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diff --git a/old/62630-0.txt b/old/62630-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 9acb904..0000000 --- a/old/62630-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1827 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Ancient Rows of Great Yarmouth, by Edward -John Lupson - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: The Ancient Rows of Great Yarmouth - - -Author: Edward John Lupson - - - -Release Date: July 12, 2020 [eBook #62630] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ANCIENT ROWS OF GREAT -YARMOUTH*** - - -Transcribed from the 1897 Edward J. Lupson edition by David Price, email -ccx074@pglaf.org, using scans from the British Library. - - WRITTEN FOR VISITORS. - - - - - - THE - ANCIENT ROWS - OF - GREAT YARMOUTH: - - - Their Names. Why so Constructed, - AND - What Visitors have written about them, - ALSO A DESCRIPTIVE SKETCH OF - - YARMOUTH BEACH. - - [Picture: Signature of E. J. Lupson] - - “And the Rows! them long bars of the gridiron, - That Dickens hev wrote on—so quare; - Them ere Rows are a great institution, - In the town at the mouth of the Yare.” - - ———:o——— - - ILLUSTRATED: - PRICE TWOPENCE. - - ———:o——— - - Yarmouth: - EDWARD J. LUPSON, CHURCH PLAIN. - - * * * * * - - ENTERED AT STATIONERS’ HALL. - - - - -THE ROWS OF GREAT YARMOUTH. - - -[Picture: Entrance to row 117] THE two most remarkable and noteworthy -features of the ancient Borough of Great Yarmouth, that remain unchanged -to the present day, are the Parish Church, and the unique series of long, -narrow passages, known by the general name of Rows. The wonderful -proportions and interesting features of the renowned Church having been -duly examined, these singularly confined thoroughfares next claim the -attention of the intelligent visitor. On seeing them for the first time, -the query naturally arises in the mind, why were they constructed in this -peculiar manner, so opposed to all prevailing ideas? Thoughtful minds -have ingeniously surmised sundry motives; but the preponderating belief -is probably the most correct one, viz., the builders’ desire to economise -the limited area at their disposal within the walls of the -fortifications. In early times the population of Yarmouth grew apace; -numbers of enterprising persons from various places being attracted -thither by the flourishing fishing operations that were carried on here. -Manship, in his History of Yarmouth, states that within four hundred -years from the time when “from a sand in the sea, by the deflection of -the tides, Yarmouth grew dry and firm land, whereby it became habitable; -the population grew to a great multitude, over whom, at the beginning of -the Reign of Henry I., a Provost was appointed.” It may be mentioned, by -the way, that it was in this reign the Parish Church of St. Nicholas was -built. The population of Yarmouth, in the year 1348, numbered ten -thousand. We can, therefore, without difficulty, understand how valuable -space would be in those early times, and how general the desire to make -the most of it. - -It is interesting to notice that Manship, who wrote in the year 1619, -opined a very different reason for the circumscribed limits of the Rows. -When contemplating them patriotically, he prognosticated, with glowing -satisfaction, the bad half-hour that awaited any rash invader, who might -incontinently venture to approach them, feeling assured the brave and -hardy inhabitants “of those seven score passes” would render a good -account of themselves on any such occasion. {4} But we must quote his -own words. He says: “The number of them (‘the Rows’) at this day be 140; -whereby every householder to his private dwelling hath of all necessaries -very convenient conveyance, and the same in time of hostility, for the -defence and safeguard of the town, is very meet and necessary, for one -man against twenty, with shot and powder, is able to make resistance.” -Continuing the subject, he says: “These buildings, although dissevered -and disjoined each from the other by Rowes or Lanes, the same being in -number, as I have before declared, one hundred and forty, yet is there -not any more division in comeliness, to be by the eye discovered, amongst -them, than unpleasantness to the ear in music, consisting of many -discords which do make a perfect concord. The streets being contrived -and built in such warlike manner, flankerwise, with such convenient -distance from the walls (fortifications) aforesaid, that the enemy having -gained the walls, and entered the town (both which God forbid), may with -few men, be enforced to retire, and the town recovered without any great -danger sustained.” - -It seems the most reasonable supposition that the Rows were constructed -as we see them, in order that as large a population as possible might be -concentrated within the narrowest limits, to make the work of fortifying -the town as easy a matter as possible, and give, at the same time, -greater security to the whole. - -[Picture: A Yarmouth Row] The following imaginative idea may be taken for -what it is worth, namely, that the ground plan of the Streets and Rows -were suggested by the fishermen’s nets, when spread out in long lines -upon the Denes for drying, a narrow pathway being left between the nets -of each fisherman, the pathways representing the Rows. - -It has been sagely remarked by a reflective writer that the Rows “seem to -have been so constructed, that in the event of an unusually high tide, -the water might flow through them.” And in like manner observes another, -“if the water swept over on one side, it would make its escape at the -other as if through a grating.” Had such a contingency been in -contemplation, surely a greater breadth would have been given to allow -the water a freer flow. - -These Rows, as might have been anticipated, have been objects of much -interest to Visitors generally, but especially to those of antiquarian -tendencies. The minds of some have been so impressed with their -old-world appearance, that on returning to their distant homes, they have -relieved themselves by relating wonderful descriptions of them to the -unfortunate individuals who had not yet seen them. Some have excitedly -rushed into print, and gladly made known to whole neighbourhoods, through -their local press, the striking phenomena they had witnessed here. One -described the Rows to wondering readers as “fearsome apertures in the -street,” and then soothingly added, “but there is nothing to fear.” -Another, we imagine, well-versed in country life, said they were “like -rabbit burrows.” A third descriptive writer asserted that “many of the -ancient thoroughfares might be appropriately termed cracks in the wall, -they are so narrow.” Another less excitable individual wrote, “many of -them are so narrow that you can easily touch both sides at once, by -stretching out your hands while walking through, and it surprises the -stranger not a little to be told that these were the only communications -between the principal thoroughfares of the town.” The critical pen of -another scribe declares them to be “very long alleys—needless alleys I -should say, if the architects had only known what they were about in the -days when these alleys were made.” Ah! yes! and then, before leaving the -consideration of them, he thus describes their capabilities. “They are -so narrow that neighbours can shake hands across their little street.” -Another, condescendingly, describes the way in which it may be done. -“The inhabitants might lean out of their windows and shake hands.” Still -further capabilities were seen by another imaginative writer. “You can -put your hand out of