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diff --git a/old/62649-0.txt b/old/62649-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index ce03397..0000000 --- a/old/62649-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1780 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of History of the Seventy-Second Regiment of -the North Carolina Troops in the War Betw, by John Wetmore Hinsdale - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: History of the Seventy-Second Regiment of the North Carolina Troops in the War Between the States, 1861-'65 - -Author: John Wetmore Hinsdale - -Release Date: July 15, 2020 [EBook #62649] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORY OF 72ND REGIMENT, 1861-1865 *** - - - - -Produced by John Campbell and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}, for example 16^{th}. - - Some minor changes to the text are noted at the end of the book. - - - - -[Illustration: - - _Yours Truly - Jno. W. Hinsdale._ (author’s signature)] - - - - - HISTORY - - OF THE - - SEVENTY-SECOND REGIMENT - - OF THE - - NORTH CAROLINA TROOPS, - - IN THE - - WAR BETWEEN THE STATES, 1861-’65, - - BY - - COL. JOHN W. HINSDALE - - OF RALEIGH, N. C. - - - NASH BROTHERS, - BOOK AND JOB PRINTERS, - GOLDSBORO, N. C. - - - - - SEVENTY-SECOND REGIMENT. - - (THIRD JUNIOR RESERVES.) - - -It affords the writer pleasure to respond to the invitation -of Judge Walter Clark, himself a distinguished officer of the -boy-soldiers, to make a lasting memorial of the courage and heroism -of the brave and patriotic lads who composed the Third Regiment -of Junior Reserves, known since the war as the Seventy-second -Regiment of North Carolina Troops. It is to be regretted that the -task has not been performed at an earlier day, before the stirring -scenes in which these youths took so conspicuous a part have faded -into the dim outline of a shadowy dream. Some inaccuracies must -now necessarily creep into this sketch. The writer was Assistant -Adjutant-General of Lieutenant-General Theophilus H. Holmes, -who commanded the Reserves of North Carolina, and he has in his -possession many valuable records pertaining to that office, access -to which has been of great assistance in the preparation of this -regimental history. - -It is deemed not inappropriate here to narrate some things of a -general nature concerning the Reserves. - -The year 1863 closed with depression and gloom throughout our young -Confederacy. Missouri, Kentucky, Louisiana, Tennessee and the -Arkansas and Mississippi Valleys had been lost. Vicksburg, with -its ill-fated commander, had surrendered. Gettysburg, in spite of -the heroic efforts of Carolina’s best and bravest, had been turned -by Longstreet’s default into a Union victory. All of our ports had -been blockaded. Sherman with his army of bummers, was preparing -for his infamous march through Georgia and the Carolinas, in which -he emulated the atrocities of the Duke of Alva, proclaiming as his -excuse that “War is hell,” and violating, with fire and sword, -every principle of civilized warfare. Grant had been placed in -command of all the Union armies and was preparing to take personal -charge of a campaign of attrition against the Army of Northern -Virginia, willing to swap five for one in battle, if need be, in -order to exhaust his straitened adversary--a process by which with -his unlimited resources of men, he knew he was bound to win in the -end. - -It was in such dire distress that the Confederate Congress 17 -February, 1864, aroused to a full sense of the magnitude of the -struggle, and recognizing the necessity for putting forth our whole -strength in the contest for Southern independence, passed an act -for the enrollment of the Junior and Senior Reserves--the former, -lads between 17 and 18 years--the latter, old men, between 45 and -50 years--thus, in the language of President Davis, “robbing the -cradle and the grave.” - -Lieutenant-General T. H. Holmes was entrusted by President Davis -with the organization of the reserve forces in North Carolina. -General Holmes was the son of Governor Gabriel Holmes. He graduated -at West Point in 1829, and was assigned to duty with the Seventh -Regiment of Infantry. With this regiment he served with distinction -in the Seminole War and also in the Mexican War, in which he was -brevetted Major for conspicuous gallantry at Monterey. With his -keen sense of honor, pure Christian character, devotion to duty and -utter forgetfulness of self, he was fit to be a companion of the -knights who sat at King Arthur’s round table. A true son of the Old -North State, he had promptly responded to her call, and resigning -a Major’s commission in the United States Army, had been appointed -by the President first Colonel, then Brigadier, then Major-General -and finally Lieutenant-General. As courageous as a lion, he was -as gentle as a woman. At the battle of Helena, Arkansas, amid a -storm of shot and shell, with a coolness which the writer has -never seen surpassed, he rode into Graveyard Hill, upon which was -concentrated the fire at short range of fifty cannon and five -thousand muskets. It was a daring and fearless ride. Like General -Pettigrew, he was one of the few men who declined promotion. Well -does the writer remember the receipt by General Holmes, when -commanding the Trans-Mississippi Department in Little Rock, of -a Lieutenant-General’s commission, all unsought and unexpected. -He at once dictated a letter to the President, declining with -grateful thanks the high honor and requesting him to bestow it upon -a worthier man. It was only upon Mr. Davis’ insistence that the -promotion was afterwards accepted. - -Mr. Davis in his “Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government,” -says of him: - - “He has passed beyond the reach of censure or of praise, after - serving his country on many fields wisely and well. I, who knew - him from our school boy days, who served with him in garrison - and in the field, and with pride watched him as he gallantly - led a storming party up the rocky height at Monterey, and was - intimately acquainted with his whole career during our sectional - war, bear willing testimony to the purity, self abnegation, - generosity, fidelity and gallantry which characterized him as a - man and as a soldier.” - -A truer, braver, purer heart never beat under the Confederate gray. - -General Holmes on 28 April, 1864, established his headquarters at -Raleigh, N. C., and undertook the task of organizing the Reserves -of the State. His staff consisted of:-- - - Lieutenant-Colonel Frank S. Armistead, a graduate of West Point, - as Inspector-General. He was later elected Colonel of the First - Regiment of Junior Reserves and was afterwards assigned to the - command of the Junior Reserves brigade consisting of the first - three regiments. He was recommended by General Holmes for the - appointment of Brigadier-General in terms of high praise. - - Captain John W. Hinsdale, as Assistant Adjutant-General, who had - served in this capacity on the staffs of Generals J. Johnston - Pettigrew at Seven Pines, and William D. Pender, through the - Seven Days’ Fight around Richmond, and also with General Holmes - in the Trans-Mississippi. - - First Lieutenants Charles W. Broadfoot and Theophilus H. Holmes, - Jr., Aides-de-Camp. The latter, a mere boy, soon afterwards gave - his young life to his country while gallantly leading a cavalry - charge near Ashland, Virginia. The former, a member of the Bethel - Regiment, rose from private to Lieutenant-Colonel of the First - Junior Reserves, and is now the first lawyer of the upper Cape - Fear. - - First Lieutenant Graham Daves, appointed Aide-de-Camp after the - death of young Holmes and the promotion of Lieutenant Broadfoot. - He was a brave and efficient officer of scholarly attainments and - high integrity. - - A. W. Lawrence, of Raleigh, Ordnance Officer. - - Major Charles S. Stringfellow, now one of Richmond’s most - distinguished lawyers, succeeded Captain Hinsdale as Assistant - Adjutant-General upon the latter’s promotion to the Colonelcy of - the Third regiment of Junior Reserves. - -A roster in the writer’s possession shows that the Medical -Department of the Reserves was organized as follows: - - Dr. Thomas Hill, now an eminent physician of Goldsboro, North - Carolina, Medical Director. - - Dr. G. G. Smith, Assistant Surgeon of the First Regiment of - Junior Reserves. - - Dr. A. W. Eskridge, Assistant Surgeon