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-The Project Gutenberg eBook, David Morgan, the Welsh Jacobite, by William

-Llewellin

-

-

-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most

-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions 

-whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of

-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at 

-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have

-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.

-

-

-

-

-Title: David Morgan, the Welsh Jacobite

-       a contribution to the history of Jacobitism in Wales

-

-

-Author: William Llewellin

-

-

-

-Release Date: May 17, 2020  [eBook #62163]

-

-Language: English

-

-Character set encoding: UTF-8

-

-

-***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DAVID MORGAN, THE WELSH JACOBITE***

-

-

-Transcribed from the 1862 R. Mason edition by David Price, email

-ccx074@pglaf.org

-

-                   [Picture: Public domain book cover]

-

-

-

-

-

-                              DAVID MORGAN,

-                           THE WELSH JACOBITE;

-

-

-                            A CONTRIBUTION TO

-

-                        THE HISTORY OF JACOBITISM

-

-                                IN WALES.

-

-                                * * * * *

-

-                                    BY

-                   WILLIAM LLEWELLIN, F.G.S., F.G.H.S.,

-                              &c., &c., &c.

-

-                                * * * * *

-

-               Reprinted from the “Cambrian Journal,” 1861.

-

-                                * * * * *

-

-                                  TENBY:

-                    PRINTED BY R. MASON, HIGH STREET.

-                                  1862.

-

-                                * * * * *

-

-

-

-

-DAVID MORGAN,

-THE WELSH JACOBITE.

-

-

-    “Although my lands are fair and wide,

-    Its here no longer I must bide;

-    Yet my last hoof, and horn, and hide,

-             I’ll gie to bonnie Charlie.

-

-    “Although my heart is unco sair,

-    And lies fu’ lowly in its lair,

-    Yet the last drap of blude that’s there,

-             I’ll gie for bonnie Charlie.”

-

-                                                        _Jacobite Ballad_.

-

-ONE of the most romantic and spirit-stirring episodes in English History

-is that presented to us by the last effort of the partisans of the

-expelled House of Stuart to place the representative of the exiled family

-on the throne of his ancestors.

-

-The Rebellion of 1745 has been acknowledged universally to have been

-remarkable for the interesting incidents, and romantic adventures, to

-which it gave rise; and the annals of history do not furnish examples of

-greater personal sacrifices, more exalted heroism, and chivalrous

-devotion, than were exhibited during that momentous struggle.

-

-In these peaceful times, and blessed with institutions that afford the

-fullest security for the preservation of our civil and religious

-liberties, it is difficult to conceive the stormy struggles to which the

-country was subjected, in the efforts of our forefathers, amid contending

-factions, to secure and maintain the liberties which we now enjoy, and to

-hand them down to us unimpaired.  Still more difficult is it to realize

-the fact, that very little more than a century has passed since this

-country was the scene of a fierce civil war, in which members of the same

-family were arrayed against each other in hostile conflict, and, during

-the progress of which, and of the ruthless and vindictive executions that

-followed it, the bravest blood of Britain,—that of the devoted, though

-mistaken, adherents of the Stuarts,—was poured out like water on their

-native soil.

-

-The circumstances out of which this great conflict originated may be thus

-briefly detailed.  The continued infraction of the laws by a systematic

-indifference to every principle of legality, the violation of the

-liberties of the people, the brutal cruelty and senseless obstinacy, the

-persistent determination to deprive the Episcopal and Presbyterian

-Churches of their rights and privileges, and to restore the domination of

-the Roman Catholic Church, which characterized the proceedings of James

-II. during his short and most unhappy reign, completely alienated the

-affections of his subjects, and eventually led the best and greatest men

-of the country to seek the aid of the Prince of Orange, afterwards

-William III., against the tyranny and oppression to which they were

-subjected.

-

-The flight of the King, and the successful accomplishment, and glorious

-results of the Revolution of 1688, speedily followed that movement, and

-the stable and permanent advantages, and constitutional reforms, that

-subsequently had their origin in the Bill of Rights, were thus secured to

-us.

-

-While experiencing those manifold benefits, and realizing the blessed

-results of the solid guarantees for the maintenance and extension of

-their liberties, that sprung out of the expulsion of James II., and when

-there were numbers of living men, who had not only been witnesses, but

-were also victims of his oppression and misrule, it is passing strange

-that such a feeling should have existed among any considerable body of

-the people as could have rendered possible the Rebellions of 1715 and

-1745, and have enlisted in favour of the Stuarts, and enrolled among

-their enthusiastic adherents, many men of high position, and extensive

-territorial possessions.  But, though at the period of the outbreak of

-1715, only 27 years had elapsed, and not more than 57 years had passed,

-when the Rebellion of 1745 occurred, since the Revolution, the

-resentment, the sense of wrong, and the many painful impressions produced

-on the public mind by the occurrences of James II.’s fated and luckless

-reign, though not wholly effaced, had unquestionably been very

-considerably subdued and obliterated.  The sons and grandsons of the

-brave and devoted Cavaliers, who fought and bled for their King in the

-bloody fields of Naseby and Worcester, and who sacrificed wealth and life

-in the royalist cause, clung tenaciously to the recollections associated

-with those unhappy days, and still sympathised with the fallen fortunes

-of the Stuarts.

-

-A considerable amount of discontent also existed in the country,

-occasioned by the impolitic and unseemly preference shown by the two

-first Georges for their Hanoverian subjects, which partiality, natural as

-it may have been, was, in a King of England, excessively indiscreet, and,

-by its undisguised, and even occasionally ostentatious manifestations,

-calculated to excite among his subjects feelings of considerable

-dissatisfaction and discontent.  Those monarchs were likewise known to

-possess a very imperfect acquaintance, which they made no efforts to

-extend, with the language, laws, and constitution of England; and, prior

-to the outbreak of the last Rebellion, in 1745, the unpopularity of

-George II. had become so decided as to render it extremely probable that

-a movement, well conceived and skilfully carried out, for the restoration

-of the old dynasty, might be successful.  For, throughout the country,

-and even in London, the people appear to have formed a highly favourable

-estimate of the Pretender, (of whom zealous Jacobites had spread the most

-glowing accounts,) and to have entertained a higher regard for his

-personal character than they felt for that of George.  Indeed, had there

-not existed the apprehension that, with their restoration, the hereditary

-passion for arbitrary power that had ever characterized the Stuarts would

-once more have manifested itself, there were few patriotic Englishmen who

-would not gladly have given their adherence to them, and so have relieved

-themselves of a dynasty that had not from the first been particularly

-popular, and that was then very generally regarded with contempt and

-dislike.

-

-The restoration of the Stuarts, although not actively promoted by the

-majority of the people, was not, however, regarded with any feelings

-approaching abhorrence, nor did they even extend to very serious dislike.

-Several of the most distinguished noblemen and gentlemen were already

-zealous Jacobites, while many more regarded the movements and

-conspiracies in favour of the Stuarts either with favour or indifference.

-

-The relations that existed between the great landowners and their tenants

-and dependents so largely partook, even at that comparatively recent

-period, of the spirit and characteristics of the feudal system, that few

-of the territorial families would have experienced much difficulty in

-gathering together, and bringing into the field, very formidable bodies

-of armed retainers, in behalf of any cause which they had espoused, and

-desired to uphold.  This, however, was more especially the case in

-Scotland and Wales.

-

-In the latter country, as in Scotland, the Jacobites were very numerous,

-and the loyalty that had been the characteristic of the Welsh people in

-the troubled times of the great Rebellion, and which made Wales almost

-the last rallying place of the unhappy Charles Stuart, and his devoted

-followers, still existed among the Welsh people, and rendered them ready

-to undergo the greatest personal sacrifices, or to encounter any perils,

-in upholding the cause of his unfortunate descendant. {7}

-

-Had Charles Stuart followed the counsels that were freely urged upon him

-during the ill-judged retreat from Derby, and marched his forces into

-Wales, it is probable that a formidable rising would have occurred in

-that country, and that, if not ultimately successful, the struggle would

-have been greatly prolonged, and have proved of a still more serious and

-sanguinary character.

-

-But, had that course been adopted, and failure ensued, several of the

-great Welsh landed proprietors would have been involved in the ruin that

-overtook so many of the leading Scottish Jacobites, and their heads would

-most assuredly have fallen on the scaffold.  As it was, the Duke of

-Beaufort, with hereditary devotion to the Stuarts, and Sir Watkin Wynn,

-were so seriously compromised as to place them for a time in considerable

-danger.

-

-The infamous Secretary Murray, of Broughton, revealed the whole of the

-particulars of the Jacobite intrigues and conspiracies that had existed

-since the year 1740, and made such criminatory statements, with respect

-to the complicity of the Duke, and Sir Watkin, as clearly proved their

-active participation in the plots that had preceded and led to the

-Rebellion.  The law, however, required that, in cases of treason, _two_

-witnesses should depose to the facts on which the charge was founded; and

-it was consequently found impracticable to proceed against them on

-Murray’s traitorous testimony.  It is, moreover, suspected that the king

-and the government felt indisposed to have them impeached, fearing that

-the prosecution of men so powerful and influential might give rise to

-serious disturbances, and cause a further outbreak of a still more

-dangerous character than that which had been so recently suppressed.

-

-In addition to the Duke of Beaufort, and Sir Watkin Wynn, many of the

-leading noblemen and gentlemen, throughout North and South Wales, were

-intimately associated with the intrigues of the Jacobites.  Among those

-most deeply involved, and who made the greatest sacrifices for the cause

-of the Stuarts, was William, Marquis of Powis, who followed James II.

-into France, and was by him created Duke of Powis, and so designated at

-the Court of St. Germain’s.  The fourth daughter of this nobleman, Lady

-Winifred Herbert, became the wife of the Earl of Nithsdale; and the

-remarkable devotion and heroic courage with which she devised, and

-successfully accomplished, the escape of her beloved husband, when left

-for execution, entitle her to an exalted place among the heroines of

-Wales.

-

-The Earl had been one of the most prominent leaders of the Rebellion in

-1715; and, after its suppression, was apprehended, tried, and sentenced

-to death.  His devoted wife exhausted every effort to obtain his pardon,

-and sought, by the most strenuous and piteous appeals, to move the King

-to mercy.  Finding, however, that her prayers and entreaties were

-disregarded, and that no other hope remained to her, this dauntless

-woman, undismayed by difficulties and dangers before which most hearts

-would have quailed, and sank into despair, wrought out a most heroic

-scheme for effecting the escape of the Earl from the Tower, and had the

-inexpressible happiness of releasing him from his prison, and placing him

-far beyond the reach of his pursuers.  In doing this, her own safety, and

-even life, were seriously imperilled; but, by the interposition of

-influential individuals attached to the Court, a merciful view was taken

-of her case, and she was eventually permitted to pass over to the

-continent, to rejoin the husband she had saved.  To Welshmen it will be a

-gratifying fact that, associated with her in those efforts to preserve

-the Earl from the scaffold, and all essential to her success, were her

-“dear Evans,” a maid or companion, and a Mrs. Morgan, both of whom appear

-to have been faithful Welsh dependents of the family of Powis, and wholly

-devoted to the Countess.

