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diff --git a/old/old/63298.txt b/old/old/63298.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 6301829..0000000 --- a/old/old/63298.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4733 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The New Democracy, by Walter Vrooman - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: The New Democracy - A handbook for Democratic speakers and workers - -Author: Walter Vrooman - -Release Date: September 26, 2020 [EBook #63298] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE NEW DEMOCRACY *** - - - - -Produced by Carlos Colón, The Library of Congress and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - - - - - Transcriber's Notes: - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by - =equal signs=. - - Small uppercase have been replaced with regular uppercase. - - Blank pages have been eliminated. - - Variations in spelling and hyphenation have been left as in the - original. - - - - - THE - NEW DEMOCRACY. - - - - - _A Handbook for Democratic Speakers - and Workers._ - - - An Outline of the Methods of the National Volunteers of - Democracy and of the Volunteer Speakers Bureau. - - - - BY - WALTER VROOMAN. - - - - - Price: Cloth, 75 cents; Paper, 25 cents. - - - - - Copyright - BY WALTER VROOMAN, - Wainwright Building, - ST. LOUIS, MO. - - - - Witt Printing Co. - - - - -THE NEW DEMOCRACY. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -Upon the close of the 1896 national campaign, it was decided at an -informal conference of several of the leaders of the Democratic -party, to establish a bureau of speakers for the continuous -propaganda of Democratic principles by new and young men, while the -acknowledged leaders of the party were busy in the Senate and House of -Representatives. In December, 1896, headquarters were opened at St. -Louis. - -Several hundred speakers soon became attached to this bureau, and it -was decided to form a permanent organization, that would bring together -not only the speakers but all the workers of the party. The outcome of -this has been the organization of the National Volunteers of Democracy, -with the Speakers' Bureau and Training School as a special department. -Each volunteer is expected to assist in forming regular Democratic -clubs, except where for special reasons it is found advisable to -organize Silver or Populist clubs, and also to build up and strengthen -clubs now in existence. - -Heretofore, the handbooks for Democratic speakers and workers, have -been so stuffed with statistics and figures as to burden and confuse -the minds of their readers, consequently there is a demand for -something simpler, for something that will give a bird's eye view of -the political situation, with suggestions as to best methods of work -and speech. - -It is to supply such a handbook to Democratic speakers and workers, and -to outline the plans of the Democratic Volunteers, that this little -book has been written. - - -St. Louis, Mo., June 1, 1897. - - - - -CHAPTER I. - -INTRODUCTORY. - - -The New Democracy is the Old Democracy. It is likewise the only -Democracy, and in July, 1896, after years of suppression, it became the -Regular Democracy. - -The Democracy taught by Jefferson and Jackson is the Democracy of -Bryan, Stone and the Chicago platform. But the victory at Chicago of -true Democracy over the counterfeit that for years fraudulently used -its name was not however a finality; it was a beginning, and what was -there accomplished nationally is yet to be accomplished locally in -many states and cities. We have not only to push on to new and local -victories after taking the central citadel, but what is of greater -importance, must hold the positions already taken. - -It was said that at the Chicago Convention we not only "raised the -dead" but "cast out devils." We must remember, however, that there are -other devils, which in many places still possess the party locally, and -the miracle of casting them out can only be performed by the power that -comes of unselfish patriotism. - -It is noble to fight for a righteous cause, but it is glorious to WIN -in a righteous fight. The exposure of Republican lies, the betrayal -of their every promise made prior to the last general election, the -perfidy back of their pre-election threats, have made Democratic -victory reasonably certain in 1900. When the country has been cursed -four years more by the infamous gold standard and monopoly rule, the -majority of the people will favor a radical change. WE CAN BE DEFEATED -ONLY IN ONE WAY. Let us repeat this. There is but one possible way by -which the producing classes can be defeated at the polls in 1900; that -is by the same old trick used by tyrants in all ages, the placing of -their own lieutenants as the leaders of the people. - -The plutocrats fully appreciate this. They know that the people, weary -of Republican misrule, will vote another party into power, hence their -only salvation is to guide and control. They can do this in but one -way, by having the opposing army officered by generals of their own -choosing. It makes no difference how big the army, if the enemy chooses -its officers, it is doomed. - -This was the trick by which monopoly defeated Democracy in several -states during the recent campaign. The forces of the people were -hastily organized. The recruits were strangers to one another. By a -bold move on the part of plutocracy, backed by ample corruption funds, -the willing tools of the money power were in many places made leaders -of the very army formed to destroy the money power. As a consequence, -we, the people, CAST the votes, while in many places the gold standard -representatives of the Republican and Democratic parties COUNTED them; -and incidentally failed to count MANY. - -In 1900 the people may poll any number of votes, but, if we fail to -stamp out such traitors as David Bennett Hill, Calvin S. Brice, Wm. -C. Whitney and John G. Carlisle, who use the Democratic name only to -defeat Democratic principles, and who claim friendship for the poor -man only to add his product to the fortunes of the rich; unless we -expel these conspirators and hypocrites from the Democratic party, with -all their abbettors and partners in fraud, we will be defeated in spite -of our overwhelming advantage in numbers. - -Democracy now means the people against the organized money power. It -is simply insanity for us to prepare for battle and select as drill -masters, men whose salaries are paid by the very money power against -which we fight. - -Suppose a million American soldier boys were to march with flying flags -and beating drums, against an invading army of Cossacks and Turks, -and that by some trick the wily Czar and Sultan should secure the -appointment of Russian and Turkish officers over our troops. Should -we be surprised if thousands of our brave boys were led headlong into -ditches and slaughtered like rats in a trap and our magnificent army -cut in pieces by half as many European king worshippers? - -We should not be surprised. And no man who knows anything about -war could have been surprised when such fate befell the magnificent -army of raw recruits led last year by Bryan against the invasion -of the European moneyed despots. We were cut to pieces, ambushed, -scattered and defeated solely by the treachery of subordinate leaders -whom our great champion and the people trusted, who, by sympathies, -self-interest and custom, were bound to the very money power that we -were fighting to overthrow. And now the very men who sold out the -people, who defeated the cause of American independence and fastened -upon our nation the rule of the European money power for four more -years--these same men, led by that adept in low cunning, that master -of political knavery and arch enemy of popular rights, David Bennett -Hill, are trying to get a foothold again in the party they have just -defeated, are again trying to gain the confidence of the millions whose -liberties they sold, and whose children they are now trying to betray -into perpetual slavery. - -Some may say that it is impossible for these conspirators ever again -to get a hold on the Democratic party. Such over-confidence is always -a fatal weakness in war. When we know that the only possible way -for plutocracy to continue to rule our country is by corrupting the -Democratic party and placing its own agents in Democracy's counsels, -and that the united money power of the world, will during the next -four years (aided by the best talent that can be bought by unlimited -funds), attempt to man Democracy's army with plutocracy's hirelings. -Our business is not to lull ourselves into a false belief of security, -but to work by day and watch by night to defeat the enemy. It is not -for us to proudly boast that there is no danger, for there is danger, -GRAVE DANGER, SOLEMN AND AWFUL DANGER, THAT WITH AN UNLIMITED USE OF -MONEY AND THE PURCHASE OF THE BEST POLITICAL GENIUS AND CUNNING OF OUR -COUNTRY BY MONOPOLY, WE MAY AGAIN BE BETRAYED ON THE EVE OF BATTLE. - -When the outcome of our struggle is a world to be gained or lost, -civilization to go forward or be derailed, all that is dear to us, all -that is most sacred in life saved to us or snatched from us, we cannot -be too alert, too eager, or too anxious; cannot prepare or organize -too thoroughly for the primaries that are to decide the leadership and -control of Democracy in the contest of 1900. We should, each of us, -swear in the name of God and man, that all the power and influence we -possess shall be earnestly exerted from now until 1900 in ridding our -party of these parasites who are in it only to destroy it. We should -bitterly oppose the selection of any man for election judge, precinct -captain, ward committeeman, city committeeman, county committeeman, -state committeeman, national committeeman, or any other place of trust -in our party, who is known to be in sympathy with, or friendly to, the -gold standard, or to any one of the giant trusts now helping destroy -our Republic. - -If we would destroy the trusts, we must be led only by known enemies -of the trusts. If we would be victorious in this conflict against -plutocracy, we must follow only leaders whose records prove clearly -that they are absolutely free from entangling alliances with plutocracy. - -Some say we must harmonize all elements. We cannot harmonize the -interests of the man who steals and the man who is stolen from, any -more than we can harmonize fire and water. We only weaken our cause by -trying to get the men against whom we are fighting to join us. - -Some one exclaims we must have the gold Democrats with us, or we are -lost. THERE CAN BE NO SUCH THING AS A GOLD DEMOCRAT. The Democratic -party stands for the abolition of the gold standard and every other -monopoly by means of which scheming monopolies rob the public. A -gold Democrat is as much an impossibility as a round square, white -lamp-black or a red-hot icicle. The plutocrats who left the Democratic -party and enlisted under the banner of Mark Hanna, will never join us -except for the purpose of defeating our plans. They will never work for -the success of the Democratic banner, unless they themselves carry that -banner, and lead us, its followers, into their own traps, wherein we -shall be despoiled. For the vote of every traitor and deserter, gained -by such cowardly attempts at compromise, we shall lose a hundred loyal -votes through sheer despair. - -We do not need the gold bugs. If they are honest in their professed -change of heart, they will vote for honest, fearless candidates as -well as for those of the milk and water brand, or who have no definite -programme except their secret pledges to moneyed constituents. If they -have not experienced a change of heart, we do not want them, for it is -better that they remain open enemies than that they become professed -friends, seeking an opportunity again to betray us. - -We do not object to receiving in the ranks the man who comes back to -the Democratic party and says: "I deserted you, but I wish now to -return to the fold; I was a traitor during the last campaign, but I am -willing to vote with you hereafter." But the manhood, the self-respect, -the enthusiasm of Democracy do object and register a vigorous protest -to permitting these deserters to assume places of responsibility with -power to sell the people out again. - -No one objects to the gold-bugs returning to our fold any more than we -should to the blind regaining their sight or to sinners desiring to -wash away their sins, but we do object to these sinners returning at -the price of giving our party organization over into their hands. - - -A PERTINENT ILLUSTRATION. - -An ominous example of the methods being used to capture Democracy by -the money power was afforded by the lawless militarism brought into -play by the gold bugs at the recent municipal Democratic convention -of St. Louis, when, their fraud being discovered, and legitimately -defeated by the people at the primaries and at the convention, they -appealed to the last resort of despotism everywhere, the force of arms. - -For many years a clique of unscrupulous politicians controlled St. -Louis Democratic conventions. Early in the April campaign, Mr. -Hugh Brady, for many years Chairman of the Democratic City Central -Committee, stated in an interview published in the St. Louis papers -that a clique of "machine" politicians had "fixed the machine" to -nominate Mr. Edwin Harrison for Mayor. The street railway managers, -who last fall knifed Bryan and the Chicago platform, came to the front -as Mr. Harrison's supporters. Mr. C. C. Maffitt, who bolted the party -last fall, headed his delegation, and in several other wards the -Harrison delegations were led by gold boltocrats. The "machine" was for -Harrison, and Hugh Brady declared the "machine" could nominate any man -it wanted. - -The men who supported Mr. Lee Meriwether for Mayor were all aggressive -Bryan Democrats and opposed not only the gold standard, but also -opposed street car domination in city affairs. They appealed from the -"machine" to the people. They pointed out how the leading supporters -of the "machine" candidate were gold boltocrats and street railway -managers, who use their political influence to escape paying hundreds -of thousands of dollars of taxes legally due the City Treasury. They -insisted that franchises to monopolize the public's streets ought to -be sold, not given away, to private corporations. And on this platform -they secured enough delegates to control the convention. - -On the morning following the primary election, even the Republic, -the organ of the "machine," admitted that Mr. Harrison had but 134 -delegates, while the opposition had 153[1]. - - [1] See Republic, March 20, 1897. - -When the delegates opposed to Mr. Harrison united in supporting Mr. -Meriwether, it was apparent that nothing short of fraud and force could -prevent the defeat of the machine. Accordingly, Mr. Ed Devoy, Chairman -of the Central Committee, called the convention to order and hurriedly -announced as its governing officers Messrs. Lutz, Barrett and Wand, the -three campaign managers of the "machine" candidate. - -Scarcely was the announcement made when ex-Governor Norman J. Colman -rose and protested against the attempt to muzzle the convention, and -nominated for chairman Mr. Sterling P. Bond. Upon Devoy's refusing -to put this motion, one of the delegates, R. T. Brownrigg, made the -motion which was duly seconded, and Gov. Colman put the question to -the convention and it was carried by a majority of the delegates. In -a similar way secretaries and sergeants-at-arms were elected, the -convention refusing to accept the slate prepared by the machine. - -After the committees had been appointed and reported, nominations for -Mayor were made, and on the second ballot Lee Meriwether received 155 -votes, eleven more than a majority of all the delegates elected, and he -was accordingly declared the nominee of the Democratic party. - -Thereupon ensued a scene more worthy of Russia than of the American -Republic. Foiled in the attempt to carry the primaries; foiled again in -the effort to force their own tools upon the convention as governing -officers, the gold men and the street railway managers who were present -on the floor of the convention, played their last card in the game to -defeat the candidate pledged to make them pay their taxes, and ordered -their servant, Devoy, to do by force what he had failed to do by fraud. -A Board of Police Commissioners lent themselves to this shameful -assault upon American liberty, and ordered three hundred armed police -to drive from the hall the delegates opposed to Mr. Harrison. Sterling -P. Bond, John J. Fitzwilliam and W. A. Brandenburger, the duly elected -chairman and secretaries of the convention, were brutally assaulted by -the police. Mr. Bond was carted away to jail in a patrol wagon. Mr. -Meriwether, who had been called on to address the convention after his -nomination for Mayor, was thrown from the platform by two policemen, -and, in company with a majority of the delegates, was forcibly expelled -from the hall. - -Since the 9th of November, 1799, when Napoleon's grenadiers drove -the French deputies out of their convention hall at the point of the -bayonet, history affords no parallel to this outrage by the St. Louis -boltocratic politicians. - -That in claiming a convention has no right to elect its own presiding -officers the gold boltocrats were utterly wrong in custom as well -as equity, will be seen by recalling the manner in which last year -the Chicago Convention refused to accept Senator Hill, the National -Democratic Committee's suggestion for chairman, and instead elected -Daniel, a silver Senator from Virginia. - -Although the St. Louis papers subsequently supported Mr. Harrison, -whose nomination was only accomplished by the illegal use of three -hundred police, those same papers did not hesitate to say, the morning -after the convention, that the action of the machine was illegal and -tyrannical:[2] - - [2] Witness the following extracts: - - Police Commissioner Bannerman in Globe-Democrat, March 22, - 1897: - - "The trouble was all started by Ed. Devoy refusing to allow - Bond's name to go before the convention as chairman. The - whole thing was a scheme on his (Devoy's) part to split the - convention. Of course it was wrong to send Judge Bond to the - Four Courts in a patrol wagon." - - Republic editorial, March 21, 1897: - - "Committee Chairman Devoy made a mistake in surrendering the - gave before the delegates had elected a temporary chairman. - A convention holds within itself the right to choose its - temporary officers." - - Post-Dispatch editorial, March 31, 1897: - - "The blundering began with Chairman Devoy. It was his duty to - recognize any delegate who desired to move a substitute for - the committee's report. Devoy failed in his duty and furnished - provocation for all that subsequently occurred." - - Post-Dispatch editorial, March 22, 1897: - - "Dr. Lutz had no right to a place on the platform until he was - chosen temporary chairman by a vote of the convention. He had - no more right than any casual visitor to himself take the vote - of the convention on himself as temporary chairman. The plain - fact is that the whole of these preliminary proceedings were - in every particular irregular, unparliamentary and void." - - Post-Dispatch editorial, March 23, 1897: - - "The delegates who asserted their right to choose their - temporary officers were within their right in doing so, and in - fact only did their duty. THE RIGHT IS SACRED." - - Globe-Democrat, March 23, 1897: - - "The attitude of Assistant Chief Kiely is regarded as - having been strained in the interest of the Harrison crowd - and significant of the Police Commissioners' domination in - Democratic politics." - - -A WARNING FOR THE FUTURE. - -Might never makes right. The candidate whose nomination rests not upon -ballots but upon the clubs and guns of three hundred policemen, cannot -be the rightful nominee of Democracy, which means people's rule, not -police rule. When appeal was made from the outrage of the corrupt -political machine, the Court of Appeals decided that the matter was -beyond its jurisdiction, that no Court has the power to review the -action of the Election Commissioners, even though they certify to the -nomination of a candidate without a shadow of right to such nomination. - -Had the Court consented to examine the evidence and gone into the -merits of the case, it could not but have decided that the rightful -nominee for Mayor was Mr. Meriwether, who had the affidavits of a -majority of the delegates showing that they had supported him in the -convention. - -This high-handed attempt of the gold boltocrats to tyrannize over the -convention resulted in Democracy's defeat. But despite the stinging -rebuke administered by an outraged people, the machine is again -endeavoring to fasten itself upon the Democratic party of St. Louis. - -The same tactics, and even more desperate and lawless ones, will be -used by the gold plutocrats throughout our country. The people must be -prepared to meet them. - -What are the best methods of preparation? It is to give some -suggestions as to methods, and to increase, the vigilance of the -patriotic Democrats and friends of humanity in whose hands it may fall -that this little volume has been written. - - - - -CHAPTER II. - -HOW TO BEGIN WORK. - - -The immediate purpose of the Democratic Volunteers is to organize and -carry on in the most effective way the campaign for 1900. They seek -to build up and foster the Democracy of Jefferson, Jackson, Bryan and -the Chicago platform by seeing, first, that the common people remain -in control of the Democratic party; and, second, that the Democratic -party, representing the common people, gets control of the country -in 1900. It is further hoped that the Volunteers thus organized and -trained, will become a permanent force in the history of our Nation; -a power in the guidance of the forces behind the nation's progress; -a means of uniting the best intelligence of our race with that faith -and deep religious purpose which permeate the common people, and of -expediting the conscious co-operation of individuals with those giant -forces that are slowly but surely destroying the old, and building -up the new civilization. Our plan appeals principally to young men. -Our methods are new, at least to this generation, and as we believe -that the great battle in which we are engaged must be led by the most -vigorous, active and courageous amongst us, we depend principally upon -young men for leadership and work. - -Knowing that our principles are eternal, and that in proclaiming them -we have the support of the great common people of posterity, and of -God, the Volunteers are expected to assume, upon all occasions, an -attitude of absolute confidence. - -We are to utilize every force and every means that perception can -discover or ingenuity devise for the forwarding of our movement. We -are to proceed, not only by usual, but by unusual methods, taking -possession of resources never before thought of in political campaigns -or religious crusades. Our principles are to be declared both in public -and in private, and propagated methodically and persistently in every -existing institution, organization or association of men and women. - -The church is the center of activity for many. This class can be -reached best by having our truths come to them through the channel -by which they usually receive their opinion and ideals, namely, the -church. There are other hundreds of thousands whose lives center about -the liquor saloons. To reach these our speakers must go to the saloons. -In many agricultural communities, it is customary to hold meetings -in school houses, while in good weather, picnics, barbecues and all -day gatherings take place in the woods. To these various customs our -speakers must adapt themselves. In some sections the camp-meeting lasts -for a week or two, in great tents, or in special woodland resorts, -permanently constructed and kept for that purpose. Our Volunteers will -find here opportunities for effective work. - -But for reasons of economy, the greater part of our work will be done -outdoors. Plutocracy can afford to hire a dozen halls where one drawing -speaker can be secured. Our movement has a dozen speakers to every hall -we can afford to hire. We will consider first, therefore, methods of -outdoor speaking. - - -OUTDOOR MEETINGS. - -The easiest, the most economical, the most fruitful of the Volunteer -speaker's work, will consist of unadvertised outdoor meetings. There is -probably not a city, village, or town in America in which a man with -a strong voice, mounting some emergency platform and calling out that -he has something important to say, cannot, in a short time, attract a -considerable crowd. If his message be direct, condensed, sincere and -well delivered, he can hold the crowd in any except the most inclement -weather. Coming as a surprise does not lessen the effect, if the words -are well directed. People who could not be induced to enter a hall to -hear a lecture, people who, if the meeting had been advertised, would -purposely remain away, will stop and listen to an outdoor speaker; they -will be interested, and may even be converted if the truths are well -presented. - -Of course, many passersby will listen only for a few minutes and -proceed on their way. An outdoor crowd is always a changing one, but -this merely necessitates a special outdoor method of treatment. -Indoors, an address is expected to be continuous; one point must lead -up to another; a line of thought must be followed so as to produce -interest cumulative to the end. Outdoor speaking, on the other hand, -must be made up of short, concise points, each complete in itself, so -that no person can listen for a single minute without getting something -to carry away with him. Anecdotes should be freely interspersed, but in -condensed form. - -As the audience is compelled to stand, often on damp ground, and -in chilly or excessively hot weather, it is necessary that outdoor -speaking should never, under any circumstances, take upon itself the -qualities of a pedagogical lecture. On the other hand, it must be made -up of illustrations, word pictures, and pungent assertion of those -fundamental truths known to be most essential. - - -HOW TO ARRANGE SUCH MEETINGS. - -The speaker arrives in a strange town, having entered afoot, by horse, -or by rail. If he have friends in the town, his work will, of course, -be less difficult, and it will be comparatively easy to procure a -horse and carriage (or a wagon). - -The vehicle secured, let him drive to the principal street, stop at -the corner selected as the meeting-place, and, standing on the seat, -let him announce (his voice pitched high, but not strained, dwelling -for at least two seconds upon each word) that a meeting will be held -in a few minutes at which "the people will be told how our country can -be freed from the curse of Hannaism and monopoly" (or some similar -striking expression). Then proceeding to the next corner let him repeat -the announcement, and so over the village, or, if it be a city, over as -large a section as he can conveniently cover. By making a dozen or more -of these announcements he can always gather about him the nucleus of an -audience. - -If unable to secure a vehicle he may go afoot, carrying a chair to -serve him as a speaker's platform. As efficient work can be done in -this way as in any other. - -In addressing the five or the fifty men, women and boys who compose -this audience, it is requisite that he should begin in the same high -key and the same deliberate manner and tone in which he made his -announcements, addressing himself not to the few in front of him, -but to the listeners in front of their stores half a block away. -After speaking thus for five minutes, more or less, and arousing the -enthusiasm and interest of distant listeners, he should suddenly turn -his eyes and attention from all who are more than fifty feet away, and -proceed in his natural tone of voice. Very often persons standing in -front of stores and shops, lining the streets for two or three squares, -when the speaker changes and lowers his tone and directs his remarks -to his immediate audience, will come near to hear, if possible, the -completion of some interesting point. - -In large cities where there is much noise from street cars and wagons, -this work is more laborious, and from start to finish the speech will -require all the energy the speaker possesses to keep his crowd together -and to increase its number. But in smaller places, or in quieter -neighborhoods of large places, after the first announcements, outdoor -speaking can be reduced to a very moderate exercise. The average man, -after a month's practice, can speak outdoors two or three hours a day, -divided into three or four speeches, without any great fatigue, and -keep it up the year round, resting only upon days so rainy, stormy or -bitter cold, that men will not, for any inducement, stand outdoors. - - -PRE-ARRANGED APPLAUSE ONE-HALF OF ORATORY. - -If friends can secure the free service of a drum corps, a brass band, -or a quartette of singers, to help draw the people together, the -speaker's work will, of course, be greatly lessened, and much will -be done toward saving