your bedroom window and put out the candle in your -neighbour’s;” and, I suppose, if necessary, borrow the candlestick; but -this he omitted to state. One, whose presence had, doubtless graced -continental cities, as well as honoured the Rows of Great Yarmouth, saw -in them other possibilities, and stated “for intricacies they can compete -with the most confined of those of any Continental City you can mention, -where the inhabitants can converse and shake hands from upper stories, -visit each other in night-caps, quarrel in the upper world, or carry on a -general confab, peacefully or otherwise.” Somewhat more definitely wrote -another: “They are passages between parallel streets, some with shops on -either side like Union Passage in Birmingham, but most of them only a few -feet wide, with dwelling houses on each side, where a jump from one -window to another would be an easy task for a gymnast.” Who can but -admire the following graphic description? “What a quaint old town. The -fine Market Place is like an open plain; the scores of narrow ‘Rows’ -running out of it may be likened to burrows leading in all manner of -directions. However does each denizen find his, or her dwelling? Do -they never get mixed, and give it up for a bad job? Some of these Rows -are too narrow to permit of a man falling down if he got crosswise.” -Having investigated them with the eye of an antiquary, another gentleman -described the Rows as “the long series of narrow passages, running from -one principal street to another, numbering 145 in all, with houses on -each side. Although none of them are sufficiently wide to allow of other -than pedestrian traffic, many quaint old-fashioned houses, dating several -centuries back, bearing both external and internal evidence of great -expense and labour being devoted to their erection and decoration. In -fact, old Yarmouth is full of interest to the antiquary and to the -curiosity seeker.” Of course, the visitor with an eye to sanitation, has -not allowed the Rows to be unexplored. They have borne the scrutiny, and -we may breathe freely now the verdict has been given. “A remarkable -appearance is presented to the visitor by the number of long narrow lanes -called ‘Rows’ that run east and west of the town. It leaves little room -for doubt of the healthiness of the place when these Rows are examined, -for their cleanliness and orderly appearance must surely render them -conducive to the highest possible standard of health; and if these -observations can be applied with as much appropriateness to the internal -sanitary arrangements of the dwellings—as I have reason to believe it -may—the Corporation may congratulate themselves on the success of their -efforts in this respect.” - - [Picture: Yarmouth Row] - -We will now present the reader with the observations of writers who have -less cursorily investigated this wonderland. A writer in a metropolitan -newspaper gave the following well-considered description:—“These openings -are the famous Yarmouth ‘Rows,’ 154 in number, running parallel to each -other, between the river and the sea, and so narrow that the meanest -London Lane would look a very Regent Street if placed alongside of them. -I measured one, it was the narrowest I saw, and found, that at the -entrance, it was little more than two feet across. It is probably -reserved for thin natives, since no fat man, with all his clothes on, -could safely venture to tread it. In all points of comparison, however, -but narrowness, the Yarmouth Rows have a decided advantage over the -London Lanes, and it is this that makes their appearance so extraordinary -to a Londoner. He naturally associates poverty, filth, squalor, and all -sorts of misery and crime with courts in which the inhabitants can shake -hands with each other out of the opposite windows, or step at one stride -across the so-called street or lane. Everyone with a watch to lose, -carefully shuns such localities, or instinctively buttons up his coat if -he happens to wander into them. At night the narrow gloomy jaws of the -Yarmouth Rows must, to a cockney pilgrim of a lively imagination, look -even more formidable; but in daylight, one glance down them suffices to -show that they are widely different from anything that his experience had -taught him to expect. - - [Picture: “Kitty Witches’ Row”—widest part looking east] - -“The model Row is respectability itself; its tiny toy pavement of brick -or stone is easily kept clean, and shines like the deck of a man-of-war; -the houses on each side, so far from betraying any signs of squalor or -painful poverty, are, some of them, so nicely kept with rows of flower -pots brightening the windows, and clustering creepers draping the naked -wall, that one begins to wonder how people, who are in a position to -consider the amenities, as well as the necessaries of life, consent to -live in such close, crowded quarters, and is driven to conjure that they -are a jolly neighbourly race, who like, out of pure good fellowship, to -be always in talking and hand-shaking distance of each other. - -“And this theory that the grotesque construction of the Yarmouth Rows is -due not to strategic, but to social considerations, is supported by the -fact, in the ‘good old times,’ each Row took its name, in friendly -fashion, from the best-known or the principal person living in it. In -these degenerate days of scientific classification, arithmetic has -triumphed over flesh and blood, and each Row is known by its number, with -the single exception, I believe, of ‘Kitty Witches’ Row’—once a pet -preserve of the invaluable public servant, the witch-finder Hopkins, who -could always count upon unearthing enough ugly women in Yarmouth, with -the unmistakeable witch marks on their sea-tanned shrivelled old skins, -to make a respectable official return, and satisfy Government that public -money was not being wasted. The Rows are, I am told, chiefly the resort -of the seafaring population, who constitute Yarmouth’s working class.” - -A writer in _Cassell’s Magazine_ says: “the Rows are not wooden arcades -like those of Chester, but straight and extremely narrow alleys, running -between the principal streets and the river, like the rungs of a ladder, -to the number of 156. Now-a-days only the humbler class of people live -there, but having penetrated into a good many of them, I am bound to say -that in no instance have I seen the squalor and misery of a low -neighbourhood in London. There are vice and poverty in Herring-haven, as -elsewhere, but you see none of those sights which saddens the heart of -the reflective Londoner. I think the filthy coal smoke has something to -do with the degradation of our metropolitan poor. Country folks who come -and settle in Babylon grow in time weary of contending with the blacks, -and suffer their children to grow up grimy and ragged, while the children -playing about the doors in the Rows are clean, healthy, decently dressed, -and civil spoken. * * * Whitewash is laid liberally on every accessible -place, the causeway is plentifully supplied with gutters made of -semi-circular yellow tiles, and in no instance have I encountered those -vile odours which offend you on the Continent. It would be false to say -that I never smelt fish; there is a vast deal of shrimp boiling done in -some of these Rows, but of those filthy stenches of which Coleridge -numbered seventy-two in the city of Cologne, I detected not one.” - -_Harper’s Magazine_ of June, 1882, gave the following interesting -description:—“At one time the inhabitants of this old borough took up to -living on a plan almost entirely their own, and the Rows in which they -built their houses remain to this day the most