-

-Though the precise extent of his complicity have escaped my inquiries,

-and I have failed to obtain clear evidence on the subject, I find it

-generally asserted, throughout the district in which he resided, that the

-great landed proprietor, Mr. Lewis, of the Van, Caerphilly,—“Ysguier

-Lewis gwych o’r Van,”—from whom the Marquis of Bute, and the Baroness

-Windsor, inherit their great estates in Glamorganshire, was discovered to

-have participated in one of the numerous plots for the restoration of the

-Stuarts, and to have had a fine imposed upon him of £10,000.  Such a sum

-in those days would have been accounted a large one; and to procure it, a

-large extent of land, in the vicinity of Merthyr-Tydfil, (then a humble

-village containing less than a dozen houses,) and elsewhere, had to be

-sold; and it is said that, among the properties that were then disposed

-of, were the Court, Mardy, and other estates, that have subsequently

-proved of very great value.

-

-The uncompromising Jacobite feeling of one of the old Welsh proprietors

-is displayed in an anecdote that has been related of Sir Charles Kemys,

-of Cefn Mabley.  It is said of him that, during his travels on the

-continent, he paid a visit to Hanover, and was treated with marked regard

-by the Elector; and, it is supposed, that he owed that distinction to the

-lessons which he gave to the Court and Sovereign in the British

-accomplishments of drinking and smoking tobacco.  Shortly after his

-elevation to the throne of England, George expressed a strong desire to

-see his former friend, Sir Charles Kemys, and, as he persisted in the

-wish, he was informed by the courtiers that Sir Charles was not well

-affected to the present dynasty.  “Poo!  Poo!” said the King, “tell him

-he must come up, I long to smoke a pipe with him.”  This command having

-been conveyed to Sir Charles, he is said to have declined the invitation

-in those terms,—“I should be happy to smoke a pipe with him as Elector of

-Hanover, but I can’t think of it as King of England.” {9}

-

-The traditions that still linger among the Welsh hills show that Jacobite

-principles were not confined to the landowners, but also prevailed among

-the farmers and peasants.  Of those traditionary stories, one is told of

-an old Welsh farmer, residing at a farm called Pen Craig Fargoed, in the

-parish of Gelligare, Glamorganshire, and who appears to have been a

-devoted adherent of the Stuarts.  A witty fellow in the neighbourhood,

-rather remarkable for his acuteness, and, withal, somewhat addicted to

-rhyming, to meet some pressing necessity, had borrowed a guinea from his

-neighbour, “yr hên bapist,” and, on meeting him subsequently, without

-having the power to repay him the loan, with the view of propitiating

-him, addressed him in the following terms, and, it is said, greatly

-pleased him, and obtained all the indulgence that he sought:—

-

-    “Tri ffeth ’rwy yn ei archi,

-    Cael echwyn am y guni,

-    A chael Pretendwr ar y faink

-    A chael bath Ffraink y dali.”

-

-Which, for the benefit of those unacquainted with the Welsh language, may

-be thus translated:—

-

-    “Three things do I desire,

-    To have indulgence for the guinea;

-    And have the Pretender on the throne;

-    And have French money to pay with.”

-

-In North Wales the Jacobites appear to have been numerous and powerful.

-A social meeting that existed very recently, if it does not still exist,

-at Wrexham, and known as the “Cycle,” was originally a secret assembly of

-the Jacobites, established in Denbighshire, for the object of upholding

-and promoting the pretensions of the young Pretender, Prince Charles

-Edward, to the throne of this country.  The rules of this society, to

-which the signatures of several of its leading members were appended,

-were published, about thirty years back, in the _Cambrian Quarterly

-Journal_; {10} and, as that work possessed a limited circulation, and has

-now become scarce, its reproduction may interest many persons to whom it

-would otherwise be unknown.  This list of the names of the members is one

-of the earliest known.  More recent ones are stated to have been drawn up

-in the form of a round robin; which, it is suspected, was adopted to

-prevent the possibility of either of the members being proceeded against

-as the principal of an assembly that was clearly of a treasonable

-character.

-

-    “We, whose names are underwritten, do promise at ye time and place to

-    our names respectively affixed, and to observe the rules following,

-    viz.

-

-    Imprs.  Every member of this society shall, for default of his

-    appearance, submit to be censur’d, and shall thereupon be censur’d by

-    the judgmt of the society.

-

-    2ndly.  Every member yt cannot come shall be obliged to send notice

-    of his non-appearance by 12 of the clock at noon, together with his

-    reason in writing, otherwise his plea shall not excuse him, if within

-    the compass of fifteen miles from the place of meeting.

-

-    3rdly.  Each member obliges himself to have dinner upon the table by

-    12 o clock {11} at noon, from Michaelmas to Lady-day, and, from

-    Lady-day till Michaelmas, at 1 of the clock.

-

-    4thly.  The respective masters of the places of meeting oblige

-    themselves to take down in writing each default, and to deliver in

-    the same at the general meeting.

-

-    5thly.  Every member shall keep a copy of these articles by him, to

-    prevent plea of mistake.

-

-    6thly.  It is agreed yt a general meeting shall be held by all ye

-    subscribers at the house of Daniel Porter, Junr. holden in Wrexham,

-    on the 1st day of May, 1724, by 11 of ye clock in the forenoon, and

-    there to dine; and to determine upon all points relating to and

-    according to the sense and meaning of those articles.

-

-    1723 (Signed)

-

-    Thos. Puleston, May 21st (eldest son of Sir Roger Puleston, of

-    Emral).

-    Rich. Clayton, June 11th.

-    Eubule Lloyd, (of Penyllan,) July 2nd.

-    Robtt. Ellis, July 23rd.

-    W. Wms. Wynn, (of Wynnstay,) Augt. 13th

-    Jno. Puleston, (of Pickhill,) Sep. 3rd.

-    Thos. Eyton, (of Leeswood,) Sep. 24th.

-    Wm. Edwards, Oct. 15th

-    Thomas Holland, Nov. 6th.

-    Ken Eyton, (of Eyton,) Nov. 26th.

-    Phil. Egerton, (of Oulton,) Dec. 17th.

-    Jno. Robinson, (of Gwersyllt,) Jany. 8th.

-    Geo. Shackerly, (of Gwersyllt,) Jany. 29th.

-    Robt. Davies, (of Gwyssany,) Feb. 19th.

-    John Puleston, (of Hafod y Wern,) March 13th.

-    Broughton Whitehall, (of Broughton,) April 3rd.

-    Wm. Hanmer, April 24th, 1724.”

-

-In the second volume of the same Journal, {12} a tale was published

-anonymously, that exhibited considerable ability, and was especially

-interesting from the circumstance of its introducing the hero, Meredith

-Alynton, to the members of the Cycle Club, that was supposed to have

-assembled for one of its meetings at Wynnstay, the princely residence of

-Sir Watkin Wynn.  In the description of this scene, the author has very

-agreeably and skilfully blended fact with fiction, and has introduced

-into this portion of the tale two remarkably interesting songs, that are

-stated to have been veritable Jacobite relics, and which were then

-printed for the first time.  It is believed that they were written

-specially for the Cycle Club; and, at the time of their publication, the

-MSS. had been in the possession of Owen Ellis, Esq., a descendant of one

-of the original members of the Club, and his ancestors, for upwards of a

-century.  As those songs are curious, and very little known, they are

-here reprinted.

-

-

-

-OF QUARRELS, AND CHANGES, AND CHANGELINGS, I SING.

-

-

-   Of quarrels, and changes, and changelings, I sing,

-   Of courtiers and cuckolds, too; God save the King!

-   Now Munster’s fat grace lies in somebody’s place,

-   And hopeful and so forth are turned out to grass;

-   O, G—e, thou’st done wisely to make such a pother

-   Between one German w—e and the son of another.

-

-   Now that son of another, so stubborn and rusty,

-   Is turn’d out of doors, and thy favors, most justly,

-   Since he was so unwise as his child to baptize,

-   He may e’en thank himself if you bastardize.

-   For there ne’er would have been all this wrangling work,

-   If, instead of a Christian, he had bred him a Turk.

-

-   The youth that so long had dwelt under thy roof,

-   Might sure have found out, by many a good proof,

-   That you ne’er were so mild as to be reconciled,

-   If once you’re provok’d, to man, woman, or child.

-   But, alas, for poor England, what hopes can be had

-   From a prince not so wise as to know his own dad!

-

-   Were he twice more thy son than e’er anyone thought him,

-   There are forty and forty good reasons to out him,

-   For he trod on the toe of a gallant young beau,

-   And made it so sore that he hardly could go;

-   And unless for this due correction he feels,

-   Who knows but he soon may tread on thy own heels!

-

-   Of your heels, oh! take care, let no one abuse ’em,

-   For it may be you’ll soon have occasion to use ’em,

-   For if J—y should land, you’d soon understand

-   That one pair of heels is worth two pair of hands;

-   And then the pert whipster will find, I suppose,

-   Other work for his feet than to tread on folk’s toes.

-

-

-

-ROBIN JOHN CLARK.

-

-

-   Ye true bacchanals come to Ned of the Dales,

-      And there let’s carouse oe’r a butt of strong liquor,

-   Bring with you no shirkers, nor friends to usurpers,

-      But souls that will drink till their pulses beat quicker.

-   May the courtier who snarls at the friend of Prince C—s,

-      And eke who our houses and windows made dark,

-   Ne’er pilfer much treasure, nor taste of such pleasure;

-      Then hark to the chorus of Robin John Clark.

-

-   May each bung his eye till the vessel’s quite dry,

-      And drink to the low’ring extravagant taxes;

-   For the spirit of Britain, by foreigners spit on,

-      Quite cold by oppression and tyranny waxes.

-   Then here’s to the toast, tho’ the battle was lost,

-      And he who refuses a traytor we’ll mark:

-   Here’s a health to the prince, not meaning from whence,

-      For thus sings the chorus of Robin John Clark.

-

-   Then fill up another to the good duke his brother,

-      Not meaning that blood-thirsty cruel assassin;

-   May the Scotch partisans recollect their stout clans,

-      Their force, twenty thousand in number surpassing;

-   May they enter Whitehall, old St. James’s, and all,

-      While the troops are for safety encamp’d in the park;

-   May kind heaven inspire each volley and fire,

-      For thus sings the chorus of Robin John Clark.

-

-   Hand in hand let us joyn against such as combine,

-      And dare to enslave with vile usurpation;

-   Whenever time offers, we’ll open our coffers,

-      And fight to retrieve the bad state of the nation.

