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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 18:06:54 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 18:06:54 -0700 |
| commit | 5f9045f45f51cae3199606ff2e9a9671facac411 (patch) | |
| tree | 9424379df0920231c3d37e61854d2c0ca0962993 | |
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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/63136-0.txt b/63136-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7c048e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/63136-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2823 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 63136 *** + + THE SPANISH SERIES + + + VALENCIA AND MURCIA + + + + + THE SPANISH SERIES + + _EDITED BY ALBERT F. CALVERT_ + + + GOYA + TOLEDO + MADRID + SEVILLE + MURILLO + CORDOVA + EL GRECO + VELAZQUEZ + THE PRADO + THE ESCORIAL + VALENCIA AND MURCIA + SCULPTURE IN SPAIN + ROYAL PALACES OF SPAIN + GRANADA AND ALHAMBRA + SPANISH ARMS AND ARMOUR + LEON, BURGOS AND SALAMANCA + CATALONIA AND THE BALEARIC ISLES + VALLADOLID, OVIEDO, SEGOVIA, + ZAMORA, AVILA AND ZARAGOZA + + + + + VALENCIA + AND MURCIA + A GLANCE AT AFRICAN SPAIN + BY A. F. CALVERT + WITH 288 PLATES + + + LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD + NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY: MCMXI + + + + + THE BALLANTYNE PRESS TAVISTOCK STREET COVENT GARDEN LONDON + + + + +CONTENTS + + + PAGE + +THE OLD KINGDOM OF VALENCIA 1 + +SAGUNTUM AND CASTELLON 26 + +THE KINGDOM OF MURCIA 33 + + + + +LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS + + +VALENCIA + +TITLE PLATE + +General View 1 + +General View, looking South 2 + +View from the Puente del Mar 3 + +General View 4 + +View from the Puente del Mar 5 + +Entrance to the Town by the Puerta de Santa Lucia 6 + +The Fair at the Puerta de Santa Lucia 7 + +Puerta de Serranos 8 + +Puerta de Cuarte 9 + +The Market-Place 10 + +The Puente Real 11 + +Paseo de la Glorieta 12 + +Paseo de la Glorieta 13 + +Paseo de la Alameda 14 + +Fountain of the Alameda 15 + +Plaza de la Aduana 16 + +Plaza de Santo Domingo 17 + +Plaza de San Francisco 18 + +Plaza de Tétuan 19 + +Plaza de la Constitucion 20 + +Calle de la Bajada de San Francisco 21 + +Calle de San Vicente 22 + +Tros Alt 23 + +Calle de la Bolseria y Tros Alt 24 + +General View of the Cathedral 25 + +The Cathedral: Gate of the Apostles 26 + +The Cathedral: Puerta del Palau 27 + +The Cathedral: A Door 28 + +The Temple 29 + +The Miguelete 30 + +Church of Santa Catalina 31 + +Church of Santa Catalina 32 + +Church of Los Santos Juanes 33 + +Façade of San Miguel el Real 34 + +Church of Santa Cruz 35 + +Church of Santa Cruz 36 + +Entrance to the Church of San Andrés 37 + +The Campo-Santo 38 + +The Campo-Santo 39 + +The Campo-Santo 40 + +The Audiencia, old Palace of the Cortes 41 + +Royal Hall in the Audiencia, upper part 42 + +Royal Hall in the Audiencia, lower part 43 + +Interior Door of the Audiencia 44 + +The Exchange 45 + +The Exchange: Detail of the Gallery 46 + +Interior of the Exchange 47 + +Interior Door of the Exchange 48 + +Colegio del Patriarca 49 + +Courtyard in the Colegio del Patriarca 50 + +Courtyard of the University 51 + +Entrance to the Civil Hospital 52 + +Gate of Mosen S’Orrell 53 + +The Custom-House 54 + +The Archbishop’s Palace 55 + +The Bull-Ring 56 + +Tobacco Factory 57 + +A Private House 58 + +Statue of King Jaime 59 + +Statue of Ribera 60 + +Statue of St Christopher 61 + +Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas 62 + +Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas 63 + +Portal of the Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas 64 + +Palace of the Marqués de Ripalda 65 + +General View of Grao 66 + +Grao Harbour 67 + +Grao Harbour 68 + +Grao Harbour 69 + +Camino del Grao: Hermitage of Ave Maria 70 + +A “Tartana,” or Char-à-banc 71 + +Peasants 72 + +Peasants 73 + +Peasants 74 + +Types of Women 75 + +“Tribunal des Eaux” 76 + +Barbers on the Bridge of Serranos 77 + +Zigzag of the Cabrillas 78 + +A Road in Cabañal 79 + +A Road in Cabañal 80 + +The Shores of the Mediterranean 81 + +The Shores of the Mediterranean 82 + + +MURVIEDRO + +General View 83 + +General View 84 + +View from the Station 85 + +View from the Castle 86 + +The Castle and Town 87 + +The Castle 88 + +The Castle from one of the Courts 89 + +Entrance to the Castle 90 + +General View of the Roman Amphitheatre 91 + +General View of the Roman Amphitheatre 92 + +The Roman Amphitheatre 93 + +Interior of the Roman Amphitheatre 94 + +Principal Gate of the Roman Amphitheatre 95 + +Entrance to the Roman Amphitheatre 96 + +Entrance to the Roman Amphitheatre 97 + +JATIVA + +General View 98 + +View from the Station 99 + +The Civil Hospital 100 + + +ALICANTE + +General View 101 + +The Castle 102 + +View from the Castle 103 + +The Breakwater 104 + +General View 105 + +General View 106 + +General View 107 + +Paseo de los Martires 108 + +Paseo de los Martires 109 + +Paseo de los Martires 110 + +Paseo de los Martires 111 + +Paseo de Nuñez 112 + +The Town Hall 113 + +The Town Hall 113 + +Monument to Quijano 115 + +The Bull-Ring 116 + + +ELCHE + +General View 117 + +General View 118 + +General View 119 + +View of the Town 120 + +Plaza Mayor 121 + +View from the Station 122 + +The Road to Alicante 123 + +The Road from Alicante 124 + +The Town Hall 125 + +Church of San Juan 126 + +Bridge over the Rambla de Elche 127 + +View from the Railway Bridge 128 + +The Canal 129 + +Washing Linen in the Canal 130 + +A Canal 131 + +Tower of Rapsamblanc, belonging to the Conde de +Luna 132 + +Castle of the Duque de Altamira, now a Prison 133 + +Mill and Castle of the Duque de Altamira 134 + +Castle of the Duque de Altamira 135 + +Castle and Mill 136 + +Palms 137 + +Country Spinners 138 + +Casa de la Huerta 139 + +A Country Road 140 + +A Country House 141 + +A Country House 142 + +A Famous Palm 143 + +A Palm celebrated for its Resemblance to a Column 144 + +Palm Groves 145 + +A Road 146 + + +SAX + +General View 147 + + +MURCIA + +General View 148 + +View from the Tower of the Cathedral, towards the +South 149 + +View of the Town 150 + +General View of the Town 151 + +General View of the Town 152 + +General View of the Town 153 + +General View 154 + +The Bridge 155 + +The River 156 + +The Bridge over the Segura 157 + +The River Segura 158 + +The Fair 159 + +The Fair 160 + +The Market-Place 161 + +Plaza de Santo Domingo on Market-Day 162 + +Paseo del Malecon 163 + +Plaza de Santa Catalina 164 + +Plaza de Toros, now Plaza de San Agustin 165 + +Paseo del Arenal 166 + +Plaza de San Pedro 167 + +Paseo de Floridablanca and Palace of the Exhibition 168 + +Plaza de Santa Isabella 169 + +Calle del Puente 170 + +Plaza de la Gloriéta 171 + +Plaza de la Gloriéta 172 + +The Cathedral 173 + +General View of the Cathedral 174 + +Principal Façade of the Cathedral 175 + +Tower of the Cathedral 176 + +Side Door of the Cathedral 177 + +The Cathedral: Gate of the Apostles 178 + +The Cathedral: Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez 179 + +The Cathedral: Detail of the Façade 180 + +Detail of the Cathedral 181 + +The Cathedral: Window of the Belfry 182 + +The Cathedral: Principal Nave 183 + +The Cathedral: Lateral Nave 184 + +The Cathedral: Behind the Choir 185 + +The Cathedral: Entrance to the Chapel of the Marqués +de los Velez 186 + +The Cathedral: Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez 187 + +The Cathedral: The High Altar 188 + +The Cathedral: The High Altar 189 + +The Cathedral: General View of the Choir 190 + +The Cathedral: The Bishop’s Throne, in the Choir 191 + +The Cathedral: Detail of the Choir Stalls 192 + +The Cathedral: Detail of the Choir Stalls 193 + +The Cathedral: The Sacristy 194 + +The Cathedral: Tomb of Alfonso the Wise 195 + +Church of Santo Domingo 196 + +Church of Santo Domingo 197 + +Church of San Bartolomé 198 + +Façade of the Convent de la Misericordia 199 + +Palace of the Marqués de Villafranca de los Velez, and +Convent of Santa Clara 200 + +The Episcopal Palace 201 + +Casa Huerta de las Bombas 202 + +Palace of the Marqués de Almodovar 203 + +Palace of the Baron de Albalá 204 + +Palace of the Marqués de Espinardo 205 + +The “Contraste” 206 + +Monument to Salzillo 207 + +Roman Altar dedicated to Peace, found in Carthagena +and moved in 1594 to the Palace of the Marqués de +Espinardo 208 + +House in the Calle Jaboneria 209 + +House of the Painter Villasis 210 + +A Balcony in the Calle Traperia 211 + +Puerta Cadenas 212 + +Teatro de Romea 213 + +The Bull-Ring 214 + +The Town Hall 215 + +The Town Hall 216 + +Procession leaving the Church of Jesus in Holy Week--St. +Veronica 217 + +Procession leaving the Church of Jesus in Holy Week--The +Kiss of Judas 218 + +Procession in Holy Week. The Garden of Gethsemane 219 + +Procession in Holy Week. Our Lord Falling 220 + +Procession in Holy Week. The Scourging 221 + +Church of Jesus. The Last Supper, by Zarzillo 222 + +Pilgrimage of St. Blas 223 + +Ruins of the Arab Baths 224 + +Environs of Murcia: Convent of San Jeronimo 225 + +Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta 226 + +Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta 227 + +Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta 228 + +Environs of Murcia: Castle of Monteagudo 229 + +Paisaje de la Huerta 230 + +Paisaje de la Huerta 231 + +Paisaje de la Huerta 232 + +A Cart Loaded with “Tinajas” 233 + +Harvest-Time 234 + +Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins 235 + +Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins 236 + +Environs of Murcia: View from the Huerta des +Capucins 237 + +Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins--Date-Gathering 238 + + +ORIHUELA + +General View 239 + +General View from the Puerta de Murcia 240 + +The River Segura 241 + +The River Segura from the East 242 + +Door of the Church of Santiago 243 + + +CARTHAGENA + +General View 244 + +A Partial View 245 + +View from the Station 246 + +View from the High Road 247 + +View from Quitapellijos 248 + +View from the Fort of Atalaya 249 + +View from the Fort of Atalaya 250 + +View from St. Joseph’s Mill 251 + +View from St. Joseph’s Mill 252 + +View from the Fort of Galera 253 + +View from the Fort of Galera 254 + +View of the Harbour 255 + +Santa Lucia and the Harbour 256 + +The Harbour from Santa Lucia 257 + +The Harbour from Santa Lucia 258 + +The Harbour from the Powder Magazine 259 + +The Harbour from Trincabatijos 260 + +View from the Esplanadero 261 + +The Entrance to the Harbour from Trincabatijos 262 + +The Breakwater 263 + +Entrance to the Harbour 264 + +Entrance to the Arsenal 265 + +Puerta del Mar 266 + +Puerta de Murcia 267 + +Plaza de las Monjas 268 + +The Marine College 269 + +The Bull-Ring 270 + + +ARCHENA + +The Baths, from La Sierra de Verdelena 271 + +General View of the Baths from the West 272 + +General View of the Baths at the Entrance to the +Village 273 + +Entrance to the Baths 274 + +The Carretera and River Segura 275 + +View of the Church 276 + +Interior of the Church 277 + +The Church: Altar of the “Virgen de la Salud” 278 + +Environs of Archena: View of Villanueva 279 + +Environs of Archena: View of Blanca from the Salto del +Palomo 280 + +Environs of Archena: View of Blanca from Bujamente 281 + +Environs of Archena: Village and Gardens of Ulea +from Villanueva 282 + +Environs of Archena: Village and Gardens of Ulea, +East Side 283 + +Environs of Archena: Village of Ojos and Mountains 284 + +Environs of Archena: The Gardens of Ojos, from the +Lovers’ Leap 285 + +Environs of Archena: The Lovers’ Leap 286 + + +LORCA + +General View 287 + +View from the Railway Station 288 + + + + +VALENCIA & MURCIA + + + + +THE OLD KINGDOM OF VALENCIA + + +Shut in between the barren range of the Sierra Molina on the north, and +the arid plains of Murcia to the south, the ancient Kingdom of Valencia +is one of the regions of Spain least visited by the tourist. And yet, a +flowering and fruitful Eden, it lies beneath a burning sun, its waters +trained in obedience to the hand of man. It puts forth a vegetation of +tropical luxuriance. Demeter has blessed the land. Under the soft +caressing winds that sweep up from the Mediterranean the soil yields +four or five crops in the year to the industry of the peasant. And if at +times the dreaded sirocco, charged with poisonous vapours from the +Albufera, lays the country prostrate--well, for every Paradise was +devised a snake! + +The people of the province, with the exception of those of Orihuela, +speak that variety of the Romance which I may call Catalan, and which, +with local modification, is common all along the eastern coast of Spain +from the mouth of the Segura to the frontier of Rousillon. Limousin, as +it is sometimes called, is not a mere dialect, but a quite distinct +language, a survival of the old _Langue d’oc_. Probably it was spoken by +those Romanised Spaniards who were driven north of the Pyrenees by the +Arabic invasion. It would be restored by them when they reconquered this +portion of their old territory. The Christian population, before +Valencia was recovered by Jaime el Conqueridor of Aragon, spoke +Castilian or a tongue akin to it. But the Catalan of the new rulers was +stronger, and soon swept aside the common speech of the people. +Curiously enough, this same Catalan was not the language used in Aragon +itself, a fact which no doubt had a strong determining influence in the +choice of Castilian at the time of the unification of the two kingdoms. +Why Orihuela alone clung to its old Castilian tongue in despite of the +Conqueror is not clear, unless it was owing merely to the proximity of +Murcia. + +In character the Valencians are superstitious, revengeful, relentless in +hate. “Ni olvido ni perdono” is their motto. They love the colour and +joy of life. Dancing and love-making are their chief delights. And yet +they are a laborious race. But their white, rather flabby appearance +proclaims them lacking in backbone and initiative. “Flesh is grass, and +grass is water. The men are women, the women--nothing!” says their own +proverb. + +The fertile huerta has found its novelist in Blasco Ibañez, a native of +Valencia, who has beautifully described the languid life of the +province. A translation must necessarily lack the force and elegance of +the master’s style, but the following passages will at least enable the +reader to picture a summer in the south: + +“When the vast plain awakes in the bluish light of dawn, the last of the +nightingales that have sung through the night breaks off abruptly in his +final trill, as though he had been stricken by the steely shaft of day. +Sparrows in whole coveys burst forth from the thatched roofs, and +beneath this aerial rabble preening their wings the trees shake and nod. + +“One by one the murmurs of the night subside; the trickling of the +water-courses, the sighing of the reeds, the barking of the watchful +dogs, other sounds belonging to the day, grow louder and fill the +huerta, the crow of the cock is heard from every farm, and the village +bells proclaim the call to prayer borne across from the towers of +Valencia, which are yet misty in the distance. From the farmyards arises +a discordant animal concert--the neighing of horses, the bellowing of +oxen, the clucking of hens, the bleating of lambs, the grunting of +swine--the sounds produced by beasts that scent the keen odour of +vegetation in the morning breeze and are hungry for the fields. + +“The sky is suffused with light, and with light life inundates the plain +and penetrates to the interior of human and animal abodes. Doors open +creaking. In the porches white figures appear, their hands clasped +behind their necks, scanning the horizon. From the stables issue towards +the city milch cows, herds of goats, manure-carts. Bells tinkle between +the dwarf trees bordering the high road, and every now and again is +heard the sharp “Arre, Aca” of the drivers. + +“On the thresholds of the cottages those bound for the town exchange +greetings with those who stay in the fields. ‘Bon dia nos done Deu!’ +[May God give us a good day!] ‘Bon Dia.’ + +“Immense is the energy, the explosion of life at midsummer, the best +season of the year, the time of harvest and abundance. Space throbs with +light and heat. The African sun rains torrents of fire on the land +already crackled and wrinkled by its burning caresses, and its golden +beams pierce the dense foliage, beneath which are hidden the canals and +trenches to save them from the all-powerful vivifying heat. + +“The branches of the trees are heavy with fruit. They bend beneath the +weight of yellow grapes covered with glazed leaves. Like the pink +cheeks of a child grow the apricots amid the verdure. Children greedily +eye the luxurious burden of the fig-trees. From the gardens is wafted +the scent of jasmin, and the magnolias dispense their incense in the +burning air, laden with the perfume of cereals. + +“The gleaming scythe has already sheared the land, levelling the golden +fields of wheat and the tall corn-stalks which bowed beneath their heavy +load of life. The hay forms yellow hills which reflect the colour of the +sun. The wheat is winnowed in a whirlwind of dust; in the naked fields +among the stubble sparrows hop from spot to spot in search of stray +gleanings. Everywhere are happiness and joyous labour. Waggons go +groaning down the road; children frolic in the fields and among the +sheaves, thinking of the wheaten cakes in prospect, and of the lazy +pleasant life which begins for the farmer when his barn is filled. Even +the old horses stride along more gaily, cheered by the smell of the +golden grain which will flow steadily into their mangers as the year +rolls on. + +“When the harvest has levelled the panorama and cleared the great +stretches of wheat sprinkled with poppies, the plain seems vast, almost +illimitable. Farther than the eye can reach stretch its great squares of +red soil, marked off by paths and trenches. The Sunday’s rest is +rigorously observed over the whole countryside. Not a man is seen +toiling in the fields, not a beast at work on the road. Down the paths +pass old women with their mantillas drawn over their eyes, and their +little chairs hanging to their arms. In the distance resound, like the +tearing of linen, the shots fired at the swallows, which fly hither and +thither in circles. A noise seems to be produced by their wings ruffling +the crystal firmament. From the canals rises the murmur of clouds of +almost invisible flies. In a farm all painted blue, under an ancient +arbour, there is a whirlwind of gaily-coloured shawls and petticoats, +while the guitars with their drowsy rhythm and the strident cornets +accompany the measures of the Valencian ‘Jota.’ + +“In the village the little plaza is thronged with the field-folk. The +men are in their shirt-sleeves with black sashes and gorgeous +handkerchiefs arranged mitre-like on their heads. The old men lean on +their big Liria sticks. The young men, with sleeves turned up, display +their red nervous arms and carry mere sprigs of ash between their huge +knotted fingers. + +“In the afternoon, towards the fountain along the road, bordered with +poplars which shake their silvered foliage, go groups of girls with +their pitchers on their heads. Their rhythmical movements and their +grace recall the Athenian Canephori. This procession to the well lends +to the huerta something of a Biblical character. The Fontana de la Reina +is the pride of the huerta, condemned to drink the water of wells, and +the red and dirty liquid of the canals. It is esteemed as an ancient and +valuable work. It has a square basin with walls of reddish stone. The +water is below the soil. You reach the bottom by means of six green and +slippery steps. Opposite the steps is a defaced bas-relief, probably a +Virgin attended by angels--no doubt an ex-voto of the time of the +Conquest. Laughter and chatter are not wanting round the well. The girls +cluster round, eager to fill their pitchers but in no hurry to depart. +They jostle each other on the steps, with their petticoats gathered in +between their legs, the better to lean forward and to plunge their +vessels into the basin. The surface of the water is unceasingly troubled +by the bubbles rising from the sandy bed, which is covered with weeds +waving in the current.” + +The exuberant natural life pictured in these passages is not altogether +due to the bounty of nature. The scorching sun would have brought death +instead of life to Valencia without the co-operation of man. The whole +province is a triumph of irrigation. The Moors were masters of hydraulic +science. They tapped the Jucar and the Guadalaviar and drew their +waters through the Moncada and seven smaller but magnificent canals into +every corner of the land. This was the legacy they left behind when they +were so suicidally expelled. Their successors, as Mr. Richard Ford so +eloquently puts it, exercise “a magic control over water, wielding it at +their bidding”--presumably as Gilbert’s hero Ferdinando brandished the +turtle soup! + +Bequeathed also directly by the Moors, the Tribunal of the Waters is the +most interesting sight of Valencia. It is independent of all law; no +Government has ever touched it; it has no written records. The court +meets every Thursday morning at eleven o’clock at the Apostles’ Gate of +the Cathedral in the capital, to try all cases and disputes in regard to +the precious water that is the life-blood of the province. There are +seven judges, one for each canal, elected by the peasantry of the +districts, and each is known by the name of his canal--Mislata, Cuarte, +and so forth. They are grave, stoutly-built men, with tanned faces and +close-cropped hair. They wear black, the colour beloved by the +comfortably situated working man all the world over; but they have not +degenerated quite so far as to discard the native handkerchief round +their polished brows, or the espadrilla, the Valencian shoe. + +Except that the turban has given place to the sombrero and the divan to +an ancient sofa, the proceedings of the tribunal are as patriarchal as +of old. In the plaza a crowd of litigants are collected, chattering, +gesticulating, arguing their wrongs according to the manner of their +kind all the world over. With an air of importance befitting the +occasion the Alguazil of the tribunal places the magisterial bench in +the shadow of the great Gothic portal. A light rail will keep the vulgar +at a distance. Then the peasant magistrates take their seats, and the +oldest pronounces the words, “Se abri el tribunal” (The tribunal is +open). A portentous silence falls, for any one who speaks before his +turn must pay a fine. One by one the litigants are introduced within the +railing and plead their cause bareheaded before the court. Woe to the +insolent wight that dare stand covered in its presence. The Alguazil +will tear the handkerchief from off his head, and he will also be +mulcted in a fine. Each must await the tapping of the presidential foot +before he ventures into the presence. But the severity of the discipline +does not suffice to make the fiery Valencians restrain their feelings. +At every moment there is an explosion of wrath or indignation, a heated +expostulation from one or other of the parties. The fines collected must +be a considerable sum. Out of their own wisdom the judges give their +decisions, which are almost invariably received without discontent. The +Valencians are anxious to preserve their unique tribunal from criticism +and interference, for they know that in Spain, as in other countries, +royal justice is a costly matter. + +The history of Valencia for all practical purposes is that of its +capital and namesake. “Its name,” says Mr. Ford, “is fondly derived +from, or considered equivalent to, Roman, because Ρὡμη in Greek +signifies power, as Valencia does in Latin.” The principle is doubtless +excellent, but seems to be that of _lucus a non lucendo_. + +When the warriors of Viriathus surrendered to Rome on the death of their +chief, Valencia was granted to them by the Consul D. Junius Brutus. +Destroyed by Pompey, it became a _colonia_ when rebuilt and the capital +of the Edetani. But the history of few Roman colonies, as it has reached +us, is of interest. The province had the usual martyrs under the +persecution of Diocletian and Decius, and was the place of banishment of +the zealot Ermengild. Proud of its haughty name, Valencia has yet +allowed itself to be taken and retaken oftener than any other city in +the world. In 413 it yielded to the Goths, and three hundred years later +with great nonchalance transferred its allegiance to the Moor. It formed +at one time part of the Khalifate; and again, one or more petty kingdoms +in itself. + +Don Feodoro Lleorente speaks of “the slave kings” of Valencia. It is +certain that many of its rulers were slave adventurers from the palace +of the Khalifa, who, like the janizaries of Turkey had literally carved +their fortunes with their swords. One of these princes added the +Balearic Isles to his realms and unsuccessfully attempted the conquest +of Sardinia. + +The kingdom thus founded by military adventurers was overthrown by the +most famous of that warlike brood. + +The Moors had made the desert blossom like the rose. Wealth and +prosperity had been secured to the province. The Moslem paradise was +located here. Medinat-u-Tarab was its capital--the City of Mirth. The +greedy eyes of Christian neighbours were inevitably drawn to such a +region, and the break-up of the Ummeyah dynasty offered an excellent +opportunity for interference. + +Valencia was split up into factions, and the King or Amir Kadir was +merely the puppet of the two opposing parties, who alternately supported +him on his tottering throne. But the Moors were a proud race and felt +themselves dishonoured in yielding homage to so weak a ruler. Headed by +Ibn Jahhaf, the people rose in revolt. Kadir fled, but was detected +under his woman’s disguise, was taken and beheaded. That strange +anomaly a Mohammedan republic was formed. A council of the leaders was +constituted with Ibn Jahhaf as President. + +A people which arrogates the right to choose its ruler has ever been +considered a sort of pirate among the nations, and fair game for more +powerful States. Kadir, at the time of his deposition, had been under +the hardly disinterested protection of the Cid, who, under pretence of +avenging his _protégé’s_ death, immediately advanced on Valencia. For +some time Ibn Jahhaf, who seems to have had some of the qualities of a +great general, amused the Campeador with negotiations, while he pushed +hastily forward preparations for defence. Discovering that he was being +played with, the Cid swept through the country and threw his army round +Valencia, which for twenty months made a stubborn resistance. The city +falling at length, Jahhaf, who had become a special object of hatred to +the Conqueror, was burnt alive in the plaza. Until his death in 1097, +the Cid ruled the kingdom as absolute lord and despot. The legend runs +that Ximena, his wife, defended the city for two years after her +husband’s death. And so great was the reputation and the terror of the +Campeador that she finally won a victory over the Mussulmans and carried +him to his last resting-place at Cardeña by the stratagem of placing his +corpse fully armed upon his war-horse with his celebrated sword in his +hand. + +But for two centuries longer Valencia followed the law of the Prophet. +It was finally wrested from the yoke of Islam on the memorable 28th of +September 1238, when the standard of the victorious Jaime I. of Aragon +was hoisted over the tower of Ali Bufat, and the Crescent bowed before +the Cross. The conquest in the history of Aragon ranks with the taking +of Seville in the history of Castile. Granada was the joint conquest of +both kingdoms. The way in which the Moors in these old days surrendered +their whole kingdom to the Christians, sometimes after only one battle +had been fought, stands out in dark contrast with the tenacious +resistance offered by their descendants in Algeria in modern times. +Enervated by the climate of Spain the Mussulmans of that country were +absolutely incapable of maintaining a prolonged guerilla warfare. If a +fortified capital was taken they at once handed over the whole kingdom +to the conqueror. They were not of course peculiar in this respect. The +sentiments of nationality and physical courage are characteristic far +more of the modern than of the ancient world. We have only to compare +the resistance of the Anglo-Saxons to the Normans with that of the Boers +to the British, of the French in the Hundred Years War with that of +their descendants in 1871, to realise how much more of manliness and +endurance we possess than did our ancestors. We must go back to the days +of Leonidas and Regulus to find parallels for the exploits of our own +Indian Army; to Numantia and Seguntum for parallels to Saragossa and +Gerona. National and individual self-respect withered under feudalism, +and revived only on the introduction of free institutions. + +The commerce and wealth of the country now fell into the hands of the +Jews, who came over in great numbers from Aragon. For a long time the +industrious people lived, hated it is true, but unmolested, in their own +quarter of the city. But one ill-fated day a band of children, urged on +probably by some fanatic, marched against the Jewry crying that they had +come to baptize the unbelieving dogs, and that the Archdeacon of Seville +was close upon their heels. In terror the wretched people retreated to +their homes, firmly barricading themselves. Some of the Christian +children got shut up in the quarter. Like wildfire the rumour spread +through the streets that the Jews were submitting them to untold +tortures behind their barred doors. The whole populace went mad with the +rage for blood, attacked the wholly unprepared Jews, and the most +horrible scenes of massacre ensued. This was in 1391. The prosperity of +Valencia suffered its first severe blow with the barbarous expulsion of +the Moors at the command of Philip III. Another fell some time later +when, on account of its strenuous opposition to the French claim to the +Crown, Philip V. confiscated the liberties of the province and imposed +an enormous fine. + +But Valencia, though fallen from its old estate, is nevertheless to-day +a thriving prosperous province; its capital is handsome and progressive. +Busy life pulsates through the streets; the _cafés_ are alive with the +hum of voices. There is little to recall the days of its allegiance to +the Prophet, and it has not retained more monuments of the past than +most other cities. From the sightseer’s point of view it is not +intensely interesting; from the stranger’s, even less convenient, since +indications of the names of the streets are few and far between. New and +splendid avenues are arising, which, in pleasant contrast to the dull +uniformity of most Continental town perspectives, contain houses +original and individual in style. You enter the town by one of two +massive castellated gates, which give a note of the mediæval picturesque +to their respective quarters. The fourteenth century Torres de Serranos +form a narrow archway flanked by two fine octagonal towers. Above, are +windows with elaborate panelling, and heavy machicolations crown the +whole building. The Torres de Cuartes, of a century later, are very +similar, but the parapet is itself borne on corbels and machicolated. +Unfortunately the walls of the city have perished. + +The Cathedral, the Lonja, and the Picture Gallery exhaust the sights of +Valencia. The Cathedral was founded in 1262 on the ruins of the Great +Mosque, which in its turn had replaced the Temple of Diana. It is far +inferior to most of the great Spanish churches in beauty and interest. +Originally Gothic, it was considerably enlarged in the fifteenth +century, the height, however, being left unaltered. The principal +entrance, in the receding circular form, is an outrage, but the north +door, called the Puerta de los Apostoles, richly sculptured and +delicately moulded, exhibits the skill and industry of the fourteenth +century at its best. + +Above the semicircular Puerta de Palau is an interesting series of +medallions. These represent the heads of fourteen men and women. These +are the seven knights of the Conquest and the seven fair ladies they +sought in the surrounding provinces, from whom the whole Valencian +nobility is said to be sprung. This doorway is evidently by the same +hand as the Puerta de los Infantes at Lerida. But the most striking part +of the Cathedral is the imposing Miguelete Tower. Its sculpture is +indifferent, but seen from a distance the effect is fine. It is the +great landmark of the district, and the Valencians speak of exile as +“losing sight of the Miguelete.” + +The plan of the Cathedral, like most Spanish churches, is cruciform. In +1760 the interior was modernised in a manner that makes the +beauty-loving traveller long to tear his hair--or that of the +perpetrator of the “restoration.” Over-decoration is its chief defect. +The walls have been encrusted with marbles, the Gothic columns almost +concealed by Corinthian pilasters, the pointed arches rounded off. The +church may merit its surname of “La Rica,” but it has lost that +atmosphere of remote beauty that calls forth the instincts of religion +in the worshipper. During the French occupation of 1809 the magnificent +silver altar was melted down, but fortunately its protecting door panels +were uninjured. These are painted with six pictures by Francisco Pagano +and Pablo de San Leocadio, disciples of Leonardo da Vinci, and ascribed +by some to the master himself. The spurs and bridle of Jaime el +Conqueridor, presented by him on the day he took the city to his Master +of the Horse, are preserved on one of the pillars on the Gospel side. + +The choir is for the most part modern, with plain and classical walnut +stalls. The rear portion, or _trascoro_, dates from the fifteenth +century, and is decorated with a fine series of Biblical scenes in +alabaster. The chapels have little of interest, except the tomb of Tomás +de Villanueva, the holy Archbishop of Valencia, in the one dedicated to +him. Over the crossing rises the fine octagonal lantern, which was built +in 1404 and restored in 1731. It was once adorned by many trophies, +among them the flags taken from the Genoese by Ramon Corveran, a famous +sea-dog of Valencia. These, however, have long since vanished. + +After the Cathedral the Lonja de la Seda, or Silk Exchange, is the most +interesting sight of Valencia. Built in the Gothic style (though not of +the purest) it is one of the best specimens of civil architecture of the +Middle Ages that we have remaining. Its square tower, crenellated +chimneys, open galleries and high windows give an extremely fine effect. +The hall has spirally fluted pillars that branch out into graceful +clusters of palm-leaves. The ceiling is painted with stars and round the +walls runs the legend, “He only that shall not have deceived nor done +usury shall be worthy of eternal life,” which (let us hope) has guided +generations of merchants into the paths of commercial integrity. The +Audiencia, in good Renaissance style, is well worth a visit, where in +the Salon de Cortes the old provincial States assembled till the middle +of the eighteenth century. As a building the University is beautiful, +if it is a little backward in thought. Here Fernando VII. raised the +noble sport of _Tauromachy_, or Bull-fighting, to the dignity of a +Faculty! + +The smaller churches are interesting enough, but not striking, and the +visitor will do well to prefer the almost deserted Picture Gallery. +Until the name of Velasquez dwarfed that of every other Spanish artist, +Valencia boasted a school of painting second to none in the country. +Ribalta, Juanes, Ribera, Espinosa, and Orrente all lived and loved and +painted in the old kingdom. The story of Ribalta is romantic. The son of +a ploughman, he deemed himself on the high road to fortune when he +entered a Valencian studio as a pupil. But alas! the black eyes and +pretty figure of his master’s daughter proved more alluring than canvas +virgins. Ribalta was dismissed the studio in disgrace. He wandered +towards Italy, the land of promise, and studied under the brothers +Carracci. Some years later he returned. His mistress was in possession +of the studio, her father having gone out. A wooden and lifeless Madonna +stood on an easel. Ribalta seized a brush and painted furiously until +sunset, and when the artist returned a masterpiece was awaiting him. +Astonishment, admiration, tears, and gratitude--no artist could forbid +his daughter’s _fiançailles_ with a man of genius. Ribalta afterwards +devoted his whole life to the adornment of the churches of his native +kingdom. + +But Valencia is hardly less distinguished for its theatre than for its +painting. Here at the end of the sixteenth century was founded the +celebrated society of “Nocturnes” which welcomed the youth of Lope de +Vega. Guillen de Castro was its head, a man of wit and honourable +family, whose adventurous life ended in the gutter. He is best known as +the author of _Las Mocedades del Cid_, a tedious drama with a fine +heroic touch, whence Corneille drew his inspiration. + +Leaving Valencia we run southward as far as Alcira without a stop. Here +we cross the Jucar, which strikes terror into the hearts of the +townsfolk. Rising in the rainy season with terrible rapidity, with +constant shiftings of its channel, it sweeps over the countryside, +swallowing up whole villages in its destructive, impetuous course. When +the sky grows black and the river starts to rise, the panic-stricken +inhabitants run to the churches and seize the images. Then with frenzied +prayers to the _Pare San Bernard_, they dip the holy forehead in the +water, hoping to stay the onrush of the torrent. But the inundated +country to-day will in a few years bear heavy rice crops and luxuriant +orchards. The swampy unhealthy lagoon, the Albufera (which gave its +name to one of Napoleon’s marshals) is becoming filled up with the +_débris_ brought down from the mountains. Soon it, too, will be a +fertile huerta. Meanwhile, trees are being planted on the rugged +hill-side, a wise measure which it is hoped will check the violence of +the floods and the denudation of the arid soil. + +Jativa will be our next stopping-place. Like most of the towns in this +country it is rich in historic interest. Past cottages, embosomed in +palm-and orange-trees, you climb up to the hill where the old and new +castles stand side by side. Here in 1284 the Infantes de la Cerda, +rightful heirs to the throne, were confined by their Uncle Sancho el +Bravo. Here too the Duke of Calabria, heir of Naples, languished for ten +years after having trusted himself to the honour of Gonzalo de Cordoba, +who betrayed him. This was one of the three deeds of which Gonzalo is +said to have repented at the last. Indeed the castle of Jativa seems to +have greatly troubled his death-bed, for we learn that the second of +these three misdeeds was the imprisonment in the same place of the +infamous Cæsar Borgia. The Borgias--those super-men of the +Renaissance--had their origin in the neighbourhood of Jativa, which also +boasts itself the birthplace of the artist Ribera. + +The smaller coast towns of Alicante attract the weary traveller by their +beautifully sounding names: Benidorm, Villajoyosa--what pleasant chords +they strike in the imagination! But time is short. You think of them +regretfully and hurry towards the capital. But first, if the month is +April, you must turn aside for a flying visit to Alcoy, where every year +a mediæval joust takes place to the glory of Saint George (the city’s +patron saint) and the discomfiture of the Moors. This is to celebrate +the taking of the town from the Moors by Jaime el Conqueridor in 1253. + +Alicante, the largest town in the province of that name, and the second +in the Kingdom of Valencia, is as dull as most thriving commercial +centres. Its broad white quays are thronged with a busy bustling +humanity. Touches of vivid colour in the dress of the women, who are +labouring like navvies, a burning sun overhead, and the blue of the +Mediterranean, make a not unpleasing picture. Behind the town towers an +enormous rock--a second Gibraltar--crowned by the old castle of Santa +Barbara. A deep fissure in the rock recalls the stubborn siege of 1707, +when the English General and all his garrison were blown to pieces by a +mine. + +Southwards still, to Elche, the City of Palms, or, less poetically, “The +Frying-pan!” A mist of heat seems to hang over the little +Oriental-looking town. Not even in the palm groves that shut out the +desert can you avoid it. These magnificent trees (it has been estimated +that there are 80,000 in the belt that encircles the town) provide +practically all the palms used by the Christian churches in Passion +Week. In the shade of their avenues flourish the laurel, the rose, and +the geranium; beyond, extend crops of lucerne and wheat, watered by the +carefully regulated Vinalapo. + +But though Elche makes an agreeable impression on travellers, in Spain +it is chiefly celebrated for its Passion or Mystery Play, the only one +of its kind in the kingdom. Elche is under the special protection of Our +Lady of the Assumption, who sent her miraculous image over the seas +along with the words and music of the opera inscribed _Soy para Elche_ +(I am for Elche). To this image, supposed to have been found in 1370 by +a coastguard named Canto, many houses and palm plantations round the +city belong. They are all marked with a crown and the initials M.V. The +image is said to have been carved by St. Luke, but hardly reflects +credit on his skill. However, the miracles it performs seem highly +satisfactory, judging by the magnificent jewels and garments that have +been presented by the faithful. + +The opera is presented on August 13 and 14, the eve and the feast of the +Assumption. In a country where the sister of Cervantes was allowed to +install a theatre in her convent and herself play the leading _rôles_, +you are not surprised to find that the representation takes place in the +church, which is, however, for the occasion, carefully stripped of +sacred images. + +The scenery, as in mediæval days, is simple. There is a little cave for +the Garden of Gethsemane, a plain coffin for the Holy Sepulchre. Angels +playing harps on a blue cloth stretched across the roof betoken the +celestial regions. Hence, by an ingenious arrangement of ropes and +pulleys, angels will presently come down to take the Virgin up to +heaven. Apostles and saints, their names legibly inscribed on cardboard +haloes, the holy angels and the Trinity itself have all their appointed +parts. The Virgin is a small boy of eleven. Unfortunately that touch of +vulgarity which seems inseparable from modern Continental Catholicism +liberally decorates the angels with well-greased hair, vivid sashes, and +paper flowers of startling hues. However, the crowded audience is not +critical and very real emotion at times interrupts the continuous +chatter and shaking of fans. There seems something singularly human in a +religion so all-embracing. + +Orihuela, in its fertile plain, rendered independent of rain by the +waters of the Segura, will be our last stopping-place in the southern +portion of the kingdom. Here the Goths made a last resistance under +Theodomir. Orihuela is the only city in the district where Castilian is +spoken. Its square towers and domes shaded with palms are decidedly +Oriental in appearance. A visit to the Cathedral shows some beautiful +choir-stalls of carved mahogany, but the interior of the building has +been hopelessly barbarised. There is little else to detain us here, so +we take train again for Valencia and the north. + + + + +SAGUNTUM AND CASTELLON + + +Leaving the city of Valencia, the traveller journeys northwards through +one of the most luxuriant garden-plains of southern Europe. Groves of +olive, almond, and orange trees crowd thick upon each other, their +almost monotonous fruitfulness broken only by an occasional graceful +cluster of stately palms. Soon there comes in sight a hill crowned with +an irregular line of battlemented walls. Its silhouette is warm against +the sky-line. This is Saguntum, famed in story. + +You pass out of the station and on your left rise up the eastern slopes +of the Saguntine hill. At its feet are huddled the dark green tiled +roofs of the village, from among which the little church of San Salvador +detaches its quadrangular tower, proudly conscious that (in the eye of +its worshippers at least) it is the oldest Christian foundation in the +whole of Spain. Tiny cottages gleam white in the dark places of the +rocks, between thickets of aloes and prickly-pear. And far above, the +reddish walls of the castle with its huge square towers stretch in +slanting belts along the summit of the hill, keeping watch over the +ever-retreating sea that has so often been studded with the ships of +enemies. + +To the right, coaches from Teruel and Segorbe lumber along a white +ribbon of road, smothered in clouds of dust. Clambering up the fence of +masonry that separates populace and passengers a dozen Saguntine youths, +burnt by the sun, with eyes like sloes and jet-black hair, hail you in +eager tones. They thrust towards you sinewy arms holding cups of milk or +wine and plates of savoury meats, with branches of oranges or wands +garlanded with fruits and sweet-smelling flowers. + +But it is a silent town, Saguntum (or Murviedro as it is generally +called), and seems to brood on memories of the past. Founded in 1389 +B.C. by the Greeks of Zacynthus, it has been held in turn by +Carthaginian and Roman, by Goth, Moor, and Spaniard. Its place in +history is unique. The story of its famous siege has repeatedly been +told. + +It is the year 219 B.C.--the eve of the Second Punic War. Hannibal, +having sworn war to the death on Rome, is gathering his forces for a +crushing blow. The wealth of Saguntum attracts him; impoverished by the +loss of Sicily, its position as frontier town appeals to him as a +strategist; as the ally of Rome it draws his hatred. Suddenly a force +of a hundred and fifty thousand Carthaginian soldiers is hurled against +the town; battering-rams thunder at the gates; huge catapults scatter +death among the startled townsfolk. Then begins a struggle that can be +compared only with Numantia in ancient or Saragossa in modern times. +Force and cunning have met their match in desperate heroism. + +The siege lasted for eight months. Rome was appealed to, but her +Ambassadors were not allowed to land. They turned to Carthage and +entered the Senate House. “I bring you peace or war,” cried Valerius +Flaccus; “choose which you will have!” and resounding cries of “War! +War!” initiated one of the fiercest struggles of antiquity. But though +fighting against a common enemy, Rome deserted her Spanish ally. + +A city beseiged is a city doomed. Saguntum could hold out no longer. +Hannibal named his terms--life and two garments to each individual. +Arms, wealth, and Fatherland must all be given up, and the inhabitants +must drift to whatever part of the world the conqueror decreed. + +Immediately, by order of the Senate, a scaffold was erected in the +public square. All the wealth from the public treasury was flung upon +it. Private citizens added their treasures to the holocaust, and with +the courage of despair flung themselves into the flames. Then a shout +arose from the walls; one of the towers had fallen and the attacking +army swarmed over the ramparts to wholesale massacre. Such is Livy’s +account, but it is probably an overstatement. For though the +Carthaginians, being a Semitic race, were capable of any cruelty, +history records that the first act of the Scipios, on rebuilding the +town four years later, was to buy back the exiled inhabitants. + +Two thousand years later Saguntum was once again the theatre of war, +when in 1808 it was attacked and taken by Marshal Suchet. But Napoleon’s +success was as ephemeral as Hannibal’s. The French violet could not take +root in the granite of Spain. + +The present castle is principally Moorish, though some traces of the old +Saguntine walls can be distinguished. It is probable that the keep +described by Livy occupied the site of the present citadel. There are +some old Moorish cisterns to which the girls of the village climb in the +evening with water-jars on their shoulders. + +A little lower down the hill lies the ancient Roman amphitheatre, the +most nearly perfect of its kind that exists to-day, not even excepting +those of Italy. The separate entrances that Roman ceremony required for +knights and magistrates, for women and for the common people, can still +be recognised in spite of the depredations of Suchet and the +Philistines. Its thirty-three tiers of bluish grey pebbles, cemented +cunningly together to look like huge blocks of stone, rise with the +sloping hill-side. The theatregoer of Murviedro had little to complain +of in the old days. If the play was tedious, he could turn his eye to +the beautiful scenery that lay before him. His lot was enviable beside +the Londoner’s. + +The plain that now separates Murviedro from the sea is rich in ruins of +a bygone age. Desultory excavations have yielded some results. In 1795 a +magnificent mosaic was discovered representing Bacchus astride a tiger +in the midst of revellers, which, unfortunately, has since been lost. +For the antiquary with money at his back and method in his brain a rich +and interesting harvest lies waiting. + +Leaving Saguntum we continue northwards past the picturesque old castle +of Almenara; past Nules, famous for its mineral springs; past Burriana, +whose oranges you have eaten in every country of Europe; and the train +steams at length into Castellon de la Plana. To the eye this city is +uninteresting enough, but the imagination is touched by the recital of +its history. + +A league to the north of the town the barren mountains of the Desierta +rise from an arid plain. Here can be seen some crumbling grey walls and +a hermitage in honour of St. Mary Magdalena. The walls mark the site of +the old town captured in 1233 by Jaime I. of Aragon. A few years later +the inhabitants petitioned the King’s lieutenant for leave to remove +their town to the fertile plain on the coast where it now stands. Not +only was this granted but considerable privileges were bestowed on the +enterprising city. + +Every year on the third Sunday in Lent this event is commemorated by the +Feast of Las Gayates. Clergy and laity alike, bearing green reeds, +proceed in pilgrimage to the hermitage, where a solemn service is +celebrated. A gay crowd invades the hill. They sing; they dance; they +shout; they eat and drink. After this sylvan feast, they troop back to +the town. At nightfall a second procession sets out, in which are +represented with all edifying accompaniments the worldly pomps and +repentance of the Magdalene. Raised up among a myriad flashing lanterns +the “Gayata,” which gives its name to the festival and recalls the +removal of the city, is borne along with song and dance. + +More than once has Castellon fought bravely in defence of its liberties. +A very strenuous resistance was offered to Pedro IV. when the women +fought side by side with the men upon the walls. One of the amazon +warriors killed a relative of the attacking General, Don Pedro de Boil, +and was hanged in the market-place on the fall of the city, along with +the other rebel leaders. Considering the part that Spanish women have +played in the history of their country, it is curious to remember that +voluptuous indolence is supposed to entirely sum up their character. The +War of the Brotherhood, that great popular rising, gave three more +martyrs to Castellon. It is not, therefore, surprising to find that this +city to-day stands, in the province to which it gives its name, for +democratic tendencies. So Morella on its rocky throne, the stronghold of +the ferocious Carlist chief, Cabrera, stands for aristocratic +militarism; and Segorbe, lying in the shadow of the magnificent +monastery of Valdecristo, for the ecclesiastical element and clerical +control. + + + + +THE KINGDOM OF MURCIA + + +The ancient Kingdom of Murcia, which lies to the south of Valencia, +includes the two modern provinces of Murcia and Albacete. It is a wild, +fierce region, where the sun’s heat scorches all vegetation from off the +hill-sides. Deep and terrible chasms yawn between the rugged mountains; +there are sharp and rocky peaks that seem to have been thrown up by +sudden upheavals of the earth, and at their feet lie great stretches of +tawny desert recalling the burning expanse of the Sahara. The shadow of +long-continued drought often broods over the whole kingdom. But yet the +district watered by the Segura is an earthly paradise--in spring all +flowers, in autumn all fruit. Mingling with the carob-tree and +broad-leaved palm glistens the gold of oranges, and luxuriant vines give +pleasant promise of a sparkling harvest. + +But nature has not thus blessed the land of her own free will. She +needed coaxing and much wooing by the cunning Arabs. A wonderful system +of irrigation prevails, and science has harnessed fast the wayward +rivers. The greatest treasure of the Murcian, water, is sold by auction +to the highest bidder. M. Jean Brunhés, in a lately published work, +gives some very curious and interesting details relating to this +singular system. + +The volume of the Monegre is divided into old and new water, the former +belonging of right to the ancient riparian proprietors, the latter to +the owners of the locks and reservoirs. A very vicious system prevails +at Lorca. There, a private company has obtained all rights in the water +of Guadalentin, subject to the condition of supplying the old +proprietors of the adjoining lands with 500 litres per second every day. +Only in rainy seasons, when the company’s barrage is swept away by the +torrent (as it usually is some five or six times in the year), does the +water become public property. When this happens the company is not +allowed to make the barrage any stronger when it is rebuilt. In seasons +of drought the owners are masters of the situation, and are able to +recoup themselves for the losses thus incurred by forcing up prices to a +figure absolutely ruinous to all but the richest cultivators. There is +only one palliation to this system, that the bidder who has bought the +first lot can buy as many of the lots following as he may desire at the +same figure. Notwithstanding this poor concession it would seem that the +principle of private ownership has been pushed a little too far in this +part of the world. + +Here is M. Brunhés’ account of the water auction at Lorca: + +“The sale takes place in a badly lit hall with naked walls, on a level +with the street, with which it communicates by an immense door almost +its own breadth. This door remains open during the sale, and the crowd +of bidders stand partly in the street. The hall has no floor; you stand +on the bare ground. Opposite the door at the end of the hall is a +railed-off daïs, entered by a side door, and without any direct +communication with the public side. On the daïs the secretaries are +seated at a large table covered by a threadbare green cloth. Behind the +table are five arm-chairs. In one is seated the presiding officer (a +civil engineer who must own no land in the Vega). On a stool is +stationed the crier. + +“At eight o’clock in the morning, at a sign from the presiding officer, +the crier pronounces these words in a singing monotonous voice, and +without any pause between the two phrases: ‘In honour of the Holy +Sacrament of the Altar, who buys the first lot of Sotellana?’ +Immediately shouts go up, ‘Eight, nine, or ten reales!’ One voice +overpowers the other, wide mouths vociferate loudly, necks are strained, +muscles grow tense with excitement. The bidders press and crush each +other against the iron railing, for the one nearest has the best chance +of being heard. The presiding officer listens and follows the frantic +shouting with sovereign calm. Suddenly, with a quick gesture, he +designates the highest bidder. At once the clamour ceases. Amid absolute +silence the man indicated calls out his name, which the clerks write +down. + +“The men are hatless. Some wear black or dark-coloured handkerchiefs +bound round their heads, but all hold their broad-brimmed hats in their +hands. No one smokes or talks till the bidding recommences, and even +those in the street are silent and bareheaded. It is easy to see that +all are peasants. Heads are closely cropped; here are no beards or +moustaches, no one wears a collar, and most carry a cloak other than the +aristocratic _capa_ on the shoulders or arm. It is a curious and +impressive sight enough these bronzed physiognomies, animated by one +desire to obtain, as cheaply as may be, possession of the supreme good, +water.” + +Such is the province of Murcia in the twentieth century. When vegetation +depended only on the sun and very infrequent rain, the land can have +been very little better than an arid wilderness. And yet its possession +has from the earliest times been a matter of keen dispute. To the early +inhabitants have always been ascribed those simple guileless virtues +with which the eighteenth century endowed the noble savage. Like the +high-souled inhabitants of More’s “Utopia,” they used the gold and +silver, in which their mountains abounded, for the meanest articles of +domestic use. But this admirable custom seems unfortunately to have been +based on mere ignorance of the value of their treasures. + +More sophisticated were the Phœnicians, who scented the precious metals +from afar, and here, as everywhere, established their commercial +centres. Next, the Greeks swooped down and planted colonies, rivalry +between the two races precipitating the fierce conflict between their +respective allies, the Carthaginians and the Romans. New Carthage, or +Cartagena, was founded by Hasdrubal; his son made it the starting-place +of his famous march to Rome. The city made a brave resistance to Scipio, +and its fall marked the downfall of the Carthaginian in Spain. + +As an outpost of the Roman Empire this district was one of the first +abandoned to the attacks of the barbarians. Under the Visigoths it +became a duchy with the name of Aurariola, which offered so determined a +resistance to the Mussulman that it was enabled to retain its +independence, subject merely to the Khalifa as suzerain. Here, as in so +many Iberian sieges, the women played no small part. Dressed as men, +they paraded the walls of the city: and by this stratagem enabled Duke +Theodomir to obtain such favourable terms. + +Perpetuating the memory of this Duke, the province lasted under the name +of Todmir some sixty-eight years as a self-governing State. But the last +governors allied themselves with Charlemagne. Arab invaders poured in, +who soon swamped the Christian population and Todmir was completely +absorbed into the Moslem Empire. + +A new capital, Murcia, was founded, that soon rivalled Toledo and +Cordoba as a manufactory of arms. After undergoing the usual +vicissitudes of Moorish States, it was taken in 1266 by Jaime el +Conqueridor, and handed over to his son-in-law, the King of Castile. For +two hundred years it endured the attacks of the Moors of Granada, acting +meanwhile as a buffer to the Christian kingdom. + +Murcia to-day seems a survival of the Middle Ages. The legend goes that +Adam returning to earth recognised the province as the only relic of the +world he left. The Murcians are a conservative people, clinging to the +beliefs and ideas of their forefathers, untouched by the march of +thought. Religion is the changeless background of their lives, and often +its picturesque ceremonies completely hold the stage. One of the most +interesting of their religious festivals is the Passion Procession held +on Good Friday. According to tradition this has continued without +interruption since 1603, except in the year 1809 only, when it was +forbidden by the Government. + +Organised by the Confraternity of Jesus, the great feature of the +procession is the magnificent series of carved groups (known as _pasos_) +representing scenes from the Biblical narrative. These are the work of +the great master Salzillo, who is said to have carved no fewer than 1792 +wooden figures in his long life of seventy-six years. During the +eighteenth century the Trades Guilds of Murcia gave special support to +the Confraternity. They are accordingly granted the privilege of +carrying the different _pasos_ in the procession. Thus the “Kiss of +Judas” is borne by the bakers; Santa Veronica by the weavers; while the +tailors carry the gigantic group of the Last Supper. The bearers, all +alike clad in purple, carry lighted candles and musical instruments. +Their hoods shroud their heads, the eyes alone being visible through +slits; a knotted rope girdles the waist, and stockings of coarse white +wool, instead of the bare feet demanded by the original statute, +acknowledge the claims of the twentieth century. + +It is six o’clock on Good Friday morning. The streets are thronged with +eager sightseers; heads are devoutly bared and many a plain wooden +cross is displayed to mark the sympathy of the crowd. A band of mounted +gendarmes clears the way. The standard-bearer chants to the populace +that “This is done in remembrance of the Passion of Our Lord Jesus +Christ.” Smothered in flowers the first five _pasos_ are borne along. +Then to the sound of drum and trumpet, with the ringing of bells and the +blare of bugles, Our Father Jesus passes, enveloped in a cloud of +flaming candles, accompanied by the Holy Brotherhood. The remaining +_pasos_ follow close, the clergy and the representatives of King and +Bishop bringing up the rear. + +The _pasos_ themselves will repay inspection. Though abounding in +ludicrous anachronisms, often in flabby sentiment, they are beautifully +carved and superbly mounted. It is said that £1000 was offered by an +enthusiastic German for the uplifted arm of St. Peter in the “Kiss of +Judas.” + +The first group of the Last Supper is of enormous size, requiring no +fewer than twenty-four bearers during the procession. Among the tailors +of the city there is keen competition for this honour, for the splendid +collation that is offered by the pious to the lifeless feasters is later +sold by auction for the benefit of the bearers. The price it fetches is +no small one, for it is regarded as true _pain béni_, bringing +happiness to those who eat. The Agony in the Garden is reputed of +supernatural design and is known as “The Pearl of Salzillo.” The Angel +Gabriel is considered unrivalled, and the legend goes that the Duke of +Wellington bid £80,000 for this one figure. The figures are +magnificently clothed, the sword and crown of Jesus being set down in +the accounts of the brotherhood at £200 and £120 respectively. Perhaps +the finest of the groups is that which comes last--our Lady of Dolours, +whose expression of supreme sorrow has rarely been equalled whether by +chisel or brush. It is said that the sculptor copied it from the +countenance of his own daughter, to whom, with this end in view, he had +deliberately presented a forged letter announcing the suicide of her +betrothed. The _pasos_ are deposited in the Ermita de Jesus, where they +can be seen by the traveller. + +In the town of Murcia itself the influence of the Cross has almost +completely banished the Crescent. Gone is the Alcazar, where the Amirs +mimicked the State of Cordoba and Toledo; gone is the mosque, where +thousands of turbaned heads bowed daily towards Mecca. But in the centre +of the city is one of those squares found in every southern and eastern +city, which in Spain is always named after the Constitution, in Italy +after Victor Emmanuel, and in France after the Republic. To cross it in +the afternoon would mean sudden death, for Murcia is one of the hottest +corners of Europe. But later a gentle breeze springs up and the citizens +troop out to meet with friends upon the Malecon and admire the charming +view of the Segura valley, which, as M. Brunhés has said, is “an +admirable zone of model agricultural establishment.” This fertile huerta +bespeaks industry as great as that of the Swiss or Scottish peasant, for +the worship of sloth with which Mr. O’Shea charges the Murcian people is +groundless and unjust. + +A visit to the Cathedral will exhaust the architectural sights of +Murcia. Even this is not of first-class interest. Dating in parts from +1386 and Gothic in style, the west front is Churrigueresque, though +fortunately not in the most florid style of that unhappy architect. The +earthquake of 1829 and a fire in the middle of the last century have +greatly damaged the interior, but the general effect is sufficiently +striking. The choir-stalls of carved walnut are very beautiful, but the +reredos is poor. The eighth wonder of the world, in the opinion of the +inhabitants, is the little Velez Chapel modelled on the Constable’s +Chapel at Burgos, but parts of it, according to Don Rodrigo Amador de +los Rios, show the painful caprices and aberrations which announce the +death agony of a powerful art. Just beyond the Junteron Chapel, with +its wealth of beautifully sculptured figures and designs in the most +exuberant Renaissance style, is the urn where the city carefully guards +the internal organs of Alfonso the Learned--a gruesome legacy but one +greatly valued. + +Much older than Murcia, the old Visigothic capital Carthagena has +preserved even fewer monuments of antiquity, though it has not lost the +military character first impressed upon it by its founder Hasdrubal. For +this is the first arsenal of Spain and perhaps its strongest fortress. +Its splendid sheltered harbour is defended by powerful forts and +formidable batteries. Their fire has not always been directed upon the +enemies of Spain. For many months in 1873 over them waved the red flag +of the Intransigents, the extreme communistic republicans, who, +simultaneously with the Carlists of the north, threatened to ruin +Castelar’s Government at Madrid. The acquisition of the great national +arsenal without firing a shot was, of course, of the utmost advantage to +the determined revolutionaries. The garrison, in addition to the +enthusiastic population, included several revolted battalions of regular +troops under General Contreras. + +Against this terrible stronghold of the Revolution, General Martinez +Campos advanced with an army from Madrid, with orders to reduce the +place with the utmost despatch. This was easier said than done. Supplies +were lacking; the advantage in artillery lay entirely with the besieged. +The Carlists effected diversions in favour of the Intransigents--an odd +coalition. Meanwhile three of the revolutionary vessels were seized by a +Prussian squadron as pirates--an utterly unjustifiable interference with +the domestic affairs of another State. The Prussians and Italians +exacted, moreover, a war indemnity of 50,000 pesetas from the Cantonal +Junta, which body became a prey to internal dissensions. One of its +members was assassinated. Taking advantage of these embarrassments of +the besieged the republican troops redoubled their efforts. Señor +Castelar came down from Madrid to assume the supreme command, and +Martinez Campos was superseded by General Lopez Dominguez. An incessant +bombardment was kept up, the besieged responding shell by shell. In +January the frigate _Tetuan_ was burnt to the water’s edge, and a day or +two later the explosion of the magazine destroyed hundreds of the +garrison. The end was near. The city had for half a year defied almost +the whole kingdom and withstood the covert attacks of foreign Powers. +The Government troops forced their way into wretched, blood-drenched +Carthagena; Galvez, Contreras, and the leaders of the cantonal movement +escaped by sea in the ironclad _Numancia_, which far exceeded the +Government vessels in speed, and took refuge in Algeria. Thus collapsed +a movement which was, after the Commune of Paris, the most determined +organised attempt ever made to subvert the existing constitution of +European society. + +I have given at some length this chapter in the history of Carthagena, +partly because the town has little interest of itself, and partly +because these events though so recent and significant are ignored by +most writers of travel books. Out of so much evil good came at last, for +these well-nigh fatal disorders opened the eyes of the Spaniards to the +instability of the Madrid Government and formed the prelude to the reign +of peace inaugurated by the accession to the throne of King Alfonso XII. + +Boasting less than most Spanish provinces of sights that appeal only to +the casual tourist, Murcia is interesting as a region of perpetual +struggle and bloodshed; of struggle against nature, of struggles between +differing religions, and of the deadly internecine feuds of race and +race. + +[Illustration: PLATE 1 + +VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 2 + +VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW, LOOKING SOUTH] + +[Illustration: PLATE 3 + +VALENCIA: VIEW FROM THE PUENTE DEL MAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 4 + +VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 5 + +VALENCIA: VIEW FROM THE PUENTE DEL MAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 6 + +VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE TOWN BY THE PUERTA DE SANTA LUCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 7 + +VALENCIA: THE FAIR AT THE PUERTA DE SANTA LUCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 8 + +VALENCIA: PUERTA DE SERRANOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 9 + +VALENCIA: PUERTA DE CUARTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 10 + +VALENCIA: THE MARKET-PLACE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 11 + +VALENCIA: THE PUENTE REAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 12 + +VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA GLORIETA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 13 + +VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA GLORIETA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 14 + +VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA ALAMEDA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 15 + +VALENCIA: FOUNTAIN OF THE ALAMEDA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 16 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE LA ADUANA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 17 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE SANTO DOMINGO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 18 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE SAN FRANCISCO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 19 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE TÉTUAN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 20 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE LA CONSTITUCION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 21 + +VALENCIA: CALLE DE LA BAJADA DE SAN FRANCISCO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 22 + +VALENCIA: CALLE DE SAN VICENTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 23 + +VALENCIA: TROS ALT] + +[Illustration: PLATE 24 + +VALENCIA: CALLE DE LA BOLSERIA Y TROS ALT] + +[Illustration: PLATE 25 + +VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 26 + +VALENCIA CATHEDRAL: GATE OF THE APOSTLES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 27 + +VALENCIA: THE CATHEDRAL, PUERTA DEL PALAU] + +[Illustration: PLATE 28 + +VALENCIA CATHEDRAL: A DOOR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 29 + +VALENCIA: THE TEMPLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 30 + +VALENCIA: THE MIGUELETE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 31 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CATALINA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 32 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CATALINA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 33 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF LOS SANTOS JUANES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 34 + +VALENCIA: FAÇADE OF SAN MIGUEL EL REAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 35 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CRUZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 36 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CRUZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 37 + +VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE CHURCH OF SAN ANDRÉS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 38 + +VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 39 + +VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 40 + +VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 41 + +VALENCIA: THE AUDIENCIA, OLD PALACE OF THE CORTES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 42 + +VALENCIA: ROYAL HALL IN THE AUDIENCIA, UPPER PART] + +[Illustration: PLATE 43 + +VALENCIA: ROYAL HALL IN THE AUDIENCIA, LOWER PART] + +[Illustration: PLATE 44 + +VALENCIA: INTERIOR DOOR OF THE AUDIENCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 45 + +VALENCIA: THE EXCHANGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 46 + +VALENCIA: THE EXCHANGE. DETAIL OF THE GALLERY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 47 + +VALENCIA: INTERIOR OF THE EXCHANGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 48 + +VALENCIA: INTERIOR DOOR OF THE EXCHANGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 49 + +VALENCIA: COLEGIO DEL PATRIARCA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 50 + +VALENCIA: COURTYARD IN THE COLEGIO DEL PATRIARCA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 51 + +VALENCIA: COURTYARD OF THE UNIVERSITY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 52 + +VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE CIVIL HOSPITAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 53 + +VALENCIA: GATE OF MOSEN S’ORRELL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 54 + +VALENCIA: THE CUSTOM-HOUSE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 55 + +VALENCIA: THE ARCHBISHOP’S PALACE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 56 + +VALENCIA: THE BULL-RING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 57 + +VALENCIA: TOBACCO FACTORY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 58 + +VALENCIA: A PRIVATE HOUSE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 59 + +VALENCIA: STATUE OF KING JAIME] + +[Illustration: PLATE 60 + +VALENCIA: STATUE OF RIBERA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 61 + +VALENCIA: STATUE OF ST. CHRISTOPHER] + +[Illustration: PLATE 62 + +VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 63 + +VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 64 + +VALENCIA: PORTAL OF THE PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 65 + +VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUES DE RIPALDA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 66 + +GENERAL VIEW OF GRAO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 67 + +GRAO HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 68 + +GRAO HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 69 + +GRAO HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 70 + +CAMINO DEL GRAO: HERMITAGE OF AVE MARIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 71 + +VALENCIA: A “TARTANA,” OR CHAR-À-BANC] + +[Illustration: PLATE 72 + +VALENCIA: PEASANTS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 73 + +VALENCIA: PEASANTS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 74 + +VALENCIA: PEASANTS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 75 + +VALENCIA: TYPES OF WOMEN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 76 + +VALENCIA: TRIBUNAL DES EAUX] + +[Illustration: PLATE 77 + +VALENCIA: BARBERS ON THE BRIDGE OF SERRANOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 78 + +VALENCIA: ZIGZAG OF THE CABRILLAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 79 + +ENVIRONS OF VALENCIA: A ROAD IN CABAÑAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 80 + +ENVIRONS OF VALENCIA: A ROAD IN CABAÑAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 81 + +VALENCIA: THE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 82 + +VALENCIA: THE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 83 + +MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 84 + +MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 85 + +MURVIEDRO: VIEW FROM THE STATION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 86 + +MURVIEDRO: VIEW FROM THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 87 + +MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE AND TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 88 + +MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 89 + +MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE FROM ONE OF THE COURTS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 90 + +MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 91 + +MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 92 + +MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 93 + +MURVIEDRO: THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 94 + +MURVIEDRO: INTERIOR OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 95 + +MURVIEDRO: PRINCIPAL GATE OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 96 + +MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 97 + +MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 98 + +JATIVA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 99 + +JATIVA: VIEW FROM THE STATION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 100 + +JATIVA: THE CIVIL HOSPITAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 101 + +ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 102 + +ALICANTE: THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 103 + +ALICANTE: VIEW FROM THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 104 + +ALICANTE: THE BREAKWATER] + +[Illustration: PLATE 105 + +ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 106 + +ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 107 + +ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 108 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 109 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 110 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 111 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 112 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE NUÑEZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 113 + +ALICANTE: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 114 + +ALICANTE: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 115 + +ALICANTE: MONUMENT TO QUIJANO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 116 + +ALICANTE: THE BULL-RING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 117 + +ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 118 + +ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 119 + +ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 120 + +ELCHE: VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 121 + +ELCHE: PLAZA MAYOR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 122 + +ELCHE: VIEW FROM THE