of the Second Regiment of - Junior Reserves. - - Dr. E. B. Simpson, Assistant Surgeon of the Third Regiment of - Junior Reserves. - - First Lieutenant J. M. Strong, Assistant Surgeon of the Fourth - Regiment of Senior Reserves. - - Dr. W. L. Glass, Assistant Surgeon of the Fifth Regiment of - Senior Reserves. - - Dr. A. W. Nesbitt, Assistant Surgeon of the Sixth Regiment of - Senior Reserves. - - Dr. David Berry, Assistant Surgeon of the Eighth Regiment of - Senior Reserves. - - Dr. G. H. Cox, Assistant Surgeon of the Eighth Regiment of Senior - Reserves. - - Dr. James S. Robinson, Assistant Surgeon of the Second Battalion - of Senior Reserves. - - - ORGANIZATION OF REGIMENT. - -The Third Regiment of Junior Reserves was formed 3 January, 1865, -by the consolidation of the Fourth Battalion, commanded by Major J. -M. Reece; the Seventh Battalion, commanded by Major W. F. French; -and the Eighth Battalion, commanded by Major J. B. Ellington. It is -proper, therefore, to give an account of their services as separate -organizations. - - - THE FOURTH BATTALION. - -The Fourth Battalion, four hundred strong, was organized at Camp -Holmes, near Raleigh, N. C., on 30 May, 1864, by the election of -J. M. Reece, of Greensboro, Major; John S. Pescud, of Raleigh, -was appointed Adjutant. Pescud was a brave, true-hearted lad, and -is now an honored citizen of Raleigh. The battalion was sent to -Goldsboro 2 June. It was composed of the following companies: - - COMPANY A--_From Guilford County_--John W. Pitts, Captain; J. - N. Crouch, First Lieutenant; T. A. Parsons and George M. Glass, - Second Lieutenants. - - Upon the resignation of all the company officers, W. W. King was - elected First Lieutenant and Davis S. Reid Second Lieutenant. The - former was in command of the company at Fort Fisher, Kinston and - Bentonville. He also acted as Regimental Adjutant for a time, - when D. S. Reid commanded the company. Both of these officers - were intelligent, brave and efficient. - - COMPANY B--_From Alamance and Forsyth Counties_--A. L. Lancaster, - Captain; A. M. Craig, First Lieutenant; William May and C. B. - Pfohl, Second Lieutenants. - - COMPANY C--_From Stokes and Person Counties_--R. F. Dalton, - Captain; G. Mason, First Lieutenant; G. W. Yancey and J. H. - Schackelford, Second Lieutenants. - - COMPANY D--_From Rockingham_--A. B. Ellington, Captain; J. P. - Ellington, First Lieutenant; F. M. Hamlin and William Fewell, - Second Lieutenants. This company was added to the Battalion 15 - June. Captain Ellington was promoted to the Majority when the - regiment was formed. - -Lieutenant J. P. Ellington in July, 1864, was drowned in Masonboro -Sound, while in the discharge of his duty as officer of the day, -visiting the pickets on the beach. His body was recovered by -exploding torpedoes in the sound. - -Lieutenant F. M. Hamlin was promoted to the First Lieutenancy and -commanded the company until he was made Adjutant of the regiment. - -The battalion soon after its organization was ordered to Goldsboro -to report to Brigadier-General L. S. Baker, commanding the district -of Southern Virginia and Eastern North Carolina. It was sent -thence to Kinston and there did guard and picket duty. On 15 June -it was ordered to report to Lieutenant-Colonel Frank S. Armistead -at Weldon. He had been placed in command of the defences at that -point. On 26 June the battalion was ordered to report to General W. -H. C. Whiting, at Wilmington, the only remaining blockade-running -port of the Confederacy. The battalion thereupon was stationed at -Camp Davis near Wilmington, on Masonboro Sound, under command of -Colonel George Jackson, an efficient officer, and did picket and -guard duty on the sound and the beach to prevent the landing of the -enemy, the escape of slaves to the blockaders and all communication -with the passing vessels. It was here that young Ellington, of -Company D, lost his life, crossing the Sound in a storm while on -his rounds as officer of the day. He was a zealous and capable -officer. The salt works, from which large supplies of salt were -obtained for the army, were in the vicinity of this camp, and were -guarded by the battalion. - -From Camp Davis the battalion moved to Sugar Loaf, on the Cape -Fear River, about fifteen miles below Wilmington, six miles above -Fort Fisher and one mile from the ocean, where it drilled and did -guard and picket duty. “Sugar Loaf” is a singular formation. It -is a high sand hill running from the river bank half way across -the peninsula, steep on the exterior, but sloping on all sides to -a basin in the centre. It is a natural fortification, which the -engineering skill of General Whiting, by fosse and rampart, had -converted into an almost impregnable intrenched camp, containing -perhaps one hundred acres. - -On 9 December, 1864, the battalion went from Sugar Loaf to -Belfield, Virginia, in company with the Seventh and Eighth -Battalions. Its future movements will be described in connection -with the other two battalions. - - - THE SEVENTH BATTALION. - -The Seventh Battalion, 300 strong, was organized at Camp Lamb, -near Wilmington, in June, 1864, by the election of W. F. French, -of Lumberton, Major, and E. F. McDaniel, of Fayetteville, was -appointed Adjutant. This battalion was composed of the following -companies: - - COMPANY A--_From Cumberland, Robeson and Harnett Counties_--T. G. - Hybart, Captain; D. S. Byrd, First Lieutenant; C. C. McLellan and - C. S. Love, Jr., Second Lieutenants. - - Upon the death of Captain Hybert, on 9 September, D. S. Byrd was - promoted to the Captaincy. - - COMPANY B--_From New Hanover, Brunswick and Columbus - Counties_--John D. Kerr, Captain; J. B. Williams, First - Lieutenant; E. H. Moore and B. F. Gore, Second Lieutenants. - - COMPANY C--_From Richmond County_--Donald McQueen, Captain; A. B. - McCollum, First Lieutenant; A. C. McFadyen and S. A. Barfield, - Second Lieutenants. - -The battalion did guard duty at Wilmington until the middle of -July. Here Captain Donald McQueen died of typhoid fever on 25 -June. He was a fine soldier, an honor to his name and his cause. -Lieutenant McCollum succeeded him in command of the company. - -On the night of 3 July, 1864, Lieutenant Cushing, of the Federal -Navy (the same who blew up the Confederate ram “Albemarle” at -Plymouth), with a few detailed men, entered the Confederate -headquarters at Smithville (now Southport) and carried off General -Paul O. Hebert’s Adjutant-General to the Federal fleet. Thereafter -the Seventh Battalion was ordered from Wilmington to Smithville for -its protection. It camped in a beautiful grove of live oaks back of -the town. Here it did its full share of guard and picket duty under -the command of General Hebert, an old officer who had served with -distinction in Mexico and had been Governor of Louisiana. It was -here that Captain T. G. Hybart, of Fayetteville, was stricken with -typhoid fever and died 9 September, 1864. He was one of the best -officers in the command, and had he lived and the war continued, -would have made his mark. The battalion remained at Smithville -until 9 December when, with the Fourth and Eighth Battalions, all -under Colonel Jackson, it moved to Belfield, Virginia, to repel a -Federal raid. - - - THE EIGHTH BATTALION. - -The Eighth Battalion, three hundred strong, was organized at Camp -Vance, near Morganton, N. C., on 7 June, by the election of James -B. Ellington (First Lieutenant of Company D, Sixty-first North -Carolina Regiment), as Major. It was composed of the following -companies: - - COMPANY A--_From Iredell County_--W. G. Watson, Captain; George - Rufus White, First Lieutenant; Amos M. Guy and Sinclair Preston - Steele, Second Lieutenants. - - Captain Watson resigned in January, 1865, for the purpose of - joining a cavalry regiment in Lee’s army. He returned home to - procure his outfit for the service, but was captured by Stoneman - and sent to prison in Louisville, Ky. He is now the excellent and - popular clerk of the Superior Court of Rowan County. Upon his - resignation, Lieutenant White was promoted to the Captaincy. - - COMPANY B--_From Catawba_--J. R. Gaither, Captain; J. M. - Lawrence, First Lieutenant, (both captured at Fort Fisher); - Charles Wilfong and J. M. Bandy, Second Lieutenants. - - Lieutenant Wilfong resigned after the battle of Kinston, and - Lieutenant Bandy thereafter until the surrender, commanded the - company. He made a fine officer. After the war he was for a - number