-   We’ll not only drink, but we’ll act as we think,

-      We’ll take the brown musket, the sword, and the dirk,

-   Thro’ all sorts of weather, we’ll trade it together,

-      So God bless the chorus of Robin John Clark.

-

-In a note to this tale it is stated that tradition reports that the young

-Pretender visited the Principality prior to the Rebellion; but this

-statement is scarcely credible, nor is there any evidence in support of

-its truth.  It is, however, indisputable, that he reckoned the greater

-number of the wealthy landowners of Wales among his adherents, and one of

-the original projects of his army, in its advance from Scotland, was that

-of marching into Wales, where the people, and even the clergy, {14a} were

-well known to be warmly devoted to the Stuarts, while the character of

-the country was considered to be favourable to the desultory mode of

-warfare practised by the Highlanders.  Anticipating that such a course

-would be adopted, several of the leading gentry had prepared themselves

-to join him, and many of them had left their houses, and were actually on

-their way to meet him, {14b} when the mortifying intelligence reached

-them of the retreat from Derby.  At that period, the influence of the

-gentry of Wales over their tenantry, and the peasantry generally, was

-very great, and it is extremely probable that an advance into Wiles would

-have secured to the Pretender an immense accession to his forces.  The

-unexpected retreat, however, prevented any rising among the Welsh, and

-the adherents of the Stuarts were thus saved from the ruin in which most

-probably they would otherwise have been eventually involved.  They were

-fully prepared to risk both life and estate in the cause of the prince

-whom they loved, though that prince, like other Stuarts, may, after all,

-have proved unworthy of their sacrifices and devotion.  Tradition states

-that, for many years subsequent to the memorable Forty-Five, {15a} the

-Welsh squires, at their convivial meetings, were accustomed to discuss

-and dispute as to the share which each had taken in the movement, and the

-respective distances that intervened between them and the prince’s army,

-when the news of the retreat reached them, and compelled them to return

-to their homes.  In a letter written many months subsequently, {15b} the

-young Pretender, while referring incidently to Mr. Barry, states that he

-“arrived at Derby two days after I parted.  He had been sent by Sir

-Watkin Wynn to assure me, in the name of my friends, that they were ready

-to join me in what manner I pleased.”

-

-The prince himself is said to have been most anxious to proceed into

-Wales; {15c} for at Derby, when the retreat was under discussion, and all

-his arguments in favour of an advance to London had proved unavailing,

-he, at last, “as a middle course, proposed that they should march into

-Wales, to give their partizans in that country an opportunity of

-joining.” {15d}

-

-Foremost and boldest among those who contended for a forward movement,

-and counselled the advance upon Loudon, was David Morgan.  He

-determinedly opposed the retreat, and clearly foresaw its disastrous

-consequences.  W hen he found that the Scottish commanders had actually

-commenced the retrograde movement, and that the troops were in full

-retreat for Scotland, it is stated by one of the leading noblemen {16}

-connected with the Pretender, that “Mr. Morgan, an English gentleman,

-came up to Mr. Vaughan, who was riding with the Life Guards, and after

-saluting him, said, ‘D— me, Vaughan, they are going to Scotland!’  Mr.

-Vaughan replied, ‘wherever they go, I am determined, now I have joined

-them, to go along with them.’  Upon which Mr. Morgan said, with an oath,

-‘I had rather be _hanged_ than go to Scotland to _starve_.’  Mr. Morgan

-_was hanged_ in 1746; and Mr. Vaughan _is an officer in Spain_.”

-

-David Morgan, or, as he is occasionally designated, David Thomas Morgan,

-was one of the boldest spirits associated with this momentous struggle.

-He was among the first of the English, or Welsh, Jacobites to join the

-forces of Charles Edward on his advance into England, and remained by his

-side until the forward movement had been finally abandoned, and all hope

-of a successful issue to the enterprize had been lost.

-

-As was the case with many of the unfortunate participators in the

-Rebellion, it was the fortune of David Morgan to be misrepresented by the

-partisans of the reigning dynasty, and to have his memory assailed by the

-most injurious aspersions, and discreditable calumnies.  Long after the

-turbulent times in which these brave and hapless men lived, it would have

-been unsafe to suggest any palliation of their offence, to express any

-sorrow for their melancholy fate, or to seek to defend their memories

-from unmerited ignomy, and unjustifiable slander.  And, yet many of those

-whose memories have been clouded, and whose names have been involved in

-partial oblivion, were men of the highest honour, the most refined

-intelligence, and chivalrous self-devotion.  In supporting the cause of

-the prince, whom they regarded as the only lawful heir to the throne of

-their country, the highest order of personal bravery, romantic heroism,

-and complete disregard of all selfish considerations were evoked, and

-called into existence.  With a lofty disdain of the dangers which they

-incurred, they braved the fearful penalties which the barbarous laws

-relating to High Treason then awarded to its luckless victims, and were

-content to sacrifice their positions (distinguished and influential as

-many of them were), their homes, and fortunes, and even life itself, for

-the cherished idea to which they clung, and were devoted.  For themselves

-individually, few of them could have anticipated much personal advantage,

-even from a successful issue to their struggle; while all that men

-cherished and held dear were fearfully imperilled.  Yet these were the

-men whom a merciless but dominant faction doomed to deaths invested with

-every horror that cruelty and a brutal law could devise, and pursued with

-malignant and unrelenting ferocity, even after they had expiated with

-their lives the offences into which their mistaken but noble devotion had

-led them.

-

-Among the adherents of the young Pretender there were few who evinced

-more devoted attachment to his cause, albeit a desperate one, than David

-Morgan.  He appears to have received prompt information of the movements

-of Charles Edward, and to have been aware, at an early period, of the

-projected advance into England.  The army of the Pretender commenced its

-adventurous march from Carlisle, where the onward movement was finally

-decided upon, on the 20th of November, 1745; and arrived at Preston, in

-Lancashire, on the 27th, {17a} where the two divisions into which their

-forces had been divided were again united, and rested for the day.

-

-Here it was that David Morgan joined them, with a friend, whose name is

-unknown to me, but who, together with his servant, had accompanied him

-from Monmouthshire. {17b}  At the distance of a mile, or so, from the

-town, the two gentlemen dismounted, and leaving their horses in charge of

-the servant, walked to Preston, in order to elude observation, and to

-avoid creating any suspicion of their intention to join the rebels.

-

-The circumstance of its appearing in evidence that he had left

-Monmouthshire with his friend probably caused it to be inferred that he

-resided in that county.  Such, however, was not the case.  His residence

-was in Glamorganshire, though close to the borders of the adjoining

-county of Monmouth.  It is somewhat singular that the house of his

-father’s nativity, if not of his also, as well as that in which he

-resided, though nearly 20 miles apart, were situated in nearly the same

-relative position with reference to the counties of Monmouth and

-Glamorgan; and were, in each case, not far removed from the Rhymney

-river, which divides those shires.

-

-He appears to have spent much of his time in London, and to have

-possessed a residence there; but, when staying in Glamorganshire, he

-resided at Penygraig Taf, which, at that period, must have been a

-singularly secluded and solitary place.  It is situated in the hamlet of

-Forest, in the parish of Merthyr-Tydfil, and occupies an elevated and

-picturesque position on the summit of the hill that divides the Taff from

-the Bargoed Taff valley, and is now a farm-house, retaining nothing in

-its character to distinguish it from the ordinary dwelling of a Welsh

-farmer.  At that period, the population must have been very limited, and

-widely scattered; so that few scenes could be found of greater seclusion,

-or more conducive to quiet and calm contentment.

-

-The river Taff, that flowed far below in the depths of the valley, was

-then unpolluted by the dross and impure refuse of the mines and

-manufactures of Merthyr-Tydfil, and, except when agitated into wrathful

-turbulence by storms, and the rapid influx of mountain torrents, rippled

-by in pure and calm serenity.  The small forge, at which iron had been

-manufactured as early as the reign of Henry VIII., if not previously, at

-the place now called Pontygwaith, or the bridge of the work, and

-immediately below Penygraig, on the opposite side of the river, had long

-ceased to resound in the valley, and Merthyr-Tydfil was then a quiet

-village, containing perhaps at most a score of houses, or so.  And now,

-when little more than a century has passed away, how wonderfully have all

-things changed, and the stillness of this remote locality been invaded.

-Midway up the side of the valley, not more than a mile from Penygraig

-House, now stands the Quaker’s-Yard Station of the West Midland Railway,

-and the two noble viaducts that carry the Taff Vale and the West Midland

-Railways across the Taff river; while at an equally short distance,

-stands another viaduct of elegant proportions that spans the tributary

-valley of Bargoed Taff.

-

-In this quiet spot David Morgan was roused from what may possibly have

-been peaceful dreams of happiness, and calm domesticity, to participate

-in the anxieties and perils of the Rebellion.  On receiving the first

-intimation of the Pretender’s arrival in Scotland, he departed from

-Penygraig, to return there no more; and there is a tradition still extant

-in that neighbourhood that, in starting on his fatal journey, he stopped

-at Efail Llancaiach, which still exists as a smithy, to have his horse

-shod, and is stated so have said to the smith, in Welsh, “You are against

-me now, but when I return you will be all with me.”  He then appears to

-have proceeded to join the friend of whom previous mention has been made,

-and to have journeyed with him on horseback through North Wales into

-Cheshire, where he paid a visit to an acquaintance residing at Etherton

-Hall.  From thence he rode to Preston, in Lancashire, as already stated,

-to join the army of the Pretender.

-

-It is quite manifest that he must have been very actively and

-influentially engaged in the movement prior to this, and well known by

-reputation, if not by actual correspondence, to Prince Charles Edward, as

-he was immediately received into his confidence, and held so prominent a

-position in his counsels as to cause him to be designated the

-“Pretender’s Counsellor.” {19}

-

-He accompanied the army in its onward march to Manchester, where it

-arrived on the 29th.  Though he had joined them only two days previously,

-he was shown on his trial to have been one of the most prominent actors

-in the proceedings that took place in that town.  The Pretender was

-received at Manchester with demonstrations of high satisfaction, and a

-large number of the inhabitants enrolled themselves among his supporters,

-under the designation of “the Manchester Regiment,” the command of which

-was offered, in the first place, to David Morgan.  He, however, declined

-the position, and the unfortunate Colonel Towneley, {20a} who, Morgan

-said, “was much fitter than he was for such an office,” a Roman Catholic

-gentleman of ancient family, high reputation, and more than ordinary

-attainments, consented to assume the command.  But, though declining to

-undertake any special command, he marched with the army as a gentleman

-volunteer, was particularly active and prominent, and appears to have

-been invested with considerable authority.  He obtained an order from

-Secretary Murray {20b} to search for arms, and for their surrender on

-pain of military execution; and it was proved by one of the constables of

-Manchester that he had obtained possession of arms, which he had

-delivered at the lodgings of “Squire Morgan.”  He wore a white cockade in

-his hat, and a sword by his side.  It was likewise shown that he paid the

-expenses, when the officers and he dined together; and as one of the

-witnesses stated at his trial, “gave all the directions about

-everything,” and rode at the side of the Pretender, mounted on a bay

-horse.  It was further given in evidence against him, that, “being at

-dinner with several rebel officers at Derby, he asked Lord Elcho what

-number of men they had? to which his lordship answered, about 4 or 5000,

-and 17 pieces of cannon.  That he then asked, what religion the young

-Pretender was of? and Lord Elcho replied, shaking his head, that he

-believed his religion was to seek.  That the prisoner advised to beat up

-for volunteers, and said that it would be an easy matter to march to

-London; for that there were not above 3000 soldiers between London and

-that city, and those mostly dragoons, except a few undisciplined troops

-lately raised by Lords Gower and Cholmondely, who could make but little

-opposition.” {21}

-

-They departed from Manchester on the 1st of December, and, marching

-through Congleton, Leek, and Ashbourn, they entered on the 4th December

-into the town of Derby, which was only one hundred and twenty-seven miles

-distant from the metropolis.