STATION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 123 + +ELCHE: THE ROAD TO ALICANTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 124 + +ELCHE: THE ROAD FROM ALICANTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 125 + +ELCHE: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 126 + +ELCHE: CHURCH OF SAN JUAN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 127 + +ELCHE: BRIDGE OVER THE RAMBLA DE ELCHE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 128 + +ELCHE: VIEW FROM THE RAILWAY BRIDGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 129 + +ELCHE: THE CANAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 130 + +ELCHE: WASHING LINEN IN THE CANAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 131 + +ELCHE: A CANAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 132 + +ELCHE: TOWER OF RAPSAMBLANC, BELONGING TO THE CONDE DE LUNA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 133 + +ELCHE: CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA, NOW A PRISON] + +[Illustration: PLATE 134 + +ELCHE: MILL AND CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 135 + +ELCHE: CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 136 + +ELCHE: CASTLE AND MILL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 137 + +ELCHE: PALMS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 138 + +ELCHE: COUNTRY SPINNERS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 139 + +ELCHE: CASA DE LA HUERTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 140 + +ELCHE: A COUNTRY ROAD] + +[Illustration: PLATE 141 + +ELCHE: A COUNTRY HOUSE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 142 + +ELCHE: A COUNTRY HOUSE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 143 + +ELCHE: A FAMOUS PALM] + +[Illustration: PLATE 144 + +ELCHE: A PALM CELEBRATED FOR ITS RESEMBLANCE TO A COLUMN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 145 + +ELCHE: PALM GROVES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 146 + +ELCHE: A ROAD] + +[Illustration: PLATE 147 + +SAX: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 148 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 149 + +MURCIA: VIEW FROM THE TOWER OF THE CATHEDRAL, TOWARDS THE SOUTH] + +[Illustration: PLATE 150 + +MURCIA: VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 151 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 152 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 153 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 154 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 155 + +MURCIA: THE BRIDGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 156 + +MURCIA: THE RIVER] + +[Illustration: PLATE 157 + +MURCIA: THE BRIDGE OVER THE SEGURA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 158 + +MURCIA: THE RIVER SEGURA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 159 + +MURCIA: THE FAIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 160 + +MURCIA: THE FAIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 161 + +MURCIA: THE MARKET-PLACE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 162 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTO DOMINGO ON MARKET-DAY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 163 + +MURCIA: PASEO DEL MALECON] + +[Illustration: PLATE 164 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTA CATALINA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 165 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE TOROS, NOW PLAZA DE SAN AUGUSTIN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 166 + +MURCIA: PASEO DEL ARENAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 167 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE SAN PEDRO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 168 + +MURCIA: PASEO DE FLORIDABLANCA AND PALACE OF THE EXHIBITION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 169 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTA ISABELLA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 170 + +MURCIA: CALLE DEL PUENTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 171 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE LA GLORIÉTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 172 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE LA GLORIÉTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 173 + +MURCIA: THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 174 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 175 + +MURCIA: PRINCIPAL FAÇADE OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 176 + +MURCIA: TOWER OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 177 + +MURCIA: SIDE DOOR OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 178 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: GATE OF THE APOSTLES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 179 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 180 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE FAÇADE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 181 + +MURCIA: DETAIL OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 182 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: WINDOW OF THE BELFRY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 183 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: PRINCIPAL NAVE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 184 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: LATERAL NAVE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 185 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: BEHIND THE CHOIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 186 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: ENTRANCE TO THE CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 187 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 188 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE HIGH ALTAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 189 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE HIGH ALTAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 190 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CHOIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 191 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE BISHOP’S THRONE, IN THE CHOIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 192 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE CHOIR STALLS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 193 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE CHOIR STALLS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 194 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE SACRISTY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 195 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: TOMB OF ALFONSO THE WISE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 196 + +MURCIA: CHURCH OF SANTO DOMINGO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 197 + +MURCIA: CHURCH OF SANTO DOMINGO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 198 + +MURCIA: CHURCH OF SAN BARTOLOMÉ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 199 + +MURCIA: FAÇADE OF THE CONVENT DE LA MISERICORDIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 200 + +MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE VILLAFRANCA DE LOS VELEZ AND CONVENT OF +SANTA CLARA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 201 + +MURCIA: THE EPISCOPAL PALACE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 202 + +MURCIA: CASA HUERTA DE LAS BOMBAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 203 + +MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ALMODOVAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 204 + +MURCIA: PALACE OF THE BARON DE ALBALA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 205 + +MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ESPINARDO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 206 + +MURCIA: THE “CONTRASTE”] + +[Illustration: PLATE 207 + +MURCIA: MONUMENT TO SALZILLO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 208 + +MURCIA: ROMAN ALTAR DEDICATED TO PEACE, FOUND IN CARTHAGENA AND MOVED IN +1594 TO THE PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ESPINARDO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 209 + +MURCIA: HOUSE IN THE CALLE JABONERIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 210 + +MURCIA: HOUSE OF THE PAINTER VILLASIS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 211 + +MURCIA: A BALCONY IN THE CALLE TRAPERIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 212 + +MURCIA: PUERTA CADENAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 213 + +MURCIA: TEATRO DE ROMEA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 214 + +MURCIA: THE BULL RING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 215 + +MURCIA: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 216 + +MURCIA: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 217 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION LEAVING THE CHURCH OF JESUS IN HOLY WEEK ST. +VERONICA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 218 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION LEAVING THE CHURCH OF JESUS IN HOLY WEEK + +THE KISS OF JUDAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 219 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. THE GARDEN OF GETHSEMANE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 220 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. OUR LORD FALLING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 221 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. THE SCOURGING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 222 + +MURCIA: CHURCH OF JESUS THE LAST SUPPER, BY ZARZILLO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 223 + +MURCIA: PILGRIMAGE OF ST. BLAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 224 + +MURCIA: RUINS OF THE ARAB BATHS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 225 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: CONVENT OF SAN JERONIMO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 226 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 227 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 228 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 229 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: CASTLE OF MONTEAGUDO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 230 + +MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 231 + +MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 232 + +MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 233 + +MURCIA: A CART LOADED WITH “TINAJAS”] + +[Illustration: PLATE 234 + +MURCIA: HARVEST-TIME] + +[Illustration: PLATE 235 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 236 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 237 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: VIEW FROM THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 238 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS, DATE-GATHERING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 239 + +ORIHUELA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 240 + +ORIHUELA: GENERAL VIEW FROM THE PUERTA DE MURCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 241 + +ORIHUELA: THE RIVER SEGURA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 242 + +ORIHUELA: THE RIVER SEGURA FROM THE EAST] + +[Illustration: PLATE 243 + +ORIHUELA: DOOR OF THE CHURCH OF SANTIAGO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 244 + +CARTHAGENA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 245 + +CARTHAGENA: A PARTIAL VIEW.] + +[Illustration: PLATE 246 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE STATION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 247 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE HIGH ROAD] + +[Illustration: PLATE 248 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM QUITAPELLIJOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 249 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF ATALAYA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 250 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF ATALAYA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 251 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM ST. JOSEPH’S MILL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 252 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM ST. JOSEPH’S MILL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 253 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF GALERA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 254 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF GALERA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 255 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW OF THE HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 256 + +CARTHAGENA: SANTA LUCIA AND THE HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 257 + +CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM SANTA LUCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 258 + +CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM SANTA LUCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 259 + +CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM THE POWDER MAGAZINE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 260 + +CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM TRINCABATIJOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 261 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE ESPLANADERO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 262 + +CARTHAGENA: THE ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR FROM TRINCABATIJOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 263 + +CARTHAGENA: THE BREAKWATER] + +[Illustration: PLATE 264 + +CARTHAGENA: ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 265 + +CARTHAGENA: ENTRANCE TO THE ARSENAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 266 + +CARTHAGENA: PUERTA DEL MAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 267 + +CARTHAGENA: PUERTA DE MURCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 268 + +CARTHAGENA: PLAZA DE LAS MONJAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 269 + +CARTHAGENA: THE MARINE COLLEGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 270 + +CARTHAGENA: THE BULL-RING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 271 + +ARCHENA: THE BATHS, FROM LA SIERRA DE VERDELENA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 272 + +ARCHENA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE BATHS FROM THE WEST] + +[Illustration: PLATE 273 + +ARCHENA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE BATHS AT THE ENTRANCE TO THE VILLAGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 274 + +ARCHENA: ENTRANCE TO THE BATHS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 275 + +ARCHENA: THE CARRETERA AND RIVER SEGURA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 276 + +ARCHENA: VIEW OF THE CHURCH] + +[Illustration: PLATE 277 + +ARCHENA: INTERIOR OF THE CHURCH] + +[Illustration: PLATE 278 + +ARCHENA: THE CHURCH: ALTAR OF THE “VIRGEN DE LA SALUD”] + +[Illustration: PLATE 279 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF VILLANUEVA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 280 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF BLANCA FROM THE SALTO DEL PALOMO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 281 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF BLANCA FROM BUJAMENTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 282 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE AND GARDENS OF ULEA FROM VILLANUEVA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 283 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE AND GARDENS OF ULEA, EAST SIDE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 284 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE OF OJOS AND MOUNTAINS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 285 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: THE GARDENS OF OJOS, FROM THE LOVERS’ LEAP] + +[Illustration: PLATE 286 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: THE LOVERS’ LEAP] + +[Illustration: PLATE 287 + +LORCA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 288 + +LORCA: VIEW FROM THE RAILWAY STATION] + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Valencia and Murcia, by Albert F. Calvert + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 63136 *** diff --git a/63136-h/63136-h.htm b/63136-h/63136-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8aa79c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/63136-h/63136-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,4927 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" +"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> + <head> <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> +<title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of +Valencia and Murcia, by Albert F. Calvert. +</title> +<style type="text/css"> + +a:link {background-color:#ffffff;color:blue;text-decoration:none;} + + link {background-color:#ffffff;color:blue;text-decoration:none;} + +a:visited {background-color:#ffffff;color:purple;text-decoration:none;} + +a:hover {background-color:#ffffff;color:#FF0000;text-decoration:underline;} + +big {font-size: 130%;} + +body{margin-left:4%;margin-right:6%;background:#ffffff;color:black;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif;font-size:medium;} + +.bbox {border:solid 2px black;margin:2em auto; +max-width:20em;padding:1em;} + +.c {text-align:center;text-indent:0%;} + +.caption {font-weight:normal;font-size:100%;text-align:center;text-indent:0%;} + +.caption1 {font-weight:normal;font-size:100%;text-align:center;text-indent:0%; +font-variant:small-caps;} + +.cb {text-align:center;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;} + +.figcenter {margin:3% auto 3% auto;clear:both; +text-align:center;text-indent:0%;} + + h1 {margin-top:5%;text-align:center;clear:both; +font-weight:normal;} + + h2 {margin-top:4%;margin-bottom:2%;text-align:center;clear:both; + font-size:105%;font-weight:normal;} + + hr {width:90%;margin:2em auto 2em auto;clear:both;color:black;} + + hr.full {width: 60%;margin:2% auto 2% auto;border-top:1px solid black; +padding:.1em;border-bottom:1px solid black;border-left:none;border-right:none;} + + img {border:none;} + +.nind {text-indent:0%;} + +.nonvis {display:inline;} + @media print, handheld + {.nonvis + {display: none;} + } + + p {margin-top:.2em;text-align:justify;margin-bottom:.2em;text-indent:4%;} + +.pagenum {font-style:normal;position:absolute; +left:95%;font-size:55%;text-align:right;color:gray; +background-color:#ffffff;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-indent:0em;} +@media print, handheld +{.pagenum + {display: none;} + } + +.rt {text-align:right;} + +small {font-size: 70%;} + +.smcap {font-variant:small-caps;font-size:100%;} + +table {margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:2%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border:none;} + +td {padding-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;} + +th {padding-top:2em;padding-bottom:1em;} + +div.pote {text-align:center;} +div.potem {font-size:100%;margin:auto auto;text-indent:0%; +display: inline-block; text-align: left;} +.stot {margin-top: .5em;margin-bottom:5em;} +</style> + </head> +<body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 63136 ***</div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="figcenter"> +<a href="images/cover.jpg"> +<img src="images/cover.jpg" +height="550" alt="[Image of +the book's cover unavailable.]" /></a> +</p> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="" +style="border: 2px black solid;margin:auto auto;max-width:50%; +padding:1%;"> +<tr><td> + +<p class="c"><a href="#CONTENTS">Contents.</a></p> + +<p class="c"><a href="#LIST_OF_ILLUSTRATIONS">List of Illustrations</a><br /> <span class="nonvis">(In certain versions of this etext [in certain browsers] +clicking on the image will bring up a larger version.)</span></p> + +<p class="c">(etext transcriber's note: No misspellings of Spanish words +have been corrected.)</p></td></tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_i" id="page_i">{i}</a></span> </p> + +<p class="c">THE SPANISH SERIES</p> + +<p class="c"><big>VALENCIA AND MURCIA</big></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_ii" id="page_ii">{ii}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="bbox"> +<p class="c">THE SPANISH SERIES<br /><br /> +<i>EDITED BY<br /> +ALBERT F. CALVERT</i></p> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> + +<tr><td style="padding:0%;" class="nind"> +<span class="smcap">Goya</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Toledo</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Madrid</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Seville</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Murillo</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Cordova</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">El Greco</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Velazquez</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Cervantes</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">The Prado</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">The Escorial</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Royal Palaces of Spain</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Spanish Arms and Armour</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Granada and the Alhambra</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Leon, Burgos, and Salamanca</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Valladolid, Oviedo, Segovia, Zamora, Avila, and Zaragoza</span><br /> +</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_iii" id="page_iii">{iii}</a></span> </p> + +<h1>VALENCIA<br /> +AND MURCIA</h1> + +<div class="pote"><div class="potem"> +<div class="stot"><b> +A GLANCE AT AFRICAN SPAIN<br /> +BY A. F. CALVERT <img src="images/flwrs.png" +width="100" +alt="" +/><br /> + +WITH 288 PLATES <img src="images/flwrs.png" +width="100" +alt="" +/><br /></b> +</div> +</div> +</div> + +<p class="cb"> +LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD<br /> +NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY: MCMXI<br /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_iv" id="page_iv">{iv}</a></span> + +<br /><br /><br /> +<small>THE BALLANTYNE PRESS TAVISTOCK STREET COVENT GARDEN LONDON<br /></small> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_v" id="page_v">{v}</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS"></a>CONTENTS</h2> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> + +<tr><td> </td><td><small>PAGE</small></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#THE_OLD_KINGDOM_OF_VALENCIA">THE OLD KINGDOM OF VALENCIA</a></td><td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_1">1</a></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#SAGUNTUM_AND_CASTELLON">SAGUNTUM AND CASTELLON</a></td><td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_26">26</a></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#THE_KINGDOM_OF_MURCIA">THE KINGDOM OF MURCIA</a></td><td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_33">33</a></td></tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_vi" id="page_vi">{vi}</a></span> </p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_vii" id="page_vii">{vii}</a></span> </p> + +<h2><a name="LIST_OF_ILLUSTRATIONS" id="LIST_OF_ILLUSTRATIONS"></a>LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS</h2> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="" +style="margin:1em auto;max-width:85%;"> + +<tr><th colspan="2">VALENCIA</th></tr> + +<tr><td class="c"><small>TITLE</small></td> +<td class="rt"><small>PLATE</small></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_001">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_001">1</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_002">General View, looking South</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_002">2</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_003">View from the Puente del Mar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_003">3</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_004">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_004">4</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_005">View from the Puente del Mar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_005">5</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_006">Entrance to the Town by the Puerta de Santa Lucia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_006">6</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_007">The Fair at the Puerta de Santa Lucia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_007">7</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_008">Puerta de Serranos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_008">8</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_009">Puerta de Cuarte</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_009">9</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_010">The Market-Place</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_010">10</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_011">The Puente Real</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_011">11</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_012">Paseo de la Glorieta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_012">12</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_013">Paseo de la Glorieta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_013">13</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_014">Paseo de la Alameda</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_014">14</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_015">Fountain of the Alameda</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_015">15</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_016">Plaza de la Aduana</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_016">16</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_017">Plaza de Santo Domingo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_017">17</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_018">Plaza de San Francisco</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_018">18</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_019">Plaza de Tétuan</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_019">19</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_020">Plaza de la Constitucion</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_020">20</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_021">Calle de la Bajada de San Francisco</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_021">21</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_022">Calle de San Vicente</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_022">22</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_023">Tros Alt</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_023">23</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_024">Calle de la Bolseria y Tros Alt</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_024">24</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_025">General View of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_025">25</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_026">The Cathedral: Gate of the Apostles</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_026">26</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_027">The Cathedral: Puerta del Palau</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_027">27</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_028">The Cathedral: A Door</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_028">28</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_029">The Temple</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_029">29</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_030">The Miguelete</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_030">30</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_031">Church of Santa Catalina</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_031">31</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_032">Church of Santa Catalina</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_032">32</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_033">Church of Los Santos Juanes</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_033">33</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_034">Façade of San Miguel el Real</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_034">34</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_035">Church of Santa Cruz</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_035">35</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_036">Church of Santa Cruz</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_036">36</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_037">Entrance to the Church of San Andrés</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_037">37</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_038">The Campo-Santo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_038">38</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_039">The Campo-Santo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_039">39</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_040">The Campo-Santo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_040">40</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_041">The Audiencia, old Palace of the Cortes</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_041">41</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_042">Royal Hall in the Audiencia, upper part</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_042">42</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_043">Royal Hall in the Audiencia, lower part</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_043">43</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_044">Interior Door of the Audiencia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_044">44</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_045">The Exchange</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_045">45</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_046">The Exchange: Detail of the Gallery</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_046">46</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_047">Interior of the Exchange</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_047">47</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_048">Interior Door of the Exchange</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_048">48</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_049">Colegio del Patriarca</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_049">49</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_050">Courtyard in the Colegio del Patriarca</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_050">50</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_051">Courtyard of the University</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_051">51</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_052">Entrance to the Civil Hospital</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_052">52</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_053">Gate of Mosen S’Orrell</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_053">53</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_054">The Custom-House</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_054">54</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_055">The Archbishop’s Palace</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_055">55</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_056">The Bull-Ring</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_056">56</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_057">Tobacco Factory</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_057">57</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_058">A Private House</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_058">58</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_059">Statue of King Jaime</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_059">59</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_060">Statue of Ribera</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_060">60</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_061">Statue of St Christopher</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_061">61</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_062">Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_062">62</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_063">Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_063">63</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_064">Portal of the Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_064">64</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_065">Palace of the Marqués de Ripalda</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_065">65</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_066">General View of Grao</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_066">66</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_067">Grao Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_067">67</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_068">Grao Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_068">68</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_069">Grao Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_069">69</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_070">Camino del Grao: Hermitage of Ave Maria</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_070">70</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_071">A “Tartana,” or Char-à-banc</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_071">71</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_072">Peasants</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_072">72</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_073">Peasants</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_073">73</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_074">Peasants</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_074">74</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_075">Types of Women</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_075">75</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_076">“Tribunal des Eaux”</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_076">76</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_077">Barbers on the Bridge of Serranos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_077">77</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_078">Zigzag of the Cabrillas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_078">78</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_079">A Road in Cabañal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_079">79</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_080">A Road in Cabañal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_080">80</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_081">The Shores of the Mediterranean</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_081">81</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_082">The Shores of the Mediterranean</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_082">82</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">MURVIEDRO</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_083">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_083">83</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_084">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_084">84</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_085">View from the Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_085">85</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_086">View from the Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_086">86</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_087">The Castle and Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_087">87</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_088">The Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_088">88</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_089">The Castle from one of the Courts</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_089">89</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_090">Entrance to the Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_090">90</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_091">General View of the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_091">91</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_092">General View of the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_092">92</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_093">The Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_093">93</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_094">Interior of the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_094">94</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_095">Principal Gate of the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_095">95</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_096">Entrance to the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_096">96</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_097">Entrance to the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_097">97</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">JATIVA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_098">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_098">98</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_099">View from the Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_099">99</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_100">The Civil Hospital</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_100">100</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">ALICANTE</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_101">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_101">101</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_102">The Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_102">102</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_103">View from the Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_103">103</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_104">The Breakwater</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_104">104</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_105">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_105">105</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_106">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_106">106</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_107">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_107">107</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_108">Paseo de los Martires</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_108">108</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_109">Paseo de los Martires</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_109">109</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_110">Paseo de los Martires</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_110">110</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_111">Paseo de los Martires</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_111">111</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_112">Paseo de Nuñez</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_112">112</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_113">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_113">113</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_114">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_114">114</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_115">Monument to Quijano</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_115">115</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_116">The Bull-Ring</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_116">116</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">ELCHE</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_117">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_117">117</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_118">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_118">118</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_119">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_119">119</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_120">View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_120">120</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_121">Plaza Mayor</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_121">121</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_122">View from the Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_122">122</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_123">The Road to Alicante</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_123">123</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_124">The Road from Alicante</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_124">124</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_125">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_125">125</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_126">Church of San Juan</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_126">126</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_127">Bridge over the Rambla de Elche</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_127">127</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_128">View from the Railway Bridge</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_128">128</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_129">The Canal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_129">129</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_130">Washing Linen in the Canal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_130">130</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_131">A Canal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_131">131</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_132">Tower of Rapsamblanc, belonging to the Conde de Luna</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_132">132</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_133">Castle of the Duque de Altamira, now a Prison</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_133">133</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_134">Mill and Castle of the Duque de Altamira</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_134">134</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_135">Castle of the Duque de Altamira</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_135">135</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_136">Castle and Mill</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_136">136</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_137">Palms</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_137">137</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_138">Country Spinners</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_138">138</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_139">Casa de la Huerta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_139">139</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_140">A Country Road</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_140">140</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_141">A Country House</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_141">141</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_142">A Country House</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_142">142</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_143">A Famous Palm</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_143">143</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_144">A Palm celebrated for its Resemblance to a Column</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_144">144</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_145">Palm Groves</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_145">145</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_146">A Road</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_146">146</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">SAX</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_147">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_147">147</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">MURCIA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_148">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_148">148</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_149">View from the Tower of the Cathedral, towards the South</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_149">149</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_150">View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_150">150</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_151">General View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_151">151</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_152">General View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_152">152</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_153">General View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_153">153</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_154">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_154">154</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_155">The Bridge</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_155">155</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_156">The River</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_156">156</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_157">The Bridge over the Segura</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_157">157</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_158">The River Segura</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_158">158</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_159">The Fair</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_159">159</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_160">The Fair</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_160">160</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_161">The Market-Place</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_161">161</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_162">Plaza de Santo Domingo on Market-Day</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_162">162</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_163">Paseo del Malecon</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_163">163</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_164">Plaza de Santa Catalina</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_164">164</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_165">Plaza de Toros, now Plaza de San Agustin</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_165">165</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_166">Paseo del Arenal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_166">166</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_167">Plaza de San Pedro</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_167">167</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_168">Paseo de Floridablanca and Palace of the Exhibition</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_168">168</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_169">Plaza de Santa Isabella</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_169">169</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_170">Calle del Puente</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_170">170</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_171">Plaza de la Gloriéta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_171">171</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_172">Plaza de la Gloriéta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_172">172</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_173">The Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_173">173</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_174">General View of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_174">174</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_175">Principal Façade of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_175">175</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_176">Tower of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_176">176</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_177">Side Door of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_177">177</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_178">The Cathedral: Gate of the Apostles</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_178">178</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_179">The Cathedral: Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_179">179</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_180">The Cathedral: Detail of the Façade</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_180">180</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_181">Detail of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_181">181</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_182">The Cathedral: Window of the Belfry</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_182">182</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_183">The Cathedral: Principal Nave</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_183">183</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_184">The Cathedral: Lateral Nave</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_184">184</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_185">The Cathedral: Behind the Choir</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_185">185</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_186">The Cathedral: Entrance to the Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_186">186</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_187">The Cathedral: Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_187">187</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_188">The Cathedral: The High Altar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_188">188</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_189">The Cathedral: The High Altar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_189">189</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_190">The Cathedral: General View of the Choir</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_190">190</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_191">The Cathedral: The Bishop’s Throne, in the Choir</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_191">191</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_192">The Cathedral: Detail of the Choir Stalls</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_192">192</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_193">The Cathedral: Detail of the Choir Stalls</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_193">193</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_194">The Cathedral: The Sacristy</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_194">194</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_195">The Cathedral: Tomb of Alfonso the Wise</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_195">195</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_196">Church of Santo Domingo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_196">196</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_197">Church of Santo Domingo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_197">197</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_198">Church of San Bartolomé</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_198">198</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_199">Façade of the Convent de la Misericordia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_199">199</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_200">Palace of the Marqués de Villafranca de los Velez, and Convent of Santa Clara</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_200">200</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_201">The Episcopal Palace</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_201">201</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_202">Casa Huerta de las Bombas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_202">202</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_203">Palace of the Marqués de Almodovar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_203">203</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_204">Palace of the Baron de Albalá</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_204">204</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_205">Palace of the Marqués de Espinardo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_205">205</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_206">The “Contraste”</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_206">206</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_207">Monument to Salzillo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_207">207</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_208">Roman Altar dedicated to Peace, found in Carthagena and moved in 1594 to the Palace of the Marqués de Espinardo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_208">208</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_209">House in the Calle Jaboneria</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_209">209</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_210">House of the Painter Villasis</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_210">210</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_211">A Balcony in the Calle Traperia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_211">211</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_212">Puerta Cadenas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_212">212</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_213">Teatro de Romea</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_213">213</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_214">The Bull-Ring</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_214">214</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_215">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_215">215</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_216">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_216">216</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_217">Procession leaving the Church of Jesus in Holy Week—St. Veronica</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_217">217</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_218">Procession leaving the Church of Jesus in Holy Week—Th Kiss of Judas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_218">218</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_219">Procession in Holy Week. The Garden of Gethsemane</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_219">219</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_220">Procession in Holy Week. Our Lord Falling</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_220">220</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_221">Procession in Holy Week. The Scourging</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_221">221</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_222">Church of Jesus. The Last Supper, by Zarzillo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_222">222</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_223">Pilgrimage of St. Blas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_223">223</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_224">Ruins of the Arab Baths</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_224">224</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_225">Environs of Murcia: Convent of San Jeronimo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_225">225</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_226">Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_226">226</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_227">Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_227">227</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_228">Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_228">228</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_229">Environs of Murcia: Castle of Monteagudo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_229">229</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_230">Paisaje de la Huerta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_230">230</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_231">Paisaje de la Huerta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_231">231</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_232">Paisaje de la Huerta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_232">232</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_233">A Cart Loaded with “Tinajas”</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_233">233</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_234">Harvest-Time</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_234">234</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_235">Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_235">235</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_236">Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_236">236</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_237">Environs of Murcia: View from the Huerta des Capucins</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_237">237</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_238">Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins—Date-Gathering</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_238">238</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">ORIHUELA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_239">General View</a></td><td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_239">239</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_240">General View from the Puerta de Murcia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_240">240</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_241">The River Segura</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_241">241</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_242">The River Segura from the East</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_242">242</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_243">Door of the Church of Santiago</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_243">243</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">CARTHAGENA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_244">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_244">244</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_245">A Partial View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_245">245</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_246">View from the Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_246">246</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_247">View from the High Road</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_247">247</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_248">View from Quitapellijos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_248">248</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_249">View from the Fort of Atalaya</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_249">249</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_250">View from the Fort of Atalaya</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_250">250</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_251">View from St. Joseph’s Mill</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_251">251</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_252">View from St. Joseph’s Mill</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_252">252</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_253">View from the Fort of Galera</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_253">253</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_254">View from the Fort of Galera</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_254">254</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_255">View of the Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_255">255</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_256">Santa Lucia and the Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_256">256</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_257">The Harbour from Santa Lucia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_257">257</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_258">The Harbour from Santa Lucia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_258">258</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_259">The Harbour from the Powder Magazine</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_259">259</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_260">The Harbour from Trincabatijos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_260">260</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_261">View from the Esplanadero</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_261">261</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_262">The Entrance to the Harbour from Trincabatijos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_262">262</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_263">The Breakwater</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_263">263</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_264">Entrance to the Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_264">264</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_265">Entrance to the Arsenal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_265">265</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_266">Puerta del Mar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_266">266</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_267">Puerta de Murcia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_267">267</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_268">Plaza de las Monjas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_268">268</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_269">The Marine College</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_269">269</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_270">The Bull-Ring</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_270">270</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">ARCHENA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_271">The Baths, from La Sierra de Verdelena</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_271">271</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_272">General View of the Baths from the West</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_272">272</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_273">General View of the Baths at the Entrance to the Village</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_273">273</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_274">Entrance to the Baths</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_274">274</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_275">The Carretera and River Segura</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_275">275</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_276">View of the Church</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_276">276</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_277">Interior of the Church</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_277">277</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_278">The Church: Altar of the “Virgen de la Salud”</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_278">278</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_279">Environs of Archena: View of Villanueva</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_279">279</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_280">Environs of Archena: View of Blanca from the Salto del Palomo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_280">280</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_281">Environs of Archena: View of Blanca from Bujamente</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_281">281</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_282">Environs of Archena: Village and Gardens of Ulea from Villanueva</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_282">282</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_283">Environs of Archena: Village and Gardens of Ulea, East Side</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_283">283</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_284">Environs of Archena: Village of Ojos and Mountains</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_284">284</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_285">Environs of Archena: The Gardens of Ojos, from the Lovers’ Leap</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_285">285</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_286">Environs of Archena: The Lovers’ Leap</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_286">286</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">LORCA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_287">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_287">287</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_288">View from the Railway Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_288">288</a></td></tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_1" id="page_1">{1}</a></span> </p> + +<h1>VALENCIA & MURCIA</h1> + +<h2><a name="THE_OLD_KINGDOM_OF_VALENCIA" id="THE_OLD_KINGDOM_OF_VALENCIA"></a>THE OLD KINGDOM OF VALENCIA</h2> + +<p class="nind"><span class="smcap">Shut</span> in between the barren range of the Sierra Molina on the north, and +the arid plains of Murcia to the south, the ancient Kingdom of Valencia +is one of the regions of Spain least visited by the tourist. And yet, a +flowering and fruitful Eden, it lies beneath a burning sun, its waters +trained in obedience to the hand of man. It puts forth a vegetation of +tropical luxuriance. Demeter has blessed the land. Under the soft +caressing winds that sweep up from the Mediterranean the soil yields +four or five crops in the year to the industry of the peasant. And if at +times the dreaded sirocco, charged with poisonous vapours from the +Albufera, lays the country prostrate—well, for every Paradise was +devised a snake!</p> + +<p>The people of the province, with the exception of those of Orihuela, +speak that variety of the Romance which I may call Catalan, and which, +with local modification, is common all along the eastern coast of Spain +from the mouth of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_2" id="page_2">{2}</a></span> Segura to the frontier of Rousillon. Limousin, as +it is sometimes called, is not a mere dialect, but a quite distinct +language, a survival of the old <i>Langue d’oc</i>. Probably it was spoken by +those Romanised Spaniards who were driven north of the Pyrenees by the +Arabic invasion. It would be restored by them when they reconquered this +portion of their old territory. The Christian population, before +Valencia was recovered by Jaime el Conqueridor of Aragon, spoke +Castilian or a tongue akin to it. But the Catalan of the new rulers was +stronger, and soon swept aside the common speech of the people. +Curiously enough, this same Catalan was not the language used in Aragon +itself, a fact which no doubt had a strong determining influence in the +choice of Castilian at the time of the unification of the two kingdoms. +Why Orihuela alone clung to its old Castilian tongue in despite of the +Conqueror is not clear, unless it was owing merely to the proximity of +Murcia.</p> + +<p>In character the Valencians are superstitious, revengeful, relentless in +hate. “Ni olvido ni perdono” is their motto. They love the colour and +joy of life. Dancing and love-making are their chief delights. And yet +they are a laborious race. But their white, rather flabby appearance +proclaims them lacking in backbone and initiative. “Flesh is grass, and +grass is water. The men<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_3" id="page_3">{3}</a></span> are women, the women—nothing!” says their own +proverb.</p> + +<p>The fertile huerta has found its novelist in Blasco Ibañez, a native of +Valencia, who has beautifully described the languid life of the +province. A translation must necessarily lack the force and elegance of +the master’s style, but the following passages will at least enable the +reader to picture a summer in the south:</p> + +<p>“When the vast plain awakes in the bluish light of dawn, the last of the +nightingales that have sung through the night breaks off abruptly in his +final trill, as though he had been stricken by the steely shaft of day. +Sparrows in whole coveys burst forth from the thatched roofs, and +beneath this aerial rabble preening their wings the trees shake and nod.</p> + +<p>“One by one the murmurs of the night subside; the trickling of the +water-courses, the sighing of the reeds, the barking of the watchful +dogs, other sounds belonging to the day, grow louder and fill the +huerta, the crow of the cock is heard from every farm, and the village +bells proclaim the call to prayer borne across from the towers of +Valencia, which are yet misty in the distance. From the farmyards arises +a discordant animal concert—the neighing of horses, the bellowing of +oxen, the clucking of hens, the bleating of lambs, the grunting of +swine—the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_4" id="page_4">{4}</a></span> sounds produced by beasts that scent the keen odour of +vegetation in the morning breeze and are hungry for the fields.</p> + +<p>“The sky is suffused with light, and with light life inundates the plain +and penetrates to the interior of human and animal abodes. Doors open +creaking. In the porches white figures appear, their hands clasped +behind their necks, scanning the horizon. From the stables issue towards +the city milch cows, herds of goats, manure-carts. Bells tinkle between +the dwarf trees bordering the high road, and every now and again is +heard the sharp “Arre, Aca” of the drivers.</p> + +<p>“On the thresholds of the cottages those bound for the town exchange +greetings with those who stay in the fields. ‘Bon dia nos done Deu!’ +[May God give us a good day!] ‘Bon Dia.’</p> + +<p>“Immense is the energy, the explosion of life at midsummer, the best +season of the year, the time of harvest and abundance. Space throbs with +light and heat. The African sun rains torrents of fire on the land +already crackled and wrinkled by its burning caresses, and its golden +beams pierce the dense foliage, beneath which are hidden the canals and +trenches to save them from the all-powerful vivifying heat.</p> + +<p>“The branches of the trees are heavy with fruit. They bend beneath the +weight of yellow<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_5" id="page_5">{5}</a></span> grapes covered with glazed leaves. Like the pink +cheeks of a child grow the apricots amid the verdure. Children greedily +eye the luxurious burden of the fig-trees. From the gardens is wafted +the scent of jasmin, and the magnolias dispense their incense in the +burning air, laden with the perfume of cereals.</p> + +<p>“The gleaming scythe has already sheared the land, levelling the golden +fields of wheat and the tall corn-stalks which bowed beneath their heavy +load of life. The hay forms yellow hills which reflect the colour of the +sun. The wheat is winnowed in a whirlwind of dust; in the naked fields +among the stubble sparrows hop from spot to spot in search of stray +gleanings. Everywhere are happiness and joyous labour. Waggons go +groaning down the road; children frolic in the fields and among the +sheaves, thinking of the wheaten cakes in prospect, and of the lazy +pleasant life which begins for the farmer when his barn is filled. Even +the old horses stride along more gaily, cheered by the smell of the +golden grain which will flow steadily into their mangers as the year +rolls on.</p> + +<p>“When the harvest has levelled the panorama and cleared the great +stretches of wheat sprinkled with poppies, the plain seems vast, almost +illimitable. Farther than the eye can reach stretch its great squares of +red soil, marked off by paths and<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_6" id="page_6">{6}</a></span> trenches. The Sunday’s rest is +rigorously observed over the whole countryside. Not a man is seen +toiling in the fields, not a beast at work on the road. Down the paths +pass old women with their mantillas drawn over their eyes, and their +little chairs hanging to their arms. In the distance resound, like the +tearing of linen, the shots fired at the swallows, which fly hither and +thither in circles. A noise seems to be produced by their wings ruffling +the crystal firmament. From the canals rises the murmur of clouds of +almost invisible flies. In a farm all painted blue, under an ancient +arbour, there is a whirlwind of gaily-coloured shawls and petticoats, +while the guitars with their drowsy rhythm and the strident cornets +accompany the measures of the Valencian ‘Jota.’</p> + +<p>“In the village the little plaza is thronged with the field-folk. The +men are in their shirt-sleeves with black sashes and gorgeous +handkerchiefs arranged mitre-like on their heads. The old men lean on +their big Liria sticks. The young men, with sleeves turned up, display +their red nervous arms and carry mere sprigs of ash between their huge +knotted fingers.</p> + +<p>“In the afternoon, towards the fountain along the road, bordered with +poplars which shake their silvered foliage, go groups of girls with +their pitchers on their heads. Their rhythmical move<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_7" id="page_7">{7}</a></span>ments and their +grace recall the Athenian Canephori. This procession to the well lends +to the huerta something of a Biblical character. The Fontana de la Reina +is the pride of the huerta, condemned to drink the water of wells, and +the red and dirty liquid of the canals. It is esteemed as an ancient and +valuable work. It has a square basin with walls of reddish stone. The +water is below the soil. You reach the bottom by means of six green and +slippery steps. Opposite the steps is a defaced bas-relief, probably a +Virgin attended by angels—no doubt an ex-voto of the time of the +Conquest. Laughter and chatter are not wanting round the well. The girls +cluster round, eager to fill their pitchers but in no hurry to depart. +They jostle each other on the steps, with their petticoats gathered in +between their legs, the better to lean forward and to plunge their +vessels into the basin. The surface of the water is unceasingly troubled +by the bubbles rising from the sandy bed, which is covered with weeds +waving in the current.”</p> + +<p>The exuberant natural life pictured in these passages is not altogether +due to the bounty of nature. The scorching sun would have brought death +instead of life to Valencia without the co-operation of man. The whole +province is a triumph of irrigation. The Moors were masters of hydraulic +science. They tapped the Jucar and<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_8" id="page_8">{8}</a></span> the Guadalaviar and drew their +waters through the Moncada and seven smaller but magnificent canals into +every corner of the land. This was the legacy they left behind when they +were so suicidally expelled. Their successors, as Mr. Richard Ford so +eloquently puts it, exercise “a magic control over water, wielding it at +their bidding”—presumably as Gilbert’s hero Ferdinando brandished the +turtle soup!</p> + +<p>Bequeathed also directly by the Moors, the Tribunal of the Waters is the +most interesting sight of Valencia. It is independent of all law; no +Government has ever touched it; it has no written records. The court +meets every Thursday morning at eleven o’clock at the Apostles’ Gate of +the Cathedral in the capital, to try all cases and disputes in regard to +the precious water that is the life-blood of the province. There are +seven judges, one for each canal, elected by the peasantry of the +districts, and each is known by the name of his canal—Mislata, Cuarte, +and so forth. They are grave, stoutly-built men, with tanned faces and +close-cropped hair. They wear black, the colour beloved by the +comfortably situated working man all the world over; but they have not +degenerated quite so far as to discard the native handkerchief round +their polished brows, or the espadrilla, the Valencian shoe.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_9" id="page_9">{9}</a></span></p> + +<p>Except that the turban has given place to the sombrero and the divan to +an ancient sofa, the proceedings of the tribunal are as patriarchal as +of old. In the plaza a crowd of litigants are collected, chattering, +gesticulating, arguing their wrongs according to the manner of their +kind all the world over. With an air of importance befitting the +occasion the Alguazil of the tribunal places the magisterial bench in +the shadow of the great Gothic portal. A light rail will keep the vulgar +at a distance. Then the peasant magistrates take their seats, and the +oldest pronounces the words, “Se abri el tribunal” (The tribunal is +open). A portentous silence falls, for any one who speaks before his +turn must pay a fine. One by one the litigants are introduced within the +railing and plead their cause bareheaded before the court. Woe to the +insolent wight that dare stand covered in its presence. The Alguazil +will tear the handkerchief from off his head, and he will also be +mulcted in a fine. Each must await the tapping of the presidential foot +before he ventures into the presence. But the severity of the discipline +does not suffice to make the fiery Valencians restrain their feelings. +At every moment there is an explosion of wrath or indignation, a heated +expostulation from one or other of the parties. The fines collected must +be a considerable sum. Out of their own wisdom the judges give their<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_10" id="page_10">{10}</a></span> +decisions, which are almost invariably received without discontent. The +Valencians are anxious to preserve their unique tribunal from criticism +and interference, for they know that in Spain, as in other countries, +royal justice is a costly matter.</p> + +<p>The history of Valencia for all practical purposes is that of its +capital and namesake. “Its name,” says Mr. Ford, “is fondly derived +from, or considered equivalent to, Roman, because Ρὡμη in Greek +signifies power, as Valencia does in Latin.” The principle is doubtless +excellent, but seems to be that of <i>lucus a non lucendo</i>.