the voice and energies otherwise necessarily -expended in attracting an audience. He will thus be enabled to -concentrate all his powers, convincing and teaching his hearers. - -But in the absence of drums or music, there is nothing so helpful -to the speaker in getting a crowd and in holding it after it has -congregated, than a little skilfully pre-arranged applause. If several -men, helped by a dozen boys, take their places around the speaker, -and from the start take off their hats and cheer lustily about every -three sentences, not only does the noise attract attention and draw -listeners, but it impresses deeply those who are present, so that -each word of the speaker has its effectiveness multiplied. A few men, -starting off in this way (if the speaker is bright and forcible), will -be joined by half the audience, and, in outdoor speaking, generous -applause doubles the effect of oratory. It not only adds weight to the -speech, but it strengthens and cheers the speaker, stimulating him to -his highest efficiency. It infuses new blood into his veins and new -breath into his lungs. It quickens his heart beats and helps clear his -voice. It at once establishes a rapport between the talker and the -talked-to, and converts what might otherwise be a number of isolated -units into a sort of organism, the vital principle of which is one -central enthusiasm voiced by the speaker. - -To convince the friends of the movement of the necessity for loud -cheering from the start by pre-arranged, conscious effort, is often -quite difficult, although it is important. Much tact and skill are -required to select a dozen young men before the meeting, and train them -in a few minutes so that they will follow the cue of the man who is to -lead the applause and cheer when he gives the word. - -A very important point, where young boys are concerned, is to stop -their cheering when the leader stops. Unless you have a confederate -of tact and personality there is danger that the boys, once started -yelling, will enjoy it so hugely that they will keep it up in a -disorderly way, and injure the meeting much more than they help it. -But properly drilled, a dozen young boys are worth almost as much as a -drum corps. Under proper leadership, they will stop instantly at the -pre-arranged signal, and enjoy the military precision. Ten minutes -training by an experienced man will suffice to complete their education -in this regard. - - -REPETITION NECESSARY. - -The outdoor campaigner should never fear repetition. The average -outdoor listener is not averse to hearing something that he has heard -before, but is averse to anything dull, statistical or requiring -laborious mental effort. In fact, from the standpoint of economy, three -or five addresses made on the same street corner for three or five -successive days, will accomplish much more for the cause than the same -number of addresses delivered each one in a different town or locality. -The apostle of the New Democracy, traveling from place to place, should -stop at least two or three days in each village, even if he has only -one speech and must repeat it over with variations each time. If he is -resourceful and has a few anecdotes and illustrations for each day, it -will pay him to stay a week in each town, as it takes two or three days -for new hearers to become familiar with his objects, aims and attitude -of thought. The writer has often found that more real, direct converts -are made to the people's cause on the sixth or seventh day in a town, -than during all of the previous days combined. - -Thought is like seed. Whatever be the soil, like all vegetable life, -it must undergo three stages, planting, developing and fruit bearing. -With the majority each stage of development requires a season; one -speaker sows, another waters, and another gathers the ripe fruit. But a -brain adjacent to an empty stomach, idle arms or a bankrupt business, -offers a more fertile soil for new ideas, and there are some such minds -in every town wherein all these processes can be carried on under the -tutelage of one man; some such persons in despair at the beginning of -the week, who can, by the close of the week, be brought to the light, -their gloom dispelled, and a nobler civilization ever after clearly -pictured before their eyes, the object of their life's endeavor. There -are many persons who, by one series of meetings, are actually converted -from ignorant participants in existing injustice to active workers for -the true state yet to be. The whole tenor and ideals of their lives are -transformed by knowledge vitalized by faith. - -When a week's meetings are contemplated in country towns, experience -suggests that the best time to start is on Monday and that the meetings -all week should lead up to one or two grand demonstrations on Sunday, -when the largest crowd of the week can be gotten together, and when, -by the aid of a Scripture lesson, a prayer and a couple of patriotic -songs, the enthusiasm can be carried highest.[3] - - [3] Special suggestions for Sunday work see chapter IX. - - -LITERATURE THE BASIS OF THE MOVEMENT. - -No outdoor meeting can fill its mission nor make use of half its -opportunities, without the sale of literature, which enlarges and -completes the points touched on by the speaker. The object of an -outdoor speech is to interest, to stir the emotions of men, dispel -their lethargy and despair, plant in them hope and faith, and prepare -them to think out, read out and study out the great National problem. -The attention of men, that is, the real, serious concentration of their -minds upon great things, is so rare that when you once have it the -opportunity should be utilized fully. Those who are interested by the -outdoor speech should be urged to develop that interest into knowledge, -conviction and action. This can only be done by inducing them to read -some book or pamphlet, explaining in detail the points suggested by you -and backing up your assertions by careful arguments. Ten pamphlets, or -books, sold at a meeting where men's hearts have been opened and their -prejudices melted by enthusiasm, are worth more to the cause than ten -thousand books and circulars distributed from door to door. The sale -of ten small ten-cent pamphlets at a meeting is at least half the value -of the meeting. In this movement one chicken raised is worth more than -a whole brood hatched; one fighting rooster is worth three dozen eggs. -One campaigner, armed with facts and possessing contagious faith in our -creed, necessarily becomes a permanent, creative force in the community -in which he lives. - -Literature is one element in the production of such centers of power, -not literature scattered wildly, but literature placed carefully in -the hands of those who have been prepared by the personal appeal of -a sincere advocate to see and understand the points enunciated. So -bountiful has free literature become and so ocean-like is the flood -upon political subjects, that it is difficult to get men to open a -pamphlet on political or social subjects when distributed to them in -their normal condition. But first arouse them by a stirring address, -and they will willingly study what otherwise they could not be induced -to consider even superficially. - -Not only should the speaker try to sell as many books and pamphlets as -possible at the meetings, but he should try to leave in every community -or section of a great city covered by him, some worker who will get a -stock of such literature and continue its sale until another impulse is -given the movement by the visit of another Volunteer. - - -ADVERTISED OUTDOOR MEETINGS. - -Very often a little coterie of enthusiasts will think that with the -aid of a few handbills they can get a great crowd of their stupefied, -over-worked and discouraged fellow beings to give up their other -engagements and walk to some out-of-the-way place or corner of the town -to listen to their speaker. Our friendly promoters do not know that -to the eye of the multitude the bills suggest only an uninteresting -harangue or the visionary proclamations of a dreamer that in no way -concern them. The result is that very often instead of a thousand -greeting the speaker, all eager for information and ready for a change -of heart, as anticipated, there are a dozen or so already familiar -with his teachings and sharing his opinion on all important subjects -and half as many idle curiosity seekers without influence in the -community. The speaker is discouraged and the ardent reformers are -chilled to the bone and despairingly admit to each other that the -citizens of their particular community are more perverse and hardened -against new ideas and reforms than the residents of any other locality -under the sun. - -If, instead of the preparation for an out-of-the-way meeting and the -laborious provision of seats for people who never came, a few circulars -announcing the meeting and containing two or three gems of thought had -been distributed and the speaker had mounted a wagon or box in the -center of town as heretofore suggested, the meeting would probably have -been a success. - -Except on occasions of great excitement, when men are drawn together -by some celebrated orator, or on holidays, when they expect, under any -circumstances, to leave their homes and work and betake themselves with -their families to the woods and fields, it is important to hold outdoor -meetings where an audience can be gathered largely from passersby. - - -THE NEWSPAPER. - -A speaker talks to one hundred, one thousand or more hearers, but -by proper co-operation on the part of the press his words are often -carried to tens of thousands more. Where the press is not absolutely -united for the purpose of maliciously misrepresenting or suppressing -the speaker's words, at least half of his work consists in the silent -appeal to auditors he never sees, those who read his words as reported -in the papers. A few suggestions may, in this connection, be found of -value. - -First, have printed, typewritten, or copied by hand, all the -essential points of your speech, ready to be handed to the newspaper -representative. Properly prepared manuscript, written on one side of -the paper only, will often be published in full. It may be thrown into -the waste basket. But any paper will publish more of a man's speech, if -he has neatly prepared his manuscript beforehand than otherwise. - -Next, get personally acquainted with each editor, entering into a -pleasant conversation with him and trying to make him your personal -friend. By this means a Volunteer can often use the press of the -opposite party to propagate his views. The original purpose of a -newspaper was to give news, and very often, even in these degenerate -days, the instinct of a newspaper man to give news, if encouraged and -stimulated a little, will become strong enough temporarily to overcome -his prejudice, and possibly overcome his appreciation of the plate -matter supplied by Mr. Hanna's agents free of charge. He may even give -a column or a half-column, describing the meeting of the New Democracy, -quoting freely the words of the speaker. - -In dealing with Democratic, Populist and other friendly papers, there -is a secondary opportunity for useful work. It is to show the editors -how they can force the plate matter and ready-print establishments -to furnish news concerning the Democratic Volunteers to all their -customers, by simply demanding information on that subject. Even -request the editor to write a letter, telling of the intense interest -of his constituents in the Volunteers, and urging that his ready-print -matter contain something weekly from the Volunteer's National office. -A sufficient number of such letters cannot fail to have the desired -effect. Let every Volunteer aim to secure the co-operation of a few -editors, and the work is done. The ready-print establishments that -remain stubborn should lose their patronage. - - - - -CHAPTER III. - -SPEECHES AND MEETINGS. - - -The Volunteers are organized, not to do the easy things that have been -done in the past and are now being very satisfactorily done by others, -but rather to do what others have left, and are leaving, undone. In -communities where the New Democracy is strong and the people are -already in the habit of gathering periodically and during political -campaigns nightly, it requires no organization of Volunteers to -provide men to instruct and amuse them to their entire satisfaction. -Our work is to do what others have not done and cannot do; to gather -crowds where others have failed; to create interest where there is -no interest; to make friends where we have no friends, and, WHERE WE -ARE ALREADY STRONG AND DOMINANT IN A COMMUNITY, TO TEACH OUR FRIENDS -AND BROTHERS TO SO SYSTEMATIZE THEIR EFFORTS AND ENTHUSIASM AS TO -BE MOST USEFUL IN EDUCATING AND GAINING THE SUPPORT OF LESS ADVANCED -COMMUNITIES ELSEWHERE. - -In arranging indoor meetings, it is essential, in order that our work -may be fruitful, to get out other than what is known as "the same old -crowd." There are a few people of both parties in every community who -are always interested in politics, and who attend nearly all party -meetings. On such, ammunition is largely wasted. A speaker should never -be satisfied to address a small crowd, the majority of whom are already -in accord with his principles. His object should be to bring in new -men, to get in fresh blood. The motto of each of us should be, "I came -not to bring the righteous, but sinners, to repentance." - -To secure the attendance of the non-political class, it is, therefore, -expedient, in addition to the regular speeches, to provide some form -of entertainment, such as vocal and instrumental music, a dramatic -rendition, or a children's performance. - -When an audience is assembled particularly to enjoy the entertainment -and incidentally from curiosity to see and hear the strange speaker, -it is well for the speech to be built from materials furnished by -the local performers. If children have participated, there is no -happier way to begin than by telling how enjoyable were their songs -and recitations, how thrilling the thoughts born of their happy faces -and hearts throbbing with youthful hopes. The speaker might tell -how, looking into their bright eyes, his thoughts turned toward the -future, where he saw the obstacles against which these children will -have to contend, the difficulties they will meet in getting started -in life, the unfair advantages over them possessed by the children of -special privilege. By taking the children who participate as a text and -riveting the attention of the audience upon them instead of considering -the rights of men in general, he can gain at once, not only the -attention, but the sympathy and the very hearts of those who listen. - -If the entertainment is a musical one, the speaker might begin by -describing the state of mind produced by the sweet harmonies just -listened to. By recalling the difference between the discord produced -by ten men tuning their musical instruments and the harmony resulting -when they play the same instruments together, he has an illustration -applicable in several ways: suggesting the harmony and orderliness -of the state that we are fighting for, the economy of concert in our -political methods, and numerous other points, which, if given in a -conversational way, will arrest the attention of even the women and the -children. Let him then proceed with simple axiomatic truths that can be -grasped by every hearer, abundantly illustrated, and the crowd will be -induced to attend future meetings. - -There are a thousand cues given and illustrations suggested by -a preliminary entertainment that can be made the gateway to the -sympathies, affections and intelligence of those who listen. Convince -the audience that the questions treated are neither abstract nor -incomprehensible, but simple and tangible, and concern their personal -welfare and the future of their families, and self-interest will impel -them to listen to specific arguments backed by facts and figures. - -The Volunteer who aspires to attract vast audiences and transplant -the hopes and thoughts that flourish in his own mind to the fertile -soil of other minds, must first learn that the passion to instruct, -though a noble instinct, must be curbed ruthlessly, else instead of an -orator the "would-be" will find himself a bore. The passion to impart -knowledge, like the other human passions, when given free rein to -exercise itself unrestrained, defeats its own ends and at last destroys -itself. - -How many old speakers we know who long ago looked forward, as hundreds -of young men now look forward, to becoming orators, with power to sway -the multitudes, to guide and lead them to higher things. But instead of -orators we call them fossils. Instead of attracting they repel. They -begin whenever permitted and never stop until so commanded. They are -brought out and used in emergencies when no one else can be obtained, -but never otherwise. They are common hacks. Why is this? Not always -because such men do not possess ability. Some of them have followed the -world's greatest thinkers throughout their intricate reasonings and -profound solutions of life's most serious problems. But at the very -start they conceived wrong notions concerning the function of a public -speaker, an erroneous impression as to the utility and object of a -speech or popular address. - -We have often noticed that superior minds are overlooked on popular -occasions and some man with less capacity and knowledge, far less -endowed with mental treasures, is called upon to do the honors of -the occasion. Why? Because he has the faculty of addressing himself -directly to the listeners and of adapting himself to their frame of -mind. - - -TEN COMMANDMENTS. - -To those who would become speakers and avoid the mistakes that cause -the majority of failures, the following rules will be found valuable: - -1. Do not try to tell all you know at any one time. - -2. Do not try to appear deep, learned or poetical. - -3. Do not try to prove every statement you make. - -4. Use statistics sparingly. - -5. Address yourself, not to the kind of men and women you would have -made had you been the Creator, but to the actual men and women who have -been created, who fill your halls and make up your audiences. - -6. Make your talk personal and apply every point to the wants, woes and -sentiments of your listeners. - -7. Never regret the half hour or the hour occupied by the music, -recitations, drama, or other entertainment preceding your speech. - -8. Do not manifest impatience at the time consumed in short talks by -local speakers. - -9. Remember that generally all the good that it is possible for you to -accomplish if your audience by preliminary exercises is brought into -rapport and sympathy with you, can be accomplished in half an hour. -If you can get the complete attention of your audience for half an -hour, they will have sufficient matter to fully occupy their thoughts -the rest of the day and night, and not only this, if your talk is -interesting and they go away hungry instead of satiated, they will -gladly attend the next meeting. - -10. Be satisfied if you interest your hearers and be not greedy -to instruct. For those really interested by oratory will instruct -themselves by means of literature which is the only source of real -instruction. Oratory should win sentiment and stir interest; literature -performs the work of education. The speech fulfils its mission if it -persuades men to read aright. - - -ENTERTAINMENT. - -A meeting that is half entertainment or if illustrations, anecdotes -and stories be included under the head of entertainment, a meeting -that is nine-tenths entertainment and one-tenth direct statement -of fact and reasoning therefrom, is of far more value than a three -hours' bombardment with facts, figures, arguments and the soundest -reasoning, directed by a master. The average human mind, as God made -it and as our present unsocial life has unmade it, will become wearied -by such an effort and leave the meeting with the firm resolve not to -attend another. Such meetings cannot be held often and do not win the -sympathies and co-operation of men nearly so much as a meeting planned -and arranged on the basis of adaptation to the capacities of the -average listener and his multiform emotions and mental wants. This is -the secret of the success of the popular churches. They do not try to -teach the people too much. They do not strain that organ, very weak in -the average human mind, known as the logical faculty. - -Far more progress can be made in any community by instituting a -successful series of meetings, wherein serious reasoning occupies a -minor portion of the time, the rest filled in by entertainment, than -can be gained by meetings that furnish a perfect mine of wealth in the -way of food for thought and intellectual feasting for the few who have -the power to appreciate such things.[4] - - [4] Of course the most effective methods of presenting our - cause can only be hinted at in a text-book. A month or several - months of personal training is requisite to give the student - a real understanding of the difference between the old method - and the new. It is, therefore, urged that as many of the - younger speakers as possible attend and take direct, personal - instruction from the Faculty of the Volunteers' School in St. - Louis. - - -LIFE IS SHORT. - -The length of the man's speech should be measured, not by his own -physical endurance nor the time that his breath lasts, not by the -amount that he has to say nor even by the capacity of his audience -to listen or to remain in the room, but in every case it should be -measured by the capacity of his hearers to enjoy. - -Most political meetings are too long. Very often two or three speakers -are engaged, each harboring the erroneous opinion that duty requires -him to talk an hour. Now, any speaker who cannot say something good, -useful and inspiring in fifteen minutes, is incapable of saying -anything good, useful or inspiring at all. - -Except in times of great excitement or in out-of-the-way country -districts where meetings are few and the hearers, like savages in a -forest, must gorge themselves when they have a chance, the speaking -should never, on any occasion, last more than an hour and a half. - -Where there are three speakers, not only should each be limited to -half an hour but the chair should be filled by a man with pluck and -personality sufficiently great to tap the speaker on the shoulder when -his time is up. - -I have seen more hoggishness displayed at political meetings than ever -at a dinner table. The man who sits down at a table and eats everything -in sight before his friends arrive, is a gentleman compared with the -fellow who occupies the time of his colleagues at a public meeting; -because, if by one man's greed all the food on the table is eaten, -other food can be obtained, but when some oratorical hog monopolizes -the opportunity of his fellow-speakers, he takes from his colleagues -what can never be replaced. - -Our volunteers will accomplish a great work for humanity indeed if one -of their number succeeds in inventing a method to stiffen the backbones -of presiding officers sufficiently to enable them to sit down on that -species of "bore" who push themselves to the front, ask to speak first -by pledging to quit at a specified time and then talk on until the -audience begins to disperse. Few people appreciate the great loss -caused to a party or movement by the vacillating weakness of presiding -officers and the greedy instincts of men who like to be heard and, in -order to satisfy this instinct, "hog everything in sight." - -One mission of the volunteer speaker is to teach etiquette to the -political speakers of our own party and when "Ex-Governor So-and-So" -and "Prosecuting Attorney Other-man" and "Judge Dry-Bones" and -"Ex-Judge Old Fogy" and "The Honorables" and "The Colonels" and "The -Generals" and the bulldozing youthful speakers assume to occupy time -not intended for them, to take the chairman by the arm and stand by his -side until he redeems the pledge made before the meeting and stops the -mouth of the insolent fellow who has not sense enough to regard the -rights of his fellow-workers. - - -AN OUNCE OF PREVENTION. - -If a prominent man, known to be long-winded and lacking in this one -requisite of a gentleman, is present and it is uncertain that the -presiding officer has the courage necessary to call him down at the -right time, our voluble celebrity should be told that the position of -honor being the last on the program, it has been POSITIVELY given to -him. Thus the other speakers will have a chance to plant a few ideas -in the minds of their auditors before they are hopelessly wearied. -Although the last speaker may injure the general effect of the -meeting by his prolonged and drawn-out harangue, the self-assertive -and independent ones among the listeners can, at least, leave the room -when they get fatigued, without missing the opportunity of listening to -those whom they came to hear. This point is purposely emphasized, and -strong language not inadvertently used. - -Where more than one speaker participates, there is nothing more -essential for a successful meeting than that each speaker be limited in -time by a pre-arranged plan, and that each be forced by the presiding -officer strictly to observe that limit. - - -MORE THAN TWO MILLION MEMBERS. - -The success of the Christian Endeavor movement in the Protestant -churches is due almost solely to their method. The Christian Endeavor -Societies have no new message to the world; they advocate no reforms; -they do not add anything to the teaching of the church; do not even -take it back to any of those sublime truths of the past largely ignored -and forgotten by the modern church. But there is one simple reform in -the method of carrying on religious meetings to which the Christian -Endeavor Societies owe their success, and by means of which alone they -have gained more than two million members in little more than a decade. -This great and valuable secret is their system of two or three minute -addresses, and their requiring participation in the meeting by every -member. - -Some of us are familiar with the old time Protestant prayer-meetings, -composed of five or six old men, from ten to thirty middle-aged and old -women, with a scattering boy or girl forced to attend by parents. The -prayers were long. The talks were dry. The presence of a young man or -woman was always a surprise. - -The Christian Endeavor Society with the same theology, the same -message, the same hymns, not even having a new impulse, a new moral -ideal, or a new hope for the betterment of the world, but merely by -requiring each member to say a few words and requiring that they say -no more than a few words, has succeeded in joining together over two -million young people into a prayer meeting society. Young people and -prayer meetings! Always before suspicious of each other! Presto -change! Two million young people organize in fifteen years to attend -prayer meeting. The explanation of this miracle is ENFORCED BREVITY. - -Short speeches, the extinction of bores, and the participation in each -meeting in some way by every listener are so far as method goes the -essentials for a great popular movement. - -Good manners that have been taught to most of the world as regards -eating and drinking have begun to be introduced into the world of -meetings, religious and political, and when we see a feature, a little -reform of this kind, building up in a few years one of the largest and -most formidable religious organizations in the way of numbers that the -world has ever seen, the organizers and workers of the new Democracy -should profit thereby and at least learn the lesson, "Don't bore the -people." It were better that the long-winded talker were a Republican -or that he were thrown into the sea than that he should be allowed to -destroy our meetings by his prolonged and learned discourses. Flee from -the long-winded man, or else turn on him and make him sit down when -his time is up. Or do with him as you do with the man who displays -swinish proclivities when you invite him to dinner, DON'T INVITE HIM -AGAIN. - - -THE BUREAU OF VOLUNTEER SPEAKERS. - -A community feels that it needs to be awakened, and desires to arrange -a series of meetings.