of years a professor in Trinity College. He now resides - in Greensboro, where as a civil engineer he ranks high in - his profession. Sergeant James M. Barkley was elected Second - Lieutenant and F. H. Busbee Junior Second Lieutenant. Both of - them were excellent officers. Lieutenant Barkley is now an - able and eminent minister of the gospel in Detroit, Mich. I am - indebted to him for many data which I have incorporated into this - sketch. Lieutenant Busbee is now one of the first lawyers of the - State--a brilliant advocate and a wise and learned counsellor. - - COMPANY C--_From Burke and Caldwell Counties_--Lambert A. - Bristol, Captain; Marcus G. Tuttle, First Lieutenant; George T. - Dula and Horace W. Connelly, Second Lieutenants. Captain Bristol - is now the worthy Clerk of the Superior Court of Burke County. - -George T. Dula resigned and John W. Harper was elected Junior -Second Lieutenant. He soon thereafter laid down his young life on -his country’s altar. He was killed at the battle of Kinston. - -The battalion remained for some days at Camp Vance and was drilled -by Lieutenant Bullock, a drill master. On 24 June, it was ordered -to Raleigh and at Camp Holmes was uniformed and equipped with small -rifles, which were very inferior and quite dangerous--to the “man -behind the gun.” - -On 26 June the battalion was ordered to Wilmington. It went into -camp at Camp Davis. It afterwards did picket and patrol duty on -Masonboro and Wrightsville Sounds under Colonel George Jackson. -On 4 August it was ordered to report to General L. S. Baker, at -Goldsboro, but returned to Wilmington 16 August and was again -placed under Colonel Jackson’s command at Masonboro Sound. - -On 2 September, under orders from the War Department, Major -Ellington, who when elected Major was disabled from active service -by wounds, and who afterwards recovered, was relieved of his -command and sent to his company near Petersburg, Virginia. He was -soon afterwards killed at Fort Harrison, Virginia. Major Ellington -was a gallant officer and much beloved by the boys. It was a -mistake to have relieved him. General Holmes afterwards secured a -ruling of the War Department by which the officers of the Junior -Reserves after they reached the age of 18, were retained with their -commands. But the privates and non-commissioned officers were still -required to be sent to General Lee as fast as they became eighteen -years old. - -Captain William G. Watson succeeded Major Ellington in the command -of the battalion. In the fall, the battalion was ordered to -Sugar Loaf, on the Cape Fear river, where for several months it -did picket duty, drilled, etc. On 10 December it was ordered to -Belfield, Va., under Colonel Jackson. Its further career will be -traced in connection with the Fourth and Seventh Battalions from -which it never after separated until Johnston’s surrender. - - - BELFIELD, VA. - -On 8 December, 1864, General Whiting was notified by General Lee -that the Fifth and Second Corps of Grant’s army, with Bragg’s -Division of Cavalry, were moving under General Warren upon Weldon, -and that they were near Belfield and that Hill and Hampton were -following them. One object of this raid was to destroy the railroad -bridge at Weldon and thus cut off supplies for Lee’s army from -that direction. General Whiting at once ordered Colonel George -Jackson to proceed with the Fourth, Seventh, Eighth and Ninth -Battalions of Junior Reserves and four pieces of Paris’ Artillery -with three days’ cooked rations, to Weldon, and there report for -temporary service to General Leventhorpe, commanding. The latter, -an Englishman by birth, was the first Colonel of the Thirty-fourth -and then of the Eleventh North Carolina Regiments, and had done -splendid service in clearing the enemy from the Roanoke river and -in defending the Wilmington & Weldon Railway. - -The four battalions assembled in Wilmington from Sugar Loaf and -Smithville. Through the efforts of Major French, the troops were -here shod. They were placed on flat cars and thus exposed, were -transported to Weldon. The weather was intensely cold. More than -once the train had to be stopped, fires made in the woods and some -of the boys lifted from the train and carried to the fires and -thawed out. Many went to sleep in their wet clothes to find them -frozen stiff upon awakening. This suffering was undergone without a -murmur. The old guard of Napoleon on the retreat from Moscow, never -displayed more heroism and fortitude than did the boy-soldiers--the -“Young Guard of the Confederacy.” - -Under the law, the reserves could not be required to cross their -State lines, but without hesitation and without an exception, the -brave boys at Weldon hurried on to Belfield, Virginia, there to -meet the invading foe. The Federals withdrew, leaving their dead -unburied, after a sharp fire and repulse from the reserves who had -just reached the battlefield, and the latter joined in the pursuit -across the Meherrin river at Hicks’ Ford. On 17 December, 1864, -the General Assembly of North Carolina, recognizing their heroism, -passed the following resolutions: - - “WHEREAS, The Legislature has heard with satisfaction of the - good conduct of the officers and soldiers of the Junior Reserves - and Home Guards, who volunteered to cross the State line into - Virginia, in order to repel the late advance of the public enemy - on Weldon; therefore, - - “_Resolved_, That the officers and soldiers of the Junior - Reserves and Home Guards, so acting, deserve the commendation of - their fellow citizens, and are entitled to the thanks of this - Legislature.” - - “_Resolved_, That a copy of these proceedings be transmitted to - Lieutenant-General Holmes and Major-General R. C. Gatlin, that it - may be communicated to the commands which they are intended to - honor.” - -From Belfield the four battalions, together with the First and -Second Regiments of Junior Reserves, were ordered, under Colonel -Leventhorpe, to Tarboro to repel a Federal raid from Washington, -N. C. The command moved to Hamilton, some miles below Tarboro. -The enemy retired upon the advance of the Confederate troops. The -battalions remained there a day or two and returned to Tarboro. The -troops camped about a mile northeast of the town for several days. -The boys were without overcoats, tents or tent flies, and lay upon -the bare ground in the rain and sleet and snow. Many of them were -frost bitten. A good old farmer along side of whose fence the boys -camped on the first night of their stay, kindly gave them leave -to start their fires by using the top rail of his fence. When he -came back next morning there was not a rail to be seen. When he -protested with some warmth, saying that they had taken more than he -had given them leave to take, one wag said: “No, sir; as long as -there was a top rail, we had your permission to burn it. We never -took any but the top rail.” The old man laughed good naturedly and -left. - -The severity of the experience of the Reserves on the Belfield -expedition may be realized when it is stated that although they -had been in camp over six months and had been somewhat enured to -a soldier’s life, over one-half of them were sent to the hospital -when the battalions returned to Wilmington. - -The command was marched from Tarboro to Goldsboro and by train was -conveyed to Wilmington, and thence back to Sugar Loaf. There they -remained under the command of General W. W. Kirkland until the -battle of Fort Fisher. This officer was a splendid fighter and a -superb soldier. He was Colonel of the Twenty-first North Carolina -Regiment, and afterwards commanded Early’s Brigade, Pettigrew’s -Division. He had taken part in many of the desperate battles of -Virginia and had been twice severely wounded. He was transferred -to Wilmington late in December and established his headquarters at -Sugar Loaf. - - - FIRST ATTACK ON FORT FISHER. - -The three battalions composing the Third Regiment of Junior -Reserves participated brilliantly in the defence of Fort Fisher, -when attacked by General B. F. Butler and Admiral Porter on 23, 24 -and 25 December, 1864. - -Fort Fisher was located on the point of a narrow peninsula which -extends southwardly from New Inlet between the ocean and Cape Fear -river, near its mouth. It defended Wilmington, the last remaining -port through which army supplies, ammunition, clothing and food -for Lee’s Army were brought in by blockade runners. Under its -guns, the “Ad-Vance” brought in supplies of inestimable value to -the North Carolina troops. Its defence was of supreme importance -to the Confederacy. It was an earthen fort of an irregular form, -with bastions at the angles. The land face, 250 yards long, was -continuous from ocean to river. The sea face was 1,300 yards -long. Both faces were mounted with heavy guns, mortars and light -artillery, presenting a formidable front to the enemy. It was -the strongest earthwork built by the Confederacy, and really, as -Admiral Porter said, “stronger than the Malakoff tower which defied -so long the combined power of France and England.” Two miles above -the fort were the Half Moon and the Flag Pond Batteries, and a -mile and a quarter below, and at the extreme end of the peninsula, -Battery Buchanan with four heavy guns. - -When Butler’s expedition of 8,000 men set forth against it, the -fort was garrisoned by only 667 men--a totally inadequate force -for its defence. General Butler, with General Weitzel and his -troops, appeared in transports off New Inlet, near Fort Fisher, on -15 December. The navy under Admiral Porter, did not appear until -the 18th. He had collected the largest and most formidable naval -expedition of modern times. The weather being stormy, prevented any -hostile operations until the 23d. On the night of the 23d, Admiral -Porter anchored a powder ship, containing 215 tons of powder, -about 800 yards from the northeast salient of the fort. It was -anticipated that the explosion of this mass of powder would greatly -impair, if not destroy, the works, and the least effect expected -was that the garrison would be so paralyzed and stunned as to offer -but small resistance to subsequent attacks. The explosion did no -more harm than a Chinese fire-cracker. Colonel William Lamb, then -in command of the fort, wired General Whiting at Wilmington that -one of the enemy’s fleet had blown up, so little impression did it -make on him. - -General Benjamin F. Butler, of New Orleans fame, in his -autobiography, gives an amusing account of an interview with Major -Reece, who commanded the Fourth Battalion of Junior Reserves and -was captured at Fort Fisher. Butler says: “I inquired of him where -he was the night before last (the night of the explosion of the -powder boat). He said he was lying two miles and a half up the -beach. I asked him if he had heard the powder vessel explode. He -said he did not know what it was, but supposed a boat had blown -up, _that it jumped him and his men_ who were lying upon the -ground, like pop-corn in a popper, to use his expression.” It is -hard to tell which most to admire, Butler’s gullibility or Reece’s -“jollying” extravagance. - -The next day, 24 December, was employed by Porter in bombarding the -fort, dropping into it as many as 130 shells a minute. At this time -the three battalions of Junior Reserves, about 800 strong, were -encamped near Sugar Loaf, six miles up the Cape Fear river from the -fort. On the night of the 24th, the Fourth, Seventh and Eighth -battalions were assembled at Sugar Loaf under Brigadier-General -William W. Kirkland. Major French had been temporarily assigned to -the command of a regiment of Senior Reserves, but at his request -was permitted to return to his own command and follow its fortunes. -General Whiting directed General Kirkland to send these battalions -to Battery Buchanan, there to take boat for Bald Head and relieve -Colonel J. J. Hedrick and his seasoned veterans, in order that -they might reinforce Fort Fisher. They marched soon after midnight -through Fort Fisher to Battery Buchanan, on the extreme end of -the peninsula. In the darkness, many of the boys while passing -through the fort, stumbled into the holes which were made in -every direction by the shells. All the battalions arrived at Fort -Buchanan before day. The boat which was to carry them to Bald Head -could not make a landing on account of the tide, whereupon Captain -Bristol early in the morning reported in person the situation to -Colonel Lamb, who ordered the Juniors into the Fort. This was early -Christmas morning. - -Between Fort Buchanan and Fort Fisher is a clear, open beach, upon -which a partridge could not hide himself, over which they must -pass in full view of the fleet. As soon as the march began the -fleet poured upon the command a terrific discharge of shot and -shell. The first one killed at Fort Fisher was private Davis, of -French’s Battalion of Juniors, who on this march was cut in two by -a large shell. Another private was severely wounded by the same -shell. Nothing but the poor practice of the fleet saved the boys -from utter destruction on this perilous march. When they reached -Fort Fisher a scene of desolation met their gaze. The barracks -had been destroyed and the interior of the fort was honeycombed -by holes in the ground large enough to bury an ox team, made by -the huge shells from the fleet. French’s battalion and as many of -the others as could be accommodated, were placed in the already -over-crowded bomb-proofs. Those who could not obtain protection -here were carried by Major Reece to the breastworks at Camp Wyatt, -three miles above the fort. The gunboats soon discovered their -presence there and enfiladed the trenches with a terrific fire. -The boys sought shelter under the banks of the river, where they -spent the day listening to the music of the great guns of the fleet -and watching the great shells as they passed over them into the -river--a grand, but not a very engaging spectacle. - -It was dark when Major Reece determined to take his command back -to the fort. Late in the afternoon he heard the report of small -arms in the direction of the fort. He knew that a land force was -attacking the fort, and he felt that it was his duty to take his -boys to the rescue. He marched them down the river towards the -fort but unfortunately he failed to put out a skirmish line and -fell upon a regiment of General Weitzel’s troops by whom he and a -majority of his command were captured and carried to Point Lookout. -The following is a list of the officers who were taken prisoners: - - Major J. M. Reece, Captain J. R. Gaither, First Lieutenant J. M. - Lawrence, of Company B, Eighth Battalion; First Lieutenant M. G. - Tuttle, Company C, Eighth Battalion; Second Lieutenant George - W. Yancey, Company C, Fourth Battalion; Second Lieutenant C. P. - Pfohl, Company C, Fourth Battalion. Those officers who escaped - were Captain A. L. Lancaster, Company B, Fourth Battalion; - First Lieutenant G. R. White, Company A, Eighth Battalion; - Second Lieutenant Amos Guy, Company A, Eighth Battalion; Third - Lieutenant S. P. Steele, Company A, Eighth Battalion. - -First Lieutenant F. M. Hamlin, Company D, Fourth Battalion, a brave -young subaltern, led part of his company up the river and escaped -capture. They found their way to Kirkland’s Brigade at Sugar Loaf -and rejoined their command at the fort next day. - -The fleet bombarded the fort until 12 o’clock Christmas day, when -Butler landed 2,500 troops near the Half Moon Battery, about two -miles north of Fisher. He immediately pushed up Curtis’ Brigade -within a few hundred yards of the parapet of the fort. A skirmish -line was then advanced to within seventy-five yards of the fort. -Upon the approach of the enemy, the Junior Reserves sprang to the -parapet of the land face which was swept by the guns of the fleet, -and by a well-directed fire, delivered with a coolness which could -not be excelled, they repelled the attack. One little fellow from -Columbus County, whose name is not remembered, being too small to -shoot over the parapet, mounted a cannon and fired from there as -coolly as if he were shooting squirrels, until he fell wounded. -About dusk the Reserves were ordered to the palisades in front of -the parapet and immediately under the guns of the fort, where they -remained till morning. The guns of the fort were discharged over -their heads. The rain was descending in torrents. That night the -Federals re-embarked most of their men. - -General Whiting in his report says: “Colonel Tansill was ordered -to the command of the land front. The gallant Major Reilly, with -his battalion and Junior Reserves, poured cheering, over the -parapet and through the sallyport to the palisades. The enemy had -occupied the redoubt (an unfinished fort) and advanced into the -port garden. A fire of grape and musketry checked any further -advance. The garrison continued to man