - | * | | | * | | | * | - | | | | * * | | | | - | | | +---------+ | | | - | | | * * | | | - | | +-----------------+ | | - | | * * | | - | +-------------------------+ | - | * * * | - +---------------------------------+ - -Each fold or pen has by this arrangement an odd number of sheep within -the hurdles that form its outer boundaries, and in this sense the -farmer’s wish was satisfied. - - -We are familiar, most of us, with what is called Macaronic verse or -prose, in which the letters and syllables of Latin words can be read so -as to form English sentences. - -It would seem to be too much to expect that there could be any -connection in meaning between these Latin and English words, but there -is one striking exception to this general rule. “Non est” means exactly -“it is not,” and “No nest” conveys precisely the same idea, when a bird -finds that its home has been destroyed. - - -No. LXII.--LEAP-FROG - -Here is an interesting puzzle which can be worked out with coins or -counters on a corner of a chess or a draughtboard. - -[Illustration] - -At starting only the central point is vacant. A piece that is moved to a -vacant spot must leap over two other pieces if it goes along the solid -black lines, and can only move over one of the dotted diagonals at a -time to an adjoining point. Try, on these lines, to enable the frog, now -in the second hole of the lowest row, to reach the centre in the fewest -possible moves, leaving its own original point vacant, and at the last -surrounded by the words “leap-frog” as they now stand. - -Moves can only be made to vacant places. - - -LXIII.--MUSIC HATH CHARMS - -[Illustration] - - Transpose two letters, and the lad - Who grinds his organ in the Strand, - Can sing “my music is not bad, - I wake it with a master hand!” - -How did he justify this ambitious claim? - - -No. LXIV.--GRIST FOR THE MILL - -If the letters P E A R S O N S are printed on small wafers or buttons, -and set at hap-hazard and out of order on the points which they now -occupy, a very pretty game of patience will result from the attempt to -restore them to their places. - -[Illustration] - -Any letter can be pushed along one of the lines to a vacant place, and -those on the mill sails can be moved to or from the central spot. There -is no fixed limit to the number of moves, but the puzzle is to restore, -in as few moves as possible, the broken and disordered word to its -proper reading round the mill. - - -No. LXV.--YOUR WATCH A COMPASS - -We are indebted to Sam Loyd, the famous American problem composer and -puzzle king, for the following very practical curiosity, which is so -closely akin to a puzzle that it is well worth giving for the benefit of -our readers when they are out on holiday. If you are uncertain as to -your bearings, lay your watch flat on the palm of your hand so that the -hour-hand points in the direction of the sun. The point exactly midway -between the hour-hand and the figure 12 will be due south at any time -between 6 in the morning and 6 in the afternoon. During any other hours -our rule will give the _north_ point, and in the southern hemisphere the -rules will be reversed. - -[Illustration] - - -In the days of Pope Pio Nono someone extracted from the Papal title -“Supremus Pontifex Romanus” an anagram, which cut at the very foundation -of the faith. It ran thus: “O non sum super petram fixus”--“O I am not -founded on the rock.” - -This held its place as a clever topical anagram, until in a moment of -happy inspiration a son of the Church discovered that if the first words -are recast and rearranged, a splendidly appropriate motto for the then -reigning pontiff leaps to sight, “Sum Nono, super petram fixus,” “I am -Nono, founded on the rock!” - - -No. LXVI.--A MYSTIC SQUARE - -This is an arrangement of numbers in 9 cells, so that no cell contains -the same figure as appear in any other, and the two upper rows, the two -side columns, the two long diagonals, and the four short diagonals all -add up to 18:-- - - +-------------+-------------+-------------+ - | | | | - | | 5 + 5| 2 | - | 1 + 1 + 1 |5 + 5 + -----| 2 + - | - | | 5 | 2 | - | | | | - +-------------+-------------+-------------+ - | | | | - | | | 4 + 4 | - | 3 + 3 | 6 | 4 + ----- | - | | | 4 | - | | | | - +-------------+-------------+-------------+ - | | | | - | 7 + 7 | 9 + 9 + 9| 8 | - | 7 + ----- |9 + ---------| 8 + - | - | 7 | 9 | 8 | - | | | | - +-------------+-------------+-------------+ - -Though not, strictly speaking, a Magic Square, this is a most ingenious -fulfilment of the conditions of the puzzle. - - -UP-TO-DATE ANAGRAMS - -Good up-to-date anagrams are:--Chamberlain, “Rich able man,” and -Pierpont Morgan, “Man prone to grip.” - - -No. LXVII.--A SWARM OF WORDS - -In each of the five crosses of this mystic figure the same letters are -to be inserted where there are asterisks, so that seven different -English words are formed, which can be read altogether in 64 different -ways and directions. - - * - * - * * D * * - * - * - * +---/*\---+ * - * | * | * - * * D * *|* * D * *|* * D * * - * | * | * - * +---\*/---+ * - * - * - * * D * * - * - * - -There will then be in all the five crosses 320 readings of these seven -words, three of them having 80 variations and four of them having 20, -and only three different letters are used. - - -SEASONABLE ANAGRAMS - - | | - -+---------------------------------------+- - | “_A Merry Christmas and a Happy | - | New Year._” | - |My prayer and wishes reach many a part.| - | _or_ | - |Many a sad heart can whisper my prayer.| - -+---------------------------------------+- - | | - - -No. LXVIII.--AFTER SOME SAD REVERSE - -We admit this most miserable picture of a discontented outcast into our -bright pages, to “point a moral,” if it does not “adorn a tale.” - -[Illustration] - -Can our readers gather from it the lesson, that when things seem to be -at the worst, a turn of fortune’s wheel may set them on their legs -again, and change the merest melancholy to the merriest mirth? A reverse -of another sort will set things right. Turn the page round! - - -A lady, to whom the momentous question had been put with some -diffidence, handed to her lover a slip of paper, telling him that it -embodied her reply. Nothing was written but the word “stripes,” which -seemed at first to be of sinister omen; but to his relief and joy the -fateful letters presently resolved themselves into a message of direct -encouragement, and never was an anagram more welcome than this which -bade him “persist.” - - -No. LXIX.--THE EXPLOSIVE RAFT - -With eight large wooden matches form a miniature raft, as is shown in -the diagram:-- - -[Illustration] - -Place the little raft on a wine-glass, and apply a lighted match to one -of its corners. The tension on its parts will cause the whole -construction to fly asunder as soon as the pressure on any point is -removed. - - -A NOTABLE HISTORIC ANAGRAM - -It is very remarkable that the letters which form the sentence-- - -“The Jubilee Day of Victoria, Queen and Empress,” also exactly spell-- - -_Joys are never quite complete if a husband die._ - - -No. LXX.--A PICTURE PUZZLE - - Much is bad, and much is sad, - And life has many woes. - -[Illustration] - - May we keep clear from year to year - Of what this picture shows! - -Can you interpret it? - - -CONTRADICTION BY ANAGRAM - -Logica, Latin for logic, can be resolved into the strangely -contradictory anagram, _caligo, darkness_; and, in seeming support of -this perversion, our word logic can be turned into _I clog_! - -Here are two good anagrams connected with the land of the Pharaohs:-- - - David Livingstone, - “Go and visit Nile, D.V.” - - Cleopatra’s Needle on the Thames Embankment, - “An Eastern emblem; then take me to Cheops’ land.” - -Danes should be _dark men_, according to the anagram of “Denmark.” - - -No. LXXI.--PATCHWORK PICTURES - -This is good fun for old and young as a round game. Each player draws on -the upper part of a slip of paper some fancy head and folds it back, -leaving just enough in sight to guide his left-hand neighbour, who takes -it and adds a body. Again the slips are handed on for the final addition -of legs of any sort, some continuation being always indicated. - -[Illustration] - -Then these completed patchwork pictures are thrown into a central bowl, -shaken up, drawn out, and passed round for inspection and merry comment. -The folds are the dotted lines. - - -A HOUSEHOLD WORD - -The wounded and sick soldiers whom Florence Nightingale nursed so -tenderly in the Crimea would have acclaimed her beautiful anagram--“Flit -on, cheering angel!” - - -No. LXXII.--A WINTER NIGHT’S DREAM - -Mr Jolliboy, chubby and active, had been dancing until the small hours -at a house in the suburbs, which was the home of sweet Lucy, the lady of -his love. - -The full moon shone down upon him as he walked happily to his own modest -quarters, and the “man in the moon” seemed to smile and wink at him most -knowingly. - -[Illustration] - -Letting himself in presently with his latch-key, Mr Jolliboy was soon in -bed and fast asleep, when in his dreams the full moon shone again, -showing at one moment a likeness of his own round face, at another two -smiling profile views of his Lucy, and at times all the three mixed. - -Here, changed by a few touches, are the three moon-faces to be seen in -one moon! - - -When the great Tichborne trial was still dragging its slow length along, -a barrister with a turn for anagrams amused himself and his learned -friends by constructing the following really remarkable specimen:--Sir -Roger Charles Doughty Tichborne, Baronet, “Yon horrid butcher Orton, -biggest rascal here.” - - -No. LXXIII.--POINTS AND PICTURES - -Among the many openings for pleasant fun in the home circle, there is -none which appeals more easily to young and old than the good old puzzle -of drawing off-hand some fanciful figure, based on five dots placed at -random, which must fall on the face, hands, and feet of the subject -chosen. - -[Illustration] - -This spirited specimen shows how well it may be done, and similar -efforts, more or less successful, will provoke much amusement. Try it -with pencil or pen and ink. - - -ANOTHER BOAT-RACE ANAGRAM - -Among the many points which have to be taken into account by those who -in successive years are responsible for the selection of the Oxford -eight, there is one which is thus neatly expressed by an anagram:-- - - “The Oxford and Cambridge annual boat-race.” - - _Much extra load on board can bring a defeat._ - - -No. LXXIV.--A NERVOUS SHOCK - -This is the astounding portrait of himself, which presented itself to -our scientific professor in his dreams. What very poor justice it does -to the real lines of his benevolent and shrewd old countenance will be -seen in a moment if this weird picture is reversed. - -[Illustration] - - -HOLIDAY HAUNTS - -_Divination by Name_ - -Whenever we are making our plans, some of us for a holiday abroad, some -for a few weeks at the seaside, there is a special interest in these -descriptive anagrams:-- - - Davos Platz, Engadine. - “Stop, gaze, and live!” - - Weston-super-Mare, Somerset. - “A sweet open summer’s resort.” - -A very appropriate anagram that exactly describes its subject is -this:--Cleopatra’s Needle, London--“An old lone stone replaced.” Very -suggestive, too, are these short ones, which assure us that skeletons -are “not sleek,” and that editors are “so tired!” - - -No. LXXV.--HOGARTH’S PUZZLE - -A soldier, a dog, and a door can be thus drawn by only three strokes of -a pen:-- - -[Illustration] - -It is said that this originated with Hogarth, who made a bet with his -boon companions that he would draw a soldier, a dog, and a door in three -strokes. For the bayonet he drew a pike. - - -No. LXXVI.--A REBUS - -Why is this “Joker” like a poor joke? - -[Illustration] - -Because he is _in an E_ (inane). - - -Here are three ingenious instances of what may be called answers by -anagram:-- - -What is the protector of “wealth?” - - _The law._ - -Where would a “cart-horse” be unhandy? - - In an _orchestra_. - -What is the “Daily Express?” - - _Pressa die lux._ - Concise daily light. - (u is used for y.) - - -It is curious that Mary, a name so sweet and simple, has as its anagram -“army.” The conflicting thoughts suggested by these two words are very -happily harmonised by George Herbert in his quaint style:-- - - “How well her name an army doth present, - In whom the Lord of Hosts doth pitch His tent!” - - -No. LXXVII.--THREE SQUARES - -Here is quite a simple method of arranging nine matches so that they -represent three squares. - -[Illustration] - -The figure also includes at its sides two equilateral triangles. - - -A ROYAL ANAGRAM - -Victoria the First, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and Empress of -India. These letters also spell exactly:-- - - Fit for a bard I claim inspiréd strain:-- - The sad and even tenor of a quiet reign. - - -POLITICAL ANAGRAMS - -Here are two very perfect specimens:-- - - Earl Beaconsfield. - An able force is led_, - -or, - - _A free lance is bold_. - - -No. LXXVIII.--A TRANSPARENCY - -When the plebiscite was taken in France to decide whether Napoleon III. -should be Emperor, the number of votes cast in his favour was 7,119,791. -Against him there were 1,119,000 votes. - -[Illustration: 7119791/1119] - -If these numbers are written down quite plainly, as is shown above, with -a dividing line, and without the three cyphers, and the paper or card on -which they are strongly marked is reversed and held up against the -light, the very word with which they were concerned, “empereur,” stands -out with startling distinctness. - -It can be drawn on thin cardboard with good effect. - - -AN IMPERIAL ANAGRAM - - A sa Majesté impériale le Tsar Nicolas, souverain et autocrat de - toutes les Russies. - -The same letters exactly spell-- - - O, ta vanité sera ta perte. O, elle isole la Russie; tes successeurs - te maudiront à jamais! - -This most remarkable anagram was published in the early days of the -Crimean war. - - -This curiously apposite anagram was formed letter by letter from the -surnames of the Oxford and Cambridge crews:-- - -April first nineteen hundred and five. How all warm, as arms, strong as -light or dark blue crew’s, all ply oars on very smooth Thames! Oh! shall -Cam’s boat lose? - - -No. LXXIX.--FOR THE CHILDREN - -Here is an excellent and amusing pastime for the winter evenings. Cover -a square of stout cardboard with glazed black paper, and divide it as is -shown in this diagram:-- - -[Illustration] - -With a little ingenuity and some sense of fun, any number of grotesque -figures can be constructed with the pieces, such as those which we give -here as samples. Try it. - - -The truth that there is often much in common between puzzles and -politics is borne out by the following up-to-date anagram:--This Eastern -question--“Is quite a hornet’s nest.” - - -Quite a good anagram, appropriate to the name of a great author, and one -of his works runs thus:-- - - Charles Dickens: Oliver Twist. - “Now C. D. strikes till vice hears.” - - -Confessions of an Opium-Eater - -The same letters recast spell-- - - _If so man, refuse poison at once!_ - - -No. LXXX.--JUDGING DISTANCE - -(For the Children) - -Can you, without measuring, say which two of these posts are farthest -apart? - -[Illustration] - - -A JAPANESE ANAGRAM - - “Oyama is Field-Marshal.” - _Fame aid his loyal arms!_ - - -A TOPICAL ANAGRAM - - “North Sea outrage.” - _A ghost near route!_ - - -APPROPRIATE ANAGRAMS - - Madame Rachel. - _Deal me a charm._ - - A. Tennyson. - _Any sonnet._ - - -A FOURFOLD ANAGRAM - - “Notes and Queries” - _A question sender._ - _Enquires on dates._ - _Reasoned inquest._ - _I send on a request._ - - -No. LXXXI.--HIT IT HARD - -Place the two parts of a common wooden match-box, empty, and in good -condition, in the position shown below. - -[Illustration] - -Now challenge any one to break them with a smart downward blow of the -edge of the hand. What will happen? Try it. - -It is well to take care that no people are sitting, or children -standing, near the box, as it might fly into their faces. - - -An amusing sequence and a note of warning run through these three -anagrams:--Sweetheart, “There we sat;” Matrimony, “Into my arm;” One -hug, “Enough.” - - -No. LXXXII.--A RE-“BUS” - -The driver of a London ’bus the other day broke out into florid language -as he nearly collided with a brand new motor omnibus. - -[Illustration] - -One of the travesties of “motor-’bus” which he hurled at his rival is -depicted in this diagram. What was it? - - -A PRIZE ANAGRAM - -This letter-perfect anagram could not be more apposite if the words had -been chosen from a dictionary:--“Abdul Hamid Khan, Sultan of the Ottoman -Empire.”--“Inhuman despot, that maketh Armenia bloodful.” - - -The words in italics in-- - - One lovely _May morn it_ chanced that I set - My all on a new speculation; - But the venturesome step I can never regret, - For my prize has surpassed expectation, - -find in _Matrimony_ their anagram, which is also the solution of the -lines. - - -No. LXXXIII.--ROUSING DEAD DOGS - -A GOOD OLD PUZZLE - - These dogs are dead, we all should say; - Give them four strokes, they run away! - -[Illustration] - - -A MEAL OF ANAGRAMS - - Mute hen. - Your posset. - Try our steak. - One solid lamb. - Steamed or tossed. - Mince sole. - -This is solved thus:-- - - The Menu. - Oyster soup. - Roast turkey. - Boiled salmon. - Dressed tomatoes. - Lemon ices. - -Each corresponding sentence is a perfect anagram. - - -_Earl of Beaconsfield_ is spelt with the same letters as the sentence “O -able dealer in scoff!” - - -If a lion with an ear for music were to hear the sound of an “oratorio,” -he might say, as an answer by anagram, _I roar too_! - - -No. LXXXIV.--LIKE A BLACK SWAN - -(_Nigroque simillima cygno._) - -Here is quite a good “shadowgraph.” - -[Illustration] - -With a strong light and a little practice, any one may easily produce -this effect with the shadow thrown by arms and hands. - - -ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM - -What is Russia?--Russia _is ursa_ (a bear). - -What did a Prime Minister say of the _Saturday Review_? - - That _it was a very rude_ periodical. - - -BEANS AND BACON - -What appropriate advice might be given by anagram to those who support -the “Shakespeare-Bacon” controversy? - - _Soak cheaper beans._ - - -No. LXXXV.--CHEQUERS AND STRIPES - -Here is a particularly charming domino puzzle:-- - - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | 2 | | | | 3 | | | | 3 | - | | | | | | | | | | - | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 3 | - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | | | 1 | | | | 3 | | | - | | | | | | | | | | - | | | 4 | | | | 4 | | | - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | 1 | | | | 3 | | | | 5 | - | | | | | | | | | | - | 5 | | | | 5 | | | | 5 | - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | | | 3 | | | | 5 | | | - | | | | | | | | | | - | | | 6 | | | | 6 | | | - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - -Place any twenty stones, as is shown in the diagram, so that in every -row their fronts and backs alternate. How can you change the picture by -only two movements, so that, retaining its present form, you alter its -chequers into stripes? - - -The answer by anagram to--What helps to make “bakers fat?” is -_Breakfast_. - - -No. LXXXVI.--HANG THE MATCHES! - -Here is an amusing method of turning wax matches to quaint account:-- - -[Illustration] - -If the wax is slightly melted, and perhaps shredded for some effects, -all sorts of fanciful figures can be thus contrived. - - -ANSWER BY ANAGRAM - -What does an editor say to each “ream of paper?” _Appear for me._ - - -LEWIS CARROLL’S WILL PUZZLE - -Here is a most ingenious will puzzle, by Lewis Carroll, which will be -new to most of our readers. Each of the following five questions has to -be answered by a different sentence, nine letters long, and each -sentence is spelt with the same letters used in varied order:-- - - When are you going to make your will? - Shall I write it for you in pencil? - When may a man leave all his money to charities? - What did the uncle say when he heard this? - What did the nephew say when the uncle made him his heir? - -The anagram answers to the five questions in Lewis Carroll’s will puzzle -are as follows:-- - - When are you going to make your will? - _Now I think._ - Shall I write it for you in pencil? - _No, with ink._ - When may a man leave all his money to charities? - _With no kin._ - What did the uncle say when he heard this? - _Hint, I know._ - What did the nephew say when the uncle made him his heir? - _Think I won!_ - - -No. LXXXVII.--A PARROT CRY - -The good old Rebus-- - -[Illustration] - -may stand for the proverb-- - -“Honesty is the best policy.” (On ST is the best poll I see!) - - -No. LXXXVIII.--A PICTURE PUZZLE - -Can you find eight animals that are concealed in this wood? - -[Illustration] - - -If we may go by its anagram the _gardenia_ needs careful “drainage.” - - -DEFINITIONS BY ANAGRAM - - What is the “soldiers’” anagram? - _Lo I dress._ - - What motto befits “Christianity?” - _I cry that I sin._ - - -No. LXXXIX.--A SHADOWGRAPH - -Here is a good old sample of an effect produced by supple fingers in a -strong light on the wall:-- - -[Illustration] - -Adjust the fingers as is shown, so as to secure the bright spot for the -eye, and then life-like movements can easily be made with legs and ears. - - -The characteristic for the moment of the gaol-bird who began to tear his -clothing, crying out, “I mean to rend it!” was _determination_, which -contains exactly the same letters. - - -Those who, according to their anagram, are best equipped for a “sea -trip” are _Pirates_. - - -AN ANSWER BY ANAGRAM - -What is most unlike a festival?--_Evil fast_. - - -The three words in italics in the verse below form also a long single -word, of which the lines themselves give a vivid description:-- - - While many greet the friends they meet, - I know no face, I press no hand. - Though busy feet may throng the street, - I _sit alone, sirs_, in the land. - - “Solitariness.” - - -No. XC.--A REBUS - -Can you interpret this word-picture? - -[Illustration] - -It represents the name of a famous man. - - -ANSWER BY ANAGRAM - - Should you wish to go by rail, - Hasten to the station; - “Train on time” can never fail - To reach its destination. - If you need a further clue - Keep your journey’s end in view. - - _Termination._ - - -We may expect to find “Anarchists” involved _in rash acts_ according to -their anagram. - - -When his patient has recovered, a “surgeon,” can say by anagram _go -nurse_! - - -ANSWER BY ANAGRAM - -What momentous event of the last century forms in two words an anagram -of the three words appropriate to it, “violence run forth?” - - _French Revolution._ - - -No. XCI.--ON THE WALL - -Here is a picturesque head, which in a strong light can be thrown upon -the wall by anyone who is handy with his fingers. - -[Illustration] - -The peaked cap seems to suggest a French soldier. - - -ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM - -What manner of men has “Eton” produced? - - Men of _tone_ and _note_. - -What worries the “postman?” - - _No stamp._ - -What are to be seen at “Epsom Races?” - - _Some pacers._ - - -No. XCII.--ILLUSTRATED EGGS - -As an excellent illustration of how much expression can be given by -quite a few simple lines, if the pen or pencil is in artistic hands, we -give the outlines of half a dozen eggs, on which by a few deft touches -varied emotions of the human face are cleverly depicted. - -[Illustration] - -Here is a hint for fun in the home circle, with a basket of eggs, a -sheaf of pencils, and a prize for the best rapid design. There is room -for two contrasting faces on each egg. - - -ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM - -What did “Henry Wadsworth Longfellow” do for America? - - He _Won half the New World’s glory_. - -What was the happy result of patriotic “sentiment” in our colonies -during the Boer war? - - _It sent men._ - - -No. XCIII.--THE FIVE STRAWS - -Take five straws, each about four inches long, and a shilling, and -arrange them so that by holding an end of one of the straws you can lift -them all. - -[Illustration] - -The diagram given above shows how, by properly interlacing the five -straws, the shilling may be so inserted as to form a wedge which locks -them all together. - - -ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM - -What can you say when using a “fire-escape?” - - _I creep safe._ - - -What is the extreme of “slow reading?” - - _A single word._ - - -How might a “Poorhouse” in olden days have been described by its own -letters?--_O sour hope!_ - - -What is “Old England” to her sons and daughters?--_Golden land._ - - -The battle of “Inkermann” tells by its anagram of _men in rank_. - - -No. XCIV.--EQUIVALENT REDISTRIBUTION - -In the problem known as “The Flighty Nuns,” the Abbess in the central -cell was satisfied so long as she could count nine of her charges in the -cells on each of the four sides. Here are diagrams which show how the -thirty-six inmates could on these terms absent themselves without -discovery, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 16, and even 18 at a time by re-arrangement -of their numbers in the cells. - - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |0|9|0| |1|8|0| |2|5|2| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |9|A|9| |8|A|8| |5|A|5| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |0|9|0| |0|8|1| |2|5|2| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |2|5|2| |2|4|3| |3|3|3| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |5|A|5| |4|A|4| |3|A|3| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |2|5|2| |3|4|2| |3|3|3| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |2|2|5| |4|1|4| |5|0|4| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |2|A|2| |1|A|1| |0|A|0| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - |5|2|2| |4|1|4| |4|0|5| - +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ +-+-+-+ - - -The clue by anagram to those in search of “hidden treasure” who sought -to discover a dish-cover is _dish under a tree_. - - -No. XCV.--THE PUZZLED CARPENTER - -To stop a serious leak a carpenter sought for a board a foot square. The -only piece he could find was two feet square, but it was pierced with -sixteen holes, as in the diagram below:-- - -[Illustration] - -How did he contrive to cut a square from this of the necessary size? - - -The answer by anagram to “What should we all welcome, if the Chancellor -of the Exchequer could ‘introduce’ it into his Budget?” is _reduction_. - - -Things that we know to be “transient” must be looked at, according to -their anagram, _instanter_. - - -A MUSICAL ANAGRAM - -Sweet Mary, the Maid of the Mill, arranged an ingenious signal by song, -by which, in olden days, she could assure her father that all was well -when mischief was abroad. If he heard her singing, “Do, re, mi, fa, sol, -la, si,” he was sure that nothing was amiss. When these syllables are -shaken up, and recast as an anagram, what reassuring sentence do they -form? - -The musical syllables, sung as a reassuring signal to her father, by -Mary, the Maid of the Mill, “Do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si,” when shaken -up and recast as an anagram form the sentence “A mill door is safe.” - - -No. XCVI.--NOT EASY WHEN YOU KNOW - -Of the many “match puzzles” the following seems to be the most confusing -to the ordinary solver, and any variation of its original position is -enough to create fresh confusion. - - +-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | - | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | - | | | | - +-----+ +-----+ - -Re-arrange three of these matches and form four squares. - - -The enigma anagram-- - - They were orthodox as beadles, - But in business tricks and wheedles - They were “sharp I see” as needles-- - -is solved by _Pharisees_. - - -The question--Where did we buy “our fancy mat?”--is answered by anagram -at the _manufactory_. - - -No. XCVII.--SIMPLICITY - -Construct this figure with five matches:-- - - /\ - / \ - / \ - ---- - \ / - \ / - \/ - -Remove three of the matches, and then replace two of them so as to form -a similar figure. - - -A common and much-appreciated “dose at meat shop” is, according to its -anagram, _mashed potatoes_. - - -Tiglath-Pileser was the name of the king which can be resolved into the -anagram, “I till the grapes.” - - -“Art? I begin art!” is an anagram for _Great Britain_. - - -If heartily administered, _nine thumps_, the anagram of “punishment,” -would fall deservedly upon the shoulders of a wife-beater. - - -ANSWER BY ANAGRAM - -Our strongest “armaments” are _men-at-arms_. - - -No. XCVIII.--OVER THE WINE AND WALNUTS - -Can you build a bridge with three wooden matches, which shall connect -three wine-glasses, and be solid enough to support a fourth set upon it? - -[Illustration] - -This picture shows how it is to be done. - - -The _elephant_, according to its anagram, is the animal to which the -command “Leap then!” would be the least appropriate. - - -The answer by anagram to “Whom should we employ to make ‘alterations’ in -our overcoats?” is _Neat tailors_. - - -Where do we go to remedy “disease?” - - To the _seaside_. - -Who should make a good “manager?” - - _A German._ - - -No. XCIX.--FROM THE MATCHBOX - -Here is quite a simple match problem:-- - - ----- ----- ----- - | | | | - | | | | - ----- ----- ----- - | | | | - | | | | - ----- ----- ----- - | | | | - | | | | - ----- ----- ----- - -Can you remove eight of these matches, that now form nine squares, so as -to leave only two squares upon the table? - - -When Cato and Chloe, at the Popular Café, decided to order for their -afternoon tea a pot of what is formed by the mixture of the letters of -their names, they called for _Chocolate_. - - -The answer by anagram to “Why may the scenery round Bournemouth be said -to be ‘quite spruce’?” is--because it is _picturesque_. - - -Lord Roberts’ motto, “Virtute et Valore,” is by its anagram _True to -avert evil_, a happy indication of his character. - - -No. C.--LIFT NINE WITH ONE - -To arrange ten matches on a table, so that with one hand you can lift -nine of them with the tenth, lay them, as is shown in Fig. 1, with the -heads of eight pillowed on one, and pointing in opposite directions, and -the tenth placed across the ridge at the top. - -[Illustration: Fig. 1] - -[Illustration: Fig. 2] - -Then lift all, as shown in Fig. 2. - - -A MAN HIS OWN ANAGRAM - -The enigma-- - - Behold in me a man forlorn, - Who, though with sound limbs he was born, - His anagram alas is! - For he has found out to his cost, - While all his nimbleness is lost, - How slippery wet grass is! - -is solved by _Male, lame_. - - -The answer by anagram to the question, “Whom do ‘our big hens’ -frequently annoy?” is _neighbours_. - - -No. CI.--FREEHAND DRAWING - -This is the way to draw in three strokes an old woman looking out of a -window:-- - -[Illustration] - - -Here is a puzzle anagram:-- - - Tell how to spell my name, - As on the stall you spy me, - For the letters are the same - Which bid you how to buy me. - - _Peach--cheap._ - - -The eglantine is the flower which quite contradicts its anagram, -_inelegant_. - - -The touching epitaph in memory of little Alice formed from the letters -of her name was _à ciel_! - - -No. CII.--A NOTABLE ANAGRAM - - sparkle - +-------+ - | Cats | - we | on | on. - | Truck | - +-------+ - Yes! - -Treated as an anagram the words “Cats on truck” can be recast into _Nuts -to crack_, and the surrounding motto, “Yes! we sparkle on” into -_Pearsons Weekly_; so that the whole design resolves itself into--_Nuts -to crack, in Pearson’s Weekly_. - - -The old saying that a man who is his own doctor has a fool for his -patient, seems to be borne out by the curious fact that the words, -“Dangers of amateur physicking,” resolve themselves into the perfect -anagram--“_The sick men pay for drugs again_.” - - -A ’VARSITY ANAGRAM - - What every “undergraduate” hates-- - - _A great rude dun_. - - -The food for a crocodile which seems to be indicated by its name is -_cool’d rice_! - - -No. CIII.--WITH DRAWN SWORD - -Here is a very simple and ingenious method of representing roughly an -officer with drawn sword. - -[Illustration] - -Six wax vestas, shredded to form the hair and sword-belt, are fastened -together by the application of a little heat. - -Anyone with handy fingers and an ingenious turn of mind can easily -construct other quaint figures in this style. - - -“Time and tide wait for no man.” - -ITS ANAGRAMS - -A fine mandate to mind, I trow. - -_and_ - -A firm intent made, a “do it now.” - - -No. CIV.--SHADOWGRAPHS - -Here are three excellent shadowgraphs, which can be produced with good -effect by flexible fingers in a strong light on the wall. - -[Illustration] - - -“Norway’s Olaf is in old England.” - -ITS ANAGRAMS - - Elf-lad, so loyal and so winning. - - A darling son and noisy fellow. - - Of winning lads, lead, royal son! - - On London’s air wing safely lad. - - -ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM - - Why should _city life_ be happy? - - Because the same letters spell _felicity_. - - -What is the best proof that “real stickphast paste sticks?” - -The same letters spell--_Keep this, stick scraps at last_! - - -ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM - -What place have our puzzles “in magic tale?” - - They are _enigmatical_. - - -What great assembly would seem from its name to consist of “partial -men?” - - _Parliament._ - - -CHARACTER BY ANAGRAM - -What did Douglas Jerrold, by his name anagram, declare himself to be? - - _Sure, a droll dog I!_ (_i for j_) - - -What in the old-fashioned days caused “the wig” to be discarded? - - _Weight._ - - -The following curious peace anagrams are appropriate in these days of -disturbance. Each set of words between inverted commas contain exactly -the same letters:-- - - “To escape fray” I ever “stay for peace,” - In “quiet times,” too, “I’m quite set” at ease: - Let no “vile words” provoke the “evil sword,” - Lest “red war” come, and bring its own “reward.” - - -Why does the old proverb “Birds of a feather flock together” form a -mystic link between us and our cousins in America? - -Because the same letters recast spell out the patriotic sentence, _It -rocks the broad flag of the free_! - - -What, by their anagram, are “platitudes?” - - _Stupid tales._ - - -Why is there a measure to “disappointment?” - - Because it is _made in pint pots_. - - -What is the purpose of a “catalogue?” - - It is _got as a clue_. - - -If “porcus” is Latin for pig, what is Latin for its body? - - _Corpus._ - - -What may “laudation” easily become? - - _Adulation._ - - -What is “revolution?” - - _To love ruin._ - - -Define “The Griffin” (Temple Bar). - - _Fine fright._ - - -Why is there room for variety in “twelve sentences?” - - Because we can _select new events_. - - -How do we know that “potatoes” in the singular should not have an “e” at -the end? - - Because they spell _O stop at e_! - - -What should be done to a “misanthrope?” - - _Spare him not._ - - -What was the owl of “Minerva?” - - _A vermin!_ - - - These, wherever they are found, - Cluster lightly overhead. - Should you chance to turn them round - Blows may tell of weight instead. - Twisted in a foreign tongue, - You will see them as they are. - Changed again they need a bung - When you move them full and far. - -This is solved by the anagram words _nuts_, _stun_, _sunt_, _tuns_. -(_Sunt_ is Latin for “they are.”) - - -IPSISSIMA VERBA - -A discussion arose one day, in the winter season, between several -members of a West-end Club, as to the value of flannel underwear. A -London physician, who was appealed to, upheld the need for this, and it -was afterwards found that his name, Alfred James Andrew Lennane, treated -as an anagram, becomes “Man needs aired flannel wear.” This was -singular, but a much more curious coincidence of similar sort was -discovered by an expert in anagrams. - -Another member took quite an opposite view, and declared that all should -wear linen. By a wonderful chance his name, Edward Bernard Kinsila, -resolves itself into the _actual words_ that came from his lips--“A -d---- bad risk Dr., wear linen!” - - -A CHRISTMAS CARD - - | | - -+----------------------------------+- - | AN ANAGRAM | - | | - |“Christmas comes but once a year.”| - |So by Christ came a rescue to man.| - -+----------------------------------+- - | | - - -PALINDROMES - -OR - -SENTENCES THAT READ BOTH WAYS - - -NAPOLEON’S PALINDROME - - Able was I ere I saw Elba. - - -ADAM AND EVE’S PALINDROME - - Madam, I’m Adam! - - -When Charles Grant, Colonial Secretary, was made Lord Glenelg, in 1835, -he was called Mr Facing-both-ways, because his title Glenelg was a -perfect palindrome, that could be read with the same result from either -end. - -It was a member of the same family who sought to prove the antiquity of -his race by altering an “i” into an “r” in his family Bible, so that the -text ran, “there were Grants on the earth in those days.” - - -A GOOD PALINDROME - -“Roma, ibi tibi sedes, ibi tibi amor,” which may be rendered, “At Rome -you live, at Rome you love;” is a sentence which reads alike from either -end. - - -A QUAINT PALINDROME - - Eve damned Eden, mad Eve! - -This sentence reads alike from either end. - - -A good specimen of a palindrome is this German saying that can be read -from either end:-- - - Bei Leid lieh stets Heil die Lieb - (In trouble comfort is lent by love.) - - -Here are some ingenious palindromes, which can be read from either -end:-- - -Repel evil as a live leper. - -Dog, as a devil deified, lived as a god. - -Do Good’s deeds live never even? Evil’s deeds do O God! - - -A SCHOOLBOY’S PALINDROME - - “Subi dura a rudibus” - -“I have, endured roughness from the rod” which can be read alike from -either end. - - -Very notable as a long palindrome, even if it is not true record of the -great surgeon’s experience, is this quaint sentence:--“Paget saw an -Irish tooth, sir, in a waste gap.” - - -A PEACE PALINDROME - - Snug & raw was I ere I saw war & guns. - -This sentence reads alike from either end. - - -A PALINDROME PUZZLE - - A turning point in every day, - Reversed I do not alter. - One half of me says haste away! - The other bids me falter.--_Noon._ - - -Very remarkable for its length and good sense combined is the following -palindrome, which can be read from either end with the same -result:--“No, it is opposed, art sees trades opposition.” - - -A PERFECT PALINDROME - -Perhaps the most perfect of English palindromes is the excellent adage-- - - “Egad, a base tone denotes a bad age.” - - -Here is the most remarkable Latin palindrome on record:-- - - SATOR AREPO TENET OPERA ROTAS - -Its distinguishing peculiarity is that the first letters of each -successive word unite to form the first word, the second letters spell -the second word, and so on throughout the five words; and as the whole -sentence is a perfect palindrome, this is also true on reversal. - -[Illustration] - - -SOLUTIONS - - -No. III.--A BOOK AND ITS AUTHOR - -The well-known book and its author which are represented by - -[Illustration: A||] - -are “Innocents Abroad,” by Mark Twain. (In no sense A broad, by mark -twain.) - - -No. IV.--ON THE SHUTTERS - - +-----------------+-----------------+ - | No.|I | - | JOHN MAR|SHALL | - | IN ATTEN|DANCE | - | FROM 8 A.M.|DAILY | - | BARBER|AND | - | HAIR C|UTTER | - | THE BALD CRY A|LOUD | - | FOR HI|S CREAMS | - | AS DISPLAYED|IN THIS WINDOW | - |WHICH MAKE HAIR G|LISTEN | - | CLOSES|AFTER 8 P.M. | - +-----------------+-----------------+ - -The shutter on the left blew open, leaving the other to tell its strange -tale. - - -No. VI.--SOLVITUR AMBULANDO - -A man, tracing step by step the various readings of ROTATOR on this -chequered floor, can exhaust all of them, according to the arrangement -on our diagram, in 21,648 steps, spelling out the word as he goes in the -many directions 3608 separate times! - - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| O | T | A | T | O |=R=| - +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ - -This large total is due mainly to the fact that ROTATOR is a palindrome, -and lends itself to both backward and forward reading. The man, a -veritable rotator, will thus have walked more than four miles within a -compass of one hundred and forty-four square feet. - - -No. VIII.--AN OLD SAMPLER - - | | - -+----------------------------+- - | AL. IT. | - |T.L. EW. O. MA! | - |N.T. Ho! UGH AVE. Ryli. | - |T.T. Let. Hi! N.G.I. | - |S.S. We. Et. Erf. Art. Ha!| - |N.S. Ug. Ara. N.D.F. Lo! | - |W.E. R.S.T. Ha! TB. | - |L.O. O! Mins. Pri. | - | N. G. | - -+----------------------------+- - | | - -The cross-stitch legend on the old sampler, if its letters are read in -regular sequence, runs thus:-- - - A little woman, though a very little thing, - Is sweeter far than sugar, and flowers that bloom in spring. - - -No. XII.--STRIKE A BALANCE - -This diagram shows how, while the odd and even numbers of the nine -digits add up to 25 and 20 respectively, they can be arranged in two -groups so that the odd and the even add up to exactly the same sum. - - +----------------------+ - /| |\ - +-+----------------------+-+ - | | 1 | | - | | 3 2 | | - | | 5 4 | | - | | 7 6 79 | | - | | 9 8 5¹⁄₃ 84²⁄₆ | | - | | -- -- ----- ----- | | - | | 25 20 84¹⁄₃ 84¹⁄₃ | | - | | ==================== | | - +-+----------------------+-+ - \| |/ - +----------------------+ - - -No. XIII.--PUZZLE LINES - -The puzzle lines-- - - HKISTA! - MRS LR’S SR - MR LR KRS. - “BLR MR LR!” - MRS LR HRS-- - -when read according to the usual pronunciation of Mr and Mrs, and taking -the title from the Greek, become, by affinity of sound-- - - _He kissed her!_ - Mrs Lister’s sister - Mr Lister kisses. - “Blister Mr Lister!” - Mrs Lister hisses. - - -No. XIV.--IN MEMORIAM - -The puzzle epitaph-- - - | | - -+-------------------------+- - |WEON . CEW . ERET . WO | - |WET . WOM . ADEO . NE | - |NON . EFIN . DUST . WO | - |NO . WLI . FEB . EGO . NE| - | WILLIAM and MARGARET | - | TAYLOR | - | Anno Domini 1665 | - -+-------------------------+- - | | - -reads thus-- - - We once were two, - We two made one. - None find us two - Now life be gone. - - -No. XVI.--A QUAINT EPITAPH - - | | - -+------------------------------+- - |IT - OBIT - MORTI - MERA| - |PUBLI - CANO - FACTO - NAM | - |AT - RES - T - M - ANNO - XXX | - |ALETHA - TE - VERITAS | - |TE - DE - QUA - LV - VASTO | - |MI - NE - A - JOVI - ALTO | - |PERAGO - O - DO - NE - AT | - |STO - UT - IN - A - POTOR - AC| - |AN - IV - VAS - NE - VER - A | - | =R - I - P= | - -+------------------------------+- - | | - -reads into English thus:-- - -“I Tobit Mortimer, a publican of Acton, am at rest. Man, no treble X ale -that ever I tasted equal was to mine. A jovial toper, a good one at -stout in a pot or a can, I was never a rip!” - - -No. XIX.--SHAKESPEARE RECAST - -If you start with the first =T= in this combination, and then take every -third letter-- - - +----------------------+ - |HOUSE.CANOE.AFTER. | - |HOUR.PRINT.CAVE.CHILD | - |SASH.SLEVE.ACORN. | - |AMPLE.SAD.TATTA.HENA | - |MAT.ACHE.CAKE.TACHES, | - |HELIAC.SACQUE.USUAL. | - |ARBOR.SEE.MULCH.JACUR.| - | USE.STOP. | - +----------------------+ - -you will form the popular quotation, “Thrice is he armed that hath his -quarrel just.” - - -No. XX.--A DOUBLE ACROSTIC - -The excellent double Acrostic-- - - An old Italian bird we know - Whose heart was ever touched by snow. - - 1. None can press me without pain, - Pressure is against the grain. - 2. I am a king without my head. - 3. Here is another king instead. - -is solved thus:-- - -CORNIX - - 1. C or N - 2. (R) O -- I - 3. R e X - -We may tell those of our readers who have not studied the dead languages -that _cornix_ is the Latin for a crow, and that the word can be broken -up into _cor_, heart, and _nix_, snow, while _rex_ is, of course, a king -in Latin, as _roi_ is in French. The double meaning of corn is brought -out by “against the grain.” - - -No. XXI.--HIDDEN PROVERBS - -The five hidden proverbs are:-- - - “A rolling stone gathers no moss.” - - “Too many cooks spoil the broth.” - - “A live dog is more to be feared than a dead lion.” - - “You cannot eat your cake and have it.” - - “Peace hath her victories no less renowned than war.” - -Start from the central A, and work round and round. - - -No. XXVII.--WAS IT VOLAPÜK? - -Read backwards it becomes “Old birds are not caught with chaff.” - - -No. XXVIII.--ANOTHER EPITAPH - -(_On an Old Pie Woman_) - - BENE AT hint HEDU S.T.T.H. emo Uldy O - L.D.C. RUSTO F.N.E. L.L.B. - AC. hel orl AT Ely - W ASS hove N.W. how ASS Kill’d - Int heart SOF pi escu Star - D. sand Tart Sand K N ewe, - Ver yus E oft he ove N.W. Hens he - ’Dliv’ Dlon geno - UG H.S. hem Ade he R la STP uffap - UF FBY HE RHU - S. B an D. M. - Uchp R.A. is ’D no Wheres He dot - H L. i.e. TOM a Kead I.R.T.P. Iein hop est - Hat he R.C. Rust W I - L.L.B. ERA IS’D----! - -This puzzle epitaph, written aright, runs thus:-- - - Beneath in the dust the mouldy old crust - Of Nell Bachelor lately was shoven, - Who was skilled in the arts of pies, custards, and tarts, - And knew every use of the oven. - - When she’d liv’d long enough she made her last puff, - A puff by her husband much prais’d; - Now here she doth lie to make a dirt pie, - In hopes that her crust may be rais’d. - - -No. XXXI.--BY LEAPS AND BOUNDS - - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | tle | to | a |cat- |life | and |live | In | - | | | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | By | tle | ow- |bro | of | non |tle |fall | - | | | |wse | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | ter |tur- | gain| like|land |one’s|quiet| And | - | | | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | of | ar | Bet-| me | and |Than | a- |bat- | - | | m | | ad- | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - |bask | Be | lau-| or | tle |ness |done |wan- | - | | t- | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | rel | let |Than |die |With | der | of | smo | - | | | | | | | | ke | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | ter | in |brain|myr- | on | and |har- | un- | - | | | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | | | | | | - | Ch | or |to |sun |with |work | In |heat | - | ap- | | | | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ - -The “Knight’s Tour” verses run as follows:-- - - Better to die with harness on - In smoke and heat of battle, - Than wander and browse, and fall anon - In quiet of meadow-land cattle. - Better to gain, by arm or brain, - Chaplet of laurel or myrtle, - Than bask in sun, with work undone, - And live one’s life like a turtle, - -beginning with “Bet,” and ending in the top left-hand corner. - - -No. XXXII.--A BROKEN SQUARE - -The Broken Word Square is made perfect thus-- - - S O B E R - O L I V E - B I S O N - E V O K E - R E N E W - - -No. XXXIII.--A KNIGHT’S TOUR PROVERB - - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | | | | | | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | | | |E| | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | |E| | | |T| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | | |L|H| | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | |E| |R| |S| | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | |E|A|S| | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |D| |E| |O| |S| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | | |S|P| |M| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - -To solve the “Knight’s Tour” proverb start with M, and by a succession -of moves, as of a knight on the chess-board, you can spell out the -proverb “More haste less speed.” - - -No. XXXIV.--GUARINI’S PROBLEM - -The solution of Guarini’s Problem, to transpose the positions of the -white and black knights on the subjoined diagram on which they appear, -is made clear by following the moves on the lettered diagram:-- - - +---+---+---+ - | N |...| N | - +---+---+---+ - |...| |...| - +---+---+---+ - | n |...| n | - +---+---+---+ - - +---+---+---+ - | a | C | d | - +---+---+---+ - | D | | B | - +---+---+---+ - | b | A | c | - +---+---+---+ - -First move the pieces from a to A, from b to B, from c to C, and from d -to D. Then move them from A to d, from B to a, from C to b, and from D -to c. The effect so far is as if the original square had been rotated -through one right angle. Repeat the same sequence of moves, and the -required change of positions is completed. - - -No. XXXV.--AN ANAGRAM SQUARE - -This is the solution of the Word Square. - - +-------------+ - | A M E N D S | - | M I N I O N | - | E N A B L E | - | N I B B L E | - | D O L L A R | - | S N E E R S | - +-------------+ - - -No. XXXVII.--A KNIGHT’S TOUR - -The letters on the board below, read aright in the order of a Knight’s -moves at chess, starting from the most central E form the following -popular proverb:-- - - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |R|L|T|E|Y|L|R|O| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |Y|H|L|T|O|B|T|A| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |T|A|A|A| |H|T|I| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |E|L| |E|I|N|E|O| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |D|H|W| |Y|E|S|Y| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |R|T|E|S|D| |B|W| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |Y|N|E|S|N|D|A|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |H|A|A|A|W|I|D|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - - “Early to bed, and early to rise, - Is the way to be healthy, and wealthy, and wise.” - - -No. XXXVIII.--A WORD SQUARE - -Dr Puzzlewitz completed his Word Square thus:-- - - E R A S E - R A V E N - A V E R T - S E R V E - E N T E R - - -No. XXXIX.--THE SQUAREST WORD - -This is completed thus:-- - - D E L F - E V I L - L I V E - F L E D - -It will be seen that there are four distinct readings of each word. - - -No. XL.--A PUZZLE DIAMOND - -The Diamond is completed thus:-- - - D - T I P - T I A R A - D I A M O N D - P R O U D - A N D - D - - -No. XLI.--A DEFECTIVE DIAMOND - -The Defective Diamond is completed thus:-- - - S - G E M - P E R I L - G E N E R A L - S E R E N A D E R - M I R A C L E - L A D L E - L E E - R - - -No. XLIII.--LETTER PUZZLE - -The word is _Level_, filled in thus:-- - - L E V E L - E E E E - V V V - E E E E - L E V E L - - -No. XLVII.--THE CIRCLE SQUARED - -The Circle can be squared thus:-- - - C I R C L E - I N U R E S - R U L E S T - C R E A S E - L E S S E E - E S T E E M - - -No. XLVIII.--A BROKEN SQUARE - -This is the completed Square:-- - - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |B|O|A|S|T|E|R| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |O|B|S|C|E|N|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |A|S|S|E|R|T|S| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |S|C|E|P|T|R|E| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |T|E|R|T|I|A|N| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |E|N|T|R|A|N|T| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |R|E|S|E|N|T|S| - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - - -No. XLIX.--A CARD PROBLEM - -Here is the arrangement of the aces, kings, queens, and knaves of a pack -of cards in a kind of Magic Square:-- - - +--------+--------+--------+--------+ - | CLUBS | SPADES | HEARTS |DIAMONDS| - | ACE | KING | QUEEN | KNAVE | - +--------+--------+--------+--------+ - |HEARTS |DIAMONDS| CLUBS | SPADES | - | KNAVE | QUEEN | KING | ACE | - +--------+--------+--------+--------+ - |DIAMONDS| HEARTS | SPADES | CLUBS | - | KING | ACE | KNAVE | QUEEN | - +--------+--------+--------+--------+ - | SPADES | CLUBS |DIAMONDS| HEARTS | - | QUEEN | KNAVE | ACE | KING | - +--------+--------+--------+--------+ - -In each row, column, and diagonal, one, and one only, of the four suits -and of the four denominations is represented. - - -No. L.--TURF-CUTTING - -The eight thin strips of turf, cut from my lawn to form the four sides -of two square rose-borders, can be placed on a level surface of soil -thus without being broken or bent:-- - -[Illustration] - -This forms a framework for the three flower-beds of similar shape and -size. - - -No. LI.--A READY RECKONER - -The gardener decided that the water-butt was more than half-full thus:-- - -[Illustration] - -He tilted it steadily, and some of the water ran over its edge before -the bottom corner _A_ came into sight; but as soon as the water level -stood at _A B_ the cask was exactly half full. - - -No. LII.--A TRANSFORMATION - -The flat-headed 3 can be turned into a 5 by one continuous line, without -scratching out any portion of the 3, by treating the flat top of the 3 -as part of a square drawn round the 5, thus:-- - -[Illustration] - - -No. LIII.--A CLEAR COURSE - -Here is a list of ninety-two positions, in which eight pieces can be -placed upon the chess or draughtboard so that each has a clear course in -every direction. - - ++==+====+====+==+====+====+==+====+====+==+====+====++ - || 1|1586|3724|24|3681|5724|47|5146|8273|70|6318|5247|| - || 2|1683|7425|25|3682|4175|48|5184|2736|71|6357|1428|| - || 3|1746|8253|26|3728|5146|49|5186|3724|72|6358|1427|| - || 4|1758|2463|27|3728|6415|50|5246|8317|73|6372|4815|| - || 5|2468|3175|28|3847|1625|51|5247|3861|74|6372|8514|| - || 6|2571|3864|29|4158|2736|52|5261|7483|75|6374|1825|| - || 7|2574|1863|30|4158|6372|53|5281|4736|76|6415|8273|| - || 8|2617|4835|31|4258|6137|54|5316|8247|77|6428|5713|| - || 9|2683|1475|32|4273|6815|55|5317|2864|78|6471|3528|| - ||10|2736|8514|33|4273|6851|56|5384|7162|79|6471|8253|| - ||11|2758|1463|34|4275|1863|57|5713|8642|80|6824|1753|| - ||12|2861|3574|35|4285|7136|58|5714|2863|81|7138|6425|| - ||13|3175|8246|36|4286|1357|59|5724|8136|82|7241|8536|| - ||14|3528|1746|37|4615|2837|60|5726|3148|83|7263|1485|| - ||15|3528|6471|38|4682|7135|61|5726|3184|84|7316|8524|| - ||16|3571|4286|39|4683|1752|62|5741|3862|85|7382|5164|| - ||17|3584|1726|40|4718|5263|63|5841|3627|86|7425|8136|| - ||18|3625|8174|41|4738|2516|64|5841|7263|87|7428|6135|| - ||19|3627|1485|42|4752|6138|65|6152|8374|88|7531|6824|| - ||20|3627|5184|43|4753|1682|66|6271|3584|89|8241|7536|| - ||21|3641|8572|44|4813|6275|67|6271|4853|90|8253|1746|| - ||22|3642|8571|45|4815|7263|68|6317|5824|91|8316|2574|| - ||23|3681|4752|46|4853|1726|69|6318|4275|92|8413|6275|| - ++==+====+====+==+====+====+==+====+====+==+====+====++ - -The numbers indicate the position on the eight successive columns of the -cells on which the men are to be placed. Of course, many similar -arrangements arise from merely turning the board. - - -No. LIV.--QUARRELSOME NEIGHBOURS - -This diagram shows, by the dotted lines, how the three unfriendly -neighbours made the covered pathways to their gates, so that they might -never meet or cross each other’s paths. - -[Illustration] - - -No. LVI.--THE CROSS KEYS - -The Cross Keys puzzle when put together takes the form shown below. - -[Illustration] - -The method is as follows:--Hold _a_ upright between forefinger and thumb -of left hand. With the right hand push _b_ through the slot until the -further edge of the middle slot is nearly even with the outer edge of -_a_. Then lower _c_, held with the short arm of the cross nearest to -you, over the top of _a_, so that the central portion passes through the -cross cut in _b_. Finally push _b_ towards the centre, until the -transverse cut is hidden, and the puzzle is completed. - - -No. LVII.--THE NABOB’S DIAMONDS - -When the children of the Indian Nabob divided his diamonds, the first -taking one stone and a seventh of the remainder, the second two stones -and a seventh of what was left, the third three under similar -conditions, and so on till all were taken, there were 36 diamonds and 6 -children. - -The division is prettily illustrated thus:-- - - ○○○○○ - ○○○○○● ○○○○○ - ○○○○○● ○○○○○ - ○○○○○● ○○○○○ - ○○○○○● ○○○○○ - ○○○○○● ○○○○○ - ○○○○○● ●●●●●● - - ○○○○ - ○○○○● ○○○○ - ○○○○● ○○○○ - ○○○○● ○○○○ - ○○○○● ○○○○ - ○○○○● ○○○○ - ○○○○● ●●●●●● - - ○○○ - ○○○● ○○○ - ○○○● ○○○ - ○○○● ○○○ - ○○○● ○○○ - ○○○● ○○○ - ○○○● ●●●●●● - -This shows how the first three took their shares, indicated by black -dots, the remainder being carried down each time, and by similar process -three more claimants would exhaust all the diamonds. - - -No. LVIII.--A CARD CHAIN - -To solve the Card Chain puzzle take a card about 5 in. by 3 in., as -shown below, draw a light pencil line from _A_ to _B_ and from _C_ to -_D_, lay the card in water till you can split its edges down to the -pencil lines, and put it aside to dry. - -With a sharp knife cut quite through the straight lines, but only half -through the dotted lines on the split edges. The corresponding figures -show the bar of each link, marking its two parts, which are connected by -the upper and under halves of the split portion. A little patient -ingenuity will now release link after link, and thus complete the chain. - -[Illustration] - - -No. LIX.--STRAY DOTS - - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /|\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----+--+--+-----+-----●-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \|/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /|\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----●--+--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \|/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /|\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----●-----+-----+--+--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \|/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /|\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----+--+--●-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \|/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--●--+ - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /|\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----+--+--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \|/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /|\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--●-----+-----+-----+--+--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \|/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /|\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----●-----+--+--+-----+-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \|/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - |\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /|\ | / \ | / \ | / \ | /| - +--+-----+-----+-----+--+--+-----●-----+-----+--+ - |/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \|/ | \ / | \ / | \ / | \| - +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+ - - -No. LX.--THE OPEN DOOR - - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |A | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | | - + + + + + + + + + - | x | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - -The prisoner who is placed in the cell marked A, and is promised his -liberty if he can reach the door at _X_ by passing through all the -cells, entering each once only, gains his freedom by passing from _A_ to -the cell below, and thence _returning_ to _A_, and leaving it again _by -the other door_; his further course then is quite simple. - - -No. LXII.--LEAP FROG - -[Illustration] - -Move 9 to 13, 3 to 9, 7 to 3, 22 to 7, 18 to 22, 24 to 18, 9 to 24, 13 -to 9, 7 to 13, 3 to 7, 18 to 3, 22 to 18. - - -No. LXIII.--MUSIC HATH CHARMS - -is explained by the couplet-- - - “From _Handel_ I learn - As my _handle_ I turn.” - - -No. LXVII.--A SWARM OF WORDS - -This is the key - - M - A - M A D A M - A - M - -If these letters form each of the five crosses the conditions are all -fulfilled. - -[Illustration] - -In each cross the words Madam, Adam, Ada can be traced in sixteen -different directions, and the words Dam, am and a in four directions, so -that there are no less than three hundred and twenty readings of these -words in the whole mystic cross, and sixty-four in each separate cross, -though only three different letters are used. - - -No. LXVIII.--AFTER SOME SAD REVERSE - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXX.--A PICTURE PUZZLE - - “A misunderstanding between friends.” - - -No. LXXIV.--A NERVOUS SHOCK - -[Illustration] - - -No. LXXVIII.--A TRANSPARENCY - -[Illustration: 7119791/1119] - - -No. LXXXII.--A RE-BUS - -It was _Incubus_ that the driver of a London Road car hurled as a -scornful charge, at his rival on a motor car. - - -No. LXXXV.--CHEQUERS AND STRIPES - - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | 2 | | 1 | | 3 | | 3 | | 3 | - | | | | | | | | | | - | 2 | | 4 | | 1 | | 4 | | 3 | - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | 1 | | 3 | | 3 | | 5 | | 5 | - | | | | | | | | | | - | 5 | | 6 | | 5 | | 6 | | 5 | - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | - +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ - -Put a finger on one of the black backs in the top row, and move that -stone round to the bottom of its column, then push upward, so that each -stone rises into the row above it. Repeat this with the other back, and -the stripes are formed. - - -No. LXXXVIII.--A PICTURE PUZZLE - -The eight animals hidden in this wood are-- _Giraffe_, _Lion_, _Camel_, -_Elephant_, _Hog_, _Horse_, _Bear_, _Hound_. - -[Illustration] - - -No. XC.--A REBUS - -[Illustration] - -The solution is _Wellington_. - - -No. XCV.--THE PUZZLED CARPENTER - -The carpenter, anxious to stop a leak, was able to cut a board a foot -square from a board two feet square, which was pierced at regular -intervals by sixteen holes, by the following ingenious method:-- - -[Illustration] - - -No. XCVI.--NOT EASY WHEN YOU KNOW - -The solution of the puzzling match rearrangement is as follows:--We -repeat the original five square diagram, from which four squares were to -be formed by rearranging three matches, and its solution below. - - +-----+ +-----+ - | | | | - | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | - | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+ - - +-----+ +-----+ - | | | | - | | | | - +-----+-----+-----+-----+ - | | | | - | | | | - +-----+ +-----+ - - -No. XCVII.--SIMPLICITY - -When we have constructed this figure with five matches, we can remove -three of the matches, and then replace two of them so as to form a -similar figure, by moving any three of them a short distance, and then -replacing the two that are left behind, in their original positions! -This “catch” finds many victims. - - /\ - / \ - / \ - ------ - \ / - \ / - \/ - - -No. XCIX.--FROM THE MATCHBOX - -The diagram below shows how eight matches can be removed from the -nine-square arrangement so as to leave two squares on the table. - - ----- ----- ----- - | | - | | - ----- - | | | | - | | | | - ----- - | | - | | - ----- ----- ----- - - -MISSING WORDS SOLUTIONS - - -1 - - What tempting _sprite_ beguiled the boy to sample - Fruit that hung _ripest_ on the parson’s trees? - _Stripe_ upon _stripe_ shall make him an example - When the stern _priest_ has brought him to his knees. - - -2 - - Man of the dark room, _traces_ none I find - Upon these _cartes_ of likeness to my features. - _Carest_ thou naught, O man of evil mind, - Who _racest_ thus to libel fellow creatures? - - Evil thus done _reacts_ upon the doer, - The _carets_ in thy conduct, sir, are many; - _Recast_ thy life, and let thy crimes be fewer, - Or all thy _crates_ of good won’t fetch a penny! - - -3 - - The missing words all spelt with the same - seven letters, are _tho’ near_, _a hornet_, _or neath_, _nor - hate_, _or then a_, _near hot_, _than o’er_, _ten hoar_, _the - roan_, and _eat horn_. - - -4 - - ’Neath _bluest_ Indian seas fierce battles spread - ’Twixt _subtle_ hermit-crabs and other shellfish! - With horrid _bustle_ when their foes are dead - These crabs declare their shells _sublet_, so selfish. - - -5 - - Though _seated_ secure and _sedate_ in his cage, - Our Polly, when _teased_, will fly into a rage. - - -6 - - All courtly honours are but light - As grains that from a _grater_ fly; - And he who wears the _Garter_ bright - May haply in a _garret_ die. - - -7 - - I’d rather from a _manger_ eat, - I give my sacred word, - Than dine in slums where _ragmen_ meet, - And _German_ pedlars herd. - - -8 - - A much married _grandee_ of Cadiz - Once _angered_ some riotous ladies. - To _derange_ him they chucked - A _grenade_, but he ducked, - Which _enraged_ these rude ladies of Cadiz. - - -9 - - A lass and her lover were _warned_ by the sky - Not to _wander_ too far where no shelter was nigh. - She lingered behind, and _drew an_ old church, - St. _Andrew_ by name, and was left in the lurch. - - She tried a short cut through the park on the grass, - But sternly the _warden_ forbade her to pass. - Then helplessly stood the disconsolate maid, - When the lad she was soon to _wed ran_ to her aid. - - -10 - - When _weather_ smiles, and sunbeams play - On flowers that _wreathe_ and deck the green, - _Whate’er_ can match the scene so gay - _Whereat_ they crown the May-day queen? - - -11 - - ’Tis said of William, while his forces rested - On Albion’s _shores_, when Harold had been bested, - He made the _shoers_ of his _horses_ fuse - Saxon spear-heads, to fashion into shoes. - - -12 - - Happiness, brighter than _rubies_, is dead; - Life’s battle, sterner and _busier_ now, - Heals the sore _bruise_ that love left as it fled, - _Buries_ remembrance of long-broken vow! - - -13 - - Press critics fall on me like sharks: - “A shameless _patcher_ of odds and ends, - No _chapter_ original,” and more remarks - In adverse mood. But stay, my friends, - He _carpeth_ best who hath his record clean; - My faults are published, yours are yet unseen! - - -14 - - _Plates_ are his _staple_, fashion-forms of grace - In _pastel_ deftly hinted. - _Pleats_ soft as _petals_, crowned by Beauty’s face, - In _palest_ hues are tinted. - - -15 - - When Kate _no heart_ _nor heat_ displayed - _He ran to_ hide a tear; - “All love is dead _on earth_,” he said. - “_Another_ I’ll _not hear_!” - - -16 - - Some grinding at the _tholes_ must toil, - Down-trodden _helots_ of to-day; - While other children of the soil - In vast _hotels_ their wealth display. - - -17 - - Betrayed by faithless friends, in _sadder_ mood - Man _dreads_ his fellows as the _adder’s_ brood. - - -18 - - With divers _inks_ his _skin_ is scarred, - He hangs a bangle in his nose; - Such marks secure his _kin’s_ regard, - Exalt his fame, and _sink_ his foes. - - -19 - - _Steward_, who, as we _west’ard_ roll, - _Drawest_ for me the foaming bowl, - And _wardest_ off unfriendly spray - With oilskin-cape, thou shalt not say - “In vain I’ve _strawed_ my favours here.” - I’ll think of thee when port is near! - - -20 - - With high _ideals_ for hearts and hands, - These _ladies_ _sailed_ for distant lands. - - -21 - - The _premiss_ of his speech did not - _Impress_ his audience a jot. - They greeted all he said thereafter - With _simpers_, smiles, and open laughter. - - -22 - - To convent shrine at break of day - With _palms_ together nuns repair; - Mid gleaming _lamps_ they kneel and pray, - And chanted _psalm_ allays each care. - - -23 - - Here once, as a hag is bedizened with paint, - A _devil_ _lived_, _veil’d_ in the garb of a saint. - - -24 - -The missing words of the lines “In praise of Sussex,” are _apers_, -_rapes_, _spear_, _spare_, _pears_, _reaps_, _parse_, _pares_, all spelt -with the same letters. - - -25 - -The missing words are _there_, _ether_, and _three_. - - -26 - -The missing words are _trades_, _daters_, _treads_, _darest_, and -_read’st_. - - -27 - - The _Tsar_ with _arts_ importunate - To rule his _tars_ may try; - His _star_ is so unfortunate - That “_rats_” they may reply! - - -28 - -The missing words are _mace_, _acme_, and _came_. - - -29 - -The missing words are _esprit_, _sprite_, _priest_, _stripe_, and -_ripest_. - - -30 - - Of all destructive country pests - The farmer _loves_ _voles_ least; - He cannot yet the puzzle _solve_ - How to suppress the beast! - - -31 - -The “Fresh Air Fund” missing words are given below in italics:-- - -OH THE _LUSTRE_ OF THE _RESULT_ - - The _slimes_ of darkest London are radiant with _smiles_, - You can _read_ it in their _dear_ little faces: - So wherever you _reside_ let it be your heart’s _desire_ - To ease the _cares_ and sorrows of all _races_! - - -32 - - She _rouges_ in vain, “Men are _rogues_, and as shy - As _grouse_ in October,” she says with a sigh. - -33 - - When good men lapse the _Serpent_ grins, - When one _repents_ he swears; - And strives to set his former sins - Against his _present_ prayers. - - -34 - - His hands and face were _swart_, and sad - Upon the _straw_ a gipsy lad - Lay: as the breeze his temples fanned - He counted _warts_ on either hand. - - -35 - - In yon grey _manse_ an old divine - Taught me my “_mensa_” to decline, - And verbs with _names_ of mood and tense; - But while I plodded on apace - I had to keep the _means_ of grace, - And close his prayers with loud _amens_. - - -36 - - No reckless _drawer_ of the sword, - He _warred_ his fatherland to save. - Fighting for freedom, not _reward_, - Now _warder_ of the eastern seas. - - -37 - - A fair _design_, though _singed_ and frayed, - The critic _deigns_ to own, - And it might interest the trade - If _signed_ by some one known. - - -38 - - In his _latter_ days, as when he was young, - The _tatler_ indulges in _rattle_ of tongue. - - -39 - -The missing words indicated in the lines which begin - - A cylindrical lock - Where no key can be found. - -are a _ringlet_, _triangle_, _relating_, _altering_, and _integral_, -which are all spelt with the same eight letters. - - -40 - -The lines with missing words, which are increased each time by one -letter, run thus:-- - - A lover of _an_ unkind fair - Were less than _man_ did he not _moan_, - “Mine is no _nomad_ life, I swear, - It dwells in this _domain_ alone. - Grant me thy love, like _diamond_ chaste - _On diadem_, lest thou live unwooed, - _Doomed in a_ lonely life to waste - The treasure of sweet _maidenhood_.” - - -41 - -The missing words are _bared_, _beard_, _debar_, _bread_. - - -42 - -THE PAUPER’S PLAINT - - Pale penury that _rivest_ social bands, - And any link that _rivets_ worth to fame, - Take ye the blame for my inactive hands, - I _strive_ in vain to build upon the sands, - Without a _stiver_, who can make a name? - - -43 - - Mr Backslide, afflicted with weakness of mind, - _Cantered_ over to Lushington’s inn, where he dined. - He _recanted_ the pledge he had taken as handy, - And emptied forthwith a _decanter_ of brandy. - - -44 - -The missing words are indicated below by italics:-- - - A _sutler_ sat in his _ulster_ grey, - Watching the moonbeams _lustre_ play - On a keg that in the bushes lay; - And these were the words of his song:-- - “Thou _rulest_ the weak, thou _lurest_ the strong, - To thee the _result_ of bad deeds doth belong.” - And the leaves with a _rustle_ took up the sad song. - -It would be difficult to find a better specimen than this of seven words -spelt with the same letters. - - -45 - -In these lines each of the words in italics is longer by one letter than -the one before, the same letters being carried on in varied order:-- - - Nature _I_ love _in_ every land, - On burning plain, by wooded rill; - Where _Ind_ is girt by coral strand, - Or _Edin_ rears her castled hill. - Then _deign_ from me the tale to hear, - How, true to one _design_, the bee - Once _singled_ out keeps year by year - The _leadings_ by her instinct given, - Which teach her, wheresoe’er she roam, - In every clime beneath the heaven, - To build the same _six-angled_ home. - - -46 - -The missing words are _smite_, _times_, _emits_, _items_, and _mites_. - - -47 - -The missing words of the Farmyard puzzle are printed in italics:-- - - All his flock from _danger_ rough, - To the _garden_ ran apace, - Where their _gander_, old and tough, - _Ranged_, the guardian of his race. - - -48 - - Come, landlord, fill the flowing _pots_, - Until their _tops_ run over; - For in this _spot_ to-night I’ll _stop_, - To-morrow _post_ to Dover! - - -49 - -The four missing words are _silent_, _listen_, _enlist_, and _tinsel_, -which are all spelt with the same letters. - - -50 - - Some men their _teams_ escorted on their way, - When “_Mates_ look here!” I heard a driver say: - “It _tames_ our pluck to toil like _steam_ all day, - When, wanting _meats_, we starve on wretched pay.” - - -51 - -WISDOM WHILE YOU WAIT - - As a _general_ _gleaner_ of facts you’ll find - Our Encyclopædia _enlarge_ the mind. - - -52 - -The missing words are _nectar_, _Cretan_, _canter_, _trance_, _recant_. - -53 - - _I Satan_ but for rebel act - Without _a stain_ should be; - But this _is at an_ end, in fact - None find _a saint_ in me. - - -54 - - “Oh for a _break_ in this vast solitude, - This endless rise and fall of _brake_ and moor!” - Soliloquised a _baker_ in sad mood, - As through the lonely hills the staff of life he bore. - - -55 - -THE SEA SERPENT - - ’Twas in _mid-ocean_ that we saw him play, - Like a _demoniac_ in his sports, and they - Amused us, as a good _comedian_ may. - - -56 - - Soup is _on table_ for a _notable_ divine, - Who with _no table_ is _not able_ to sit down and dine. - - -57 - - Sweet as the _rose_ and cruel as its thorn, - _Eros_ thy power is great, thy pity scorn. - Swift as the _roes_ that through the forest fly, - Deep as the _ores_ that deepest hidden lie, - Is thine own _sore_ to hapless mortals given, - Semblance of darkest hell or brightest heaven. - - -58 - -The missing words, dedicated to the Fresh Air Fund, read thus:-- - -GOOD _TIMES_ FOR CITY _MITES_ - - My pipe _emits_ for _me its_ charms, that yield - Pictures and _items_ of a children’s day. - Lest conscience _smite_ I _sit me_ down to say - My _mites_ shall send some City _mites_ afield. - - -59 - - He said “you _Cretan_,” when one lied, - He said “don’t _canter_,” when one hied, - His glass held _nectar_ at his side, - He can _recant_ what he denied. - - -60 - - Mr Snip, the _agnostic_, was _coasting_ a hill, - With a bag of new _coatings_ for stock; - When a runaway motor-car gave him a spill - Which scattered his doubts with the shock. - - -61 - - _Pales_ her fair cheek, and back o’er all - The _lapse_ of years _leaps_ memory. - Those wedding _peals_ to her recall - The _pleas_ he urged so tenderly. - - -62 - - Two burglars attempted to _rifle_ a house, - But the _filer_ was heard, though as still as a mouse. - When challenged at once he a _flier_ became, - But caught as a _lifer_ he finished his game. - - -63 - - The _licensed_ fool in olden days - Gave kings advice in jesting phrase; - He’s _silenced_ now: the modern throne - _Declines_ all follies but its own. - - -64 - - Days of _dearth_, and times of evil, - Starving girls with _thread_ do toil, - No man _dareth_ feast or revel, - Hushed is _hatred_ and turmoil. - - -65 - - Who _reineth_ in his pride and rage, - To _neither_ vice a prey, - May hope to reach a green old age, - And find _therein_ his stay. - - -66 - -This is the full text of Moore’s witty reply, when Limerick courted him -as her member, and the “boys for fun’s sake” asked him to what party he -belonged:-- - - “I’m of no party as a man, - But as a poet _am--a--tory_!” - - -67 - - Is England _Israel_? That this is so - A solemn _serial_ aspires to show. - By most ignored, the theme _is real_ to some, - Who gravely to the same conclusion come. - Like _Ariels_ o’er obstacles they soar, - And if an _earl is_ ’vert they rave the more. - - -68 - - Off to the links is now their cry, - For golf is man’s _idolatry_: - Be not _dilatory_ or slow, - _Adroitly_ hit the ball will go. - - -69 - - No maid e’er _resided_, North, South, East, or West, - More _desired_ than she who _derides_ Love’s request. - - -70 - - Though in _adversity_ I be, - It is, alas! _sad verity_ - No _vestry aid_ comes nigh to me. - - -71 - - _Mastering_ his pride the royal James - Came down upon the _streaming_ Thames; - Like _emigrants_ his court repair - To breath _St Germain_’s freer air. - - -72 - -The drop letter lines are as follows:-- - - With lily leaves his oars are _trifling_, - Her eager hands their treasures _rifling_. - To the fair winds all cares _I fling_, - And echo faintly answers _fling_! - - -73 - -The solution of the enigma with missing letters:-- - -“There was no good ... in the d...y, so the klim,” is-- - -There was no good air in the dairy, so the milk turned. - - -74 - -But unmerciful disaster followed fast and followed faster. - - -75 - -If you write _stale_ _tales_, at _least_ do not _steal_ the _slate_. - - -76 - -The six missing words are _Siren_, _risen_, _Erin’s_, _reins_, _rinse_, -_resin_. - - -77 - - A man of _parts_ had caught a _sprat_, - And it was windy weather; - “Give me my _strap_,” he cried, “to fix - My fish and _traps_ together.” - - -78 - -The missing words are _Cesar_, _acres_, _races_, _cares_, _scare_. - - -79 - - Buy my ripe _melons_, my _lemons_ who’ll buy? - Don’t look so _solemn_, but take some and try! - - -80 - - He who _nips_ may _snip_ at last, - How to _spin_ we show; - Take a sixpence, hold it fast, - Press the _pins_ and blow! - - -[Illustration] - - - PRINTED BY M‘LAREN AND CO., LTD., EDINBURGH. - - - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - - Inconsistent spelling, hyphenation, capitalisation, etc. and lay-out - have been retained, except as mentioned below. The same applies to - repetitions, (factual) errors, mistakes, unclarities and - contradictions in the puzzles, riddles etc. and in the solutions - provided. - - Depending on the hard- and software and their settings used to read - this text, not all elements may display as intended. Several of the - puzzles will only display as intended if a fixed-width font is used. - - An attempt has been made to include, where possible, the illustrations - in this text. These are only rough approximations; the actual - illustrations (and therefore better representations of the book’s - contents) are available in the other formats provided at - www.gutenberg.org. Some of the larger elements have been split to fit - in the available width. Some of the symbols used for this graphic - representation are used to approximate the symbols used in the book - rather than for their usual meaning. - - Domino tiles are represented by blocks with the number of pips - inscribed rather than by the pip patterns (or they are left blank to - indicate back sides). For the chess problems, a schematic - representation has been used, in which dots represent black squares, - and K, Q, B, R, N, P and k, q, b, r, n, and p represent white and - black king, queen, bishop, rook, knight and pawn respectively. - - Page I-7, Monster Magic Square: row 2 column 2 should be 48, not 41; - row 3 column 9 should be 92, not 72. - - Page I-30, magic triangle, bottom row 0 should be 8 (as in the - solution on page I-150). - - Page I-89, "on opposite sides of the central line": this should be - read "on opposite sides of the central lines" (both horizontal and - vertical). - - Page I-130, mens’ tears: as printed in the source document. - - Page I-131, An Illusion of Type: the phenomenon described may not work - with every font. - - Page I-136, For the Children, last sentence: the opposite is true: If - this is an even quantity the coins or sweets in the right hand are - odd, and in the left even; if it is odd the contrary is the case. - - Page II-130, number 81: some words were misprinted or missing - altogether; these have been added based on the context: ... the man - [fe]ll sick ...; [Ho]w ought his estate ...; and ... to [the] widow, - son and daughter. - - Page II-148, Notable Chronogram: IAVDES should have read LAVDES, which - would result in the year 1894 (when the organ was blessed). - - Page II-176, Solution LXXX: The positions of the dots are indicated in - the text only, not in the diagram. - - Page II-204, Solution 65, 12 + ¹⁄₂ = ¹³⁄₂: the calculation only works - if the 12 were replaced with ¹²⁄₂ (or 6), which would be in accordance - with the description. - - Page II-206, Solution 77: _two_ and _twenty_ pence should probably - read _two and twenty_ pence. - - Page III-3 and III-111, No. III: The illustration in the question is - not the same as the one in the answer. - - Page III-25, Begins 2 U U U up: possibly an error for Begins 2 UU U up - (cf. other repeated letters). - - Page III-35, No. XXXV, five words: there are six words in the puzzle - (and in the solution). - - Page III-53, No. LIII: the occupied squares on the chess board are - indicated by an X. - - Page III-77, inspiréd strain: as printed in the source document. - - - Changes made - - Some obvious minor typographical and punctuation errors and misprints - have been corrected silently. - - Some minor lay-out inconsistencies have been standardised without - further remarks; where necessary, table and text-elements have been - re-arranged and aligned in accordance with the description given. - - The part numbers have been inserted on the blank pages preceding each - part. - - Throughout the book, items from one category (preceded by an Arabic - number) are occasionally printed split over two pages, with one or - more items from other categories (often preceded by a Roman numeral) - between the several parts. For this text, these split items have been - recombined on the page where they originally started, and references - to their respective parts have been deleted. - - The part numbers (I, II and III) have been added to the page numbers - for easier reference. - - Page I-141: "cigars" changed to "cigares" (French, 2x). - - Page II-99, 6¹ changed to 6¹⁄₂. - - Pages II-113 and II-185, illustration: reference letter "F" added. - - Page II-199: "there they sold" changed to "these they sold". - - Page II-225, Solution 6: "f _on_ d l _over_" changed to "a f _on_ d l - _over_". - - Page III-7, No. VII: "BVT In trVth" changed to "bVt In trVth". - - Page III-7 and III-44, No. VII and XLIV: The chronographs were printed - in small capitals and upper case letters; the former have been - transcribed as lower case letters to retain the meaning according to - the description. - - Page III-41, No. 67: "And if -- ---- is ’vert" changed to "And if an - ---- -- ’vert". - - Page III-46: "chêrit" changed to "chérit". - - Page III-67, illustration: unprinted asterisk added to the right-hand - arm of the cross. - - Page III-78: "a jamais" replaced with "à jamais". - - Page III-108: "stats" replaced with "stets". - - Page III-123, Solution XLIII: V inserted in bottom line cf. puzzle. - - Page III-124: "stripes" changed to "strips" cf. puzzle. - - Page III-128: "86 diamonds and 6 children" changed to "36 diamonds and - 6 children". - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TWENTIETH CENTURY STANDARD PUZZLE -BOOK *** - -***** This file should be named 63884-0.txt or 63884-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/3/8/8/63884/ - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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line-height: .8em; text-align: center;} - table.whewell - {margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em;} - table.whewell td - {text-align: center; width: 1em;} - td.blankbefore75 - {padding-top: .75em;} - th - {font-weight: normal;} - .threeparttoc - {border: solid thin; margin: 2em auto; text-align: center; padding: 2em 4em;} - .threeparttoc p.contents - {margin-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em; margin-top: .75em; margin-bottom: .75em; font-size: 1.2em;} - .tnbot - {border: dashed thin; margin: 1em 0; padding: .5em;} - .tnbot h2 - {font-size: 1em; margin-top: .75em; margin-bottom: .75em;} - .tnbot p - {text-indent: -1em; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: .5em;} - .tnbox - {border: dashed thin; margin: 1em 20%; padding: 1em;} - .top - {vertical-align: top;} - .w10m - {width: 10em; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0;} - .w3m - {width: 3em;} - .w5m - {width: 5em;} - .w30m - {width: 30em; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0;} - .wordspace075 - {word-spacing: .75em;} - .wordspace15 - {word-spacing: 1.5em;} - - </style> - </head> -<body> -<pre style='margin-bottom:6em;'>The Project Gutenberg EBook of Twentieth Century Standard Puzzle Book, by -Cyril Pearson - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this ebook. - -Title: Twentieth Century Standard Puzzle Book - Three Parts in One Volume - -Author: Cyril Pearson - -Release Date: November 26, 2020 [EBook #63884] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: MFR, Branden Aldridge, Harry Lamé and the Online - Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TWENTIETH CENTURY STANDARD PUZZLE -BOOK *** -</pre> -<div class="tnbox"> -<p class="center">Please see the <a href="#TN">Transcriber’s Notes</a> at the end of this text.</p> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="scr"> - -<div class="container80pc"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Cover image" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -</div><!--scr--> - -<div class="pagebox"> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo001a.jpg" alt="GOOD VALUE GAMAGES" /> -</div> - -<div class="split4060"> - -<div class="left4060"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo001b.jpg" alt="Latest Conjuring By WILL GOLDSTON" /> -</div> - -</div><!--left4060--> - -<div class="right4060"> - -<p class="center blankbefore05"><span class="fsize175"><b>Latest Conjuring</b></span><br /> -<span class="fsize110"><b>By WILL GOLDSTON</b></span><br /> -<i>The Latest and Best Book Published</i></p> - -<hr class="short ad" /> - -<div class="fsize80 padl1"> - -<p class="center highline15"><b><i>A Few Principal Items—</i></b></p> - -<p class="hind03 fsize90"><span class="smcap">Chapter I.</span>—Latest tricks with and without apparatus, -many published for the first time. Illustrated.</p> - -<p class="hind03 fsize90"><span class="smcap">Chapter II.</span>—Every new and startling illusion accurately -explained with illustrations.</p> - -<p class="hind03 fsize90"><span class="smcap">Chapter III.</span>—Latest methods for performing the -“Mystic Kettle” that boils on ice, including the -“Magic Kettle,” the most remarkable utensil to -hold liquor. This little kettle can produce almost -any drink from milk to whisky. Illustrated.</p> - -<p class="hind03 fsize90"><span class="smcap">Chapter IV.</span>—Correct methods to escape from Handcuffs, -Leg-irons, Rope, Iron Collars, Padlocks, -Sacks, Iron Trunks, Wooden Boxes, Barrels, Iron -Cages. Illustrated.</p> - -<p class="hind03 fsize90"><span class="smcap">Chapter V.</span>—Hand Shadows and how to work them. -Illustrated.</p> - -<p class="center blankbefore05">Without a doubt the greatest and cheapest book ever<br /> -published on Magic.</p> - -<p class="center blankbefore05"><span class="smcap">Order Immediately to Avoid Disappointment</span></p> - -<p class="center blankbefore05"><i>Handsomely Bound in Cloth</i>, <b>2/-</b><br /> -Post Free, <b>2/3</b></p> - -</div><!--fsize80--> - -</div><!--right4060--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split4060--> - -<div class="split6040"> - -<div class="left6040"> - -<p class="center blankbefore05"><span class="fsize150"><b>The Secrets of Magic</b></span><br /> -<span class="smcap">By</span> WILL GOLDSTON</p> - -<hr class="short ad" /> - -<p class="noindent padr1">Over 100 pages and as many illustrations. -This up-to-date work, describing only the -latest secrets and effects in conjuring, also -contains biographies of leading magicians.</p> - -<p class="padr1">This book is in its 4th Edition, and is -without doubt a very useful book, as it -contains many valuable tricks and illusions -never before divulged.</p> - -<p class="center highline2">Cloth Bound. <span class="padl4 padr4">Price <b>2/6</b>.</span> Postage 3d.</p> - -<hr class="short ad" /> - -<p class="center fsize200"><b>A. W. GAMAGE, Ltd</b></p> - -<p class="center fsize150">HOLBORN</p> - -<p class="right fsize150">LONDON, E.C.</p> - -</div><!--left6040--> - -<div class="right6040"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo001c.jpg" alt="Secrets of Magic by Will Goldston" /> -</div> - -</div><!--right6040--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split6040--> - -</div><!--pagebox--> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="pagebox"> - -<h1>THE TWENTIETH CENTURY<br /> -<span class="booktitle"><b>STANDARD PUZZLE<br /> -BOOK</b></span></h1> - -<p class="center highline4 fsize125">THREE PARTS IN ONE VOLUME</p> - -<p class="center highline2">EDITED BY<br /> -<span class="fsize125 wordspace075">A. CYRIL PEARSON, M.A.</span></p> - -<p class="center blankbefore15"><span class="fsize80">AUTHOR OF</span><br /> -‘<i>100 Chess Problems</i>,’ ‘<i>Anagrams, Ancient and Modern</i>,’ <i>etc.</i></p> - -<p class="center highline4 blankbefore4"><i>PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED</i></p> - -<p class="center highline4">SECOND IMPRESSION</p> - -<p class="center highline2 blankbefore4"><span class="fsize125">LONDON</span><br /> -<span class="fsize175">GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.</span><br /> -<span class="fsize150">NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO.</span></p> - -</div><!--pagebox--> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="w30m"> - -<div class="threeparttoc"> - -<p class="center highline2 fsize150 sstype"><b>Also in Three Parts</b></p> - -<hr class="short" /> - -<p class="contents"><span class="dontshow">II</span><a href="#PartI">I.</a>—<span class="smcap">Magic Squares</span>, -<span class="smcap">Picture Puzzles</span>, -<span class="smcap">Enigmas</span>, <span class="smcap">Charades</span>, <span class="smcap">Riddles</span>, -<span class="smcap">Conundrums</span>, <span class="smcap">Nuts to Crack</span>, -<span class="smcap">Solutions</span>.</p> - -<p class="contents"><span class="dontshow">I</span><a href="#PartII">II.</a>—<span class="smcap">Optical -Illusions</span>, <span class="smcap">Freaks of -Figures</span>, <span class="smcap">Chess Cameos</span>, <span class="smcap">Science -at Play</span>, <span class="smcap">Curious Calculations</span>, -<span class="smcap">Word and Letter Puzzles</span>, -<span class="smcap">Solutions</span>.</p> - -<p class="contents"><a href="#PartIII">III.</a>—<span class="smcap">Word Puzzles</span>, <span class="smcap">Missing Words</span>, -<span class="smcap">Letter Puzzles</span>, <span class="smcap">Anagrams</span>, -<span class="smcap">Picture Puzzles</span>, <span class="smcap">Palindromes</span>, -<span class="smcap">Solutions</span>.</p> - -<hr class="short" /> - -<p class="center highline2 fsize150 sstype"><b>Also by the same Author</b></p> - -<p class="contents"><span class="smcap">Pictured Puzzles and Word Play.</span> Profusely -Illustrated. Crown 8vo. -Cloth.</p> - -</div><!--threeparttoc--> - -</div><!--width--> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2 id="PartI"><b>PART I.</b></h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h3 class="toc">CONTENTS</h3> - -<table class="toc" summary="toc"> - -<tr> -<th> </th> -<th class="right padl2 fsize60">PAGE</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Magic Squares, Puzzles, Tricks, Enigmas</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageI1">I-1</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Charades, Etc.</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageI80">I-80</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Riddles and Conundrums</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageI104">I-104</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Nuts to Crack</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageI115">I-115</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Solutions</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageI148">I-148</a></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI1">[I-1]</span></p> - -<h3>MAGIC SQUARES</h3> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_I">No. I.—FOUR HUNDRED YEARS OLD!</h4> - -<p>In Albert Dürer’s day, as in Milton’s, “melancholy” -meant <i>thoughtfulness</i>, and on this ground -we find on his woodcut, “Melancholia, or the -Genius of the Industrial Science of Mechanics,” -a very early instance of a Magic Square, showing -that Puzzles had a recognised place in mental -gymnastics four hundred years ago.</p> - -<div class="container80pc"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo009.jpg" alt="Melancholia" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI2">[I-2]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_II">No. II.—A SIMPLE MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Much time was devoted in olden days to the -construction and elaboration of Magic Squares. -Before we go more deeply into this fascinating -subject, let us study the following pretty and -ingenious method of making a Magic Square of -sixteen numbers, which is comparatively simple, -and easily committed to <span class="nowrap">memory:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Start with the small square at the top left-hand -corner, placing there the 1; then count -continuously from left to right, square by square, -but only insert those numbers which fall upon -the diagonals—namely, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, and 16.</p> - -<p>Then start afresh at the bottom right-hand -corner, calling it 1, and fill up the remaining -squares in order, from right to left, counting -continuously, and so placing in their turn 2, 3, 5, -8, 9, 12, 14, and 15. Each row, column, diagonal, -and almost every cluster of four has 34 as the -sum of its numbers.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI3">[I-3]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_III">No. III.—ANOTHER MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>In this Magic Square the rows, columns, and -diagonals add up to 65, and the sum of any two -opposite and corresponding squares is 26.</p> - -<h3>ENIGMAS</h3> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_1">1<br /> -A MYSTIC ENIGMA</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">He stood himself beside himself<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And looked into the sea;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Within himself he saw himself,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And at himself gazed he.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now when himself he saw himself<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Within himself go round,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Into himself he threw himself,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And in himself was drowned.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now if he had not been himself,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But other beast beside,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He would himself have cut himself<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Nor in himself have died.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_1">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI4">[I-4]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_IV">No. IV.—A NEST OF CENTURIES</h4> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic Square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">47</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">41</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">35</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">48</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">42</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">29</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">30</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">49</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">36</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">31</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">43</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">37</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">38</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">32</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">26</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">39</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">27</td> -<td class="number">45</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">46</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">40</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">34</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">28</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The numbers in this Magic Square of 49 cells -add up in all rows, columns, and diagonals to 175. -The four corner cells of every square or rectangle -that has cell 25 in its centre, and cells 1, 7, 49, -43, add up to 100.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_2">2</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">One morning Chloe, to avoid the heat,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sat in a corner of a shady seat.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Young Strephon, on the self-same errand bound,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This fairest flower of all the garden found.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her peerless beauty set his heart aflame,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Three monosyllables expressed his aim.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">At a respectful distance he conversed<br /></span> -<span class="i0">About the weather; then became immersed<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In other topics, lessening the while<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The space between them, heartened by her smile.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The same three simple words, now joined in one,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Expressed their happy state at set of sun.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_2">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI5">[I-5]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_V">No. V.—THE MAKING OF A MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>An ideal Magic Square can be constructed thus:</p> - -<p>Place 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in any order in the five top -cells, set an asterisk over the third column, as -shown in the diagram; begin the next row with -this figure, and let the rest follow in the original -sequence; continue this method with the other -three rows.</p> - -<div class="split5050"> - -<div class="left5050"> - -<p class="caption above"><span class="smcap">Preparatory Square No. 1.</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare specialrow" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr class="bbd"> -<td colspan="2" class="noborder"> </td> -<td class="center noborder">*</td> -<td colspan="2" class="noborder"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd bbd"> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--left5050--> - -<div class="right5050"> - -<p class="caption above"><span class="smcap">Preparatory Square No. 2.</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare specialrow" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr class="bbd"> -<td colspan="3" class="noborder"> </td> -<td class="center noborder">*</td> -<td class="noborder"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd bbd"> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--right5050--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split5050--> - -<p>Make a similar square of 25 cells with 0, 5, 10, -15, 20, as is shown in No. 2, placing the -asterisk in this case over the fourth column of -cells, and proceeding as before, in an unchanging -sequence. Using these two preparatory squares, -try to form a Magic Square in which the same -number can be counted up in forty-two different -ways.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_V">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI6">[I-6]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_VI">No. VI.—ANOTHER WAY TO MAKE A -MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Here is one of many methods by which a -Magic Square of the first twenty-five numbers can -readily be made.</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="bordered">1</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="bl bt br">2</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="bt br bl">6</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="bt2 br bl2">3</td> -<td class="bt2 br">20</td> -<td class="bt2 br">7</td> -<td class="bt2 br">24</td> -<td class="bt2 br2">11</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="bt bl">4</td> -<td class="bt br bl2">16</td> -<td class="bt br">8</td> -<td class="bt br">25</td> -<td class="bt br">12</td> -<td class="bt br2">4</td> -<td class="bt br">16</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered">5</td> -<td class="bt"> </td> -<td class="bt br bb bl2">9</td> -<td class="bt br bb">21</td> -<td class="bt br bb">13</td> -<td class="bt br bb">5</td> -<td class="bt br2 bb">17</td> -<td class="bt bb"> </td> -<td class="bordered">21</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="bt bb bl">10</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">22</td> -<td class="br bb">14</td> -<td class="br bb">1</td> -<td class="br bb">18</td> -<td class="br2 bb">10</td> -<td class="br bb">22</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="br bb2 bl2">15</td> -<td class="br bb2">2</td> -<td class="br bb2">19</td> -<td class="br bb2">6</td> -<td class="br2 bb2">23</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="br bb bl">20</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="br bb bl">24</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="bordered">25</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>This is done by first placing the figures from 1 -to 25 in diagonal rows, as is shown above, and -then introducing the numbers that are <i>outside</i> the -square <i>into</i> it, by moving each of them five places -right, left, up, or down. A Magic Square is thus -formed, the numbers of which add up to 65 in -lines, columns and diagonals, and with the centre -and any four corresponding numbers on the -borders.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI7">[I-7]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_VII">No. VII.—A MONSTER MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Here is what may indeed be called a Champion -Magic <span class="nowrap">Square:—</span></p> - -<table class="monster" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">23</td> -<td class="br bb">464</td> -<td class="br bb">459</td> -<td class="br bb">457</td> -<td class="br bb">109</td> -<td class="br bb">111</td> -<td class="br bb">108</td> -<td class="br bb">110</td> -<td class="br bb">132</td> -<td class="br bb">133</td> -<td class="br bb">130</td> -<td class="br bb">131</td> -<td class="br bb">373</td> -<td class="br bb">371</td> -<td class="br bb">357</td> -<td class="br bb">356</td> -<td class="br bb">372</td> -<td class="br bb">382</td> -<td class="br bb">370</td> -<td class="br bb">335</td> -<td class="br bb">30</td> -<td class="br bb">22</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">25</td> -<td class="br bb">41</td> -<td class="br bb">436</td> -<td class="br bb">435</td> -<td class="br bb">433</td> -<td class="br bb">432</td> -<td class="br bb">196</td> -<td class="br bb">195</td> -<td class="br bb">241</td> -<td class="br bb">242</td> -<td class="br bb">200</td> -<td class="br bb">225</td> -<td class="br bb">284</td> -<td class="br bb">287</td> -<td class="br bb">246</td> -<td class="br bb">245</td> -<td class="br bb">288</td> -<td class="br bb">261</td> -<td class="br bb">51</td> -<td class="br bb">58</td> -<td class="br bb">47</td> -<td class="br bb">460</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">27</td> -<td class="br bb">45</td> -<td class="br bb">13</td> -<td class="br bb">474</td> -<td class="br bb">469</td> -<td class="br bb">467</td> -<td class="br bb">82</td> -<td class="br bb">81</td> -<td class="br bb">72</td> -<td class="br bb">90</td> -<td class="br bb">91</td> -<td class="br bb">83</td> -<td class="br bb">401</td> -<td class="br bb">400</td> -<td class="br bb">396</td> -<td class="br bb">398</td> -<td class="br bb">399</td> -<td class="br bb">397</td> -<td class="br bb">20</td> -<td class="br bb">12</td> -<td class="br bb">440</td> -<td class="br bb">458</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">461</td> -<td class="br bb">55</td> -<td class="br bb">15</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb bl2">34</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">450</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">449</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">447</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">446</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">156</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">157</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">180</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">181</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">326</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">327</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">306</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">307</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">44</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">37</td> -<td class="bt2 br2 bb">33</td> -<td class="br bb">470</td> -<td class="br bb">430</td> -<td class="br bb">24</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">456</td> -<td class="br bb">56</td> -<td class="br bb">17</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">42</td> -<td class="br bb">3</td> -<td class="br bb">484</td> -<td class="br bb">479</td> -<td class="br bb">477</td> -<td class="br bb">66</td> -<td class="br bb">65</td> -<td class="br bb">68</td> -<td class="br bb">67</td> -<td class="br bb">422</td> -<td class="br bb">421</td> -<td class="br bb">416</td> -<td class="br bb">415</td> -<td class="br bb">10</td> -<td class="br bb">2</td> -<td class="br2 bb">443</td> -<td class="br bb">468</td> -<td class="br bb">429</td> -<td class="br bb">29</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">137</td> -<td class="br bb">428</td> -<td class="br bb">471</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">41</td> -<td class="br bb">5</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb bl2">127</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">126</td> -<td class="bt2 br">125</td> -<td class="bt2 br">361</td> -<td class="bt2 br">362</td> -<td class="bt2 br">363</td> -<td class="bt2 br">364</td> -<td class="bt2 br">365</td> -<td class="bt2 br">366</td> -<td class="bt2 br">118</td> -<td class="bt2 br">117</td> -<td class="bt2 br2 bb">116</td> -<td class="br bb">480</td> -<td class="br2 bb">444</td> -<td class="br bb">14</td> -<td class="br bb">57</td> -<td class="br bb">348</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">153</td> -<td class="br bb">431</td> -<td class="br bb">466</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">31</td> -<td class="br bb">7</td> -<td class="bb bl2">347</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb bl2">148</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">338</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">339</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">145</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">143</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">342</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">142</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">344</td> -<td class="bt2 br bb">345</td> -<td class="bt2 br2 bb">139</td> -<td class="br2 bb">138</td> -<td class="br bb">478</td> -<td class="br2 bb">454</td> -<td class="br bb">19</td> -<td class="br bb">54</td> -<td class="br bb">332</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">154</td> -<td class="br bb">439</td> -<td class="br bb">98</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">453</td> -<td class="br bb">481</td> -<td class="bb bl2">325</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">161</td> -<td class="br bb">169</td> -<td class="br bb">168</td> -<td class="br bb">318</td> -<td class="br bb">319</td> -<td class="br bb">320</td> -<td class="br bb">321</td> -<td class="br bb">163</td> -<td class="br bb">162</td> -<td class="bb br2">324</td> -<td class="bb br2">160</td> -<td class="br bb">4</td> -<td class="bb br2">32</td> -<td class="br bb">387</td> -<td class="br bb">46</td> -<td class="br bb">331</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">384</td> -<td class="br bb">266</td> -<td class="br bb">407</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">445</td> -<td class="br bb">476</td> -<td class="bb bl2">292</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">293</td> -<td class="br bb">191</td> -<td class="br bb">190</td> -<td class="br bb">299</td> -<td class="br bb">298</td> -<td class="br bb">297</td> -<td class="br bb">186</td> -<td class="br bb">185</td> -<td class="br bb">184</td> -<td class="br2 bb">302</td> -<td class="br2 bb">193</td> -<td class="br bb">9</td> -<td class="br2 bb">40</td> -<td class="br bb">78</td> -<td class="br bb">219</td> -<td class="br bb">101</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">383</td> -<td class="br bb">268</td> -<td class="br bb">406</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">442</td> -<td class="br bb">424</td> -<td class="bb bl2">270</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">280</td> -<td class="br bb">272</td> -<td class="br bb">273</td> -<td class="br bb">211</td> -<td class="br bb">210</td> -<td class="br bb">209</td> -<td class="br bb">208</td> -<td class="br bb">278</td> -<td class="br bb">279</td> -<td class="br2 bb">205</td> -<td class="br2 bb">215</td> -<td class="br bb">61</td> -<td class="br2 bb">43</td> -<td class="br bb">79</td> -<td class="br bb">217</td> -<td class="br bb">102</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">379</td> -<td class="br bb">265</td> -<td class="br bb">392</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">172</td> -<td class="br bb">60</td> -<td class="bb bl2">248</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">227</td> -<td class="br bb">250</td> -<td class="br bb">251</td> -<td class="br bb">230</td> -<td class="br bb">232</td> -<td class="br bb">231</td> -<td class="br bb">233</td> -<td class="br bb">256</td> -<td class="br bb">257</td> -<td class="br2 bb">258</td> -<td class="br2 bb">237</td> -<td class="br bb">425</td> -<td class="br2 bb">313</td> -<td class="br bb">93</td> -<td class="br bb">220</td> -<td class="br bb">106</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">378</td> -<td class="br bb">267</td> -<td class="br bb">391</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">173</td> -<td class="br bb">59</td> -<td class="bb bl2">226</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">249</td> -<td class="br bb">228</td> -<td class="br bb">229</td> -<td class="br bb">252</td> -<td class="br bb">254</td> -<td class="br bb">253</td> -<td class="br bb">255</td> -<td class="br bb">234</td> -<td class="br bb">235</td> -<td class="br2 bb">236</td> -<td class="br2 bb">259</td> -<td class="br bb">426</td> -<td class="br2 bb">312</td> -<td class="br bb">94</td> -<td class="br bb">218</td> -<td class="br bb">107</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">351</td> -<td class="br bb">282</td> -<td class="br bb">405</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">176</td> -<td class="br bb">74</td> -<td class="bb bl2">204</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">214</td> -<td class="br bb">206</td> -<td class="br bb">207</td> -<td class="br bb">277</td> -<td class="br bb">276</td> -<td class="br bb">275</td> -<td class="br bb">274</td> -<td class="br bb">212</td> -<td class="br bb">213</td> -<td class="br2 bb">271</td> -<td class="br2 bb">281</td> -<td class="br bb">411</td> -<td class="br2 bb">309</td> -<td class="br bb">80</td> -<td class="br bb">203</td> -<td class="br bb">134</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">350</td> -<td class="br bb">263</td> -<td class="br bb">390</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">177</td> -<td class="br bb">73</td> -<td class="bb bl2">182</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">192</td> -<td class="br bb">301</td> -<td class="br bb">300</td> -<td class="br bb">189</td> -<td class="br bb">187</td> -<td class="br bb">188</td> -<td class="br bb">296</td> -<td class="br bb">295</td> -<td class="br bb">294</td> -<td class="br2 bb">183</td> -<td class="br2 bb">303</td> -<td class="br bb">412</td> -<td class="br2 bb">308</td> -<td class="br bb">95</td> -<td class="br bb">222</td> -<td class="br bb">135</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">334</td> -<td class="br bb">199</td> -<td class="br bb">77</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">330</td> -<td class="br bb">423</td> -<td class="bb bl2">171</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">315</td> -<td class="br bb">323</td> -<td class="br bb">322</td> -<td class="br bb">164</td> -<td class="br bb">165</td> -<td class="br bb">166</td> -<td class="br bb">167</td> -<td class="br bb">317</td> -<td class="br bb">316</td> -<td class="br2 bb">170</td> -<td class="br2 bb">314</td> -<td class="br bb">62</td> -<td class="br2 bb">155</td> -<td class="br bb">408</td> -<td class="br bb">286</td> -<td class="br bb">151</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">333</td> -<td class="br bb">216</td> -<td class="br bb">96</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">311</td> -<td class="br bb">413</td> -<td class="bb bl2">149</td> -<td class="br bb2 bl2">346</td> -<td class="br bb2">147</td> -<td class="br bb2">146</td> -<td class="br bb2">340</td> -<td class="br bb2">341</td> -<td class="br bb2">144</td> -<td class="br bb2">343</td> -<td class="br bb2">141</td> -<td class="br bb2">140</td> -<td class="br bb2 br2">337</td> -<td class="br2 bb">336</td> -<td class="br bb">72</td> -<td class="br2 bb">174</td> -<td class="br bb">389</td> -<td class="br bb">269</td> -<td class="br bb">152</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">100</td> -<td class="br bb">221</td> -<td class="br bb">76</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">310</td> -<td class="br bb">414</td> -<td class="br bb2 bl2">369</td> -<td class="br bb2">359</td> -<td class="br bb2">360</td> -<td class="br bb2">124</td> -<td class="br bb2">123</td> -<td class="br bb2">122</td> -<td class="br bb2">121</td> -<td class="br bb2">120</td> -<td class="br bb2">119</td> -<td class="br bb2">367</td> -<td class="br bb2">368</td> -<td class="bb2 br2">358</td> -<td class="br bb">71</td> -<td class="br2 bb">175</td> -<td class="br bb">409</td> -<td class="br bb">264</td> -<td class="br bb">385</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">99</td> -<td class="br bb">223</td> -<td class="br bb">75</td> -<td class="br bb bl2">291</td> -<td class="br bb">483</td> -<td class="br bb">1</td> -<td class="br bb">6</td> -<td class="br bb">8</td> -<td class="br bb">419</td> -<td class="br bb">420</td> -<td class="br bb">417</td> -<td class="br bb">418</td> -<td class="br bb">63</td> -<td class="br bb">64</td> -<td class="br bb">69</td> -<td class="br bb">70</td> -<td class="br bb">475</td> -<td class="br bb">482</td> -<td class="br2 bb">194</td> -<td class="br bb">410</td> -<td class="br bb">262</td> -<td class="br bb">386</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">104</td> -<td class="br bb">202</td> -<td class="br bb">97</td> -<td class="br bb2 bl2">452</td> -<td class="br bb2">35</td> -<td class="br bb2">36</td> -<td class="br bb2">38</td> -<td class="br bb2">39</td> -<td class="br bb2">329</td> -<td class="br bb2">328</td> -<td class="br bb2">305</td> -<td class="br bb2">304</td> -<td class="br bb2">159</td> -<td class="br bb2">158</td> -<td class="br bb2">179</td> -<td class="br bb2">178</td> -<td class="br bb2">441</td> -<td class="br bb2">448</td> -<td class="bb2 br2">451</td> -<td class="br bb">388</td> -<td class="br bb">283</td> -<td class="br bb">381</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">105</td> -<td class="br bb">238</td> -<td class="br bb">473</td> -<td class="br bb">11</td> -<td class="br bb">16</td> -<td class="br bb">18</td> -<td class="br bb">403</td> -<td class="br bb">404</td> -<td class="br bb">393</td> -<td class="br bb">395</td> -<td class="br bb">394</td> -<td class="br bb">402</td> -<td class="br bb">84</td> -<td class="br bb">85</td> -<td class="br bb">89</td> -<td class="br bb">87</td> -<td class="br bb">86</td> -<td class="br bb">88</td> -<td class="br bb">465</td> -<td class="br bb">472</td> -<td class="br bb">247</td> -<td class="br bb">380</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">136</td> -<td class="br bb">438</td> -<td class="br bb">49</td> -<td class="br bb">50</td> -<td class="br bb">52</td> -<td class="br bb">53</td> -<td class="br bb">289</td> -<td class="br bb">290</td> -<td class="br bb">244</td> -<td class="br bb">243</td> -<td class="br bb">285</td> -<td class="br bb">260</td> -<td class="br bb">201</td> -<td class="br bb">198</td> -<td class="br bb">239</td> -<td class="br bb">240</td> -<td class="br bb">197</td> -<td class="br bb">224</td> -<td class="br bb">434</td> -<td class="br bb">427</td> -<td class="br bb">437</td> -<td class="br bb">349</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br bb">463</td> -<td class="br bb">21</td> -<td class="br bb">26</td> -<td class="br bb">28</td> -<td class="br bb">376</td> -<td class="br bb">374</td> -<td class="br bb">377</td> -<td class="br bb">375</td> -<td class="br bb">353</td> -<td class="br bb">352</td> -<td class="br bb">355</td> -<td class="br bb">354</td> -<td class="br bb">112</td> -<td class="br bb">114</td> -<td class="br bb">128</td> -<td class="br bb">129</td> -<td class="br bb">113</td> -<td class="br bb">103</td> -<td class="br bb">115</td> -<td class="br bb">150</td> -<td class="br bb">455</td> -<td class="br bb">462</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Its 484 cells form, as they are numbered, a -Magic Square, in which all rows, columns, and -diagonals add up to 5335, and it is no easy -matter to determine in how many other symmetrical -ways its key-number can be found.</p> - -<p>When the cells outside each of the dark -border lines are removed, three other perfect -Magic Squares remain.</p> - -<p>Collectors should take particular note of this -masterpiece.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI8">[I-8]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_VIII">No. VIII.—A NOVEL MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>A Magic Square of nine cells can be built up -by taking any number divisible by 3, and placing, -as a start, its third in the central cell. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">28</td> -<td class="number">29</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">27</td> -<td class="number">31</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">30</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">26</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Say that 81 is chosen for the key number. -Place 27 in the centre; 28, 29, in cells 1, 2; 30 -in cell 7; 31 in 6; and then fill up cells 3, 4, 8, -and 9 with the numbers necessary to make up -81 in each row, column, and diagonal.</p> - -<p>Any number above 14 that is divisible by 3 -can be dealt with in this way.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_3">3</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Enriched I am with much that’s fat,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Yet money I possess not;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Enlightening all who come to me,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">True wisdom I express not.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I may be wicked, but protest<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That sinful none have found me;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though I destroy myself to be<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of use to those around me.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_3">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI9">[I-9]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_IX">No. IX.—TWIN MAGIC SQUARES</h4> - -<p>Among the infinite number of Magic Squares -which can be constructed, it would be difficult to -find a more remarkable setting of the numbers 1 -to 32 inclusive than this, in which two squares, -each of 16 cells, are perfect twins in characteristics -and curious combinations.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare twin" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">29</td> -<td class="number brd">28</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">30</td> -<td class="number">27</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number brd">7</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">32</td> -<td class="number brd">25</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">31</td> -<td class="number">26</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number brd">6</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>There are at least forty-eight different ways in -which 66 is the sum of four of these numbers. Besides -the usual rows, columns, and diagonals, any -square group of four, both corner sets, all -opposite pairs on the outer cells, and each set of -corresponding cells next to the corners, add up -exactly to 66.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_4">4</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Of Spanish extraction, my hue<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Is as dark as a negro can be;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I am solid, and yet it is true<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That in part I am wet as the sea,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second and first are the same<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In all but condition and name;<br /></span> -<span class="i6">My second can burst<br /></span> -<span class="i6">The abode of my first,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And my whole from the underground came.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_4">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI10">[I-10]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_X">No. X.—A BORDERED MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Here is a notable specimen of a Magic <span class="nowrap">Square:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">43</td> -<td class="number">39</td> -<td class="number">38</td> -<td class="number">40</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">49</td> -<td class="number bt2 bl2">15</td> -<td class="number bt2">16</td> -<td class="number bt2">33</td> -<td class="number bt2">30</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">31</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">48</td> -<td class="number bl2">37</td> -<td class="number bt2 bl2">22</td> -<td class="number bt2">27</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">26</td> -<td class="number br2">13</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">47</td> -<td class="number bl2">36</td> -<td class="number bl2">29</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2 bb2 bl2">25</td> -<td class="number br2">21</td> -<td class="number br2">14</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number bl2">18</td> -<td class="number bb2 bl2">24</td> -<td class="number bb2">23</td> -<td class="number br2 bb2">28</td> -<td class="number br2">32</td> -<td class="number">42</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number bb2 bl2">19</td> -<td class="number bb2">34</td> -<td class="number bb2">17</td> -<td class="number bb2">20</td> -<td class="number br2 bb2">35</td> -<td class="number">41</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">45</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">46</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The rows, columns, and diagonals all add up to -exactly 175 in the full square. Strip off the outside -cells all around, and a second Magic Square -remains, which adds up in all such ways to 125.</p> - -<p>Strip off another border, as is again indicated -by the darker lines, and a third Magic Square is -left, which adds up to 75.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_5">5<br /> -AN OLD ENIGMA<br /> -<span class="smcap fsize80">By Hannah More</span></h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I’m a strange contradiction: I’m new and I’m old,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’m sometimes in tatters and sometimes in gold,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though I never could read, yet letter’d I’m found,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though blind I enlighten, though free I am bound.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I’m English, I’m German, I’m French, and I’m Dutch;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Some love me too dearly, some slight me too much.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I often die young, though I sometimes live ages,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And no Queen is attended by so many pages.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_5">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI11">[I-11]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XI">No. XI.—A LARGER BORDERED MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Here is another example of what is called a -“bordered” Magic <span class="nowrap">Square:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">80</td> -<td class="number">59</td> -<td class="number">73</td> -<td class="number">61</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">63</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number bt2 bl2">20</td> -<td class="number bt2">55</td> -<td class="number bt2">30</td> -<td class="number bt2">57</td> -<td class="number bt2">28</td> -<td class="number bt2">71</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">26</td> -<td class="number">81</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number bl2">14</td> -<td class="number bt2 bl2">31</td> -<td class="number bt2">50</td> -<td class="number bt2">29</td> -<td class="number bt2">60</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">35</td> -<td class="number br2">68</td> -<td class="number">78</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">76</td> -<td class="number bl2">58</td> -<td class="number bl2">46</td> -<td class="number bt2 bl2">38</td> -<td class="number bt2">45</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">40</td> -<td class="number br2">36</td> -<td class="number br2">24</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number bl2">65</td> -<td class="number bl2">33</td> -<td class="number bl2">43</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2 bb2 bl2">41</td> -<td class="number br2">39</td> -<td class="number br2">49</td> -<td class="number br2">17</td> -<td class="number">75</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">74</td> -<td class="number bl2">64</td> -<td class="number bl2">48</td> -<td class="number bb2 bl2">42</td> -<td class="number bb2">37</td> -<td class="number br2 bb2">44</td> -<td class="number br2">31</td> -<td class="number br2">18</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">67</td> -<td class="number bl2">10</td> -<td class="number bb2 bl2">47</td> -<td class="number bb2">32</td> -<td class="number bb2">53</td> -<td class="number bb2">22</td> -<td class="number br2 bb2">51</td> -<td class="number br2">72</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number bb2 bl2">56</td> -<td class="number bb2">27</td> -<td class="number bb2">52</td> -<td class="number bb2">25</td> -<td class="number bb2">54</td> -<td class="number bb2">11</td> -<td class="number br2 bb2">62</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">69</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">79</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">70</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>These 81 cells form a complete magic square, -in which rows, columns, and diagonals add up to -369. As each border is removed fresh Magic -Squares are formed, of which the distinctive -numbers are 287, 205, and 123. The central 41 -is in every case the greatest common divisor.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI12">[I-12]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XII">No. XII.—A CENTURY OF CELLS</h4> - -<p>Can you complete this Magic Square, so that -the rows, columns, and diagonals add up in every -case to 505?</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>91</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>2</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>3</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>97</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>6</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>95</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>94</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>8</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>9</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>100</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>20</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>16</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>15</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>81</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>21</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>25</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>26</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>30</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>60</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>66</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>65</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>41</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>50</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>49</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>48</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>57</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>55</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>56</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>54</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>43</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>42</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>51</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>61</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>59</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>58</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>47</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>45</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>46</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>44</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>53</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>52</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>40</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>31</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>35</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>36</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>70</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>80</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>75</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>76</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>71</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>90</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>86</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>85</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>11</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>1</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>99</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>98</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>4</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>96</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>5</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>7</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>93</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>92</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>10</i></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>We have given you a substantial start, and, as -a further hint, as all the numbers in the first and -last columns end in 0 or 1, so in the two next -columns all end in 2 or 9, in the two next in 3 -or 8, in the two next in 4 or 7, and in the two -central columns in 5 or 6.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_6">6<br /> -HALLAM’S UNSOLVED ENIGMA</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I sit on a rock while I’m raising the wind,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But the storm once abated I’m gentle and kind.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’ve Kings at my feet, who await but my nod<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To kneel in the dust on the ground I have trod.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though seen to the world, I am known to but few,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The Gentile detests me, I’m pork to the Jew.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I never have passed but one night in the dark,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And that was with Noah alone in the ark.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My weight is three pounds, my length is a mile.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And when I’m discovered you’ll say, with a smile,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That my first and my last are the pride of this isle.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_6">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI13">[I-13]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XIII">No. XIII.—A SINGULAR MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>In this Magic Square, not only do the rows, -columns, and diagonals add up to 260, but this -same number is produced in three other and quite -unusual <span class="nowrap">ways:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">63</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">61</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">59</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">41</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">49</td> -<td class="number">32</td> -<td class="number">51</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">53</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">39</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">47</td> -<td class="number">36</td> -<td class="number">45</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">27</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">57</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">35</td> -<td class="number">46</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">28</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">26</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">31</td> -<td class="number">50</td> -<td class="number">29</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">43</td> -<td class="number">38</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">40</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">64</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">30</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">37</td> -<td class="number">42</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">34</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">52</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">54</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">56</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">48</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">62</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">60</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">58</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>(1) Each group of 8 numbers, ranged in a -circle round the centre; there are six of these, of -which the smallest is 22, 28, 38, 44, 19, 29, 35, -45, and the largest is 8, 10, 56, 58, 1, 15, 49, 63. -(2) The sum of the 4 central numbers and 4 -corners. (3) The diagonal cross of 4 numbers in -the middle of the board.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI14">[I-14]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XIV">No. XIV.—SQUARING THE YEAR</h4> - -<p>On <a href="#PageI18">another page</a> we give an interesting Magic -Square of 121 cells based upon the figures of the -year 1892. Here, in much more condensed form, -is one more up to date.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">637</td> -<td class="number">630</td> -<td class="number">635</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">632</td> -<td class="number">634</td> -<td class="number">636</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">633</td> -<td class="number">638</td> -<td class="number">631</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The rows, columns, and diagonals of these nine -cells add up in all cases to the figures of the -year 1902.</p> - -<p>The central 634 is found by dividing 1902 by -its lowest factor greater than 2, and this is taken -as the middle term of nine numbers, which are -thus arranged to form a Magic Square.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_7">7<br /> -RANK TREASON<br /> -<span class="smcap fsize80">By an Irish Rebel, 1798</span></h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The pomps of Courts and pride of Kings<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I prize above all earthly things;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I love my country, but the King<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Above all men his praise I sing.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The royal banners are displayed,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And may success the standard aid!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I fain would banish far from hence<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The “Rights of Men” and “Common Sense;”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Confusion to his odious reign,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That Foe to princes, Thomas Payne.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Defeat and ruin seize the cause<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of France, its liberties and laws!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">Where does the treason come in?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_7">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI15">[I-15]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XV">No. XV.—SQUARING ANOTHER YEAR</h4> - -<p>The following square of numbers is interesting -in connection with the year 1906.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare lettered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="letter br">A</td> -<td class="letter br">B</td> -<td class="letter br">C</td> -<td class="letter">D</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number br">476</td> -<td class="number br">469</td> -<td class="number br">477</td> -<td class="number">484</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="letter bt br">E</td> -<td class="letter bt br">F</td> -<td class="letter bt br">G</td> -<td class="letter bt">H</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number br">483</td> -<td class="number br">478</td> -<td class="number br">470</td> -<td class="number">475</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="letter bt br">I</td> -<td class="letter bt br">J</td> -<td class="letter bt br">K</td> -<td class="letter bt">L</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number br">471</td> -<td class="number br">474</td> -<td class="number br">482</td> -<td class="number">479</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="letter bt br">M</td> -<td class="letter bt br">N</td> -<td class="letter bt br">O</td> -<td class="letter bt">P</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number br">480</td> -<td class="number br">481</td> -<td class="number br">473</td> -<td class="number">472</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Magic"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">Add</td> -<td class="left">the rows</td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">—</td> -<td class="left">ABCD, EFGH, IJKL, MNOP.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padr1">or</td> -<td class="left">the squares</td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">—</td> -<td class="left">ABEF, CDGH, IJMN, KLOP.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="center top padr1">or</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="left top">semi-diagonals</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="center top padl0 padr0">—</td> -<td class="left">AFIN, BEJM, CHKP, DGLO,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left">AFCH, BEGD, INKP, MJOL.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">and the sum, in every case, is 1906. - -<span class="pagenum" id="PageI16">[I-16]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XVI">No. XVI.—MANIFOLD MAGIC SQUARES</h4> - -<p>Here is quite a curious nest of clustered Magic -Squares, which is worth <span class="nowrap">preserving:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number bt2 bl2">11</td> -<td class="number bt2">22</td> -<td class="number bt2">8</td> -<td class="number bt2">19</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">5</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number bl2">18</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number br2">7</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number bl2">25</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number br2">14</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number bl2">2</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number br2">16</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number bt2 bl2">1</td> -<td class="number bt2">12</td> -<td class="number bt2">23</td> -<td class="number bt2 bb2 bl2">9</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2 bb2">20</td> -<td class="number bb2">1</td> -<td class="number bb2">12</td> -<td class="number br2 bb2">23</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number bl2">8</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number br2">22</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number bl2">15</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number br2">4</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number bl2">17</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number br2">6</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number bb2 bl2">24</td> -<td class="number bb2">10</td> -<td class="number bb2">16</td> -<td class="number bb2">2</td> -<td class="number br2 bb2">13</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Every square of every possible combination of -25 of these numbers in their cells, such as the two -with darker borders, is a perfect Magic Square, -with rows, columns, and diagonals that add up -in all cases to 65.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_8">8<br /> -AN ENIGMA FOR CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Formed half beneath and half above the earth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We owe, as twins, to art our second birth.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The smith’s and carpenter’s adopted daughters,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Made upon earth, we travel on the waters.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Swifter we move as tighter we are bound,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet never touch the sea, or air, or ground.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We serve the poor for use, the rich for whim,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sink if it rains, and if it freezes swim.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_8">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI17">[I-17]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XVII">No. XVII.—LARGER AUXILIARY MAGIC -SQUARES</h4> - -<p>A very interesting method of constructing a -Magic Square is shown in these three <span class="nowrap">diagrams:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">37</td> -<td class="number">49</td> -<td class="number">61</td> -<td class="number">73</td> -<td class="number">85</td> -<td class="number">97</td> -<td class="number">109</td> -<td class="number">121</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">36</td> -<td class="number">48</td> -<td class="number">60</td> -<td class="number">72</td> -<td class="number">84</td> -<td class="number">96</td> -<td class="number">108</td> -<td class="number">120</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">71</td> -<td class="number">83</td> -<td class="number">95</td> -<td class="number">107</td> -<td class="number">119</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">35</td> -<td class="number">47</td> -<td class="number">59</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">106</td> -<td class="number">118</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">34</td> -<td class="number">46</td> -<td class="number">58</td> -<td class="number">70</td> -<td class="number">82</td> -<td class="number">94</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">32</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">45</td> -<td class="number">57</td> -<td class="number">69</td> -<td class="number">81</td> -<td class="number">93</td> -<td class="number">105</td> -<td class="number">117</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">56</td> -<td class="number">68</td> -<td class="number">80</td> -<td class="number">92</td> -<td class="number">104</td> -<td class="number">116</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">31</td> -<td class="number">43</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">79</td> -<td class="number">91</td> -<td class="number">103</td> -<td class="number">115</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">30</td> -<td class="number">42</td> -<td class="number">54</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">67</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">114</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">29</td> -<td class="number">41</td> -<td class="number">53</td> -<td class="number">65</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">78</td> -<td class="number">90</td> -<td class="number">102</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">28</td> -<td class="number">40</td> -<td class="number">52</td> -<td class="number">64</td> -<td class="number">76</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">89</td> -<td class="number">101</td> -<td class="number">113</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">63</td> -<td class="number">75</td> -<td class="number">87</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">100</td> -<td class="number">112</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">27</td> -<td class="number">39</td> -<td class="number">51</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">98</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -<td class="number">111</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">26</td> -<td class="number">38</td> -<td class="number">50</td> -<td class="number">62</td> -<td class="number">74</td> -<td class="number">86</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>It will be noticed that each row after the first, -in the two upper auxiliary squares, begins with -a number from the same column in the row -above it, and maintains the same sequence of -numbers. When the corresponding cells of these -two squares are added together, and placed in -the third square, a Magic Square is formed, in -which 671 is the sum of all rows, columns, and -diagonals.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI18">[I-18]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XVIII">No. XVIII.—SQUARING BY ANNO DOMINI</h4> - -<p>Here is a curious form of Magic Square. The -year 1892 is taken as its basis.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">112</td> -<td class="number">124</td> -<td class="number">136</td> -<td class="number">148</td> -<td class="number">160</td> -<td class="number">172</td> -<td class="number">184</td> -<td class="number">196</td> -<td class="number">208</td> -<td class="number">220</td> -<td class="number">232</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">147</td> -<td class="number">159</td> -<td class="number">171</td> -<td class="number">183</td> -<td class="number">195</td> -<td class="number">207</td> -<td class="number">219</td> -<td class="number">231</td> -<td class="number">122</td> -<td class="number">123</td> -<td class="number">135</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">182</td> -<td class="number">194</td> -<td class="number">206</td> -<td class="number">218</td> -<td class="number">230</td> -<td class="number">121</td> -<td class="number">133</td> -<td class="number">134</td> -<td class="number">146</td> -<td class="number">158</td> -<td class="number">170</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">217</td> -<td class="number">229</td> -<td class="number">120</td> -<td class="number">132</td> -<td class="number">144</td> -<td class="number">145</td> -<td class="number">157</td> -<td class="number">169</td> -<td class="number">181</td> -<td class="number">193</td> -<td class="number">205</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">131</td> -<td class="number">143</td> -<td class="number">155</td> -<td class="number">156</td> -<td class="number">168</td> -<td class="number">180</td> -<td class="number">192</td> -<td class="number">204</td> -<td class="number">216</td> -<td class="number">228</td> -<td class="number">119</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">166</td> -<td class="number">167</td> -<td class="number">179</td> -<td class="number">191</td> -<td class="number">203</td> -<td class="number">215</td> -<td class="number">227</td> -<td class="number">118</td> -<td class="number">130</td> -<td class="number">142</td> -<td class="number">154</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">190</td> -<td class="number">202</td> -<td class="number">214</td> -<td class="number">226</td> -<td class="number">117</td> -<td class="number">129</td> -<td class="number">141</td> -<td class="number">153</td> -<td class="number">165</td> -<td class="number">177</td> -<td class="number">178</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">225</td> -<td class="number">116</td> -<td class="number">128</td> -<td class="number">140</td> -<td class="number">152</td> -<td class="number">164</td> -<td class="number">176</td> -<td class="number">188</td> -<td class="number">189</td> -<td class="number">201</td> -<td class="number">213</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">139</td> -<td class="number">151</td> -<td class="number">163</td> -<td class="number">175</td> -<td class="number">187</td> -<td class="number">199</td> -<td class="number">200</td> -<td class="number">212</td> -<td class="number">224</td> -<td class="number">115</td> -<td class="number">127</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">174</td> -<td class="number">186</td> -<td class="number">198</td> -<td class="number">210</td> -<td class="number">211</td> -<td class="number">223</td> -<td class="number">114</td> -<td class="number">126</td> -<td class="number">138</td> -<td class="number">150</td> -<td class="number">162</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">209</td> -<td class="number">221</td> -<td class="number">222</td> -<td class="number">113</td> -<td class="number">125</td> -<td class="number">137</td> -<td class="number">149</td> -<td class="number">161</td> -<td class="number">173</td> -<td class="number">185</td> -<td class="number">197</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Within this square 1892 can be counted up in -all the usual ways, and altogether in 44 variations. -Thus any two rows that run parallel to a -diagonal, and have between them eleven cells, -add up to this number, if they are on opposite -sides of the diagonal.