</p> + +<p>When the warriors of Viriathus surrendered to Rome on the death of their +chief, Valencia was granted to them by the Consul D. Junius Brutus. +Destroyed by Pompey, it became a <i>colonia</i> when rebuilt and the capital +of the Edetani. But the history of few Roman colonies, as it has reached +us, is of interest. The province had the usual martyrs under the +persecution of Diocletian and Decius, and was the place of banishment of +the zealot Ermengild. Proud of its haughty name, Valencia has yet +allowed itself to be taken and retaken oftener than any other city in +the world. In 413 it yielded to the Goths, and three hundred years later +with great nonchalance transferred its allegiance to the Moor. It formed +at one time part of the Khalifate; and again, one or more petty kingdoms +in itself.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_11" id="page_11">{11}</a></span></p> + +<p>Don Feodoro Lleorente speaks of “the slave kings” of Valencia. It is +certain that many of its rulers were slave adventurers from the palace +of the Khalifa, who, like the janizaries of Turkey had literally carved +their fortunes with their swords. One of these princes added the +Balearic Isles to his realms and unsuccessfully attempted the conquest +of Sardinia.</p> + +<p>The kingdom thus founded by military adventurers was overthrown by the +most famous of that warlike brood.</p> + +<p>The Moors had made the desert blossom like the rose. Wealth and +prosperity had been secured to the province. The Moslem paradise was +located here. Medinat-u-Tarab was its capital—the City of Mirth. The +greedy eyes of Christian neighbours were inevitably drawn to such a +region, and the break-up of the Ummeyah dynasty offered an excellent +opportunity for interference.</p> + +<p>Valencia was split up into factions, and the King or Amir Kadir was +merely the puppet of the two opposing parties, who alternately supported +him on his tottering throne. But the Moors were a proud race and felt +themselves dishonoured in yielding homage to so weak a ruler. Headed by +Ibn Jahhaf, the people rose in revolt. Kadir fled, but was detected +under his woman’s disguise, was taken and beheaded.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_12" id="page_12">{12}</a></span> That strange +anomaly a Mohammedan republic was formed. A council of the leaders was +constituted with Ibn Jahhaf as President.</p> + +<p>A people which arrogates the right to choose its ruler has ever been +considered a sort of pirate among the nations, and fair game for more +powerful States. Kadir, at the time of his deposition, had been under +the hardly disinterested protection of the Cid, who, under pretence of +avenging his <i>protégé’s</i> death, immediately advanced on Valencia. For +some time Ibn Jahhaf, who seems to have had some of the qualities of a +great general, amused the Campeador with negotiations, while he pushed +hastily forward preparations for defence. Discovering that he was being +played with, the Cid swept through the country and threw his army round +Valencia, which for twenty months made a stubborn resistance. The city +falling at length, Jahhaf, who had become a special object of hatred to +the Conqueror, was burnt alive in the plaza. Until his death in 1097, +the Cid ruled the kingdom as absolute lord and despot. The legend runs +that Ximena, his wife, defended the city for two years after her +husband’s death. And so great was the reputation and the terror of the +Campeador that she finally won a victory over the Mussulmans and carried +him to his last resting-place at Cardeña by the stratagem of placing his +corpse<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_13" id="page_13">{13}</a></span> fully armed upon his war-horse with his celebrated sword in his +hand.</p> + +<p>But for two centuries longer Valencia followed the law of the Prophet. +It was finally wrested from the yoke of Islam on the memorable 28th of +September 1238, when the standard of the victorious Jaime I. of Aragon +was hoisted over the tower of Ali Bufat, and the Crescent bowed before +the Cross. The conquest in the history of Aragon ranks with the taking +of Seville in the history of Castile. Granada was the joint conquest of +both kingdoms. The way in which the Moors in these old days surrendered +their whole kingdom to the Christians, sometimes after only one battle +had been fought, stands out in dark contrast with the tenacious +resistance offered by their descendants in Algeria in modern times. +Enervated by the climate of Spain the Mussulmans of that country were +absolutely incapable of maintaining a prolonged guerilla warfare. If a +fortified capital was taken they at once handed over the whole kingdom +to the conqueror. They were not of course peculiar in this respect. The +sentiments of nationality and physical courage are characteristic far +more of the modern than of the ancient world. We have only to compare +the resistance of the Anglo-Saxons to the Normans with that of the Boers +to the British, of the French in the Hundred Years War with that of +their<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_14" id="page_14">{14}</a></span> descendants in 1871, to realise how much more of manliness and +endurance we possess than did our ancestors. We must go back to the days +of Leonidas and Regulus to find parallels for the exploits of our own +Indian Army; to Numantia and Seguntum for parallels to Saragossa and +Gerona. National and individual self-respect withered under feudalism, +and revived only on the introduction of free institutions.</p> + +<p>The commerce and wealth of the country now fell into the hands of the +Jews, who came over in great numbers from Aragon. For a long time the +industrious people lived, hated it is true, but unmolested, in their own +quarter of the city. But one ill-fated day a band of children, urged on +probably by some fanatic, marched against the Jewry crying that they had +come to baptize the unbelieving dogs, and that the Archdeacon of Seville +was close upon their heels. In terror the wretched people retreated to +their homes, firmly barricading themselves. Some of the Christian +children got shut up in the quarter. Like wildfire the rumour spread +through the streets that the Jews were submitting them to untold +tortures behind their barred doors. The whole populace went mad with the +rage for blood, attacked the wholly unprepared Jews, and the most +horrible scenes of massacre ensued. This was in 1391. The prosperity of +Valencia suffered its first severe<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_15" id="page_15">{15}</a></span> blow with the barbarous expulsion of +the Moors at the command of Philip III. Another fell some time later +when, on account of its strenuous opposition to the French claim to the +Crown, Philip V. confiscated the liberties of the province and imposed +an enormous fine.</p> + +<p>But Valencia, though fallen from its old estate, is nevertheless to-day +a thriving prosperous province; its capital is handsome and progressive. +Busy life pulsates through the streets; the <i>cafés</i> are alive with the +hum of voices. There is little to recall the days of its allegiance to +the Prophet, and it has not retained more monuments of the past than +most other cities. From the sightseer’s point of view it is not +intensely interesting; from the stranger’s, even less convenient, since +indications of the names of the streets are few and far between. New and +splendid avenues are arising, which, in pleasant contrast to the dull +uniformity of most Continental town perspectives, contain houses +original and individual in style. You enter the town by one of two +massive castellated gates, which give a note of the mediæval picturesque +to their respective quarters. The fourteenth century Torres de Serranos +form a narrow archway flanked by two fine octagonal towers. Above, are +windows with elaborate panelling, and heavy machicolations crown the +whole building. The Torres de Cuartes, of a<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_16" id="page_16">{16}</a></span> century later, are very +similar, but the parapet is itself borne on corbels and machicolated. +Unfortunately the walls of the city have perished.</p> + +<p>The Cathedral, the Lonja, and the Picture Gallery exhaust the sights of +Valencia. The Cathedral was founded in 1262 on the ruins of the Great +Mosque, which in its turn had replaced the Temple of Diana. It is far +inferior to most of the great Spanish churches in beauty and interest. +Originally Gothic, it was considerably enlarged in the fifteenth +century, the height, however, being left unaltered. The principal +entrance, in the receding circular form, is an outrage, but the north +door, called the Puerta de los Apostoles, richly sculptured and +delicately moulded, exhibits the skill and industry of the fourteenth +century at its best.</p> + +<p>Above the semicircular Puerta de Palau is an interesting series of +medallions. These represent the heads of fourteen men and women. These +are the seven knights of the Conquest and the seven fair ladies they +sought in the surrounding provinces, from whom the whole Valencian +nobility is said to be sprung. This doorway is evidently by the same +hand as the Puerta de los Infantes at Lerida. But the most striking part +of the Cathedral is the imposing Miguelete Tower. Its sculpture is +indifferent, but seen from a distance the effect is fine. It is the +great landmark of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_17" id="page_17">{17}</a></span> district, and the Valencians speak of exile as +“losing sight of the Miguelete.”</p> + +<p>The plan of the Cathedral, like most Spanish churches, is cruciform. In +1760 the interior was modernised in a manner that makes the +beauty-loving traveller long to tear his hair—or that of the +perpetrator of the “restoration.” Over-decoration is its chief defect. +The walls have been encrusted with marbles, the Gothic columns almost +concealed by Corinthian pilasters, the pointed arches rounded off. The +church may merit its surname of “La Rica,” but it has lost that +atmosphere of remote beauty that calls forth the instincts of religion +in the worshipper. During the French occupation of 1809 the magnificent +silver altar was melted down, but fortunately its protecting door panels +were uninjured. These are painted with six pictures by Francisco Pagano +and Pablo de San Leocadio, disciples of Leonardo da Vinci, and ascribed +by some to the master himself. The spurs and bridle of Jaime el +Conqueridor, presented by him on the day he took the city to his Master +of the Horse, are preserved on one of the pillars on the Gospel side.</p> + +<p>The choir is for the most part modern, with plain and classical walnut +stalls. The rear portion, or <i>trascoro</i>, dates from the fifteenth +century, and is decorated with a fine series of Biblical<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_18" id="page_18">{18}</a></span> scenes in +alabaster. The chapels have little of interest, except the tomb of Tomás +de Villanueva, the holy Archbishop of Valencia, in the one dedicated to +him. Over the crossing rises the fine octagonal lantern, which was built +in 1404 and restored in 1731. It was once adorned by many trophies, +among them the flags taken from the Genoese by Ramon Corveran, a famous +sea-dog of Valencia. These, however, have long since vanished.</p> + +<p>After the Cathedral the Lonja de la Seda, or Silk Exchange, is the most +interesting sight of Valencia. Built in the Gothic style (though not of +the purest) it is one of the best specimens of civil architecture of the +Middle Ages that we have remaining. Its square tower, crenellated +chimneys, open galleries and high windows give an extremely fine effect. +The hall has spirally fluted pillars that branch out into graceful +clusters of palm-leaves. The ceiling is painted with stars and round the +walls runs the legend, “He only that shall not have deceived nor done +usury shall be worthy of eternal life,” which (let us hope) has guided +generations of merchants into the paths of commercial integrity. The +Audiencia, in good Renaissance style, is well worth a visit, where in +the Salon de Cortes the old provincial States assembled till the middle +of the eighteenth century. As a building the University is beautiful,<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_19" id="page_19">{19}</a></span> +if it is a little backward in thought. Here Fernando VII. raised the +noble sport of <i>Tauromachy</i>, or Bull-fighting, to the dignity of a +Faculty!</p> + +<p>The smaller churches are interesting enough, but not striking, and the +visitor will do well to prefer the almost deserted Picture Gallery. +Until the name of Velasquez dwarfed that of every other Spanish artist, +Valencia boasted a school of painting second to none in the country. +Ribalta, Juanes, Ribera, Espinosa, and Orrente all lived and loved and +painted in the old kingdom. The story of Ribalta is romantic. The son of +a ploughman, he deemed himself on the high road to fortune when he +entered a Valencian studio as a pupil. But alas! the black eyes and +pretty figure of his master’s daughter proved more alluring than canvas +virgins. Ribalta was dismissed the studio in disgrace. He wandered +towards Italy, the land of promise, and studied under the brothers +Carracci. Some years later he returned. His mistress was in possession +of the studio, her father having gone out. A wooden and lifeless Madonna +stood on an easel. Ribalta seized a brush and painted furiously until +sunset, and when the artist returned a masterpiece was awaiting him. +Astonishment, admiration, tears, and gratitude—no artist could forbid +his daughter’s <i>fiançailles</i> with a man of genius. Ribalta after<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_20" id="page_20">{20}</a></span>wards +devoted his whole life to the adornment of the churches of his native +kingdom.</p> + +<p>But Valencia is hardly less distinguished for its theatre than for its +painting. Here at the end of the sixteenth century was founded the +celebrated society of “Nocturnes” which welcomed the youth of Lope de +Vega. Guillen de Castro was its head, a man of wit and honourable +family, whose adventurous life ended in the gutter. He is best known as +the author of <i>Las Mocedades del Cid</i>, a tedious drama with a fine +heroic touch, whence Corneille drew his inspiration.</p> + +<p>Leaving Valencia we run southward as far as Alcira without a stop. Here +we cross the Jucar, which strikes terror into the hearts of the +townsfolk. Rising in the rainy season with terrible rapidity, with +constant shiftings of its channel, it sweeps over the countryside, +swallowing up whole villages in its destructive, impetuous course. When +the sky grows black and the river starts to rise, the panic-stricken +inhabitants run to the churches and seize the images. Then with frenzied +prayers to the <i>Pare San Bernard</i>, they dip the holy forehead in the +water, hoping to stay the onrush of the torrent. But the inundated +country to-day will in a few years bear heavy rice crops and luxuriant +orchards. The swampy unhealthy lagoon, the Albufera (which<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_21" id="page_21">{21}</a></span> gave its +name to one of Napoleon’s marshals) is becoming filled up with the +<i>débris</i> brought down from the mountains. Soon it, too, will be a +fertile huerta. Meanwhile, trees are being planted on the rugged +hill-side, a wise measure which it is hoped will check the violence of +the floods and the denudation of the arid soil.</p> + +<p>Jativa will be our next stopping-place. Like most of the towns in this +country it is rich in historic interest. Past cottages, embosomed in +palm-and orange-trees, you climb up to the hill where the old and new +castles stand side by side. Here in 1284 the Infantes de la Cerda, +rightful heirs to the throne, were confined by their Uncle Sancho el +Bravo. Here too the Duke of Calabria, heir of Naples, languished for ten +years after having trusted himself to the honour of Gonzalo de Cordoba, +who betrayed him. This was one of the three deeds of which Gonzalo is +said to have repented at the last. Indeed the castle of Jativa seems to +have greatly troubled his death-bed, for we learn that the second of +these three misdeeds was the imprisonment in the same place of the +infamous Cæsar Borgia. The Borgias—those super-men of the +Renaissance—had their origin in the neighbourhood of Jativa, which also +boasts itself the birthplace of the artist Ribera.</p> + +<p>The smaller coast towns of Alicante attract the weary traveller by their +beautifully sounding<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_22" id="page_22">{22}</a></span> names: Benidorm, Villajoyosa—what pleasant chords +they strike in the imagination! But time is short. You think of them +regretfully and hurry towards the capital. But first, if the month is +April, you must turn aside for a flying visit to Alcoy, where every year +a mediæval joust takes place to the glory of Saint George (the city’s +patron saint) and the discomfiture of the Moors. This is to celebrate +the taking of the town from the Moors by Jaime el Conqueridor in 1253.</p> + +<p>Alicante, the largest town in the province of that name, and the second +in the Kingdom of Valencia, is as dull as most thriving commercial +centres. Its broad white quays are thronged with a busy bustling +humanity. Touches of vivid colour in the dress of the women, who are +labouring like navvies, a burning sun overhead, and the blue of the +Mediterranean, make a not unpleasing picture. Behind the town towers an +enormous rock—a second Gibraltar—crowned by the old castle of Santa +Barbara. A deep fissure in the rock recalls the stubborn siege of 1707, +when the English General and all his garrison were blown to pieces by a +mine.</p> + +<p>Southwards still, to Elche, the City of Palms, or, less poetically, “The +Frying-pan!” A mist of heat seems to hang over the little +Oriental-looking town. Not even in the palm groves that<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_23" id="page_23">{23}</a></span> shut out the +desert can you avoid it. These magnificent trees (it has been estimated +that there are 80,000 in the belt that encircles the town) provide +practically all the palms used by the Christian churches in Passion +Week. In the shade of their avenues flourish the laurel, the rose, and +the geranium; beyond, extend crops of lucerne and wheat, watered by the +carefully regulated Vinalapo.</p> + +<p>But though Elche makes an agreeable impression on travellers, in Spain +it is chiefly celebrated for its Passion or Mystery Play, the only one +of its kind in the kingdom. Elche is under the special protection of Our +Lady of the Assumption, who sent her miraculous image over the seas +along with the words and music of the opera inscribed <i>Soy para Elche</i> +(I am for Elche). To this image, supposed to have been found in 1370 by +a coastguard named Canto, many houses and palm plantations round the +city belong. They are all marked with a crown and the initials M.V. The +image is said to have been carved by St. Luke, but hardly reflects +credit on his skill. However, the miracles it performs seem highly +satisfactory, judging by the magnificent jewels and garments that have +been presented by the faithful.</p> + +<p>The opera is presented on August 13 and 14, the eve and the feast of the +Assumption. In a<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_24" id="page_24">{24}</a></span> country where the sister of Cervantes was allowed to +install a theatre in her convent and herself play the leading <i>rôles</i>, +you are not surprised to find that the representation takes place in the +church, which is, however, for the occasion, carefully stripped of +sacred images.</p> + +<p>The scenery, as in mediæval days, is simple. There is a little cave for +the Garden of Gethsemane, a plain coffin for the Holy Sepulchre. Angels +playing harps on a blue cloth stretched across the roof betoken the +celestial regions. Hence, by an ingenious arrangement of ropes and +pulleys, angels will presently come down to take the Virgin up to +heaven. Apostles and saints, their names legibly inscribed on cardboard +haloes, the holy angels and the Trinity itself have all their appointed +parts. The Virgin is a small boy of eleven. Unfortunately that touch of +vulgarity which seems inseparable from modern Continental Catholicism +liberally decorates the angels with well-greased hair, vivid sashes, and +paper flowers of startling hues. However, the crowded audience is not +critical and very real emotion at times interrupts the continuous +chatter and shaking of fans. There seems something singularly human in a +religion so all-embracing.</p> + +<p>Orihuela, in its fertile plain, rendered independent of rain by the +waters of the Segura, will be our last stopping-place in the southern +portion<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_25" id="page_25">{25}</a></span> of the kingdom. Here the Goths made a last resistance under +Theodomir. Orihuela is the only city in the district where Castilian is +spoken. Its square towers and domes shaded with palms are decidedly +Oriental in appearance. A visit to the Cathedral shows some beautiful +choir-stalls of carved mahogany, but the interior of the building has +been hopelessly barbarised. There is little else to detain us here, so +we take train again for Valencia and the north.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_26" id="page_26">{26}</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="SAGUNTUM_AND_CASTELLON" id="SAGUNTUM_AND_CASTELLON"></a>SAGUNTUM AND CASTELLON</h2> + +<p class="nind"><span class="smcap">Leaving</span> the city of Valencia, the traveller journeys northwards through +one of the most luxuriant garden-plains of southern Europe. Groves of +olive, almond, and orange trees crowd thick upon each other, their +almost monotonous fruitfulness broken only by an occasional graceful +cluster of stately palms. Soon there comes in sight a hill crowned with +an irregular line of battlemented walls. Its silhouette is warm against +the sky-line. This is Saguntum, famed in story.</p> + +<p>You pass out of the station and on your left rise up the eastern slopes +of the Saguntine hill. At its feet are huddled the dark green tiled +roofs of the village, from among which the little church of San Salvador +detaches its quadrangular tower, proudly conscious that (in the eye of +its worshippers at least) it is the oldest Christian foundation in the +whole of Spain. Tiny cottages gleam white in the dark places of the +rocks, between thickets of aloes and prickly-pear. And far above, the +reddish walls of the castle with its huge square towers stretch in +slanting belts<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_27" id="page_27">{27}</a></span> along the summit of the hill, keeping watch over the +ever-retreating sea that has so often been studded with the ships of +enemies.</p> + +<p>To the right, coaches from Teruel and Segorbe lumber along a white +ribbon of road, smothered in clouds of dust. Clambering up the fence of +masonry that separates populace and passengers a dozen Saguntine youths, +burnt by the sun, with eyes like sloes and jet-black hair, hail you in +eager tones. They thrust towards you sinewy arms holding cups of milk or +wine and plates of savoury meats, with branches of oranges or wands +garlanded with fruits and sweet-smelling flowers.</p> + +<p>But it is a silent town, Saguntum (or Murviedro as it is generally +called), and seems to brood on memories of the past. Founded in 1389 +B.C. by the Greeks of Zacynthus, it has been held in turn by +Carthaginian and Roman, by Goth, Moor, and Spaniard. Its place in +history is unique. The story of its famous siege has repeatedly been +told.</p> + +<p>It is the year 219 <small>B.C.</small>—the eve of the Second Punic War. Hannibal, +having sworn war to the death on Rome, is gathering his forces for a +crushing blow. The wealth of Saguntum attracts him; impoverished by the +loss of Sicily, its position as frontier town appeals to him as a +strategist; as the ally of Rome it draws his hatred. Suddenly<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_28" id="page_28">{28}</a></span> a force +of a hundred and fifty thousand Carthaginian soldiers is hurled against +the town; battering-rams thunder at the gates; huge catapults scatter +death among the startled townsfolk. Then begins a struggle that can be +compared only with Numantia in ancient or Saragossa in modern times. +Force and cunning have met their match in desperate heroism.</p> + +<p>The siege lasted for eight months. Rome was appealed to, but her +Ambassadors were not allowed to land. They turned to Carthage and +entered the Senate House. “I bring you peace or war,” cried Valerius +Flaccus; “choose which you will have!” and resounding cries of “War! +War!” initiated one of the fiercest struggles of antiquity. But though +fighting against a common enemy, Rome deserted her Spanish ally.</p> + +<p>A city beseiged is a city doomed. Saguntum could hold out no longer. +Hannibal named his terms—life and two garments to each individual. +Arms, wealth, and Fatherland must all be given up, and the inhabitants +must drift to whatever part of the world the conqueror decreed.</p> + +<p>Immediately, by order of the Senate, a scaffold was erected in the +public square. All the wealth from the public treasury was flung upon +it. Private citizens added their treasures to the holocaust, and with +the courage of despair flung themselves into the flames. Then a shout +arose<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_29" id="page_29">{29}</a></span> from the walls; one of the towers had fallen and the attacking +army swarmed over the ramparts to wholesale massacre. Such is Livy’s +account, but it is probably an overstatement. For though the +Carthaginians, being a Semitic race, were capable of any cruelty, +history records that the first act of the Scipios, on rebuilding the +town four years later, was to buy back the exiled inhabitants.</p> + +<p>Two thousand years later Saguntum was once again the theatre of war, +when in 1808 it was attacked and taken by Marshal Suchet. But Napoleon’s +success was as ephemeral as Hannibal’s. The French violet could not take +root in the granite of Spain.</p> + +<p>The present castle is principally Moorish, though some traces of the old +Saguntine walls can be distinguished. It is probable that the keep +described by Livy occupied the site of the present citadel. There are +some old Moorish cisterns to which the girls of the village climb in the +evening with water-jars on their shoulders.</p> + +<p>A little lower down the hill lies the ancient Roman amphitheatre, the +most nearly perfect of its kind that exists to-day, not even excepting +those of Italy. The separate entrances that Roman ceremony required for +knights and magistrates, for women and for the common people, can still +be recognised in spite of the depredations of<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_30" id="page_30">{30}</a></span> Suchet and the +Philistines. Its thirty-three tiers of bluish grey pebbles, cemented +cunningly together to look like huge blocks of stone, rise with the +sloping hill-side. The theatregoer of Murviedro had little to complain +of in the old days. If the play was tedious, he could turn his eye to +the beautiful scenery that lay before him. His lot was enviable beside +the Londoner’s.</p> + +<p>The plain that now separates Murviedro from the sea is rich in ruins of +a bygone age. Desultory excavations have yielded some results. In 1795 a +magnificent mosaic was discovered representing Bacchus astride a tiger +in the midst of revellers, which, unfortunately, has since been lost. +For the antiquary with money at his back and method in his brain a rich +and interesting harvest lies waiting.</p> + +<p>Leaving Saguntum we continue northwards past the picturesque old castle +of Almenara; past Nules, famous for its mineral springs; past Burriana, +whose oranges you have eaten in every country of Europe; and the train +steams at length into Castellon de la Plana. To the eye this city is +uninteresting enough, but the imagination is touched by the recital of +its history.</p> + +<p>A league to the north of the town the barren mountains of the Desierta +rise from an arid plain. Here can be seen some crumbling grey walls and +a hermitage in honour of St. Mary Magdalena.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_31" id="page_31">{31}</a></span> The walls mark the site of +the old town captured in 1233 by Jaime I. of Aragon. A few years later +the inhabitants petitioned the King’s lieutenant for leave to remove +their town to the fertile plain on the coast where it now stands. Not +only was this granted but considerable privileges were bestowed on the +enterprising city.</p> + +<p>Every year on the third Sunday in Lent this event is commemorated by the +Feast of Las Gayates. Clergy and laity alike, bearing green reeds, +proceed in pilgrimage to the hermitage, where a solemn service is +celebrated. A gay crowd invades the hill. They sing; they dance; they +shout; they eat and drink. After this sylvan feast, they troop back to +the town. At nightfall a second procession sets out, in which are +represented with all edifying accompaniments the worldly pomps and +repentance of the Magdalene. Raised up among a myriad flashing lanterns +the “Gayata,” which gives its name to the festival and recalls the +removal of the city, is borne along with song and dance.</p> + +<p>More than once has Castellon fought bravely in defence of its liberties. +A very strenuous resistance was offered to Pedro IV. when the women +fought side by side with the men upon the walls. One of the amazon +warriors killed a relative of the attacking General, Don Pedro de Boil, +and was hanged in the market-place on the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_32" id="page_32">{32}</a></span> fall of the city, along with +the other rebel leaders. Considering the part that Spanish women have +played in the history of their country, it is curious to remember that +voluptuous indolence is supposed to entirely sum up their character. The +War of the Brotherhood, that great popular rising, gave three more +martyrs to Castellon. It is not, therefore, surprising to find that this +city to-day stands, in the province to which it gives its name, for +democratic tendencies. So Morella on its rocky throne, the stronghold of +the ferocious Carlist chief, Cabrera, stands for aristocratic +militarism; and Segorbe, lying in the shadow of the magnificent +monastery of Valdecristo, for the ecclesiastical element and clerical +control.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_33" id="page_33">{33}</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="THE_KINGDOM_OF_MURCIA" id="THE_KINGDOM_OF_MURCIA"></a>THE KINGDOM OF MURCIA</h2> + +<p class="nind"><span class="smcap">The</span> ancient Kingdom of Murcia, which lies to the south of Valencia, +includes the two modern provinces of Murcia and Albacete. It is a wild, +fierce region, where the sun’s heat scorches all vegetation from off the +hill-sides. Deep and terrible chasms yawn between the rugged mountains; +there are sharp and rocky peaks that seem to have been thrown up by +sudden upheavals of the earth, and at their feet lie great stretches of +tawny desert recalling the burning expanse of the Sahara. The shadow of +long-continued drought often broods over the whole kingdom. But yet the +district watered by the Segura is an earthly paradise—in spring all +flowers, in autumn all fruit. Mingling with the carob-tree and +broad-leaved palm glistens the gold of oranges, and luxuriant vines give +pleasant promise of a sparkling harvest.</p> + +<p>But nature has not thus blessed the land of her own free will. She +needed coaxing and much wooing by the cunning Arabs. A wonderful system +of irrigation prevails, and science has harnessed fast the wayward +rivers. The greatest<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_34" id="page_34">{34}</a></span> treasure of the Murcian, water, is sold by auction +to the highest bidder. M. Jean Brunhés, in a lately published work, +gives some very curious and interesting details relating to this +singular system.</p> + +<p>The volume of the Monegre is divided into old and new water, the former +belonging of right to the ancient riparian proprietors, the latter to +the owners of the locks and reservoirs. A very vicious system prevails +at Lorca. There, a private company has obtained all rights in the water +of Guadalentin, subject to the condition of supplying the old +proprietors of the adjoining lands with 500 litres per second every day. +Only in rainy seasons, when the company’s barrage is swept away by the +torrent (as it usually is some five or six times in the year), does the +water become public property. When this happens the company is not +allowed to make the barrage any stronger when it is rebuilt. In seasons +of drought the owners are masters of the situation, and are able to +recoup themselves for the losses thus incurred by forcing up prices to a +figure absolutely ruinous to all but the richest cultivators. There is +only one palliation to this system, that the bidder who has bought the +first lot can buy as many of the lots following as he may desire at the +same figure. Notwithstanding this poor concession it would seem that the +principle of private<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_35" id="page_35">{35}</a></span> ownership has been pushed a little too far in this +part of the world.</p> + +<p>Here is M. Brunhés’ account of the water auction at Lorca:</p> + +<p>“The sale takes place in a badly lit hall with naked walls, on a level +with the street, with which it communicates by an immense door almost +its own breadth. This door remains open during the sale, and the crowd +of bidders stand partly in the street. The hall has no floor; you stand +on the bare ground. Opposite the door at the end of the hall is a +railed-off daïs, entered by a side door, and without any direct +communication with the public side. On the daïs the secretaries are +seated at a large table covered by a threadbare green cloth. Behind the +table are five arm-chairs. In one is seated the presiding officer (a +civil engineer who must own no land in the Vega). On a stool is +stationed the crier.</p> + +<p>“At eight o’clock in the morning, at a sign from the presiding officer, +the crier pronounces these words in a singing monotonous voice, and +without any pause between the two phrases: ‘In honour of the Holy +Sacrament of the Altar, who buys the first lot of Sotellana?’ +Immediately shouts go up, ‘Eight, nine, or ten reales!’ One voice +overpowers the other, wide mouths vociferate loudly, necks are strained, +muscles grow tense with excitement. The bidders press and<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_36" id="page_36">{36}</a></span> crush each +other against the iron railing, for the one nearest has the best chance +of being heard. The presiding officer listens and follows the frantic +shouting with sovereign calm. Suddenly, with a quick gesture, he +designates the highest bidder. At once the clamour ceases. Amid absolute +silence the man indicated calls out his name, which the clerks write +down.</p> + +<p>“The men are hatless. Some wear black or dark-coloured handkerchiefs +bound round their heads, but all hold their broad-brimmed hats in their +hands. No one smokes or talks till the bidding recommences, and even +those in the street are silent and bareheaded. It is easy to see that +all are peasants. Heads are closely cropped; here are no beards or +moustaches, no one wears a collar, and most carry a cloak other than the +aristocratic <i>capa</i> on the shoulders or arm. It is a curious and +impressive sight enough these bronzed physiognomies, animated by one +desire to obtain, as cheaply as may be, possession of the supreme good, +water.”</p> + +<p>Such is the province of Murcia in the twentieth century. When vegetation +depended only on the sun and very infrequent rain, the land can have +been very little better than an arid wilderness. And yet its possession +has from the earliest times been a matter of keen dispute. To the early +inhabitants have always been ascribed those<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_37" id="page_37">{37}</a></span> simple guileless virtues +with which the eighteenth century endowed the noble savage. Like the +high-souled inhabitants of More’s “Utopia,” they used the gold and +silver, in which their mountains abounded, for the meanest articles of +domestic use. But this admirable custom seems unfortunately to have been +based on mere ignorance of the value of their treasures.</p> + +<p>More sophisticated were the Phœnicians, who scented the precious metals +from afar, and here, as everywhere, established their commercial +centres. Next, the Greeks swooped down and planted colonies, rivalry +between the two races precipitating the fierce conflict between their +respective allies, the Carthaginians and the Romans. New Carthage, or +Cartagena, was founded by Hasdrubal; his son made it the starting-place +of his famous march to Rome. The city made a brave resistance to Scipio, +and its fall marked the downfall of the Carthaginian in Spain.</p> + +<p>As an outpost of the Roman Empire this district was one of the first +abandoned to the attacks of the barbarians. Under the Visigoths it +became a duchy with the name of Aurariola, which offered so determined a +resistance to the Mussulman that it was enabled to retain its +independence, subject merely to the Khalifa as suzerain. Here, as in so +many Iberian sieges, the women played<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_38" id="page_38">{38}</a></span> no small part. Dressed as men, +they paraded the walls of the city: and by this stratagem enabled Duke +Theodomir to obtain such favourable terms.</p> + +<p>Perpetuating the memory of this Duke, the province lasted under the name +of Todmir some sixty-eight years as a self-governing State. But the last +governors allied themselves with Charlemagne. Arab invaders poured in, +who soon swamped the Christian population and Todmir was completely +absorbed into the Moslem Empire.</p> + +<p>A new capital, Murcia, was founded, that soon rivalled Toledo and +Cordoba as a manufactory of arms. After undergoing the usual +vicissitudes of Moorish States, it was taken in 1266 by Jaime el +Conqueridor, and handed over to his son-in-law, the King of Castile. For +two hundred years it endured the attacks of the Moors of Granada, acting +meanwhile as a buffer to the Christian kingdom.</p> + +<p>Murcia to-day seems a survival of the Middle Ages. The legend goes that +Adam returning to earth recognised the province as the only relic of the +world he left. The Murcians are a conservative people, clinging to the +beliefs and ideas of their forefathers, untouched by the march of +thought. Religion is the changeless background of their lives, and often +its picturesque ceremonies completely hold the stage. One of the most<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_39" id="page_39">{39}</a></span> +interesting of their religious festivals is the Passion Procession held +on Good Friday. According to tradition this has continued without +interruption since 1603, except in the year 1809 only, when it was +forbidden by the Government.</p> + +<p>Organised by the Confraternity of Jesus, the great feature of the +procession is the magnificent series of carved groups (known as <i>pasos</i>) +representing scenes from the Biblical narrative. These are the work of +the great master Salzillo, who is said to have carved no fewer than 1792 +wooden figures in his long life of seventy-six years. During the +eighteenth century the Trades Guilds of Murcia gave special support to +the Confraternity. They are accordingly granted the privilege of +carrying the different <i>pasos</i> in the procession. Thus the “Kiss of +Judas” is borne by the bakers; Santa Veronica by the weavers; while the +tailors carry the gigantic group of the Last Supper. The bearers, all +alike clad in purple, carry lighted candles and musical instruments. +Their hoods shroud their heads, the eyes alone being visible through +slits; a knotted rope girdles the waist, and stockings of coarse white +wool, instead of the bare feet demanded by the original statute, +acknowledge the claims of the twentieth century.</p> + +<p>It is six o’clock on Good Friday morning. The streets are thronged with +eager sightseers; heads<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_40" id="page_40">{40}</a></span> are devoutly bared and many a plain wooden +cross is displayed to mark the sympathy of the crowd. A band of mounted +gendarmes clears the way. The standard-bearer chants to the populace +that “This is done in remembrance of the Passion of Our Lord Jesus +Christ.” Smothered in flowers the first five <i>pasos</i> are borne along. +Then to the sound of drum and trumpet, with the ringing of bells and the +blare of bugles, Our Father Jesus passes, enveloped in a cloud of +flaming candles, accompanied by the Holy Brotherhood. The remaining +<i>pasos</i> follow close, the clergy and the representatives of King and +Bishop bringing up the rear.</p> + +<p>The <i>pasos</i> themselves will repay inspection. Though abounding in +ludicrous anachronisms, often in flabby sentiment, they are beautifully +carved and superbly mounted. It is said that £1000 was offered by an +enthusiastic German for the uplifted arm of St. Peter in the “Kiss of +Judas.”</p> + +<p>The first group of the Last Supper is of enormous size, requiring no +fewer than twenty-four bearers during the procession. Among the tailors +of the city there is keen competition for this honour, for the splendid +collation that is offered by the pious to the lifeless feasters is later +sold by auction for the benefit of the bearers. The price it fetches is +no small one, for<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_41" id="page_41">{41}</a></span> it is regarded as true <i>pain béni</i>, bringing +happiness to those who eat. The Agony in the Garden is reputed of +supernatural design and is known as “The Pearl of Salzillo.” The Angel +Gabriel is considered unrivalled, and the legend goes that the Duke of +Wellington bid £80,000 for this one figure. The figures are +magnificently clothed, the sword and crown of Jesus being set down in +the accounts of the brotherhood at £200 and £120 respectively. Perhaps +the finest of the groups is that which comes last—our Lady of Dolours, +whose expression of supreme sorrow has rarely been equalled whether by +chisel or brush. It is said that the sculptor copied it from the +countenance of his own daughter, to whom, with this end in view, he had +deliberately presented a forged letter announcing the suicide of her +betrothed. The <i>pasos</i> are deposited in the Ermita de Jesus, where they +can be seen by the traveller.</p> + +<p>In the town of Murcia itself the influence of the Cross has almost +completely banished the Crescent. Gone is the Alcazar, where the Amirs +mimicked the State of Cordoba and Toledo; gone is the mosque, where +thousands of turbaned heads bowed daily towards Mecca. But in the centre +of the city is one of those squares found in every southern and eastern +city, which in Spain is always named after the Constitution, in Italy +after Victor Emmanuel, and in France<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_42" id="page_42">{42}</a></span> after the Republic. To cross it in +the afternoon would mean sudden death, for Murcia is one of the hottest +corners of Europe. But later a gentle breeze springs up and the citizens +troop out to meet with friends upon the Malecon and admire the charming +view of the Segura valley, which, as M. Brunhés has said, is “an +admirable zone of model agricultural establishment.” This fertile huerta +bespeaks industry as great as that of the Swiss or Scottish peasant, for +the worship of sloth with which Mr. O’Shea charges the Murcian people is +groundless and unjust.</p> + +<p>A visit to the Cathedral will exhaust the architectural sights of +Murcia. Even this is not of first-class interest. Dating in parts from +1386 and Gothic in style, the west front is Churrigueresque, though +fortunately not in the most florid style of that unhappy architect. The +earthquake of 1829 and a fire in the middle of the last century have +greatly damaged the interior, but the general effect is sufficiently +striking. The choir-stalls of carved walnut are very beautiful, but the +reredos is poor. The eighth wonder of the world, in the opinion of the +inhabitants, is the little Velez Chapel modelled on the Constable’s +Chapel at Burgos, but parts of it, according to Don Rodrigo Amador de +los Rios, show the painful caprices and aberrations which announce the +death agony of a powerful art. Just beyond the Junteron<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_43" id="page_43">{43}</a></span> Chapel, with +its wealth of beautifully sculptured figures and designs in the most +exuberant Renaissance style, is the urn where the city carefully guards +the internal organs of Alfonso the Learned—a gruesome legacy but one +greatly valued.</p> + +<p>Much older than Murcia, the old Visigothic capital Carthagena has +preserved even fewer monuments of antiquity, though it has not lost the +military character first impressed upon it by its founder Hasdrubal. For +this is the first arsenal of Spain and perhaps its strongest fortress. +Its splendid sheltered harbour is defended by powerful forts and +formidable batteries. Their fire has not always been directed upon the +enemies of Spain. For many months in 1873 over them waved the red flag +of the Intransigents, the extreme communistic republicans, who, +simultaneously with the Carlists of the north, threatened to ruin +Castelar’s Government at Madrid. The acquisition of the great national +arsenal without firing a shot was, of course, of the utmost advantage to +the determined revolutionaries. The garrison, in addition to the +enthusiastic population, included several revolted battalions of regular +troops under General Contreras.</p> + +<p>Against this terrible stronghold of the Revolution, General Martinez +Campos advanced with an<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_44" id="page_44">{44}</a></span> army from Madrid, with orders to reduce the +place with the utmost despatch. This was easier said than done. Supplies +were lacking; the advantage in artillery lay entirely with the besieged. +The Carlists effected diversions in favour of the Intransigents—an odd +coalition. Meanwhile three of the revolutionary vessels were seized by a +Prussian squadron as pirates—an utterly unjustifiable interference with +the domestic affairs of another State. The Prussians and Italians +exacted, moreover, a war indemnity of 50,000 pesetas from the Cantonal +Junta, which body became a prey to internal dissensions. One of its +members was assassinated. Taking advantage of these embarrassments of +the besieged the republican troops redoubled their efforts. Señor +Castelar came down from Madrid to assume the supreme command, and +Martinez Campos was superseded by General Lopez Dominguez. An incessant +bombardment was kept up, the besieged responding shell by shell. In +January the frigate <i>Tetuan</i> was burnt to the water’s edge, and a day or +two later the explosion of the magazine destroyed hundreds of the +garrison. The end was near. The city had for half a year defied almost +the whole kingdom and withstood the covert attacks of foreign Powers. +The Government troops forced their way into wretched, blood-drenched +Carthagena; Galvez, Contreras, and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_45" id="page_45">{45}</a></span> leaders of the cantonal movement +escaped by sea in the ironclad <i>Numancia</i>, which far exceeded the +Government vessels in speed, and took refuge in Algeria. Thus collapsed +a movement which was, after the Commune of Paris, the most determined +organised attempt ever made to subvert the existing constitution of +European society.</p> + +<p>I have given at some length this chapter in the history of Carthagena, +partly because the town has little interest of itself, and partly +because these events though so recent and significant are ignored by +most writers of travel books. Out of so much evil good came at last, for +these well-nigh fatal disorders opened the eyes of the Spaniards to the +instability of the Madrid Government and formed the prelude to the reign +of peace inaugurated by the accession to the throne of King Alfonso XII.</p> + +<p>Boasting less than most Spanish provinces of sights that appeal only to +the casual tourist, Murcia is interesting as a region of perpetual +struggle and bloodshed; of struggle against nature, of struggles between +differing religions, and of the deadly internecine feuds of race and +race.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_46" id="page_46">{46}</a></span> </p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_47" id="page_47">{47}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_001" id="plt_001"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 1</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_001.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_001.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_48" id="page_48">{48}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_002" id="plt_002"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 2</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_002.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_002.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW, LOOKING SOUTH</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_49" id="page_49">{49}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_003" id="plt_003"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 3</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_003.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_003.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: VIEW FROM THE PUENTE DEL MAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_50" id="page_50">{50}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_004" id="plt_004"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 4</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_004.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_004.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_51" id="page_51">{51}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_005" id="plt_005"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 5</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_005.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_005.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: VIEW FROM THE PUENTE DEL MAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_52" id="page_52">{52}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_006" id="plt_006"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 6</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_006.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_006.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE TOWN BY THE PUERTA DE SANTA LUCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_53" id="page_53">{53}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_007" id="plt_007"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 7</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_007.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_007.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE FAIR AT THE PUERTA DE SANTA LUCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_54" id="page_54">{54}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_008" id="plt_008"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 8</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_008.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_008.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PUERTA DE SERRANOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_55" id="page_55">{55}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_009" id="plt_009"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 9</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_009.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_009.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PUERTA DE CUARTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_56" id="page_56">{56}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_010" id="plt_010"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 10</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_010.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_010.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE MARKET-PLACE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_57" id="page_57">{57}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_011" id="plt_011"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 11</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_011.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_011.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE PUENTE REAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_58" id="page_58">{58}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_012" id="plt_012"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 12</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_012.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_012.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA GLORIETA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_59" id="page_59">{59}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_013" id="plt_013"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 13</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_013.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_013.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA GLORIETA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_60" id="page_60">{60}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_014" id="plt_014"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 14</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_014.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_014.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA ALAMEDA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_61" id="page_61">{61}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_015" id="plt_015"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 15</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_015.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_015.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: FOUNTAIN OF THE ALAMEDA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_62" id="page_62">{62}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_016" id="plt_016"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 16</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_016.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_016.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE LA ADUANA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_63" id="page_63">{63}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_017" id="plt_017"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 17</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_017.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_017.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE SANTO DOMINGO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_64" id="page_64">{64}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_018" id="plt_018"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 18</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_018.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_018.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE SAN FRANCISCO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_65" id="page_65">{65}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_019" id="plt_019"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 19</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_019.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_019.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE TÉTUAN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_66" id="page_66">{66}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_020" id="plt_020"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 20</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_020.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_020.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE LA CONSTITUCION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_67" id="page_67">{67}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_021" id="plt_021"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 21</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_021.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_021.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CALLE DE LA BAJADA DE SAN FRANCISCO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_68" id="page_68">{68}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_022" id="plt_022"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 22</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_022.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_022.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CALLE DE SAN VICENTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_69" id="page_69">{69}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_023" id="plt_023"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 23</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_023.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_023.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: TROS ALT</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_70" id="page_70">{70}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_024" id="plt_024"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 24</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_024.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_024.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CALLE DE LA BOLSERIA Y TROS ALT</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_71" id="page_71">{71}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_025" id="plt_025"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 25</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_025.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_025.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_72" id="page_72">{72}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_026" id="plt_026"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 26</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_026.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_026.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA CATHEDRAL: GATE OF THE APOSTLES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_73" id="page_73">{73}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_027" id="plt_027"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 27</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_027.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_027.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CATHEDRAL, PUERTA DEL PALAU</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_74" id="page_74">{74}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_028" id="plt_028"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 28</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_028.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_028.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA CATHEDRAL: A DOOR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_75" id="page_75">{75}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_029" id="plt_029"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 29</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_029.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_029.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE TEMPLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_76" id="page_76">{76}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_030" id="plt_030"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 30</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_030.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_030.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE MIGUELETE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_77" id="page_77">{77}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_031" id="plt_031"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 31</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_031.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_031.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CATALINA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_78" id="page_78">{78}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_032" id="plt_032"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 32</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_032.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_032.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CATALINA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_79" id="page_79">{79}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_033" id="plt_033"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 33</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_033.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_033.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF LOS SANTOS JUANES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_80" id="page_80">{80}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_034" id="plt_034"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 34</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_034.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_034.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: FAÇADE OF SAN MIGUEL EL REAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_81" id="page_81">{81}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_035" id="plt_035"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 35</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_035.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_035.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CRUZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_82" id="page_82">{82}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_036" id="plt_036"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 36</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_036.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_036.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CRUZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_83" id="page_83">{83}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_037" id="plt_037"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 37</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_037.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_037.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE CHURCH OF SAN ANDRÉS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_84" id="page_84">{84}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_038" id="plt_038"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 38</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_038.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_038.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_85" id="page_85">{85}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_039" id="plt_039"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 39</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_039.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_039.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_86" id="page_86">{86}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_040" id="plt_040"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 40</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_040.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_040.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_87" id="page_87">{87}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_041" id="plt_041"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 41</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_041.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_041.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE AUDIENCIA, OLD PALACE OF THE CORTES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_88" id="page_88">{88}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_042" id="plt_042"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 42</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_042.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_042.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ROYAL HALL IN THE AUDIENCIA, UPPER PART</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_89" id="page_89">{89}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_043" id="plt_043"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 43</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_043.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_043.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ROYAL HALL IN THE AUDIENCIA, LOWER PART</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_90" id="page_90">{90}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_044" id="plt_044"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 44</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_044.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_044.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: INTERIOR DOOR OF THE AUDIENCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_91" id="page_91">{91}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_045" id="plt_045"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 45</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_045.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_045.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE EXCHANGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_92" id="page_92">{92}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_046" id="plt_046"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 46</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_046.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_046.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE EXCHANGE. DETAIL OF THE GALLERY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_93" id="page_93">{93}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_047" id="plt_047"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 47</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_047.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_047.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: INTERIOR OF THE EXCHANGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_94" id="page_94">{94}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_048" id="plt_048"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 48</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_048.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_048.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: INTERIOR DOOR OF THE EXCHANGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_95" id="page_95">{95}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_049" id="plt_049"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 49</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_049.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_049.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: COLEGIO DEL PATRIARCA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_96" id="page_96">{96}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_050" id="plt_050"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 50</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_050.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_050.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: COURTYARD IN THE COLEGIO DEL PATRIARCA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_97" id="page_97">{97}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_051" id="plt_051"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 51</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_051.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_051.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: COURTYARD OF THE UNIVERSITY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_98" id="page_98">{98}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_052" id="plt_052"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 52</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_052.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_052.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE CIVIL HOSPITAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_99" id="page_99">{99}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_053" id="plt_053"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 53</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_053.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_053.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GATE OF MOSEN S’ORRELL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_100" id="page_100">{100}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_054" id="plt_054"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 54</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_054.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_054.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CUSTOM-HOUSE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_101" id="page_101">{101}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_055" id="plt_055"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 55</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_055.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_055.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE ARCHBISHOP’S PALACE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_102" id="page_102">{102}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_056" id="plt_056"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 56</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_056.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_056.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE BULL-RING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_103" id="page_103">{103}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_057" id="plt_057"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 57</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_057.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_057.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: TOBACCO FACTORY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_104" id="page_104">{104}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_058" id="plt_058"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 58</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_058.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_058.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: A PRIVATE HOUSE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_105" id="page_105">{105}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_059" id="plt_059"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 59</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_059.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_059.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: STATUE OF KING JAIME</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_106" id="page_106">{106}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_060" id="plt_060"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 60</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_060.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_060.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: STATUE OF RIBERA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_107" id="page_107">{107}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_061" id="plt_061"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 61</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_061.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_061.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: STATUE OF ST. CHRISTOPHER</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_108" id="page_108">{108}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_062" id="plt_062"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 62</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_062.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_062.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_109" id="page_109">{109}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_063" id="plt_063"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 63</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_063.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_063.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_110" id="page_110">{110}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_064" id="plt_064"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 64</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_064.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_064.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PORTAL OF THE PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_111" id="page_111">{111}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_065" id="plt_065"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 65</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_065.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_065.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUES DE RIPALDA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_112" id="page_112">{112}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_066" id="plt_066"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 66</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_066.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_066.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">GENERAL VIEW OF GRAO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_113" id="page_113">{113}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_067" id="plt_067"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 67</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_067.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_067.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">GRAO HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_114" id="page_114">{114}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_068" id="plt_068"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 68</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_068.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_068.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">GRAO HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_115" id="page_115">{115}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_069" id="plt_069"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 69</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_069.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_069.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">GRAO HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_116" id="page_116">{116}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_070" id="plt_070"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 70</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_070.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_070.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CAMINO DEL GRAO: HERMITAGE OF AVE MARIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_117" id="page_117">{117}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_071" id="plt_071"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 71</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_071.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_071.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: A “TARTANA,” OR CHAR-À-BANC</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_118" id="page_118">{118}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_072" id="plt_072"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 72</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_072.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_072.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PEASANTS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_119" id="page_119">{119}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_073" id="plt_073"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 73</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_073.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_073.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PEASANTS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_120" id="page_120">{120}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_074" id="plt_074"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 74</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_074.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_074.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PEASANTS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_121" id="page_121">{121}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_075" id="plt_075"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 75</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_075.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_075.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: TYPES OF WOMEN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_122" id="page_122">{122}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_076" id="plt_076"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 76</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_076.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_076.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: TRIBUNAL DES EAUX</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_123" id="page_123">{123}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_077" id="plt_077"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 77</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_077.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_077.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: BARBERS ON THE BRIDGE OF SERRANOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_124" id="page_124">{124}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_078" id="plt_078"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 78</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_078.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_078.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ZIGZAG OF THE CABRILLAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_125" id="page_125">{125}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_079" id="plt_079"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 79</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_079.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_079.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF VALENCIA: A ROAD IN CABAÑAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_126" id="page_126">{126}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_080" id="plt_080"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 80</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_080.