curious of all the -features of the ancient town. The Rows are narrow streets leading to and -from the quay,—not narrow in the ordinary sense, but narrower, perhaps, -than any other streets in the world, their average width being six feet. -They are not isolated infrequent lanes left between more commodious -thoroughfares by the incomplete modifications of early plans, but they -form a system and their aggregate length is about eight miles. Six feet -is their average width, but some of them are scarcely more than three -feet, and two persons cannot pass one another without contracting -themselves and painfully sidling in the opposite directions. The -pavement is of rough cobble-stones, with sometimes a strip of flags down -the middle to ease the way of the pedestrian. The houses tower up with -smooth perpendicular walls, like cliffs, on both sides, and shut out the -light, the upper stories projecting in many cases beyond the lower, and -forming an arch over the narrow passage below. Most of these houses are -very old, and the material of which they are built is flint or stone, -often white-washed, though occasionally left in its natural condition -with open timbering in the fronts; in one or two the masonry is of the -herring-bone pattern; but huddled up as they are, without regard to -privacy or ventilation, staring into one another’s faces with undesirable -intimacy, they are of a good class, and in good condition, and some of -them have courtyards before them with nasturtiums and scarlet runners -dragging a tender green web over their white walls. The narrowest of the -Rows is only 2 feet 3 inches in width. There are in all 156 of them, -each known by its number. The object of the frugal plan in which they -originated is a mystery. One of the guesses at it is this:—‘The -fishermen spread out their nets to dry very carefully, and leave on the -four sides of each net a clear passage, four, five or six feet wide.’ It -is suggested that the ground on which the Rows stand was once used for -this purpose, and that the passages became so well defined from constant -traffic that eventually they were perpetuated as streets. However this -may be, it is certain that some of the houses in the Rows were among the -first built in the town, and certain also that, leading from the main -street, they give easy access to the Quay, whereon Yarmouth finds its -chief interest. When the moon is full and throws black beams of shadows -across these alleys, and opens seeming pitfalls in their rugged pavement, -a stranger hesitates to enter them. At all times they seem properly to -belong to conspirators, but they are quite safe and reputable. In olden -times the Watchmen patrolled them, ‘crying the wind’ for sleepless -merchants and anxious skippers; and the bellmen of the Church of St. -Nicholas prayed in them for the souls of those who had bequeathed money -for the purpose. {11} The wind holds pretty well to one quarter in -Yarmouth, and it is said the watchmen seldom had occasion to vary their -announcement: ‘East is the wind, east-north-east; past two and a cloudy -morning.’ - - [Picture: A Yarmouth cart] - -“Having invented the narrowest streets in the world, the inhabitants had -to devise an original vehicle for their locomotion, as no ordinary carts -could enter them, and this necessity was relieved by the ‘trolly,’ a -peculiar cart about 12 feet long, with two wheels revolving on a box -axle, placed underneath the sledge, the extreme width of the vehicle -being about 3 feet 6 inches. - -“Even in the dead of night the Rows are not quite still. All of them -lead toward the river, and some of them reveal the black lines of -clustered masts and rigging. Many of the houses are occupied by -fishermen, who are astir at all hours. The shrimpers go out to meet the -tide at eleven or twelve o’clock, and though the river has some traffic -with distant ports, the most frequent vessels on it are the -‘dandy-rigged’ boats and the rakish cutters which belong to the great -industry of the town.” - -Were we to omit the characteristic description given in _Household -Words_, Vol. VII., p. 163, that is very generally ascribed to the pen of -the late Charles Dickens, our list of noteworthy quotations would be -rightly deemed by many readers to be very incomplete. We gladly insert -the following from that excellent magazine, heading the extract with some -lines from a rhyming description of Yarmouth, written by Mr. H. J. -Betts:— - - “And the Rows! them long bars of the gridiron, - That Dickens hev wrote on—so quare; - Them ere Rows are a great institution, - In the town at the mouth of the Yare.” - -“Great Yarmouth is one vast gridiron, of which the bars are represented -by ‘Rows,’ to the number of one hundred and fifty-six. Repel the -recollection of a Chester-row, a Paradise-row, or a Rotten-row. A Row is -a long, narrow lane or alley, quite straight, or as nearly as may be, -with houses on each side, both of which you can sometimes touch at once -with the finger tips of each hand, by stretching out your arms to their -full extent. Now and then the houses overhang, and even join above your -head, converting the Row, so far, into a sort of tunnel or tubular -passage. Many and many picturesque old bit of domestic architecture is -to be hunted up among the Rows. In some Rows there is little more than a -blank wall for the double boundary. In others, the houses retreat into -tiny square courts, where washing and clear starching are done, and -wonderful nasturtiums and scarlet runners are reared from green boxes, -filled with that scarce commodity, vegetable mould. Most of the Rows are -paved with pebbles from the Beach, and, strange to say, these narrow -gangways are traversed by horses and carts which are built for this -special service, and which have been the cause of serious -misunderstanding among antiquaries, as to whether they were or were not -modelled after the chariots of Roman invaders. Of course, if two carts -were to meet in the middle of a Row, one of the two must either go back -to the end again, or pass over the other one, like goats upon a single -file ledge of a precipice. The straightness of the passage usually -obviates this alternative. A few Rows are well paved throughout with -flagstones. [Picture: A Yarmouth Row, with horse and cart] Carts are -not allowed to enter these, and foot passengers prefer them to the pebbly -pathways. Hence they are the chosen locality of numerous little -shopkeepers. If you want a stout pair of hob-nail shoes, or a -scientifically oiled dreadnought, or a dozen of bloaters, or a quadrant -or a compass, or a bunch of turnips, the best in the world, or a woollen -comforter and night-cop for one end of your person, and worsted overall -stockings for the other, or a plate of cold boiled leg of pork stuffed -with parsley, or a ready-made waistcoat, with blazing pattern and bright -glass buttons—with any of these you can soon be accommodated in one or -other of the Paved Rows. Here you have a board announcing the luxurious -interval, during which hot joints are offered to the satisfaction of salt -water appetite; from twelve to two no one need suffer hunger. Elsewhere -is the notice over the door, that within are ‘LIVE AND BOILED SHRIMPS -SOLD BY THE CATCHER.’ Shrimps, unadulterated, boiled and sold by the -very catcher himself,—the original article, and no mistake! From time -immemorial, there has been a Market Row, in which two people _can_ walk -arm-in-arm, as they stare at the _elite_ of Yarmouth shop windows, and -there is a Broad Row, across which, if an Adelphi harlequin could not -skip from first floor to first floor, he would get from the manager very -significant hints about his abilities.” - -The reader cannot fail to have observed the numerical diversity in the -above quotations, as to the total number of the Rows. The discrepancy -probably arose through a compositor, when engaged upon a Yarmouth -publication, transposing two of the numerals, thus turning the number 145 -to 154, and the error passing unobserved remained uncorrected; and -succeeding writers, instead of drawing inspiration from the -fountain-head—the Rows themselves, have complacently copied, and so -perpetuated the blunder. This, however, does not explain the number -given as 156. - -Considerable allowances must be made for many of the statements given by -the various writers, in consideration of the length of time that has -since elapsed. The onward march of improvement has become so general, it -has penetrated even into the recesses of these old-world thoroughfares. -Although they remain, as in all probability they will continue to be, the -picturesque, tumble-down Rows of Yarmouth, a “Paradise for painters,” as -_Punch_ described them, still the signs of the times are now apparent -within their precincts. Pedestrians are no longer compelled to tread -gingerly upon uncrushed “petrified kidneys,” when threading their way -through them, but may proceed satisfactorily and pleasantly along a -pathway of concrete or flagstone, and if disposed to enter them at night, -he will discover that nearly all are now illuminated by gas. When -preparation was being made for these improvements in the year 1884, an -official measurement of eighty-one of the Rows was taken, and the total -length of them was ascertained to be 8,372 yards, or rather more than 4¾ -miles. The entire length of the 145 Rows exceeds seven miles. Within -the eighty-one Rows which were measured, the number of the -dwelling-houses was found to be 1,811. - -The names of some of the Rows were sufficiently remarkable to justify -Dickens in amusingly referring to them as “Jumber’s Row,” and “Mopus’s -Row.” Known as the Rows were to succeeding generations all down the -ages, by name only, it was no easy matter to wean the Yarmouthians from -the method so familiar to them and their forefathers, of recognising each -Row by its name. The change from name to number was adopted by the -Corporation in the year 1804, and although a century of years have since -nearly run their course, many of the old inhabitants still recognise a -Row by name, in preference to its number. The writer has found it a -common occurrence for persons, after long residence in Rows, to be -utterly unable to state their numbers. A woman when asked the number of -the Row she lived in, said, “57, but I don’t know whether it is the same -number at both ends.” Quite recently, “Row 161” was given to the writer -as a place of residence of an individual. A woman born in Row 21, in -1869, wrote in 1893, “I was born in Row 100, where some houses were -pulled down for Sir E. Lacon’s Brewery.” An illustration of a similar -character may be given from one of the Register Books at the Parish -Church. In 1840, at their marriage, a couple were asked their place of -residence, and it was given as “Row 171,” and they evidently stood -uncorrected, as “Row 171” was recorded. Still further proofs may be -culled from these Registers, showing the tenacity with which the old -names were cherished. Most of the following designations have been -obtained from entries which were made within the first four years of Her -present Majesty’s reign:— - -Angel Row -Almshouse Row -Adam the Barber’s Row -Buck Row -Barnaby Baker’s Row -Boulter’s Row -Brown, Grocer’s Row -Bennet, Cooper’s Row -Blue Anchor Row -Broad Row -Black Swan Row -Baptist Meeting Row -Black Horse Row -Blower’s, Cabinet-maker’s Row -Budd, Sail-maker’s Row -Blue Bell Row -Bessey’s Half Row -Bank Paved Row -Bell and Crown Row -Child, Blacksmith’s Row -Castle Row -Chapel Row -Chapel Paved Row -Conge Row -Cart and Horse Row -Custom House Row -Crown and Anchor Row -Crown and Heart Row -Dove Row -Doctor Smith’s Row -Doughty’s Row -Dog and Duck Row -Dover Court Row -Dr. Bayly’s Row -Doctor Ferrier’s Row -Dene Side Austin Row -Duncan’s Head Row -Esquire Palmer’s Row -Esquire Steward’s Row -Excise Office Row -Elephant and Castle Row -Earl St. Vincent’s Row -Fighting Cock Row -Foundry Row -Fulcher’s Row -Ferry Boat Row -Fourteen Stars Row -Frere’s Row -Gun Row -Gallon Can Row -Globe Row -George and Dragon Row -Garwood, Painter’s Row -Garden Row -Glass House Row -Golden Lion Row -Humber Keel Row -Horn Row -Horse and Cart Row -Half Moon Row -Huke, Carpenter’s Row -Jail Row -Kitty Witches’ Row -King’s Head Row -Law’s Baker’s Row -Lamb, Butcher’s Row -Lawyer Cory’s Row -Lacon’s Garden Row -Lion and Lamb Row -Mr. Paget’s Row -Mr. Blake’s Row -Mr. Butcher’s Row -Mr. Cobb’s Row -Mr. Skill’s Row -Mr. Woolverton’s Row -Mr. Yett’s Row -Meeting House Row -Mariner’s Compass Row -Market Row -Money Office Row -Morley Grocer’s Row -Miller, Basket Maker’s Row -Mews Half Row -Martin, Shoemaker’s Row -Nine Parish Row -New White Lion Row -Newcastle Tavern Row -Nichols, Shoemaker’s Row -Naunton, Baker’s Row -North Pot-in-hand Row -Old Fountain Row -Old Meeting Row -Old Post Office Row -Old Prison Row -Oakes, Grocer’s Row -Old White Lion Row -Page, Pipe-maker’s Row -Paternoster Row -Plummer, Schoolmaster’s Row -Pike, Sailmaker’s Row -Present, Butcher’s Row -Pot-in-hand Row -Post Office Half Row -Priory Row -Queen’s Head Row -Quay Angel Row -Quay Austin Row -Quay Mill Row -Quaker’s Meeting-House Row -Rampart Row -Rose and Crown Row -Rivett, Baker’s Row -St. John’s Head Row -South Walking Row -Saving’s Bank Row -Steward, Chemist’s Row -Say’s Corner Row -South Say’s Corner Row -Star and Garter Row -Spotted Cow Row -Stamp Office Row -Split Gutter Row -Snatchbody Row -South Garden Row -Sewell’s Row -Ship Tavern Row -Star Tavern Row -Synagogue Row -St. George’s Tavern Row -St. George’s Row east -St. George’s Row west -St. Peter’s Row east -St. Peter’s Row west -Sons of Commerce Row -Taylor, and Fulcher’s Row -Turnpike Row -Took, Baker’s Row -Two-Neck Swan Row -Three Herrings Row -Thornton, Grocer’s Row -Utting’s Row -Unitarian Chapel Row -White Lion Row -Wheatsheaf Row -Well Row -White Horse Row -Wheel of Fortune Row -White Swan Row -Wrestler’s Row -Yett’s Foundry Row - - * * * * * - -In some instances two names were given to the same Row. - -Rampart Row no longer exists. The cottages have been removed and the old -rampart wall exposed to view; the space thus gained has been converted -into a carriage way, and the thoroughfare named Rampart Road. - -It has been asked, why are these thoroughfares called Rows? In Palmer’s -_Notes on Manship_, p. 271, we find the following reply:—“‘Row’ is -supposed to be derived from _rhodio_, to walk; or from the Saxon _rowa_ -(a rank); or, which is more probable in the sense in which it is used in -Yarmouth, from the French _rue_, a street, or lane.” - - - - - YARMOUTH BEACH, - ITS HOLIDAY ASPECTS. - - -Now for a sudden transition from the ancient to the modern, from mediæval -shadows to undimmed sunlight, from the comparatively humdrum stillness -and gravity of ordinary daily life into the midst of vivacious holiday -activities, from the pent-up Rows to the glorious freedom of Yarmouth’s -magnificent Marine Drive and unrivalled Beach. Who could reasonably -desire the realisation, in the course of a few brief moments, of a wider -contrast or a change more refreshing? Where, but in Yarmouth, could such -a transition take place in so short a time, for where, but in the -renowned old borough can _such_ a series of such Rows be found? And -where else can be seen a Beach of such proportions, with its far-reaching -stretches of dry, clean, soft, “golden” sand, and