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_9">9</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The sun, the sun is my delight!<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I shun a gloomy day,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though I am often seen at night<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To dart across the way.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sometimes you see me climb a wall<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As nimble as a cat,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then down into a pit I fall<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Like any frightened rat.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Catch me who can—woman or man—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">None have succeeded who after me ran.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_9">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI19">[I-19]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XIX">No. XIX.—A MAGIC SQUARE OF SEVEN</h4> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>1</i></td> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>8</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>2</i></td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>15</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>9</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>3</i></td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="bordered bt2 bl2"><i>22</i></td> -<td class="bordered bt2"><i>47</i></td> -<td class="bordered bt2"><i>16</i></td> -<td class="bordered bt2"><i>41</i></td> -<td class="bordered bt2"><i>10</i></td> -<td class="bordered bt2"><i>35</i></td> -<td class="bordered bt2 br2"><i>4</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>29</i></td> -<td class="bordered bl2"><i>5</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>23</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>48</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>17</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>42</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>11</i></td> -<td class="bordered br2"><i>29</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>5</i></td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>36</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered bl2"><i>30</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>6</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>24</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>49</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>18</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>36</i></td> -<td class="bordered br2"><i>12</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>6</i></td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered"><i>43</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>37</i></td> -<td class="bordered bl2"><i>13</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>31</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>7</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>25</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>43</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>19</i></td> -<td class="bordered br2"><i>37</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>13</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>7</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>44</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered bl2"><i>38</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>14</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>32</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>1</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>26</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>44</i></td> -<td class="bordered br2"><i>20</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>14</i></td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>45</i></td> -<td class="bordered bl2"><i>21</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>39</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>8</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>33</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>2</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>27</i></td> -<td class="bordered br2"><i>45</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>21</i></td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="bordered bb2 bl2"><i>46</i></td> -<td class="bordered bb2"><i>15</i></td> -<td class="bordered bb2"><i>40</i></td> -<td class="bordered bb2"><i>9</i></td> -<td class="bordered bb2"><i>34</i></td> -<td class="bordered bb2"><i>3</i></td> -<td class="bordered br2 bb2"><i>28</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>47</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>41</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>35</i></td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>48</i></td> -<td class="bordered"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>42</i></td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>49</i></td> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>This Magic Square of 49 cells is constructed -with a diagonal arrangement of the numbers from -1 to 49 in their proper order. Those that fall -outside the central square are written into it in -the seventh cell inwards from where they stand. -It is interesting to find out the many combinations -in which the number 175 is made up.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_10">10<br /> -WHAT MOVED HIM?</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I grasped it, meaning nothing wrong,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And moved to meet my friend,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When lo! the stalwart man and strong<br /></span> -<span class="i2">At once began to bend.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The biped by the quadruped<br /></span> -<span class="i2">No longer upright stood,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But bowed the knee and bent his head<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Before the carved wood.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_10">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI20">[I-20]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XX">No. XX.—CURIOUS SQUARES</h4> - -<p>These are two interesting Magic Squares -found on an antique gong, at Caius College, -<span class="nowrap">Cambridge:—</span></p> - -<div class="split5050"> - -<div class="left5050"> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--left5050--> - -<div class="right5050"> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--right5050--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split5050--> - -<p>In the one nine numbers are so arranged that -they count up to 27 in every direction; and in -the other the outer rows total 30, while the -central rows and diagonals make 40.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_11">11<br /> -RINGING THE CHANGES</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My figure, singular and slight,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Measures but half enough at sight.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I rode the waters day and night.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I tell the new in Time’s quick flight,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or how old ages rolled in might.<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Cut off my tail, it still is on!<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Put on my head, and there is none!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_11">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI21">[I-21]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXI">No. XXI.—A MOORISH MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Among Moorish Mussulmans 78 is a mystic -number.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic Square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">40</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">41</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">42</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">43</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Here is a cleverly-constructed Magic Square, to -which this number is the key.</p> - -<p>The number 78 can be arrived at in twenty-three -different combinations—namely, ten rows, -columns, or diagonals; four corner squares of -four cells; one central square of four cells; the -four corner cells; two sets of corresponding -diagonal cells next to the corners; and two sets -of central cells on the top and bottom rows, and -on the outside columns.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI22">[I-22]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXII">No. XXII.—A CHOICE MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Here is a Magic Square of singular <span class="nowrap">charm:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">31</td> -<td class="number">36</td> -<td class="number br2">29</td> -<td class="number">76</td> -<td class="number">81</td> -<td class="number br2">74</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">30</td> -<td class="number">32</td> -<td class="number br2">34</td> -<td class="number">75</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number br2">79</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">35</td> -<td class="number">28</td> -<td class="number br2">33</td> -<td class="number">80</td> -<td class="number">73</td> -<td class="number br2">78</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number bt2">22</td> -<td class="number bt2">27</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">20</td> -<td class="number bt2">40</td> -<td class="number bt2">45</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">38</td> -<td class="number bt2">58</td> -<td class="number bt2">63</td> -<td class="number bt2">56</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number br2">25</td> -<td class="number">39</td> -<td class="number">41</td> -<td class="number br2">43</td> -<td class="number">57</td> -<td class="number">59</td> -<td class="number">61</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">26</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number br2">24</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">37</td> -<td class="number br2">42</td> -<td class="number">62</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">60</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number bt2">67</td> -<td class="number bt2">72</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">65</td> -<td class="number bt2">4</td> -<td class="number bt2">9</td> -<td class="number bt2 br2">2</td> -<td class="number bt2">49</td> -<td class="number bt2">54</td> -<td class="number bt2">47</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">68</td> -<td class="number br2">70</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number br2">7</td> -<td class="number">48</td> -<td class="number">50</td> -<td class="number">52</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">71</td> -<td class="number">64</td> -<td class="number br2">69</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number br2">6</td> -<td class="number">53</td> -<td class="number">46</td> -<td class="number">51</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The 81 cells of this remarkable square are -divided by parallel lines into 9 equal parts, -each made up of 9 consecutive numbers, and -each a Magic Square in itself within the parent -square. Readers can work out for themselves the -combinations in the larger square and in the -little ones.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_12">12<br /> -CANNING’S ENIGMA</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">There is a noun of plural number,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Foe to peace and tranquil slumber.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now almost any noun you take<br /></span> -<span class="i0">By adding “s” you plural make.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But if you add an “s” to this<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Strange is the metamorphosis.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Plural is plural now no more,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And sweet what bitter was before.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_12">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI23">[I-23]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXIII">XXIII.—THE TWIN PUZZLE SQUARES</h4> - -<table class="twinsquare" summary="Magic squares"> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br bl2">1</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br">2</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br2">3</td> -<td> </td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br bl2"> </td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br">2</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br2">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bl2"> </td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br">5</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br2">6</td> -<td> </td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bl2">4</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br">5</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bt2 bb2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb2 bl2">7</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb2">8</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br2 bb2"> </td> -<td> </td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb2 bl2">7</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb2">8</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br2 bb2">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Fill each square by repeating two of its figures -in the vacant cells. Then rearrange them all, so -that the sums of the corresponding rows in each -square are equal, and the sums of the squares of -the corresponding cells of these rows are also -equal; and so that the sums of the four diagonals -are equal, and the sum of the squares of the cells -in corresponding diagonals are equal.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XXIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_13">13</h4> - -<p>There is an old-world charm about this <span class="nowrap">Enigma:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In the ears of young and old<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I repeat what I am told;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And they hear me, old and young,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though I have no busy tongue.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When a thunder-clap awakes me<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Not a touch of terror takes me;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet so tender is my ear<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That the softest sound I fear.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Call me not with bated breath,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For a whisper is my death.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_13">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI24">[I-24]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXIV">No: XXIV.—MAGIC FRACTIONS</h4> - -<p>Here is an arrangement of fractions which form -a perfect Magic <span class="nowrap">Square:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">3</span><span class="denom">8</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">5</span><span class="denom">12</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">5</span><span class="denom">24</span></span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">6</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">3</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">2</span></span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">11</span><span class="denom">24</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">4</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">7</span><span class="denom">24</span></span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>If these fractions are added together in any one -of the eight directions, the result in every case is -unity. Thus <sup>3</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub> + <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub> + -<sup>7</sup>⁄<sub>24</sub> = 1, <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>6</sub> + <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub> + -<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> = 1, and so -on throughout the rows, columns, and diagonals.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_14">14<br /> -“DOUBLE, DOUBLE, TOIL AND TROUBLE!”</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“By hammer and hand<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All arts do stand”—<br /></span> -<span class="i4">So says an ancient saw;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But hammer and hand<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Will work or stand<br /></span> -<span class="i4">By my unwritten law.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Behold me, as sparks from the anvils fly,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But fires lie down at my bitter cry.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_14">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI25">[I-25]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXV">No. XXV.—MORE MAGIC FRACTIONS</h4> - -<p>We are indebted to a friend for the following -elaborate Magic Square of fractions, on the lines -of that on the preceding page.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">19</span><span class="denom">80</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">7</span><span class="denom">20</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">40</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">11</span><span class="denom">80</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">4</span></span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">13</span><span class="denom">40</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">8</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">9</span><span class="denom">80</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">9</span><span class="denom">40</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">17</span><span class="denom">80</span></span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">10</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">7</span><span class="denom">80</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">5</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">5</span><span class="denom">16</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">3</span><span class="denom">10</span></span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">3</span><span class="denom">16</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">7</span><span class="denom">40</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">23</span><span class="denom">80</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">11</span><span class="denom">40</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">3</span><span class="denom">40</span></span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">3</span><span class="denom">20</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">21</span><span class="denom">80</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">3</span><span class="denom">8</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">1</span><span class="denom">20</span></span></td> -<td class="number"><span class="fraction"><span class="num">13</span><span class="denom">80</span></span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The composer claims that there are at least 160 -combinations of 5 cells in which these fractions -add up to unity, including, of course, the usual -rows, columns, and diagonals.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_15">15</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two brothers wisely kept apart,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Together ne’er employed;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though to one purpose we are bent<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Each takes a different side.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We travel much, yet prisoners are,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And close confined to boot,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Can with the fleetest horse keep pace,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Yet always go on foot.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_15">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI26">[I-26]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXVI">No. XXVI.—A MAGIC OBLONG</h4> - -<p>On similar lines to Magic Squares, but as a -distinct variety, we give below a specimen of a -Magic Oblong.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic oblong"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -<td class="number">29</td> -<td class="number">28</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">30</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">27</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">31</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">26</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">32</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The four rows of this Oblong add up in each -case to 132, and its eight columns to 66. Two of -its diagonals, from 10 to 5 and from 28 to 23, -also total 66, as do the four squares at the right-hand -ends of the top and bottom double rows.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_16">16</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My name declares my date to be<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The morning of a Christian year;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And motherless, as all agree,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And yet a mother, too, ’tis clear.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A father, too, which none dispute,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And when my son comes I’m a fruit.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And, not to puzzle overmuch,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">’Twas I took Holland for the Dutch.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_16">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_17">17</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My head is ten times ten,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My body is but one.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Add just five hundred more, and then<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My history is done.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Although I own no royal throne,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Throughout the sunny South in fame I stand alone.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_17">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI27">[I-27]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXVII">No. XXVII.—A MAGIC CUBE</h4> - -<p>Much more complicated than the Magic Square -is the Magic Cube.</p> - -<div class="split5050"> - -<div class="left5050"> - -<p class="caption above">First Layer from Top.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">121</td> -<td class="number">27</td> -<td class="number">83</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">70</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">61</td> -<td class="number">117</td> -<td class="number">48</td> -<td class="number">79</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">100</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">57</td> -<td class="number">113</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">53</td> -<td class="number">109</td> -<td class="number">40</td> -<td class="number">91</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">87</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">74</td> -<td class="number">105</td> -<td class="number">31</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--left5050--> - -<div class="right5050"> - -<p class="caption above">Second Layer from Top.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">58</td> -<td class="number">114</td> -<td class="number">45</td> -<td class="number">96</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">36</td> -<td class="number">92</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">54</td> -<td class="number">110</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">75</td> -<td class="number">101</td> -<td class="number">32</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">84</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">122</td> -<td class="number">28</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">118</td> -<td class="number">49</td> -<td class="number">80</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">62</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--right5050--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split5050--> - -<div class="split5050"> - -<div class="left5050"> - -<p class="caption above">Third Layer from Top.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">89</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">71</td> -<td class="number">102</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">67</td> -<td class="number">123</td> -<td class="number">29</td> -<td class="number">85</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">76</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">63</td> -<td class="number">119</td> -<td class="number">50</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">115</td> -<td class="number">41</td> -<td class="number">97</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">59</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">106</td> -<td class="number">37</td> -<td class="number">93</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--left5050--> - -<div class="right5050"> - -<p class="caption above">Fourth Layer from Top.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">64</td> -<td class="number">120</td> -<td class="number">46</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">98</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">60</td> -<td class="number">111</td> -<td class="number">42</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">107</td> -<td class="number">38</td> -<td class="number">94</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">51</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">72</td> -<td class="number">103</td> -<td class="number">34</td> -<td class="number">90</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">30</td> -<td class="number">81</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">68</td> -<td class="number">124</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--right5050--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split5050--> - -<p class="caption above">Lowest Layer.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">95</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">52</td> -<td class="number">108</td> -<td class="number">39</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">104</td> -<td class="number">35</td> -<td class="number">86</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">73</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">69</td> -<td class="number">125</td> -<td class="number">26</td> -<td class="number">82</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">47</td> -<td class="number">78</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">65</td> -<td class="number">116</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">56</td> -<td class="number">112</td> -<td class="number">43</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Those who enjoy such feats with figures will -find it interesting to work out the many ways in -which, when the layers are placed one upon -another, and form a cube, the number 315 is -obtained by adding together the cell-numbers -that lie in lines in the length, breadth, and thickness -of the cube.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_18">18</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sad offspring of a blighted race,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Pale Sorrow was my mother;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’ve never seen the smiling face<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of sister or of brother.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Of all the saddest things on earth,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">There’s none more sad than I,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No heart rejoices at my birth.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And with a breath I die!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_18">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI28">[I-28]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXVIII">No. XXVIII.—A MAGIC CIRCLE</h4> - -<p>The Magic Circle below has this particular -<span class="nowrap">property:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo036.png" alt="Magic circle" /> -</div> - -<table class="diamondshape illotext" summary="Magic circle"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>32</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td><i>61</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>94</i></td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td><i>52</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>38</i></td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>191</i></td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td><i>4</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>28</i></td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td><i>193</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td><i>26</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>44</i></td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td><i>98</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>67</i></td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>16</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="blankbefore75">The 14 numbers ranged in smaller circles -within its circumference are such that the sum of -the squares of any adjacent two of them is equal -to the sum of the squares of the pair diametrically -opposite.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_19">19</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Add a hundred and nothing to ten,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And the same to a hundred times more,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Catch a bee, send it after them, then<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Make an end of a fop and a bore.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_19">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI29">[I-29]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXIX">No. XXIX.—MAGIC CIRCLE OF CIRCLES</h4> - -<p>We have had some good specimens of Magic -Squares. Here is a very curious and most interesting -Magic Circle, in which particular numbers, -from 12 to 75 inclusive, are arranged in 8 concentric -circular spaces and in 8 radiating lines, -with the central 12 common to them all.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo037.png" alt="Magic circle" /> -</div> - -<table class="diamondshape illotext" summary="Magic circle"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>62</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>73</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>24</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>15</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>71</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>64</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>17</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>22</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>69</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>66</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>19</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>20</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>60</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>75</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>26</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>13</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered"><i>57</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>31</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>48</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>38</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>50</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>36</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>59</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>29</i></td> -<td rowspan="2" colspan="2" class="bordered"><i>12</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>74</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>12</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>67</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>21</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>65</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>23</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>72</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>14</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered"><i>46</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>40</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>55</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>33</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>53</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>35</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>44</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>42</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>16</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>27</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>68</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>18</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>70</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>16</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>63</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>25</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>45</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>58</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>43</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>28</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>52</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>51</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>34</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>37</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>54</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>49</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>32</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>39</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>47</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>56</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -<td class="bordered"><i>41</i></td> -<td class="bordered"><i>30</i></td> -<td colspan="8"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="blankbefore75">The sum of all the numbers in any of the -concentric circular spaces, with the 12, is 360, -which is the number of degrees in a circle.</p> - -<p>The sum of the numbers in each radiating line -with the 12, is also 360.</p> - -<p>The sum of the numbers in the upper or lower -half of any of the circular spaces, with half of 12, -is 180, the degrees of a semi-circle.</p> - -<p>The sum of any outer or inner four of the -numbers on the radiating lines, with the half of -12, is also 180.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI30">[I-30]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXX">No. XXX.—THE UNIQUE TRIANGLE</h4> - -<p>In the following triangle, if two couples of the -figures on opposite sides are transposed, the -sums of the sides become equal, and also the -sums of the squares of the numbers that lie along -the sides. Which are the figures that must be -transposed?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo038.png" alt="Magic triangle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<table class="diamondshape illotext" summary="Magic triangle"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>5</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>4</td> -<td> </td> -<td>6</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>3</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>7</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>2</td> -<td> </td> -<td>1</td> -<td> </td> -<td>9</td> -<td> </td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XXX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_20">20</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">They did not climb in hope of gain,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But at stern duty’s call;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">They were united in their aim,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Divided in their fall.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_20">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_21">21</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Forsaken in some desert vast,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Where never human being dwelt,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or on some lonely island cast,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Unseen, unheard, I still am felt.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Brimful of talent, sense, and wit,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I cannot speak or understand;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’m out of sight in Church, and yet<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Grace many temples in the land.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_21">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI31">[I-31]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXI">No. XXXI.—MAGIC TRIANGLES</h4> - -<p>Here is a nest of concentric triangles. Can -you arrange the first 18 numbers at their angles, -and at the centres of their sides, so that they -count 19, 38, or 57 in many ways, down, across, -or along some angles?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo039.png" alt="Concentric triangles" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This curiosity is found in an old document of -the Mathematical Society of Spitalfields, dated -1717.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XXXI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_22">22</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Allow me, pray, to go as first,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And then as number two;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then after these, why, there you are,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To follow as is due.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">But lest you never guess this queer<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And hyperbolic fable,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Pray let there follow after that<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Whatever may be able.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_22">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI32">[I-32]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXII">No. XXXII.—TWIN TRIANGLES</h4> - -<p>The numbers outside these twin triangles give -the sum of the squares of the four figures of the -adjacent <span class="nowrap">sides:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo040.png" alt="Triangles" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<table class="diamondshape illotext" summary="Triangles"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>7</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td><i>2</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>3</i></td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>135</i></td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td><i>99</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td><i>9</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>5</i></td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>1</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>8</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>6</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>4</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>117</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>*</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>137</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>6</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>4</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>2</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>9</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td><i>5</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>1</i></td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>119</i></td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td><i>155</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td><i>7</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>8</i></td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td><i>3</i></td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="blankbefore75">The twins are also closely allied on these <span class="nowrap">points:—</span></p> - -<p>18 is the common difference of 99, 117, 135, -and of 119, 137, 155.</p> - -<p>19 is the sum of each side of the upper triangle.</p> - -<p>20 is the common difference of any two sums -of squares symmetrically placed, both being on -a line through the central spot.</p> - -<p>21 is the sum of each side of the lower triangle.</p> - -<p>10 is the sum of any two figures in the two -triangles that correspond.</p> - -<p>254 is the sum of 135, 119, of 117, 137, and -of 90, 155.</p> - -<p>By transposing in each triangle the figures -joined by dotted lines, the nine digits run in -natural sequence.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI33">[I-33]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXIII">No. XXXIII.—A MAGIC HEXAGON</h4> - -<p>We have dealt with Magic Squares, Circles, -and Triangles. Here is a Magic Hexagon, or a -nest of Hexagons, in which the numbers from 1 -to 73 are arranged about the common centre 37.</p> - -<table class="hexagon illotext" summary="Magic hexagon"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -<td>1</td> -<td> </td> -<td>5</td> -<td> </td> -<td>6</td> -<td> </td> -<td>70</td> -<td> </td> -<td>60</td> -<td> </td> -<td>59</td> -<td> </td> -<td>58</td> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td>63</td> -<td colspan="13"> </td> -<td>8</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>62</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>19</td> -<td> </td> -<td>53</td> -<td> </td> -<td>46</td> -<td> </td> -<td>22</td> -<td> </td> -<td>45</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>9</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>61</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>20</td> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td>24</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>64</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>2</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>48</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>31</td> -<td> </td> -<td>42</td> -<td> </td> -<td>38</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>49</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>57</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>3</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>47</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>39</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td>40</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>44</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>56</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>67</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>51</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>41</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>37</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>33</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>23</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>66</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>50</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>34</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td>35</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>54</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>11</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>65</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>25</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>36</td> -<td> </td> -<td>32</td> -<td> </td> -<td>43</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>26</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>12</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>10</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>30</td> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td>27</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>13</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>17</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>29</td> -<td> </td> -<td>21</td> -<td> </td> -<td>28</td> -<td> </td> -<td>52</td> -<td> </td> -<td>55</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>72</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td>18</td> -<td colspan="13"> </td> -<td>71</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -<td>16</td> -<td> </td> -<td>69</td> -<td> </td> -<td>68</td> -<td> </td> -<td>4</td> -<td> </td> -<td>14</td> -<td colspan="1"> </td> -<td>15</td> -<td colspan="1"> </td> -<td>73</td> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Each of these Hexagons always gives the same -sum, when counted along the six sides, or along -the six diameters which join its corners, or along -the six which are at right angles to its sides. -These sums are 259, 185, and 111.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_23">23</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When I am in, its four legs have no motion;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When I am out, as fish it swims the ocean.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then, if transposed, it strides across a stream,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or adds its quality to eyes that gleam.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_23">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI34">[I-34]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXIV">No. XXXIV.—MAGIC HEXAGON IN -A CIRCLE</h4> - -<p>Inscribe six equilateral triangles in a circle, as -shown in this diagram, so as to form a regular -hexagon.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo042.png" alt="Circle and hexagons" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Now place the nine digits round the sides of -each of the triangles, so that their sum on each -side may be 20, and so that, while there are no -two triangles exactly alike in arrangement, the -squares of the sums on the other sides may be -alternately equal.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XXXIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_24">24<br /> -A PERSONAL ENIGMA</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We can but see his sad reverse,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And while we say alas!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We hail his work so keen and terse,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With just a touch of gas.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_24">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI35">[I-35]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXV">No. XXXV.—A MAGIC CROSS</h4> - -<p>There are 33 different combinations of four of -the numbers in the cells of this magic cross -which total up in each case to 26.</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic cross"> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="btd br bb bld"><i>1</i></td> -<td class="btd brd bb"><i>12</i></td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="btd br bb bld"><i>9</i></td> -<td class="br bb"><i>8</i></td> -<td class="br bb"><i>5</i></td> -<td class="btd brd bb"><i>4</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bld br"><i>2</i></td> -<td class="br bb"><i>7</i></td> -<td class="br bb"><i>6</i></td> -<td class="brd"><i>11</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="btd"> </td> -<td class="br bbd bld"><i>10</i></td> -<td class="bbd brd"><i>3</i></td> -<td class="btd"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Those who care to work them out on separate -crosses will find that there is a very regular -correspondence in the positions which the numbers -occupy.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_25">25</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What boy can live on with a prospect of age,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If you cut off his head at an early stage?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_25">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_26">26<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Lord Macaulay</span></h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Here’s plenty of water, you’ll all of you say;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And minus the <i>h</i> a thing used every day;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And here is nice beverage; put them together—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What is it with claws, but with never a feather?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_26">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI36">[I-36]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXVI">No. XXXVI.—A CHARMING PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>Here is quite a charming little puzzle, which is -by no means easy of <span class="nowrap">accomplishment:—</span></p> - -<table class="hexagon" summary="Puzzle"> - -<tr> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Start from one of these nine dots, and without -taking the pen from the paper draw four straight -lines which pass through them all. Each line, -after the first, must start where the preceding one -ends.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XXXVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_27">27<br /> -A BROKEN TALE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The deil jumped<br /></span> -<span class="i4">the clouds so high<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That he bounded almost<br /></span> -<span class="i10">right<br /></span> -<span class="i8">the sky.<br /></span> -<span class="i6">the trees<br /></span> -<span class="i4">gates and fields and<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He dodged with his tail<br /></span> -<span class="i8">dragging<br /></span> -<span class="i8">all these,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But, alas! made a terrible<br /></span> -<span class="i15">bl,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For a twist in his tail<br /></span> -<span class="i8">a rail,<br /></span> -<span class="i8">hooked<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And broke that appendage<br /></span> -<span class="i15">as.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_27">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI37">[I-37]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXVII">No. XXXVII.—LEAP-FROG</h4> - -<p>Place on a chess or draught-board three white -men on the squares marked <i>a</i>, and three black -men on the squares marked <i>b</i>.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Leap-frog"> - -<tr> -<td class="number"><i>a</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>a</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>a</i></td> -<td class="number"> </td> -<td class="number"><i>b</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>b</i></td> -<td class="number"><i>b</i></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The pieces marked <i>a</i> can only move one square -at a time, from left to right, and those marked <i>b</i> -one square at a time, from right to left, on to -unoccupied squares; and any piece can leap over -one of the other colour, on to an unoccupied -square. What is the least number of moves in -which the positions of the white and the black -men can be reversed, so that each square now -occupied by a white is occupied by a black, and -each now occupied by a black holds a white -piece?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XXXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_28">28</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To a word of assent join the first half of fright,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then add what will never be seen in the night.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">By such a conjunction we quickly attain<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What most men have seen, but can’t see again.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_28">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_29">29</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is stately, proud, and grave,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My next will guard your treasure;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole, a slow but sturdy slave,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Will wait upon your pleasure.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_29">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI38">[I-38]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXVIII">No. XXXVIII.—SORTING THE COUNTERS</h4> - -<p>In the upper row of this diagram four white -and four black counters are placed alternately.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo046a.png" alt="Counters" /> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo046b.png" alt="Counters" /> -</div> - -<p>It is possible, by moving these counters two -at a time, to arrange them in four moves as they -stand on the lower row. Can you do this? -Draughtsmen are handy for solving this puzzle, -on a paper ruled as above.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XXXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_30">30</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I am a word of letters six,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">First link me with your mind;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then shuffle me, and lo! I mix<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With grief of noisy kind.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Shake me again, and you may fix<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A cloak that hangs behind.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_30">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_31">31</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We are of use to every man<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In walking, riding, rambling;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We join the gambols of the knave,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And play the knave in gambling!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_31">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI39">[I-39]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XXXIX">No. XXXIX.—A TRANSFORMATION</h4> - -<p>Take five wooden matches, and bend each of -them into a V. Place them together, as is shown -in the diagram, so that they take the form of an -asterisk, or a ten-pointed star.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo047.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Lay them on some smooth surface, and without -touching them transform them into a star with -five points.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XXXIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_32">32</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Strange that a straggling tiresome weed<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Will change its meaning quite,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And turn into a sign of grief<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If we transpose it right;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And, stranger still, transposed again<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Will tell of ease from grief or pain.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_32">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_33">33</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Find me two English verbs that ever<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In a united state will blend,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Let one say “join,” the other “sever,”<br /></span> -<span class="i2">While I divide them to the end.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_33">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI40">[I-40]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XL">No. XL.—DOMINO BUILDING</h4> - -<p>It is possible, with plenty of patience, to -build up a whole set of dominoes, so that they -are safely supported on only two stones set up on -end.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo048.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -<p>This, which might well seem impossible, is done -by placing, as a foundation, dominoes in the -positions indicated by dotted lines. The arch is -then carefully constructed, as shown in the -diagram, and for the finish the four stones between -the two foundation arches are drawn out, and -placed in pairs on end above, and finally, with the -utmost care, the other four are drawn away, and -built in on the top. Thus the stones indicated by -the dotted lines at the base take their place -within the dotted lines above.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI41">[I-41]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLI">No. XLI.—FAST AND LOOSE</h4> - -<p>This diagram represents a shallow box, on the -bottom of which twelve counters or draughtsmen -are lying loose.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo049.png" alt="Shallow box" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>How can they be readjusted so that they will -wedge themselves together, and against the side of -the box, and it can be turned upside down without -displacing them?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XLI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_34">34</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Taken entire<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I’m full of fire.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With head away<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A tax I pay.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If tail you bar<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I turn from tar.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Headless again,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With tail restored.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Goddess of pain,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I sow discord.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_34">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI42">[I-42]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLII">No. XLII.—MAZY PROGRESS.</h4> - -<p>The diagram below is an exact reproduction of -an old-fashioned maze, cut in the ground near -Nottingham. It is eighteen yards square, and the -black line represents the pathway, which is 535 -feet in length.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo050.png" alt="Maze" /> -</div> - -<p>The point of this convoluted path is not so much -to puzzle people, as to show how much ground -may be covered without diverging far from a -centre, or going over the same ground twice. As -we advance along the line there are no obstructions, -and we find ourselves, after passing over -the whole of it, on the spot whence we set out.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_35">35</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Thrice three pins in shining line<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Mary meant to fix;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Why did Mary turn the nine<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Into thirty-six?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_35">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI43">[I-43]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLIII">No. XLIII.—FOR CLEVER PENCILS</h4> - -<p>Start at <i>A</i>, and trace these figures with one -continuous line, finishing at <i>B</i>.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo051.png" alt="Maze" /> -</div> - -<p>You must not take your pencil from the paper, -or go over any line twice.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XLIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_36">36</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A ring and a wing and three-fourths of a fog,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Will bring to your view a most obstinate dog.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_36">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_37">37</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Add fifty-seven to two-thirds of one,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Then take a fiddle,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And it will help to show you what is done,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To make this riddle.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_37">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_38">38</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I am a fish so neat and clever,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In pools and crystal streams I play,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To find me out my name you sever<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As near the middle as you may.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_38">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI44">[I-44]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLIV">No. XLIV.—TEST AND TRY</h4> - -<p>Those who have not seen it will find some real -fun in the following little experiment. Fix three -matches as shown in the diagram, light the cross -match in the middle, and watch to see which of -the ends will first catch fire, or what will happen.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo052.png" alt="Matchbox" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_39">39</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I stand stock still, let who will hurry,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You cannot put me in a flurry,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor stir my stumps, for all your worry.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I am in haste, let none delay me<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As fleetest couriers convey me.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You must transpose me ere you stay me.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_39">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_40">40</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two to one, in case we hide,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You will find us in our site;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We are harmless side by side,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Parted we prepare to bite.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When united we divide,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When divided we unite.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_40">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI45">[I-45]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLV">No. XLV.—A CURIOUS PHENOMENON</h4> - -<p>Equal volumes of alcohol and water, when -mixed, occupy less space than when separate, to -the extent indicated in this picture:</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo053.png" alt="Bottles" /> -</div> - -<p>If the sum of the volume of the two separate -liquids is 100, the volume of the mixture will be -only 94. It is thought that the molecules of the -two liquids accommodate themselves to each -other, so as to reduce the pores and diminish the -volume of the mixture.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_41">41</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Cut off my head, I’m every inch a king,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A warrior formed to deal a heavy blow;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Halve what remains, my second is a thing<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Which nothing but my third can e’er make go.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole will vary as you take your line,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">This less than human, that way all divine.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_41">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_42">42</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">One half of me in solid earth you find,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The other half in ocean’s ample bed:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When in my whole we see these parts combined,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The earth remains, but all the sea is fled.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_42">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI46">[I-46]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLVI">No. XLVI.—A HOME-MADE MICROSCOPE</h4> - -<p>The simplest and cheapest of all microscopes -can easily be made at home. The only materials -needed are a thin slip of glass, on to which one -or two short paper tubes, coated with black -sealing wax, are cemented with the wax, a small -stick, and a tumbler half full of water.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo054.png" alt="Glass microscope" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Water is dropped gradually by aid of the stick -into the cells, until lenses are formed of the -desired convexity, and objects held below the -glass will be more or less magnified.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_43">43</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Not ever changed unless unchanged,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Nor hanged unless beheaded;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Quick eyes may find in me arranged<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Almost an angel bedded.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_43">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI47">[I-47]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLVII">No. XLVII.—A PRETTY EXPERIMENT</h4> - -<p>For this curious experiment a glass bottle or -decanter about half full of water and a sound -stalk of straw are needed.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo055.png" alt="Straw in bottle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Bend the straw without breaking it, and put -it, as is shown, into the bottle, which can then -be lifted steadily and safely by the straw, if it -is a sound one.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_44">44<br /> -“WHAT THE DICKENS IS HIS NAME?”<br /> -<span class="righth4"><i>Merry Wives of Windsor.</i></span></h4> - -<p>A Russian nobleman had three sons. Rab, the -eldest, became a lawyer, his brother Mary was a -soldier, and the youngest was sent to sea. What -was his name?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_44">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI48">[I-48]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLVIII">No. XLVIII.—A BOTTLED BUTTON</h4> - -<p>The button in a clear glass bottle, as is shown -below, hangs attached by a thread to the cork, -which is securely sealed at the top.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo056.png" alt="Bottled button" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>How can you sever the thread so that the -button falls to the bottom without uncorking or -breaking the bottle?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XLVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_45">45<br /> -A NEW “LIGHT BRIGADE”</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Six before six before<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Five times a hundred;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This must be brilliant, or<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Solvers have blundered.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_45">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI49">[I-49]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XLIX">No. XLIX.—CLEARING THE WAY</h4> - -<p>Here is a pretty trick which requires an empty -bottle, a lucifer match, and a small coin.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo057.png" alt="Coin on bottle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Break the wooden match almost in half, and -place it and the coin in the position shown above. -Now consider how you can cause the coin to -drop into the bottle, if no one touches it, or the -match, or the bottle.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XLIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_46">46</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Scorned by the meek and humble mind,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And often by the vain possessed,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Heard by the deaf, seen by the blind,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I give the troubled spirit rest.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_46">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_47">47</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To fifty for my half append<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Two-thirds of one;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The other third my whole will end<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When you have done.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_47">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI50">[I-50]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_L">No. L.—IS WATER POROUS?</h4> - -<p>Our belief that two portions of matter cannot -occupy the same space at the same time is -almost shaken by the following experiment:</p> - -<div class="container60pc"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo058.png" alt="Glass" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>If we introduce slowly some fine powdered -sugar into a tumblerful of warm water a considerable -quantity may be dissolved in the water -without increasing its bulk.</p> - -<p>It is thought that the atoms of the water are -so disposed as to receive the sugar between them, -as a scuttle filled with coal might accommodate -a quantity of sand.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_48">48<br /> -A DOUBLE SHUFFLE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">See, the letters that I bring<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Change their meaning quite;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Spell a hard and heavy thing,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Spell a soft and light.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_48">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI51">[I-51]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LI">No. LI.—A TEST OF GRAVITY</h4> - -<p>Set a stool, as is shown in the diagram below, -about nine or ten inches from the wall.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo059.png" alt="Stool test" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Clasp it firmly by its two side edges, plant your -feet well away from it, and rest your head against -the wall. Now lift the stool, and then try, -without moving your feet, to recover an upright -position.</p> - -<p>It will be as impossible as it is to stand on one -leg while the foot of that leg rests sideways -against a wall or door.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI52">[I-52]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LII">No. LII.—BILLIARD MAGIC</h4> - -<p>Place a set of billiard balls as is shown in the -diagram, the spot ball overhanging a corner -pocket, and the red and the plain white in a -straight line with it, leaving an eighth of an inch -between the balls.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo060.jpg" alt="Billiard balls" /> -</div> - -<p>How can you pot the spot white with the plain -white, using a cue, and without touching, or in -any way disturbing, the red ball? There is not -room to pass on either side between the red ball -and the cushion.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI53">[I-53]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LIII">No. LIII.—THE NIMBLE COIN</h4> - -<p>Prepare a circular band of stiff paper, as is -shown in the diagram, and balance it, with a coin -on the top, on the lip of a bottle.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo061.jpg" alt="Coin and bottle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>How can you most effectively transfer the coin -into the bottle?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_49">49<br /> -AN ENIGMA BY MUTATION</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Search high or low, you’d find me where you list;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For not a place without me can exist.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I lose my head, and, seen with shoulders fair,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Become the very fairest of the fair.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Again I lose it, and, like some staunch hound,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The first and best amongst a pack am found.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And if at first both head and tail I lose<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I am a portion such as all would choose.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_49">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI54">[I-54]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LIV">No. LIV.—HIT IT HARD!</h4> - -<p>Place a strip of thin board, or a long wide flat -ruler, on the edge of a table, so that it just -balances itself, and spread over it an ordinary -newspaper, as is shown in the illustration.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo062.jpg" alt="Ruler in paper" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>You may now hit it quite hard with your -doubled fist, or with a stick, and the newspaper -will hold it down, and remain as firmly in its -place as if it were glued to the table over it. -You are more likely to break the stick with -which you strike than to displace the strip of -wood or the paper. Try the experiment.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_50">50<br /> -AN ENIGMA BY SWIFT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We are little airy creatures<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All of different voice and features.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One of us in glass is set,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One of us is found in jet.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Another you may see in tin,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the fourth a box within.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If the others you pursue<br /></span> -<span class="i0">They can never fly from you.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_50">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI55">[I-55]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LV">No. LV.—THE BRIDGE OF KNIVES</h4> - -<p>Here is an after-dinner balancing trick, which -it is well to practise with something less brittle -than the best <span class="nowrap">glass:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo063.png" alt="Knife bridge" /> -</div> - -<p>It will be seen that the blades of the knives -are so cunningly interlaced as to form quite a -firm support.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_51">51<br /> -A MEDLEY</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Twice six is six, and so<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Six is but three;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Three is just five you know,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What can we be?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Would you count more of us,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nine are but four of us,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Ten are but three.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_51">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI56">[I-56]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LVI">No. LVI.—DIFFERENT DENSITIES</h4> - -<p>Here is a pretty little experiment, which shows -the effect of liquids of different densities.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo064.png" alt="Eggs in water" /> -</div> - -<p>Drop an egg into a glass vessel half full of -water, it sinks to the bottom. Drop it into -strong brine, it floats. Introduce the brine -through a long funnel at the bottom of the pure -water, and the water and the egg will be lifted, -so that the egg floats between the water and the -brine in equilibrium. The egg is denser than the -water, and the brine is denser than the egg.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_52">52<br /> -THE MISSING LINK</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A friend to all the human race<br /></span> -<span class="i2">From emperor to peasant,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">None is more missed when out of place,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">More opportune when present.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Obedient to the general will<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I yield to due control;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And yet the public twist me, till<br /></span> -<span class="i2">They put me in a hole!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_52">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI57">[I-57]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LVII">No. LVII.—COLUMBUS OUTDONE</h4> - -<p>Here is a very simple and effective little trick. -Offer to balance an egg on its end on the lip of -a glass bottle.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo065.png" alt="Egg on bottle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The picture shows how it is done, with the aid -of a cork and a couple of silver forks.</p> - -<p class="right padr2">(From “La Science Amusante”).</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_53">53</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two words of equal length we here indite,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Which hold a famous father and his mate.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Embracing five, with fifty left and right,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The mother, looking both ways, keeps things straight.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Her husband, following a thousand quite,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With them has changed his sex, a funny fate,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And if this lady lose her head, she might,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Being a man, oppose the water-rate.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_53">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI58">[I-58]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LVIII">No. LVIII.—WHAT WILL HAPPEN?</h4> - -<p>The boy in this picture is blowing hard against -the bottle, which is between his mouth and the -candle flame.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo066.png" alt="Blowing boy" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="noindent">What will happen?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_54">54</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In marble walls as white as milk,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lined with a skin as soft as silk,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Within a fountain crystal clear<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A golden apple doth appear.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No doors are there to this stronghold,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet thieves break in, and steal the gold.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_54">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI59">[I-59]</span></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_LIX">No. LIX.—THE FLOATING NEEDLE</h4> - -<p>Here is a simple way to make a needle float -on <span class="nowrap">water:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo067.png" alt="Floating needle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Fill a wineglass or tumbler with water, and on -this lay quite flat a cigarette paper; place a -needle gently on this, and presently the paper -will sink, and the needle will float on the water.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_55">55</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A one-syllable adjective I,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Indeterminate, misty, obscure:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Reduce me by five, and then try<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How you like my attacks to endure.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I’m now a two-syllable noun,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My victims are hot and are cold;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In country more rife than in town,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I’m not such a pest as of old.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_55">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI60">[I-60]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LX">No. LX.—VIS INERTIÆ</h4> - -<p>Here is a pile of ten draughtsmen—one black -among nine white.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo068.png" alt="Draughtsmen" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>If I take another draughtsman, and with a -strong pull of my finger send it spinning against -the column, what will happen?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_56">56<br /> -DR. WHEWELL’S ENIGMA</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A headless man had a letter to write,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He who read it had lost his sight.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The dumb repeated it word for word,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And deaf was the man who listened and heard.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_56">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_57">57<br /> -AN ENIGMA FOR MOTORISTS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I am rough, I am smooth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I am wet, I am dry;<br /></span> -<span class="i8">My station is low,<br /></span> -<span class="i8">My title is high.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The King my lawful master is,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’m used by all, though only his.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_57">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI61">[I-61]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXI">No. LXI.—CUT AND COME AGAIN</h4> - -<p>How long would it take to divide completely a -2 ft. block of ice by means of a piece of wire on -which a weight of 5 lb. hangs?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo069.png" alt="Ice" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_58">58</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Without a dome, we are within a dome;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Homeless and roofless, we have roof and home.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though frequent streams may flood our base and roof,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We rest unharmed, and always waterproof.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_58">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_59">59</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I’m the most fearful of fates upon earth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cut off my head and bright moments have birth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lop off my shoulders, and riddle my riddle;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Anything seems to be found in my middle.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_59">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI62">[I-62]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXII">No. LXII.—WHERE WILL IT BREAK?</h4> - -<p>When weak cords of equal strength are -attached to opposite parts of a wooden or metal -ball which is suspended by one of them, -a sharp, sudden pull will snap the lower cord -before the movement has time to affect the ball; -but a gentle, steady pull will cause the upper -cord to snap, as it supports the weight below it.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo070.png" alt="Ball and cords" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_60">60</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I may be safe when honest ways prevail,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With no unworthy tricks or jobbery.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cut off my head and fix it to my tail,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And I become at once rank robbery.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_60">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI63">[I-63]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXIII">No. LXIII.—CATCHING THE DICE</h4> - -<p>Hold a pair of dice, and a cup for casting -them, in one hand as is shown in the diagram.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo071.png" alt="Dice in cup" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Now, holding the cup fast, throw up one of the -dice and catch it in the cup. How can you best -be sure of catching the other also in the cup?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_61">61</h4> - -<p>Here is a metrical Enigma, which appeals with -particular force to all married folk, and to our -cousins in America:</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">This is of fellowship the token,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Reverse it, and the bond is broken.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_61">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI64">[I-64]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXIV">No. LXIV.—WILL THEY FALL?</h4> - -<p>Build up seven dominoes into a double arch, -as is shown in the diagram below, and place a -single domino in the position indicated.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo072.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Now put the fore-finger carefully through the -lower archway, and give this domino quite a -smart tip up by pressing on its corner. What -will happen if this is done cleverly? Try it.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_62">62</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A monk in a moment, by violence heated,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Endangered the peace of his soul.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To atone for my second, my first he repeated<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Just ten times a day on my whole.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_62">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI65">[I-65]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXV">No. LXV.—A TRANSPOSITION</h4> - -<p>Place three pennies in contact in a line as is -shown below, so that a “head” is between two -“tails.”</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo073.png" alt="Three pennies" /> -</div> - -<p>Can you introduce the coin with a shaded -surface between the other two in a straight line, -without touching one of these two, and without -moving the other?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_63">63</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two syllables this word contains:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Reverse them and then what remains?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With cap and pipe and goggles too<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The comics hold him up to view,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Reverse his parts you would declare<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A dog should not be quartered there.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_63">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_64">64</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though I myself shut up may be,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My work is to set prisoners free.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No slave his lord’s commands obeys<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With more insinuating ways.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All find me handy, sharp, and bright,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where men in wit and wine delight;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">While many keep me for their ease,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And turn and twist me as they please.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_64">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI66">[I-66]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXVI">No. LXVI.—COIN COUNTING</h4> - -<p>Place ten coins in a circle, as is shown in this -diagram, so that on all of them the king’s head -is uppermost.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo074.png" alt="Coins" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Now start from any coin you choose, calling it -1, the next 2, and so on, and turn the <i>fourth</i>, so -that the tail is uppermost. Start again on any -king’s head, and again turn the fourth, and -continue to do this until all but one are turned.</p> - -<p>Coins already turned are reckoned in the -counting, but the count of “four” must fall -on an unturned coin.</p> - -<p>Can you find a plan for turning all the coins but -one in this way without ever failing to count four -upon a fresh spot, and to start on an unturned -coin?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXVI">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI67">[I-67]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXVII">No. LXVII.—THE BALANCED CORK</h4> - -<p>The diagram below shows how, using one hand -only, and grasping a bottle of wine by its body, -the contents can be poured out without cutting -or boring the cork, or altogether removing it from -the bottle.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo075.png" alt="Forks, bottle and cork" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_65">65</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Transformed by art, and fond of port,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I blister in the sun;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But when I turn, and face the sport,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Away full tilt I run;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For if I double I am caught,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And that can be no fun.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_65">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_66">66</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A man without eyes saw plums on a tree,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He neither took plums nor plums left he.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_66">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI68">[I-68]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXVIII">No. LXVIII.—NUTS TO CRACK</h4> - -<p>A sharply-pointed knife with a heavy handle is -stuck very lightly into the lintel of a door, and -the nut that is to be cracked is placed under it, -so that when the knife is released by a touch the -nut is cracked.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo076.png" alt="Knife in lintel" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>What simple and certain plan can you suggest -for making sure that the knife shall hit the nut -exactly in the middle without fail?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_67">67<br /> -A SINGULAR ENIGMA</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Strange paradox! though my two halves are gone,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I still remain an undivided whole.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But were I double what I am, though one,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I then should be but half, upon my soul!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_67">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI69">[I-69]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXIX">No. LXIX.—THE FLOATING CORKS</h4> - -<p>If we throw an ordinary wine cork into a tub -of water it will naturally float on its side. It is, -however, possible to arrange a group of seven such -corks, without fastening them in any way, so that -they will float in upright positions.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo077.png" alt="Corks" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Place them together, as is shown in the illustration, -and, holding them firmly, dip them under -the water till they are well wetted. Then, keeping -them exactly upright, leave go quietly, and -they will float in a compact bunch if they are -brought slowly to the surface.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_68">68<br /> -A PARADOX</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I start with five thousand, and take nothing off,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet really in doing so nine-tenths I doff;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And it proves with no strain upon numbers or reason,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That the smaller are larger in size and in season.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_68">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI70">[I-70]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXX">No. LXX.—A LIGHT, STEADY HAND</h4> - -<p>As an exercise of patience and dexterity, try -to balance a set of dominoes upon one that -stands upon its narrow <span class="nowrap">end:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo078.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This is no easy matter, but a little patience -will enable us to arrange the stones in layers, -which can with care be lifted into place and -balanced there.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_69">69</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With letters three indite my name,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Add one to show what I became,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or try to tell what brought me fame.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_69">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI71">[I-71]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXI">No. LXXI.—WHAT IS THIS?</h4> - -<p>We expect to puzzle our readers completely by -this <span class="nowrap">diagram:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo079.png" alt="Enlarged photograph" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>It is simply the enlargement by photography of -part of a familiar picture.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXXI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_70">70</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Eight letters respond to the quest<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of all for enjoyment athirst;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two articles lead to the rest,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And the last of the rest is the first.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_70">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_71">71</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When letters five compose my name<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’m seldom seen but in a flame.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take off one letter, then you see<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That winter is the time for me.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Another take, and I appear<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What many must be year by year.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_71">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI72">[I-72]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXII">No. LXXII.—TAKING THE GROUND -FROM UNDER IT</h4> - -<p>Place a strip of smooth paper on a table so -that it overhangs the side, as is shown in the -diagram. Stand a new penny steadily on edge -upon the paper.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo080.png" alt="Penny and paper" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Take hold of the paper firmly, and give it a -smart, steady pull. If this is properly done -it will leave the penny standing unmoved in its -place.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_72">72</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A shining wit pronounced of late<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That water in a freezing state<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is like an acting magistrate.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What was the quibble in his pate?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_72">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_73">73</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">By something formed I nothing am,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet anything that you can name.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In all things false, yet ever true,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And still the same but never new;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like thought I’m in a moment gone,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor can I ever be alone.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_73">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI73">[I-73]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXIII">No. LXXIII.—A READY RECKONER</h4> - -<p>Two men, standing on the bank of a broad -stream, across which they could not cast their -fishing lines, could not agree as to its width. A -bet on the point was offered and accepted, and -the question was presently decided for them by -an ingenious friend who came along, without any -particular appliances for measurement.</p> - -<p>He stood on the edge of the bank, steadied his -chin with one hand, and with the other tilted his -cap till its peak just cut the top of the opposite -bank.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo081.png" alt="Clever man" /> -</div> - -<p>Then, turning round, he stood exactly where the -peak cut the level ground behind him, and, by -stepping to that spot, was able to measure a -distance equal to the width of the stream.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_74">74</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When you and I together meet,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then there are six to see and greet.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If I and you should meet once more,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Our company would be but four.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And when you leave me all alone<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I am a solitary one.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_74">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI74">[I-74]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXIV">No. LXXIV.—THE CLIMBING HOOP</h4> - -<p>Paste or pin together the ends of a long strip -of stiff paper so as to form a hoop, and place on -the table a board resting at one end upon a -book. Challenge those in your company to make -the hoop run up the board without any impulse.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo082.png" alt="Hoop" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>They must of course fail, but you can succeed by -secretly fastening with beeswax a small stone or -piece of metal inside the hoop, as is indicated in -the diagram.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_75">75</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Invisible yet never out of sight,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I am indeed a centre of delight.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In quiet times I help to make things right,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet act as second in the fiercest fight.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_75">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI75">[I-75]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXV">No. LXXV.—THE SEAL OF MAHOMET</h4> - -<div class="container10m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo083.png" alt="Double crescent" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This double crescent, called the Seal of -Mahomet, from a legend that the prophet was -wont to describe it on the ground with one stroke -of his scimitar, is to be made by one continuous -stroke of pen or pencil, without going twice over -any part of it.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXXV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_76">76</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though I mingle with thieves,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And with all that deceives,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And never keep clear of depravity<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though possessed by a devil,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or seen in a revel,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I do keep my centre of gravity.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_76">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_77">77</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">There’s not a bird that cleaves the sky<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With crest or plume more gay than I,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Yet guess me by this token:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That I am never seen to fly<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Unless my wings are broken.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_77">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI76">[I-76]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXVI">No. LXXVI.—MOVE THE MATCHES</h4> - -<p>Arrange 15 matches <span class="nowrap">thus—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo084.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="noindent">Remove 6 and what number will be left?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXXVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_78">78</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Split into three and mixed,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With Dives I am found.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Split into two and fixed<br /></span> -<span class="i2">On four legs, flat or round.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In my most kindly sense unbroken,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Warm hearts and helpers I betoken.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_78">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_79">79</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I am high, I am low,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I am thick, I am thin,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I can keep out the snow,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But may let the rain in.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_79">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_80">80<br /> -HIDDEN FRUIT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Go range through every clime, where’er<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The patriot muse appears<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He deeds of valour antedates,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">His ban an army fears.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">By midnight lamp each poet soul<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Is plumed for flight sublime;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Pale monarch moon and shining stars<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Witness his glowing rhyme!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Incited by the muse man goes<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To grapple with his wrongs;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The poet cares not who makes laws,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If he may make the songs.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Can you discover ten fruits in these lines?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_80">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI77">[I-77]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXVII">No. LXXVII.—LINES ON AN OLD SAMPLER</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo085.png" alt="Sampler" /> -</div> - -<div class="illotext"> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When I can plant with seventeen trees<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Twice fourteen rows, in each row three;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A friend of mine I then shall please,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who says he’ll give them all to me.<br /></span> -</div> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -</div><!--illotext--> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_81">81</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The last of you before the end<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Close to an inn we first must find,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If nothing follows all will tend<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To hints that rankle in the mind.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_81">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI78">[I-78]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXVIII">No. LXXVIII.—DOMINO DUPLICITY</h4> - -<p>By the following ingenious arrangement of the -stones a set of dominoes appears to be unduly -rich in <span class="nowrap">doublets:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo086.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>It will be noticed that the charm of this -arrangement is that the whole figure contains a -double set of quartettes, on which the pips are -similar.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_82">82</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Many men of many minds,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Many birds of many kinds,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Some are dun, and some are gray—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which is this one? tell me, pray!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">See him where the water shines,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But not perching on the pines.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_82">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI79">[I-79]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXIX">No. LXXIX.—MORE DOMINO DUPLICITY</h4> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo087.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -<p>This again shows how the stones can be placed -so that an ordinary set of dominoes seems to be -unduly rich in doublets.</p> - -<h4 id="EnigmaI_83">83</h4> - -<p>We know how, by the addition of a single -letter, our <i>cares</i> can be softened into a <i>caress</i>; -but in the following Enigma a still more contradictory -result follows, without the addition or -alteration of a letter, by a mere separation of -<span class="nowrap">syllables:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">None can locate the subject of my riddle.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For all the world would seek its place in vain;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cut it asunder almost in the middle,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And in our very midst its place is plain.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">An aching void, an absolute negation,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Into the opposite extreme it breaks;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With just a gap to mark their new relation<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Each letter still the same position takes.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaSolI_83">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI80">[I-80]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXX">No. LXXX.—TWO MORE PATTERNS</h4> - -<p>Here are two more perfect arrangements of a -set of dominoes in quartettes, so that the pips -and blanks are similarly grouped and <span class="nowrap">repeated:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo088.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -<h3>CHARADES</h3> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_1">1<br /> -SIR WALTER SCOTT’S CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sir Hilary fought at Agincourt,<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Sooth! ’twas an awful day<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And though in olden days of sport<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The rufflers of the camp and court<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Had little time to pray,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">’Tis said Sir Hilary muttered there<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two syllables by way of prayer.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“My first to all the brave and proud<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Who see to-morrow’s sun;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My next with her cold and quiet cloud<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To those who find a dewy shroud<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Before the day is won.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And both together to all bright eyes<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That weep when a warrior nobly dies!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_1">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI81">[I-81]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXI">No. LXXXI.—COUNTING THEM OUT</h4> - -<p>Arrange twelve dominoes as is shown in this -diagram, and start counting <i>in French</i> from the -double five, thus u, n, <i>un</i>; remove the stone you -thus reach, which has <i>one</i> pip upon it, and start -afresh with the next stone, d, e, u, x, <i>deux</i>; this -brings you to the stone with two pips; then t, r, -o, i, s, <i>trois</i>, brings you to that with <i>three</i>, and so -on until <i>douze</i> brings you to twelve.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo089.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -<p>Always remove the stone as you hit upon each -consecutive number.</p> - -<p>Now who can re-arrange these same stones so -that a similar result works out in <i>English</i>, thus—o, -n, e, <i>one</i> (remove the stone), t, w, o, <i>two</i>, and -so on throughout?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXXXI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_2">2<br /> -A FAMILY CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A man with fourscore winters white<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Sat dozing in his chair;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His frosted brow was quite my first,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Crowned with its silver hair.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My whole, when playing at his feet,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Sly glances upward stole;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second, standing at his side,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Was father of my whole.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_2">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI82">[I-82]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXII">No. LXXXII.—TRICKS WITH DOMINOES</h4> - -<p>In this diagram the word EACH is formed by -the use of a complete set of stones, placing every -letter in proper domino sequence.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo090.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -<p>There are also the same number of pips in each -letter. Can you construct another English word -under the same conditions? As a hint, the word -that we have in mind is plural.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_LXXXII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_3">3</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Upon my face is not a single hair,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Although my beard uncut is growing there.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Men call me Shelley, though I can’t converse,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To me all tongues alike would be a curse.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I in my house must night and day abide,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And though quite well must keep my bed, outside.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For me no bell shall toll a funeral knell,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’m doomed, like Shelley, dead to have no shell.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_3">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_4">4</h4> - -<p>This amusing Charade is from the pen of a wise -and witty Irish <span class="nowrap">Bishop:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">True to the trumpet call of fame and duty<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The soldier arms, and hastens to depart;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor casts one look behind, though love and beauty<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Whisper <i>my first</i> in tones that thrill his heart.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The war is o’er, with wealth and honour laden<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The hero seeks the well-remembered Hall:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He woos and wins the unreluctant maiden,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And bids <i>my second</i> o’er her blushes fall.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">He takes her hand—a mist of rapture thickens<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Before her eyes. Such bliss succeeding pain<br /></span> -<span class="i0">O’ertasks her strength, and fainting nature sickens,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Until <i>my whole</i> is rudely snapt in twain.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_4">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI83">[I-83]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXIII">No. LXXXIII.—THE HOUR GLASS</h4> - -<p>This very beautiful specimen of a knight’s tour -on the chess-board takes its name from the figure -formed by the tracery at its centre.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo091.png" alt="Knight's tour" /> -</div> - -<p>An endless number of symmetrical patterns of -varied design can be formed, by a knight’s consecutive -moves, with patience and ingenuity.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI84">[I-84]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXIV">No. LXXXIV.—A STAR’S TOUR</h4> - -<p>Here is a pretty and very regular specimen of -a knight’s tour on the chess board.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo092.png" alt="Knight's tour" /> -</div> - -<p>It is one of many variations which produce in -the tracery a central star.</p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_5">5<br /> -MAKE IT KNOWN</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first she was a serving maid,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who went to buy some tea;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">How much she bought my second tells,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As all may plainly see.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Now when the answer you have found<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Tell it to others too;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole will then to maids and men<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Explain what ’tis you do.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_5">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI85">[I-85]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXV">No. LXXXV.—THE MARBLE ARCH</h4> - -<p>Here is a remarkably symmetrical specimen of -a knight’s tour on the chess board.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo093.png" alt="Knight's tour" /> -</div> - -<p>It takes its name from the central archway, -which this arrangement forms.</p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_6">6</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My fourth is just ten times my first<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When that takes on my second;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My third and second when reversed<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Double my first are reckoned.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All this is empty, though my pen<br /></span> -<span class="i2">So full may seem to show it;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Reverse my first and second, then<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My whole becomes a poet.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_6">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_7">7</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">O’er distant hills the rising moon<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The evening mist dispersed:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And beaming radiant in the sky<br /></span> -<span class="i2">She plainly showed <i>my first</i>.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A horseman guided by her light,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Approached with headlong speed<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And as he rode <i>my second</i> said<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To urge his flagging steed.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">His lady waited at the gate,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Though trysting hour was past.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">She was <i>my whole</i>, because her lord<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Was then <i>my third</i> and last.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_7">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI86">[I-86]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXVI">No. LXXXVI.—ANOTHER TOUR AMONG -STARS</h4> - -<p>In <a href="#MagSqI_LXXXIV">No. LXXXIV</a> we gave a pretty illustration -of a knight’s tour, with a central star.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo094.png" alt="Knight's tour" /> -</div> - -<p>Here is a good course which shows in its -symmetrical tracery a pair of stars.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI87">[I-87]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXVII">No. LXXXVII.—THE WINDMILL</h4> - -<p>Among the countless fanciful variations of the -knight’s tour that are possible, some have been -so designed that more than a merely symmetrical -pattern is involved.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo095.png" alt="Knight's tour" /> -</div> - -<p>Here is, for example, an excellent suggestion of -the sails of a windmill with their central fittings.</p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_8">8<br /> -A TROPICAL CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first’s a liquid or a solid snare,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My all is hot, or in a maiden’s hair;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My second just a track.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Transpose my first, and they will both declare<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My all is now a black.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_8">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI88">[I-88]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXVIII">No. LXXXVIII.—LAZY TONGS</h4> - -<p>Here is a very distinctive specimen of the -knight’s tour, in which the design reminds us of -the old-fashioned lazy-tongs, which stretched out -and then back, by opening or shutting their -handles on finger and thumb.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo096.png" alt="Knight's tour" /> -</div> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_9">9<br /> -A FLORAL CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">My first must be below the ground,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">To do its proper duty;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Within my second may be found<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Chaps that can boast no beauty;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Some simple garden holds the two combined,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Old-fashioned emblem of a candid mind.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_9">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI89">[I-89]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_LXXXIX">No. LXXXIX.—CHESS ARITHMETIC</h4> - -<p>This beautiful symmetrical knight’s tour involves -in its accomplishment a pretty problem -in <span class="nowrap">arithmetic:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo097.png" alt="Knight's tour" /> -</div> - -<p>If we follow the course of the knight step by -step, and number consecutively the squares on -which it rests at each move, we find that there is -a constant difference of 32 between the numbers -on any two of these squares that correspond in -position on opposite sides of the central line.</p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_10">10</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first can be no joke to crack,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My second I adore;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Reverse her name, and you will see<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Just what that maiden is to me.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is grown where boys are black<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon a sultry shore.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_10">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI90">[I-90]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XC">No. XC.—A SHORT KNIGHT’S TOUR</h4> - -<p>This short symmetrical knight’s tour can be -tested on a corner of the <span class="nowrap">chessboard:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo098.png" alt="Knight's tour" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The knight can start from any square, and, -taking the course indicated, return on the -twentieth move to the starting point.</p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_11">11<br /> -<span class="smcap">By George Canning</span></h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though weak my first is reckoned,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And game made of my second;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet both bade hosts defiance<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When joined in close alliance.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_11">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_12">12</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">As Lubin did my first, and, scythe in hand,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Espied his Phyllis by the hedgerow stand,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He called out to my next, in cheery tones and clear,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Tell me, sweet all, you’ll fetch a pot of beer.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_12">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI91">[I-91]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqI_XCI">No. XCI.—THE STOLEN PEARLS</h4> - -<p>A dishonest jeweller, who had a cross of pearls -to repair for a lady of title, on which nine pearls -could be counted from the top, or from either -of the side ends to the bottom, kept back two -of the pearls, and yet contrived to return the -cross re-set so that nine pearls could still be -counted in each direction, as at first. How was -this done?</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo099.png" alt="Cross" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqSolI_XCI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_13">13<br /> -A WORD OF WARNING</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Says William to his thriftless wife,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“To <i>first</i> unless you try,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Your wasteful ways will spoil our life.”<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Her’s is a curt reply.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0"><i>Second</i> and <i>third</i> her answer give;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Full soon their fortunes fall,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Each of the hapless pair must live<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And wander as my <i>all</i>.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_13">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI92">[I-92]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_14">14<br /> -A FINE CHARADE BY PRAED</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">Come from my first, ay, come;<br /></span> -<span class="i4">The battle dawn is nigh,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the screaming trump and the thundering drum<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Are calling thee to die.<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Fight, as thy father fought,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Fall, as thy father fell:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thy task is taught, thy shroud is wrought,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">So forward and farewell!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">Toll ye my second, toll;<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Fling high the flambeau’s light,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And sing the hymn for a parted soul<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Beneath the silent night.<br /></span> -<span class="i4">The helm upon his head,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">The cross upon his breast,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Let the prayer be said, and the tear be shed<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Now take him to his rest!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">Call ye my whole, go call<br /></span> -<span class="i4">The lord of lute and lay,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And let him greet the sable pall<br /></span> -<span class="i4">With a noble song to-day.<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Ay, call him by his name,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">No fitter hand may crave<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To light the flame of a soldier’s fame<br /></span> -<span class="i4">On the turf of a soldier’s grave!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_14">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_15">15</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first has cause in dread to hold<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The foggy month November.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My next, when given to knights of old<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Was held to mean “remember!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_15">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI93">[I-93]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_16">16</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With one line many do my first,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With two it can but meet;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second, as its breakers burst,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Around my whole may beat.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_16">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_17">17</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">She was my first; one happy day<br /></span> -<span class="i2">She was my second,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And shewed my all. Now can you say<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How this is reckoned?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_17">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_18">18</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first it may a seaman save,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or cause a fighter’s fall;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My next reminds us of the wave,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or of unseemly brawl.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is rather pert than brave,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And like a rubber ball.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_18">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_19">19</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Seen with a stolen spoon, my first was reckoned<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Bad as my whole in moral tone.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whether a number or alone my second<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Touched by my third is turned to stone.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_19">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_20">20<br /> -NOT A CATECHISM</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first a friend, companion, guide,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Is loving, staunch, and cheery;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second has a cleansing side,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My third denotes a theory.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole, good luck! is held by few<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To bore and make us weary.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_20">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI94">[I-94]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_21">21</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is an insect,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My second a border;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole puts the face<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Into tuneful disorder.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_21">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_22">22</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first seldom crosses your path,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though wheels and a body it hath;<br /></span> -<span class="i4">My next from a clown<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Much applause will bring down,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole was Goliath of Gath.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_22">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_23">23</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first he sat upon my whole<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And used it as my second.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His halves akin in Latin and<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In English may be reckoned.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_23">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_24">24<br /> -A PHONETIC FLORAL CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first comes often to our mind<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When for a saint we look.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second sees the greetings kind<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of Bobby and the cook.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole in hothouse you may find,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or pictured in a book.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_24">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_25">25</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Man cannot live without my first,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">By day and night ’tis used;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second is by all accursed,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">By day and night abused.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is never seen by day,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And never used by night,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">’Tis dear to friends when far away,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But hated when in sight.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_25">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI95">[I-95]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_26">26<br /> -BY AN OXFORD OAR</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I am my first, my second thou mayest be<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In classic shades, where gently roll<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The crystal waters of my whole<br /></span> -<span class="i16">To seek the sea.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_26">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_27">27</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is worn by night and day,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And very useful reckoned;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">London, or Bath, or Bristol may<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With truth be styled my second.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now if you cannot find me out<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You lack my whole without a doubt.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_27">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_28">28</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first now marks the soldier’s face,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who was my next’s defender;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But when my whole attacked the place<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It drove him to surrender.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_28">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_29">29</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is away from Paris, and may<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Come round with a rap at your portal;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second is Spanish, but quickly will vanish<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If it turns to a nod from a mortal.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_29">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_30">30</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Often my first a B begins,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">One always starts my second.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My all, though free from grosser sins,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of little worth is reckoned.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_30">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_31">31</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is a kind of butter,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second is a sort of cutter;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole, whether smaller or larger,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Was always a kind of charger.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_31">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI96">[I-96]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_32">32</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is but lately promoted<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To a place in our language, and quoted.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second it lives in the sea.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">On the hill-tops it flourishes free.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole I should certainly call<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A delectable dainty for all.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_32">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_33">33<br /> -AN ENIGMA-CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Take in my first, and you will find<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It helps you to make up your mind.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Write to my second, and behold<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You see into the secret told.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_33">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_34">34<br /> -A QUAINT CHARADE<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Charles James Fox</span></h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is expressive of no disrespect,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But I never call you by it when you are by;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If my second you still are resolved to reject,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As dead as my whole I shall presently lie.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_34">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_35">35</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first reversed will plainly show<br /></span> -<span class="i2">An apple in its embryo.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Reverse my second, and we see<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That which in sight can never be.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Replace them both, and write me down<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Six letters that will spell a town.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_35">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_36">36</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is equal to the rest,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My second not so much;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is better than the best,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Beyond compare nonsuch.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_36">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI97">[I-97]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_37">37<br /> -AN ITALIAN POET’S LOVE SONG</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Hear me, my all: oh, be my first!<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My second is a single;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If you say yes, then in my third<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Our happy lives shall mingle.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_37">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_38">38<br /> -A PARADOX</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first a simple verb, or half a verb, may be;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Almost the same my next, or half the same, we see.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole may weigh a ton or more, and yet be light,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dull, and bereft of motion; swift, exceeding bright.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_38">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_39">39</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is found in fruit,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You take it for my second;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole in church to suit<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Attentive ears is reckoned.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_39">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_40">40</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My <i>first</i> is frugal, lean, and thin,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My <i>second</i> leads to eve,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My <i>whole</i> is hidden by a skin,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But not of sheep or beeve.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_40">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_41">41<br /> -VERY PERSONAL</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first to us may point ’tis clear,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And what I say is true, sir!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My next to her your thoughts will steer,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My whole it is in view, sir!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_41">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI98">[I-98]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_42">42</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">My second in my first can speed<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Across United States;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My third from Q’s pen we can read,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">My whole has water-rates;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My first and second drive my first along,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My third and second drive a mind all wrong.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_42">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_43">43</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To puzzle solvers can I shine,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And so my first is writ.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With this my second did combine<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To make a happy hit.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole, with both fixed in a line<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Firm as I can, did fit.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_43">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_44">44<br /> -A RUSTIC CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first and second are my third,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My third my first and second may be;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole, if right you read the word,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">May never have a wife or baby.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_44">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_45">45</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Let my second cut my first<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Into slices thin;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Seek in Shakespeare for my whole,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Injured by his kin.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_45">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_46">46<br /> -A FIRM GRIP</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I may give you my first with my second,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or my second may give with my first;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The one act as friendly is reckoned,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The other will rank with the worst.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If my whole through my second creeps over my first,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It will cling as a bond that no effort can burst.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_46">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI99">[I-99]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_47">47</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is called a sin in name,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My third its simple cure;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second puts an end to fame,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My whole in ease is sure.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_47">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_48">48</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In my first ’tis sweet to tarry<br /></span> -<span class="i2">’Mid my second’s realms of bliss.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In the two, though none can marry,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">All are subject to a kiss.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_48">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_49">49</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first, which washes half a nation’s gums,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">From foreign climes within my second comes:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And though, my whole, thine is no teacher’s part,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Thou art not science, but thou teachest art!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_49">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_50">50</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first on country hedges grows,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My next is found in garden rows,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My third to make it more transpose,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is one of London’s shows.