[5] How can suitable speakers be had? So often -a mistake is made. A speaker goes off on a tangent; he carries his -hearers into a labyrinth of statistics and details, from which he -cannot extricate them; he makes one "break" that alienates more votes -than his whole speech wins, or in other ways proves himself incapable -of accomplishing good for the community that he visits. - - [5] Advertising methods: Tickets afford the best method of - advertising meetings of all kinds. It is a personal, definite - invitation, and the surest "crowd-gatherer." In large cities - it may be necessary to issue from fifty thousand to one - hundred thousand, and have them carefully distributed, in - order to get out two thousand persons. In smaller places the - percentage of waste is not so great. Get the co-operation of - the press, if possible, but do not rely upon it. To the last - moment there is always danger of its deserting to the money - power, as the latter can bring almost irresistible pressure to - bear upon it. Print on every ticket a short list of the best - books, i. e., Lloyd's "Wealth against Commonwealth," Ely's - "Socialism and Social Reform," "Ten Men of Money Island," - "Coin's Financial School," etc. - -Heretofore such a man, by bulldozing prominent politicians into giving -him letters of recommendation, might impose himself on one community -after another, and continue for years to injure the party. By proper -co-operation of the party with the Bureau of Volunteers Speakers, this -evil, in a large measure, can be avoided, because this Bureau does not -send a man to speak until it is thoroughly acquainted, not only with -his character, but his capacities and judgment, and knows his method -of argument and what he is to advocate. When young and comparatively -inexperienced speakers are sent out, it is known beforehand what is to -be said, as their speeches are prepared and rehearsed in advance. They -must know what they have to say, and not trust to inspiration, which -often results in perspiration for the speaker, and exasperation for the -hearers. - -Every speaker sent out will present the great fundamental truths of our -movement and not waste time in arguing details, which only supplies our -enemies with new weapons to use against us. His speech beforehand has -been pruned and criticised; the dead branches lopped off; the twigs and -vines cleared from the trunk of the tree, and he is prepared to do only -such work as will make converts and deepen the convictions of those -already with us. - -There exists no other Bureau or Headquarters in America, through which -Democratic organizations can obtain at all times the best talent, and -never fail to get a man who will strengthen their local organization. - -Again, when meetings are held regularly in a town and a work of -systematic education is carried on, it often happens that one speaker -following another repeats over again the same statistics, the same -arguments and even the same stories heard before, thereby tiring the -audience. But when a community is supplied regularly by the National -Bureau, each speaker takes up a different phase of the great problem, -recapitulating only the few fundamental truths on which our movement -rests. Each presents also something new, bright and spicy of his -own. By this arrangement every community can enjoy the benefits of a -succession of good speakers every month or week during the whole four -years, and escape the persecution of those unteachable bores, who think -themselves speakers. The crowds at these regular periodical meetings -will increase, because each time they will hear something just as good -as the last time, with added special features, the result of individual -genius. - -At present, when a speaker is wanted, anybody is invited who happens to -be available, his abilities being measured by his own recommendation, -or by letters bulldozed from prominent men, who, for reasons of -political prudence dared not offend so energetic a fellow. A community -in this way may secure a good speech occasionally, but often the -speaker is a positive injury to the cause. One poor speech in a series -does more to lessen the general interest and reduce the size of the -crowds thereafter, than can be overcome by half a dozen good speeches. - -Of course, where the local Democracy can secure the services of some -one of our national leaders, no bureau mediation is needed, but our -national leaders are few and the work before us limitless, therefore -the service of the Volunteers' Bureau in training, equipping and -guaranteeing a large number of new speakers who can be secured at any -time, by any community, at a moderate expense, is meeting with hearty -response by Democratic clubs generally. - -The best way to make a strong club anywhere is to institute a series of -meetings, all the year round, and, by having at least one able speaker -each time, never to disappoint the audience. - -Let each town and village establish a lecture course at once, and place -itself in communication with the Volunteers' Bureau. The more numerous -and closer together such villages and towns are, the smaller will be -the expense to each community and the easier will it be to make up -regular circuits for speakers. - - -THE CO-OPERATION OF CONSTITUENTS NECESSARY. - -Although every speaker sent out is guaranteed to do effective work, -the leaders of each community are urgently requested to report to -headquarters at once, the success or short-comings of each speaker -and meeting. Without such co-operation, the Bureau cannot keep that -oversight of its hundreds of speakers necessary to raise the standard -of work to the highest efficiency. It is assuredly the duty of local -workers to give straight-forward reports to headquarters, of the -short-comings and "breaks" on the part of the representatives of our -Bureau, who represent our party and for whom our party is responsible -as well as to report the benefits resulting from each meeting. The -fact should also be emphasized that each representative of the Bureau -receives a letter of recognition and instruction once a month from -headquarters, and his standing with the Bureau should be judged solely -by such letters or by direct correspondence. We must be able, when any -speaker fails on his part to fulfill our requirements, to cease our -connection with, and our responsibility for him. - - - - -CHAPTER IV. - -METHODS OF TRAVEL. - - -For those very respectable speakers of the old school who go to a town -only when sent for and speak only at meetings properly advertised and -pre-arranged, who are blessed with a goodly supply of that eminently -obstructive article, the chief burden on every popular movement, -commonly called dignity, there is no advice needed as to methods of -travel. For such well regulated exponents of bimetallism and reform -about the only advice that can be given is "be sure that your car fare -is sent to you before boarding the train." - -But to another class of speakers, those who make up the rank and file -of Democracy's Volunteers, those whose purpose and power of will are -such that no obstacles, no stumbling blocks, no hardships can embitter -or delay, those in whom the fire of enthusiasm for humanity has burned -up their dignity and who in starting out do not ask whether they have -means to go respectably and comfortably and quickly or not, but one -question presents itself, namely, "Can I get to my destination in time -to deliver my message?" The methods used by such will be various. - -When we have the money to buy railway tickets and when cars go at the -proper hour, we will travel by rail. Otherwise we will drive when we -can conveniently secure a horse and vehicle, or we will gladly mount -the saddle or a wheel. But when car tickets, carriages, saddle horses -and bicycles are alike impossible, the man fighting for principle will -rise superior to his dignity and dependence upon small comforts and -taking a bundle of literature and a small bag will, before starting, -ask himself only, "Are my shoes good?" - - -EXPERIENCE FAVORS TRAVELING TWO BY TWO. - -The early Christian disciples went out preaching the gospel by twos. -Throughout history and in the experience of those living, it has -been found that the will and intensity of purpose of the average man -is better preserved and that he more easily overcomes obstacles, -troubles and disappointments if in traveling among strangers he has -companionship. Therefore although, at times the Volunteers may travel -as individuals, lonely and homesick, still, wherever it is practicable, -we advise our speakers to travel by twos. It is much easier to walk -five, ten, twenty, or even forty miles in a day, from one town to -another with a companion. Not only is loneliness overcome, but two -speaker and workers have more than twice the influence upon a community -that either would exert separately. Besides it is safer, and, in case -of sickness or accident, there is some one to go for help or to "tell -the story." - - -AFTER ENROLLING. - -Two young Volunteers start out for a month's campaign in the cause of -American liberty. We have no money, the extent of our capital being -a bundle of Democratic literature, an appointment from the Bureau of -Volunteer Speakers and a good pair of shoes each. We start at seven -o'clock in the morning from town "A." It is twenty miles to "B" where -we wish to speak at night. We walk six miles by nine o'clock and are -then overtaken by a farm wagon in which we are allowed to ride eight -miles, when it leaves our road. We give the driver a pamphlet, thanks -and a blessing and we part. It is now eleven o'clock and we walk six -miles further when at one o'clock we reach our destination. - -In ten minutes we have found a friendly Democrat who, after looking at -our letters, shakes our hands, takes us to his house and provides food. -After resting a couple of hours after dinner, we make an outdoor talk -as suggested in Chapter three, and announce a night meeting. - -If those who profess the name Democracy in this village are -overburdened with sham dignity and devotion to what is old and -inefficient and refuse to recognize or aid the appointed speakers -of the people's cause, we must be ready to rely on other resources. -Our afternoon collection may amount to ten cents or it may reach -fifty cents or a dollar. The crowd may, however, refuse to contribute -anything. We may sell literature sufficient to supply our wants, or the -gold standard and the trusts may have caused such a scarcity of cash -that we cannot sell anything. We may be compelled to get our supper and -maybe breakfast by trading a pamphlet to a grocer for crackers and -cheese. After speaking in the afternoon and evening if we should meet -with no success or recognition, expediency would suggest that we shake -the dust from the soles of our feet and proceed on our journey toward a -more friendly community, while the oppressor prepares the way for the -work of education later. - -In some places friends will supply car tickets; in others they will -procure a carriage or wagon and deliver us to the next town. From -other villages or towns we may have to proceed as we started and as -the apostles used to travel, walking along the dusty road, the frozen -ground or through mud or snow. This method of travel is not only now -practiced by many of our speakers, but can and will become the method -of thousands more. It is a thoroughly practicable and sensible method -of teaching truth against great odds and adds to the force of the -speakers' message by proving him sincere. - -That this plan of campaigning is altogether feasible the writer can -personally attest from actual experience. Years ago, as a mere boy, I -became intensely interested in the principles of the New Democracy and -starting without money, without friends or any organized assistance, -impelled merely by enthusiasm for humanity and hatred of that tyranny -through which my race and family had suffered, I traversed in this way -every county in the State of Kansas, circulating thousands of pamphlets -in which were pointed out the way to a nobler civilization. While still -a boy I also walked or rode with friends through Missouri, Illinois, -Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York. I was often interfered with -by persons disposed to disagree, but at every village and town and city -through which I passed, I stood up in the open street in a carriage, on -a dry-goods box or a chair and proclaimed my faith that the poor people -need not suffer as they do if they would but unite in behalf of their -own interests and use the ballot against oppression and tyranny. - -Very often I was without money, and I then discovered that my early -study of hygiene could be turned to good account. I found that the -great capitalists, aided by Edward Atkinson and the soup house -reformers, in trying to devise a diet for the poor that might enable -them to work for less wages, though failing in this, had at least given -me a pointer. I found that their bill of fare lacked but one ingredient -to make it very endurable, and that was enthusiasm and youthful hope -and fire. I added this ingredient and was independent of the world. - - -HYGIENE AS A WAR MEASURE. - -Those Volunteers who intend not only to try to speak for the cause -during the next four years, but have determined to fight for the -continuation of our Republic in spite of all obstacles, should learn -how independent the body really can be of what are usually termed the -necessaries of life. - -As an invalid child I attended a course of lectures delivered by one -Dr. O'Leary. This distinguished gentleman, with the theatre stage, -which he used as his platform covered over with polished skeletons, -manikins, human heads in chloroform and colored pictures of the various -parts of the human frame, impressed my young mind deeply. At that time, -I remember I had been "given up" by my parents and the doctor, as a -child who could not possibly be raised. I was accustomed to thoughts -of death and for years constantly expected a visit from the dreaded -monster. No memory is more distinctly engraven on my mind than the -nights when, with eager eyes fastened on this wonderful man and his -mysterious skulls and manikins, my heart throbbing, my face aglow, I -listened in rapt attention, that possibly I might catch some secret -that would help me defeat death and add strength to my frail body -sufficient to do battle with life's hardships. - -After describing a boy who died at about my own age because his nervous -system had been deprived of the proper life-giving elements which had -been taken from his food by modern processes, the Professor took up -a handful of wheat letting it fall repeatedly through his fingers, -stating that each grain of wheat contains in it all of the elements -required to sustain human life. He said that civilization, by taking -away the outside, the most nutritious part of the wheat, had struck a -blow at the physical development of our race. He declared that man can -live for years on whole wheat requiring no other article of diet, and -that the outside of the wheat especially, now thrown aside as bran -and fed to the cattle, contains the elements of bone and nerve fibre, -that, while the lady who eats only the choicest white bread, made -of the finest flour, has to substitute gold for parts of her teeth, -the teeth of the cattle that eat the bran are perfect. He gave as an -illustration the march of Caesar and his legions through Gallia, when -Caesar's soldiers often for weeks at a time were without provisions and -were compelled to feed on whole wheat alone which they would snatch -in handfuls from the fields as they marched, thresh in the palms of -their hands and grind with their molars. The crushing of the hard wheat -grain gave the teeth exercise while the crushed bran and surface of the -grain supplied those elements required in the construction of bone and -teeth. "At the present time, nineteen centuries after," so this doctor -said, "there are numerous skulls of these same soldiers of the great -Caesar to be seen in the London Museum and as a result of their wheat -mastication, every tooth is as sound in these skulls, as whole and free -from decay as when heathen Rome was Mistress of the World and Caesar -was King." - - -A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. - -Whether this astounding statement of the learned doctor has any basis -of truth or not I do not know, but that the lesson he sought to impress -by it is true, my own experience can attest. During a period of several -years, with another young enthusiast, I subsisted on a diet of bread -and apples except when these could not be had, when we repaired the -waste of our bodies by eating whole wheat, a bag of which we constantly -carried with us for "emergencies." Often we have subsisted on whole -wheat and clear water alone for several days, and even a week at a -time. During these periods we did not notice that we lost flesh. Of -course we had very little to lose, but our vigor and the intensity of -our enthusiasm and faith in our powers, all of which depend largely -upon the amount of nutriment carried from the stomach to the brain, and -various nerve centers, were not in the least diminished. Later on we -found that when convenient, we could obtain more nourishment from the -wheat with less chewing by having it boiled, but when boiled, we could -not carry with us a week's rations without fatigue, and boiled wheat -will become sour in the summer time while whole dry wheat will keep for -years, and, like feminine beauty, remain ever fresh. It is the most -condensed form of digestible food known to man. - -Of course where men have dissipated and their powers of digestion have -been undermined by intoxicating liquor, tobacco, or the habitual use -of highly spiced and over-prepared foods, any coming down to a natural -diet like this is a severe hardship. But for a young man with firm -faith and good health, NOT TO BE IMPEDED IN HIS DESIRE TO BECOME AN -ESSENTIAL FACTOR IN THE GREATEST MOVEMENT OF HISTORY BY THE MERE FACT -THAT HE HAS NO MONEY WITH WHICH TO PAY CAR FARE AND BUY GOOD FOOD AND -CLOTHES, the suggestions here given will be found helpful. I would -not advise others to do, what I have not done or am not willing to do -myself. The fact is, however, that any young man, in good health, and -formed of the right kind of "dust," can travel, without any money from -one end of the country to the other speaking daily, and accomplish -much for our cause, even if he does not meet more than one true -friend in a thousand miles. But the comforts and vices and follies of -civilization he must be able to do without. - -This austere and ascetic mode of life is not commended for its own -sake. The suggestion is merely thrown out as one possible way of -beginning work, so that no young man in good health can claim that he -would have done wonders for the cause had he not been prohibited by -poverty. No such excuse exists. Healthy single men can live and thrive -if buoyed up by hope and faith and manly purpose, and travel the world -over on a quarter of the wages of a day laborer. - - -NOT CIVIL BUT MILITARY. - -To those persons who may possibly criticise these suggestions as -tending to encourage a lower standing of living, thereby indirectly -aiding in the lowering of wages, I will simply say that I am not giving -suggestions for methods of civil life but only military suggestions to -be acted upon in time of war. The battle is now on. No conflict of the -past ever appealed more strongly to the sublime qualities in human -nature than the present war of the people against the united plutocracy -of all countries. It is therefore appropriate and timely to give any -and all suggestions that may be of value to those bearing the brunt of -the people's battle. - -Can it be urged against the half starved Cuban patriots that because -they have learned how to subsist through months on roots and berries, -and sugar cane their habits are likely to lower the standard of living -in Cuba? In answer the smallest boy would say that the Cubans eat -berries this year in order to eat watermelons next year, that they -chew slippery elm and sheep sorrel to-day in order to have roast beef, -oysters and plum pudding to-morrow. They are now eating the food of -the animals and sleeping in the open fields with the beasts and dying, -as the cattle die, by order of a butcher, that their countrymen and -their children and their children's children hereafter may live as free -men, enjoying the heritage of a free Cuba and all the varied gifts of -civilization. - -Did our forefathers of the Revolutionary War lower the standard -of living and decrease wages or injure the cause of labor or of -trade-unionism, because, in fighting for country they were willing -to go without shoes, staining with blood from their wounded feet the -projecting icy rocks that gashed them as they marched against the -British? Oh, no! Our forefathers went without shoes that we might have -them. They went hungry and cold and gave up their individual comforts -and lives, that we, their descendants and fellow-countrymen, might have -greater comforts, increased liberties and life more abundant. - - -GENERAL MARION. - -When General Francis Marion with his brave soldier boys was lying in -at Snows Island on the Pedee River, North Carolina, preparing to make -another one of his surprising and brilliant raids on the enemy, an -officer from the British post at Georgetown was dispatched to visit -him to treat for an exchange of prisoners. The blooming Britisher was -blindfolded and carried by a circuitous route into camp. The bargain -arranged, he accepted an invitation to dine. The meal was served on -pieces of bark and consisted entirely of roasted potatoes of which -General Marion ate heartily, requesting his guest to profit by his -example, repeating the old adage that "Hunger is the best sauce." "But -surely, General, this cannot be your ordinary fare" said the well fed -adversary. "Yes it is," replied Marion, "For months at a time my men -have lived on roasted potatoes, and we are especially fortunate on this -occasion to be able to provide a double allowance to set before so -honorable a guest." The young foreigner was so overcome with admiration -for the brave patriots fighting for their country in such a spirit that -on his return to Georgetown he retired from the service, declaring -his conviction that men who could with such cheerfulness, endure the -privations of such a life, could never be subdued. - -The blooming Britisher was right. The God of William Tell, of Cromwell, -of Washington and Marion, of Garrison and Lincoln, of Moses and of -Bryan, never has and never will permit such enthusiasm and faith and -patriotism to go unrewarded. Men with purpose so intense, whose flame -of patriotism burns so brightly as to consume their love of comfort -and dependence upon external things, can never be subdued by hired -Hessians nor the combined forces of opulence, ease and greed. - -Going out in such a spirit, demanding three full square meals each -day for every human being born into the world, yet to obtain this end -willing ourselves to live like Marion's band on roasted potatoes, like -the Cuban patriots on sugar cane and berries, or on graham bread and -apples, or to ease our hunger if necessary by grinding with our teeth -dry whole wheat, we will in the name of God and humanity take this -country and rescue our world from those who now make of it a living -hell. - -This unconquerable, independent spirit that rises above physical -conditions, social limitations, comforts and luxuries, is and always -has been the conquering spirit of the world, always the sure omen of -victory. - -If Marion and his band could rise superior to physical appetites in -fighting for thirteen little colonies away off from the great centers -of civilization; if the followers of Gomez and the immortal Maceo can -march over perilous mountains and through deadly marshes, suffering -continually for want of food and drink, and for years swing with almost -supernatural skill their deadly machetes against the brutal hordes of -Spain, in order to free one little West India isle, then surely we, -who see the brutal arm of a united world plutocracy striking down and -destroying all that has been bought so dearly by Washington, Marion, -and Lincoln, about to enslave the world's home and refuge of freedom -for a hundred years, we should not be unwilling to make any sacrifice, -take any risks, perform any drudgery. - -In defending our country we decide the destiny of the human race. -We fight to make seventy millions of people free and eventually to -free the world. Ours is the most sublime, the most terrific, the most -inspiring of all historic struggles. - -In fighting we will take the advice and learn what we can from any -source however humble. We will listen to the hygienist, the vegetarian, -even to the soup house reformer, if their words will help free us from -those chains of poverty that paralyze the arm of the ordinary slave -and make him impotent to strike back against his oppressors. - -The man who, because he earns his bread by labor, is looked down upon -by the companions of his youth and, because of his helplessness and -his clothes, is fenced out of respectable society, such a man requires -condensed and highly spiced food. He craves wine and beer and whiskey -and every condiment and stimulant that can raise his spirits, depressed -by failure, disappointment and the slow plodding life that offers no -advancement. Continual drudgery, without opportunity for promotion, -engulfs man in a gloom uncheered by a ray of hope. - -The reformer, the friend of labor, the idealist, the true Christian -believe that such victims should not only have the best food and drink, -better clothes and better homes, but that they and their children -should also have a chance to rise, should never be debarred from -opportunities for advancement or for utilizing any talent or genius -before discovered or that may hereafter be discovered, that might lift -them to a plane of distinction and honor. - -We believe in luxury; so much so that we believe every poor man's -family should have an opportunity to enjoy all those healthful and -normal luxuries which invention and progress have placed within the -reach of men. But the greatest of all luxuries, that which is more -appetizing than pepper or salt or cinnamon or garlic, that which is -more stimulating than beer or whiskey or even champagne, and which must -precede in the hearts of the masses the procurement of all these other -and lesser luxuries, is that divinest gift of Heaven--hope. Give a man -all the other luxuries that the world affords, and take away hope, and -his blood thickens, his eye becomes dull, his color heavy and his pulse -irregular. But allow him only dry bread in the open air and sunlight -by a flowing brook, and give him hope, and his eye flashes, his heart -throbs quicken, his face flushes, his muscles harden and all his -physical and mental powers are ready for instant application. - -We, the Volunteers of the New Democracy, have an abundant supply of -this stimulant more powerful than any liquor, more appetizing than any -condiment, more soothing than any narcotic, giving power and increased -facility without reaction. We have hope. We have faith. We have -purpose. We have absolute knowledge that our cause is just. We know -that we shall win. We cannot be suppressed. We cannot be put down. The -world is ours. WE ARE INVINCIBLE. - - -NO RAILWAY PASSES. - -In starting out to destroy plutocracy, the first thing the average -weakling does is to approach some senatorial or congressional tool of -the very plutocracy that he thinks he is opposing, and ask him to beg -plutocracy for a weapon to fight it with, free of charge. In other -words, in opposing the trusts and monopolies, among which the railroad -monopoly is one of the most tyrannical and corrupt, he asks for a free -railway pass. - -The railroad pass is the most corrupting instrument in American -politics to-day. It buys for a small price our congressmen and -senators, our county and state committees of both the Democratic and -Republican parties, our bosses in both parties, our editors, Democratic -and Republican, our preachers, Democratic, Republican and Prohibition, -and many of our Democratic lecturers and speakers. Even many of our -labor leaders make themselves impotent in this great struggle by -accepting railroad passes. Our labor statisticians, from the National -office in Washington to the smallest State branch, aid in smothering -facts and giving life to fiction in order to ride on railroad passes. - -Our speakers, in accepting the gage of battle laid down by plutocracy -in the late campaign, must neither ask nor accept favors of our -enemies. We must defy them. Rather than ride on railroad passes we -should walk. - -We should learn from that venerable Cuban patriot, Maximo Gomez, -who, when offered a sop by the brutal despotism against which he -was fighting, although it was presented to him by those two eminent -yet despicable toadies of European tyranny, Messrs. Cleveland and -Olney, refused point blank to consider their degrading propositions -and answered: "We do not accept favors of Spain. We hate Spain. Our -business is not to ask favors but to fight." - - -DEFY THE RAILROADS. - -During the late campaign the railroad corporations united not only to -aid in continuing the gold standard by the use of corporation funds but -in robbing our people of a free ballot by the most treasonable acts -of coercion and intimidation. There is not a giant stock jobber, tax -dodger, labor skinner or other law protected thief in the country who -has stolen more than one million dollars from widows and orphans and -other unsuspecting investors, who has not been aided and abetted in his -nefarious schemes by the railroad corporations. There is not a single -monopoly nor trust that preys upon legitimate trade and commerce but -has been fostered in its unnatural growth by railroad discrimination. -There has not been a single reform advocated for the benefit of the -common people during the last thirty years, but has been fought -bitterly by the railway officials. - -We cannot destroy plutocracy, we cannot fight the trusts, we cannot -fight the gold standard unless we are willing to defy the railroads. - -If, during our coming Congressional campaign, the railroads