the out-works and channel -batteries throughout the night, exposed to a pelting storm and -occasionally exchanging musket shots with the enemy. The fire -had been maintained for seven hours and a half with unremitting -rapidity.” - -Colonel William Lamb, the hero of Fort Fisher, who, under General -Whiting, commanded the troops, in his report says: “At 4:30 p. -m., 25 December, a most terrific fire against the land face and -palisades in front commenced, unparalleled in severity. Admiral -Porter estimated it at 130 shot and shell per minute. The parapet -and the guns were manned by regulars and the Junior Reserves. - -“During the night the rain fell in torrents, wetting the troops and -their arms, but it did not dampen their spirits nor interfere with -their efficiency. * * * - -“On Tuesday morning the foiled and frightened enemy left our -shores. I cannot speak too highly of the coolness and gallantry of -my command.” - -Colonel Lamb at another time said: “Be it said to the eternal -credit of these gallant boys that they, from this first baptism of -fire, emerged with a reputation for bravery established for all -time, and that to no troops more than these is due the honor of our -splendid victory.” - -[Illustration: SEVENTY-SECOND REGIMENT. - - 1. John W. Hinsdale, Colonel. - 2. W. Foster French, Lieut-Colonel. - 3. W. W. King, 1st Lieut., Co. A. - 4. Jno. W. Harper, 2d Lieut., Co. C. - 5. H. W. Connelly, 2d Lieut., Co. C. - 6. J. M. Bandy, 2d Lieut., Co. E. - 7. D. S. Reid, 2d Lieut., Co. K. - 8. C. W. Taylor, Orderly Sergt., Co. C. - 9. J. L. McGimpsey, Private, Co. B.] - -The troops were complimented in general orders by General Bragg -for their heroism and gallantry. The heaviest loss suffered by any -one command in the fort was by the Junior Reserves. Thus ended the -first glorious defence of Fort Fisher. - -When the news was flashed to Raleigh that Butler’s ships had -appeared off Fort Fisher, Lieutenant-General Holmes promptly -tendered his services to assist in repelling the threatened -attack and was assigned to duty by General Bragg in the city of -Wilmington, where he was put in charge of the movement of troops -at that point. The writer who accompanied General Holmes as his -Adjutant-General, unfortunately did not participate in the battle -of Fort Fisher. He is indebted to Lieutenant-Colonel French for -most of the foregoing details. - -On 26 December, the reserves were moved to camp on Bald Head -Island, where they remained on guard and picket duty for several -days when they were ordered to Camp McLean, at Goldsboro, N. C. - -On 6 December, there had been an attempted consolidation of these -three battalions near Sugar Loaf, when Captain William R. Johns was -elected Colonel; Captain C. N. Allen, Lieutenant-Colonel; and A. B. -Johns, Major. Captain W. R. Johns, a disabled officer, was then in -the enrollment service under Colonel Peter Mallett, the Commandant -of Conscripts of North Carolina, and being unable to undergo the -hardships and exposure of camp life, declined the election. Captain -Allen, the Lieutenant-Colonel, declined for the same reason. Major -Johns was never assigned and never entered upon the discharge of -the duties of Major and so the battalions continued to serve under -separate organizations. Major Johns afterwards formally tendered -his resignation, which was accepted. - - -ORGANIZATION. - -On 3 January, 1865, while the regiment was at Camp McLean, near -Goldsboro, it was finally organized by the election of Captain John -W. Hinsdale, Colonel; W. F. French, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Captain -A. B. Ellington, Major. On 7 January the last two were assigned -to duty. Frank M. Hamlin, one of the gallant young officers who -refused to surrender with Major Reece, was appointed Adjutant. -But from time to time Lieutenants W. W. King, Andrew J. Burton -and Frank S. Johnson, son of Senator R. W. Johnson, of Arkansas, -who had shortly theretofore left the University of North Carolina -and volunteered in the Third Regiment, acted as Adjutant. J. K. -Huston was appointed Quartermaster Sergeant, and George B. Haigh, -of Fayetteville, grandson of the Hon. George E. Badger, Commissary -Sergeant. Drs. E. B. Simpson and J. S. Robinson were assigned to -the regiment as Surgeon and Assistant Surgeon. - -The companies composing the regiment were then lettered and -designated as follows: - - COMPANY A--_From Guilford County_--Captain, John W. Pitts. - - COMPANY B--_From Alamance and Forsyth Counties_--Captain, A. L. - Lancaster. - - COMPANY C--_From Stokes and Person Counties_--Captain, R. F. - Dalton. - - COMPANY D--_From New Hanover, Brunswick and Columbus - Counties_--Captain, John D. Kerr. - - COMPANY E--_From Catawba County_--Captain, J. R. Gaither. - - COMPANY F--_From Iredell and Rowan Counties_--Captain, W. G. - Watson. - - COMPANY G--_From Burke and Caldwell Counties_--Captain, L. A. - Bristol. - - COMPANY H--_From Cumberland, Robeson and Harnett - Counties_--Captain, D. S. Byrd. - - COMPANY I--_From Richmond County_--Captain, A. B. McCollum. - - COMPANY K--_From Rockingham County_--Lieutenant, F. M. Hamlin. - -Colonel Hinsdale, upon receiving notice in the city of Raleigh -of his election, at once signified his acceptance, but it was -questioned by General Holmes whether he was eligible under the -orders of the War Department, by reason of the fact that he was not -a disabled officer. The matter was referred to the authorities in -Richmond and after considerable delay the department decided in -Colonel Hinsdale’s favor and he was assigned to the command of the -regiment on 14 February, 1865, by the following all too partial -general order: - - “HEADQUARTERS RESERVES NORTH CAROLINA, - RALEIGH, N. C., 14 February, 1865. - - _General Orders No. 4._ - - “Major C. S. Stringfellow, Assistant Adjutant-General - C. S. P. A., will relieve Captain John W. Hinsdale, - Assistant-Adjutant-General of Reserves of North Carolina, and the - latter officer will proceed to join the Third Regiment Reserves - of North Carolina as its Colonel, he having been duly elected to - that office on 3 January, 1865. - - “The Lieutenant-General commanding in taking leave of Colonel - Hinsdale, tenders his warm congratulations on his promotion - and earnestly hopes that the intelligence, zeal and gallantry, - which has characterized his services as a staff officer may be - matured by experience into greater usefulness in his new and more - extended sphere. - - “THEO. H. HOLMES, - “Lieutenant-General Commanding.” - -While at Camp McLean, near Goldsboro, the regiment was ordered to -Halifax to repel another Federal raid. It remained there only a -day or two, the enemy having withdrawn. It returned to Goldsboro -where it remained drilling and doing guard duty until the last -of January. It was then ordered to Kinston and camped near the -beautiful home of Colonel John C. Washington. It was here employed -in constructing the breastworks and fortifications for the defence -of the town and especially of the county bridge across the Neuse -river. Kinston was in easy reach from New Bern and had been visited -by many Federal raiding parties from time to time. Our boys were -heartily welcomed by the good people of that town. - -The rations which were issued to officers and men while here and at -Goldsboro were very scant. They consisted of half a pint of black -sorghum syrup, a pint of husky meal every other day, a third of -a pound of pork or Nassau bacon and a few potatoes occasionally. -The old soldiers will all remember Nassau bacon, a very gross, -fat, porky substance which ran the blockade at Wilmington and -was distributed among Lee’s veterans as bacon. When a ration of -cornfield peas was issued, the boys were in “high jinks” indeed. -But never was there collected together more uncomplaining men. They -recognized the fact that the Confederacy was doing for them its -best. - - - BATTLE OF SOUTH WEST CREEK. - -Upon the discovery of the advance of the enemy from New Bern, -whence they set out early in March, General Hoke’s Division was -ordered to Kinston. On 6 March, the Junior Reserve Brigade, -consisting of the First Regiment under Lieutenant-Colonel Charles -W. Broadfoot; the Second under Colonel John H. Anderson, and the -Third under Colonel Hinsdale, and Millard’s Battalion under Captain -C. M. Hall, all under Colonel F. S. Armistead, marched through -Kinston and across, to the south side of Neuse river, which here -runs in an easterly