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_50">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_51">51</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first the best solver can never find out,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My second is looked for in vain;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My third may hide all from our view round about,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My whole must be weak, or in pain.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_51">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_52">52<br /> -SORROW’S ANTIDOTE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first does affliction denote,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Which my second is destined to bear;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is the sweet antidote<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That affliction to soothe and to share.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_52">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI100">[I-100]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_53">53</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I see a sign of music not reversed, and then<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second and my third both pass beyond my ken.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_53">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_54">54</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first has my second my third his mouth;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole was a tribe in the sunny south.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_54">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_55">55<br /> -“QUOD” ERAT DEMONSTRANDUM</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My second makes my ending,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My first is its reverse;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole bad men is sending<br /></span> -<span class="i2">From court to quarters worse.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_55">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_56">56</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first, though won and never lost,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Reversed is now before ye:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second turns as red as blood<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon a field of glory.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is plain, yet you’ll confess<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It is a wonder if you guess.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_56">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_57">57</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I get my second when I take my first,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And then my upright character is lost;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole gives quarters to a rat reversed,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or is a refuge for the tempest tost.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_57">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_58">58</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is almost a cropper;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second is often a propper;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole was entirely a whopper.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_58">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI101">[I-101]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_59">59<br /> -A FLORAL CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first by poet’s eye was seen<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Sad watching at the gates of heaven.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My next in tints of tender green<br /></span> -<span class="i2">By Dickens with quaint art was given.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_59">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_60">60</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is nothing but a name<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My second is more small;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is of such slender fame<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It has no name at all.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_60">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_61">61</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When second is of whole a fourth,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And first a fifth of second,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then first by second multiplied<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To make my whole is reckoned.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_61">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_62">62<br /> -A CHARADE WITH A MORAL</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is black, my second red,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole no man should take to bed.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_62">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_63">63</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first upon their prey can dart,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My next can ne’er be down;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole performs a saucy part<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In country or in town.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_63">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_64">64</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first makes hills unpleasant<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To every cyclist’s wheel.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My next is where they take you to<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If in the streets you steal.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is what I most dislike<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When in the dumps I feel.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_64">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI102">[I-102]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_65">65</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is the voice of heart-sorrows or joys,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second, bar one, have been all of them boys,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is made ill by the harsh raven’s noise.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_65">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_66">66<br /> -QUITE SELF-CONTAINED</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is in my second,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My third contains an ass;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And when my whole is reckoned<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You see it is in glass.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_66">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_67">67</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Safe on Lucinda’s arm my first may rest,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And raise no tumult in Alonzo’s breast.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second can the want of legs supply<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To those that neither creep, nor walk, nor fly;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is rival to the fairest toast,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And when most warmly welcomed suffers most.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_67">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_68">68</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My second, my first can control,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If his understanding is reckoned.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second may not be my whole,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But my whole must be always my second.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_68">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_69">69<br /> -AN OLD COCKNEY CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first’s a little thing that hops,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second comes with summer crops,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is good with mutton chops.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_69">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_70">70<br /> -A STRIKING CHARADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first I gently strike, and lo!<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It soon becomes my second.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Indeed if this should not be so<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My whole it is not reckoned.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_70">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI103">[I-103]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_71">71<br /> -PLANTING PEAS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“I think,” said Ted, “it will be wise<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To set the peas this way;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For here they will face friendly skies,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And sun shines all the day.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Your first is good,” the gardener said,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“Peas thrive in sun and shower;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So now, good second, dig the bed<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Where all can see them flower.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Can you fit a word of two syllables to this -Charade?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_71">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_72">72</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is found where wit and wine<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Combine to grace the festal board;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second where sad captives pine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In dungeon of some tyrant lord.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My whole is ready for the doomed,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Twice tried by fire ere once consumed.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_72">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CharadeI_73">73<br /> -A BRAIN TWISTER</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My first is half my second<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And my third is half my first<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My second and my third are good<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To quench a mighty thirst.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeSolI_73">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI104">[I-104]</span></p> - -<h3>RIDDLES AND -CONUNDRUMS</h3> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_1">1.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Woman is my end, was my beginning, and -you will find her in my midst.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_1">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_2">2</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I am an uncle, but it is not nice<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To be saluted as an uncle twice.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Why not?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_2">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_3">3.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If a tailor and a goose are on the top of -the Monument, which is the quickest way for the -tailor to get down?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_3">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_4">4.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">My first is almost all, so is my second, and -also my whole?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_4">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_5">5</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Those who have me do not desire me,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And yet they never wish to lose me,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Those who gain me have me no longer.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_5">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_6">6.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why may a barrister’s fees be said to be -cheap?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_6">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_7">7</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two brothers are we, great burdens we bear,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">By which we are heavily prest:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We are full all the day to endure wear and tear,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But empty when able to rest.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_7">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI105">[I-105]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_8">8.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Peter Portman was so proud of his small feet -that a wag started the following riddle: “Why -are Portman’s feet larger than any others in his -club?”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_8">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_9">9</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">There is a word of letters four,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Take two away, and four remain;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take three away, and five before<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Your eyes you see as plain as plain.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_9">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_10">10</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To one syllable adjusted,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Running on the ground,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I have two, no longer trusted,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If you turn me round.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_10">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_11">11.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why is a raven like a writing desk?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_11">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_12">12.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What do they do with peaches in California?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_12">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_13">13.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is the utmost effort ever made by a -piebald horse at a high jump?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_13">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_14">14</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">“In my first my second sat,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Then my third and fourth I ate.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Under my first my second stood,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That’s your riddle: mine’s as good!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_14">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_15">15.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What are the differences between a -gardener, a billiard-marker, a precise man, and -a verger?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_15">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_16">16.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Which can see most, a man with two eyes, -or a man with one?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_16">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI106">[I-106]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_17">17.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">When you do not know the time, and “ask -a policeman” what o’clock it is, why are you like -the Viceroy of India?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_17">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_18">18.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is the question to which “yes” is -the only possible reply?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_18">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_19">19.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is that which will go up a pipe down, -but will not go down a pipe up; or will go down -a pipe down, but not up a pipe up, and yet when -it has gone up a pipe or down a pipe, will go up -or down?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_19">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_20">20.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why was London for many years a wonderful -place for carrying sound?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_20">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_21">21.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why is a motor-car like swimming fish?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_21">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_22">22.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Who can decipher this?</p> - -<p class="center">1/6d. me a bloater.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_22">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_23">23.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why is a moth flying round a candle like a -garden-gate?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_23">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_24">24</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To half a dozen add half a score,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And you will plainly see<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Just twenty, neither less nor more—<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Now say, how can this be?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_24">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_25">25.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If I caught a newt why would it be a small -one?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_25">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_26">26.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">How can a lawyer’s fee be paid with only a -threepenny piece?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_26">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_27">27.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">When does the cannon ball?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_27">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI107">[I-107]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_28">28.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why should children go to bed soon after -tea?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_28">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_29">29.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Which may weigh the most, Scotsmen or -Irishmen?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_29">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_30">30.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why cannot we have our hair cut?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_30">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_31">31.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Divide a hundred and fifty by half of ten, -add two-thirds of ten, and so you will find a -town.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_31">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_32">32.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">The following riddle is from the pen and -fertile brain of Archbishop Whately, who, it is -said, offered in vain £50 for its <span class="nowrap">solution:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When from the Ark’s capacious round<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Mankind came forth in pairs,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who was it that first heard the sound<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of steps upon the stairs?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_32">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_33">33.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If Moses was the son of Pharaoh’s daughter, -who was the daughter of Pharaoh’s son?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_33">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_34">34.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">I am a word of three syllables, and in all -my fulness I represent woman. Rob me of five -letters and I am a man. Take away but four, I -am woman again. Remove only three, and I -resume my manhood. What am I?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_34">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_35">35.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A cyclist on a night journey punctures his -tyre, and finds that he has forgotten his outfit -for repairs. After wheeling the disabled machine -uphill for about two miles he registers a vow. -What is it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_35">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_36">36</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Some more than the mere whole my whole contains;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Remove that whole, and some of it remains!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_36">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI108">[I-108]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_37">37.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why were Younghusband’s pack-horses in -Thibet like up-to-date motor cars?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_37">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_38">38</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The public credit and the public shame<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Differ in everything except in name.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_38">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_39">39.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why is a telescope like a miser?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_39">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_40">40.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If I were in the sun, and you were out of -it, what would it be?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_40">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_41">41</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I’m a word of four letters akin to the snow,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Just half of my first my third letter will show.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One fifth of my fourth my first you may call,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of my second ’tis best to say nothing at all.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_41">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_42">42.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is the chief and most natural thing -for politicians to desire to do when for the time -they are out in the cold, awaiting a change of -Government?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_42">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_43">43.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">I am long lasting, beginning at my end, -ending with no beginning, and my end and my -beginning between them will bring you to an end.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_43">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_44">44</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With both feet crossed sit steady on a stool,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then uncross one, and try to find a fool.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_44">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_45">A RABBIT RUN</h4> - -<p>45. How far can a rabbit run into a square -wood, with sides that each measure a mile, if it -keeps on a straight course and does not break -cover?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_45">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI109">[I-109]</span></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_46">46</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Often talked of, never seen,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ever coming, never been,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Daily looked for, never here,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Still approaching in the rear.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thousands for my presence wait,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But, by the decree of Fate,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though expected to appear<br /></span> -<span class="i0">They will never see me here.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_46">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_47">47.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">I received my first because I was rash -enough to say my second to my third, when -seeking re-election at my whole.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_47">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_48">48</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">How is it, in this charming weather,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You and I can’t lunch together?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_48">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_49">49</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With a head, and without a head,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With a tail, and without a tail,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With a head without a tail,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With a tail without a head,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With a head and tail,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Without a head and tail.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_49">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_50">50.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">“Ask me another,” she said, when he -pressed her to name the happy day. “I will,” -he replied. “Why is the letter ‘d’ like the -answer which I seek from you?”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_50">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_51">51<br /> -SWIFT’S RIDDLE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two thirds of an ass, and a hole in the ground,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Will dress you a dinner worth many a pound.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_51">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI110">[I-110]</span></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_52">TOM HOOD’S RIDDLE</h4> - -<p>52. Here is a riddle for which Tom Hood was -responsible. Can you solve it?</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i6">Twice to thine,<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Once to mine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With Congou make a gift divine.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_52">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_53">53.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Hold up your hand and you will see what -you never have seen, never can see, and never -will see. What is this?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_53">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_54">54.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Can you tell the difference between the -Emperor of Russia and an ill-shod beggar?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_54">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_55">55.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why did Eden Philpotts?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_55">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_56">56.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">We have heard much of man’s imagined -connection with the monkey, through some missing -link. What evidence can we gather from early -records of, at any rate, some verbal kinship with -the patient ass?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_56">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_57">57.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">My first is gold, my second is silver, my -third is copper, and my whole is tin.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_57">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_58">58.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is highest when its head is off?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_58">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_59">59.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What word is there of six letters which -can be so read that it claims to be spelt with -only one?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_59">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_60">60.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If a good oyster is a native, what is a -bad one?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_60">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_61">61.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why is John Bright?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_61">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_62">62.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If I walk into a room full of people, and -place a new penny upon the table in full view of -the company, what does the coin do?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI111">[I-111]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_62">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_63">63.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Jones, who had made it, and put it into -his waistcoat pocket, lost it. Brown picked it -up, and lighted his cigar with it. Then they -both went to the train in it, and ran all the way.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_63">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_64">64.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why cannot a deaf and dumb man tickle -nine people?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_64">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_65">65.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">When did “London” begin with an <i>l</i> and -end with an <i>e</i>?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_65">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_66">66.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">I sent my second to my first, but many a -whole passed before he came back to me.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_66">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_67">67.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Which weighs most, the new moon or the -full moon?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_67">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_68">68.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Here is a puzzle which is unique and most -remarkable, and which seems to be impossible, -though it is absolutely <span class="nowrap">sound:—</span></p> - -<p>There is an English word of more than two -letters, of which “la” is the middle, is the beginning, -and is the end, though there is but one -“a” and one “l” in the word. What is it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_68">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_69">69.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Why is a bee like a rook?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_69">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_70">70<br /> -A DARK REBUS</h4> - -<p class="center blankbefore75">O<br /> -B <b>e</b> D</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_70">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_71">71<br /> -A MONKEY PUZZLER</h4> - -<p>If a monkey is placed before a cross, why -does it at once get to the top?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_71">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI112">[I-112]</span></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_72">72<br /> -A RIDDLE BY COWPER</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I am just two and two, warm and cold,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the parent of numbers untold;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lawful, unlawful, duty, fault,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Often costly, worthless bought.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A priceless boon, a matter of course,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Willingly yielded, taken by force.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The answer has been defined as “two heads -and an application.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_72">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_73">HOW’S THAT, UMPIRE?</h4> - -<p>73. How can the Latin exhortation “Macte!” -which may be roughly rendered “Go on and -prosper!” be applied at cricket to a batsman at -a critical moment?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_73">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_74">BY TAPE MEASUREMENT</h4> - -<p>74. Are you good at topography? If so, can -you discover and locate, from this description of -its surroundings, a town within 30 miles of -London?</p> - -<p>Half an inch before the trees, and half a foot -and half a yard after them, lead us to an English -town.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_74">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="RiddleI_75">75.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">We know how, by the addition of a single -letter, our cares can be softened into a caress; but -in the following enigma a still more contradictory -result follows, without the addition or alteration -of a letter, by a mere separation of <span class="nowrap">syllables:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">None can locate the subject of my riddle,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For all the world would seek its place in vain;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cut it asunder almost in the middle,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And in our very midst its place is plain.<br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageI113">[I-113]</span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">An aching void, an absolute negation,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Into the opposite extreme it breaks;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With just a gap to mark their new relation<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Each letter still the same position takes.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_75">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_76">76. MULTUM IN PARVO</h4> - -<p>What two letters describe in nine letters the -position of one who has been left alone in his -extremity?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_76">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_77">77. A CHANGE OF SEX</h4> - -<p>“Oh! would I were a man,” cried a schoolmistress, -“that I might always teach boys.”</p> - -<p>We boys overheard her, and placed her with -us. What did we thus turn her into?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_77">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_78">78. A STRIKING MATCH PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>How can you make a Maltese cross with less -than twelve unbent and unbroken matches?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_78">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_79">79</h4> - -<p>Have we any reason to suppose that in very -early times there were less vowels than we have -now?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_79">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_80">80. A FRENCH RIDDLE</h4> - -<p>As Susette was sitting in the cool shadow of -an olive grove at Mentone, Henri came up and -said to her, with his best bow, “Je sais que vous -n’avez pas mon premier, mais que vous êtes mon -second, et je vous donnerai mon tout!” What -did he hold out to her?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_80">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_81">81</h4> - -<p>On a church close to an old ruined priory, near -Lewes, there is a weathercock in the shape of a -fish, probably an emblem of the faith. What -moral lesson does this relic of early days convey -to us?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_81">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI114">[I-114]</span></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_82">82</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Take five from half of ten,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Set fifty in the middle,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Add twice five hundred then<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To finish up the riddle,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And make it with your pen<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As fit as any fiddle.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_82">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_83">83. A PARADOX</h4> - -<p>“For the want of water we drank water, and if -we had had water we should have drank wine.”</p> - -<p>Who can have said this, and what did they mean?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_83">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_84">84. WHAT IS IT?</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The poor have two, the rich have none,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Millions have many, you have one.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_84">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_85">85</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A thousand and one,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And a sixth part of twenty;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Some may have none,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But others have plenty!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_85">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_86">86. GREAT SCOTT!</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“Charge, Chester, charge! on, Stanley, on!”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Were the last words of Marmion.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now, had I been in Stanley’s place<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When Marmion urged him to the chase,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You would have thought, unless you knew,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That Scottish fray was Irish stew!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Shade of Sir Walter! What does all this -mean?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_86">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_87">87</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I may be half of ten,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I may be nearly nine;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If eight contains me then<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Two-thirds of six are mine.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A third of one, a fourth of four,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I am an eighth of many more.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_87">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI115">[I-115]</span></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_88">88. QUITE A BEATITUDE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Let her be, or beat her,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Give her little ease;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Then in safety seat her<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All among the bees.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_88">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_89">89</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sharpen your wits till they are keen,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Then see if you can guess<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What word it is that I have seen,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">And spell it with an s!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_89">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="RiddleI_90">90. RATHER PERSONAL</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Take part of a foot,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And with judgment transpose.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You will find that you have it<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Just under your nose.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleSolI_90">Solution</a></p> - -<h3>NUTS TO CRACK</h3> - -<h4 id="NutsI_1">CRAZY LOGIC</h4> - -<p>1. Can you prove, by what we may call crazy -logic, that madman is equal to madam?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_1">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_2">A BIT OF BOTANY</h4> - -<p>2. A rat with its teeth in the webbed feet -of its prey was what the squirrel saw one -summer’s day, when he ran down from the -tree-tops for a cool drink in the pond below -his nest. Can you find out from this the name of -the water-plant that was floating in the shade?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_2">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI116">[I-116]</span></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_3">SIX SUNKEN ISLANDS</h4> - -<p>3. He set down the answer to that sum at random.</p> - -<p>   By bold policy Prussia became a leading power.</p> - -<p>   A great taste for mosaic has arisen lately.</p> - -<p>   The glad news was swiftly borne over England.</p> - -<p>   At dusk, year after year, the old man rambled home.</p> - -<p>   The children cried, hearing such dismal tales.</p> - -<p>In each of these lines the name of an island is -buried.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_3">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_4">BURIED GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES</h4> - -<p>4. We could hide a light royal boat with a man -or two; the skipper, though, came to a bad -end.</p> - -<p>In this short sentence seven geographical names -are buried, formed by consecutive letters, which -are parts always of more than one word. Can -you dig them out?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_4">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_5">A TRANSPOSITION</h4> - -<p>5. What can you make of this? The letters are -jumbled, but the words are in due order.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Eltsheothwoedlaniscimtyyesrmh<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Tsihptsnrtoniaisoetcra;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ndaothetdandartssdensitemeb<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Ehcatreeltnisitlpace.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_5">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_6">6<br /> -ALL IN A ROW</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Three little articles all in a line<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Lead to a thousand, expressing,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If with another all these you combine<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What can be never a blessing.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_6">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI117">[I-117]</span></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_7">7<br /> -ASK A POLICEMAN</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Ask a policeman, possibly he knows,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In uniformed array.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If not, an added letter plainly shows<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How little he can say.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_7">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_8">8<br /> -RULING LETTERS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We rule the world, we letters five,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">We rule the world, we do;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And of our number three contrive<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To rule the other two.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_8">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_9">MIND YOUR STOPS</h4> - -<p>9. How would you punctuate the following -sentence?</p> - -<p>Maud like the pretty girl that she was went for -a walk in the meadows.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_9">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_10">10. ANSWER BY ECHO</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What were they who paid three guineas<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To hear a tune of Paganini’s?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_10">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_11">11. BREAKING A RECORD</h4> - -<p>Only eight different letters are used in the -construction of this <span class="nowrap">verse:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sad as the saddest end is his,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He hath insensate died.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He sinned, and that his Satan is<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That standeth at his side.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Wishing to break this record, we have put -together a rhyming verse of similar length, in -which only <i>five</i> letters are used. They are these:</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI118">[I-118]</span></p> - -<p class="noindent">(18 times) <span class="gesp2">eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee</span>.<br /> -(20 times) <span class="gesp2">nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn</span>.<br /> -(18 times) <span class="gesp2">tttttttttttttttttt</span>.<br /> -(16 times) <span class="gesp2">iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii</span>.<br /> -(15 times) <span class="gesp2">sssssssssssssss</span>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_11">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_12">12. A CATCH SENTENCE</h4> - -<p>If is is not is and is not is is what is it is not is -and what is it is is not if is not is is? Can you -punctuate this so that it has meaning?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_12">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_13">13. CATCHING A HINT</h4> - -<p>Passing one day by train through a station -I caught sight of two words upon a large advertisement, -which seemed cut out for puzzle purposes; -and before long I had framed the following riddle:</p> - -<p>Bisect my first, transpose its first half, and -between this and its second half insert what -remains if you take my second from my first. -The result is as good to eat as my first and second -are to drink.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_13">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_14">14. IS IT GRAMMAR?</h4> - -<p>It is difficult at first sight to grasp the meaning -of this apparently simple sentence:—“Time -flies you cannot they pass at such irregular -intervals.” How does it read?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_14">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_15">15. ROYAL MEMORIES</h4> - -<p>In Queen Victoria’s Jubilee year I went to the -South Kensington Museum. As I entered, looking -at my watch, I thought of the good Queen. -After some hours of quiet enjoyment I came -away, again looking at my watch, and was reminded -that the Prince Consort was not alive -to share the Jubilee joys. At what time, and -for how long was I in the Museum?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_15">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI119">[I-119]</span></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_16">16. A SEASONABLE MOTTO</h4> - -<p class="center highline2"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top">CCC</span> -<span class="bot">SAW</span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_16">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_17">17. AN OLD LATIN LEGEND</h4> - -<div class="nuts17box"> - -<p class="center">AMANS TAM ERAT<br /> -HI DESINT HERO<br /> -AD DIGITO UT MANDO</p> - -</div><!--box--> - -<p>What is the interpretation?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_17">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_18">18. THINGS ARE NOT WHAT THEY SEEM</h4> - -<p>Does the following statement imply that there -is a curative virtue in rose-coloured rays?</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“I know that roseate hues preserve.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_18">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_19">19. DOCTOR FELL</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Keep the patients warm and quiet;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Solids are not well;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Let all sops be now their diet,”<br /></span> -<span class="i2">So said Doctor Fell.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>To what objection was this diet open?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_19">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_20">20. DISLOCATED WORDS</h4> - -<p>These thirty-six letters form an English -<span class="nowrap">sentence:—</span></p> - -<p class="center wordspace15">SAR BAB SAR BAB SAR BAB<br /> -SAR BAB SAR BAB SAR ARA</p> - -<p>What can it be?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_20">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI120">[I-120]</span></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_21">21. BROAD WILTSHIRE</h4> - -<p class="center">“Igineyvartydreevriswutts.”</p> - -<p>Can you interpret this sentence, spoken by a -sturdy farmer in the corn market?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_21">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_22">22. FIND A RHYME</h4> - -<p>Try to find a rhyme to Chrysanthemum.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_22">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_23">23. ABOUT THE EGGS</h4> - -<p>Did you hear that pathetic tale of the three -eggs?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_23">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_24">24. AN ANCIENT LEGEND</h4> - -<div class="nuts24box"> - -<p class="center">Doun tooth ers<br /> -A sy<br /> -Ouw ould bed<br /> -One by.</p> - -</div><!--box--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_24">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_25">25. A FAMILY PARTY</h4> - -<p class="center smcapall">HERE LIE</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two grandmothers, and their two granddaughters;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two husbands, and their two wives;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two fathers, and their two daughters;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two mothers, and their two sons;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two maidens, and their two mothers;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two sisters, and their two brothers;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet but —— in all lie buried here.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>How many does the —— represent?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_25">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_26">26. A SIMPLE CHARM</h4> - -<p>A superstitious couple in the country who -heard mysterious noises at night in their house, -sought the advice of a “wise woman” in the -neighbourhood. She gave them on paper the -following charm, which would, she assured them, -counteract their evil star, and solve the <span class="nowrap">mystery:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">ground<br /> -turn evil star.</p> - -<p>What was its significance?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI121">[I-121]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_26">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_27">27. MADE IN FRANCE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We are five varied vowels of foreign sound,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Supported by one consonant between us.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Three letters now in four, where may be found<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Another trio, quite a silly genus.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_27">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_28">28. A PARADOX</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What in his mind no man can find<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Four symbols will display;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But only one remains behind<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If one we take away.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_28">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_29">29. THE BARBER’S JOKE</h4> - -<p>A barber placed prominently in his window -the following <span class="nowrap">notice:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i14">What do you think<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I will shave you for nothing and give you a drink.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Attracted by this, a man went into the shop, -and was shaved, but instead of receiving any -liquid refreshment, he was surprised by a demand -for the usual payment.</p> - -<p>What was the barber’s explanation?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_29">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_30">30. A FLIGHT OF FANCY</h4> - -<div class="nuts30box"> - -<p class="center gesp2 wordspace15">GENUI NE JAM<br /> -A<br /> -ICARUM.</p> - -</div><!--box--> - -<p>This label, said to have been found among the -ruins of old Rome, seems to bear a very early -reference to the birth of Icarus, the flying man; -or perhaps to some flying machine named after -him, but not yet perfected. Can this be so?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_30">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI122">[I-122]</span></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_31">31. A SPELL</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two <i>c</i>’s, an <i>h</i>, an <i>n</i>, a <i>p</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Three <i>a</i>’s, a <i>u</i>, an <i>i</i>, an <i>e</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tell us what English word are we?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_31">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_32">32. JOHNSON’S CAT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Johnson’s cat went up a tree,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which was sixty feet and three;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Every day she climbed eleven,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Every night she came down seven.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tell me, if she did not drop,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When her paws would touch the top.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_32">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_33">33. THE EXPANDING NINES</h4> - -<p>Some of us may perhaps remember Titania’s -promise to Bottom in <i>A Midsummer Night’s Dream</i>:</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“I have a venturous fairy, that shall seek<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The squirrel’s hoard, and fetch thee new nuts.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Here is a little puzzle so fresh and curious -that it will tempt the fancy of those who find it -added to our hoard:</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A third of six behind them fix,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A third of six before;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thus make two nines, when all combines,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Exactly fifty-four.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_33">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_34">34. ACROSS THE MOAT</h4> - -<p>Form a square with four matches. Outside -this, at an equal distance all round, form another -square with twelve matches, just so far away -that the space between them cannot be spanned -by a match. With two matches only, form a -firm bridge from the outer to the inner square.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI123">[I-123]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_34">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_35">35. IS IT BANTING?</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We start when the ninth hour is past,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Then there’s an end of you.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A vengeful goddess shows at last<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What antifat will do.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_35">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_36">36. QUITE A FAMILY PARTY</h4> - -<p>The telephone-bell roused Mrs P.W. from her -after-luncheon nap, and her husband’s voice -came to her ears, from his office in the city:—“I -am bringing home to dinner my father’s -brother-in-law, my brother’s father-in-law, my -father-in-law’s brother, and my brother-in-law’s -father.”</p> - -<p>“Right!” she replied, knowing his quaint -ways, “I shall be prepared.” For how many -guests did she provide?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_36">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_37">37. THE WILY WAYFARER</h4> - -<p>“Give me as much money as I have in my -hand,” said Will Slimly to the landlord of a -country inn, “and I will spend sixpence with -you.” This was done, and repeated twice with -the cash that was still in hand, and then the -traveller was penniless. How much had he at -first, and how much did the landlord contribute -to Will’s refreshment?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_37">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_38">38. A CLEVER CONSTRUCTION</h4> - -<p>How can four triangles of equal size be -formed with six similar matches?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_38">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_39">39. A KNOTTY POINT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When first the marriage knot was tied<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Between my wife and me,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My age as oft repeated hers<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As three times three does three;<br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageI124">[I-124]</span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">But when ten years and half ten years<br /></span> -<span class="i2">We man and wife had been,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her age came then as near to mine<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As eight does to sixteen.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What age was hers, what age was mine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When we were wed, from this divine.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_39">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_40">40. A DIVISION SUM</h4> - -<p>“Take this half-crown,” said the vicar at a -village festival, “and divide it equally between -those two fathers and their two sons, but give -nothing of less value than a penny to either of -them.”</p> - -<p>The schoolboy, who was a sharp lad, changed -the half-crown, and divided it equally among -them. How was this possible?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_40">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_41">41. A CROOKED ANSWER</h4> - -<p>Tom (<i>yawning</i>) to Nell—“I wish we could -play lawn-tennis!”</p> - -<p>Nell (<i>annoyed</i>).—“Odioso ni mus rem. Moto -ima os illud nam?”</p> - -<p>Can you make head or tail, in Latin or in -English, of her reply?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_41">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_42">42. THE PEELER’S SMILE</h4> - -<p>Two policemen stood behind a hedge, watching -for motor-car scorchers. One looked up the road, -the other looked down it, so as to command both -directions.</p> - -<p>“Bill,” said one, without turning his head, -“what are you smiling at?” How could he -tell that his mate was smiling?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_42">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI125">[I-125]</span></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_43">43. THE NIMBLE NINES</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Twenty-seven with three nines<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You and I can score;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Anyone one on other lines<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Can extend them more.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who can write them to be seen<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Equal only to sixteen?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_43">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_44">44. A TRYING SENTENCE</h4> - -<p>That that is is that that is not is not is not that -it it is.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_44">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_45">45. SHORT AND SWEET</h4> - -<p>What is this?</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="gesp2">ALLO</span>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_45">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_46">46. SUPPLY THE CONSONANTS</h4> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">An English Proverb</span></p> - -<p class="center gesp2">ieaoaaaeaai</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_46">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_47">47. IT LOOKS BLACK</h4> - -<p class="center gesp2">| | | | | | | | | | | | |</p> - -<p>Add thirteen more strokes, and make—what?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_47">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_48">48. THE CORONER’S CHOICE</h4> - -<p>Can a coroner, after signing his name, write -his official position in more ways than one?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsSolI_48">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>HOW MANY PIPS?</h4> - -<p>Here is a good and simple card trick. Ask -anyone to choose three cards from a pack, and -to place them face downwards on the table. -Then, beginning to count with the number of pips<span class="pagenum" id="PageI126">[I-126]</span> -on each card laid down, let him place other cards -upon these, one heap at a time, until in every -case he counts up to 15, adding mentally 1 as he -places down each card.</p> - -<p>When he has completed the three heaps, take -from him the remaining cards, and count them. -Their number, less 4, will always be the number -of pips on the three chosen cards. An ace counts -11, and a court card 10.</p> - -<p>Thus, if he has chosen a 7, a 10, and an ace (11), -he must cap these with 8, 5, and 4 cards respectively. -There will then be 32 cards left, and -32 - 4 = 28, which is the sum of 7, 10, and 11.</p> - -<h4>ROUND THE MONKEY</h4> - -<p>Now for a few words about an old friend, -familiar to most of us. If a monkey sits on a -post holding one end of a string, and continually -moves to face a man who holds the other end, -and who walks round the post, does that man -walk round the monkey?</p> - -<p>R. A. Proctor, the astronomer, treated the -question thus, some years ago in <i>Knowledge</i>:—“In -what way does going round a -thing imply seeing every side of it? Suppose -a man shut his eyes, would that make any difference? -Or suppose the man stood still, and the -monkey turned round, so as to show the man -its front and back, would the stationary man -have gone round the monkey?”</p> - -<p>We commend this ancient and puzzling subject -of controversy to our readers. Our own -opinion is that the man <i>does</i> walk round the -monkey, in the commonly accepted meaning of -the words, but “who shall decide when doctors -disagree?”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI127">[I-127]</span></p> - -<h4>BURIED ANIMALS</h4> - -<p>Here are a few cleverly buried animals:</p> - -<p>“Come hither, mine friend,” said the monk, -eyeing him kindly, “be a very good boy, step -through the furze bravely, and seek the lost -riches.”</p> - -<p class="center"><i>Ermine</i>; <i>monkey</i>; <i>beaver</i>; <i>zebra</i>; <i>ostrich</i>.</p> - -<p>We, as electricians, proclaim the electric motor -cab a boon to London.</p> - -<p class="center"><i>Weasel</i>; <i>baboon</i>.</p> - -<h4>QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What could not the cruet stand?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Seeing an apostle spoon.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Why did the barmaid champagne?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Because the stout porter bitter.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A TABLE OF AFFINITY</h4> - -<p>When it was reported that M. de Lesseps and -his son were to marry sisters, the <i>Rappel</i> -suggested these possible complications. Lesseps -the younger will be his father’s brother-in-law, -and his wife will be her own sister’s sister-in-law.</p> - -<p>If Lesseps the elder has a son, and Lesseps the -younger has a daughter, and these marry, then -the daughter of Lesseps the younger will be her -father’s sister-in-law, and the son of Lesseps the -elder will be the son-in-law of his brother. The -son of the second marriage will have two grandfathers, -Lesseps the elder and the younger, -so that old Lesseps will become his own son’s -brother.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI128">[I-128]</span></p> - -<h4>MARY QUITE CONTRARY</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Mary had a little lamb,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With feet as black as soot;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And into Mary’s bread and milk<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He put his little foot.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now Mary was an honest girl,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And scorned a hollow sham;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So the one word that Mary said<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Was mother to the lamb!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>MACARONIC VERSE</h4> - -<p class="center highline2"><span class="smcap">Latin</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“Is acer,” sed jacto his mas ter at te,<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“Cantu passus sum jam?” “Notabit,” anser de;<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“Mi jam potis empti, solis tento me,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For uva da lotas i vere vel se!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="center highline2"><span class="smcap">English</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“I say, sir,” said Jack to his master at tea,<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“Can’t you pass us some jam?” “Not a bit,” answered he,<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“My jam pot is empty, so listen to me,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For you’ve had a lot as I very well see!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>HAM SANDWICHES</h4> - -<p>We most of us know the good old double-barrelled -riddle, “Why need we never starve in -the desert?” “Because of the sand which is -there.” “How did the sandwiches get there?” -“Ham settled there, and his descendants bred -and mustered.” This clever metrical solution -is by Archbishop <span class="nowrap">Whately:—</span></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI129">[I-129]</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A traveller o’er the desert wild<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Should ne’er let want confound him,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For he at any time can eat<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The sand which is around him.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It might seem strange that he should find<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Such palatable fare,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Did we not know the sons of Ham<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Were bred and mustered there.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A GOOD MOTTO</h4> - -<p>We know that Latin motto, with its clever -double meaning, suggested for a retired tobacconist, -“<i>Quid rides</i>”—why do you smile?—or -<i>quid</i> rides. Here is another, proposed many -years ago, for a doctor of indifferent <span class="nowrap">repute:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Take some device in your own way,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Neither too solemn, nor too gay;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Three ducks suppose, white, grey, and black,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And let your motto be “Quack! Quack!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>ON ONE NOTT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">There was a man who was Nott born,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">His sire was Nott before him;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He did Nott live, he did Nott die,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">His tombstone was Nott o’er him.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>ON JOHN SO</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">So died John So,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">So, so, did he so?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So did he live, and So did he die,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">So, so, did he so?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">So let him lie!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI130">[I-130]</span></p> - -<h4>STRANGE SIGHTS</h4> - -<p>The importance of proper punctuation is very -happily illustrated by the following <span class="nowrap">lines:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I saw a peacock with a fiery tail<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I saw a blazing comet pour down hail<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I saw a cloud enwrapped with ivy round<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I saw an oak tree swallow up a whale<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I saw the boundless sea brimful of ale<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I saw a Venice glass fifteen feet deep<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I saw a well full of mens’ tears that weep<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I saw wet eyes among the things that I saw<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Were no sore eyes nor any other eye-sore.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A QUAINT INSCRIPTION</h4> - -<p>There is a curiously constructed inscription -over the door of the cloister of the Convent of -the Carmelites at Caen, which runs <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="inscription" summary="Inscription"> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td> </td> -<td>di</td> -<td> </td> -<td>Si</td> -<td> </td> -<td>scap</td> -<td> </td> -<td>ac</td> -<td> </td> -<td>ab as</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>um</td> -<td> </td> -<td>vus</td> -<td> </td> -<td>mon</td> -<td> </td> -<td>ulare</td> -<td> </td> -<td>cepit</td> -<td> </td> -<td>tris.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td> </td> -<td>sæ</td> -<td> </td> -<td>Dæ</td> -<td> </td> -<td>ul</td> -<td> </td> -<td>in</td> -<td> </td> -<td>in an</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The lines are in honour of one Simon Stock -of that order, and they may be freely <span class="nowrap">rendered:—</span></p> - -<table class="inscription" summary="Inscription"> - -<tr> -<td>W</td> -<td> </td> -<td>ho</td> -<td> </td> -<td>Si</td> -<td> </td> -<td>first beg</td> -<td> </td> -<td>pr</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>hen</td> -<td> </td> -<td>ly</td> -<td> </td> -<td>mon</td> -<td> </td> -<td>an his</td> -<td> </td> -<td>eaching.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td> </td> -<td>wi</td> -<td> </td> -<td>De</td> -<td> </td> -<td>howled to sc</td> -<td> </td> -<td>t</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4>NONSENSE VERSE<br /> -<span class="smcapall">IMPROMPTU, BY AN OLD DIVINE</span></h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If down his throat a man should choose<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In fun to jump or slide,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He’d scrape his shoes against his teeth,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Nor soil his own inside.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or if his teeth were lost and gone,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And not a stump to scrape upon,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He’d see at once how very pat<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His tongue lay there by way of mat,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And he would wipe his feet on that!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI131">[I-131]</span></p> - -<h4>EDGAR POE’S RIDDLE</h4> - -<p>Edgar A. Poe addressed the following puzzle-valentine -to a lady, adding, “You will not read the -riddle, though you do the best you can <span class="nowrap">do:”—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">For her this rhyme is penned whose luminous eyes,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Brightly expressive as the twins of Leda,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Shall find her own sweet name, that nestling lies<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon the page, enwrapped from every reader.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Search narrowly the lines—they hold a treasure<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Divine—a talisman—an amulet<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That must be worn at heart. Search well the measure.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The first letter of the first line, the second of -the second, the third of the third, and so on spell -the lady’s name—Frances.</p> - -<h4>AN ILLUSION OF TYPE</h4> - -<p>A curious optical illusion is illustrated by -printing a row of ordinary capital letters and -figures which are symmetrical, <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center highline2">SSSSSXXXXX3333388888</p> - -<p>If we glance at them casually it does not strike -us that their upper parts are smaller than the -lower, but if we turn the paper upside down we -are at once surprised to see how marked the -difference really is.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo139.png" alt="Text" /> -</div> - -<h4>AN EXCHANGE OF COMPLIMENTS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i8">At a tavern one night<br /></span> -<span class="i8">Messrs More, Strange, and Wright<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Met, good cheer and good thoughts to exchange.<br /></span> -<span class="i8">Says More, “Of us three<br /></span> -<span class="i8">The whole town will agree<br /></span> -<span class="i0">There is only one knave, and that’s <i>Strange</i>!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="pagenum" id="PageI132">[I-132]</span> -<span class="i8">“Yes,” says Strange, rather sore,<br /></span> -<span class="i8">“I’m sure there’s one <i>More</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A most terrible knave, and a bite,<br /></span> -<span class="i8">Who cheated his mother,<br /></span> -<span class="i8">His sister, and brother.”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Oh yes,” replied More, “that is <i>Wright</i>!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>ΗΚΙΣΤΑ ΛΙΨ<br /> -<span class="smcapall">HE KISSED HER LIPS</span></h4> - -<p class="center">(<i>According to the daily Press, a good old-fashioned -kiss lately lost favour in some quarters.</i>)</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though a billiard player’s miss<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cannot meet or make a kiss;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though a modern school of misses<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Be not in the cue for kisses;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Chloe’s lips are not amiss,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Kismet! <i>I have</i> met a kiss.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED</h4> - -<p>We must not fail to register these two Questions -Well Answered, which it is hard to match -for <span class="nowrap">excellence:—</span></p> - -<p>Q.—Why did the fly fly?</p> - -<p>A.—Because the spider spied her!</p> - -<p class="noindent">And</p> - -<p>Q.—Why did the lobster blush?</p> - -<p>A.—Because it saw the salad dressing!</p> - -<p>The following puzzling lines were the outburst -of the wanton wit of a lover, in his effort to play -off one lady against another, and so retain two -strings to his <span class="nowrap">bow:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I don’t want the one that I don’t want to know<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That I want the one that I want;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But the one that I do want wants me to go<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And give up the one I don’t want.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="pagenum" id="PageI133">[I-133]</span> -<span class="i0">Why I don’t want the one that I don’t want to know<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That I want the one that I want,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is because, if the one that I want can’t be so,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I shall want the one I don’t want.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Charles Lamb was responsible for the following -ingenious perversion of words, when the Whig -associates of the Prince Regent were sore at not -obtaining <span class="nowrap">office:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Ye politicians tell me pray<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Why thus with woe and care rent?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This is the worst that you can say,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Some wind has blown the wig away,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And left the hair apparent!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="blankbefore75">We may assume that this was the germ of the -riddle “What is the difference between the -Prince of Wales, a bald-headed man, and a -monkey?” One is the <i>heir-apparent</i>, the second -has no <i>hair apparent</i>, and the third is a <i>hairy -parent</i>.</p> - -<h4>GRAMMAR OF A SORT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When is whiskey an adverb?<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>When it qualifies water.</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">When does a cow become a pronoun?<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>When it stands for Mary.</i><br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Can the conjunction “and” be used otherwise -than as a connecting link?</p> - -<p>Yes, as in the puzzle sentence, “It was and -I said not or,” which, if no comma is placed after -“said,” no one can read easily at sight.</p> - -<h4>A TONGUE TWISTER</h4> - -<p>The tragedy “William Tell” was to be played -many years ago at the old Drury Lane Theatre, -and an actor, familiarly known as Will, asked<span class="pagenum" id="PageI134">[I-134]</span> -the exponent of the part of Tell, on the eve of -its production, whether he thought the play -would tell with the critics and the public.</p> - -<p>The following question and answer passed -between them, in which only two different words -were used, in an intelligible sequence of twenty-five -<span class="nowrap">words:—</span></p> - -<p><i>Will.</i>—“The question has arisen Tell, ‘will -Will Tell tell?’ Will Tell tell Will ‘will Will -Tell tell?’”</p> - -<p><i>Tell.</i>—“Tell <i>will</i> tell Will ‘will Will Tell -tell?’ ‘Will Tell <i>will</i> tell!’”</p> - -<h4>THE LADY AND THE TIGER</h4> - -<p>Many of our readers will enjoy this very clever -rendering of a well-known <span class="nowrap">Limerick:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">There was a young lady of Riga,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who smiled as she rode on a tiger.<br /></span> -<span class="i4">They returned from the ride<br /></span> -<span class="i4">With the lady inside,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the smile on the face of the tiger!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Puella Rigensis ridebat,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Quam tigris in tergo vehebat;<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Externa profecta,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Interna revecta,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sed risus cum tigre manebat!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>ANOTHER TONGUE TWISTER</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Six sieves of sifted thistles,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Six sieves of unsifted thistles,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And six thistle sifters.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>To be repeated six times rapidly and articulately.</p> - -<h4 id="NutsI_">NOVEL DEFINITION OF A MAN’S HAT</h4> - -<p>Darkness that may be felt.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI135">[I-135]</span></p> - -<h4>IS IT LATIN?</h4> - -<p>The following cryptic notice was posted recently -on the green baize notice-board of a West-End -<span class="nowrap">Club:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">O nec ango in ab illi<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ardor pyram id contestata<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Potor ac an non.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Si deis puto nat times<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Ora res tu sed.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>For some time its message was a mystery, until -the sharp eyes of a member deciphered in what -seemed to be real Latin, and was made up of -Latin words, this English sentence, appropriate -to the place:—“One can go in a billiard or -pyramid contest at a pot or a cannon. Side is -put on at times, or a rest used.”</p> - -<h4>FOR THE CHILDREN</h4> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcapall">A QUESTION</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">How much wood would a wood-chuck chuck,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If a wood-chuck could chuck wood?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcapall">THE REPLY</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">The wood that a wood-chuck would chuck<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Is the wood that a wood chuck could chuck,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If the wood-chuck that could chuck would chuck,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or a wood-chuck could chuck wood!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A QUAINT CONCEIT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The Capitol was saved of old<br /></span> -<span class="i2">By geese with noisy bill;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">More sage than silly, birds so bold<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Should have a mission still.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Time was when roving on the loose,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A goose would raise my dander;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But now I feel each proper goose<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Should have her propaganda!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI136">[I-136]</span></p> - -<h4>A LACK OF HOPS!</h4> - -<p>A man fond of his joke, and speaking of Lenten -fare to a friend in a letter, <span class="nowrap">wrote:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I had a fish<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In a dish<br /></span> -<span class="i0">From an Archbish——<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">leaving it to his ingenuity to complete the broken -line. The reply was a clever solution to the -<span class="nowrap">puzzle:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I had a fish<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In a dish<br /></span> -<span class="i0">From an Archbish——<br /></span> -<span class="i0">’Op is not here<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For he gave me no beer!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>FOR THE CHILDREN</h4> - -<p>The following simple calculation will be amusing -to children:—If an even number of coins -or sweets are held in one hand, and an odd -number in the other, let the holder multiply -those in the right hand by 2, and those in the left -hand by 3, and add together the two results. -If this is an even quantity the coins or sweets -in the right hand are even, and in the left odd; -if it is odd the contrary is the case.</p> - -<h4>PETER PIPER’S WIFE</h4> - -<p class="center">(<i>To be read or said rapidly.</i>)</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Betty bit a bit o’ butter,<br /></span> -<span class="i16">Bitter bit!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But a better bit o’ butter<br /></span> -<span class="i16">Betty bit!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI137">[I-137]</span></p> - -<h4>PHONETIC VERSE<br /> -“<i>A haunt each mermaid knows</i>”</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Eh horn teach myrrh made nose,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Buy seize wear awl groat ales;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hear chilled wrens port inn rose,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Seek your gain steals oar wails.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sum son there yell oh hare,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Sums whim threw sigh leant baize;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sow form sand fay says fare<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Shy never knight sand daze.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>PORSON’S EPIGRAM</h4> - -<p>Porson wrote a Latin epigram on a Fellow -of one of the Colleges who always pronounced -the <i>a</i> of Euphrates short. This was wittily translated -<span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With fear on the Euphrates shore<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The wild waves made him shiver.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But he thought to pass more quickly o’er,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">So he <i>abridged</i>—the river!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>ALL THE ALPHABET</h4> - -<p>All the letters of the alphabet are used in these -lines, which have such an easy <span class="nowrap">flow:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“God gives the grazing ox his meat,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And quickly hears the sheep’s, low cry.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But man, who tastes his finest wheat,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Should joy to lift His praises high.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A FRENCH TONGUE TWISTER</h4> - -<p>A French mother, as she gives to her child a -cup of tea to allay its cough, <span class="nowrap">says:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“Ton thé t’a-t-il oté ta toux?”<br /> -(Thy tea, has it removed thy cough?)</p> - -<p>This sentence, repeated rapidly, is warranted -to tire the nimblest tongue.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI138">[I-138]</span></p> - -<h4>QUEER QUESTIONS AND QUAINT REPLIES</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Why does the cannon ball?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Because the Vickers Maxim<br /></span> -<span class="i8">(the vicar smacks him!)<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Why is the river Itchen?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Because there is a current in its bed.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>WAS IT SCANDAL?</h4> - -<p>Dick and Harry meet in a dim hotel <span class="nowrap">passage:—</span></p> - -<p class="noindent"><i>Dick.</i>—Did you hear that story about No. 288?</p> - -<p class="noindent"><i>Harry</i> (<i>all ears</i>).—No; what was it?</p> - -<p class="noindent"><i>Dick.</i>—Oh, it’s too gross, too gross entirely!</p> - -<p class="noindent"><i>Harry.</i>—Tell away. I’ll try to stand it.</p> - -<p class="noindent"><i>Dick.</i>—Well; 288 <i>is</i> two gross, isn’t it?</p> - -<h4>AN INCONSEQUENT ECHO</h4> - -<p>Byron in his “Bride of Abydos” is responsible -for the following strangely inconsequent <span class="nowrap">echo:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Hark to the hurried question of Despair,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Where is my child?” and Echo answers,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“Where?”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>A well-conducted echo would assuredly have -seconded the cry of Despair by repeating the -final syllables “my child!”</p> - -<h4>AN APPROPRIATE ANSWER</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Why did the Razorbill raise her bill?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To let the sea urchin see her chin!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>CRICKET LATIN</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Bene audax.<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Well bowled!</i><br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI139">[I-139]</span></p> - -<h4>MACARONIC VERSE</h4> - -<p>Here is a modern specimen of Macaronic -<span class="nowrap">verse:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Luce metat ipse sutor<br /></span> -<span class="i2">(Cantas Orci madentes!)<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Qua forum an empti putor<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Potor tria quarto pes!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Which reads into English <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Lucy met a tipsy suitor<br /></span> -<span class="i2">(Can’t a saucy maiden tease!)<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Quaff o’ rum an empty pewter<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Pot, or try a quart o’ peas!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>MACARONIC PROSE</h4> - -<p class="center smcapall">LATIN</p> - -<p>Puris agem, suetis a sylva bella vi olet indue -mos is pura sueta far, amar vel verre ex que sit.</p> - -<p class="center smcapall">ENGLISH READING</p> - -<p>Pure is a gem, sweet is a silver bell, a violet in -dewy moss is purer, sweeter far, a marvel very -exquisite.</p> - -<h4>THE LONG AND THE SHORT OF IT</h4> - -<p>These quaint lines were once addressed to a -very tall barrister, named Long, when he was -<span class="nowrap">briefless:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Longè longorum longissime, Longe, virorum,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dic mihi, te quæso, num Breve quicquid habes?”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>MOORE’S RIDDLE</h4> - -<p>Thomas Moore, the poet, is responsible for the -following rude riddle, and its <span class="nowrap">reply:—</span></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI140">[I-140]</span></p> - -<p>Why is a pump like Viscount Castlereagh?</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Because it is a slender thing of wood,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That up and down its awkward arms doth sway,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And coolly spout, and spout, and spout away,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In one weak, washy, everlasting flood!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>BIGGAR AND BIGGER</h4> - -<p>Mrs Biggar had a baby. Which was the -bigger? The baby was a little Biggar!</p> - -<p>Which was the bigger, Mr Biggar or the baby? -Mr Biggar was father Biggar!</p> - -<p>Mr Biggar died; was the baby then bigger -than Mrs Biggar? No, for the baby was fatherless!</p> - -<h4>MAGIC CARD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Place the sixteen court cards from an ordinary -pack in the form of a square, so arranged that -no row, no column, and neither of the diagonals -shall contain more than one card of each suit, -and one of each rank.</p> - -<p>As the solution presents no difficulty, but -merely calls for patience and attention, we will -leave it to the ingenuity of our readers.</p> - -<h4>THE ANNO DOMINI PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>A Scottish tradesman had made, as he supposed, -about £4,000, but his old clerk produced -a balance-sheet which plainly showed £6,000 -to his credit. It came upon the old gentleman -as quite a disappointing shock when presently -the puzzle was solved by the discovery that in -the addition the year of Our Lord had been -taken into account!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI141">[I-141]</span></p> - -<h4>A PUBLIC SINK</h4> - -<p>The following ingenious play upon words dates -from the days when a promise was made that the -Thames pollution should cease in five <span class="nowrap">years:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In shorter time, kind sir, contrive<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To purify our drink;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For while your figure is a Five<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Our river is a Cinq!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>ENGLISH AS SHE IS SPOKE</h4> - -<p>“Mr Smith presents his compliments to Mr -Brown, and I have got a hat that is not his, and -he has got a hat that is not yours, so no doubt -they are the expectant ones!”</p> - -<h4>PICKING FROM <i>PUNCH</i></h4> - -<p>This play upon words appeared many years -ago in the pages of <i>Punch</i>, and is worth <span class="nowrap">preserving:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To win the maid the poet tries,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And sonnets writes to Julia’s eyes.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">She likes a verse, but, cruel whim,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">She still remains <i>averse</i> to him.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>FRENCH ALLITERATION</h4> - -<p>“Si six scies scient six cigares, six cent six scies -scient six cent six cigares.”</p> - -<p><i>To be said trippingly without a trip.</i></p> - -<p>If 6 saws cut 6 cigars, 606 saws cut 606 cigars.</p> - -<h4>MIND YOUR STOPS!</h4> - -<p>Here is a good illustration of the nonsense that -may easily result from the misuse of <span class="nowrap">punctuation:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Every lady in the land<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Has twenty nails on each hand;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Five and twenty on hands and feet,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This is true without deceit.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI142">[I-142]</span></p> - -<h4>A NOVEL DERIVATION</h4> - -<p>“Yes,” said an Eton captain of the boats to -his uncle, the admiral, “I can quite believe that -the British Jack Tar takes his name from that -Latin verb, which is so suggestive of a life on the -ocean wave, <i>jactari</i>, to be tossed about.”</p> - -<h4>AN AERATED BISHOP</h4> - -<p>A bishop of Sodor and Man found himself -entered in the visitor’s book of a French hotel as -“L’évêque du siphon et de l’homme!”</p> - -<h4>A HAPPY THOUGHT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">They cannot be complete in aught<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who are not humourously prone;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A man without a merry thought<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Can hardly have a funny bone.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>OUGH!</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though the tough cough and hiccough<br /></span> -<span class="i18">Make me hoarse,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Through life’s dark lough I plough<br /></span> -<span class="i20">My patient course.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>CUM GRANO SALIS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I know Eno, you know too,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Fact is we all three know.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We know Eno, he knows you.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You know I know Eno!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>OLD AND SOUND ADVICE</h4> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Nicholas, 1828.</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">He who a watch would wear<br /></span> -<span class="i2">This must he do;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Pocket his watch, and watch<br /></span> -<span class="i2">His pocket too!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI143">[I-143]</span></p> - -<h4>COLD-DRAWN CONCLUSIONS</h4> - -<p>Why is a lame dog like a blotting-pad?</p> - -<p class="padl4">A lame dog is a slow pup.</p> - -<p class="padl4">A slope up is an inclined plane.</p> - -<p class="padl4">An ink-lined plane is a blotting-pad!</p> - -<h4>THE LAST OF MARY</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Mary had a little lamp,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Filled with benzoline;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tried to light it at the fire,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Has not since benzine!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A BURIED WORD</h4> - -<p>It is difficult to imagine that the very incarnation -of what is wild and forbidding is -buried in those words of peace and promise, “On -Christmas Eve you rang out Angel peals,” -until we find in them the consecutive letters -“ourangoutang!”</p> - -<h4>EVE’S APPLE</h4> - -<p>How many apples were eaten by Adam and -Eve? We know that Eve 81, and that Adam -812, total 893. But Adam 8142 please his wife, -and Eve 81242 please Adam, total 89,384. Then -again Eve 814240 fy herself, and Adam 8124240 -fy himself, total 8,938,480!</p> - -<h4>U C I D K<br /> -(<i>You see I decay!</i>)</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“Surely, good sir, you follow me?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It is as plain as A B C.”<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“Repeat it in a treble clef,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For I am rather D E F!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI144">[I-144]</span></p> - -<h4>BURIED BY ACCIDENT</h4> - -<p>Quite unconscious that he was burying a cat -in his melodious lines Moore <span class="nowrap">wrote:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“How sweet the answer Echo makes<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To music at night...!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A LAWYER’S PROPOSAL</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Fee simple and the simple fee,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And all the fees in tail,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Are nothing when compared with thee,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Thou best of fees, fe-male!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A BROAD GRIN</h4> - -<p>“Sesquipedalia verba,” words a foot and a -half long, were condemned by Horace in his “Ars -Poetica.” Had he known English, what would he -have said of “smiles,” a word so long that there -is a mile between its first and last letters?</p> - -<h4>SWISS HUMOUR</h4> - -<p>A Swiss lad asked me, as I stopped quite breathless -on an Alpine height, “Do you prefer ‘monter’ -to ‘descendre?’” I declared a preference for -downhill, but he most convincingly replied, “I -prefer ‘mon thé’ to ‘des cendres!’” (my tea -to cinders).</p> - -<h4>QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Why did the penny stamp?<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Because the threepenny bit.</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Why did the sausage roll?<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Because it saw the apple turn-over.</i><br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI145">[I-145]</span></p> - -<h4>MEN OF LETTERS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A budding author something new<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Submitting, signed himself X Q.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The editor the essay read,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And begged he might be X Q Z!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>PUZZLES ON THE PAVEMENT</h4> - -<p>An angry street arab, who seems to have caught -the infection of our letter puzzles, was heard -recently to call out to a gutter-snipe, “You are -a fifty-one ar!” (LIAR.)</p> - -<h4>PHONETIC ANSWERS</h4> - -<p>Why may you pick an artist’s pocket?—Because -he has <i>pictures</i>.</p> - -<p>What is the solace for a mind deprest?—<i>Deep -rest</i>.</p> - -<h4>A FLIGHT OF FANCY</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">There was a man from Yankeeland<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who round a walnut tree<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Did run so fast—that lissome man—<br /></span> -<span class="i2">His own back he could see!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>BURNS IN SABOTS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Guigne a beau de qui sabot de<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nid a beau de t’elle?”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>DOG LATIN</h4> - -<p>Here are all the elements of a rat hunt, expressed -in Latin words:—“Sit stillabit,” sed -amanto hiscat, “sta redde, sum misi feror arat -trito unda minus, solet me terna ferret in micat.” -They read into English, if differently pointed, -thus:—Sit still a bit, said a man to his cat, stay -ready, some mice I fear, or a rat try to undermine -us, so let me turn a ferret in, my cat.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI146">[I-146]</span></p> - -<h4>EARLY RITUAL</h4> - -<p>It is said that at first Adam thought Eve -angelical, but there came a time when they both -took to vestments.</p> - -<h4>LEST WE FORGET</h4> - -<p>If a man says that he forgets what he does not -wish to remember, does he mean to say that he -does not remember what it is that he wishes -to forget; or that he is able to forget that which -he does not wish to remember?</p> - -<h4>QUAINT ANGLO-FRENCH QUESTION AND -REPLY</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Pas qu’il ma, ou qu’il pas?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="poemcredit"><i>Marwood!</i></p> - -<h4>SOME POPULAR DEFINITIONS</h4> - -<table class="sports" summary="Definitions"> - -<tr> -<th><i>Cricket.</i></th> -<th><i>Lawn Tennis.</i></th> -<th><i>Football.</i></th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td >Lords</td> -<td class="mid">Ladies</td> -<td >Legs</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td >Stumps</td> -<td class="mid">Jumps</td> -<td >Bumps.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4>REAL DOG LATIN</h4> - -<p class="center">Pax in bello.<br /> -<i>The dogs of war.</i></p> - -<h4>A QUAINT EPITAPH</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Here in S X I lies.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Killed by X S I dies.<br /></span> -</div> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A PHONETIC REPLY</h4> - -<p>What is the French for teetotaler?—Thé -tout à l’heure!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI147">[I-147]</span></p> - -<h4>A FREE RENDERING</h4> - -<p class="center">Varietas pro Rege.<br /> -<i>Change for a sovereign!</i></p> - -<h4>A FREE TRANSLATION</h4> - -<p class="center">“Splendide mendax.”<br /> -Lying in State.</p> - -<h4>A WORD AND A BLOW</h4> - -<p>When Dunlop, in playful mood, said that no -one could make a good pun on his name, a smart -bystander at once exclaimed, “Lop off the end, -and the thing is done!”</p> - -<h4>DOG LATIN (FOR SCHOOLBOYS)</h4> - -<p>Mitte meos super omnes ad candam aut esse -homines mortui.</p> - -<p>The Dog Latin may be rendered thus: “Send -my overalls to the tailor to be mended.”</p> - -<h4>HIS L. E. G.</h4> - -<p>Some printer’s devil must have been at work -when the proof-reader found “The Legend of -the Cid,” set up in type as “The leg end of the -Kid!”</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI148">[I-148]</span></p> - -<h3>SOLUTIONS</h3> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_V">No. V.—THE MAKING OF A MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>The perfect Magic Square, for which we have -given the construction of two preparatory squares, -is formed by placing one of these over the other, -so that the numbers in their corresponding cells -combine, as is shown below.</p> - -<div class="split5050"> - -<div class="left5050"> - -<p class="caption above"><span class="smcap">Preparatory Square No. 1.</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare specialrow" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr class="bbd"> -<td colspan="2" class="noborder"> </td> -<td class="center noborder">*</td> -<td colspan="2" class="noborder"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd bbd"> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--left5050--> - -<div class="right5050"> - -<p class="caption above"><span class="smcap">Preparatory Square No. 2.</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare specialrow" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr class="bbd"> -<td colspan="3" class="noborder"> </td> -<td class="center noborder">*</td> -<td class="noborder"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd"> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bld brd bbd"> -<td class="number">0</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--right5050--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split5050--> - -<p class="caption above"><span class="smcap">The Perfect Magic Square.</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">20</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>No less than 57,600 Magic Squares can be -formed with twenty-five cells by varying the -arrangement of these same figures, but not many -are so perfect as our specimen, in which sixty-five<span class="pagenum" id="PageI149">[I-149]</span> -can be counted in forty-two ways. These comprise -each horizontal row; each perpendicular -row; main diagonals; blended diagonals from -every corner (such as 6, with 14, 17, 25, 3; or 15, 18, -with 21, 4, 7); centre with any four equidistant -in outer cells; any perfect St George’s cross -(such as 18, 22, 1, 15, 9); and any perfect St -Andrew’s cross (such as 6, 22, 13, 5, 19).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_V">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XII">No. XII.—A CENTURY OF CELLS</h4> - -<p>Here is the solution of the ingenious Magic -Square of 100 cells with 36 cells unfilled. The -rows, columns, and diagonals all add up to 505.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td class="number">91</td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td class="number">97</td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td class="number">95</td> -<td class="number">94</td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td class="number">100</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">20</td> -<td class="number">82</td> -<td class="number">83</td> -<td class="number">17</td> -<td class="number">16</td> -<td class="number">15</td> -<td class="number">14</td> -<td class="number">88</td> -<td class="number">89</td> -<td class="number">81</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">21</td> -<td class="number">72</td> -<td class="number">73</td> -<td class="number">74</td> -<td class="number">25</td> -<td class="number">26</td> -<td class="number">27</td> -<td class="number">78</td> -<td class="number">79</td> -<td class="number">30</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">60</td> -<td class="number">39</td> -<td class="number">38</td> -<td class="number">64</td> -<td class="number">66</td> -<td class="number">65</td> -<td class="number">67</td> -<td class="number">33</td> -<td class="number">32</td> -<td class="number">41</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">50</td> -<td class="number">49</td> -<td class="number">48</td> -<td class="number">57</td> -<td class="number">55</td> -<td class="number">56</td> -<td class="number">54</td> -<td class="number">43</td> -<td class="number">42</td> -<td class="number">51</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">61</td> -<td class="number">59</td> -<td class="number">58</td> -<td class="number">47</td> -<td class="number">45</td> -<td class="number">46</td> -<td class="number">44</td> -<td class="number">53</td> -<td class="number">52</td> -<td class="number">40</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">31</td> -<td class="number">69</td> -<td class="number">68</td> -<td class="number">34</td> -<td class="number">35</td> -<td class="number">36</td> -<td class="number">37</td> -<td class="number">63</td> -<td class="number">62</td> -<td class="number">70</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">80</td> -<td class="number">22</td> -<td class="number">23</td> -<td class="number">24</td> -<td class="number">75</td> -<td class="number">76</td> -<td class="number">77</td> -<td class="number">28</td> -<td class="number">29</td> -<td class="number">71</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">90</td> -<td class="number">12</td> -<td class="number">13</td> -<td class="number">87</td> -<td class="number">86</td> -<td class="number">85</td> -<td class="number">84</td> -<td class="number">18</td> -<td class="number">19</td> -<td class="number">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td class="number">99</td> -<td class="number">98</td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td class="number">96</td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td class="number">93</td> -<td class="number">92</td> -<td class="number">10</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Notice that the top and bottom rows contain -all the numbers from 1 to 10 and from 91 to 100; -the two rows next to these range from 11 to 20 -and from 81 to 90; the two next from 21 to 30 -and from 71 to 80; the two next from 31 to 39 -and 60 to 70, excluding 61, but including 41; -and the two central rows the numbers run from -42 to 59, with 40 and 61.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI150">[I-150]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XXIII">No. XXIII.—TWIN PUZZLE SQUARES</h4> - -<p>The following diagram shows how the twin -Magic Squares are evolved from our <span class="nowrap">diagram:—</span></p> - -<table class="twinsquare" summary="Magic squares"> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br bb bl2">1</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br bb bl">5</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br2 bb bl">6</td> -<td> </td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br bb bl2">2</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br bb bl">3</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt2 br2 bb bl">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb bl2">2</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb bl">6</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br2 bb bl">7</td> -<td> </td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb bl2">3</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb bl">4</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br2 bb bl">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bt2 bb2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb2 bl2">3</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb2 bl">7</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br2 bb2 bl">8</td> -<td> </td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb2 bl2">4</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br bb2 bl">5</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="bt br2 bb2 bl">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class=""> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class=""> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The sums of the corresponding rows in each -square are now equal, and the sums of the squares -of the corresponding cells of these rows are equal. -The sums of the four diagonals are also equal, -and the sum of the squares of the cells in corresponding -diagonals are equal. The sum of any -two numbers symmetrically placed with respect -to the connecting link between the 7 and the 3 -is always 10.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XXIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XXX">No. XXX.—THE UNIQUE TRIANGLE</h4> - -<p>The figures to be transposed in triangle A are -9 and 3 and 7 and 1.</p> - -<div class="split5050"> - -<div class="left5050"> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo158a.png" alt="Triangle" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption">A</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<table class="diamondshape illotext" summary="Magic triangle"> -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>5</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>4</td> -<td> </td> -<td>6</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>3</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>7</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>2</td> -<td> </td> -<td>1</td> -<td> </td> -<td>9</td> -<td> </td> -<td>8</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--left5050--> - -<div class="right5050"> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo158b.png" alt="Triangle" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption">B</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<table class="diamondshape illotext" summary="Magic triangle"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>5</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>4</td> -<td> </td> -<td>6</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>9</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>1</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>2</td> -<td> </td> -<td>7</td> -<td> </td> -<td>3</td> -<td> </td> -<td>8</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--right5050--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split5050--> - -<p class="blankbefore75">Then in triangle B, the sum of the side is in each -case 20, and the sums of the squares of the numbers -along the sides is in each case 126.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XXX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI151">[I-151]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XXXI">No. XXXI.—MAGIC TRIANGLES</h4> - -<p>The subjoined diagram shows the order in -which the first 18 numbers can be arranged so -that they count 19, 38, or 57 in many ways, -down, across, or along some angles, 19 in 6 ways, -38 in 12, and 57 in 14 ways.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo159.png" alt="Magic triangles" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Thus, for <span class="nowrap">examples—</span></p> - -<table class="swarm2" summary="Examples"> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">12</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">14</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit"> 4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">15</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">19</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">11</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">14</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td> </td> -<td colspan="3" class="center">———</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">38</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">14</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit"> 4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">12</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">15</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">57</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XXXI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XXXIV">No. XXXIV.—MAGIC HEXAGON IN A -CIRCLE</h4> - -<p>The figures in the Magic Hexagon must be -arranged as is shown in this <span class="nowrap">diagram:—</span></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI152">[I-152]</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo160a.png" alt="Magic hexagon" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<div class="illotext w30m"> - -<table class="diamondshape hexagons" summary="Circled hexagons"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="number">126</td> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">114</td> -<td colspan="17"> </td> -<td class="number">114</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">3</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="number">9</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number">126</td> -<td colspan="17"> </td> -<td class="number">126</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">4</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="number">1</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">8</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">6</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">7</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">2</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="number">5</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="number">114</td> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--illotext--> - -<p class="blankbefore75">It will be seen that the sum of the four digits -on each side of each triangle is twenty, and that, -while their arrangements vary, the total of the -added squares of the numbers on the alternate -sides of the hexagon are equal.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XXXIV">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XXXVI">No. XXXVI.—A CHARMING PUZZLE</h4> - -<table class="hexagon" summary="Puzzle"> - -<tr> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -<td>✦</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>To pass through these nine dots with four continuous -straight lines, start at the top right-hand<span class="pagenum" id="PageI153">[I-153]</span> -corner, and draw a line along the top of the -square and <i>beyond its limits</i>, until its end is in -line with the central dots of the side and base. -Draw the second line through these, continuing -it until its end is below and in line with the right-hand -side of the square; draw the third line up -to the starting-point, and the fourth as a diagonal, -which completes the course.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XXXVI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XXXVII">No. XXXVII.—LEAP-FROG</h4> - -<p>On a chess or draught-board three white men -are placed on squares marked <i>a</i> and three black -men on squares marked <i>b</i> in the <span class="nowrap">diagram—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Leap-frog"> - -<tr class="bt2 bb2"> -<td class="number noborder bl2 br"><i>a</i></td> -<td class="number noborder br"><i>a</i></td> -<td class="number noborder br"><i>a</i></td> -<td class="number noborder br"> </td> -<td class="number noborder br"><i>b</i></td> -<td class="number noborder br"><i>b</i></td> -<td class="number noborder br2"><i>b</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="number noborder">1</td> -<td class="number noborder">2</td> -<td class="number noborder">3</td> -<td class="number noborder">4</td> -<td class="number noborder">5</td> -<td class="number noborder">6</td> -<td class="number noborder">7</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Every <i>a</i> can move from left to right one square -at a time, and every <i>b</i> from right to left, and any -piece can leap over one of another colour on to -an unoccupied square. They can reverse their -positions <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p>If we number the cells or squares consecutively, -and notice that at starting the vacant cell is -No. 4, then in the successive moves the vacant -cells will be 3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1, 3, 5, 7, 6, 4, 2, 3, 5, 4. -Of the moves thus indicated six are simple, and -nine are leaps.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XXXVII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XXXVIII">No. XXXVIII.—SORTING THE COUNTERS</h4> - -<p>The counters are changed in four moves only, -moving two at a time as <span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI154">[I-154]</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo162a.png" alt="Counters" /> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo162b.png" alt="Counters" /> -</div> - -<table class="moves" summary="Moves"> - -<tr> -<td>Move</td> -<td>2 and 3</td> -<td>to</td> -<td>9 and 10.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>„</td> -<td>5 and 6</td> -<td>to</td> -<td>2 and  3.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>„</td> -<td>8 and 9</td> -<td>to</td> -<td>5 and  6.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>„</td> -<td>1 and 2</td> -<td>to</td> -<td>8 and  9.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XXXVIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XXXIX">No. XXXIX.—A TRANSFORMATION</h4> - -<p>To change the ten-pointed star of wooden -matches into one of five points without touching -it, let a little water fall into the very centre, -as it lies on quite a smooth surface, and in a few -moments, under the action of the water, it will -gradually assume the shape shown in the second -diagram, of a five-pointed star.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo162c.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -<p>This is a very simple and effective after-dinner -trick. Small matches move best.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XXXIX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI155">[I-155]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XLI">No. XLI.—FAST AND LOOSE</h4> - -<p>The twelve counters or draughtsmen lying -loosely at the bottom of a shallow box can be -arranged so that they wedge themselves together -and against the side <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo163.png" alt="Shallow box" /> -</div> - -<p class="illotext w10m">Temporary centre</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="blankbefore75">Place one for the moment in the centre, and -six round it. Hold these firmly in their places -with the left hand, and fix the other five round -them, as is shown in the diagram. Then remove -the temporary centre, and fill in with it the vacant -place. All will then be in firm contact, and the -box may be turned upside down without displacing -them.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XLI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI156">[I-156]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XLIII">No. XLIII.—FOR CLEVER PENCILS</h4> - -<p>This diagram, shows how a continuous course -is possible without taking pencil from paper, or -going twice over any line.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo164a.png" alt="Diagram" /> -</div> - -<p>We have purposely left spaces wide enough to -make the solution perfectly clear.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XLIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XLVIII">No. XLVIII.—A BOTTLED BUTTON</h4> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo164b.png" alt="Bottled button" /> -</div> - -<p>The diagram below shows how the thread -within the bottle is severed so that the button<span class="pagenum" id="PageI157">[I-157]</span> -falls, without uncorking the bottle or breaking -it.</p> - -<p>Nothing is needed but a lens to focus the rays -of the sun, which pass through the glass without -heating it, and burn the thread.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XLVIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XLIX">No. XLIX.—CLEARING THE WAY</h4> - -<p>In order to cause the coin to fall into the bottle -without touching coin, match, or bottle, let a -drop or two of water fall upon the bent middle -of the match.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo165.png" alt="Match on bottle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Very soon, under the action of the water, the -two ends of the match will open out so that the -coin which was resting on them falls between -them into the bottle.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XLIX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI158">[I-158]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LII">No. LII.—BILLIARD MAGIC</h4> - -<p>The diagram we give below shows the ingenious -trick by which the plain white, if struck gently -with a cue, will, aided by the tumbler, pot the -spot white ball without in any way disturbing -the red.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo166.jpg" alt="Billiard balls" /> -</div> - -<p>The balls to start with are an eighth of an inch -apart, and there is not room for a ball to pass -between the cushions and the red. Place the -tumbler close to spot white.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI159">[I-159]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LIII">No. LIII.—THE NIMBLE COIN</h4> - -<p>The most effective way to transfer the coin -from the top of the circular band of paper into -the bottle is to strike a smart blow with a cane, -or any small stick, on the inside of the paper band. -There is not time for the coin to be influenced -in the same direction, and it falls plumb into the -neck of the bottle.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo167.png" alt="Bottle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LVIII">No. LVIII.—WHAT WILL HAPPEN?</h4> - -<p>When the boy shown in this picture blows -hard at the bottle which is between his mouth -and the candle flame, the divided air current<span class="pagenum" id="PageI160">[I-160]</span> -flows round the bottle, reunites, and extinguishes -the flame.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo168a.png" alt="Blowing out candle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LVIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LX">No. LX.—VIS INERTIÆ</h4> - -<p>If, by a strong pull of my finger, I launch the -draughtsman that is on the edge of the table -against the column of ten in front of it, the black -man, which is just at the height to receive the -full force of the blow, will be knocked clean -out of its place, while the others will not fall. -This is another illustration of the <i>vis inertiæ</i>.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo168b.png" alt="Draughtsmen" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI161">[I-161]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXI">No. LXI.—CUT AND COME AGAIN</h4> - -<p>A block of ice would <i>never</i> be divided completely -by a loop of wire on which hangs a 5 ℔ -weight. For as the wire works its way through, -the slit closes up by refreezing, and the weight -falls to the ground with the wire, leaving the ice -still in a single block.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo169.png" alt="Ice" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXIII">No. LXIII.—CATCHING THE DICE</h4> - -<p>It is quite easy to throw the upper of this pair -of dice into the air and catch it in the cup, but -the other is more elusive. As you throw it upward -with sufficient force you will also throw<span class="pagenum" id="PageI162">[I-162]</span> -the die that has been already caught out of the -cup.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo170.png" alt="Dice in cup" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The secret of success lies in dropping the hand -and cup rapidly downwards, quitting hold at the -same moment of the die, which then falls quietly -into the cup held to receive it.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXIV">No. LXIV.—WILL THEY FALL?</h4> - -<p>When the single domino shown in the diagram -in front of the double archway, is quite smartly -tipped up by the forefinger carefully inserted -through the lower arch, the stone which lies -flat below another <i>is knocked clean out</i>, while<span class="pagenum" id="PageI163">[I-163]</span> -none of the other stones fall, another practical -illustration of <i>vis inertiæ</i>.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo171.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>For this very curious trick, club dominoes, -thick and large, should be used. Some patience -and experience is needed, but success at last -is certain.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXIV">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXV">No. LXV.—A TRANSPOSITION</h4> - -<p>You will be able to place the shaded coin between -the other two in a straight line without -touching one of these, and without moving the -other, if you place a finger firmly on the king’s -head and then move the shaded coin an inch or<span class="pagenum" id="PageI164">[I-164]</span> -two to the right, and flick it back against the -coin you hold. The other “tail” coin will then -spring away far enough to allow the space that -is required.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo172.png" alt="Three pennies" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXV">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXVI">No. LXVI.—COIN COUNTING</h4> - -<p>After reaching and turning the coin which -you first call “four,” <i>miss three coins</i>, and begin -then a fresh set of four; repeat this process to -the end.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXVI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXVIII">No. LXVIII.—NUTS TO CRACK</h4> - -<p>Hold a cup of water so that it will wet the -handle of the knife, then remove it, and place -the nut exactly on the spot where the drop of -water falls from the handle.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXVIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXXI">No. LXXI.—WHAT IS THIS?</h4> - -<p>The photographic enlargement is simply a -much magnified reproduction of Mr Chamberlain’s -eye and eyeglass, exactly as they appear -in the picture which we give below, taken from<span class="pagenum" id="PageI165">[I-165]</span> -its negative. A strong condensing lens will reproduce -the original effect, which can also be -obtained by holding the enlargement at a distance.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo173a.png" alt="Eye" /> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo173b.jpg" alt="Chamberlain" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXXI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI166">[I-166]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXXV">No. LXXV.—THE SEAL OF MAHOMET</h4> - -<div class="container10m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo174a.png" alt="Double crescent" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This double crescent may be drawn by one -continuous line, without passing twice over any -part, by starting at <i>A</i>, passing along the curve -<i>AGD</i>, from <i>D</i> along <i>DEB</i>, from <i>B</i> along <i>BFC</i>, -and from <i>C</i> along <i>CEA</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXXV">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXXVI">No. LXXVI.—MOVE THE MATCHES</h4> - -<p>If fifteen matches are arranged <span class="nowrap">thus—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo174b.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="noindent">and six are removed, ten is the number that -remains, <span class="nowrap">thus—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo174c.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="noindent">or one hundred may remain, <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo174d.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXXVI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI167">[I-167]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXXVII">No. LXXVII.—LINES ON AN OLD -SAMPLER</h4> - -<p>This diagram shows the arrangement in which -seventeen trees can be planted in twenty-eight -rows, three trees in each <span class="nowrap">row:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo175a.png" alt="Trees" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXXVII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXXXI">No. LXXXI.—COUNTING THEM OUT</h4> - -<p>Here is an arrangement of dominoes which -enables us to count out the first twelve numbers, -one after the other, by their <span class="nowrap">spelling:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo175b.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -<p>Start with the double five, and, touching each -stone in turn, say o, n, e, <i>one</i>; remove the stone -with one pip, and go on, t, w, o, <i>two</i>; remove<span class="pagenum" id="PageI168">[I-168]</span> -the two, and say t, h, r, e, e, <i>three</i>, and so on till -you reach at last the twelve.</p> - -<p>Playing cards can be used, counting knave, -queen, as eleven, twelve. It makes quite a good -trick if you place the cards face downwards in -the proper order, and then, saying that you will -call up each number in turn, move the cards one -at a time to the other end, spelling out each -number as before, either aloud or not, and turning -up and throwing out each as you hit upon -it. If you do not call the letters aloud it adds -to the mystery if you are blindfolded.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXXXI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_LXXXII">No. LXXXII.—TRICKS WITH DOMINOES</h4> - -<p>This is the other combination of stones and -their pips which fulfils the conditions, and forms -the word AGES.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo176.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -<p>In both cases a complete set of stones is used, -which are arranged in proper domino sequence, -and everyone of the eight letters carries exactly -forty-two pips.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_LXXXII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI169">[I-169]</span></p> - -<h4 id="MagSqSolI_XCI">No. XCI—THE STOLEN PEARLS</h4> - -<p>The dishonest jeweller reset the pearls in a -cross so that its arms were a stage higher up. -It will be seen that by this arrangement nine -pearls can still be counted in each direction.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo177.png" alt="Cross" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MagSqI_XCI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4>ENIGMAS</h4> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_1">1. Self-assassin, a neddy. Saw an ass in -an eddy!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_1">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_2">2. To get her: Together.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_2">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_3">3. A candle.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_3">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_4">4. Liquorice.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_4">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_5">5. A book.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_5">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_6">6. One solver proposes <i>raven</i>, croaking before -a storm; once an object of worship; seldom seen; -forbidden in Leviticus as food; alone with Noah -when its mate was sent forth; weighing about -3 lbs; the name of a small South Carolina island, -having as its first and last letters R and N; the -Royal Navy.</p> - -<p>Another finds in <i>K</i> the key, as that letter with -<i>no ar</i> is alone in <i>ark</i>. With much ingenuity he -shows that the last line calls for a second letter,<span class="pagenum" id="PageI170">[I-170]</span> -and that the letters <i>K</i> and <i>G</i> can be traced -throughout almost all Hallam’s “lights;” <i>Kilogram</i> -being nearly 3 lbs., and <i>Knot</i> a mile; while -either <i>K.G.</i> (Knight of the Garter) or <i>King</i> would -fit the final line.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_6">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_7">7. The lines become “rank treason” if the -corresponding lines of the two stanzas are read -together, <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The pomps of Courts and pride of Kings<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I fain would banish far from hence,<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">and so on throughout.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_7">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_8">8. A pair of skates.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_8">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_9">9. A shadow.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_9">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_10">10. A chair.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_10">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_11">11. The changes that are rung are one, eno, -Noe, neo, eon, on, none.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_11">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_12">12. Cares, caress.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_12">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_13">13. Echo.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_13">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_14">14. Strike.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_14">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_15">15. A pair of spurs.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_15">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_16">16. A.D.A.M.; Adam; -a dam; Adam; a damson; a dam.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_16">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_17">17. The CID, the Castilian hero whose fame -was at its height in the middle of the eleventh -century.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_17">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_18">18. A sigh.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_18">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_19">19. Coxcomb.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_19">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_20">20. Jack and Jill.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_20">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_21">21. A man’s felt hat.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_21">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_22">22. Measurable.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_22">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_23">23. Chair, char, arch.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_23">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_24">24. Sala (G.A.S.), which reversed is <i>alas</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_24">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_25">25. Page, (p)age.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_25">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_26">26. C (sea), A (hay), T (tea).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_26">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p class="center" id="EnigmaSolI_27">27. A BROKEN TALE</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The deil jumped over the clouds so high<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That he bounded almost right over the sky.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Over gates and fields, and under the trees<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He dodged, with his tail dragging over all these,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">But, alas! made a terrible blunder,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For a twist in his tail hooked under a rail,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">And broke that appendage asunder.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_27">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_28">28. Yesterday. <i>Most</i> excludes Adam, and -<i>ter</i> is half of <i>terror</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_28">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI171">[I-171]</span></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_29">29. Donkey.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_29">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_30">30. Mental, lament, mantle.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_30">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_31">31. His heels.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_31">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_32">32. Tares, tears, a rest.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_32">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_33">33. Connecticut.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_33">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_34">34. Grate, rate, rat, ate.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_34">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_35">35. Mary, in fanciful mood, on her thirty-sixth -birthday, decorated her pincushion thus—XXXVI.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_35">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_36">36. Opinionist.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_36">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_37">37. Violin (LVII + on).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_37">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_38">38. Trout (tr—out).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_38">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_39">39. Post—stop.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_39">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_40">40. A pair of scissors in a case.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_40">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_41">41. Dog.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_41">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_42">42. Mainland.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_42">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_43">43. Changed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_43">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_44">44. The name of the Russian nobleman’s third -son, the boy who went to sea, was Yvan. As -the name of the eldest, Rab, who became a lawyer, -was Bar reversed, and that of the soldier son Mary -was Army as an anagram, so Yvan’s name resolves -itself into Navy, his profession.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_44">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_45">45. VIVID.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_45">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_46">46. Nothing.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_46">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_47">47. London.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_47">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_48">48. Rock, cork.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_48">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_49">49. Place, lace, ace, lac.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_49">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_50">50. a, e, i, o, u, y.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_50">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_51">51. The solution of the enigma which <span class="nowrap">begins:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Twice six is six, and so<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Six is but three;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Three is just five you know,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What can we be?”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - - -<p class="noindent">is the number of letters of the alphabet used in -spelling a number. Thus twice six, or <i>twelve</i>, -is composed of six letters, and so on.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_51">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_52">52. A button.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_52">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_53">53. LEVEL—MADAM.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_53">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_54">54. An egg.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_54">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_55">55. Vague.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_55">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_56">56.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A headless man had a letter to write,<br /></span> -<span class="i6">(The letter O, i.e. <i>nothing</i>.)<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He who read it had lost his sight,<br /></span> -<span class="i10">(He read <i>nothing</i>.)<br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageI172">[I-172]</span> -<span class="i0">The dumb repeated it word for word,<br /></span> -<span class="i10">(He said <i>nothing</i>.)<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And deaf was he who listened and heard.<br /></span> -<span class="i10">(He heard <i>nothing</i>.)<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_56">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_57">57. Highway.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_57">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_58">58. A set of false teeth.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_58">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_59">59. The “fearful fate” enigma is slaughter; -cut off its head and we have laughter; lop off -its shoulders and we find aught.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_59">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_60">60. Speculation—peculations.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_60">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_61">61. The word “united” is “of fellowship the -token,” and the requirement “reverse it, and -the bond is broken” refers only to the two central -letters. When this is reversed the word “untied” -is formed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_61">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_62">62. Average.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_62">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_63">63. German—manger.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_63">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_64">64. Corkscrew.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_64">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_65">65. <i>Tar</i> is transformed by <i>Art</i>, and as a sailor -is fond of port, and blisters in the sun. When it -turns to run it becomes <i>Rat</i>, and when it doubles -it is <i>Tartar</i>, and is caught.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_65">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_66">66.