-

-The news of the Pretender having arrived at that town soon reached

-London, and struck terror into the hearts of those who were unfavourable

-to the Stuarts’ cause; and the King was so seriously alarmed, that he

-ordered his yacht to be loaded with his valuables, and to remain at the

-Tower Quay, prepared to start at the shortest intimation.  At this time,

-precarious as the Prince’s position unquestionably was, a bold dash in

-the direction of London would probably have rendered him the possessor of

-the throne of England.  Weaker counsels, however, prevailed; the whole of

-the principal leaders imperatively urged a retreat into Scotland, and the

-Prince was compelled to succumb to their views, though wholly opposed to

-his own convictions.  This decision sealed the fate of Charles, and

-destroyed the glowing hopes that had hitherto buoyed him up; but none of

-his adherents, as has been already stated, were more clearly impressed

-with the conviction of the suicidal impolicy of a retrograde movement

-than David Morgan.  Bold, decisive, and rapid action could alone have

-saved them; and an onward march would have encouraged the wavering, and

-strengthened the determination of the doubtful; while many of their

-adherents, as in the case of the Welsh gentry, were at that moment on

-their way to join them.  But regardless of the prayers and entreaties of

-the Prince, the Highland commanders held firmly to their determination to

-return to Scotland; and on Friday, {22} the 6th of December, commenced

-the melancholy retreat, that was the forerunner of so much subsequent

-disaster, bloodshed, and ruthless cruelty.  Seeing the utter hopelessness

-of their position, if left to the tender mercies of the government, many

-of the English Jacobites determined to share the fortunes of the

-retreating army, while others withdrew themselves at various parts of the

-route, and made an effort to save themselves by flight.  Among those who

-declined to proceed into Scotland, as already mentioned, was David

-Morgan, who parted from his friends at Ashbourn, near Leek, in

-Staffordshire, on Saturday, the 7th of December; and, accompanied by a

-guide, proceeded in the direction of Stone, near which place he was

-apprehended on suspicion of having belonged to the Pretender’s army, and

-placed in confinement.

-

-Though apprehended early in the month of December, 1745, and brought to

-trial among the first batch of the unfortunate Jacobites, David Morgan

-suffered imprisonment until the close of July, 1746.  Immediately

-preceding the trial, he was imprisoned in Newgate, to which prison it is

-probable that he was removed shortly after his apprehension.

-

-The special commission was opened on the 23rd of June, when eight of the

-Judges went in procession from Sergeants’ Inn, to the Town Hall of St.

-Margaret’s Hill, and Lord Chief Justice Lee delivered a charge to the

-grand jury.  The trials did not, however, commence before the 15th of

-July, 1746, when seventeen prisoners, including David Morgan, were placed

-at the bar, though his trial did not, after all, take place until the

-18th.

-

-It is stated that “the time, place, or circumstances were not varied in

-any of the indictments, except Counsellor Morgan’s, who was indicted for

-having been in arms in Derby on the 5th of December, and adhering to the

-King’s enemies.” {23a}

-

-David Morgan had been too bold and prominent an actor in the Rebellion to

-render it in any degree difficult for the government to procure decisive

-evidence of his complicity; and, though he made a lengthened and

-ingenious defence, the united testimony of several credible witnesses

-insured his conviction.

-

-After the breaking up of the court, all those that were found guilty

-received notice that sentence of death would be passed upon them on

-Tuesday, the 22nd of July, and were required to be prepared on that day

-with any plea they might have to urge in arrest of judgment.  Many

-objections were accordingly raised on behalf of the prisoners, but were

-over-ruled by the court; and Lord Chief Justice Lee then proceeded to

-pass sentence on the whole of the prisoners, seventeen in number, the

-last of whom was David Morgan, in a lengthy address, and concluded by

-sentencing them, in the barbarous terms prescribed by the law of high

-treason, “to be drawn to the place of execution, and when they are come

-there, they must be severally hanged by the neck, but not till they be

-dead, for they must be cut down alive; then their bowels must be taken

-out, and burnt before their faces; then their heads must be severed from

-their bodies, and their bodies severally divided into four quarters, and

-these must be at the King’s disposal.” {23b}

-

-At two o’clock, on the 29th of the same month, an order arrived at the

-gaol for the execution, on the next day, of Francis Towneley, George

-Fletcher, Thomas Chadwick, James Dawson, Thomas Deacon, John Berwick,

-Andrew Syddal, and David Morgan; and when it was intimated to them that

-they were to die on the following morning; “they seemed not at all

-shocked, but rather cheerful, only saying ‘God’s will be done.’  They

-went to rest at the usual hour, and slept soundly; but first took leave

-of their friends.” {24a}  Among those who carne to take a sad farewell of

-one of the unhappy men, was Mrs. Morgan.  During the whole period of her

-husband’s imprisonment she had attended on him with remarkable devotion,

-and, to use the words of a contemporary writer, by no means favourable to

-the unfortunate Jacobites, “had behaved with all the love and tenderness

-becoming an affectionate wife.” {24b}

-

-At six o’clock on the following morning they were aroused from sleep, and

-unfastened from the floor, to which, since their condemnation, they had

-been chained.  On descending to the court-yard of their prison, Morgan

-ordered coffee to be prepared for their breakfast, and bade them “take

-care to make it very good and strong; for he had never drunk any since he

-had been in that prison fit to come near a gentleman.” {24c}

-

-With death in its most terrible form before them, never did men manifest

-more undaunted courage and manly fortitude, nor more calmly await the

-doom which they knew to be inevitable.  Actors and sufferers in the same

-cause, and participators in the same sad fate, they sympathised with, and

-aided, comforted, and consoled each other like a band of brothers.  Much

-has been said of the lofty indifference to his doom that was exhibited at

-his execution by the brave Lord Balmerino, which was of so remarkable a

-character that a fear was expressed by himself that his coolness might

-possibly be supposed to proceed from insensibility to the great change

-that awaited him; from which, however, the noble fortitude of the old

-Jacobite lord was very far removed.  And, while clinging warmly to life,

-and to the loved ones from whom they were about to be separated for ever,

-David Morgan and his heroic companions had, in like manner, tutored their

-hearts to manly resignation, and were determined so to die as to reflect

-no dishonour on the cause which they had espoused.  In their conduct and

-demeanour in the hour of their great trial and suffering, they displayed

-neither levity, nor stoical indifference to the awful fate that awaited

-them; but comported themselves with the calmness and resignation of brave

-Christian gentlemen.  After breakfast their irons were struck off,

-Colonel Towneley being the first to have them removed, and Mr. Morgan the

-second.  They were then pinioned, and, while the sledges were being

-placed in readiness, they were removed for a short time into a back room.

-After this they were placed in three sledges, each of which was drawn by

-three horses; and about ten o’clock were removed from the gaol, and taken

-to Kennington Common, guarded by a troop of dragoons, and some companies

-of the Foot-Guards.  There the gallows had been erected, and beside it

-were placed a pile of faggots and a block.  On their arrival, the doomed

-men were removed from the sledges to a cart that was placed under the

-beam, for the purpose of receiving, and turning them off.  The faggots

-were then set on fire, and the guards formed in a circle around the place

-of execution.

-

-There being no minister of religion in attendance on either of the

-condemned men, “Mr. Morgan, with his spectacles on, read prayers, and

-other pious meditations to them,” {25} out of some devotional work, to

-which they all paid marked attention, and joined devoutly and fervently

-in the prayers that were offered up.  They continued at their devotions

-for upwards of half-an-hour, after which they arose from their knees, and

-each taking some papers out of the book that he held in his hand, threw

-them, together with the book, among the spectators.  Those papers appear

-to have contained ardent professions of attachment to the cause for which

-they died, and declarations that they remained faithful to their

-principles, even to death.  They likewise handed statements, of a similar

-purport, to the sheriffs, and then flung their hats, which were laced

-with gold, among the crowd.  The executioner immediately placed the caps

-on their heads, drew them over their faces, and, the ropes having been

-adjusted round their necks, they were at once turned off.  After they had

-been suspended for about three minutes, their shoes, white stockings, and

-breeches were pulled off by the soldiers, while the executioner himself

-removed the other portions of the clothing, immediately after which the

-body of Colonel Towneley was cut down, and placed on the block.  Some

-appearances of life having however, been observed, the executioner struck

-the body, and cut the throat with a knife.  He then proceeded to remove

-the bowels and heart, which he threw into the fire.  The head was

-afterwards severed from the body with a cleaver, and both were placed in

-a coffin that stood ready to receive them.  The body of poor David Morgan

-was the next to undergo the same disgusting and barbarous mutilation,

-which was repeated in succession on all the other victims, terminating

-with the unhappy Dawson, after which the executioner shouted aloud, “God

-save King George,” to which the multitude responded with a yell.

-

-The name of James Dawson is connected with a melancholy incident which

-the poet Shenstone {26} made the subject of the pathetic ballad of “Jemmy

-Dawson.”  He belonged to a family of high respectability in Lancashire,

-and had been educated at St. John’s College, Cambridge.  Having formed an

-ardent attachment for a young lady of handsome fortune, they were engaged

-to be married just at the time of the outbreak of the Rebellion.  All the

-influence of his friends, and every effort that the most devoted

-affection could suggest having failed to secure his pardon, no entreaties

-or remonstrances could dissuade the faithful girl, to whom he was

-affianced, from being present at the execution of the man whom she loved

-with the deepest tenderness.  Through all the horrors that characterised

-the melancholy scene, and while witnessing the cruel and barbarous fate

-of her lover, she exhibited no violent demonstration of sorrow; but when

-all had been concluded, and the heart which had beaten so warmly for her

-had been thrown into the flames, the terrible excitement, which had

-hitherto sustained her wholly gave way, and, exclaiming—“my dear, I

-follow thee!—I follow thee!—sweet Jesus, receive both our souls

-together!” she fell back in the carriage, and expired, as the last word

-trembled on her lips. {27a}

-

-Though in passing to their trials the mob had hooted and insulted them,

-it was observable at their execution that the assembled multitude

-exhibited considerable sympathy, and appeared to commiserate the fate of

-those gallant and hapless gentlemen.