continue -their habit of monarchical coercion and intimidation, depriving -American citizens of their right to a free ballot, we must be -sufficiently intelligent and determined to co-operate with the enraged -and long-suffering people who will then be forced to declare for -government ownership of all public highways thus destroying, at a -single blow, this most dangerous and tyrannical form of plutocratic -despotism. - -We cannot afford to ask for railway passes. If we cannot pay our fare -and cannot secure a horse, WE MUST WALK. - - -BRYAN WAGONS. - -Before describing our method of fitting up and sending out Bryan -wagons, something should be said about the use of the word "Bryan," and -of Mr. Byran's request that his name should not be used by clubs and -organizations. - -The word Bryan no longer belongs to any one man. It has become the -common property of all who love liberty. The word Bryan became the cry -of exultation at the birth of the New Democracy. At this most momentous -historic event of the present century when an ideal was grasped from -the upper realm of books, of hope, of morality and religion, brought -down to the world of fact and embodied in flesh and blood; when what -before was a dream, a philosophy, an aspiration, suddenly allied itself -with physical agencies and created a political power that surprised -the world, the one cry into which the long oppressed millions breathed -their joy, their hope, their hate, their devotion to their fellows, -their defiance of their enemies was the magic word, Bryan! Bryan! As -this one word was repeated and cheered and cried aloud to express both -hope and anger, promise and defiance, it became sacred. It flitted from -the possession of the single human mite whom it had pleased God to -appoint as the herald of the new dispensation, and became the common -heritage of humanity. - -At the Chicago Convention one citizen lost his name, but the world -found it and the word Bryan became the battle cry of all who fight for -freedom or strive for justice. - -As this individual citizen of Nebraska cannot by any act or blunder in -the future, efface the mark that he has made upon history's scroll nor -smother the fire of enthusiasm his eloquence has lighted nor imprison -again in his single breast the wondrous truths breathed out of it that -now fill the whole world, so neither shall he rob us of the one magic -word, once his own, NOW OURS, which, wherever uttered, kindles lethargy -and inertia into enthusiasm and fills the abode of gloom with the light -of hope. - -The people need a key-note, a battle cry, one single word that -expresses all they believe and feel and hope. We have such a word. It -is BRYAN. We intend to keep it and utter it wherever and whenever it -will cheer us or help our cause. And if again one individual citizen's -modesty prompts him to interfere with our rights, our only answer will -be: "Hands off, honored sir," or, in the immortal words of Pennoyer of -Oregon, "You tend to your business and we, the people, will tend to -ours." - - -BEST WAY TO START. - -Where one or two or three persons are willing to start on a trip from -town to town, and, with the co-operation of their friends, can secure -a large covered wagon and two horses with a supply of condensed food, -we would commend this as the most economical and efficient method -of campaigning as it affords not only means of transportation, but -supplies a dwelling house to the occupants, and at the same time, -by the proper application of paint to the covered wagon, the wagon -itself and the horses may become living missionaries, continuous and -convincing speeches in themselves, by their presence protesting against -the continuation of existing political barbarism. If at the top of the -cover is painted in large letters, the words, "Bryan wagon," every -child, every woman in the farthest country district, every passerby, -whatever be his race, religion or education, will know instantly that -this wagon, now passing through the country, is one of the army of -wagons being used in the work preparatory to the decisive battle of -modern times to be fought in 1900. A few well-chosen sentences painted -on the wagon and American flags at the top, will make it serve as the -best possible advertisement for meetings. - - -MAKE YOUR ENEMIES ADVERTISE YOU. - -The moment this wagon arrives in town every gossip, every old woman, -every street gamin, every enemy of Democracy is converted at once into -an advertising medium for the propaganda of our cause. The wagon, the -horses, the dried beef, the apples, the whole wheat, the literature and -everything that the wagon contains become subjects for conversation -in the village. The Bryan wagon is the center of interest and the -Volunteers who live in it are objects of curiosity. By meeting time the -people are prepared to listen with open eyes and open mouths, drinking -in every word of the speaker's message. - -Its work done, the wagon moves on to the next town but the sight of it -is a powerful aid to the memory of every inhabitant of the village. -Each will recall time and time again the character of the speakers -and the words and prophecies that they uttered, so that when the next -speaker, traveling on his shoe leather or maybe in a palace car wearing -silk hat and patent leather shoes, arrives and tells the people how -they can free themselves from the money power, they will remember the -wagon and the men who lived and traveled in it and spoke from it. - -It is well to have the wagon so constructed that, when the time for -meeting arrives, by removing the top it can be used as a speaker's -platform and the announcements made from the front seat as it is driven -from corner to corner. - - -FORWARD, MARCH. - -Let a thousand such wagons be started out at once and kept on the road -for four years visiting every country school district every village -from Maine to New Mexico and from Texas to Oregon, each carrying an -abundant supply of literature. - -Let every Democrat patronize the Volunteers liberally, purchase from -each a quantity of literature for distribution and sale and throw in a -piece of silver as the hat is passed around. When possible supply them -with substantial and well-cooked meals so that they can better stand -their heroic diet when they find no friends. - -Start the hat agoing at once in each community, and let the town or the -county that purchases a Bryan wagon put the name of such county, town -or village on the cover. Let counties in Colorado, Arkansas and Texas -fit out such wagons and start them toward the heathen territory of -Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and Maryland. - - -ABOLISH NAKEDNESS AT HOME BEFORE GOING ABROAD. - -Let the money heretofore sent by our religious friends to teach the -naked savages of foreign islands to be ashamed of their nakedness and -to desire clothes, be applied now to the conversion of America to the -conviction that every citizen of our own country who wants clothes -should have a chance to earn them. If America is destroyed by that -arch-devil worship, gold idolatry, if our Republic goes down amid the -horrors of a violent revolution and military despotism, following in -the footsteps of Rome and Greece and Egypt, what will result from -our missions in foreign lands? They will become relics of the past -because no possible teaching can then convince the poor heathen that -our religion is a saving power. When the very country from which -the missionaries come is the helpless victim of greed, avarice and -organized crime, how are other races to be tempted to follow our -example? Let us rather turn our missionary money for the next four -years, ALL OF IT, into the coffers of the New Democracy, and start our -wagons toward the doubtful states from every Democratic and Populist -stronghold. Let the more civilized people of Missouri, Kansas and -Nebraska, where the creed of progress has reached the greatest altitude -in earth's history, share their increased physical, intellectual and -moral development with the less progressive and more barbarous states -that fringe the ocean uniting us with decaying Europe. - -Such friendly action will not only be rewarded by the satisfaction that -always follows a righteous act, but the givers will be blessed of God. -Nothing that a man can do, or a woman, or a child, will accomplish more -good in this world or gain greater reward in the land of the hereafter, -than the giving of their dollars and dimes and pennies for the starting -of Bryan wagons. In this way the western and southern centers of -thought and unselfish patriotism may uplift and educate those states -where greed, political corruption and the infamies of Hannaism still -hold undisputed sway. - -Let the churches of the Western states hold entertainments, let -suppers, masked balls, ice cream socials, cider picnics and barbecues -be held by the good women of every village and the proceeds devoted to -the equipment of "Bryan wagons." And after they are started out, each -well provisioned with literature, blankets and food, and containing -two good speakers and workers, the good women who raised the money to -start them should continue their benign activities and proceed at once -to raise a fund to keep on hand, so that when our missionaries send -tidings of persecution, accident or neglect, they can be answered at -once by a generous remittance. - -In order to insure the permanency of the venture, and that the wagon -and horses may continue to serve the cause even if the men traveling -with them desert their posts, a bill of sale or transfer of the wagon -and horses should be sent to our National headquarters or to our state -officers on the day of departure. The friends of the organization would -then be communicated with in advance wherever the wagon went, and in -case either one or both the speakers tired or deserted, the vacancies -would be filled at once from headquarters, and in the meantime the -horses and wagon would be cared for. - - -OUTDOOR MUSIC. - -There can be no greater aid to the success of a "Bryan wagon" than for -the volunteers to carry with them and be able to play a banjo, guitar, -violin, or small organ. Music is one of the world's forces and as rare -music, like all rare things, is a very small part of the whole, it -is not necessary that our music be of that sort. If we have the best -arguments, we can afford to let the other side have the best music. -But we must not, for this reason, give up music altogether. Therefore -a man who is proficient in any musical instrument that can be played -out doors, is a valuable acquisition to a Bryan wagon. But by far the -most popular and most effective music in the world, if well rendered, -is the exercise of the human voice in song.[6] To open a meeting with -music always strikes a sympathetic chord with the people. It aids and -strengthens every word that follows. If our speakers do not know how to -sing when they start out, they should practice singing our songs until -they do know. This should be part of the young speaker's education. - - [6] A volume of songs, prepared for our volunteer work, and - for all sorts of Democratic meetings, will be ready shortly, - and can be obtained of our National Bureau or from any of our - volunteers. - - -STEREOPTICON PICTURES. - -Another advantage of the "Bryan wagon" is that it can carry a certain -amount of baggage the "shoe leather traveler" cannot possibly take -with him. For those who do not possess an unusual oratorical talent, a -small stereopticon or magic lantern with views picturing the principles -of the New Democracy in effective colors, will prove a valuable -aid. Reform stereopticon views have been produced in great variety, -and the method of enlisting the eye wherever possible to strengthen -the impressions made through the ear is sound policy. In securing -collections for the payment of expenses, the average citizen is more -likely to give his nickel or dime towards the support of the travelers -if he has heard a dime's worth of music or seen a dime's worth of -comic and interesting pictures in addition to instruction gotten -through the medium of the speaker's voice. - - -BICYCLES AND DEMOCRACY. - -Where a man doesn't care to walk, and where it is inconvenient or -distasteful to travel by means of the "Bryan wagon," that most modern -and popular conveyance, the bicycle, should not be despised as a means -of disseminating truth. The bicycle is one of the revolutionary factors -of our age. It is the enemy of tobacco, liquor and all other vices that -arise from abnormal desires created by a sedentary life. It is the -friend of health, strength, red cheeks and clear heads. Where there are -good roads it is an excellent means of travel, and a strong wheelman -can easily speak every night at a different town by using the wheel, -and still have plenty of time to advertise each outdoor meeting. - -A bicycle, too, is an excellent companion to a Bryan wagon, because -while the wagon is slowly moving from one village to another, the -wheelman can be scouring along the side roads distributing small -circulars to the scattered countrymen, telling them of the meeting -in the next town the coming day or night. In fact, one of the most -important truths for every friend of the New Democracy to learn while -very young, is that our enemy, plutocracy, utilizes every invention -and element of civilization for the perpetuation of its power. In -opposing plutocracy we cannot be narrow, prejudiced, superstitious, nor -allow preconceived ideas as to dignity, custom, personal appearance or -respectability, to interfere with our free motion and our energetic -conflict. - -We fight with every weapon that by any honorable means can be secured. -We travel by every means that will emancipate us from the limitations -of time, space and poverty. We accept as allies every friend who -will aid in impressing upon our fellow mortals the solemnity of the -opportunity that confronts them and the malignity of the enemy that is -destroying our common race and country. - -Grasp every force in earth, in sea, in air, which by ingenuity, wisdom, -persistence, or heroism can be utilized in lessening human pain or -adding to human joy; which can be of service in forwarding these grand -principles that will, by one social and political transition, abolish -the primary sources of human misery. - - - - -CHAPTER V. - -SALOON MEETINGS. - - -A young man, of splendid physique, of bright and formidable eye, the -very picture of strength and courage, who became an admirer of Mr. -Bryan during the late campaign, and, after careful and extensive -reading forsook the Republican party, embraced the New Democracy and -enlisted the week following the election as a Volunteer Speaker and -worker. He is an active member of the Young Men's Christian Association -and of the Christian Endeavor Society. - -The first meeting he was asked to attend was held over a saloon. This -image of youthful power and courage walked through the bar-room of the -saloon with a disparaging air, sat down at a table beside the writer, -answered a few questions in a gloomy and dissatisfied manner and said -diplomatically that he had an engagement at another end of the city -and could not remain. He had promised to help arrange another meeting -a few blocks away and the next day partly fulfilled that promise by -carrying a bundle of circulars from the printing office to two men who -were to distribute them. He then suddenly dropped out of sight and has -never, so far as the movement is concerned, shown up since. - -It has been learned that to a fellow churchman he remarked that he had -been attracted by the high and noble ideals of Mr. Bryan, had expected -to work for the cause, but that his attendance at a meeting in a -saloon was so offensive to him that he lost all heart and had given up -participation in the movement in consequence. - -This man is only the type of a considerable class who would like to -have their fellow beings clean but would never help wash them, who -would dearly love to have them good but are too narrow to help save -them; who admire the poetry of patriotism but who cowardly shrink from -those sterner duties of which patriotism consists. - -Think of a follower of Jesus Christ refusing to preach patriotism to -men because they are gathered in or over a saloon, after having been -denied the opportunity of meeting in a church or even a church yard. -If Jesus Christ had been so squeamish and "gentlemanly" as to have -confined his services to the respectable people, the early church would -have died before it was born. In no age has there been sufficient -vitality in the classes that call themselves respectable to give -permanent form to any social or religious movement. Those who wish to -do great things only in a respectable manner never do great things. A -man cannot at the same time be both great and respectable. - -In order to be respectable, he must stifle genius and cover with the -ashes of artificiality all the deepest passions of the soul. He must -destroy his individuality and trim his sympathies as he does his beard, -like the barbarous Northmen when they entered Rome. - -Love for humanity that can be checked or dissipated by inartistic -surroundings, contact with vice or the coarse companionship of -intemperate men is not love at all, it is a mere fad, a fitful remnant -of a religious instinct long since eaten out from within. - -Imagine a mother talking about how she loves to have her baby clean -and sweet and wholesome, and then picture her refusing to undergo the -hardship required in making her child sweet and clean and wholesome. -Such a mother would be no mother at all, unless, perchance, a -stepmother or mother-in-law. - -The young man referred to is a typical specimen of a sniveling, -impracticable and worthless counterfeit of religion, the only function -of which is to emasculate and weaken our youth. It serves to ease their -consciences and displace the instincts that prompt to goodness. For -courageous self-sacrifice, it substitutes the mumbling of prayers; -instead of active, righteous contact with the world it demands the -attendance at meetings in which love is expressed toward a phantasy -millions of miles up into the stars, while the Living God of Heaven and -earth is forgotten, and where imprecation, denunciation and charges of -wickedness are dealt out to those manly and courageous persons who lift -out a helping hand to the poor instead of praying for them and who -fight to make this world and this life heavenly instead of paying their -debts to their fellow creatures with mansions in the skies. - -The refusal of this young man who, according to his own statement, -believed that the future welfare of the Nation depended upon the -triumph of the principles represented by Mr. Bryan, to assist in -spreading those principles in saloon meetings, means that his religious -and social training had unfitted him to do any great or noble thing, -unless in conformity with his Sunday-school manufactured tastes as to -nicety and elegance. - -The young man sees the giant tree, injustice, and offers to assist in -cutting it down but, when we hand him an ax, refuses to take off his -coat and returns it saying that his little hatchet at home has a blue -ribbon around it and that he won't cut with any other. - -He sings "Rescue the Perishing" at the Christian Endeavor meeting, a -pretty girl with pink cheeks and cherry lips on each side. The cheeks -and lips and song are so pleasing, he thinks he will go further and -help rescue the perishing. After careful study he is satisfied that -people are perishing for want of his friendly services and the services -of others like himself. Yet, when he is assigned a place to work, he -abruptly leaves his post of duty and goes back to prayer meeting, -because, poor boy, no carpet is on the floor, no angel pictures grace -the wall, and the tobacco smoke about him is offensive. - -Innocent creature! Let him continue to sing his hymns and say his -prayers surrounded by pretty girls In the Christian Endeavor meeting -and pretty boys who should have been born girls, while the great forces -of reform fight the battles of the living God, conquer evil, destroy -injustice and lift up the fallen. We can do without him and without his -kind. - -Not that we want to. We do not. We need all possible help. We will -not judge harshly all those who now are given over to such innocent -amusements. For the delicate white hand, the girlish student face, the -timid mamma's boy, taken from the prayer meeting and the Christian -Endeavor Society, once taught to see the great truths of social -salvation and human progress, does not always retreat in holy horror -when confronted with conflict and the smoke of battle. On the other -hand, such timid, singing, praying boys often become National heroes. -Before manhood is discovered by the growth of hair on the face, manly -character sometimes reaches maturity, with qualities developed, not -only superior to tobacco smoke at a saloon meeting, and the naughty -cuss words of the fellows who drink there, but to the smoke of powder -and the thunder of cannon. - -Do not overlook nor belittle soft men, but ignore only those who stay -soft after you have tried the hardening process. For where one heart -may be formed of milk and water, the liquid state of another may be -that of molten steel, and may only require the cooling process of an -outdoor breeze to make it withstand the continuous persecution and -conflict of years. - -There is no unholy place where men should not go who are fired by -a passion for justice. It is a fact that one of the centers of the -social life of the great cities of America and of Europe is the liquor -saloon. How much we may deplore this fact or the evil results that we -see flowing from it, is entirely another question. The fact remains in -spite of our deploring, our shocked ideals or our sympathies wrung by -the desolation and death caused by it, that the center of the social -life of our great cities, the place where society meets, (not that -floating, top-heavy buoy that calls itself society, but real society, -the people) is the liquor saloon. - -At present it is managed in America, not with any reference whatever to -its social function, but merely for the private profit of individuals. -In order to increase their private profits and to defend their special -interests, the men who manage these saloons, as a general rule, abuse -their powers and add inconceivably to the horrors of the vice of -intemperence trying, by unnatural and vicious methods, to increase -their gain. - -Not only this, but as the saloon is the center of the social life of -our American cities, the proprietors of saloons and the manufacturers -of liquors, who have associated their interests, have a terrible -and unnatural advantage in controlling the political power of the -people with whom they come in contact. They do not have to go where -the people are because the saloon keeper, in the natural and usual -performance of his business, is already in the midst of the people. He -always has a crowd. He is the greatest preacher of modern times. He -does not have to invent new methods for REACHING THE MASSES. He does -not have to scratch his bald head and say, "O, Lord! why are my sheep -deserting me?" The saloon keeper always has a congregation, always -a choir, is always surrounded by men in need of a friend, and, like -other members of the human family having a strange mixture of greed -and sympathy, cruelty and fellow-feeling, he exercises his charitable -instincts and lends a material helping hand to the members of his -congregation quite as often as do the five thousand and twenty thousand -dollar a year ministers who preach not to men drinking, but often to -men who have already drunk their fill. - -The saloon keeper preacher, however, lacks one advantage possessed by -his more fortunate compeer of the church pulpit, for, where a member -of the saloon congregation has a perfect right to answer back and -correct misstatements, slanders and unjust vituperation, the friend -of the common people who happens into the fashionable city church -service must bite his lips and remain silent while the name of Jesus, -the revolutionist, the poor man's friend, is used to strengthen vile -calumny against His brave modern apostles who are fighting to realize -practically in government the principles represented by the cross. - -Therefore, one of the most promising fields for the social reformer, -for the man who drinks beer and the man who drinks water, for the man -who smokes cigars and the man who washes his teeth before every meal -with charcoal powder and lives on vegetables, is the liquor saloon. It -is always open and you can go in without buying. You can take a seat -free of charge and you can talk. You have as much right to talk as -the bartender, and even if opposed to your principles, good business -judgment, if no other motive, prompts the average saloon keeper to be -tolerant. He cannot afford to drive away any large percentage of his -customers. You have a right, and even in the Republican saloons you -can get permission to declare the gospel of monopoly's downfall in the -back room, in the hall upstairs or in the main saloon, once a week, -without paying anything for heat, light or hall rent. These are already -furnished for the people who now go there. You do not need to advertise -the meeting, for there is always a crowd about the saloon. After you -have held two or three meetings they will grow in size and draw the -frequenters from other resorts. - -The average saloon crowd is as open to conviction and as ready to be -taught concerning the moralizing of government and the establishment of -justice in the world as the average church congregation, and they will -treat you as civilly and listen as attentively even though every man -present disagrees with you. - -Let the hundreds of saloons throughout our great cities be selected -as a mission field for the new gospel of manliness and brotherhood. -Christ went among publicans and wine-bibbers. We can afford to go among -wine-bibbers, even when they are Republicans. Our crowd may be small -at times but the kind of work that moves the world and builds up -civilization is work that is regular and continuous. - -Let the Volunteers organize by twos, and the one, two or three evenings -a week that they can give to the cause, let those who choose this -work go to a saloon and tell the fellows there that under a proper -social system, each one of them can afford to have a home as sociable -and homelike and comfortable as a saloon; that, after they declare -their independence of the party whip, and, instead of obeying parties, -command them to do their bidding, they can soon have such opportunities -that they won't have to drink to forget their troubles, because they -will have no troubles; that they won't have to drink in order to -imagine that they are happy, because they will have real happiness; -that after the gold standard and monopoly are overthrown, there will be -a hundred different pleasures and opportunities opened to them, that -these will produce intoxication just as delicious as that produced -by wine and beer, and that every poor man who wants to drink will be -allowed to drink, not slops and refuse, but the same fluids that now -give the gout and dropsy to die millionaire. - -The way to get up a saloon meeting is to see the proprietor, tell him -you are a Democrat, not a fraudulent, makebelieve hypocrite, using -the Democratic name to defeat Democratic principles, not an agent of -the gold bugs trying to corrupt the Democratic party, not an attorney -for monopoly attempting to pervert the Democratic organization to -help millionaires rob Democratic voters, but that you are a real -dyed-in-the-wool, anti-monopoly, Jeffersonian, Jacksonian, Bryan -Democrat, standing with all fours on the Chicago platform, the enemy of -its enemies, the foe of its traducers, and the opponent, uncompromising -and implacable of every man who upholds the infamous British Rothschild -gold standard of money. Tell him that you would like to talk to his -customers and a few others in his place every week, and show them how, -by united political action in the Democratic party, they can be made -just as happy as if they were drunk seven days each week. - -He will let you come, and if you talk straight from the shoulder, you -will have a larger crowd at the second meeting than at the first. If -you keep the work up a year continuously, you will not only have your -name enrolled in the book of heroes, kept by the Democratic leaders, -but also in the book kept by the Divinity who guides the Nations. You -will be rewarded in this world for your sacrificing labor if you live -until the people crush monopoly, and if not, you will at least have -that consciousness of duty done which knows no time nor space. - - - - -CHAPTER VI. - -THE HEROIC AND PROSAIC. - - -Heroism and the spirit of martyrdom and of self-sacrifice are -historical factors as real, as tangible and as much a part of human -nature as greed or hunger. The young Volunteers who forsake home, -business and personal ambition to help save our Nation from the money -power, starting in the name of humanity astride bicycles, horseback, -afoot and in Bryan wagons, preaching the new gospel of glad tidings -without money and without price, eating whole wheat, dry bread and -apples, with a square meal only now and