direction, past the breastworks which they had -so laboriously constructed. They marched down the river road which -leads out in a southeasterly direction to Southwest creek. This -creek is a sluggish, unfordable stream, which runs in a northerly -direction and empties into the river about six miles below Kinston. -The regiment was placed in some old breastworks on the margin -of a swamp, about a hundred yards from the creek. Our pickets -were stationed on the creek. The next day the enemy made their -appearance on the other side of the stream and established a line -of skirmishers and sharpshooters. During the day our skirmishers -were engaged and occasionally a minie ball would whistle over the -breastworks as each individual boy of the regiment believed, “just -by my ear.” On the morning of 8 March, General Hoke, whose troops -were also stationed along the line of the creek, was relieved by -the arrival of D. H. Hill’s troops. Hoke’s Division crossed the -creek and made a detour down the lower Trent road which crossed -the British road at Wise’s Fork, about three miles in our front. -The lower Trent road runs in a southeasterly direction to Trenton. -The British road runs in a northeasterly direction towards the -river. General Hoke with his usual dash surprised a Federal -brigade, captured it and sent it to the rear. The reserves held -the breastworks throughout the 8th. On the morning of the 9th, -the reserves crossed Southwest creek on an improvised bridge -constructed by them about 200 yards above the bridge on the Dover -road which had been destroyed. This bridge was made by felling -trees across the creek and covering them with lumber taken from -Jackson’s mill in the vicinity. Line of battle was formed on -the east side of the creek on swampy ground and the brigade was -ordered forward under fire through fallen trees, brush, brambles, -and bullets--making it difficult to preserve the alignment. They -advanced as steadily as veterans, driving the enemy who were fresh -troops from New Bern, well dressed, well fed, well armed and well -liquored, as was evidenced by the condition of some prisoners -captured. The Third Regiment suffered the loss of a number of brave -officers and men, among them Lieutenant John W. Harper, a gallant -young officer of Company C, from Caldwell. Here also Lieutenant -Hamlin was wounded in the arm. That night General Hoke undertook -a flank movement down the British road and the Neuse river road, -the Junior Reserves being a part of his command. We could plainly -hear the enemy at work on their fortifications. The night was -rainy and so dark you could not see your hand before you. After -marching through slush and rain about six miles, we countermarched -and returned. On the afternoon of the 10th all of our troops fell -back to the entrenchments on the British road, and later in the -day we re-crossed the Neuse, burning the bridge behind us, and -marched through Kinston, our brigade camping at Moseley Hall. This -retrograde movement was the consequence of the arrival of Sherman’s -army in North Carolina. - -The operations near Kinston, sometimes called the battle of -Kinston, but usually the battle of South West Creek, were upon the -whole a Confederate success, and when the disparity in numbers -between the contending forces is considered, were very creditable -to the Confederates. General Bragg in general orders thanked the -troops for their heroism and valor and complimented them upon their -achievements. - -The arrival of Sherman in Fayetteville and the approach of -the troops from Wilmington to form a junction with Sherman at -Goldsboro, made it necessary for us to withdraw to prevent being -cut off and in order to form a junction with General Johnston’s -Army, which was moving in the direction of Smithfield. On 15 March -Colonel John H. Nethercutt, of the Sixty-sixth North Carolina, was -placed in command of our brigade which was permanently assigned to -Hoke’s Division. - - - A MILITARY EXECUTION. - -Arriving at Smithfield 16 March, we remained two days and there -witnessed one of the saddest spectacles of the war--a military -execution. The regiment constituted a part of the military pageant -which attended the shooting to death of G. W. Ore, a private of -Company B, Twenty-seventh Georgia Regiment, who had been tried and -condemned for mutiny by a court-martial. The poor fellow was first -marched around, to the solemn music of the Dead March, in front -of the regiments which were drawn up in an open square, facing -inwards, he was then made to kneel, and was tied to a stake on the -open side of the hollow square. A detail of twelve men drawn up -at ten paces from him performed the painful duty of carrying out -the sentence of the court. At this late stage of the war, when the -struggle was perfectly desperate and all hope of success had fled, -the execution seemed to us to be little less than murder. - -[Illustration: BENTONVILLE] - -[Illustration: AVERASBORO, N.C., - -fought March 16^{th}, 1865.] - -On 18 March we marched again, not to the West, but to the South. -We knew that Sherman was approaching from that direction, and we -surmised that there was serious work before us. General Joseph E. -Johnston, who rode for a short distance on that day at the head of -the Third Junior Reserves, said as much to its commander. Sherman -was moving from Fayetteville in the direction of Goldsboro in two -parallel columns, about a day’s march apart. General Johnston had -determined to take advantage of the fact that Sherman’s left wing -was thus separated from the right, and to strike a bold blow on the -exposed flank at Bentonville in Johnston County. - - - BENTONVILLE. - -As soon as General Hardee, 19 March, our corps commander, reached -Bentonville with his troops, he moved by the left flank, Hoke’s -(our) division leading, to the ground previously selected by -General Hampton. It was the eastern edge of an old plantation, -extending a mile and a half to the west, and lying principally on -the north side of the road and surrounded east, south and north -by a dense thicket of black-jacks. There was but one road through -it. Hoke’s Division formed with its line at right angles to the -road on the eastern edge of the plantation and its left extending -some four hundred yards into the thicket on the south. The Junior -Reserves constituted the right of Hoke’s Division and supported -a battery of Starr’s Battalion of artillery commanded by Captain -Geo. B. Atkins, of Fayetteville. The brigade of Juniors were led by -Colonel John H. Nethercutt, who had superseded Colonel Armistead. -This gallant officer was Colonel of the Sixty-sixth North Carolina -Regiment--a plain, blunt man, but every inch a soldier. The Third -Regiment threw out a skirmish line which was commanded by Captain -Bristol and hurriedly constructed a rail fence breastworks. Here -under a fire of artillery we suffered many casualties. The troops -belonging to the Army of Tennessee were formed on the right of the -artillery. A wooden farm house in front of the Third Regiment for -some time afforded cover for a number of sharpshooters, who did -excellent practice on our line, until Captain Atkins, with a few -well-directed shells, caused them to pour out like rats from a -sinking ship. - -The enemy soon thereafter charged Hoke’s Division, but after a -sharp contest at short range was handsomely repulsed. - -On the morning of the 20th it was reported that the Federal right -wing had crossed over to unite with the left wing which had been -driven back, and was coming up rapidly upon the left of Hoke’s -Division. That officer was directed to change front to the left. -By this movement, his line was formed parallel to and fronting the -road. Here light entrenchments were soon made out of dead trees -and such material as could be moved with our bayonets. From noon -to sunset Sherman’s army thus united made repeated attacks upon -Hoke’s Division of six thousand men and boys, but were uniformly -driven back. The skirmish line of our brigade was commanded by -Major Walter Clark, of the Seventieth Regiment (First Juniors), -on the 20th and 21st. On the 21st the skirmishing was heavy, and -the extreme of the Federal right, extending beyond our left flank -made our position extremely hazardous in view of the fact that the -bridge over the creek in our rear was our only chance of retreat. -The Seventeenth Army Corps of the enemy late in the afternoon -broke through our line considerably to