-

-When the horrible proceedings had been entirely concluded, the bodies of

-the sufferers were removed to the prison from whence they had been

-brought, “to await his Majesty’s pleasure;” and three days afterwards the

-heads of Towneley and Fletcher were fixed on Temple Bar, while those of

-Deacon, Berwick, Chadwick, and Syddal were preserved in spirits, and

-conveyed to Manchester and Carlisle, to be exposed on conspicuous places

-in those towns.  I have failed to ascertain how the heads of Blood,

-Dawson, and Morgan were disposed of; but it is probable that they were

-allowed to remain with the bodies.  Towneley’s body is said to have been

-buried at St. Pancras, while the bodies of his companions were interred

-in the burying-ground attached to the Foundling Hospital. {27b}

-

-Shortly after the execution, the statements which they had delivered to

-the sheriffs were published; {27c} and that written by David Morgan is

-here introduced.

-

-    A true COPY of the Paper delivered by David Morgan, Esq., to the

-    Sheriff of Surry, at the Place of Execution, on Wednesday, July 30th,

-    1746.

-

-    It having been always deemed incumbent on every Person in my

-    _Situation_, to say something of himself, and _the Cause_ he

-    _suffers_ for, I could not decline it, however disagreeable to my

-    _Persecutors_, when I once held it my Duty.

-

-    The CAUSE I embarked in was that of my Liege Sovereign KING JAMES THE

-    THIRD, from an Opinion I long since had of his _just Right_: an

-    Opinion founded on the _Constitution_, and strongly recognized and

-    established by an ACT OF PARLIAMENT NOW IN ITS FULL VIGOUR, which

-    neither the People _collectively_ nor _representively_ have any Power

-    or Authority to _subvert_ or _alter_.  [See the Statute of _Charles

-    II_.]  Nor can that _Law_ be repealed but by a FREE PARLIAMENT

-    summoned to meet by a LAWFUL KING: Not by a Convention commanded by

-    _a_ foreign Prince and Usurper, and intimidated and directed by _him_

-    at the Head of a foreign Army.

-

-    To this _Convention_ we owe the Revolution; to the _Revolution_ we

-    owe the _Accession_ of the House of Hanover; and to this _Accession_

-    all our present Ills, and the melancholy and certain Prospect of the

-    intire Subversion of all that is dear and valuable to _Britons_.

-

-    _My Opinion of the King’s Title_ to the _imperial Crown of these

-    Realms_, thus uncontrovertible, received additional Strength and

-    Satisfaction from his _Character and Qualifications_, confirmed to me

-    by Persons of the strictest Honour and Credit, and demonstrated to

-    me, that _his Establishment_ on the _Throne_ of his _Ancestors_,

-    would be an _Incident_, as productive of Happiness to the _Subject_,

-    as of Justice to the _Sovereign_, since his MAJESTY’S confessed

-    superior _Understanding_ is absolutely necessary to extricate our

-    _Country_ out of that most desperate _State_ she has been declining

-    to since the _Revolution_, and has _precipitately_ fallen into since

-    the _Accession_.

-

-    On this Declension and Ruin of our _Country_ have the _Favourers_ and

-    _Friends_ of both _Revolution_ and _Accession_ built _vast_ and

-    _despicable Fortunes_; which possibly they may entail (with the

-    conditions of Slavery annexed) on their _betrayed_ and _abandoned

-    Issue_; it being much more clear that _Slavery_ will descend _from

-    Generation to Generation_, than such Fortunes _so acquired_.

-

-    Have we not seen _Parliaments_, in a _long Succession_, raise

-    _Supplies_ sufficient to surfeit _Avarice_?  Do we not see _that

-    Avarice_ heaping up _Millions_ for the Nurture and Support of

-    _Foreign Dominions_, on the Ruins of that _Country_ that grants them?

-    Nor can this move the least Compassion, or even common Regard for her

-    Welfare and Interest, from that _ungrateful Avarice_.

-

-    _British Councils_, since the Usurper’s _Accession_, have had

-    _foreign Interest_ their constant Object; and the Power and Finances

-    of the _imperial Crown of Great Britain_ have been betrayed,

-    prostituted and squandered, for the Convenience and Support of the

-    meanest Electorate in Germany; and the _Elector’s_ Conduct has been

-    more destructive and detrimental to our Country, than all the

-    _Finesse_, _Treachery and Force_, that the _French_, or any other

-    _Adversary’s Council’s and Power_ could have attempted or effected.

-    _Land-Armies_ only can sustain and cover Dominions on the

-    _Continent_; these are raised in the Country _protected_, and

-    maintained by the Country _protecting_.  Here _Great-Britain_ has all

-    the Burden, and _Hanover_ all the advantage: Whereas NAVIES are the

-    British Bulwarks, which have, by the _Elector_, been neglected,

-    misapplied, or employed to her Disadvantage, and can alone guard and

-    protect her _Dominions and Commerce_.

-

-    If the present _Convention_ had any regard to Self-Preservation, or

-    that of their Constituents, they would _this Session_ have made new

-    _Laws_ for the further Security of _Privilege_: The _Pannick_

-    diffused universally over the _Electoral Family_ would have prepared

-    an easy Assent to any Law in the Subject’s Favour: But, even here,

-    these _Representatives_ omitted this _second Opportunity_ of securing

-    and improving the Happiness of their Electors, and, instead thereof,

-    have given _additional Power_ to the Usurper to suspend the BULWARK

-    OF LIBERTY, and invert the Order and Method of _Trials for Treason_:

-    _Precedents_ they will have occasion one Day to _repent of_, since

-    they very probably may fall _Victims to them_.

-

-    The false Glosses and Fears of _Popery_, universally propagated, have

-    deluded _unthinking vulgar_ minds, and diverted all Attention to

-    Reason; when it is clear, to any just Reflection, that his MAJESTY

-    can have no _happiness_ but what results from _his Britain_, who, he

-    must know from _melancholy experience_, will not be tempted to part

-    with the _Doctrines_ and _Exercise_ of the _Religion established_ in

-    her.  His _Majesty_ must know, that a _lawful King_ must adhere to

-    the _Constitution in Church and State_, and shew a most inviolable

-    Attachment to those _Laws_ that were made for the Security of _both_,

-    whatever Indulgences and Concessions are made by _Conventions_ to an

-    _Usurper_ for the Breach of all.  A LAWFUL KING IS A NURSING FATHER,

-    who would protect us, and demand no more _Supplies_ than the

-    immediate Services required, and those from the Riches of the

-    _Country_, the Excrescences of _Trade_ and _Commerce_, without

-    Prejudice to either; and such would be deemed best that were just

-    sufficient for the Purposes they were raised, and for which only they

-    would be employed.  But an Usurper is a Step-Father, that builds his

-    own Hopes and Views on the Ruin and Destruction of his _usurped

-    Dominions_, and has _Joy_ from the _fleecing and impoverishing_ of

-    those under his _Influence and Power_.

-

-    Even his _Majesty’s Enemies_ allow him _great Understanding_, nor has

-    any one of them imputed _Breach of Honour_ to him.  His Abilities and

-    Sense of our Situation would move _him_ to interpose in favour of his

-    _Subjects_; and are equal (if human abilities are so) to extricate us

-    out of the various _Perplexities and Intricacies_ we have been

-    brought into by _Negotiations_, _for thirty Years_, for the

-    Preservation of the Balance of Power, to the _Disappointment_ of

-    every _Briton’s_ Hope, and the _Ridicule_ of all our _Enemies_.

-

-    If you once think, my Brethren, you must repent; if you repent, you

-    must make the _Constitution just Reparation_; which can only be done

-    by calling in your lawful KING JAMES THE THIRD, who has _Justice_ to

-    attempt, and _Wisdom_ to compleat, a thorough _Reformation_ in the

-    Constitution, and to fix in its pristine happy _State_; and which, in

-    spite of all Chicane and Prejudice, _without a_ RESTORATION will

-    never be done.

-

-    I am to declare my Happiness in having such a _Wife and Daughter_,

-    that forgive my involving them in my misfortunes, and having an

-    undeserved Share in them: I heartily thank them, and wish them both

-    temporal and eternal Happiness: and hope that those who are Friends

-    to my _King_ will look upon them as the Relict and Orphan of a

-    _Fellow-Subject_ that has _suffered_ in the ROYAL CAUSE.

-

-    I glory in the Honour I have had of seeing his ROYAL HIGHNESS CHARLES

-    PRINCE REGENT, and of being admitted into his Confidence; and I here

-    declare it the greatest Happiness I ever knew, and the highest

-    Satisfaction; and such as even my vainest Thoughts could never have

-    suggested to me: An Honour to every rational Creature that can judge

-    of the many requisite _Virtues_ of a PRINCE centred in him truly,

-    tho’ so often falsely assigned to the worst.  His Character exceeds

-    any Thing I could have imagined or conceived: An Attempt to describe

-    him would seem gross Flattery; and nothing but a plain and naked

-    Narrative of his Conduct to all Persons, and in all Scenes he is

-    engaged in, can properly shew him.  A _Prince_ betrayed by the

-    _Mercy_ he shewed his Enemies, in judging of the Dispositions of

-    _Mankind_ by the _Benignity_ of his own.  His _Fortitude_ was

-    disarmed by it, and _his ungrateful Enemies_ think they have reaped

-    the Benefit of it; but let them not rejoice at _his Misfortunes_,

-    since his Failure of Success will, without the immediate

-    Interposition of _Providence_, be absolutely their _Ruin_.  What a

-    Contrast is there between his Royal Highness the PRINCE and the Duke

-    of Cumberland!  The first displays his _true Courage_, in Acts of

-    _Humanity_ and _Mercy_; the latter a _Cruelty_, in _Burning_,

-    _Devastation_, and _Destruction_ of the _British_ Subjects, their

-    Goods and Possessions; I would ask—Who is the true HERO?

-

-    The Report of my having betrayed his ROYAL HIGHNESS, or his Friends,

-    is scandalously false; my Appeal to the Counsel for the Prosecution

-    on my Trial, and my suffering Death, must refute it to all honest

-    Men: And I hereby declare I had rather suffer any Death the Law can

-    inflict.—I deem Death infinitely preferable to a Life of Infamy.—But

-    the Death I suffer for my KING, gives me vast _Consolation and

-    Honour_ that I am thought worthy of it.