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_080.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF VALENCIA: A ROAD IN CABAÑAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_127" id="page_127">{127}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_081" id="plt_081"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 81</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_081.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_081.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_128" id="page_128">{128}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_082" id="plt_082"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 82</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_082.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_082.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_129" id="page_129">{129}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_083" id="plt_083"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 83</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_083.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_083.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_130" id="page_130">{130}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_084" id="plt_084"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 84</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_084.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_084.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_131" id="page_131">{131}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_085" id="plt_085"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 85</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_085.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_085.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: VIEW FROM THE STATION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_132" id="page_132">{132}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_086" id="plt_086"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 86</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_086.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_086.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: VIEW FROM THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_133" id="page_133">{133}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_087" id="plt_087"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 87</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_087.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_087.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE AND TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_134" id="page_134">{134}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_088" id="plt_088"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 88</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_088.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_088.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_135" id="page_135">{135}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_089" id="plt_089"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 89</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_089.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_089.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE FROM ONE OF THE COURTS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_136" id="page_136">{136}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_090" id="plt_090"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 90</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_090.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_090.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_137" id="page_137">{137}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_091" id="plt_091"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 91</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_091.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_091.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_138" id="page_138">{138}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_092" id="plt_092"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 92</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_092.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_092.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_139" id="page_139">{139}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_093" id="plt_093"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 93</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_093.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_093.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_140" id="page_140">{140}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_094" id="plt_094"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 94</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_094.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_094.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: INTERIOR OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_141" id="page_141">{141}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_095" id="plt_095"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 95</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_095.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_095.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: PRINCIPAL GATE OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_142" id="page_142">{142}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_096" id="plt_096"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 96</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_096.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_096.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_143" id="page_143">{143}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_097" id="plt_097"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 97</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_097.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_097.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_144" id="page_144">{144}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_098" id="plt_098"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 98</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_098.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_098.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">JATIVA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_145" id="page_145">{145}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_099" id="plt_099"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 99</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_099.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_099.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">JATIVA: VIEW FROM THE STATION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_146" id="page_146">{146}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_100" id="plt_100"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 100</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_100.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_100.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">JATIVA: THE CIVIL HOSPITAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_147" id="page_147">{147}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_101" id="plt_101"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 101</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_101.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_101.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_148" id="page_148">{148}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_102" id="plt_102"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 102</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_102.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_102.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_149" id="page_149">{149}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_103" id="plt_103"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 103</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_103.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_103.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: VIEW FROM THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_150" id="page_150">{150}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_104" id="plt_104"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 104</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_104.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_104.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE BREAKWATER</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_151" id="page_151">{151}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_105" id="plt_105"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 105</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_105.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_105.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_152" id="page_152">{152}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_106" id="plt_106"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 106</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_106.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_106.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_153" id="page_153">{153}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_107" id="plt_107"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 107</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_107.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_107.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_154" id="page_154">{154}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_108" id="plt_108"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 108</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_108.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_108.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_155" id="page_155">{155}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_109" id="plt_109"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 109</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_109.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_109.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_156" id="page_156">{156}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_110" id="plt_110"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 110</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_110.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_110.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_157" id="page_157">{157}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_111" id="plt_111"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 111</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_111.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_111.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_158" id="page_158">{158}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_112" id="plt_112"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 112</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_112.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_112.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE NUÑEZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_159" id="page_159">{159}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_113" id="plt_113"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 113</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_113.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_113.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_160" id="page_160">{160}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_114" id="plt_114"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 114</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_114.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_114.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_161" id="page_161">{161}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_115" id="plt_115"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 115</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_115.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_115.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: MONUMENT TO QUIJANO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_162" id="page_162">{162}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_116" id="plt_116"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 116</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_116.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_116.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE BULL-RING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_163" id="page_163">{163}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_117" id="plt_117"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 117</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_117.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_117.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_164" id="page_164">{164}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_118" id="plt_118"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 118</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_118.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_118.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_165" id="page_165">{165}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_119" id="plt_119"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 119</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_119.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_119.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_166" id="page_166">{166}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_120" id="plt_120"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 120</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_120.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_120.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_167" id="page_167">{167}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_121" id="plt_121"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 121</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_121.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_121.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: PLAZA MAYOR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_168" id="page_168">{168}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_122" id="plt_122"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 122</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_122.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_122.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: VIEW FROM THE STATION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_169" id="page_169">{169}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_123" id="plt_123"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 123</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_123.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_123.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: THE ROAD TO ALICANTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_170" id="page_170">{170}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_124" id="plt_124"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 124</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_124.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_124.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: THE ROAD FROM ALICANTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_171" id="page_171">{171}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_125" id="plt_125"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 125</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_125.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_125.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_172" id="page_172">{172}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_126" id="plt_126"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 126</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_126.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_126.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CHURCH OF SAN JUAN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_173" id="page_173">{173}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_127" id="plt_127"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 127</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_127.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_127.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: BRIDGE OVER THE RAMBLA DE ELCHE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_174" id="page_174">{174}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_128" id="plt_128"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 128</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_128.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_128.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: VIEW FROM THE RAILWAY BRIDGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_175" id="page_175">{175}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_129" id="plt_129"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 129</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_129.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_129.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: THE CANAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_176" id="page_176">{176}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_130" id="plt_130"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 130</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_130.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_130.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: WASHING LINEN IN THE CANAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_177" id="page_177">{177}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_131" id="plt_131"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 131</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_131.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_131.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A CANAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_178" id="page_178">{178}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_132" id="plt_132"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 132</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_132.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_132.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: TOWER OF RAPSAMBLANC, BELONGING TO THE CONDE DE LUNA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_179" id="page_179">{179}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_133" id="plt_133"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 133</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_133.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_133.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA, NOW A PRISON</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_180" id="page_180">{180}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_134" id="plt_134"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 134</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_134.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_134.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: MILL AND CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_181" id="page_181">{181}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_135" id="plt_135"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 135</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_135.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_135.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_182" id="page_182">{182}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_136" id="plt_136"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 136</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_136.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_136.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CASTLE AND MILL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_183" id="page_183">{183}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_137" id="plt_137"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 137</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_137.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_137.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: PALMS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_184" id="page_184">{184}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_138" id="plt_138"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 138</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_138.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_138.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: COUNTRY SPINNERS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_185" id="page_185">{185}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_139" id="plt_139"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 139</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_139.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_139.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CASA DE LA HUERTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_186" id="page_186">{186}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_140" id="plt_140"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 140</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_140.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_140.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A COUNTRY ROAD</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_187" id="page_187">{187}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_141" id="plt_141"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 141</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_141.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_141.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A COUNTRY HOUSE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_188" id="page_188">{188}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_142" id="plt_142"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 142</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_142.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_142.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A COUNTRY HOUSE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_189" id="page_189">{189}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_143" id="plt_143"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 143</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_143.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_143.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A FAMOUS PALM</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_190" id="page_190">{190}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_144" id="plt_144"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 144</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_144.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_144.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A PALM CELEBRATED FOR ITS RESEMBLANCE TO A COLUMN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_191" id="page_191">{191}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_145" id="plt_145"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 145</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_145.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_145.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: PALM GROVES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_192" id="page_192">{192}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_146" id="plt_146"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 146</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_146.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_146.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A ROAD</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_193" id="page_193">{193}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_147" id="plt_147"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 147</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_147.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_147.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">SAX: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_194" id="page_194">{194}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_148" id="plt_148"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 148</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_148.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_148.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_195" id="page_195">{195}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_149" id="plt_149"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 149</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_149.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_149.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: VIEW FROM THE TOWER OF THE CATHEDRAL, TOWARDS THE SOUTH</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_196" id="page_196">{196}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_150" id="plt_150"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 150</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_150.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_150.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_197" id="page_197">{197}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_151" id="plt_151"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 151</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_151.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_151.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_198" id="page_198">{198}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_152" id="plt_152"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 152</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_152.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_152.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_199" id="page_199">{199}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_153" id="plt_153"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 153</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_153.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_153.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_200" id="page_200">{200}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_154" id="plt_154"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 154</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_154.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_154.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_201" id="page_201">{201}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_155" id="plt_155"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 155</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_155.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_155.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE BRIDGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_202" id="page_202">{202}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_156" id="plt_156"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 156</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_156.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_156.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE RIVER</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_203" id="page_203">{203}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_157" id="plt_157"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 157</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_157.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_157.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE BRIDGE OVER THE SEGURA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_204" id="page_204">{204}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_158" id="plt_158"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 158</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_158.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_158.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE RIVER SEGURA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_205" id="page_205">{205}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_159" id="plt_159"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 159</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_159.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_159.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE FAIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_206" id="page_206">{206}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_160" id="plt_160"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 160</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_160.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_160.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE FAIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_207" id="page_207">{207}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_161" id="plt_161"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 161</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_161.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_161.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE MARKET-PLACE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_208" id="page_208">{208}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_162" id="plt_162"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 162</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_162.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_162.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTO DOMINGO ON MARKET-DAY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_209" id="page_209">{209}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_163" id="plt_163"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 163</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_163.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_163.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PASEO DEL MALECON</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_210" id="page_210">{210}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_164" id="plt_164"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 164</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_164.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_164.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTA CATALINA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_211" id="page_211">{211}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_165" id="plt_165"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 165</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_165.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_165.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE TOROS, NOW PLAZA DE SAN AUGUSTIN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_212" id="page_212">{212}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_166" id="plt_166"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 166</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_166.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_166.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PASEO DEL ARENAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_213" id="page_213">{213}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_167" id="plt_167"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 167</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_167.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_167.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE SAN PEDRO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_214" id="page_214">{214}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_168" id="plt_168"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 168</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_168.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_168.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PASEO DE FLORIDABLANCA AND PALACE OF THE EXHIBITION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_215" id="page_215">{215}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_169" id="plt_169"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 169</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_169.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_169.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTA ISABELLA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_216" id="page_216">{216}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_170" id="plt_170"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 170</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_170.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_170.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CALLE DEL PUENTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_217" id="page_217">{217}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_171" id="plt_171"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 171</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_171.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_171.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE LA GLORIÉTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_218" id="page_218">{218}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_172" id="plt_172"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 172</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_172.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_172.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE LA GLORIÉTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_219" id="page_219">{219}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_173" id="plt_173"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 173</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_173.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_173.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_220" id="page_220">{220}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_174" id="plt_174"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 174</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_174.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_174.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_221" id="page_221">{221}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_175" id="plt_175"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 175</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_175.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_175.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PRINCIPAL FAÇADE OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_222" id="page_222">{222}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_176" id="plt_176"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 176</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_176.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_176.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: TOWER OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_223" id="page_223">{223}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_177" id="plt_177"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 177</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_177.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_177.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: SIDE DOOR OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_224" id="page_224">{224}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_178" id="plt_178"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 178</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_178.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_178.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: GATE OF THE APOSTLES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_225" id="page_225">{225}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_179" id="plt_179"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 179</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_179.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_179.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_226" id="page_226">{226}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_180" id="plt_180"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 180</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_180.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_180.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE FAÇADE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_227" id="page_227">{227}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_181" id="plt_181"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 181</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_181.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_181.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: DETAIL OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_228" id="page_228">{228}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_182" id="plt_182"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 182</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_182.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_182.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: WINDOW OF THE BELFRY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_229" id="page_229">{229}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_183" id="plt_183"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 183</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_183.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_183.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: PRINCIPAL NAVE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_230" id="page_230">{230}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_184" id="plt_184"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 184</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_184.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_184.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: LATERAL NAVE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_231" id="page_231">{231}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_185" id="plt_185"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 185</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_185.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_185.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: BEHIND THE CHOIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_232" id="page_232">{232}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_186" id="plt_186"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 186</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_186.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_186.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: ENTRANCE TO THE CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_233" id="page_233">{233}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_187" id="plt_187"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 187</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_187.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_187.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_234" id="page_234">{234}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_188" id="plt_188"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 188</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_188.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_188.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE HIGH ALTAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_235" id="page_235">{235}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_189" id="plt_189"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 189</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_189.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_189.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE HIGH ALTAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_236" id="page_236">{236}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_190" id="plt_190"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 190</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_190.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_190.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CHOIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_237" id="page_237">{237}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_191" id="plt_191"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 191</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_191.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_191.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE BISHOP’S THRONE, IN THE CHOIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_238" id="page_238">{238}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_192" id="plt_192"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 192</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_192.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_192.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE CHOIR STALLS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_239" id="page_239">{239}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_193" id="plt_193"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 193</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_193.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_193.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE CHOIR STALLS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_240" id="page_240">{240}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_194" id="plt_194"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 194</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_194.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_194.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE SACRISTY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_241" id="page_241">{241}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_195" id="plt_195"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 195</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_195.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_195.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: TOMB OF ALFONSO THE WISE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_242" id="page_242">{242}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_196" id="plt_196"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 196</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_196.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_196.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CHURCH OF SANTO DOMINGO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_243" id="page_243">{243}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_197" id="plt_197"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 197</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_197.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_197.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CHURCH OF SANTO DOMINGO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_244" id="page_244">{244}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_198" id="plt_198"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 198</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_198.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_198.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CHURCH OF SAN BARTOLOMÉ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_245" id="page_245">{245}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_199" id="plt_199"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 199</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_199.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_199.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: FAÇADE OF THE CONVENT DE LA MISERICORDIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_246" id="page_246">{246}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_200" id="plt_200"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 200</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_200.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_200.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE VILLAFRANCA DE LOS VELEZ AND CONVENT OF SANTA CLARA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_247" id="page_247">{247}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_201" id="plt_201"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 201</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_201.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_201.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE EPISCOPAL PALACE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_248" id="page_248">{248}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_202" id="plt_202"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 202</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_202.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_202.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CASA HUERTA DE LAS BOMBAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_249" id="page_249">{249}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_203" id="plt_203"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 203</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_203.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_203.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ALMODOVAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_250" id="page_250">{250}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_204" id="plt_204"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 204</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_204.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_204.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PALACE OF THE BARON DE ALBALA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_251" id="page_251">{251}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_205" id="plt_205"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 205</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_205.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_205.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ESPINARDO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_252" id="page_252">{252}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_206" id="plt_206"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 206</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_206.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_206.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE “CONTRASTE”</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_253" id="page_253">{253}</a></span> +</p> +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_207" id="plt_207"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 207</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_207.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_207.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: MONUMENT TO SALZILLO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_254" id="page_254">{254}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_208" id="plt_208"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 208</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_208.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_208.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: ROMAN ALTAR DEDICATED TO PEACE, FOUND IN CARTHAGENA AND MOVED IN 1594 TO THE PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ESPINARDO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_255" id="page_255">{255}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_209" id="plt_209"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 209</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_209.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_209.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: HOUSE IN THE CALLE JABONERIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_256" id="page_256">{256}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_210" id="plt_210"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 210</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_210.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_210.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: HOUSE OF THE PAINTER VILLASIS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_257" id="page_257">{257}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_211" id="plt_211"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 211</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_211.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_211.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: A BALCONY IN THE CALLE TRAPERIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_258" id="page_258">{258}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_212" id="plt_212"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 212</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_212.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_212.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PUERTA CADENAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_259" id="page_259">{259}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_213" id="plt_213"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 213</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_213.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_213.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: TEATRO DE ROMEA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_260" id="page_260">{260}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_214" id="plt_214"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 214</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_214.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_214.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE BULL RING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_261" id="page_261">{261}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_215" id="plt_215"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 215</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_215.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_215.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_262" id="page_262">{262}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_216" id="plt_216"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 216</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_216.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_216.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_263" id="page_263">{263}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_217" id="plt_217"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 217</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_217.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_217.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PROCESSION LEAVING THE CHURCH OF JESUS IN HOLY WEEK ST. VERONICA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_264" id="page_264">{264}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_218" id="plt_218"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 218</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_218.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_218.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">PROCESSION LEAVING THE CHURCH OF JESUS IN HOLY WEEK—THE +KISS OF JUDAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_265" id="page_265">{265}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_219" id="plt_219"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 219</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_219.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_219.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. THE GARDEN OF GETHSEMANE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_266" id="page_266">{266}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_220" id="plt_220"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 220</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_220.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_220.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. OUR LORD FALLING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_267" id="page_267">{267}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_221" id="plt_221"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 221</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_221.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_221.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. THE SCOURGING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_268" id="page_268">{268}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_222" id="plt_222"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 222</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_222.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_222.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CHURCH OF JESUS THE LAST SUPPER, BY ZARZILLO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_269" id="page_269">{269}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_223" id="plt_223"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 223</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_223.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_223.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PILGRIMAGE OF ST. BLAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_270" id="page_270">{270}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_224" id="plt_224"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 224</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_224.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_224.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: RUINS OF THE ARAB BATHS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_271" id="page_271">{271}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_225" id="plt_225"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 225</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_225.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_225.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: CONVENT OF SAN JERONIMO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_272" id="page_272">{272}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_226" id="plt_226"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 226</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_226.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_226.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_273" id="page_273">{273}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_227" id="plt_227"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 227</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_227.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_227.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_274" id="page_274">{274}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_228" id="plt_228"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 228</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_228.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_228.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_275" id="page_275">{275}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_229" id="plt_229"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 229</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_229.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_229.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: CASTLE OF MONTEAGUDO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_276" id="page_276">{276}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_230" id="plt_230"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 230</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_230.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_230.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_277" id="page_277">{277}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_231" id="plt_231"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 231</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_231.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_231.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_278" id="page_278">{278}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_232" id="plt_232"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 232</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_232.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_232.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_279" id="page_279">{279}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_233" id="plt_233"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 233</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_233.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_233.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: A CART LOADED WITH “TINAJAS”</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_280" id="page_280">{280}</a></span> +</p> +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_234" id="plt_234"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 234</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_234.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_234.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: HARVEST-TIME</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_281" id="page_281">{281}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_235" id="plt_235"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 235</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_235.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_235.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_282" id="page_282">{282}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_236" id="plt_236"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 236</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_236.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_236.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_283" id="page_283">{283}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_237" id="plt_237"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 237</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_237.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_237.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: VIEW FROM THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_284" id="page_284">{284}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_238" id="plt_238"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 238</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_238.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_238.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS, DATE-GATHERING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_285" id="page_285">{285}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_239" id="plt_239"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 239</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_239.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_239.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_286" id="page_286">{286}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_240" id="plt_240"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 240</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_240.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_240.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: GENERAL VIEW FROM THE PUERTA DE MURCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_287" id="page_287">{287}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_241" id="plt_241"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 241</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_241.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_241.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: THE RIVER SEGURA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_288" id="page_288">{288}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_242" id="plt_242"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 242</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_242.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_242.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: THE RIVER SEGURA FROM THE EAST</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_289" id="page_289">{289}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_243" id="plt_243"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 243</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_243.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_243.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: DOOR OF THE CHURCH OF SANTIAGO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_290" id="page_290">{290}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_244" id="plt_244"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 244</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_244.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_244.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_291" id="page_291">{291}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_245" id="plt_245"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 245</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_245.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_245.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: A PARTIAL VIEW.</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_292" id="page_292">{292}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_246" id="plt_246"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 246</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_246.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_246.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE STATION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_293" id="page_293">{293}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_247" id="plt_247"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 247</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_247.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_247.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE HIGH ROAD</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_294" id="page_294">{294}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_248" id="plt_248"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 248</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_248.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_248.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM QUITAPELLIJOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_295" id="page_295">{295}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_249" id="plt_249"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 249</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_249.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_249.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF ATALAYA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_296" id="page_296">{296}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_250" id="plt_250"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 250</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_250.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_250.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF ATALAYA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_297" id="page_297">{297}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_251" id="plt_251"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 251</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_251.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_251.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM ST. JOSEPH’S MILL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_298" id="page_298">{298}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_252" id="plt_252"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 252</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_252.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_252.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM ST. JOSEPH’S MILL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_299" id="page_299">{299}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_253" id="plt_253"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 253</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_253.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_253.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF GALERA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_300" id="page_300">{300}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_254" id="plt_254"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 254</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_254.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_254.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF GALERA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_301" id="page_301">{301}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_255" id="plt_255"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 255</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_255.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_255.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW OF THE HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_302" id="page_302">{302}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_256" id="plt_256"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 256</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_256.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_256.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: SANTA LUCIA AND THE HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_303" id="page_303">{303}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_257" id="plt_257"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 257</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_257.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_257.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM SANTA LUCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_304" id="page_304">{304}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_258" id="plt_258"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 258</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_258.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_258.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM SANTA LUCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_305" id="page_305">{305}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_259" id="plt_259"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 259</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_259.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_259.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM THE POWDER MAGAZINE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_306" id="page_306">{306}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_260" id="plt_260"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 260</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_260.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_260.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM TRINCABATIJOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_307" id="page_307">{307}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_261" id="plt_261"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 261</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_261.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_261.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE ESPLANADERO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_308" id="page_308">{308}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_262" id="plt_262"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 262</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_262.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_262.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR FROM TRINCABATIJOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_309" id="page_309">{309}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_263" id="plt_263"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 263</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_263.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_263.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE BREAKWATER</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_310" id="page_310">{310}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_264" id="plt_264"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 264</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_264.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_264.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_311" id="page_311">{311}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_265" id="plt_265"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 265</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_265.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_265.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: ENTRANCE TO THE ARSENAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_312" id="page_312">{312}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_266" id="plt_266"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 266</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_266.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_266.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: PUERTA DEL MAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_313" id="page_313">{313}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_267" id="plt_267"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 267</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_267.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_267.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: PUERTA DE MURCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_314" id="page_314">{314}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_268" id="plt_268"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 268</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_268.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_268.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: PLAZA DE LAS MONJAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_315" id="page_315">{315}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_269" id="plt_269"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 269</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_269.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_269.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE MARINE COLLEGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_316" id="page_316">{316}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_270" id="plt_270"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 270</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_270.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_270.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE BULL-RING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_317" id="page_317">{317}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_271" id="plt_271"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 271</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_271.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_271.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: THE BATHS, FROM LA SIERRA DE VERDELENA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_318" id="page_318">{318}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_272" id="plt_272"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 272</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_272.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_272.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE BATHS FROM THE WEST</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_319" id="page_319">{319}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_273" id="plt_273"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 273</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_273.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_273.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE BATHS AT THE ENTRANCE TO THE VILLAGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_320" id="page_320">{320}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_274" id="plt_274"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 274</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_274.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_274.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: ENTRANCE TO THE BATHS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_321" id="page_321">{321}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_275" id="plt_275"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 275</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_275.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_275.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: THE CARRETERA AND RIVER SEGURA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_322" id="page_322">{322}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_276" id="plt_276"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 276</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_276.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_276.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: VIEW OF THE CHURCH</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_323" id="page_323">{323}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_277" id="plt_277"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 277</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_277.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_277.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: INTERIOR OF THE CHURCH</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_324" id="page_324">{324}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_278" id="plt_278"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 278</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_278.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_278.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: THE CHURCH: ALTAR OF THE “VIRGEN DE LA SALUD” +</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_325" id="page_325">{325}</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_279" id="plt_279"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 279</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_279.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_279.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF VILLANUEVA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_326" id="page_326">{326}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_280" id="plt_280"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 280</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_280.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_280.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF BLANCA FROM THE SALTO DEL PALOMO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_327" id="page_327">{327}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_281" id="plt_281"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 281</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_281.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_281.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF BLANCA FROM BUJAMENTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_328" id="page_328">{328}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_282" id="plt_282"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 282</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_282.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_282.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE AND GARDENS OF ULEA FROM VILLANUEVA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_329" id="page_329">{329}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_283" id="plt_283"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 283</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_283.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_283.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE AND GARDENS OF ULEA, EAST SIDE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_330" id="page_330">{330}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_284" id="plt_284"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 284</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_284.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_284.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE OF OJOS AND MOUNTAINS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_331" id="page_331">{331}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_285" id="plt_285"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 285</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_285.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_285.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: THE GARDENS OF OJOS, FROM THE LOVERS’ LEAP</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_332" id="page_332">{332}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_286" id="plt_286"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 286</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_286.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_286.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: THE LOVERS’ LEAP</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_333" id="page_333">{333}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_287" id="plt_287"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 287</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_287.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_287.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">LORCA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_334" id="page_334">{334}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_288" id="plt_288"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 288</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_288.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_288.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">LORCA: VIEW FROM THE RAILWAY STATION</span></div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 63136 ***</div> +</body> +</html> diff --git a/63136-h/images/cover.jpg b/63136-h/images/cover.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..0eb998b --- /dev/null +++ b/63136-h/images/cover.jpg diff --git a/63136-h/images/flwrs.png b/63136-h/images/flwrs.