then to remind them of the good -times coming, are not impelled by any strange or new force in society. -They are not the disciples of a new cult or ism, the latest off-shot -from the great tree of life. They are not a new product of civilization -but on the other hand they are the real conservative and belong to the -true nobility of the human race, that brotherhood of heroes, patriots -and martyrs of all ages and nations, as old as the human family itself. - -On the other hand, the essentially NEW PRODUCT of our civilization is -the man who does not believe in heroism, who has stifled the nobler -instincts with which nature originally endowed him, and fills his -whole mind's horizon with the one image of gold. Those in whose minds -avarice has devoured all other instincts and desires to the point of -moral insanity, are the only strange or new off-shoots. They alone -are the special and characteristic product of our particular period, -distinguished above all else by its complete surrender to the one -passion--greed. The real cranks and monstrosities are not those who are -in line with historic humanity, but rather those who have crucified -their humanity on "a cross of gold" in accord with a temporary social -perversion. - - -HEROISM AND SOMETHING MORE. - -Some say it is the weakness of our movement that we depend too much -on heroism and patriotism and other of the weaker instincts and -uncertain qualities of human nature and therefore the movement must -fail. Successful movements appeal to the more substantial motives and -instincts, such as cupidity, sectional pride, etc. - -While it is true that we appeal first of all to the patriotism of our -citizens, to the heroic in man and to those deep religious and moral -sentiments of which heroism and patriotism are the highest product, and -while it is true that we regard these sentiments when fully drawn out -and properly applied, and during great occasions of National peril, as -being stronger than cupidity, sectional pride, or even regard for life, -and that the exercise of these qualities by vast bodies of men have -repeatedly, during each century throughout the history of our race, -saved the dominance of the Caucasian race and all those principles and -institutions that give value to the modern world, and, while we intend -during the four years to come, preparatory to the greatest crisis of -history, to continue to appeal first and foremost and all the time to -patriotism and heroism, love of justice and fellow feeling, still, we -intend to utilize every force and every means that will aid in bringing -about the better world for which we hope. - -We recognize that while in a moment of enthusiastic ardor, a man will -give his life for a principle, and that during hours of deep religious -fervor, brought about by the preaching of gifted orators, people -renounce their old ways of living and often divide up their property -with the church and the poor, that such occasions are comparatively -rare, while every man born of woman desires food about three times a -day, that he desires clothing and suffers for the want of it during -every one of his sleeping and waking hours, that during a large portion -of his life intense feelings and regard are turned toward some woman, -and that nearly all men are at nearly all times vain, not in any bad -sense, but that they desire the respect and the confidence of their -fellow men, and when opportunity offers, strive to be conspicuous and -influential, and desire to be feared and loved and admired for unusual -qualities, possessions or acts. - -Therefore, to make our movement completely and wholly successful, -we appeal first to patriotism and heroism, the noblest and highest -qualities produced by centuries of religious and moral training, but -secondarily we appeal to men's ambition, their love of gain, their -desire to eat, to be clothed, to marry, to become influential, their -vanity, their imagination, their love of activity and all the qualities -that they possess. - -It does not lessen a soldier's courage for him to know that if -victorious in battle he is to be promoted, or that if a city is taken -or a country conquered, he is to have a plantation where he can rest -in peace when his gray hairs come with his children healthy and happy -about him. There is no need to dissect with the surgeon's knife of -close analysis the motives and minds of men in order to separate every -little vanity from the noble and unselfish impulses with which it is -interwoven, nor to cut away and lay apart from the strong patriotic -desire to serve one's country, every little individual and personal -hope that in the event one's country is served and saved, those who -bear the brunt of the battle will be especially favored and secure -first recognition in the universal enjoyment consequent upon such -victory. By taking human nature as we find it with its admixture of the -heroic and prosaic, its mingling of selfish and altruistic aims, we -seek to make every impulse serve the cause of humanity by contributing -to the one end--triumphant Democracy. - - -THE ROLL OF HONOR. - -The most important feature of the Democratic Volunteers' organization, -is the honor roll, on which is recorded the work done by each -Volunteer. To all faithful workers are issued semi-annually -certificates of honor, and to those who perform services of unusual -merit special medals and other awards of recognition. - -One copy of the honor roll is kept by the National leaders in a -safe-deposit in St. Louis, and a duplicate copy by the great leader of -Democracy at his home. - -By this system, each worker knows that everything he does is recorded -at headquarters, and is kept there for all future time for reference -by our national leaders, when they wish, either in asking for services -or bestowing favors, to find the real, deserving, fighting material -in our party. Each worker knows, also, that it is the end of the -unjust custom, whereby one or two loud-mouthed adventurers, who have -done nothing but who claim all, in the hour of victory cast aside the -unselfish workers, whose years of patient labor gained the victory. -With an account kept of the sacrifices made, the clubs organized, the -members secured by each party worker in our country, there can be no -more climbing into favor on the shoulders of others, but, instead, -each man stands on his own bottom, reaping the fruit and recognition -of his own work, and is assigned to leadership as the result of the -exercise of his own genius and talents. At present, every Congressman, -Governor or President elected to office, is punished sufficiently to -offset all the pleasures and satisfactions of having been successful -by the impossible task of trying to disentangle the various claims of -the men who helped elect him. But no such discordant scramble need ever -recur, for the Volunteers will, in the future, keep an exact history -of the service rendered by every party worker, and, in Congressional -parlance, each fellow will know exactly "where he is at." The system is -as carefully thought out and perfected as that of any standing army. - -The roll of honor appeals to the strongest instincts in man, which -have been utilized in every successful social or religious movement -since the dawn of history. If he is vain, it appeals to his vanity. -If heroic, it stimulates his heroism. If ambitious, he sees the way -to get place and position is to merit them by faithful work and that -they cannot be had by cheating the rightful owners out of the fruits of -their victories, to which he has not contributed. - -In the Catholic Church and in many other institutions through all the -centuries, as among the followers of Napolean and Caesar, men have -often given up their lives for a medal or a bit of ribbon. For such -rewards England to-day gets almost as much service as from her vast -pay-roll. - -By proper organization, vanity can be made to offset cupidity. It -is as strong an instinct, and we have the means of satisfying it. -To-day the name of England's Queen cannot inspire as great enthusiasm -in the majority of the English speaking race, as does the name of -William Jennings Bryan. The enthusiasm now aroused has sufficient -force to accomplish all our ends. What we need is simply to harness -this Niagara, organize this power, and apply it systematically and -continuously. It can be done. It is being done. Never in the history of -our country has the year following a great political campaign been the -scene of such a rejuvenation of the defeated party as has taken place -since our late repulse. - -As every plant must shoot down two roots for sustenance, before -putting forth a new twig, so we have decided to plant the roots of -our organization prolifically throughout the Southern and Western -states, where our cause is strong, thereby securing the support for -a continuous and aggressive campaign before sending our Volunteers -into the doubtful states and those still given over to the idolatrous -worship of the golden calf. - -Each congressional district in the Southern and Western states can -be made by contributions of one cent, five cents, ten cents at a -time, collected by the Volunteer Speakers, to support permanently one -organizer in Republican territory. - -There are many different ways to work. One is by educating and -agitating and by advancing our principles indoors and outdoors upon -every possible occasion by public speeches. Another is to go to -work quietly, and, by personal man-to-man solicitation, to organize -regular ward or precinct clubs in one's own town or county. This is -the first thing to be done, where no regular Democratic club exists -independent of boodling bosses. But, anyhow, get five true and tried -workers enlisted and forward their names to headquarters. They will -then receive monthly instructions for carrying on and enlarging the -work. When a club is already formed, the Volunteer is to build it up -by increasing its membership and educating its members, and defeating, -as club officers, any man who is known to apologize for the existence -of any monopoly whatever. After this try to establish a league of -the clubs in the county, city or state, known to be formed on right -principles. - -In the centuries to come, there will be no prouder title to boast of, -no higher family honor, no more distinctive mark of aristocracy, than -this record in black and white that one's forefather belonged to the -band of patriots who, through four years of persecution and struggle, -succeeded in driving from American soil, that last representative of -historic tyranny, organized plutocracy. - - - - -CHAPTER VII. - -PRACTICAL POLITICS. - - -In a cause as holy as ours, false modesty is as unwise as false -dignity. When we realize that money represents human effort, that it -gives multiplied power either in war or peace and that the possession -of money, with its accompanying power to an almost unlimited extent, -is enjoyed by our enemies, it is well for us to admit at the start -that we, every Volunteer of us, must make constant efforts wherever -speaking or working, to raise funds, on however small a scale, for the -great work before us. One humble but time-honored method, which has -proved useful in every popular movement, recorded in history, is that -of "taking up a collection." People may laugh at it and the collections -be small but we must not be deterred by ridicule nor discouraged by the -apparent insignificance of the returns. This is the only way to give -all the people systematically and persistently a chance to contribute -according to ability to the cause that means liberty and the opening -of opportunity to them. Therefore, let no speaker listen to advice from -the timid and over-modest, who shrink from the sneers and taunts of -the over-nice, but at every meeting let them pass around the hat after -the manner of our forefathers. We must also remember that in every -audience, however small, there may be some penitent Croesus awake to -existing evils but as yet with no clear vision of a remedy, with power -and will to help but lacking knowledge as to where such help should be -given. Sudden conversions are not unknown where the message of truth is -delivered with sincerity and simplicity. There are thousands of rich -men at this moment who, if properly appealed to, would give liberally -to the cause that to them seemed likely to promote the general welfare. -There are many human hearts now waiting, like the Pool of Bethesda, for -the angel's touch, which shall "trouble" their calm and transform them -into sources of healing for the woes of humanity. No speaker knows but -he may be the one destined to open up these closed fountains of power. -The heights and depths of human nature lie beyond our ordinary vision. -A man's power of response to an appeal in behalf of those who suffer is -not always graven on his forehead, so that "he that runneth may read." -In any audience there may be some listener, apparently indifferent, in -whom all the preliminary processes of conversion have already taken -place, and who needs only the warm breath of an atmosphere charged with -unselfish enthusiasm to complete the work of regeneration. Such cases -are on record. Within a few years, the gift of a million dollars was -received by the promoters of a reform movement in New York, not from an -habitual contributor to such enterprises, but from a sudden convert, -a man ordinarily cold and indifferent to humanitarian movements, and -before unresponsive to his brothers' needs. Perhaps it was not the need -that previously had failed to stir his heart, but only the methods of -helping that had not satisfied his mind. There are rich men and women -to-day, honestly desirous of bringing about better social conditions -and willing to make sacrifices to that end, but who, so far, have found -none of the methods suggested practicable. To such we may appeal with -certainty of response, thereby being furnished with the sinews of war -by those who owe their wealth to the very system we oppose. - -And why not? Because a man has been thrown into a brutal and wasteful -contest and has come victorious from the struggle is no reason why -he should wish his children and humanity at large to be forced into -another of the same kind. Such a man well knows that he, too, in spite -of apparent success, is also a victim. He sees the possibilities of -life under a better social system--the order, the beauty, the harmony, -the possible development of higher faculties and extinction of those -that link him with the brutes. All this he sees, and even while -scrambling with the rest for possession of the booty, he would hail -with joy any change that promised to relieve his children from a like -sad necessity. - -Starve fifty Sunday school teachers for a week, lock them in a cage -together, throw in a roast of beef, a plum pudding, a pitcher of soup, -a plate of pickles and a pot of beans, at the same time telling each -to get what he can, as no more will be furnished for a month; and a -swinish scramble will at once ensue, in which two thirds of the food -will be wasted, and in the end one man will have a pocket full of plum -pudding, another a handful of pickles, and the strongest the roast beef -to himself in a corner. - -Let it be understood that he who gets the roast beef is no worse than -the others, nor will he, because of his success, NECESSARILY favor -an indefinite continuation of such brutal scrambling. The difference -between him and the least successful is a difference in strength, NOT -NECESSARILY A DIFFERENCE IN AIM. To-day, most men are actuated by the -same spirit. To desire success and a share of life's gifts is right -and normal. It is the political system under which we live that has -transformed this natural and healthy impulse into a devilish desire to -absorb not only all wealth but all opportunities. - -To remedy this radical evil, it is not enough to change individuals; -we must change the system. It is, of course, to be expected that the -impulse to change our present barbarous monopolistic methods will -come from those who have failed in the scramble for riches. For the -possession of wealth naturally tends to promote in the minds of those -who possess it, a certain degree of satisfaction with the methods -by which it has been acquired and a tendency to oppose any change. -A spirit of toadyism and fear of social ostracism also induces many -to sacrifice their highest ideals. Great fortunes often destroy the -independence which it might be supposed they would secure to their -possessors; yet, in spite of the temptations of wealth and the -unwritten, but none the less rigidly enforced mandates of a heartless -society, not a few are ready to make the required sacrifices in order -to advance the interests of our common humanity. - -To such partially awakened minds, it ought not to be difficult to show -that the times are ripe for a solution of existing problems other than -that offered by charitable associations. For eighteen centuries the -Good Samaritan has been the working model of the church and society, -yet the number of the wounded and robbed on the world's highway has so -increased that the gigantic systems of modern charity are inadequate -to meet the increasing demands upon them. Why? The answer is clear. No -very keen intelligence is required to see that one very important duty -has been neglected by the Good Samaritans of all times. Occupied with -caring for the wounded, they have neglected to hunt down the thieves, -who have accordingly increased in numbers and boldness. It is time for -us to leave effects and study causes, to organize at once to hunt down -the thieves, for, when these are routed, there will be fewer victims -on whom to exercise charity. Why plan educational and charitable -institutions in the slums when the causes that produce the slums are -left untouched? Why add another to the five hundred churches of a great -city, when the influence of the money power makes the preaching of -the real gospel well nigh impossible,[7] thus largely destroying the -usefulness of those already built? Instead of new homes of charity, -let us organize to end the need for charity. Instead of building one -new school, the true educator will ally himself with those forces that -seek, through public action, to place education within the reach of -all. Instead of building a new church, the devout Christian or Jew will -divide his substance with the party that aims to make possible the -application of the principles of religion to the everyday affairs of -life and to all social institutions. - - [7] A letter lies before me now from a talented and earnest - young minister of the Episcopal church, in which the writer - despairingly declares that he dare not preach the social and - economic doctrines of Christ, lest he bring ruin upon his wife - and children. "The money-power," he declares, "has control of - the church and Christ's ministers must either trim their sails - to catch the wind of its favor or suffer temporal shipwreck. - It is easy to say that the Christian should be ready to meet - any martyrdom, but it is equally true that it is not from - within the bosom of the church that such trials should come." - -Never was there a cause that appealed more strongly than ours to a -man's generous instincts. In the middle ages all Europe was fired by -the idea of wresting the Holy Sepulchre from infidel hands; to-day -Greek and Cuban patriots are laying everything upon their country's -altar for the sake of national honor and freedom. Our cause is nobler, -larger than any of these. Not Christ's tomb, but the race He died -to redeem; not an insignificant nation, but humanity is through us -pleading to be rescued and restored to liberty. Our appeal is not to a -class, a church or a nation; it is to MEN for MAN. - -ONE DOLLAR GIVEN TO OUR CAUSE WILL ACCOMPLISH MORE FOR THE ALLEVIATION -OF HUMAN SUFFERING, FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRUE CIVILIZATION, THAN -FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS SPENT FOR ANY COLLEGE, CHARITY OR CHURCH. As -hundreds of poor men have sacrificed all they possessed, given up home -and the comforts of family life, to travel from town to town urging -the principles of the New Democracy; so will there be rich men, who, -feeling their RELATIONSHIP TO HUMANITY TO BE MORE BINDING than any ties -uniting them with a selfish class, will also give up the larger part of -what they have and lay it on the altar of their country. - -Those who feel the divine impulse to give to this movement will give -double by giving promptly, and will have the added personal joy of -seeing some of the results of their generosity. Not all the results, -because each dollar given to this cause starts a train of consequences -for the happiness of men and for the peace of society that will -continue as long as this old earth is inhabited by mortals. The effect -of every penny, given by the smallest child or the poorest servant -girl, may produce results for good that will be felt by mankind through -all the generations to come. - -It is not unreasonable for us to ask for constantly, and to expect -to receive a single donation of a million dollars sometime during -the coming four years. Such donations have many times been given to -causes less holy than ours, and in emergencies not to be compared to -it in importance. We can in reason hope for several gifts of not less -than twenty-five thousand dollars each, and many of not less than one -thousand dollars, and thousands of lesser gifts proportionate to the -purses of the poor who will regard it not as a duty, but as a privilege -to thus co-operate with God. Such amounts have been subscribed to a -single college and to a single religious denomination within the memory -of the youngest reader. Can we not rationally expect that even more -will be given to the movement which is to multiply many times the -usefulness of all colleges and churches? - -But do not trim your sails nor adapt your arguments to the rich, in -order to secure donations, but speak bravely and fearlessly in behalf -of justice and the rights of the people, and, if special selfish -interests are thereby alienated, unselfish interests will be drawn to -us. - -Although generous help may be expected from those who have been -enriched by the very system that we seek to destroy, nevertheless it -is a fact that, as a class, the rich are satisfied with the system -of injustice that has given them their riches, and, as a class, will -oppose now, as they have opposed during all history, every reform or -change that promises improvement to the masses. Therefore the bulk of -the money to be raised for the people's cause must probably be given by -the people themselves according to their means. - -We should for this reason not only call for donations and pass around -the hat at meetings when the people are enthusiastic, but, in forming -clubs in every township throughout our country, we should try to induce -each to appoint its most active and popular man as Treasurer, and -especially to instruct him to collect every week or month, a regular -subscription, HOWEVER SMALL, from every friend of our movement in his -community. In this way, we can establish a system similar to "Peter's -Pence," and the missionary contributions of the Protestant churches, -and raise a fund during the coming four years that will be a wonder to -ourselves and a menace to our enemies. - -It may be asked, if the Volunteer Speakers work without pay, many of -them living on heroic diet and traveling on foot, what need of money? -To this it may be replied that the legitimate and honest uses for money -in promoting any cause are too many to enumerate. The field is large -and workers of many kinds are needed. Though many of our speakers will -travel and work continuously without compensation and the vast majority -will give their time without any reward even for their expenses, still, -to utilize properly the Volunteer work of the thousands who are willing -to make such sacrifices, it is very desirable that we have at least one -paid organizer in each Congressional District, and, if possible, in -each county one who will receive a moderate salary and who will be held -responsible for all the routine work required in his territory. The -Volunteer workers and speakers in any locality can be made many times -as effective, if there is some one man responsible to the national -office for the methodical arrangement of the work and the systematic -utilization of their services. It is also highly desirable that every -Volunteer be given a bountiful supply of the very best literature on -economic subjects. Money is also needed for our central school for -Volunteer Speakers in St. Louis, where those with hearts afire to speak -for Democracy can come, and within one, two or three months, be trained -and equipped with a practical knowledge of the details of the work in -which they wish to engage. - -But it is folly to enlarge further upon the need of money. Every person -who appreciates the nature of our struggle knows that everything we do -can be done more effectively with additional funds. - - - - -CHAPTER VIII. - -FUNDAMENTALS. - - -To educate the people, the first essential is that the educators know -exactly what they wish to teach and the ultimate purpose of such -teaching. - -In the previous chapters are outlined methods of reaching and -persuading people. More important, however, than any manner of -speaking, traveling, advertising or gaining an audience is it that our -speakers never lose sight of the few great basic principles of our -movement, and that they keep these central truths steadily before the -eyes and minds of the people. - -The principal danger to be overcome in every popular movement is that -in the adaptation of the central truth of the movement to local and -temporary requirements, the truth itself may be lost in a multitude of -petty intricacies. - -In the beginnings of the great religions when they spread irresistibly -over the world, their teachers held firmly to a few great salient -truths. But the influence of every religion waned when its ministers, -forgetting its real object, gave themselves up to details of -worship and church government. This is also the history of nearly -every Christian denomination. In their vigor and youth, they dwelt -principally upon the great primary themes. When these were forgotten or -neglected, the movements themselves lost their power. - -The weakness of the people's movement to-day is that our leaders -abandon too often the center of the stream, drawn away by the side -currents and little eddies. The intricacies of finance, statistics and -details of administration, often absorb their whole attention. Those -who would guide the crowd to a higher civilization forget the object -of their endeavors, the crowd forgets; then medley and Babel. Instead -of marching toward the goal, the multitude halt by the wayside, and go -to arguing over the incidents of the journey. The compass, governed -by fixed and universal laws, that acts regardless of the turns in the -road, no longer directs them. They are at the mercy of the local, the -incidental and temporary. When they give up the main road to wander -off in bypaths, unity and progress cease; division, disorder and -disintegration begin. - -The silver question, the question as to the power of the Supreme Court -Justices, the railway question, are all merely incidental to the one -great fundamental conflict that has been waged for centuries, the -conflict of the general welfare resting on right against the special -interests that thrive by wrong, of liberty against tyranny; the people -against plutocracy. This conflict should be kept in the forefront by -every Volunteer, who should urge continuously and repeatedly upon his -hearers the few great simple truths of Democracy, holding these out in -bold relief, like mountains above the rolling slopes and projecting -crags that lead up to them, keeping the popular mind centered on the -goal of their efforts, the North Star, as it were, of progress. - -Revolutions and special evolutions are brought about in human affairs, -NOT SO MUCH BY THE DISSEMINATION OF A GREAT MULTITUDE OF IDEAS, AS BY -THE CONCENTRATION OF A MULTITUDE OF MINDS UPON A SINGLE IDEA. This -single idea, however, cannot be of a local or temporary nature. It -must, on the other hand, be comprehensive and of sufficient import -to stir the very souls of the masses. A mere question of currency, -transportation or judicial powers, however important, even if -absolutely requisite to further progress, is not capable of producing -the universal enthusiasm required to institute any fundamental -innovation. The truths on which the popular mind is to be focused, -must be self-evident, general, and their application not limited -to a short time or a special locality. With the people's attention -fixed upon a great moral truth universally applicable, their faces -all turned toward, their eyes fixed on one star of deliverance, it -is easy to convince them that to realize their goal no sacrifice -can be too great. Men are prepared to act intelligently concerning -currency, transportation or other incidental reforms when their -enthusiasm and purpose are fully aroused and their attention is fixed -upon universal laws about which there can be no doubt, hesitancy or -confusion. Absorbed in great things, the petty causes of strife and -dissension