-

-    To conclude, my _Brethren_ and _Fellow-Subjects_, I must make

-    Profession of that Religion I was baptized, have continued, and shall

-    through the divine Permission die in, which is that of the _Church_

-    of England, and which I hope will stand and prevail against the

-    Malice, Devices and Assaults of her Enemies, as well those of the

-    _Church of_ Rome, as those equally dangerous, the Followers of

-    _Luther_ and _Calvin_, covered under and concealed in the specious

-    Bugbears of _Popery and arbitrary Power_.  This my Faith I have fully

-    set forth in a _Poem_ of two Books, intitled, _The Christian Test_,

-    _or the Coalition of Faith and Reason_; the first of which I have

-    already published, and the latter I have bequeathed to the care of my

-    unfortunate but very dutiful Daughter Mris. _Mary Morgan_, to be

-    published by her, since it has pleased GOD I shall not live to see

-    it.  To this _Poem_ I refer, which I hope will obviate all Cavil to

-    the contrary.

-

-    I freely forgive all my Enemies from the Usurper to Weir and Maddox

-    the infamous Witnesses in support of his Prosecution of me: And I

-    must also, and do from my Heart, forgive my _Lord Chief Justice_, for

-    his _stupid and inveterate Zeal_, in painting _my Loyalty to my King_

-    with all the Reproaches he had Genius enough to bestow on it, when he

-    passed Sentence on Seventeen at once, and which he did without

-    Precedent because it was without Concern.

-

-    I beg all I have offended that they will forgive me for _Jesus

-    Christ’s_ Sake, my only Mediator and Advocate, _To whom with the

-    Father and the holy Spirit_, _be all Adoration_, _Praise_, _Glory_,

-    _Dominion and Power for ever_.  Amen.

-

-                                                             DAVID MORGAN.

-

-    July 30.

-       1746.

-

-The few particulars of those unfortunate gentlemen that appeared in the

-_Scots_ and in the _Gentleman’s Magazines_, for the year 1746, were

-unquestionably derived in a great measure from a pamphlet that was

-published, shortly after their execution, entitled, “A Genuine Acct. of

-the behaviour, &c., of Francis Towneley,” &c.  This pamphlet was

-characterised by considerable political virulence; and, like all the

-publications of that turbulent period, sought to defame the unfortunate

-Jacobites, and to cover their memories with odium.  To defend them from

-such attacks and unjust aspersions would, at that period, have been

-highly dangerous, and justice could not possibly have been done to their

-memories; but now when more than a century has elapsed since their

-deaths, and the asperities of party feeling which then prevailed have

-wholly disappeared, and, by the majority of our countrymen, are scarcely

-known to have ever existed, their reputations should be relieved from the

-unjust calumnies that have so long been suffered to attach to them; and

-the chivalric bravery with which these, and scores of other unhappy

-Jacobites, laid down their lives on the scaffold, cannot fail to awaken

-the sympathy and admiration of every Englishman.  These brave but

-ill-fated men, without one exception, faced death with such undaunted

-firmness as to excite the wonder, sympathy, and respect of the multitudes

-who attended their executions.  Though differing in age, social position,

-education, and habits, in their demeanour and proceedings on the

-scaffold, the most perfect similarity was exhibited; for, as Sir Walter

-Scott says, {32}

-

-    “They prayed for the exiled family, expressed their devotion to the

-    cause in which they died, and particularly their admiration of the

-    princely leader whom they had followed till their attachment

-    conducted them to this dreadful fate.  It may be justly questioned

-    whether the lives of these men, supposing everyone of them to have

-    been an apostle of Jacobitism, could have done so much to prolong

-    their doctrines as the horror and loathing inspired by so many bloody

-    punishments.”

-

-In the pamphlet {33} to which I have referred, the character of David

-Morgan is described to have been singularly unamiable and arbitrary.

-That such was the _worst_ that could be said of him by one who wrote as

-the advocate and apologist of the dominant party, and the partisan of the

-ruthless government that doomed him and his ill-fated friends to death,

-and with whom it was regarded as a political necessity to traduce their

-characters, and hold them up to public odium, seems to me to afford very

-conclusive evidence that no discreditable stain rested on his name that

-even a hireling scribe could distort into a calumny.

-

-The account given of him in the “Genuine Account” is here subjoined in

-its entirety:—

-

-    “Being naturally of a haughty turbulent disposition, his neighbours,

-    tenants, and domesticks, were continually plagued with his

-    ill-humours.  But to sum up his character in a few words; he was a

-    morose husband, a tyrannical master, a litigious neighbour, an

-    oppressive landlord, and a false friend.  He had pride without the

-    least condescension, avarice without a spark of generosity, illnature

-    without a grain of benevolence.  But what his virtues and better

-    qualities were, (if he had any,) has not come to our knowledge.  If

-    they had, we should gladly have mentioned them; that the world might

-    not run away with an opinion, that Mr. Morgan was the only man who

-    ever lived half a century without doing one good action, and that he

-    died unlamented by friend, neighbour, or domestick.”

-

-It appears to me that those aspersions on the unhappy man’s character and

-disposition are fully refuted by the whole tenor of his conduct during

-his imprisonment, and at his execution; coupled with the fact that none

-of the traditions existing in Glamorganshire regarding him are such as in

-any degree justify, or lend the slightest confirmation to, those

-representations of his enemies.  The affection and untiring devotion of

-his wife, who constantly attended him in his prison, his profound

-religious convictions during his confinement, the impressive and fervent

-manner in which he read and prayed to his unhappy companions at the place

-of execution, and the love and respect with which they evidently regarded

-him, furnish very convincing testimony to the goodness of his

-disposition, and the rectitude of his principles.  The references which

-he makes to his wife and daughter in his last address also show that the

-relations existing between them were of the most affectionate nature, and

-do not admit of the remotest inference that any harshness or unkindness

-had ever been exhibited towards them by the hapless husband and father;

-who, had such been the case, would naturally, in the last few hours left

-to him on earth, have sought their forgiveness.  But, though he does

-actually beseech them to forgive him, it is “for involving them in my

-misfortunes, and having an undeserved share in them;” and I entertain a

-decided conviction that his only crime, if crime it were, was that of

-sacrificing his life and property in the effort to establish the

-principles that had probably been instilled into his mind from his

-earliest years, and in endeavouring to place on the throne of his

-ancestors the Prince whom he had been taught to regard as the only

-rightful and legitimate King.

-

-The materials that exist for a biographical sketch of David Morgan are

-extremely few, and very scanty in their nature.  He appears to have

-belonged to a family of considerable respectability in the county of

-Glamorgan, and to have descended from a branch of the distinguished house

-of Tredegar, Sir Thomas Morgan, Knt., {34} of Penycoed Castle, in

-Monmouthshire, whose son James married the grand-daughter and heiress of

-Morgan Jenkin Bevan Meirick, of Coed-y-gorres.  The father of David

-Morgan was Thomas, the second son of William Morgan, gent., who was

-described, in 1678, as the heir of Coed-y-gorres; and who, in the year

-1680, when his kinsman, Thomas Morgan, Esq., of Lanrumney, was sheriff of

-Glamorganshire, filled the office of under-sheriff.  In the year 1682,

-when the sheriff was Rowland Deere, Esq., of Wenvoe, the under-sheriff

-appears to have been Thomas Morgan, of Coed-y-gorres, the younger

-brother.  And again, in the following year, (1683,) the sheriff being

-Thomas Lewis, Esq., of Lanishen, the position of under-sheriff was held

-for the second time by William Morgan, of Coed-y-gorres.

-

-The eldest son of this William Morgan was also named William, and married

-Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Probert, Esq., of the Argoed, in Penalt,

-whose wife was the daughter of Thomas Morgan, Esq., of Machen, a cadet of

-the ancient house of Tredegar.  This gentleman left three sons, named

-William, Henry, and Thomas, who, in the year 1722, appear respectively to

-have filled the offices of sheriff, under-sheriff, and county clerk of

-Glamorganshire.

-

-At this time it is to be presumed that friendly relations existed between

-the brothers.  Their father had died in January, 1718; but his widow

-survived until the year 1726, when disputes appear to have arisen between

-the children respecting the payment of legacies, and the distribution of

-the personalty.  William Morgan had vested his property in trustees, of

-whom there were three, viz., Henry Probert, Esq., of Pantglas, Michael

-Richards, and Robert Howell, gentlemen; but the two first named gentlemen

-appear to have died before the widow.  Legal proceedings were commenced

-at the court of great sessions for the counties of Glamorgan, Brecon, and

-Radnor, in April, 1731; and only terminated in 1736, by an appeal to the

-House of Lords.  The cases of the appellant and respondents are in my

-possession, and I find therein a brief reference to David Morgan, (who

-appears to have had some money transactions with the deceased uncle,)

-which I shall extract.  It occurs in the respondent’s case: {35}—

-

-    “That £197 15s., due on four notes and a bond from David Morgan to

-    the said testator, and included as part of the said £1453 18s. 10d.,

-    was, by an account stated between the said David Morgan, and the said

-    Elizabeth Morgan, and the respondent William Morgan, struck off there

-    being a balance of £65 charged to be paid due to the said David

-    Morgan, over and above the money due on the said notes and Bond.”

-

-As before stated, the second son of William Morgan (described in the

-annexed pedigree as heir of Coed-y-gorres in 1678,) was Thomas, who

-married Dorothy, the daughter of David Mathew, Esq., of Llandaff, by his

-wife Joan, the daughter of Sir Edward Stradling, Bart., of St. Donat’s.

-The only issue of this marriage, so far as I have been able to ascertain,

-was David Morgan, the unfortunate subject of this paper; and who thus

-appears to have been closely allied to the two distinguished families of

-Mathew and Stradling, then among the most wealthy and influential in

-Wales.

-

-The Mathew family boasted of an illustrious descent, being derived from

-Gwaethvoed, Prince of Cardigan; and one of their direct ancestors being

-Sir David Mathew, of Llandaff, who was one of the most distinguished men

-of his time, and was made grand Standard-Bearer of England by Edward IV.

-

-The Stradlings, again, traced their descent, in unbroken succession, from

-Sir William le Esterling, (which name became corrupted to Stradling,) one

-of the twelve Norman knights associated with Robert Fitzhamon, the cousin

-of William II. (Rufus), in the conquest of Glamorgan.  As his share of

-the conquered district, Sir William le Esterling obtained the castle and

-manor of St. Donat’s, with other extensive possessions.  Sir Thomas

-Stradling, the last of the name, continued to reside at St. Donat’s; but

-died, a childless man, at Montpellier, in France, on the 27th of

-September, 1738; and was buried at St. Donat’s on the 19th of March,

-1739.

-

-David Mathew, Esq., of Llandaff, the father of Dorothy Morgan, was

-likewise the father of Brigadier-General Edward Mathews, and the

-grand-father of the well known Admiral Mathews, who was thus the first

-cousin of David Morgan.  Admiral Mathews contested the county of

-Glamorgan with Sir Charles Kemys Tynte, of Cefen Mabley, and was elected

-by a majority of 47.  The election was held at Cardiff, and commenced on

-the 2nd of January, 1744, the poll extending over _nine days_.