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..2141bfe --- /dev/null +++ b/63136-h/images/flwrs.png diff --git a/63136-h/images/plt_001.jpg b/63136-h/images/plt_001.jpg 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other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..086c550 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #63136 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/63136) diff --git a/old/63136-0.txt b/old/63136-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f44a998 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/63136-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3217 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Valencia and Murcia, by Albert F. Calvert + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license + + +Title: Valencia and Murcia + +Author: Albert F. Calvert + +Release Date: September 6, 2020 [EBook #63136] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VALENCIA AND MURCIA *** + + + + +Produced by Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images available at The Internet Archive) + + + + + + + + + + THE SPANISH SERIES + + + VALENCIA AND MURCIA + + + + + THE SPANISH SERIES + + _EDITED BY ALBERT F. CALVERT_ + + + GOYA + TOLEDO + MADRID + SEVILLE + MURILLO + CORDOVA + EL GRECO + VELAZQUEZ + THE PRADO + THE ESCORIAL + VALENCIA AND MURCIA + SCULPTURE IN SPAIN + ROYAL PALACES OF SPAIN + GRANADA AND ALHAMBRA + SPANISH ARMS AND ARMOUR + LEON, BURGOS AND SALAMANCA + CATALONIA AND THE BALEARIC ISLES + VALLADOLID, OVIEDO, SEGOVIA, + ZAMORA, AVILA AND ZARAGOZA + + + + + VALENCIA + AND MURCIA + A GLANCE AT AFRICAN SPAIN + BY A. F. CALVERT + WITH 288 PLATES + + + LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD + NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY: MCMXI + + + + + THE BALLANTYNE PRESS TAVISTOCK STREET COVENT GARDEN LONDON + + + + +CONTENTS + + + PAGE + +THE OLD KINGDOM OF VALENCIA 1 + +SAGUNTUM AND CASTELLON 26 + +THE KINGDOM OF MURCIA 33 + + + + +LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS + + +VALENCIA + +TITLE PLATE + +General View 1 + +General View, looking South 2 + +View from the Puente del Mar 3 + +General View 4 + +View from the Puente del Mar 5 + +Entrance to the Town by the Puerta de Santa Lucia 6 + +The Fair at the Puerta de Santa Lucia 7 + +Puerta de Serranos 8 + +Puerta de Cuarte 9 + +The Market-Place 10 + +The Puente Real 11 + +Paseo de la Glorieta 12 + +Paseo de la Glorieta 13 + +Paseo de la Alameda 14 + +Fountain of the Alameda 15 + +Plaza de la Aduana 16 + +Plaza de Santo Domingo 17 + +Plaza de San Francisco 18 + +Plaza de Tétuan 19 + +Plaza de la Constitucion 20 + +Calle de la Bajada de San Francisco 21 + +Calle de San Vicente 22 + +Tros Alt 23 + +Calle de la Bolseria y Tros Alt 24 + +General View of the Cathedral 25 + +The Cathedral: Gate of the Apostles 26 + +The Cathedral: Puerta del Palau 27 + +The Cathedral: A Door 28 + +The Temple 29 + +The Miguelete 30 + +Church of Santa Catalina 31 + +Church of Santa Catalina 32 + +Church of Los Santos Juanes 33 + +Façade of San Miguel el Real 34 + +Church of Santa Cruz 35 + +Church of Santa Cruz 36 + +Entrance to the Church of San Andrés 37 + +The Campo-Santo 38 + +The Campo-Santo 39 + +The Campo-Santo 40 + +The Audiencia, old Palace of the Cortes 41 + +Royal Hall in the Audiencia, upper part 42 + +Royal Hall in the Audiencia, lower part 43 + +Interior Door of the Audiencia 44 + +The Exchange 45 + +The Exchange: Detail of the Gallery 46 + +Interior of the Exchange 47 + +Interior Door of the Exchange 48 + +Colegio del Patriarca 49 + +Courtyard in the Colegio del Patriarca 50 + +Courtyard of the University 51 + +Entrance to the Civil Hospital 52 + +Gate of Mosen S’Orrell 53 + +The Custom-House 54 + +The Archbishop’s Palace 55 + +The Bull-Ring 56 + +Tobacco Factory 57 + +A Private House 58 + +Statue of King Jaime 59 + +Statue of Ribera 60 + +Statue of St Christopher 61 + +Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas 62 + +Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas 63 + +Portal of the Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas 64 + +Palace of the Marqués de Ripalda 65 + +General View of Grao 66 + +Grao Harbour 67 + +Grao Harbour 68 + +Grao Harbour 69 + +Camino del Grao: Hermitage of Ave Maria 70 + +A “Tartana,” or Char-à-banc 71 + +Peasants 72 + +Peasants 73 + +Peasants 74 + +Types of Women 75 + +“Tribunal des Eaux” 76 + +Barbers on the Bridge of Serranos 77 + +Zigzag of the Cabrillas 78 + +A Road in Cabañal 79 + +A Road in Cabañal 80 + +The Shores of the Mediterranean 81 + +The Shores of the Mediterranean 82 + + +MURVIEDRO + +General View 83 + +General View 84 + +View from the Station 85 + +View from the Castle 86 + +The Castle and Town 87 + +The Castle 88 + +The Castle from one of the Courts 89 + +Entrance to the Castle 90 + +General View of the Roman Amphitheatre 91 + +General View of the Roman Amphitheatre 92 + +The Roman Amphitheatre 93 + +Interior of the Roman Amphitheatre 94 + +Principal Gate of the Roman Amphitheatre 95 + +Entrance to the Roman Amphitheatre 96 + +Entrance to the Roman Amphitheatre 97 + +JATIVA + +General View 98 + +View from the Station 99 + +The Civil Hospital 100 + + +ALICANTE + +General View 101 + +The Castle 102 + +View from the Castle 103 + +The Breakwater 104 + +General View 105 + +General View 106 + +General View 107 + +Paseo de los Martires 108 + +Paseo de los Martires 109 + +Paseo de los Martires 110 + +Paseo de los Martires 111 + +Paseo de Nuñez 112 + +The Town Hall 113 + +The Town Hall 113 + +Monument to Quijano 115 + +The Bull-Ring 116 + + +ELCHE + +General View 117 + +General View 118 + +General View 119 + +View of the Town 120 + +Plaza Mayor 121 + +View from the Station 122 + +The Road to Alicante 123 + +The Road from Alicante 124 + +The Town Hall 125 + +Church of San Juan 126 + +Bridge over the Rambla de Elche 127 + +View from the Railway Bridge 128 + +The Canal 129 + +Washing Linen in the Canal 130 + +A Canal 131 + +Tower of Rapsamblanc, belonging to the Conde de +Luna 132 + +Castle of the Duque de Altamira, now a Prison 133 + +Mill and Castle of the Duque de Altamira 134 + +Castle of the Duque de Altamira 135 + +Castle and Mill 136 + +Palms 137 + +Country Spinners 138 + +Casa de la Huerta 139 + +A Country Road 140 + +A Country House 141 + +A Country House 142 + +A Famous Palm 143 + +A Palm celebrated for its Resemblance to a Column 144 + +Palm Groves 145 + +A Road 146 + + +SAX + +General View 147 + + +MURCIA + +General View 148 + +View from the Tower of the Cathedral, towards the +South 149 + +View of the Town 150 + +General View of the Town 151 + +General View of the Town 152 + +General View of the Town 153 + +General View 154 + +The Bridge 155 + +The River 156 + +The Bridge over the Segura 157 + +The River Segura 158 + +The Fair 159 + +The Fair 160 + +The Market-Place 161 + +Plaza de Santo Domingo on Market-Day 162 + +Paseo del Malecon 163 + +Plaza de Santa Catalina 164 + +Plaza de Toros, now Plaza de San Agustin 165 + +Paseo del Arenal 166 + +Plaza de San Pedro 167 + +Paseo de Floridablanca and Palace of the Exhibition 168 + +Plaza de Santa Isabella 169 + +Calle del Puente 170 + +Plaza de la Gloriéta 171 + +Plaza de la Gloriéta 172 + +The Cathedral 173 + +General View of the Cathedral 174 + +Principal Façade of the Cathedral 175 + +Tower of the Cathedral 176 + +Side Door of the Cathedral 177 + +The Cathedral: Gate of the Apostles 178 + +The Cathedral: Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez 179 + +The Cathedral: Detail of the Façade 180 + +Detail of the Cathedral 181 + +The Cathedral: Window of the Belfry 182 + +The Cathedral: Principal Nave 183 + +The Cathedral: Lateral Nave 184 + +The Cathedral: Behind the Choir 185 + +The Cathedral: Entrance to the Chapel of the Marqués +de los Velez 186 + +The Cathedral: Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez 187 + +The Cathedral: The High Altar 188 + +The Cathedral: The High Altar 189 + +The Cathedral: General View of the Choir 190 + +The Cathedral: The Bishop’s Throne, in the Choir 191 + +The Cathedral: Detail of the Choir Stalls 192 + +The Cathedral: Detail of the Choir Stalls 193 + +The Cathedral: The Sacristy 194 + +The Cathedral: Tomb of Alfonso the Wise 195 + +Church of Santo Domingo 196 + +Church of Santo Domingo 197 + +Church of San Bartolomé 198 + +Façade of the Convent de la Misericordia 199 + +Palace of the Marqués de Villafranca de los Velez, and +Convent of Santa Clara 200 + +The Episcopal Palace 201 + +Casa Huerta de las Bombas 202 + +Palace of the Marqués de Almodovar 203 + +Palace of the Baron de Albalá 204 + +Palace of the Marqués de Espinardo 205 + +The “Contraste” 206 + +Monument to Salzillo 207 + +Roman Altar dedicated to Peace, found in Carthagena +and moved in 1594 to the Palace of the Marqués de +Espinardo 208 + +House in the Calle Jaboneria 209 + +House of the Painter Villasis 210 + +A Balcony in the Calle Traperia 211 + +Puerta Cadenas 212 + +Teatro de Romea 213 + +The Bull-Ring 214 + +The Town Hall 215 + +The Town Hall 216 + +Procession leaving the Church of Jesus in Holy Week--St. +Veronica 217 + +Procession leaving the Church of Jesus in Holy Week--The +Kiss of Judas 218 + +Procession in Holy Week. The Garden of Gethsemane 219 + +Procession in Holy Week. Our Lord Falling 220 + +Procession in Holy Week. The Scourging 221 + +Church of Jesus. The Last Supper, by Zarzillo 222 + +Pilgrimage of St. Blas 223 + +Ruins of the Arab Baths 224 + +Environs of Murcia: Convent of San Jeronimo 225 + +Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta 226 + +Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta 227 + +Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta 228 + +Environs of Murcia: Castle of Monteagudo 229 + +Paisaje de la Huerta 230 + +Paisaje de la Huerta 231 + +Paisaje de la Huerta 232 + +A Cart Loaded with “Tinajas” 233 + +Harvest-Time 234 + +Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins 235 + +Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins 236 + +Environs of Murcia: View from the Huerta des +Capucins 237 + +Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins--Date-Gathering 238 + + +ORIHUELA + +General View 239 + +General View from the Puerta de Murcia 240 + +The River Segura 241 + +The River Segura from the East 242 + +Door of the Church of Santiago 243 + + +CARTHAGENA + +General View 244 + +A Partial View 245 + +View from the Station 246 + +View from the High Road 247 + +View from Quitapellijos 248 + +View from the Fort of Atalaya 249 + +View from the Fort of Atalaya 250 + +View from St. Joseph’s Mill 251 + +View from St. Joseph’s Mill 252 + +View from the Fort of Galera 253 + +View from the Fort of Galera 254 + +View of the Harbour 255 + +Santa Lucia and the Harbour 256 + +The Harbour from Santa Lucia 257 + +The Harbour from Santa Lucia 258 + +The Harbour from the Powder Magazine 259 + +The Harbour from Trincabatijos 260 + +View from the Esplanadero 261 + +The Entrance to the Harbour from Trincabatijos 262 + +The Breakwater 263 + +Entrance to the Harbour 264 + +Entrance to the Arsenal 265 + +Puerta del Mar 266 + +Puerta de Murcia 267 + +Plaza de las Monjas 268 + +The Marine College 269 + +The Bull-Ring 270 + + +ARCHENA + +The Baths, from La Sierra de Verdelena 271 + +General View of the Baths from the West 272 + +General View of the Baths at the Entrance to the +Village 273 + +Entrance to the Baths 274 + +The Carretera and River Segura 275 + +View of the Church 276 + +Interior of the Church 277 + +The Church: Altar of the “Virgen de la Salud” 278 + +Environs of Archena: View of Villanueva 279 + +Environs of Archena: View of Blanca from the Salto del +Palomo 280 + +Environs of Archena: View of Blanca from Bujamente 281 + +Environs of Archena: Village and Gardens of Ulea +from Villanueva 282 + +Environs of Archena: Village and Gardens of Ulea, +East Side 283 + +Environs of Archena: Village of Ojos and Mountains 284 + +Environs of Archena: The Gardens of Ojos, from the +Lovers’ Leap 285 + +Environs of Archena: The Lovers’ Leap 286 + + +LORCA + +General View 287 + +View from the Railway Station 288 + + + + +VALENCIA & MURCIA + + + + +THE OLD KINGDOM OF VALENCIA + + +Shut in between the barren range of the Sierra Molina on the north, and +the arid plains of Murcia to the south, the ancient Kingdom of Valencia +is one of the regions of Spain least visited by the tourist. And yet, a +flowering and fruitful Eden, it lies beneath a burning sun, its waters +trained in obedience to the hand of man. It puts forth a vegetation of +tropical luxuriance. Demeter has blessed the land. Under the soft +caressing winds that sweep up from the Mediterranean the soil yields +four or five crops in the year to the industry of the peasant. And if at +times the dreaded sirocco, charged with poisonous vapours from the +Albufera, lays the country prostrate--well, for every Paradise was +devised a snake! + +The people of the province, with the exception of those of Orihuela, +speak that variety of the Romance which I may call Catalan, and which, +with local modification, is common all along the eastern coast of Spain +from the mouth of the Segura to the frontier of Rousillon. Limousin, as +it is sometimes called, is not a mere dialect, but a quite distinct +language, a survival of the old _Langue d’oc_. Probably it was spoken by +those Romanised Spaniards who were driven north of the Pyrenees by the +Arabic invasion. It would be restored by them when they reconquered this +portion of their old territory. The Christian population, before +Valencia was recovered by Jaime el Conqueridor of Aragon, spoke +Castilian or a tongue akin to it. But the Catalan of the new rulers was +stronger, and soon swept aside the common speech of the people. +Curiously enough, this same Catalan was not the language used in Aragon +itself, a fact which no doubt had a strong determining influence in the +choice of Castilian at the time of the unification of the two kingdoms. +Why Orihuela alone clung to its old Castilian tongue in despite of the +Conqueror is not clear, unless it was owing merely to the proximity of +Murcia. + +In character the Valencians are superstitious, revengeful, relentless in +hate. “Ni olvido ni perdono” is their motto. They love the colour and +joy of life. Dancing and love-making are their chief delights. And yet +they are a laborious race. But their white, rather flabby appearance +proclaims them lacking in backbone and initiative. “Flesh is grass, and +grass is water. The men are women, the women--nothing!” says their own +proverb. + +The fertile huerta has found its novelist in Blasco Ibañez, a native of +Valencia, who has beautifully described the languid life of the +province. A translation must necessarily lack the force and elegance of +the master’s style, but the following passages will at least enable the +reader to picture a summer in the south: + +“When the vast plain awakes in the bluish light of dawn, the last of the +nightingales that have sung through the night breaks off abruptly in his +final trill, as though he had been stricken by the steely shaft of day. +Sparrows in whole coveys burst forth from the thatched roofs, and +beneath this aerial rabble preening their wings the trees shake and nod. + +“One by one the murmurs of the night subside; the trickling of the +water-courses, the sighing of the reeds, the barking of the watchful +dogs, other sounds belonging to the day, grow louder and fill the +huerta, the crow of the cock is heard from every farm, and the village +bells proclaim the call to prayer borne across from the towers of +Valencia, which are yet misty in the distance. From the farmyards arises +a discordant animal concert--the neighing of horses, the bellowing of +oxen, the clucking of hens, the bleating of lambs, the grunting of +swine--the sounds produced by beasts that scent the keen odour of +vegetation in the morning breeze and are hungry for the fields. + +“The sky is suffused with light, and with light life inundates the plain +and penetrates to the interior of human and animal abodes. Doors open +creaking. In the porches white figures appear, their hands clasped +behind their necks, scanning the horizon. From the stables issue towards +the city milch cows, herds of goats, manure-carts. Bells tinkle between +the dwarf trees bordering the high road, and every now and again is +heard the sharp “Arre, Aca” of the drivers. + +“On the thresholds of the cottages those bound for the town exchange +greetings with those who stay in the fields. ‘Bon dia nos done Deu!’ +[May God give us a good day!] ‘Bon Dia.’ + +“Immense is the energy, the explosion of life at midsummer, the best +season of the year, the time of harvest and abundance. Space throbs with +light and heat. The African sun rains torrents of fire on the land +already crackled and wrinkled by its burning caresses, and its golden +beams pierce the dense foliage, beneath which are hidden the canals and +trenches to save them from the all-powerful vivifying heat. + +“The branches of the trees are heavy with fruit. They bend beneath the +weight of yellow grapes covered with glazed leaves. Like the pink +cheeks of a child grow the apricots amid the verdure. Children greedily +eye the luxurious burden of the fig-trees. From the gardens is wafted +the scent of jasmin, and the magnolias dispense their incense in the +burning air, laden with the perfume of cereals. + +“The gleaming scythe has already sheared the land, levelling the golden +fields of wheat and the tall corn-stalks which bowed beneath their heavy +load of life. The hay forms yellow hills which reflect the colour of the +sun. The wheat is winnowed in a whirlwind of dust; in the naked fields +among the stubble sparrows hop from spot to spot in search of stray +gleanings. Everywhere are happiness and joyous labour. Waggons go +groaning down the road; children frolic in the fields and among the +sheaves, thinking of the wheaten cakes in prospect, and of the lazy +pleasant life which begins for the farmer when his barn is filled. Even +the old horses stride along more gaily, cheered by the smell of the +golden grain which will flow steadily into their mangers as the year +rolls on. + +“When the harvest has levelled the panorama and cleared the great +stretches of wheat sprinkled with poppies, the plain seems vast, almost +illimitable. Farther than the eye can reach stretch its great squares of +red soil, marked off by paths and trenches. The Sunday’s rest is +rigorously observed over the whole countryside. Not a man is seen +toiling in the fields, not a beast at work on the road. Down the paths +pass old women with their mantillas drawn over their eyes, and their +little chairs hanging to their arms. In the distance resound, like the +tearing of linen, the shots fired at the swallows, which fly hither and +thither in circles. A noise seems to be produced by their wings ruffling +the crystal firmament. From the canals rises the murmur of clouds of +almost invisible flies. In a farm all painted blue, under an ancient +arbour, there is a whirlwind of gaily-coloured shawls and petticoats, +while the guitars with their drowsy rhythm and the strident cornets +accompany the measures of the Valencian ‘Jota.’ + +“In the village the little plaza is thronged with the field-folk. The +men are in their shirt-sleeves with black sashes and gorgeous +handkerchiefs arranged mitre-like on their heads. The old men lean on +their big Liria sticks. The young men, with sleeves turned up, display +their red nervous arms and carry mere sprigs of ash between their huge +knotted fingers. + +“In the afternoon, towards the fountain along the road, bordered with +poplars which shake their silvered foliage, go groups of girls with +their pitchers on their heads. Their rhythmical movements and their +grace recall the Athenian Canephori. This procession to the well lends +to the huerta something of a Biblical character. The Fontana de la Reina +is the pride of the huerta, condemned to drink the water of wells, and +the red and dirty liquid of the canals. It is esteemed as an ancient and +valuable work. It has a square basin with walls of reddish stone. The +water is below the soil. You reach the bottom by means of six green and +slippery steps. Opposite the steps is a defaced bas-relief, probably a +Virgin attended by angels--no doubt an ex-voto of the time of the +Conquest. Laughter and chatter are not wanting round the well. The girls +cluster round, eager to fill their pitchers but in no hurry to depart. +They jostle each other on the steps, with their petticoats gathered in +between their legs, the better to lean forward and to plunge their +vessels into the basin. The surface of the water is unceasingly troubled +by the bubbles rising from the sandy bed, which is covered with weeds +waving in the current.” + +The exuberant natural life pictured in these passages is not altogether +due to the bounty of nature. The scorching sun would have brought death +instead of life to Valencia without the co-operation of man. The whole +province is a triumph of irrigation. The Moors were masters of hydraulic +science. They tapped the Jucar and the Guadalaviar and drew their +waters through the Moncada and seven smaller but magnificent canals into +every corner of the land. This was the legacy they left behind when they +were so suicidally expelled. Their successors, as Mr. Richard Ford so +eloquently puts it, exercise “a magic control over water, wielding it at +their bidding”--presumably as Gilbert’s hero Ferdinando brandished the +turtle soup! + +Bequeathed also directly by the Moors, the Tribunal of the Waters is the +most interesting sight of Valencia. It is independent of all law; no +Government has ever touched it; it has no written records. The court +meets every Thursday morning at eleven o’clock at the Apostles’ Gate of +the Cathedral in the capital, to try all cases and disputes in regard to +the precious water that is the life-blood of the province. There are +seven judges, one for each canal, elected by the peasantry of the +districts, and each is known by the name of his canal--Mislata, Cuarte, +and so forth. They are grave, stoutly-built men, with tanned faces and +close-cropped hair. They wear black, the colour beloved by the +comfortably situated working man all the world over; but they have not +degenerated quite so far as to discard the native handkerchief round +their polished brows, or the espadrilla, the Valencian shoe. + +Except that the turban has given place to the sombrero and the divan to +an ancient sofa, the proceedings of the tribunal are as patriarchal as +of old. In the plaza a crowd of litigants are collected, chattering, +gesticulating, arguing their wrongs according to the manner of their +kind all the world over. With an air of importance befitting the +occasion the Alguazil of the tribunal places the magisterial bench in +the shadow of the great Gothic portal. A light rail will keep the vulgar +at a distance. Then the peasant magistrates take their seats, and the +oldest pronounces the words, “Se abri el tribunal” (The tribunal is +open). A portentous silence falls, for any one who speaks before his +turn must pay a fine. One by one the litigants are introduced within the +railing and plead their cause bareheaded before the court. Woe to the +insolent wight that dare stand covered in its presence. The Alguazil +will tear the handkerchief from off his head, and he will also be +mulcted in a fine. Each must await the tapping of the presidential foot +before he ventures into the presence. But the severity of the discipline +does not suffice to make the fiery Valencians restrain their feelings. +At every moment there is an explosion of wrath or indignation, a heated +expostulation from one or other of the parties. The fines collected must +be a considerable sum. Out of their own wisdom the judges give their +decisions, which are almost invariably received without discontent. The +Valencians are anxious to preserve their unique tribunal from criticism +and interference, for they know that in Spain, as in other countries, +royal justice is a costly matter. + +The history of Valencia for all practical purposes is that of its +capital and namesake. “Its name,” says Mr. Ford, “is fondly derived +from, or considered equivalent to, Roman, because Ρὡμη in Greek +signifies power, as Valencia does in Latin.” The principle is doubtless +excellent, but seems to be that of _lucus a non lucendo_. + +When the warriors of Viriathus surrendered to Rome on the death of their +chief, Valencia was granted to them by the Consul D. Junius Brutus. +Destroyed by Pompey, it became a _colonia_ when rebuilt and the capital +of the Edetani. But the history of few Roman colonies, as it has reached +us, is of interest. The province had the usual martyrs under the +persecution of Diocletian and Decius, and was the place of banishment of +the zealot Ermengild. Proud of its haughty name, Valencia has yet +allowed itself to be taken and retaken oftener than any other city in +the world. In 413 it yielded to the Goths, and three hundred years later +with great nonchalance transferred its allegiance to the Moor. It formed +at one time part of the Khalifate; and again, one or more petty kingdoms +in itself. + +Don Feodoro Lleorente speaks of “the slave kings” of Valencia. It is +certain that many of its rulers were slave adventurers from the palace +of the Khalifa, who, like the janizaries of Turkey had literally carved +their fortunes with their swords. One of these princes added the +Balearic Isles to his realms and unsuccessfully attempted the conquest +of Sardinia. + +The kingdom thus founded by military adventurers was overthrown by the +most famous of that warlike brood. + +The Moors had made the desert blossom like the rose. Wealth and +prosperity had been secured to the province. The Moslem paradise was +located here. Medinat-u-Tarab was its capital--the City of Mirth. The +greedy eyes of Christian neighbours were inevitably drawn to such a +region, and the break-up of the Ummeyah dynasty offered an excellent +opportunity for interference. + +Valencia was split up into factions, and the King or Amir Kadir was +merely the puppet of the two opposing parties, who alternately supported +him on his tottering throne. But the Moors were a proud race and felt +themselves dishonoured in yielding homage to so weak a ruler. Headed by +Ibn Jahhaf, the people rose in revolt. Kadir fled, but was detected +under his woman’s disguise, was taken and beheaded. That strange +anomaly a Mohammedan republic was formed. A council of the leaders was +constituted with Ibn Jahhaf as President. + +A people which arrogates the right to choose its ruler has ever been +considered a sort of pirate among the nations, and fair game for more +powerful States. Kadir, at the time of his deposition, had been under +the hardly disinterested protection of the Cid, who, under pretence of +avenging his _protégé’s_ death, immediately advanced on Valencia. For +some time Ibn Jahhaf, who seems to have had some of the qualities of a +great general, amused the Campeador with negotiations, while he pushed +hastily forward preparations for defence. Discovering that he was being +played with, the Cid swept through the country and threw his army round +Valencia, which for twenty months made a stubborn resistance. The city +falling at length, Jahhaf, who had become a special object of hatred to +the Conqueror, was burnt alive in the plaza. Until his death in 1097, +the Cid ruled the kingdom as absolute lord and despot. The legend runs +that Ximena, his wife, defended the city for two years after her +husband’s death. And so great was the reputation and the terror of the +Campeador that she finally won a victory over the Mussulmans and carried +him to his last resting-place at Cardeña by the stratagem of placing his +corpse fully armed upon his war-horse with his celebrated sword in his +hand. + +But for two centuries longer Valencia followed the law of the Prophet. +It was finally wrested from the yoke of Islam on the memorable 28th of +September 1238, when the standard of the victorious Jaime I. of Aragon +was hoisted over the tower of Ali Bufat, and the Crescent bowed before +the Cross. The conquest in the history of Aragon ranks with the taking +of Seville in the history of Castile. Granada was the joint conquest of +both kingdoms. The way in which the Moors in these old days surrendered +their whole kingdom to the Christians, sometimes after only one battle +had been fought, stands out in dark contrast with the tenacious +resistance offered by their descendants in Algeria in modern times. +Enervated by the climate of Spain the Mussulmans of that country were +absolutely incapable of maintaining a prolonged guerilla warfare. If a +fortified capital was taken they at once handed over the whole kingdom +to the conqueror. They were not of course peculiar in this respect. The +sentiments of nationality and physical courage are characteristic far +more of the modern than of the ancient world. We have only to compare +the resistance of the Anglo-Saxons to the Normans with that of the Boers +to the British, of the French in the Hundred Years War with that of +their descendants in 1871, to realise how much more of manliness and +endurance we possess than did our ancestors. We must go back to the days +of Leonidas and Regulus to find parallels for the exploits of our own +Indian Army; to Numantia and Seguntum for parallels to Saragossa and +Gerona. National and individual self-respect withered under feudalism, +and revived only on the introduction of free institutions. + +The commerce and wealth of the country now fell into the hands of the +Jews, who came over in great numbers from Aragon. For a long time the +industrious people lived, hated it is true, but unmolested, in their own +quarter of the city. But one ill-fated day a band of children, urged on +probably by some fanatic, marched against the Jewry crying that they had +come to baptize the unbelieving dogs, and that the Archdeacon of Seville +was close upon their heels. In terror the wretched people retreated to +their homes, firmly barricading themselves. Some of the Christian +children got shut up in the quarter. Like wildfire the rumour spread +through the streets that the Jews were submitting them to untold +tortures behind their barred doors. The whole populace went mad with the +rage for blood, attacked the wholly unprepared Jews, and the most +horrible scenes of massacre ensued. This was in 1391. The prosperity of +Valencia suffered its first severe blow with the barbarous expulsion of +the Moors at the command of Philip III. Another fell some time later +when, on account of its strenuous opposition to the French claim to the +Crown, Philip V. confiscated the liberties of the province and imposed +an enormous fine. + +But Valencia, though fallen from its old estate, is nevertheless to-day +a thriving prosperous province; its capital is handsome and progressive. +Busy life pulsates through the streets; the _cafés_ are alive with the +hum of voices. There is little to recall the days of its allegiance to +the Prophet, and it has not retained more monuments of the past than +most other cities. From the sightseer’s point of view it is not +intensely interesting; from the stranger’s, even less convenient, since +indications of the names of the streets are few and far between. New and +splendid avenues are arising, which, in pleasant contrast to the dull +uniformity of most Continental town perspectives, contain houses +original and individual in style. You enter the town by one of two +massive castellated gates, which give a note of the mediæval picturesque +to their respective quarters. The fourteenth century Torres de Serranos +form a narrow archway flanked by two fine octagonal towers. Above, are +windows with elaborate panelling, and heavy machicolations crown the +whole building. The Torres de Cuartes, of a century later, are very +similar, but the parapet is itself borne on corbels and machicolated. +Unfortunately the walls of the city have perished. + +The Cathedral, the Lonja, and the Picture Gallery exhaust the sights of +Valencia. The Cathedral was founded in 1262 on the ruins of the Great +Mosque, which in its turn had replaced the Temple of Diana. It is far +inferior to most of the great Spanish churches in beauty and interest. +Originally Gothic, it was considerably enlarged in the fifteenth +century, the height, however, being left unaltered. The principal +entrance, in the receding circular form, is an outrage, but the north +door, called the Puerta de los Apostoles, richly sculptured and +delicately moulded, exhibits the skill and industry of the fourteenth +century at its best. + +Above the semicircular Puerta de Palau is an interesting series of +medallions. These represent the heads of fourteen men and women. These +are the seven knights of the Conquest and the seven fair ladies they +sought in the surrounding provinces, from whom the whole Valencian +nobility is said to be sprung. This doorway is evidently by the same +hand as the Puerta de los Infantes at Lerida. But the most striking part +of the Cathedral is the imposing Miguelete Tower. Its sculpture is +indifferent, but seen from a distance the effect is fine. It is the +great landmark of the district, and the Valencians speak of exile as +“losing sight of the Miguelete.” + +The plan of the Cathedral, like most Spanish churches, is cruciform. In +1760 the interior was modernised in a manner that makes the +beauty-loving traveller long to tear his hair--or that of the +perpetrator of the “restoration.” Over-decoration is its chief defect. +The walls have been encrusted with marbles, the Gothic columns almost +concealed by Corinthian pilasters, the pointed arches rounded off. The +church may merit its surname of “La Rica,” but it has lost that +atmosphere of remote beauty that calls forth the instincts of religion +in the worshipper. During the French occupation of 1809 the magnificent +silver altar was melted down, but fortunately its protecting door panels +were uninjured. These are painted with six pictures by Francisco Pagano +and Pablo de San Leocadio, disciples of Leonardo da Vinci, and ascribed +by some to the master himself. The spurs and bridle of Jaime el +Conqueridor, presented by him on the day he took the city to his Master +of the Horse, are preserved on one of the pillars on the Gospel side. + +The choir is for the most part modern, with plain and classical walnut +stalls. The rear portion, or _trascoro_, dates from the fifteenth +century, and is decorated with a fine series of Biblical scenes in +alabaster. The chapels have little of interest, except the tomb of Tomás +de Villanueva, the holy Archbishop of Valencia, in the one dedicated to +him. Over the crossing rises the fine octagonal lantern, which was built +in 1404 and restored in 1731. It was once adorned by many trophies, +among them the flags taken from the Genoese by Ramon Corveran, a famous +sea-dog of Valencia. These, however, have long since vanished. + +After the Cathedral the Lonja de la Seda, or Silk Exchange, is the most +interesting sight of Valencia. Built in the Gothic style (though not of +the purest) it is one of the best specimens of civil architecture of the +Middle Ages that we have remaining. Its square tower, crenellated +chimneys, open galleries and high windows give an extremely fine effect. +The hall has spirally fluted pillars that branch out into graceful +clusters of palm-leaves. The ceiling is painted with stars and round the +walls runs the legend, “He only that shall not have deceived nor done +usury shall be worthy of eternal life,” which (let us hope) has guided +generations of merchants into the paths of commercial integrity. The +Audiencia, in good Renaissance style, is well worth a visit, where in +the Salon de Cortes the old provincial States assembled till the middle +of the eighteenth century. As a building the University is beautiful, +if it is a little backward in thought. Here Fernando VII. raised the +noble sport of _Tauromachy_, or Bull-fighting, to the dignity of a +Faculty! + +The smaller churches are interesting enough, but not striking, and the +visitor will do well to prefer the almost deserted Picture Gallery. +Until the name of Velasquez dwarfed that of every other Spanish artist, +Valencia boasted a school of painting second to none in the country. +Ribalta, Juanes, Ribera, Espinosa, and Orrente all lived and loved and +painted in the old kingdom. The story of Ribalta is romantic. The son of +a ploughman, he deemed himself on the high road to fortune when he +entered a Valencian studio as a pupil. But alas! the black eyes and +pretty figure of his master’s daughter proved more alluring than canvas +virgins. Ribalta was dismissed the studio in disgrace. He wandered +towards Italy, the land of promise, and studied under the brothers +Carracci. Some years later he returned. His mistress was in possession +of the studio, her father having gone out. A wooden and lifeless Madonna +stood on an easel. Ribalta seized a brush and painted furiously until +sunset, and when the artist returned a masterpiece was awaiting him. +Astonishment, admiration, tears, and gratitude--no artist could forbid +his daughter’s _fiançailles_ with a man of genius. Ribalta afterwards +devoted his whole life to the adornment of the churches of his native +kingdom. + +But Valencia is hardly less distinguished for its theatre than for its +painting. Here at the end of the sixteenth century was founded the +celebrated society of “Nocturnes” which welcomed the youth of Lope de +Vega. Guillen de Castro was its head, a man of wit and honourable +family, whose adventurous life ended in the gutter. He is best known as +the author of _Las Mocedades del Cid_, a tedious drama with a fine +heroic touch, whence Corneille drew his inspiration. + +Leaving Valencia we run southward as far as Alcira without a stop. Here +we cross the Jucar, which strikes terror into the hearts of the +townsfolk. Rising in the rainy season with terrible rapidity, with +constant shiftings of its channel, it sweeps over the countryside, +swallowing up whole villages in its destructive, impetuous course. When +the sky grows black and the river starts to rise, the panic-stricken +inhabitants run to the churches and seize the images. Then with frenzied +prayers to the _Pare San Bernard_, they dip the holy forehead in the +water, hoping to stay the onrush of the torrent. But the inundated +country to-day will in a few years bear heavy rice crops and luxuriant +orchards. The swampy unhealthy lagoon, the Albufera (which gave its +name to one of Napoleon’s marshals) is becoming filled up with the +_débris_ brought down from the mountains. Soon it, too, will be a +fertile huerta. Meanwhile, trees are being planted on the rugged +hill-side, a wise measure which it is hoped will check the violence of +the floods and the denudation of the arid soil. + +Jativa will be our next stopping-place. Like most of the towns in this +country it is rich in historic interest. Past cottages, embosomed in +palm-and orange-trees, you climb up to the hill where the old and new +castles stand side by side. Here in 1284 the Infantes de la Cerda, +rightful heirs to the throne, were confined by their Uncle Sancho el +Bravo. Here too the Duke of Calabria, heir of Naples, languished for ten +years after having trusted himself to the honour of Gonzalo de Cordoba, +who betrayed him. This was one of the three deeds of which Gonzalo is +said to have repented at the last. Indeed the castle of Jativa seems to +have greatly troubled his death-bed, for we learn that the second of +these three misdeeds was the imprisonment in the same place of the +infamous Cæsar Borgia. The Borgias--those super-men of the +Renaissance--had their origin in the neighbourhood of Jativa, which also +boasts itself the birthplace of the artist Ribera. + +The smaller coast towns of Alicante attract the weary traveller by their +beautifully sounding names: Benidorm, Villajoyosa--what pleasant chords +they strike in the imagination! But time is short. You think of them +regretfully and hurry towards the capital. But first, if the month is +April, you must turn aside for a flying visit to Alcoy, where every year +a mediæval joust takes place to the glory of Saint George (the city’s +patron saint) and the discomfiture of the Moors. This is to celebrate +the taking of the town from the Moors by Jaime el Conqueridor in 1253. + +Alicante, the largest town in the province of that name, and the second +in the Kingdom of Valencia, is as dull as most thriving commercial +centres. Its broad white quays are thronged with a busy bustling +humanity. Touches of vivid colour in the dress of the women, who are +labouring like navvies, a burning sun overhead, and the blue of the +Mediterranean, make a not unpleasing picture. Behind the town towers an +enormous rock--a second Gibraltar--crowned by the old castle of Santa +Barbara. A deep fissure in the rock recalls the stubborn siege of 1707, +when the English General and all his garrison were blown to pieces by a +mine. + +Southwards still, to Elche, the City of Palms, or, less poetically, “The +Frying-pan!” A mist of heat seems to hang over the little +Oriental-looking town. Not even in the palm groves that shut out the +desert can you avoid it. These magnificent trees (it has been estimated +that there are 80,000 in the belt that encircles the town) provide +practically all the palms used by the Christian churches in Passion +Week. In the shade of their avenues flourish the laurel, the rose, and +the geranium; beyond, extend crops of lucerne and wheat, watered by the +carefully regulated Vinalapo. + +But though Elche makes an agreeable impression on travellers, in Spain +it is chiefly celebrated for its Passion or Mystery Play, the only one +of its kind in the kingdom. Elche is under the special protection of Our +Lady of the Assumption, who sent her miraculous image over the seas +along with the words and music of the opera inscribed _Soy para Elche_ +(I am for Elche). To this image, supposed to have been found in 1370 by +a coastguard named Canto, many houses and palm plantations round the +city belong. They are all marked with a crown and the initials M.V. The +image is said to have been carved by St. Luke, but hardly reflects +credit on his skill. However, the miracles it performs seem highly +satisfactory, judging by the magnificent jewels and garments that have +been presented by the faithful. + +The opera is presented on August 13 and 14, the eve and the feast of the +Assumption. In a country where the sister of Cervantes was allowed to +install a theatre in her convent and herself play the leading _rôles_, +you are not surprised to find that the representation takes place in the +church, which is, however, for the occasion, carefully stripped of +sacred images. + +The scenery, as in mediæval days, is simple. There is a little cave for +the Garden of Gethsemane, a plain coffin for the Holy Sepulchre. Angels +playing harps on a blue cloth stretched across the roof betoken the +celestial regions. Hence, by an ingenious arrangement of ropes and +pulleys, angels will presently come down to take the Virgin up to +heaven. Apostles and saints, their names legibly inscribed on cardboard +haloes, the holy angels and the Trinity itself have all their appointed +parts. The Virgin is a small boy of eleven. Unfortunately that touch of +vulgarity which seems inseparable from modern Continental Catholicism +liberally decorates the angels with well-greased hair, vivid sashes, and +paper flowers of startling hues. However, the crowded audience is not +critical and very real emotion at times interrupts the continuous +chatter and shaking of fans. There seems something singularly human in a +religion so all-embracing. + +Orihuela, in its fertile plain, rendered independent of rain by the +waters of the Segura, will be our last stopping-place in the southern +portion of the kingdom. Here the Goths made a last resistance under +Theodomir. Orihuela is the only city in the district where Castilian is +spoken. Its square towers and domes shaded with palms are decidedly +Oriental in appearance. A visit to the Cathedral shows some beautiful +choir-stalls of carved mahogany, but the interior of the building has +been hopelessly barbarised. There is little else to detain us here, so +we take train again for Valencia and the north. + + + + +SAGUNTUM AND CASTELLON + + +Leaving the city of Valencia, the traveller journeys northwards through +one of the most luxuriant garden-plains of southern Europe. Groves of +olive, almond, and orange trees crowd thick upon each other, their +almost monotonous fruitfulness broken only by an occasional graceful +cluster of stately palms. Soon there comes in sight a hill crowned with +an irregular line of battlemented walls. Its silhouette is warm against +the sky-line. This is Saguntum, famed in story. + +You pass out of the station and on your left rise up the eastern slopes +of the Saguntine hill. At its feet are huddled the dark green tiled +roofs of the village, from among which the little church of San Salvador +detaches its quadrangular tower, proudly conscious that (in the eye of +its worshippers at least) it is the oldest Christian foundation in the +whole of Spain. Tiny cottages gleam white in the dark places of the +rocks, between thickets of aloes and prickly-pear. And far above, the +reddish walls of the castle with its huge square towers stretch in +slanting belts along the summit of the hill, keeping watch over the +ever-retreating sea that has so often been studded with the ships of +enemies. + +To the right, coaches from Teruel and Segorbe lumber along a white +ribbon of road, smothered in clouds of dust. Clambering up the fence of +masonry that separates populace and passengers a dozen Saguntine youths, +burnt by the sun, with eyes like sloes and jet-black hair, hail you in +eager tones. They thrust towards you sinewy arms holding cups of milk or +wine and plates of savoury meats, with branches of oranges or wands +garlanded with fruits and sweet-smelling flowers. + +But it is a silent town, Saguntum (or Murviedro as it is generally +called), and seems to brood on memories of the past. Founded in 1389 +B.C. by the Greeks of Zacynthus, it has been held in turn by +Carthaginian and Roman, by Goth, Moor, and Spaniard. Its place in +history is unique. The story of its famous siege has repeatedly been +told. + +It is the year 219 B.C.--the eve of the Second Punic War. Hannibal, +having sworn war to the death on Rome, is gathering his forces for a +crushing blow. The wealth of Saguntum attracts him; impoverished by the +loss of Sicily, its position as frontier town appeals to him as a +strategist; as the ally of Rome it draws his hatred. Suddenly a force +of a hundred and fifty thousand Carthaginian soldiers is hurled against +the town; battering-rams thunder at the gates; huge catapults scatter +death among the startled townsfolk. Then begins a struggle that can be +compared only with Numantia in ancient or Saragossa in modern times. +Force and cunning have met their match in desperate heroism. + +The siege lasted for eight months. Rome was appealed to, but her +Ambassadors were not allowed to land. They turned to Carthage and +entered the Senate House. “I bring you peace or war,” cried Valerius +Flaccus; “choose which you will have!” and resounding cries of “War! +War!” initiated one of the fiercest struggles of antiquity. But though +fighting against a common enemy, Rome deserted her Spanish ally. + +A city beseiged is a city doomed. Saguntum could hold out no longer. +Hannibal named his terms--life and two garments to each individual. +Arms, wealth, and Fatherland must all be given up, and the inhabitants +must drift to whatever part of the world the conqueror decreed. + +Immediately, by order of the Senate, a scaffold was erected in the +public square. All the wealth from the public treasury was flung upon +it. Private citizens added their treasures to the holocaust, and with +the courage of despair flung themselves into the flames. Then a shout +arose from the walls; one of the towers had fallen and the attacking +army swarmed over the ramparts to wholesale massacre. Such is Livy’s +account, but it is probably an overstatement. For though the +Carthaginians, being a Semitic race, were capable of any cruelty, +history records that the first act of the Scipios, on rebuilding the +town four years later, was to buy back the exiled inhabitants. + +Two thousand years later Saguntum was once again the theatre of war, +when in 1808 it was attacked and taken by Marshal Suchet. But Napoleon’s +success was as ephemeral as Hannibal’s. The French violet could not take +root in the granite of Spain. + +The present castle is principally Moorish, though some traces of the old +Saguntine walls can be distinguished. It is probable that the keep +described by Livy occupied the site of the present citadel. There are +some old Moorish cisterns to which the girls of the village climb in the +evening with water-jars on their shoulders. + +A little lower down the hill lies the ancient Roman amphitheatre, the +most nearly perfect of its kind that exists to-day, not even excepting +those of Italy. The separate entrances that Roman ceremony required for +knights and magistrates, for women and for the common people, can still +be recognised in spite of the depredations of Suchet and the +Philistines. Its thirty-three tiers of bluish grey pebbles, cemented +cunningly together to look like huge blocks of stone, rise with the +sloping hill-side. The theatregoer of Murviedro had little to complain +of in the old days. If the play was tedious, he could turn his eye to +the beautiful scenery that lay before him. His lot was enviable beside +the Londoner’s. + +The plain that now separates Murviedro from the sea is rich in ruins of +a bygone age. Desultory excavations have yielded some results. In 1795 a +magnificent mosaic was discovered representing Bacchus astride a tiger +in the midst of revellers, which, unfortunately, has since been lost. +For the antiquary with money at his back and method in his brain a rich +and interesting harvest lies waiting. + +Leaving Saguntum we continue northwards past the picturesque old castle +of Almenara; past Nules, famous for its mineral springs; past Burriana, +whose oranges you have eaten in every country of Europe; and the train +steams at length into Castellon de la Plana. To the eye this city is +uninteresting enough, but the imagination is touched by the recital of +its history. + +A league to the north of the town the barren mountains of the Desierta +rise from an arid plain. Here can be seen some crumbling grey walls and +a hermitage in honour of St. Mary Magdalena. The walls mark the site of +the old town captured in 1233 by Jaime I. of Aragon. A few years later +the inhabitants petitioned the King’s lieutenant for leave to remove +their town to the fertile plain on the coast where it now stands. Not +only was this granted but considerable privileges were bestowed on the +enterprising city. + +Every year on the third Sunday in Lent this event is commemorated by the +Feast of Las Gayates. Clergy and laity alike, bearing green reeds, +proceed in pilgrimage to the hermitage, where a solemn service is +celebrated. A gay crowd invades the hill. They sing; they dance; they +shout; they eat and drink. After this sylvan feast, they troop back to +the town. At nightfall a second procession sets out, in which are +represented with all edifying accompaniments the worldly pomps and +repentance of the Magdalene. Raised up among a myriad flashing lanterns +the “Gayata,” which gives its name to the festival and recalls the +removal of the city, is borne along with song and dance. + +More than once has Castellon fought bravely in defence of its liberties. +A very strenuous resistance was offered to Pedro IV. when the women +fought side by side with the men upon the walls. One of the amazon +warriors killed a relative of the attacking General, Don Pedro de Boil, +and was hanged in the market-place on the fall of the city, along with +the other rebel leaders. Considering the part that Spanish women have +played in the history of their country, it is curious to remember that +voluptuous indolence is supposed to entirely sum up their character. The +War of the Brotherhood, that great popular rising, gave three more +martyrs to Castellon. It is not, therefore, surprising to find that this +city to-day stands, in the province to which it gives its name, for +democratic tendencies. So Morella on its rocky throne, the stronghold of +the ferocious Carlist chief, Cabrera, stands for aristocratic +militarism; and Segorbe, lying in the shadow of the magnificent +monastery of Valdecristo, for the ecclesiastical element and clerical +control. + + + + +THE KINGDOM OF MURCIA + + +The ancient Kingdom of Murcia, which lies to the south of Valencia, +includes the two modern provinces of Murcia and Albacete. It is a wild, +fierce region, where the sun’s heat scorches all vegetation from off the +hill-sides. Deep and terrible chasms yawn between the rugged mountains; +there are sharp and rocky peaks that seem to have been thrown up by +sudden upheavals of the earth, and at their feet lie great stretches of +tawny desert recalling the burning expanse of the Sahara. The shadow of +long-continued drought often broods over the whole kingdom. But yet the +district watered by the Segura is an earthly paradise--in spring all +flowers, in autumn all fruit. Mingling with the carob-tree and +broad-leaved palm glistens the gold of oranges, and luxuriant vines give +pleasant promise of a sparkling harvest. + +But nature has not thus blessed the land of her own free will. She +needed coaxing and much wooing by the cunning Arabs. A wonderful system +of irrigation prevails, and science has harnessed fast the wayward +rivers. The greatest treasure of the Murcian, water, is sold by auction +to the highest bidder. M. Jean Brunhés, in a lately published work, +gives some very curious and interesting details relating to this +singular system. + +The volume of the Monegre is divided into old and new water, the former +belonging of right to the ancient riparian proprietors, the latter to +the owners of the locks and reservoirs. A very vicious system prevails +at Lorca. There, a private company has obtained all rights in the water +of Guadalentin, subject to the condition of supplying the old +proprietors of the adjoining lands with 500 litres per second every day. +Only in rainy seasons, when the company’s barrage is swept away by the +torrent (as it usually is some five or six times in the year), does the +water become public property. When this happens the company is not +allowed to make the barrage any stronger when it is rebuilt. In seasons +of drought the owners are masters of the situation, and are able to +recoup themselves for the losses thus incurred by forcing up prices to a +figure absolutely ruinous to all but the richest cultivators. There is +only one palliation to this system, that the bidder who has bought the +first lot can buy as many of the lots following as he may desire at the +same figure. Notwithstanding this poor concession it would seem that the +principle of private ownership has been pushed a little too far in this +part of the world. + +Here is M. Brunhés’ account of the water auction at Lorca: + +“The sale takes place in a badly lit hall with naked walls, on a level +with the street, with which it communicates by an immense door almost +its own breadth. This door remains open during the sale, and the crowd +of bidders stand partly in the street. The hall has no floor; you stand +on the bare ground. Opposite the door at the end of the hall is a +railed-off daïs, entered by a side door, and without any direct +communication with the public side. On the daïs the secretaries are +seated at a large table covered by a threadbare green cloth. Behind the +table are five arm-chairs. In one is seated the presiding officer (a +civil engineer who must own no land in the Vega). On a stool is +stationed the crier. + +“At eight o’clock in the morning, at a sign from the presiding officer, +the crier pronounces these words in a singing monotonous voice, and +without any pause between the two phrases: ‘In honour of the Holy +Sacrament of the Altar, who buys the first lot of Sotellana?’ +Immediately shouts go up, ‘Eight, nine, or ten reales!’ One voice +overpowers the other, wide mouths vociferate loudly, necks are strained, +muscles grow tense with excitement. The bidders press and crush each +other against the iron railing, for the one nearest has the best chance +of being heard. The presiding officer listens and follows the frantic +shouting with sovereign calm. Suddenly, with a quick gesture, he +designates the highest bidder. At once the clamour ceases. Amid absolute +silence the man indicated calls out his name, which the clerks write +down. + +“The men are hatless. Some wear black or dark-coloured handkerchiefs +bound round their heads, but all hold their broad-brimmed hats in their +hands. No one smokes or talks till the bidding recommences, and even +those in the street are silent and bareheaded. It is easy to see that +all are peasants. Heads are closely cropped; here are no beards or +moustaches, no one wears a collar, and most carry a cloak other than the +aristocratic _capa_ on the shoulders or arm. It is a curious and +impressive sight enough these bronzed physiognomies, animated by one +desire to obtain, as cheaply as may be, possession of the supreme good, +water.” + +Such is the province of Murcia in the twentieth century. When vegetation +depended only on the sun and very infrequent rain, the land can have +been very little better than an arid wilderness. And yet its possession +has from the earliest times been a matter of keen dispute. To the early +inhabitants have always been ascribed those simple guileless virtues +with which the eighteenth century endowed the noble savage. Like the +high-souled inhabitants of More’s “Utopia,” they used the gold and +silver, in which their mountains abounded, for the meanest articles of +domestic use. But this admirable custom seems unfortunately to have been +based on mere ignorance of the value of their treasures. + +More sophisticated were the Phœnicians, who scented the precious metals +from afar, and here, as everywhere, established their commercial +centres. Next, the Greeks swooped down and planted colonies, rivalry +between the two races precipitating the fierce conflict between their +respective allies, the Carthaginians and the Romans. New Carthage, or +Cartagena, was founded by Hasdrubal; his son made it the starting-place +of his famous march to Rome. The city made a brave resistance to Scipio, +and its fall marked the downfall of the Carthaginian in Spain. + +As an outpost of the Roman Empire this district was one of the first +abandoned to the attacks of the barbarians. Under the Visigoths it +became a duchy with the name of Aurariola, which offered so determined a +resistance to the Mussulman that it was enabled to retain its +independence, subject merely to the Khalifa as suzerain. Here, as in so +many Iberian sieges, the women played no small part. Dressed as men, +they paraded the walls of the city: and by this stratagem enabled Duke +Theodomir to obtain such favourable terms. + +Perpetuating the memory of this Duke, the province lasted under the name +of Todmir some sixty-eight years as a self-governing State. But the last +governors allied themselves with Charlemagne. Arab invaders poured in, +who soon swamped the Christian population and Todmir was completely +absorbed into the Moslem Empire. + +A new capital, Murcia, was founded, that soon rivalled Toledo and +Cordoba as a manufactory of arms. After undergoing the usual +vicissitudes of Moorish States, it was taken in 1266 by Jaime el +Conqueridor, and handed over to his son-in-law, the King of Castile. For +two hundred years it endured the attacks of the Moors of Granada, acting +meanwhile as a buffer to the Christian kingdom. + +Murcia to-day seems a survival of the Middle Ages. The legend goes that +Adam returning to earth recognised the province as the only relic of the +world he left. The Murcians are a conservative people, clinging to the +beliefs and ideas of their forefathers, untouched by the march of +thought. Religion is the changeless background of their lives, and often +its picturesque ceremonies completely hold the stage. One of the most +interesting of their religious festivals is the Passion Procession held +on Good Friday. According to tradition this has continued without +interruption since 1603, except in the year 1809 only, when it was +forbidden by the Government. + +Organised by the Confraternity of Jesus, the great feature of the +procession is the magnificent series of carved groups (known as _pasos_) +representing scenes from the Biblical narrative. These are the work of +the great master Salzillo, who is said to have carved no fewer than 1792 +wooden figures in his long life of seventy-six years. During the +eighteenth century the Trades Guilds of Murcia gave special support to +the Confraternity. They are accordingly granted the privilege of +carrying the different _pasos_ in the procession. Thus the “Kiss of +Judas” is borne by the bakers; Santa Veronica by the weavers; while the +tailors carry the gigantic group of the Last Supper. The bearers, all +alike clad in purple, carry lighted candles and musical instruments. +Their hoods shroud their heads, the eyes alone being visible through +slits; a knotted rope girdles the waist, and stockings of coarse white +wool, instead of the bare feet demanded by the original statute, +acknowledge the claims of the twentieth century. + +It is six o’clock on Good Friday morning. The streets are thronged with +eager sightseers; heads are devoutly bared and many a plain wooden +cross is displayed to mark the sympathy of the crowd. A band of mounted +gendarmes clears the way. The standard-bearer chants to the populace +that “This is done in remembrance of the Passion of Our Lord Jesus +Christ.” Smothered in flowers the first five _pasos_ are borne along. +Then to the sound of drum and trumpet, with the ringing of bells and the +blare of bugles, Our Father Jesus passes, enveloped in a cloud of +flaming candles, accompanied by the Holy Brotherhood. The remaining +_pasos_ follow close, the clergy and the representatives of King and +Bishop bringing up the rear. + +The _pasos_ themselves will repay inspection. Though abounding in +ludicrous anachronisms, often in flabby sentiment, they are beautifully +carved and superbly mounted. It is said that £1000 was offered by an +enthusiastic German for the uplifted arm of St. Peter in the “Kiss of +Judas.” + +The first group of the Last Supper is of enormous size, requiring no +fewer than twenty-four bearers during the procession. Among the tailors +of the city there is keen competition for this honour, for the splendid +collation that is offered by the pious to the lifeless feasters is later +sold by auction for the benefit of the bearers. The price it fetches is +no small one, for it is regarded as true _pain béni_, bringing +happiness to those who eat. The Agony in the Garden is reputed of +supernatural design and is known as “The Pearl of Salzillo.” The Angel +Gabriel is considered unrivalled, and the legend goes that the Duke of +Wellington bid £80,000 for this one figure. The figures are +magnificently clothed, the sword and crown of Jesus being set down in +the accounts of the brotherhood at £200 and £120 respectively. Perhaps +the finest of the groups is that which comes last--our Lady of Dolours, +whose expression of supreme sorrow has rarely been equalled whether by +chisel or brush. It is said that the sculptor copied it from the +countenance of his own daughter, to whom, with this end in view, he had +deliberately presented a forged letter announcing the suicide of her +betrothed. The _pasos_ are deposited in the Ermita de Jesus, where they +can be seen by the traveller. + +In the town of Murcia itself the influence of the Cross has almost +completely banished the Crescent. Gone is the Alcazar, where the Amirs +mimicked the State of Cordoba and Toledo; gone is the mosque, where +thousands of turbaned heads bowed daily towards Mecca. But in the centre +of the city is one of those squares found in every southern and eastern +city, which in Spain is always named after the Constitution, in Italy +after Victor Emmanuel, and in France after the Republic. To cross it in +the afternoon would mean sudden death, for Murcia is one of the hottest +corners of Europe. But later a gentle breeze springs up and the citizens +troop out to meet with friends upon the Malecon and admire the charming +view of the Segura valley, which, as M. Brunhés has said, is “an +admirable zone of model agricultural establishment.” This fertile huerta +bespeaks industry as great as that of the Swiss or Scottish peasant, for +the worship of sloth with which Mr. O’Shea charges the Murcian people is +groundless and unjust. + +A visit to the Cathedral will exhaust the architectural sights of +Murcia. Even this is not of first-class interest. Dating in parts from +1386 and Gothic in style, the west front is Churrigueresque, though +fortunately not in the most florid style of that unhappy architect. The +earthquake of 1829 and a fire in the middle of the last century have +greatly damaged the interior, but the general effect is sufficiently +striking. The choir-stalls of carved walnut are very beautiful, but the +reredos is poor. The eighth wonder of the world, in the opinion of the +inhabitants, is the little Velez Chapel modelled on the Constable’s +Chapel at Burgos, but parts of it, according to Don Rodrigo Amador de +los Rios, show the painful caprices and aberrations which announce the +death agony of a powerful art. Just beyond the Junteron Chapel, with +its wealth of beautifully sculptured figures and designs in the most +exuberant Renaissance style, is the urn where the city carefully guards +the internal organs of Alfonso the Learned--a gruesome legacy but one +greatly valued. + +Much older than Murcia, the old Visigothic capital Carthagena has +preserved even fewer monuments of antiquity, though it has not lost the +military character first impressed upon it by its founder Hasdrubal. For +this is the first arsenal of Spain and perhaps its strongest fortress. +Its splendid sheltered harbour is defended by powerful forts and +formidable batteries. Their fire has not always been directed upon the +enemies of Spain. For many months in 1873 over them waved the red flag +of the Intransigents, the extreme communistic republicans, who, +simultaneously with the Carlists of the north, threatened to ruin +Castelar’s Government at Madrid. The acquisition of the great national +arsenal without firing a shot was, of course, of the utmost advantage to +the determined revolutionaries. The garrison, in addition to the +enthusiastic population, included several revolted battalions of regular +troops under General Contreras. + +Against this terrible stronghold of the Revolution, General Martinez +Campos advanced with an army from Madrid, with orders to reduce the +place with the utmost despatch. This was easier said than done. Supplies +were lacking; the advantage in artillery lay entirely with the besieged. +The Carlists effected diversions in favour of the Intransigents--an odd +coalition. Meanwhile three of the revolutionary vessels were seized by a +Prussian squadron as pirates--an utterly unjustifiable interference with +the domestic affairs of another State. The Prussians and Italians +exacted, moreover, a war indemnity of 50,000 pesetas from the Cantonal +Junta, which body became a prey to internal dissensions. One of its +members was assassinated. Taking advantage of these embarrassments of +the besieged the republican troops redoubled their efforts. Señor +Castelar came down from Madrid to assume the supreme command, and +Martinez Campos was superseded by General Lopez Dominguez. An incessant +bombardment was kept up, the besieged responding shell by shell. In +January the frigate _Tetuan_ was burnt to the water’s edge, and a day or +two later the explosion of the magazine destroyed hundreds of the +garrison. The end was near. The city had for half a year defied almost +the whole kingdom and withstood the covert attacks of foreign Powers. +The Government troops forced their way into wretched, blood-drenched +Carthagena; Galvez, Contreras, and the leaders of the cantonal movement +escaped by sea in the ironclad _Numancia_, which far exceeded the +Government vessels in speed, and took refuge in Algeria. Thus collapsed +a movement which was, after the Commune of Paris, the most determined +organised attempt ever made to subvert the existing constitution of +European society. + +I have given at some length this chapter in the history of Carthagena, +partly because the town has little interest of itself, and partly +because these events though so recent and significant are ignored by +most writers of travel books. Out of so much evil good came at last, for +these well-nigh fatal disorders opened the eyes of the Spaniards to the +instability of the Madrid Government and formed the prelude to the reign +of peace inaugurated by the accession to the throne of King Alfonso XII. + +Boasting less than most Spanish provinces of sights that appeal only to +the casual tourist, Murcia is interesting as a region of perpetual +struggle and bloodshed; of struggle against nature, of struggles between +differing religions, and of the deadly internecine feuds of race and +race. + +[Illustration: PLATE 1 + +VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 2 + +VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW, LOOKING SOUTH] + +[Illustration: PLATE 3 + +VALENCIA: VIEW FROM THE PUENTE DEL MAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 4 + +VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 5 + +VALENCIA: VIEW FROM THE PUENTE DEL MAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 6 + +VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE TOWN BY THE PUERTA DE SANTA LUCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 7 + +VALENCIA: THE FAIR AT THE PUERTA DE SANTA LUCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 8 + +VALENCIA: PUERTA DE SERRANOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 9 + +VALENCIA: PUERTA DE CUARTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 10 + +VALENCIA: THE MARKET-PLACE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 11 + +VALENCIA: THE PUENTE REAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 12 + +VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA GLORIETA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 13 + +VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA GLORIETA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 14 + +VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA ALAMEDA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 15 + +VALENCIA: FOUNTAIN OF THE ALAMEDA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 16 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE LA ADUANA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 17 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE SANTO DOMINGO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 18 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE SAN FRANCISCO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 19 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE TÉTUAN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 20 + +VALENCIA: PLAZA DE LA CONSTITUCION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 21 + +VALENCIA: CALLE DE LA BAJADA DE SAN FRANCISCO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 22 + +VALENCIA: CALLE DE SAN VICENTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 23 + +VALENCIA: TROS ALT] + +[Illustration: PLATE 24 + +VALENCIA: CALLE DE LA BOLSERIA Y TROS ALT] + +[Illustration: PLATE 25 + +VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 26 + +VALENCIA CATHEDRAL: GATE OF THE APOSTLES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 27 + +VALENCIA: THE CATHEDRAL, PUERTA DEL PALAU] + +[Illustration: PLATE 28 + +VALENCIA CATHEDRAL: A DOOR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 29 + +VALENCIA: THE TEMPLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 30 + +VALENCIA: THE MIGUELETE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 31 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CATALINA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 32 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CATALINA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 33 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF LOS SANTOS JUANES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 34 + +VALENCIA: FAÇADE OF SAN MIGUEL EL REAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 35 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CRUZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 36 + +VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CRUZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 37 + +VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE CHURCH OF SAN ANDRÉS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 38 + +VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 39 + +VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 40 + +VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 41 + +VALENCIA: THE AUDIENCIA, OLD PALACE OF THE CORTES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 42 + +VALENCIA: ROYAL HALL IN THE AUDIENCIA, UPPER PART] + +[Illustration: PLATE 43 + +VALENCIA: ROYAL HALL IN THE AUDIENCIA, LOWER PART] + +[Illustration: PLATE 44 + +VALENCIA: INTERIOR DOOR OF THE AUDIENCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 45 + +VALENCIA: THE EXCHANGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 46 + +VALENCIA: THE EXCHANGE. DETAIL OF THE GALLERY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 47 + +VALENCIA: INTERIOR OF THE EXCHANGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 48 + +VALENCIA: INTERIOR DOOR OF THE EXCHANGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 49 + +VALENCIA: COLEGIO DEL PATRIARCA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 50 + +VALENCIA: COURTYARD IN THE COLEGIO DEL PATRIARCA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 51 + +VALENCIA: COURTYARD OF THE UNIVERSITY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 52 + +VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE CIVIL HOSPITAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 53 + +VALENCIA: GATE OF MOSEN S’ORRELL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 54 + +VALENCIA: THE CUSTOM-HOUSE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 55 + +VALENCIA: THE ARCHBISHOP’S PALACE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 56 + +VALENCIA: THE BULL-RING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 57 + +VALENCIA: TOBACCO FACTORY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 58 + +VALENCIA: A PRIVATE HOUSE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 59 + +VALENCIA: STATUE OF KING JAIME] + +[Illustration: PLATE 60 + +VALENCIA: STATUE OF RIBERA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 61 + +VALENCIA: STATUE OF ST. CHRISTOPHER] + +[Illustration: PLATE 62 + +VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 63 + +VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 64 + +VALENCIA: PORTAL OF THE PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 65 + +VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUES DE RIPALDA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 66 + +GENERAL VIEW OF GRAO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 67 + +GRAO HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 68 + +GRAO HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 69 + +GRAO HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 70 + +CAMINO DEL GRAO: HERMITAGE OF AVE MARIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 71 + +VALENCIA: A “TARTANA,” OR CHAR-À-BANC] + +[Illustration: PLATE 72 + +VALENCIA: PEASANTS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 73 + +VALENCIA: PEASANTS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 74 + +VALENCIA: PEASANTS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 75 + +VALENCIA: TYPES OF WOMEN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 76 + +VALENCIA: TRIBUNAL DES EAUX] + +[Illustration: PLATE 77 + +VALENCIA: BARBERS ON THE BRIDGE OF SERRANOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 78 + +VALENCIA: ZIGZAG OF THE CABRILLAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 79 + +ENVIRONS OF VALENCIA: A ROAD IN CABAÑAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 80 + +ENVIRONS OF VALENCIA: A ROAD IN CABAÑAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 81 + +VALENCIA: THE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 82 + +VALENCIA: THE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 83 + +MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 84 + +MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 85 + +MURVIEDRO: VIEW FROM THE STATION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 86 + +MURVIEDRO: VIEW FROM THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 87 + +MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE AND TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 88 + +MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 89 + +MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE FROM ONE OF THE COURTS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 90 + +MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 91 + +MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 92 + +MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 93 + +MURVIEDRO: THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 94 + +MURVIEDRO: INTERIOR OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 95 + +MURVIEDRO: PRINCIPAL GATE OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 96 + +MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 97 + +MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 98 + +JATIVA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 99 + +JATIVA: VIEW FROM THE STATION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 100 + +JATIVA: THE CIVIL HOSPITAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 101 + +ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 102 + +ALICANTE: THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 103 + +ALICANTE: VIEW FROM THE CASTLE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 104 + +ALICANTE: THE BREAKWATER] + +[Illustration: PLATE 105 + +ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 106 + +ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 107 + +ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 108 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 109 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 110 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 111 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 112 + +ALICANTE: PASEO DE NUÑEZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 113 + +ALICANTE: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 114 + +ALICANTE: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 115 + +ALICANTE: MONUMENT TO QUIJANO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 116 + +ALICANTE: THE BULL-RING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 117 + +ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 118 + +ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 119 + +ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 120 + +ELCHE: VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 121 + +ELCHE: PLAZA MAYOR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 122 + +ELCHE: VIEW FROM THE STATION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 123 + +ELCHE: THE ROAD TO ALICANTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 124 + +ELCHE: THE ROAD FROM ALICANTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 125 + +ELCHE: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 126 + +ELCHE: CHURCH OF SAN JUAN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 127 + +ELCHE: BRIDGE OVER THE RAMBLA DE ELCHE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 128 + +ELCHE: VIEW FROM THE RAILWAY BRIDGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 129 + +ELCHE: THE CANAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 130 + +ELCHE: WASHING LINEN IN THE CANAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 131 + +ELCHE: A CANAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 132 + +ELCHE: TOWER OF RAPSAMBLANC, BELONGING TO THE CONDE DE LUNA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 133 + +ELCHE: CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA, NOW A PRISON] + +[Illustration: PLATE 134 + +ELCHE: MILL AND CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 135 + +ELCHE: CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 136 + +ELCHE: CASTLE AND MILL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 137 + +ELCHE: PALMS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 138 + +ELCHE: COUNTRY SPINNERS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 139 + +ELCHE: CASA DE LA HUERTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 140 + +ELCHE: A COUNTRY ROAD] + +[Illustration: PLATE 141 + +ELCHE: A COUNTRY HOUSE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 142 + +ELCHE: A COUNTRY HOUSE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 143 + +ELCHE: A FAMOUS PALM] + +[Illustration: PLATE 144 + +ELCHE: A PALM CELEBRATED FOR ITS RESEMBLANCE TO A COLUMN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 145 + +ELCHE: PALM GROVES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 146 + +ELCHE: A ROAD] + +[Illustration: PLATE 147 + +SAX: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 148 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 149 + +MURCIA: VIEW FROM THE TOWER OF THE CATHEDRAL, TOWARDS THE SOUTH] + +[Illustration: PLATE 150 + +MURCIA: VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 151 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 152 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 153 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 154 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 155 + +MURCIA: THE BRIDGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 156 + +MURCIA: THE RIVER] + +[Illustration: PLATE 157 + +MURCIA: THE BRIDGE OVER THE SEGURA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 158 + +MURCIA: THE RIVER SEGURA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 159 + +MURCIA: THE FAIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 160 + +MURCIA: THE FAIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 161 + +MURCIA: THE MARKET-PLACE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 162 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTO DOMINGO ON MARKET-DAY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 163 + +MURCIA: PASEO DEL MALECON] + +[Illustration: PLATE 164 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTA CATALINA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 165 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE TOROS, NOW PLAZA DE SAN AUGUSTIN] + +[Illustration: PLATE 166 + +MURCIA: PASEO DEL ARENAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 167 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE SAN PEDRO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 168 + +MURCIA: PASEO DE FLORIDABLANCA AND PALACE OF THE EXHIBITION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 169 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTA ISABELLA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 170 + +MURCIA: CALLE DEL PUENTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 171 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE LA GLORIÉTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 172 + +MURCIA: PLAZA DE LA GLORIÉTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 173 + +MURCIA: THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 174 + +MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 175 + +MURCIA: PRINCIPAL FAÇADE OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 176 + +MURCIA: TOWER OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 177 + +MURCIA: SIDE DOOR OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 178 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: GATE OF THE APOSTLES] + +[Illustration: PLATE 179 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 180 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE FAÇADE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 181 + +MURCIA: DETAIL OF THE CATHEDRAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 182 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: WINDOW OF THE BELFRY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 183 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: PRINCIPAL NAVE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 184 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: LATERAL NAVE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 185 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: BEHIND THE CHOIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 186 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: ENTRANCE TO THE CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 187 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 188 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE HIGH ALTAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 189 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE HIGH ALTAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 190 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CHOIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 191 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE BISHOP’S THRONE, IN THE CHOIR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 192 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE CHOIR STALLS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 193 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE CHOIR STALLS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 194 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE SACRISTY] + +[Illustration: PLATE 195 + +MURCIA CATHEDRAL: TOMB OF ALFONSO THE WISE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 196 + +MURCIA: CHURCH OF SANTO DOMINGO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 197 + +MURCIA: CHURCH OF SANTO DOMINGO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 198 + +MURCIA: CHURCH OF SAN BARTOLOMÉ] + +[Illustration: PLATE 199 + +MURCIA: FAÇADE OF THE CONVENT DE LA MISERICORDIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 200 + +MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE VILLAFRANCA DE LOS VELEZ AND CONVENT OF +SANTA CLARA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 201 + +MURCIA: THE EPISCOPAL PALACE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 202 + +MURCIA: CASA HUERTA DE LAS BOMBAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 203 + +MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ALMODOVAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 204 + +MURCIA: PALACE OF THE BARON DE ALBALA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 205 + +MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ESPINARDO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 206 + +MURCIA: THE “CONTRASTE”] + +[Illustration: PLATE 207 + +MURCIA: MONUMENT TO SALZILLO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 208 + +MURCIA: ROMAN ALTAR DEDICATED TO PEACE, FOUND IN CARTHAGENA AND MOVED IN +1594 TO THE PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ESPINARDO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 209 + +MURCIA: HOUSE IN THE CALLE JABONERIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 210 + +MURCIA: HOUSE OF THE PAINTER VILLASIS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 211 + +MURCIA: A BALCONY IN THE CALLE TRAPERIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 212 + +MURCIA: PUERTA CADENAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 213 + +MURCIA: TEATRO DE ROMEA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 214 + +MURCIA: THE BULL RING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 215 + +MURCIA: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 216 + +MURCIA: THE TOWN HALL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 217 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION LEAVING THE CHURCH OF JESUS IN HOLY WEEK ST. +VERONICA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 218 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION LEAVING THE CHURCH OF JESUS IN HOLY WEEK + +THE KISS OF JUDAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 219 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. THE GARDEN OF GETHSEMANE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 220 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. OUR LORD FALLING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 221 + +MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. THE SCOURGING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 222 + +MURCIA: CHURCH OF JESUS THE LAST SUPPER, BY ZARZILLO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 223 + +MURCIA: PILGRIMAGE OF ST. BLAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 224 + +MURCIA: RUINS OF THE ARAB BATHS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 225 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: CONVENT OF SAN JERONIMO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 226 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 227 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 228 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 229 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: CASTLE OF MONTEAGUDO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 230 + +MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 231 + +MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 232 + +MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 233 + +MURCIA: A CART LOADED WITH “TINAJAS”] + +[Illustration: PLATE 234 + +MURCIA: HARVEST-TIME] + +[Illustration: PLATE 235 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 236 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 237 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: VIEW FROM THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 238 + +ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS, DATE-GATHERING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 239 + +ORIHUELA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 240 + +ORIHUELA: GENERAL VIEW FROM THE PUERTA DE MURCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 241 + +ORIHUELA: THE RIVER SEGURA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 242 + +ORIHUELA: THE RIVER SEGURA FROM THE EAST] + +[Illustration: PLATE 243 + +ORIHUELA: DOOR OF THE CHURCH OF SANTIAGO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 244 + +CARTHAGENA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 245 + +CARTHAGENA: A PARTIAL VIEW.] + +[Illustration: PLATE 246 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE STATION] + +[Illustration: PLATE 247 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE HIGH ROAD] + +[Illustration: PLATE 248 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM QUITAPELLIJOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 249 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF ATALAYA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 250 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF ATALAYA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 251 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM ST. JOSEPH’S MILL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 252 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM ST. JOSEPH’S MILL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 253 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF GALERA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 254 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF GALERA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 255 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW OF THE HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 256 + +CARTHAGENA: SANTA LUCIA AND THE HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 257 + +CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM SANTA LUCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 258 + +CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM SANTA LUCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 259 + +CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM THE POWDER MAGAZINE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 260 + +CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM TRINCABATIJOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 261 + +CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE ESPLANADERO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 262 + +CARTHAGENA: THE ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR FROM TRINCABATIJOS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 263 + +CARTHAGENA: THE BREAKWATER] + +[Illustration: PLATE 264 + +CARTHAGENA: ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 265 + +CARTHAGENA: ENTRANCE TO THE ARSENAL] + +[Illustration: PLATE 266 + +CARTHAGENA: PUERTA DEL MAR] + +[Illustration: PLATE 267 + +CARTHAGENA: PUERTA DE MURCIA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 268 + +CARTHAGENA: PLAZA DE LAS MONJAS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 269 + +CARTHAGENA: THE MARINE COLLEGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 270 + +CARTHAGENA: THE BULL-RING] + +[Illustration: PLATE 271 + +ARCHENA: THE BATHS, FROM LA SIERRA DE VERDELENA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 272 + +ARCHENA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE BATHS FROM THE WEST] + +[Illustration: PLATE 273 + +ARCHENA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE BATHS AT THE ENTRANCE TO THE VILLAGE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 274 + +ARCHENA: ENTRANCE TO THE BATHS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 275 + +ARCHENA: THE CARRETERA AND RIVER SEGURA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 276 + +ARCHENA: VIEW OF THE CHURCH] + +[Illustration: PLATE 277 + +ARCHENA: INTERIOR OF THE CHURCH] + +[Illustration: PLATE 278 + +ARCHENA: THE CHURCH: ALTAR OF THE “VIRGEN DE LA SALUD”] + +[Illustration: PLATE 279 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF VILLANUEVA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 280 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF BLANCA FROM THE SALTO DEL PALOMO] + +[Illustration: PLATE 281 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF BLANCA FROM BUJAMENTE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 282 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE AND GARDENS OF ULEA FROM VILLANUEVA] + +[Illustration: PLATE 283 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE AND GARDENS OF ULEA, EAST SIDE] + +[Illustration: PLATE 284 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE OF OJOS AND MOUNTAINS] + +[Illustration: PLATE 285 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: THE GARDENS OF OJOS, FROM THE LOVERS’ LEAP] + +[Illustration: PLATE 286 + +ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: THE LOVERS’ LEAP] + +[Illustration: PLATE 287 + +LORCA: GENERAL VIEW] + +[Illustration: PLATE 288 + +LORCA: VIEW FROM THE RAILWAY STATION] + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Valencia and Murcia, by Albert F. 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Calvert. +</title> +<style type="text/css"> + +a:link {background-color:#ffffff;color:blue;text-decoration:none;} + + link {background-color:#ffffff;color:blue;text-decoration:none;} + +a:visited {background-color:#ffffff;color:purple;text-decoration:none;} + +a:hover {background-color:#ffffff;color:#FF0000;text-decoration:underline;} + +big {font-size: 130%;} + +body{margin-left:4%;margin-right:6%;background:#ffffff;color:black;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif;font-size:medium;} + +.bbox {border:solid 2px black;margin:2em auto; +max-width:20em;padding:1em;} + +.c {text-align:center;text-indent:0%;} + +.caption {font-weight:normal;font-size:100%;text-align:center;text-indent:0%;} + +.caption1 {font-weight:normal;font-size:100%;text-align:center;text-indent:0%; +font-variant:small-caps;} + +.cb {text-align:center;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;} + +.figcenter {margin:3% auto 3% auto;clear:both; +text-align:center;text-indent:0%;} + + h1 {margin-top:5%;text-align:center;clear:both; +font-weight:normal;} + + h2 {margin-top:4%;margin-bottom:2%;text-align:center;clear:both; + font-size:105%;font-weight:normal;} + + hr {width:90%;margin:2em auto 2em auto;clear:both;color:black;} + + hr.full {width: 60%;margin:2% auto 2% auto;border-top:1px solid black; +padding:.1em;border-bottom:1px solid black;border-left:none;border-right:none;} + + img {border:none;} + +.nind {text-indent:0%;} + +.nonvis {display:inline;} + @media print, handheld + {.nonvis + {display: none;} + } + + p {margin-top:.2em;text-align:justify;margin-bottom:.2em;text-indent:4%;} + +.pagenum {font-style:normal;position:absolute; +left:95%;font-size:55%;text-align:right;color:gray; +background-color:#ffffff;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-indent:0em;} +@media print, handheld +{.pagenum + {display: none;} + } + +.rt {text-align:right;} + +small {font-size: 70%;} + +.smcap {font-variant:small-caps;font-size:100%;} + +table {margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:2%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border:none;} + +td {padding-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;} + +th {padding-top:2em;padding-bottom:1em;} + +div.pote {text-align:center;} +div.potem {font-size:100%;margin:auto auto;text-indent:0%; +display: inline-block; text-align: left;} +.stot {margin-top: .5em;margin-bottom:5em;} +</style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Valencia and Murcia, by Albert F. Calvert + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license + + +Title: Valencia and Murcia + +Author: Albert F. Calvert + +Release Date: September 6, 2020 [EBook #63136] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VALENCIA AND MURCIA *** + + + + +Produced by Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images available at The Internet Archive) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="figcenter"> +<a href="images/cover.jpg"> +<img src="images/cover.jpg" +height="550" alt="[Image of +the book's cover unavailable.]" /></a> +</p> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="" +style="border: 2px black solid;margin:auto auto;max-width:50%; +padding:1%;"> +<tr><td> + +<p class="c"><a href="#CONTENTS">Contents.</a></p> + +<p class="c"><a href="#LIST_OF_ILLUSTRATIONS">List of Illustrations</a><br /> <span class="nonvis">(In certain versions of this etext [in certain browsers] +clicking on the image will bring up a larger version.)</span></p> + +<p class="c">(etext transcriber's note: No misspellings of Spanish words +have been corrected.)</p></td></tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_i" id="page_i">{i}</a></span> </p> + +<p class="c">THE SPANISH SERIES</p> + +<p class="c"><big>VALENCIA AND MURCIA</big></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_ii" id="page_ii">{ii}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="bbox"> +<p class="c">THE SPANISH SERIES<br /><br /> +<i>EDITED BY<br /> +ALBERT F. CALVERT</i></p> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> + +<tr><td style="padding:0%;" class="nind"> +<span class="smcap">Goya</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Toledo</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Madrid</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Seville</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Murillo</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Cordova</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">El Greco</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Velazquez</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Cervantes</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">The Prado</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">The Escorial</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Royal Palaces of Spain</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Spanish Arms and Armour</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Granada and the Alhambra</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Leon, Burgos, and Salamanca</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">Valladolid, Oviedo, Segovia, Zamora, Avila, and Zaragoza</span><br /> +</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_iii" id="page_iii">{iii}</a></span> </p> + +<h1>VALENCIA<br /> +AND MURCIA</h1> + +<div class="pote"><div class="potem"> +<div class="stot"><b> +A GLANCE AT AFRICAN SPAIN<br /> +BY A. F. CALVERT <img src="images/flwrs.png" +width="100" +alt="" +/><br /> + +WITH 288 PLATES <img src="images/flwrs.png" +width="100" +alt="" +/><br /></b> +</div> +</div> +</div> + +<p class="cb"> +LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD<br /> +NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY: MCMXI<br /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_iv" id="page_iv">{iv}</a></span> + +<br /><br /><br /> +<small>THE BALLANTYNE PRESS TAVISTOCK STREET COVENT GARDEN LONDON<br /></small> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_v" id="page_v">{v}</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS"></a>CONTENTS</h2> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> + +<tr><td> </td><td><small>PAGE</small></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#THE_OLD_KINGDOM_OF_VALENCIA">THE OLD KINGDOM OF VALENCIA</a></td><td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_1">1</a></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#SAGUNTUM_AND_CASTELLON">SAGUNTUM AND CASTELLON</a></td><td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_26">26</a></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#THE_KINGDOM_OF_MURCIA">THE KINGDOM OF MURCIA</a></td><td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_33">33</a></td></tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_vi" id="page_vi">{vi}</a></span> </p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_vii" id="page_vii">{vii}</a></span> </p> + +<h2><a name="LIST_OF_ILLUSTRATIONS" id="LIST_OF_ILLUSTRATIONS"></a>LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS</h2> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="" +style="margin:1em auto;max-width:85%;"> + +<tr><th colspan="2">VALENCIA</th></tr> + +<tr><td class="c"><small>TITLE</small></td> +<td class="rt"><small>PLATE</small></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_001">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_001">1</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_002">General View, looking South</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_002">2</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_003">View from the Puente del Mar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_003">3</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_004">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_004">4</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_005">View from the Puente del Mar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_005">5</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_006">Entrance to the Town by the Puerta de Santa Lucia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_006">6</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_007">The Fair at the Puerta de Santa Lucia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_007">7</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_008">Puerta de Serranos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_008">8</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_009">Puerta de Cuarte</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_009">9</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_010">The Market-Place</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_010">10</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_011">The Puente Real</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_011">11</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_012">Paseo de la Glorieta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_012">12</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_013">Paseo de la Glorieta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_013">13</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_014">Paseo de la Alameda</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_014">14</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_015">Fountain of the Alameda</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_015">15</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_016">Plaza de la Aduana</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_016">16</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_017">Plaza de Santo Domingo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_017">17</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_018">Plaza de San Francisco</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_018">18</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_019">Plaza de Tétuan</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_019">19</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_020">Plaza de la Constitucion</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_020">20</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_021">Calle de la Bajada de San Francisco</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_021">21</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_022">Calle de San Vicente</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_022">22</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_023">Tros Alt</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_023">23</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_024">Calle de la Bolseria y Tros Alt</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_024">24</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_025">General View of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_025">25</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_026">The Cathedral: Gate of the Apostles</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_026">26</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_027">The Cathedral: Puerta del Palau</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_027">27</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_028">The Cathedral: A Door</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_028">28</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_029">The Temple</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_029">29</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_030">The Miguelete</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_030">30</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_031">Church of Santa Catalina</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_031">31</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_032">Church of Santa Catalina</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_032">32</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_033">Church of Los Santos Juanes</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_033">33</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_034">Façade of San Miguel el Real</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_034">34</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_035">Church of Santa Cruz</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_035">35</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_036">Church of Santa Cruz</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_036">36</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_037">Entrance to the Church of San Andrés</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_037">37</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_038">The Campo-Santo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_038">38</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_039">The Campo-Santo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_039">39</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_040">The Campo-Santo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_040">40</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_041">The Audiencia, old Palace of the Cortes</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_041">41</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_042">Royal Hall in the Audiencia, upper part</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_042">42</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_043">Royal Hall in the Audiencia, lower part</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_043">43</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_044">Interior Door of the Audiencia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_044">44</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_045">The Exchange</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_045">45</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_046">The Exchange: Detail of the Gallery</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_046">46</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_047">Interior of the Exchange</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_047">47</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_048">Interior Door of the Exchange</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_048">48</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_049">Colegio del Patriarca</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_049">49</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_050">Courtyard in the Colegio del Patriarca</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_050">50</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_051">Courtyard of the University</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_051">51</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_052">Entrance to the Civil Hospital</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_052">52</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_053">Gate of Mosen S’Orrell</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_053">53</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_054">The Custom-House</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_054">54</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_055">The Archbishop’s Palace</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_055">55</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_056">The Bull-Ring</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_056">56</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_057">Tobacco Factory</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_057">57</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_058">A Private House</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_058">58</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_059">Statue of King Jaime</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_059">59</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_060">Statue of Ribera</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_060">60</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_061">Statue of St Christopher</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_061">61</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_062">Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_062">62</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_063">Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_063">63</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_064">Portal of the Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_064">64</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_065">Palace of the Marqués de Ripalda</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_065">65</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_066">General View of Grao</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_066">66</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_067">Grao Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_067">67</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_068">Grao Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_068">68</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_069">Grao Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_069">69</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_070">Camino del Grao: Hermitage of Ave Maria</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_070">70</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_071">A “Tartana,” or Char-à-banc</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_071">71</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_072">Peasants</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_072">72</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_073">Peasants</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_073">73</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_074">Peasants</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_074">74</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_075">Types of Women</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_075">75</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_076">“Tribunal des Eaux”</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_076">76</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_077">Barbers on the Bridge of Serranos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_077">77</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_078">Zigzag of the Cabrillas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_078">78</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_079">A Road in Cabañal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_079">79</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_080">A Road in Cabañal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_080">80</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_081">The Shores of the Mediterranean</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_081">81</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_082">The Shores of the Mediterranean</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_082">82</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">MURVIEDRO</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_083">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_083">83</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_084">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_084">84</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_085">View from the Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_085">85</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_086">View from the Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_086">86</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_087">The Castle and Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_087">87</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_088">The Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_088">88</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_089">The Castle from one of the Courts</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_089">89</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_090">Entrance to the Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_090">90</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_091">General View of the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_091">91</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_092">General View of the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_092">92</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_093">The Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_093">93</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_094">Interior of the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_094">94</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_095">Principal Gate of the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_095">95</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_096">Entrance to the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_096">96</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_097">Entrance to the Roman Amphitheatre</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_097">97</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">JATIVA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_098">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_098">98</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_099">View from the Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_099">99</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_100">The Civil Hospital</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_100">100</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">ALICANTE</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_101">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_101">101</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_102">The Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_102">102</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_103">View from the Castle</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_103">103</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_104">The Breakwater</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_104">104</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_105">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_105">105</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_106">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_106">106</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_107">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_107">107</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_108">Paseo de los Martires</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_108">108</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_109">Paseo de los Martires</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_109">109</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_110">Paseo de los Martires</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_110">110</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_111">Paseo de los Martires</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_111">111</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_112">Paseo de Nuñez</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_112">112</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_113">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_113">113</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_114">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_114">114</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_115">Monument to Quijano</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_115">115</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_116">The Bull-Ring</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_116">116</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">ELCHE</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_117">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_117">117</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_118">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_118">118</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_119">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_119">119</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_120">View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_120">120</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_121">Plaza Mayor</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_121">121</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_122">View from the Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_122">122</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_123">The Road to Alicante</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_123">123</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_124">The Road from Alicante</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_124">124</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_125">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_125">125</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_126">Church of San Juan</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_126">126</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_127">Bridge over the Rambla de Elche</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_127">127</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_128">View from the Railway Bridge</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_128">128</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_129">The Canal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_129">129</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_130">Washing Linen in the Canal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_130">130</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_131">A Canal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_131">131</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_132">Tower of Rapsamblanc, belonging to the Conde de Luna</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_132">132</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_133">Castle of the Duque de Altamira, now a Prison</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_133">133</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_134">Mill and Castle of the Duque de Altamira</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_134">134</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_135">Castle of the Duque de Altamira</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_135">135</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_136">Castle and Mill</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_136">136</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_137">Palms</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_137">137</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_138">Country Spinners</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_138">138</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_139">Casa de la Huerta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_139">139</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_140">A Country Road</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_140">140</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_141">A Country House</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_141">141</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_142">A Country House</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_142">142</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_143">A Famous Palm</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_143">143</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_144">A Palm celebrated for its Resemblance to a Column</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_144">144</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_145">Palm Groves</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_145">145</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_146">A Road</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_146">146</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">SAX</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_147">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_147">147</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">MURCIA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_148">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_148">148</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_149">View from the Tower of the Cathedral, towards the South</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_149">149</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_150">View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_150">150</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_151">General View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_151">151</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_152">General View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_152">152</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_153">General View of the Town</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_153">153</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_154">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_154">154</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_155">The Bridge</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_155">155</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_156">The River</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_156">156</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_157">The Bridge over the Segura</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_157">157</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_158">The River Segura</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_158">158</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_159">The Fair</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_159">159</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_160">The Fair</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_160">160</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_161">The Market-Place</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_161">161</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_162">Plaza de Santo Domingo on Market-Day</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_162">162</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_163">Paseo del Malecon</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_163">163</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_164">Plaza de Santa Catalina</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_164">164</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_165">Plaza de Toros, now Plaza de San Agustin</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_165">165</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_166">Paseo del Arenal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_166">166</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_167">Plaza de San Pedro</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_167">167</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_168">Paseo de Floridablanca and Palace of the Exhibition</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_168">168</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_169">Plaza de Santa Isabella</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_169">169</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_170">Calle del Puente</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_170">170</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_171">Plaza de la Gloriéta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_171">171</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_172">Plaza de la Gloriéta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_172">172</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_173">The Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_173">173</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_174">General View of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_174">174</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_175">Principal Façade of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_175">175</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_176">Tower of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_176">176</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_177">Side Door of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_177">177</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_178">The Cathedral: Gate of the Apostles</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_178">178</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_179">The Cathedral: Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_179">179</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_180">The Cathedral: Detail of the Façade</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_180">180</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_181">Detail of the Cathedral</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_181">181</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_182">The Cathedral: Window of the Belfry</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_182">182</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_183">The Cathedral: Principal Nave</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_183">183</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_184">The Cathedral: Lateral Nave</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_184">184</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_185">The Cathedral: Behind the Choir</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_185">185</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_186">The Cathedral: Entrance to the Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_186">186</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_187">The Cathedral: Chapel of the Marqués de los Velez</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_187">187</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_188">The Cathedral: The High Altar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_188">188</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_189">The Cathedral: The High Altar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_189">189</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_190">The Cathedral: General View of the Choir</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_190">190</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_191">The Cathedral: The Bishop’s Throne, in the Choir</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_191">191</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_192">The Cathedral: Detail of the Choir Stalls</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_192">192</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_193">The Cathedral: Detail of the Choir Stalls</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_193">193</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_194">The Cathedral: The Sacristy</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_194">194</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_195">The Cathedral: Tomb of Alfonso the Wise</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_195">195</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_196">Church of Santo Domingo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_196">196</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_197">Church of Santo Domingo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_197">197</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_198">Church of San Bartolomé</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_198">198</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_199">Façade of the Convent de la Misericordia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_199">199</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_200">Palace of the Marqués de Villafranca de los Velez, and Convent of Santa Clara</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_200">200</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_201">The Episcopal Palace</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_201">201</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_202">Casa Huerta de las Bombas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_202">202</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_203">Palace of the Marqués de Almodovar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_203">203</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_204">Palace of the Baron de Albalá</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_204">204</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_205">Palace of the Marqués de Espinardo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_205">205</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_206">The “Contraste”</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_206">206</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_207">Monument to Salzillo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_207">207</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_208">Roman Altar dedicated to Peace, found in Carthagena and moved in 1594 to the Palace of the Marqués de Espinardo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_208">208</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_209">House in the Calle Jaboneria</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_209">209</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_210">House of the Painter Villasis</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_210">210</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_211">A Balcony in the Calle Traperia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_211">211</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_212">Puerta Cadenas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_212">212</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_213">Teatro de Romea</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_213">213</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_214">The Bull-Ring</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_214">214</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_215">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_215">215</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_216">The Town Hall</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_216">216</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_217">Procession leaving the Church of Jesus in Holy Week—St. Veronica</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_217">217</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_218">Procession leaving the Church of Jesus in Holy Week—Th Kiss of Judas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_218">218</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_219">Procession in Holy Week. The Garden of Gethsemane</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_219">219</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_220">Procession in Holy Week. Our Lord Falling</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_220">220</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_221">Procession in Holy Week. The Scourging</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_221">221</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_222">Church of Jesus. The Last Supper, by Zarzillo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_222">222</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_223">Pilgrimage of St. Blas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_223">223</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_224">Ruins of the Arab Baths</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_224">224</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_225">Environs of Murcia: Convent of San Jeronimo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_225">225</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_226">Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_226">226</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_227">Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_227">227</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_228">Environs of Murcia: Hermitage of the Fuensanta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_228">228</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_229">Environs of Murcia: Castle of Monteagudo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_229">229</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_230">Paisaje de la Huerta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_230">230</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_231">Paisaje de la Huerta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_231">231</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_232">Paisaje de la Huerta</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_232">232</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_233">A Cart Loaded with “Tinajas”</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_233">233</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_234">Harvest-Time</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_234">234</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_235">Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_235">235</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_236">Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_236">236</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_237">Environs of Murcia: View from the Huerta des Capucins</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_237">237</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_238">Environs of Murcia: The Huerta des Capucins—Date-Gathering</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_238">238</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">ORIHUELA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_239">General View</a></td><td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_239">239</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_240">General View from the Puerta de Murcia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_240">240</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_241">The River Segura</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_241">241</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_242">The River Segura from the East</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_242">242</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_243">Door of the Church of Santiago</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_243">243</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">CARTHAGENA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_244">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_244">244</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_245">A Partial View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_245">245</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_246">View from the Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_246">246</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_247">View from the High Road</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_247">247</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_248">View from Quitapellijos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_248">248</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_249">View from the Fort of Atalaya</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_249">249</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_250">View from the Fort of Atalaya</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_250">250</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_251">View from St. Joseph’s Mill</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_251">251</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_252">View from St. Joseph’s Mill</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_252">252</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_253">View from the Fort of Galera</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_253">253</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_254">View from the Fort of Galera</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_254">254</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_255">View of the Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_255">255</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_256">Santa Lucia and the Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_256">256</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_257">The Harbour from Santa Lucia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_257">257</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_258">The Harbour from Santa Lucia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_258">258</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_259">The Harbour from the Powder Magazine</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_259">259</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_260">The Harbour from Trincabatijos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_260">260</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_261">View from the Esplanadero</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_261">261</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_262">The Entrance to the Harbour from Trincabatijos</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_262">262</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_263">The Breakwater</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_263">263</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_264">Entrance to the Harbour</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_264">264</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_265">Entrance to the Arsenal</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_265">265</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_266">Puerta del Mar</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_266">266</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_267">Puerta de Murcia</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_267">267</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_268">Plaza de las Monjas</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_268">268</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_269">The Marine College</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_269">269</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_270">The Bull-Ring</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_270">270</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">ARCHENA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_271">The Baths, from La Sierra de Verdelena</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_271">271</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_272">General View of the Baths from the West</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_272">272</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_273">General View of the Baths at the Entrance to the Village</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_273">273</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_274">Entrance to the Baths</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_274">274</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_275">The Carretera and River Segura</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_275">275</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_276">View of the Church</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_276">276</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_277">Interior of the Church</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_277">277</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_278">The Church: Altar of the “Virgen de la Salud”</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_278">278</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_279">Environs of Archena: View of Villanueva</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_279">279</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_280">Environs of Archena: View of Blanca from the Salto del Palomo</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_280">280</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_281">Environs of Archena: View of Blanca from Bujamente</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_281">281</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_282">Environs of Archena: Village and Gardens of Ulea from Villanueva</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_282">282</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_283">Environs of Archena: Village and Gardens of Ulea, East Side</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_283">283</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_284">Environs of Archena: Village of Ojos and Mountains</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_284">284</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_285">Environs of Archena: The Gardens of Ojos, from the Lovers’ Leap</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_285">285</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_286">Environs of Archena: The Lovers’ Leap</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_286">286</a></td></tr> + +<tr><th colspan="2">LORCA</th></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_287">General View</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_287">287</a></td></tr> + +<tr><td valign="top"><a href="#plt_288">View from the Railway Station</a></td> +<td class="rt" valign="bottom"><a href="#plt_288">288</a></td></tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_1" id="page_1">{1}</a></span> </p> + +<h1>VALENCIA & MURCIA</h1> + +<h2><a name="THE_OLD_KINGDOM_OF_VALENCIA" id="THE_OLD_KINGDOM_OF_VALENCIA"></a>THE OLD KINGDOM OF VALENCIA</h2> + +<p class="nind"><span class="smcap">Shut</span> in between the barren range of the Sierra Molina on the north, and +the arid plains of Murcia to the south, the ancient Kingdom of Valencia +is one of the regions of Spain least visited by the tourist. And yet, a +flowering and fruitful Eden, it lies beneath a burning sun, its waters +trained in obedience to the hand of man. It puts forth a vegetation of +tropical luxuriance. Demeter has blessed the land. Under the soft +caressing winds that sweep up from the Mediterranean the soil yields +four or five crops in the year to the industry of the peasant. And if at +times the dreaded sirocco, charged with poisonous vapours from the +Albufera, lays the country prostrate—well, for every Paradise was +devised a snake!</p> + +<p>The people of the province, with the exception of those of Orihuela, +speak that variety of the Romance which I may call Catalan, and which, +with local modification, is common all along the eastern coast of Spain +from the mouth of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_2" id="page_2">{2}</a></span> Segura to the frontier of Rousillon. Limousin, as +it is sometimes called, is not a mere dialect, but a quite distinct +language, a survival of the old <i>Langue d’oc</i>. Probably it was spoken by +those Romanised Spaniards who were driven north of the Pyrenees by the +Arabic invasion. It would be restored by them when they reconquered this +portion of their old territory. The Christian population, before +Valencia was recovered by Jaime el Conqueridor of Aragon, spoke +Castilian or a tongue akin to it. But the Catalan of the new rulers was +stronger, and soon swept aside the common speech of the people. +Curiously enough, this same Catalan was not the language used in Aragon +itself, a fact which no doubt had a strong determining influence in the +choice of Castilian at the time of the unification of the two kingdoms. +Why Orihuela alone clung to its old Castilian tongue in despite of the +Conqueror is not clear, unless it was owing merely to the proximity of +Murcia.</p> + +<p>In character the Valencians are superstitious, revengeful, relentless in +hate. “Ni olvido ni perdono” is their motto. They love the colour and +joy of life. Dancing and love-making are their chief delights. And yet +they are a laborious race. But their white, rather flabby appearance +proclaims them lacking in backbone and initiative. “Flesh is grass, and +grass is water. The men<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_3" id="page_3">{3}</a></span> are women, the women—nothing!” says their own +proverb.</p> + +<p>The fertile huerta has found its novelist in Blasco Ibañez, a native of +Valencia, who has beautifully described the languid life of the +province. A translation must necessarily lack the force and elegance of +the master’s style, but the following passages will at least enable the +reader to picture a summer in the south:</p> + +<p>“When the vast plain awakes in the bluish light of dawn, the last of the +nightingales that have sung through the night breaks off abruptly in his +final trill, as though he had been stricken by the steely shaft of day. +Sparrows in whole coveys burst forth from the thatched roofs, and +beneath this aerial rabble preening their wings the trees shake and nod.</p> + +<p>“One by one the murmurs of the night subside; the trickling of the +water-courses, the sighing of the reeds, the barking of the watchful +dogs, other sounds belonging to the day, grow louder and fill the +huerta, the crow of the cock is heard from every farm, and the village +bells proclaim the call to prayer borne across from the towers of +Valencia, which are yet misty in the distance. From the farmyards arises +a discordant animal concert—the neighing of horses, the bellowing of +oxen, the clucking of hens, the bleating of lambs, the grunting of +swine—the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_4" id="page_4">{4}</a></span> sounds produced by beasts that scent the keen odour of +vegetation in the morning breeze and are hungry for the fields.</p> + +<p>“The sky is suffused with light, and with light life inundates the plain +and penetrates to the interior of human and animal abodes. Doors open +creaking. In the porches white figures appear, their hands clasped +behind their necks, scanning the horizon. From the stables issue towards +the city milch cows, herds of goats, manure-carts. Bells tinkle between +the dwarf trees bordering the high road, and every now and again is +heard the sharp “Arre, Aca” of the drivers.</p> + +<p>“On the thresholds of the cottages those bound for the town exchange +greetings with those who stay in the fields. ‘Bon dia nos done Deu!’ +[May God give us a good day!] ‘Bon Dia.’</p> + +<p>“Immense is the energy, the explosion of life at midsummer, the best +season of the year, the time of harvest and abundance. Space throbs with +light and heat. The African sun rains torrents of fire on the land +already crackled and wrinkled by its burning caresses, and its golden +beams pierce the dense foliage, beneath which are hidden the canals and +trenches to save them from the all-powerful vivifying heat.</p> + +<p>“The branches of the trees are heavy with fruit. They bend beneath the +weight of yellow<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_5" id="page_5">{5}</a></span> grapes covered with glazed leaves. Like the pink +cheeks of a child grow the apricots amid the verdure. Children greedily +eye the luxurious burden of the fig-trees. From the gardens is wafted +the scent of jasmin, and the magnolias dispense their incense in the +burning air, laden with the perfume of cereals.</p> + +<p>“The gleaming scythe has already sheared the land, levelling the golden +fields of wheat and the tall corn-stalks which bowed beneath their heavy +load of life. The hay forms yellow hills which reflect the colour of the +sun. The wheat is winnowed in a whirlwind of dust; in the naked fields +among the stubble sparrows hop from spot to spot in search of stray +gleanings. Everywhere are happiness and joyous labour. Waggons go +groaning down the road; children frolic in the fields and among the +sheaves, thinking of the wheaten cakes in prospect, and of the lazy +pleasant life which begins for the farmer when his barn is filled. Even +the old horses stride along more gaily, cheered by the smell of the +golden grain which will flow steadily into their mangers as the year +rolls on.</p> + +<p>“When the harvest has levelled the panorama and cleared the great +stretches of wheat sprinkled with poppies, the plain seems vast, almost +illimitable. Farther than the eye can reach stretch its great squares of +red soil, marked off by paths and<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_6" id="page_6">{6}</a></span> trenches. The Sunday’s rest is +rigorously observed over the whole countryside. Not a man is seen +toiling in the fields, not a beast at work on the road. Down the paths +pass old women with their mantillas drawn over their eyes, and their +little chairs hanging to their arms. In the distance resound, like the +tearing of linen, the shots fired at the swallows, which fly hither and +thither in circles. A noise seems to be produced by their wings ruffling +the crystal firmament. From the canals rises the murmur of clouds of +almost invisible flies. In a farm all painted blue, under an ancient +arbour, there is a whirlwind of gaily-coloured shawls and petticoats, +while the guitars with their drowsy rhythm and the strident cornets +accompany the measures of the Valencian ‘Jota.’</p> + +<p>“In the village the little plaza is thronged with the field-folk. The +men are in their shirt-sleeves with black sashes and gorgeous +handkerchiefs arranged mitre-like on their heads. The old men lean on +their big Liria sticks. The young men, with sleeves turned up, display +their red nervous arms and carry mere sprigs of ash between their huge +knotted fingers.</p> + +<p>“In the afternoon, towards the fountain along the road, bordered with +poplars which shake their silvered foliage, go groups of girls with +their pitchers on their heads. Their rhythmical move<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_7" id="page_7">{7}</a></span>ments and their +grace recall the Athenian Canephori. This procession to the well lends +to the huerta something of a Biblical character. The Fontana de la Reina +is the pride of the huerta, condemned to drink the water of wells, and +the red and dirty liquid of the canals. It is esteemed as an ancient and +valuable work. It has a square basin with walls of reddish stone. The +water is below the soil. You reach the bottom by means of six green and +slippery steps. Opposite the steps is a defaced bas-relief, probably a +Virgin attended by angels—no doubt an ex-voto of the time of the +Conquest. Laughter and chatter are not wanting round the well. The girls +cluster round, eager to fill their pitchers but in no hurry to depart. +They jostle each other on the steps, with their petticoats gathered in +between their legs, the better to lean forward and to plunge their +vessels into the basin. The surface of the water is unceasingly troubled +by the bubbles rising from the sandy bed, which is covered with weeds +waving in the current.”</p> + +<p>The exuberant natural life pictured in these passages is not altogether +due to the bounty of nature. The scorching sun would have brought death +instead of life to Valencia without the co-operation of man. The whole +province is a triumph of irrigation. The Moors were masters of hydraulic +science. They tapped the Jucar and<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_8" id="page_8">{8}</a></span> the Guadalaviar and drew their +waters through the Moncada and seven smaller but magnificent canals into +every corner of the land. This was the legacy they left behind when they +were so suicidally expelled. Their successors, as Mr. Richard Ford so +eloquently puts it, exercise “a magic control over water, wielding it at +their bidding”—presumably as Gilbert’s hero Ferdinando brandished the +turtle soup!</p> + +<p>Bequeathed also directly by the Moors, the Tribunal of the Waters is the +most interesting sight of Valencia. It is independent of all law; no +Government has ever touched it; it has no written records. The court +meets every Thursday morning at eleven o’clock at the Apostles’ Gate of +the Cathedral in the capital, to try all cases and disputes in regard to +the precious water that is the life-blood of the province. There are +seven judges, one for each canal, elected by the peasantry of the +districts, and each is known by the name of his canal—Mislata, Cuarte, +and so forth. They are grave, stoutly-built men, with tanned faces and +close-cropped hair. They wear black, the colour beloved by the +comfortably situated working man all the world over; but they have not +degenerated quite so far as to discard the native handkerchief round +their polished brows, or the espadrilla, the Valencian shoe.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_9" id="page_9">{9}</a></span></p> + +<p>Except that the turban has given place to the sombrero and the divan to +an ancient sofa, the proceedings of the tribunal are as patriarchal as +of old. In the plaza a crowd of litigants are collected, chattering, +gesticulating, arguing their wrongs according to the manner of their +kind all the world over. With an air of importance befitting the +occasion the Alguazil of the tribunal places the magisterial bench in +the shadow of the great Gothic portal. A light rail will keep the vulgar +at a distance. Then the peasant magistrates take their seats, and the +oldest pronounces the words, “Se abri el tribunal” (The tribunal is +open). A portentous silence falls, for any one who speaks before his +turn must pay a fine. One by one the litigants are introduced within the +railing and plead their cause bareheaded before the court. Woe to the +insolent wight that dare stand covered in its presence. The Alguazil +will tear the handkerchief from off his head, and he will also be +mulcted in a fine. Each must await the tapping of the presidential foot +before he ventures into the presence. But the severity of the discipline +does not suffice to make the fiery Valencians restrain their feelings. +At every moment there is an explosion of wrath or indignation, a heated +expostulation from one or other of the parties. The fines collected must +be a considerable sum. Out of their own wisdom the judges give their<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_10" id="page_10">{10}</a></span> +decisions, which are almost invariably received without discontent. The +Valencians are anxious to preserve their unique tribunal from criticism +and interference, for they know that in Spain, as in other countries, +royal justice is a costly matter.</p> + +<p>The history of Valencia for all practical purposes is that of its +capital and namesake. “Its name,” says Mr. Ford, “is fondly derived +from, or considered equivalent to, Roman, because Ρὡμη in Greek +signifies power, as Valencia does in Latin.” The principle is doubtless +excellent, but seems to be that of <i>lucus a non lucendo</i>.</p> + +<p>When the warriors of Viriathus surrendered to Rome on the death of their +chief, Valencia was granted to them by the Consul D. Junius Brutus. +Destroyed by Pompey, it became a <i>colonia</i> when rebuilt and the capital +of the Edetani. But the history of few Roman colonies, as it has reached +us, is of interest. The province had the usual martyrs under the +persecution of Diocletian and Decius, and was the place of banishment of +the zealot Ermengild. Proud of its haughty name, Valencia has yet +allowed itself to be taken and retaken oftener than any other city in +the world. In 413 it yielded to the Goths, and three hundred years later +with great nonchalance transferred its allegiance to the Moor. It formed +at one time part of the Khalifate; and again, one or more petty kingdoms +in itself.