the left, but by superhuman -effort, its leading division was driven back along the route by -which it had advanced. - -That night the Confederate Army re-crossed the creek by the bridge -near Bentonville and were halted beyond the town two miles north -from the creek. The Federals made repeated attempts to force the -passage of the bridge, but failed in all. At noon the march was -resumed and the troops encamped near Smithfield. Sherman proceeded -on his way to Goldsboro to form a junction with Schofield, without -further molestation. The Confederate losses in the battle of -Bentonville were 2,343, while that of the Federals was nearly -double. (For many of the foregoing facts, see Johnston’s Narrative, -pages 381 and 393, from which liberal extracts have been made.) - -The Confederates never fought with more spirit, and the Federals -with less, than in the battle of Bentonville. General D. H. Hill -remarked upon this and said: “It may be that even a Yankee’s -conscience has been disturbed by the scenes of burning, rapine, -pillage and murder so recently passed through.” - -General Hampton said of this last great battle of the Civil War, -that in his opinion it was one of the most extraordinary: “The -infantry forces of General Johnston amounted to about 14,100 men, -and they were composed of three separate commands which had never -acted together. These were Hardee’s troops, brought from Savannah -and Charleston; Stewart’s from the Army of Tennessee; and Hoke’s -Division of veterans, many of whom had served in the campaigns of -Virginia. Bragg, by reason of his rank, was in command of this -latter force, but it was really Hoke’s Division, and the latter -directed the fighting. These troops, concentrated recently for the -first time, were stationed at and near Smithfield, eighteen miles -from the field, where the battle was fought, and it was from there -that General Johnston moved them to strike a veteran army numbering -about 60,000 men. This latter army had marched from Atlanta to -Savannah without meeting any force to dispute its passage, and from -the latter city to Bentonville unobstructed save by the useless and -costly affair at Averasboro, where Hardee made a gallant stand, -though at a heavy loss. No bolder movement was conceived during the -war than this of General Johnston when he threw his handful of men -on the overwhelming force in front of him, and when he confronted -and baffled this force, holding a weak line for three days against -nearly five times his number. For the last two days of this fight -he only held his position to secure the removal of his wounded, and -when he had accomplished that he withdrew leisurely, moving in his -first march only about four miles.” - -The Junior Reserves lost quite a number of officers and boys in -this battle. Their conduct was creditable to the last degree. -General Hoke, their attached and beloved commander, thus writes -concerning them: “The question of the courage of the Junior -Reserves was well established by themselves in the battle below -Kinston, and at the battle of Bentonville. At Bentonville you will -remember, they held a very important part of the battlefield in -opposition to Sherman’s old and tried soldiers, and repulsed every -charge that was made upon them with very meagre and rapidly thrown -up breastworks. Their conduct in camp, on the march, and on the -battlefield was everything that could be expected of them, and I am -free to say, was equal to that of the old soldiers who had passed -through four years of war. On the return through Raleigh where many -passed by their homes, scarcely one of them left their ranks to bid -farewell to their friends, though they knew not where they were -going nor what dangers they would encounter.” - - - THE LAST REVIEW. - -The regiment remained in camp near Smithfield until 10 April. -During this time our corps under command of General Hardee was -reviewed by General Johnston, General Hardee, Governor Vance and -others. There was not in the grand parade of that day--the last -grand review of the Confederate Army--a more soldierly body of -troops than the Junior Reserves. Later in the day, Governor Vance -made a stirring speech to the North Carolina troops, which by its -eloquence aroused enthusiasm and caused the fire of patriotism to -burn more brightly in our hearts. On 10 April we begun our last -retreat before Sherman. - - - THE RETREAT. - -On 12 April we reached Raleigh. I recall how we marched through -Raleigh past the old Governor’s Mansion on Fayetteville street, -facing the Capitol, then up Fayetteville street and west by -Hillsboro street past St. Mary’s young ladies school in a beautiful -grove on the right. How the servants stood at the fence with -supplies of water for us to drink! How the fair girls trooped -down to see us pass! How one tall, beautiful damsel exclaimed: -“Why, girls, these are all _young men_,” and how one of our saucy -Sergeants replied: “Yes, ladies, and we are all looking for wives!” -It was in Raleigh that we heard the heartrending rumor of General -Lee’s surrender. - -Our line of march was through Chapel Hill. The University at that -place was deserted and many refugees from the lower counties were -again preparing to fly. After leaving Chapel Hill we camped on -the Regulators’ Battleground, thence our line of march was on the -Salisbury and Hillsboro road, over which 200 years before the -Catawba Indians passed in their visits to the Tuscaroras in the -East. Governor Tryon and later Lord Cornwallis had led their troops -over this historic way in the vain endeavor to subdue the men whose -sons now trod, footsore and weary, over the same old red hills, -engaged in a like struggle for local self government. - -When we reached Haw river on Saturday, 15 April, we found the -steam rising rapidly. In crossing the river, several of our boys -were drowned by leaving the ford to reach some fish traps a short -distance below and being caught by the swift current and swept -down into the deep water. On reaching Alamance creek we had a novel -experience. On account of heavy rains the stream was much swollen -and the current very strong. General Cheatham’s command was moving -in front of General Hoke’s Division and on attempting to ford the -stream several men were swept down by the current, whereupon the -others absolutely refused to move. This halted the entire column, -and as the enemy’s cavalry were closely pressing our rear, the -situation was becoming critical. General Cheatham rode to the -front and learning the cause of the halt, ordered the men to go -forward, but, emphasizing their determination with some pretty -lively swearing, they doggedly refused to move, whereupon General -Cheatham seized the nearest man and into the stream they went. -After floundering in the water awhile, he came out, after repeating -the process for a few times, they raised a shout and proceeded to -cross. Three wagons, two with guns and one with bacon, capsized -and were swept down the river. Some lively diving for the bacon -followed, but I guess the guns are still rusting in the bottom of -the creek. I am sure none of them were disturbed on that occasion. - -In the midst of the peril of the crossing of the river, -Lieutenant-Colonel French realizing the danger to which the smaller -boys were exposed, jumped from his horse, and stationing himself -in mid-stream just below the line of march, rescued several of -the brave lads from inevitable death. Standing there, watching -his chance to save life, he was every inch the faithful officer -and brave soldier, and no wonder the boys loved him. Within the -last twelve months he, too, has crossed over the river and is now -resting under the shade of the trees. Farewell my dear old comrade! - -We reached Red Cross, twenty miles south of Greensboro, late on 16 -April. Here we stayed until the following Easter Sunday morning. -On Saturday afternoon, a bright boy from Cleveland County, named -Froneberger, was killed in camp by lightning within ten steps of -regimental headquarters. His death was instantaneous. The next -morning, 17 April, after a scanty breakfast we made ready as usual -to resume the march, but received no orders. We waited till noon, -then all the afternoon, then till night, and still no orders. The -next morning we heard that General Johnston had surrendered. - -We camped at Red Cross for a few days. Meanwhile it became known -that we had not surrendered; but that Johnston and Sherman