-

-Though possessed of no proof that such was the case, I strongly suspect

-that the father of David Morgan acquired Penygraig by his marriage to

-Dorothy Mathews.  But I have not been able to learn whether he ever

-resided there, nor where his son was born, though the period of his birth

-must have been 1695, or 1696.  His father, being the second son, would

-naturally have removed from Coed-y-gorres after his marriage; and it is

-probable that Penygraig became his residence.  Where David was educated

-does not appear; but it is clear that he received a liberal education.

-

-Having studied law, and passed through the prescribed formalities, he

-was, in regular course, called to the bar.  But the author of the

-“Genuine Account,” whether truly or not cannot be clearly known, states

-that “not making a shining figure there, he retired into the country,

-and, after his father’s death, lived chiefly on his estate.”  He was,

-however, well known in the Courts, and had frequently practised at

-Westminster, and elsewhere; though there is reason to suspect that he

-never devoted himself very assiduously to the law, and that his

-predilections, at one period, lay more in a military direction.  In the

-speech which he made at his trial, when referring to the evidence that

-showed him to have been the confidential adviser of the Pretender, and

-his being designated the “Pretender’s Counsellor,” he remarked, “as to my

-capacity as one bred to the law, I confess that I never pretended to much

-knowledge that way, and therefore was a very improper person to counsel

-the chief of the rebels, for my advice could be of little value to him.”

-{37}

-

-From the same source, combined with the fact of his readiness to join the

-army of the Pretender, I draw the inference of his military tendencies;

-for, he further observes, that he had “served the Crown of England in two

-campaigns with some reputation.” {38a}  But no further information has

-been obtained with respect to his movements and proceedings, while

-engaged with the army, beyond the fact that he was frequently addressed

-as “Captain” Morgan.

-

-He likewise appears to have taken rather an active share in the political

-discussions of the day, and to have been a prominent member of the club

-of independent electors of Westminster; for I learn that, after his

-execution, two pamphlets where published on the assumed appearance of his

-ghost at the club.  Nor did he confine himself to political questions,

-for poetry and polemics were somewhat incongruously blended in his

-studies.  Horace Walpole speaks of him as “Morgan, a poetical lawyer;”

-{38b} and it will be remembered that in the paper delivered to the

-sheriffs at the execution, he states, “this my faith I have fully set

-forth in a poem of two books, entitled, ‘THE CHRISTIAN TEST OR THE

-COALITION OF FAITH AND REASON,’ the first of which I have already

-published, and the latter I have bequeathed to the care of my unfortunate

-but dutiful daughter, Mistress Mary Morgan, to be published by her, since

-it has pleased God I shall not live to see it.”

-

-In addition to his estate in Wales, he possessed some valuable leasehold

-property in St. Leonard’s, Shoreditch, which, most probably, was acquired

-by his marriage; for his wife, whose maiden name I have not succeeded in

-ascertaining, was a London lady.  It is not clear whether he left more

-than one child living at his death; for though he refers to his daughter

-Mary Morgan only, in the pedigree of Mathews, of Llandaff, {38c} his

-daughter and heiress is designated “Jane,” which, most probably, was an

-error, and the name should have been “Mary.”  This lady had died

-unmarried prior to the year 1798, (but how long previously I am unable to

-determine,) and her estates in the county of Glamorgan were, at that

-date, held in trust for John William, son of John Chittingden, of

-Tooting, Surrey, who was then only three years of age, as her

-heir-at-law, and co-heir with William Morgan Thomas, {39a} of Lanedern,

-in the county of Glamorgan, whose age was then twenty-two years.  It thus

-appears probable that the property of Morgan either escaped confiscation,

-or was restored to his daughter on the passing of the act for the

-restoration of the forfeited estates.

-

-It has already been stated that Penygraig {39b} is now an ordinary Welsh

-farm-house; and Coed-y-gorres {39c} has long been reduced to the same

-condition; while their connection with David Morgan, and the recollection

-of his tragical fate, are only retained in a few shadowy traditions that

-are rapidly fading out of remembrance.

-

-Glanwern, Pontypool,

-         Dec., 1861.

-

-

-

-

-PEDIGREE OF DAVID MORGAN, ESQUIRE, BARRISTER-AT-LAW.

-

-

-                 [Picture: Pedigree of David Morgan] {40}

-

-

-

-

-FOOTNOTES.

-

-

-{7}  The “Young Pretender,” as he was generally designated.  He was the

-son of James Frederick Edward Stuart, usually called the “Old Pretender,”

-and grandson of James II.

-

-{9}  Williams’s History of Monmouthshire.

-

-{10}  Cambrian Quarterly Magazine, vol. i. pp. 212, 213.  1829.

-

-{11}  This shows the early hours that prevailed in those days.

-

-{12}  Cambrian Quarterly Magazine, vol. ii. 1830.

-

-{14a}  Referring to the exclusion of Welshmen from Welsh Bishoprics it is

-remarked in a pamphlet, published in 1831, that “this system is said to

-have originated in the resentment of King William against the Jacobite

-principles of the native Welsh Clergy.”—_Prize Essay on the Causes which

-have produced Dissent in Wales_, p. 26.

-

-{14b}  Chambers’s History of the Rebellion, vol. i. p. 233.

-

-{15a}  Chambers’s History of the Rebellion, vol. i. p. 309.

-

-{15b}  Lord Mahon’s History of England.

-

-{15c}  Forbes’s Jacobite Memoirs, p. 55.

-

-{15d}  Lord Mahon’s History of England.

-

-{16}  Lord Elcho’s MS. Account.

-

-{17a}  Jacobite Memoirs.

-

-{17b}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii. p. 371.

-

-{19}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.

-

-{20a}  Few families have been greater sufferers through their loyalty and

-faithful adherence to their religion than the Towneleys.  Francis

-Towneley was the fifth son of Richard Towneley, of Towneley, county of

-Lancaster, and was born in 1709.  His eldest brother, Richard,

-participated in the Rebellion of 1715, but though tried for the offence,

-he had the good fortune to escape.  The third brother, John, entered the

-French service; and became tutor to the young Pretender.  John Towneley

-distinguished himself by translating _Hudibras_ into French, and

-exhibited therein a remarkable knowledge of the language.  The grandson

-of Richard, the eldest brother, and the twenty-ninth possessor of

-Towneley from Spartingus, Dean of Whalley, _temp._ Alfred the Great, was

-Charles Towneley, to whose refined taste we owe the well known

-collection, the “Towneley Marbles,” which was purchased by the nation,

-for the British Museum, for the sum of £20,000.

-

-{20b}  The despicable Murray, of Broughton, who acted as the Pretender’s

-Secretary.

-

-{21}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.

-

-{22}  The Pretenders and their Adherents.

-

-{23a}  Scots Magazine, 1746.

-

-{23b}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.

-

-{24a}  Scots Magazine, 1760.

-

-{24b}  Authentic Account, 1760,

-

-{24c}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.

-

-{25}  Scots Magazine, 1760.

-

-{26}  Works of William Shenstone, vol. i. p. 179.

-

-{27a}  Thomson’s Memoirs of the Jacobites, vol. iii. p. 415.

-

-{27b}  Chambers’s History of the Rebellion, vol. ii. p. 233.

-

-{27c}  Authentic copies of the papers wrote by Arthur Lord Balmerino, and

-others, and delivered to the sheriffs at the places of execution, 1746.

-

-{32}  Tales of a Grandfather, vol. iii. p. 324.

-

-{33}  A Genuine Account, &c.

-

-{34}  In the reign of Edward IV., Morgan Jenkin Phillip was possessor of

-Pencoed.  He married Margaret, daughter of Thomas Scudamore, of

-Kentchurch, and great-grand-daughter of Owen Glendower.  Leland says,

-“Morgan the Knight of Low Wentlande, dwelling at Pencoite, a fair manor

-place, a mile from Bist, alias Bishopston, and two mile from Severn Sei.

-He is of a younger brother’s house.”

-

-{35}  Particulars privately printed for the House of Lords.

-

-{37}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.

-

-{38a}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.

-

-{38b}  Letters of Horace Walpole, Earl of Oxford, to Sir Horace Mann,

-vol. ii. p. 166.

-

-{38c}  MSS. of Sir Isaac Heard, privately printed by Sir Thomas

-Phillipps, Bart.

-

-{39a}  Ann, the third daughter of William Morgan, Esq., of Coed-y-gorres,

-(who died in 1762,) married John Thomas, of Fyn Fynon, in the parish of

-Llanedern, Glamorganshire, and had one son, William Morgan Thomas.  The

-representatives of this gentleman appear to have subsequently resided at

-a place called Llanarthan, in the parish of St. Mellon’s, Monmouthshire;

-and some of them were very recently living.

-

-{39b}  I have been informed that after Morgan’s death this place came

-into the possession of Mathews, of Llandaff, and was sold by a member of

-that family to an ancestor of the present Colonel William Mark Wood, who

-now owns it.  And this seems very probable, as I find that Penycoed, in

-Monmouthshire, now the seat of the Morgans, having been purchased by

-Admiral Mathews, was sold, about the year 1800, by his grandson, John

-Mathews, Esq., to Colonel Wood of Piercefield; and Penygraig may have

-been disposed of at the same time.

-

-{39c}  Coed-y-gorres is now the property of the son of the late Rev.

-Windsor Richards, Rector of St. Andrew’s, and of St. Lythen’s, in the

-county of Glamorgan; but how acquired I am not able to show.

-

-{40}  For those unable to see the diagram it is given in text below.—DP.

-

-Treharne Thomas ap Blethyn, of Lanedern, Gent.==Mallt, d. and h. of

-Morgan Jenkin Bevan Meirick, of Coed-y-gorres.  They had issue Mallt, d.

-and h.

-

-[1st Wife . . . ==Sir Thomas Morgan, of Pencoed, Knt.==. . . Widow of . . .

-Powell.  The second marriage had issue James Morgan.]

-

-James Morgan==Mallt, d. and h.  The had issue Morgan James, of

-Coed-y-gorres.

-

-Morgan James, of Coed-y-gorres, Gent.==Maud, d. to Watkin William David

-ap Gwylym Jenkin Herbert, of Gwern Ddu.  They had issue William Morgan

-James.

-

-William Morgan James, of Coed-y-gorres, Gent.==Catherine, d. and

-coheiress to Lewis ap Rees ap Morgan Prees Yychan, of Lancaiach Yssa.

-They had issue William, O. S. P. and Catherine, d. and h.

-

-Catherine, d. and h.==John, great-grandson to Sir Thomas Gamage, of

-Coyty, Knt.  They had issue Thomas Morgan.

-

-Thomas Morgan, of Coed-y-gorres, Gent., baptised 1st Jan. 1609==Margaret,

-d. to Evan Thomas Bevan Meirick, of Eglwysilan, Gent.

-

-William Morgan, Gent., heir of Coed-y-gorres in the year 1678==M.

-Elizabeth, d. to Watkin Thomas, Gent.