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A man with one eye two plums must have seen,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One perfectly ripe, the other quite green.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The former he took, and ate it with pleasure,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The other he left to ripen at leisure.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_66">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_67">67. A widower who has lost two wives.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_67">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_68">68. The grape-vine on the Marquis of Breadalbane’s -estate, Killin, N.B., which bears more than -5000 bunches of grapes, of which only 500, properly -thinned out, are allowed to mature, so that -the fewer and smaller bunches bear finer fruit.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_68">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_69">69. Poe, poet, poetry.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_69">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_70">70. Theatres. The articles <i>the</i> and <i>a</i> lead on -to the other four letters <i>tres</i>, and these form the -word <i>rest</i>, if the <i>t</i> is transferred to the end.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_70">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_71">71. Scold, cold, old.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_71">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_72">72. Justice, (<i>just</i>—<i>ice</i>).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_72">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_73">73. A shadow.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_73">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_74">74. VI., IV., I.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_74">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI173">[I-173]</span></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_75">75. The letter I.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_75">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_76">76. The letter V.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_76">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_77">77. An army.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_77">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_78">78. <i>A rich table</i>; <i>chair</i>, <i>table</i>; <i>charitable</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_78">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_79">79. High-low.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_79">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_80">80. Orange, pear, date, banana, peach, plum, -lime, lemon, mango, apple.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_80">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_81">81. Innuendo.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_81">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_82">82. Snipe, of which <i>pines</i> is an exact anagram.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_82">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<p id="EnigmaSolI_83">83.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">None can locate the subject of my riddle,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For all the world would seek its place in vain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cut it asunder almost in the middle,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And in our very midst its place is plain<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>nowhere</i>, <i>now here</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#EnigmaI_83">Back to Enigma</a></p> - -<h4>CHARADES</h4> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_1">1. Good-night (knight).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_1">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_2">2. Grandson.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_2">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_3">3. Oyster.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_3">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_4">4. Stay-lace.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_4">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_5">5. Ann—ounce.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_5">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_6">6. VOID, OVID.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_6">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_7">7. Disconsolate (disc—on—so—late).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_7">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_8">8. Ginger—Nigger. (G.E.R. Great Eastern -Railway).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_8">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_9">9. Honesty (hone, below the razor).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_9">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_10">10. Nutmeg.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_10">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_11">11. Waterloo.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_11">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_12">12. Whether (whet—her).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_12">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_13">13. Mendicant (mend I can’t).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_13">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_14">14. Campbell.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_14">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_15">15. Foxglove.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_15">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_16">16. Anglesea.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_16">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_17">17. Shewed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_17">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_18">18. Sparrow, often a gutter percher!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_18">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_19">19. Dishonest (dish—one—st).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_19">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_20">20. Dogmatism.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_20">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_21">21. Anthem.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_21">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_22">22. Gigantic (gig—antic).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_22">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_23">23. Toad (<i>ad</i> is Latin for <i>to</i>).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_23">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_24">24. Cineraria (sinner—area).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_24">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_25">25. Ignis—fatuus, or Will-o’-the-wisp (ignis, -fire—fatuus, a fool).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_25">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI174">[I-174]</span></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_26">26. Isis (sis in Latin, <i>thou mayest be</i>).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_26">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_27">27. Capacity.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_27">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_28">28. Scarcity.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_28">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_29">29. Pardon.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_29">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_30">30. Humbug.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_30">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_31">31. Ramrod.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_31">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_32">32. Dumpling.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_32">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_33">33. Into.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_33">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_34">34. Herring.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_34">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_35">35. Dublin (bud—nil).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_35">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_36">36. Peerless.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_36">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_37">37. Beatrice.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_37">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_38">38. Beam—<i>be</i> is half of the word <i>verb</i>, <i>am</i> is -half of <i>same</i>, and <i>be</i> and <i>am</i> are similar in sense.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_38">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_39">39. Pulpit.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_39">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_40">40. Spare—rib.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_40">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_41">41. Usher.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_41">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_42">42. The ship <i>Carmania</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_42">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_43">43. Candid.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_43">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_44">44. Husbandman.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_44">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_45">45. Hamlet.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_45">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_46">46. Handcuff.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_46">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_47">47. Sinecure.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_47">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_48">48. Infancy.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_48">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_49">49. Teachest.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_49">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_50">50. Hippodrome.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_50">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_51">51. Invalid.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_51">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_52">52. Woman.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_52">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_53">53. Kensington.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_53">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_54">54. Benjamin.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_54">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_55">55. Stipendiary.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_55">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_56">56. Wonder.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_56">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_57">57. Cabin.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_57">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_58">58. Falstaff.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_58">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_59">59. Periwinkle.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_59">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_60">60. Nameless.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_60">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_61">61. Fourscore.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_61">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_62">62. Hatred.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_62">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_63">63. Catsup.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_63">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_64">64. Molestation.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_64">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_65">65. Omen.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_65">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_66">66. Isinglass.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_66">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_67">67. Muffin.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_67">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_68">68. Footman.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_68">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_69">69. Sparrow-grass.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_69">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_70">70. Matchless.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_70">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_71">71. Planted.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_71">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_72">72. Toast-rack.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_72">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<p id="CharadeSolI_73">73. Half-and-half, if properly punctuated.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CharadeI_73">Back to Charade</a></p> - -<h4>RIDDLES AND CONUNDRUMS</h4> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_1">1. Washerwoman.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_1">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_2">2.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“Call me an uncle, then you speak me fair,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Call me an <i>uncle</i>-<i>an</i> uncle if you dare!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_2">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_3">3. Pluck the goose.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_3">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_4">4. Also.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI175">[I-175]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_4">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_5">5. A lawsuit.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_5">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_6">6. Because they are bargains.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_6">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_7">7. A pair of shoes.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_7">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_8">8. Because whenever he goes out he can put -his portmanteaux (Portman toes) into his boots.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_8">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_9">9. FIVE.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_9">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_10">10. Rail—liar.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_10">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_11">11. Because it slopes with a flap!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_11">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_12">12. In California they eat all the peaches they -can, and can all they can’t!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_12">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_13">13. The utmost effort ever made by a piebald -(or by any) horse at a high jump is <i>four feet from -the ground</i>!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_13">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_14">14. Insatiate (in—sat—I—ate).</p> - -<p>The clever <span class="nowrap">couplet—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Under my first my second stood.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That’s your riddle: mine’s as good!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">was intended to point out that the enigma</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In my first my second sat,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then my third and fourth I ate<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">was <i>understood</i>, and to frame at the same time -a fresh one of similar sort.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_14">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_15">15. A gardener minds his peas, a billiard-marker -his cues, a precise man his p’s and q’s, -and a verger his keys and pews.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_15">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_16">16. A man with one eye can see more than a -man with two, for in addition to all else he can -see the other man’s two eyes, which can only see -his one.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_16">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_17">17. When you ask a policeman what o’clock -it is, you are like the Viceroy of India, because -you are <i>as king for the time</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_17">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_18">18. “What does Y E S spell?” is the question -to which “yes” is the only possible reply.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_18">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_19">19. An umbrella.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_19">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_20">20. London for many years was a wonderful -place for sound, for you could laugh at 5 p.m. at -Waterloo Junction, and by walking briskly across<span class="pagenum" id="PageI176">[I-176]</span> -the river be in time for the late Echo at Charing -Cross.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_20">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_21">21. Because it may be smelt!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_21">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_22">22. The full reading of “1s. 6d. me a bloater” -is “Bob Tanner sent me a bloater.”</p> - -<p><i>Note.</i>—If any solver should ask, “But where -is the ‘sent’?” we reply, “The scent was in -the bloater!”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_22">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_23">23. The solution of the prime conundrum -“Why is a moth flying round a candle like a -garden gate?” is—Because if it keeps on it -singes its wings (its hinges it swings).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_23">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_24">24. (Twe)lve—twe(nty) = twenty.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_24">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_25">25. Because it would be my newt (minute).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_25">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_26">26. The steps by which, in paying my debt -to a lawyer, a threepenny piece swells to the -needed six and eightpence are <span class="nowrap">these:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Three pence is one and two pence;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One and two pence is fourteen pence;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fourteen pence is six and eight pence!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_26">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_27">27. When the Vickers Maxim (vicar smacks -him).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_27">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_28">28. Children should go to bed soon after tea -because when “t” is taken away <i>night</i> is <i>nigh</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_28">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_29">29. Scottish may be lighter than Irish men, -for while Irishmen may be men of Cork, Scotsmen -may be men of Ayr.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_29">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_30">30. Because barbers do not cut hair any -longer!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_30">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_31">31. Colenso.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_31">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_32">32. This is Archbishop Whately’s riddle, and -a solution, suggested long after his offer of £50 -had <span class="nowrap">expired:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When from the Ark’s capacious round<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Mankind came forth in pairs,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who was it that first heard the sound<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of boots upon the stairs?<br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageI177">[I-177]</span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To him who cons the matter o’er,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A little thought reveals,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He heard it first who went before<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Two pairs of soles and eels!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_32">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_33">33. If Moses was the son of Pharaoh’s daughter, -<i>he</i> was the daughter of Pharaoh’s son.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_33">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_34">34. The word of three syllables which represents -woman or man alternately by three contractions -is heroine—hero—her—he.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_34">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_35">35. Solution to-morrow!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_35">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_36">36. Wholesome.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_36">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_37">37. They were jolly well tired!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_37">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_38">38. The stocks.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_38">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_39">39. Because it makes a far—thing present.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_39">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_40">40. If I were in the sun, and you were out of -it, it would be a <i>sin</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_40">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_41">41. COLD.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_41">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_42">42. Take <i>off</i>—<i>ice</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_42">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_43">43. Enduring.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_43">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_44">44. Uncross the “t” of “a foot,” and it becomes -“a fool.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_44">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_45">45. A rabbit can run into a square wood with -sides that each measures a mile, keeping always -in a straight line, <i>until it reaches the middle of -the wood</i>, when it must begin to run out of it!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_45">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_46">46. To-morrow.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_46">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_47">47. Scar—bo—rough.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_47">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_48">48.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though I in time for lunch may be,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">U cannot come till after T.<br /></span> -</div> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_48">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_49">49. A wig.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_49">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_50">50. Because <i>we</i> cannot be <i>wed</i> without it.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_50">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_51">51. A spit.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_51">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_52">52. Wit (double you—I—tea).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_52">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_53">53. Holding up your hand you will see what -you never have seen, never can see, and never -will see—namely, the little finger as long as the -finger next to it!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_53">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_54">54. The Emperor of Russia issues manifestoes.<span class="pagenum" id="PageI178">[I-178]</span> -An ill-shod beggar manifests toes without his -shoes!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_54">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_55">55. To show Walsham How a good bishop is -made.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_55">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_56">56. There was certainly a tribe of Man—asses.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_56">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_57">57. L. s. d.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_57">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_58">58. A pillow.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_58">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_59">59. Abused (a—b—used).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_59">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_60">60. A settler.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_60">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_61">61. Because John Burns.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_61">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_62">62. It looks round!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_62">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_63">63. A minute.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_63">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_64">64. A deaf and dumb man cannot tickle nine -persons, because he can only gesticulate (just -tickle eight!).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_64">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_65">65. London always began with an <i>l</i>, and end -always began with an <i>e</i>!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_65">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_66">66. Season.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_66">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_67">67. The new moon, for the full moon is much -lighter.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_67">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_68">68. Island (<i>la</i> is the middle, <i>is</i> is the beginning, -<i>and</i> is the end!).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_68">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_69">69. Because! (<i>bee caws</i>).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_69">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_70">70. The reading of the Dark Rebus</p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75 fsize110">O<br /> -B <b>e</b> D</p> - -<p class="noindent">is—a little blackie in bed with nothing over him.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_70">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_71">71. If a monkey is placed before a cross it at -once gets to the top, for APE is then APEX.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_71">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_72">72. The answer to this riddle, defined as “two -heads and an application,” is <i>a kiss</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_72">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_73">73. The Latin expression of encouragement -“macte” may be applied in its English equivalent -<i>in-crease</i> to a batsman when an umpire says -of him “not out” after a risky run.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_73">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_74">74. The place which answers to the description -“Half an inch (ch) before the trees (elms), half<span class="pagenum" id="PageI179">[I-179]</span> -a foot (fo), and half a yard (rd) after them leads -us to an English town,” is <i>Chelmsford</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_74">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_75">75. The subject of the riddle, which none can -locate, is <i>nowhere</i>. Cut asunder almost in the -middle, it breaks into the opposite extreme, -and becomes <i>now here</i>!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_75">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_76">76. The two letters which in nine letters describe -the position of one who has been left alone -in his extremity are a <i>b</i> and one <i>d</i>. <i>Abandoned.</i></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_76">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_77">77. Usher (us—her).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_77">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_78">78. You can make a Maltese cross with less -than twelve unbent and unbroken matches, -by striking only one match and dropping it down -his back. If the first fails, try another!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_78">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_79">79. We may suppose that there were less -vowels than we have now in the early days of -<i>Noe</i>, when <i>u</i> and <i>i</i> were not there.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_79">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_80">80. An orange (or—ange).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_80">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_81">81. The moral taught to us by the old emblem -of a weathercock in the shape of a fish on a church -near Lewes is, “It is vain to aspire!”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_81">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_82">82. FIDDLE.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_82">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_83">83. The words “for the want of water we drank -water, and if we had had water we should have -drank wine,” were spoken by the crew of a vessel -that could not cross the harbour bar for want -of water, and who had no wine on board.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_83">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_84">84.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The poor have two, the rich have none,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Millions have many, you have one,<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by O.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_84">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_85">85. Money.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_85">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_86">86. Had <i>I</i> been in Stanley’s place when Marmion -cried “On, Stanley, on!” the resulting -word <i>on</i>-<i>i</i>-<i>on</i> would have made the Scottish fray -seem more like Irish stew.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_86">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_87">87. The figure O.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI180">[I-180]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_87">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_88">88.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Let her be, or beat her,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Give her little ease;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then in safety seat her<br /></span> -<span class="i2">All among the bees,<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>A Queen Bee</i>. The <i>Bee</i> is made up of -the letter <i>b</i>, in Greek called <i>beta</i>, and two little <i>e</i>s.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_88">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_89">89. Its.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_89">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<p id="RiddleSolI_90">90. Inch—chin.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#RiddleI_90">Back to Riddle</a></p> - -<h4>NUTS TO CRACK</h4> - -<p class="fauxh4 smcapall" id="NutsSolI_1">1. CRAZY LOGIC</p> - -<p>Can you prove that madman = madam is solved -<span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p>A madman is a man beside himself. Therefore -a madman = two men.</p> - -<p>Madam is a woman. Woman is double you O -man (w-o-man). Therefore madam = two men.</p> - -<p>And as things which are equal to the same -are equal to one another, therefore madman = -madam.</p> - -<div class="rightdiv"> - -<p class="center">Q. E. D.<br /> -(<i>Quite easily Done.</i>)</p> - -</div><!--rightdiv--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_1">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p class="fauxh4 smcapall" id="NutsSolI_2">2. A BIT OF BOTANY</p> - -<p>The water-plant is the <i>Frogbit</i>, which floats -and spreads on the surface of ponds and pools.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_2">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_3">3. The six islands buried in the <span class="nowrap">lines—</span></p> - -<p class="hind02 blankbefore75">He set down the answer to that sum at random.</p> - -<p class="hind02">By bold policy Prussia became a leading power.</p> - -<p class="hind02">A great taste for mosaic has arisen lately.</p> - -<p class="hind02">The glad news was swiftly borne over England.</p> - -<p class="hind02">At dusk, year after year, the old man rambled home.</p> - -<p class="hind02">The children cried, hearing such dismal tales.</p> - -<p class="noindent blankbefore75">are Sumatra, Cyprus, Formosa, Borneo, Skye, -Malta.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_3">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_4">4. The seven geographical names “buried” -in the sentence, “We could hide a light royal<span class="pagenum" id="PageI181">[I-181]</span> -boat with a man or two; the skipper, though, -came to a bad end,” are Deal, Troy, Witham, -Esk, Perth, Baden, Aden.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_4">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_5">5. The jumbled letter lines read <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Let those who deal in mystic rhymes<br /></span> -<span class="i2">This transposition trace;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And to <i>The Standard</i> send betimes<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Each letter in its place.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_5">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_6">6.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Three little articles all in a line<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Lead to a thousand, expressing,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If with another all these you combine,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What can be never a blessing—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by ANATHEMA (an-a-the-M-a).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_6">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_7">7.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Ask a policeman, possibly he knows<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In uniformed array<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If not, an added letter plainly shows<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How little he can say—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by adding n <i>to uniformed</i>—<i>uninformed</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_7">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_8">8. The Ruling letters <span class="nowrap">in:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We rule the world, we letters five,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">We rule the world, we do!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And of our number three contrive<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To rule the other two—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">are B. U. T. (beauty), and Y. Z. (wise head).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_8">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_9">9. Many might punctuate the sentence, -“Maud like the pretty girl that she was went -for a walk in the meadows” by merely putting a -full stop at the end of it. But why not make a -<i>dash after Maud</i>?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_9">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_10">10. The answer by Echo to</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What were they who paid three guineas<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To hear a tune of Paganini’s<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is <i>Pack o’ ninnies</i>!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_10">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_11">11. The verse in which only five different -letters are used <span class="nowrap">is—</span></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI182">[I-182]</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">It is nineteen tennis nets,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Nine in tents in tints intense.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ten sent in inset in sets,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">See it, test it, it is sense!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_11">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_12">12. The catch sentence: “If is is not is and -is not is is what is it is not is and what is it is is not -if is not is is?” becomes intelligible if it is punctuated -thus: If “is” is not “is,” and “is not” is -“is,” what is it “is not” is, and what is it “is” -is not, if “is not” is “is?”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_12">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_13">13. The words on the placard were PALE ALE, -and these through the steps described become -PA-LE AP-LE, APPLE.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_13">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_14">14. The reading of “Time flies you cannot they -pass at such irregular intervals,” is as though it -ran “You cannot time flies, they pass at such -irregular intervals.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_14">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p class="fauxh4 smcapall">ROYAL MEMORIES</p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_15">15. I was reminded of Queen Victoria as I -entered the South Kensington Museum at <i>five -minutes to one</i>, because I noticed that the hands -of my watch were so placed as to represent a -very perfect V.</p> - -<p>When I left the building it was <i>twenty-five -minutes and forty-five seconds to six</i>, and then the -hands, with the help of the seconds hand which -crossed it, formed a very perfect A, and so reminded -me of Prince Albert.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_15">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_16">16. The solution of</p> - -<p class="center highline2"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top">CCC</span> -<span class="bot">SAW</span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">is “the season was backward.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_16">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI183">[I-183]</span></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_17">17. THE OLD LATIN LEGEND</p> - -<div class="nuts17box"> - -<p class="center">AMANS TAM ERAT<br /> -HI DESINT HERO<br /> -AD DIGITO UT MANDO</p> - -</div><!--box--> - -<p class="noindent">reads off into excellent English <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p>“A man’s tame rat hides in the road; dig it -out man, do!”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_17">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_18">18. The statement “I know that roseate hues -preserve” does not imply that there is any curative -virtue in rose-coloured rays, but asserts “I -know that Rose ate Hugh’s preserve!”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_18">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_19">19. The following exception was taken to -Dr Fell’s diet for the sick of all <span class="nowrap">sops:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“Sure the doctor’s wits are failing,”<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Cried a saucy wag.<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“Allsopp’s ale the sick and ailing<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To their bier will drag.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_19">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_20">20. The English dislocated sentence formed -by these thirty-six <span class="nowrap">letters:—</span></p> - -<p class="center wordspace15">SAR BAB SAR BAB SAR BAB<br /> -SAR BAB SAR BAB SAR ARA</p> - -<p class="noindent">is, “A bar as a barb bars Barbara’s Barabbas.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_20">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_21">21. The Wiltshire farmer’s <span class="nowrap">sentence—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“Igineyvartydreevriswutts”</p> - -<p class="noindent">when interpreted runs, “I gave him forty-three -for his oats.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_21">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_22">22. Here is a tolerable rhyme to <span class="nowrap">Chrysanthemum:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Through gardens where appear<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Beds of chrysanthemum,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We pass at eve to hear<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Our choir their anthem hum.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_22">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_23">23. This was, in brief, the pathetic tale of the -three eggs—“<i>Two bad!</i>”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_23">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI184">[I-184]</span></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_24">24. THE ANCIENT LEGEND</p> - -<div class="nuts24box"> - -<p class="center">Doun tooth ers<br /> -A sy<br /> -Ouw ould bed<br /> -One by.</p> - -</div><!--box--> - -<p class="noindent">reads thus:—“Do unto others as you would be -done by.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_24">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_25">25. There were but six persons in the vault -which contained two grandmothers and their -two grand-daughters; two husbands and their -two wives; two fathers and their two daughters; -two mothers and their two sons; two maidens -and their two mothers; two sisters and their two -brothers. Two widows had each one son, and -each married the son of the other, and had a -daughter by the marriage.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_25">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_26">26. The supposed <span class="nowrap">charm—</span></p> - -<p class="center">ground<br /> -turn evil star</p> - -<p class="noindent">given by the wise woman to a nervous couple, -to counteract their evil star, and account for -mysterious noises, is merely “Rats live underground,” -<i>turn</i> being a direction to the solver.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_26">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_27">27. The word composed of five varied vowels -of foreign sound, with but one consonant between -them, is oiseau, the French for bird. The three -letters which flow in four are eau, water, which -flows in the River Oise, and the other trio spell -oie, a goose, which is found therein.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_27">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_28">28. The <span class="nowrap">Paradox—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What in his mind no man can find<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Four symbols will display;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But only one remains behind<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If one we take away—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>Bone</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_28">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI185">[I-185]</span></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_29">29. The barber who had placed in his window -the <span class="nowrap">notice—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i14">“What do you think<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I will shave you for nothing and give you a drink”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">explained, to the man who expected a free shave -and a cool drink, that the interpretation was -really this:—“What? Do you think I will -shave you for nothing, and give you a drink?”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_29">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_30">30. The curious Latin <span class="nowrap">label—</span></p> - -<div class="nuts30box"> - -<p class="center gesp2 wordspace15">GENUI NE JAM<br /> -A<br /> -ICARUM.</p> - -</div><!--box--> - -<p class="noindent">has no reference to Icarus, or to flying machines. -Its proper place was on a cask of “Genuine -Jamaica Rum.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_30">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_31">31. The puzzle word is ipecacuanha.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_31">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_32">32.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Johnson’s cat went up a tree,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which was sixty feet and three;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Every day she climbed eleven,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Every night she came down seven.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tell me, if she did not drop,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When her paws would touch the top—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved thus:—As each day and night the cat -climbed up eleven feet, and came down seven, -the daily upward gain was four feet, and thirteen -days would bring her fifty-two feet up the tree. -Then on the fourteenth day she mounted the -remaining eleven feet, and was at the top, so -that no coming down seven feet is to be taken -into account, and she attains her place <i>in fourteen -days</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_32">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_33">33.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A third of six behind them fix,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A third of six before;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thus makes two nines, when all combines,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Exactly fifty-four—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI186">[I-186]</span></p> - -<p>is <span class="nowrap">solved:—</span></p> - -<div class="nuts33"> - -<div class="rightdiv"> - -<p class="noindent">IX NINE <span class="padl2">(the two nines.)</span></p> - -<p class="noindent">IX NINES = 54.</p> - -</div><!--rightdiv--> - -<div class="leftdiv"> - -<p class="right up">(S is a third of six) S</p> - -</div><!--leftdiv--> - -</div><!--nuts33--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_33">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_34">34. To bridge the moat, or space between the -two squares which one match cannot span, place -one match across one of the corners of the outer -square, and the other from this to the inner -square.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_34">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_35">35.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We start when the ninth hour is past,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Then there’s an end of you.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A vengeful goddess shows at last<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What Antifat will do—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>attenuate</i> (at ten-u-Ate, goddess of -vengeance).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_35">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_36">36. Mrs P.W. had only one guest to provide -for. Her husband had invited his father’s -brother-in-law, Jones, who was his brother’s -father-in-law, because Mr P.W.’s brother had -married Jones’ daughter, and his father-in-law’s -brother, because he had himself married Jones’ -niece, and also his brother-in-law’s father, as -Mr P.W.’s sister married Jones’ son.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_36">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_37">37. This sharp customer started with <i>fivepence -farthing</i>, and gradually extracted from the landlord’s -pocket a shilling and three farthings towards -the eighteenpence which he spent in refreshments.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_37">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_38">38. To form four triangles of equal size with -six similar matches, place three of them in a -triangle on the table, and hold or balance the other -three above these, so as to form the skeleton of a -pyramid.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_38">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_39">39. The following couplet solves this <span class="nowrap">question:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Forty-five-years I had seen<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When my bride was but fifteen<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_39">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageI187">[I-187]</span></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_40">40. The lad gave tenpence each to a grandfather, -his son, and his grandson.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_40">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_41">41. Nell’s reply to Tom, when he said, with -a yawn, “I wish we could play lawn-tennis!” -“Odioso ni mus rem. Moto ima os illud nam,” -was not Latin, but good sound English. Read -each word in its order <i>backwards</i>, and you have-- -“Oh! so do I in summer. Oh, Tom! am I so -dull, I man?”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_41">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_42">42. The policeman who was looking up the -road for motor-car scorchers was able to see that -his mate, who was looking down the road, was -smiling, because they stood face to face.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_42">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_43">43.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Twenty-seven with three nines<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You and I can score;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Anyone on other lines<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Can extend them more.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who can write them to be seen<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Equal only to sixteen?—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved thus:—Two of the three nines are reversed, -and then</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top">96</span><span class="bot">6</span></span> = 16.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_43">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_44">44. The trying sentence, “that that is is that -that is not is not is not that it it is,” is cleared -thus by proper punctuation:—That that is, is; -that that is not, is not. Is not that it? It is.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_44">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_45">45. A L L O is “Nothing after all.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_45">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_46">46. The proverb with missing consonants is—Give -a dog a bad name and hang him.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_46">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_47">47. If to the thirteen upright <span class="nowrap">strokes—</span></p> - -<p class="center gesp2">| | | | | | | | | | | | |</p> - -<p class="noindent">thirteen more are added, the word HOTTENTOT -may be formed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_47">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p id="NutsSolI_48">48. A coroner could, after signing his name, -write down his official position with <i>c or one r</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#NutsI_48">Back to Description</a></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2 id="PartII"><b>PART II.</b></h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h3 class="toc">CONTENTS</h3> - -<table class="toc" summary="toc"> - -<tr> -<th> </th> -<th class="right padl2 fsize60">PAGE</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Optical Illusions</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageII1">II-1</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Freaks of Figures</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageII20">II-20</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Chess Cameos</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageII26">II-26</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Science at Play</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageII58">II-58</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Curious Calculations</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageII114">II-114</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Word and Letter Puzzles</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageII147">II-147</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Solutions</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageII167">II-167</a></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII1">[II-1]</span></p> - -<h3>OPTICAL ILLUSIONS</h3> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_I">No. I.—SWALLOWED!</h4> - -<p>Take a small card and place it on its longer -edge upon the dotted line. Now set the picture -in a good light on the table, and let your head -drop gradually towards the card until you almost -touch it with your nose. You will see the bird -fly into the jaws of the snake!</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo199a.png" alt="Bird and snake" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h3>AMUSING PROBLEMS</h3> - -<h3 id="AmusingII_1">THE CARPENTER’S PUZZLE</h3> - -<p>1. A carpenter was called in to mend a hole -in a wooden floor. The gap was two feet wide, -and twelve feet long, while the only board at -hand was three feet wide, and eight feet long.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo199b.png" alt="Rectangles" /> -</div> - -<p>This had been put aside as useless, but, on -catching sight of it, the carpenter ran his rule -over it and said that he could make a perfect -fit, and cover all the hole by cutting the board -into two pieces. How did he do this?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_1">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII2">[II-2]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_II">No. II.—AN ILLUSION OF ROTATION</h4> - -<p>This most interesting optical illusion was devised -by Professor Thompson some years <span class="nowrap">ago:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo200.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>If the illustration is moved by hand in a small -circle on the level, with such motion as is given -in rinsing out a bowl, the circles of the larger -diagram will seem to revolve in the direction -in which the paper is moved, while the cogs of -the smaller diagram will apparently turn slowly -in the opposite direction.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII3">[II-3]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_III">No. III.—WHIRLING WHEELS</h4> - -<p>Here is another combination of the clever -illusion of the whirling wheels.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo201.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>If a rapid rotating motion is given to the -diagram, each circle will seem to revolve, and -the cog wheel in the centre will appear to move -slowly round in the opposite direction.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_2">GOLDEN PIPPINS</h4> - -<p>2. A man leaves an orchard of forty choice -apple trees to his ten sons. On the first tree is -one apple, on the second there are two, on the -third three, and so on to the fortieth, on which -there are forty.</p> - -<p>Each son is to have four of the trees, and on -them an equal number of the apples. How can -they thus apportion the trees, and how many -apples will each son have? Here is one <span class="nowrap">way:—</span></p> - -<table class="pippins" summary="Orchard"> - -<tr> -<td>1</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>3</td> -<td>4</td> -<td>5</td> -<td>6</td> -<td>7</td> -<td>8</td> -<td>9</td> -<td>10</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>20</td> -<td>19</td> -<td>18</td> -<td>17</td> -<td>16</td> -<td>15</td> -<td>14</td> -<td>13</td> -<td>12</td> -<td>11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>21</td> -<td>22</td> -<td>23</td> -<td>24</td> -<td>25</td> -<td>26</td> -<td>27</td> -<td>28</td> -<td>29</td> -<td>30</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td>40</td> -<td>39</td> -<td>38</td> -<td>37</td> -<td>36</td> -<td>35</td> -<td>34</td> -<td>33</td> -<td>32</td> -<td>31</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -<td>82</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Can you find another perfect solution?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_2">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII4">[II-4]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_IV">No. IV.—AN ILLUSION OF MOTION</h4> - -<p>We call very particular attention to this fascinating -illustration of the fact that the mind -and eye may receive and register false impressions -under quite simple <span class="nowrap">conditions:—</span></p> - -<div class="container10m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo202.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Hold this at rather more than reading distance, -upright, and move it steadily up and down. The -dark line will soon seem to slide up and down upon -the perpendicular line. It will be better seen if -drawn to pattern on a card.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII5">[II-5]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_V">No. V.—ARE THEY PARALLEL?</h4> - -<p>As the eye falls upon the principal lines of this -interesting diagram, an immediate impression is -formed that they are not parallel.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo203.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This, however, is a most curious illusion, created -in the mind entirely by the short sloping lines, -as is found at once by the simple test of measurement.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_3">AN AWKWARD FIX</h4> - -<p>3. With no knowledge of the surrounding district, -I was making my way to a distant town -through country roads, guided by the successive -sign-posts that were provided.</p> - -<p>Coming presently to four cross-roads I found -to my dismay that some one had in mischief -uprooted the sign-post and thrown it into the -ditch. In this perplexing fix how could I find -my way? A bright thought struck me. What -was it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_3">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_4">LINKED SWEETNESS LONG DRAWN OUT</h4> - -<p>4. As I stood on the platform at a quiet country -station, an engine, coming along from my left -at thirty miles an hour, began to whistle when -still a mile away from me. The shrill sound -continued until the engine had passed a mile and -a half to my right. For how long was I hearing -its whistle?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_4">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII6">[II-6]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_VI">No. VI.—ILLUSION OF LENGTH</h4> - -<p>In this curious optical illusion the lines are -exactly equal in length.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo204.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The eye is misled by the effect which the lines -drawn outward and inward at their ends produce -upon the mind and sight.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_5">ELASTIC QUARTERS</h4> - -<p>5.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In room marked A two men were placed,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A third he lodged in B;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The fourth to C was next assigned,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The fifth was sent to D.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In E the sixth was tucked away,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">F held the seventh man;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For eighth and ninth were G and H,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Then back to A he ran.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thence taking one, the tenth and last,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He lodged him safe in I;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thus in nine rooms ten men found place,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Now can you tell me why?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_5">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_6">EXCLUDED DAYS</h4> - -<p>6. Are there any particular days of the week -with which no new century can begin?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_6">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII7">[II-7]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_VII">No. VII.—ILLUSION OF HEIGHT</h4> - -<p>These straight lines, at right angles to each -other, are, though they do not seem to be, exactly -equal in length.</p> - -<div class="container10m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo205.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This and similar illusions are probably due to -the variation of the vague mental standard which -we unconsciously employ, and to the fact that -the mind cannot form and adhere to a definite -scale of measurement.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_7">DRIVING POWER</h4> - -<p>7. Why has a spliced cricket bat such good -driving power? and why is the “follow through” -of the head of a golf club so telling in a driving -stroke?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_7">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_8">THE BUSY BOOKWORM</h4> - -<p>8. On my bookshelf in proper order stand two -volumes. Each is two inches thick over all, and -each cover is an eighth of an inch in thickness. -How far would a bookworm have to bore in -order to penetrate from the first page of Vol. I. -to the last page of Vol. II.?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_8">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII8">[II-8]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_VIII">No. VIII.—ILLUSION OF DIRECTION</h4> - -<p>Can you decide at a glance which of the two -lines below the thick band is a continuation of -the line above it?</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo206.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Make up your mind quickly, and then test your -decision with a straight edge.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_9">A TERRIBLE TUMBLE</h4> - -<p>9. From what height must a man fall out of -an airship—screaming as he goes overboard—so -as to reach the earth before the sound of his cry?</p> - -<p><i>N.B.</i>—Resistance of the air, and the acoustical -fact that sound will not travel from a rare -to a dense atmosphere, are to be disregarded.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_9">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_10">IN A PREDICAMENT</h4> - -<p>10. Imagine a man on a perfectly smooth table -surface of considerable size, in a vacuum, where -there is no outside force to move him, and there -is no friction. He may raise himself up and -down, slide his feet about, double himself up, -wave his arms, but his centre of gravity will be -always vertically above the same point of the -surface.</p> - -<p>How could he escape from this predicament, -if it was a possible one?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_10">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII9">[II-9]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_IX">No. IX.—THINGS ARE NOT WHAT -THEY SEEM</h4> - -<p>It is difficult, even after measurement, to believe -that these figures are of the same size.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo207.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>But they will stand the test of measurement.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_11">A CLIMBING MONKEY</h4> - -<p>11. A rope passes over a single fixed pulley. A -monkey clings to one end of the rope, and on -the other end hangs a weight exactly as heavy -as the monkey. The monkey presently starts -to climb up the rope. Will he succeed?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_11">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_12">GAINING GROUND</h4> - -<p>12. Seeing that the tension on a pair of traces -tends as much to pull the horse backward as it -does to pull the carriage forward, why do the -traces move on at all?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_12">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII10">[II-10]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_X">No. X.—THE SHIFTING BRICK</h4> - -<p>A very curious and interesting form of optical -illusion is well illustrated by what may be called -“the shifting brick.”</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo208.png" alt="Bricks" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The central brick, drawn to show all its edges, -as though it were made of glass, will assume the -form indicated by one or other of the smaller -bricks at its right and left, according to the way -in which the eyes accommodate themselves for -the moment to one pattern or to the other. If -you do not see this at first, look steadily for -awhile at the pattern you desire.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_13">ASK A CYCLIST</h4> - -<p>13. Why does a rubber tyre leave a double -rut in dust, and a single one in mud?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_13">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_14">TODHUNTER’S UNIQUE PUZZLE PROBLEM</h4> - -<p>14. If two cats, on opposite sides of a sharply -sloping roof, are on the point of slipping off, -which will hold on the longest?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_14">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII11">[II-11]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XI">No. XI.—AN ILLUSION WITH COINS</h4> - -<p>If you place four coins in the positions shown -at the top of this diagram, and attempt, or challenge -some one to attempt, without any measuring, -to move the single coin down in a straight -line until the spaces from C to D on either side -exactly equal the distance from A to <span class="nowrap">B—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo209.png" alt="Coins" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>It must drop as far as is shown here, which -seems to the unaided eye to be too far.</p> - -<p>This excellent illusion can be shown as an after-dinner -trick with four napkin-rings.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII12">[II-12]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XII">No. XII.—THE FICKLE BARREL</h4> - -<p>Here is another excellent optical illusion. -Look attentively at the diagram below, and notice -in which direction you apparently look into it, -as though it were an open cask.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo210.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Now shake the paper, or move it slightly, and -you will find, more often than not, that you seem -to see into it in quite the opposite direction.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_15">HEADS I WIN!</h4> - -<p>15. I hold a penny level between my finger -and thumb, and presently let it fall from the -thumb by withdrawing my finger. It makes -exactly a half-turn in falling through the first -foot. If it starts “heads,” how far must it fall -to bring it “heads” to the floor?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_15">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_16">HE DID IT!</h4> - -<p>16. “They call these safety matches,” said -Funnyboy at his club one day, “and say that -they strike only on the box. Don’t believe it! I -can strike them quite easily on my boot.”</p> - -<p>No sooner said than done. He took out a -match, struck it on his boot, and—phiz!—it was -instantly alight. The box was handed round, -and match after match was struck by the bystanders -on their boots, but not one of them -could succeed.</p> - -<p>“You don’t give the magic touch,” said Funnyboy, -as he gaily struck another. How did he -do it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_16">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII13">[II-13]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XIII">No. XIII.—A STRANGE OPTICAL -ILLUSION</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo211.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>How many cubes can you see as you look at -the large diagram? The two smaller ones should -be looked at first alternately, and they will assist -the eye to see at one time six, and at another time -seven, very distinct cubes.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII14">[II-14]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XIV">No. XIV.—A CIRCULAR ILLUSION</h4> - -<p>This curious optical illusion is not easily followed -by eye to the finish of the several lines.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo212.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Each short line is, in fact, part of the circumference -of a circle, and the circles when completed -will be found to be accurately concentric. It -would seem at first sight that the lines are taking -courses which would eventually meet at some -point common to them all.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_17">A CYCLE SURPRISE</h4> - -<p>17. We commend this curious point to the -special attention of <span class="nowrap">cyclists:—</span></p> - -<p>A bicycle is stationary, with one pedal at its -lowest point. If this bicycle is lightly supported, -and the bottom pedal is pulled backward, what -will happen?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_17">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII15">[II-15]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XV">No. XV.—THE GHOST OF A COIN</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo213.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>A most remarkable optical illusion is produced -by the blending of the dark and light converging -rays of this diagram. Stand with your back to -the light, hold the page, or better still, the diagram -copied on a card, by the lower right-hand -corner, give it a continuous revolving movement -in either direction, and the visible ghost -of a silver coin, sometimes as large as sixpence, -sometimes as large as a shilling, will appear! -Where can it come from?</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_18">ROUGH AND READY</h4> - -<p>18. A merchant has a large pair of scales, -but he has lost his weights, and cannot at the -moment replace them. A neighbour sends him -six rough stones, assuring him that with them -he can weigh any number of pounds, from 1 to -364. What did each stone weigh?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_18">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII16">[II-16]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XVI">No. XVI.—A TAME GOOSE</h4> - -<p>Here is a pretty form of our first <span class="nowrap">illusion:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo214.png" alt="Girl and goose" /> -</div> - -<p>Place the edge of a card on the dotted line, -look down upon it in a good light, and, as you -drop your face till it almost touches the card, you -will see the goose <i>move towards the sugar</i> in the -little maiden’s hand.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_19">REJECTED ADDRESSES</h4> - -<p>19. A wheel is running along a level road, -and a small clot of mud is thrown from the -hindermost part of the rim. What happens to -it? Does it ever renew its acquaintance with -the wheel that has thus rejected it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_19">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII17">[II-17]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XVII">No. XVII.—ILLUSION OF LENGTH</h4> - -<p>Here is another method by which an optical -illusion of length is very plainly <span class="nowrap">shown:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo215.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Judged by appearances, the line A B in the -larger figure is considerably longer than the line -A B below it, but tested by measurement they -are exactly equal.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_20">THE CARELESS CARPENTER</h4> - -<p>20. A village carpenter undertook to make -a cupboard door. When he began to put it in -its place it was too big, so he took it back to -his workshop to alter it. Unfortunately he now -cut it too little. What could he do? He determined -to cut it again, and it at once became a -good fit. How was this done?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_20">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII18">[II-18]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XVIII">No. XVIII.—PERPENDICULAR LINES</h4> - -<p>Here is another excellent illustration that -seeing is not always believing.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo216.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>No one could suppose at first sight that these -four lines are perfectly straight and parallel, -but they will stand the test of a straight edge. -The divergent rays distract the vision.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_21">BY THE COMPASS</h4> - -<p>21. If from the North Pole you start sailing -in a south-westerly direction, and keep a straight -course for twenty miles, to what point of the -compass must you steer to get back as quickly -as possible to the Pole?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_21">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII19">[II-19]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XIX">No. XIX.—ILLUSION OF PERSPECTIVE</h4> - -<p>The optical illusion in the picture which we -reproduce is due to the defective drawing of the -two men on the platform. In actual size upon -the paper the further man looks much taller than -the other.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo217.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -<p>Measurement, however, shows the figures to -be exactly of a height. This illusion is due to -the fact that the head of the further man is quite -out of perspective. If he is about as tall as the -other, and on level ground, both heads should -be about on the same line. As drawn, he is, in -fact, a monster more than eight feet high.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_22">DICK IN A SWING</h4> - -<p>22. If Dick, who is five feet in height, stands -bolt-upright in a swing, the ropes of which are -twenty feet long, how much further in round -numbers do his feet travel than his head in -describing a semi-circle?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_22">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII20">[II-20]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XX">No. XX.—OUR BLIND SPOT</h4> - -<p>Here is an excellent and very simple illustration -of a well-known optical <span class="nowrap">curiosity:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo218.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -<p>Hold this picture at arm’s length in the right -hand, hold the left hand over the left eye, and -draw the picture towards you gradually, looking -always at the black cross with the right eye. -The black disc will presently disappear, and then -come into sight again as you continue to advance -the paper.</p> - -<h4 id="AmusingII_23">A POSER</h4> - -<p>23. Can you name nine countries in Europe -of which the initial letters are the same as the -finals?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingSolII_23">Solution</a></p> - -<h3>FREAKS OF FIGURES</h3> - -<h4 id="FreakII_1">A HANDY SHORT CUT</h4> - -<p>Here is a delightfully simple way in which -market gardeners, or others who buy or sell -weighty produce, can check their invoices for -potatoes or what not.</p> - -<p>Say, for example, that a consignment weighs -6 tons, 10 cwts., 1 qr. Then, since 20 cwts. are -to a ton as 20s. are to a pound, and each quarter -would answer on these lines to 3d., we can at once -write down £6 10s. 3d., as the price at £1 the -ton. On this sure basis any further calculation -is easily made.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII21">[II-21]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXI">No. XXI.—THE PERSISTENCE OF VISION</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo219.png" alt="Skull" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption smcapall">HOW TO SEE THE GHOST</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Look steadily, in a good light, for thirty seconds -at the cross in the eye of the pictured skull; -then look up at the wall or ceiling, or look fixedly -at a sheet of paper for another thirty seconds, -when a ghost-like image of the skull will be -developed.</p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_2">NOT SO FAST!</h4> - -<p>A gardener, when he had planted 100 trees on -a line at intervals of 10 yards, was able to walk -from the first of these to the last in a few -seconds, for they were set <i>on the circumference -of a circle</i>!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII22">[II-22]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXII">No. XXII.—THE PERSISTENCE OF VISION</h4> - -<p>Here is another example of what is known as -the persistence of <span class="nowrap">vision:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo220.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Look fixedly for some little time at this grotesque -figure, then turn your eyes to the wall or -ceiling, and you will in a few seconds see it appear -in dark form upon a light ground.</p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_3">A PUZZLE NUMBER</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The sum of nine figures a number will make,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of which just a third will remain<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If fifty away from the whole you should take,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Thus turning a loss to a gain.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>It needs something more than mere arithmetic -to discover that the solution to this puzzle is -XLV, the sum of the nine digits, for if the L is -removed, XV, the third of XLV, remains.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII23">[II-23]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXIII">No. XXIII.—ANOTHER PARALLEL FREAK</h4> - -<p>Here is another curious <span class="nowrap">illusion:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo221.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -<p>The four straight lines are perfectly parallel, -but the contradictory herring-bones disturb the -eye.</p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_5">THE MAGIC OF FIGURES</h4> - -<p>If our penny had been current coin in the first -year of the Christian era, and had been invested -at compound interest at five per cent., it would -have amounted in 1905 to more than -£132,010,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000.</p> - -<p>This gigantic sum would afford an income of -£101,890,000,000,000,000,000 every second to -every man, woman, and child in the world, if we -take its population to be 1,483,000,000 souls!</p> - -<p>Absurdly small in contrast to these startling -figures is the modest eight shillings which the -same penny would have yielded in the same time -at simple interest.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII24">[II-24]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXIV">No. XXIV.—ILLUSION OF LENGTH</h4> - -<p>Here in another form is shown the illusion of -length.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo222.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>At first sight it seems that the two upright -lines are distinctly longer than the line that slopes, -but it is not so.</p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_6">WHAT IS YOUR AGE?</h4> - -<p>Here is a neat method of discovering the age -of a person older than <span class="nowrap">yourself:—</span></p> - -<p>Subtract your own age from 99. Ask your -friend to add this remainder to his age, and then -to remove the first figure and add it to the last, -telling you the result. This will always be the -difference of your ages. Thus, if you are 22, -and he is 35, 99 - 22 = 77. Then 35 + 77 = 112. -The next process turns this into 13, which, added -to your age, gives his age, 35.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII25">[II-25]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXV">No. XXV.—THE HONEYCOMB ILLUSION</h4> - -<p>In this diagram one hundred and twenty-one -circular spots are grouped in a diamond.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo223.png" alt="Illusion" /> -</div> - -<p>If we half close our eyes, and look at this through -our eye-lashes, we find that it takes on the appearance -of a section of honeycomb, with hexagonal -cells.</p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_7">MULTIPLICATION NO VEXATION</h4> - -<p>Here is a ready method for multiplying together -any two numbers between 12 and 20.</p> - -<p>Take one of the two numbers and add it to -the unit digit of the other. Beneath the sum -thus obtained, but one place to the right, put -the product of the unit digits of the two original -numbers.</p> - -<p>The sum of these new numbers is the product -of the numbers that were chosen. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Multiplication"> - -<tr> -<td class="center padr4">19 × 13.</td> -<td class="right">(19 + 3)</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">22 </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="right">(9 × 3)</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">27</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="right bt">247</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII26">[II-26]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXVI">No. XXVI.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -By Dr <span class="smcap">Gold</span><br /> -<i>A Chess Joke</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo224.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Black has made an illegal move. He must -replace this, and move his king as the penalty. -White then mates on the move.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_8"><a id="FNanchor1"></a><a href="#Footnote1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a>SHOT IN A PYRAMID</h4> - -<p>Here is a method for determining the total -number of balls in a solid pyramid built up on -a square <span class="nowrap">base:—</span></p> - -<p>Multiply the number of shot on one side of -the base line by 2, add 3, multiply by the number -on the base line, add 1, multiply again by the -number on the base, and finally divide by 6. -Thus, if the base line is <span class="nowrap">12—</span></p> - -<p>12 × 2 + 3 = 27; 27 × 12 + 1 = 325; 325 × 12 = 3900; -and 3900 ÷ 6 = 650, which is the required number.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote1"></a><a href="#FNanchor1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> -<i>N.B.</i>—This title does not imply a tragedy.</p> - -</div><!--footnote--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII27">[II-27]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXVII">No. XXVII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -By <span class="smcap">A. Cyril Pearson</span><br /> -<i>A Chess Puzzle</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo225.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White might have given mate on the last move. -White now to retract his move, and mate at once.</p> - -<p><i>Show by analysis the mating position.</i></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII28">[II-28]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXVIII">No. XXVIII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -By <span class="smcap">J. G. Campbell</span><br /> -<i>A very Clever Device</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo226.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play and draw.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_9">COMIC ARITHMETIC</h4> - -<p>“Now, boys,” said Dr Bulbous Roots to -class, “you shall have a half-holiday if you -prove in a novel way that 10 is an even number.”</p> - -<p>Next morning, when the doctor came into -school, he found this on the <span class="nowrap">blackboard:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Calculation"> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2"> </td> -<td class="left">SIX</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left bb"><span class="noshow">S</span>IX</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1 bb">=</td> -<td class="right bb">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">By subtraction</td> -<td class="left">S</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">-3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="blankbefore75"> </td> -<td class="left blankbefore75">SEVEN</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1 blankbefore75">=</td> -<td class="right blankbefore75">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left bb">S</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1 bb">=</td> -<td class="right bb">-3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">Therefore</td> -<td class="left"><span class="noshow">S</span>EVEN</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">10</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<div class="rightdiv"> - -<p class="center">Q. E. D.<br /> -(<i>Quite easily done!</i>)</p> - -</div><!--rightdiv--> - -<p>The half-holiday was won.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII29">[II-29]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXIX">No. XXIX.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -By <span class="smcap">E. B. Cook</span><br /> -<i>A Fine Example</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo227.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and draw.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXIX">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII30">[II-30]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXX">No. XXX.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -By <span class="smcap">A. F. Mackenzie</span><br /> -<i>A Prize Problem</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo228.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in two moves.</p> - -<p>There are twelve variations in this beautiful -problem.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_10">MAGIC MULTIPLICATION</h4> - -<p>It will interest all who study short cuts and -contrivances to know that a novice at arithmetic -who has mastered simple addition, and can -multiply or divide by 2, but by no higher numbers, -can, by using all these methods, multiply any -two numbers together easily and accurately.</p> - -<p>This is how it is <span class="nowrap">done:—</span></p> - -<p>Write down the numbers, say 53 and 21, divide -one of them by 2 as often as possible, omitting -remainders, and multiply the other by 2 the same -number of times; set these down side by side, -as in the instance given below, and wherever there -is an <i>even</i> number on the division side, strike out -the corresponding number on the multiplication -side. Add up what remains on that side, and -the sum is done. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Calculation"> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">53</td> -<td class="right">21<span class="noshow">)</span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">26</td> -<td class="right">(42)</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">13</td> -<td class="right">84<span class="noshow">)</span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">6</td> -<td class="right">(168)</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">3</td> -<td class="right">336<span class="noshow">)</span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">1</td> -<td class="right bb">672<span class="noshow">)</span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="right">1113<span class="noshow">)</span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">which is 53 multiplied by 21.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII31">[II-31]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXI">No. XXXI.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By A. W. Galitzky</span><br /> -<i>A Prize Problem</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo229.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in two moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXI">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII32">[II-32]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXII">No. XXXII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By S. Loyd</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo230.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in two moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII33">[II-33]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXIII">No. XXXIII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By B. G. Laws</span><br /> -<i>A Prize Problem</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo231.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in two moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_11">PERFECT NUMBERS</h4> - -<p>The following particulars about a very rare -property of numbers will be new and interesting -to many of our <span class="nowrap">readers:—</span></p> - -<p>The number 6 can only be divided without -remainder by 1, 2, and 3, excluding 6 itself. The -sum of 1 + 2 + 3 is 6. The only exact divisors -of 28 are 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14, and the sum of these -is 28; 6 and 28 are therefore known as perfect -numbers.</p> - -<p>The only other known numbers which fulfil -these conditions are 496; 8128; 33,550,336; -8,589,869,056; 137,438,691,328; and <span class="nowrap">2,305,843,008,139,952,128.</span> -This most remarkable rarity of -perfect numbers is a symbol of their perfection.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII34">[II-34]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXIV">No. XXXIV.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Emil Hoffmann</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo232.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in two moves. -There are no less than twelve variations!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXIV">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII35">[II-35]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXV">No. XXXV.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By J. Pospicil</span><br /> -<i>A Prize Problem</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo233.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in two moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_12">AMICABLE NUMBERS</h4> - -<p>Somewhat akin to perfect numbers are what -are known as amicable numbers, of which -there is a still smaller quantity in the realm of -numbers.</p> - -<p>The number 220 can be divided without remainder -only by 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 22, 44, 55, and -110, and the sum of these divisors is 284. The -only divisors of 284 are 1, 2, 4, 71, and 142, and -the sum of these is 220.</p> - -<p>The only other pairs of numbers which fulfil -this curious mutual condition, that the sum of -the divisors of each number exactly equals the -other number, are 17,296 with 18,416, and -9,363,584 with 9,437,056. No other numbers, -at least below ten millions, are in this way -“amicable.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII36">[II-36]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXVI">No. XXXVI.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By H. J. C. Andrews</span><br /> -<i>A Prize Problem</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo234.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in two moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXVI">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII37">[II-37]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXVII">No. XXXVII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Alfred de Musset</span><br /> -<i>A Gem of the First Water</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo235.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_13">A SWARM OF ONES</h4> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Ones"> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">1</td> -<td class="center padr1">×</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="center">2</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">12</td> -<td class="center padr1">×</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">111</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">123</td> -<td class="center padr1">×</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="center">4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">1111</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">1234</td> -<td class="center padr1">×</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="center">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">11111</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">12345</td> -<td class="center padr1">×</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="center">6</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">111111</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">123456</td> -<td class="center padr1">×</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="center">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">1111111</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">1234567</td> -<td class="center padr1">×</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="center">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">11111111</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">12345678</td> -<td class="center padr1">×</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">111111111</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII38">[II-38]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXVIII">No. XXXVIII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Frank Healey</span><br /> -<i>A Masterpiece</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo236.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_14">DIVINATION BY FIGURES</h4> - -<p>There is a pleasant touch of mystery in the -following method of discovering a person’s age:—Ask -any such subjects of your curiosity to write -down the tens digit of the year of their birth, to -multiply this by 5, to add 2 to the product, to -multiply this result by 2, and finally to add the -units digit of their birth year. Then, taking the -paper from them, subtract the sum from 100. -This will give you their age in 1896, from which -their present age is easily determined.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII39">[II-39]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XXXIX">No. XXXIX.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Frank Healey</span><br /> -<i>The “Bristol Prize Problem”</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo237.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XXXIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_15">FUR AND FEATHERS</h4> - -<p>As I came in after a day among the birds and -rabbits, the keeper asked me—“Well, sir, what -sport?” I replied, “36 heads and 100 feet.” -It took him some time to calculate that I had -accounted for 22 birds and 14 rabbits.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII40">[II-40]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XL">No. XL.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By J. E. Campbell</span><br /> -<i>Splendid Strategy</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo238.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XL">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_16">JUGGLING WITH THE DIGITS</h4> - -<p>The nine digits can be arranged to form fractions -equivalent to</p> - -<p class="center"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">4</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">5</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">6</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">7</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">8</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">9</span></span> -</p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">5823</span><span class="bot">17469</span></span> = -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit padl1"><span class="top">7956</span><span class="bot">31824</span></span> = -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">4</span></span> -<span class="horsplit padl1"><span class="top">2973</span><span class="bot">14865</span></span> = -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">5</span></span> -<span class="horsplit padl1"><span class="top">2943</span><span class="bot">17658</span></span> = -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">6</span></span> -<span class="horsplit padl1"><span class="top">5274</span><span class="bot">36918</span></span> = -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">7</span></span> -<span class="horsplit padl1"><span class="top">9321</span><span class="bot">74568</span></span> = -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">8</span></span> -<span class="horsplit padl1"><span class="top">8361</span><span class="bot">75249</span></span> = -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">9</span></span> -</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII41">[II-41]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLI">No. XLI.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By W. Grimshaw</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo239.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLI">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII42">[II-42]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLII">No. XLII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By S. Loyd</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo240.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_17">A MOTOR PROBLEM</h4> - -<p>This motor problem will be new and amusing -to many <span class="nowrap">readers:—</span></p> - -<p>Let <i>m</i> be the driver of a motor-car, working -with velocity <i>v</i>. If a sufficiently high value is -given to <i>v</i>, it will ultimately reach <i>pc</i>. In most -cases <i>v</i> will then = <i>o</i>. For low values of <i>v</i>, <i>pc</i> -may be neglected; but if <i>v</i> be large it will generally -be necessary to square <i>pc</i>, after which <i>v</i> will -again assume a positive value.</p> - -<p>By a well-known elementary theorem, <i>pc</i> + <i>lsd</i> -= (<i>pc</i>)<sup>2</sup>, but the squaring may sometimes be -effected by substituting <i>x</i><sup>3</sup> (or × × ×) for <i>lsd</i>. -This is preferable, if <i>lsd</i> is small with regard to <i>m</i>. -If <i>lsd</i> be made sufficiently large, <i>pc</i> will vanish.</p> - -<p>Now if <i>jp</i> be substituted for <i>pc</i> (which may -happen if the difference between <i>m</i> and <i>pc</i> be -large) the solution of the problem is more difficult. -No value of <i>lsd</i> can be found to effect the squaring -of <i>jp</i>, for, as is well-known, (<i>jp</i>)<sup>2</sup> is an impossible -quantity.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII43">[II-43]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLIII">No. XLIII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By J. G. Campbell</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo241.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLIII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII44">[II-44]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLIV">No. XLIV.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Frank Healey</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo242.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_18">A NEAT METHOD OF DIVISION</h4> - -<p>To divide any sum easily by 99, cut off the -two right-hand figures of the dividend and add -them to all the others. Set down the result of -this in line below, and then repeat this process -until no figures remain on the left to be thus -dealt with.</p> - -<p>Now draw a line down between the tens and -hundreds columns, and add all up on the left of -it, <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="div99" summary="Division"> - -<tr> -<td class="col13">8694</td> -<td class="empty1 br"> </td> -<td class="empty1"> </td> -<td class="col24">32</td> -<td rowspan="4" class="empty2"> </td> -<td class="col13">120</td> -<td class="empty1 br"> </td> -<td class="empty1"> </td> -<td class="col24">78</td> -<td rowspan="3" colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="col13">87</td> -<td class="empty1 br"> </td> -<td class="empty1"> </td> -<td class="col24">26</td> -<td class="col13">1</td> -<td class="empty1 br"> </td> -<td class="empty1"> </td> -<td class="col24">98</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="col13">1</td> -<td class="empty1 br"> </td> -<td class="empty1"> </td> -<td class="col24">13</td> -<td class="col13 bb"> </td> -<td class="empty1 br bb"> </td> -<td class="empty1 bb"> </td> -<td class="col24 bb">99</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="col13 bb"> </td> -<td class="empty1 br bb"> </td> -<td class="empty1 bb"> </td> -<td class="col24 bb">14</td> -<td class="col13">121</td> -<td colspan="2" class="center">and</td> -<td class="col24">99</td> -<td colspan="2">over.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>8782</td> -<td colspan="2" class="center">and</td> -<td class="col24">14</td> -<td>over.</td> -<td colspan="6" class="left">In other words, 122.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The last number on the right of the lines shows -always the remainder. If this should appear as -99 (as in the second example above), add one to -the number on the left.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII45">[II-45]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLV">No. XLV.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Blumenthal and Kund</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo243.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLV">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII46">[II-46]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLVI">No. XLVI.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By A. F. Mackenzie</span><br /> -<i>A Prize Problem</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo244.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_19">A SMART SCHOOLBOY</h4> - -<p>The question, “How many times can 19 be -subtracted from a million?” was set by an -examiner, who no doubt expected that the -answer would be obtained by dividing a million -by 19. One bright youth, however, filled a -neatly-written page with repetitions of</p> - -<table class="million" summary="Calculation"> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">1,000,000</td> -<td class="right padr4">1,000,000</td> -<td class="right">1,000,000</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">19</td> -<td class="right padr4">19</td> -<td class="right">19</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4"><span class="bt"> 999,981</span></td> -<td class="right padr4"><span class="bt"> 999,981</span></td> -<td class="right"><span class="bt"> 999,981</span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">and added at the foot of the page, “<i>N.B.</i>—I can -do this as often as you like.”</p> - -<p>There was a touch of unintended humour in -this, for, after all, the boy gave a correct answer -to a badly worded question.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII47">[II-47]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLVII">No. XLVII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By A. Cyril Pearson</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo245.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLVII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII48">[II-48]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLVIII">No. XLVIII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Frank Healey</span><br /> -<i>Quite a Gem</i></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo246.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_20">LEWIS CARROLL’S SHORT CUT</h4> - -<p>Here is a very smart and very simple method -of dividing any multiple of 9 by 9, from the fertile -brain of Lewis Carroll:—Place a cypher over the -final figure, subtract the final figure from this, -place the result above in the tens place, subtract -the original tens figure from this, and so on to -the end. Then the top line, excluding the intruded -cypher, gives the result desired. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center"><span class="horsplit carroll"><span class="top">36459 ÷ 9 = 4051,0</span> -<span class="bot">36459</span></span> = 4051.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII49">[II-49]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XLIX">No. XLIX.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By A. Bayersdorfer</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo247.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XLIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_21">ANOTHER FREAK OF FIGURES</h4> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Figures"> - -<tr> -<td class="right gesp2">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td class="right gesp2">12</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">2</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">98</td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td class="right gesp2">123</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">3</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">987</td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td class="right gesp2">1234</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">9876</td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td class="right gesp2">12345</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">98765</td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td class="right gesp2">123456</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">6</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">987654</td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td class="right gesp2">1234567</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">9876543</td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td class="right gesp2">12345678</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">98765432</td> -</tr> - -<tr> - -<td class="right gesp2">123456789</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right gesp2">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right gesp2">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left gesp2">987654321</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII50">[II-50]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_L">No. L.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By J. Dobrusky</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo248.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_L">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_22">DIVINATION BY NUMBERS</h4> - -<p>Here is one of the methods by which we can -readily discover a number that is thought of. -The thought-reader gives these directions to his -subject: “Add 1 to three times the number you -have thought of; multiply the sum by 3; add -to this the number thought of; subtract 3, and -tell me the remainder.” This is always ten times -the number thought of. Thus, if 6 is thought of—6 -× 3 + 1 = 19; 19 × 3 = 57; 57 + 6 - 3 = 60, and -60 ÷ 10 = 6.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII51">[II-51]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LI">No. LI.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Konrad Bayer</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo249.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_23">COINCIDENCES</h4> - -<p>Here is a curious rough rule for remembering -distances and <span class="nowrap">sizes:—</span></p> - -<p>The diameter of the earth multiplied by 108 -gives approximately the sun’s diameter. The -diameter of the sun multiplied by 108 gives the -mean distance of the earth from the sun. The -diameter of the moon multiplied by 108 gives -the mean distance of the moon from the earth.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII52">[II-52]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LII">No. LII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By J. Berger</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo250.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_24">PERSONAL ARITHMETIC</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Says Giles, “My wife and I are two,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Yet faith I know not why, sir.”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Quoth Jack, “You’re ten, if I speak true,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">She’s one, and you’re a cypher!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII53">[II-53]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LIII">No. LIII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By H. F. L. Meyer</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo251.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_25">DIVISION BY SUBTRACTION</h4> - -<p>Here is a curious and quite uncommon method -of dividing any multiple of 11 by 11.</p> - -<p>Set down the multiple of 11, place a cypher -under its last figure, draw a line, and subtract, -placing the first remainder under the tens place. -Subtract this from the next number in order, -and so on throughout, adding in always any -number that is carried. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="eleven" summary="Calculation"> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">363</td> -<td class="right padr4">56408</td> -<td class="right">375034</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">0</td> -<td class="right padr4">0</td> -<td class="right">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4"><span class="bt">33 </span></td> -<td class="right padr4"><span class="bt">5128 </span></td> -<td class="right"><span class="bt">34094 </span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII54">[II-54]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LIV">No. LIV.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Frank Healey</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo252.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_26">LUCK IN ODD NUMBERS</h4> - -<p>Perhaps the old saying, “there is luck in odd -numbers,” may have some connection with the -curious fact that the sum of any quantity of -consecutive odd numbers, beginning always with -1, is the square of that number. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Squares"> - -<tr> -<td class="right">1 + 3 + 5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">3</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">3.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">1 + 3 + 5, etc., up to 17</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">81</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">9.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">1 + 3 + 5, etc., up to 99</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">2500</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">50</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">50.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII55">[II-55]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LV">No. LV.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By Frank Healey</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo253.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_27">THE VERSATILE NUMBER</h4> - -<p>In the number 142857, if the digits which -belong to it are in succession transposed from -the first place to the end, the result is in each -case a multiple of the original number. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Numbers"> - -<tr> -<td class="right">285714</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">142857</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">428571</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">142857</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">571428</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">142857</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">714285</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">142857</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">857142</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">142857</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">6</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII56">[II-56]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LVI">No. LVI.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<span class="smcap">By J. E. Campbell</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo254.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in three moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_28">A PARADOX</h4> - -<p>By the following simple method, a plausible -attempt is made to prove that 1 is equal to <span class="nowrap">2:—</span></p> - -<p>Suppose that <i>a</i> = <i>b</i>, then</p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Paradox"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="right"><i>ab</i></td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left"><i>a</i><sup>2</sup></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">∴</td> -<td class="right"><i>ab</i> - <i>b</i><sup>2</sup></td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left"><i>a</i><sup>2</sup> - <i>b</i><sup>2</sup></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">∴</td> -<td class="right"><i>b</i>(<i>a</i> - <i>b</i>)</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">(<i>a</i> + <i>b</i>)(<i>a</i> - <i>b</i>)</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="right">∴ <i>b</i></td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left"><i>a</i> + <i>b</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="right">∴ <i>b</i></td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">2<i>b</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="right">∴ 1</td> -<td class="padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">2</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>This process only proves in reality that 0 × 1 = -0 × 2, which is true.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII57">[II-57]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LVII">No. LVII.—CHESS CAMEO<br /> -<i>Double First Prize</i><br /> -<span class="smcap">By A. Cyril Pearson</span></h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<p class="caption chess above">BLACK</p> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo255.png" alt="Chess" /> -</div> - -<p class="caption chess below">WHITE</p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>White to play, and mate in four moves.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="FreakII_29">QUICK CALCULATION</h4> - -<p>Few people know a very singular but simple -method of calculating rapidly how much any -given number of pence a day amounts to in a -year. The rule is this:—Set down the given -number of pence as pounds; under this place -its half, and under that the result of the number -of original pence multiplied always by five. -Take, for example, 7d a <span class="nowrap">day:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Calculation"> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr1">£7</td> -<td class="right padr1">0</td> -<td class="right padr1">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr1">3</td> -<td class="right padr1">10</td> -<td class="right padr1">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td> </td> -<td class="right padr1">2</td> -<td class="right padr1">11</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td class="right padr1">£10</td> -<td class="right padr1">12</td> -<td class="right padr1">11</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The reason for this is evident as soon as we -remember that the 365 days of a year may be -split up into 240, 120, and 5, and that 240 happens -to be the number of pence in a pound.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII58">[II-58]</span></p> - -<h3>SCIENCE AT PLAY</h3> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LVIII">No. LVIII.—THE GEARED WHEELS</h4> - -<p>A small wheel with ten teeth is geared into a -large fixed wheel which has forty teeth. This -small wheel, with an arrow mark on its highest -cog, is revolved completely round the large wheel. -How often during its course is the arrow pointing -directly upwards? Here is a diagram of the -starting position.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo256.png" alt="Cogwheels" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII59">[II-59]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LIX">No. LIX.—ADVANCING BACKWARDS</h4> - -<p>Here is a most curious and interesting question:—When -an engine is drawing a train at -full speed from York to London, what part of the -train at any given moment is moving <i>towards -York</i>?</p> - -<p>At any time, when the engine is drawing a train -at full speed from York to London, that part of -the flange of each wheel which is for the moment -at its lowest is actually <i>moving backwards towards -York</i>.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo257.png" alt="Cogwheels" /> -</div> - -<p>For any point, such as A, on the circumference -of the tyre, describes in running along a series -of curves, as shown by <i>full</i> lines in the diagram; -and any point, B, on the outer edge of the flange, -follows a path shown by the <i>dotted</i> curves.</p> - -<p>If these lines are followed round with a pencil -in the direction of the arrows, it will be found -that the point on the flange actually moves -<i>backwards</i> as it passes <i>below the track</i>, while the -point A, as it completes each curve, is <i>at rest</i> for -the instant on the track, just before it starts -afresh. The speed of the train does not affect -these very curious facts.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII60">[II-60]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LX">No. LX.—THE FIFTEEN BRIDGES</h4> - -<p>In the subjoined diagram A and B represent -two islands, round which a river runs as is indicated, -with fifteen connecting bridges, that lead -from the islands to the river’s banks.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo258.png" alt="Cogwheels" /> -</div> - -<p>Can you contrive to pass in turn over all these -bridges without ever passing over the same one -twice?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_1">ARRANGING THE DIGITS</h4> - -<p>In a school where two boys were taught to -think out the bearings of their work, a sharp -pupil remarked that 100 is represented on paper -by the smallest digit and two cyphers, which are -in themselves symbols of nothing. The master, -quick to catch any signs of mental activity, took -the opportunity to propound to his class the -following ingenious puzzle:—How can the sum -of 100 be represented exactly in figures and signs -by making use of all the nine digits in their reverse -order? This is how it is <span class="nowrap">done:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">9 × 8 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 100.</p> - -<p>Another ingenious method of using the nine -digits, so that by simple addition they sum up -to exactly 100, and each is used once only, is -<span class="nowrap">this:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">15 + 36 + 47 = 98 + 2 = 100</p> - -<p>Here is another arrangement by which the -nine digits written in their inverse order can be -made to represent exactly <span class="nowrap">100:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">98 - 76 + 54 + 3 + 21 = 100.</p> - -<p>Here is yet another way of arriving at 100 by -using each of the digits, this time with an <span class="nowrap">0:—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p> 40<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub><br /> -<span class="bb"> 59<sup>38</sup>⁄<sub>76</sub></span><br /> -100</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII61">[II-61]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXI">No. LXI.—LOOPING THE LOOP</h4> - -<p>Here is quite a pretty scientific experiment, -which any one of a handy turn can construct and -<span class="nowrap">arrange:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo259.png" alt="Looping" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The spiral track is formed of two wires bent, -and connected by curved cross-pieces. The upper -twist is turned so that the ball starts on a horizontal -course.</p> - -<p>During the accelerated descent the ball acquires -momentum enough to keep it on the vertical -track, held outwardly against the wires by centrifugal -force.</p> - -<p>Convenient proportions are: height of spiral -two feet, diameter six inches, and wire rails three-quarters -of an inch apart.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII62">[II-62]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXII">No. LXII.—A MECHANICAL BIRD</h4> - -<p>A close approach to an ideal flying machine -can be made with a little ingenuity. Two Y-shaped -standards, secured to the backbone rod, -support two wires which carry wings of thin silk, -provided with light stays, and connected at their -inner corners with the backbone by threads.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo260.jpg" alt="Aircraft" /> -</div> - -<p>Rubber bands are attached to a loop on the inner -end of the crank shaft, and secured to a post at -the rear. These are twisted by turning the shaft -with the cross wire, and when the tension is released -the wings beat the air and carry the bird -forward. It is known as Penaud’s mechanical -bird, and has been sold as an attractive toy.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII63">[II-63]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXIII">No. LXIII.—LINE OF SWIFTEST DESCENT</h4> - -<p>A simple apparatus constructed on the lines -of this illustration will give an interesting proof -of the laws which govern falling bodies on an -inclined plane or on a curved path.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo261.png" alt="Apparatus" /> -</div> - -<p>In the case of the inclined plane the ball is -governed by the usual law which controls falling -bodies. In that of the concave circular curve, -as it is accelerated rapidly at the start, it makes -its longer journey in quicker time. In the case -of the cycloidal curve it acquires a high velocity. -This curve has therefore been called “the curve -of swiftest descent,” as a falling body passes over -it in less time than upon any path except the -vertical.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII64">[II-64]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXIV">No. LXIV.—A CENTRIFUGAL RAILWAY</h4> - -<p>Here is another very simple and pretty illustration -of the natural forces which come into play -in “looping the loop.”</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo262.png" alt="Railway" /> -</div> - -<p>This scientific toy on a small scale may be -easily made, if care is taken that the height of the -higher end of the rails is to the height of the -circular part in a greater ratio than 5 to 4.</p> - -<p>A ball started at the higher end follows the -track throughout, and at one point is held by -centrifugal force against the under side of the -rails, against the force of gravity.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII65">[II-65]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXV">No. LXV.—A QUESTION OF GRAVITY</h4> - -<p>If a ball is fired point blank from a perfectly -horizontal gun, and travels half a mile over a -level plain before it touches ground, and another -similar ball is at the same moment dropped from -the same height by some mechanical means, the -two balls will touch ground simultaneously. -The flight, however long, of one through the -air has no influence upon the force of gravity, -which draws it earthward at the same resistless -rate as it draws the other that is merely -dropped.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo263.png" alt="Cannon balls" /> -</div> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_2">A SHORT CUT</h4> - -<p>A quick method of multiplying any number of -figures by 5 is to divide them by 2, annexing a -cypher to the result when there is no remainder, -and if there is any remainder annexing a 5. -<span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">464 × 5 = 2320; 464 ÷ 2 = 232, annex 0, = 2320.<br /> -753 × 5 = 3765; 753 ÷ 2 = 376, annex 5, = 3765.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII66">[II-66]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXVI">No. LXVI.—A DUCK HUNT</h4> - -<p>A duck begins to swim round the edge of a -circular pond, and at the same moment a water -spaniel starts from the middle of the pond in -pursuit of it.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo264.png" alt="Duck and dog" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>If both swim at the same pace, how must the -dog steer his course so that he is sure in any case -to overtake the duck speedily?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_3">THE MAGIC OF DATES</h4> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Louis Napoleon, Emperor 1852</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Calculations"> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">1852</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">1852</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">1852</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">date</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">date</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">date</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">1</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">of</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">of</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">of</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">his</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">0</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">Empress’s</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">2</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">their</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">birth</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">birth</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">6</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">marriage</td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1"><span class="bt">1869</span></td> -<td> </td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1"><span class="bt">1869</span></td> -<td> </td> -<td class="right padl1 padr1"><span class="bt">1869</span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Thus, by a most remarkable series of coincidences, -the principal dates of the Emperor and -Empress of the French added, as is shown above, -to the year of the Emperor’s accession, express -in each instance the year before his fall.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII67">[II-67]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXVII">No. LXVII.—GEOMETRY WITH DOMINOES</h4> - -<p>In this domino diagram we have a pretty and -practical proof that the squares of the sides containing -the right angle in any right-angled triangle -are together equal to the square of the side opposite -to the right angle.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo265.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -<p>Each stone forms two squares, and it is easily -seen that the number of squares which make up -the whole square on the line opposite the right -angle are equal to the number of those which -make up the two whole squares on the lines which -contain that angle.</p> - -<p>A second point to be noticed is that the number -of pips on the large square are equal to the number -on the other two squares combined, an arrangement -of the stones which forms quite a game of -patience to reproduce, if this pattern is not at -hand.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII68">[II-68]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXVIII">No. LXVIII.—TO COLOUR MAPS</h4> - -<p>Four colours at most are needed to distinguish -the surfaces of separate districts on any plane -map, so that no two with a common boundary -are tinted alike.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo266.png" alt="Map colours" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>On this diagram A, B, and C, are adjoining -districts, on a plane surface, and X borders, in -one way or another, upon each.</p> - -<p>It is clearly impossible to introduce a fifth area -which shall so adjoin these four districts as to -need another tint.</p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_4">A FREAK OF FIGURES</h4> - -<p>Here is another freak of <span class="nowrap">figures:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Figures"> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">21</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">188</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">321</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">2888</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">4321</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">38888</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">54321</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">488888</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">654321</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">5888888</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">7654321</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">68888888</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">87654321</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">788888888</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="left">987654321</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">-</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">8888888888</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII69">[II-69]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXIX">No. LXIX.—THE TETHERED BIRD</h4> - -<p>A bird made fast to a pole six inches in diameter -by a cord fifty feet long, in its flight first uncoils -the cord, <i>keeping it always taut</i>, and then recoils -it in the reverse direction, rewinding the coils -close together. If it starts with the cord fully -coiled, and continues its flight until it brings up -against the pole, how far does it fly in its double -course?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo267.png" alt="Tethered bird" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_5">STRIKE IT OUT</h4> - -<p>Ask a person to write down in a line any number -of figures, then to add them all together as -units, and to subtract the result from the sum -set down. Let him then strike out any one -figure, and add the others together as units, -telling you the result.</p> - -<p>If this has been correctly done, the figure struck -out can always be determined by deducting the -final total from the multiple of 9 next above it. -If the total happens to be a multiple of 9, then -a 9 was struck out.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII70">[II-70]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXX">No. LXX.—THE MOVING DISC AND THE FLY</h4> - -<p>A fly, starting from the point A, just outside -a revolving disc, and always making straight for -its mate at the point B, crosses the disc in four -minutes, while the disc is revolving twice. What -effect has the revolution of the disc on the path -of the fly?</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo268.png" alt="Flies and disc" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_6">A MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>This Magic Square is so arranged that the -product of the continued multiplication of the -numbers in each row, column, or diagonal is 4096, -which is the cube of the central 16.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td>8</td> -<td>256</td> -<td>2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>4</td> -<td>16</td> -<td>64</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>128</td> -<td>1</td> -<td>32</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII71">[II-71]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXI">No. LXXI.—A SHUNTING PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>The railway, D E F, has two sidings, D B A -and F C A, connected at A. The rails at A, -common to both, are long enough to hold a single -wagon such as P or Q, but too short to admit -the whole of the engine R, which, if it runs up -either siding, must return the same way.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo269.png" alt="Railways" /> -</div> - -<p>How can the engine R be used to interchange -the wagons P and Q without allowing any flying -shunts?—From <i>Ball’s Mathematical Recreations</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXI">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII72">[II-72]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXII">No. LXXII.—A CURIOUS FACT</h4> - -<p>It is a little known and very interesting fact -that an equilateral triangle can easily be drawn -by rule of thumb in the following way:—Take -a triangle of any shape or size, and on each of its -sides erect an equilateral triangle. Find and -join the centres of these, and a fourth equilateral -triangle is always thus formed, as shown by the -dotted lines.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo270.png" alt="Triangles" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>These centres are <i>centres of gravity</i>, and they -are symmetrically distributed around the centre -of gravity of the original triangle.</p> - -<p>The figure formed by joining them must therefore -be symmetrical, and, as in this case, it is a -triangle, it <i>must be</i> always equilateral.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII73">[II-73]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXIII">No. LXXIII.—TRY THIS EXPERIMENT</h4> - -<p>There can be no better instance of how the eye -may be deceived than is so strikingly afforded in -these very curious <span class="nowrap">diagrams:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo271.png" alt="Deception" /> -</div> - -<p>The square which obviously contains sixty-four -small squares, is to be cut into four parts, -as is shown by the thicker lines. When these -four pieces are quite simply put together, as -shown in the second figure, there seem to be -sixty-five squares instead of sixty-four.</p> - -<p>This phenomena is due to the fact that the -edges of the four pieces, which lie along the -diagonal A B, do not exactly coincide in direction. -In reality they <i>include a very narrow diamond</i>, -not easily detected, whose area is just equal -to that of one of the sixty-four small squares.</p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_7">FIGURES IN SWARMS</h4> - -<p>Very curious are the results when the nine -digits in reverse order are multiplied by 9 and -its multiples up to 81. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="swarm" summary="Swarming numbers"> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">18</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">27</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">36</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">45</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">54</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">63</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">72</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="9"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">81</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>It will be seen that the figures by which the -reversed digits are multiplied reappear at the -beginning and end of each result except the first, -and that the figures repeated between them are -to be found by dividing the divisors by 9 and subtracting -the result from 9. Thus, 54 ÷ 9 = 6, and -9 - 6 = 3.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII74">[II-74]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXIV">No. LXXIV.—A TRIANGLE OF TRIANGLES</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo272.png" alt="Triangles" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>In this nest of triangles there are no less than -six hundred and fifty-three distinct triangles of -various shapes and sizes.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII75">[II-75]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXV">No. LXXV.—PHARAOH’S SEAL</h4> - -<p>In a chamber of the Great Pyramid an ancient -Egyptian jar was found, marked with the device -now known as Pharaoh’s seal.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo273.png" alt="Vase" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Can you count the number of triangles or -pyramids, of many sizes, but all of similar shape -that are expressed on it? Solvers should draw -the figure on a larger scale.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_8">MAKING CUBES</h4> - -<p>It is interesting to note that the repeated -addition of odd numbers to one another can be -so arranged as to produce cube numbers in due -sequence. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Cubes"> - -<tr> -<td class="right">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">1 × 1 × 1</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">3 + 5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">2 × 2 × 2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">7 + 9 + 11</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">3 × 3 × 3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">13 + 15 + 17 + 19</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">4 × 4 × 4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">21 + 23 + 25 + 27 + 29</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">5 × 5 × 5</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">and so on, to any extent.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII76">[II-76]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXVI">No. LXXVI.—ROUND THE GARDEN</h4> - -<p>In a large old-fashioned garden walks were -arranged round a central fountain in the shape -of a Maltese cross.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo274.png" alt="Garden" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>If four persons started at noon from the fountain, -walking round the four paths at two, three, four -and five miles an hour respectively, at what time -would they meet for the third time at their starting-point, -if the distance on each track was one-third -of a mile?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_9">A NICE SHORT CUT</h4> - -<p>When the tens of two numbers are the same, -and their units added together make ten, multiply -the units together, increase one of the tens by -unity, and multiply it by the other ten. The -result is the product of the two original numbers, -if the first result follows the other. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75">43 × 47 = 2021.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII77">[II-77]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXVII">No. LXXVII.—A JOINER’S PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>Can you cut Fig. A into two parts, and so rearrange -these that they form either Fig. B or -Fig. C?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo275.png" alt="Puzzle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The two parts of A must not be <i>turned round</i> -to form B or C, but must retain their original -direction.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_10">A CALCULATION</h4> - -<p>Coal may fail us, but we can never run short -of material for “words that burn.” It has been -calculated that if a man could read 100,000 words -in an hour, and there were 4,650,000 men available, -they could not pronounce the possible variations -which could be formed from the alphabet -in 70,000 years!</p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_11">A PARADOX</h4> - -<p>It is possible, in a sense, by the following neat -method, to take 45 from 45, and find that 45 -<span class="nowrap">remains:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Calculation"> - -<tr> -<td class="center">987654321</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="center">45.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center bb">123456789</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="center">45.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">864197532</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="center">45.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII78">[II-78]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXVIII">No. LXXVIII.—THE BROKEN OCTAGON</h4> - -<p>Cut out in stiff cardboard four pieces shaped -as Fig. 1, four as Fig. 2, and -four as Fig. 3, taking care -that they are all exactly -true to pattern in shape and -proportion to one another.</p> - -<div class="container15m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo276.png" alt="Pieces" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Now see whether you can -put the twelve pieces together so as to form a -perfect octagon.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_12">PROPERTIES OF SEVEN</h4> - -<p>Here is a proof that 7, if it cannot rival the -mystic 9, has quaint properties of its <span class="nowrap">own:—</span></p> - -<table class="swarm2" summary="Properties"> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_13">A SWARM OF EIGHTS</h4> - -<p>Here is an arithmetical <span class="nowrap">curiosity:—</span></p> - -<table class="swarm2" summary="Calculations"> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td colspan="7"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td colspan="7"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII79">[II-79]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXIX">No. LXXIX.—AT A DUCK POND</h4> - -<p>A farmer’s wife kept a pure strain of Aylesbury -ducks for market on a square pond, with a duck-house -at each corner. As trade grew brisk she -found that she must enlarge her pond. An ingenious -neighbour undertook to arrange this -without altering the shape of the pond, and without -disturbing the duck-houses. What was his -plan?</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo277.png" alt="Duck pond" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_14">STRANGE SUBTRACTION</h4> - -<p>It would seem impossible to subtract 69 from -55, but it can be arranged thus, with six as a -<span class="nowrap">remainder:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Subtraction"> - -<tr> -<td class="right padl0 padr4">SIX</td> -<td class="right padl0 padr4">IX</td> -<td class="right padl0">XL</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td class="right padl0 padr4">IX</td> -<td class="right padl0 padr4">X</td> -<td class="right padl0">L</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bbd"> -<td class="left">S</td> -<td class="left">I</td> -<td class="left">X</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII80">[II-80]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXX">No. LXXX.—ALL ON THE SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Cut out in cardboard -twenty triangular pieces exactly -the size and shape of -this one, and try to place -them together so that they -form a perfect square.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo278.png" alt="Triangle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_15">ANOTHER MYSTIC NUMBER</h4> - -<p>The decimal equivalent of <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>13</sub> is .076923. This -(omitting the point), multiplied by 1, 3, 4, 9, 10, -or 12, yields results in which the same figures -appear in varied order, but similar sequence, and -multiplied by 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 11, it yields a different -series, with similar characteristics. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Mystic number"> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="6" class="right top padl4">76923</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">76923</td> -<td rowspan="6" class="right top padl4">76923</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">2</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">153846</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">3</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">230769</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">384615</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">307692</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">6</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">461538</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">692307</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">538461</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">10</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">769230</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">615384</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">12</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">923076</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">11</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">846153</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_16">DON’T BUY IT TO TRY IT</h4> - -<p>A kaleidoscope cylinder contains twenty small -pieces of coloured glass. As we turn it round, -or shake it, so as to make ten changes of pattern -every minute, it will take the inconceivable space -of time of 462,880,899,576 years and 360 days -to exhaust all the possible symmetrical variations. -(The 360 days is good!)</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII81">[II-81]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXI">No. LXXXI.—PINS AND DOTS</h4> - -<p>Here is an amusing little exercise for the ingenuity -of our solvers.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo279.png" alt="Grid" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Take six sharp pins, and puzzle out how to -stick them into six of the black dots, so that no -two pins, are on the same line, in any direction, -vertical, horizontal, or diagonal.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXXI">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII82">[II-82]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXII">No. LXXXII.—A TRICKY COURSE</h4> - -<p>The middle of a large playground was paved -with sixty-four square flagstones of equal size, -which are numbered on this diagram from one -to sixty-four.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Playground"> - -<tr> -<td><i>1</i></td> -<td><i>9</i></td> -<td><i>17</i></td> -<td><i>25</i></td> -<td><i>33</i></td> -<td><i>41</i></td> -<td><i>49</i></td> -<td><i>57</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>2</i></td> -<td><i>10</i></td> -<td><i>18</i></td> -<td><i>26</i></td> -<td><i>34</i></td> -<td><i>42</i></td> -<td><i>50</i></td> -<td><i>58</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>3</i></td> -<td><i>11</i></td> -<td><i>19</i></td> -<td><i>27</i></td> -<td><i>35</i></td> -<td><i>43</i></td> -<td><i>51</i></td> -<td><i>59</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>4</i></td> -<td><i>12</i></td> -<td><i>20</i></td> -<td><i>28</i></td> -<td><i>36</i></td> -<td><i>44</i></td> -<td><i>52</i></td> -<td><i>60</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>5</i></td> -<td><i>13</i></td> -<td><i>21</i></td> -<td><i>29</i></td> -<td><i>37</i></td> -<td><i>45</i></td> -<td><i>53</i></td> -<td><i>61</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>6</i></td> -<td><i>14</i></td> -<td><i>22</i></td> -<td><i>30</i></td> -<td><i>38</i></td> -<td><i>46</i></td> -<td><i>54</i></td> -<td><i>62</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>7</i></td> -<td><i>15</i></td> -<td><i>23</i></td> -<td><i>31</i></td> -<td><i>39</i></td> -<td><i>47</i></td> -<td><i>55</i></td> -<td><i>63</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>8</i></td> -<td><i>16</i></td> -<td><i>24</i></td> -<td><i>32</i></td> -<td><i>40</i></td> -<td><i>48</i></td> -<td><i>56</i></td> -<td><i>64</i></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>One of the schoolmasters, who had a head for -puzzles, took his stand upon the square here -numbered 19, and offered a prize to any boy who, -starting from the square numbered 46, could -make his way to him, passing through every -square once, and only once. It was after many -vain attempts that the course was at last discovered. -Can you work it out?