disappear. We can gain unity only when, leaving details to -tried leaders, the people concentrate their attention on those simple -realities, self-evident and capable of being understood by all, the -attainment of which forces the righteous settlement of details and of -all questions dependent and incidental. - - -THE WORLD BIG; GOD GOOD; MAN ALONE RESPONSIBLE. - -The first such central truth, self-evident to every man, to be -proclaimed tirelessly by the Volunteers, is that the earth is large -enough and rich enough to supply all the good things of life to every -human being born on it. Urge that especially since the triumphs of -modern science is it possible for man to satisfy every natural craving, -every healthy desire, every reasonable hope and dream, without any man -being compelled to sacrifice another human being to his purpose. - -The great and the humblest mind alike can see this truth. It stands -out an impregnable tower of strength above all minor and subsidiary -questions. It is unanswerable, incontravertible and DYNAMICALLY -IRRESISTIBLE. The earth is large enough and rich enough and human -energy sufficient to produce in abundance everything required to supply -every natural, healthful human desire. This means that the world, now -made hell by human greed abetted by ignorance and prejudice, might just -as well be heaven. The misery caused by poverty, tyranny and neglect, -can be displaced by happiness, plenty and liberty for all. - -Following this and demonstrable from it by the eternal laws of Logic -is the conclusion that the one primary and all-important duty of every -man seeing it is to do all he can, after providing for his simplest -physical wants, to help systematize and civilize human effort and -overcome prejudice so as to obtain this result. - -The immediate effect of the practical acceptance of this one -self-evident truth is almost inconceivable. Once convince men that -their sufferings are unnecessary, that science has placed in their -hands all the power and materials needed which rightly applied will -give to all men the satisfaction of all their normal desires, and you -at once transform the world. - -The most formidable obstacle in the way of further progress is not -that men are insufficiently versed in political economy or lacking -in intelligence, but it is that the people are without hope. Popular -effort has so often been thwarted by selfish cunning, great moral -enthusiasms dissipated by the science and superior organization of -tyranny, that men have lost heart. - -Despair is the chief opponent of progress. Our greatest need is hope. -The people must have faith that something can be done. - -The majority of men know of public measures that would be beneficial if -an upward step were possible, but they are overwhelmed by a multitude -of incidental obstacles and petty disappointments that cloud their -small horizons and shut off from sight the great universal and historic -forces that are slowly but surely working out their destinies. - -Convince men that our country is large enough and rich enough to give -them all an opportunity to work and earn sufficient to support their -families and educate their children properly, convince them that their -present poverty and sufferings are wholly the result of social crimes, -and, if they can believe that this change is actually to be brought -about, you change the whole base of their operations and revolutionize -their attitude of mind. They are then ready to co-operate with those -bold thinkers who have studied out the details of social progress. - -Our speakers cannot dwell too long upon, cannot repeat too often, this -one all-important, fundamental truth, the basis of all right political -thought and action, namely, that the world is all right, nature -is lavish, God Almighty is generous, and that human invention has -multiplied many times the gifts that God originally gave to man, and -now the human family might just as well sit down amid merry-making to -the great feast steaming before us, prepared through ages of endeavor, -but for a miserable dog in the manger. - -Proclaim everywhere that organized greed is this dog. Teach that the -highest patriotism consists in striking it, that the only martyrs are -those devoured by it, that to kill it is the sublime mission of this -generation. - -Do not try to teach many things, but urge with all the passion of your -being at all times and in all places, the self-evident and fundamental -truth that our world contains everything required to make men happy. If -want exists, it is the result of crime. Those who profit by this crime -try to convince us that nothing can be done to prevent it. Our work is -to create hope and courage and let the people know that this crime can -be stopped, the criminals caught and punished, and the purposes of God -and nature be permitted to proceed unmolested. Tell the people they can -put an end to their sufferings, that misery results from human, not -from natural causes, and that it need not be. Teach and preach and cry -aloud this one fact. Repeat it indoors and out, with all the fire and -intensity within you. Each convert will become a center, and our cause -will spread irresistibly. - -Therefore, Volunteers, do not weary your hearers with statistics and -historical or legal minutiae; do not cram them with detailed arguments -relating to questions of a local or temporary nature; do not confuse -them by trying to explain all the intricacies of a financial system -soon to perish from off the earth. Rather even let the sophistries -of an opponent go unanswered. But concentrate all your energies upon -helping turn the attention of the people away from petty and vexing -intricacies to these few great central truths, which, if once clearly -seen, make all else plain. - -The man who comprehends fully the truth that our world, since the -discoveries of modern science, is capable of giving every human being -all the good things of life, that as civilization is now blessed and -glorious to some so it can be made to all--such a man will forsake all -small purposes at once and devote himself thereafter to the realization -of his ideal. Nothing else in the world can compare to this work in -importance. When he learns that there is but one great party that -stands for progress, he will immediately ally himself with that party. - - - - -CHAPTER IX. - -THE CHURCH AS A FIELD. - - -Though in large cities the shelter admitted to be the most accessible -to the poor, who wish to discuss methods for improving their condition, -is the corner saloon, yet in country districts it will be found that -the churches still cling to many of their ancient virtues and will be -found open and hospitable to every traveler who has a suggestion to -make for the good of the community. - -Whatever a speaker's prejudices may be against any church or against -all churches, when he consecrates his life to the cause of humanity -through the Democratic party, he must suppress such prejudices and -regard all buildings as existing for use. And a true Volunteer is -always certain that the highest use that can be made of any building in -the world is to have taught in it the truths of human brotherhood and -progress as embodied in the New Democracy. - -In securing a church building for purposes of instruction, it is best -not to mention the name of our movement. The name that we have adopted -being an old name and used by various people for various purposes has -been used upon numerous occasions by bad people for bad purposes. Even -the word politics, which, in reality, means the science and art of -government, has come to mean, in the minds of many, a mere personal -contest for gain and position. The sacred banner of Democracy has -often been dragged into these degrading brawls and the principles -designated by the banner and name lost sight of. For these reasons and -on account of the limitations of the average human judgment, it is well -in dealing with church committees to discard all political names and -to ask only for permission to speak in behalf of human brotherhood, -social improvement or methods of helping the poor. The fact that human -brotherhood can only be realized by men through the establishment of -Democratic principles need not be told the committee, but had better -be reserved for the audience. The fact that justice is a mere dream, -intangible and unreal, unless, by political action on the part of the -many, the few who profit by injustice are deprived of their privileges -(or, in other words, until the Democratic program is carried out), -makes it eminently proper that church buildings be opened to our -speakers as often as possible. Of course, when the churches of a town -are controlled by scribes and Pharisees, as they were when Paul was -a volunteer speaker some centuries ago, unless some other building -can be had, we must follow Paul's example and make our rostrum in the -open street or field; but where the church buildings are controlled -by Christians instead of gold worshippers, by sincere men who desire -justice and brotherhood and to help the poor, then, however different -our prejudices, our personal likings or our superstitions may be, we -should grasp our newly acquainted brothers by the hand and arrange with -them for meetings in the church for the examination of methods whereby -religion can be made practicable and applied to human affairs. - -To the charitable who are really to be found here and there in the -village and agricultural churches, we must make plain that no amount -of teaching or preaching, applied internally or externally, can ever -benefit the poor, until organized society recognizes men's rights, -women's rights and children's rights as equal to money rights. -Buildings owned by Catholics, the different Protestant denominations, -by Jews, both reform and orthodox, and by free-thinking societies, -can all be secured for the promulgation of these moral truths, if our -workers will divest themselves of prejudices and don a tactful address. -The success of this plan lies altogether in the judgment, personality -and breadth of mind of the Volunteer who attempts the task. - -When you approach the trustee of a Methodist, Episcopalian, Catholic -or a Jewish church, remember that the building, the use of which you -ask, has been paid for by contributions given at a sacrifice by earnest -men and women, with minds turned towards the solemn and higher things -of life. However mixed with ignorance, superstitious fear or motives -of vanity, these buildings, in the smaller towns and agricultural -communities, are associated with thoughts above and separated from -personal controversies and material things and, if you can convince -those in control that you wish to present facts, views and ideas of a -helpful nature to the community, not incongruous with the teaching of -their faith, you will generally receive an affirmative answer. - - -LAY PREACHING. - -It is common in country districts for laymen, persons neither ordained -nor licensed as ministers, to speak from Christian pulpits at regular -church services. This custom should be utilized. A lecture in a church -building on a week night may attract the more studious or the more -curious of the community and supply them with rich materials for right -thinking; but a lay sermon to a regular congregation, backed by the -regular services and the presence of the minister, carries with it a -force and authority possible on no other occasion. A Volunteer, by -reciting, under such auspices, a simple story of the crimes against God -and humanity perpetrated by the money power, and describing feelingly -the effect of unnecessary poverty on the souls and characters of men, -will not only stir the congregation to a new sense of patriotic duty, -but will furnish material to the country minister enabling him to add -a new flavor to the food of his flock for months to come. In those -outlying districts where God has not been entirely superseded by gold -in the church, a large part of the educational work of our movement can -be accomplished in this way. - -The farmers compose a large part of our country's population and vote. -They still believe in healthful religion and its power to affect human -life. They can best be reached on Sunday and very often better through -the church than in any other way. The reason that the great cities have -not responded so quickly and so enthusiastically to our movement as the -country districts is that vice, crime and disease in the great cities -have, to a large extent, eaten away the capacity for appreciating -justice and brotherhood, and destroyed in a large class the fundamental -virtues of courage, manliness, patriotism and belief in the supremacy -of good. It is to the country, where these virtues are still fresh and -normal, that our movement must appeal principally. In the city there -are a thousand places of amusement and dissipation for every idle hour. -The boy coming from school or work, the mechanic after his day's labor -pass the open saloon, filled with music and merry-making, the theatre, -with its novelties, laughter and appeals to all the emotions, the -gambler's den, the game tables, the dives and a hundred other places, -always open, some positively and immediately hurtful to both health and -morals, others absorbing time, attention and vitality. - -In the country, however, work or study done, a man or boy has not so -many places of amusement. There is much more inducement than in the -city to attend some church entertainment, some healthful neighborhood -ball, and much more time and energy left for meetings at the school or -church for the discussion of social problems and questions of national -or class well-being. - -Thus the Volunteer who would teach farmers and villagers must accept -the church as one very promising field of work. - - -SUNDAY WORK. - -No day is more appropriate for effective work in behalf of human -brotherhood than Sunday. By common consent it has been set aside by -the majority of civilized races for serious thought, meditation and -worship, and what is more befitting this day than to think out, study -out and talk out the solution to the great problem of human justice and -brotherhood. To speak for the New Democracy on Sunday is no more than -to gather in the fruit of all the great religions that have come down -to us. The New Democracy is not religion and those who proclaim its -truths are neither preachers nor priests, but it is religion's highest -product. The great religions of the world, nurtured by God's hand and -growing out of the fertile and sympathetic souls of the men and women -of all climes and all centuries, have at last produced a practical -ideal capable of being realized in actual life. This product is the New -Democracy. It is the answer to the prayers of the ages. It is God's -gift granted in answer to the cries of suffering of injustice and -poverty throughout the world. It is God's method of redeeming society, -of saving our nation, now well-nigh unto death, from greed and sin. Let -each retain his attachment to his own sect and religion, but instead of -quarreling about sectarian differences, let us unite in realizing our -common dreams of brotherhood. Instead of building new walls to separate -us, let us make one platform so large that on it all earnest sons of -God can stand erect, confident of His presence. - -Centuries before Jesus Christ traversed the plains of Galilee and -bathed in the troubled waters of the Jordan, there was one Buddha who, -despising the superstitions of his time, gathered about him others -who, like him, believed that the larger part of human suffering was -unnecessary and could be extinguished by human agency. This band -traveled throughout the most populous districts of Western Asia -teaching the great truth that the object of life's endeavor should -be to lessen pain and to increase joy. Their one command was "cease -causing pain; do not kill or cause to suffer any man or animal." -And within two hundred years, from this little band and from this -one whole-hearted man, an enthusiasm for mercy and love and justice -overspread a third of the human race. Buddha's teachings were free from -the multitude of miserable superstitions that haunt the people who bear -his name to-day. His teachings, with those of Zoroaster, Confucius, -Mencius, Moses and Christ, in their purity, attempted primarily to -induce men to live as brothers, to teach men that individual good is -social good and that both duty and true happiness consist in devotion -to others--to the commonwealth. - -Some preachers, however, get so in the habit of prophesying that, when -their prophecies are fulfilled, they think it wicked and heretical to -believe it. They refuse to believe their own eyes when they see the -answer to their prayers. So deep-rooted has grown their habit of prayer -that the means has become an end. They ask no longer to get what they -ask for but for the exercise of asking, which they call pious. Their -prayers answered, they are astounded. Now that their prophecies are -fulfilled, they open their unbelieving eyes in wonderment and condemn -those who stop asking for what is already given. - - -DON'T ASK FOR WHAT YOU HAVE. - -Christ many times used the relation of a child to its father to -represent the relation of man to God. When a boy begs his father -for a sleigh and pony, and, after much pleading, the father grants -his request, the boy stops asking, accepts the gift with thanks and -proceeds to take a ride. If he were to continue on his knees pleading -for them after being told they were in the back yard subject to his -orders, we should call him a simpleton. What is the use of his saying, -"Oh, papa, please, dear papa, give me a pony and sleigh," when papa has -already given it and is anxious to see it driven past the house. If the -boy has any sense at all, upon first seeing his father drive his new -pony toward home, he will stop praying, take off his hat, throw it up -in the air, and hallo a "Hurrah for pop." He will jump into the sleigh, -go for his best girl, and not show up again till two o'clock in the -morning. - -For centuries the human race has longed and prayed and hoped for a time -when justice would be possible on earth, when the reign of brutality -would be superceded by the triumph of justice and brotherly love. -This desire, this deep yearning, has taken definite expression in the -ceremonials and prayers of all religions, and in the grand prayer given -us by Jesus Christ: - -"Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth as it is in Heaven." - -The soul of the universe has found expression in the Divine Hand that -guides the course of nations, and has answered the prayers of the -churches and the heroes and the saints. And that justice, which for -centuries has been an object of prayer, has become, for the first time -in history, a tangible, definite thing, capable of realization. What -we have asked for, God has made possible. Why now crawl longer in the -dust like worms beneath the feet of tyrants, when God bids us rise and -stand erect? Why continue to pray and plead for what God has already -placed within our reach? Tell the preachers to stop praying for this -gift, already ours, and accept it as God gave it. THIS SIMPLE ACT OF -ACCEPTING GOD'S ANSWER TO THE PRAYERS OF THE GOOD AND THE TRUE OF ALL -PAST CENTURIES, IS THE PROGRAM OF THE NEW DEMOCRACY. - -I ask father for a horse and sleigh. Now that he brings it to me, I -stop asking for it, and take a ride. We have prayed during centuries -for an era of justice. The New Democracy is the fulfillment of God's -prophecy. It is the greatest moral tidal wave that ever thrilled with -new life this old world of ours. It embodies the practical program by -means of which the Infinite Intelligence is leading humanity to its -inheritance. - - -HUMANITY'S SCOUTS HAVE FOUND THE WAY. - -A body of pioneers lose their way in the wilderness. After days of -weary trudging and hunger, they kneel and pray to God for guidance to -food and shelter. In the midst of their devotions, a scout returns and -rudely interrupts them, crying, "Get up, boys, stop your prayers; I -have found the main road, and we are only ten miles from town." What -should our pious travelers do? If they have an ounce of common sense, -they will jump to their feet, brush the dust from their trousers, and -follow their deliverer. Should we not call them insane, on the other -hand, if, accustomed to hunger and thirst, they had come to believe -prayer and privation the ends of life, and, if instead of rising up -and accepting God's answer to their prayers, they should continue to -grovel and pray on? - -After eighteen centuries of prayer and privation, of hunger and thirst, -the couriers and scouts of the human race have returned, and to their -kneeling, miserable brothers they cry aloud, "Arise, cease your prayers -for already they have been answered. We have found the road and the -promised land is near. Hunger and thirst are no longer necessary. Let -thanksgiving and praise to God now take the place of begging petitions -for that which He hath already granted us." - -As true religionists, is it our duty to say to these scouts, "Stop, you -infidels, you interfere with our devotion?" Such a policy is insanity. -These teachers are not infidels. They are not enemies of religion. -Otherwise God would not have revealed to them His plan for answering -the prayers of the millions and fulfilling the prophecies of past ages. - -We have been praying: "Lead us aright. Show us the way to realize -Heaven in this world." Humanity will now stop asking and accept, as -a child from its father, God's last and greatest gift. The weary -travelers of earth will see that the privations of centuries are no -longer necessary. They will stop pleading with Heaven for the manna to -be had by simply putting forth their palms. - - -PRISONERS OF THE BASTILE. - -For an explanation of the action of those poor, irrational creatures -who are so accustomed to privation and prayer that when relief comes -they only continue to pray, failing to recognize that their prayers -are answered, we can only point to the last poor inmates of the French -bastile. The most prominent and intellectual citizens of France, they -had been torn from their homes without a trial, thrown into dungeons -containing not a single ray of light, fed there on bread and water from -year to year until lonely and in torture their hair turned prematurely -white and their bodies withered. When, at the first stroke of that -most glorious of revolutions, the bastile doors were opened, and the -soldiers of the people broke down the huge iron gates and doors, crying -aloud in the name of liberty, "You are free, you are free, come out -long imprisoned brothers," the populace were astounded to find that -many of the poor, white-haired, white-bearded, pale-faced prisoners, -instead of walking out into the long-wished for sunlight, clutched the -walls of their cells, clung to their prison floors and cried in fear. -They had to be torn from their gloomy haunts by main force by their -rescuers. Their years of trouble, of darkness and gloom had destroyed -their power to enjoy the light of freedom. Many of the brightest -intellects of France had thus been dimmed. Their souls, once afire for -freedom, had burned out in despair. They had become maniacs. - -So now there are devotees of religion, so inured to the gloomy slavery -of poverty and injustice, so in the habit of praying for relief, that -when the bold servants of God strike down with their ready hammers -the prison walls, and freedom's air and sunlight stream in, these -poor souls are horrified, paralyzed by the very light and atmosphere -for which they have been praying. "Go away," they say, and, crying, -they clutch their cell walls refusing to be free. They, too, have -become maniacs. But the majority of the human race will not refuse -freedom's balmy breeze or the sunshine of liberty. At the call of the -New Democracy they will throw down their broken chains of poverty, leap -through their open prison doors, and cheer with might and main as the -majority of the prisoners of the bastile cheered a century ago when -they were given freedom's light. - - -THE COMMANDMENTS GROWN WITH THE WORLD. - -If men claim that we are to be forever satisfied with the commands, -"Thou shalt not steal," and "Thou shalt not kill," we will answer -that these commands have grown, and that under the banner of the New -Democracy we shall declare in thunder tones to all the world, "thou -shalt not be killed," "thou shalt not be robbed," and not only this -but also, "thou shalt not allow thy brethren to be killed," and, -"thou shalt not allow thy brethren to be robbed." These commands have -developed still further, so that the cry shall go up from sea to sea -that our present and past systems of thievery, robbery and murder shall -be swept away, that the teaching of the churches against thievery, -robbery and murder, through all the centuries, has borne fruit, and -that now, not only shall the poor, dependent teachers of abstract truth -proclaim between hymns and prayers, "thou shalt not steal," and "thou -shalt not kill," but that the whole people shall Join in one mighty -chorus, and declare that public thievery, robbery and murder must cease -from off the earth and that our social and political systems shall be -made to conform to the teachings of our religion. - -To those who oppose us in the name of religion, let our answer be, -"We do not fight the church; without the church and its teachings for -nineteen centuries, the New Democracy would have been impossible." The -New Democracy is an outgrowth of all religions. Religion has protected -and kept alive, through the barbarous past, the great moral truths that -we are now applying to actual life. Even if the church or any part of -the church or priesthood or ministry attempts to oppose us, we will -simply laugh with God at every futile effort to stem the flood, the -source of which is their own teaching through nineteen centuries. For -the church, or any part of it, to oppose or belittle or criticise the -New Democracy, is for the tree to disclaim its own fruit, for the -rivers to disown the sea, for the fountain to dry up its stream, for -the mother to cast aside her child. - -The founders and prophets of all the great religions taught the -principles of justice and brotherly love. The New Democracy makes -possible their realization. - -What nobler work can any man engage in on Sunday than the proclaiming -in open air or behind closed doors these eternal truths, or tell of the -new impulse that is fast taking hold of men to weave these truths into -the texture of our social institutions. - - - - -CHAPTER X. - -ONLY TWO PARTIES IN THE WORLD. - - -Another of the few foundation truths upon which the structure of the -world's present progress is being reared, a truth that cannot be too -often told nor too continuously urged, is that THERE ARE ONLY TWO -PARTIES IN THE WORLD. - -One party consists of those who, seeing wrong, try to end it; -seeing injustice, strive to abolish it; and, being told of possible -improvements, investigate and EXPERIMENT, hoping to attain them. - -The other party is made up of those who cannot see wrongs when -practiced upon others, who are blind to injustice for fear of the -unjust, and who, being told of possible improvements, antagonize their -instructors, in defense of the private interests of themselves or their -masters, that might by change be jeopardized. - -One party represents the cause of the people; the other the selfishness -of kings, nobles and plutocrats. - -The fight now is not simply a continuation of the old fight that -has been going on from ancient times, but is the world climax, the -end of the struggle. Those who produce and trade and teach, earning -their money by honorable exertion, are forming all along the line, -against those who are too lazy to work, too stupid or too proud -to trade or teach, but who wish to grow rich by acquiring other -people's property. The honest masses who believe in law, order and -progress, are approaching a decisive contest for permanent supremacy -with the dishonest classes who, in order to defend their systems of -plunder, utilize in their service the combined forces of ignorance, -superstition, toadyism, lawless cunning and the force of arms. - -If the lawless, irresponsible dictators of industry and commerce are -successful, then liberty, constitutional government and personal -security are at an end, civilization is derailed into an abyss, and -retrogression displaces progress through another age of barbarism. -Gold becomes the only God, and bayonets the only prod to duty. The -university, the press and the pulpit will all be made permanent -attachments to the one despotic machine which is to control every -source of communication and instruction, and stifle all thought and -aspiration that does not strengthen the ruling power. - -On the other hand, the people's victory will end class rule forever, -and gradually abolish all special privileges and monopolies by means -of which one man holds an unjust advantage over another. The people -holding the reins of power will apply the best talent, experience and -energy possessed by man to the establishment of justice, order and -public achievement. This is the situation confronting our country and -the world. It is the situation as it confronts every individual man. -The war is