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_11" id="page_11">{11}</a></span></p> + +<p>Don Feodoro Lleorente speaks of “the slave kings” of Valencia. It is +certain that many of its rulers were slave adventurers from the palace +of the Khalifa, who, like the janizaries of Turkey had literally carved +their fortunes with their swords. One of these princes added the +Balearic Isles to his realms and unsuccessfully attempted the conquest +of Sardinia.</p> + +<p>The kingdom thus founded by military adventurers was overthrown by the +most famous of that warlike brood.</p> + +<p>The Moors had made the desert blossom like the rose. Wealth and +prosperity had been secured to the province. The Moslem paradise was +located here. Medinat-u-Tarab was its capital—the City of Mirth. The +greedy eyes of Christian neighbours were inevitably drawn to such a +region, and the break-up of the Ummeyah dynasty offered an excellent +opportunity for interference.</p> + +<p>Valencia was split up into factions, and the King or Amir Kadir was +merely the puppet of the two opposing parties, who alternately supported +him on his tottering throne. But the Moors were a proud race and felt +themselves dishonoured in yielding homage to so weak a ruler. Headed by +Ibn Jahhaf, the people rose in revolt. Kadir fled, but was detected +under his woman’s disguise, was taken and beheaded.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_12" id="page_12">{12}</a></span> That strange +anomaly a Mohammedan republic was formed. A council of the leaders was +constituted with Ibn Jahhaf as President.</p> + +<p>A people which arrogates the right to choose its ruler has ever been +considered a sort of pirate among the nations, and fair game for more +powerful States. Kadir, at the time of his deposition, had been under +the hardly disinterested protection of the Cid, who, under pretence of +avenging his <i>protégé’s</i> death, immediately advanced on Valencia. For +some time Ibn Jahhaf, who seems to have had some of the qualities of a +great general, amused the Campeador with negotiations, while he pushed +hastily forward preparations for defence. Discovering that he was being +played with, the Cid swept through the country and threw his army round +Valencia, which for twenty months made a stubborn resistance. The city +falling at length, Jahhaf, who had become a special object of hatred to +the Conqueror, was burnt alive in the plaza. Until his death in 1097, +the Cid ruled the kingdom as absolute lord and despot. The legend runs +that Ximena, his wife, defended the city for two years after her +husband’s death. And so great was the reputation and the terror of the +Campeador that she finally won a victory over the Mussulmans and carried +him to his last resting-place at Cardeña by the stratagem of placing his +corpse<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_13" id="page_13">{13}</a></span> fully armed upon his war-horse with his celebrated sword in his +hand.</p> + +<p>But for two centuries longer Valencia followed the law of the Prophet. +It was finally wrested from the yoke of Islam on the memorable 28th of +September 1238, when the standard of the victorious Jaime I. of Aragon +was hoisted over the tower of Ali Bufat, and the Crescent bowed before +the Cross. The conquest in the history of Aragon ranks with the taking +of Seville in the history of Castile. Granada was the joint conquest of +both kingdoms. The way in which the Moors in these old days surrendered +their whole kingdom to the Christians, sometimes after only one battle +had been fought, stands out in dark contrast with the tenacious +resistance offered by their descendants in Algeria in modern times. +Enervated by the climate of Spain the Mussulmans of that country were +absolutely incapable of maintaining a prolonged guerilla warfare. If a +fortified capital was taken they at once handed over the whole kingdom +to the conqueror. They were not of course peculiar in this respect. The +sentiments of nationality and physical courage are characteristic far +more of the modern than of the ancient world. We have only to compare +the resistance of the Anglo-Saxons to the Normans with that of the Boers +to the British, of the French in the Hundred Years War with that of +their<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_14" id="page_14">{14}</a></span> descendants in 1871, to realise how much more of manliness and +endurance we possess than did our ancestors. We must go back to the days +of Leonidas and Regulus to find parallels for the exploits of our own +Indian Army; to Numantia and Seguntum for parallels to Saragossa and +Gerona. National and individual self-respect withered under feudalism, +and revived only on the introduction of free institutions.</p> + +<p>The commerce and wealth of the country now fell into the hands of the +Jews, who came over in great numbers from Aragon. For a long time the +industrious people lived, hated it is true, but unmolested, in their own +quarter of the city. But one ill-fated day a band of children, urged on +probably by some fanatic, marched against the Jewry crying that they had +come to baptize the unbelieving dogs, and that the Archdeacon of Seville +was close upon their heels. In terror the wretched people retreated to +their homes, firmly barricading themselves. Some of the Christian +children got shut up in the quarter. Like wildfire the rumour spread +through the streets that the Jews were submitting them to untold +tortures behind their barred doors. The whole populace went mad with the +rage for blood, attacked the wholly unprepared Jews, and the most +horrible scenes of massacre ensued. This was in 1391. The prosperity of +Valencia suffered its first severe<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_15" id="page_15">{15}</a></span> blow with the barbarous expulsion of +the Moors at the command of Philip III. Another fell some time later +when, on account of its strenuous opposition to the French claim to the +Crown, Philip V. confiscated the liberties of the province and imposed +an enormous fine.</p> + +<p>But Valencia, though fallen from its old estate, is nevertheless to-day +a thriving prosperous province; its capital is handsome and progressive. +Busy life pulsates through the streets; the <i>cafés</i> are alive with the +hum of voices. There is little to recall the days of its allegiance to +the Prophet, and it has not retained more monuments of the past than +most other cities. From the sightseer’s point of view it is not +intensely interesting; from the stranger’s, even less convenient, since +indications of the names of the streets are few and far between. New and +splendid avenues are arising, which, in pleasant contrast to the dull +uniformity of most Continental town perspectives, contain houses +original and individual in style. You enter the town by one of two +massive castellated gates, which give a note of the mediæval picturesque +to their respective quarters. The fourteenth century Torres de Serranos +form a narrow archway flanked by two fine octagonal towers. Above, are +windows with elaborate panelling, and heavy machicolations crown the +whole building. The Torres de Cuartes, of a<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_16" id="page_16">{16}</a></span> century later, are very +similar, but the parapet is itself borne on corbels and machicolated. +Unfortunately the walls of the city have perished.</p> + +<p>The Cathedral, the Lonja, and the Picture Gallery exhaust the sights of +Valencia. The Cathedral was founded in 1262 on the ruins of the Great +Mosque, which in its turn had replaced the Temple of Diana. It is far +inferior to most of the great Spanish churches in beauty and interest. +Originally Gothic, it was considerably enlarged in the fifteenth +century, the height, however, being left unaltered. The principal +entrance, in the receding circular form, is an outrage, but the north +door, called the Puerta de los Apostoles, richly sculptured and +delicately moulded, exhibits the skill and industry of the fourteenth +century at its best.</p> + +<p>Above the semicircular Puerta de Palau is an interesting series of +medallions. These represent the heads of fourteen men and women. These +are the seven knights of the Conquest and the seven fair ladies they +sought in the surrounding provinces, from whom the whole Valencian +nobility is said to be sprung. This doorway is evidently by the same +hand as the Puerta de los Infantes at Lerida. But the most striking part +of the Cathedral is the imposing Miguelete Tower. Its sculpture is +indifferent, but seen from a distance the effect is fine. It is the +great landmark of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_17" id="page_17">{17}</a></span> district, and the Valencians speak of exile as +“losing sight of the Miguelete.”</p> + +<p>The plan of the Cathedral, like most Spanish churches, is cruciform. In +1760 the interior was modernised in a manner that makes the +beauty-loving traveller long to tear his hair—or that of the +perpetrator of the “restoration.” Over-decoration is its chief defect. +The walls have been encrusted with marbles, the Gothic columns almost +concealed by Corinthian pilasters, the pointed arches rounded off. The +church may merit its surname of “La Rica,” but it has lost that +atmosphere of remote beauty that calls forth the instincts of religion +in the worshipper. During the French occupation of 1809 the magnificent +silver altar was melted down, but fortunately its protecting door panels +were uninjured. These are painted with six pictures by Francisco Pagano +and Pablo de San Leocadio, disciples of Leonardo da Vinci, and ascribed +by some to the master himself. The spurs and bridle of Jaime el +Conqueridor, presented by him on the day he took the city to his Master +of the Horse, are preserved on one of the pillars on the Gospel side.</p> + +<p>The choir is for the most part modern, with plain and classical walnut +stalls. The rear portion, or <i>trascoro</i>, dates from the fifteenth +century, and is decorated with a fine series of Biblical<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_18" id="page_18">{18}</a></span> scenes in +alabaster. The chapels have little of interest, except the tomb of Tomás +de Villanueva, the holy Archbishop of Valencia, in the one dedicated to +him. Over the crossing rises the fine octagonal lantern, which was built +in 1404 and restored in 1731. It was once adorned by many trophies, +among them the flags taken from the Genoese by Ramon Corveran, a famous +sea-dog of Valencia. These, however, have long since vanished.</p> + +<p>After the Cathedral the Lonja de la Seda, or Silk Exchange, is the most +interesting sight of Valencia. Built in the Gothic style (though not of +the purest) it is one of the best specimens of civil architecture of the +Middle Ages that we have remaining. Its square tower, crenellated +chimneys, open galleries and high windows give an extremely fine effect. +The hall has spirally fluted pillars that branch out into graceful +clusters of palm-leaves. The ceiling is painted with stars and round the +walls runs the legend, “He only that shall not have deceived nor done +usury shall be worthy of eternal life,” which (let us hope) has guided +generations of merchants into the paths of commercial integrity. The +Audiencia, in good Renaissance style, is well worth a visit, where in +the Salon de Cortes the old provincial States assembled till the middle +of the eighteenth century. As a building the University is beautiful,<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_19" id="page_19">{19}</a></span> +if it is a little backward in thought. Here Fernando VII. raised the +noble sport of <i>Tauromachy</i>, or Bull-fighting, to the dignity of a +Faculty!</p> + +<p>The smaller churches are interesting enough, but not striking, and the +visitor will do well to prefer the almost deserted Picture Gallery. +Until the name of Velasquez dwarfed that of every other Spanish artist, +Valencia boasted a school of painting second to none in the country. +Ribalta, Juanes, Ribera, Espinosa, and Orrente all lived and loved and +painted in the old kingdom. The story of Ribalta is romantic. The son of +a ploughman, he deemed himself on the high road to fortune when he +entered a Valencian studio as a pupil. But alas! the black eyes and +pretty figure of his master’s daughter proved more alluring than canvas +virgins. Ribalta was dismissed the studio in disgrace. He wandered +towards Italy, the land of promise, and studied under the brothers +Carracci. Some years later he returned. His mistress was in possession +of the studio, her father having gone out. A wooden and lifeless Madonna +stood on an easel. Ribalta seized a brush and painted furiously until +sunset, and when the artist returned a masterpiece was awaiting him. +Astonishment, admiration, tears, and gratitude—no artist could forbid +his daughter’s <i>fiançailles</i> with a man of genius. Ribalta after<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_20" id="page_20">{20}</a></span>wards +devoted his whole life to the adornment of the churches of his native +kingdom.</p> + +<p>But Valencia is hardly less distinguished for its theatre than for its +painting. Here at the end of the sixteenth century was founded the +celebrated society of “Nocturnes” which welcomed the youth of Lope de +Vega. Guillen de Castro was its head, a man of wit and honourable +family, whose adventurous life ended in the gutter. He is best known as +the author of <i>Las Mocedades del Cid</i>, a tedious drama with a fine +heroic touch, whence Corneille drew his inspiration.</p> + +<p>Leaving Valencia we run southward as far as Alcira without a stop. Here +we cross the Jucar, which strikes terror into the hearts of the +townsfolk. Rising in the rainy season with terrible rapidity, with +constant shiftings of its channel, it sweeps over the countryside, +swallowing up whole villages in its destructive, impetuous course. When +the sky grows black and the river starts to rise, the panic-stricken +inhabitants run to the churches and seize the images. Then with frenzied +prayers to the <i>Pare San Bernard</i>, they dip the holy forehead in the +water, hoping to stay the onrush of the torrent. But the inundated +country to-day will in a few years bear heavy rice crops and luxuriant +orchards. The swampy unhealthy lagoon, the Albufera (which<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_21" id="page_21">{21}</a></span> gave its +name to one of Napoleon’s marshals) is becoming filled up with the +<i>débris</i> brought down from the mountains. Soon it, too, will be a +fertile huerta. Meanwhile, trees are being planted on the rugged +hill-side, a wise measure which it is hoped will check the violence of +the floods and the denudation of the arid soil.</p> + +<p>Jativa will be our next stopping-place. Like most of the towns in this +country it is rich in historic interest. Past cottages, embosomed in +palm-and orange-trees, you climb up to the hill where the old and new +castles stand side by side. Here in 1284 the Infantes de la Cerda, +rightful heirs to the throne, were confined by their Uncle Sancho el +Bravo. Here too the Duke of Calabria, heir of Naples, languished for ten +years after having trusted himself to the honour of Gonzalo de Cordoba, +who betrayed him. This was one of the three deeds of which Gonzalo is +said to have repented at the last. Indeed the castle of Jativa seems to +have greatly troubled his death-bed, for we learn that the second of +these three misdeeds was the imprisonment in the same place of the +infamous Cæsar Borgia. The Borgias—those super-men of the +Renaissance—had their origin in the neighbourhood of Jativa, which also +boasts itself the birthplace of the artist Ribera.</p> + +<p>The smaller coast towns of Alicante attract the weary traveller by their +beautifully sounding<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_22" id="page_22">{22}</a></span> names: Benidorm, Villajoyosa—what pleasant chords +they strike in the imagination! But time is short. You think of them +regretfully and hurry towards the capital. But first, if the month is +April, you must turn aside for a flying visit to Alcoy, where every year +a mediæval joust takes place to the glory of Saint George (the city’s +patron saint) and the discomfiture of the Moors. This is to celebrate +the taking of the town from the Moors by Jaime el Conqueridor in 1253.</p> + +<p>Alicante, the largest town in the province of that name, and the second +in the Kingdom of Valencia, is as dull as most thriving commercial +centres. Its broad white quays are thronged with a busy bustling +humanity. Touches of vivid colour in the dress of the women, who are +labouring like navvies, a burning sun overhead, and the blue of the +Mediterranean, make a not unpleasing picture. Behind the town towers an +enormous rock—a second Gibraltar—crowned by the old castle of Santa +Barbara. A deep fissure in the rock recalls the stubborn siege of 1707, +when the English General and all his garrison were blown to pieces by a +mine.</p> + +<p>Southwards still, to Elche, the City of Palms, or, less poetically, “The +Frying-pan!” A mist of heat seems to hang over the little +Oriental-looking town. Not even in the palm groves that<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_23" id="page_23">{23}</a></span> shut out the +desert can you avoid it. These magnificent trees (it has been estimated +that there are 80,000 in the belt that encircles the town) provide +practically all the palms used by the Christian churches in Passion +Week. In the shade of their avenues flourish the laurel, the rose, and +the geranium; beyond, extend crops of lucerne and wheat, watered by the +carefully regulated Vinalapo.</p> + +<p>But though Elche makes an agreeable impression on travellers, in Spain +it is chiefly celebrated for its Passion or Mystery Play, the only one +of its kind in the kingdom. Elche is under the special protection of Our +Lady of the Assumption, who sent her miraculous image over the seas +along with the words and music of the opera inscribed <i>Soy para Elche</i> +(I am for Elche). To this image, supposed to have been found in 1370 by +a coastguard named Canto, many houses and palm plantations round the +city belong. They are all marked with a crown and the initials M.V. The +image is said to have been carved by St. Luke, but hardly reflects +credit on his skill. However, the miracles it performs seem highly +satisfactory, judging by the magnificent jewels and garments that have +been presented by the faithful.</p> + +<p>The opera is presented on August 13 and 14, the eve and the feast of the +Assumption. In a<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_24" id="page_24">{24}</a></span> country where the sister of Cervantes was allowed to +install a theatre in her convent and herself play the leading <i>rôles</i>, +you are not surprised to find that the representation takes place in the +church, which is, however, for the occasion, carefully stripped of +sacred images.</p> + +<p>The scenery, as in mediæval days, is simple. There is a little cave for +the Garden of Gethsemane, a plain coffin for the Holy Sepulchre. Angels +playing harps on a blue cloth stretched across the roof betoken the +celestial regions. Hence, by an ingenious arrangement of ropes and +pulleys, angels will presently come down to take the Virgin up to +heaven. Apostles and saints, their names legibly inscribed on cardboard +haloes, the holy angels and the Trinity itself have all their appointed +parts. The Virgin is a small boy of eleven. Unfortunately that touch of +vulgarity which seems inseparable from modern Continental Catholicism +liberally decorates the angels with well-greased hair, vivid sashes, and +paper flowers of startling hues. However, the crowded audience is not +critical and very real emotion at times interrupts the continuous +chatter and shaking of fans. There seems something singularly human in a +religion so all-embracing.</p> + +<p>Orihuela, in its fertile plain, rendered independent of rain by the +waters of the Segura, will be our last stopping-place in the southern +portion<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_25" id="page_25">{25}</a></span> of the kingdom. Here the Goths made a last resistance under +Theodomir. Orihuela is the only city in the district where Castilian is +spoken. Its square towers and domes shaded with palms are decidedly +Oriental in appearance. A visit to the Cathedral shows some beautiful +choir-stalls of carved mahogany, but the interior of the building has +been hopelessly barbarised. There is little else to detain us here, so +we take train again for Valencia and the north.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_26" id="page_26">{26}</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="SAGUNTUM_AND_CASTELLON" id="SAGUNTUM_AND_CASTELLON"></a>SAGUNTUM AND CASTELLON</h2> + +<p class="nind"><span class="smcap">Leaving</span> the city of Valencia, the traveller journeys northwards through +one of the most luxuriant garden-plains of southern Europe. Groves of +olive, almond, and orange trees crowd thick upon each other, their +almost monotonous fruitfulness broken only by an occasional graceful +cluster of stately palms. Soon there comes in sight a hill crowned with +an irregular line of battlemented walls. Its silhouette is warm against +the sky-line. This is Saguntum, famed in story.</p> + +<p>You pass out of the station and on your left rise up the eastern slopes +of the Saguntine hill. At its feet are huddled the dark green tiled +roofs of the village, from among which the little church of San Salvador +detaches its quadrangular tower, proudly conscious that (in the eye of +its worshippers at least) it is the oldest Christian foundation in the +whole of Spain. Tiny cottages gleam white in the dark places of the +rocks, between thickets of aloes and prickly-pear. And far above, the +reddish walls of the castle with its huge square towers stretch in +slanting belts<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_27" id="page_27">{27}</a></span> along the summit of the hill, keeping watch over the +ever-retreating sea that has so often been studded with the ships of +enemies.</p> + +<p>To the right, coaches from Teruel and Segorbe lumber along a white +ribbon of road, smothered in clouds of dust. Clambering up the fence of +masonry that separates populace and passengers a dozen Saguntine youths, +burnt by the sun, with eyes like sloes and jet-black hair, hail you in +eager tones. They thrust towards you sinewy arms holding cups of milk or +wine and plates of savoury meats, with branches of oranges or wands +garlanded with fruits and sweet-smelling flowers.</p> + +<p>But it is a silent town, Saguntum (or Murviedro as it is generally +called), and seems to brood on memories of the past. Founded in 1389 +B.C. by the Greeks of Zacynthus, it has been held in turn by +Carthaginian and Roman, by Goth, Moor, and Spaniard. Its place in +history is unique. The story of its famous siege has repeatedly been +told.</p> + +<p>It is the year 219 <small>B.C.</small>—the eve of the Second Punic War. Hannibal, +having sworn war to the death on Rome, is gathering his forces for a +crushing blow. The wealth of Saguntum attracts him; impoverished by the +loss of Sicily, its position as frontier town appeals to him as a +strategist; as the ally of Rome it draws his hatred. Suddenly<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_28" id="page_28">{28}</a></span> a force +of a hundred and fifty thousand Carthaginian soldiers is hurled against +the town; battering-rams thunder at the gates; huge catapults scatter +death among the startled townsfolk. Then begins a struggle that can be +compared only with Numantia in ancient or Saragossa in modern times. +Force and cunning have met their match in desperate heroism.</p> + +<p>The siege lasted for eight months. Rome was appealed to, but her +Ambassadors were not allowed to land. They turned to Carthage and +entered the Senate House. “I bring you peace or war,” cried Valerius +Flaccus; “choose which you will have!” and resounding cries of “War! +War!” initiated one of the fiercest struggles of antiquity. But though +fighting against a common enemy, Rome deserted her Spanish ally.</p> + +<p>A city beseiged is a city doomed. Saguntum could hold out no longer. +Hannibal named his terms—life and two garments to each individual. +Arms, wealth, and Fatherland must all be given up, and the inhabitants +must drift to whatever part of the world the conqueror decreed.</p> + +<p>Immediately, by order of the Senate, a scaffold was erected in the +public square. All the wealth from the public treasury was flung upon +it. Private citizens added their treasures to the holocaust, and with +the courage of despair flung themselves into the flames. Then a shout +arose<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_29" id="page_29">{29}</a></span> from the walls; one of the towers had fallen and the attacking +army swarmed over the ramparts to wholesale massacre. Such is Livy’s +account, but it is probably an overstatement. For though the +Carthaginians, being a Semitic race, were capable of any cruelty, +history records that the first act of the Scipios, on rebuilding the +town four years later, was to buy back the exiled inhabitants.</p> + +<p>Two thousand years later Saguntum was once again the theatre of war, +when in 1808 it was attacked and taken by Marshal Suchet. But Napoleon’s +success was as ephemeral as Hannibal’s. The French violet could not take +root in the granite of Spain.</p> + +<p>The present castle is principally Moorish, though some traces of the old +Saguntine walls can be distinguished. It is probable that the keep +described by Livy occupied the site of the present citadel. There are +some old Moorish cisterns to which the girls of the village climb in the +evening with water-jars on their shoulders.</p> + +<p>A little lower down the hill lies the ancient Roman amphitheatre, the +most nearly perfect of its kind that exists to-day, not even excepting +those of Italy. The separate entrances that Roman ceremony required for +knights and magistrates, for women and for the common people, can still +be recognised in spite of the depredations of<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_30" id="page_30">{30}</a></span> Suchet and the +Philistines. Its thirty-three tiers of bluish grey pebbles, cemented +cunningly together to look like huge blocks of stone, rise with the +sloping hill-side. The theatregoer of Murviedro had little to complain +of in the old days. If the play was tedious, he could turn his eye to +the beautiful scenery that lay before him. His lot was enviable beside +the Londoner’s.</p> + +<p>The plain that now separates Murviedro from the sea is rich in ruins of +a bygone age. Desultory excavations have yielded some results. In 1795 a +magnificent mosaic was discovered representing Bacchus astride a tiger +in the midst of revellers, which, unfortunately, has since been lost. +For the antiquary with money at his back and method in his brain a rich +and interesting harvest lies waiting.</p> + +<p>Leaving Saguntum we continue northwards past the picturesque old castle +of Almenara; past Nules, famous for its mineral springs; past Burriana, +whose oranges you have eaten in every country of Europe; and the train +steams at length into Castellon de la Plana. To the eye this city is +uninteresting enough, but the imagination is touched by the recital of +its history.</p> + +<p>A league to the north of the town the barren mountains of the Desierta +rise from an arid plain. Here can be seen some crumbling grey walls and +a hermitage in honour of St. Mary Magdalena.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_31" id="page_31">{31}</a></span> The walls mark the site of +the old town captured in 1233 by Jaime I. of Aragon. A few years later +the inhabitants petitioned the King’s lieutenant for leave to remove +their town to the fertile plain on the coast where it now stands. Not +only was this granted but considerable privileges were bestowed on the +enterprising city.</p> + +<p>Every year on the third Sunday in Lent this event is commemorated by the +Feast of Las Gayates. Clergy and laity alike, bearing green reeds, +proceed in pilgrimage to the hermitage, where a solemn service is +celebrated. A gay crowd invades the hill. They sing; they dance; they +shout; they eat and drink. After this sylvan feast, they troop back to +the town. At nightfall a second procession sets out, in which are +represented with all edifying accompaniments the worldly pomps and +repentance of the Magdalene. Raised up among a myriad flashing lanterns +the “Gayata,” which gives its name to the festival and recalls the +removal of the city, is borne along with song and dance.</p> + +<p>More than once has Castellon fought bravely in defence of its liberties. +A very strenuous resistance was offered to Pedro IV. when the women +fought side by side with the men upon the walls. One of the amazon +warriors killed a relative of the attacking General, Don Pedro de Boil, +and was hanged in the market-place on the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_32" id="page_32">{32}</a></span> fall of the city, along with +the other rebel leaders. Considering the part that Spanish women have +played in the history of their country, it is curious to remember that +voluptuous indolence is supposed to entirely sum up their character. The +War of the Brotherhood, that great popular rising, gave three more +martyrs to Castellon. It is not, therefore, surprising to find that this +city to-day stands, in the province to which it gives its name, for +democratic tendencies. So Morella on its rocky throne, the stronghold of +the ferocious Carlist chief, Cabrera, stands for aristocratic +militarism; and Segorbe, lying in the shadow of the magnificent +monastery of Valdecristo, for the ecclesiastical element and clerical +control.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_33" id="page_33">{33}</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="THE_KINGDOM_OF_MURCIA" id="THE_KINGDOM_OF_MURCIA"></a>THE KINGDOM OF MURCIA</h2> + +<p class="nind"><span class="smcap">The</span> ancient Kingdom of Murcia, which lies to the south of Valencia, +includes the two modern provinces of Murcia and Albacete. It is a wild, +fierce region, where the sun’s heat scorches all vegetation from off the +hill-sides. Deep and terrible chasms yawn between the rugged mountains; +there are sharp and rocky peaks that seem to have been thrown up by +sudden upheavals of the earth, and at their feet lie great stretches of +tawny desert recalling the burning expanse of the Sahara. The shadow of +long-continued drought often broods over the whole kingdom. But yet the +district watered by the Segura is an earthly paradise—in spring all +flowers, in autumn all fruit. Mingling with the carob-tree and +broad-leaved palm glistens the gold of oranges, and luxuriant vines give +pleasant promise of a sparkling harvest.</p> + +<p>But nature has not thus blessed the land of her own free will. She +needed coaxing and much wooing by the cunning Arabs. A wonderful system +of irrigation prevails, and science has harnessed fast the wayward +rivers. The greatest<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_34" id="page_34">{34}</a></span> treasure of the Murcian, water, is sold by auction +to the highest bidder. M. Jean Brunhés, in a lately published work, +gives some very curious and interesting details relating to this +singular system.</p> + +<p>The volume of the Monegre is divided into old and new water, the former +belonging of right to the ancient riparian proprietors, the latter to +the owners of the locks and reservoirs. A very vicious system prevails +at Lorca. There, a private company has obtained all rights in the water +of Guadalentin, subject to the condition of supplying the old +proprietors of the adjoining lands with 500 litres per second every day. +Only in rainy seasons, when the company’s barrage is swept away by the +torrent (as it usually is some five or six times in the year), does the +water become public property. When this happens the company is not +allowed to make the barrage any stronger when it is rebuilt. In seasons +of drought the owners are masters of the situation, and are able to +recoup themselves for the losses thus incurred by forcing up prices to a +figure absolutely ruinous to all but the richest cultivators. There is +only one palliation to this system, that the bidder who has bought the +first lot can buy as many of the lots following as he may desire at the +same figure. Notwithstanding this poor concession it would seem that the +principle of private<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_35" id="page_35">{35}</a></span> ownership has been pushed a little too far in this +part of the world.</p> + +<p>Here is M. Brunhés’ account of the water auction at Lorca:</p> + +<p>“The sale takes place in a badly lit hall with naked walls, on a level +with the street, with which it communicates by an immense door almost +its own breadth. This door remains open during the sale, and the crowd +of bidders stand partly in the street. The hall has no floor; you stand +on the bare ground. Opposite the door at the end of the hall is a +railed-off daïs, entered by a side door, and without any direct +communication with the public side. On the daïs the secretaries are +seated at a large table covered by a threadbare green cloth. Behind the +table are five arm-chairs. In one is seated the presiding officer (a +civil engineer who must own no land in the Vega). On a stool is +stationed the crier.</p> + +<p>“At eight o’clock in the morning, at a sign from the presiding officer, +the crier pronounces these words in a singing monotonous voice, and +without any pause between the two phrases: ‘In honour of the Holy +Sacrament of the Altar, who buys the first lot of Sotellana?’ +Immediately shouts go up, ‘Eight, nine, or ten reales!’ One voice +overpowers the other, wide mouths vociferate loudly, necks are strained, +muscles grow tense with excitement. The bidders press and<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_36" id="page_36">{36}</a></span> crush each +other against the iron railing, for the one nearest has the best chance +of being heard. The presiding officer listens and follows the frantic +shouting with sovereign calm. Suddenly, with a quick gesture, he +designates the highest bidder. At once the clamour ceases. Amid absolute +silence the man indicated calls out his name, which the clerks write +down.</p> + +<p>“The men are hatless. Some wear black or dark-coloured handkerchiefs +bound round their heads, but all hold their broad-brimmed hats in their +hands. No one smokes or talks till the bidding recommences, and even +those in the street are silent and bareheaded. It is easy to see that +all are peasants. Heads are closely cropped; here are no beards or +moustaches, no one wears a collar, and most carry a cloak other than the +aristocratic <i>capa</i> on the shoulders or arm. It is a curious and +impressive sight enough these bronzed physiognomies, animated by one +desire to obtain, as cheaply as may be, possession of the supreme good, +water.”</p> + +<p>Such is the province of Murcia in the twentieth century. When vegetation +depended only on the sun and very infrequent rain, the land can have +been very little better than an arid wilderness. And yet its possession +has from the earliest times been a matter of keen dispute. To the early +inhabitants have always been ascribed those<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_37" id="page_37">{37}</a></span> simple guileless virtues +with which the eighteenth century endowed the noble savage. Like the +high-souled inhabitants of More’s “Utopia,” they used the gold and +silver, in which their mountains abounded, for the meanest articles of +domestic use. But this admirable custom seems unfortunately to have been +based on mere ignorance of the value of their treasures.</p> + +<p>More sophisticated were the Phœnicians, who scented the precious metals +from afar, and here, as everywhere, established their commercial +centres. Next, the Greeks swooped down and planted colonies, rivalry +between the two races precipitating the fierce conflict between their +respective allies, the Carthaginians and the Romans. New Carthage, or +Cartagena, was founded by Hasdrubal; his son made it the starting-place +of his famous march to Rome. The city made a brave resistance to Scipio, +and its fall marked the downfall of the Carthaginian in Spain.</p> + +<p>As an outpost of the Roman Empire this district was one of the first +abandoned to the attacks of the barbarians. Under the Visigoths it +became a duchy with the name of Aurariola, which offered so determined a +resistance to the Mussulman that it was enabled to retain its +independence, subject merely to the Khalifa as suzerain. Here, as in so +many Iberian sieges, the women played<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_38" id="page_38">{38}</a></span> no small part. Dressed as men, +they paraded the walls of the city: and by this stratagem enabled Duke +Theodomir to obtain such favourable terms.</p> + +<p>Perpetuating the memory of this Duke, the province lasted under the name +of Todmir some sixty-eight years as a self-governing State. But the last +governors allied themselves with Charlemagne. Arab invaders poured in, +who soon swamped the Christian population and Todmir was completely +absorbed into the Moslem Empire.</p> + +<p>A new capital, Murcia, was founded, that soon rivalled Toledo and +Cordoba as a manufactory of arms. After undergoing the usual +vicissitudes of Moorish States, it was taken in 1266 by Jaime el +Conqueridor, and handed over to his son-in-law, the King of Castile. For +two hundred years it endured the attacks of the Moors of Granada, acting +meanwhile as a buffer to the Christian kingdom.</p> + +<p>Murcia to-day seems a survival of the Middle Ages. The legend goes that +Adam returning to earth recognised the province as the only relic of the +world he left. The Murcians are a conservative people, clinging to the +beliefs and ideas of their forefathers, untouched by the march of +thought. Religion is the changeless background of their lives, and often +its picturesque ceremonies completely hold the stage. One of the most<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_39" id="page_39">{39}</a></span> +interesting of their religious festivals is the Passion Procession held +on Good Friday. According to tradition this has continued without +interruption since 1603, except in the year 1809 only, when it was +forbidden by the Government.</p> + +<p>Organised by the Confraternity of Jesus, the great feature of the +procession is the magnificent series of carved groups (known as <i>pasos</i>) +representing scenes from the Biblical narrative. These are the work of +the great master Salzillo, who is said to have carved no fewer than 1792 +wooden figures in his long life of seventy-six years. During the +eighteenth century the Trades Guilds of Murcia gave special support to +the Confraternity. They are accordingly granted the privilege of +carrying the different <i>pasos</i> in the procession. Thus the “Kiss of +Judas” is borne by the bakers; Santa Veronica by the weavers; while the +tailors carry the gigantic group of the Last Supper. The bearers, all +alike clad in purple, carry lighted candles and musical instruments. +Their hoods shroud their heads, the eyes alone being visible through +slits; a knotted rope girdles the waist, and stockings of coarse white +wool, instead of the bare feet demanded by the original statute, +acknowledge the claims of the twentieth century.</p> + +<p>It is six o’clock on Good Friday morning. The streets are thronged with +eager sightseers; heads<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_40" id="page_40">{40}</a></span> are devoutly bared and many a plain wooden +cross is displayed to mark the sympathy of the crowd. A band of mounted +gendarmes clears the way. The standard-bearer chants to the populace +that “This is done in remembrance of the Passion of Our Lord Jesus +Christ.” Smothered in flowers the first five <i>pasos</i> are borne along. +Then to the sound of drum and trumpet, with the ringing of bells and the +blare of bugles, Our Father Jesus passes, enveloped in a cloud of +flaming candles, accompanied by the Holy Brotherhood. The remaining +<i>pasos</i> follow close, the clergy and the representatives of King and +Bishop bringing up the rear.</p> + +<p>The <i>pasos</i> themselves will repay inspection. Though abounding in +ludicrous anachronisms, often in flabby sentiment, they are beautifully +carved and superbly mounted. It is said that £1000 was offered by an +enthusiastic German for the uplifted arm of St. Peter in the “Kiss of +Judas.”</p> + +<p>The first group of the Last Supper is of enormous size, requiring no +fewer than twenty-four bearers during the procession. Among the tailors +of the city there is keen competition for this honour, for the splendid +collation that is offered by the pious to the lifeless feasters is later +sold by auction for the benefit of the bearers. The price it fetches is +no small one, for<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_41" id="page_41">{41}</a></span> it is regarded as true <i>pain béni</i>, bringing +happiness to those who eat. The Agony in the Garden is reputed of +supernatural design and is known as “The Pearl of Salzillo.” The Angel +Gabriel is considered unrivalled, and the legend goes that the Duke of +Wellington bid £80,000 for this one figure. The figures are +magnificently clothed, the sword and crown of Jesus being set down in +the accounts of the brotherhood at £200 and £120 respectively. Perhaps +the finest of the groups is that which comes last—our Lady of Dolours, +whose expression of supreme sorrow has rarely been equalled whether by +chisel or brush. It is said that the sculptor copied it from the +countenance of his own daughter, to whom, with this end in view, he had +deliberately presented a forged letter announcing the suicide of her +betrothed. The <i>pasos</i> are deposited in the Ermita de Jesus, where they +can be seen by the traveller.</p> + +<p>In the town of Murcia itself the influence of the Cross has almost +completely banished the Crescent. Gone is the Alcazar, where the Amirs +mimicked the State of Cordoba and Toledo; gone is the mosque, where +thousands of turbaned heads bowed daily towards Mecca. But in the centre +of the city is one of those squares found in every southern and eastern +city, which in Spain is always named after the Constitution, in Italy +after Victor Emmanuel, and in France<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_42" id="page_42">{42}</a></span> after the Republic. To cross it in +the afternoon would mean sudden death, for Murcia is one of the hottest +corners of Europe. But later a gentle breeze springs up and the citizens +troop out to meet with friends upon the Malecon and admire the charming +view of the Segura valley, which, as M. Brunhés has said, is “an +admirable zone of model agricultural establishment.” This fertile huerta +bespeaks industry as great as that of the Swiss or Scottish peasant, for +the worship of sloth with which Mr. O’Shea charges the Murcian people is +groundless and unjust.</p> + +<p>A visit to the Cathedral will exhaust the architectural sights of +Murcia. Even this is not of first-class interest. Dating in parts from +1386 and Gothic in style, the west front is Churrigueresque, though +fortunately not in the most florid style of that unhappy architect. The +earthquake of 1829 and a fire in the middle of the last century have +greatly damaged the interior, but the general effect is sufficiently +striking. The choir-stalls of carved walnut are very beautiful, but the +reredos is poor. The eighth wonder of the world, in the opinion of the +inhabitants, is the little Velez Chapel modelled on the Constable’s +Chapel at Burgos, but parts of it, according to Don Rodrigo Amador de +los Rios, show the painful caprices and aberrations which announce the +death agony of a powerful art. Just beyond the Junteron<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_43" id="page_43">{43}</a></span> Chapel, with +its wealth of beautifully sculptured figures and designs in the most +exuberant Renaissance style, is the urn where the city carefully guards +the internal organs of Alfonso the Learned—a gruesome legacy but one +greatly valued.</p> + +<p>Much older than Murcia, the old Visigothic capital Carthagena has +preserved even fewer monuments of antiquity, though it has not lost the +military character first impressed upon it by its founder Hasdrubal. For +this is the first arsenal of Spain and perhaps its strongest fortress. +Its splendid sheltered harbour is defended by powerful forts and +formidable batteries. Their fire has not always been directed upon the +enemies of Spain. For many months in 1873 over them waved the red flag +of the Intransigents, the extreme communistic republicans, who, +simultaneously with the Carlists of the north, threatened to ruin +Castelar’s Government at Madrid. The acquisition of the great national +arsenal without firing a shot was, of course, of the utmost advantage to +the determined revolutionaries. The garrison, in addition to the +enthusiastic population, included several revolted battalions of regular +troops under General Contreras.</p> + +<p>Against this terrible stronghold of the Revolution, General Martinez +Campos advanced with an<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_44" id="page_44">{44}</a></span> army from Madrid, with orders to reduce the +place with the utmost despatch. This was easier said than done. Supplies +were lacking; the advantage in artillery lay entirely with the besieged. +The Carlists effected diversions in favour of the Intransigents—an odd +coalition. Meanwhile three of the revolutionary vessels were seized by a +Prussian squadron as pirates—an utterly unjustifiable interference with +the domestic affairs of another State. The Prussians and Italians +exacted, moreover, a war indemnity of 50,000 pesetas from the Cantonal +Junta, which body became a prey to internal dissensions. One of its +members was assassinated. Taking advantage of these embarrassments of +the besieged the republican troops redoubled their efforts. Señor +Castelar came down from Madrid to assume the supreme command, and +Martinez Campos was superseded by General Lopez Dominguez. An incessant +bombardment was kept up, the besieged responding shell by shell. In +January the frigate <i>Tetuan</i> was burnt to the water’s edge, and a day or +two later the explosion of the magazine destroyed hundreds of the +garrison. The end was near. The city had for half a year defied almost +the whole kingdom and withstood the covert attacks of foreign Powers. +The Government troops forced their way into wretched, blood-drenched +Carthagena; Galvez, Contreras, and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_45" id="page_45">{45}</a></span> leaders of the cantonal movement +escaped by sea in the ironclad <i>Numancia</i>, which far exceeded the +Government vessels in speed, and took refuge in Algeria. Thus collapsed +a movement which was, after the Commune of Paris, the most determined +organised attempt ever made to subvert the existing constitution of +European society.</p> + +<p>I have given at some length this chapter in the history of Carthagena, +partly because the town has little interest of itself, and partly +because these events though so recent and significant are ignored by +most writers of travel books. Out of so much evil good came at last, for +these well-nigh fatal disorders opened the eyes of the Spaniards to the +instability of the Madrid Government and formed the prelude to the reign +of peace inaugurated by the accession to the throne of King Alfonso XII.</p> + +<p>Boasting less than most Spanish provinces of sights that appeal only to +the casual tourist, Murcia is interesting as a region of perpetual +struggle and bloodshed; of struggle against nature, of struggles between +differing religions, and of the deadly internecine feuds of race and +race.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_46" id="page_46">{46}</a></span> </p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_47" id="page_47">{47}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_001" id="plt_001"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 1</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_001.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_001.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_48" id="page_48">{48}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_002" id="plt_002"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 2</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_002.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_002.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW, LOOKING SOUTH</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_49" id="page_49">{49}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_003" id="plt_003"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 3</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_003.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_003.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: VIEW FROM THE PUENTE DEL MAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_50" id="page_50">{50}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_004" id="plt_004"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 4</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_004.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_004.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_51" id="page_51">{51}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_005" id="plt_005"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 5</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_005.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_005.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: VIEW FROM THE PUENTE DEL MAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_52" id="page_52">{52}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_006" id="plt_006"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 6</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_006.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_006.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE TOWN BY THE PUERTA DE SANTA LUCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_53" id="page_53">{53}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_007" id="plt_007"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 7</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_007.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_007.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE FAIR AT THE PUERTA DE SANTA LUCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_54" id="page_54">{54}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_008" id="plt_008"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 8</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_008.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_008.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PUERTA DE SERRANOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_55" id="page_55">{55}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_009" id="plt_009"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 9</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_009.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_009.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PUERTA DE CUARTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_56" id="page_56">{56}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_010" id="plt_010"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 10</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_010.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_010.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE MARKET-PLACE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_57" id="page_57">{57}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_011" id="plt_011"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 11</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_011.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_011.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE PUENTE REAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_58" id="page_58">{58}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_012" id="plt_012"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 12</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_012.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_012.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA GLORIETA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_59" id="page_59">{59}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_013" id="plt_013"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 13</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_013.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_013.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA GLORIETA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_60" id="page_60">{60}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_014" id="plt_014"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 14</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_014.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_014.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PASEO DE LA ALAMEDA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_61" id="page_61">{61}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_015" id="plt_015"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 15</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_015.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_015.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: FOUNTAIN OF THE ALAMEDA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_62" id="page_62">{62}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_016" id="plt_016"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 16</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_016.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_016.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE LA ADUANA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_63" id="page_63">{63}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_017" id="plt_017"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 17</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_017.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_017.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE SANTO DOMINGO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_64" id="page_64">{64}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_018" id="plt_018"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 18</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_018.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_018.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE SAN FRANCISCO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_65" id="page_65">{65}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_019" id="plt_019"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 19</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_019.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_019.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE TÉTUAN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_66" id="page_66">{66}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_020" id="plt_020"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 20</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_020.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_020.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PLAZA DE LA CONSTITUCION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_67" id="page_67">{67}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_021" id="plt_021"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 21</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_021.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_021.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CALLE DE LA BAJADA DE SAN FRANCISCO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_68" id="page_68">{68}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_022" id="plt_022"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 22</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_022.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_022.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CALLE DE SAN VICENTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_69" id="page_69">{69}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_023" id="plt_023"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 23</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_023.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_023.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: TROS ALT</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_70" id="page_70">{70}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_024" id="plt_024"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 24</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_024.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_024.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CALLE DE LA BOLSERIA Y TROS ALT</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_71" id="page_71">{71}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_025" id="plt_025"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 25</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_025.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_025.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_72" id="page_72">{72}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_026" id="plt_026"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 26</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_026.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_026.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA CATHEDRAL: GATE OF THE APOSTLES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_73" id="page_73">{73}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_027" id="plt_027"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 27</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_027.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_027.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CATHEDRAL, PUERTA DEL PALAU</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_74" id="page_74">{74}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_028" id="plt_028"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 28</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_028.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_028.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA CATHEDRAL: A DOOR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_75" id="page_75">{75}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_029" id="plt_029"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 29</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_029.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_029.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE TEMPLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_76" id="page_76">{76}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_030" id="plt_030"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 30</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_030.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_030.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE MIGUELETE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_77" id="page_77">{77}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_031" id="plt_031"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 31</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_031.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_031.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CATALINA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_78" id="page_78">{78}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_032" id="plt_032"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 32</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_032.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_032.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CATALINA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_79" id="page_79">{79}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_033" id="plt_033"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 33</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_033.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_033.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF LOS SANTOS JUANES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_80" id="page_80">{80}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_034" id="plt_034"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 34</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_034.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_034.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: FAÇADE OF SAN MIGUEL EL REAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_81" id="page_81">{81}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_035" id="plt_035"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 35</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_035.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_035.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CRUZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_82" id="page_82">{82}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_036" id="plt_036"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 36</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_036.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_036.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: CHURCH OF SANTA CRUZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_83" id="page_83">{83}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_037" id="plt_037"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 37</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_037.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_037.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE CHURCH OF SAN ANDRÉS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_84" id="page_84">{84}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_038" id="plt_038"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 38</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_038.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_038.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_85" id="page_85">{85}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_039" id="plt_039"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 39</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_039.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_039.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_86" id="page_86">{86}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_040" id="plt_040"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 40</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_040.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_040.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CAMPO-SANTO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_87" id="page_87">{87}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_041" id="plt_041"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 41</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_041.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_041.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE AUDIENCIA, OLD PALACE OF THE CORTES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_88" id="page_88">{88}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_042" id="plt_042"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 42</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_042.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_042.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ROYAL HALL IN THE AUDIENCIA, UPPER PART</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_89" id="page_89">{89}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_043" id="plt_043"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 43</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_043.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_043.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ROYAL HALL IN THE AUDIENCIA, LOWER PART</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_90" id="page_90">{90}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_044" id="plt_044"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 44</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_044.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_044.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: INTERIOR DOOR OF THE AUDIENCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_91" id="page_91">{91}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_045" id="plt_045"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 45</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_045.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_045.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE EXCHANGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_92" id="page_92">{92}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_046" id="plt_046"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 46</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_046.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_046.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE EXCHANGE. DETAIL OF THE GALLERY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_93" id="page_93">{93}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_047" id="plt_047"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 47</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_047.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_047.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: INTERIOR OF THE EXCHANGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_94" id="page_94">{94}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_048" id="plt_048"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 48</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_048.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_048.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: INTERIOR DOOR OF THE EXCHANGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_95" id="page_95">{95}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_049" id="plt_049"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 49</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_049.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_049.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: COLEGIO DEL PATRIARCA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_96" id="page_96">{96}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_050" id="plt_050"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 50</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_050.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_050.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: COURTYARD IN THE COLEGIO DEL PATRIARCA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_97" id="page_97">{97}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_051" id="plt_051"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 51</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_051.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_051.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: COURTYARD OF THE UNIVERSITY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_98" id="page_98">{98}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_052" id="plt_052"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 52</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_052.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_052.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ENTRANCE TO THE CIVIL HOSPITAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_99" id="page_99">{99}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_053" id="plt_053"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 53</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_053.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_053.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: GATE OF MOSEN S’ORRELL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_100" id="page_100">{100}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_054" id="plt_054"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 54</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_054.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_054.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE CUSTOM-HOUSE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_101" id="page_101">{101}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_055" id="plt_055"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 55</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_055.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_055.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE ARCHBISHOP’S PALACE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_102" id="page_102">{102}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_056" id="plt_056"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 56</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_056.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_056.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE BULL-RING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_103" id="page_103">{103}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_057" id="plt_057"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 57</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_057.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_057.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: TOBACCO FACTORY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_104" id="page_104">{104}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_058" id="plt_058"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 58</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_058.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_058.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: A PRIVATE HOUSE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_105" id="page_105">{105}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_059" id="plt_059"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 59</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_059.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_059.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: STATUE OF KING JAIME</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_106" id="page_106">{106}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_060" id="plt_060"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 60</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_060.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_060.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: STATUE OF RIBERA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_107" id="page_107">{107}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_061" id="plt_061"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 61</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_061.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_061.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: STATUE OF ST. CHRISTOPHER</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_108" id="page_108">{108}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_062" id="plt_062"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 62</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_062.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_062.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_109" id="page_109">{109}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_063" id="plt_063"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 63</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_063.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_063.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_110" id="page_110">{110}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_064" id="plt_064"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 64</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_064.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_064.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PORTAL OF THE PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE DOS AGUAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_111" id="page_111">{111}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_065" id="plt_065"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 65</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_065.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_065.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUES DE RIPALDA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_112" id="page_112">{112}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_066" id="plt_066"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 66</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_066.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_066.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">GENERAL VIEW OF GRAO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_113" id="page_113">{113}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_067" id="plt_067"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 67</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_067.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_067.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">GRAO HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_114" id="page_114">{114}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_068" id="plt_068"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 68</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_068.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_068.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">GRAO HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_115" id="page_115">{115}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_069" id="plt_069"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 69</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_069.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_069.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">GRAO HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_116" id="page_116">{116}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_070" id="plt_070"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 70</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_070.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_070.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CAMINO DEL GRAO: HERMITAGE OF AVE MARIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_117" id="page_117">{117}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_071" id="plt_071"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 71</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_071.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_071.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: A “TARTANA,” OR CHAR-À-BANC</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_118" id="page_118">{118}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_072" id="plt_072"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 72</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_072.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_072.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PEASANTS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_119" id="page_119">{119}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_073" id="plt_073"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 73</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_073.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_073.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PEASANTS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_120" id="page_120">{120}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_074" id="plt_074"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 74</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_074.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_074.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: PEASANTS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_121" id="page_121">{121}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_075" id="plt_075"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 75</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_075.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_075.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: TYPES OF WOMEN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_122" id="page_122">{122}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_076" id="plt_076"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 76</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_076.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_076.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: TRIBUNAL DES EAUX</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_123" id="page_123">{123}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_077" id="plt_077"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 77</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_077.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_077.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: BARBERS ON THE BRIDGE OF SERRANOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_124" id="page_124">{124}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_078" id="plt_078"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 78</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_078.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_078.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: ZIGZAG OF THE CABRILLAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_125" id="page_125">{125}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_079" id="plt_079"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 79</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_079.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_079.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF VALENCIA: A ROAD IN CABAÑAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_126" id="page_126">{126}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_080" id="plt_080"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 80</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_080.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_080.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF VALENCIA: A ROAD IN CABAÑAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_127" id="page_127">{127}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_081" id="plt_081"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 81</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_081.