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXXII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII83">[II-83]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXIII">No. LXXXIII.—FOR THE CHILDREN</h4> - -<p>Place twelve draughtsmen, or buttons, in a -square, so that you count four along each side -of it, <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo281.png" alt="Buttons" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Now take the same men or buttons, and arrange -them so that they form another square, and you -can count five along each side of it.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXXIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_17">A GAME OF NINES</h4> - -<p>Here is a good specimen of the eccentricities -and powers of <span class="nowrap">numbers:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Nines"> - -<tr> -<td class="right">153846</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">13</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">1999998</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">230769</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">13</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">2999997</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">307692</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">13</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">3999996</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">384615</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">13</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">4999995</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">461538</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">13</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">5999994</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">538461</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">13</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">6999993</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">615384</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">13</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">7999992</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">692307</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="right">13</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">8999991</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII84">[II-84]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXIV">No. LXXXIV.—TELL-TALE TABLES</h4> - -<p>She was quite an old maid, and her age was -a most absolute secret. Determined to discover -it, her scapegrace nephew, on Christmas Eve, -produced these tables, and asked her with well -simulated innocence on which of them she could -see the number of her age.</p> - -<table class="ages" summary="Ages"> - -<tr> -<td>1</td> -<td>23</td> -<td>45</td> -<td rowspan="11" class="w3m notopbot"> </td> -<td>2</td> -<td>23</td> -<td>46</td> -<td rowspan="11" class="w3m notopbot"> </td> -<td>16</td> -<td>27</td> -<td>54</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>3</td> -<td>25</td> -<td>47</td> -<td>3</td> -<td>26</td> -<td>47</td> -<td>17</td> -<td>28</td> -<td>55</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>5</td> -<td>27</td> -<td>49</td> -<td>6</td> -<td>27</td> -<td>50</td> -<td>18</td> -<td>29</td> -<td>56</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>7</td> -<td>29</td> -<td>51</td> -<td>7</td> -<td>30</td> -<td>51</td> -<td>19</td> -<td>30</td> -<td>57</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>9</td> -<td>31</td> -<td>53</td> -<td>10</td> -<td>31</td> -<td>54</td> -<td>20</td> -<td>31</td> -<td>58</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>11</td> -<td>33</td> -<td>55</td> -<td>11</td> -<td>34</td> -<td>55</td> -<td>21</td> -<td>48</td> -<td>59</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>13</td> -<td>35</td> -<td>57</td> -<td>14</td> -<td>35</td> -<td>58</td> -<td>22</td> -<td>49</td> -<td>60</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>15</td> -<td>37</td> -<td>59</td> -<td>15</td> -<td>38</td> -<td>59</td> -<td>23</td> -<td>50</td> -<td>61</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>17</td> -<td>39</td> -<td>61</td> -<td>18</td> -<td>39</td> -<td>62</td> -<td>24</td> -<td>51</td> -<td>62</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>19</td> -<td>41</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="center">A</td> -<td>19</td> -<td>42</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="center">B</td> -<td>25</td> -<td>52</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="center">C</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>21</td> -<td>43</td> -<td>22</td> -<td>43</td> -<td>26</td> -<td>53</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<table class="ages" summary="Ages"> - -<tr> -<td>8</td> -<td>27</td> -<td>46</td> -<td rowspan="11" class="w3m notopbot"> </td> -<td>4</td> -<td>23</td> -<td>46</td> -<td rowspan="11" class="w3m notopbot"> </td> -<td>32</td> -<td>43</td> -<td>54</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>9</td> -<td>28</td> -<td>47</td> -<td>5</td> -<td>28</td> -<td>47</td> -<td>33</td> -<td>44</td> -<td>55</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>10</td> -<td>29</td> -<td>56</td> -<td>6</td> -<td>29</td> -<td>52</td> -<td>34</td> -<td>45</td> -<td>56</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>11</td> -<td>30</td> -<td>57</td> -<td>7</td> -<td>30</td> -<td>53</td> -<td>35</td> -<td>46</td> -<td>57</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>12</td> -<td>31</td> -<td>58</td> -<td>12</td> -<td>31</td> -<td>54</td> -<td>36</td> -<td>47</td> -<td>58</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>13</td> -<td>40</td> -<td>59</td> -<td>13</td> -<td>36</td> -<td>55</td> -<td>37</td> -<td>48</td> -<td>59</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>14</td> -<td>41</td> -<td>60</td> -<td>14</td> -<td>37</td> -<td>60</td> -<td>38</td> -<td>49</td> -<td>60</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>15</td> -<td>42</td> -<td>61</td> -<td>15</td> -<td>38</td> -<td>61</td> -<td>39</td> -<td>50</td> -<td>61</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>24</td> -<td>43</td> -<td>62</td> -<td>20</td> -<td>39</td> -<td>62</td> -<td>40</td> -<td>51</td> -<td>62</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>25</td> -<td>44</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="center">D</td> -<td>21</td> -<td>44</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="center">E</td> -<td>41</td> -<td>52</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="center">F</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>26</td> -<td>45</td> -<td>22</td> -<td>45</td> -<td>42</td> -<td>53</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>From her answer he was able to calculate that -the old lady was fifty-five.</p> - -<p>The tell-tale tables disclosed her age thus:—As -it appeared in tables A, B, C, E, and F, he -added together the numbers at the top left-hand -corners, and found the total to be fifty-five. -This rule applies in all cases.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII85">[II-85]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXV">No. LXXXV.—A PAPER PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>Of the many paper-cutting tricks which appeal -to us none is more simple and attractive than -<span class="nowrap">this:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo283a.png" alt="Altar" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Take a piece of paper, say 5 inches by 3 -inches, but any oblong shape and size will do, -and after folding it four times cut it lengthways -up the centre. Unfold the pieces, and to your -surprise you will find a perfect cross and other -pieces in pairs of -the shapes shown -above. The -puzzle is how to -fold the paper.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo283b.png" alt="Rectangle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The paper must -be folded first so -that B comes -upon C, then so -that A comes -upon D, then from D to C, and lastly from -E to C. If it is now cut lengthways exactly -along the centre the figures shown on the original -diagram will be formed, which resemble a cross -and lighted candles on an altar.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII86">[II-86]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXVI">No. LXXXVI.—A HOME-MADE PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>Take a thin board, about eight inches square, -and mark it out -into thirty-six -equal parts; bore -a hole in the centre -of each part, and -then fit in a small -wooden peg, leaving -about a quarter -inch above the -surface, as is -shown in Fig. 1, -the section below -the diagram.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo284a.png" alt="Puzzle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Prepare thirty-six -pieces of white -or coloured cardboard -of the -length A to B, -and place them -over the pegs in any direction in which they will -fit so as to form -some such symmetrical -pattern -as is given on -the second diagram, -putting -two holes only -on each peg. -Chess-players -will see that -this is the regular -knight’s -move.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo284b.png" alt="Puzzle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Quite a number -of beautiful<span class="pagenum" id="PageII87">[II-87]</span> -designs can be thus formed, and those who have -not the means at hand for making a complete set -can enjoy the puzzle by merely marking out -thirty-six squares, and drawing lines from centre -to centre of the exact length from A to B, with -black or coloured pencils.</p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXVII">No. LXXXVII.—LOYD’S MITRE -PROBLEM</h4> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo285.png" alt="Mitre" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Divide this figure into four similar and equal -parts.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_18">A PRETTY PROBLEM</h4> - -<p>The solution of the pretty little problem: place -three twos in three different groups, so that twice -the first group, or half the third group equals -the second group, is <span class="nowrap">this:—</span></p> - -<p class="center"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top">2</span><span class="bot">2 + 2</span></span> = -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">1</span><span class="bot">2</span></span> -<span class="padl4 padr4">2 - <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">2</span><span class="bot">2</span></span> = 1</span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">2 + 2</span><span class="bot">2</span></span> = 2</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII88">[II-88]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXVIII">No. LXXXVIII.—CONTINUOUS LINES</h4> - -<p>The following figure, which represents part of -a brick wall, cannot be marked out along all the -edges of the bricks in less than six continuous -lines without going more than once over the same -<span class="nowrap">line:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo286a.png" alt="Brick wall" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Here, in strong contrast to the simple figure -given above, which could not be traced without -lifting the pen six times from the paper, is an -intricate design, the lines of which, on the upper -or on the lower half, can be traced without any -break at all.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo286b.png" alt="Brick wall" /> -</div> - -<p>The general rule that governs such cases is, -that where an uneven number of lines meet a -fresh start has to be made. In the diagram now -given the only such points are at the extremities -of the upper and lower halves of the figure at -A and X. At all other points two, or four, or six -lines converge, and there is no break of continuity -in a tracing of the figure.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII89">[II-89]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_LXXXIX">No. LXXXIX.—CUT OFF THE CORNERS</h4> - -<p>Can you suggest quite a simple and practical -way to fix the points on the sides of a square -which will be at the angles of an octagon formed -by cutting off equal corners of the square, as -shown below?</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo287.png" alt="Square" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_LXXXIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_19">MYSTIC FIGURES</h4> - -<p>Very interesting and curious are the properties -of the figures 142857, used in varied order but -always in similar sequence, in connection with -7 and <span class="nowrap">9:—</span></p> - -<table class="swarm2" summary="Mysticism"> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit"> </td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">÷</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">÷</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">÷</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">÷</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">÷</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">8</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">×</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">÷</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII90">[II-90]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XC">No. XC.—THE FIVE TRIANGLES</h4> - -<p>The subjoined diagram shows how a square -with sides that measure each 12 yards can -be divided into five triangles, no two of which -are of equal area, and of which the sides and -areas can be expressed in yards by whole <span class="nowrap">numbers:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo288.png" alt="Triangles" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The areas of these triangles are 6, 12, 24, 48, -and 54 square yards respectively, and the sum -of these, 144 square yards, is the area of the -square.</p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_20">CURIOUS COINCIDENCES</h4> - -<p>Our readers may remember the remarkable fact -that the figures of the sum, £12, 12s. 8d., when -written thus, 12,128, exactly represent the number -of farthings it contains. Now this, so far as -we know, is the only instance of the peculiarity, -but there are at least five other cases which come -curiously near to it. They are <span class="nowrap">these:—</span></p> - -<table class="farthings" summary="Farthings"> - -<tr> -<th>£</th> -<th>s.</th> -<th>d.</th> -<th colspan="4"> </th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="lsd">9</td> -<td class="lsd">9</td> -<td class="lsd">6</td> -<td rowspan="3"> </td> -<td class="equals">=</td> -<td class="farthings">9096</td> -<td class="center">farthings</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="lsd">6</td> -<td class="lsd">6</td> -<td class="lsd">4</td> -<td class="equals">=</td> -<td class="farthings">6064</td> -<td class="center">„</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="lsd">3</td> -<td class="lsd">3</td> -<td class="lsd">2</td> -<td class="equals">=</td> -<td class="farthings">3032</td> -<td class="center">„</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="lsd">10</td> -<td class="lsd">10</td> -<td class="lsd">6</td> -<td class="fraction"><sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub></td> -<td class="equals">=</td> -<td class="farthings">10106</td> -<td class="center">„</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="lsd">13</td> -<td class="lsd">13</td> -<td class="lsd">8</td> -<td class="fraction"><sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub></td> -<td class="equals">=</td> -<td class="farthings">13138</td> -<td class="center">„</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII91">[II-91]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCI">No. XCI.—PLACING A LADDER</h4> - -<p>If a ladder, with rungs 1 foot apart, rests -against a wall, and its thirteenth rung is 12 feet -above the ground, the foot of the ladder is 25 feet -from the wall.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo289.png" alt="Ladder" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p><i>Proof.</i>—Drop a perpendicular from A to B. -Then, as A B C is a right angle, and the squares -on A C, A B, are 169 feet and 144 feet, the square -on C B must be 25 feet, and the length of C B -is 5 feet. We thus move 5 feet towards the wall -in going 13 feet up the ladder, and in mounting -65 feet (five times as far) we must cover 25 feet.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII92">[II-92]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCII">No. XCII.—GRACEFUL CURVES</h4> - -<p>A prettily ingenious method of dividing the -area of a circle into quarters, each of them -a perfect curve, with perimeter (or enclosing -line) equal to the circumference of the circle, and -with which four circles can be formed, is clearly -shown by the subjoined <span class="nowrap">diagrams:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo290.png" alt="Circles" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_21">NIGHTS AT A ROUND TABLE</h4> - -<p>The host of a large hotel at Cairo noticed that -his Visitors’ Book contained the names of an -Austrian, a Brazilian, a Chinaman, a Dane, an -Englishman, a Frenchman, a German, and a -Hungarian. Moved by this curious alphabetical -list, he offered them all free quarters and the -best of everything if they could arrange themselves -at a round dining-table so that not one of -them should have the same two neighbours on -any two occasions for 21 successive days.</p> - -<p>The following is one of many ways in which -this arrangement can be made, and it seems to -be the simplest of them all.</p> - -<p>Number the persons 1 to 8; and for our first -day set them down in numerical order <i>except that -the two centre ones (4 and 5) change places</i>:</p> - -<table class="knights" summary="Places"> - -<tr> -<td class="day"> (1st day)—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Keep the 1 and the 7 unaltered but double -each of the other numbers. When the product -is greater than 8, divide by 7, and only set down -the remainder. Thus we get:</p> - -<table class="knights" summary="Places"> - -<tr> -<td class="day"> (8th day)—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>(Here the fourth figure 3 is 5 × 2 ÷ 7, giving -<i>remainder</i> 3, and so on.)</p> - -<p>Repeat this operation once more:</p> - -<table class="knights" summary="Places"> - -<tr> -<td class="day">(15th day)—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>To fill in the intermediate days we have only -to keep 1 unchanged and let the remaining numbers -run downwards in <i>simple numerical order</i>, -following 8 with 2, 2 with 3, and so on. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="knights" summary="Places"> - -<tr> -<td class="day">1st day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">2nd day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">3rd day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">4th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">5th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">6th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td class="day">7th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">8th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">9th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">10th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">11th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">12th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">13th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td class="day">14th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">15th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">16th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">17th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">18th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">19th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">20th day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="day">21st day—</td> -<td class="knight one">1</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>This completes the schedule. It will be found -on examination that every number is between -every pair of the other numbers once, and once -only.</p> - -<p>In order to reduce our first-day ring to exact -numerical order we have only to interchange -the numbers 4 and 5 throughout. The first three -lines for example would then become:</p> - -<table class="knights" summary="Places"> - -<tr> -<td class="knight">1</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight eight">8</td> -<td rowspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="knight">1</td> -<td class="knight">3</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight eight">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="knight">1</td> -<td class="knight">5</td> -<td class="knight">4</td> -<td class="knight">7</td> -<td class="knight">6</td> -<td class="knight">8</td> -<td class="knight">2</td> -<td class="knight eight">3,</td> -<td class="left"> etc.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">or, by putting letters for figures,</p> - -<table class="knights" summary="Places"> - -<tr> -<td class="knight">A</td> -<td class="knight">B</td> -<td class="knight">C</td> -<td class="knight">D</td> -<td class="knight">E</td> -<td class="knight">F</td> -<td class="knight">G</td> -<td class="knight eight">H</td> -<td rowspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="knight">A</td> -<td class="knight">C</td> -<td class="knight">E</td> -<td class="knight">F</td> -<td class="knight">D</td> -<td class="knight">G</td> -<td class="knight">H</td> -<td class="knight eight">B</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="knight">A</td> -<td class="knight">E</td> -<td class="knight">D</td> -<td class="knight">G</td> -<td class="knight">F</td> -<td class="knight">H</td> -<td class="knight">B</td> -<td class="knight eight">C,</td> -<td class="left"> etc.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>An arrangement of the guests is thus arrived at -for twenty-one successive days, so that not one -of them has the same two neighbours on any -two occasions.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII93">[II-93]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCIII">No. XCIII.—MAKING MANY SQUARES</h4> - -<p>Can you apply the two oblongs drawn below -to the two concentric squares, so as to produce -thirty-one perfect squares?</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo291.png" alt="Rectangles" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XCIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCIV">No. XCIV.—CUT ACROSS</h4> - -<p>Take a piece of cardboard in the form of a -Greek cross with arms, as shown here, -and divide it by two straight cuts, so that the -pieces when reunited form a perfect square.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo292.png" alt="Cross" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_XCIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCV">No. XCV.—A PRETTY PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>The diagrams which we give below show how -a hollow square can be formed of the pieces of -three-quarters of another square from which a -corner has been cut <span class="nowrap">away:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo293.png" alt="Squares" /> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII96">[II-96]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCVI">No. XCVI.—A FIVE-FOLD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>The subjoined diagram shows how a square -of paper or cardboard may be cut into nine pieces -which, when suitably arranged, form five perfect -squares.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo294.png" alt="Squares" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_22">THE SOCIABLE SCHOOLGIRLS</h4> - -<p>On how many days can fifteen schoolgirls go -out for a walk so arranged in rows of three, that -no two are together more than once?</p> - -<p>Fifteen schoolgirls can go out for a walk on -seven days so arranged in rows of three that no -two are together more than once.</p> - -<p>It is said, on high authority, that there are no -less than 15,567,522,000 different solutions to -this problem. Here is one of them, given in -<i>Ball’s Mathematical Recreations</i>, in which <i>k</i> stands -for one of the girls, and <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>c</i>, <i>d</i>, <i>e</i>, <i>f</i>, <i>g</i>, in their -modifications, for her companions on the seven -different <span class="nowrap">days:—</span></p> - -<table class="schoolgirls" summary="Girls"> - -<tr class="bt bb"> -<th class="bl">Sunday</th> -<th>Monday</th> -<th>Tuesday</th> -<th>Wednesday</th> -<th>Thursday</th> -<th>Friday</th> -<th>Saturday</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bl"><i>ka<sub>1</sub>a<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>kb<sub>1</sub>b<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>kc<sub>1</sub>c<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>kd<sub>1</sub>d<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>ke<sub>1</sub>e<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>kf<sub>1</sub>f<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>kg<sub>1</sub>g<sub>2</sub></i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bl"><i>b<sub>1</sub>d<sub>1</sub>f<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>1</sub>d<sub>2</sub>e<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>1</sub>d<sub>1</sub>e<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>2</sub>b<sub>2</sub>c<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>2</sub>b<sub>1</sub>c<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>1</sub>b<sub>2</sub>c<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>1</sub>b<sub>1</sub>c<sub>2</sub></i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bl"><i>b<sub>2</sub>e<sub>1</sub>g<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>2</sub>f<sub>2</sub>g<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>2</sub>f<sub>1</sub>g<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>1</sub>f<sub>2</sub>g<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>1</sub>f<sub>1</sub>g<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>2</sub>d<sub>2</sub>e<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>a<sub>2</sub>d<sub>1</sub>e<sub>2</sub></i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bl"><i>c<sub>1</sub>d<sub>2</sub>g<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>c<sub>1</sub>d<sub>1</sub>g<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>b<sub>1</sub>d<sub>2</sub>f<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>b<sub>1</sub>e<sub>1</sub>g<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>b<sub>2</sub>d<sub>1</sub>f<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>b<sub>1</sub>e<sub>2</sub>g<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>b<sub>2</sub>d<sub>2</sub>f<sub>1</sub></i></td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td class="bl"><i>c<sub>2</sub>e<sub>2</sub>f<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>c<sub>2</sub>e<sub>1</sub>f<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>b<sub>2</sub>e<sub>2</sub>g<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>c<sub>1</sub>e<sub>2</sub>f<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>c<sub>2</sub>d<sub>2</sub>g<sub>1</sub></i></td> -<td><i>c<sub>2</sub>d<sub>1</sub>g<sub>2</sub></i></td> -<td><i>c<sub>1</sub>e<sub>1</sub>f<sub>2</sub></i></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>It is an excellent game of patience, for those -who have time and inclination, to place the -figures 1 to 15 inclusive in seven such columns, -so as to fulfil the conditions.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII97">[II-97]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCVII">No. XCVII.—THE THREE CROSSES</h4> - -<p>It is possible from a Greek cross to cut off four -equal pieces which, when put together, will form -another Greek cross exactly half the size of the -original, and by this process to leave a third -Greek cross complete.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo295.png" alt="Crosses" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This is how to do <span class="nowrap">it:—</span></p> - -<p>Bisect <i>C D</i> at <i>N</i>, <i>F G</i> at <i>O</i>, <i>K L</i> at <i>P</i>, and <i>B I</i> -at <i>Q</i>.</p> - -<p>Join <i>N H</i>, <i>O M</i>, <i>P A</i>, <i>Q E</i>, intersecting at <i>R</i>, <i>S</i>, -<i>T</i>, <i>U</i>.</p> - -<p>Bisect <i>A R</i> at <i>V</i>, <i>E S</i> at <i>W</i>, <i>T H</i> at <i>X</i>, and -<i>M U</i> at <i>Y</i>.</p> - -<p>Join <i>V Q</i>, <i>N Y</i>, <i>W P</i>, <i>O X</i>, <i>N W</i>, <i>V O</i>, <i>Q X</i>, <i>Y P</i>.</p> - -<p>Carefully cut out from the original Greek cross -the newly-formed Greek cross, and the odd pieces -from around it can be arranged to form another -Greek cross.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII98">[II-98]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCVIII">No. XCVIII.—THE HAMMOCK</h4> - -<p>The greatest number of plane figures that can -be formed by the union of ten straight lines is -thirty-six.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo296.png" alt="Crosses" /> -</div> - -<p>The two equal lines at right angles are first -drawn, and each is divided into eight equal parts. -The other eight straight lines are then drawn -from <i>a</i> to <i>a</i>, from <i>b</i> to <i>b</i>, and so on, until the -hammock-shaped network of thirty-six plane -figures is produced.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII99">[II-99]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_XCIX">No. XCIX.—CUTTING A CRUMPET</h4> - -<p>It will be seen on the diagram below that seven -straight vertical cuts with a table-knife will -divide a crumpet into twenty-eight parts.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo297.png" alt="Crosses" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_23">BALANCE THE SCALES</h4> - -<p>The nine digits can be so adjusted as to form -an equation, or, if taken as weight, to balance -the scales. <span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75">9, 6<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> = 3, 5, 7<sup>4</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_24">TRUE STRETCHES OF IMAGINATION</h4> - -<p>How large is the sea? This is a bold big question, -and any possible answer involves a considerable -stretch of the imagination. Here is a -startling illustration of its vast <span class="nowrap">volume:—</span></p> - -<p>If the water of the sea could be gathered into -a round column, reaching the 93,000,000 miles -which separate us from the sun, the diameter of -this column would be nearly two miles and a -half!</p> - -<p>It is perhaps even more difficult to realise that -this mighty mass of waters could be dissipated -in a few moments, if the column we have imagined -could become ice, and if the entire heat of the -sun could be concentrated upon it. All would -be melted in <i>one second of time</i>, and converted -into steam in eight seconds!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII100">[II-100]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_C">No. C.—TO MAKE AN ENVELOPE</h4> - -<p>Many of our readers may be glad to know an -easy way to make an envelope of any shape or -size.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo298.png" alt="Envelope" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This diagram speaks for itself. When the lines -<i>A B</i>, <i>A C</i>, <i>D B</i>, <i>D C</i> have been drawn, the corners -of the rectangle, <i>H E G F</i>, are folded over, as -shown by the dotted lines, after the corners have -been rounded, and the margins touched with -gum.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII101">[II-101]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CI">No. CI.—SQUARING AN OBLONG</h4> - -<p>The diagrams below will show how a piece of -paper, 15 inches long and 3 inches wide, can be -cut into five parts, and rearranged to form a -perfect square.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo299.png" alt="Envelope" /> -</div> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_25">A PLAGUE OF BLOW-FLIES</h4> - -<p>The following astounding calculation is answer -enough to a question put by one of the authors -of “Rejected Addresses:”—“Who filled the -butchers’ shops with big blue flies?”</p> - -<p>A pair of blow-flies can produce ten thousand -eggs, which mature in a fortnight. If every egg -hatches out, and there are equal numbers of -either sex, which forthwith increase and multiply -at the same rapid rate, and if their descendants -do the like, so that all survive at the end of six -months, it has been calculated that, if thirty-two -would fill a cubic inch of space, the whole innumerable -swarm would cover the globe, land -and sea, half a mile deep everywhere.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII102">[II-102]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CII">No. CII.—BY RULE OF THUMB</h4> - -<p>Here is quite a neat way to make an equilateral -triangle without using <span class="nowrap">compasses:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo300.png" alt="Triangle" /> -</div> - -<p>Take a piece of paper exactly square, which -we will call <i>A B C D</i>, fold it across the middle, -so as to form the crease <i>E F</i>; unfold it, and fold -it again so that the corner <i>D</i> falls upon the crease -<i>E F</i> at <i>G</i>, and the angle at <i>G</i> is exactly divided. -Again unfold the square, and from <i>G</i> draw the -straight lines <i>G C</i> and <i>G D</i>. Then <i>G C D</i> is the -equilateral triangle required.</p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_26">THE VALUE OF A FRENCHWOMAN</h4> - -<p>How can we be sure that the value of a Frenchwoman -is just 1 franc 8 centimes?</p> - -<p>We can be sure that the exact value of a Frenchwoman -is 1 franc 8 centimes, for</p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Calculation"> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="left">Two Frenchwomen</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">Deux Françaises.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="left top">Deux Françaises</td> -<td class="center top padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">deux francs seize.<br />(2 francs 16).</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left">Therefore, </td> -<td class="left">One Frenchwoman</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">1 franc 8!</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII103">[II-103]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CIII">No. CIII.—CLEARING THE WALL</h4> - -<p>If a 52-feet ladder is set up so as just to clear -a garden wall 12 feet high and 15 feet from the -building, it will touch the house 48 feet from the -ground.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo301.png" alt="Ladder" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Our diagram shows this, and also, by a dotted -line, the only other possible position in which it -could fulfil the conditions, if it were then of any -practical use.</p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_27">A BURDEN OF PINS</h4> - -<p>If one pin could be dropped into a vessel this -week, two the next, four the next, and so on, -doubling each time for a year, the accumulated -quantity would be 4,503,599,627,370,495, and their -weight, if we reckon 200 pins to the ounce, would -amount to 628,292,358 tons, a full load for 27,924 -ships as large as the <i>Great Eastern</i>, whose capacity -was 22,500 tons.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII104">[II-104]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CIV">No. CIV.—MEMORIES OF EUCLID</h4> - -<p>When at the signpost which said “To <i>A</i> -4 miles, to <i>B</i> 9 miles” on one arm, and on the -other “To <i>C</i> 3 miles, to <i>D</i> —— miles,” and the boy -whom I met could only tell me that the farm he -worked at was equidistant from <i>A</i>, <i>B</i>, <i>C</i>, and <i>D</i>, -and nearer to them than to the signpost, and -that all the roads ran straight, I found, thanks -to memories of Euclid, that I was 12 miles -from <i>D</i>.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo302.png" alt="Map" /> -</div> - -<p>Since <i>B A</i> and <i>D C</i> intersect outside the circle -at the signpost <i>E</i>,</p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Euclid"> - -<tr> -<td class="center padr1">therefore</td> -<td class="left"><i>A E</i> × <i>E B</i> = <i>C E</i> × <i>E D</i>.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padr1">but</td> -<td class="left"><i>A E</i> × <i>E B</i> = 4 × 9 = 36,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padr1">therefore</td> -<td class="left"><i>C E</i> × <i>E D</i> = 36,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padr1">and</td> -<td class="left"><i>C E</i> = 3, therefore <i>E D</i> = 12.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="right padr3"><i>Q.E.D.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII105">[II-105]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CV">No. CV.—A TRANSFORMATION</h4> - -<p>This seems to be quite a poor attempt at a -Maltese cross, but there is method in the madness -of its make.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo303.png" alt="Crooked cross" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>It is possible by two straight cuts to divide -this uneven cross into four pieces which can be -arranged together again so that they form a -perfect square. Where must the cuts be made, -and how are the four pieces rearranged?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_28">BREVITY IS THE SOUL OF WIT</h4> - -<p>We all remember that splendidly terse message -of success sent home to the authorities by Napier -when he had conquered the armies of Scinde—“Peccavi!” -(I have sinned).</p> - -<p>History had an excellent opportunity for repeating -itself when Admiral Dewey defeated the -Spaniel fleet, for he might have conveyed the -news of his victory by the one burning word—“Cantharides”—“The -Spanish fly!”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII106">[II-106]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CVI">No. CVI—SHIFTING THE CELLS</h4> - -<p>In the diagram below a square is subdivided -into twenty-five cells.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo304.png" alt="Cells" /> -</div> - -<p>Can you, keeping always on the straight lines, -cut this into four pieces, and arrange these as -two perfect squares, in which every semicircle -still occupies the upper half of its cell?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_29">A HOME-MADE MICROSCOPE</h4> - -<p>The following very simple recipe for a home-made -microscope has been suggested by a Fellow -of the Royal Microscopical <span class="nowrap">Society:—</span></p> - -<p>Take a piece of black card, make a small pinhole -in it, put it close to the eye, and look at -some small object closely, such as the type of a -newspaper. A very decided magnifying power -will be shown thus.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII107">[II-107]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CVII">No. CVII.—IN A TANGLE</h4> - -<p>Where on this diagram must we place twenty-one -pins or dots so that they fall into symmetrical -design and form thirty rows, with three -in each row?</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo305.png" alt="Diagram" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_30">ON ALL FOURS</h4> - -<p>Those who are fond of figures will find it a -most interesting exercise to see how far they are -able to represent every number, from one up to -a hundred, by the use of four fours. Any of the -usual signs and symbols of arithmetic may be -brought into use. Here are a few instances of -what may thus be <span class="nowrap">done:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">3 = <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">4 + 4 + 4</span><span class="bot">4</span></span>; -9 = 4 + 4 + <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">4</span><span class="bot">4</span></span>;</p> - -<p class="center">36 = 4(4 + 4) + 4; -45 = 44 + <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">4</span><span class="bot">4</span></span>;</p> - -<p class="center">52 = 44 + 4 + 4; 60 = 4 × 4 × 4 - 4.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII108">[II-108]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CVIII">No. CVIII.—STILL A SQUARE</h4> - -<p>This figure, which now forms a square, and -the quarter of that square, can be so divided by -two straight lines that its parts, separated and -then reunited, form a perfect square. How is -this done?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo306a.png" alt="Squares" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_31">A MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Here we have arranged five rows of five cards -each, so that no two similar cards are in the same -lines. Counting the ace as eleven, each row, -column, and diagonal adds up to exactly twenty-six.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo306b.png" alt="Playing cards" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>After you have looked at this Magic Square, -and set it out on the table, shuffle the cards, -and try to re-arrange them so as to give the same -results.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII109">[II-109]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CIX">No. CIX.—A TRANSFORMATION</h4> - -<p>Cut a square of paper or cardboard into seven -such pieces as are marked in this diagram.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo307.png" alt="Tangram" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Can you rearrange them so that they form the -figure 8.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_32">A SECRET REVEALED</h4> - -<p>There are several ways in which strange juggling -with figures and numbers is to be done, but -none is more curious than <span class="nowrap">this:—</span></p> - -<p>Ask someone, whose age you do not know, -to write down secretly the date and month of -his birth in figures, to multiply this by 2, to add -5, to multiply by 50, to add his age last birthday -and 365. He then hands you <i>this total only</i> -from this you subtract 615. This reveals to you -at a glance his age and birthday.</p> - -<p>Thus, if he was born April 7 and is 23, 74 (the -day and the month) × 2 = 148; 148 + 5 = 153; -153 × 50 = 7650; 7650 + 23 (his age) = 7673; and -7673 + 365 = 8038. If from this you subtract -615, you have 7423, which represents to you the -<i>seventh day of the fourth month, 23 years age</i>! -This rule works out correctly in all cases.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII110">[II-110]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CX">No. CX.—TO MAKE AN OBLONG</h4> - -<p>Cut out in stiff paper or cardboard two pieces -of the shape and size of the small triangle, and -four pieces of the shapes and sizes of the other -three patterns—fourteen pieces in all.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo308.png" alt="Pieces" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The puzzle is to fit these pieces together so -that they form a perfect oblong.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_33">SLEEPERS THAT SLIP AND SLEEP</h4> - -<p>Here is a string of sentences, which may be -used as stimulating mental gymnastics when we -leave the “Land of Nod.”</p> - -<p>A sleeper runs on sleepers, and in this sleeper -on sleepers sleepers sleep. As this sleeper carries -its sleepers over the sleepers that are under the -sleeper, a slack sleeper slips. This jars the -sleeper and its sleepers, so that they slip and no -longer sleep.</p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_34">DAYS THAT ARE BARRED</h4> - -<p>Clever calculation has established a fact which -we shall not be able to verify by personal experience. -Whatever else may happen, the first -day of a century can never fall on Sunday, -Wednesday, or Friday.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII111">[II-111]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CXI">No. CXI.—SQUARES ON THE CROSS</h4> - -<p>On this cross there are seventeen distinct and -perfect squares marked out at their corners by -asterisks.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo309.png" alt="Cross" /> -</div> - -<p>How few, and which, of these can you remove, -so that not a single perfect square remains?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CXI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_35">STANDING ROOM FOR ALL</h4> - -<p>On a globe 2 feet in diameter the Dead Sea -appears but as a small coloured dot. If it were -frozen over there would be standing room on its -surface for the whole human race, allowing 6 -square feet for each person; and if they were -all suddenly engulfed, it would merely raise the -level of the lake about 4 inches.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII112">[II-112]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CXII">No. CXII.—A CHINESE PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>Here is quite a good exercise for ingenious -brains and fingers. Cut a piece of stiff paper -or cardboard into such a right-angled triangle -as is shown below.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo310.png" alt="Cross" /> -</div> - -<p>Can you divide this into only three pieces, -which, when rearranged, will form the design -given as No. 2?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CXII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_36">A DEAL IN ROSES</h4> - -<p>I sent an order for dwarf roses to a famous -nursery-garden, asking for a parcel of less than -100 plants, and stipulating that if I planted them -3 in a row there should be 1 over; if 4 in a -row 2 over; if 5 in a row 3 over, and if 6 in a -row 4 over, as a condition for payment.</p> - -<p>The nurseryman was equal to the occasion, -charged me for 58 trees, and duly received his -cheque.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII113">[II-113]</span></p> - -<h4 id="OptIllII_CXIII">No. CXIII.—FIRESIDE FUN</h4> - -<p>This puzzle is not so easy of solution as it may -seem at first sight.</p> - -<p>Take a counter, or a coin, and place it on one -of the points; then push it across to the opposite -point, and leave it there. Do this with a second -counter or coin, starting on a vacant point, and -continue this process until every point is covered, -as we place the eighth counter or coin on the last -point.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo311.png" alt="Star puzzle" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllSolII_CXIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="ScienceII_37">A NOVEL EXERCISE</h4> - -<p>“Write down,” said a schoolmaster, “the -nine digits in such order that the first three shall -be one third of the last three, and the central -three the result of subtracting the first three -from the last.”</p> - -<p>The arrangement which satisfies these conditions -is, 219, 438, 657.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII114">[II-114]</span></p> - -<h3>CURIOUS CALCULATIONS</h3> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII1">1.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">There is a sum of money of such sort that -its pounds, shillings, and pence, written down -as one continuous number, represent exactly -the number of farthings which it contains. What -is it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII1">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII2">THE SLIP CARRIAGE</h4> - -<p>2. If on a level track a train, running all the -time at 30 miles an hour, slips a carriage, -which is uniformly retarded by the brakes, and -which comes to rest in 200 yards, how far has -the train itself then travelled?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII2">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII3">3.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A traveller said to the landlord of an inn, -“Give me as much money as I have in my hand, -and I will spend sixpence with you.” This was -done, and the process was twice repeated, when -the traveller had no money left. How much -had he at first?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII3">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII4">4.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">How can we obtain eleven by adding one-third -of twelve to four-fifths of seven?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII4">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII5">FILL IN THE GAPS</h4> - -<p>5. Can you replace the missing figures in this -mutilated long division sum?</p> - -<table class="swarm2" summary="Long division"> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">)</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">(</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td colspan="2" class="bb"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td class="digit bb">5</td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td class="digit bb">5</td> -<td class="bb"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td colspan="2" class="bbd"> </td> -<td class="digit bbd">*</td> -<td class="digit bbd">*</td> -<td class="digit bbd">*</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII5">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII115">[II-115]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII6">6.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">I buy as many heads of asparagus in the -market as can be contained by a string 1 foot -long. Next day I take a string 2 feet long, -and buy as many as it will gird, offering double -the price that I have given before. Was this a -reasonable offer?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII6">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII7">ALIKE FROM EITHER END</h4> - -<p>7. As “one good turn deserves another,” -first reverse me, then reverse my square, then -my cube, then my fourth power. When all this -is done no change has been made. What am I?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII7">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII8">THE SEALED BAGS</h4> - -<p>8. How can a thousand pounds be so conveniently -stored in ten sealed bags that any sum -in pounds from £1 to £1000 can be paid without -breaking any of the seals?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII8">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII9">9.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">This is at once a problem and a <span class="nowrap">puzzle:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though you twist and turn me over,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet no change can you discover.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take me thrice, and cut in twain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You will find but one remain.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII9">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII10">10.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Three gamblers, when they sit down to -play, agree that the loser shall always double -the sum of money that the other two have before -them. After each of them has lost once, it is -found that each has eight sovereigns on the -table. How much money had each at starting?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII10">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII11">FIND THE MULTIPLIER</h4> - -<p>11. When Tom’s back was turned, the boy -sitting next to him rubbed out almost all his<span class="pagenum" id="PageII116">[II-116]</span> -sum. Tom could not remember the multiplier, -and only this remained on his <span class="nowrap">slate—</span></p> - -<table class="curcalc11" summary="Multiplication"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>3</td> -<td>4</td> -<td>5</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>7</td> -<td>6</td> -<td>.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Can you reconstruct the sum?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII11">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII12">JUGGLING WITH THE DIGITS</h4> - -<p>12. The sum of the nine digits is 45. Can you -hit upon other arrangements of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, -8, 9, writing each of them once only, which will -produce the same total. Of course fractions -may be used.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII12">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII13">A BRAIN TWISTER</h4> - -<p>13. The combined ages of Mary and Ann are -forty-four years. Mary is twice as old as Ann -was when Mary was half as old as Ann will be -when Ann is three times as old as Mary was when -Mary was three times as old as Ann. How old, -then, is Mary?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII13">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII14">14.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Mr Oldboy was playing backgammon with -his wife on the eve of his golden wedding, and -could not make up his mind whether he should -leave a blot where it could be taken up by an -ace, or one which a tré would hit.</p> - -<p>His grandson, at home from Cambridge for the -Christmas vacation, solved the question for him -easily. What was his decision?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII14">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII117">[II-117]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII15">“ASK WHERE’S THE NORTH?”—<i>Pope.</i></h4> - -<p>15. I am aboard a steamer, anchored in a bay -where the needle points due north, and exactly -1200 miles from the North Pole. If the course -is perfectly clear, and I steam continuously at -the rate of 20 miles an hour, always steering -north by the compass needle, how long will it -take me to reach the North Pole?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII15">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII16">16.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Three persons, <i>A</i>, <i>B</i>, and <i>C</i>, share twenty-one -wine casks of equal capacity, of which seven -are full, seven are half full, and seven are empty. -How can these be so apportioned that each person -shall have an equal number of casks, and an -equal quantity of wine, without transferring any -of it from cask to cask?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII16">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII17">17.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A hungry mouse, in search of provender, -came upon a box containing ears of corn. He -could carry three ears home at a time, and only -had opportunity to make fourteen journeys to -and fro. How many ears could he add to his -store?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII17">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII18">18.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Take exactly equal quantities of lard and -butter; mix a small piece of the butter intimately -with all the lard. From this blend take a piece -just as large as the fragment removed from the -butter, and mix this thoroughly with the butter. -Is there now more lard in the butter or more -butter in the lard?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII18">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII19">WHERE IS THE FALLACY?</h4> - -<p>19. Here is an apparent proof that 2 = <span class="nowrap">3:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">4 - 10 = 9 - 15</p> - -<p class="center">4 - 10 + <sup>25</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub> = 9 - 15 + <sup>25</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub></p> - -<p class="noindent">and the square roots of <span class="nowrap">these:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">2 - <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> = 3 - <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub></p> - -<p class="noindent">therefore 2 = 3.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII118">[II-118]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII19">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII20">PARCEL POST LIMITATIONS</h4> - -<p>20. Our Parcel Post regulations limit the -length of a parcel to 3 feet 6 inches, and the -length and girth combined to 6 feet. What is -the largest parcel of any size that can be sent -through the post under these conditions?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII20">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII21">21.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">How can we show, or seem to show, that -either four, five, or six nines amount to one -hundred?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII21">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII22">TEST YOUR SKILL</h4> - -<p>22. Can you arrange nine numbers in the -nine cells of a square, the largest number 100, -and the least 1, so that the product by multiplication -of each row, column and diagonal is 1000?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII22">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII23">CATCHING CRABS</h4> - -<p>23. Seven London boys were at the seaside -for a week’s holiday, and during the six week-days -they caught four fine crabs in pools under the -rocks, when the tide was out at Beachy Head.</p> - -<p>Hearing of this, the twenty-one boys of a school -in the neighbourhood determined to explore the -pools; but with the same rate of success they -only caught one large crab. For how long were -they busy searching under the seaweed?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII23">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII24">SETTING A WATCH</h4> - -<p>24. On how many nights could a watch be -set of a different trio from a company of fifteen -soldiers, and how often on these terms could one -of them, John Pipeclay, be included?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII24">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII25">“IMPERIAL CÆSAR”</h4> - -<p>25. If Augustus Cæsar was born on September -23rd, <span class="smcap">B.C.</span> 63, on what day and in what year did -he celebrate his sixty-third birthday, and by -what five-letter symbol can we express the date?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII25">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII119">[II-119]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII26">26.</h4> - -<p class="hinline"><i>A</i> was born in 1847, <i>B</i> in 1874. In what -years have the same two digits served to express -the ages of both, if they are still living?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII26">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII27">THIS SHOULD “AMUSE”</h4> - -<p>27.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A hundred and one by fifty divide,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To this let a cypher be duly applied;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And when the result you can rightly divine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You find that its value is just one in nine.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII27">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII28">OVER THE FERRY</h4> - -<p>28. A man started one Monday morning with -money in his purse to buy goods in a neighbouring -town. He paid a penny to cross the ferry, spent -half of the money he then had, and paid another -penny at the ferry on his return home.</p> - -<p>He did exactly the same for the next five days, -and on Saturday evening reached home with just -one penny in his pocket. How much had he in -his pocket on Monday before he reached the -ferry?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII28">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII29">THE MEN, THE MONKEY, AND THE -MANGOES</h4> - -<p>29. Three men gathered mangoes, and agreed -that next day they would give one to their -monkey and divide the rest equally. The first -who arrived gave one to the monkey, and then -took his proper share; the second came later -and did likewise, and the third later still, neither -knowing that any one had preceded him. Finally -they met, and, as there were still mangoes, gave -one to the monkey, and shared the rest equally. -How many mangoes at least must there have -been if all the divisions were accurate?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII29">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII120">[II-120]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII30">30.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">I look at my watch between four and five, -and again between seven and eight. The hands -have, I find, exactly changed places, so that the -hour-hand is where the minute-hand was, and -the minute-hand takes the place of the hour-hand. -At what time did I first look at my -watch?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII30">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII31">A LARGE ORDER</h4> - -<p>31. There is a number consisting of twenty-two -figures, of which the last is 7. If this is -moved to the first place, the number is increased -exactly sevenfold. Can you discover this lengthy -number?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII31">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII32">32.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A farmer borrowed from a miller a sack -of wheat, 4 feet long and 6 feet in circumference. -He sent in repayment two sacks, each -4 feet long and 3 feet in circumference. -Was the miller satisfied?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII32">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII33">THE FIVE GAMBLERS</h4> - -<p>33. Five gamblers, whom we will call <i>A</i>, <i>B</i>, -<i>C</i>, <i>D</i>, and <i>E</i>, play together, on the condition that -after each hazard he who loses shall give to all -the others as much as they then have in hand.</p> - -<p>Each loses in turn, beginning with <i>A</i>, and when -they leave the table each has the same sum in -hand, thirty-two pounds. How much had each -at first?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII33">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII34">34.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Knowing that the square of 87 is 7569, -how can we rapidly, without multiplication, -determine in succession the squares of 88, 89, -and 90?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII34">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII35">NOT WHOLE NUMBERS</h4> - -<p>35.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two numbers seek which make eleven,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Divide the larger by the less,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The quotient is exactly seven,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As all who solve it will confess.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII35">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII121">[II-121]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII36">AN AMPLE CHOICE</h4> - -<p>36. If there are twenty sorts of things from -which 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 -different selections can be made, how many of -each sort are there?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII36">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII37">37.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Three women, with no money, went to -market. The first had thirty-three apples, the -second twenty-nine, the third twenty-seven. -Each woman sold the same number of apples for -a penny. They all sold out, and yet each received -an equal amount of money. How was -this?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII37">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII38">SIMPLE SUBTRACTION</h4> - -<p>38.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Take five from five, oh, that is mean!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take five from seven, and this is seen.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII38">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII39">39.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If a bun and a half cost three halfpence, -how many do you buy for sixpence?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII39">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII40">40.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">How many times in a day would the -hands of a watch meet each other, if the minute-hand -moved backward and the hour-hand forward?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII40">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII41">41.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">How can half-a-crown be equally divided -between two fathers and two sons so that a penny -is the coin of smallest value given to them?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII41">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII42">SIZE AND SPEED</h4> - -<p>42. If the number of the revolutions of the -wheel of a bicycle in six seconds is equal to the -number of miles an hour at which it is running, -what is the circumference of the wheel?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII42">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII43">43.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Hearing a clock strike, and being uncertain -of the hour, I asked a policeman. He -had a turn for figures, and replied: “Take half, -a third, and a fourth of the hour that has just -struck, and the total will be one larger than that -hour.” What o’clock was it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII43">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII122">[II-122]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII44">AFTER LONG YEARS</h4> - -<p>44.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If cash is lent at five per cent.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To those who choose to borrow,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">How soon shall I be worth a pound<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If I lend a crown to-morrow?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII44">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII45">ON THE JUMP</h4> - -<p>45. If I jump off a table with a 20-lb. dumb-bell -in my hand, what is the pressure upon me -of its weight while I am in the air?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII45">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII46">AT A BAZAAR</h4> - -<p>46. In charitable mood I went recently to a -bazaar where there were four tents arranged to -tempt a purchaser. At the door of each tent -I paid a shilling, and in each tent I spent half of -the money remaining in my purse, giving the -door-keepers each another shilling as I came out.</p> - -<p>It took my last shilling to pay the fourth door-keeper. -How much money had I at first, and -what did I spend in each tent?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII46">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII47">OUT IN THE RAIN</h4> - -<p>47. Rain is falling vertically, at a speed of -5 miles an hour. I am walking through it at -4 miles an hour. At what angle to the vertical -must I hold my umbrella, so that the raindrops -strike its top at right angles?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII47">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII48">A MONKEY PUZZLER</h4> - -<p>48. The following interesting problem, translated -from the original Sanscrit, is given by Longfellow -in his <span class="nowrap">“Kavanagh”:—</span></p> - -<p>“A tree, 100 cubits high, is distant from a -well 200 cubits. From the top of this tree -one monkey descends, and goes to the well.<span class="pagenum" id="PageII123">[II-123]</span> -Another monkey leaps straight upwards from -the top, and then descends to the well by the -hypotenuse. Both pass over an equal space. -How high does the second monkey leap?”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII48">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII49">49.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A steamboat 105 miles east of Tynemouth -Lighthouse springs a leak. She puts back at -once, and in the first hour goes at the rate of -10 miles an hour.</p> - -<p>More and more water-logged, she decreases -her speed each succeeding hour at the rate of -one-tenth of what it has been during the previous -hour. When will she reach the lighthouse?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII49">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII50">50.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If a hen and a half lays an egg and a half -in a day and a half, how many eggs will twenty-one -hens lay in a week?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII50">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII51">51.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If the population of Bristol exceeds by -two hundred and thirty-seven the number of -hairs on the head of any one of its inhabitants, -how many of them at least, if none are bald, -must have the same number of hairs on their -heads?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII51">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII52">52.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A benevolent uncle has in his pocket a -sovereign, a half-sovereign, a crown, a half-crown, -a florin, a shilling, and a threepenny piece. -In how many different ways can he tip his -nephew, using only these coins, and how is this -most easily determined?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII52">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII53">53.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Here is a prime problem, in more senses -than one, which will tax the ingenuity of our -solvers:—I am a prime number of three figures. -Increased by one-third, ignoring fractions, I -become a square number. Transpose my first<span class="pagenum" id="PageII124">[II-124]</span> -two figures and increase me by one-third, and -again I am a square number. Put my first -figure last, and increase me by one-third, and I -am another square number. Reverse my three -figures, and increase as before by one-third, and -for a fourth time I become a square number. -What are my original figures?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII53">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII54">54.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">In how many different ways can six different -things be divided between two boys?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII54">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII55">55.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is quite the highest number that -can be scored at six card cribbage by the dealer, -if he has the power to select all the cards, and to -determine the order in which every card shall be -played?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII55">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII56">COVERING THE WALLS</h4> - -<p>56. A fanciful collector, who bought pictures -with more regard to quantity than quality, gave -instructions that the area of each frame should -exactly equal that of the picture it contained, -and that the frames should be of the same width -all round.</p> - -<p>At an auction he picked up a so-called “old -master,” unframed, which measured 18 inches -by 12 inches. What width of frame will fulfil -his conditions?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII56">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII57">A FAMILY REGISTER</h4> - -<p>57. Our family consists of my mother, a -brother, a sister, and myself. Our average age -is thirty-nine. My mother was twenty when I -was born; my sister is two years my junior, and -my brother is four years younger than she is. -What are our respective ages?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII57">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII125">[II-125]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII58">58.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A spider in a dockyard unwittingly attached -her web to a mechanical capstan 1 foot -in diameter, at the moment when it began to -revolve. To hold her ground she paid out -73 feet of thread, when the capstan stopped, -and she found herself drained of silk.</p> - -<p>To make the best of a bad job she determined -to unwind her thread, walking round and round -the capstan at the end of the stretched thread. -When she had gone a mile in her spiral path she -stopped, tired and in despair. How far was she -then from the end of her task?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII58">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII59">59.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A mountebank at a fair had six dice, each -marked only on one face 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, -respectively. He offered to return a hundredfold -any stake to a player who should turn up -all the six marked faces once in twenty throws. -How far was this from being a fair offer?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII59">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII60">CATS’-MEAT FOR DOGS</h4> - -<p>60.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If ninety groats for twenty cats<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Will furnish three weeks’ fare,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">How many hounds for forty pounds,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Less one, may winter there?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Just ninety days and one assume<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The winter’s space to be;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And note that what five cats consume<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Will serve for dogs but three.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="center">(A groat = 4d.)</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII60">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII61">61.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Two wineglasses of equal size are respectively -half and one-third full of wine. They -are filled up with water, and their contents are -then mixed. Half of this mixture is finally -poured back into one of the wineglasses. What -part of this will be wine and what part will be -water?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII61">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII126">[II-126]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII62">62.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A legend goes that on a stout ship on -which St Peter was carried with twenty-nine -others, of whom fourteen were Christians and -fifteen Jews, he so arranged their places, that -when a storm arose, and it was decided to throw -half of the passengers overboard, all the Christians -were saved. The order was that every ninth -man should be cast into the sea. How did he -place the Christians and the Jews?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII62">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII63">A PROLIFIC COW</h4> - -<p>63. Farmer Southdown was the proud possessor -of a prize cow, which had a fine calf every -year for sixteen years. Each of these calves -when two years old, and their calves also in their -turn, followed this excellent example. How -many head did they thus muster in sixteen years?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII63">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII64">64.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A shepherd was asked how many sheep -he had in his flock. He replied that he could not -say, but he knew that if he counted them by -twos, by threes, by fours, by fives, or by sixes, -there was always one over, but if he counted -them by sevens, there was no remainder. What -is the smallest number that will answer these -conditions?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII64">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII65">READY RECKONING</h4> - -<p>65. If a number of round bullets of equal size -are arranged in rows one above another evenly -graduated till a single bullet crowns the flat -pyramid, how can their number be readily -reckoned, however long the base line may be?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII65">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII127">[II-127]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII66">THE TITHE OF WAR</h4> - -<p>66.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">Old General Host<br /></span> -<span class="i4">A battle lost,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And reckoned on a hissing,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">When he saw plain<br /></span> -<span class="i4">What men were slain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And prisoners, and missing.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">To his dismay<br /></span> -<span class="i4">He learned next day<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What havoc war had wrought;<br /></span> -<span class="i4">He had, at most,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">But half his host<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Plus ten times three, six, ought.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">One-eighth were lain<br /></span> -<span class="i4">On beds of pain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With hundreds six beside;<br /></span> -<span class="i4">One-fifth were dead,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Captives, or fled,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lost in grim warfare’s tide.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">Now, if you can,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Tell me, my man,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What troops the general numbered,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">When on that night<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Before the fight<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The deadly cannon slumbered?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII66">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII128">[II-128]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII67">67.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A farmer sends five pieces of chain, of -three links each, to be made into one continuous -length. He agrees to pay a penny for each link -cut, and a penny for each link joined. What was -the blacksmith entitled to charge if he worked -in the best interest of the <i>farmer</i>?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII67">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII68">68.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">In a parcel of old silver and copper coins -each silver piece is worth as many pence as there -are copper coins, and each copper coin is worth -as many pence as there are silver coins, and the -whole is worth eighteen shillings. How many -are there of each?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII68">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII69">A FEAT WITH FIGURES</h4> - -<p>69. Take the natural numbers 1 to 11, inclusive, -and arrange them in five groups, not -using any of them more than once, so that these -groups are equal. Any necessary signs or indices -may be used.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII69">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII70">HOW OLD WAS JOHN?</h4> - -<p>70. John Bull passed one-sixth of his life in -childhood and one-twelfth as a youth. When -one-seventh of his life had elapsed he had a son -who died at half his father’s age, and John himself -lived on four years more. How old was he at -the last?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII70">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII71">FIGURE IT OUT</h4> - -<p>71. There are two numbers under two thousand, -such that if unity is added to each of them, -or to the half of each, the result is in every case -a square number. Can you find them?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII71">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII72">72.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A cheese in one scale of a balance with -arms of unequal length seems to weigh 16 lbs. -In the other scale it weighs but 9 lbs. What -is its true weight?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII72">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII129">[II-129]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII73">“DIVISION IS AS BAD!”</h4> - -<p>73. Can you divide 100 into two such parts -that if the larger is divided by the lesser the -quotient is also 100?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII73">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII74">74.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">I have marbles in my two side pockets. -If I add one to those in the right-hand pocket, -and multiply its increased contents by the number -it held at first, and then deal in a similar way -with those in the other pocket, the difference -between the two results is 90. If, however, -I multiply the sum of the two original quantities -by the square of their difference, the result is -176. How many marbles had I at first in each -pocket?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII74">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII75">A SURFEIT OF BRIDGE</h4> - -<p>75. A friendly circle of twenty-one persons -agreed to meet each week, five at a time, for an -afternoon of bridge, so long as they could do -so without forming exactly the same party on -any two occasions.</p> - -<p>As a central room had to be hired, it was -important to have some idea as to the length -of time for which they would require it. How -long could they keep up their weekly meetings?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII75">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII76">76.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A herring and a half costs a penny and -a half; what is the price of a dozen?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII76">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII77">77.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What sum of money is in any sense seen -to be the double of itself?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII77">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII78">COMIC ARITHMETIC</h4> - -<p>78. At the close of his lecture upon unknown -quantities, Dr Bulbous Roots, in playful mood, -wrote this puzzle on his <span class="nowrap">blackboard:—</span></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII130">[II-130]</span></p> - -<p>Divide my fifth by my first and you have my -fourth; subtract my first from my fifth and you -have my second; multiply my first by my fourth -followed by my second, and you have my third; -place my second after my first and you have my -third multiplied by my fourth. What am I?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII78">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII79">DROPPED THROUGH THE GLOBE</h4> - -<p>79. If we can imagine the earth at a standstill -for the purpose of our experiment, and if a -perfectly straight tunnel could be bored through -its centre from side to side, what would be the -course of a cannon ball dropped into it from one -end, under the action of gravity?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII79">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII80">LOVE LETTERS</h4> - -<p>80.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A lady to her lover cried,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“How many notes have you of mine?”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Six more I’ve sent,” the youth replied,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“Than I have had of thine.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“But if from one pound ten you take<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The pennies we on stamps have spent,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One eighth their cost you thus will make.”<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How many had they had and sent?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII80">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII81">81.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A man, on the day of his marriage, made -his will, leaving his money thus:—If a son should -be born, two-thirds of the estate to that son -and one-third to the widow. If a daughter -should be born, two-thirds to the widow and one-third -to that daughter. In the course of time -twins were born, a boy and a girl. The man -fell sick and died without making a fresh will. -How ought his estate to be divided in justice to -the widow, son, and daughter?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII81">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII131">[II-131]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII82">82.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">My carpet is 22 feet across. My stride, -either backwards or forwards, is always 2 feet, -and I make a stride every second. If I take -three strides forwards and two backwards -continuously until I cross the carpet, how long -does it take me to reach the end of it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII82">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII83">NO TIME TO BE LOST</h4> - -<p>83. A merchant at Lisbon has an urgent -business call to New York. Taking these places -to be, as they appear on a map of the world, on -the same parallel of latitude, and at a distance -measured along the parallel, of some 3600 miles, -if the captain of a vessel chartered to go there -sails along this parallel, will he be doing the best -that he can for the impatient merchant?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII83">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII84">ROUND THE ANGLES</h4> - -<p>84. Two schoolboys, John and Harry, start -from the right angle of a triangular field, and -run along its sides. John’s speed is to Harry’s -as 13 is to 11.</p> - -<p>They meet first in the middle of the opposite -side, and again 32 yards from their starting -point. How far was it round the field?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII84">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII85">AN ECHO FROM THE PAST</h4> - -<p>85. The following question is given and spelt -exactly as it was contributed to a puzzle column -by “John Hill, Gent.,” in <span class="nowrap">1760:—</span></p> - -<p>“A vintner has 2 sorts of wine, viz. A and B, -which if mixed in equal parts a flagon of mixed -will cost 15 pence; but if they be mixed in a -<i>sesqui-alter</i> proportion, as you should take two -flagons of A as often as you take three of B, a -flagon will cost 14 pence. Required the price of -each wine singly.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII85">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII132">[II-132]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII86">PROMISCUOUS CHARITY</h4> - -<p>86. A man met a beggar and gave him half -the money he had in his pocket, and a shilling -besides. Meeting another he gave him half of -what was left and two shillings, and to a third, -he gave half of the remainder and three shillings. -This left a shilling in his pocket. How much -had he at first?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII86">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII87">87.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A young clerk wishes to start work at an -office in the City on January 1st. He has two -promising offers, one from <i>A</i> of £100 a year, with -a yearly rise of £20, the other from <i>B</i> of £100 -a year with a half-yearly rise of £5. Which -should he accept, and why?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII87">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII88">HOW CAN I PAY MY BILL?</h4> - -<p>88. I have an abundance of florins and half-crowns, -but no other coins. In how many different -ways can I pay my tailor £11, 10s. without -receiving change?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII88">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII89">89.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A monkey climbing up a greased pole -ascends 3 feet and slips down 2 feet in -alternate seconds till he reaches the top. If the -pole is 60 feet high, how long does it take him -to arrive there?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII89">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII90">“SAFE BIND, SAFE FIND”</h4> - -<p>90. Old Adze, the village carpenter, who kept -his tools in an open chest, found that his neighbours -sometimes borrowed and forgot to return -them.</p> - -<p>To guard against this, he secured the lid of the -chest with a letter lock, which carried six revolving -rings, each engraved with twelve different -letters. What are the chances against any one -discovering the secret word formed by a letter -on each ring, which will open the lock, and be -the only key to the puzzle?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII90">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII133">[II-133]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII91">91.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Five merry married couples happened to -meet at a Swiss hotel, and one of the husbands -laughingly proposed that they should dine together -at a round table, with the ladies always -in the same places so long as the men could seat -themselves each between two ladies, but never -next to his own wife. How long would their -nights at the round table be continued under -these conditions?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII91">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII92">SOUNDING THE DEPTH</h4> - -<p>92. In calm water the tip of a stiff rush is 9 -inches above the surface of a lake. As a steady -wind rises it is gradually blown aslant, until at -the distance of a yard it is submerged. Can you -decide from these data the depth of the water -in which the rush grows?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII92">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII93">AMINTA’S AGE</h4> - -<p>93.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If to Aminta’s age exact<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Its square you add, and eighteen more,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And from her age its third subtract,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And to the difference add three score,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The latter to the former then<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Will just the same proportion bear<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As eighteen does to nine times ten.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Can you Aminta’s age declare?<br /></span> -</div> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII93">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII94">ONE FOR THE PARROT</h4> - -<p>94. A bag of nuts was to be divided thus -among four boys:—Dick took a quarter, and -finding that there was one over when he made -the division, gave it to the parrot. Tom dealt in -exactly the same way with the remainder, as did -Jack and Harry in their turns, each finding one -nut from the reduced shares to spare for the<span class="pagenum" id="PageII134">[II-134]</span> -parrot. The final remainder was equally divided -among the boys, and again there was one for the -bird. How many nuts, at the lowest estimate, -did the bag contain?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII94">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII95">95.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Here is an easy <span class="nowrap">one:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If five times four are thirty-three,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What will the fourth of twenty be?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII95">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII96">96.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What fraction of a pound, added to the -same fraction of a shilling, and the same fraction -of a penny, will make up exactly one pound?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII96">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII97">MENTAL ARITHMETIC</h4> - -<p>97. “Now, boys!” said Dr Tripos, “I think -of a number, add 3, divide by 2, add 8, multiply -by 2, subtract 2, and thus arrive at twice the -number I thought of.” What was it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII97">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII98">98.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Two club friends, <i>A</i> and <i>B</i>, deposit similar -stakes with <i>C</i>, and agree that whoever first wins -three games at billiards shall take the whole of -them. <i>A</i> wins two games and <i>B</i> wins one. Upon -this they determine to divide the stakes in proper -shares. How must this division be arranged?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII98">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII99">99.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Not so simple as it sounds is the following -compact little problem:—If I run by motor from -London to Brighton at 10 miles an hour, and -return over the same course at 15 miles an hour, -what is my average speed?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII99">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII100">100.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">“I can divide my sheep,” says Farmer -Hodge, who from his schooldays had a turn for -figures, “into two unequal parts, so that the -larger part added to the square of the smaller -part shall be equal to the smaller part added to -the square of the larger part.”</p> - -<p>How many sheep had the farmer?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII100">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII135">[II-135]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII101">A HELPFUL BURDEN</h4> - -<p>101. The following question was proposed in -an old book of Mathematical Curiosities published -more than a hundred years <span class="nowrap">ago:—</span></p> - -<p>“It often happens that if we take two horses, -in every respect alike, yet, if both are put to the -draught, that horse which is most loaded shall -be capable of performing most work; so that -the horse which carries the heavier weight can -draw the larger load. How is this?”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII101">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII102">102.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">In the king’s treasury were six chests. -Two held sovereigns, two shillings, and two pence, -in equal numbers of these coins. “Pay my -guard,” said the king, “giving an equal share to -each man, and three shares to the captain; give -change if necessary.” “It may not be possible,” -replied the treasurer, “and the captain may -claim four shares.” “Tut, tut,” said the king, -“it can be done whatever the amount of the -treasure, and whether the captain has three -shares or four.”</p> - -<p>Was the king right? If so, how many men -were there in the guard?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII102">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII103">NUTS TO CRACK</h4> - -<p>103. I bought a parcel of nuts at forty-nine -for twopence. I divided it into two equal parts, -one of which I sold at twenty-four, the other at -twenty-five for a penny. I spent and received -an integral number of pence, but bought the -least possible number of nuts. How many did -I buy? What did they cost? What did I gain?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII103">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII104">MONEY MATTERS</h4> - -<p>104. My purse contained sovereigns and shillings. -After I had spent half of its contents -there were as many pounds left as I had shillings -at first. With what sum did I start?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII104">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII136">[II-136]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII105">A DELICATE QUESTION</h4> - -<p>105. A lady was asked her age in a letter, and -she replied by postcard <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If first my age is multiplied by three,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And then of that two-sevenths tripled be,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The square root of two-ninths of this is four,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now tell my age, or never see me more!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>What was her age?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII105">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII106">106.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If cars run at uniform speed on the -twopenny tube, from Shepherd’s Bush to the -Bank at intervals of two minutes, how many shall -I meet in half an hour if I am travelling from -the Bank to Shepherd’s Bush?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII106">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII107">PAYMENT BY RESULTS</h4> - -<p>107. What would it cost me to keep my word -if I were to offer my greengrocer a farthing for -every different group of ten apples he could -select from a basket of a hundred apples?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII107">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII108">108.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If the minute-hand of a clock moves -round <i>in the opposite direction</i> to the hour-hand, -what will be the real time between three and -four, when the hands are exactly together?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII108">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII109">109.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Two monkeys have stolen some filberts -and some walnuts. As they begin their feast -they see the owner of the garden coming with a -stick. It will take him two and a half minutes -to reach them. There are twice as many filberts -as walnuts, and one monkey finishes the walnuts -at the rate of fifteen a minute in four-fifths of -the time and bolts. The other manages to finish -the filberts just in time.</p> - -<p>If the walnut monkey had stopped to help -him till all was finished, when would they have -got away if they ate filberts at equal rates?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII109">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII137">[II-137]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII110">110.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A cashier, in payment for a cheque, gives -by mistake pounds for shillings and shillings for -pounds. The receiver spends half-a-crown, and -then finds that he has twice as much as the -cheque was worth. What was its value?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII110">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII111">111.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What five uneven figures can be added -together so as to make up 14?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII111">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII112">112.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Three posts which vary in value are -vacant in an office. In how many ways can the -manager fill these up from seven clerks who apply -for the appointments?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII112">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII113">113.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">“It is now <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>11</sub> of the time to midnight,” -said the fasting man, who began his task at noon. -What time was it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII113">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII114">A STRIKING TIME</h4> - -<p>114. If a clock takes six seconds to strike six -how long will it take to strike eleven?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII114">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII115">WHAT ARE THE ODDS?</h4> - -<p>115. How would you arrange twenty horses -in three stalls so as to have an odd number of -horses in each stall?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII115">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII116">116.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Here is a pretty little problem, which has -at any rate an Algebraic form, and is exceedingly -<span class="nowrap">ingenious:—</span></p> - -<p>Given <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>c</i>, to find <i>q</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII116">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII117">WHEN WAS HE BORN?</h4> - -<p>117. Tom Evergreen was asked his age by -some men at his club on his birthday in 1875. -“The number of months,” he said, “that I have -lived are exactly half as many as the number -which denotes the year in which I was born.” -How old was he?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII117">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII138">[II-138]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII118">118.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Draw three circles of any size, and in any -position, so long as they do not intersect, or lie -one within another. How many different circles -can be drawn touching all the three?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII118">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII119">119.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">We have seen that the nine digits can -be so dealt with, using each once, as to add up -to 100. How can 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 be -arranged so that they form a sum which is equal -to 1?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII119">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII120">120.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">How is it possible, by quite a simple -method, to find the sum of the first fifty numbers -without actually adding them together?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII120">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII121">121.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Two tram-cars, <i>A</i> and <i>B</i>, start at the -same time. <i>A</i> runs into a “lie by” in four -minutes, and waits there five minutes, when <i>B</i> -meets and passes it. Both complete the whole -course at the same moment. In what time can -<i>A</i> complete it without a rest?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII121">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII122">A CURIOUS DEDUCTION</h4> - -<p>122. Take 10, double it, deduct 10, and tell me -what remains.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII122">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII123">123.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">The average weight of the Oxford crew -is increased by 2 lbs., when one of them, who -weighs 12 stone, is replaced by a fresh man. -What is the fresh man’s weight?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII123">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII124">ASK ANY MOTORIST</h4> - -<p>124. A motor car is twice as old as its tyres -were when it was as old as its tyres are. When -these tyres are as old as the car is now, the united<span class="pagenum" id="PageII139">[II-139]</span> -ages of car and tyres will be two years and a -quarter. What are their respective ages now?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII124">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII125">125.</h4> - -<p class="hinline"><i>A</i> and <i>B</i> on the edge of a desert can each -carry provisions for himself for twelve days. -How far into the desert can an advance be made, -so that neither of them misses a day’s food?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII125">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII126">126.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A bottle of medicine and its cork cost -half-a-crown, but the bottle and the medicine cost -two shillings and a penny more than the cork. -What did the cork cost?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII126">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII127">IN A FIX</h4> - -<p>127. A boat’s crew are afloat far from land -with no sail or oars. How can they, without -making any use of wind or stream, and without -any outside help, regain the shore by means of -a coil of rope which happens to be at hand.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII127">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII128">128.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is the largest sum in silver that I -can have in my pockets without being able -to give change for a half-sovereign.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII128">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII129">129.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">I have apples in a basket. Without -cutting an apple I give half of the number and -half an apple to one person; half of what then -remains and half an apple to another, and half -of what are still left and half an apple to a third. -One apple now remains in the basket. How -many were there at first?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII129">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII130">A QUEER DIVISION</h4> - -<p>130.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A third of twelve divide<br /></span> -<span class="i2">By just a fifth of seven;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And you will soon decide<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That this must give eleven.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII130">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII140">[II-140]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII131">131.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A motor goes 9 miles an hour uphill, -18 miles an hour downhill, and 12 miles an hour -on the level. How long will it take to run 50 -miles and return at once over the same course?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII131">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII132">132.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">In firing at a mark <i>A</i> hits it in two out -of three shots, <i>B</i> in three out of four, and <i>C</i> in -four out of five. The mark was hit 931 times. -If each fired the same number of shots, how many -hits did each make, and how many shots were -fired?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII132">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII133">133.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">If a cat and a dog, evenly matched in -speed, run a race out and back over a course -75 yards in all, and the dog always takes -5 feet at a bound and the cat 3 feet, which -will win?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII133">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII134">IN A FOG</h4> - -<p>134. In a fog a man caught up a wagon going -in the same direction at 3 miles an hour. If -the wagon was just visible to him at a distance -of 55 yards, and he could see it for five -minutes, at how many miles an hour was he -walking?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII134">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII135">135.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Three horses start in a race. In how -many different ways can they be placed by the -judge?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII135">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII136">NEW ZEALAND FOOTBALL</h4> - -<p>136. The New Zealanders, winning a match -against Oxbridge, scored 34 points, from tries -and tries converted into goals.</p> - -<p>If every try had been converted they would -have made four-fifths of the maximum which a -score of 34 points from tries and goals can yield.</p> - -<p>What is this maximum, and what was their -actual score?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII136">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII141">[II-141]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII137">137.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is the smallest number, of which -the alternate figures are cyphers, that is divisible -by 9 and by 11?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII137">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII138">138.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Here is an interesting little problem:—<i>A</i>, -with 8d. in his hand, meets <i>B</i> and <i>C</i>, who have -five and three loaves respectively. In hungry -mood they all agree to share the loaves equally, -and to divide the money fairly between <i>B</i> and -<i>C</i>. How much does each receive?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII138">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII139">THE MONEY-BOXES</h4> - -<p>139. When four money-boxes, containing pennies -only, were opened and counted, it was found -that the number in the first with half those -in all the others, in the second with a third -of all the others, in the third with a fourth of all -the others, and in the fourth with a fifth of all -the others, amounted in each case to 740. How -much money did the boxes contain, and how was -it divided?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII139">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII140">140.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Two steamers start together to make a -trip to a far-off buoy and back. Steamer <i>A</i> runs -all the time at 10 miles an hour. Steamer <i>B</i> -does the passage out at 8 miles an hour, and -the return at 12 miles. Will they regain port -together?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII140">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII141">141.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A golf player has two clubs mended in -London. One has a new head, the other a new -leather face. The head costs four times as much -as the face. At St Andrews it costs five times -as much, and the leather face at St Andrews is -half the London price. Including a shilling for -a ball he pays twice the St Andrews charges for -these repairs. What is the London charge for -each?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII141">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII142">[II-142]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII142">FROM TWO WRONGS TO MAKE A RIGHT</h4> - -<p>142. Two children were asked to give the total -number of animals in a pasture, where sheep -and cattle were grazing. They were told the -numbers of sheep and of cattle, but one subtracted, -and gave 100 as the answer, and the -other arrived at 11,900 by multiplication. What -was the correct total?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII142">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII143">THE STONE CARRIER</h4> - -<p>143. Fifty-two stones are placed at intervals -along a straight road. The distance between -the first and the second is 1 yard, between the -second and the third it is 3 yards, between -the next two 5 yards, and so on, the intervals -increasing each time by 2 yards.</p> - -<p>How far would a tramp have to travel to earn -five shillings promised to him when he had brought -them one by one to a basket placed at the first stone?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII143">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII144">144.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">On a division in the House of Commons, -if the Ayes had been increased by fifty from the -Noes, the motion would have been carried by -five to three. If the Noes had received sixty -votes from the Ayes, it would have been lost by -four to three. Did the motion succeed? How -many voted?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII144">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII145">A WATCH PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>145. How many positions are there on the face -of a watch in which the places of the hour and -minute-hands can be interchanged so as still to -indicate a possible time?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII145">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII146">CRICKET SCORES</h4> - -<p>146. In a cricket match the scores in each successive -innings are a quarter less than in the -preceding innings. The match was played out, -and the side that went in first won by fifty runs. -What was the complete score?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII146">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII143">[II-143]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII147">HOW HIGH CAN YOU THROW?</h4> - -<p>147. A boy throws a cricket ball vertically -upwards, and catches it as it falls just five seconds -later. How high from his hands does the ball -go?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII147">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII148">MEASURE THE CARPET</h4> - -<p>148. It may be said of a section of the gigantic -carpet at Olympia that had it been 5 feet broader -and 4 feet longer it would have contained 116 -more feet; but if 4 feet broader and 5 longer -the increase would have been but 113 feet. What -were its actual breadth and length?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII148">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII149">149.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">In estimating the cost of a hundred -similar articles, the mistake was made of reading -pounds for shillings and shillings for pence in -each case, and under these conditions the estimated -cost was £212 18s. 4d. in excess of the real -cost. What was the true cost of the articles?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII149">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII150">SQUARES IN STREETS</h4> - -<p>150. The square of the number of my house -is equal to the difference of the squares of the -numbers of my next door neighbour’s houses on -either side.</p> - -<p>My brother, who lives in the next street, can -say the same of the number of his house, though -his number is not the same as mine. How are -our houses numbered?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII150">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII151">151.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Two men of unequal strength are set -to move a block of marble which weighs 270 lbs., -using for the purpose a light plank 6 feet long. -The stronger man can carry 180 lbs. How must -the block be placed so as to allow him just that -share of the weight?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII151">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII144">[II-144]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII152">152.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A man has twenty coins, of which some -are shillings and the rest half-crowns. If he were -to change the half-crowns for sixpences and the -shillings for pence he would have 156 coins. How -many shillings has he?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII152">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII153">COUNT THE COINS</h4> - -<p>153. Some coins are placed at equal distances -apart on a table, so that they form the sides of -an equilateral triangle.</p> - -<p>From the middle of each side as many are then -taken as equal the square root of the number on -that side, and placed on the opposite corner -coin. The number of coins on each side is then -to the original number as 5 is to 4. How many -coins are there in all?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII153">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII154">PUTTING IN THE POSTS</h4> - -<p>154. A gardener, wishing to fence round a -piece of ground with some light posts, found that -if he set them a foot apart there would be 150 -too few, but if placed a yard apart there would -be 70 to spare. How many posts had he?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII154">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII155">155.</h4> - -<p class="hinline"><i>A</i> gives <i>B</i> £100 to buy 100 animals, -which must be cows at £5 each, sheep at £1, and -geese at 1s. How many of each sort can he buy?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII155">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII156">156.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">John is twice as old as Mary was when -he was as old as Mary is. John is now twenty-one. -How old is Mary?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII156">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII157">157.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">In a cricket match <i>A</i> made 35 runs; -<i>C</i> and <i>D</i> made respectively half and one-third -as many as <i>B</i>, and <i>B</i>’s score was as much below -<i>A</i>’s as <i>C</i>’s was above <i>D</i>’s. What did <i>B</i>, <i>C</i>, and -<i>D</i> each score?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII157">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII145">[II-145]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII158">SETTLED BY REMAINDERS</h4> - -<p>158. What is the least number which, divided -by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, leaves respectively -as remainders 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII158">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII159">TABLE TURNING</h4> - -<p>159. A square table stands on four legs, which -are set at the middle point of its sides. What -is the greatest weight that this table can uphold -upon one of its corners?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII159">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII160">BRIBING THE BOYS</h4> - -<p>160. Well pleased with the inspector’s report, -the rector of a country parish came into his school -with 99 new pennies in his pocket, and said that -he would give them to the five boys in Standard -VII. if they could, within an hour, show him how -to divide them so that the first share should -exceed the second by 3, be less than the third by -10, be greater than the fourth by 9, and less than -the fifth by 16. What was the answer which -would satisfy these conditions?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII160">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII161">SHEEP-STEALING</h4> - -<p>161. Some Indian raiders carried off a third -of a flock of sheep, and a third of a sheep. Another -party took a fourth of what remained, and a -fourth of a sheep. Others took a fifth of the rest -and three-fifths of a sheep. What was the -number of the full flock, if there were then 409 -left?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII161">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII162">162.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Three boys begin to fill a cistern. <i>A</i> -brings a pint at the end of every three minutes, -<i>B</i> a quart every five minutes, and <i>C</i> a gallon -every seven minutes. If the cistern holds fifty-three -gallons, in what time will it be filled, and -who will pour in the last contribution?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII162">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII146">[II-146]</span></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII163">ESTIMATE OF AGE</h4> - -<p>163. A man late in the last century said that -his age was the square root of the year in which -he was born. In what year did he say this?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII163">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII164">A DEAL IN CHINA</h4> - -<p>164. A dealer in Eastern curios sold a Satzuma -vase for £119, and on calculation found that the -number which expressed his profit per cent. expressed -also the cost price in pounds of the vase. -What was this number?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII164">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII165">165.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is the chance of throwing at least -one ace in a single throw with a pair of dice?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII165">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII166">166.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A thief starts running from a country -house as fast as he can. Four minutes later a -policeman starts in pursuit. If both run straight -along the road, and the policeman gets over the -ground one-third faster than the thief, how soon -will he catch him?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII166">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="CurCalcII167">167.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Twenty-seven articles are exposed for -sale on one of the stalls of a bazaar. What choice -has a purchaser?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII167">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="CurCalcII168">VERY PERSONAL</h4> - -<p>168. “How old are <i>you</i>, dad?” said Nellie on -her birthday, as her father gave her as many -shillings as she was years old. His answer was -quite a puzzle for a time, but with the help of -her schoolfellows Nellie worked it out.</p> - -<p>This is what he <span class="nowrap">said:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“I was twice as old as you are<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The day that you were born.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You will be just what I was then<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When fourteen years are gone.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>How old was Nellie, and how old was her dad?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcSolII168">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII147">[II-147]</span></p> - -<h3>WORD AND LETTER -PUZZLES</h3> - -<h4>A MAGIC COCOON</h4> - -<p>This Magic Cocoon is so cleverly spun that the -word can be traced and read in many ways.</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Cocoon"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>How many readings can you discover starting -from one or other of the Cs, and passing up and -down or sideways, but not diagonally, and never -over the same letter twice in a reading? There -are 756!</p> - -<h4>THE CHRONOGRAM</h4> - -<p>The Chronogram, severely classed by Addison -as “a species of false wit” is a sentence in which -the salient letters represent in Roman numerals -some particular year. A good English specimen -is this: “My Day Closed Is In Immortality.” -The capital letters in these words give MDCIII., -or 1603, the year in which Queen Elizabeth died.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII148">[II-148]</span></p> - -<h4>A FRENCH CHRONOGRAM</h4> - -<p>The battle-cry at Montlhéry in 1465 was:—“à -CheVaL, à CheVaL, gendarMes, à CheVaL!” -Taking the letters printed in <span class="nowrap">capitals—</span></p> - -<table class="montlhery" summary="Chronogram"> - -<tr> -<td class="numeral">M</td> -<td class="center">=</td> -<td class="year">1000</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="numeral">CCC</td> -<td class="center">=</td> -<td class="year">300</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="numeral">LLL</td> -<td class="center">=</td> -<td class="year">150</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="numeral">VVV</td> -<td class="center">=</td> -<td class="year">15</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="left">we have the date of the battle</td> -<td class="year"><span class="bt">1465</span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4>A NOTABLE CHRONOGRAM</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">QVI CHRISTI IAVDES CANTANT<br /></span> -<span class="i0">SANCTÆ PASSIONIS SVÆ VIRTVTE<br /></span> -<span class="i0">IN IPSO ET PATRE VNVM SINT.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>This curious inscription is placed over the -organ at Ober Ammergau. Add together its -Roman numerals and they give the date at which -the organ was dedicated. The English of it <span class="nowrap">is:—</span></p> - -<p>May those who sing the praises of Christ be -by virtue of His Sacred Passion one in The -Father and in Himself.</p> - -<h4>A PERFECT CHRONOGRAM</h4> - -<p>On a damaged inscription to Bishop Berkeley -in Winchester Cathedral are the words—VIXI, -LVXI—I have lived, I have shone. Added -together in their values as Roman numerals the -letters of these two words give his age exactly -at his death—eighty-three.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII149">[II-149]</span></p> - -<h4>A PRIZE MOTTO</h4> - -<p>On the return of the C.I.V. from the Boer War -a prize was offered by <i>Truth</i> for the best motto -appropriate to them. This was to consist of -three words of which the first must begin with -C the second with I and the third with V.</p> - -<p>The prize was taken by the following Latin -motto which is singularly happy both in construction -and in <span class="nowrap">meaning:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Motto"> - -<tr> -<td class="center">CIVI</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">IVI</td> -<td class="center">VICI</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center"><i>I roused</i></td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"><i>I went</i></td> -<td class="center"><i>I won.</i></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The sequence of events is perfect; no letters -but C.I.V. are used and the motto is a palindrome -if read by syllables.</p> - -<h4>THE MUSICAL SCALE</h4> - -<p>As in olden days some of the Psalms and other -writings were constructed in acrostic form, so -in the Middle Ages even serious writers would -juggle with letters, as though they felt that such -tricky methods were an aid to memory.</p> - -<p>It was in this spirit that Guido Aretino, a -Benedictine monk of Tuscany in 1204, gave -names to the notes used in the musical scale -from the first syllables of the lines of a Latin -hymn. “Ut” is still used in France, though -we and the Italians have substituted “do.”</p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Scale"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">UT queant laxis</td> -<td class="left padl1">REsonare fibris,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">MIra gestorum</td> -<td class="left padl1">FAmuli tuorum,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">SOLve polutis</td> -<td class="left padl1">LAbii reatis</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="center">O Pater alme!</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4>ALL THE ALPHABET!</h4> - -<p>Many of us know that there is a long verse in -the Book of Ezra in which all the letters of the<span class="pagenum" id="PageII150">[II-150]</span> -alphabet are used, taking “j” as “i” (<i>Ezra</i> vii., -v. 21).</p> - -<p>This very curious coincidence also occurs in a -comparatively short sentence in “The Beth Book,” -by Sarah Grand:—“It was an exquisitely deep -blue just then, with filmy white clouds drawn up -over it like gauze;” and here “j” is itself in -evidence.</p> - -<h4>APT ALLITERATION</h4> - -<p>Schopenhauer, the famous German philosopher, -who was a confirmed bachelor and misogynist, -was compelled while living at Frankfort to support -an old lady who had been crippled by his -violence. When her death came as a welcome -relief to him, he composed the following clever -<span class="nowrap">epitaph:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Obit anus,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Abit onus.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">which by the interchange of two letters pictured -the position. It may be freely <span class="nowrap">rendered:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Old lady dies,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My burden flies.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>A DOUBLE SEQUENCE</h4> - -<p>The following clever composition, which appeared -in the pages of <i>Truth</i>, contains a <i>double</i> -sequence of words, which increase a letter at a -time, the same letters appearing in varied order -until at last “o” culminates in <i>thornless</i>, and -“a” in <i>restrainest</i>. It is quite a remarkable -<i>tour-de-force</i>.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">O lack-<i>a</i>-day! <i>at</i> eve we <i>sat</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">One <i>star</i> had lit its lamps <i>on</i> high.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We did <i>not note</i> the circling bat,<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Start</i> from the <i>stone</i> when flitting nigh.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For the <i>strait</i> gate of <i>honest</i> doubt<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Shut off the <i>thrones</i> of Love and Gain;<br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageII151">[II-151]</span> -<span class="i0">We dreamed not, as we mourned without,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That Time’s swift <i>transit shortens</i> pain.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">O Thou, Who <i>trainest</i> souls to shine,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Though once we craved a <i>thornless</i> lot,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This gracious truth we now divine:<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The bruised reed Thou <i>strainest</i> not;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But by <i>restraints</i>, that gently tame;<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Restrainest</i> Passion’s kindling flame.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>THE REIGN OF TERROR</h4> - -<p>During the Reign of Terror, France and her -people and position were thus alphabetically -<span class="nowrap">described:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="French people"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">Le peuple Français</td> -<td class="right">A B C.</td> -<td class="left padl2">(abaissé).</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">La gloire nationale</td> -<td class="right">F A C.</td> -<td class="left padl2">(effacée).</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">Les places fortes</td> -<td class="right">O Q P.</td> -<td class="left padl2">(occupées).</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">Quarante trois députés</td> -<td class="right">C D.</td> -<td class="left padl2">(cédés).</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">L’armée</td> -<td class="right">D P C.</td> -<td class="left padl2">(dépaysée).</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">Les ministres</td> -<td class="right">A J.</td> -<td class="left padl2">(agés).</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">La liberté</td> -<td class="right">O T.</td> -<td class="left padl2">(ôtée).</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">La charte</td> -<td class="right">L U D.</td> -<td class="left padl2">(éludée).</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4>SEE-SAW</h4> - -<p>This elaborate method of piling up no less -than seven consecutive “thats,” so that they -make tolerable sense, was told to his boys during -school-time by Dr Moberly, then headmaster of -Winchester, and afterwards Bishop of Salisbury, -just fifty years <span class="nowrap">ago:—</span></p> - -<p class="hind24">I saw that C saw.</p> - -<p class="hind24">C saw that that I saw.</p> - -<p class="hind24">I saw that that that C saw was so.</p> - -<p class="hind24">C saw that, that that that I saw was so.</p> - -<p class="hind24">I saw that, that <i>that</i> that that C saw was so.</p> - -<p class="hind24">C saw <i>that</i> that, that <i>that</i> that that I saw was so.</p> - -<p class="hind24">I saw <i>that</i> that, that <i>that</i> that that <i>that</i> C saw was so.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII152">[II-152]</span></p> - -<h4>FOR A ROMAN HOLIDAY</h4> - -<p>If the Roman ladies and children, at their -equivalent for Christmas, amused themselves by -acting verbal charades, an excellent word was -at their disposal, “sustineamus”—“let us endure,” -which can be broken up exactly into <i>sus</i>, -<i>tinea</i>, <i>mus</i>—<i>a sow</i>, <i>a moth</i>, <i>a mouse</i>.</p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII1">A WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>1. Can you complete this word square, so that -its four words read alike from top to bottom and -from left to right?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII1">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII2">ANOTHER WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>2. Can you fill in this word square?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>C</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>C</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII2">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII3">DUPLICATE LETTERS</h4> - -<p>3. In this sentence, when complete,</p> - -<p class="center">So * * * * AG * * * * LATI * * * * X * * * * ITH</p> - -<p class="noindent">each group of four missing letters contains two -pairs of letters which are alike. Can you on -these lines complete the sentence?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII153">[II-153]</span></p> - -<p>Here is a similar sentence by way of illustration:</p> - -<p class="center">T * * * * M * * * * TERTAIN * * * * MUND,</p> - -<p class="noindent">which becomes when filled <span class="nowrap">in—</span></p> - -<p class="center">T<i>wo</i> <i>wo</i>m<i>en</i> <i>en</i>tertain<i>ed</i> <i>Ed</i>mund.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII3">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII4">ANOTHER WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>4. Can you complete this word square by substituting -letters for the dots?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>W</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII4">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII5">WORD BUILDING</h4> - -<p>5. What word can be made with these?</p> - -<p class="center">L S D U D O D U D.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII5">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="WordLetterII6">6.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">A lovelorn youth consulted a married lady -on his condition, and was asked by her on a slip -of <span class="nowrap">paper:—</span></p> - -<p class="center highline15">“Loruve?”</p> - -<p>When he had deciphered this, and had answered -in the affirmative, she handed to him another -slip, on which this advice was <span class="nowrap">written:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Message"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>L</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr2">“Prove</td> -<td>A</td> -<td> </td> -<td>F</td> -<td class="left padl2">and ensure success.”</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>D</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>What did it all mean?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII6">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII7">A DOUBLE ACROSTIC</h4> - -<p>7.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0"><i>Saint of Spain, whose daily word</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Twenty years hath London heard!</i><br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageII154">[II-154]</span> -<span class="i0">Sweet days, elastic metal, motion sharp.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My halls once echoed to an Irish harp.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The “son of sorrow,” honourable of yore.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dread goddess, loosing the loud dogs of war.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Time’s atom—total of eternities.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This name an insect bears, a patriot bore.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“So do, yet hear me,” said Themistocles.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII7">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII8">ANOTHER WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>8. Can you complete this word square?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>M</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>N</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII8">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII9">A FRENCH ORACLE</h4> - -<p>9. A spruce young Frenchman at a <i>fête</i> -consulted a modern oracle as to how he could -best please the ladies. This was the mystic -<span class="nowrap">response:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">MEC <span class="padl2 padr2">DO</span> BIC.</p> - -<p>Can you interpret it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII9">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII10">A QUAINT EQUATION</h4> - -<p>10. In our young days we have often wrestled -with vulgar fractions, but apart from Algebra -we have had no serious concern with any in which -letters take the place of figures. A specimen of -this sort, not known to science, is the following -<span class="nowrap">curiosity:—</span></p> - -<p class="center"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> m </span> -<span class="bot">ot </span></span></span> -<span class="bot"> y </span></span><span class="down50pc"> = mo.</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII10">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII155">[II-155]</span></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="WordLetterII11">11.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">The puzzle in <i>Truth</i> was recently founded -upon “ourang-outang,” which had been cleverly -buried. We will give a few of the best results. -This is <span class="nowrap">one:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Poor wretch! a moisture filled his eye,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“Do not rebuff a lonely boy,”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Said he, “If ere I sink and die<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Your smile—O! pardon will be joy!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Another <span class="nowrap">is:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though I jump, and row, and run,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cap or cup I never won.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>What animals are buried in these lines?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII11">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII12">LIKE A PEACOCK’S TAIL</h4> - -<p>12.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Fourteen letters here we fix,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Vowels only two are spoken;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All together these we mix<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Into what can not be broken.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII12">Solution</a></p> - - -<h4 id="WordLetterII13">A WEIRD WORD</h4> - -<p>13. There is an English word of thirteen -letters in which the same vowel occurs four times, -the same consonant six times, another consonant -twice, and another once. Can you hit upon it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII13">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII14">A CONDENSED PROVERB</h4> - -<p>14. Though brevity is said to be the soul of -wit, we are too often flooded nowadays with a -superabundance of words.</p> - -<p>Here is an attempt at modest condensation. -A familiar English proverb is quite clearly expressed -to the solver’s seeing eyes in this brief -<span class="nowrap">phrase:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">WE <span class="padl4 padr4">IS</span> DO</p> - -<p>What is the proverb?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII156">[II-156]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII14">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII15">ANOTHER WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>15. Can you complete this word square?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>W</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>M</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII15">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII16">CAN YOU DECIPHER IT?</h4> - -<p>16. The following puzzle lines are attributed -to Dr <span class="nowrap">Whewell:—</span></p> - -<table class="whewell" summary="Riddle"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="bb2">O</td> -<td class="bb2">O</td> -<td class="bb2">N</td> -<td class="bb2">O</td> -<td class="bb2">O.</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>U</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>U</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>U</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>O</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O!</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII16">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII17">A BROKEN DIAMOND</h4> - -<p>17. Can you fill in the vacancies in this -diamond?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word diamond"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>P</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>F</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>*</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>C</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>F</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>P</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>*</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Its words must read alike from left to right and -from top to bottom.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII157">[II-157]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII17">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII18">WHAT IS THIS?</h4> - -<p>18.</p> - -<div class="centerblock up"> - -<p>Tan HE Edsa VEN in<br /> -It N Gja SmeTs AsgN<br /> -aD Az Rett De.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII18">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII19">A PHONETIC JOURNEY</h4> - -<p>19. I can travel first-class on the Great Eastern -Railway from 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 5 0 0. What -is the cost of my journey, and its length in time?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII19">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII20">A CURIOUS OLD INSCRIPTION</h4> - -<p>20.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Seogeh sreve ereh wcisume vahl<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lah sehs se otreh nos llebdnas<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Regni freh nos gnires rohyer<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ganoed iryd ale nifae esots sorcy<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Rub nabot es rohk co caed ir.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Can you decipher it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII20">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII21">IRISH STEW AT SIMPSON’S</h4> - -<p>21. I wrote the following note <span class="nowrap">recently:—</span></p> - -<p class="noindent">Dear Jack,—Meet me at Simpson’s to-morrow -at 1.30. We will sample their excellent Irish -stew. Here are some catchwords that will -remind you of the <span class="nowrap">invitation:—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Join me at and<br /> -<span class="dontshow">Join me at a</span>i<br /> -<span class="dontshow">Join me at a</span>s</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p>Why should they remind him of it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII21">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII22">ENGLISH AS SHE IS SPELT!</h4> - -<p>22. This was the exact text of a letter sent -to the master of an English village school by a -labourer as an excuse for his boy’s <span class="nowrap">absence:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“Cepatomtogoatatrin”</p> - -<p>Can you decipher it?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII158">[II-158]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII22">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII23">A DOUBLE ACROSTIC</h4> - -<p>23. This double Acrostic will afford an easy -exercise in mental gymnastics for those to whom -such pastime <span class="nowrap">appeals:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Now we are fain<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To rack your brain.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>1. More fit for babes and sucklings than for you.</p> - -<p>2. Robbed of externals this is very true.</p> - -<p>3. Diminutive in measure and in weight.</p> - -<p>4. Pen-name of one a true pen potentate.</p> - -<p>5. A palindrome quite plain is here in sight.</p> - -<p>6. Sans head and tail it also yields this light.</p> - -<p>7. Here is in short what anyone may write.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII23">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII24">FIND THE PROVERB</h4> - -<table class="proverb" summary="Proverb"> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="6" class="nopad top">24.</td> -<td>c</td> -<td>e</td> -<td>f</td> -<td>h</td> -<td>i</td> -<td>m</td> -<td>n</td> -<td>o</td> -<td>r</td> -<td>s</td> -<td>t</td> -<td>v</td> -<td>y</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>3</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>7</td> -<td>1</td> -<td>1</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>6</td> -<td>5</td> -<td>8</td> -<td>3</td> -<td>9</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="4"> </td> -<td>4</td> -<td rowspan="4"> </td> -<td>4</td> -<td>1</td> -<td rowspan="4"> </td> -<td>2</td> -<td>1</td> -<td rowspan="4"> </td> -<td>6</td> -<td>1</td> -<td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>3</td> -<td rowspan="3"> </td> -<td>1</td> -<td>5</td> -<td>8</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>5</td> -<td>7</td> -<td>9</td> -<td rowspan="2"> </td> -<td rowspan="2"> </td> -<td>6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>4</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The letters with ones under them are the first -letters of words, those with twos under them are -second letters of words, and so on.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII24">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII25">A PUZZLE WILL</h4> - -<p>25. Having occasion to make a few slight -additions to my will, I called in my lawyer to -arrange the matter. How far forward did the -instructions contained in the following lines carry -him in his work?</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Set down a hundred in my will,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Add nothing to the text;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Five hundred now a space may fill,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And one be added next.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII159">[II-159]</span></p> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Another hundred write as well,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And yet another one;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then fifty more, and try to tell<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The deed that now is done.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII25">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII26">ANOTHER WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>26. Can you complete this word square?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII26">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII27">MUSICAL EPITAPHS</h4> - -<p>27. Over the grave of a French musician, who -was choked by a fish bone, the following epitaph -was inscribed in notes of music:—A. G. A. E. A.</p> - -<p>Over the porch of the house of Gustave Doré -these musical notes were placed on a tablet:—C. -E. B. A. C. D.</p> - -<p>What do these inscriptions signify?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII27">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII28">QUITE TOO TOO</h4> - -<p>28. “Where can we meet to-morrow?” said -Jack Spooner to his best girl.</p> - -<p>“We will go,” she replied, “at 222222222222 -LEY STREET.”</p> - -<p>When and where did they meet?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII28">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII29">A BROKEN WORD</h4> - -<p>29. What does this spell?