universal. There are no non-combatants. Everyone is affected -by the outcome. Each has the power to help decide the result. Whether -in compliance with or against our will, each of us must participate and -assist one side or the other. - -Which shall it be? The party of the people or the party of tyranny. -This question presents itself alike to the citizen of America and the -inhabitant of Europe. Since the historic people's victory at Chicago, -July 6, 1896, the people's party in America has taken the name "REGULAR -DEMOCRATIC." In Germany, France and England it is known as the "Social -Democracy;" in the Balkans and Asia Minor it is the "Greek;" and in the -West Indies, the "Cuban Army." - -When once the masses realize that the same class of adventurers, -tax-gatherers and oppressors of labor who in this country have gotten -absolute control of the Republican political machine, are the present -friends, the advisers and colleagues of the despots, plutocrats and -military leaders of Europe, that their families are intermarrying, -their interests being pooled, their cause becoming one, their interests -identical, all their plans and hopes one and inseparable, then will -it be impossible for designing demagogues to mislead or confuse them -further. When it becomes generally understood that the forces of -reaction throughout the world are one, then will the common people -come into closer union and bind themselves together as a unit. - -The union of those who profit by tyranny necessitates the union of -all who believe in liberty. The internationalism of millionaires is -creating an internationalism of the common people. The situation is -being so simplified that all may comprehend clearly the two forces -whose conflict extends over the modern world. All minor and secondary -divisions and issues are swallowed up. The international aspect of the -problem does not, as one might at first suppose, confuse the mind, -but, on the other hand, simplifies the issue so that none can mistake -concerning it. Old prejudices, reverence for party names, sectional -hatreds, sores left by historic feuds, religious differences and -affiliations with local political machines, in which self or friends -are interested selfishly, all tend to cover up the real issues, when -only the local end of the fight is studied. - -But, when we learn that the same class that induced the governments of -Europe and America to co-operate with Spanish murderers in starving, -killing and torturing tens of thousands of our patriotic brother -Americans in Cuba to protect the value of their Spanish bonds and -got these so-called Christian governments to assist the Turk, supply -him with arms and drill and general his soldiers for the massacre of -hundreds of thousands of defenseless Armenians and Greeks, to secure -the continued payment of interest on their Turkish bonds; that this -class is made up of the same individual bondholders who are gaining -control, through syndicates, of our American breweries, distilleries, -railroads, street car companies, gas companies and other manufacturing -and commercial institutions; that they are ever ready mercilessly and -barbarously, by murder or giant fraud, to advance their interests, -regardless of duty to humanity, country or to God, all of which they -deny; and, when we prove that this class now controls absolutely -the machinery of the Republican party in America, and is trying -again to control Democracy, the masses, in their fury against it -will, regardless of historic prejudices or past or local political -affiliations, unite in common defense of home and country to stamp it -out. - - -THE PARTY OF EXPERIMENT. - -Our enemies say ours is a party of EXPERIMENT. We admit it. No forward -step in the world's history, no achievement in science, art, literature -or politics has ever come but by EXPERIMENT. - -We are not, however, the only party of EXPERIMENT. The plutocrats, -who now control our country, also believe in EXPERIMENT, only their -experiments are in the direction of further despoiling the people -without adding to popular rage, and of tightening their grip upon our -property, our lives and liberties without inciting to rebellion. - -One man experiments with surgeon's knife upon the body of another, -chloroformed or a corpse. But suppose the chloroform ceases to act or -the corpse proves a case of suspended animation, rises up snatches -the surgical instrument, ties his tormentor to the couch and begins -to experiment on him. The EXPERIMENT in either case may be equally -beneficial to science, equally dangerous to the victim. But the -personal value of the EXPERIMENT to either of the principals depends, -in a large measure, upon WHETHER HE IS THE EXPERIMENTER OR THE MAN -EXPERIMENTED ON. - -The millionaires united are at present experimenting on the people. -The records of their discoveries are doubtless of great value to -political science but when the unfortunate public, heretofore thought -dead or safely hypnotized, arises and with ghastly alacrity, begins to -EXPERIMENT on its doctors, not only will science be equally benefited, -but the "corpse" will enjoy the operation hugely. - -This outcry on the part of the plutocrats against political -experimenting means simply that _they want to do all the experimenting -themselves_. - - -OUR ENEMIES ARE THE INNOVATORS. - -A family, sheltered for many years to their entire satisfaction by an -old homestead, that also protected their property, suddenly discovers -that their silverware is fast disappearing with many heirlooms, jewels -and valuable papers and pieces of furniture. They discuss a plan for -changing the locks and, with the aid of a skilled mechanic, make an -examination of every wall, floor, door and window with a view to a -general overhauling and repairs. A neighbor makes serious objection and -in a solemn manner appeals to his friends not to interfere with the -ancient landmarks nor lay an irreverent hand upon the old homestead, -that served their father so well and that sheltered them and protected -their property so long. His only object in thus warning his friend -against dangerous innovation being grateful reverence for which has -been so useful in the past. - -Supposing the owner to be possessed of common sense, his answer -will be: "Yes, my friend, the old homestead has served me and my -fathers well for a long period of years and I had never intended to -irreverently destroy it. But I have discovered that some stranger has -already laid an irreverent hand upon our home and broken the locks of -our doors and windows. We find that he has cut a hole in the floor -of our side closet and effected entrances through the roof and the -cellar window. The home which once protected us serves no longer as -a protection, because mutilated by an intruder. If the house still -protected us as it did our fathers we should be satisfied; but, since -others have changed it, we, in self-protection, must adapt ourselves -to the changed conditions. It is not the old house that protected our -fathers that we are changing, but the new house, the changed house, -the mutilated house--this it is that we wish to renovate and re-adapt, -so that it may again be made to serve us as did the old one. The same -outside framework, the same old flag-pole, brown front and corner stone -remain, but many of the foundation stones are gone, the strength of the -house, its power to serve and protect us have been taken away so that -we are in constant fear of its caving in upon us. Therefore, we shall -repair it thoroughly or else remove to another." - -Our government for many years served the people well. Its past is -sacred. It protected our fathers, made our lives and our fortunes -possible and we are tempted to give weight to the arguments of a -compatriot when he says to us: "Touch not the ancient landmarks; do not -lay irreverent hands on our government; do not seek to change its laws -or institutions; it has served us well and we should show our gratitude -by protecting it and by opposing innovation." - -In answer, however, we are forced to say that, although we have the -same flag-pole and flag, the same brown front and corner stone, an -enemy has for years been removing one foundation stone after another. -He has removed the vital parts from the locks of our doors and windows; -made entrances through the roof, the floor and cellar, so that our -silver is now disappearing, our jewels and our heirlooms are missing, -and our liberty, our lives and our property are in danger. - -WE ARE NOT THE INNOVATORS. WE ARE THE VICTIMS OF INNOVATION. We seek -to battle against the invaders who have mutilated our government and -would destroy us. We strive to make our government, of which now only -the shell remains, serve us as it served our forefathers, capable of -affording us that shelter and protection, which is the true function of -government, and which our forefathers intended we should have. - - -TWO GOVERNMENTS IN MORTAL COMBAT. - -We have two distinct governments in our country, whose interests are -antagonistic and irreconcilable. One government is the United States; -the other, the United Trusts and Syndicates. The former is democratic; -the other despotic. This inner-treasonable despotism controls our -industry, commerce and means of life and pleasure. It is using the -United States government as a machine to enforce its decrees and extend -its dominion, hoping soon to abolish the last vestige of popular rule. -It is world-wide in its extent, and only uses local and national -governments as means of power. - -The United States enacts laws openly. The United trusts and syndicates -enacts laws secretly. Disobedience to our state laws is punished only -after a public trial, but the merchant who breaks a trust law is ruined -without a trial, the laborer who ignores it is secretly blacklisted; -the minister who defies it is forced out of the church, and the lawyer -disregarding it loses his profitable practice. The nation enacts a law -and the trust officers laugh at it so far as it applies to them, and -then, by gaining control of the law-enforcing power, use this law as an -additional club in the subjugation of their victims. - -When the people attempt to defeat a new aggression on the part of the -trusts by carrying out the plan of some renowned thinker, known to be -uninfluenced by special interests, the emissaries of the trusts scatter -the people by crying: "EXPERIMENT." "An untried and Utopian scheme," -"Innovators." While the patriots argue as to whether their plan is -really an EXPERIMENT, the enemy captures a new position. - -The United Trusts and Syndicates, by experimenting constantly and -pushing forward all along the line and at the same time by convincing -the United States not to EXPERIMENT, succeeds in approaching the -same relation to its rival government that a live ant sustains to -a dead worm. By incessant and fearless activity, and by using our -constitution, traditions and flag as a blind, this irresponsible -despotism is fast nearing the time when it hopes to throw off its mask -and publicly usurp supreme power. Not a day passes but these organized -conspirators try some new EXPERIMENT, attempt some new aggression never -dared before, attack some nearer outpost of the people's liberties -heretofore thought impregnable. - -Often these EXPERIMENTS fail. The people are sometimes bull-headed, and -repulse the attack with loss to the United Trusts and Syndicates. But -failing once, twice or a hundred times, do they cease to EXPERIMENT? -Even though they lose millions in attempting some audacious act, do -they therefore refuse to attempt another act equally bold? Never. -They see clearly that all enterprise, all progress, all victory, all -increase in power and dominion, result only from repeated EXPERIMENTS. -The boldest of all EXPERIMENTS was the hatching of the conspiracy that -gave their present organization birth. EXPERIMENT gave them all they -have. They live and grow by it. To stop EXPERIMENT is to stop action, -for the modern world is a new world and in it there are no tried and -beaten paths. The floods and glaciers of innovation have carried away -the ancient landmarks, and by raising new barriers and structures -largely shut off from all progressive peoples, even the kindly rays -from the lamp of experience. Not agitators, but science and invention, -have pushed us away from the ancient world, with its well-worn roads -and lighthouses, and where we walk now human feet never trod before. -The light from our foreheads is our only lamp, and eternal truth our -only guide, prefer to EXPERIMENT, OR TO BE EXPERIMENTED ON; TO BE THE -SURGEON, OR THE CORPSE. - -The Democratic party in power in 1900 controlled by the common people -will, without doubt, EXPERIMENT boldly. It will lead our government -into new and untried ways, as our enemies very clearly and very -truthfully predict. It will, without doubt, commit blunders and make -mistakes. The one thing that above all and in spite of all it is -pledged to do, is to arouse the United States government from its -paralysis, stupor and corpse-like state of being experimented on, and -declare that whatever the EXPERIMENTS of the future, instead of being -made ON THE UNITED STATES, THEY SHALL BE MADE BY THE UNITED STATES. - -The important question for the citizens of the United States to answer -is simply this: Do you prefer to EXPERIMENT, or to be experimented on; -to be the surgeon, or the corpse? - -When the victimized people declare their independence, through their -own government, of the despotism of the trusts, it will necessarily be -an EXPERIMENT. - -Every time General Grant ordered an attack on the forces defending -negro slavery, he tried an EXPERIMENT. Never could he tell exactly -what the result would be. There might be more dead Union men than -Confederates, or there might possibly be more dead Confederates than -Union men. The one thing of which he was certain, however, was that -his duty consisted in going ahead, and, when defeated, he gathered his -troops together and tried again. He knew that, if followed long enough, -his plan would crush the Confederacy. - -So each attack on the white slave power to-day is an EXPERIMENT. We -cannot at any time foretell the immediate result. An attack on a -special monopoly may fail. Many times we may be repulsed with loss, -but by constantly renewing the attack and continuing to press forward -we shall eventually triumph. During the late war, the southern states -defended black slavery. They lost. Black slavery was abolished. To-day, -the southern states, dominated by the common people, have espoused the -cause of liberty and to the oppressors of the North and East they say, -"White slavery also must be destroyed." - -Both parties are parties of EXPERIMENT. The only difference is that we -avow ours openly and write them in our platform, while the experiments -and aggressions of the Republican party are planned in secret and -executed in dark corners where only traitors and adventurers are -allowed admittance. - -To hesitate and refuse to EXPERIMENT is to tie our hands and remain -inactive, while our enemies harass us, rob us, and assault us from -all directions. It is as important to weaken the enemy as it is to -strengthen your own forces. Therefore, when by an extensive literature -the money-power instill in the people a horror of EXPERIMENT, they -palsy their limbs and incapacitate them for defense. - -Therefore, the Democratic Volunteers will frankly admit the charge -that they favor EXPERIMENT and will boldly proclaim that EXPERIMENT is -one of the foundation stones of their creed. By ceaseless and tireless -repetition in every community of our nation we will ask the people -to begin to EXPERIMENT on their own account, instead of permitting -EXPERIMENT to longer remain a monopoly in the hands of those who -continually decry it. We will ask them to decide whether they will -longer remain objects of EXPERIMENT, or, by government action, begin to -EXPERIMENT on their persecutors. - - - - -CHAPTER XI. - -WITNESSES FOR PLUTOCRACY DISCREDITED.[8] - - [8] For part of this chapter credit is due to Carl Vrooman. - - -When the nature of the present world conflict is understood, those who -favor the people's cause will cease to receive any further instruction -or advice whatever from their enemies or the allies or agents of their -enemies. - -If America declared open war upon Britain should we put the slightest -confidence in any statement, emanating from English sources as to the -best line of attack? And, if a coterie of young Britishers were to -enter our camp and advise our soldiers to open fire in a northward -direction, should we not rather suspect an attack from the enemy on the -south? Is it not a rule in war always to fire in the direction opposite -to that advised by your enemies? In all business and other practical -affairs of life is it not universally recognized as the extreme of -folly to accept as facts the statements of those who may profit by our -discomfiture? - -Most assuredly! And it is time for the merchants and workingmen of -America to apply to their political struggle these simple maxims so -well established elsewhere. - - -WORTHLESS TESTIMONY. - -Imagine a courtroom filled with spectators and a group of culprits -being tried for wholesale theft. The strongest evidence has been -produced by both the prosecution and defense and the result is in -doubt. Anxious crowds are waiting in suspense for some decisive stroke -that shall give an advantage to one side or the other. The counsel for -the defense arises and plays his last card by an eloquent appeal in -behalf of the prisoners, basing his plea entirely on the superiority of -his witnesses. He shows that they stand much higher in the community -than the witnesses for the prosecution, who are poor, untutored -countrymen. "My witnesses," says he, "include the leading men in -your community--your parson, the principal of your high school, and -the editor of your paper. Yours are mere yahoos and ignoramuses, not -capable of exercising judgment in such a case as this." A murmur of -assent passes around the room. There is a cheer of confirmation, and -the jurors nod their heads significantly. - -The prosecuting attorney, instead of making a speech, plays his last -card by taking the jury to the stable, where they discover that the -horse on which the teacher rode to court is one of those stolen from -Farmer Hayseed's stable, and further he proves that the suit of clothes -worn by the parson on the witness stand was made of the very piece of -woolen goods taken from the country storekeeper, and that the coins -that fill the purse of the respected editor are the same identical -marked coins accumulated by Widow Jones for her old age and taken from -her money drawer on the night of the crime in question. No speeches, no -arguments are necessary after this. The jurors purge their memories of -the testimony for the defense, and the culprits are sent to prison. - -In the great case of "The People versus Monopoly," now being tried -at the bar of Public Opinion, the defense, beaten upon every other -point, bases its last plea upon the superiority of its witnesses. It is -claimed that the authorities on finance, the press and the pulpit are -witnesses in defense of Monopoly. We acknowledge this, and in answer -wish only to take the jury, who are to decide this case, to the homes -of these witnesses, where they can see for themselves that they are -sharers in the plunder that has been taken from the plaintiffs. - - -THE PRESS. - -The first important witness in behalf of the defense is the great -metropolitan press, the peculiar and special product of the dying years -of the present century. - -Now, the modern newspaper is a corporation, formed for the one purpose -of paying dividends to stockholders. In order to make money it must -serve the people who have money, for now all the profits of the great -dailies are derived from the sale of space in their columns, the -receipts for the sale of papers not covering expenses. The business -manager, with a few exceptions, controls the editorial department and -dictates all policies. So we poor wayfarers, hungry for information -concerning some important interest, seize upon a learned editorial in -a great metropolitan daily, and while we think we are being instructed -by the weighty opinion of some friendly and scholarly writer, we are -in fact reading THE PAID ADVERTISEMENT of our enemies, placed in the -paper to confuse us. When, in the news department, we read a speech or -an interview, it is often so garbled that the meaning is quite changed. -And what we consider to be a simple statement of fact is often a -doctored narrative, containing fictitious figures, and printed for the -sole purpose of misleading the public. - -The attempt of the gold press to array the agricultural producers -against the city laborers, and the mechanics against the agriculturists -is cruel and deliberate. And this power to deceive and mislead carries -with it the power of life or death. - -Suppose I were to go to Mr. Jones and tell him that Mr. Smith had -declared to me that he was going to shoot him on sight, and that I had -seen him purchase a revolver for that purpose; and then I should go to -Mr. Smith and tell him that his friend Jones had just armed himself to -the teeth for the purpose of killing him, stating that I had heard him -swear and curse and declare before heaven that Smith should not live -another day. Now, suppose these two neighbors, heretofore warm friends, -were to approach each other, and Smith, as a precaution, would reach -his hand toward his hip-pocket, and Jones, in order to save his life, -would pull out his weapon and fire, both men shooting each other at the -same time. - -The result would be TWO DEAD FOOLS, the victims of ONE LIVE LIAR. - -The power to deceive great masses of people by simultaneous and -premeditated conspiracy on the part of the papers owned by monopoly, -carries with it the power to weaken the masses by dividing them in a -struggle over false issues; and while they fight among themselves, to -rob them and legislate their children into slavery. - -Here are the words of the great journalist, John Swinton, before the -New York Press Association, in response to a toast, "The Independent -Press:" - - "There is no such thing in America as an independent Press, unless - it is in the country towns. You know it and I know it. There is - not one of you who dare express an honest opinion; if you express - it, you know beforehand that it would never appear in print. I am - paid one hundred and fifty dollars a week for keeping my honest - opinions out of the paper I am connected with. Others of you are - paid similar salaries for similar things. If I should permit honest - opinions to be printed in one issue of my paper, like Othello, - before twenty-four hours my occupation would be gone. Any man who - would be so foolish as to write honest opinions would be out on - the street hunting for another job. The business of the New York - journalist is to destroy the truth, to lie outright, to pervert, to - vilify, to fawn at the feet of Mammon, and to sell his country and - race for his daily bread, or for about the same thing--his salary. - You know this, and I know it; and what foolery to be toasting an - 'Independent Press.' We are tools and the vassals of rich men - behind the scenes. We are jumping jacks; they pull the strings and - we dance. Our time, our talents, our lives, our possibilities, all - are property of other men. We are intellectual prostitutes." - -In the case of "The American People versus the Banks and Trusts," we -have found, by personal examination, as also by the confession of a -member of the family, John Swinton, that the money which inflates the -purse of the prominent editorial witness consists of the marked coins -that made up a portion of the booty in question. No sane juror will -believe the testimony of such a witness. - - -CLERGY NEEDS SYMPATHY, NOT BLAME. - -It is also claimed that God's ministry has offered its testimony in -behalf of the defense. It is not my purpose to say anything against the -clergy, because if there is an abused and ill-treated class of men on -the face of the earth to-day, who need pity and prayer and succor, it -is the men who have dedicated their lives to the Christ who was killed -by the rich of His time, and who are now dependent for their living, -their children's food and their wives' clothing, upon the blended piety -and pride, the virtues and vanities of the rich of to-day. - -In all that inconsistent barbarism, which we call civilization, there -is no man who needs sympathy so much and deserves blame so little as -he who is attempting at the same time to preach for God and to get -his living from God's enemies, to build monuments to the Christ who -lived and died for the poor, and gain the material and cost of these -monuments by flattering those who are grinding the faces of the poor. - -Many clergymen have told me how their hearts have bled for the victims -of social injustice; how in anguish they have wept over the piteous -cries for help uttered by their dying brothers and sisters in Jesus -Christ; how, bursting with indignation, they have longed to strike a -blow against the brutality that crushes Christ's little ones in order -to grind from their bones and blood colossal and unnatural fortunes. -But they said, "We must conceal our tears and swallow our indignation, -though it chokes us. We dare not speak out--we could neither destroy -the tyrant nor save the victims. We would only succeed in dragging down -our own wives and little ones into that dark stream of poverty, from -which those who have once fallen in can never hope to rise. First of -all, we must live--and then do what little we can to temper the reign -of injustice and oppression. The overthrow and destruction of this -system of injustice rests upon the shoulders of God and the common -people." - -I would ask the workmen of the country who are rapidly leaving the -churches not to judge the clergy harshly, because the majority are dumb -in your behalf and because a few openly and blatantly champion the -cause of the oppressors. - -But I must also ask you to place no confidence in their testimony in -this political trial, for their lips often utter words their hearts -fain would withhold, and they often pray for success to the banner for -which they cannot fight. - -Let us not condemn them because they are bound with chains of -dependence, but let us rather include them among those whom we shall -liberate when we establish a POLITICAL SYSTEM WHICH SHALL SET ALL MEN -FREE. - -In the case of "The American People versus the Money Lending and -Bondholding Class," we find that the long, flowing garb of the -ministerial witness, that at first inspired our confidence in his -testimony, because of the holy office it suggested, is made of the -very cloth, a part of the plunder, the disapperance of which is the -basis of the present trial. The testimony of such a witness, cajoled, -terrorized, and a sharer in the booty taken, is also without value. - - -THE TESTIMONY OF THE COLLEGE AUTHORITIES. - -Now, as to the college professors: From the earliest times down to -the present day, learning has been fostered, patronized and supported -by wealth. The kings and nobility of various times and nations, too -stupid or lazy to acquire distinction in the field of scholarship -themselves, have vied with each other in gathering around them the -greatest scholars, musicians, poets and minstrels, as well as the -greatest athletes, the most beautiful and voluptuous women, the fastest -horses, and the most interesting curios of every description. Some -of the patrons of learning and art have been really serious in their -devotion to the beautiful and true. It is, perhaps, one of the greatest -encomiums that we can pronounce upon the wealth of the world, that in -all ages it has supported learning as the stalk supports the flower. -This condition of affairs has not existed, however, without causing an -undesirable dependence on the part of the beneficiaries. - -Who has passed through the great art galleries of the Louvre at Paris, -and beheld the acres of canvas, covered with the work of the immortal -Rubens, without being filled with anger and disgust as he thought -of the genius and years of toil which, instead of being devoted to -conceiving and executing new masterpieces to delight and inspire all -future ages, were applied to daubing the vain and cruel countenance and -the unattractive person of the patroness who gave him his bread? - -The first and greatest universities in this land were founded, have -been built up, and are at present supported by the bequests and -donations, the gratuitous contributions of the rich. The vast undying -benefits that have flowed from this wealth, which have been devoted to -learning, ancient and modern, cannot easily be overestimated. What the -world would have been without the enlightenment which has come from -this source it is not easy to imagine. We should hold in high esteem -the solitary student who, in past ages and to-day, gropes his silent, -difficult way towards those hidden truths in science, in history or in -art which will one day enlighten and beautify the world. We should be -lovers of all that is beautiful, and all that is true, and all that is -lovable in this great world of ours. Music, painting and sculpture, -the sciences, literature