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_081.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_128" id="page_128">{128}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_082" id="plt_082"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 82</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_082.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_082.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">VALENCIA: THE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_129" id="page_129">{129}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_083" id="plt_083"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 83</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_083.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_083.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_130" id="page_130">{130}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_084" id="plt_084"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 84</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_084.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_084.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_131" id="page_131">{131}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_085" id="plt_085"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 85</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_085.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_085.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: VIEW FROM THE STATION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_132" id="page_132">{132}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_086" id="plt_086"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 86</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_086.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_086.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: VIEW FROM THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_133" id="page_133">{133}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_087" id="plt_087"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 87</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_087.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_087.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE AND TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_134" id="page_134">{134}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_088" id="plt_088"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 88</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_088.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_088.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_135" id="page_135">{135}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_089" id="plt_089"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 89</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_089.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_089.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: THE CASTLE FROM ONE OF THE COURTS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_136" id="page_136">{136}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_090" id="plt_090"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 90</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_090.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_090.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_137" id="page_137">{137}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_091" id="plt_091"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 91</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_091.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_091.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_138" id="page_138">{138}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_092" id="plt_092"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 92</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_092.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_092.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: GENERAL VIEW OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_139" id="page_139">{139}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_093" id="plt_093"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 93</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_093.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_093.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_140" id="page_140">{140}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_094" id="plt_094"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 94</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_094.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_094.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: INTERIOR OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_141" id="page_141">{141}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_095" id="plt_095"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 95</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_095.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_095.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: PRINCIPAL GATE OF THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_142" id="page_142">{142}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_096" id="plt_096"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 96</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_096.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_096.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_143" id="page_143">{143}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_097" id="plt_097"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 97</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_097.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_097.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURVIEDRO: ENTRANCE TO THE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_144" id="page_144">{144}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_098" id="plt_098"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 98</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_098.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_098.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">JATIVA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_145" id="page_145">{145}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_099" id="plt_099"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 99</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_099.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_099.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">JATIVA: VIEW FROM THE STATION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_146" id="page_146">{146}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_100" id="plt_100"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 100</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_100.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_100.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">JATIVA: THE CIVIL HOSPITAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_147" id="page_147">{147}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_101" id="plt_101"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 101</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_101.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_101.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_148" id="page_148">{148}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_102" id="plt_102"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 102</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_102.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_102.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_149" id="page_149">{149}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_103" id="plt_103"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 103</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_103.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_103.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: VIEW FROM THE CASTLE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_150" id="page_150">{150}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_104" id="plt_104"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 104</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_104.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_104.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE BREAKWATER</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_151" id="page_151">{151}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_105" id="plt_105"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 105</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_105.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_105.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_152" id="page_152">{152}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_106" id="plt_106"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 106</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_106.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_106.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_153" id="page_153">{153}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_107" id="plt_107"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 107</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_107.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_107.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_154" id="page_154">{154}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_108" id="plt_108"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 108</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_108.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_108.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_155" id="page_155">{155}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_109" id="plt_109"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 109</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_109.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_109.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_156" id="page_156">{156}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_110" id="plt_110"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 110</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_110.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_110.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_157" id="page_157">{157}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_111" id="plt_111"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 111</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_111.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_111.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE LOS MARTIRES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_158" id="page_158">{158}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_112" id="plt_112"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 112</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_112.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_112.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: PASEO DE NUÑEZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_159" id="page_159">{159}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_113" id="plt_113"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 113</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_113.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_113.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_160" id="page_160">{160}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_114" id="plt_114"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 114</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_114.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_114.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_161" id="page_161">{161}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_115" id="plt_115"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 115</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_115.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_115.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: MONUMENT TO QUIJANO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_162" id="page_162">{162}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_116" id="plt_116"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 116</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_116.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_116.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ALICANTE: THE BULL-RING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_163" id="page_163">{163}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_117" id="plt_117"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 117</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_117.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_117.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_164" id="page_164">{164}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_118" id="plt_118"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 118</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_118.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_118.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_165" id="page_165">{165}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_119" id="plt_119"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 119</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_119.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_119.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_166" id="page_166">{166}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_120" id="plt_120"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 120</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_120.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_120.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_167" id="page_167">{167}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_121" id="plt_121"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 121</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_121.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_121.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: PLAZA MAYOR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_168" id="page_168">{168}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_122" id="plt_122"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 122</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_122.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_122.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: VIEW FROM THE STATION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_169" id="page_169">{169}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_123" id="plt_123"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 123</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_123.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_123.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: THE ROAD TO ALICANTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_170" id="page_170">{170}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_124" id="plt_124"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 124</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_124.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_124.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: THE ROAD FROM ALICANTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_171" id="page_171">{171}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_125" id="plt_125"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 125</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_125.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_125.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_172" id="page_172">{172}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_126" id="plt_126"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 126</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_126.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_126.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CHURCH OF SAN JUAN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_173" id="page_173">{173}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_127" id="plt_127"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 127</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_127.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_127.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: BRIDGE OVER THE RAMBLA DE ELCHE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_174" id="page_174">{174}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_128" id="plt_128"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 128</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_128.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_128.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: VIEW FROM THE RAILWAY BRIDGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_175" id="page_175">{175}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_129" id="plt_129"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 129</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_129.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_129.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: THE CANAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_176" id="page_176">{176}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_130" id="plt_130"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 130</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_130.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_130.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: WASHING LINEN IN THE CANAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_177" id="page_177">{177}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_131" id="plt_131"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 131</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_131.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_131.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A CANAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_178" id="page_178">{178}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_132" id="plt_132"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 132</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_132.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_132.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: TOWER OF RAPSAMBLANC, BELONGING TO THE CONDE DE LUNA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_179" id="page_179">{179}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_133" id="plt_133"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 133</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_133.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_133.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA, NOW A PRISON</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_180" id="page_180">{180}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_134" id="plt_134"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 134</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_134.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_134.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: MILL AND CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_181" id="page_181">{181}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_135" id="plt_135"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 135</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_135.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_135.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CASTLE OF THE DUQUE DE ALTAMIRA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_182" id="page_182">{182}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_136" id="plt_136"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 136</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_136.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_136.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CASTLE AND MILL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_183" id="page_183">{183}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_137" id="plt_137"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 137</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_137.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_137.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: PALMS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_184" id="page_184">{184}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_138" id="plt_138"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 138</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_138.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_138.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: COUNTRY SPINNERS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_185" id="page_185">{185}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_139" id="plt_139"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 139</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_139.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_139.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: CASA DE LA HUERTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_186" id="page_186">{186}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_140" id="plt_140"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 140</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_140.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_140.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A COUNTRY ROAD</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_187" id="page_187">{187}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_141" id="plt_141"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 141</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_141.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_141.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A COUNTRY HOUSE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_188" id="page_188">{188}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_142" id="plt_142"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 142</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_142.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_142.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A COUNTRY HOUSE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_189" id="page_189">{189}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_143" id="plt_143"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 143</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_143.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_143.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A FAMOUS PALM</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_190" id="page_190">{190}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_144" id="plt_144"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 144</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_144.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_144.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A PALM CELEBRATED FOR ITS RESEMBLANCE TO A COLUMN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_191" id="page_191">{191}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_145" id="plt_145"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 145</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_145.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_145.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: PALM GROVES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_192" id="page_192">{192}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_146" id="plt_146"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 146</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_146.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_146.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ELCHE: A ROAD</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_193" id="page_193">{193}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_147" id="plt_147"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 147</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_147.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_147.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">SAX: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_194" id="page_194">{194}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_148" id="plt_148"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 148</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_148.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_148.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_195" id="page_195">{195}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_149" id="plt_149"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 149</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_149.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_149.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: VIEW FROM THE TOWER OF THE CATHEDRAL, TOWARDS THE SOUTH</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_196" id="page_196">{196}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_150" id="plt_150"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 150</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_150.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_150.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_197" id="page_197">{197}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_151" id="plt_151"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 151</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_151.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_151.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_198" id="page_198">{198}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_152" id="plt_152"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 152</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_152.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_152.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_199" id="page_199">{199}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_153" id="plt_153"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 153</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_153.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_153.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE TOWN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_200" id="page_200">{200}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_154" id="plt_154"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 154</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_154.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_154.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_201" id="page_201">{201}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_155" id="plt_155"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 155</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_155.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_155.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE BRIDGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_202" id="page_202">{202}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_156" id="plt_156"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 156</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_156.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_156.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE RIVER</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_203" id="page_203">{203}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_157" id="plt_157"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 157</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_157.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_157.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE BRIDGE OVER THE SEGURA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_204" id="page_204">{204}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_158" id="plt_158"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 158</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_158.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_158.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE RIVER SEGURA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_205" id="page_205">{205}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_159" id="plt_159"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 159</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_159.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_159.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE FAIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_206" id="page_206">{206}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_160" id="plt_160"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 160</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_160.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_160.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE FAIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_207" id="page_207">{207}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_161" id="plt_161"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 161</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_161.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_161.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE MARKET-PLACE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_208" id="page_208">{208}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_162" id="plt_162"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 162</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_162.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_162.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTO DOMINGO ON MARKET-DAY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_209" id="page_209">{209}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_163" id="plt_163"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 163</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_163.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_163.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PASEO DEL MALECON</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_210" id="page_210">{210}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_164" id="plt_164"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 164</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_164.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_164.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTA CATALINA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_211" id="page_211">{211}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_165" id="plt_165"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 165</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_165.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_165.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE TOROS, NOW PLAZA DE SAN AUGUSTIN</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_212" id="page_212">{212}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_166" id="plt_166"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 166</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_166.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_166.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PASEO DEL ARENAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_213" id="page_213">{213}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_167" id="plt_167"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 167</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_167.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_167.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE SAN PEDRO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_214" id="page_214">{214}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_168" id="plt_168"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 168</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_168.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_168.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PASEO DE FLORIDABLANCA AND PALACE OF THE EXHIBITION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_215" id="page_215">{215}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_169" id="plt_169"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 169</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_169.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_169.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE SANTA ISABELLA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_216" id="page_216">{216}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_170" id="plt_170"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 170</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_170.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_170.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CALLE DEL PUENTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_217" id="page_217">{217}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_171" id="plt_171"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 171</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_171.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_171.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE LA GLORIÉTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_218" id="page_218">{218}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_172" id="plt_172"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 172</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_172.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_172.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PLAZA DE LA GLORIÉTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_219" id="page_219">{219}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_173" id="plt_173"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 173</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_173.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_173.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_220" id="page_220">{220}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_174" id="plt_174"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 174</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_174.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_174.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_221" id="page_221">{221}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_175" id="plt_175"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 175</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_175.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_175.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PRINCIPAL FAÇADE OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_222" id="page_222">{222}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_176" id="plt_176"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 176</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_176.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_176.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: TOWER OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_223" id="page_223">{223}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_177" id="plt_177"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 177</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_177.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_177.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: SIDE DOOR OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_224" id="page_224">{224}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_178" id="plt_178"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 178</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_178.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_178.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: GATE OF THE APOSTLES</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_225" id="page_225">{225}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_179" id="plt_179"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 179</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_179.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_179.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_226" id="page_226">{226}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_180" id="plt_180"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 180</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_180.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_180.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE FAÇADE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_227" id="page_227">{227}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_181" id="plt_181"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 181</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_181.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_181.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: DETAIL OF THE CATHEDRAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_228" id="page_228">{228}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_182" id="plt_182"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 182</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_182.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_182.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: WINDOW OF THE BELFRY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_229" id="page_229">{229}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_183" id="plt_183"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 183</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_183.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_183.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: PRINCIPAL NAVE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_230" id="page_230">{230}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_184" id="plt_184"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 184</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_184.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_184.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: LATERAL NAVE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_231" id="page_231">{231}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_185" id="plt_185"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 185</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_185.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_185.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: BEHIND THE CHOIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_232" id="page_232">{232}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_186" id="plt_186"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 186</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_186.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_186.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: ENTRANCE TO THE CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_233" id="page_233">{233}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_187" id="plt_187"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 187</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_187.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_187.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: CHAPEL OF THE MARQUÉS DE LOS VELEZ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_234" id="page_234">{234}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_188" id="plt_188"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 188</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_188.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_188.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE HIGH ALTAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_235" id="page_235">{235}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_189" id="plt_189"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 189</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_189.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_189.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE HIGH ALTAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_236" id="page_236">{236}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_190" id="plt_190"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 190</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_190.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_190.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: GENERAL VIEW OF THE CHOIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_237" id="page_237">{237}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_191" id="plt_191"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 191</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_191.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_191.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE BISHOP’S THRONE, IN THE CHOIR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_238" id="page_238">{238}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_192" id="plt_192"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 192</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_192.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_192.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE CHOIR STALLS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_239" id="page_239">{239}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_193" id="plt_193"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 193</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_193.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_193.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: DETAIL OF THE CHOIR STALLS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_240" id="page_240">{240}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_194" id="plt_194"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 194</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_194.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_194.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: THE SACRISTY</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_241" id="page_241">{241}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_195" id="plt_195"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 195</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_195.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_195.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA CATHEDRAL: TOMB OF ALFONSO THE WISE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_242" id="page_242">{242}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_196" id="plt_196"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 196</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_196.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_196.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CHURCH OF SANTO DOMINGO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_243" id="page_243">{243}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_197" id="plt_197"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 197</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_197.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_197.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CHURCH OF SANTO DOMINGO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_244" id="page_244">{244}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_198" id="plt_198"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 198</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_198.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_198.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CHURCH OF SAN BARTOLOMÉ</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_245" id="page_245">{245}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_199" id="plt_199"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 199</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_199.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_199.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: FAÇADE OF THE CONVENT DE LA MISERICORDIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_246" id="page_246">{246}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_200" id="plt_200"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 200</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_200.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_200.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE VILLAFRANCA DE LOS VELEZ AND CONVENT OF SANTA CLARA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_247" id="page_247">{247}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_201" id="plt_201"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 201</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_201.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_201.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE EPISCOPAL PALACE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_248" id="page_248">{248}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_202" id="plt_202"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 202</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_202.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_202.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CASA HUERTA DE LAS BOMBAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_249" id="page_249">{249}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_203" id="plt_203"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 203</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_203.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_203.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ALMODOVAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_250" id="page_250">{250}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_204" id="plt_204"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 204</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_204.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_204.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PALACE OF THE BARON DE ALBALA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_251" id="page_251">{251}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_205" id="plt_205"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 205</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_205.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_205.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ESPINARDO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_252" id="page_252">{252}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_206" id="plt_206"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 206</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_206.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_206.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE “CONTRASTE”</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_253" id="page_253">{253}</a></span> +</p> +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_207" id="plt_207"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 207</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_207.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_207.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: MONUMENT TO SALZILLO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_254" id="page_254">{254}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_208" id="plt_208"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 208</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_208.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_208.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: ROMAN ALTAR DEDICATED TO PEACE, FOUND IN CARTHAGENA AND MOVED IN 1594 TO THE PALACE OF THE MARQUÉS DE ESPINARDO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_255" id="page_255">{255}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_209" id="plt_209"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 209</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_209.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_209.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: HOUSE IN THE CALLE JABONERIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_256" id="page_256">{256}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_210" id="plt_210"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 210</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_210.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_210.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: HOUSE OF THE PAINTER VILLASIS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_257" id="page_257">{257}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_211" id="plt_211"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 211</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_211.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_211.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: A BALCONY IN THE CALLE TRAPERIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_258" id="page_258">{258}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_212" id="plt_212"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 212</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_212.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_212.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PUERTA CADENAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_259" id="page_259">{259}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_213" id="plt_213"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 213</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_213.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_213.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: TEATRO DE ROMEA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_260" id="page_260">{260}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_214" id="plt_214"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 214</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_214.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_214.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE BULL RING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_261" id="page_261">{261}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_215" id="plt_215"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 215</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_215.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_215.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_262" id="page_262">{262}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_216" id="plt_216"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 216</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_216.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_216.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: THE TOWN HALL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_263" id="page_263">{263}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_217" id="plt_217"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 217</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_217.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_217.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PROCESSION LEAVING THE CHURCH OF JESUS IN HOLY WEEK ST. VERONICA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_264" id="page_264">{264}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_218" id="plt_218"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 218</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_218.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_218.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">PROCESSION LEAVING THE CHURCH OF JESUS IN HOLY WEEK—THE +KISS OF JUDAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_265" id="page_265">{265}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_219" id="plt_219"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 219</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_219.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_219.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. THE GARDEN OF GETHSEMANE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_266" id="page_266">{266}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_220" id="plt_220"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 220</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_220.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_220.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. OUR LORD FALLING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_267" id="page_267">{267}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_221" id="plt_221"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 221</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_221.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_221.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PROCESSION IN HOLY WEEK. THE SCOURGING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_268" id="page_268">{268}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_222" id="plt_222"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 222</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_222.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_222.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: CHURCH OF JESUS THE LAST SUPPER, BY ZARZILLO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_269" id="page_269">{269}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_223" id="plt_223"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 223</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_223.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_223.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PILGRIMAGE OF ST. BLAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_270" id="page_270">{270}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_224" id="plt_224"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 224</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_224.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_224.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: RUINS OF THE ARAB BATHS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_271" id="page_271">{271}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_225" id="plt_225"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 225</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_225.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_225.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: CONVENT OF SAN JERONIMO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_272" id="page_272">{272}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_226" id="plt_226"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 226</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_226.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_226.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_273" id="page_273">{273}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_227" id="plt_227"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 227</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_227.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_227.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_274" id="page_274">{274}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_228" id="plt_228"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 228</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_228.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_228.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: HERMITAGE OF THE FUENSANTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_275" id="page_275">{275}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_229" id="plt_229"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 229</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_229.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_229.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: CASTLE OF MONTEAGUDO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_276" id="page_276">{276}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_230" id="plt_230"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 230</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_230.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_230.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_277" id="page_277">{277}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_231" id="plt_231"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 231</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_231.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_231.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_278" id="page_278">{278}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_232" id="plt_232"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 232</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_232.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_232.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: PAISAJE DE LA HUERTA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_279" id="page_279">{279}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_233" id="plt_233"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 233</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_233.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_233.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: A CART LOADED WITH “TINAJAS”</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_280" id="page_280">{280}</a></span> +</p> +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_234" id="plt_234"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 234</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_234.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_234.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">MURCIA: HARVEST-TIME</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_281" id="page_281">{281}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_235" id="plt_235"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 235</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_235.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_235.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_282" id="page_282">{282}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_236" id="plt_236"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 236</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_236.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_236.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_283" id="page_283">{283}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_237" id="plt_237"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 237</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_237.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_237.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: VIEW FROM THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_284" id="page_284">{284}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_238" id="plt_238"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 238</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_238.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_238.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF MURCIA: THE HUERTA DES CAPUCINS, DATE-GATHERING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_285" id="page_285">{285}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_239" id="plt_239"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 239</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_239.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_239.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_286" id="page_286">{286}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_240" id="plt_240"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 240</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_240.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_240.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: GENERAL VIEW FROM THE PUERTA DE MURCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_287" id="page_287">{287}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_241" id="plt_241"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 241</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_241.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_241.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: THE RIVER SEGURA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_288" id="page_288">{288}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_242" id="plt_242"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 242</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_242.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_242.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: THE RIVER SEGURA FROM THE EAST</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_289" id="page_289">{289}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_243" id="plt_243"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 243</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_243.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_243.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ORIHUELA: DOOR OF THE CHURCH OF SANTIAGO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_290" id="page_290">{290}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_244" id="plt_244"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 244</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_244.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_244.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_291" id="page_291">{291}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_245" id="plt_245"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 245</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_245.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_245.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: A PARTIAL VIEW.</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_292" id="page_292">{292}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_246" id="plt_246"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 246</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_246.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_246.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE STATION</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_293" id="page_293">{293}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_247" id="plt_247"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 247</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_247.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_247.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE HIGH ROAD</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_294" id="page_294">{294}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_248" id="plt_248"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 248</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_248.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_248.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM QUITAPELLIJOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_295" id="page_295">{295}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_249" id="plt_249"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 249</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_249.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_249.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF ATALAYA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_296" id="page_296">{296}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_250" id="plt_250"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 250</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_250.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_250.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF ATALAYA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_297" id="page_297">{297}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_251" id="plt_251"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 251</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_251.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_251.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM ST. JOSEPH’S MILL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_298" id="page_298">{298}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_252" id="plt_252"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 252</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_252.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_252.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM ST. JOSEPH’S MILL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_299" id="page_299">{299}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_253" id="plt_253"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 253</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_253.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_253.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF GALERA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_300" id="page_300">{300}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_254" id="plt_254"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 254</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_254.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_254.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE FORT OF GALERA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_301" id="page_301">{301}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_255" id="plt_255"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 255</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_255.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_255.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW OF THE HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_302" id="page_302">{302}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_256" id="plt_256"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 256</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_256.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_256.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: SANTA LUCIA AND THE HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_303" id="page_303">{303}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_257" id="plt_257"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 257</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_257.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_257.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM SANTA LUCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_304" id="page_304">{304}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_258" id="plt_258"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 258</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_258.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_258.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM SANTA LUCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_305" id="page_305">{305}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_259" id="plt_259"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 259</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_259.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_259.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM THE POWDER MAGAZINE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_306" id="page_306">{306}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_260" id="plt_260"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 260</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_260.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_260.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE HARBOUR FROM TRINCABATIJOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_307" id="page_307">{307}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_261" id="plt_261"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 261</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_261.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_261.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: VIEW FROM THE ESPLANADERO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_308" id="page_308">{308}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_262" id="plt_262"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 262</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_262.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_262.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR FROM TRINCABATIJOS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_309" id="page_309">{309}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_263" id="plt_263"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 263</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_263.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_263.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE BREAKWATER</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_310" id="page_310">{310}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_264" id="plt_264"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 264</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_264.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_264.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: ENTRANCE TO THE HARBOUR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_311" id="page_311">{311}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_265" id="plt_265"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 265</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_265.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_265.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: ENTRANCE TO THE ARSENAL</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_312" id="page_312">{312}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_266" id="plt_266"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 266</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_266.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_266.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: PUERTA DEL MAR</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_313" id="page_313">{313}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_267" id="plt_267"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 267</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_267.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_267.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: PUERTA DE MURCIA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_314" id="page_314">{314}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_268" id="plt_268"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 268</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_268.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_268.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: PLAZA DE LAS MONJAS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_315" id="page_315">{315}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_269" id="plt_269"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 269</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_269.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_269.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE MARINE COLLEGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_316" id="page_316">{316}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_270" id="plt_270"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 270</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_270.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_270.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">CARTHAGENA: THE BULL-RING</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_317" id="page_317">{317}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_271" id="plt_271"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 271</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_271.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_271.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: THE BATHS, FROM LA SIERRA DE VERDELENA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_318" id="page_318">{318}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_272" id="plt_272"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 272</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_272.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_272.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE BATHS FROM THE WEST</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_319" id="page_319">{319}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_273" id="plt_273"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 273</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_273.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_273.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: GENERAL VIEW OF THE BATHS AT THE ENTRANCE TO THE VILLAGE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_320" id="page_320">{320}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_274" id="plt_274"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 274</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_274.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_274.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: ENTRANCE TO THE BATHS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_321" id="page_321">{321}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_275" id="plt_275"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 275</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_275.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_275.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: THE CARRETERA AND RIVER SEGURA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_322" id="page_322">{322}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_276" id="plt_276"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 276</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_276.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_276.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: VIEW OF THE CHURCH</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_323" id="page_323">{323}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_277" id="plt_277"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 277</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_277.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_277.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: INTERIOR OF THE CHURCH</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_324" id="page_324">{324}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_278" id="plt_278"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 278</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_278.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_278.jpg" +height="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ARCHENA: THE CHURCH: ALTAR OF THE “VIRGEN DE LA SALUD” +</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_325" id="page_325">{325}</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_279" id="plt_279"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 279</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_279.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_279.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF VILLANUEVA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_326" id="page_326">{326}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_280" id="plt_280"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 280</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_280.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_280.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF BLANCA FROM THE SALTO DEL PALOMO</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_327" id="page_327">{327}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_281" id="plt_281"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 281</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_281.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_281.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VIEW OF BLANCA FROM BUJAMENTE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_328" id="page_328">{328}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_282" id="plt_282"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 282</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_282.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_282.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE AND GARDENS OF ULEA FROM VILLANUEVA</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_329" id="page_329">{329}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_283" id="plt_283"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 283</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_283.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_283.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE AND GARDENS OF ULEA, EAST SIDE</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_330" id="page_330">{330}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_284" id="plt_284"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 284</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_284.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_284.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: VILLAGE OF OJOS AND MOUNTAINS</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_331" id="page_331">{331}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_285" id="plt_285"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 285</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_285.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_285.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: THE GARDENS OF OJOS, FROM THE LOVERS’ LEAP</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_332" id="page_332">{332}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_286" id="plt_286"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 286</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_286.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_286.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">ENVIRONS OF ARCHENA: THE LOVERS’ LEAP</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_333" id="page_333">{333}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_287" id="plt_287"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 287</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_287.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_287.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">LORCA: GENERAL VIEW</span></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_334" id="page_334">{334}</a></span> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<br /><a name="plt_288" id="plt_288"></a><br /> +<span class="caption1">Plate 288</span> +<br /><a href="images/plt_288.jpg"> +<img src="images/plt_288.jpg" +width="600" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /></a> +<br /><span class="caption">LORCA: VIEW FROM THE RAILWAY STATION</span></div> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Valencia and Murcia, by Albert F. 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