</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top">C</span><span class="bot">T T T T T T T T T T</span></span></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII160">[II-160]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII29">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII30">CONTRADICTORY TERMS</h4> - -<p>30. What English word is it which may be -so treated as to affirm or disallow the use of its -own initial or final letter?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII30">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII31">PRINTERS’ PIE</h4> - -<p>31. Can you arrange these letters</p> - -<p class="center">E I O O O U<br /> -B C N N R R S S</p> - -<p class="noindent">so that they form the title of a book well-known -to boys?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII31">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII32">FILL IN THE GAPS</h4> - -<p>32. Keeping these letters in their present order -make a sensible sentence by inserting among -them as often as is necessary another letter, which -must be in every case the same.</p> - -<p class="center">A DEN I I CAN DOCK.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII32">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII33">DISTORTED SHAKESPEARE</h4> - -<p>33. Here is a well-known quotation from -Shakespeare, which seems to need some straightening -<span class="nowrap">out:—</span></p> - -<p class="center"><span class="padr10">OXXU8</span> <span class="padl4">MAAULGIHCTE</span></p> - -<p class="center">NOR</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII33">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII34">A PHONETIC NIGHTMARE</h4> - -<p>34. Here, as an awful warning to those who -are ready to accept the definition of English -spelling given by a former headmaster of Winchester—“Consonants -are interchangeable, and -vowels do not count”—is a common English -word of twelve letters, in “linked sweetness long -drawn out.”</p> - -<p class="center">Iewkngheaurrhphthewempeighghtips.</p> - -<p>Can you decipher it?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII161">[II-161]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII34">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII35">ANOTHER WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>35. Can you, by filling in letters, complete -this word square so that it shall read alike across -and from top to bottom?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII35">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII36">A QUAINT INSCRIPTION</h4> - -<p>36. The following curious inscription may be -seen on a card hanging up in the bar of an old -riverside inn in <span class="nowrap">Norfolk:—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">THEM * ILL * ERSLEA * VET * HEMI<br /> -LLT * HEW * HER * RYMEN * LOW<br /> -ERTH * EIRS * AILTH * EMA<br /> -LTS * TER * SLE * AVET * HE * KI<br /> -LN * FORAD * ROPO * FTH<br /> -EWHI * TESW * AN * SALE.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p>Can you decipher it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII36">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII37">A POET’S PI</h4> - -<p>37.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">TONDEBNIOTOCHUMFOARYHUR<br /></span> -<span class="i2">OTDIRECTTHAWHOTERSOFKLSYA;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">TIKATESTUBALIGHTSTILLETRUFLYR<br /></span> -<span class="i2">OTBOWLALLNEFESLEAVARFWYAA.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>In this printer’s pie the words are in their -proper sequence, but the letters are tangled.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII37">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII38">BURIED PLACES</h4> - -<p>38. In the following short sentences five names -of places are buried—that is to say, the letters -which spell them in proper order form parts of<span class="pagenum" id="PageII162">[II-162]</span> -more words than one. Thus, for example -“Paris” might be buried in the words “go u<i>p a ris</i>e:”</p> - -<p>“The men could ride all on donkeys, the -skipper, though, came to a bad end.”</p> - -<p>When you have discovered these places, try -to find out what very unexpected word of more -than four letters is buried in the sentence, “On -Christmas Eve you rang out angel peals.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII38">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII39">TREASON CONDONED</h4> - -<p>39. According to an old poet, Sir John Harrington -<span class="nowrap">(1561-1612):—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“Treason doth never flourish; what’s the reason?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For if it prosper none dare call it treason!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The classic lines may possibly have been the -germ of the flippant modern riddle, “Why is it -no offence to conspire in the evening?”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII39">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII40">A BIT OF BOTANY</h4> - -<p>40.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Inscribe an <i>m</i> above a line<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And write an <i>e</i> below,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This woodland flower is hung so fine<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It bends when zephyrs flow.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII40">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII41">A PIED PROVERB</h4> - -<p>41. The following letters, if they are properly -rearranged, will fall into the words which form -a popular <span class="nowrap">proverb:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">A A E E G G H I L L M N N N O O O O R R S S S S T T</p> - -<p>Can you place them in position?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII41">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII42">A DROP LETTER PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>42. Can you fill in the gaps of this proverb?</p> - -<p>E**t* *e*s**s *a*e *h* *o** **i*e.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII163">[II-163]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII42">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII43">MULTUM IN PARVO</h4> - -<p>43. There is an English word of five syllables -which has only eight letters, five of them vowels—an -a, an e, twice i, and y. What are its consonants?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII43">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII44">DOUBLETS</h4> - -<p>44. Can you turn TORMENT to RAPTURE, -using four links, changing only one letter each -time, and varying the order of the letters?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII44">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII45">A PIED PROVERB</h4> - -<p>45. Can you arrange these letters so that they -form a sentence of five words?</p> - -<p class="center">a a c e e e f f h h i i i i i m n n o o o p r r s s t t t t t.</p> - -<p>The result is a well-known English proverb.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII45">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII46">WHAT CAN IT BE?</h4> - -<p>46. Add one letter, and make this into a -sensible English <span class="nowrap">sentence:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">G D L D P R T F R R T H D X X F R D D N S</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII46">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII47">OUT OF PROPORTION</h4> - -<p>47.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">One vowel in an English word is found,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which by eight consonants is hedged around.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII47">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="WordLetterII48">48.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">Can you form an English word with these -letters?</p> - -<p class="center">A A A A A B B N N I I R S S T T.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII48">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 class="inline" id="WordLetterII49">49.</h4> - -<p class="hinline">What is this? It is found in <span class="nowrap">Shakespeare:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">K I N I.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII49">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII50">ALPHA BETA</h4> - -<p>50. There are two English words which contain -each of them ten letters, and six of these are -a, b, c, d, e, f, the first six letters of the alphabet. -Can you build up either or both of them without -looking at the solution?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII50">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII164">[II-164]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII51">SHIFTING NUMBERS</h4> - -<p>51.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Of a band of true kinsmen I stand at the head,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who, to keep themselves warm, cluster three in a bed.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Put four into gaol and their number has risen,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So that six can be counted together in prison.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take the six and recount them, they dwindle to three;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Count again, and a change into five you will see.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With no number from one to one hundred I mix,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yet with five of my mates I am seen to make six.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII51">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII52">AN IMPUDENT PRODIGAL</h4> - -<p>52. The prodigal son of a wealthy colonial -farmer received a letter from his father, to suggest -that a considerable part of his inheritance should -be safeguarded before he squandered it. His -reply ran thus:—“Dear dad, keep 1000050.” -As such a sum, even in dollars, was out of the -question, the father was completely puzzled.</p> - -<p>What did the prodigal mean?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII52">Solution</a></p> - - -<h4 id="WordLetterII53">BURIED POETS</h4> - -<p>53. The names of eight famous British poets -are buried in these lines, that is to say, the letters -that spell the names form in their proper order -parts of different <span class="nowrap">words:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The sun is darting rays of gold<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon the moor, enchanting spot,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whose purpled heights, by Ronald loved,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Up open to his Shepherd cot.<br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageII165">[II-165]</span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">And sundry denizens of air<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Are flying, aye, each to his nest;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And eager make at such an hour<br /></span> -<span class="i2">All haste to reach the mansions-blest.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Can you dig them up?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII53">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII54">A FATEFUL LETTER</h4> - -<p>54. When <i>A. B.</i> gave up the reins of government, -and <i>C. B.</i> took office in his place, it was -found that their political positions could be -exactly described by two quite common English -verbs, which differ only in this, that the one is -longer by one letter than the other, while the -rest of the letters are the same, and in the same -order. What are these two verbs?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII54">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII55">A PRIZE REBUS</h4> - -<p>55. The following is a prize <span class="nowrap">Rebus:—</span></p> - -<div class="prizerebus"> - -<div class="leftrebus br"> - -<p class="center">done<br /> -mutt<br /> -and<br /> -i<br /> -you make me</p> - -</div><!--leftrebus--> - -<div class="rightrebus"> - -<p class="center highline2 blankbefore1">a glutt<br /> -T. c. d.</p> - -</div><!--rightrebus--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--prizerebus--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII55">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII56">A LETTER TANGLE</h4> - -<p>56.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">First a <i>c</i> and <i>a</i> <i>t</i>, last <i>a</i> <i>c</i> and a <i>t</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With a couple of letters between,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Form a sight that our eyes are delighted to see,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Unless in their sight it is seen.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII56">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII57">A TRANSPOSITION</h4> - -<p>57.</p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Cut off my tail and set it at my head,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What was an island is a little bear instead.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII57">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII166">[II-166]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII58">A REBUS</h4> - -<p class="center">T S.</p> - -<p>58. What English word do these two letters -indicate? There are two possible solutions of -equal merit.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII58">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII59">A PHONETIC PHRASE</h4> - -<p>59. How can we read this?</p> - -<p class="center">I N X I N X I N.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII59">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordLetterII60">A GOOD END</h4> - -<p>60.</p> - -<div class="container10m"> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo364.png" alt="Rebus" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="center illotext w5m">I<span class="padl2 padr2 fsize70">F</span>S</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterSolII60">Solution</a></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII167">[II-167]</span></p> - -<h3>SOLUTIONS</h3> - -<h4>CHESS CAMEOS</h4> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXVI">No. XXVI</h5> - -<p>Black has made the false move Kt from Q sq -to Kt 3. When this is replaced, and the king -is moved as the proper penalty, White mates -at once with one or other of the Knights.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXVI">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXVII">No. XXVII</h5> - -<p>Replace the White Kt at B 7, and a Black -Pawn at K 4; then P takes P <i>en pas</i>. Mate.</p> - -<h6>ANALYSIS AND PROOF</h6> - -<p>It can be proved that Black’s last move <i>must -have been</i> P from K 2 to K 4, so that White may -take the P <i>en pas</i>.</p> - -<p>The Black King cannot have moved from any -<i>occupied</i> square.</p> - -<p class="center">(The White Kt now occupies B 7.)</p> - -<p>Nor from Kt 3 or 4, as both are now <i>doubly</i> -guarded, so that he cannot have moved <i>out of -a check</i>.</p> - -<p class="center">(The White Kt now helps to guard Kt 5.)</p> - -<p>Nor can he have moved from K 2, as the White -P on Q 6 cannot have moved <i>to give check</i>.</p> - -<p>No other P can have moved.</p> - -<p>The K P cannot have moved from K 3, became -of the position of the White King.</p> - -<p>Therefore Black’s last move <i>must have been</i> -P from K 2 to K 4, which White can take <i>en pas</i> -giving Mate.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXVII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII168">[II-168]</span></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXVIII">No. XXVIII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—Q 2</span><span class="bot">P—R 7</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—R 5</span><span class="bot">P—R 7 becomes Q</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">P—Kt 4</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top noline">White has</span><span class="bot">no move.</span></span></p> - -<p>The way in which the B runs to earth and is -shut in is most ingenious. Black with the new -Q cannot anyhow give White a move.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXVIII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXIX">No. XXIX</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—Kt 7, ch.</span><span class="bot">K moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—Kt 5</span><span class="bot">P becomes Q</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—B 5, ch.</span><span class="bot">Q × R, stalemate.</span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXIX">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXX">No. XXX</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves">B—Kt 8.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXX">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXI">No. XXXI</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves">B—R 4.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXI">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXII">No. XXXII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves">B—R sq.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXIII">No. XXXIII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves">B—Q 4.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXIII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXIV">No. XXXIV</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves">B—B sq.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXIV">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXV">No. XXXV</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves">K—R 4.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXV">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXVI">No. XXXVI</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves">Kt—Kt’s 6.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXVI">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXVII">No. XXXVII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—Kt 5</span><span class="bot">Kt × R</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—B 6</span><span class="bot">Kt—B 6 ch.</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt × Kt mate</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXVII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXVIII">No. XXXVIII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—R 7</span><span class="bot">B moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—KB 8</span><span class="bot">B returns</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—R 8 mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p>Any other move of the Kt would impede the -movements of the Q.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXVIII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XXXIX">No. XXXIX</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—R sq.</span><span class="bot">B moves.</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—Kt sq.</span><span class="bot">B returns.</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q to Kt sq. mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="chessmoves"><span class="pagenum" id="PageII169">[II-169]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XXXIX">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XL">No. XL</h5> - -<p>This beautiful problem is solved <span class="nowrap">by:—</span></p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—Kt 6</span><span class="bot">P × Q</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">K—B 2</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">mates accordingly.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">or</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">Kt—K 3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—B 3</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">mates accordingly.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XL">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLI">No. XLI</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—R 2.</span><span class="bot">B × Kt</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—R sq.</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">B—Q sq.</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—QB 8,</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q or Kt mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">B elsewhere</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—QB 6,</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q or Kt mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLI">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLII">No. XLII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—Kt 4, dis. ch.</span><span class="bot">K—R 8.</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—KR 2, ch.</span><span class="bot">P × Q.</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—B 2, mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">There are other variations.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLIII">No. XLIII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—Kt sq.</span><span class="bot">P × Kt,</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—QR7,</span><span class="bot">K × Kt.</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">If K × Kt, Q × P, and mates next move.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLIII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLIV">No. XLIV</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">K—Q 7,</span><span class="bot">K moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—Q 5,</span><span class="bot">K × R</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLIV">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLV">No. XLV</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—Q 8</span><span class="bot">K moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q × P, ch.</span><span class="bot">K × Q</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">B moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—K 7</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLV">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII170">[II-170]</span></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLVI">No. XLVI</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—B 6</span><span class="bot">K × R</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—Q 7, ch.</span><span class="bot">K × Q</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">B × R</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—B 6, ch.</span><span class="bot">K × P</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">There are other variations.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLVI">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLVII">No. XLVII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—R 8</span><span class="bot">Kt × Q</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—B 6</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">mates accordingly.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLVII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLVIII">No. XLVIII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—Kt 8</span><span class="bot">B—K Kt 2</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q × B, ch.</span><span class="bot">Kt—K 4</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—QR 7, mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">B—B 3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—Q 2, ch.</span><span class="bot">K moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">P mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLVIII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XLIX">No. XLIX</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—Kt 2</span><span class="bot">K—K 4</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—K 3 ch.</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">There are other variations.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XLIX">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_L">No. L</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—KR 2</span><span class="bot">K—B 3 or B4</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—Q 6, ch.</span><span class="bot">Q × Q</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—K 5. double ch. mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">There are other variations.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_L">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LI">No. LI</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—QR sq.</span><span class="bot">P moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—R 2</span><span class="bot">P × R</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">P mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LI">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII171">[II-171]</span></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LII">No. LII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—B sq.</span><span class="bot">P—K 7</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q × BP ch.</span><span class="bot">K—Q 3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">K—Q 2</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q × BP ch.</span><span class="bot">K—B 3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">There are other variations.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LIII">No. LIII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—R 8</span><span class="bot">K—R 2</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—QR sq.</span><span class="bot">K moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—Q Kt. 7, mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LIII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LIV">No. LIV</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—R 5</span><span class="bot">B × Q or B—B 2</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—Kt 5</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LIV">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LV">No. LV</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">K—Kt 7</span><span class="bot">Kt—B 3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—Q 5, ch.</span><span class="bot">Kt × Q</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt. mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">P—K 3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q—B 8, ch.</span><span class="bot">K moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Q mates.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LV">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LVI">No. LVI</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—Kt 6</span><span class="bot">P moves</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—Kt 4</span><span class="bot">P × B</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R × P mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LVI">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LVII">No. LVII</h5> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt from R 3—Kt 5</span><span class="bot">P × Kt</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">B—B 4</span><span class="bot">P × B</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">P—Q 4 ch.</span><span class="bot">P × P <i>en pas</i></span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—B 5 mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">R × B</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—Kt 5 ch.</span><span class="bot">any</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">mates accordingly.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="noindent">and if</p> - -<p class="chessmoves"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> </span><span class="bot">Q—K 6</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—Q 6</span><span class="bot">Q—Kt 3</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">R—B 5 ch.</span><span class="bot">Q × R</span></span> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">Kt—B 7 mate.</span><span class="bot"> </span></span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LVII">Back to Cameo</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII172">[II-172]</span></p> - -<h4>SCIENCE AT PLAY</h4> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LVIII">No. LVIII.—THE GEARED WHEELS</h5> - -<p>The arrow head at the top of a small wheel -with ten teeth, which is geared into and revolved -round a large fixed wheel with forty teeth, will -point directly upwards five times in its course -round the large wheel. Four of these turnings -are due to the rotation of the small wheel on its -own axis, and one of them results from its revolution -round the large wheel.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LVIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LX">No. LX.—THE FIFTEEN BRIDGES</h5> - -<p>It is possible to pass over all the bridges which -connect the islands <i>A</i> and <i>B</i> and the banks of -the surrounding river without going over any of -them twice.</p> - -<p>The course can be shown thus, using capital -letters for the different regions of land, and italics -for the bridges:—E<i>a</i> F<i>b</i> B<i>c</i> F<i>d</i> A<i>e</i> F<i>f</i> C<i>g</i> A<i>h</i> C<i>i</i> D<i>k</i> -A<i>m</i> E<i>n</i> A<i>p</i> B<i>q</i> E<i>l</i>D.</p> - -<p>This order of the bridges can, of course, be -reversed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXVI">No. LXVI.—A DUCK HUNT</h5> - -<p>In order that a spaniel starting from the middle -of a circular pond, and going at the same pace -as a duck that is swimming round its edge, shall -be sure to catch it speedily, the dog must always -keep in the straight line between the duck and -the centre of the pond.</p> - -<p>The duck can never gain an advantage by -turning back, and if it swims on continuously -in a circle it will be overtaken when it has passed -through a quarter of the circumference, for the -dog will in the same time have described a semi-circle -whose diameter is the radius of the pond, -ending at the point where the duck is caught.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXVI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII173">[II-173]</span></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXIX">No. LXIX.—THE TETHERED BIRD</h5> - -<p>When a bird tethered by a cord 50 feet long -to a post 6 inches in diameter uncoils the full -length of the cord, and recoils it in the opposite -direction, keeping it always taut, it flies 10,157 -feet, or very nearly 2 miles, in its double course.</p> - -<p>To avoid possible misunderstanding, we point -out that, in order to pass from the uncoiling -to the recoiling position, the bird must fly through -a semicircle at the end of the fully extended cord.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXIX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXX">No. LXX.—THE MOVING DISC AND THE -FLY</h5> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo371.png" alt="Fly on disc" /> -</div> - -<p>When a fly, starting from the point <i>A</i>, just -outside the revolving disc, and always making -straight for its mate at the point <i>B</i>, crosses the -disc in four minutes, during which time the disc<span class="pagenum" id="PageII174">[II-174]</span> -is turning twice, the revolution of the disc has -a most curious and interesting effect on the path -of the fly.</p> - -<p>The fly is a quarter of a minute in passing from -the outside circle to the next, during which the -disc has made an eighth of a revolution, and the -fly has reached the point marked 1. The succeeding -points up to 16 show the position of the fly -at each quarter of a minute, until, by a prettily -repeated curve, <i>B</i> is reached.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXI">No. LXXI.—A SHUNTING PUZZLE</h5> - -<p>The following method enables the engine <i>R</i> -to interchange the positions of the wagons, <i>P</i> -and <i>Q</i>, for either of which there is room on the -straight rails at <i>A</i>, while there is not room there -for the engine, which, if it runs up either siding, -must return the same <span class="nowrap">way:—</span></p> - -<p>1. <i>R</i> pushes <i>P</i> into <i>A</i>. 2. <i>R</i> returns, pushes -<i>Q</i> up to <i>P</i> in <i>A</i>, couples <i>Q</i> to <i>P</i>, draws them both -out to <i>F</i>, and then pushes them to <i>E</i>. 3. <i>P</i> is -now uncoupled, <i>R</i> takes <i>Q</i> back to <i>A</i>, and leaves -it there. 4. <i>R</i> returns to <i>P</i>, pulls <i>P</i> back to <i>C</i>, -and leaves it there. 5. <i>R</i>, running successively -through <i>F</i>, <i>D</i>, <i>B</i>, comes to <i>A</i>, draws <i>Q</i> out, and -leaves it at <i>B.</i></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXV">No. LXXV.—PHARAOH’S SEAL</h5> - -<p>It is quite puzzling to decide how many similar -triangles or pyramids are expressed on the seal -of Pharaoh. There are in fact 96.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXV">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXVI">No. LXXVI.—ROUND THE GARDEN</h5> - -<p>The four persons who started at noon from -the central fountain, and walked round the four<span class="pagenum" id="PageII175">[II-175]</span> -paths at the rates of two, three, four, and five -miles an hour would meet for the third time at -their starting point at one o’clock, if the distance -on each track was one-third of a mile.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXVI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXVII">No. LXXVII.—A JOINER’S PUZZLE</h5> - -<p>This diagram shows how to divide Fig. <i>A</i> into -two parts, and so rearrange these that they form -either Fig. <i>B</i> or Fig. <i>C</i>, without turning either -of the pieces.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo373a.png" alt="Puzzle" /> -</div> - -<p>Cut the five steps, and shift the two pieces as -is shown.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXVII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXVIII">No. LXXVIII.—THE BROKEN OCTAGON</h5> - -<p>The Broken Octagon is repaired and made -perfect if its pieces are put together <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo373b.png" alt="Octagon" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXVIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII176">[II-176]</span></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXIX">No. LXXIX.—AT A DUCK POND</h5> - -<p>The pond was doubled in size without disturbing -the duck-houses, <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo374a.png" alt="Duck pond" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXIX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXX">No. LXXX.—ALL ON THE SQUARE</h5> - -<p>This is a perfect <span class="nowrap">arrangement:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo374b.png" alt="Square" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXXI">No. LXXXI.—PINS AND DOTS</h5> - -<p>The pins may be placed <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p>On the third dot in the top line; on the sixth<span class="pagenum" id="PageII177">[II-177]</span> -dot in the second line; on the second dot in the -third line; on the fifth dot in the fourth line; -on the first dot in the fifth line; on the fourth -dot in the sixth line.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo375.png" alt="Grid" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXXI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXXII">No. LXXXII.—A TRICKY COURSE</h5> - -<p>To trace this course draw lines upon the diagram -from square 46 to squares 38, 52, 55, 23, -58, 64, 8, 57, 1, 7, 42, 10, 13, 27, and 19. This -gives fifteen lines which pass through every -square only once.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXXII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXXIII">No. LXXXIII.—FOR THE CHILDREN</h5> - -<p>Make a square with three on every side, and -place the remaining four one on each of the -corner men or buttons.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXXIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII178">[II-178]</span></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXXVII">No. LXXXVII.—LOYD’S MITRE PROBLEM</h5> - -<p>The figure given is thus divided into four -equal and similar <span class="nowrap">parts:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo376a.png" alt="Square" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXXVII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_LXXXIX">No. LXXXIX.—CUT OFF THE CORNERS</h5> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo376b.png" alt="Square" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>A very simple rule of thumb method for striking -the points in the sides of a square, which will<span class="pagenum" id="PageII179">[II-179]</span> -be at the angles of an octagon formed by cutting -off equal corners of the square, is to place another -square of equal size upon the original one, -so that the centre is common to both, and the -diagonal of the new square lies upon a diameter -of the other parallel to its side.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_LXXXIX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XCIII">No. XCIII.—MAKING MANY SQUARES</h5> - -<p>The subjoined diagram shows how the two -oblongs, applied to the two concentric squares, -produce 31 perfect squares, namely, 17 small -ones, one equal to 25 of these, 5 equal to 9, and -8 equal to 4.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo377.png" alt="Squares" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XCIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_XCIV">No. XCIV.—CUT ACROSS</h5> - -<p>The Greek Cross can be divided by two straight -cuts, so that the resulting pieces will form a<span class="pagenum" id="PageII180">[II-180]</span> -perfect square when re-set, as is shown in these -<span class="nowrap">figures:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo378a.png" alt="Cross and square" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_XCIV">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CV">No. CV.—A TRANSFORMATION</h5> - -<p>The diagram which is given below shows how -the irregular Maltese Cross can be divided by -two straight cuts into four pieces, which form -when properly rearranged, a perfect square.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo378b.png" alt="Cross and square" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CV">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CVI">No. CVI.—SHIFTING THE CELLS</h5> - -<p>The following diagram shows by its dark lines -how the whole square can be cut into four pieces, -and these arranged as two perfect squares in -which every semicircle still occupies the upper -half of its cell.</p> - -<p>One piece forms a square of nine cells, and it<span class="pagenum" id="PageII181">[II-181]</span> -is easy to arrange the other three pieces in a -square of sixteen cells by lifting the three cells -and dropping the two.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo379a.png" alt="Nine cells" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CVI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CVII">No. CVII.—IN A TANGLE</h5> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo379b.png" alt="Placed counters" /> -</div> - -<p>It will be seen, on the subjoined diagram, how<span class="pagenum" id="PageII182">[II-182]</span> -twenty-one counters or coins can be placed on -the figure so that they fall into symmetrical -design, and form thirty rows, with three in each -row.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CVII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CVIII">No. CVIII.—STILL A SQUARE</h5> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo380a.png" alt="Square" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - - -<p>In order that a square and an additional -quarter may be divided by two straight lines -so that their parts, separated and then reunited, -form a perfect square, lines must be drawn from -the point <i>A</i> to the corners <i>B</i> and <i>C</i>. Draw the -figure on paper, cut through these lines, and -you will find that the pieces can be so reunited -that they form a perfect square.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CVIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CIX">No. CIX.—A TRANSFORMATION</h5> - -<p>The diagram below shows how the seven parts -of the square can be rearranged so that they -form the figure 8.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo380b.png" alt="Figure 8" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CIX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII183">[II-183]</span></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CX">No. CX.—TO MAKE AN OBLONG</h5> - -<p>Here is an oblong formed by piecing together -two of the smaller triangles, and four of each -of the other <span class="nowrap">patterns—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo381a.png" alt="Rectangle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Here is <span class="nowrap">another:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo381b.png" alt="Rectangle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CX">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CXI">No. CXI.—SQUARES ON THE CROSS</h5> - -<p>This diagram shows how every indication of -the seventeen squares is broken up by the removal<span class="pagenum" id="PageII184">[II-184]</span> -of seven of the asterisks which mark -their corners.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo382a.png" alt="Cross" /> -</div> - -<p>Those surrounded by circles are to be removed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CXI">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CXII">No. CXII.—A CHINESE PUZZLE</h5> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo382b.png" alt="Puzzle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The dotted lines on the triangular figure show<span class="pagenum" id="PageII185">[II-185]</span> -how a piece of cardboard cut to the shape of -Fig. 1 can be divided into three pieces, and rearranged -so that these form a star shaped as in -Fig. 2.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CXII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 id="OptIllSolII_CXIII">No. CXIII.—FIRESIDE FUN</h5> - -<p>To solve this puzzle slip the first coin or counter -from <i>A</i> to <i>D</i>, then the others in turn from <i>F</i> to <i>A</i>, -from <i>C</i> to <i>F</i>, from <i>H</i> to <i>C</i>, from <i>E</i> to <i>H</i>, from -<i>B</i> to <i>E</i>, from <i>G</i> to <i>B</i>, and place the last on <i>G</i>. -It can only be done by a sequence of this sort, in -which each starting point is the finish of the next -move.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo383.png" alt="Triangle" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#OptIllII_CXIII">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4>AMUSING PROBLEMS</h4> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_1">1. THE CARPENTER’S PUZZLE</h5> - -<p>The carpenter cleverly contrived to mend a -hole 2 feet wide and 12 feet long, by cutting the -board which was 3 feet wide and 8 feet long, as<span class="pagenum" id="PageII186">[II-186]</span> -is shown in Fig. 1, and putting the two pieces -together as is shown in Fig. 2.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo384.png" alt="Boards" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_1">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_2">2. GOLDEN PIPPINS</h5> - -<p>Here is another <span class="nowrap">solution:—</span></p> - -<table class="pippins" summary="Orchard"> - -<tr> -<td class="padr1 br">1</td> -<td class="padr1 br">3</td> -<td class="padr1 br">5</td> -<td class="padr1 br">7</td> -<td class="padr1 br">9</td> -<td class="padr1 br">11</td> -<td class="padr1 br">13</td> -<td class="padr1 br">15</td> -<td class="padr1 br">17</td> -<td>19</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="padr1 br">39</td> -<td class="padr1 br">37</td> -<td class="padr1 br">35</td> -<td class="padr1 br">33</td> -<td class="padr1 br">31</td> -<td class="padr1 br">29</td> -<td class="padr1 br">27</td> -<td class="padr1 br">25</td> -<td class="padr1 br">23</td> -<td>21</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="padr1 br">2</td> -<td class="padr1 br">4</td> -<td class="padr1 br">6</td> -<td class="padr1 br">8</td> -<td class="padr1 br">10</td> -<td class="padr1 br">12</td> -<td class="padr1 br">14</td> -<td class="padr1 br">16</td> -<td class="padr1 br">18</td> -<td>20</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td class="padr1 br">40</td> -<td class="padr1 br">38</td> -<td class="padr1 br">36</td> -<td class="padr1 br">34</td> -<td class="padr1 br">32</td> -<td class="padr1 br">30</td> -<td class="padr1 br">28</td> -<td class="padr1 br">26</td> -<td class="padr1 br">24</td> -<td>22</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td class="padr1 br">82</td> -<td>82</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_2">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_3">3. AN AWKWARD FIX</h5> - -<p>I was able to find my way in a strange district, -when the sign-post lay uprooted in the ditch, -without any difficulty. I simply replaced the -post in its hole, so that the proper arm, with its -lettering, <i>pointed the way that I had come</i>, and -then, of necessity, the directions of the other -arms were correct.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_3">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_4">4. LINKED SWEETNESS LONG DRAWN -OUT</h5> - -<p>The train was whistling for 5 minutes. Sound -travels about a mile in 5 seconds, so the first I -heard of it was 5 seconds after it began. Its -last sound reached me 7<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> seconds after it ceased, -so I heard the whistle for 5 minutes, 2<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> seconds.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_4">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_5">5.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">These quarters were not so elastic as they -are made to appear. In good truth, considering -that the second man who was placed in <i>A</i> was -afterwards removed to <i>I</i>, no real <i>second</i> man was -provided for at all.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_5">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII187">[II-187]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_6">6.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The first day of a new century can never be -Sunday, Wednesday, or Friday. The cycle of -the Gregorian calendar is completed in 400 years, -after which all dates repeat themselves.</p> - -<p>As in this cycle there are only four first days -of a century, it is clear that three of the seven -days of the week must be excluded. Any perpetual -calendar shows that the four which do -occur are Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and -Saturday, so that Sunday, Wednesday, and Friday -are shut out.</p> - -<p>A neat corollary to this proof is that Monday -is the only day which may be the first, or which -may be the last, day of a century.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_6">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_7">7.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">A cricket bat with spliced handle has such -good driving power, because the elasticity of the -handle allows the ball to be in contact with the -blade of the bat for a longer time than would -otherwise be possible.</p> - -<p>With similar effect the “follow through” of -the club head at golf maintains contact with the -ball, when it is already travelling fast.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_7">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_8">8.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When two volumes stand in proper order -on my bookshelf, each 2 inches thick over all, -with covers <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub> of an inch in thickness, a bookworm -would only have to bore <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub> of an inch, to penetrate -from the first page of Vol. I, to the last page of -Vol. II, for these pages would be in actual contact -if there was no binding. This very pretty -and puzzling question combines in its solution -all the best qualities of a clever catch with solid -and simple facts.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_8">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_9">9.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">A man would have to fall from a height of -nearly 15 miles to reach earth before the sound -of his cry as he started. The velocity of sound -is constant, while that of a falling body is continually -accelerated. At first the cry far outstrips<span class="pagenum" id="PageII188">[II-188]</span> -the falling man, but he <i>overtakes and passes -through his own scream</i> in about 14<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> miles, for -his body falls through the 15 miles in 70 seconds, -and sound travels as far in 72 seconds. Air -resistance, and the fact that sound cannot pass -from a rare to a dense atmosphere, are disregarded -in this curious calculation.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_9">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_10">10.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">A man on a perfectly smooth table in a -vacuum, and where there was no friction, though -no contortions of his body would avail to get -away from this position, could escape from the -predicament by throwing from him something -which he could detach from his person, such as -his watch or coat. He would himself instantly -slide off in the opposite direction!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_10">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_11">11.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The monkey clinging to one end of a rope -that passes over a single fixed pulley, while an -equal weight hangs on the other end, cannot -climb up the rope, or rise any higher from the -ground.</p> - -<p>If he continues to try to climb up, he will -gradually pull the balancing weight on the other -end of the rope upwards, and the slack of the -rope will drop below him, while he remains in the -same place.</p> - -<p>If, after some efforts, he rests, he will sink -lower and lower, until the weight reaches the -pulley, because of the extra weight of rope on -his side, if friction is disregarded.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_11">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_12">12.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Though the tension on a pair of traces -tends as much to pull the horse backward as -it does to pull the carriage forward, it is the -initial pull from slack to taut which sets the -traces in motion; and this, once started, must -continue indefinitely until checked by a counter -pull.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_12">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_13">13.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Some say that a rubber tyre leaves a double<span class="pagenum" id="PageII189">[II-189]</span> -rut in dust and a single one in mud, because the -air, rushing from each side into the wake of the -wheel, piles up the loose dust. Others hold that -the central ridge is caused by the continuous -contraction of the tyre as it passes its point of -contact with the road.</p> - -<p>A correspondent, writing some years ago to -“Knowledge,” said:—“It is our old friend the -sucker. The tyre being round, the weight on -centre of track only is great enough to enable -the tyre to draw up a ridge of dust after it.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_13">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_14">14.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If two cats on a sloping roof are on the -point of slipping off, one might think that whichever -had the longest paws (pause) would hold -on best. Todhunter, in playful mood, saw -deeper into it than that, and pronounced for the -cat that had the <i>highest mew</i>, for to his mathematical -mind the Greek letter <i>mu</i> was the coefficient -of friction!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_14">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_15">15.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If a penny held between finger and thumb, -and released by withdrawing the finger, starts -“heads” and makes half a turn in falling through -the first foot, it will be “heads” again on reaching -the floor, if it is held four feet above it at first.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_15">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_16">16. HE DID IT!</h5> - -<p>Funnyboy had secretly prepared himself for -the occasion by rubbing the chemical coating -from the side of the box on to his boot.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_16">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_17">17. THE CYCLE SURPRISE</h5> - -<p>If a bicycle is stationary, with one pedal at its -lowest point, and that pedal is pulled backwards, -while the bicycle is lightly supported, the bicycle -will move backwards, and the pedal relatively -to the bicycle, will move forwards. This would -be quite unexpected by most people, and it is -well worth trying.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_17">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII190">[II-190]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_18">18.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The rough stones, by which any number -of pounds, from 1 to 364, can be weighed, are -respectively 1 ℔., 3 ℔s., 9 ℔s., 27 ℔s., 81 ℔s., and -243 ℔s. in weight.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_18">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_19">19.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If we disregard the resistance of the air, -a small clot of mud thrown from the hindermost -part of a wheel would describe a parabola, which -would, in its descending limb, bring it back into -kissing contact with the wheel which had rejected -it.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_19">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_20">20. THE CARELESS CARPENTER</h5> - -<p>When the carpenter cut the door <i>too little</i>, -he did not in fact <i>cut it enough</i>, and he had to cut -it again, so that it might fit.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_20">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="AmusingSolII_21">21.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If from the North Pole you start sailing -in a south-westerly direction, and keep a straight -course for twenty miles, you must steer due -north to get back as quickly as possible to the -Pole, if, indeed, it has been possible to start from -it in any direction other than due south.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_21">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_22">22. DICK IN A SWING</h5> - -<p>Dick’s feet will travel in round numbers nearly -16 feet further than his head, or to be exact, -15·707,960 feet.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_22">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h5 id="AmusingSolII_23">23. A POSER</h5> - -<p>The initial letters of Turkey, Holland, England, -France, Italy, Norway, Austria, Lapland, and -Spain spell, and in this sense are the same as, -“the finals.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#AmusingII_23">Back to Problem</a></p> - -<h4>CURIOUS CALCULATIONS</h4> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII1">1.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The only sum of money which satisfies the -condition that its pounds, shillings, and pence -written down as a continuous number, exactly -give the number of farthings which it represents, -is £12, 12s., 8d., for this sum contains 12,128 -farthings.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII1">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII191">[II-191]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII2">2.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If, when a train, on a level track, and running -all the time at 30 miles an hour, slips a -carriage which is uniformly retarded by brakes, -and this comes to rest in 200 yards, the train -itself will then have travelled 400 yards.</p> - -<p>The slip carriage, uniformly retarded from -30 miles an hour to no miles an hour, has an -average speed of 15 miles an hour, while the -train itself, running on at 30 miles an hour all -the time, has just double that speed, and so -covers just twice the distance.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII2">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII3">3.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The traveller had fivepence farthing when -he said to the landlord, “Give me as much as I -have in my hand, and I will spend sixpence with -you.” After repeating this process twice he had -no money left.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII3">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII4">4.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">This is the way to obtain eleven by adding -one-third of twelve to four-fifths of <span class="nowrap">seven—</span></p> - -<p class="center">TW(EL)VE + S(EVEN) = ELEVEN</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII4">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII5">5.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Here is the completed <span class="nowrap">sum:—</span></p> - -<table class="swarm2" summary="Long division"> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">)</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">(</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td rowspan="6" class="w3m"> </td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">)</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">(</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td colspan="2" class="bb"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit bb">2</td> -<td class="digit bb">1</td> -<td class="digit bb">5</td> -<td colspan="2" class="bb"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">9</td> -<td colspan="5"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td class="digit bb">5</td> -<td class="digit bb">*</td> -<td class="digit bb">5</td> -<td class="bb"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td class="digit bb">1</td> -<td class="digit bb">5</td> -<td class="digit bb">0</td> -<td class="digit bb">5</td> -<td class="bb"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td colspan="6"> </td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td colspan="2" class="bbd"> </td> -<td class="digit bbd">*</td> -<td class="digit bbd">*</td> -<td class="digit bbd">*</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td colspan="2" class="bbd"> </td> -<td class="digit bbd">6</td> -<td class="digit bbd">4</td> -<td class="digit bbd">5</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The clue is that no figure but 3, when multiplied -into 215, produces 4 in the tens place.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII5">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII6">6.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If I attempt to buy as many heads of asparagus -as can be encircled by a string 2 feet -long for double the price paid for as many as half<span class="pagenum" id="PageII192">[II-192]</span> -that length will encompass, I shall not succeed. -A circle double of another in circumference is -also double in diameter, and its area is four times -that of the other.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII6">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII7">7.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If, when you reverse me, and my square, -and my cube, and my fourth power, you find -that no changes have been made, I am 11, my -square is 121, my cube 1331, and my fourth -power 14641.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII7">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII8">8.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> A thousand pounds can be stored in ten -sealed bags, so that any sum in pounds up to -£1,000 can be paid without breaking any of the -seals, by placing in the bags 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, -128, 256, and 489 sovereigns.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII8">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII9">9.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">It is the fraction <sup>6</sup>⁄<sub>9</sub> which is unchanged when -turned over, and which, when taken thrice, and -then divided by two becomes 1.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII9">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII10">10.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When the three gamblers agreed that the -loser should always double the sum of money -that the other two had before them, and they -each lost once, and fulfilled the conditions, -remaining each with eight sovereigns in hand, -they had started with £13, £7, and £4 as the -following table <span class="nowrap">shows:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Bets"> - -<tr> -<th rowspan="2"> </th> -<th class="center padl1 padr1">A</th> -<th class="center padl1 padr1">B</th> -<th class="center padl1 padr1">C</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<th class="center padl1 padr1">£</th> -<th class="center padl1 padr1">£</th> -<th class="center padl1 padr1">£</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">At starts</td> -<td class="center">13</td> -<td class="center"> 7</td> -<td class="center"> 4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">When A loses</td> -<td class="center"> 2</td> -<td class="center">14</td> -<td class="center"> 8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">When B loses</td> -<td class="center"> 4</td> -<td class="center"> 4</td> -<td class="center">16</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">When C loses</td> -<td class="center"> 8</td> -<td class="center"> 8</td> -<td class="center"> 8</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII10">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII193">[II-193]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII11">11.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Tom’s sum, which his mischievous neighbour -rubbed almost out, is reconstructed <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="swarm2" summary="Sum"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td rowspan="5" class="w3m"> </td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">4</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bb"> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">0</td> -<td class="digit">3</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">*</td> -<td class="digit">1</td> -<td class="digit">2</td> -<td class="digit">7</td> -<td class="digit">6</td> -<td class="digit">5</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII11">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII12">12.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Here are two other arrangements of the -nine digits which produce 45, their sum; each -is used once <span class="nowrap">only:—</span></p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75 blankafter75"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">5 × 8 × 9 × (7 + 2)</span><span class="bot">1 × 3 × 4 × 6</span></span> = 45</p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75 blankafter75"> -7<sup>2</sup> - <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">5 × 8 × 9</span><span class="bot">3 × 4 × 6</span></span> + 1 = 45</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII12">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII13">13.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If, when the combined ages of Mary and -Ann are 44, Mary is twice as old as Ann was -when Mary was half as old as Ann will be when -Ann is three times as old as Mary was when -Mary was three times as old as Ann, Mary is 27<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> -years old, and Ann is 16<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>.</p> - -<p>For, tracing the question backwards, when -Ann was 5<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> Mary was 16<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>. When Ann is three -times that age she will be 49<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>. The half of this -is 24<sup>3</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub>, and when Mary was at that age Ann was -13<sup>3</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub>. Mary’s age, by the question, was twice -this, or 27<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII13">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII14">14.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">It is safer at backgammon to leave a blot -in the tables which can be taken by an ace than -one which a three would hit. In either the case -of an actual ace or a three the chance is one in<span class="pagenum" id="PageII194">[II-194]</span> -eleven; but there are two chances of throwing -deuce-ace, the equivalent of three.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII14">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII15">15.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If I start from a bay, where the needle -points due north, 1200 miles from the North Pole, -and the course is perfectly clear, I can never -reach it if I steam continuously 20 miles an hour, -steering always north by the compass needle. -After about 200 miles I come upon the Magnetic -Pole, which so affects the needle that it no longer -leads me northward, and I may have to steer -south by it to reach the geographical Pole.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII15">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII16">16.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The 21 casks, 7 full, 7 half full, and 7 empty, -were shared equally by A, B, and C, as <span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Casks"> - -<tr> -<th class="padr6"> </th> -<th class="w3m">Full<br />cask.</th> -<th class="w3m">Half<br />full.</th> -<th class="w3m">Empty.</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">A</td> -<td class="center">2</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -<td class="center">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">B</td> -<td class="center">2</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -<td class="center">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">C</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">or—</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">A</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">B</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr3">C</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td class="center">5</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Thus each had 7 casks, and the equivalent of -3<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> caskfuls of wine.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII16">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII17">17.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The foraging mouse, able to carry home -three ears at a time from a box full of ears of corn, -could not add more than fourteen ears of corn -to its store in fourteen journeys, for it had each -time to carry along two ears of its own.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII17">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII18">18.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If, with equal quantities of butter and -lard, a small piece of butter is taken and mixed -into all the lard, and if then a piece of this blend -of similar size is put back into the butter, there<span class="pagenum" id="PageII195">[II-195]</span> -will be in the end exactly as much lard in the -butter as there is butter in the lard.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII18">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII19">19.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The fallacy of the <span class="nowrap">equation—</span></p> - -<p class="center">4 - 10 = 9 - 15<br /> -4 - 10 + <sup>25</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub> = 9 - 15 + <sup>25</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub></p> - -<p class="noindent">and the square roots of <span class="nowrap">these—</span></p> - -<p class="center"> -2 - <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> = 3 - <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub><br /> -therefore 2 = 3</p> - -<p class="noindent">is explained thus:—The fallacy lies in ignoring -the fact that the square roots are <i>plus or minus</i>. -In the working we have taken both roots as -<i>plus</i>. If we take one root plus, and the other -minus, and add <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>, we have either 2 = 2, or 3 = 3.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII19">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII20">20.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The largest possible parcel which can be -sent through the post under the official limits -of 3 feet 6 inches in length, and 6 feet in length -and girth combined, is a cylinder 2 feet long and -4 feet in circumference, the cubic contents of -which are 2<sup>6</sup>⁄<sub>11</sub> cubic feet.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII20">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII21">21.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">We can show, or seem to show, that -either four, five, or six nines amount to 100, -<span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Nines"> - -<tr> -<td class="center">99<sup>9</sup>⁄<sub>9</sub> = 100</td> -<td class="center padl5 padr5">IX<br /> -IX<br /> -IX<br /> -IX<br /> -IX<br /> -<span class="bt">100</span></td> -<td class="center">9 × 9 + 9 + 9<sup>9</sup>⁄<sub>9</sub> = 100</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII21">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII22">22.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">This is the magic square arrangement, so<span class="pagenum" id="PageII196">[II-196]</span> -contrived that the products of the rows, columns, -and diagonals are all 1,000.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td>50</td> -<td>1</td> -<td>20</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>4</td> -<td>10</td> -<td>25</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>5</td> -<td>100</td> -<td>2</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII22">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII23">23.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If seven boys caught four crabs in the rock-pools -at Beachy Head in six days, the twenty-one -boys who searched under the seaweed and -only caught one crab with the same rate of -success were only at work for <i>half a day</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII23">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII24">24.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> A watch could be set of a different trio -from a company of fifteen soldiers for 455 nights, -and one of them, John Pipeclay, could be included -ninety-one times.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII24">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII25">25.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If Augustus Cæsar was born September 23, -B.C. 63, he celebrated his sixty-third birthday -on September 23, B.C. 0; or, writing it otherwise, -September 23, A.D. 0; or again, if we wish to -include both symbols, B.C. 0 A.D. It is clear -that his sixty-second birthday fell on September -23, B.C. 1, and his sixty-fourth on September 23, -A.D. 1, so that the intervening year may be -written as above.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII25">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII26">26.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The difference of the ages of <i>A</i> and <i>B</i> who -were born in 1847 and 1874, is 27, or 30 - 03. -Hence, when <i>A</i> was 30 <i>B</i> was 03. And <i>A</i> was -30 in 1877. Eleven years later <i>A</i> was 41 and <i>B</i> -14, and eleven years after that <i>A</i> was 52 and <i>B</i> 25. -Thus the same two digits served to express the<span class="pagenum" id="PageII197">[II-197]</span> -ages of both in 1877, 1888, and 1899. This can -only happen in the cases of those whose ages -differ by some multiple of nine.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII26">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII27">27</h5> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -<div class="poemcenter up"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A hundred and one by fifty divide,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To this let a cypher be duly applied;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And when the result you can rightly divine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You find that its value is just one in nine—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by CLIO, one of the nine Muses.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII27">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII28">28.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The man who paid a penny on Monday morning -to cross the ferry, spent half of what money -he then had left in the town, and paid another -penny to recross the ferry, and who repeated this -course on each succeeding day, reaching home -on Saturday evening with one penny in his pocket, -started on Monday with £1 1s. 1d. in hand.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII28">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII29">29.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When the three men agreed to share their -mangoes equally after giving one to the monkey, -and when each helped himself to a third after -giving one to the monkey, without knowing that -anyone had been before him, and they finally -met together, gave one to the monkey, and -divided what still remained, there must have -been at least seventy-nine mangoes for division -at the first.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII29">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII30">30.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If, after having looked at my watch -between 4 and 5, I look again between 7 and 8, -and find that the hour and minute-hands have -then exactly changed places, it was 36<sup>12</sup>⁄<sub>13</sub> -minutes past 4 when I first looked. At that -time the hour-hand would be pointing to 23<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>13</sub> -minutes on the dial, and at 23<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>13</sub> minutes past -7 the hour hand would be pointing to 36<sup>12</sup>⁄<sub>13</sub> -minutes.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII30">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII31">31.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The number consisting of 22 figures, of<span class="pagenum" id="PageII198">[II-198]</span> -which the last is 7, which is increased exactly -sevenfold if this 7 is moved to the first place, is -<span class="nowrap">1,014,492,753,623,188,405,797.</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII31">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII32">32.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The two sacks of wheat, each 4 feet long -and 3 feet in circumference, which the farmer -sent to the miller in repayment for one sack 4 feet -long and 6 feet in circumference, far from being -a satisfactory equivalent, contained but half the -quantity of the larger sack, for the area of a circle -the diameter of which is double that of another -is equal to four times the area of that other.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII32">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII33">33.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The five gamblers, who made the condition -that each on losing should pay to the others as -much as they then had in hand, and who each -lost in turn, and had each £32 in hand at the -finish, started with £81, £41, £21, £11, and £6 -respectively.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII33">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII34">34.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If we know the square of any number, we -can rapidly determine the square of the next -number, without multiplication, by adding the -two numbers to the known square. Thus if -we know that the square of 87 is 7569,</p> - -<p class="noindent blankbefore75">then the square of 88 = 7569 + 87 + 88 = 7744;<br /> -so too the square of 89 = 7744 + 88 + 89 = 7921;<br /> -and the square of 90 = 7921 + 89 + 90 = 8100.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII34">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII35">35.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The two numbers which solve the <span class="nowrap">problem—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two numbers seek which make eleven,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Divide the larger by the less,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The quotient is exactly seven,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As all who find them will confess—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">are 1<sup>3</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub> and 9<sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub>, for 1<sup>3</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub> + -9<sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub> = 11, and <sup>77</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub> ÷ <sup>11</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub> = 7.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII35">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII36">36.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">There must be nine things of each sort, in -order that 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9<span class="pagenum" id="PageII199">[II-199]</span> -different selections may be made from twenty sorts -of things.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII36">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII37">37.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The women who had respectively 33, 29, -and 27 apples, and sold the same number for a -penny, receiving an equal amount of money, -began by selling at the rate of three a penny. -The first sold ten pennyworth, the second eight -pennyworth, and the third seven pennyworth.</p> - -<p>The first had then left three apples, the second -five, and the third six. These they sold at one -penny each, so that they received on the <span class="nowrap">whole—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Apple sales"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr5">The first</td> -<td class="right">10d.</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right">3d.</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">13d.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr5">The second</td> -<td class="right">8d.</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right">5d.</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">13d.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr5">The third</td> -<td class="right">7d.</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">+</td> -<td class="right">6d.</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="right">13d.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII37">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII38">38.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The <span class="nowrap">puzzle—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Take five from five, oh, that is mean!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take five from seven, and this is seen—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>fie</i>, <i>seen</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII38">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII39">39.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If a bun and a half cost three halfpence, -it is plain that each bun costs a penny, but, by -general custom, you buy seven for sixpence.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII39">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII40">40.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The hands of a watch would meet each -other twenty-five times in a day, if the minute-hand -moved backwards and the hour-hand -forwards. They are, of course, together at -starting.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII40">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII41">41.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The only way in which half-a-crown can -be equally divided between two fathers and two -sons, so that a penny is the smallest coin made -use of, is to give tenpence each to a grandfather, -his son, and his grandson.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII41">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII42">42.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If the number of the revolutions of a -bicycle wheel in six seconds is equal to the -number of miles an hour at which it is running, -the circumference of the wheel is 8<sup>4</sup>⁄<sub>5</sub> feet.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII42">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII43">43.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The hour that struck was twelve o’clock.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII43">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII200">[II-200]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII44">44.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> Sixty years.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII44">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII45">45.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If I jump off a table with a 20lb dumb-bell -in my hand there is no pressure upon me from -its weight while I am in the air.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII45">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII46">46.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If at a bazaar I paid a shilling on entering -each of four tents, and another shilling on -leaving it, and spent in each tent half of what -was in my pocket, and if my fourth payment -on leaving took my last shilling, I started with -45s., spending 22s. in tent 1, 10s. in tent 2, 4s. -in tent 3, and 1s. in tent 4, having also paid to -the doorkeepers 8s.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII46">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII47">47.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When rain is falling vertically at 5 miles -an hour, and I am walking through it at -4 miles an hour, the rain drops will strike the -top of my umbrella at right angles if I hold it at -an angle of nearly 39 degrees.</p> - -<p>As I walk along, meeting the rain, the effect -is the same as it would be if I was standing still, -and the wind was blowing the rain towards me -at the rate of 4 miles an hour.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII47">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII48">48.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When one monkey descends from the top -of a tree 100 cubits high, and makes its way to -a well 200 yards distant, while another monkey, -leaping upwards from the top, descends by the -hypotenuse to the well, both passing over an -equal space, the second monkey springs 50 cubits -into the air.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII48">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII49">49.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The steamboat which springs a leak 105 -miles east of Tynemouth Lighthouse, and, putting -back, goes at the rate of 10 miles an hour the -first hour, but loses ground to the extent in each -succeeding hour of one-tenth of her speed in -the previous hour, never reaches the lighthouse, -but goes down 5 miles short of it.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII49">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII201">[II-201]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII50">50.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> Twenty-one hens will lay ninety-eight -eggs in a week, if a hen and a-half lays an egg -and a-half in a day and a-half. Evidently one -egg is laid in a day by a hen and a-half, that is -to say three hens lay two eggs in a day. Therefore, -twenty-one hens lay fourteen eggs, in a -day, or ninety-eight in a week.</p> - -<p class="right">Q. E. D. (Quite easily done!)</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII50">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII51">51.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If the population of Bristol exceeds by -237 the number of hairs on the head of anyone -of its inhabitants that are not bald, at least 474 -of them must have the same number of hairs on -their heads.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII51">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII52">52.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> In tipping his nephew from seven different -coins, the uncle may give or retain each, thus -disposing of it in two ways, or of all in 2 × 2 × 2 × -2 × 2 × 2 × 2 ways. But as one of these ways -would be to retain them all, there are not 128, -but only 127 possible variations of the tip.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII52">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII53">53.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The prime number which fulfils the various -conditions of the question is 127. Increased -by one-third, excluding fractions, it becomes -169, the square of 13. If its first two figures -are transposed, and it is increased by one-third, -it becomes 289, the square of 17. If its first -figure is put last, and it is increased by one-third, -it becomes 361, the square of 19. If, finally, -its three figures are transposed, and then increased -by one-third, it becomes 961, the square of 31.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII53">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII54">54.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Six things can be divided between two -boys in 62 ways. They could be <i>carried</i> by two -boys in 64 ways (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2), but they -are not <i>divided</i> between two boys if all are given -to one, so that two of the 64 ways must be rejected.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII54">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII202">[II-202]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII55">55.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The highest possible score that the dealer -can make at six cribbage, if he is allowed to select -the cards, and to determine the order of play, is -78. The dealer and his opponent must each -hold 3, 3, 4, 4, the turn-up must be a 5, and -crib must have the knave of the suit turned up, -and 5, 5, 5. It will amuse many of our readers -to test this with the cards.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII55">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII56">56.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The picture frame must be 3 inches in -width all round, if it is exactly to equal in area -the picture it contains, which measures 18 inches -by 12 inches.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII56">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII57">57.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If my mother was 20 when I was born, -my sister is two years my junior, and my brother -is four years younger still, our ages are 56, 36, -34, and 30.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII57">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII58">58.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The spider in the dockyard, whose thread -was drawn from her by a revolving capstan 1 foot -in diameter, until 73 feet of it were paid out, -after walking for a mile round and round the -capstan at the end of the stretched thread in -an effort to unwind it all, had, when she stopped -in her spiral course, 49 more feet to walk to -complete her task.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII58">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII59">59.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The mountebank at a fair, who offered to -return any stake a hundredfold to anyone who -could turn up all the sequence in twenty throws -of dice marked each on one face only with 1, 2, 3, -4, 5, or 6, should in fairness have engaged to -return 2332 times the money; for of the 46,656 -possible combinations of the faces of the dice, -only one can give the six marked faces uppermost. -Thus the chance of throwing them all at -one throw is expressed by <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>46656</sub>, and in twenty -throws by about <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2332</sub>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII59">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII203">[II-203]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII60">60.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If 90 groats (each = 4d.) feed twenty cats -for three weeks, and five cats consume as much -as three dogs, seventy-two hounds can be fed -for £39 in a period of ninety-one days.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII60">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII61">61.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When equal wine-glasses, a half and a third -full of wine, are filled up with water, and their -contents are mixed, and one wine-glass is filled -with the mixture, it contains <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>12</sub> wine and <sup>7</sup>⁄<sub>12</sub> water.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII61">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII62">62.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The arrangement by which St Peter is -said to have secured safety for the fifteen Christians, -when half of the vessel’s passengers were -thrown overboard in a storm, is as <span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<p class="center highline15">XXXXIIIIIXXIXXXIXIIXXIIIXIIXXI</p> - -<p>Each Christian is represented by an X, and -if every ninth man is taken until fifteen have -been selected, no X becomes a victim.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII62">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII63">63.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If Farmer Southdown’s cow had a fine -calf every year, and each of these, and their -calves in their turn, at two years old followed -this example, the result would be no less than -2584 head in sixteen years.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII63">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII64">64.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The number of the flock was 301. This -is found by first taking the least common multiple -of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, which is 60, and then finding the -lowest multiple of this, which with 1 added is -divisible by 7. This 301 is exactly divisible by -7, but by the smaller numbers there is 1 as remainder.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII64">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII204">[II-204]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII65">65.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The rule for determining easily the number -of round bullets in a flat pyramid, with a base -line of any length, is <span class="nowrap">this:—</span></p> - -<p>Add a half to half the number on the base -line, and multiply the result by the number on -that line. Thus, if there are twelve bullets as -a <span class="nowrap">foundation—</span></p> - -<p class="center">12 + <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> = <sup>13</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>; and <sup>13</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> × -<sup>12</sup>⁄<sub>1</sub> = 78.</p> - -<p>The same result is reached by multiplying the -number on the base line by a number larger by -one, and then halving the result. <span class="nowrap">Thus—</span></p> - -<p class="center">12 × 13 = 156, 156 ÷ 2 = 78.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII65">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII66">66.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">We can gather from the <span class="nowrap">lines—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Old General Host<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A battle lost,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And reckoned on a hissing,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When he saw plain<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What men were slain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And prisoners, and missing.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">To his dismay<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He learned next day<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What havoc war had wrought;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He had, at most,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But half his host<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Plus ten times three, six, ought.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">One-eighth were lain<br /></span> -<span class="i2">On beds of pain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With hundreds six beside;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">One-fifth were dead,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Captives, or fled,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lost in grim warfare’s tide.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Now, if you can,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Tell me, my man,<br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageII205">[II-205]</span> -<span class="i0">What troops the general numbered,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When on that night<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Before the fight<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The deadly cannon slumbered?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">that old General Host had an army 24,000 strong.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII66">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII67">67.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When the farmer sent five pieces of chain -of 3 links each, to be made into one continuous -length, agreeing to pay a penny for each link cut, -and a penny for each link joined, the blacksmith, -if he worked in the best interest of the farmer, -could only charge sixpence: for he could cut -asunder one set of 3 links, and use these three -single links between the other four sets.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII67">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII68">68.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If, in a parcel of old silver and copper coins, -each silver piece is worth as many pence as there -are copper coins, and each copper coin is worth -as many pence as there are silver coins, there -are eighteen silver and six copper coins, when the -whole parcel is worth eighteen shillings.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII68">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII69">69.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">These are five groups that can be arranged -with the numbers 1 to 11 inclusive, so -that they are all <span class="nowrap">equal:—</span></p> - -<p class="center highline15">(8<sup>2</sup> - 5<sup>2</sup> + 1) = (11<sup>2</sup> - 9<sup>2</sup>) = (7<sup>2</sup> - -3<sup>2</sup>) = (6<sup>2</sup> + 2<sup>2</sup>) = 4(10).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII69">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII70">70.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> John Bull, under the conditions given, -lived to the age of eighty-four years.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII70">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII71">71.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The two numbers to each of which, or to -the halves of which, unity is added, forming in -every case a square number, are 48 and 1680.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII71">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII72">72.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The true weight of a cheese that seemed -to weigh 16 ℔s. in one scale of a balance with -arms of unequal length, and only 9℔s. in the -other, is 12℔. This is found by multiplying -the 16 by the 9, and finding the square root of -the result.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII72">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII206">[II-206]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII73">73.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The two parts into which 100 can be -divided, so that if one of them is divided by the -other the quotient is again exactly 100 are 99<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>101</sub> -and <sup>100</sup>⁄<sub>101</sub>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII73">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII74">74.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If, with marbles in two pockets, I add one -to those in that on the right, and then multiply -its contents by the number it held at first, and -after dealing in a similar way with those on the -left, find the difference between the two results -to be 90; while if I multiply the sum of the two -original quantities by the square of their difference -the result is 176, I started with twenty-three in -the right-hand pocket and twenty-one in the -other.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII74">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII75">75.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The circle of twenty-one friends who arranged -to meet each week five at a time for Bridge -so long as exactly the same party did not meet -more than once, and who wished to hire a central -room for this purpose, would need it for no less -than 20,349 weeks, or more than 390 years, to -carry out their plan.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII75">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII76">76.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If a herring and a half costs (not cost) a -penny and a half, the price of a dozen such quantities -is eighteenpence.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII76">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII77">77.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The sum of money which in a sense appears -to be the double of itself is 1s. 10d., for we may -write it <i>one</i> and <i>ten</i> pence or <i>two</i> and <i>twenty</i> pence.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII77">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII78">78.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The “comic arithmetic” question set by -Dr Bulbous <span class="nowrap">Roots—</span></p> - -<p>Divide my fifth by my first, and you have my -fourth; subtract my first from my fifth, and you -have my second; multiply my first by my fourth -followed by my second, and you have my third; -place my second after my first, and you have -my third multiplied by my fourth—is -solved by COMIC.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII78">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII207">[II-207]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII79">79.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If the earth could stand still, and a straight -tunnel could be bored through it, a cannon ball -dropped into it, if there is no air or other source -of friction, would oscillate continually from end -to end.</p> - -<p>Taking air into account, the ball would fall -short of the opposite end at its first lap, and in -succeeding laps its path would become shorter -and shorter, until its initial energy was exhausted, -when it would come to rest at the centre.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII79">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII80">80.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> He sent 163. She sent 157.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII80">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII81">81.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When twins were born the estate was -properly divided <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Division"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">Taking the daughter’s share as</td> -<td class="center">1</td> -<td rowspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">The widow’s share would be</td> -<td class="center">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">And the son’s share</td> -<td class="center">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">Total</td> -<td class="center bt"> 7 </td> -<td class="left">shares.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">So the son takes four-sevenths, the widow two-sevenths, -and the daughter one-seventh of the -estate.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII81">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII82">82.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If each of my strides forwards or backwards -across a 22 feet carpet is 2 feet, and I make -a stride every second; and if I take three strides -forwards and two backwards until I cross the -carpet, I reach the end of it in forty-three seconds. -In three steps I advance 6 feet. Then in two -steps I retrace 4 feet, thus gaining only 2 feet -in five steps, <i>i.e.</i>, in five seconds. I therefore -advance 16 feet in forty seconds, and three more -strides cover the remaining 6 feet.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII82">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII83">83.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If the captain of a vessel chartered to sail -from Lisbon to New York, which appear on a -map of the world to be on the same parallel -of latitude, and which are, along the parallel,<span class="pagenum" id="PageII208">[II-208]</span> -about 3600 miles apart, takes his ship along this -parallel, he will not be doing his best for the -impatient merchant who has had an urgent -business call to New York.</p> - -<p>The shortest course between the two points -is traced by a segment of a “great circle,” having -its centre at the centre of the earth, and touching -the two points. This segment lies wholly north -of the parallel, and is the shortest possible course.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII83">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII84">84.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When John and Harry, starting from the -right angle of a triangular field, run along its -sides, and meet first in the middle of the opposite -side, and again 32 yards from their starting point, -if John’s speed is to Harry’s as 13 to 11, the -sides of the field measure 384 yards.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII84">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII85">85.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If two sorts of wine when mixed in a flagon -in equal parts cost 15d., but when mixed so that -there are two parts of <i>A</i> to three of <i>B</i> cost 14d., -a flagon of <i>A</i> would cost 20d., and a flagon of <i>B</i> -10d.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII85">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII86">86.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If, when a man met a beggar, he gave him -half of his loose cash and a shilling, and meeting -another gave him half what was left and two -shillings, and to a third half the remainder and -three shillings, he had two guineas at first.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII86">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII87">87.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The clerk who has two offers of work from -January 1, one from <i>A</i> of £100 a year, with an -annual rise of £20, and the other from <i>B</i> of £100 -a year, with a half-yearly rise of £5, should -accept <i>B</i>’s offer.</p> - -<p>The half-yearly payments from <i>A</i> (allowing for -the rise), would be 50, 50, 60, 60, 70, 70, etc., etc.; -and from <i>B</i> they would be 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, -etc., etc., so that <i>B</i>’s offer is worth £5 a year more -than <i>A</i>’s always.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII87">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII209">[II-209]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII88">88.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If I have a number of florins and half-crowns, -but no other coins, I can pay my tailor -£11, 10s. in 224 different ways.</p> - -<p>This can be found thus by rule of thumb: -Start with 0 half-crowns and 115 florins. Then -4 half-crowns and 110 florins. Add 4 half-crowns -and deduct 5 florins each time till 92 -half-crowns and 0 florins is reached.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII88">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII89">89.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The monkey climbing a greased pole, -60 feet high, who ascended 3 feet, and slipped -back 2 feet in alternate seconds, reached the -top in 1 minute, 55 seconds, for he did not slip -back from the top.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII89">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII90">90.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When Adze, the carpenter, secured his -tool-chest with a puzzle lock of six revolving -rings, each engraved with twelve different letters, -the chances against any one discovering the -secret word formed by a letter on each ring was -2,985,983 to 1; for the seventy-two letters may -be placed in 2,985,984 different arrangements, -only one of which is the key.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII90">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII91">91.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The five married couples who arranged -to dine together in Switzerland at a round table, -with the ladies always in the same places, so -long as the men could seat themselves each -between two ladies, but never next to his own -wife, were able under these conditions to enjoy -thirteen of these nights at the round table.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII91">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII92">92.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If in a calm the tip of a rush is 9 inches -above the surface of a lake, and as the wind -rises it is gradually blown aslant, until at the -distance of a yard it is submerged, it is growing -in water that is 5 feet 7<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> inches deep.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII92">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII210">[II-210]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII93">93.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> Aminta was eighteen.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII93">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII94">94.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When Dick took a quarter of the bag of -nuts, and gave the one over to the parrot, and -Tom and Jack and Harry dealt in the same way -with the remainders in their turns, each finding -a nut over from the reduced shares for the bird, -and one was again over when they divided the final -remainder equally, there were, at the lowest -estimate, 1021 nuts in the bag.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII94">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII95">95.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Eight and a quarter is the answer to the -nonsense <span class="nowrap">question—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If five times four are thirty-three,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">What will the fourth of twenty be?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII95">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII96">96.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The similar fraction of a pound, a shilling, -and a penny which make up exactly a pound -are as <span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="One pound"> - -<tr> -<th colspan="2"> </th> -<th>s.</th> -<th colspan="2">d.</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4"><sup>240</sup>⁄<sub>253</sub> of £1 =</td> -<td rowspan="3"> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">18</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr0">11</td> -<td class="left padl0"><sup>169</sup>⁄<sub>253</sub></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4"><sup>240</sup>⁄<sub>253</sub> of 1s. =</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr0">11</td> -<td class="left padl0"><sup>97</sup>⁄<sub>253</sub></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4"><sup>240</sup>⁄<sub>253</sub> of 1d. =</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td class="left padl0"><sup>240</sup>⁄<sub>253</sub></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1 bt bbd">£1</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1 bt bbd"> 0</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr0 bt bbd"> 0</td> -<td class="bt bbd"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII96">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII97">97.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When Dr Tripos thought of a number, -added 3, divided by 2, added 8, multiplied by 2, -subtracted 2, and thus arrived at double the -number, he started with 17.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII97">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII98">98.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When <i>A</i> and <i>B</i> deposited equal stakes with -<i>C</i>, and agreed that the one who should first win -three games of billiards should take all, but -consented to a division in proper shares when -<i>A</i> had won two games and <i>B</i> one, it was evident -that if <i>A</i> won the next game all would go to him,<span class="pagenum" id="PageII211">[II-211]</span> -while if he lost he would be entitled to one half. -One case was as probable as the other, therefore -he was entitled to <i>half of these sums taken together</i>; -that is, to three quarters of the stakes, -and <i>B</i> to a quarter only.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII98">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII99">99.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The average speed of a motor which runs -over any course at 10 miles an hour, and returns -over the same course at 15 miles an hour, is -12 miles an hour, and not 12<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>, as might be -imagined. Thus a run of 60 miles out takes, -under the conditions, six hours, and the return -takes four hours; so that the double journey -of 120 miles is done in ten hours, at an average -speed of 12 miles an hour.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII99">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII100">100.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> Farmer Hodge, who proposed to divide -his sheep into two unequal parts, so that the -larger part added to the square of the smaller -part should equal the smaller part added to the -square of the larger part, had but one sheep.</p> - -<p>Faithful to his word, he divided this sheep into -two unequal parts, <sup>2</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub> and <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub>, and was able to -show that <sup>2</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub> + <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>9</sub> = <sup>7</sup>⁄<sub>9</sub>, -and that <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub> + <sup>4</sup>⁄<sub>9</sub> = <sup>7</sup>⁄<sub>9</sub>. He was -heard to declare further, and he was absolutely -right, that <i>no number larger than</i> 1 can be so -divided as to satisfy the conditions which he had -laid down.</p> - -<p>The fact that <i>sheep</i> is both singular and plural, -adds much to the perplexing points of this attractive -problem.</p> - -<p>Here is a very simple proof that the number -<i>must be</i> <span class="nowrap">1:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Sheep"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">Let</td> -<td class="right">a + b</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">no. of sheep</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">then</td> -<td class="right">a<sup>2</sup> + b</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">b<sup>2</sup> + a</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="right">a<sup>2</sup> - b<sup>2</sup></td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">a - b</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">or</td> -<td class="right">(a + b)(a - b)</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">a - b</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">therefore</td> -<td class="right">a + b</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">=</td> -<td class="left">1.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII100">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII212">[II-212]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII101">101.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">A horse that carries a load can draw a -greater weight <i>up the shaft of a mine</i> than a horse -that bears no burden. The load holds him -more firmly to the ground, and thus gives him -greater power over the weight he is raising from -below.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII101">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII102">102.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> In the six chests, of which two contained -pence, two shillings, and two pounds, there must -have been at least the value of 506 pence. This -can be divided into 22 (or 19 + 3) shares of 23d. -each, or 23 (19 + 4) shares of 22d. each. Evidently -then the treasure can be divided so that -19 men have equal shares, while their captain -has either 3 shares or 4 shares.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII102">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII103">103.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If I bought a parcel of nuts at 49 for 2d., -and divided it into two equal parts, one of which -I sold at 24, the other at 25 a penny; and if I -spent and received an integral number of pence, -but bought the least possible number of nuts, -I bought 58,800 nuts, at a cost of £10, and I -gained a penny.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII103">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII104">104.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When, with a purse containing sovereigns -and shillings, after spending half of its contents, -I found as many pounds left as I had shillings -at first, I started with £13, 6s.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII104">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII105">105.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When the lady replied to a question as -to her <span class="nowrap">age—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If first my age is multiplied by three,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And then of that two-sevenths tripled be,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The square root of two-ninths of this is four;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now tell my age, or never see me more—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">she was 28 years old.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII105">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII106">106.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If cars run, at uniform speed, from -Shepherd’s Bush to the Bank, at intervals of -two minutes, and I am travelling at the same<span class="pagenum" id="PageII213">[II-213]</span> -rate in the opposite direction, I shall meet 30 -in half-an-hour, for there are already 15 on the -track approaching me, and 15 are started from -the other end during my half hour’s course.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII106">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII107">107.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If it was possible to carry out my offer -of a farthing for every different group of apples -which my greengrocer could select from a basket -of 100 apples, he would be entitled to the stupendous -sum of £18,031,572,350 19s. 2d.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII107">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII108">108.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If the minute-hand of a clock moves -round between 3 and 4 in the opposite direction -to the hour-hand, the hands will be exactly together -when it is really 41<sup>7</sup>⁄<sub>13</sub> minutes past 3.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII108">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII109">109.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If the walnut monkey had stopped to help -the other, and they had eaten filberts at equal -rates, they would have escaped in 2<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub> minutes.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII109">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII110">110.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The value of the cheque, for which the -cashier paid by mistake pounds for shillings, -was £5, 11s. 6d. The receiver to whom £11, 5s. 6d. -was handed, spent half-a-crown, and then found -that he had left £11, 3s., just twice the amount -of the original cheque.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII110">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII111">111.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The number 14 can be made up by adding -together five uneven figures thus:—11 + 1 + 1 + 1. -It will be seen that although only four <i>numbers</i> -are used, 11 is made up of <i>two figures</i>.</p> - -<p>Here is another, and quite a curious solution, -1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4, and with another 1 we can make -up 14!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII111">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII112">112.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">A business manager can fill up three -vacant posts of varying value from seven applicants -in 210 different ways. For the first<span class="pagenum" id="PageII214">[II-214]</span> -post there would be a choice among 7, for the -second among 6, and for the third among 5, so -that the possible variations would amount to -7 × 6 × 5 = 210.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII112">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII113">113.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If the fasting man, who began his task -at noon, said it is now <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>11</sub> of the time to midnight, -he spoke at 3.45 p.m., meaning that <sup>5</sup>⁄<sub>11</sub> -of the remaining time till midnight had elapsed -since noon.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII113">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII114">114.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If a clock takes six seconds to strike 6, -it will take 12 seconds to strike 11, for there must -be ten intervals of 1<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>5</sub> seconds each.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII114">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII115">115.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> Twenty horses can be arranged in three -stalls, so that there is an odd number in each, -by placing one in the first stall, three in the second, -and sixteen (an odd number to put into any stall!) -in the third.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII115">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII116">116.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The little problem, “Given <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>c</i>, to -find <i>q</i>,” is solved, without recourse to algebra, -thus: <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>c</i>, = <i>c</i>, <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>; take a cab and go -over Kew Bridge, and you find a phonetic <i>Q</i>!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII116">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII117">117.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> Tom Evergreen was 75 years old when he -was asked his age by some men at his club in 1875, -and said—“The number of months that I have -lived are exactly half as many as the number -which denotes the year in which I was born.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII117">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII118">118.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> Eight different circles can be drawn. A -circle can have one of the three inside and two -outside in three ways, or one outside and three -inside in three ways (each of the three being -inside or outside in turn), or all three may be -inside, or all three may be outside, the touching -circle.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII118">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII215">[II-215]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII119">119.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The way to arrange 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, -so that used once each they form a sum which -is equal to 1 is <span class="nowrap">this:—</span></p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75 blankafter75"> -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">35</span><span class="bot">70</span></span> + -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">148</span><span class="bot">296</span></span> = 1</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII119">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII120">120.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The sum of the first fifty numbers may be -found without any addition thus:—The first -fifty numbers form twenty-five pairs of fifty-one -each (1 + 50, 2 + 49, etc., etc.), and 51 × 25 is -practically 51 × 100 ÷ 4 = 1275.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII120">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII121">121.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The tramcar <i>A</i>, which started at the same -time as <i>B</i>, but ran into a “lie by” in four minutes, -and waited there five minutes till <i>B</i> came along, -when they completed their courses at the same -moment in opposite directions, could have run -the whole distance in ten minutes.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII121">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII122">122.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> What remains will be 8 if we take 10 and -double it by writing one 10 over another so as -to form 18, and then deduct 10.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII122">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII123">123.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If the average weight of the Oxford -crew is increased by 2℔s., when one of them -who weighs 12 stone, is replaced by a fresh man, -the weight of that substitute is 13 stone 2℔s.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII123">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII124">124.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If a motor-car is twice as old as its tyres -were when it was old as its tyres are, and if, when -these tyres are as old as the car itself is now, -their united ages will be 2<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub> years, the car is now -12 months old, and the tyres have had 9 months’ -wear.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII124">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII216">[II-216]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII125">125.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"><i>A</i> and <i>B</i>, who could each carry provisions -for himself for twelve days, started to penetrate -as far as possible into a desert, on the understanding -that neither of them should miss a day’s food. -After an advance of four days, each had provisions -still for eight days. One gave four -portions of his store to his companion, which -did not overload him, and returned with the -other four. His comrade was then able to -advance another four days’ journey, and still -have rations for the eight days’ return. Thus -the furthest possible penetration into the desert -under the conditions was an eight days’ march.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII125">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII126">126.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If, when a bottle of medicine and its cork -cost half-a-crown, the bottle and the medicine -cost two and a penny more than the cork, the -cork cost twopence half-penny.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII126">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII127">127.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">A boat’s crew far from land, with no sail -or oars, and with no assistance from wind or -stream, or outside help of any kind, can regain -the shore by means of a coil of rope. Motion -is given to the boat by tying one end of the rope -to the after thwart, and giving the other end a -series of violent jerks in a direction parallel to -the keel. This curious illustration of mechanical -principles is from “Ball’s Mechanical Recreations.” -(<i>Macmillan.</i>)</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII127">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII128">128.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> It will be found that after a crown and as -many four-shilling pieces as possible have been -crammed into our pockets, there would still be -room for one sixpence and one threepenny-piece -in some corner or cranny. We can, therefore, -have one crown, one sixpence, one threepenny-piece, -and as many four-shilling pieces as our -pockets will hold, and yet be unable to give -change for a half-sovereign.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII128">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII217">[II-217]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII129">129.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">There were fifteen apples in the basket. -Half of these and half an apple, <i>i.e.</i>, eight were -first given, then half the remainder and half an -apple, <i>i.e.</i>, four, then on similar lines two, leaving -one in the basket.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII129">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII130">130.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The Queer <span class="nowrap">Division—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A third of twelve divide<br /></span> -<span class="i2">By just a fifth of seven;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And you will soon decide<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That this must give eleven—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by LV ÷ V, or 55 ÷ 5 = 11.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII130">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII131">131.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> A motor that goes 9 miles an hour uphill, -18 miles an hour downhill, and 12 miles an hour -on the level, will take 8 hours and 20 minutes to -run 50 miles out and return at once over the -same course.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII131">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII132">132.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The number of shots fired at a mark was -420 each by <i>A</i>, <i>B</i>, and <i>C</i>. <i>A</i> made 280 hits, <i>B</i> 315, -and <i>C</i> 336.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII132">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII133">133.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If a dog and a cat, evenly matched in -speed, run a race out and back over a course of -75 yards in all, and the dog always takes 5 feet -at a bound, and the cat 3 feet, the cat will win, -because at the turning point the dog overleaps -the half distance more than the cat does, and so -has a longer run in.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII133">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII134">134.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When a man caught up a wagon going -at 3 miles an hour, which was just visible to him -in a fog at a distance of 55 yards, and which he -saw for five minutes before reaching it, he was -walking at the rate of 3<sup>3</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub> miles an hour.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII134">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII218">[II-218]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII135">135.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Three horses, <i>A B C</i>, can be placed after -a race in thirteen different ways, thus:—<i>A B C</i>, -<i>A C B</i>, <i>B A C</i>, <i>B C A</i>, <i>C A B</i>, <i>C B A</i>, or <i>A B C</i> as -a dead heat; or <i>A B</i>, <i>A C</i>, or <i>B C</i> equal for the -first place; or <i>A</i> first with <i>B C</i> equal seconds; -or <i>B</i> first with <i>A C</i> equal seconds; or <i>C</i> first with -<i>A B</i> equal seconds.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII135">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII136">136.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The 34 points scored against Oxbridge -by the New Zealanders can be made up in two -ways, either by 8 tries and 2 converted tries, or -by 3 tries and 5 converted tries.</p> - -<p>The highest possible score on these lines is 10 -tries converted, equalling 50 points, and as the -New Zealanders’ score, if all tries are converted, -becomes four-fifths of this, their actual score -was 3 tries and 5 converted into goals.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII136">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII137">137.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The smallest number, of which the -alternate figures are cyphers, which is divisible -by 9 and by 11 is 909090909090909090909!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII137">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII138">138.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Our problem in which it is stated that <i>A</i> -with 8d. met <i>B</i> and <i>C</i> with five and three loaves, -and asked how the cash should be divided between -<i>B</i> and <i>C</i>, if all agreed to share the loaves. -Now each eats two loaves and two-thirds of a -loaf, and <i>B</i> gives seven-thirds of a loaf to <i>A</i>, -while <i>C</i> gives him one-third of a loaf. So <i>B</i> -receives 7d. and <i>C</i> 1d.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII138">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII139">139.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When, on opening four money-boxes containing -pennies only, it was found that those in the -first with half of all the rest, those in the second -with a third of the others, those in the third with a -fourth, and those in the fourth with a fifth of all -the rest, amounted in each case to 740, the four -boxes held £6. 1s. 8d., and the numbers of pennies -were 20, 380, 500, and 560.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII139">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII219">[II-219]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII140">140.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If two steamers, <i>A</i> and <i>B</i>, start together -for a trip to a distant buoy and back, and <i>A</i> -steams all the time at ten knots an hour, while -<i>B</i> goes outward at eight knots and returns at -twelve knots an hour, <i>B</i> will regain port later -than <i>A</i>, because its loss on the outward course -will not have been recovered on the run home.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII140">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII141">141.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If in London a new head to a golf club -costs four times as much as a new leather face, -while at St Andrews it costs five times as much, -and if the leather face costs twice as much in -London as in St Andrews, and if, including a -shilling paid for a ball, the charges in London -were twice as much as they would have been -at St Andrews, the London cost of a new head -is four shillings, and of a leather face a shilling.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII141">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII142">142.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When two children were asked to give -the total number of sheep and cattle in a pasture, -from the number of each sort, and one by subtraction -answered 10, while the other arrived at -11,900 by multiplication, the true numbers were -170 sheep, 70 cattle, 240 in all.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII142">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII143">143.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If a man picks up one by one fifty-two -stones, placed at such intervals on a straight road -that the second is a yard from the first, the third -3 yards from the second, and so on with intervals -increasing each time by 2 yards, and bring them -all to a basket placed at the first stone, he has to -travel about 52 miles, or, to be quite exact, 51 -miles, 1292 yards.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII143">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII144">144.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When, in the House of Commons, if the -Ayes had been increased by 50 from the Noes, -the motion would have been carried by 5 to 3;<span class="pagenum" id="PageII220">[II-220]</span> -and if the Noes had taken 60 votes from the Ayes -it would have been lost by 4 to 3, the motion -succeeded; 300 voted “Aye,” and 260 “No.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII144">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII145">145.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> There are 143 positions on the face of a -watch in which the places of the hour and minute-hands -can be interchanged, and still indicate -a possible time. There would be 144 such -positions but for the fact that at twelve o’clock -the hands occupy the same place.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII145">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII146">146.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If in a cricket match the scores in each -successive innings are a quarter less than in the -preceding innings, and the side which goes in -first wins by 50 runs, the complete scores of the -winners are 128 and 72, and of the losers 96 and -54.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII146">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII147">147.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When a ball is thrown vertically upwards, -and caught five seconds later, it has risen 100 feet. -It takes the same time to rise as to fall, and when -a body falls from rest, it travels a number of feet -represented by sixteen times the square of the -time in seconds.</p> - -<p>Hence comes the rule that the height in feet -of a vertical throw is found by squaring the time -in seconds of its flight, and multiplying by four.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII147">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII148">148.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The carpet which, had it been 5 feet -broader and 4 feet longer, would have contained -116 more feet, and if 4 feet broader and 5 longer -113 more, was 12 feet long and 9 feet broad.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII148">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII149">149.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When, in estimating the cost of a hundred -similar articles, shillings were read as pounds, -and pence as shillings, and the estimated cost -was in consequence £212, 18s. 4d. in excess of -the real cost, the true cost of each article was -2s. 5d.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII221">[II-221]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII149">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII150">150.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If the square of the number of my house -is equal to the difference of the squares of the -numbers of my next door neighbours’ houses, -and if my brother in the next street can say -the same of his house, though its number is not -the same as that of mine, our houses are numbered -8 and 4. In my street the even numbers -are all on one side, in my brother’s street they, -run odd and even consecutively, and so 8<sup>2</sup> = 10<sup>2</sup> -- 6<sup>2</sup>, and 4<sup>2</sup> = 5<sup>2</sup> - 3<sup>2</sup>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII150">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII151">151.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When two men of unequal strength have -to move a block which weighs 270 ℔s., on a light -plank 6 feet long, if the stronger man can carry -180 ℔s., the block must be placed 2 feet from -him, so that he may have that share of the load.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII151">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII152">152.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If a man who had twenty coins, some -shillings, and the rest half-crowns, were to -change the half-crowns for sixpences, and the -shillings for pence, and then found that he had -156 coins, he must have had eight shillings at -first.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII152">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII153">153.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If, when coins are placed on a table at -equal distances apart, so as to form sides of an -equilateral triangle, and when as many are taken -from the middle of each side as equal the square -root of the number on that side, and placed on -the opposite corner, the number on each side is -then to the original number as five is to four, -there are forty-five coins in all.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII153">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII154">154.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> When the gardener found that he would -have 150 too few if he set his posts a foot apart, -and seventy to spare if he set them at every -yard, he had 180 posts.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII154">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII222">[II-222]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII155">155.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> In order to buy with £100 a hundred -animals, cows at £5, sheep at £1, and geese at -1s. each, the purchaser must secure nineteen -cows, one sheep, and eighty geese.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII155">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII156">156.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If John, who is 21, is twice as old as -Mary was when he was as old as Mary is, Mary’s -age now is 15<sup>3</sup>⁄<sub>4</sub> years.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII156">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII157">157.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If in a cricket match <i>A</i> makes 35 runs, -and <i>C</i> and <i>D</i> make respectively half and a third -of <i>B</i>’s score, and if <i>B</i> scores as many less than -<i>A</i> as <i>C</i> scores more than <i>D</i>, <i>B</i> made 30, <i>C</i> 15, -and <i>D</i> 10 runs.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII157">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII158">158.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The least number which, divided by -2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, leaves remainders -1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, is 2519, their least common -multiple less 1.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII158">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII159">159.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> A square table standing on four legs, -which are set at the middle points of its sides, -can at most uphold its own weight upon one -of its corners.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII159">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII160">160.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The division of ninety-nine pennies, so -that share 1 exceeds share 2 by 3, is less than -share 3 by 10, exceeds share 4 by 9, and is less -than share 5 by 16, is 17, 14, 27, 8, and 33.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII160">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII161">161.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If Indians carried off a third of a flock -and a third of a sheep, and others took a fourth -of the remainder and a fourth of a sheep, and -others a fifth of the rest and three-fifths of a -sheep, and there were then 409 left, the full flock -was 1025 sheep.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII223">[II-223]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII161">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII162">162.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When a cistern which held fifty-three -gallons was filled by three boys, <i>A</i> bringing a pint -every three minutes, <i>B</i> a quart every five minutes, -and <i>C</i> a gallon every seven minutes, it took -230 minutes to fill it, and <i>B</i> poured in the final -quart, <i>A</i> and <i>C</i> <i>coming up one minute too late</i> to -contribute at the last.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII162">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII163">163.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> A man who said, late in the last century, -that his age then was the square root of the -year in which he was born, was speaking in the -year 1892.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII163">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII164">164.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> If when a dealer in curios sold a vase -for £119, his profit per cent., and the cost price -of the vase, were expressed by the same number, -it had cost him £70.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII164">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII165">165.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The chance of throwing at least one ace -in a single throw with a pair of dice is <sup>11</sup>⁄<sub>36</sub>, for there -are five ways in which each dice can be thrown -so as not to give an ace, so that twenty-five -possible throws exclude aces. Hence the chance -of <i>not</i> throwing an ace is <sup>25</sup>⁄<sub>36</sub>, which leaves <sup>11</sup>⁄<sub>36</sub> in -favour of it.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII165">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII166">166.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> The policeman who ran after a thief -starting four minutes later, and running one-third -faster, if they both ran straight along the -road, caught him in twelve minutes.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII166">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="CurCalcSolII167">167.</h5> - -<p class="hinline"> At a bazaar stall, where twenty-seven -articles are exposed for sale, a purchaser may -buy one thing or more, and the number of choices -open to him is one less than the continued product -of twenty-seven twos, or 134217727.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII167">Back to Description</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII224">[II-224]</span></p> - -<h5 id="CurCalcSolII168">VERY PERSONAL</h5> - -<p>168. When Nellie’s father <span class="nowrap">said:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I was twice as old as you are<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The day that you were born.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You will be just what I was then<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When fourteen years are gone—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">he was 42, and she was 14.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#CurCalcII168">Back to Description</a></p> - -<h4>WORD AND LETTER PUZZLES</h4> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII1">1.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The word square is completed <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII1">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII2">2.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The word square filled in <span class="nowrap">is:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td>C</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>C</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>M</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><i>Notice the curious diagonal of E’s.</i></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII2">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII3">3.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">In the incomplete sentence,</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="gesp2">SO * * * * AG * * * * LATI * * * * X * * * * ITH</span></p> - -<p class="noindent">the duplicate letters are filled in <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">SOME MEAGRE RELATIVE VEXED EDITH</p> - -<p>The two last letters of each word are repeated -as the two first of the word that follows.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII3">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII225">[II-225]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII4">4.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The word square is completed <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td>W</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>C</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII4">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII5">5.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">By twice building up two Ds into a B we -make BULBOUS.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII5">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII6">6.</h5> - -<p>The question put on paper to the love-lorn -youth, “Loruve?” is, when interpreted, “Are -you in love?” and the advice given -to him on another slip, “Prove -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top noline"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top noline">L</span> -<span class="bot">A F</span></span></span><span class="bot">D</span></span> and -ensure success,” -reads into, “Prove a fond lover, and -ensure success” (a f <i>on</i> d l <i>over</i>).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII6">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII7">7. DOUBLE ACROSTIC<br /> -ST. JAMES’ GAZETTE</h5> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Acrostic"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">S</td> -<td class="center">prin</td> -<td class="right padl4">G</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">T</td> -<td class="center">ar</td> -<td class="right padl4">A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">J</td> -<td class="center">abe</td> -<td class="right padl4">Z</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">A</td> -<td class="center">t</td> -<td class="right padl4">E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">M</td> -<td class="center">omen</td> -<td class="right padl4">T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">E</td> -<td class="center">mme</td> -<td class="right padl4">T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">S</td> -<td class="center">trik</td> -<td class="right padl4">E</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII7">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII8">8.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The completed word square <span class="nowrap">is—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>M</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII8">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII226">[II-226]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII9">9.