had -undertaken to make terms for the surrender of all the then existing -armies of the Confederacy and for the recognition of our state -governments--one of the decent acts of Sherman’s life. But it came -to naught by reason of its disapproval in Washington. The armistice -which had been entered into for this purpose was terminated, and -the toilsome, weary, hopeless march was resumed, but we all knew -that the war was over. - -It was at this time that a quantity of silver coin, in Greensboro, -belonging to the Confederate Government was seized by General -Johnston and distributed among his officers and men--each receiving -one dollar and twenty-five cents without regard to rank. The writer -has in his possession the identical Mexican milled silver dollar -which came to him on this occasion. On one side of it has since -been engraved “Bounty to John W. Hinsdale for four years’ faithful -service in the Confederate Army.” One hundred times its weight in -gold would not purchase this old piece of silver, associated as it -is with loving thoughts of comrades and heart-breaking memories of -surrender. - -The regiment marched about eight miles to Old Center Meeting House, -in Randolph County, staying here about three days and then we moved -by way of Coleraine’s Mills to Bush Hill (now Archdale), and came -to a halt one mile from old Trinity College. - - - THE SURRENDER. - -General Johnston on 26 April made his final surrender of the army -to General Sherman and on 2 May, 1865, at Bush Hill, all who -remained of the one thousand boy-patriots of the Third Junior -Reserves were paroled, and turned their faces sorrowfully homeward. -The last roll had been called, the last tattoo beaten, and the -regiment was disbanded forever. - -[Illustration: A PAROLE FROM JOHNSTON’S ARMY. - -Fac-simile of parole of Jno. W. Hinsdale, Colonel, 72d Regiment (3d -Junior Reserves).] - - GREENSBORO’, NORTH CAROLINA, - - ________________________ 1865. - - In accordance with the terms of the Military Convention, entered - into on the twenty sixth day of April, 1865, between General - JOSEPH E. JOHNSTON, Commanding the Confederate Army, and Major - General W. T. SHERMAN, Commanding the United states Army in - North-Carolina, - - ________________________________________________________________ - has given his solemn obligation not to take up arms against the - Government of the Unites States until properly released from this - obligation; and is permitted to return to his home, not to be - disturbed by the United States authorities so long as he observe - this obligation and obey the laws in force where he may reside. - - _______________________ _____________________ - - ___________________ U. S. A., _________________ C. S. A., - _Special Commissioner_. _Commanding_. - -This was the end of all our hopes and aspirations. Might had -prevailed over right, and the conquered banner had been furled for -all time. - -Judge Clark in his Regimental Histories reproduced fac-similes of -two paroles, one of an officer in the army of Northern Virginia, -who surrendered at Appomattox Court House, the other, of the -writer of this sketch, an officer of the last grand army of the -Confederacy, commanded by General Joseph E. Johnston. This parole -appears on the opposite page. It was in keeping the inviolate faith -of a similar parole issued to our great commander, Robert E. Lee, -that General Grant, be it said to his everlasting credit, stayed -the hand of President Johnston, who, soon after the war, issued a -shameful order for the arrest of the “noblest Roman of them all.” -By this one act, General Grant won the respect and esteem of the -entire South. - -North Carolina has much to be proud of. She was first at Bethel, -she went farthest at Gettysburg, she was last at Appomattox, her -dead and wounded in battle exceeded in numbers those of any other -two States of the Confederacy together. But, her last and most -precious offering to the cause of Liberty were her boy-soldiers, -who at her bidding willingly left their homes, and marched, and -fought, and starved, and froze, and bled, and died that she might -live and be free. God bless the Junior Reserves. Their memory will -ever be cherished by the Old North State they loved so well. - -The following patriotic lines, written by the author of the -“Conquered Banner,” will appeal to the heart of many a mother whose -young son marched away with the Junior Reserves: - - “Young as the youngest, who donned the Gray, - True as the truest who wore it, - Brave as the bravest he marched away - (Hot tears on the cheeks of his mother lay) - Triumphant waved our flag one day-- - He fell in the front before it. - - Firm as the firmest where duty led, - He hurried without a falter; - Bold as the boldest he fought and bled. - And the day was won--but the field was red-- - And the blood of his fresh young heart was shed - On his country’s hallowed altar. - - On the trampled breast of the battle plain, - Where the foremost ranks had wrestled, - On his pale pure face not a mark of pain, - (His mother dreams that they will meet again), - The fairest form amid all the slain, - Like a child asleep he nestled. - - In the solemn shade of the wood that swept - The field where his comrades found him, - They buried him there--and the big tears crept - Into strong men’s eyes that had seldom wept, - (His mother--God pity her--smiled and slept, - Dreaming her arms were around him). - - A grave in the woods with the grass o’ergrown, - A grave in the heart of his mother - His clay in the one lies lifeless and lone: - There is not a name, there is not a stone, - And only the voice of the winds maketh moan - O’er the grave where never a flower is strewn, - But his memory lives in the other.” - - JOHN W. HINSDALE. - - RALEIGH, N. C., - 26 APRIL, 1901. - - - - - ADDENDUM. - -The writer appends hereto two letters received by him approving -the accuracy of the foregoing sketch--one from the distinguished -jurist, who was his comrade in arms in the Junior Reserve brigade, -and to whom the old soldiers owe a debt of gratitude for his -monumental service in editing the Regimental Histories, the other -by one of Lee’s best fighters and most trusted lieutenants, and the -beloved commander of the boy-soldiers, whose valor is only equaled -by his modesty. - - - STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA, - - SUPREME COURT. - - RALEIGH, N. C., October 18, 1901. - - COLONEL JOHN W. HINSDALE, - - My Dear Colonel, - - * * * * * - - Let me congratulate you upon your sketch which is decidedly one - of the most interesting and valuable in the whole four volumes, - and your conclusion is the most eloquent and touching thing I - have read in many days. The Juniors will take off their hats to - you. - - Your friend and comrade, - WALTER CLARK. - - - SEABOARD AIR LINE--GEORGIA, CAROLINA & NORTHERN RAILWAY CO. - - R. F. HOKE, PRESIDENT. - - RALEIGH, N. C., January 4, 1901. - - COLONEL JOHN W. HINSDALE, - - My Dear Colonel, - - I am pleased to read your sketch of the Third North Carolina - Junior Reserve Regiment, that you kindly sent me, which is very - accurate as to their service while they were in my command. Not - knowing whether you intended me to keep it or not, I return it - with my thanks, and wishing you a most happy and prosperous New - Year, I am, - - Very truly your friend, - R. F. HOKE. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. - - Pg 5: ‘insistance that’ replaced by ‘insistence that’. - Pg 15: ‘Fourth Batalion of’ replaced by ‘Fourth Battalion of’. - Pg 23: ‘of Campany C’ replaced by ‘of Company C’. - Pg 23: ‘we countermached’ replaced by ‘we countermarched’. - Pg 25: ‘sharp shooters, who’ replaced by ‘sharpshooters, who’. - Pg 28: ‘heartrendering rumor’ replaced by ‘heartrending rumor’. - Pg 30 (Illustration): ‘and is ermitted’ replaced by - ‘and is permitted’. - Pg 31: ‘fac similes’ replaced by ‘fac-similes’. - Pg 32: ‘lifeless aud lone’ replaced by ‘lifeless and lone’. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of History of the Seventy-Second Regiment -of the North Carolina Troops in the Wa, by John Wetmore Hinsdale - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORY OF 72ND REGIMENT, 1861-1865 *** - -***** This file should be named 62649-0.txt or 62649-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/2/6/4/62649/ - -Produced by John Campbell and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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