its uninterrupted view -of the German Ocean, continuous from north to south, and bounded along -the east by the horizon alone? Measured by miles, both Beach and Marine -Drive afford ample scope for the enjoyment of thousands of visitors of -all classes. Small cause for wonder is it that a veritable army of -recreationists, at least a hundred thousand strong (including -day-trippers), should be attracted thither year by year, it would be -surprising were they not to come. From the Rows to the Beach we go, with -anticipations of pleasure of an altogether different description, and -find amusement in watching for a time the varied ways in which the -present detachment of the season’s welcomed battalions of visitors are -disporting themselves. Let us see what delights on a favourable day in -summer our splendid sands afford! - -Proceeding by a convenient wooden gangway laid upon the sand from the -Marine Drive to high water mark, close to the Britannia Pier, we are at -once in the midst of a lively spectacle, people of all ages and sizes are -here, happy in the consciousness of being able to enjoy themselves in the -way their fancy leads them. Pleasure is the prevailing object on which -all minds are set. Many of the fair sex are quietly seated upon the -accommodating sands, perusing their favourite books, papers, and -periodicals, or engaged in some light and fanciful work whilst quietly -noting the ever-changing scene going on around them. Nursemaids in -charge of juveniles are keeping guard over sundry cast-off shoes and -stockings, whilst carefully watching the youngsters paddling joyously in -the foaming surf. Paterfamilias, too, is in the surf, and provides a -centre of attraction to a number of ladies whose interest, however, is -not in him, but in the young olive branch—his very smallest—whose -wriggling extremities he is endeavouring to bathe in the spreading waves. -As his holiday inexpressibles appear likely to receive more from the sea -than the unwilling child, his better half rushes forward to the rescue -and hastily “reefs” them. - -[Picture: Beach sketches] Bare-legged children in goodly numbers are -paddling about and with shovels and tiny buckets are busily engaged in -digging small docks and trying to fill them with water, others are making -sand pies or erecting buildings in original styles of architecture, and -castles and towers not remarkable for stability. From the paddlers to -the bathers our attention turns. Two young ladies have emerged from the -bathing machines and are bravely swimming away, whilst the bathing of the -other naiads consists in tightly holding the ropes attached to the -machines, and giving a succession of hysterical jumps that display the -intense ugliness of their dresses. In this ugliness we detect a device. -The main desire of the designer, surely, must have been to divert the -unwelcome attentions of too obtrusive individuals of the opposite sex. -In the distance are the gentlemen’s machines, and near them can be seen a -number of heads dotting the restless waters. {25} For lovers of the sea -seeking enjoyment upon, rather than immersion in it, the boatmen are on -the _qui vive_. “Hi, hi, hi, any more going!” shouts one. “Here you -are, sir, a jolly sail out,” says another. Whilst a third, on business -bent, cries, “Come along, we’re going to give you a treat, sixpence for a -sail, any more going?” We watch the filling and launching of one or two -of the boats, and note the jaunty air and smiling faces of some -adventurers as they go aboard, and have little doubt that some of their -smiles will soon be exchanged for more reflective countenances. -Presently we are invited to have a trip in a rowing boat, “Have a row, -sir, nice day for a row.” Numbers at the time are indulging in that -pleasant form of enjoyment. A party of eight are seated in a rowing boat -waiting to be launched, when a little stripling about seven summers old, -bare-legged and brave, seeing their readiness, tries with all his might -to give the boat the impetus it needs. Some day, his indomitable will -and energy will, we hope, be more amply rewarded. - -Watching the return of the sailing boats and the landing of the -passengers is found by many to be interesting, especially when the sea is -inclined to take a mean advantage of those standing awaiting their turn -to land, by unceremoniously bumping the boat, and causing the whole -company simultaneously to lose their equilibrium and receive a shower of -spray. Of course they laugh as well as their friends on shore, indeed, -everybody regards it as great fun. Turning from the sea to the beach, we -often find a small “dock,” caused by the incoming flood or left by the -last tide upon the beach. This is a source of supreme enjoyment to -numbers of juveniles. Here, with perfect safety, paddling is being -indulged in. Here miniature vessels are sailing, and, as from a -reservoir, water is being conveyed in buckets for supplying the various -needs of those actively engaged in raising fortifications, planning -gardens, and making fish ponds. - - [Picture: Toilers in the sands] - -This central position of the beach being most frequented by visitors, it -is also the chief resort, the happy hunting ground of the numerous class -who have a keen eye to business. Nearly all of them are vendors of only -one kind of article each, and this peculiarity tends to multiply their -numbers, the variety of merchandise among the whole being considerable. -There are so many—and some of them are strangers to Yarmouth—that, were -they not civil, and usually take the first refusal, persistency with -frequency would be an annoyance little short of a nuisance. Take a seat -and your troubles begin. “Here’s your chocolate creams.” “Buns, two a -penny.” “Yarmouth rock, penny a box.” “Apples, penny a bag.” “Hokey -Pokey, two a penny.” “Nuts or pears—fine Williams.” “Lemonade, -three-a-pence a bottle.” “Pears or grapes, all ripe, buy a nice bunch of -grapes, sir.” “Walnuts, eight a penny, fine walnuts.” “Milk, penny a -glass.” These and many other solicitations are made to unfortunate -visitors whilst reclining upon the sands or occupying seats, reading the -morning papers, Conservative, Radical, and Sporting, or engaged in -knitting, sewing, or fancy work of some kind, nursing, chatting, novel -reading, or lazily watching the ever-changing scene on the Beach, or -meditatively listening to the everlasting music of the sea. Fancy the -effect of such a succession of interruptions upon a couple who had passed -the spooning period of life and were intently engaged in writing, -probably letters to their friends, jotting down their impressions fresh -from the sands; before subscribing themselves as ‘Yours ozoneously, Jim, -or Jemima,’ we can imagine they would be able to lay much to the charge -of these itinerating traders. - - [Picture: Yarmouth beach in its summer aspect] - -[Picture: Spooning] Real fun, that is thoroughly appreciated by all -classes, is supplied when a sailing boat has to be drawn above high water -mark upon the beach. Young and old of both sexes and all classes -willingly lend a helping hand at the long rope, and merrily runs the -boat, responsive to the united pull, to the destined place. Spooning -couples are in profusion upon the sands. The vicinity of the Beach -Concert-ring appears to be a favoured spot with them. Groups of pleasure -seekers are reclining upon the clean, soft sand in all directions. Some -of them, like children, finding amusement in trifling things. The most -objectionable form of “larking” with each other is the throwing handfuls -of sand. Country bumpkins find special delight in this. Such a Tom -Tiddler’s ground