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The oracular response to a young Frenchman -at a <i>fête</i>, who inquired how he could best -please the <span class="nowrap">ladies—</span></p> - -<p class="center">MEC DO BIC</p> - -<p class="noindent">conceals this sage <span class="nowrap">advice—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Aimez, cédez, obéissez!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Love, yield, obey!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII9">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII10">10.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The solution to our Letter Fraction -Problem is of a verbal character. The original statement</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top"> m </span> -<span class="bot">ot </span></span></span> -<span class="bot"> y </span></span><span class="down50pc"> = mo</span></p> - -<p class="noindent">is dealt with <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="noindent">m <i>on</i> ot <i>on</i> y = mo <i>not on</i> y, and so the word -monotony solves the equation.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII10">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII11">11.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The buried beasts are <i>chamois</i>, <i>buffalo</i>, -<i>heifer</i>, and <i>leopard</i>; and when the Oxford athlete -<span class="nowrap">cries—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“Though I jump and row and run,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cap or cup I never won”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">he introduces us to a <i>porcupine</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII11">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII12">12.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The <span class="nowrap">lines—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Fourteen letters here we fix,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Vowels only two are spoken;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All together these we mix<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Into what can not be broken—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>indivisibility</i>, which has many an <i>i</i>, -like a peacock’s tail.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII12">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII13">13.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The English word of thirteen letters in -which the same vowel occurs four times, the same -consonant six times, another twice, and another -once, is <i>Senselessness</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII13">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII14">14.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The condensed proverb “WE IS DO” -reads at its full length as “Well begun is half -done.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII14">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII227">[II-227]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII15">15.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">This is the completed word <span class="nowrap">square:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic square"> - -<tr> -<td>W</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>Y</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>H</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>Y</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>M</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII15">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII16">16.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Dr Whewell’s puzzle <span class="nowrap">lines—</span></p> - -<table class="whewell" summary="Riddle"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td class="bb2">O</td> -<td class="bb2">O</td> -<td class="bb2">N</td> -<td class="bb2">O</td> -<td class="bb2">O.</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>U</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>U</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>U</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>O</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O!</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">read <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center smcapall">OH SIGH FOR NO CIPHER</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">You sigh for a cipher, O, I sigh for you,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sigh for no cipher, O sigh for me too.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">You sigh for a cipher, I decipher so,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I sigh for no cipher, I sigh for you too!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII16">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII17">17.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">This is the completed <span class="nowrap">diamond:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Magic diamond"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>P</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>P</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>F</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>P</td> -<td>S</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>P</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>F</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>T</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td>P</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>T</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>N</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII17">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII18">18.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The <span class="nowrap">medley—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Tan HE Edsa VEN in<br /> -It N Gja SmeTs AsgN<br /> -aD Az Rett De</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p class="noindent">is read by taking first the capitals in their order, -and then the small type. It comes put out as “The -Evening Standard and Saint James’s Gazette.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII18">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII228">[II-228]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII19">19.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The statement, I can travel first-class on -the G.E.R. from 2222222244444500, reads into—from -22 to 2 to 22 to 4 for 44 4d; or, in plain -terms, from 1.38 to 3.38 for 14s. 8d. This works -out at about 3d. a mile, the usual allowance for -first-class, for two hours, at about 29 miles an -hour.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII19">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII20">20. A CURIOUS OLD INSCRIPTION</h5> - -<p>Read the inscription backwards, and it resolves -itself into the lines familiar to us in our -<span class="nowrap">childhood:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To see a fine lady ride on a grey horse.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Rings on her fingers and bells on her toes,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">She shall have music wherever she goes!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII20">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII21">21.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The reason why the invitation to Jack to -sample the Irish stew at Simpson’s was to be -kept in mind by the catch <span class="nowrap">words—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Join me at and<br /> -<span class="dontshow">Join me at a</span>i<br /> -<span class="dontshow">Join me at a</span>s</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p class="noindent">is because if you join <i>me</i> and <i>at</i>, and note that -<i>and</i> is <i>on i</i>, which is <i>on s</i>, you arrive at the suggestive -sentence—<i>meat and onions</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII21">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII22">22.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The labourer’s quaint letter, which ran -“Cepatomtogoatatrin,” was, in plainer English, -“Kept at home to go a tatering.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII22">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII23">23.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Our double acrostic comes out <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Problem—Puzzles</span><br /> -</p> - -<table class="dontwrap notopmargin" summary="Acrostic"> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">P</td> -<td class="center">a</td> -<td class="left padl4">P</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">(T) R</td> -<td class="center"> </td> -<td class="left padl4">U (E)</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">O</td> -<td class="center"> </td> -<td class="left padl4">Z</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">B</td> -<td class="center">o</td> -<td class="left padl4">Z</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">L</td> -<td class="center">eve</td> -<td class="left padl4">L</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">E</td> -<td class="center">v</td> -<td class="left padl4">E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr4">M</td> -<td class="center"> </td> -<td class="left padl4">S</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII23">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII229">[II-229]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII24">24.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The Hidden Proverb <span class="nowrap">is—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“Necessity is the mother of invention.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII24">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII25">25.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The “deed done” in our Will puzzle -is the making in Roman numerals of “Codicil.” -The lawyer was to set down, a hundred, to add -nothing, to set down five hundred, then one, -then another hundred, and then one more, and, -finally, fifty, and accordingly he wrote upon the -parchment the one word CODICIL.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII25">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII26">26.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The word square <span class="nowrap">is—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>I</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII26">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII27">27.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The notes of music A. G. A. E. A. over -the grave of a French musician, who was choked -by a fish bone, are in the French notation, “La -sol la mi la,” which reads into “La sole l’a mis 1à.”</p> - -<p>Similarly the inscription over the porch of -Gustave Doré’s house C. E. B. A. C. D. is equivalent -to “Do, mi, si, la, do, re,” which may be -taken to represent “Domicile à Doré.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII27">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII28">28.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When his best girl said to Jack Spooner, -“We can go to-morrow at 222222222222 LEY -STREET,” he understood her to mean, “We -can go to-morrow, at two minutes to two, to -two twenty-two, to 222 Tooley Street.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII28">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII29">29</h5> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="horsplit"><span class="top">C</span><span class="bot">T T T T T T T T T T</span></span> -spells <i>contents</i> (c on ten ts!).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII29">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII230">[II-230]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII30">30.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">We can treat the word <i>disused</i> so as to -affirm or to disallow the use of its initial or final -d, for we can write it <i>d is used</i>, or <i>disuse d</i>!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII30">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII31">31.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The title of the book shaken up into</p> - -<p class="center">E I O O O U<br /> -B C N N R R S S</p> - -<p class="noindent">is “Robinson Crusoe.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII31">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII32">32.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">If the letter M only is inserted in the proper -places in the <span class="nowrap">line—</span></p> - -<p class="center">A DEN I I CAN DOCK</p> - -<p class="noindent">it will read: <i>Madmen mimic and mock</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII32">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII33">33.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The quotation from <span class="nowrap">Shakespeare—</span></p> - -<p class="center"><span class="padr10">OXXU8</span> <span class="padl4">MAAULGIHCTE</span></p> - -<p class="center">NOR</p> - -<p class="noindent">is by interpretation:—“Nothing extenuate, nor -set down aught in malice.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII33">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII34">34.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The phonetic <span class="nowrap">nightmare—</span></p> - -<p class="center">Ieukngheaurrhphthewempeighghteaps—</p> - -<p class="noindent">is merely the word <i>unfortunates</i>. It can be -justified thus by English spelling of similar sound -taken letter by <span class="nowrap">letter:—</span></p> - -<p>u—iew in view; n—kn in know; f—gh in -tough; o—eau in beau; r—rrh in myrrh; t—phth -in phthisis; u—ewe; n—mp in comptroller; -a—eigh in neigh; t—ght in light; e—ea in tea; -and s—ps in psalm.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII34">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII35">35.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The word square is completed <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Letter square"> - -<tr> -<td>F</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>M</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>M</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII35">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII231">[II-231]</span></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII36">36. A QUAINT INSCRIPTION</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The millers leave the mill,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The wherrymen lower their sail;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The maltsters leave the kiln,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For a drop of the White Swan’s ale.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII36">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII37">37. A POET’S PI</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">TONDEBNIOTOCHUMFOARYHUR<br /></span> -<span class="i2">OTDIRECTTHAWHOTERSOFKLSYA;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">TIKATESTUBALIGHTSTILLETRUFLYR<br /></span> -<span class="i2">OTBOWLALLNFESLEAVARFWYAA<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is disentangled <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Don’t be in too much of a hurry<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To credit what other folks say;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It takes but a slight little flurry<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To blow fallen leaves far away.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII37">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII38">38. BURIED PLACES</h5> - -<p>The five buried places are Deal, London, Esk, -Perth, and Baden. The word is Ourangoutang.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII38">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII39">39.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">It is no offence to conspire in the evening, -because what is treasonable is <i>reasonable after t</i>!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII39">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII40">40.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The bit of <span class="nowrap">botany—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Inscribe an <i>m</i> above a line,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And write an <i>e</i> below,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This woodland flower is hung so fine<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It bends when zephyrs blow—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by, -<span class="horsplit"><span class="top">m</span><span class="bot">e</span></span>, -<i>an em on e</i>, the delicately hung -wind-flower.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII40">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII232">[II-232]</span></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII41">41. A PIED PROVERB</h5> - -<p>The pied proverb, is “A rolling stone gathers -no moss.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII41">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII42">42.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The Drop Letter <span class="nowrap">Proverb—</span></p> - -<p>E..t. .e.s..s .a.e .h. .o.. -..i.e, is—<i>Empty vessels make the most -noise</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII42">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII43">43.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The English word of five syllables, which -has eight letters, five of them vowels—namely -an a, an e, twice i, and y—is <i>Ideality</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII43">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII44">44.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">TORMENT may be turned into RAPTURE, -using four links, changing only one letter -each time, and varying the order of the letters, -thus: TORMENT, <i>portent</i>, <i>protest</i>, <i>pratest</i>, -<i>praters</i>, RAPTURE.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII44">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII45">45.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The pied <span class="nowrap">sentence—</span></p> - -<p>a a c e e e f f h h i i i i i m n n o o o p r r s s t t t t t</p> - -<p class="noindent">can be cast into the <span class="nowrap">proverb—</span></p> - -<p>“Procrastination is the thief of time.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII45">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII46">46.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The English sentence, when the letter <i>o</i> is -added, <span class="nowrap">reads:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“Good old port for orthodox Oxford dons.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII46">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII47">47</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">One vowel in an English word is found,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which by eight consonants is hedged around—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>Strengths</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII47">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII48">48.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The letters AAAAABBNNIIRSSTT form -the word <i>Antisabbatarians</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII48">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII233">[II-233]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII49">49.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The quotation from Shakespeare,</p> - -<p class="center">KINI</p> - -<p class="noindent">stands for “A little more than kin, and less than -kind.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII49">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII50">50.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The two English words which have the -first six letters of the alphabet among their ten -letters are <i>fabricated</i> and <i>bifurcated</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII50">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII51">51. SHIFTING NUMBERS</h5> - -<p>The letter <i>A</i> stands at the head of the letters -of the alphabet. For <i>bed</i> 3 of these are used; -for <i>goal</i>, 4; for <i>prison</i>, 6; for <i>six</i>, 3; for <i>three</i>, 5. -The letter <i>A</i> is not used in the spelling of the -name of any number from 1 to 100, but it makes -up, with the other vowels, the number 6.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII51">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII52">52.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The prodigal’s letter to his father, “Dear -Dad, keep 1000050,” in reply to a suggestion for -safeguarding some of his prospects, was written -in playful impudence; and its interpretation is, -“Dear Dad, keep cool!” for the figures in -Roman numerals are COOL.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII52">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII53">53. BURIED POETS</h5> - -<p>The poets’ names buried in the <span class="nowrap">lines—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The sun is darting rays of gold<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon the moor, enchanting spot;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whose purpled heights, by Ronald loved,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Up open to his Shepherd cot.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">And sundry denizens of air<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Are flying, aye, each to his nest;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And eager make at such an hour<br /></span> -<span class="i2">All haste to reach the mansions blest.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">are Gray, Moore, Byron, Pope, Dryden, Gay, -Keats, and Hemans.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII53">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageII234">[II-234]</span></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII54">54.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">When <i>A. B.</i> gave up the reins of government, -and <i>C.B.</i> took office in his place, the two -verbs, similar in all respects, except that the one -is longer by one letter than the other, which -expressed the change, were <i>resigns</i>—<i>reigns</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII54">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII55">55</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Underdone mutton and onion make between you and me,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A glutton a little seedy after a capital tea.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII55">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII56">56</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">First a <i>c</i> and <i>a t</i>, last <i>a c</i> and a <i>t</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With a couple of letters between,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Form a sight that our eyes are delighted to see,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Unless in their sight it is seen—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>Cataract</i>. The first line reads, First -a <i>c</i> and <i>a t</i>, last <i>a c</i> and a <i>t</i>, that is <i>cat</i> and <i>act</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII56">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII57">57.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">Cuba.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII57">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII58">58.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The Rebus T S is solved by the words -<i>tones</i> and <i>tans</i>, <i>t</i> before <i>one s</i>, or <i>t</i> before <i>an s</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII58">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 class="inline" id="WordLetterSolII59">59.</h5> - -<p class="hinline">The phonetic <span class="nowrap">phrase—</span></p> - -<p class="center">INXINXIN—</p> - -<p class="noindent">is, <i>Ink sinks in</i>!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII59">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="WordLetterSolII60">A GOOD END</h5> - -<p>60. Finis (<span class="smcapall">F IN IS</span>).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordLetterII60">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2 id="PartIII"><b>PART III.</b></h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h3 class="toc">CONTENTS</h3> - -<table class="toc" summary="ToC"> - -<tr> -<th> </th> -<th class="right padl2 fsize80">PAGE </th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Word Puzzles</span>, <span class="smcap">Missing Words</span>, -<span class="smcap">Letter Puzzles</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageIII1">1</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Anagrams</span>, <span class="smcap">Picture Puzzles</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageIII48">48</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Palindromes</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageIII108">108</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="subject"><span class="smcap">Solutions</span></td> -<td class="pageno"><a href="#PageIII111">111</a></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII1">[III-1]</span></p> - -<h3>WORD PUZZLES</h3> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_I">No. I—AN EARLY CRYPTOGRAM</h4> - -<p>The use of some sort of grille was not uncommon -in olden days among the many methods then -employed for secret correspondence. Here is an -early and interesting <span class="nowrap">specimen:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo435.png" alt="Key" /> -<p class="center illotext w10m">VENITE PAUPERES</p> -</div> - -<p>An important despatch would appear to be a -mere confusion of letters, until it fell into the -right hands, and this perforated key was laid over -it, when the intended instructions were at once -revealed, and read in the openings of the tracery.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII2">[III-2]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_II">No. II.—A MANIFOLD MONOGRAM</h4> - -<p>Here, by seven straight lines and one circle, a -manifold monogram is formed.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo436.png" alt="Monogram" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Within its borders we find a circle, a square, a -parallelogram, a triangle, the vowels a, e, i, o, u; -the consonants, C, D, H, K, L, M, T, W; and -other forms and figures.</p> - -<h3>MISSING WORDS</h3> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII1">1. PICKING AND STEALING</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What tempting ...... beguiled the boy to sample<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fruit that hung ...... on the parson’s trees?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">...... upon ...... shall make him an example<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When the stern ...... has brought him to his knees.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII1">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII3">[III-3]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_III">No. III.—A BOOK AND ITS AUTHOR</h4> - -<p>What well-known book and its author may be -represented <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container10m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo437.png" alt="A l l" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_III">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII2">2. A SWARM OF MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<p>No less than eight different words, spelt with -the same six letters, are available to fill the gaps -in the following <span class="nowrap">lines:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Man of the dark room, ...... none I find<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon these ...... of likeness to my features.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">...... then nought, O man of evil mind,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who ...... thus to libel fellow-creatures?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Evil thus done ...... upon the doer,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The ...... in thy conduct, Sir, are many;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">...... thy life, and let thy crimes be fewer,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or all thy ...... of good won’t fetch a penny!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII2">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII4">[III-4]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_IV">No. IV.—ON THE SHUTTERS</h4> - -<p>Upon the shutters of a barber’s shop the -following legend was painted in bold <span class="nowrap">letters:—</span></p> - -<div class="shutters"> - -<div class="split5050"> - -<div class="left5050"> - -<p>No. <br /> -John Mar<br /> -in atten<br /> -from 8 a.m. <br /> -Barber <br /> -Hair C<br /> -The bald cry a<br /> -for hi<br /> -as displayed <br /> -which make hair g<br /> -Closes </p> - -</div><!--left5050--> - -<div class="right5050"> - -<p>I<br /> -shall<br /> -dance<br /> -daily<br /> -and<br /> -utter<br /> -loud<br /> -s creams<br /> -in this window<br /> -listen<br /> -after 8 p.m.</p> - -</div><!--right5050--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split5050--> - -</div><!--shutters--> - -<p>One evening about 8.30, when it was blowing -great guns, quite a crowd gathered round the -window, and seemed to be enjoying some excellent -joke. What was amusing them when one shutter -blew open?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_IV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII3">3. NO HEART!</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">False Kate! ... .... . ...... ’s nest,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">.. ..... the Upas tree,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I will not budge, ... .... to rest,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">.. .... . coward be.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">No, not .... ... enough their sting<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To drive me back to thee;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">None swifter meet thy beckoning<br /></span> -<span class="i2">.... ... the hills I flee.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">... .... frosts less my love would quell.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Rather than seek thy side,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of ... .... horse I love so well<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I’ll ... .... hoofs and hide!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The number of letters in each word of the -missing phrases is indicated by dots, and the seven -letters in each case are those that spell also “no -heart,” which we give as a title and clue.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII3">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII5">[III-5]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_V">No. V.—A PHONETIC MAXIMUM</h4> - -<p>How far phonetic spelling may be pushed, is -illustrated by the following swarm of variations -given in a book published at Enfield in <span class="nowrap">1829:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap fsize90" summary="Spellings"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">Scissars</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">ers</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">irs</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">ors</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">urs</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">yrs</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">Scisars</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">Sciszars</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">Scizars</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">Scizscars</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr1">Scizzars</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">—</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">„</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Or the word may start with Sis, Siss, Siz, Sys, -Syss, Syzz, Syzs, Syz, Cis, Ciss, Ciz, Cisz, Cysz, Cyz, -Cyzz. By substituting “z” for the final “s” -we may double the number, and reach a total of -1224.</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII4">4. UNNATURAL HISTORY</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">’Neath ...... Indian seas fierce battles spread<br /></span> -<span class="i2">’Twixt ...... hermit-crabs and other shellfish!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With horrid ...... when their foes are dead,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">These crabs declare their shells ......, so selfish!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII4">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII6">[III-6]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_VI">No. VI.—SOLVITUR AMBULANDO</h4> - -<p>On this chequered floor, paved with slabs each -a foot square, the palindrome word ROTATOR -can be traced in various ways.</p> - -<table class="rotator" summary="Floor tiles"> - -<tr> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>If a man walks over it, taking one slab at every -step, and never lengthening his strides, how many -steps will he take in tracing every possible variation -of the word, and how many such variations -are there?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_VI">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII7">[III-7]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_VII">No. VII.—A CURIOUS CHRONOGRAPH</h4> - -<p>A bachelor clergyman, whose initials were -I.E.V., had built a fernery with the profits of his -tracts on the deceased wife’s sister question. He -dated it on a mural tablet <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Tablet"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="text"><span class="smcap">My LateVVIfe’ssIsterbVILtthIs VVaLL;<br /> -bVT I In trVth<br /> -neVer VVeD any VVIfe at aLL,<br /> -nor VVont forsooth,<br /> -saIth I. e. V.</span></td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>If the Roman numerals are extracted from this -inscription, and added together, they amount to -1884, the desired date.</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII5">5</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though ——— secure and ——— in his cage,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Our Polly, when ———, will fly into a rage.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII5">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII6">6</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">All courtly honours are but light<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As grains that from a ——— fly;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And he who wears the ——— bright<br /></span> -<span class="i2">May haply in a ——— die.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII6">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII7">7</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I’d rather from a ——— eat,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I give my sacred word,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Than dine in slums where ——— meet,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And ——— pedlars herd.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII7">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII8">[III-8]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_VIII">No. VIII.—AN OLD SAMPLER</h4> - -<p>In the drawer of a cabinet that had belonged -to my grandmother I came upon an old sampler, -beautifully worked in scarlet cross-stitch. Its -very curious legend runs as <span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<table class="sampler" summary="Sampler"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td colspan="2" class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="9" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td> </td> -<td class="left padl6 padr1">AL. IT.</td> -<td rowspan="9" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">T.L</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">EW. O. MA!</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">N.T.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">Ho! UGH. AVE. Ryli.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">T.T.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">Let. Hi! N.G.I.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">S.S.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">We. Et. Erf. Art. Ha!</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">N.S.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">Ug. Ara. N.D.F. Lo!</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">W.E.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">R.S.T. Ha! TB.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">L.O.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">O! Mins. Pri.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="left padl8 padr1">N. G.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td colspan="2" class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_VIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII8">8</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A much married ....... of Cadiz<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Once ....... some riotous ladies.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To ....... him they chucked<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A ......., but he ducked,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which ....... these rude ladies of Cadiz.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The five missing words are spelt with the same -seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII8">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII9">9. THE LASS AND HER LOVER</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A lass and her lover were ——— by the sky<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Not to ——— too far where no shelter was nigh.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">She lingered behind, and —— — old church,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">St. ——— by name, and was left in the lurch.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">She tried a short cut through a park on the grass,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But sternly the ——— forbade her to pass;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then helplessly stood the disconsolate maid,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When the lad she was soon to —— —— to her aid.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII9">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII9">[III-9]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_IX">No. IX.—THE LANDLORD’S PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>The following curious Missing Words Puzzle is -to be seen on a card which hangs in the bar of -an inn in the Isle of <span class="nowrap">Man:—</span></p> - -<table class="landlord" summary="Puzzle"> - -<tr> -<td class="br">I had both—</td> -<td class="br">by both I set great store</td> -<td>and a—</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br">I lent my—</td> -<td class="br">and took his word therefor;</td> -<td>to my—</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br">I asked my—</td> -<td class="br">and nought but words I got.</td> -<td>from my—</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br">I lost my—</td> -<td class="br">for sue him I would not.</td> -<td>and my—</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br"> </td> -<td class="br"> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br">At length with—</td> -<td class="br">which pleased me very well,</td> -<td>came my—</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br">I had my—</td> -<td class="br">away quite from me fell:</td> -<td>but my—</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br">If I’d both—</td> -<td class="br">as I have had before,</td> -<td>and a—</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="br">I’d keep my—</td> -<td class="br">and play the fool no more.</td> -<td>and my—</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>It is to be read <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza nomargin"> -<span class="i0">I had both <i>money</i> and a <i>friend</i>, by both I set great store,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I lent my <i>money</i> to my <i>friend</i>, and took his word therefor,<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent"><i>and so on to the end</i>.</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII10">10</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When ———— smiles, and sunbeams play<br /></span> -<span class="i2">On flowers that ———— and deck the green,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">———— can match the scene so gay<br /></span> -<span class="i2">———— they crown the May-day queen?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same -seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII10">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII11">11</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">’Tis said of William, while his forces rested<br /></span> -<span class="i0">On Albion’s ———, when Harold had been bested,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He made the ——— of his ——— fuse<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Saxon spear-heads, to fashion into shoes.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII11">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII10">[III-10]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_X">No. X.—DECAPITATED WORDS</h4> - -<p>The decapitated words are in <span class="nowrap">italics:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The ship rode in an <i>eastern</i> bay,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Asleep <i>astern</i> the master lay,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A <i>stern</i> and rugged man was he,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And, like a <i>tern</i>, at home at sea.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like swooping <i>ern</i> he caught his prey<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whene’er an <i>R.N.</i> came his way;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But while due <i>N.</i> the needle kept<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He in his cabin lay and slept.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The ern, or erne, is the sea-eagle.</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII12">12</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Happiness, brighter than ———, is dead;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Life’s battle, sterner and ——— now,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Heals the sore ——— that love left as it fled,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">——— remembrance of long broken vow!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII12">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII13">13. AN AUTHOR’S EPIGRAM</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Press critics fall on me like sharks;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“A shameless ....... of odds and ends,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No ....... original,” and more remarks<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In adverse mood. But stay, my friends,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He ....... best who hath his record clean;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My faults are published, yours are yet unseen!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words have the same seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII13">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII14">14</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">...... are his ......, fashion-forms of grace<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In ...... deftly hinted.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">...... soft as ......, crowned by Beauty’s face,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In ...... hues are tinted.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The six missing words are spelt with the same -six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII14">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII11">[III-11]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XI">No. XI.—AN ANCIENT ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>On the front of a church, in the Largo Remedios, -at Braga, in Portugal, there is an inscription -which, with its letter-perfect Anagram, runs as -<span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Inscription"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="8" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4 gesp1">BEATUS IOANNES MARCUS</td> -<td rowspan="8" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4 gesp1">CHRISTI DOMINI DISCIPULUS</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center linerow"><img src="images/illo445a.png" alt="Line" class="line1" /></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4 gesp1">ANAGRAM</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center linerow"><img src="images/illo445b.png" alt="Line" class="line2" /></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4 gesp1">IS IN MUNDO PIUS EST MEDICUS</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4 gesp1">TUIS INCOLIS, BRACHARA</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center linerow"><img src="images/illo445c.png" alt="Line" class="line3" /></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">which may be rendered—“Blessed John Mark, -disciple of Christ the Lord.” <i>He in this world is -the holy healer of thy people Braga!</i></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII15">15</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When Kate — ——— —— —— displayed<br /></span> -<span class="i2">— —— — hide a tear;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“All love is dead — ———,” he said.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“———— I’ll —— ——!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing word and groups of words are spelt with the same seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII15">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII16">16</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Some grinding at the ——— must toil,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Down-trodden ——— of to-day;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">While other children of the soil<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In vast ——— their wealth display.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII16">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII12">[III-12]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XII">No. XII.—STRIKE A BALANCE</h4> - -<p>This diagram shows that the odd numbers of -the 9 digits add up to 25, and the even numbers -to 20.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo446.png" alt="Calculations" /> -</div> - -<table class="dontwrap illotext" summary="Calculations"> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 1</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 3</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 5</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 7</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 9</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 8</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"><span class="bt">25</span></td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"><span class="bt">20</span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Can you arrange the 9 digits in two groups in -which the odd numbers and the even will add -up to exactly the same sum?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII17">17</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Betrayed by faithless friends, in ——— mood<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Man ——— his fellows as the ——— brood.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII17">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII18">18. HONEST INDIAN</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With divers —— his —— is scarred,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He hangs a bangle in his nose;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Such marks secure his —— regard,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Exalt his fame, and —— his foes.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same four -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII18">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII13">[III-13]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XIII">No. XIII.—HKISTA!</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">MRS LR’S SR<br /></span> -<span class="i0">MR LR KRS.<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“BLR MR LR!”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">MRS LR HRS.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>How do you read these lines and their title?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII19">19. ON THE OCEAN WAVE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">———— who, as we ———— roll,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">———— for me the foaming bowl,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And ———— off unfriendly spray<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With oilskin cape, thou shalt not say<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“In vain I’ve ———— my favours here.”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’ll think of thee when port is near!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The four missing words are spelt with the -same seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII19">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII20">20. THE ZENANA MISSION</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With high ——— for hearts and hands,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">These ——— ——— for distant lands.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The three missing words are spelt with the -same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII20">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII21">21</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The ———— of his speech did not<br /></span> -<span class="i2">———— his audience a jot.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">They greeted all he said thereafter<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With ————, smiles, and open laughter.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words have the same seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII21">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII22">22</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To convent shrine at break of day<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With ——— together nuns repair;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Mid gleaming ——— they kneel and pray,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">And chanted ——— allays each care.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Spelt with the same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII22">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII14">[III-14]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XIV">No. XIV.—IN MEMORIAM</h4> - -<p>The following puzzle-epitaph was engraved on -a tombstone in Durham <span class="nowrap">Cathedral:—</span></p> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Inscription"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td colspan="8" class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="6" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="left padl4 padr0">WEON</td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">.</td> -<td colspan="2" class="left padl0 padr0">CEW</td> -<td class="center">.</td> -<td class="left padl1 padr0">ERET</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2">.</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4">WO</td> -<td rowspan="6" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padl4 padr0">WET</td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">.</td> -<td colspan="2" class="left padl0 padr0">WOM</td> -<td class="center">.</td> -<td class="left padl1 padr0">ADEO</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2">.</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4">NE</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padl4 padr0">NON</td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">.</td> -<td colspan="2" class="left padl0 padr0">EFIN</td> -<td class="center">.</td> -<td class="left padl1 padr0">DUST</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2">.</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4">WO</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padl4 padr0">NO<span class="padl1"> .</span></td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">WLI</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2"> . </td> -<td class="right padl0 padr0">F</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr0">EB</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr0"><span class="padl1 padr1">.</span>EGO</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2">.</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4">NE</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8" class="center higherline">WILLIAM and MARGARET<br />TAYLOR</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8" class="center higherline">Anno Domini 1665.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bt2"> </td> -<td colspan="8" class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII23">23</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Here once, as a hag is bedizened with paint,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A ——— ——— ——’— in the garb of a saint.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The three missing words are spelt with the -same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII23">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII24">24. IN PRAISE OF SUSSEX</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sussex! No ——— of a bygone age<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Ride through thy ——— to-day with shield and ———,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And ——— no horseflesh so they may engage<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To save some damozel from harm or fear.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Who now would give a thought to ——— or peaches?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He truly farms who ——— a golden store;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And, though he cannot ——— the simplest speeches,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">——— down expense, and savings has galore!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same five -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII24">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII15">[III-15]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XV">No. XV.—A FRENCH WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Here is an excellent French Word Square of -seven <span class="nowrap">letters:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>N</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>G</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>This is a worthy companion to the English -seven-letter squares on “<a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXX">Problem</a>” and -“<a href="#WordPuzzIII_XLII">Palated</a>,” which are given on other pages.</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII25">25</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">——— in the ——— far away,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Remote alike from heaven and hell,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The silent ———, so poets say,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who shape the ends of mortals dwell.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII25">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII26">26</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In all our ——— the mechanician’s skill<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now compasses the rogue with artful wile.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The patent ——— and the “tell tale” till<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Beset his way who ——— the path of guile,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Besotted youth, who ——— to defy<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The rule of right, beware his awful fate<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who, sitting down to eat a stolen pie,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">——— the eighth commandment on the plate!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Spelt with the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII26">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII16">[III-16]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XVI">No. XVI.—A QUAINT EPITAPH</h4> - -<p>This epitaph, most of it in some sort of dog -Latin, tells its own pathetic tale on its tablet.</p> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Epitaph"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="left padl4 padr4 gesp2">IT - OBIT - MORTI - MERA<br /> -PUBLI - CANO - FACTO - NAM<br /> -AT - RES - T - M - ANNO - XXX<br /> -ALETHA - TE - VERITAS<br /> -TE - DE - QUA - LV - VASTO<br /> -MI - NE - A - JOVI - ALTO<br /> -PERAGO - O - DO - NE - AT<br /> -STO - UT - IN - A - POTOR - AC<br /> -AN - IV - VAS - NE - VER - A</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center higherline fsize110"><b>R - I - P</b></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII27">27</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The .... with .... importunate<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To rule his .... may try;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His .... is so unfortunate<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That .... they may reply!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same -four letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII27">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII28">28. “TURN AGAIN WHITTINGTON!”</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In all the pomp of —— and chains<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He lords it o’er the town;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The —— of his hopes he gains<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who —— with half-a-crown.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same four letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII28">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII17">[III-17]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XVII">No. XVII.—A TRAGIC CALENDAR</h4> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Poem"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="tragicpoem">Jan-et was quite ill one day;<br /> -Feb-rile troubles came her way.<br /> -Mar-tyr like, she lay in bed,<br /> -Apr-oned nurses softly sped.<br /> -May-be, said the leech judicial,<br /> -Jun-ket would be beneficial.<br /> -Jul-eps, too, though freely tried,<br /> -Aug-ured ill, for Janet died.<br /> -Sep-ulchre was sadly made,<br /> -Oct-aves pealed and prayers were said.<br /> -Nov-ices with many a tear<br /> -Dec-orated Janet’s bier.</td> -<td class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bt2"> </td> -<td class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII29">29. A SAUCY JADE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A writer quite devoid of tact,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">She valued ——— more than fact.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A wayward ——— she made her muse<br /></span> -<span class="i2">On ——— and noble heaped abuse.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dealt ——— on ——— to prince or peer,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Her ——— wit a paltry jeer.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII29">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII30">30. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Of all destructive country pests<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The farmer ..... ..... least;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He cannot yet the puzzle .....<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How to suppress the beast!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words have the same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII30">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII18">[III-18]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XVIII">No. XVIII.—A DIAMOND PALINDROME</h4> - -<p>Within the four corners of this Mystic Diamond -the Palindrome, NAME NO ONE MAN, can be -traced in 16,376 different directions, in straight -lines, or at right angles, starting from the centre -or from the borders.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo452.png" alt="Diamond" /> -</div> - -<p class="center illotext fixedwidth gesp8"><span class="fsize110">N<br /> -NaN<br /> -NamaN<br /> -NamemaN<br /> -NamenemaN<br /> -NamenonemaN<br /> -NamenooonemaN<br /> -NamenoonoonemaN<br /> -NamenoonenoonemaN<br /> -NamenoonemenoonemaN<br /> -NamenoonemamenoonemaN<br /> -NamenoonemaNamenoonemaN<br /> -NamenoonemamenoonemaN<br /> -NamenoonemenoonemaN<br /> -NamenoonenoonemaN<br /> -NamenoonoonemaN<br /> -NamenooonemaN<br /> -NamenonemaN<br /> -NamenemaN<br /> -NamemaN<br /> -NamaN<br /> -NaN<br /> -N</span></p> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII31">31. TO THE FRESH AIR FUND<br /> -OH THE ——— OF THE ———.</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The ——— of darkest London are radiant with ———,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You can ——— it in their ——— little faces.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So wherever you ——— let it be your heart’s ———<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To ease the ——— and sorrows of all ———.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words in the title and those in -the first and third lines each contain six letters. -Those in the second four, and in the fourth five.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII31">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII19">[III-19]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XIX">No. XIX.—SHAKESPEARE RECAST</h4> - -<p>If you start with the right letter in this combination, -and then take every third letter, -a well-known quotation from Shakespeare will be -formed.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo453.png" alt="Riddle" /> -</div> - -<div class="centerblock illotext"> - -<p class="noindent smcap"> -House.canoe.after.<br /> -hour.print.cave.child<br /> -sash.sleve.acorn.<br /> -ample.sad.tatta.hena<br /> -mat.ache.cake.taches.<br /> -heliac.sacque.usual.<br /> -arbor.see.mulch.jacur.<br /> -use.stop.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII32">32. THE FLIRT THAT FAILED</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">She ...... in vain, “Men are ......, and as shy<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As ...... in October,” she says with a sigh.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII32">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII33">33</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When good men lapse the ....... grins,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When one ....... he swears,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And strives to set his former sins<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Against his ....... prayers.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII33">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII20">[III-20]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XX">No. XX.—A DOUBLE ACROSTIC</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">An old Italian bird we know<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whose heart is ever touched by snow.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>1. None can press me without pain</p> - -<p><span class="dontshow">1. </span>Pressure is against the grain.</p> - -<p>2. I am a king without my head.</p> - -<p>3. Here is another king instead.</p> - -<p>It is fair to our readers to say that some knowledge -of Latin and French is needed for dealing -with this very excellent Acrostic, of which a full -explanation is given with the solution.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII34">34. THE GIPSY LAD</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">His hands and face were ———, and sad<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon the ——— a gipsy lad<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lay; as the breeze his temples fanned<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He counted ——— on either hand.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII34">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII35">35. THE OLD DIVINE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In yon grey ——— an old divine<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Taught me my ——— to decline,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And verbs with ——— of mood and tense;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But while I plodded on apace<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I had to keep the ——— of grace,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And close his prayers with loud ———.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same five -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII35">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII36">36. BANZAI!</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">No reckless ——— of the sword,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He ——— his fatherland to save.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fighting for freedom, not ———,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Now ——— of the eastern seas.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The four missing words contain six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII36">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII21">[III-21]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXI">No. XXI.—HIDDEN PROVERBS</h4> - -<p>Five familiar proverbs are hidden in this square -of 169 letters.</p> - -<table class="diamondshape fsize90" summary="Proverbs"> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>W</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>W</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>Y</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>K</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>F</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>K</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>P</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>F</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>U</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>Y</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>P</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>I</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>W</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>Y</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>Z</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The proverbs are arranged in a regular -sequence.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII37">37. OF DOUBTFUL WORTH</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A fair ———, though ——— and frayed,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The critic ——— to own,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And it might interest the trade<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If ——— by some one known.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII37">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII38">38</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In his ——— days, as when he was young,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The ——— indulges in ——— of tongue.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII38">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII22">[III-22]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXII">No. XXII.—AN ALPHABETICAL TOAST</h4> - -<p>Lord Duff, who evidently had a turn for -puzzles, proposed this alphabetical toast, which -became popular among the Jacobites.</p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Toast"> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">A.B.C.</td> -<td class="left">A blessed change.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">D.E.F.</td> -<td class="left">Down every foreigner.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">G.H.J.</td> -<td class="left">God help James.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">K.L.M.</td> -<td class="left">Keep Lord Mar.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">N.O.P.</td> -<td class="left">Noble Ormond preserve.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">Q.R.S.</td> -<td class="left">Quickly resolve Stuart.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">T.U.V.W.</td> -<td class="left">Truss up vile Whigs.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">X.Y.Z.</td> -<td class="left">Exert your zeal.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Another quaint and ingenious use of separate -letters is recorded of the well-known preacher, -Henry Ward Beecher.</p> - -<p>Years ago, before his reputation had become -world-wide, he was asked to give a lecture without -charge, and assured that it would increase his -fame. His reply was characteristic and very -much to the point: “I will lecture for F.A.M.E.—fifty -and my expenses!”</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII39">39. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<table class="left" summary="Descriptions"> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="center top padl4 padr1">(1)</td> -<td class="left">A cylindrical lock</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left">Where no key can be found,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="center top padl4 padr1">(2)</td> -<td class="left">An instrument treble</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left">And ringing in sound.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center top padl4 padr1">(3)</td> -<td class="left">In story-land ranging,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center top padl4 padr1">(4)</td> -<td class="left">Now chopping and changing;</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="center top padl4 padr1">(5)</td> -<td class="left">Broken up, reunited,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left">Quite whole I am found.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Words, spelt with the same eight letters are -indicated in these lines. There are two words -in (1).</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII39">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII23">[III-23]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXIII">No. XXIII.—A MORAL PRECEPT</h4> - -<p>The following obscure legend was worked on an -old sampler, in the red cross-stitch that found -favour when our grandmothers were <span class="nowrap">girls:—</span></p> - -<div class="moralpreceptbox"> - -<p class="center">Elizabeth out<br /> -Rue Constantine<br /> -Very thin gloves<br /> -Way Susan dart.</p> - -</div><!--moralpreceptbox--> - -<p>This was evidently some excellent moral -precept, but it hung on its frame, a mere puzzle -on the school-room wall, until an expert word -juggler came that way, and solved the mystery -by reading it off <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p>“Eliza be thou true, constant in everything. -Love sways us, and art.”</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII40">40</h4> - -<p>In the following lines the first missing word has -two letters, and the letters are carried on, with -one more added each time, and in varied order, -throughout the verses, either in single words or -in groups of <span class="nowrap">words:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A lover of .. unkind fair<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Were less than ... did he not ....<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Mine is no ..... life, I swear,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It dwells in this ...... alone.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Grant me thy love, like ....... chaste<br /></span> -<span class="i2">.. ...... lest thou live unwooed,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">..... .. . lowly life to waste<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The treasures of sweet ..........”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII40">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII24">[III-24]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXIV">No. XXIV.—SHAKESPEARE’S MANTLE</h4> - -<p>Ingenious cryptic efforts have been made to -prove that Bacon was the author of Shakespeare’s -plays, but it has been reserved for us to reveal, -by a convincing cryptogram, the modern wearer -of his mantle.</p> - -<p>The secret is disclosed by a line of capital -letters shown <span class="nowrap">below:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Shaw"> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Mac</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">B</td> -<td class="left padl0">eth.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Oth</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">E</td> -<td class="left padl0">llo.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Comedy of Er</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">R</td> -<td class="left padl0">ors.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Merchant of Ve</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">N</td> -<td class="left padl0">ice.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Coriol</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">A</td> -<td class="left padl0">nus.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Midsummer Night’s D</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">R</td> -<td class="left padl0">eam.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Merry Wives of Win</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">D</td> -<td class="left padl0">sor.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0 blankbefore75">Measure for Mea</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1 blankbefore75">S</td> -<td class="left padl0 blankbefore75">ure.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Much Ado about Not</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">H</td> -<td class="left padl0">ing.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">Antony and Cleop</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">A</td> -<td class="left padl0">tra.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr0">All’s Well that ends</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">W</td> -<td class="left padl0">ell.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII41">41. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Till a man is as ——— of a ——— as his palm is,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">We ——— him from earning his ——— in our armies.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same five -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII41">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII42">42. THE PAUPER’S PLAINT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Pale penury that ——— social bands,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And any link that ——— worth to fame,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take ye the blame for my inactive hands,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I ——— in vain to build upon the sands,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Without a ——— who can make a name?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII42">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII25">[III-25]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXV">No. XXV.—CAPITAL SHORT CUTS</h4> - -<p>The following example of the use of phonetic -capitals and figures is fresh and original. It -contains more than eighty such symbols in its -twenty-four <span class="nowrap">lines:—</span></p> - -<p class="center smcapall highline2">A MAID OF ARCADY</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A rosy maid of R K D<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Is L N in her bower;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Brisk as U C A honey B,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And sweet as N E flower.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Does she S A herself 2 please<br /></span> -<span class="i2">(XQQ the saucy miss),<br /></span> -<span class="i0">She sings an L E G 2 TT,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or blows an M T kiss.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“B mine, I say, U bonny J,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">B 4 I CC mine L;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When you are gay my hopes D K,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In T sing U X L.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Without ado she takes the Q,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Her II B 9 and B D,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“O, sir, I do not N V U<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I C that U R C D.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“X S of spirits—O D V—<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Begins 2 U U U up;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The cure must B a dish of T<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With K N in the cup!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“O L N U I C R true,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Y need I C Q less?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’ll never D V 8 from U,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But end my cares with S.”<br /></span> -<span class="i16">(<i>caress</i>).<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII43">43. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Mr Backslide, afflicted with weakness of mind,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">———— over to Lushington’s inn, where he dined.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He ———— the pledge he had taken as handy,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And emptied forthwith a ———— of brandy.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has eight letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII43">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII44">44</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A ——— sat in his ——— grey,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Watching the moonbeams ——— play<br /></span> -<span class="i0">On a keg that in the bushes lay,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And these were the words of his song:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Thou ——— the weak, thou ——— the strong,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To thee the ——— of bad deeds doth belong.”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the leaves with a ——— took up the sad song.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each of these missing words is spelt with the -same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII44">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII26">[III-26]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXVI">No. XXVI.—SIMPLE SCHOLARSHIP</h4> - -<p>Three hungry scholars came to a wayside inn, -and saw this sign over the door:</p> - -<div class="innbox"> - -<p class="center">PLACET ORE<br /> -STAT ORDINE<br /> -ORE STABIT<br /> -ORE AT ABIT</p> - -</div><!--innbox--> - -<p>One of them eager to show his ready wit, translated -these Latin words of welcome roughly into -English <span class="nowrap">verse:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i00">“Good cheer we provide,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Our service is sure;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Their savours abide<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Though meats don’t endure!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The complacent smile faded from his face as a -village schoolboy, who had overheard him, broke -in with the real rendering of the words:—“Place -to rest at or dine; O rest a bit, or eat a bit!”</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII45">45</h4> - -<p>In these lines, where the dots occur, insert -words, each of which is longer by one letter than -the one before, and so complete the poem. The -same letters are carried on each time in varied -<span class="nowrap">arrangement:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Nature . love .. every land,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">On burning plain, by wooded rill;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where ... is girt by coral strand,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or .... rears her castled hill.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Then ..... from me the tale to hear,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How, true to one ......, the bee<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Once ....... out keeps, year by year,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The ........ by her instinct given,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Which teach her, wheresoe’er she roam,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In every clime beneath the heaven,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To build the same ......... home.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII45">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII27">[III-27]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXVII">No. XXVII.—WAS IT VOLAPÜK?</h4> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Volapük"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td colspan="3" class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="3" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="left padl4 padr2">FFAH</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr2">CHTI</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr4">WT</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padl4 padr2">HGU</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr2">ACT</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr4">ONE</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padl4 padr2">RASD</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr2">RIB</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr4">DLO</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td colspan="3" class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>A schoolmaster in the Midlands, who was a bit -of a wag, wrote this on the blackboard, as a novel -exercise for the boys of Standard VI. Can you -decipher it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII46">46</h4> - -<p>Here is another ingenious specimen of missing -words, spelt each of them with the same five -<span class="nowrap">letters:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">That Samson did a thousand ———<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Is not so wondrous strange.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In days like these at ——— such feats<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Assume a wider range.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The Press ——— news ——— now,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Enough to scare a sinner,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And any fool who chooses may,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In Samson’s way, his thousands slay<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who chews his ——— at dinner.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII46">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII28">[III-28]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXVIII">No. XXVIII.—ANOTHER EPITAPH</h4> - -<p class="center highline2 fsize80">(<i>On an Old Pie Woman</i>)</p> - -<p class="center highline15">BENE AT hint HEDU S.T.T.H. emo Uldy O<br /> -L.D.C. RUSTO F.N.E. L.L.B.<br /> -AC. hel orl AT Ely<br /> -W ASS hove N.W. how ASS Kill’d<br /> -Int heart SOF pi escu Star<br /> -D. sand Tart Sand K N ewe,<br /> -Ver yus E oft he ove N.W. Hens he<br /> -’Dliv’ Dlon geno<br /> -UG H.S. hem Ade he R la STP uffap<br /> -UF FBY HE RHU<br /> -S. B an D. M.<br /> -Uchp R.A. is ’D no Wheres He dot<br /> -H.L. i.e. TOM a Kead I.R.T.P. Iein hop est<br /> -Hat he R.C. Rust W I<br /> -L.L.B. ERA IS ’D——!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII47">47. IN A FARM-YARD</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">All his flock from ——— rough,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To the ——— ran apace,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where their ———, old and tough,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">———, the guardian of his race.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>In these lines each missing word is spelt with -the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII47">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII48">48</h4> - -<p>This is a bright little specimen of a missing -words <span class="nowrap">puzzle:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Come, landlord, fill the flowing ——<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Until their —— run over;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For in this —— to-night I’ll ——,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To-morrow —— to Dover!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same four letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII48">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII29">[III-29]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXIX">No. XXIX.—DOG LATIN</h4> - -<p>An old worn stone, with the inscription given -below just legible, was found near to some -ancient Roman remains, and was the valued -possession of a local antiquarian, who was convinced -that it dated back to the days of the -Emperor <span class="nowrap">Claudius:—</span></p> - -<p class="center gesp2">BENE<br /> -AT . HTH . IS . ST<br /> -ONERE . POS . ET<br /> -H . CLAUD . COS. TERT<br /> -R . I . P<br /> -ES . ELLE . RO<br /> -F . IMP<br /> -IN . G . TONAS . DO<br /> -TH . HISCO<br /> -N . SORTJ<br /> -A . N . E</p> - -<p>His pride of possession was, however, shattered -when a rival collector read it off into excellent -English:—“Beneath this stone reposeth Claud -Coster, tripe seller, of Impington, as doth his -consort Jane.”</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII49">49</h4> - -<p>Here, as quite a novelty, is a double-barrelled -missing words puzzle. As a puzzle, Part I. -should stand alone, but the second part forms -a thinly-veiled solution, which throws light upon -the missing words. These are four in number -and are spelt differently with the same six letters.</p> - -<p class="center highline15">Part I</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I tell of voices hushed and still,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I bid men prick their ears,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I help an army’s ranks to fill,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My gleam like gold appears.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="center highline15">Part II</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Hushed is the still and ——— voice,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Pricked ears are keen to ———,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Men who ——— make noble choice.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">——— like gold will glisten.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII49">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII30">[III-30]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXX">No. XXX.—THE PROBLEM SQUARED</h4> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>P</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>M</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>B</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>G</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>G</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>This is a singularly perfect specimen of a -seven-letter Word Square.</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII50">50. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Some men their ——— escorted on their way,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When “——— look here!” I heard a driver say:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“It ——— our pluck to toil like ——— all day,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When wanting ——— we starve on wretched pay.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same five -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII50">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII31">[III-31]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXI">No. XXXI.—BY LEAPS AND BOUNDS</h4> - -<p>Can you disentangle the eight-line verse which -is scattered over these 64 squares? You must -leap always from square to square, as a knight -moves on the chess-board.</p> - -<table class="poemxxxi" summary="Poem"> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>tle</td> -<td>to</td> -<td>a</td> -<td>cat-</td> -<td>life</td> -<td>and</td> -<td>live</td> -<td>In</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>By</td> -<td>tle</td> -<td>ow-</td> -<td>bro<br />wse</td> -<td>of</td> -<td>non</td> -<td>tle</td> -<td>fall</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>ter</td> -<td>tur-</td> -<td>gain</td> -<td>like</td> -<td>land</td> -<td>one’s</td> -<td>quiet</td> -<td>And</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>of</td> -<td>ar<br />m</td> -<td>Bet-</td> -<td>me<br />ad-</td> -<td>and</td> -<td>Than</td> -<td>a-</td> -<td>bat-</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>bask</td> -<td>Be<br />t-</td> -<td>lau-</td> -<td>or</td> -<td>tle</td> -<td>ness</td> -<td>done</td> -<td>wan-</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>rel</td> -<td>let</td> -<td>Than</td> -<td>die</td> -<td>With</td> -<td>der</td> -<td>of</td> -<td>smo<br />ke</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>ter</td> -<td>in</td> -<td>brain</td> -<td>myr-</td> -<td>on</td> -<td>and</td> -<td>har-</td> -<td>un-</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>Ch<br />ap-</td> -<td>or</td> -<td>to</td> -<td>sun</td> -<td>with</td> -<td>work</td> -<td>In</td> -<td>heat</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The verses begin with “Better to die,” and -end with “tle” in the top left-hand corner.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXXI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII51">51. WISDOM WHILE YOU WAIT</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">As a ———— ———— of facts you’ll find<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Our Encyclopedia ———— the mind.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The three missing words are spelt with the -same seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII51">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII52">52. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">You drink that ———, ——— wine, too lavishly at night,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And say a ——— or a swim next morning puts you right,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When night brings you a sudden ———, and morning devils blue,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then you’ll ——— your careless boast, and own my warning true.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII52">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII32">[III-32]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXII">No. XXXII.—A BROKEN SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Can you complete this broken Word Square?</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>O</td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>I</td> -<td> </td> -<td>O</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXXII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII53">53</h4> - -<p>The missing words in these lines are all spelt -with the same six <span class="nowrap">letters:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">— ——— but for rebel act<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Without — ——— should be;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But this — — — end, in fact<br /></span> -<span class="i2">None find — ——— in me.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII53">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII54">54. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Oh for a ——— in this vast solitude,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This endless rise and fall of ——— and moor!”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Soliloquised a ——— in sad mood,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As through the lonely hills the staff of life he bore.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Spelt with the same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII54">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII33">[III-33]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXIII">No. XXXIII.—A KNIGHT’S TOUR PROVERB</h4> - -<p>If the letters on these squares are taken in -proper sequence they will form the words of a -well-known <span class="nowrap">proverb:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Chess board"> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>T</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>L</td> -<td>H</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td>R</td> -<td> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td>O</td> -<td> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td>P</td> -<td> </td> -<td>M</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>When a starting point has been chosen for trial -of this puzzle, the successive letters must occupy -the squares which in every case are reached by a -knight’s move at chess, until a popular proverb -is formed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXXIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII55">55. “MONSTRUM HORRENDUM INFORME -INGENS”</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">’Twas in ........ that we saw him play<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like a ........ in his sports, and they<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Amuse us as a good ........ may.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same eight letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII55">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII34">[III-34]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXIV">No. XXXIV.—GUARINI’S PROBLEM</h4> - -<p>The following curiosity, which is known as -<i>Guarini’s Problem</i>, dates back to the year 1512. -On a board of 9 squares two white Knights are -placed in the top corners, and two black Knights -in the bottom corners, <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo468.png" alt="Chess board" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The problem is to interchange, in as few moves -as possible, the positions of the white and black -knights.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXXIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII56">56</h4> - -<p>We call particular attention to the construction -of this very curious couplet, in which the spaces -are filled by the same seven letters. In every -case four of the letters of the missing words or -phrases are the same, and keep the same order, -and in all but the first the order of the letters -is unchanged throughout, though the meaning -always alters, as it does in that most perfect old -Latin motto, “Persevera, per severa, per se -vera,” “persevere through trials, true to thyself.”</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Soup is —— ——— for a ———— divine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who with —— ——— is —— —— to sit down and dine.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII56">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII35">[III-35]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXV">No. XXXV.—AN ANAGRAM SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Can you break up and recast the five words in -this square, so that the fresh words form a perfect -Word Square? The initials are A, M, E, N, D, S.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>B</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>M</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>L</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXXV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII57">57. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sweet as the —— and cruel as its thorn,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">—— thy power is great, thy pity scorn.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Swift as the —— that through the forest fly,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Deep as the —— that deepest hidden lie,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is thine own —— to hapless mortals given,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Semblance of darkest hell or brightest heaven.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>These missing words are spelt with the same -four letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII57">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII58">58. MISSING WORDS<br /> -(<i>Dedicated to the Fresh Air Fund</i>)</h4> - -<p class="center">Good ——— for City ———</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My pipe ——— for — —— charms, that yield<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Pictures and ——— of a children’s day.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lest conscience ——— I —— — down to say<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My ——— shall send some city ——— afield.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each word or group is spelt with the same five -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII58">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII36">[III-36]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXVI">No. XXXVI.—SHAKESPEARE’S PSALM</h4> - -<p>Quite as cryptic and convincing as any of the -curious Shakespeare-Bacon cyphers is the evidence -which connects our great English poet with the -forty-sixth Psalm of the authorised Bible version.</p> - -<p>Shakespear, spelt thus, as it often was, contains -four vowels and six consonants. This is the key -to the position. If, guided by these figures, we -turn to the <i>forty-sixth</i> Psalm and count from -the beginning, we find the <i>forty-sixth</i> word is -“Shake.”</p> - -<p>Then, counting from the end, disregarding the -“Selah,” which is no part of the text, we find -that the <i>forty-sixth</i> word is “spear.”</p> - -<p>Thus, by a startling and perfect succession of -affinities, the poet’s name-number is linked again -and again with this Psalm, until it reveals his -name.</p> - -<p>If any sceptic asks why the Book of Psalms -should thus be turned to, the answer comes in -the curious fact that the actual letters of the -name William Shakespere, another of its different -spellings, form this sentence as their anagram, -and thus afford the necessary <span class="nowrap">clue:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“We are like his Psalm.”</p> - -<p>A final point of interest is made when we -notice that Shakespeare himself must have been -just <i>forty-six</i> years old when the Psalms were -re-translated.</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII59">59. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">He said “You ———” when one lied,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He said “Don’t ———” when one hied,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His glass held ——— at his side,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He can ——— what he denied.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII59">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII37">[III-37]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXVII">No. XXXVII.—A KNIGHT’S TOUR</h4> - -<p>The letters on this board, if read aright in the -order of a Knight’s moves at chess, will give a -popular proverb.</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Chess board"> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>Y</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Y</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>A</td> -<td> </td> -<td>H</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>I</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>W</td> -<td> </td> -<td>Y</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>Y</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>D</td> -<td> </td> -<td>B</td> -<td>W</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Y</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>H</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>W</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Start from the most central E, and you will -be able to trace the proverb.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII60">60. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Mr Snip, the ————, was ———— a hill,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With a bag of new ———— for stock;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When a runaway motor-car gave him a spill<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Which scattered his doubts with the shock.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same eight -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII60">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII38">[III-38]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXVIII">No. XXXVIII.—A WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>The pupils of Dr Puzzlewitz found one morning -these vowels printed boldly on the <span class="nowrap">blackboard:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Under it the doctor had written “Fill in the -consonants, so that the words read alike from -top to bottom, and from side to side.” How is -this to be done?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII61">61. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">——— her fair cheek, and back o’er all<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The ——— of years ——— memory.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Those wedding ——— to her recall<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The ——— he urged so tenderly.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each of these missing words has five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII61">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII62">62. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two burglars attempted to ——— a house,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The ——— was heard, though as still as a mouse.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When challenged at once he a ——— became,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But caught as a ——— he finished his game.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each word has the same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII62">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII39">[III-39]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XXXIX">No. XXXIX.—THE SQUAREST WORD</h4> - -<p>The squarest word in any language is the -Latin <i>time</i>, which, in connection with the three -other Latin words, <i>item</i>, <i>meti</i>, <i>emit</i>, can be read, -when written as a square, in every possible direction. -<span class="nowrap">Thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>I</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>M</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>I</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>As it seems impossible to go one better, we -have been seeking, as a new nut for our -store, some English word which may be a good -second. Can you complete the square which -is built up on these lines?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>F</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Delf is the key word, but it so far falls short of -the perfection aimed at, that other letters are -used in four of the vacant places. Still, it is so -constructed that words which begin with D, E, -L, or F appear each of them in four different -directions, and is thus quite a notable example.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XXXIX">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII40">[III-40]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XL">No. XL.—A PUZZLE DIAMOND</h4> - -<p>Can you fill in this diamond with four words -that read alike from left to right, and from top to -bottom?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Diamond"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>D</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>.</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>.</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>.</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>.</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>D</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XL">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII63">63. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The ———— fool in olden days<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Gave kings advice in jesting phrase;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He’s ———— now; the modern throne<br /></span> -<span class="i0">———— all follies but its own.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same eight -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII63">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII64">64. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Days of ——— and times of evil,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Starving girls with ——— do toil,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No man ——— feast or revel,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Hushed is ——— and turmoil.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word contains the same six -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII64">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII65">65. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Who ———— in his pride and rage,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To ———— vice a prey,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">May hope to reach a green old age,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And find ———— his stay.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each word has the same seven letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII65">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII41">[III-41]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLI">No. XLI.—A DEFECTIVE DIAMOND</h4> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Diamond"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>M</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>P</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>L</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>L</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>M</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>L</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>R</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The places now occupied by dots are to be -filled in with letters so that a complete diamond -is formed, of words that read alike from left to -right, and from top to bottom.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XLI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII66">66. A POET’S POLITICS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When Limerick once, in idle whim,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Moore as her member gaily courted,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The boys, for fun’s sake, asked of him<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To state what party he supported.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When thus to them the answer ran,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“I’m of no party as a man,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But as a poet ———”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>What is the missing word?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII66">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII67">67. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Is England ———? That this is so<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A solemn ——— aspires to show.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">By most ignored, the theme — —— to some<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who gravely to the same conclusion come.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like ——— o’er obstacles they soar,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And if an —— — ’vert they rave the more.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>There are six letters in the missing words and -phrases.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII67">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII42">[III-42]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLII">No. XLII.—A SPECIMEN MAGIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>The following clever word square of the unusual -number of seven letters, in which there is no -undue straining of words or inflexions, is by a -master hand, and would be difficult to <span class="nowrap">match:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>P</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII68">68. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Off to the links is now their cry,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For golf is man’s ————:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Be not ———— or slow,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">———— hit the ball will go.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same -eight letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII68">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII69">69. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">No maid e’er ———— North, South, East, or West,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">More ———— than she who ———— Love’s request.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word is spelt with the same seven -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII69">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII70">70. OUT IN THE COLD</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">Though in ......... I be,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It is, alas! ... ......<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No ...... ... comes nigh to me.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each word or phrase has the same nine letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII70">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII43">[III-43]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLIII">No. XLIII.—A LETTER PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>Can you fill in the places of these 21 asterisks -with only 3 different letters, so arranged that -they spell a common English word of 5 letters -in 12 different directions?</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td> </td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td> </td> -<td>*</td> -<td> </td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td> </td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -<td>*</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Two of the five letters are vowels.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XLIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII71">71</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">————— his pride the Royal James<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Came down upon the ————— Thames;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like ————— his court repair<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To breathe — ————’s freer air.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each space has the same nine letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII71">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII72">72. DROP LETTER LINES</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With lily leaves his oars are ........,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her eager hands their treasures .......,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To the fair winds all cares . .....,<br /></span> -<span class="i8">And echo faintly answers .....!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The first letter is dropped in each case, so that -while the word which ends line 1 has eight letters, -the last word of line 4 has but five.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII72">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII73">73. ENIGMA WITH MISSING LETTERS</h4> - -<p>There was no good ... in the d...y, so the -klim.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII73">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII44">[III-44]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLIV">No. XLIV.—A CANINE CHRONOGRAPH</h4> - -<p>Some years ago a country parson had the -following inscription engraved upon the tombstone -of a favourite dog that died in <span class="nowrap">1885:—</span></p> - -<p class="center highline15 smcap">CarLo<br /> -Dear DoggIe<br /> -LoVIng faIthfVL anD trVe<br /> -she Lost her sIght<br /> -bVt not her LoVe<br /> -for<br /> -I. e. V.</p> - -<p>If the large capital letters are treated as Roman -numerals, they add up to the year of the dog’s -death, 1885.</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII74">74</h4> - -<p>If the missing letters, indicated by dots, are -supplied, and the words are separated, this will -be found to form a line in a well-known <span class="nowrap">poem:—</span></p> - -<p class="noindent">.u.u.m.r.i.u.d.s.s.e..o.l.w.d.a.t.n.f.l.o.e.f.s.e.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII74">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII75">75</h4> - -<p>Complete this sentence by filling in five words -in the gaps, each spelt with the same five letters:</p> - -<p>If you write ——— ——— at ——— do not -——— the ———.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII75">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII76">76. SIX MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A ..... ..... on ....’. strands<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Caught Pat’s heart in her meshes;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He left the ..... in Cupid’s hands,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And watched her ..... her tresses;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tresses of ..... coloured gold,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That did her fairy form enfold.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII76">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII45">[III-45]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLV">No. XLV.—A HIDDEN NAME</h4> - -<p>“Yes,” said the village wit, as a merry party -sat round the tap-room fire at Stratford-on-Avon, -“some wiseacres have tried to prove that Bacon -wrote Shakespeare’s plays, because his name can -be found hidden in some of the lines. Let me -show you how easily this sort of thing can be -arranged to suit our fancy.”</p> - -<p>Taking a piece of chalk he wrote upon the -<span class="nowrap">door—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Acrostic"> - -<tr> -<td class="right">“Titus An</td> -<td class="center">d</td> -<td class="left">ronicus”</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">“All’s Well th</td> -<td class="center">a</td> -<td class="left">t Ends Well”</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">“The Mercha</td> -<td class="center">n</td> -<td class="left">t of Venice”</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">“Corio</td> -<td class="center">l</td> -<td class="left">anus”</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">“Cymb</td> -<td class="center">e</td> -<td class="left">line”</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">“A Midsummer </td> -<td class="center">N</td> -<td class="left">ight’s Dream”</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right">“Much Ado ab</td> -<td class="center">o</td> -<td class="left">ut Nothing”</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>“Look down the letters under <i>d</i> of these titles -of some of Shakespeare’s plays,” he said, “and -you will find the well-known name of one who -certainly did not write them.” What name did -he mean? What but that of the prince of -jokers, Dan Leno!</p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII77">77. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<p>Can you supply the missing words in these -lines? Each is spelt with the same five <span class="nowrap">letters:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A man of ——— had caught a ———,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And it was windy weather;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Give me my ———,” he cried, “to fix<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My fish and ——— together.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII77">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII46">[III-46]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLVI">No. XLVI.—A CRYPTIC INSCRIPTION</h4> - -<p>The following cryptic inscription was engraved, -in his own language, upon a tablet in honour of -the great French astronomer and scientist, -<span class="nowrap">Arago:—</span></p> - -<div class="aragobox"> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="center">URE<br /> -AR<span class="padl3 padr7"> </span>ERIL</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -</div><!--aragobox--> - -<p>It has this <span class="nowrap">interpretation:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Solution"> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr1">AR</td> -<td class="left padl1">à gauche,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr1">ERIL</td> -<td class="left padl1">à droit,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="right padr1">URE</td> -<td class="left padl1">sur tout.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p>Arago chérit la droiture sur tout.<br /> -Arago cherished integrity above all.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII78">78. ON THE LOOSE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When ....., our puppy, sets out for a run,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Over ..... he ....., all frolic and fun.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For no whistle he ..... in his desperate hurry<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The cattle to ....., and the slow sheep to worry.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each word has the same five letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII78">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII79">79. MISSING WORDS</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy my ripe ———, my ——— who’ll buy?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Don’t look so ———, but take some and try!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The missing words are spelt with the same six -letters. What are they?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII79">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII47">[III-47]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLVII">No. XLVII.—SQUARE THE CIRCLE</h4> - -<p>Here is a circle which it is quite possible to -<span class="nowrap">square:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>C</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>I</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>C</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>.</td> -<td>.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Can you fill it in with English words, that -read alike from top to bottom, and from left to -right? Try it before you turn to the solution. -Every E must be worked in as it stands.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XLVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4 id="MissWordsIII80">80. MISSING WORDS ILLUSTRATED</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">He who .... may .... at last,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How to .... we show;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take a sixpence, hold it fast,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Press the .... and blow!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Each missing word has the same four letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsSolIII80">Solution</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo481.jpg" alt="Coin" /> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII48">[III-48]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLVIII">No. XLVIII.—A BROKEN SQUARE</h4> - -<p>We give as clues the complete border, and a -diagonal in which the same letter persists. Can -you construct the whole square?</p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td><i>B</i></td> -<td><i>O</i></td> -<td><i>A</i></td> -<td><i>S</i></td> -<td><i>T</i></td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -<td><i>R</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>O</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>A</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>S</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>S</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>T</i></td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>N</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>E</i></td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td><i>T</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><i>R</i></td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -<td><i>S</i></td> -<td><i>E</i></td> -<td><i>N</i></td> -<td><i>T</i></td> -<td><i>S</i></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XLVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h3>ANAGRAMS</h3> - -<p>Anagrams, as a method of divining and illustrating -personal destiny and character, were -quite a craze in the sixteenth and seventeenth -centuries. No specimens of this word juggling -have ever been more apt than the perfect pair -of political anagrams evolved from the names -of two of our greatest statesmen.</p> - -<p>When the reins of power changed hands, it -was found that the letters which form Gladstone -also spell out exactly, “G. leads not,” while the -name of his great rival and successor Disraeli -itself announces, when recast, “I lead, sir!”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII49">[III-49]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XLIX">No. XLIX.—A CARD PROBLEM</h4> - -<p>Here is a pretty card problem, akin in its -character and arrangement to a Magic Square.</p> - -<p>Take from a pack of cards the four aces, kings, -queens, and knaves, and arrange them so that in -each horizontal, vertical, and diagonal row, each -of the four suits and each of the four denominations -shall be represented once, and only once.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XLIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>IDEAL ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<table class="muraltablet wrappable" summary="Ave Maria"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2"> </td> - -<td class="left padr4"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Ave Maria, gratiâ plena, Dominus tecum!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Virgo serena, pia, munda et immaculata.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Regia nata, evadens luctum amari pomi.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Eva secunda, Agni immolati pura mater.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Hail, Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A virgin calm, holy, pure and spotless.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of royal kin, free from the penalty of the bitter apple.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A second Eve, pure mother of the slain Lamb.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</td> -<td class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>These wonderful anagrams need no word of -praise. Constructed each of them with the same -letters, the lines express with startling emphasis -the character and special attributes of her whom -they describe.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII50">[III-50]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_L">No. L.—TURF-CUTTING</h4> - -<p>I cut eight narrow strips of turf from my lawn, -to form a double rose-border, with sides of the -relative lengths shown in the <span class="nowrap">diagram:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo484.png" alt="Lawn" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>How can I relay these eight pieces, without -turning or breaking them, on a piece of level soil, so -that they enclose three flower-beds of similar size?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_L">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>AN ANAGRAM EPITAPH</h4> - -<p>This was engraved on a slate monument in -memory of Marya Arundell, in Duloe, Cornwall, -June 8, <span class="nowrap">1629:—</span></p> - -<table class="muraltablet wrappable" summary="Epitaph"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="center">MARYA ARUNDELL—MAN A DRY LAUREL</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Man to the marigold compared may be,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Man may be likened to the laurel tree.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Both feede the eye, both please the optic sense,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Both soon decay, both suddenly fleete hence.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What then infer you from her name but this,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Man fades away, <i>man a dry laurel</i> is!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bt2"> </td> -<td class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII51">[III-51]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LI">No. LI.—A READY RECKONER</h4> - -<p>Two schoolboys, looking into a small water-butt -after a heavy rain, could not agree as to -whether it was quite half full.</p> - -<div class="container15m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo485.png" alt="Water barrel" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>They appealed to the gardener, as there were -no means of measurement at hand, and he, being -a shrewd, practical man, was able to decide the -point. How did he do this?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>TWIN ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<p class="center">Paradise lost.<br /> -<i>Reap sad toils.</i></p> - -<p class="center">Paradise regained.<br /> -<i>Dead respire again!</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII52">[III-52]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LII">No. LII.—A TRANSFORMATION</h4> - -<p>Can you turn this flat-headed 3 into a 5 by one -continuous line, without scratching out any -portion of the 3?</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo486.png" alt="Three" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>ADVANCE AUSTRALIA</h4> - -<p class="center blankbefore75">What were “The Australian Cricketers?”</p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75"><span class="smcapall">ANSWERED BY ANAGRAM</span><br /> -<i>Clinkers! Each a true artist.</i></p> - -<h4>BUNYAN’S ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>John Bunyan, in the conclusion of the advertisement -of his “Holy War,” has these quaint -lines (using i for <span class="nowrap">j):—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Witness my hand, if Anagrammed to thee<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The letters make ‘Nu hony in a B.’”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>OLD POLITICAL ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<p class="center">“The Earl of Beaconsfield.”<br /> -<i>Chief one of all debaters.</i></p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75">“William Ewart Gladstone.”<br /> -<i>Wit so great will lead man.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII53">[III-53]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LIII">No. LIII.—A CLEAR COURSE</h4> - -<p>These diagrams show two of the many ways -in which eight pieces of chessmen or draughtsmen -can be so placed upon the board that each of -them has a clear course in every direction, along -straight or diagonal lines.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo487.png" alt="Chess boards" /> -</div> - -<p>We will give a table in the <a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LIII">solutions</a> which -shows a large number of similar possible positions. -Meantime our solvers may like to trace -some for themselves.</p> - -<h4>APPOSITE AND OPPOSITE</h4> - -<p>Three most excellent anagrams are formed -with the letters of the great name Thomas Carlyle. -Two of them seem to point to the rugged sage -of Chelsea in life, and one to his repose in death. -They <span class="nowrap">are:—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Mercy! lash a lot.<br /> -Cry shame to all!<br /> -A calm holy rest.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<h4>A ROYAL ANAGRAM<br /> -(Adsit omen!)</h4> - -<p class="center">“Albert Edward and Alexandra.”<br /> -<i>All dear bread and war tax end!</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII54">[III-54]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LIV">No. LIV.—QUARRELSOME NEIGHBOURS</h4> - -<p>Three families, who were not on speaking -terms, lived in three houses within the same -enclosing fence. Determined to avoid each other, -they built covered ways from the doors of their -houses to their gates, so that they might never -cross each other’s paths. The family in A had -their gate at A, those in B at B, and those in C -at C. How were these covered ways arranged so -as to secure their complete separation?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo488.png" alt="Compound" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>HIS HOBBY</h4> - -<p class="center">William Ewart Gladstone.<br /> -<i>A man will go wild at trees.</i></p> - -<h4>A SOLDIER’S ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p class="center">Lord Kitchener of Khartoum.<br /> -<i>Oh firm rod! the knack to rule!</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII55">[III-55]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LV">No. LV.—A PRETTY TRICK</h4> - -<p>Ask some one to place five cards (not court -cards) in a row, to add up their pips, and to -place two cards representing that number below, -for subtraction, as is shown in the diagram.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo489.png" alt="Cards" /> -</div> - -<p>Let him then place cards to represent the -result of subtraction, remove which one he -pleases of these, and tell you the sum of the -remaining pips.</p> - -<p>You can at once tell him the value of the card -removed by deducting the number of pips in that -remainder from the next highest multiple of 9. -Thus, in the instance shown above, if one of the -sixes is removed, the sum of the remaining pips -is 12, and 18 - 12 = 6. A space must be left for -any 0.</p> - -<h4>BOAT-RACE ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<p>Here is a batch of anagrams, all letters perfect, -which show how, by a little ingenuity, words may -be twisted into opposite and appropriate meanings.</p> - -<p class="center">“The Oxford and Cambridge annual boat-race.”</p> - -<p class="center smcapall">ANAGRAMS</p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Hard race, but Cantab gained lead from Oxon.<br /> -Ah! bad rudder line for Cantab cox to manage.<br /> -Cantab blue had raced in an extra good form.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII56">[III-56]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LVI">No. LVI.—THE CROSS-KEYS</h4> - -<p>This pretty puzzle can be made at home by -anyone who is handy with a fret-saw.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo490.png" alt="Puzzle pieces" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Cut three pieces of hard wood according to the -patterns given in this diagram, and try to fit the -three sections together so that they form a firm -symmetrical figure with six projecting ends.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LVI">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>ANGLO-JAPANESE ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<p class="center">“The Anglo-Japanese treaty of Alliance.”<br /> -Yea, Fate enjoins to help a gallant race<br /> -or<br /> -Hail, gallant East! Fear not, enjoy peace<br /> -or<br /> -A peace angel, then joy to all in far East.</p> - -<h4>A WONDERFUL ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>If the letters which spell the names of the -twelve months are shaken up and recast, these -appropriate lines and their title are <span class="nowrap">formed—</span></p> - -<p class="center smcapall">POEM</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Just a jury by number, each a scrap of year,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A number recording every jumble, tumble, tear!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII57">[III-57]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LVII">No. LVII.—THE NABOB’S DIAMONDS</h4> - -<p>An Indian Nabob left a casket of valuable -diamonds to his children under the following -conditions:—The first was to take a diamond -and one-seventh of the remainder; the second -was to take two and a seventh of the then remainder; -the third three and a seventh of the -rest, and so on, on similar lines, till all the diamonds -were taken. Each of the children had -then exactly an equal share. How many diamonds -were there, and how many children?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>A PRIZE ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>It would be difficult to find a more ingenious -and appropriate anagram than this, which took -a prize in <i>Truth</i> in 1902, and connects the King’s -recovery with the Coronation.</p> - -<p>The sentence <span class="nowrap">was—</span></p> - -<p class="noindent padl4">“God save our newly crowned King and Queen!<br /> -Long life to Edward and Alexandra!”</p> - -<p>The letters of this were recast <span class="nowrap">thus—</span></p> - -<p class="noindent padl4">Can we wonder an anxious devoted England -followed drear danger quakingly?</p> - -<h4>A GOOD ANAGRAM</h4> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Sir Francis Bacon, the Lord Keeper.<br /> -<i>Is born and elect for rich speaker.</i></p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<h4>THE DREAMER’S ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p class="center">“Imagination”—<i>I’m on it again!</i></p> - -<h4>A SEASONABLE ANAGRAM</h4> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">“Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter.”<br /> -<i>We murmur—“Time’s running past!”</i></p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII58">[III-58]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LVIII">No. LVIII.—A CARD CHAIN</h4> - -<p>The cardboard chain in this diagram is formed -of unbroken links cut from one card.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo492.png" alt="Chain" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>There are no joinings in these links, no paste -or gum is used, and the chain is fairly cut from -a single card.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>APPROPRIATE</h4> - -<p>Very apt indeed, in these days of books and -papers without end, is the descriptive anagram -which we find involved in</p> - -<p class="center">“The Alphabet,” <i>That be a help</i>.</p> - -<h4>A TOUR DE FORCE</h4> - -<p>Made with the letters which form the names -of the twelve months, each being used once, and -only <span class="nowrap">once:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Merry durable just grace<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My every future month embrace,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No jars remain, joy bubble up apace!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII59">[III-59]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LIX">No. LIX.—STRAY DOTS</h4> - -<p>These represent the four quarters of a torn -design, on which large black dots had been so -drawn that no two of them stood on the same -row, column, or diagonal.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo493.png" alt="Pattern" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Can you copy out these four pieces, and place -them in close contact, so that the proper edges -come together to reproduce the original effect?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LIX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>AN OLD POLITICAL ANAGRAM</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The initials of Brougham, Russell, Allthorp, and Grey,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If rightly disposed the word “brag” will display;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Transpose them and “grab” will appear to the view,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which hints at what many assert to be true,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That they, like some others, still follow the plan<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To <i>brag</i> what they’ll do, and then <i>grab</i> what they can!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII60">[III-60]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LX">No. LX.—THE OPEN DOOR</h4> - -<p>A prisoner placed in the cell marked <i>A</i> is -promised his release on the condition that he -finds his way out of the door at <i>X</i> by passing -through all the cells, entering each of them once -only.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo494.png" alt="Maze" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>How can he do this?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>A ROYAL ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>The following remarkable anagram is recast -from the name and title of the daughter of -George IV., who was direct heir to the <span class="nowrap">throne:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“Princess Charlotte Augusta of Wales.”</p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75 smcapall">ANAGRAM</p> - -<p class="center"><i>P. C. her august race is lost, O fatal news!</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII61">[III-61]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXI">No. LXI.—THE SHEPHERD’S PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>When a farmer told his shepherd to put 21 -sheep into 4 pens at the fair, and added, “I wish -you could put an odd number into each pen, as -there is luck in odd numbers, but that is impossible,” -he did not take into account the shrewdness -of the shepherd, who very cleverly folded them -<span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo495.png" alt="Sheep pens" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Each fold or pen has by this arrangement an -odd number of sheep within the hurdles that form -its outer boundaries, and in this sense the -farmer’s wish was satisfied.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">We are familiar, most of us, with what is called -Macaronic verse or prose, in which the letters and -syllables of Latin words can be read so as to -form English sentences.</p> - -<p>It would seem to be too much to expect that -there could be any connection in meaning between -these Latin and English words, but there -is one striking exception to this general rule. -“Non est” means exactly “it is not,” and “No -nest” conveys precisely the same idea, when a -bird finds that its home has been destroyed.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII62">[III-62]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXII">No. LXII.—LEAP-FROG</h4> - -<p>Here is an interesting puzzle which can be -worked out with coins or counters on a corner -of a chess or a draughtboard.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo496.png" alt="Leap frog" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>At starting only the central point is vacant. A -piece that is moved to a vacant spot must leap -over two other pieces if it goes along the solid -black lines, and can only move over one of the -dotted diagonals at a time to an adjoining point. -Try, on these lines, to enable the frog, now in -the second hole of the lowest row, to reach the -centre in the fewest possible moves, leaving its -own original point vacant, and at the last surrounded -by the words “leap-frog” as they now -stand.</p> - -<p>Moves can only be made to vacant places.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII63">[III-63]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXIII">LXIII.—MUSIC HATH CHARMS</h4> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo497.png" alt="Organ grinder" /> -</div> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Transpose two letters, and the lad<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who grinds his organ in the Strand,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Can sing “my music is not bad,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I wake it with a master hand!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>How did he justify this ambitious claim?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXIII">Solution</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII64">[III-64]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXIV">No. LXIV.—GRIST FOR THE MILL</h4> - -<p>If the letters P E A R S O N S are printed on -small wafers or buttons, and set at hap-hazard -and out of order on the points which they now -occupy, a very pretty game of patience will -result from the attempt to restore them to their -places.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo498.jpg" alt="Windmill" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Any letter can be pushed along one of the -lines to a vacant place, and those on the mill -sails can be moved to or from the central spot. -There is no fixed limit to the number of moves, -but the puzzle is to restore, in as few moves as -possible, the broken and disordered word to its -proper reading round the mill.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII65">[III-65]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXV">No. LXV.—YOUR WATCH A COMPASS</h4> - -<p>We are indebted to Sam Loyd, the famous -American problem composer and puzzle king, for -the following very practical curiosity, which is -so closely akin to a puzzle that it is well worth -giving for the benefit of our readers when they -are out on holiday. If you are uncertain as to -your bearings, lay your watch flat on the palm -of your hand so that the hour-hand points in -the direction of the sun. The point exactly -midway between the hour-hand and the figure -12 will be due south at any time between 6 in -the morning and 6 in the afternoon. During -any other hours our rule will give the <i>north</i> -point, and in the southern hemisphere the rules -will be reversed.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo499.png" alt="Watch" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="blankbefore15">In the days of Pope Pio Nono someone extracted -from the Papal title “Supremus Pontifex -Romanus” an anagram, which cut at the very -foundation of the faith. It ran thus: “O non -sum super petram fixus”—“O I am not founded -on the rock.”</p> - -<p>This held its place as a clever topical anagram, -until in a moment of happy inspiration a son of -the Church discovered that if the first words are -recast and rearranged, a splendidly appropriate -motto for the then reigning pontiff leaps to sight, -“Sum Nono, super petram fixus,” “I am Nono, -founded on the rock!”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII66">[III-66]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXVI">No. LXVI.—A MYSTIC SQUARE</h4> - -<p>This is an arrangement of numbers in 9 cells, -so that no cell contains the same figure as -appear in any other, and the two upper rows, -the two side columns, the two long diagonals, -and the four short diagonals all add up to <span class="nowrap">18:—</span></p> - -<table class="mysticsquare" summary="Mystic square"> - -<tr> -<td>1 + 1 + 1</td> -<td class="high">5 + 5 + <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">5 + 5</span><span class="bot">5</span></span></td> -<td class="high">2 + <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">2</span><span class="bot">2</span></span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>3 + 3</td> -<td>6</td> -<td class="high">4 + <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">4 + 4</span><span class="bot">4</span></span></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="high">7 + <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">7 + 7</span><span class="bot">7</span></span></td> -<td class="high">9 + <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">9 + 9 + 9</span><span class="bot">9</span></span></td> -<td class="high">8 + <span class="horsplit"><span class="top">8</span><span class="bot">8</span></span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Though not, strictly speaking, a Magic Square, -this is a most ingenious fulfilment of the conditions -of the puzzle.</p> - -<h4>UP-TO-DATE ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<p>Good up-to-date anagrams are:—Chamberlain, -“Rich able man,” and Pierpont Morgan, -“Man prone to grip.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII67">[III-67]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXVII">No. LXVII.—A SWARM OF WORDS</h4> - -<p>In each of the five crosses of this mystic figure -the same letters are to be inserted where there are -asterisks, so that seven different English words -are formed, which can be read altogether in 64 -different ways and directions.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo501.png" alt="Magic cross" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>There will then be in all the five crosses 320 -readings of these seven words, three of them -having 80 variations and four of them having -20, and only three different letters are used.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXVII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>SEASONABLE ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Christmas greetings"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="4" class="higherline br2"> </td> -<td class="center higherline padl4 padr4">“<i>A Merry Christmas and a Happy<br />New Year.</i>”</td> -<td rowspan="4" class="higherline bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">My prayer and wishes reach many a part.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"><i>or</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">Many a sad heart can whisper my prayer.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII68">[III-68]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXVIII">No. LXVIII.—AFTER SOME SAD REVERSE</h4> - -<p>We admit this most miserable picture of a -discontented outcast into our bright pages, to -“point a moral,” if it does not “adorn a tale.”</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo502a.png" alt="Sad face" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Can our readers gather from it the lesson, that -when things seem to be at the worst, a turn of -fortune’s wheel may set them on their legs -again, and change the merest melancholy to the -merriest mirth? A reverse of another sort will -set things right. Turn the page round!