and history, should be to all sources both -of inspiration and of light. With all our hearts let us welcome these -products of man's talent and genius. - -The historian is the hinge linking the present to the past. His -office is not only a useful, but a sacred one. Scholarship is like -womanhood--one of the most holy and sacred things in the world. But, -like womanhood, when prostituted, it becomes the most debased. He who -muddies with error and personal prejudice the fountain of pure truth -is an enemy to his race. But let us not attempt to blame nor censure -individuals. We know that wealth has been the friend of learning; that -in all times past those who have devoted their time to the pursuit of -truth or beauty have been dependent upon the support of the rich and -powerful. You say that if wealth has been the friend of learning, it is -only natural that learning should be the friend of wealth. Yes, this is -exactly the fact in the case. Learning is the friend of wealth for two -reasons: One, because she feels grateful for past favors; the other, -and greater, because she is hopeful for favors to come. - -It is well known in educational circles that any college found -propagating "heresies" like "free silver" or "government ownership of -the railroads"--in other words, any institution which does not distort -and curtail its teachings so as to bias the student in favor of the -single gold standard and the eternal reign of monopoly--will be cut off -without a dollar by plutocracy and doomed to a future of comparative -impotence and uselessness for lack of funds. - - -THE RESULT. - -What is the result? The president of a large private university, -knowing that his reputation for success or failure depends upon -the growth of his university as compared with that of neighboring -universities, continually trims his sails to secure favors of those who -have money to dispense. It is a common thing for a college president -to make what he calls a "begging tour." He endeavors to show to those -who are supposed to have money to bestow that his university is in -great need, and can make the best possible use of "sound" money in -propagating "sound ideas." - -A good illustration of this is the tour which Brooker Washington, the -famous colored orator, the President of the Tuskegee Institute, made in -1896, through the North and East. He is a man of intellectual power. He -is, no doubt, thoroughly devoted to the enlightenment of his race; but -the way he flatters and cajoles the rich, advocates the gold standard, -overlooks and keeps silent about their corruption and crimes, and -assents to their plans for further aggrandizement, is a lesson which -every patriot can study with profit. He has become a pet and fad among -the wealthy classes of New York and New England. Even Harvard in 1896 -conferred upon him an honorary degree. He has doubtless gotten heavy -endowments for his college, but he has had to fawn and flatter and -stultify his manhood to do it. And he has given a striking example of -what almost every college president must do to a greater or less extent. - -The fact is, that PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES, DEPENDING AS THEY DO UPON THE -CHARITY AND CONSCIENCE MONEY OF THE RICH FOR SUPPORT AND GROWTH, LIKE -ALL THOSE WHO LIVE BY CHARITY, HAVE ACQUIRED THE FAWNING SPIRIT OF -SERVITUDE AND DEPENDENCE, AND FAITHFULLY LICK THE HAND THAT FEEDS THEM. -"Verily the ox knoweth his master's crib." - -Many college presidents dare not use any but "orthodox" gold standard -text-books, and professors who dissent from the views of these books -are forced to swallow their own opinions and propagate error. - -Many of "our great authorities" are mere sycophants of wealth, -creatures of the millionaire, placed by him in the same category as his -musician, his ballet dancer or chaplain, all valuable dependents. The -money lord of creation often builds the college (Chicago University, -for example), places the poor book-worm in the position that makes him -a "recognized authority," and the "authority" must dish up statistics -as a cook dishes up his delicacies to suit the taste of his master. If -he refuses he loses his job, and is no longer a "recognized authority." - -Young men are not only taught in many instances that the rights of -monopoly and money are more sacred than the rights of men and women, -but are shown frequently that if they want to make a success in life, -and be an honor to their family and their college they must ally -themselves with the powerful corporations and trusts and keep their -skirts clear of all popular and reform movements. - -The recent action of the Yale students who brutally attempted to insult -the honored guest of their city, Mr. Wm. J. Bryan, is not without -significance. - -The authorities and the respectable element among the students were no -doubt, deeply humiliated by such a disgrace. Yet it is fairly plain -that the dogmatic, uncharitable and violent opposition to Free Silver -indulged in by the professors, has contributed its part toward causing -this exhibition of anarchy and puppyism. - -There is a wide distinction however, between professors and professors. - -There are numerous truly great men who are aristocrats at heart, who -love luxury and culture and refinement, whose friends are principally -among the rich, whose sympathies are with the rich, and whose interests -in life are bound up with the prosperity of the wealthy classes. These -men oppose popular rights as conscientiously as did the old Feudal -Lords. They all oppose the New Democracy. - -There are many others--men of splendid intellect, but utterly without -principle--who are mere dishonest, mercenary tools of the highest -bidder, willing to distort and manufacture history, tamper with -statistics, and lie like "shyster lawyers." - -As, for instance, the learned professor of the Chicago University, who -declared with brazen effrontery that whatever might be charged against -Mr. Rockefeller of the Standard Oil Trust, no one could say that he -had accumulated his millions in any way that interfered with the -accumulations of others.[9] - - [9] See detailed account of the lawless Anarchistic methods - used by Standard Oil Trust to destroy competitors in "Wealth - Against Commonwealth" by H. D. Lloyd. - -Again there are a few university "authorities" who, at the risk of -their living and the success of the institutions they represent, -have told the truth fearlessly. They oppose monopoly and the gold -standard. But their testimony is buried beneath the overwhelming mass -of prejudice, sophistry and misinformation supplied by their colleagues. - -Very distinct from any of these classes is that swarm of cowardly -pusillanimous book-worms, who, as underlings in the large universities, -and as full-fledged professors in the small colleges, retail at -second-hand with stupid pertinacity and pig-headed bitterness, all -the errors of the "authorities," together with new ones of their own -special brew. - -It is by the prejudiced and purchased testimony of such men as these -that the monopolies of the country try to prove that empty stomachs -are full, bare backs clothed, and that a constantly growing and -appreciating dollar is an honest one. It is with such untrustworthy -witnesses that they attempt to prove to us that the men who have stolen -our property are more honest than we. - -The teacher witness for the defense may be more "respectable and -learned" than the witnesses of the prosecution, but when we see that -the universities are built and professors' salaries paid from the -booty wrung from the people--in other words, "that the teacher rides to -court on one of the very horses taken from Farmer Hayseed's stable" it -does not take us long to decide that this testimony is misleading and -false. - -Therefore, the workmen, merchants and tax-payers who compose the jury, -which is to hand in its verdict in 1900, must refuse to consider the -testimony of these collegiate, pulpit and editorial witnesses, who are -proven to be sharers in the tribute forced from the people by that -gigantic and almost sublime system of world exploitation carried on -scientifically and persistently by those powerful "trusts" which have -cornered the world's gold and monopolized nearly every necessity and -comfort of life. - -The pivotal point in this campaign is the question of the reliability -of witnesses. Not only do opinions differ, but the history, statistics, -and facts, advanced by the defenders of monopoly and the gold standard -contradict the history, statistics and facts discovered by the -champions of the people. There can be only one truthful history of -the crime of seventy-three, and the seventy-three other crimes of -the shirkers against the workers. Figures do not lie. Only one set -of statistics, as to the rise in the value of the gold dollar, can -possibly be correct. Facts do not conflict. When men contradict each -other upon a question of fact, one side is wrong. - -Whose history and statistics are we to believe in this campaign? - -Are we to believe the interested, prejudiced, purchased witnesses of -corrupt wealth, or are we to believe the testimony of the witnesses of -the people--men who have sacrificed and suffered in order to tell the -truth. - -It is because the classes who have the advantages of culture and -leisure, always care more for their own comforts than for truth and -justice, that these problems, my reader, must be worked out, by the -millions made of the same identical common mud that you and I are. - -As William E. Gladstone has said, all the reforms brought about in -England during the last century, and of which all her citizens now -boast, "were at first merely impossible ideals in the minds of the -ignorant and fanatical poor," and were carried through by the working -people "in opposition to the cultured and leisure class." - -It is because those who possess the power and the learning to lead -mankind aright have always proven recreant to the trust imposed -upon them, that God, in directing the course of human history, has -invariably swept this class aside and accepted as His instruments -the poor, the simple-minded and uncorrupted. From the birth of the -primitive church among the poor fishermen of Galilee to the abolition -of chattel slavery by an agitation instituted by social and political -outcasts, the hand of God moving in the world has invariably brushed -aside the rich and powerful with the intellectual parasites that swarm -about them, and in building nations, religions, or instituting great -reforms, has uniformly chosen the normal, healthy material at the base -of society still uncorrupted by luxury. - - - - -CHAPTER XII. - -VOTE YOURSELVES RICH. - - -Those who have been voted rich, not by their own votes, but by our -votes, the votes of the common people, are now engaged in proving to us -THAT WHAT WE HAVE ALREADY DONE FOR THEM WE CAN BY NO POSSIBLE MEANS DO -FOR OURSELVES. - -Having accumulated immense fortunes by means of vote enacted -legislation, THEY PREACH TO US THE UTTER FOLLY OF OUR HOPING FOR ANY -GAIN FROM THE SAME SOURCE. - -So interested are they in our proper economic education, that they are -willing to supply both text-books and teachers. They love learning and -from purely philanthropic motives seek to make us wise. - -But what is their wisdom so willingly imparted? From what follies are -they so anxious to guard us? - -TO VOTE OUR ENEMIES RICH: THIS IS WISDOM. - -TO ATTEMPT TO VOTE OURSELVES RICH: DANGEROUS FOLLY. - -Their science teaches that IT IS IMPOSSIBLE FOR THE INSTRUMENT WHICH IS -THE SOURCE OF THEIR WEALTH TO BE OF ANY EFFECT IN BEHALF OF THOSE WHO -WIELD THE INSTRUMENT. - -Text-book in hand they say to the people, "It is impossible for you to -vote yourselves rich." - -Strictly speaking, it is unnecessary for the people to "vote themselves -rich." WE, THE PEOPLE, ARE ALREADY RICH. We are rich by the gift of -nature and the will of God. Each scientific discovery and invention, -wrung by toil, genius and martyrdom from the strange earth and -firmament that greeted primeval man, has added to our riches. We are -now rich, but are debarred by force from the possession of our own. We -are heirs, not only to the riches of the earth as originally created, -but to all those opportunities for utilizing these natural treasures, -resulting from the accumulated knowledge and skill of the centuries. -But we are kept from our inheritance. - -We have been deprived of our wealth by vote-enacted legislation, and it -is vote-enacted legislation that will again give us possession. - -Our enemies say contemptuously that government can no more increase -wages by legislation than it can increase the size of your foot or -the length of your arm, for the increase or decrease in both cases is -governed wholly by natural law. - -"Let the poor," they say, "stop agitating and hoping to become -prosperous through legislation, and instead let every man go to work -building his own home and fortune, and all will be well." - -"The Government cannot legislate a single dollar into existence." - -"The remedies for poverty are industry, frugality and temperance." - -These are the things they say. But suppose we watch their acts instead -of listening to their words. Then we learn that, while for us they -point in one direction to the road that leads to fortune they seek this -road themselves by going the opposite way. We, who have followed their -advice, have been impoverished; they, who imitated their acts, have -been enriched. - - -POTATOES AND POLITICAL ECONOMY. - -I ride to market with a load of potatoes, the result of sweat and labor -for half a year. A ruffian knocks me off my wagon, takes my seat and -drives away. - -Questions: Shall I ask a policeman to help me catch the despoiler, -or shall I "cease agitating and go to work?" Shall I arm myself and, -with the help of friends, take back my own, or shall I return to the -farm and "practice industry, frugality and temperance?" Is it nobler, -manlier, more courageous of me to get possession of my potatoes by -fighting, or, forsaking them, to go to work and raise another crop for -the next thief? - -Honest and contented labor under these circumstances is dishonorable. - -WHEN A MAN IS ROBBED, THE WAY FOR HIM TO GET MONEY IS NOT TO WORK FOR -IT BUT TO FIGHT FOR IT. To tell a man that he cannot possibly make any -money by talking nor get any potatoes by agitating police officers -is absolutely true, PROVIDED, the man has been loafing all year and -has not been robbed of his crop. But these demonstrations of the -economists go into the waste basket, when the fact is made plain that -the man, seeking by government aid to get potatoes, has already earned -them by hard labor, but is deprived of them by the criminal act of -another. Under such circumstances, the man who, instead of fighting and -pursuing, applies himself to honest toil, is a coward. - -Men who, wrongfully deprived of their property, go to work to earn -more, thus providing additional booty for their despoilers, are -unworthy a better fate. Honor impels a true man to fight, not work, -when a wrong is suffered either by himself or friends. - -To quietly plow while another eats the result of last year's plowing, -to contentedly plant while another reaps, to submissively bow one's -head beneath a yoke and receive the kicks and jeers and sneers of the -drivers, are not the acts of a man nor the duties of a citizen, but the -follies of an ass. When a true man, after gathering his harvest, sees -his product taken by another, he mounts his horse, before planting -again, and with pitchfork, shotgun or other efficient weapon, starts in -hot pursuit. He seeks to recover last year's product before trying to -raise another crop. - -Therefore, when government-made millionaires try to persuade the -working people, small tax-payers and business men to stop meddling with -politics and instead to work harder in the hope of laying by something -for old age, they really desire them to cease defending their property -and to continue creating more for others to enjoy. - -The learned professor teaches that "the government cannot legislate -into being a single dollar, nor a dollar's worth of wealth." From this -premise, he reasons that a dollar legislated into one man's pocket -must necessarily be legislated out of another man's pocket. He then -concludes that the poor cannot legislate themselves comfortable without -to the extent of their gain depriving another class of their earnings. - -If my neighbor accompanied me to market with a load of potatoes and -I were to ask a policeman to help me take his load from him, the -economists' words would apply. The government, through its agent, the -policeman, could not double my wealth without robbing my neighbor. But -this is not the situation. I came alone. A stranger assaulted me and -took both wagon and potatoes, leaving me very poor. Now, in spite of -the professor's words, the state, in the person of its officer, can -abolish my poverty and give me a wagon filled with potatoes without -doing injustice to any one else. I can be made happy without depriving -any other being of what he has earned, and I do not ask the state -to legislate into existence a single potato. I simply ask that the -potatoes already existing as the result of my labor be taken from the -highwayman and returned to their rightful owner. - -This is what the masses ask. Not that the government give them anything -produced by others, not that the government attempt to create anything -independent of the labor of its citizens, but that it return to them -their own. We demand the capture of the highwayman, monopoly, and that -the opportunities taken from us by him be restored to us.[10] - - [10] When a monopoly becomes a government monopoly, its nature - changes entirely, and all that was objectionable disappears. - The evil pertaining to a monopoly is its exclusiveness. When - private monopoly becomes government monopoly, it is no longer - exclusive, for the whole people enjoy its benefits alike. - Unity of administration is not an evil if the resulting - benefits are shared by all. The only possible way to destroy - the great monopolies is to convert them into government - functions, and administer them as the post office, the army, - navy, weather service, the public schools and parks are now - managed. There is no other way to destroy our new industrial - despotism. - - Read "Socialism and Social Reform," by Prof. R. T. Ely; also - "Wealth against Commonwealth," by H. D. Lloyd. - -We not only demand but we are actually organizing for the pursuit. The -Democratic Volunteers are superintending the preliminaries and in 1900 -law and order are to be established, the adventurers suppressed, and -restoration made. The issuance of the nation's money, now a private -monopoly, controlled by bankers, will again be made a function of -government, and the people will be permitted to exchange their products -without paying revenue to their enemies for the means of exchange, -which is their own creation. Other wrongs will be righted with equal -facility. - -Each victim, however, must be taught that his vote is both horse and -hound for pursuing, and both gun and rope for punishing and reclaiming. -Our vote is our one weapon, our one means of defense, and source of -power. - -The value of legislative control to our enemies is shown by the -desperation with which they oppose any effort on the part of the people -to recover it. They know it to be the true creator of their fortunes, -and they look to it alone for future "fruits of labor" and "rewards of -genius." - -We are rich, but we have been ousted from our patrimony. How shall -we recover it? By the same means through which we lost it, namely, -legislation. The oppressions that curse man are all entrenched in, -and owe their power to, legislation. If we are to be freed from them, -it will be by legislation. In primitive times, government was openly, -frankly exercised for the enrichment of a class at the expense of the -mass. For ages the "right divine" was believed in honestly. Later when -its justice was denied, its benefits were seen to be too valuable to be -relinquished. So duplicity was employed, and the art of "plucking the -goose without making it squeal" was invented. - -Money-making heretofore has not been so much a function of government -as money-taking, and this function can be made to work one way as well -as another. - -If thieves by government action can despoil honest men, honest men by -government action can despoil thieves. - -If legislation has been made the instrument of crime, it also can be -made the instrument of restoration. No personal temperance, thrift and -industry can enrich men so long as the power to legislate rests in -other hands. Labor makes wealth but legislation decrees how it shall -be divided. When the people legislate directly and intelligently the -division will be in accord with justice. By the ballot we can enter -upon our inheritance. - -Poverty exists and we are told that it is the natural order, with which -legislation has nothing to do. There has been told no more transparent -lie. Wealth is created by the union of man's labor with nature's gifts. -What is it but legislation that keeps apart in unnatural divorce these -two that God hath joined together? What but legislation can remove the -barriers and allow them again to come together? - -Legislation CAN make money; so lavishly that no man need want. How? By -making conditions favorable to labor, and securing the laborer in the -fruit of his toil. - - -WE CAN ACTUALLY VOTE RICHES INTO EXISTENCE. - -Our instructors say, "Government cannot legislate a single dollar into -existence." Let us see. - -While riding to market with a crop of potatoes, I am dispossessed. -In the struggle a portion of the crop is injured. The highwayman, in -escaping, lames the horses by overdriving. Instead of going to work the -next day, in company with an officer, I start in pursuit. The robber, -alert, removes to another state at an expense of half his booty. -Whether successful or not, my time, the officer's time and the thief's -time are all wasted, in addition to three-fourths of my product. - -Now, my neighbors and I, who together make up the government, suppress -brigandage. Instead of three fourths of my crop being wasted by -struggle for possession, it is all sold the very day it is carted to -market. Instead of exchanging my hoe for a gun and chasing another -man, I plant another crop of potatoes. Instead of helping me in the -chase the policeman grows a crop of his own, and the bandit, knowing -beforehand that it is impossible to live by robbery, ceases to watch -for possible victims and raises his own potatoes instead of taking mine. - -Without proper governmental interference the three of us have -only a portion of one crop of potatoes between us. AS THE RESULT -OF GOVERNMENTAL ACTION, WE HAVE THREE FULL CROPS. THE GOVERNMENT, -BY LEGISLATIVE "EDICT" OR "FIAT," if you please, CREATES TWO AND -THREE-QUARTERS CROPS OF POTATOES. WE CAN VOTE OURSELVES RICH. - -And of each dollar voted into our pockets, not more than fifteen cents -will be stolen property reclaimed. The other eighty-five cents will be -a new product, rescued from waste or destruction. - -The saddest feature of our present industrial cannibalism is that where -one dollar is stolen at least seven dollars are wasted. THE PREVENTABLE -WASTES OF CIVILIZATION CAN MAKE EARTH A PARADISE. - - -PROSPERITY, "THE McKINLEY" AND OTHER BRANDS. - -We can vote our country prosperous. But it is very essential that we -understand clearly WHOM we mean when we say "country." We have been -voting for one kind of prosperity for a long time, even before the -"McKinley brand," was on the market. Our mistake has been in not asking -the "Advance Agents" to tell us whose prosperity they represented. - -If a burglar is emptying your wife's jewelry box, and filling his -trousers pockets with the contents of your safe, prosperity to him -means ruin to you, and your success means the burglar's death. So, in -the larger affairs of our nation, the kind of prosperity hoped for by -the plunderers of the people means ruin to their millions of victims, -while good times for the workers, the farmers, the merchants, mean hard -times to our despoilers. - -We now have the best times the world has ever seen. Mr. Rockefeller, -or Robafellow--one is his name, the other ought to be--has an income -of forty thousand dollars a day, and it is increasing. No country -in the world has ever produced so much; never were there barns so -bursting with grain, or warehouses so filled with clothing, furniture -and jewels; never before so many men making from five to forty thousand -dollars a day. - -This great National Joint Stock Company of ours, with its seventy -million stockholders, is doing a thriving business and making barrels -of money. There is only one objectionable feature. It is that after -the labor of these seventy millions of people, their genius, their -suffering and their sweat, are converted into wealth, the dividends are -given to a few hundred men, while the rest of us pay the assessments. - -We do not need better times. Anybody who wants to make more than forty -thousand dollars a day is a hog. The real issue is not whether we shall -have hard times or good times, prosperity or panic in the abstract, but -it is whether that prosperity and good times, now monopolized by the -few, shall become the inheritance of every child of God. - - -THIEVES TAKE PANIC WHEN PURSUED BY HONEST MEN. - -If a select company of burglars and safe-blowers were to enter your -village and relieve a number of your merchants of the contents of -their safes, their stocks of jewels, silks and clothing, and were -to secure all of the finest horses from half the neighboring farms, -and utilize them in getting the booty safely to the nearest forest, -they would no doubt, while unpacking their wealth and feeding their -horses, after their hasty trip, congratulate one another upon "their -remarkable prosperity." They would be very apt to brag about the -unusual "good times." But if, as the sun rose over the tree-tops and -they were repacking their goods they saw suddenly the glistening -pitchforks of half a hundred angry farmers and the determined furious -faces of as many brawny workmen and merchants, bent on reclaiming their -property--there would be a PANIC.[11] - - [11] If you want legal evidence to prove the existence of - gigantic steals and robberies, read Lloyd's "Wealth Against - Commonwealth," Harper Bros., and the "Seven Financial - Conspiracies." - -The plunderers of the world are enjoying good times at the expense -of the masses. Their profits are as fabulous as their methods are -cruel. But in the midst of their celebration feast, their crime is -discovered, and the pitchforks of five million farmers glistening in -the morning sun, the angry faces of four million city workmen loom up -in the distance, and the result is PANIC and loss of confidence--(among -the revelers.) - -As we approach November, 1900, this panic will increase. But as there -wells up the sound infernal of their weeping and wailing and gnashing -of teeth, there will be heard still louder, the voices of millions -singing their chorus of deliverance. As these offenders look into the -grave where lies buried their every plan for selfish aggrandizement, to -us, their innumerable victims, that same grave will be the open window -through which we behold the land of promise. - - - - -INDEX. - - - Chapter Page - - I. Introductory 5 - - II. How to Begin Work 23 - - III. Speeches and Meetings 43 - - IV. Methods of Travel 65 - - V. Saloon Meetings 101 - - VI. The Heroic and Prosaic 115 - - VII. Practical Politics 127 - - VIII. Fundamentals 141 - - IX. The Church as a Field 151 - - X. Only Two Parties in the World 171 - - XI. Witnesses for Plutocracy Discredited 189 - - XII. Vote Yourselves Rich 211 - - - - - The Volunteers' Training School For Speakers. - - Opens at St. Louis September 15, 1897. - - -Young men of moderate attainments can become ready speakers in from one -to three months time. - -Practice both indoors and outdoors every day by every student, under -the direction of experienced campaigners. - -All the arts and secrets of successful oratory taught in the most -expeditious manner, accompanied by the daily application of every truth -learned. - -Tuition per month $1. - -Text books, good for one year, $5. - - - Especially Cheap Rates at Volunteers' Boarding House. - - Address Joseph Hoffman Mgr., - 4713 Page Avenue, ST. LOUIS, MO. - - -In preparing for this course read any of the following: - - Wealth Against Commonwealth, Henry D. Lloyd, Pub. by Harper Bros. - - Socialism and Social Reform, Prof. Richard T. Ely. - - Social Aspects of Christianity, Prof. Richard T. Ely. - - Ten Men of Money Island, Norton. - - Merrie England, Robert Blatchford. - - Seven Financial Conspiracies. - - The New Democracy, Vrooman. - - Coin's Financial School. - - The First Battle, Bryan. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The New Democracy, by Walter Vrooman - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE NEW DEMOCRACY *** - -***** This file should be named 63298.txt or 63298.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/3/2/9/63298/ - -Produced by Carlos Colón, The Library of Congress and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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