would not be overlooked by gipsies; three of the tribe -are present with keen eyes for clients, and a sharp look out for -policemen. One of the gipsies tries to effect a capture, but the desired -coin is not forth-coming. But gipsies have not a monopoly in -fortune-telling. A bronzed peasant from the sunny south is here, with -birds and papers, ready to make any ninny-hammer giggle at the small -charge of one penny. “Ladies and gentlemens, these Indian birds will -take a planet of your fortune.” The next moment, and we find yet another -opportunity of peering into futurity, being invited to “try the Fairy -Press for your fortune” to be announced in the form of an Instantaneous -Photograph of your future partner; this also for one penny. -Photographers, without future pretences, of course, are here, and appear -to be in eager demand. Edwins and Harrys, who have already selected -their Angelinas, are prepared to pose placidly with them by their sides, -under the searching scrutiny of the Photographers’ lens. At the _al -fresco_ concert a small and select company are informed by the singer, in -connection with his song that his “wife was gone where briny breezes -blow, after being married four years and sixteen months.” At an Electric -Battery an interested group are watching a sturdy individual, who -declines to cry “peccavi” to the evident surprise of the electrician. -The next who submits himself is soon satisfied with his pennyworth. The -open door of the Camera Obscura invites those who prefer less excitable -pleasures to enter within its calm and retired seclusion, and there see -what is to be seen. The Happy Family is at hand to throw more -entertainment into the morning’s programme, and to give a lesson in -social and domestic felicity. Then the familiar face presents itself, of -one who is on excellent terms with himself, and with all around. Our -Beach friend, an illusionist, has just planted his little table upon the -sands, placed his guinea pig upon it, and is gratified to see the circle -of expectant admirers who immediately gather round. After widening the -circumference of the circle a second time, turning up his sleeves, etc., -he prefaces his usual performance with “Ladies and gentlemen, I shall -have much pleasure in showing you some entirely new tricks.” Before -performing the culminating trick, which is really extremely clever, he -favours the company with what he terms his “shell trick,” collecting -contributions first from the outsiders, whom he names “the gallery,” and -next from those within “the stalls.” For those desirous of being told -something about their own craniums and capabilities, there are three -Professors ready to enlighten them. The first we reach is delineating a -most unsatisfactory skull. He is advising the young woman, if she is in -the habit of drinking tea, to give it up, and to drink Cocoa instead, to -eat plenty of fruit, and to take all the out-door exercise she can, and -be in the sunshine as much as possible. He says, with much frankness, -“Her head is a large one; she has little respect for other people, will -tell them what she thinks of them, and will say much more than they like. -She thinks herself as good as other people. When anything happens she -does not like, she will go down in the dumps, and be like a dying duck in -a thunderstorm. She is not generous, and has not much confidence in -herself. She will be influenced more by love of approbation than by -religious influence. She is inclined to be severe to people, and I would -advise her to keep her monkey down, as when it is up it is a very warm -monkey indeed. She has a keen sense of the ridiculous, and can -appreciate it, and I would advise her to read Dickens’ works. She can -reason well and criticise well, and her tongue could go nineteen to the -dozen.” We find that Palmistry is being practised by the next Professor -upon the hand of a female. We hear him inform her that her fingers are -long; that she does not achieve all that she would like to achieve; that -her thoughts and imaginations are of a romantic kind; that her character -is flexible; that she has a disposition for a broad circle of friends, -and so on. The seat when vacated, is soon filled by a man. “This is the -hand of a mechanic, large, broad, takes a broad grasp. He would do very -well as a Civil Engineer. He does not confine his thoughts to every-day -life. He has a love of home, and a fondness of seeing the world very -broadly. He likes to know, and he _will_ know; he will stir up the water -till the mud rises but what he will know. He is a type of man who could -command as a general in the Army. In mercantile life he would succeed in -everything he undertakes. In politics he takes rather a broad range. He -is not an eloquent exponent of his own thoughts. He has a good memory, -can tell a story he has heard, and add a little to it. Imaginativeness -is well developed in his nature. He has the hand of one that is -tolerably cool; were he a gentleman with nothing in his pocket, he would -push on until he had made a fortune.” All this, and more the Professor -saw with the aid of a powerful magnifying glass. The third professor, a -lady, is endeavouring to get an occupant for an empty seat. “If any lady -be present who doesn’t wish to take her bonnet off, I am as able to read -her face as her head; or, if there are any persons present who would like -to have their hands read, I am quite prepared to do it.” How very -accommodating! - - [Picture: Yarmouth sands] - -All these things are going on within a comparatively small compass, -between the Britannia Tier and the Jetty. And now without being allured -into the “Skylark Tea Saloon,” where “small parties are catered for on -the Sands;” whether small parties of skylarks, or skylarking parties, we -were left to imagine; or, pausing to scan the Roadstead through the -telescope placed in readiness, or indulging in a seat in the weighing -machine, we pass on to a calmer region, where gratifications of a less -exciting character may be enjoyed. For this we had not to travel far. -Passing the boundary line of the Jetty we instantly find, between that -greatly improved structure and the Wellington Pier, a great -transformation scene has taken place. Loose sand and shingle have given -place to a capacious and beautifully terraced garden artistically laid, -adorned with vases and fountains, and with a bandstand in the centre. -While the young, the healthy and the boisterous may find the fullest -opportunities for thorough enjoyment elsewhere; here the quiet, the -weakly and the meditative may get away from the madding crowd and calmly -indulge in reflection. Between this garden and the sea, an Esplanade of -magnificent proportions has been made, and provided with sitting -accommodation along the entire length, where Visitors may, free of -charge, recline, facing the sea; and, whilst taking rest, may take in the -strains of sweet operatic music discoursed by the Military Band upon -their instruments; or, while perusing their favourite books, inhale the -fragrance of the flowers, or the ozone from the sea. When promenading -upon this Esplanade, we overheard the remark made by a Visitor (which is -probably often to be heard), “I don’t think Lowestoft is a patch upon -this place.” - - [Picture: The Esplanade and Beach Gardens] - -To lovers of peace and solitude, Yarmouth can hold forth an inviting -hand, and point to its miles of Marine Drive and its level Beach, with -its soft sands, rendered agreeably smooth and firm by the retreating tide -and dried by the sun. Seats and shelters in abundance have been provided -upon the Drive and the Jetty. A short rest in one of these agreeable -shelters will now be welcome, and, while resting, the visitor will find -ample food for reflection in observing the infinite variety in the -appearance and bearing of the many passers by. One thing is obvious: -there is unmistakable evidence of enjoyment stamped upon them all. - -By the Jetty are numerous Drags, awaiting the time to convey into the -country their complements of passengers. Persons fond of variety are -willing, for a short time, to leave the attractions of the Beach and -Jetty in exchange for a pleasant drive. A good choice of destinations is -given, Caister Castle, Ormesby Broad, Fritton Lake, Somerleyton Park and -Lowestoft being amongst the number. - -As we perambulate our spacious and recently much-improved Promenade on -the Marine Drive, we cannot fail to notice how great is the supply of -vehicles provided for all classes; numerous well-appointed carriages meet -our view; omnibuses, brakes, traps, bicycles, tricycles, goat chaises, -perambulators, Bath chairs, and donkeys are in readiness for all who -desire them. On the latter, venturesome visitors may feel perfectly -safe. - -Much more might be said, but we must now close and allow the second Beach -Garden, the Jetty, the two Piers, the Aquarium, the Tower, the Switchback -and Bicycle Railways, and the Sailors’ Home Museum to speak for -themselves. All we need remark is that each and all of these have -special attractions that are sought out and enjoyed by multitudes of -delighted Visitors. - -The busy scene we have depicted, of life and animation, of good temper -and well-earned enjoyment may be witnessed through the entire season in -propitious weather. The whole assembled multitude may be divided into -two classes, the pleasure seekers and those who minister to their -gratifications. Were some of the latter more considerate, and less -persistent in their endeavours “to make hay while the sun shines,” and -bear well in mind the fact that the enjoyment of seaside visitors -(although the bracing air conduces to appetite) does not altogether -consist in eating chocolate, sucking sweets, cracking nuts, drinking -half-pints of milk, consuming penny buns, or munching “beautiful -Williams:” our lovely and much resorted-to Beach, attractive as it is, in -spite of all these unnecessary drawbacks, would be more thoroughly -enjoyed and appreciated by the tens of thousands of Visitors who resort -to it year after year. - - * * * * * - - - - - By the same Author. - - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - A New and “Up-to-date” Edition of the - - FRIENDLY GUIDE TO YARMOUTH, - - A pleasant companion to Visitors when making an intelligent - perambulation of the interesting Old Town. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - Fully Illustrated TWOPENCE. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - May be had at the Parish Clerk’s Office, by the Parish Church - Gates, and at many shops in the Town. - - - - - ADVERTISEMENTS. {0} - - - ESTABLISHED OVER A CENTURY. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - - - ALDRED & SON, - Gold & Silversmiths, - - - WATCHMAKERS, - - Jewellers & Opticians. - - * * * * * - - 1837–1899 - Diamond Jubilee - Souvenirs - IN GOLD & GEM JEWELLRY. - - * * * * * - - [Picture: Flag brooches] FLAG BROOCHES, - Yacht Club Badges, - PINS, &c. - - * * * * * - - 56, GEORGE STREET, - GREAT YARMOUTH, - (_BETWEEN THE QUAY AND BROAD ROW_.) - - * * * * * - - - - BY THE SAME AUTHOR - - - [Picture: St. Nicholas Church, Yarmouth] - - JUST PUBLISHED. - - * * * * * - - _A NEW EDITION OF THE_ - History of St. Nicholas’ Church - GREAT YARMOUTH, - - Containing many new and interesting additions. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -The tendency of this book is to entertain, and aid in brightening dull -hours at home. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -To persons desirous of presenting friends with something really connected -with Yarmouth, in preference to an article made in Germany, this book -affords a favourable opportunity for so doing. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - In Paper Wrapper, 1/=. In Cloth, 2/- nett. - -Postage 3d. Or sent to any address in the town on receipt of the -published price, by the Author, - - E. J. LUPSON, Parish Clerk’s Office (Near the Church Gate.) - - * * * * * - - - - FREEMAN, HARDY & WILLIS - THE GREAT BOOT PROVIDERS, - - - Have the Largest and Best Assorted Stock of - TAN & BEACH - BOOTS & SHOES - IN YARMOUTH. - - 103, MARKET ROAD, - AND - 36, REGENT STREET. - - * * * * * - - - -[Picture: Illustration of Yarmouth Beach] - - -Visitors wishing to have their PHOTOGRAPHS artistically taken should go -to MILLER’S ROYAL PHOTOGRAPHIC STUDIO, and Fine Art Repository,14a, King -Street (corner of Regent Road), Great Yarmouth. A large stock of views -of the Town and Neighbourhood. - - [Picture: Illustration of Yarmouth Beach] - - - - VISITORS - - - CAN OBTAIN SINGLE BOTTLES OF - - WINE, - SPIRITS, - BEER, - CIDER, - - AT WHOLESALE PRICES, - AT - WILLIAMS, FRERE & Co’s. - - Old Established Stores, - 148, KING STREET, - GREAT YARMOUTH. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - PRICE LISTS ON APPLICATION. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - GOODS DELIVERED AT GORLESTON DAILY. - - * * * * * - - - - The Pioneer Screw Steamer - ‘LILY,’ - - - [Picture: Graphic of hand with heart symbol on it] - -_This popular Boat not only originated those delightful trips to -Gorleston_, _but is still the favourite_, _and is patronised_, _during -the season by_ - - THOUSANDS OF VISITORS, - _And Inhabitants of the Town_. - - * * * * * - -The Boat leaves the Town Hall Quay, hourly, every day (except Sundays), -commencing at 10 a.m. - - * * * * * - - FARES:—TWOPENCE; Children under 12 - ONE PENNY. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - Special arrangements for Parties: See Conductor - on board, or by letter, Mr. W. C. Harrison, - 69, Southtown, Yarmouth. - - * * * * * - - - - WHERE SHALL WE DINE? - AT - Randell’s - - - New Cafe Central Restaurant - - AND - - TEMPERANCE HOTEL, - - 42, MARKET PLACE, - GREAT YARMOUTH. - - * * * * * - - Central Situation. Commanding Position. - - Terms Moderate. No Charge for Attendance. - - CONTRACTS FOR LARGE OR SMALL PARTIES. - ACCOMMODATION FOR CYCLISTS. - - * * * * * - - BED AND BREAKFAST 2/6. - - _Comfort_, _Cleanliness & Economy_. - - * * * * * - - - - R. & T. MARTINS, - PRACTICAL TAILORS, - OUTFITTERS, - HATTERS AND HOSIERS. - - - * * * * * - -OUR CLOTH PURCHASES for the Present Season are from the Newest and most -Fashionable Shades and Colourings. - -SCOTCH AND IRISH Tweed Suitings. - -BLACK AND BLUE SERGES specially noted for Fast Colour and great -durability. - -OUR READY-MADE STOCK comprises Gentlemen’s Overcoats, Morning and Lounge -Suits, Vests and Trousers. - -ALSO Ready for immediate wear, Youths’ School Suits in Norfolk and Rugby -shapes. - -SAILOR SUITS in Serges and other materials. - -TENNIS AND BOATING SUITS. - -WATERPROOF of the best manufacture. - - * * * * * - - Latest Styles in Paris & Felt Hats & Caps. - - * * * * * - - GENTLEMEN’S HOSIERY IN PURE WOOL, MERINO, - GAUZE, COTTON, &c. - - White and Coloured Shirts. The Newest Dress Shirts. - - NOVELTIES IN TIES, SCARFS, COLLARS, GLOVES. - UMBRELLAS. - - * * * * * - - MARKET ROW, Great Yarmouth. - - * * * * * - - THE GREAT YARMOUTH CARPET WAREHOUSE. - - - - H. BIDDLECOMBE & Co., - - - Linen & Woollen Drapers, - SILK MERCERS & CARPET WAREHOUSEMEN. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - The latest styles in MANTLES, JACKETS & CAPES. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - Special shows during the Season of the Latest Styles - in English and French Millinery. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -An immense Stock of the NEWEST MATERIALS FOR DRESSES, COSTUME TWEEDS, -COVERT COATINGS, SERGES, HABIT CLOTHS. - - WELSH FREIZE FOR CYCLING COSTUMES. - - Mourning Orders promptly attended to. - FUNERALS COMPLETELY FURNISHED. - - THE YARMOUTH LINEN WAREHOUSE, - HOUSEHOLD LINENS, CALICOES, SHEETINGS, - BLANKETS, QUILTS, FLANNELS, &c. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - Design Book of Lace Curtains for 1897 Free on Application. - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - THE YARMOUTH CARPET WAREHOUSE - - The Cheapest House in the Eastern Counties for FLOOR CLOTHS, LINOLEUMS, - all kinds of CARPETS, HEARTHRUGS and BLINDS. An - immense stock to select from. - - Linoleums, Carpets, &c., fitted and planned by Experienced Workmen. - - _H. BIDDLECOMBE & Co._, - -Pay Carriage on parcels of Drapery, to the value of Twenty Shillings and -upwards, when ordered by post and remittance sent same time. - - Anything supplied in this manner and not approved can be exchanged. - - * * * * * - - 3, 4, 5, 6, KING STREET, GREAT YARMOUTH. - - * * * * * - - Visitors when in Yarmouth should - not fail to visit the - - - - RIVERS & BROADS - - - OF NORFOLK, - THE ONLY CIRCULAR ROUTE, - (65 Miles change of Scenery), is by - THE YARMOUTH & GORLESTON - Steamboat Company, Ltd., - (BRADLEY’S) - - WELL-APPOINTED STEAMERS, THE - - ‘YARMOUTH BELLE,’ - ‘Queen of the Broads,’ - AND - ‘PRIDE OF THE YARE.’ - - * * * * * - - Fares - 3/-, 2/6, 2/-. - - * * * * * - - Refreshments on Board. Separate Saloon for Ladies. - - * * * * * - - ESTABLISHED 22 YEARS. - - * * * * * - - - - The Noted Fish Establishment, - FROG’S HALL, - SOUTH MARKET ROAD - GREAT YARMOUTH. - - - * * * * * - - J. FLERTY. - -Having purchased the Good-will, Premises, and Plant of the above -Business, begs to inform the inhabitants of Great Yarmouth and -surrounding district that he will be daily receiving large consignments -of Soles, Turbot, Brill, Cod, &c., also Salmon, Trout, and all kinds of -Shell Fish in Season, which will be supplied at strictly moderate prices, -and trusts, by strict attention to all orders, promptitude of despatch, -and the supplying of Fish of the best quality only, to merit a -continuance of the support bestowed upon his predecessors. - -Bloaters, Kippers, and Smoked Haddocks of the finest quality. Hotels, -Visitors and Families waited upon daily. Fresh Fish carefully cleaned, -packed and sent to all parts of the kingdom. - - * * * * * - -ESTABLISHED 1880. - - - - THE - ‘YARMOUTH MERCURY,’ - GORLESTON HERALD & EAST NORFOLK ADVERTISER. - - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - _Best Penny Local Paper_. - - * * * * * - - LARGEST CIRCULATION. - - * * * * * - - OFFICES: - 36, KING STREET, GREAT YARMOUTH. - BRANCH: HIGH STREET, GORLESTON. - - * * * * * - - - - THE - STORES, - - - _Opposite the Bridge_, - QUAY, GT. YARMOUTH. - -Teas and Coffees, Aerated Waters and Drinks, - -Spices, Foreign Mineral Waters, - -Cocoas and Chocolates Perfumery, - -Dried Fruits, Toilet Brushes, Combs, &c., - -Groceries, Patent Medicines, - -Provisions, Homœpathic Medicines - -Household Brushes, Mats, Wooden Goods, &c. - -Italian Goods, - -Drugs and Chemicals, - - AT - _CO-OPERATIVE PRICES_. - - * * * * * - - J. E. CLOWES, - PROPRIETOR. - - - - -FOOTNOTES. - - -{0} In the printed pamphlet the advertisements are scattered throughout -the pamphlet, but in this transcription they have been moved to the end -to make the whole more readable. They retain their original page -numbers.—DP. - -{4} “The menne of Yarmouthe at that tyme beganne to growe in greate -strengthe and estimacion, for it appearethe by the Records in the Tower, -that in those daies there was some controversy between the men of the -Synque Portes of the one parte, and the men of Yarmouth on the other -parte, insomuch as the men of Yarmouthe prevayled in the sea greatlie -agenste the men of the Synque Portes, and did burn and take and spoyle -divers of there shippes, for which the Synque Portes compleyned to King -Edward Second.” - -In the year 1545, “Warres being betwene England and France, there were in -Yarmouthe Rode two Shippes laden with wheat to goe for Bolleyn” (to -Bolougne), “for the King’s Maties provisions, and upon Saint Andrews Daye -there came two Frenche Schippes of Warre throughe the Roade and boarded -the said two Englishe Shippes and cutte their cables, and were carreyenge -them away, whereof when tidenge was brought to Mr. Bailifes in the -Church” (it being a Saints day, the Corporation was attending morning -service at St. Nicholas’ Church). “All the whole Townsmen went out and -got there weapons and manned two other Shippes and rescued the said -King’s provisions and took six Frenchmen in the prises, and brought them -to Yarmouthe, and the two French Shippes did very hardlie escape the -takinge, but yet got awaye in the nyght tyme.”—Manship’s Foundation and -Antiquitye of Greate Yarmouthe. - -{11} In Swinden’s History, page 823, we find, “In the name of God Amen; -I, William Okey of Great Yarmouth, &c., bequeath to the beadmen of the -Church of St. Nicholas. 2s. of silver annually, to be received for ever, -out of my capital messuage, with the edifices and appurtenances, the -beer-house and ale-house in Great Yarmouth, &c., that the said beadmen -shall be chargeable to keep the anniversary of me, Juliana, my late wife; -Margaret, my wife; William, my brother; and Robert, my father; and Maud, -my mother; and for the faithful deceased, and for them pray annually for -ever at every head of a row in the town of Great Yarmouth.” The date of -this will appears to be 1349. - -{25} The following is inserted for the behoof of ardent admirers of the -“good old times,” when the Yarmouth Rows were in their meridian glory. -No better period for reflection could be selected than when in the full -glow of an enjoyable dip in the briny; the mind could then fully realise -the degeneracy of the present times as compared with the year 1571. “On -May 8th, 1571, Dr. Whitgift, Vice-Chancellor of the University of -Cambridge, and the Heads of Colleges, for many and weighty reasons, -decreed that if any scholar should go into any river, pool or other water -in the County of Cambridge, by day or night, to swim or wash, he should, -if under the degree of Bachelor of Arts, for the first offence, be -sharply and severely whipped publicly in the common hall of the College, -and on the next day should be again openly whipped in the public school -where he was, or ought to be, an auditor before all the auditors, by one -of the proctors, or some other assigned by the Vice-Chancellor; and for -the second offence every such delinquent shall be expelled his college -and the University for ever. But if he should be a Bachelor of Arts, -then for the first offence he should be put in the stocks for a whole -day, in the common hall of his College, and should, before he was -liberated, pay ten shillings towards the Commons of the College, and for -the second offence he should be expelled his College and the University. -And if he should be a Master of Arts, or Bachelor of Law, physic, or -music, or of superior degree, he should be severely punished, at the -judgment and discretion of the Master of his College, or, in his absence, -of the President and one of the Deans.” Cooper’s _Annals of Cambridge_ -Vol. ii. p. 377. - - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ANCIENT ROWS OF GREAT YARMOUTH*** - - -******* This file should be named 62630-0.txt or 62630-0.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/2/6/3/62630 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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