</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">A lady, to whom the momentous question had -been put with some diffidence, handed to her -lover a slip of paper, telling him that it embodied -her reply. Nothing was written but the word -“stripes,” which seemed at first to be of sinister -omen; but to his relief and joy the fateful letters -presently resolved themselves into a message -of direct encouragement, and never was an -anagram more welcome than this which bade -him “persist.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII69">[III-69]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXIX">No. LXIX.—THE EXPLOSIVE RAFT</h4> - -<p>With eight large wooden matches form a -miniature raft, as is shown in the <span class="nowrap">diagram:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo503.png" alt="Raft" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Place the little raft on a wine-glass, and apply -a lighted match to one of its corners. The -tension on its parts will cause the whole construction -to fly asunder as soon as the pressure -on any point is removed.</p> - -<h4>A NOTABLE HISTORIC ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>It is very remarkable that the letters which -form the <span class="nowrap">sentence—</span></p> - -<p>“The Jubilee Day of Victoria, Queen and -Empress,” also exactly <span class="nowrap">spell—</span></p> - -<p><i>Joys are never quite complete if a husband die.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII70">[III-70]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXX">No. LXX.—A PICTURE PUZZLE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Much is bad, and much is sad,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And life has many woes.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter nomargin"> -<img src="images/illo504.png" alt="Puzzle" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">May we keep clear from year to year<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of what this picture shows!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>Can you interpret it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXX">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>CONTRADICTION BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>Logica, Latin for logic, can be resolved into the -strangely contradictory anagram, <i>caligo, darkness</i>; -and, in seeming support of this perversion, -our word logic can be turned into <i>I clog</i>!</p> - -<p>Here are two good anagrams connected with -the land of the <span class="nowrap">Pharaohs:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">David Livingstone,<br /> -“Go and visit Nile, D.V.”</p> - -<p class="center">Cleopatra’s Needle on the Thames Embankment,<br /> -“An Eastern emblem; then take me to Cheops’ land.”</p> - -<p>Danes should be <i>dark men</i>, according to the -anagram of “Denmark.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII71">[III-71]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXI">No. LXXI.—PATCHWORK PICTURES</h4> - -<p>This is good fun for old and young as a round -game. Each player draws on the upper part -of a slip of paper some fancy head and folds it -back, leaving just enough in sight to guide his -left-hand neighbour, who takes it and adds a -body. Again the slips are handed on for the -final addition of legs of any sort, some continuation -being always indicated.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo505.png" alt="Patchwork" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Then these completed patchwork pictures are -thrown into a central bowl, shaken up, drawn -out, and passed round for inspection and merry -comment. The folds are the dotted lines.</p> - -<h4>A HOUSEHOLD WORD</h4> - -<p>The wounded and sick soldiers whom Florence -Nightingale nursed so tenderly in the Crimea -would have acclaimed her beautiful anagram—“Flit -on, cheering angel!”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII72">[III-72]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXII">No. LXXII.—A WINTER NIGHT’S DREAM</h4> - -<p>Mr Jolliboy, chubby and active, had been -dancing until the small hours at a house in the -suburbs, which was the home of sweet Lucy, the -lady of his love.</p> - -<p>The full moon shone down upon him as he -walked happily to his own modest quarters, and -the “man in the moon” seemed to smile and -wink at him most knowingly.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo506.png" alt="Moons" /> -</div> - -<p>Letting himself in presently with his latch-key, -Mr Jolliboy was soon in bed and fast asleep, -when in his dreams the full moon shone again, -showing at one moment a likeness of his own -round face, at another two smiling profile views -of his Lucy, and at times all the three mixed.</p> - -<p>Here, changed by a few touches, are the three -moon-faces to be seen in one moon!</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">When the great Tichborne trial was still dragging -its slow length along, a barrister with a turn -for anagrams amused himself and his learned -friends by constructing the following really -remarkable specimen:—Sir Roger Charles -Doughty Tichborne, Baronet, “Yon horrid -butcher Orton, biggest rascal here.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII73">[III-73]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXIII">No. LXXIII.—POINTS AND PICTURES</h4> - -<p>Among the many openings for pleasant fun in -the home circle, there is none which appeals more -easily to young and old than the good old puzzle -of drawing off-hand some fanciful figure, based -on five dots placed at random, which must fall -on the face, hands, and feet of the subject chosen.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo507.png" alt="Drummer" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This spirited specimen shows how well it may be -done, and similar efforts, more or less successful, -will provoke much amusement. Try it with -pencil or pen and ink.</p> - -<h4>ANOTHER BOAT-RACE ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>Among the many points which have to be -taken into account by those who in successive -years are responsible for the selection of the -Oxford eight, there is one which is thus neatly -expressed by an <span class="nowrap">anagram:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“The Oxford and Cambridge annual boat-race.”</p> - -<p class="center"><i>Much extra load on board can bring a defeat.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII74">[III-74]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXIV">No. LXXIV.—A NERVOUS SHOCK</h4> - -<p>This is the astounding portrait of himself, which -presented itself to our scientific professor in his -dreams. What very poor justice it does to the -real lines of his benevolent and shrewd old -countenance will be seen in a moment if this -weird picture is reversed.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo508a.png" alt="Face" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXXIV">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>HOLIDAY HAUNTS<br /> -<i>Divination by Name</i></h4> - -<p>Whenever we are making our plans, some of -us for a holiday abroad, some for a few weeks -at the seaside, there is a special interest in these -descriptive <span class="nowrap">anagrams:—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Davos Platz, Engadine.<br /> -“Stop, gaze, and live!”<br /> -Weston-super-Mare, Somerset.<br /> -“A sweet open summer’s resort.”</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p>A very appropriate anagram that exactly describes -its subject is this:—Cleopatra’s Needle, -London—“An old lone stone replaced.” Very -suggestive, too, are these short ones, which assure -us that skeletons are “not sleek,” and that -editors are “so tired!”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII75">[III-75]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXV">No. LXXV.—HOGARTH’S PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>A soldier, a dog, and a door can be thus drawn -by only three strokes of a <span class="nowrap">pen:—</span></p> - -<div class="container05m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo509.png" alt="Sketch" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>It is said that this originated with Hogarth, -who made a bet with his boon companions that -he would draw a soldier, a dog, and a door in -three strokes. For the bayonet he drew a pike.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII76">[III-76]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXVI">No. LXXVI.—A REBUS</h4> - -<p>Why is this “Joker” like a poor joke?</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo510.jpg" alt="Inane joker" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Because he is <i>in an E</i> (inane).</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Here are three ingenious instances of what -may be called answers by <span class="nowrap">anagram:—</span></p> - -<p>What is the protector of “wealth?”</p> - -<p class="noindent padl20"><i>The law.</i></p> - -<p>Where would a “cart-horse” be unhandy?</p> - -<p class="noindent padl20">In an <i>orchestra</i>.</p> - -<p>What is the “Daily Express?”</p> - -<p class="noindent padl20"><i>Pressa die lux.</i><br /> -Concise daily light.<br /> -(u is used for y.)</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">It is curious that Mary, a name so sweet and -simple, has as its anagram “army.” The conflicting -thoughts suggested by these two words -are very happily harmonised by George Herbert -in his quaint <span class="nowrap">style:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“How well her name an army doth present,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In whom the Lord of Hosts doth pitch His tent!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII77">[III-77]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXVII">No. LXXVII.—THREE SQUARES</h4> - -<p>Here is quite a simple method of arranging nine -matches so that they represent three squares.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo511.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The figure also includes at its sides two equilateral -triangles.</p> - -<h4>A ROYAL ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>Victoria the First, Queen of Great Britain and -Ireland, and Empress of India. These letters -also spell <span class="nowrap">exactly:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Fit for a bard I claim inspiréd strain:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The sad and even tenor of a quiet reign.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<h4>POLITICAL ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<p>Here are two very perfect <span class="nowrap">specimens:—</span></p> - -<p class="center">Earl Beaconsfield.<br /> -<i>An able force is led</i>,<br /> -or,<br /> -<i>A free lance is bold</i>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII78">[III-78]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXVIII">No. LXXVIII.—A TRANSPARENCY</h4> - -<p>When the plebiscite was taken in France to -decide whether Napoleon III. should be Emperor, -the number of votes cast in his favour was -7,119,791. Against him there were 1,119,000 votes.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo512a.png" alt="7119791/1119" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>If these numbers are written down quite -plainly, as is shown above, with a dividing line, -and without the three cyphers, and the paper or -card on which they are strongly marked is -reversed and held up against the light, the -very word with which they were concerned, -“empereur,” stands out with startling distinctness.</p> - -<p>It can be drawn on thin cardboard with good -effect.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>AN IMPERIAL ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p class="blankbefore75 blankafter75">A sa Majesté impériale le Tsar Nicolas, souverain -et autocrat de toutes les Russies.</p> - -<p>The same letters exactly <span class="nowrap">spell—</span></p> - -<p class="blankbefore75 blankafter75">O, ta vanité sera ta perte. O, elle isole la -Russie; tes successeurs te maudiront à jamais!</p> - -<p>This most remarkable anagram was published -in the early days of the Crimean war.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">This curiously apposite anagram was formed -letter by letter from the surnames of the Oxford -and Cambridge <span class="nowrap">crews:—</span></p> - -<p>April first nineteen hundred and five. How -all warm, as arms, strong as light or dark blue -crew’s, all ply oars on very smooth Thames! Oh! -shall Cam’s boat lose?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII79">[III-79]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXIX">No. LXXIX.—FOR THE CHILDREN</h4> - -<p>Here is an excellent and amusing pastime for -the winter evenings. Cover a square of stout -cardboard with glazed black paper, and divide it -as is shown in this <span class="nowrap">diagram:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo513.png" alt="Tangram" /> -</div> - -<p>With a little ingenuity and some sense of -fun, any number of grotesque figures can be constructed -with the pieces, such as those which -we give here as samples. Try it.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The truth that there is often much in common -between puzzles and politics is borne out by the -following up-to-date anagram:—This Eastern -question—“Is quite a hornet’s nest.”</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Quite a good anagram, appropriate to the -name of a great author, and one of his works -runs <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Charles Dickens: Oliver Twist.<br /> -“Now C. D. strikes till vice hears.”</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p class="center blankbefore75">Confessions of an Opium-Eater</p> - -<p>The same letters recast <span class="nowrap">spell—</span></p> - -<p class="center"><i>If so man, refuse poison at once!</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII80">[III-80]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXX">No. LXXX.—JUDGING DISTANCE<br /> -(For the Children)</h4> - -<p>Can you, without measuring, say which two of -these posts are farthest apart?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo514.png" alt="Posts" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<h4>A JAPANESE ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p class="center">“Oyama is Field-Marshal.”<br /> -<i>Fame aid his loyal arms!</i></p> - -<h4>A TOPICAL ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p class="center">“North Sea outrage.”<br /> -<i>A ghost near route!</i></p> - -<h4>APPROPRIATE ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Madame Rachel.<br /> -<i>Deal me a charm.</i><br /> -<br /> -A. Tennyson.<br /> -<i>Any sonnet.</i></p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<h4>A FOURFOLD ANAGRAM</h4> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent"> -“Notes and Queries”<br /> -<i>A question sender.</i><br /> -<i>Enquires on dates.</i><br /> -<i>Reasoned inquest.</i><br /> -<i>I send on a request.</i></p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII81">[III-81]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXI">No. LXXXI.—HIT IT HARD</h4> - -<p>Place the two parts of a common wooden -match-box, empty, and in good condition, in the -position shown below.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo515.jpg" alt="Matchbox" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Now challenge any one to break them with a -smart downward blow of the edge of the hand. -What will happen? Try it.</p> - -<p>It is well to take care that no people are sitting, -or children standing, near the box, as it might fly -into their faces.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">An amusing sequence and a note of warning -run through these three anagrams:—Sweetheart, -“There we sat;” Matrimony, “Into my arm;” -One hug, “Enough.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII82">[III-82]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXII">No. LXXXII.—A RE-“BUS”</h4> - -<p>The driver of a London ’bus the other day -broke out into florid language as he nearly collided -with a brand new motor omnibus.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo516.jpg" alt="Matchbox" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>One of the travesties of “motor-’bus” which -he hurled at his rival is depicted in this diagram. -What was it?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXXXII">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>A PRIZE ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>This letter-perfect anagram could not be more -apposite if the words had been chosen from a -dictionary:—“Abdul Hamid Khan, Sultan of the -Ottoman Empire.”—“Inhuman despot, that -maketh Armenia bloodful.”</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The words in italics <span class="nowrap">in—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">One lovely <i>May morn it</i> chanced that I set<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My all on a new speculation;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But the venturesome step I can never regret,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For my prize has surpassed expectation,<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">find in <i>Matrimony</i> their anagram, which is also -the solution of the lines.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII83">[III-83]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXIII">No. LXXXIII.—ROUSING DEAD DOGS</h4> - -<p class="center highline15 smcapall">A GOOD OLD PUZZLE</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">These dogs are dead, we all should say;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Give them four strokes, they run away!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo517.png" alt="Dogs" /> -</div> - -<h4>A MEAL OF ANAGRAMS</h4> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="anagrams"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="center">Mute hen.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">Your posset.</td> -<td class="left padl4">Try our steak.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">One solid lamb.</td> -<td class="left padl4">Steamed or tossed.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="center">Mince sole.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>This is solved <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="anagrams"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="center">The Menu.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">Oyster soup.</td> -<td class="left padl4">Roast turkey.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padr4">Boiled salmon.</td> -<td class="left padl4">Dressed tomatoes.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2" class="center">Lemon ices.</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>Each corresponding sentence is a perfect -anagram.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15"><i>Earl of Beaconsfield</i> is spelt with the same -letters as the sentence “O able dealer in scoff!”</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">If a lion with an ear for music were to hear -the sound of an “oratorio,” he might say, as -an answer by anagram, <i>I roar too</i>!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII84">[III-84]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXIV">No. LXXXIV.—LIKE A BLACK SWAN</h4> - -<p>(<i>Nigroque simillima cygno.</i>)</p> - -<p>Here is quite a good “shadowgraph.”</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo518.png" alt="Swan" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>With a strong light and a little practice, any -one may easily produce this effect with the -shadow thrown by arms and hands.</p> - -<h4>ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What is Russia?—Russia <i>is ursa</i> (a bear).</p> - -<p class="blankbefore75">What did a Prime Minister say of the <i>Saturday -Review</i>?</p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75">That <i>it was a very rude</i> periodical.</p> - -<h4>BEANS AND BACON</h4> - -<p>What appropriate advice might be given by -anagram to those who support the “Shakespeare-Bacon” -controversy?</p> - -<p class="center"><i>Soak cheaper beans.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII85">[III-85]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXV">No. LXXXV.—CHEQUERS AND STRIPES</h4> - -<p>Here is a particularly charming domino -<span class="nowrap">puzzle:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo519.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Place any twenty stones, as is shown in the -diagram, so that in every row their fronts and -backs alternate. How can you change the -picture by only two movements, so that, retaining -its present form, you alter its chequers into -stripes?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXXXV">Solution</a></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The answer by anagram to—What helps to -make “bakers fat?” is <i>Breakfast</i>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII86">[III-86]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXVI">No. LXXXVI.—HANG THE MATCHES!</h4> - -<p>Here is an amusing method of turning wax -matches to quaint <span class="nowrap">account:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo520.png" alt="Gallows" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>If the wax is slightly melted, and perhaps -shredded for some effects, all sorts of fanciful -figures can be thus contrived.</p> - -<h4>ANSWER BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What does an editor say to each “ream of -paper?” <i>Appear for me.</i></p> - -<h4>LEWIS CARROLL’S WILL PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>Here is a most ingenious will puzzle, by Lewis -Carroll, which will be new to most of our readers. -Each of the following five questions has to be -answered by a different sentence, nine letters -long, and each sentence is spelt with the same -letters used in varied <span class="nowrap">order:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When are you going to make your will?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Shall I write it for you in pencil?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When may a man leave all his money to charities?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What did the uncle say when he heard this?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What did the nephew say when the uncle made him his heir?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>The anagram answers to the five questions in -Lewis Carroll’s will puzzle are as <span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When are you going to make your will?<br /></span> -<span class="i24"><i>Now I think.</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Shall I write it for you in pencil?<br /></span> -<span class="i24"><i>No, with ink.</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">When may a man leave all his money to charities?<br /></span> -<span class="i24"><i>With no kin.</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">What did the uncle say when he heard this?<br /></span> -<span class="i24"><i>Hint, I know.</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">What did the nephew say when the uncle made him his heir?<br /></span> -<span class="i24"><i>Think I won!</i><br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII87">[III-87]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXVII">No. LXXXVII.—A PARROT CRY</h4> - -<p>The good old <span class="nowrap">Rebus—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo521.png" alt="Parrots" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="noindent">may stand for the <span class="nowrap">proverb—</span></p> - -<p>“Honesty is the best policy.” (On ST is the -best poll I see!)</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII88">[III-88]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXVIII">No. LXXXVIII.—A PICTURE PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>Can you find eight animals that are concealed -in this wood?</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo522.png" alt="Animals" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_LXXXVIII">Solution</a></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">If we may go by its anagram the <i>gardenia</i> -needs careful “drainage.”</p> - -<h4>DEFINITIONS BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What is the “soldiers’” anagram?<br /></span> -<span class="i22"><i>Lo I dress.</i><br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What motto befits “Christianity?”<br /></span> -<span class="i22"><i>I cry that I sin.</i><br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII89">[III-89]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_LXXXIX">No. LXXXIX.—A SHADOWGRAPH</h4> - -<p>Here is a good old sample of an effect produced -by supple fingers in a strong light on the -<span class="nowrap">wall:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo523.png" alt="Shadowgraph" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Adjust the fingers as is shown, so as to secure -the bright spot for the eye, and then life-like -movements can easily be made with legs and -ears.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The characteristic for the moment of the gaol-bird -who began to tear his clothing, crying out, -“I mean to rend it!” was <i>determination</i>, which -contains exactly the same letters.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Those who, according to their anagram, are -best equipped for a “sea trip” are <i>Pirates</i>.</p> - -<h4>AN ANSWER BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What is most unlike a festival?—<i>Evil fast</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The three words in italics in the verse below -form also a long single word, of which the lines -themselves give a vivid <span class="nowrap">description:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">While many greet the friends they meet,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I know no face, I press no hand.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though busy feet may throng the street,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I <i>sit alone, sirs</i>, in the land.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="right padr4">“Solitariness.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII90">[III-90]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XC">No. XC.—A REBUS</h4> - -<p>Can you interpret this word-picture?</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo524.jpg" alt="Rebus" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>It represents the name of a famous man.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XC">Solution</a></p> - -<h4>ANSWER BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Should you wish to go by rail,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Hasten to the station;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Train on time” can never fail<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To reach its destination.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If you need a further clue<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Keep your journey’s end in view.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="right padr4"><i>Termination.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">We may expect to find “Anarchists” involved -<i>in rash acts</i> according to their anagram.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">When his patient has recovered, a “surgeon,” -can say by anagram <i>go nurse</i>!</p> - -<h4>ANSWER BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What momentous event of the last century -forms in two words an anagram of the three -words appropriate to it, “violence run forth?”</p> - -<p class="right padr4"><i>French Revolution.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII91">[III-91]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCI">No. XCI.—ON THE WALL</h4> - -<p>Here is a picturesque head, which in a strong -light can be thrown upon the wall by anyone -who is handy with his fingers.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo525.png" alt="Shadow" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The peaked cap seems to suggest a French -soldier.</p> - -<h4>ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What manner of men has “Eton” produced?</p> - -<p class="right padr4">Men of <i>tone</i> and <i>note</i>.</p> - -<p>What worries the “postman?”</p> - -<p class="right padr4"><i>No stamp.</i></p> - -<p>What are to be seen at “Epsom Races?”</p> - -<p class="right padr4"><i>Some pacers.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII92">[III-92]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCII">No. XCII.—ILLUSTRATED EGGS</h4> - -<p>As an excellent illustration of how much expression -can be given by quite a few simple -lines, if the pen or pencil is in artistic hands, we -give the outlines of half a dozen eggs, on which -by a few deft touches varied emotions of the -human face are cleverly depicted.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo526.png" alt="Eggs" /> -</div> - -<p>Here is a hint for fun in the home circle, with -a basket of eggs, a sheaf of pencils, and a prize -for the best rapid design. There is room for -two contrasting faces on each egg.</p> - -<h4>ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What did “Henry Wadsworth Longfellow” -do for America?</p> - -<p class="right">He <i>Won half the New World’s glory</i>.</p> - -<p>What was the happy result of patriotic “sentiment” -in our colonies during the Boer war?</p> - -<p class="right"><i>It sent men.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII93">[III-93]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCIII">No. XCIII.—THE FIVE STRAWS</h4> - -<p>Take five straws, each about four inches long, -and a shilling, and arrange them so that by -holding an end of one of the straws you can lift -them all.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo527.png" alt="Straws" /> -</div> - -<p>The diagram given above shows how, by -properly interlacing the five straws, the shilling -may be so inserted as to form a wedge which -locks them all together.</p> - -<h4>ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What can you say when using a “fire-escape?”</p> - -<p class="right"><i>I creep safe.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What is the extreme of “slow reading?”</p> - -<p class="right padr2"><i>A single word.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">How might a “Poorhouse” in olden days -have been described by its own letters?—<i>O sour -hope!</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What is “Old England” to her sons and -daughters?—<i>Golden land.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The battle of “Inkermann” tells by its anagram -of <i>men in rank</i>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII94">[III-94]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCIV">No. XCIV.—EQUIVALENT REDISTRIBUTION</h4> - -<p>In the problem known as “The Flighty Nuns,” -the Abbess in the central cell was satisfied so -long as she could count nine of her charges in -the cells on each of the four sides. Here are -diagrams which show how the thirty-six inmates -could on these terms absent themselves without -discovery, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 16, and even 18 at a -time by re-arrangement of their numbers in the -cells.</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Nuns"> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bt2 bl2">0</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">9</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">0</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="halfwide bl2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bordered bt2">1</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">8</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">0</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="halfwide bl2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bordered bt2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">5</td> -<td class="bordered bt2 br2">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bl2">9</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered">9</td> -<td class="bordered">8</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered">8</td> -<td class="bordered">5</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered br2">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bl2 bb2">0</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">9</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">0</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">0</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">8</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">1</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">5</td> -<td class="bordered br2 bb2">2</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="11" class="halfhigh"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bt2 bl2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">5</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">2</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="halfwide bl2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bordered bt2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">4</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">3</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="halfwide bl2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bordered bt2">3</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">3</td> -<td class="bordered bt2 br2">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bl2">5</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered">5</td> -<td class="bordered">4</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered">4</td> -<td class="bordered">3</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered br2">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bl2 bb2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">5</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">3</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">4</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">3</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">3</td> -<td class="bordered br2 bb2">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="11" class="halfhigh"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bt2 bl2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">5</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="halfwide bl2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bordered bt2">4</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">1</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">4</td> -<td rowspan="3" class="halfwide bl2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bordered bt2">5</td> -<td class="bordered bt2">0</td> -<td class="bordered bt2 br2">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bl2">2</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered">2</td> -<td class="bordered">1</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered">1</td> -<td class="bordered">0</td> -<td class="bordered">A</td> -<td class="bordered br2">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bordered bl2 bb2">5</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">2</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">4</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">1</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">4</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">4</td> -<td class="bordered bb2">0</td> -<td class="bordered br2 bb2">5</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The clue by anagram to those in search of -“hidden treasure” who sought to discover a -dish-cover is <i>dish under a tree</i>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII95">[III-95]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCV">No. XCV.—THE PUZZLED CARPENTER</h4> - -<p>To stop a serious leak a carpenter sought for -a board a foot square. The only piece he could -find was two feet square, but it was pierced with -sixteen holes, as in the diagram <span class="nowrap">below:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo529.png" alt="Board" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>How did he contrive to cut a square from this -of the necessary size?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XCV">Solution</a></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The answer by anagram to “What should we -all welcome, if the Chancellor of the Exchequer -could ‘introduce’ it into his Budget?” is <i>reduction</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Things that we know to be “transient” must -be looked at, according to their anagram, <i>instanter</i>.</p> - -<h4>A MUSICAL ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>Sweet Mary, the Maid of the Mill, arranged an -ingenious signal by song, by which, in olden days, -she could assure her father that all was well when -mischief was abroad. If he heard her singing, -“Do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si,” he was sure that -nothing was amiss. When these syllables are -shaken up, and recast as an anagram, what reassuring -sentence do they form?</p> - -<p>The musical syllables, sung as a reassuring -signal to her father, by Mary, the Maid of the -Mill, “Do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si,” when shaken -up and recast as an anagram form the sentence -“A mill door is safe.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII96">[III-96]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCVI">No. XCVI.—NOT EASY WHEN YOU KNOW</h4> - -<p>Of the many “match puzzles” the following -seems to be the most confusing to the ordinary -solver, and any variation of its original position -is enough to create fresh confusion.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo530.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Re-arrange three of these matches and form -four squares.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XCVI">Solution</a></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The enigma <span class="nowrap">anagram—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">They were orthodox as beadles,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But in business tricks and wheedles<br /></span> -<span class="i0">They were “sharp I see” as needles—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>Pharisees</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The question—Where did we buy “our fancy -mat?”—is answered by anagram at the <i>manufactory</i>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII97">[III-97]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCVII">No. XCVII.—SIMPLICITY</h4> - -<p>Construct this figure with five <span class="nowrap">matches:—</span></p> - -<div class="container15m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo531.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Remove three of the matches, and then replace -two of them so as to form a similar figure.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XCVII">Solution</a></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">A common and much-appreciated “dose at -meat shop” is, according to its anagram, <i>mashed -potatoes</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Tiglath-Pileser was the name of the king which -can be resolved into the anagram, “I till the -grapes.”</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">“Art? I begin art!” is an anagram for -<i>Great Britain</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">If heartily administered, <i>nine thumps</i>, the -anagram of “punishment,” would fall deservedly -upon the shoulders of a wife-beater.</p> - -<h4>ANSWER BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>Our strongest “armaments” are <i>men-at-arms</i>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII98">[III-98]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCVIII">No. XCVIII.—OVER THE WINE AND -WALNUTS</h4> - -<p>Can you build a bridge with three wooden -matches, which shall connect three wine-glasses, -and be solid enough to support a fourth set upon -it?</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo532.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This picture shows how it is to be done.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The <i>elephant</i>, according to its anagram, is the -animal to which the command “Leap then!” -would be the least appropriate.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The answer by anagram to “Whom should we -employ to make ‘alterations’ in our overcoats?” -is <i>Neat tailors</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Where do we go to remedy “disease?”</p> - -<p class="right padr2">To the <i>seaside</i>.</p> - -<p>Who should make a good “manager?”</p> - -<p class="right padr4"><i>A German.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII99">[III-99]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_XCIX">No. XCIX.—FROM THE MATCHBOX</h4> - -<p>Here is quite a simple match <span class="nowrap">problem:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo533.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Can you remove eight of these matches, that -now form nine squares, so as to leave only two -squares upon the table?</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzSolIII_XCIX">Solution</a></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">When Cato and Chloe, at the Popular Café, -decided to order for their afternoon tea a pot -of what is formed by the mixture of the letters -of their names, they called for <i>Chocolate</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The answer by anagram to “Why may the -scenery round Bournemouth be said to be ‘quite -spruce’?” is—because it is <i>picturesque</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Lord Roberts’ motto, “Virtute et Valore,” -is by its anagram <i>True to avert evil</i>, a happy -indication of his character.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII100">[III-100]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_C">No. C.—LIFT NINE WITH ONE</h4> - -<p>To arrange ten matches on a table, so that -with one hand you can lift nine of them with -the tenth, lay them, as is shown in Fig. 1, with -the heads of eight pillowed on one, and pointing -in opposite directions, and the tenth placed across -the ridge at the top.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo534.png" alt="Matches" /> -<p class="caption">Fig. 1<span style="padding-left: 25%; padding-right: 25%;"> </span>Fig. 2</p> -</div> - -<p>Then lift all, as shown in Fig. 2.</p> - -<h4>A MAN HIS OWN ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>The <span class="nowrap">enigma—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Behold in me a man forlorn,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who, though with sound limbs he was born,<br /></span> -<span class="i6">His anagram alas is!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For he has found out to his cost,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">While all his nimbleness is lost,<br /></span> -<span class="i6">How slippery wet grass is!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved by <i>Male, lame</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The answer by anagram to the question, -“Whom do ‘our big hens’ frequently annoy?” -is <i>neighbours</i>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII101">[III-101]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_CI">No. CI.—FREEHAND DRAWING</h4> - -<p>This is the way to draw in three strokes an old -woman looking out of a <span class="nowrap">window:—</span></p> - -<div class="container15m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo535.png" alt="Old woman" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Here is a puzzle <span class="nowrap">anagram:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Tell how to spell my name,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As on the stall you spy me,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For the letters are the same<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Which bid you how to buy me.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="right"><i>Peach—cheap.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The eglantine is the flower which quite contradicts -its anagram, <i>inelegant</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The touching epitaph in memory of little Alice -formed from the letters of her name was <i>à ciel</i>!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII102">[III-102]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_CII">No. CII.—A NOTABLE ANAGRAM</h4> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo536.png" alt="Plate" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Treated as an anagram the words “Cats on -truck” can be recast into <i>Nuts to crack</i>, and -the surrounding motto, “Yes! we sparkle on” -into <i>Pearsons Weekly</i>; so that the whole -design resolves itself into—<i>Nuts to crack, in -Pearson’s Weekly</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The old saying that a man who is his own -doctor has a fool for his patient, seems to be -borne out by the curious fact that the words, -“Dangers of amateur physicking,” resolve themselves -into the perfect anagram—“<i>The sick men -pay for drugs again</i>.”</p> - -<h4>A ’VARSITY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What every “undergraduate” hates—</p> - -<p class="right padr2"><i>A great rude dun</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The food for a crocodile which seems to be -indicated by its name is <i>cool’d rice</i>!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII103">[III-103]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_CIII">No. CIII.—WITH DRAWN SWORD</h4> - -<p>Here is a very simple and ingenious method -of representing roughly an officer with drawn -sword.</p> - -<div class="container15m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo537.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Six wax vestas, shredded to form the hair and -sword-belt, are fastened together by the application -of a little heat.</p> - -<p>Anyone with handy fingers and an ingenious -turn of mind can easily construct other quaint -figures in this style.</p> - -<p class="center blankbefore15">“Time and tide wait for no man.”</p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="center highline1"><span class="smcapall">ITS ANAGRAMS</span><br /> -A fine mandate to mind, I trow.<br /> -<i>and</i><br /> -A firm intent made, a “do it now.”</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII104">[III-104]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzIII_CIV">No. CIV.—SHADOWGRAPHS</h4> - -<p>Here are three excellent shadowgraphs, which -can be produced with good effect by flexible -fingers in a strong light on the wall.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo538.png" alt="Shadows" /> -</div> - -<p class="center blankbefore15">“Norway’s Olaf is in old England.”<br /> -<span class="smcapall">ITS ANAGRAMS</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Elf-lad, so loyal and so winning.<br /> -A darling son and noisy fellow.<br /> -Of winning lads, lead, royal son!<br /> -On London’s air wing safely lad.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<h4>ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Why should <i>city life</i> be happy?<br /> -Because the same letters spell <i>felicity</i>.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What is the best proof that “real stickphast -paste sticks?”</p> - -<p>The same letters spell—<i>Keep this, stick -scraps at last</i>!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII105">[III-105]</span></p> - -<h4>ANSWERS BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What place have our puzzles “in magic tale?”</p> - -<p class="right padr2">They are <i>enigmatical</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What great assembly would seem from its -name to consist of “partial men?”</p> - -<p class="right padr2"><i>Parliament.</i></p> - -<h4>CHARACTER BY ANAGRAM</h4> - -<p>What did Douglas Jerrold, by his name anagram, -declare himself to be?</p> - -<p class="center"><i>Sure, a droll dog I!</i><span class="padl8">(<i>i for j</i>)</span></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What in the old-fashioned days caused “the -wig” to be discarded?</p> - -<p class="right padr10"><i>Weight.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">The following curious peace anagrams are -appropriate in these days of disturbance. Each -set of words between inverted commas contain -exactly the same <span class="nowrap">letters:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza fsize90"> -<span class="i0">“To escape fray” I ever “stay for peace,”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In “quiet times,” too, “I’m quite set” at ease:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Let no “vile words” provoke the “evil sword,”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lest “red war” come, and bring its own “reward.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Why does the old proverb “Birds of a feather -flock together” form a mystic link between us -and our cousins in America?</p> - -<p>Because the same letters recast spell out the -patriotic sentence, <i>It rocks the broad flag of -the free</i>!</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What, by their anagram, are “platitudes?”</p> - -<p class="right padr10"><i>Stupid tales.</i></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII106">[III-106]</span></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Why is there a measure to “disappointment?”</p> - -<p class="right padr2">Because it is <i>made in pint pots</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What is the purpose of a “catalogue?”</p> - -<p class="right padr2">It is <i>got as a clue</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">If “porcus” is Latin for pig, what is Latin for -its body?</p> - -<p class="right padr4"><i>Corpus.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What may “laudation” easily become?</p> - -<p class="right padr2"><i>Adulation.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What is “revolution?”</p> - -<p class="right padr6"><i>To love ruin.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Define “The Griffin” (Temple Bar).</p> - -<p class="right padr10"><i>Fine fright.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Why is there room for variety in “twelve sentences?”</p> - -<p class="right">Because we can <i>select new events</i>.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">How do we know that “potatoes” in the -singular should not have an “e” at the end?</p> - -<p class="right">Because they spell <i>O stop at e</i>!</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What should be done to a “misanthrope?”</p> - -<p class="right padr4"><i>Spare him not.</i></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">What was the owl of “Minerva?”</p> - -<p class="right padr2"><i>A vermin!</i></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">These, wherever they are found,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Cluster lightly overhead.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Should you chance to turn them round<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Blows may tell of weight instead.<br /></span><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII107">[III-107]</span> -<span class="i0">Twisted in a foreign tongue,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You will see them as they are.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Changed again they need a bung<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When you move them full and far.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>This is solved by the anagram words <i>nuts</i>, <i>stun</i>, -<i>sunt</i>, <i>tuns</i>. (<i>Sunt</i> is Latin for “they are.”)</p> - -<h4>IPSISSIMA VERBA</h4> - -<p>A discussion arose one day, in the winter -season, between several members of a West-end -Club, as to the value of flannel underwear. A -London physician, who was appealed to, upheld -the need for this, and it was afterwards found -that his name, Alfred James Andrew Lennane, -treated as an anagram, becomes “Man needs -aired flannel wear.” This was singular, but -a much more curious coincidence of similar sort -was discovered by an expert in anagrams.</p> - -<p>Another member took quite an opposite view, -and declared that all should wear linen. By a -wonderful chance his name, Edward Bernard -Kinsila, resolves itself into the <i>actual words</i> that -came from his lips—“A d—— bad risk Dr., wear -linen!”</p> - -<h4>A CHRISTMAS CARD</h4> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Card"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="center smcapall">AN ANAGRAM</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">“Christmas comes but once a year.”<br /> -So by Christ came a rescue to man.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII108">[III-108]</span></p> - -<h3>PALINDROMES<br /> -OR<br /> -SENTENCES THAT READ BOTH WAYS</h3> - -<hr class="short" /> - -<h4>NAPOLEON’S PALINDROME</h4> - -<p class="center">Able was I ere I saw Elba.</p> - -<h4>ADAM AND EVE’S PALINDROME</h4> - -<p class="center">Madam, I’m Adam!</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">When Charles Grant, Colonial Secretary, was -made Lord Glenelg, in 1835, he was called Mr -Facing-both-ways, because his title Glenelg was -a perfect palindrome, that could be read with -the same result from either end.</p> - -<p>It was a member of the same family who sought -to prove the antiquity of his race by altering -an “i” into an “r” in his family Bible, so that -the text ran, “there were Grants on the earth -in those days.”</p> - -<h4>A GOOD PALINDROME</h4> - -<p>“Roma, ibi tibi sedes, ibi tibi amor,” which may -be rendered, “At Rome you live, at Rome you -love;” is a sentence which reads alike from either -end.</p> - -<h4>A QUAINT PALINDROME</h4> - -<p class="center">Eve damned Eden, mad Eve!</p> - -<p>This sentence reads alike from either end.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">A good specimen of a palindrome is this German -saying that can be read from either <span class="nowrap">end:—</span></p> - -<div class="centerblock"> - -<p class="noindent">Bei Leid lieh stets Heil die Lieb<br /> -(In trouble comfort is lent by love.)</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII109">[III-109]</span></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Here are some ingenious palindromes, which -can be read from either <span class="nowrap">end:—</span></p> - -<p>Repel evil as a live leper.</p> - -<p>Dog, as a devil deified, lived as a god.</p> - -<p>Do Good’s deeds live never even? Evil’s deeds -do O God!</p> - -<h4>A SCHOOLBOY’S PALINDROME</h4> - -<p class="center">“Subi dura a rudibus”</p> - -<p>“I have, endured roughness from the rod” -which can be read alike from either end.</p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Very notable as a long palindrome, even if it -is not true record of the great surgeon’s experience, -is this quaint sentence:—“Paget saw an -Irish tooth, sir, in a waste gap.”</p> - -<h4>A PEACE PALINDROME</h4> - -<p class="center"> -Snug & raw was I ere I saw war & guns.</p> - -<p>This sentence reads alike from either end.</p> - -<h4>A PALINDROME PUZZLE</h4> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A turning point in every day,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Reversed I do not alter.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One half of me says haste away!<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The other bids me falter.—<i>Noon.</i><br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Very remarkable for its length and good sense -combined is the following palindrome, which can -be read from either end with the same result:—“No, -it is opposed, art sees trades opposition.”</p> - -<h4>A PERFECT PALINDROME</h4> - -<p>Perhaps the most perfect of English palindromes -is the excellent <span class="nowrap">adage—</span></p> - -<p class="center">“Egad, a base tone denotes a bad age.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII110">[III-110]</span></p> - -<p class="blankbefore15">Here is the most remarkable Latin palindrome -on <span class="nowrap">record:—</span></p> - -<p class="center highline15">SATOR AREPO TENET OPERA ROTAS</p> - -<p>Its distinguishing peculiarity is that the first -letters of each successive word unite to form the -first word, the second letters spell the second -word, and so on throughout the five words; and -as the whole sentence is a perfect palindrome, -this is also true on reversal.</p> - -<div class="container05m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo544.png" alt="Grapes" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII111">[III-111]</span></p> - -<h3>SOLUTIONS</h3> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_III">No. III.—A BOOK AND ITS AUTHOR</h4> - -<p>The well-known book and its author which -are represented by</p> - -<div class="container10m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo545.png" alt="A 1 1" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="noindent">are “Innocents Abroad,” by Mark Twain. (In -no sense A broad, by mark twain.)</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_III">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_IV">No. IV.—ON THE SHUTTERS</h4> - -<div class="shutters"> - -<div class="split5050"> - -<div class="left5050 br"> - -<p>No. <br /> -John Mar<br /> -in atten<br /> -from 8 a.m. <br /> -Barber <br /> -Hair C<br /> -The bald cry a<br /> -for hi<br /> -as displayed <br /> -which make hair g<br /> -Closes </p> - -</div><!--left5050--> - -<div class="right5050"> - -<p>I<br /> -shall<br /> -dance<br /> -daily<br /> -and<br /> -utter<br /> -loud<br /> -s creams<br /> -in this window<br /> -listen<br /> -after 8 p.m.</p> - -</div><!--right5050--> - -<p class="thinline allclear"> </p> - -</div><!--split5050--> - -</div><!--shutters--> - -<p>The shutter on the left blew open, leaving the -other to tell its strange tale.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_IV">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII112">[III-112]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_VI">No. VI.—SOLVITUR AMBULANDO</h4> - -<p>A man, tracing step by step the various readings -of ROTATOR on this chequered floor, can exhaust -all of them, according to the arrangement -on our diagram, in 21,648 steps, spelling out -the word as he goes in the many directions 3608 -separate times!</p> - -<table class="rotator" summary="Floor tiles"> - -<tr> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -<td>O</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td><b>R</b></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>This large total is due mainly to the fact that -ROTATOR is a palindrome, and lends itself to -both backward and forward reading. The man, -a veritable rotator, will thus have walked more -than four miles within a compass of one hundred -and forty-four square feet.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_VI">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII113">[III-113]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_VIII">No. VIII.—AN OLD SAMPLER</h4> - -<table class="sampler" summary="Sampler"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td colspan="2" class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="9" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td> </td> -<td class="left padl6 padr1">AL. IT.</td> -<td rowspan="9" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">T.L</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">EW. O. MA!</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">N.T.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">Ho! UGH. AVE. Ryli.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">T.T.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">Let. Hi! N.G.I.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">S.S.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">We. Et. Erf. Art. Ha!</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">N.S.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">Ug. Ara. N.D.F. Lo!</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">W.E.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">R.S.T. Ha! TB.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4">L.O.</td> -<td class="left padl2 padr1">O! Mins. Pri.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td class="left padl8 padr1">N. G.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td colspan="2" class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The cross-stitch legend on the old sampler, if its -letters are read in regular sequence, runs <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A little woman, though a very little thing,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is sweeter far than sugar, and flowers that bloom in spring.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_VIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XII">No. XII.—STRIKE A BALANCE</h4> - -<p>This diagram shows how, while the odd and -even numbers of the nine digits add up to 25 -and 20 respectively, they can be arranged in two -groups so that the odd and the even add up to -exactly the same sum.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo547.png" alt="Calculations" /> -</div> - -<table class="dontwrap illotext" summary="Calculations"> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 1</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 2</td> -<td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 3</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 5</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 4</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="right padl4 padr0">79</td> -<td rowspan="2"> </td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 7</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 6</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="right padl4 padr0">84</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="left padl0 padr4"><sup>2</sup>⁄<sub>6</sub></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 9</td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"> 8</td> -<td class="right padl4 padr0">5</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4"><sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"><span class="bt">25</span></td> -<td class="center padl4 padr4"><span class="bt">20</span></td> -<td class="right padl4 padr0"><span class="bt">84</span></td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4"><span class="bt"><sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub></span></td> -<td class="right padl4 padr0"><span class="bt">84</span></td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4"><span class="bt"><sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>3</sub></span></td> -</tr> - -</table> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII114">[III-114]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XIII">No. XIII.—PUZZLE LINES</h4> - -<p>The puzzle <span class="nowrap">lines—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">HKISTA!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">MRS LR’S SR<br /></span> -<span class="i0">MR LR KRS.<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“BLR MR LR!”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">MRS LR HRS—<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">when read according to the usual pronunciation -of Mr and Mrs, and taking the title from the -Greek, become, by affinity of <span class="nowrap">sound—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2"><i>He kissed her!</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Mrs Lister’s sister<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Mr Lister kisses.<br /></span> -<span class="i00">“Blister Mr Lister!”<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Mrs Lister hisses.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XIV">No. XIV.—IN MEMORIAM</h4> - -<p>The puzzle <span class="nowrap">epitaph—</span></p> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Inscription"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td colspan="8" class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="6" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="left padl4 padr0">WEON</td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">.</td> -<td colspan="2" class="left padl0 padr0">CEW</td> -<td class="center">.</td> -<td class="left padl1 padr0">ERET</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2">.</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4">WO</td> -<td rowspan="6" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padl4 padr0">WET</td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">.</td> -<td colspan="2" class="left padl0 padr0">WOM</td> -<td class="center">.</td> -<td class="left padl1 padr0">ADEO</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2">.</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4">NE</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padl4 padr0">NON</td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">.</td> -<td colspan="2" class="left padl0 padr0">EFIN</td> -<td class="center">.</td> -<td class="left padl1 padr0">DUST</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2">.</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4">WO</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="left padl4 padr0">NO<span class="padl1"> .</span></td> -<td class="center padl0 padr0">WLI</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2"> . </td> -<td class="right padl0 padr0">F</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr0">EB</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr0"><span class="padl1 padr1">.</span>EGO</td> -<td class="center padl2 padr2">.</td> -<td class="left padl0 padr4">NE</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8" class="center higherline">WILLIAM and MARGARET<br />TAYLOR</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="8" class="center higherline">Anno Domini 1665.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bt2"> </td> -<td colspan="8" class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">reads <span class="nowrap">thus—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">We once were two,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">We two made one.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">None find us two<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Now life be gone.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XIV">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII115">[III-115]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XVI">No. XVI.—A QUAINT EPITAPH</h4> - -<table class="muraltablet" summary="Epitaph"> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow br2 bb2"> </td> -<td class="bb2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bb2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td rowspan="2" class="narrow br2"> </td> -<td class="left padl4 padr4 gesp2">IT - OBIT - MORTI - MERA<br /> -PUBLI - CANO - FACTO - NAM<br /> -AT - RES - T - M - ANNO - XXX<br /> -ALETHA - TE - VERITAS<br /> -TE - DE - QUA - LV - VASTO<br /> -MI - NE - A - JOVI - ALTO<br /> -PERAGO - O - DO - NE - AT<br /> -STO - UT - IN - A - POTOR - AC<br /> -AN - IV - VAS - NE - VER - A</td> -<td rowspan="2" class="narrow bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center higherline fsize110"><b>R - I - P</b></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="narrow bt2 br2"> </td> -<td class="bt2"> </td> -<td class="narrow bt2 bl2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="noindent">reads into English <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p>“I Tobit Mortimer, a publican of Acton, am at -rest. Man, no treble X ale that ever I tasted -equal was to mine. A jovial toper, a good one -at stout in a pot or a can, I was never a rip!”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XVI">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XIX">No. XIX.—SHAKESPEARE RECAST</h4> - -<p>If you start with the first <b>T</b> in this combination, -and then take every third <span class="nowrap">letter—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo549.png" alt="Riddle" /> -</div> - -<div class="centerblock illotext"> - -<p class="noindent"> -HOUSE.CANOE.AFTER.<br /> -HOUR.PRINT.CAVE.CHILD<br /> -SASH.SLEVE.ACORN.<br /> -AMPLE.SAD.TATTA.HENA<br /> -MAT.ACHE.CAKE.TACHES.<br /> -HELIAC.SACQUE.USUAL.<br /> -ARBOR.SEE.MULCH.JACUR.<br /> -USE.STOP.</p> - -</div><!--centerblock--> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII116">[III-116]</span></p> - -<p class="noindent">you will form the popular quotation, “Thrice -is he armed that hath his quarrel just.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XIX">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XX">No. XX.—A DOUBLE ACROSTIC</h4> - -<p>The excellent double <span class="nowrap">Acrostic—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">An old Italian bird we know<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whose heart was ever touched by snow.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza nomargin"> -<span class="i0">1. None can press me without pain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">   Pressure is against the grain.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">2. I am a king without my head.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">3. Here is another king instead.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">is solved <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="dontwrap" summary="Solution"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="5" class="center">CORNIX</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">1.</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="center">C</td> -<td class="center">or</td> -<td class="center">N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">2.</td> -<td class="center padl1 padr1">(R)</td> -<td class="center">O</td> -<td class="center">—</td> -<td class="center">I</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="center">3.</td> -<td> </td> -<td class="center">R</td> -<td class="center">e</td> -<td class="center">X</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>We may tell those of our readers who have -not studied the dead languages that <i>cornix</i> is -the Latin for a crow, and that the word can be -broken up into <i>cor</i>, heart, and <i>nix</i>, snow, while -<i>rex</i> is, of course, a king in Latin, as <i>roi</i> is in -French. The double meaning of corn is brought -out by “against the grain.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XX">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXI">No. XXI.—HIDDEN PROVERBS</h4> - -<p>The five hidden proverbs <span class="nowrap">are:—</span></p> - -<p class="hind02">“A rolling stone gathers no moss.”</p> - -<p class="hind02">“Too many cooks spoil the broth.”</p> - -<p class="hind02">“A live dog is more to be feared than a dead lion.”</p> - -<p class="hind02">“You cannot eat your cake and have it.”</p> - -<p class="hind02">“Peace hath her victories no less renowned than war.”</p> - -<p>Start from the central A, and work round and -round.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXI">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII117">[III-117]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXVII">No. XXVII.—WAS IT VOLAPÜK?</h4> - -<p>Read backwards it becomes “Old birds are -not caught with chaff.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXVII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXVIII">No. XXVIII.—ANOTHER EPITAPH</h4> - -<p class="center highline2 fsize80">(<i>On an Old Pie Woman</i>)</p> - -<p class="center highline15">BENE AT hint HEDU S.T.T.H. emo Uldy O<br /> -L.D.C. RUSTO F.N.E. L.L.B.<br /> -AC. hel orl AT Ely<br /> -W ASS hove N.W. how ASS Kill’d<br /> -Int heart SOF pi escu Star<br /> -D. sand Tart Sand K N ewe,<br /> -Ver yus E oft he ove N.W. Hens he<br /> -’Dliv’ Dlon geno<br /> -UG H.S. hem Ade he R la STP uffap<br /> -UF FBY HE RHU<br /> -S. B an D. M.<br /> -Uchp R.A. is ’D no Wheres He dot<br /> -H L. i.e. TOM a Kead I.R.T.P. Iein hop est<br /> -Hat he R.C. Rust W I<br /> -L.L.B. ERA IS ’D——!</p> - -<p>This puzzle epitaph, written aright, runs <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Beneath in the dust the mouldy old crust<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of Nell Bachelor lately was shoven,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who was skilled in the arts of pies, custards, and tarts,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And knew every use of the oven.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII118">[III-118]</span></p> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When she’d liv’d long enough she made her last puff,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A puff by her husband much prais’d;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now here she doth lie to make a dirt pie,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In hopes that her crust may be rais’d.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXVIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXXI">No. XXXI.—BY LEAPS AND BOUNDS</h4> - -<table class="poemxxxi" summary="Poem"> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>tle</td> -<td>to</td> -<td>a</td> -<td>cat-</td> -<td>life</td> -<td>and</td> -<td>live</td> -<td>In</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>By</td> -<td>tle</td> -<td>ow-</td> -<td>bro<br />wse</td> -<td>of</td> -<td>non</td> -<td>tle</td> -<td>fall</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>ter</td> -<td>tur-</td> -<td>gain</td> -<td>like</td> -<td>land</td> -<td>one’s</td> -<td>quiet</td> -<td>And</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>of</td> -<td>ar<br />m</td> -<td>Bet-</td> -<td>me<br />ad-</td> -<td>and</td> -<td>Than</td> -<td>a-</td> -<td>bat-</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>bask</td> -<td>Be<br />t-</td> -<td>lau-</td> -<td>or</td> -<td>tle</td> -<td>ness</td> -<td>done</td> -<td>wan-</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>rel</td> -<td>let</td> -<td>Than</td> -<td>die</td> -<td>With</td> -<td>der</td> -<td>of</td> -<td>smo<br />ke</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>ter</td> -<td>in</td> -<td>brain</td> -<td>myr-</td> -<td>on</td> -<td>and</td> -<td>har-</td> -<td>un-</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="thin"> </td> -<td>Ch<br />ap-</td> -<td>or</td> -<td>to</td> -<td>sun</td> -<td>with</td> -<td>work</td> -<td>In</td> -<td>heat</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The “Knight’s Tour” verses run as <span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Better to die with harness on<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In smoke and heat of battle,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Than wander and browse, and fall anon<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In quiet of meadow-land cattle.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Better to gain, by arm or brain,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Chaplet of laurel or myrtle,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Than bask in sun, with work undone,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And live one’s life like a turtle,<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">beginning with “Bet,” and ending in the top -left-hand corner.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXXI">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII119">[III-119]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXXII">No. XXXII.—A BROKEN SQUARE</h4> - -<p>The Broken Word Square is made perfect -<span class="nowrap">thus—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>B</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>K</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>W</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXXII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXXIII">No. XXXIII.—A KNIGHT’S TOUR PROVERB</h4> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Chess board"> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>T</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>L</td> -<td>H</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td>R</td> -<td> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td>O</td> -<td> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td>P</td> -<td> </td> -<td>M</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>To solve the “Knight’s Tour” proverb start -with M, and by a succession of moves, as of a -knight on the chess-board, you can spell out -the proverb “More haste less speed.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXXIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII120">[III-120]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXXIV">No. XXXIV.—GUARINI’S PROBLEM</h4> - -<p>The solution of Guarini’s Problem, to transpose -the positions of the white and black knights on -the subjoined diagram on which they appear, -is made clear by following the moves on the -lettered <span class="nowrap">diagram:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo554.png" alt="Chess problem" /> -</div> - -<p>First move the pieces from a to A, from b to B, -from c to C, and from d to D. Then move them -from A to d, from B to a, from C to b, and from -D to c. The effect so far is as if the original -square had been rotated through one right angle. -Repeat the same sequence of moves, and the required -change of positions is completed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXXIV">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXXV">No. XXXV.—AN ANAGRAM SQUARE</h4> - -<p>This is the solution of the Word Square.</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr class="btd"> -<td class="bld">A</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -<td class="brd">S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bld">M</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>O</td> -<td class="brd">N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bld">E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>L</td> -<td class="brd">E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bld">N</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>L</td> -<td class="brd">E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="bld">D</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td class="brd">R</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bbd"> -<td class="bld">S</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td class="brd">S</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXXV">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII121">[III-121]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXXVII">No. XXXVII.—A KNIGHT’S TOUR</h4> - -<p>The letters on the board below, read aright -in the order of a Knight’s moves at chess, -starting from the most central E form the -following popular <span class="nowrap">proverb:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered" summary="Chess board"> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>Y</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Y</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>A</td> -<td> </td> -<td>H</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>I</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>O</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>H</td> -<td>W</td> -<td> </td> -<td>Y</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>Y</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>D</td> -<td> </td> -<td>B</td> -<td>W</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Y</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>H</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>W</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Early to bed, and early to rise,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is the way to be healthy, and wealthy, and wise.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXXVII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXXVIII">No. XXXVIII.—A WORD SQUARE</h4> - -<p>Dr Puzzlewitz completed his Word Square -<span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXXVIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII122">[III-122]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XXXIX">No. XXXIX.—THE SQUAREST WORD</h4> - -<p>This is completed <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>F</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>L</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>F</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>It will be seen that there are four distinct readings -of each word.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XXXIX">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XL">No. XL.—A PUZZLE DIAMOND</h4> - -<p>The Diamond is completed <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Diamond"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>D</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>T</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>P</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>T</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>D</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>M</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>P</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>D</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>D</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>D</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XL">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XLI">No. XLI.—A DEFECTIVE DIAMOND</h4> - -<p>The Defective Diamond is completed <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Diamond"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>S</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>G</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>M</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>P</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>L</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>G</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>L</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td> </td> -<td>M</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>L</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -<td colspan="3"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -<td>R</td> -<td colspan="4"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XLI">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII123">[III-123]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XLIII">No. XLIII.—LETTER PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>The word is <i>Level</i>, filled in <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>V</td> -<td> </td> -<td>V</td> -<td> </td> -<td>V</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -<td> </td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>V</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>L</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XLIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XLVII">No. XLVII.—THE CIRCLE SQUARED</h4> - -<p>The Circle can be squared <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>C</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>I</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>U</td> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>C</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>L</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>M</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XLVII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XLVIII">No. XLVIII.—A BROKEN SQUARE</h4> - -<p>This is the completed <span class="nowrap">Square:—</span></p> - -<table class="magicsquare bordered sstype" summary="Word square"> - -<tr> -<td>B</td> -<td>O</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>O</td> -<td>B</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>A</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>S</td> -<td>C</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>P</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>T</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>I</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>R</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>R</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>S</td> -<td>E</td> -<td>N</td> -<td>T</td> -<td>S</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XLVIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII124">[III-124]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XLIX">No. XLIX.—A CARD PROBLEM</h4> - -<p>Here is the arrangement of the aces, kings, -queens, and knaves of a pack of cards in a kind -of Magic <span class="nowrap">Square:—</span></p> - -<table class="cardsquare" summary="Card square"> - -<tr> -<td>CLUBS<br />ACE</td> -<td>SPADES<br />KING</td> -<td>HEARTS<br />QUEEN</td> -<td>DIAMONDS<br />KNAVE</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>HEARTS<br />KNAVE</td> -<td>DIAMONDS<br />QUEEN</td> -<td>CLUBS<br />KING</td> -<td>SPADES<br />ACE</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>DIAMONDS<br />KING</td> -<td>HEARTS<br />ACE</td> -<td>SPADES<br />KNAVE</td> -<td>CLUBS<br />QUEEN</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>SPADES<br />QUEEN</td> -<td>CLUBS<br />KNAVE</td> -<td>DIAMONDS<br />ACE</td> -<td>HEARTS<br />KING</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>In each row, column, and diagonal, one, and -one only, of the four suits and of the four denominations -is represented.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XLIX">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_L">No. L.—TURF-CUTTING</h4> - -<p>The eight thin strips of turf, cut from my lawn -to form the four sides of two square rose-borders, -can be placed on a level surface of soil thus without -being broken or <span class="nowrap">bent:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo558.png" alt="Strips" /> -</div> - -<p>This forms a framework for the three flower-beds -of similar shape and size.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_L">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII125">[III-125]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LI">No. LI.—A READY RECKONER</h4> - -<p>The gardener decided that the water-butt was -more than half-full <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo559a.png" alt="Barrel" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>He tilted it steadily, and some of the water -ran over its edge before the bottom corner <i>A</i> -came into sight; but as soon as the water level -stood at <i>A B</i> the cask was exactly half full.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LI">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LII">No. LII.—A TRANSFORMATION</h4> - -<p>The flat-headed 3 can be turned into a 5 by one -continuous line, without scratching out any -portion of the 3, by treating the flat top of the -3 as part of a square drawn round the 5, -<span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo559b.png" alt="Transformation" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII126">[III-126]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LIII">No. LIII.—A CLEAR COURSE</h4> - -<p>Here is a list of ninety-two positions, in which -eight pieces can be placed upon the chess or -draughtboard so that each has a clear course -in every direction.</p> - -<table class="clearcourse" summary="Solution"> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">1</td> -<td>1586</td> -<td>3724</td> -<td class="counter">24</td> -<td>3681</td> -<td>5724</td> -<td class="counter">47</td> -<td>5146</td> -<td>8273</td> -<td class="counter">70</td> -<td>6318</td> -<td>5247</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">2</td> -<td>1683</td> -<td>7425</td> -<td class="counter">25</td> -<td>3682</td> -<td>4175</td> -<td class="counter">48</td> -<td>5184</td> -<td>2736</td> -<td class="counter">71</td> -<td>6357</td> -<td>1428</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">3</td> -<td>1746</td> -<td>8253</td> -<td class="counter">26</td> -<td>3728</td> -<td>5146</td> -<td class="counter">49</td> -<td>5186</td> -<td>3724</td> -<td class="counter">72</td> -<td>6358</td> -<td>1427</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">4</td> -<td>1758</td> -<td>2463</td> -<td class="counter">27</td> -<td>3728</td> -<td>6415</td> -<td class="counter">50</td> -<td>5246</td> -<td>8317</td> -<td class="counter">73</td> -<td>6372</td> -<td>4815</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bbg"> -<td class="counter">5</td> -<td>2468</td> -<td>3175</td> -<td class="counter">28</td> -<td>3847</td> -<td>1625</td> -<td class="counter">51</td> -<td>5247</td> -<td>3861</td> -<td class="counter">74</td> -<td>6372</td> -<td>8514</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">6</td> -<td>2571</td> -<td>3864</td> -<td class="counter">29</td> -<td>4158</td> -<td>2736</td> -<td class="counter">52</td> -<td>5261</td> -<td>7483</td> -<td class="counter">75</td> -<td>6374</td> -<td>1825</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">7</td> -<td>2574</td> -<td>1863</td> -<td class="counter">30</td> -<td>4158</td> -<td>6372</td> -<td class="counter">53</td> -<td>5281</td> -<td>4736</td> -<td class="counter">76</td> -<td>6415</td> -<td>8273</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">8</td> -<td>2617</td> -<td>4835</td> -<td class="counter">31</td> -<td>4258</td> -<td>6137</td> -<td class="counter">54</td> -<td>5316</td> -<td>8247</td> -<td class="counter">77</td> -<td>6428</td> -<td>5713</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">9</td> -<td>2683</td> -<td>1475</td> -<td class="counter">32</td> -<td>4273</td> -<td>6815</td> -<td class="counter">55</td> -<td>5317</td> -<td>2864</td> -<td class="counter">78</td> -<td>6471</td> -<td>3528</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bbg"> -<td class="counter">10</td> -<td>2736</td> -<td>8514</td> -<td class="counter">33</td> -<td>4273</td> -<td>6851</td> -<td class="counter">56</td> -<td>5384</td> -<td>7162</td> -<td class="counter">79</td> -<td>6471</td> -<td>8253</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">11</td> -<td>2758</td> -<td>1463</td> -<td class="counter">34</td> -<td>4275</td> -<td>1863</td> -<td class="counter">57</td> -<td>5713</td> -<td>8642</td> -<td class="counter">80</td> -<td>6824</td> -<td>1753</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">12</td> -<td>2861</td> -<td>3574</td> -<td class="counter">35</td> -<td>4285</td> -<td>7136</td> -<td class="counter">58</td> -<td>5714</td> -<td>2863</td> -<td class="counter">81</td> -<td>7138</td> -<td>6425</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">13</td> -<td>3175</td> -<td>8246</td> -<td class="counter">36</td> -<td>4286</td> -<td>1357</td> -<td class="counter">59</td> -<td>5724</td> -<td>8136</td> -<td class="counter">82</td> -<td>7241</td> -<td>8536</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">14</td> -<td>3528</td> -<td>1746</td> -<td class="counter">37</td> -<td>4615</td> -<td>2837</td> -<td class="counter">60</td> -<td>5726</td> -<td>3148</td> -<td class="counter">83</td> -<td>7263</td> -<td>1485</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bbg"> -<td class="counter">15</td> -<td>3528</td> -<td>6471</td> -<td class="counter">38</td> -<td>4682</td> -<td>7135</td> -<td class="counter">61</td> -<td>5726</td> -<td>3184</td> -<td class="counter">84</td> -<td>7316</td> -<td>8524</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">16</td> -<td>3571</td> -<td>4286</td> -<td class="counter">39</td> -<td>4683</td> -<td>1752</td> -<td class="counter">62</td> -<td>5741</td> -<td>3862</td> -<td class="counter">85</td> -<td>7382</td> -<td>5164</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">17</td> -<td>3584</td> -<td>1726</td> -<td class="counter">40</td> -<td>4718</td> -<td>5263</td> -<td class="counter">63</td> -<td>5841</td> -<td>3627</td> -<td class="counter">86</td> -<td>7425</td> -<td>8136</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">18</td> -<td>3625</td> -<td>8174</td> -<td class="counter">41</td> -<td>4738</td> -<td>2516</td> -<td class="counter">64</td> -<td>5841</td> -<td>7263</td> -<td class="counter">87</td> -<td>7428</td> -<td>6135</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">19</td> -<td>3627</td> -<td>1485</td> -<td class="counter">42</td> -<td>4752</td> -<td>6138</td> -<td class="counter">65</td> -<td>6152</td> -<td>8374</td> -<td class="counter">88</td> -<td>7531</td> -<td>6824</td> -</tr> - -<tr class="bbg"> -<td class="counter">20</td> -<td>3627</td> -<td>5184</td> -<td class="counter">43</td> -<td>4753</td> -<td>1682</td> -<td class="counter">66</td> -<td>6271</td> -<td>3584</td> -<td class="counter">89</td> -<td>8241</td> -<td>7536</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">21</td> -<td>3641</td> -<td>8572</td> -<td class="counter">44</td> -<td>4813</td> -<td>6275</td> -<td class="counter">67</td> -<td>6271</td> -<td>4853</td> -<td class="counter">90</td> -<td>8253</td> -<td>1746</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">22</td> -<td>3642</td> -<td>8571</td> -<td class="counter">45</td> -<td>4815</td> -<td>7263</td> -<td class="counter">68</td> -<td>6317</td> -<td>5824</td> -<td class="counter">91</td> -<td>8316</td> -<td>2574</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="counter">23</td> -<td>3681</td> -<td>4752</td> -<td class="counter">46</td> -<td>4853</td> -<td>1726</td> -<td class="counter">69</td> -<td>6318</td> -<td>4275</td> -<td class="counter">92</td> -<td>8413</td> -<td>6275</td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>The numbers indicate the position on the eight -successive columns of the cells on which the -men are to be placed. Of course, many similar -arrangements arise from merely turning the -board.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII127">[III-127]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LIV">No. LIV.—QUARRELSOME NEIGHBOURS</h4> - -<p>This diagram shows, by the dotted lines, how -the three unfriendly neighbours made the covered -pathways to their gates, so that they might never -meet or cross each other’s paths.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo561a.png" alt="Paths" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LIV">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LVI">No. LVI.—THE CROSS KEYS</h4> - -<p>The Cross Keys puzzle when put together takes -the form shown below.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo561b.png" alt="Paths" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The method is as follows:—Hold <i>a</i> upright -between forefinger and thumb of left hand. -With the right hand push <i>b</i> through the slot -until the further edge of the middle slot is nearly -even with the outer edge of <i>a</i>. Then lower <i>c</i>, -held with the short arm of the cross nearest -to you, over the top of <i>a</i>, so that the central -portion passes through the cross cut in <i>b</i>. Finally<span class="pagenum" id="PageIII128">[III-128]</span> -push <i>b</i> towards the centre, until the transverse -cut is hidden, and the puzzle is completed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LVI">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LVII">No. LVII.—THE NABOB’S DIAMONDS</h4> - -<p>When the children of the Indian Nabob divided -his diamonds, the first taking one stone and a -seventh of the remainder, the second two stones -and a seventh of what was left, the third three -under similar conditions, and so on till all were -taken, there were 36 diamonds and 6 children.</p> - -<p>The division is prettily illustrated <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo562.png" alt="Diamonds" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>This shows how the first three took their -shares, indicated by black dots, the remainder -being carried down each time, and by similar -process three more claimants would exhaust all -the diamonds.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LVII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII129">[III-129]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LVIII">No. LVIII.—A CARD CHAIN</h4> - -<p>To solve the Card Chain puzzle take a card -about 5 in. by 3 in., as shown below, draw a light -pencil line from <i>A</i> to <i>B</i> and from <i>C</i> to <i>D</i>, lay the -card in water till you can split its edges down -to the pencil lines, and put it aside to dry.</p> - -<p>With a sharp knife cut quite through the straight -lines, but only half through the dotted lines on -the split edges. The corresponding figures show -the bar of each link, marking its two parts, which -are connected by the upper and under halves -of the split portion. A little patient ingenuity -will now release link after link, and thus complete -the chain.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo563.png" alt="Cuts" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LVIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII130">[III-130]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LIX">No. LIX.—STRAY DOTS</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo564a.png" alt="Grid" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LIX">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LX">No. LX.—THE OPEN DOOR</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo564b.png" alt="Maze" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The prisoner who is placed in the cell marked -A, and is promised his liberty if he can reach<span class="pagenum" id="PageIII131">[III-131]</span> -the door at <i>X</i> by passing through all the cells, -entering each once only, gains his freedom by -passing from <i>A</i> to the cell below, and thence -<i>returning</i> to <i>A</i>, and leaving it again <i>by the other -door</i>; his further course then is quite simple.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LX">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXII">No. LXII.—LEAP FROG</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo565.png" alt="Leap frog" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Move 9 to 13, 3 to 9, 7 to 3, 22 to 7, 18 to 22, -24 to 18, 9 to 24, 13 to 9, 7 to 13, 3 to 7, 18 to -3, 22 to 18.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXIII">No. LXIII.—MUSIC HATH CHARMS</h4> - -<p class="noindent">is explained by the <span class="nowrap">couplet—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“From <i>Handel</i> I learn<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As my <i>handle</i> I turn.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII132">[III-132]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXVII">No. LXVII.—A SWARM OF WORDS</h4> - -<p>This is the key</p> - -<table class="diamondshape" summary="Cross"> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>M</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>A</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>M</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>D</td> -<td>A</td> -<td>M</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>A</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -<td>M</td> -<td colspan="2"> </td> -</tr> - -</table> - -<p>If these letters form each of the five crosses -the conditions are all fulfilled.</p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo566.png" alt="Cross" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>In each cross the words Madam, Adam, Ada -can be traced in sixteen different directions, and -the words Dam, am and a in four directions, -so that there are no less than three hundred and -twenty readings of these words in the whole -mystic cross, and sixty-four in each separate -cross, though only three different letters are -used.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXVII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXVIII">No. LXVIII.—AFTER SOME SAD REVERSE</h4> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo502b.png" alt="Upside down head" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXVIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXX">No. LXX.—A PICTURE PUZZLE</h4> - -<p class="center">“A misunderstanding between friends.”</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXX">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXXIV">No. LXXIV.—A NERVOUS SHOCK</h4> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo508b.png" alt="Upside-down head" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXXIV">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXXVIII">No. LXXVIII.—A TRANSPARENCY</h4> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo512b.png" alt="7119791/1119" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXXVIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII133">[III-133]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXXXII">No. LXXXII.—A RE-BUS</h4> - -<p>It was <i>Incubus</i> that the driver of a London -Road car hurled as a scornful charge, at his -rival on a motor car.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXXXII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXXXV">No. LXXXV.—CHEQUERS AND STRIPES</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo567.png" alt="Dominoes" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>Put a finger on one of the black backs in the -top row, and move that stone round to the bottom -of its column, then push upward, so that each -stone rises into the row above it. Repeat this -with the other back, and the stripes are formed.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXXXV">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII134">[III-134]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_LXXXVIII">No. LXXXVIII.—A PICTURE PUZZLE</h4> - -<p>The eight animals hidden in this wood are-- -<i>Giraffe</i>, <i>Lion</i>, <i>Camel</i>, <i>Elephant</i>, <i>Hog</i>, <i>Horse</i>, <i>Bear</i>, -<i>Hound</i>.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo568a.png" alt="Puzzle" /> -</div> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_LXXXVIII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XC">No. XC.—A REBUS</h4> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo568b.jpg" alt="Well in g ton" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p>The solution is <i>Wellington</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XC">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII135">[III-135]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XCV">No. XCV.—THE PUZZLED CARPENTER</h4> - -<p>The carpenter, anxious to stop a leak, was able -to cut a board a foot square from a board two -feet square, which was pierced at regular intervals -by sixteen holes, by the following ingenious -<span class="nowrap">method:—</span></p> - -<div class="container20m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo569a.png" alt="Punched board" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XCV">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XCVI">No. XCVI.—NOT EASY WHEN YOU KNOW</h4> - -<p>The solution of the puzzling match rearrangement -is as follows:—We repeat the original five -square diagram, from which four squares were to -be formed by rearranging three matches, and its -solution below.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo569b.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XCVI">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII136">[III-136]</span></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XCVII">No. XCVII.—SIMPLICITY</h4> - -<p>When we have constructed this figure with -five matches, we can remove three of the matches, -and then replace two of them so as to form a -similar figure, by moving any three of them a -short distance, and then replacing the two that -are left behind, in their original positions! This -“catch” finds many victims.</p> - -<div class="container15m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo570a.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XCVII">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h4 id="WordPuzzSolIII_XCIX">No. XCIX.—FROM THE MATCHBOX</h4> - -<p>The diagram below shows how eight matches -can be removed from the nine-square arrangement -so as to leave two squares on the table.</p> - -<div class="container30m"> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/illo570b.png" alt="Matches" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#WordPuzzIII_XCIX">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII137">[III-137]</span></p> - -<h4>MISSING WORDS SOLUTIONS</h4> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII1">1</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">What tempting <i>sprite</i> beguiled the boy to sample<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Fruit that hung <i>ripest</i> on the parson’s trees?<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Stripe</i> upon <i>stripe</i> shall make him an example<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When the stern <i>priest</i> has brought him to his knees.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII1">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII2">2</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Man of the dark room, <i>traces</i> none I find<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon these <i>cartes</i> of likeness to my features.<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Carest</i> thou naught, O man of evil mind,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Who <i>racest</i> thus to libel fellow creatures?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Evil thus done <i>reacts</i> upon the doer,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The <i>carets</i> in thy conduct, sir, are many;<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Recast</i> thy life, and let thy crimes be fewer,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or all thy <i>crates</i> of good won’t fetch a penny!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII2">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII3">3</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The missing words all spelt with the same<br /></span> -<span class="i0">seven letters, are <i>tho’ near</i>, <i>a hornet</i>, <i>or neath</i>, <i>nor</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>hate</i>, <i>or then a</i>, <i>near hot</i>, <i>than o’er</i>, <i>ten hoar</i>, <i>the</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>roan</i>, and <i>eat horn</i>.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII3">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII4">4</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">’Neath <i>bluest</i> Indian seas fierce battles spread<br /></span> -<span class="i2">’Twixt <i>subtle</i> hermit-crabs and other shellfish!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With horrid <i>bustle</i> when their foes are dead<br /></span> -<span class="i2">These crabs declare their shells <i>sublet</i>, so selfish.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII4">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII5">5</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though <i>seated</i> secure and <i>sedate</i> in his cage,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Our Polly, when <i>teased</i>, will fly into a rage.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII5">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII138">[III-138]</span></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII6">6</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">All courtly honours are but light<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As grains that from a <i>grater</i> fly;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And he who wears the <i>Garter</i> bright<br /></span> -<span class="i2">May haply in a <i>garret</i> die.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII6">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII7">7</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">I’d rather from a <i>manger</i> eat,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I give my sacred word,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Than dine in slums where <i>ragmen</i> meet,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And <i>German</i> pedlars herd.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII7">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII8">8</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A much married <i>grandee</i> of Cadiz<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Once <i>angered</i> some riotous ladies.<br /></span> -<span class="i4">To <i>derange</i> him they chucked<br /></span> -<span class="i4">A <i>grenade</i>, but he ducked,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which <i>enraged</i> these rude ladies of Cadiz.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII8">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII9">9</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A lass and her lover were <i>warned</i> by the sky<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Not to <i>wander</i> too far where no shelter was nigh.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">She lingered behind, and <i>drew an</i> old church,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">St. <i>Andrew</i> by name, and was left in the lurch.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">She tried a short cut through the park on the grass,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But sternly the <i>warden</i> forbade her to pass.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then helplessly stood the disconsolate maid,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When the lad she was soon to <i>wed ran</i> to her aid.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII9">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII10">10</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When <i>weather</i> smiles, and sunbeams play<br /></span> -<span class="i2">On flowers that <i>wreathe</i> and deck the green,<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Whate’er</i> can match the scene so gay<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Whereat</i> they crown the May-day queen?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII139">[III-139]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII10">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII11">11</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">’Tis said of William, while his forces rested<br /></span> -<span class="i0">On Albion’s <i>shores</i>, when Harold had been bested,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He made the <i>shoers</i> of his <i>horses</i> fuse<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Saxon spear-heads, to fashion into shoes.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII11">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII12">12</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Happiness, brighter than <i>rubies</i>, is dead;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Life’s battle, sterner and <i>busier</i> now,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Heals the sore <i>bruise</i> that love left as it fled,<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Buries</i> remembrance of long-broken vow!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII12">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII13">13</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Press critics fall on me like sharks:<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“A shameless <i>patcher</i> of odds and ends,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No <i>chapter</i> original,” and more remarks<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In adverse mood. But stay, my friends,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He <i>carpeth</i> best who hath his record clean;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My faults are published, yours are yet unseen!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII13">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII14">14</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0"><i>Plates</i> are his <i>staple</i>, fashion-forms of grace<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In <i>pastel</i> deftly hinted.<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Pleats</i> soft as <i>petals</i>, crowned by Beauty’s face,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In <i>palest</i> hues are tinted.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII14">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII15">15</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When Kate <i>no heart</i> <i>nor heat</i> displayed<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>He ran to</i> hide a tear;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“All love is dead <i>on earth</i>,” he said.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">“<i>Another</i> I’ll <i>not hear</i>!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII15">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII16">16</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Some grinding at the <i>tholes</i> must toil,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Down-trodden <i>helots</i> of to-day;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">While other children of the soil<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In vast <i>hotels</i> their wealth display.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII16">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII140">[III-140]</span></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII17">17</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Betrayed by faithless friends, in <i>sadder</i> mood<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Man <i>dreads</i> his fellows as the <i>adder’s</i> brood.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII17">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII18">18</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With divers <i>inks</i> his <i>skin</i> is scarred,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He hangs a bangle in his nose;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Such marks secure his <i>kin’s</i> regard,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Exalt his fame, and <i>sink</i> his foes.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII18">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII19">19</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0"><i>Steward</i>, who, as we <i>west’ard</i> roll,<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Drawest</i> for me the foaming bowl,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And <i>wardest</i> off unfriendly spray<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With oilskin-cape, thou shalt not say<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“In vain I’ve <i>strawed</i> my favours here.”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’ll think of thee when port is near!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII19">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII20">20</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With high <i>ideals</i> for hearts and hands,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">These <i>ladies</i> <i>sailed</i> for distant lands.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII20">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII21">21</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The <i>premiss</i> of his speech did not<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Impress</i> his audience a jot.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">They greeted all he said thereafter<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With <i>simpers</i>, smiles, and open laughter.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII21">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII22">22</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">To convent shrine at break of day<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With <i>palms</i> together nuns repair;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Mid gleaming <i>lamps</i> they kneel and pray,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And chanted <i>psalm</i> allays each care.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII22">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII23">23</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Here once, as a hag is bedizened with paint,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A <i>devil</i> <i>lived</i>, <i>veil’d</i> in the garb of a saint.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII141">[III-141]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII23">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII24">24</h5> - -<p>The missing words of the lines “In praise of -Sussex,” are <i>apers</i>, <i>rapes</i>, <i>spear</i>, <i>spare</i>, <i>pears</i>, -<i>reaps</i>, <i>parse</i>, <i>pares</i>, all spelt with the same letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII24">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII25">25</h5> - -<p>The missing words are <i>there</i>, <i>ether</i>, and <i>three</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII25">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII26">26</h5> - -<p>The missing words are <i>trades</i>, <i>daters</i>, <i>treads</i>, -<i>darest</i>, and <i>read’st</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII26">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII27">27</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The <i>Tsar</i> with <i>arts</i> importunate<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To rule his <i>tars</i> may try;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His <i>star</i> is so unfortunate<br /></span> -<span class="i2">That “<i>rats</i>” they may reply!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII27">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII28">28</h5> - -<p>The missing words are <i>mace</i>, <i>acme</i>, and <i>came</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII28">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII29">29</h5> - -<p>The missing words are <i>esprit</i>, <i>sprite</i>, <i>priest</i>, -<i>stripe</i>, and <i>ripest</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII29">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII30">30</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Of all destructive country pests<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The farmer <i>loves</i> <i>voles</i> least;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He cannot yet the puzzle <i>solve</i><br /></span> -<span class="i2">How to suppress the beast!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII30">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII31">31</h5> - -<p>The “Fresh Air Fund” missing words are -given below in <span class="nowrap">italics:—</span></p> - -<p class="center blankbefore75">OH THE <i>LUSTRE</i> OF THE <i>RESULT</i></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The <i>slimes</i> of darkest London are radiant with <i>smiles</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">You can <i>read</i> it in their <i>dear</i> little faces:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So wherever you <i>reside</i> let it be your heart’s <i>desire</i><br /></span> -<span class="i2">To ease the <i>cares</i> and sorrows of all <i>races</i>!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII142">[III-142]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII31">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII32">32</h5> - -<p>She <i>rouges</i> in vain, “Men are <i>rogues</i>, and as shy -As <i>grouse</i> in October,” she says with a sigh.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII32">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII33">33</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When good men lapse the <i>Serpent</i> grins,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">When one <i>repents</i> he swears;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And strives to set his former sins<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Against his <i>present</i> prayers.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII33">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII34">34</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">His hands and face were <i>swart</i>, and sad<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Upon the <i>straw</i> a gipsy lad<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lay: as the breeze his temples fanned<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He counted <i>warts</i> on either hand.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII34">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII35">35</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In yon grey <i>manse</i> an old divine<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Taught me my “<i>mensa</i>” to decline,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And verbs with <i>names</i> of mood and tense;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But while I plodded on apace<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I had to keep the <i>means</i> of grace,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And close his prayers with loud <i>amens</i>.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII35">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII36">36</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">No reckless <i>drawer</i> of the sword,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He <i>warred</i> his fatherland to save.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fighting for freedom, not <i>reward</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now <i>warder</i> of the eastern seas.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII36">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII37">37</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A fair <i>design</i>, though <i>singed</i> and frayed,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The critic <i>deigns</i> to own,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And it might interest the trade<br /></span> -<span class="i2">If <i>signed</i> by some one known.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII37">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII143">[III-143]</span></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII38">38</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">In his <i>latter</i> days, as when he was young,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The <i>tatler</i> indulges in <i>rattle</i> of tongue.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII38">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII39">39</h5> - -<p>The missing words indicated in the lines which -begin</p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A cylindrical lock<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where no key can be found.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="noindent">are a <i>ringlet</i>, <i>triangle</i>, <i>relating</i>, <i>altering</i>, and <i>integral</i>, -which are all spelt with the same eight -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII39">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII40">40</h5> - -<p>The lines with missing words, which are increased -each time by one letter, run <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A lover of <i>an</i> unkind fair<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Were less than <i>man</i> did he not <i>moan</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Mine is no <i>nomad</i> life, I swear,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">It dwells in this <i>domain</i> alone.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Grant me thy love, like <i>diamond</i> chaste<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>On diadem</i>, lest thou live unwooed,<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Doomed in a</i> lonely life to waste<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The treasure of sweet <i>maidenhood</i>.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII40">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII41">41</h5> - -<p>The missing words are <i>bared</i>, <i>beard</i>, <i>debar</i>, -<i>bread</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII41">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII42">42<br /> -THE PAUPER’S PLAINT</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Pale penury that <i>rivest</i> social bands,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And any link that <i>rivets</i> worth to fame,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take ye the blame for my inactive hands,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I <i>strive</i> in vain to build upon the sands,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Without a <i>stiver</i>, who can make a name?<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII144">[III-144]</span></p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII42">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII43">43</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Mr Backslide, afflicted with weakness of mind,<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Cantered</i> over to Lushington’s inn, where he dined.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He <i>recanted</i> the pledge he had taken as handy,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And emptied forthwith a <i>decanter</i> of brandy.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII43">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII44">44</h5> - -<p>The missing words are indicated below by -<span class="nowrap">italics:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A <i>sutler</i> sat in his <i>ulster</i> grey,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Watching the moonbeams <i>lustre</i> play<br /></span> -<span class="i0">On a keg that in the bushes lay;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And these were the words of his song:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Thou <i>rulest</i> the weak, thou <i>lurest</i> the strong,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To thee the <i>result</i> of bad deeds doth belong.”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the leaves with a <i>rustle</i> took up the sad song.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p>It would be difficult to find a better specimen -than this of seven words spelt with the same -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII44">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII45">45</h5> - -<p>In these lines each of the words in italics is longer -by one letter than the one before, the same letters -being carried on in varied <span class="nowrap">order:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Nature <i>I</i> love <i>in</i> every land,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">On burning plain, by wooded rill;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where <i>Ind</i> is girt by coral strand,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or <i>Edin</i> rears her castled hill.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then <i>deign</i> from me the tale to hear,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How, true to one <i>design</i>, the bee<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Once <i>singled</i> out keeps year by year<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The <i>leadings</i> by her instinct given,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which teach her, wheresoe’er she roam,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">In every clime beneath the heaven,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To build the same <i>six-angled</i> home.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII45">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII145">[III-145]</span></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII46">46</h5> - -<p>The missing words are <i>smite</i>, <i>times</i>, <i>emits</i>, -<i>items</i>, and <i>mites</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII46">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII47">47</h5> - -<p>The missing words of the Farmyard puzzle are -printed in <span class="nowrap">italics:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">All his flock from <i>danger</i> rough,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To the <i>garden</i> ran apace,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where their <i>gander</i>, old and tough,<br /></span> -<span class="i2"><i>Ranged</i>, the guardian of his race.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII47">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII48">48</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Come, landlord, fill the flowing <i>pots</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Until their <i>tops</i> run over;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For in this <i>spot</i> to-night I’ll <i>stop</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To-morrow <i>post</i> to Dover!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII48">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII49">49</h5> - -<p>The four missing words are <i>silent</i>, <i>listen</i>, <i>enlist</i>, -and <i>tinsel</i>, which are all spelt with the same -letters.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII49">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII50">50</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Some men their <i>teams</i> escorted on their way,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When “<i>Mates</i> look here!” I heard a driver say:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“It <i>tames</i> our pluck to toil like <i>steam</i> all day,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When, wanting <i>meats</i>, we starve on wretched pay.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII50">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII51">51<br /> -WISDOM WHILE YOU WAIT</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">As a <i>general</i> <i>gleaner</i> of facts you’ll find<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Our Encyclopædia <i>enlarge</i> the mind.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII51">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII52">52</h5> - -<p>The missing words are <i>nectar</i>, <i>Cretan</i>, <i>canter</i>, -<i>trance</i>, <i>recant</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII52">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII146">[III-146]</span></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII53">53</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0"><i>I Satan</i> but for rebel act<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Without <i>a stain</i> should be;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But this <i>is at an</i> end, in fact<br /></span> -<span class="i2">None find <i>a saint</i> in me.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII53">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII54">54</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Oh for a <i>break</i> in this vast solitude,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">This endless rise and fall of <i>brake</i> and moor!”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Soliloquised a <i>baker</i> in sad mood,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">As through the lonely hills the staff of life he bore.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII54">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII55">55<br /> -THE SEA SERPENT</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">’Twas in <i>mid-ocean</i> that we saw him play,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like a <i>demoniac</i> in his sports, and they<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Amused us, as a good <i>comedian</i> may.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII55">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII56">56</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Soup is <i>on table</i> for a <i>notable</i> divine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who with <i>no table</i> is <i>not able</i> to sit down and dine.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII56">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII57">57</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sweet as the <i>rose</i> and cruel as its thorn,<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Eros</i> thy power is great, thy pity scorn.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Swift as the <i>roes</i> that through the forest fly,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Deep as the <i>ores</i> that deepest hidden lie,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is thine own <i>sore</i> to hapless mortals given,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Semblance of darkest hell or brightest heaven.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII57">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII58">58</h5> - -<p>The missing words, dedicated to the Fresh -Air Fund, read <span class="nowrap">thus:—</span></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII147">[III-147]</span></p> - -<p class="center">GOOD <i>TIMES</i> FOR CITY <i>MITES</i></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My pipe <i>emits</i> for <i>me its</i> charms, that yield<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Pictures and <i>items</i> of a children’s day.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Lest conscience <i>smite</i> I <i>sit me</i> down to say<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My <i>mites</i> shall send some City <i>mites</i> afield.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII58">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII59">59</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">He said “you <i>Cretan</i>,” when one lied,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He said “don’t <i>canter</i>,” when one hied,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His glass held <i>nectar</i> at his side,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He can <i>recant</i> what he denied.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII59">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII60">60</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Mr Snip, the <i>agnostic</i>, was <i>coasting</i> a hill,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With a bag of new <i>coatings</i> for stock;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When a runaway motor-car gave him a spill<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Which scattered his doubts with the shock.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII60">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII61">61</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0"><i>Pales</i> her fair cheek, and back o’er all<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The <i>lapse</i> of years <i>leaps</i> memory.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Those wedding <i>peals</i> to her recall<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The <i>pleas</i> he urged so tenderly.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII61">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII62">62</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Two burglars attempted to <i>rifle</i> a house,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But the <i>filer</i> was heard, though as still as a mouse.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When challenged at once he a <i>flier</i> became,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But caught as a <i>lifer</i> he finished his game.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII62">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII63">63</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">The <i>licensed</i> fool in olden days<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Gave kings advice in jesting phrase;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He’s <i>silenced</i> now: the modern throne<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Declines</i> all follies but its own.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII63">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII148">[III-148]</span></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII64">64</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Days of <i>dearth</i>, and times of evil,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Starving girls with <i>thread</i> do toil,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No man <i>dareth</i> feast or revel,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Hushed is <i>hatred</i> and turmoil.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII64">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII65">65</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Who <i>reineth</i> in his pride and rage,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To <i>neither</i> vice a prey,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">May hope to reach a green old age,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And find <i>therein</i> his stay.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII65">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII66">66</h5> - -<p>This is the full text of Moore’s witty reply, -when Limerick courted him as her member, and -the “boys for fun’s sake” asked him to what -party he <span class="nowrap">belonged:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“I’m of no party as a man,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But as a poet <i>am—a—tory</i>!”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII66">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII67">67</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Is England <i>Israel</i>? That this is so<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A solemn <i>serial</i> aspires to show.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">By most ignored, the theme <i>is real</i> to some,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who gravely to the same conclusion come.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like <i>Ariels</i> o’er obstacles they soar,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And if an <i>earl is</i> ’vert they rave the more.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII67">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII68">68</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Off to the links is now their cry,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For golf is man’s <i>idolatry</i>:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Be not <i>dilatory</i> or slow,<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Adroitly</i> hit the ball will go.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII68">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII69">69</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">No maid e’er <i>resided</i>, North, South, East, or West,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">More <i>desired</i> than she who <i>derides</i> Love’s request.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII69">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII149">[III-149]</span></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII70">70</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Though in <i>adversity</i> I be,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It is, alas! <i>sad verity</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">No <i>vestry aid</i> comes nigh to me.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII70">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII71">71</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0"><i>Mastering</i> his pride the royal James<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Came down upon the <i>streaming</i> Thames;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like <i>emigrants</i> his court repair<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To breath <i>St Germain</i>’s freer air.<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII71">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII72">72</h5> - -<p>The drop letter lines are as <span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With lily leaves his oars are <i>trifling</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her eager hands their treasures <i>rifling</i>.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To the fair winds all cares <i>I fling</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And echo faintly answers <i>fling</i>!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII72">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII73">73</h5> - -<p>The solution of the enigma with missing -<span class="nowrap">letters:—</span></p> - -<p>“There was no good ... in the d...y, so the klim,” <span class="nowrap">is—</span></p> - -<p>There was no good air in the dairy, so the milk turned.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII73">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII74">74</h5> - -<p>But unmerciful disaster followed fast and -followed faster.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII74">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII75">75</h5> - -<p>If you write <i>stale</i> <i>tales</i>, at <i>least</i> do not <i>steal</i> -the <i>slate</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII75">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII76">76</h5> - -<p>The six missing words are <i>Siren</i>, <i>risen</i>, <i>Erin’s</i>, -<i>reins</i>, <i>rinse</i>, <i>resin</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII76">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="PageIII150">[III-150]</span></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII77">77</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A man of <i>parts</i> had caught a <i>sprat</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And it was windy weather;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Give me my <i>strap</i>,” he cried, “to fix<br /></span> -<span class="i2">My fish and <i>traps</i> together.”<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII77">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII78">78</h5> - -<p>The missing words are <i>Cesar</i>, <i>acres</i>, <i>races</i>, <i>cares</i>, -<i>scare</i>.</p> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII78">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII79">79</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy my ripe <i>melons</i>, my <i>lemons</i> who’ll buy?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Don’t look so <i>solemn</i>, but take some and try!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII79">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<h5 id="MissWordsSolIII80">80</h5> - -<div class="poemcenter"> - -<div class="poem"> - -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">He who <i>nips</i> may <i>snip</i> at last,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How to <i>spin</i> we show;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Take a sixpence, hold it fast,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Press the <i>pins</i> and blow!<br /></span> -</div><!--stanza--> - -</div><!--poem--> - -</div><!--poemcenter--> - -<p class="solution"><a href="#MissWordsIII80">Back to Puzzle</a></p> - -<div class="container05m"> - -<div class="figcenter lastleaf"> -<img src="images/illo584.png" alt="Leaf" /> -</div> - -</div><!--container--> - -<p class="center blankbefore8 fsize80">P<span class="bt">RINTED BY M‘LAREN AND CO., LTD., EDINBURG</span>H.</p> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="tnbot" id="TN"> - -<h2>Transcriber’s Notes</h2> - -<p>Inconsistent spelling, hyphenation, capitalisation, etc. and lay-out have been retained, except as mentioned below. The -same applies to repetitions, factual errors, mistakes, unclarities and contradictions in the puzzles, riddles etc. and in the -solutions provided.</p> - -<p>Depending on the hard- and software and their settings used to read this text, not all elements may display as -intended.</p> - -<p>Page I-7, Monster Magic Square: row 2 column 2 should be 48, not 41; row 3 column 9 should be 92, not 72.</p> - -<p>Page I-30, magic triangle, bottom row 0 should be 8 (as in the solution on page I-150).</p> - -<p>Page I-89, "on opposite sides of the central line": this should be read "on opposite sides of the -central lines" (both horizontal and vertical).</p> - -<p>Page I-130, mens’ tears: as printed in the source document.</p> - -<p>Page I-131, An Illusion of Type: the phenomenon described may not work with every font. -Therefore the right-side-up and upside-down text lines -have been inserted as an additional illustration.</p> - -<p>Page I-136, For the Children, last sentence: the opposite is true: If this is an even quantity the coins or sweets in -the right hand are odd, and in the left even; if it is odd the contrary is the case.</p> - -<p>Page II-130, number 81: some words were misprinted or missing altogether; -these have been added based on the context: -... the man [fe]ll sick ...; [Ho]w ought his estate ...; and ... to [the] widow, son and daughter.</p> - -<p>Page II-148, Notable Chronogram: IAVDES should have read LAVDES, which would result in the year 1894 (when the organ was -blessed).</p> - -<p>Page II-176, Solution LXXX: The positions of the dots are indicated in the text only, not in the diagram.</p> - -<p>Page II-204, Solution 65, 12 + <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> = <sup>13</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>: the calculation only works -if the 12 were replaced with <sup>12</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub> (or 6), which would be in accordance with the description.</p> - -<p>Page II-206, Solution 77: <i>two</i> and <i>twenty</i> pence should probably read <i>two and twenty</i> pence.</p> - -<p>Page III-3 and III-111, No. III: The illustration in the question is not the same as the one in the answer.</p> - -<p>Page III-25, Begins 2 U U U up: possibly an error for Begins 2 UU U up (cf. other repeated letters).</p> - -<p>Page III-35, No. XXXV, five words: there are six words in the puzzle (and in the solution).</p> - -<p>Page III-77, inspiréd strain: as printed in the source document.</p> - -<p><b>Changes made</b></p> - -<p>Some obvious minor typographical and punctuation errors and misprints have been corrected silently.</p> - -<p>Some minor lay-out inconsistencies have been standardised without further remarks; where necessary, table and -text-elements have been re-arranged and aligned in accordance with the description given.</p> - -<p>The part numbers have been inserted on the blank pages preceding each part.</p> - -<p>Throughout the book, items from one category (preceded by an Arabic number) are occasionally printed split over two pages, -with one or more items from other categories (often preceded by a Roman numeral) between the several parts. For this text, -these split items have been recombined on the page where they originally started, and -references to their respective parts have -been deleted.</p> - -<p>The part numbers (I, II and III) have been added to the page numbers for easier reference.</p> - -<p>Items in <span class="illotext">dotted boxes</span> do not occur as such in the original book but have been -transcribed schematically from the illustration.</p> - -<p>The illustrations on Page II-63 (No. LXIII) and II-65 (No. LXV) have been flipped -horizontally, the illustrations on page II-68 (No. LXVIII) and -II-78 (No. LXXVIII) have been rotated, all in order to correctly display the letters and numbers.</p> - -<p>Page I-141: "cigars" changed to "cigares" (French, 2x).</p> - -<p>Page II-99, 6<sup>1</sup> changed to 6<sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>2</sub>.</p> - -<p>Pages II-113 and II-185, illustration: reference letter "F" added.</p> - -<p>Page II-199: "there they sold" changed to "these they sold".</p> - -<p>Page II-225, Solution 6: "f <i>on</i> d l <i>over</i>" changed to "a f <i>on</i> d l <i>over</i>".</p> - -<p>Page III-7, No. VII: "<span class="smcap">BVT In trVth</span>" changed to "<span class="smcap">bVt In -trVth</span>".</p> - -<p>Page III-41, No. 67: "And if — —— is ’vert" changed to "And if an —— — -’vert".</p> - -<p>Page III-46: "chêrit" changed to "chérit".</p> - -<p>Page III-54, No. LIV: in the printed document, the doors are marked (left to right) B - A - C, and the gates -B - A - C as well. The gates’ marks have been changed to C - A - B in order to agree with the solution provided on -page III-127.</p> - -<p>Page III-67, illustration: unprinted asterisk added to the right-hand arm of the cross.</p> - -<p>Page III-78: "a jamais" replaced with "à jamais".</p> - -<p>Page III-108: "stats" replaced with "stets".</p> - -<p>Page III-123, Solution XLIII: V inserted in bottom line cf. puzzle.</p> - -<p>Page III-124: "stripes" changed to "strips" cf. puzzle.</p> - -<p>Page III-128: "86 diamonds and 6 children" changed to "36 diamonds and 6 children".</p> - -<p>Page III-132: Solutions LXVIII and LXXIV have been added to -show the upside-down illustrations. Solution LXXVIII has been -added to show the reversed illustration.</p> - -</div><!--TN--> - -<pre style='margin-top:6em'> -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TWENTIETH CENTURY STANDARD PUZZLE -BOOK *** - -This file should be named 63884-h.htm or 63884-h.zip - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/6/3/8/8/63884/ - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. 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