-

-Thomas Morgan, of Coed-y-gorres, Gent., baptised 1st Jan. 1609==Margaret,

-d. to Evan Thomas Bevan Meirick, of Eglwysilan, Gent.  They had issue

-William Morgan, Gent.

-

-William Morgan, Gent., heir of Coed-y-gorres in the year 1678==M.

-Elizabeth, d. to Watkin Thomas, Gent.  They had issue William Morgan of

-Coed-y-gorres; Thomas Morgan, second son, of Coed-y-gorres; and two other

-sons, and five daughters.

-

-William Morgan of Coed-y-gorres==Elizabeth, d. to Henry Probert, of the

-Argoed, in Penalt, Esq.

-

-[David Mathew, of Llandaff, Esq., 1678==Joan, d. of Sir Edmund Stradling,

-of St. Donat’s, Bart.  They had issue Dorothy]

-

-Thomas Morgan, second son, of Coed-y-gorres==Dorothy.  They had issue

-David Morgan, Barrister

-

-David Morgan, Barrister, executed on Kennington Common, 1746==. . . d. of

-. . . of London.  They had issue Mary (?) d. and h.  O. S. P.

-

-

-

-

-***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DAVID MORGAN, THE WELSH JACOBITE***

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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, David Morgan, the Welsh Jacobite, by William
+Llewellin
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions 
+whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at 
+www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
+to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
+
+
+
+
+Title: David Morgan, the Welsh Jacobite
+       a contribution to the history of Jacobitism in Wales
+
+
+Author: William Llewellin
+
+
+
+Release Date: May 17, 2020  [eBook #62163]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DAVID MORGAN, THE WELSH JACOBITE***
+
+
+Transcribed from the 1862 R. Mason edition by David Price, email
+ccx074@pglaf.org
+
+                   [Picture: Public domain book cover]
+
+
+
+
+
+                              DAVID MORGAN,
+                           THE WELSH JACOBITE;
+
+
+                            A CONTRIBUTION TO
+
+                        THE HISTORY OF JACOBITISM
+
+                                IN WALES.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                    BY
+                   WILLIAM LLEWELLIN, F.G.S., F.G.H.S.,
+                              &c., &c., &c.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+               Reprinted from the “Cambrian Journal,” 1861.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                  TENBY:
+                    PRINTED BY R. MASON, HIGH STREET.
+                                  1862.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+
+
+
+DAVID MORGAN,
+THE WELSH JACOBITE.
+
+
+    “Although my lands are fair and wide,
+    Its here no longer I must bide;
+    Yet my last hoof, and horn, and hide,
+             I’ll gie to bonnie Charlie.
+
+    “Although my heart is unco sair,
+    And lies fu’ lowly in its lair,
+    Yet the last drap of blude that’s there,
+             I’ll gie for bonnie Charlie.”
+
+                                                        _Jacobite Ballad_.
+
+ONE of the most romantic and spirit-stirring episodes in English History
+is that presented to us by the last effort of the partisans of the
+expelled House of Stuart to place the representative of the exiled family
+on the throne of his ancestors.
+
+The Rebellion of 1745 has been acknowledged universally to have been
+remarkable for the interesting incidents, and romantic adventures, to
+which it gave rise; and the annals of history do not furnish examples of
+greater personal sacrifices, more exalted heroism, and chivalrous
+devotion, than were exhibited during that momentous struggle.
+
+In these peaceful times, and blessed with institutions that afford the
+fullest security for the preservation of our civil and religious
+liberties, it is difficult to conceive the stormy struggles to which the
+country was subjected, in the efforts of our forefathers, amid contending
+factions, to secure and maintain the liberties which we now enjoy, and to
+hand them down to us unimpaired.  Still more difficult is it to realize
+the fact, that very little more than a century has passed since this
+country was the scene of a fierce civil war, in which members of the same
+family were arrayed against each other in hostile conflict, and, during
+the progress of which, and of the ruthless and vindictive executions that
+followed it, the bravest blood of Britain,—that of the devoted, though
+mistaken, adherents of the Stuarts,—was poured out like water on their
+native soil.
+
+The circumstances out of which this great conflict originated may be thus
+briefly detailed.  The continued infraction of the laws by a systematic
+indifference to every principle of legality, the violation of the
+liberties of the people, the brutal cruelty and senseless obstinacy, the
+persistent determination to deprive the Episcopal and Presbyterian
+Churches of their rights and privileges, and to restore the domination of
+the Roman Catholic Church, which characterized the proceedings of James
+II. during his short and most unhappy reign, completely alienated the
+affections of his subjects, and eventually led the best and greatest men
+of the country to seek the aid of the Prince of Orange, afterwards
+William III., against the tyranny and oppression to which they were
+subjected.
+
+The flight of the King, and the successful accomplishment, and glorious
+results of the Revolution of 1688, speedily followed that movement, and
+the stable and permanent advantages, and constitutional reforms, that
+subsequently had their origin in the Bill of Rights, were thus secured to
+us.
+
+While experiencing those manifold benefits, and realizing the blessed
+results of the solid guarantees for the maintenance and extension of
+their liberties, that sprung out of the expulsion of James II., and when
+there were numbers of living men, who had not only been witnesses, but
+were also victims of his oppression and misrule, it is passing strange
+that such a feeling should have existed among any considerable body of
+the people as could have rendered possible the Rebellions of 1715 and
+1745, and have enlisted in favour of the Stuarts, and enrolled among
+their enthusiastic adherents, many men of high position, and extensive
+territorial possessions.  But, though at the period of the outbreak of
+1715, only 27 years had elapsed, and not more than 57 years had passed,
+when the Rebellion of 1745 occurred, since the Revolution, the
+resentment, the sense of wrong, and the many painful impressions produced
+on the public mind by the occurrences of James II.’s fated and luckless
+reign, though not wholly effaced, had unquestionably been very
+considerably subdued and obliterated.  The sons and grandsons of the
+brave and devoted Cavaliers, who fought and bled for their King in the
+bloody fields of Naseby and Worcester, and who sacrificed wealth and life
+in the royalist cause, clung tenaciously to the recollections associated
+with those unhappy days, and still sympathised with the fallen fortunes
+of the Stuarts.
+
+A considerable amount of discontent also existed in the country,
+occasioned by the impolitic and unseemly preference shown by the two
+first Georges for their Hanoverian subjects, which partiality, natural as
+it may have been, was, in a King of England, excessively indiscreet, and,
+by its undisguised, and even occasionally ostentatious manifestations,
+calculated to excite among his subjects feelings of considerable
+dissatisfaction and discontent.  Those monarchs were likewise known to
+possess a very imperfect acquaintance, which they made no efforts to
+extend, with the language, laws, and constitution of England; and, prior
+to the outbreak of the last Rebellion, in 1745, the unpopularity of
+George II. had become so decided as to render it extremely probable that
+a movement, well conceived and skilfully carried out, for the restoration
+of the old dynasty, might be successful.  For, throughout the country,
+and even in London, the people appear to have formed a highly favourable
+estimate of the Pretender, (of whom zealous Jacobites had spread the most
+glowing accounts,) and to have entertained a higher regard for his
+personal character than they felt for that of George.  Indeed, had there
+not existed the apprehension that, with their restoration, the hereditary
+passion for arbitrary power that had ever characterized the Stuarts would
+once more have manifested itself, there were few patriotic Englishmen who
+would not gladly have given their adherence to them, and so have relieved
+themselves of a dynasty that had not from the first been particularly
+popular, and that was then very generally regarded with contempt and
+dislike.
+
+The restoration of the Stuarts, although not actively promoted by the
+majority of the people, was not, however, regarded with any feelings
+approaching abhorrence, nor did they even extend to very serious dislike.
+Several of the most distinguished noblemen and gentlemen were already
+zealous Jacobites, while many more regarded the movements and
+conspiracies in favour of the Stuarts either with favour or indifference.
+
+The relations that existed between the great landowners and their tenants
+and dependents so largely partook, even at that comparatively recent
+period, of the spirit and characteristics of the feudal system, that few
+of the territorial families would have experienced much difficulty in
+gathering together, and bringing into the field, very formidable bodies
+of armed retainers, in behalf of any cause which they had espoused, and
+desired to uphold.  This, however, was more especially the case in
+Scotland and Wales.
+
+In the latter country, as in Scotland, the Jacobites were very numerous,
+and the loyalty that had been the characteristic of the Welsh people in
+the troubled times of the great Rebellion, and which made Wales almost
+the last rallying place of the unhappy Charles Stuart, and his devoted
+followers, still existed among the Welsh people, and rendered them ready
+to undergo the greatest personal sacrifices, or to encounter any perils,
+in upholding the cause of his unfortunate descendant. {7}
+
+Had Charles Stuart followed the counsels that were freely urged upon him
+during the ill-judged retreat from Derby, and marched his forces into
+Wales, it is probable that a formidable rising would have occurred in
+that country, and that, if not ultimately successful, the struggle would
+have been greatly prolonged, and have proved of a still more serious and
+sanguinary character.
+
+But, had that course been adopted, and failure ensued, several of the
+great Welsh landed proprietors would have been involved in the ruin that
+overtook so many of the leading Scottish Jacobites, and their heads would
+most assuredly have fallen on the scaffold.  As it was, the Duke of
+Beaufort, with hereditary devotion to the Stuarts, and Sir Watkin Wynn,
+were so seriously compromised as to place them for a time in considerable
+danger.
+
+The infamous Secretary Murray, of Broughton, revealed the whole of the
+particulars of the Jacobite intrigues and conspiracies that had existed
+since the year 1740, and made such criminatory statements, with respect
+to the complicity of the Duke, and Sir Watkin, as clearly proved their
+active participation in the plots that had preceded and led to the
+Rebellion.  The law, however, required that, in cases of treason, _two_
+witnesses should depose to the facts on which the charge was founded; and
+it was consequently found impracticable to proceed against them on
+Murray’s traitorous testimony.  It is, moreover, suspected that the king
+and the government felt indisposed to have them impeached, fearing that
+the prosecution of men so powerful and influential might give rise to
+serious disturbances, and cause a further outbreak of a still more
+dangerous character than that which had been so recently suppressed.
+
+In addition to the Duke of Beaufort, and Sir Watkin Wynn, many of the
+leading noblemen and gentlemen, throughout North and South Wales, were
+intimately associated with the intrigues of the Jacobites.  Among those
+most deeply involved, and who made the greatest sacrifices for the cause
+of the Stuarts, was William, Marquis of Powis, who followed James II.
+into France, and was by him created Duke of Powis, and so designated at
+the Court of St. Germain’s.  The fourth daughter of this nobleman, Lady
+Winifred Herbert, became the wife of the Earl of Nithsdale; and the
+remarkable devotion and heroic courage with which she devised, and
+successfully accomplished, the escape of her beloved husband, when left
+for execution, entitle her to an exalted place among the heroines of
+Wales.
+
+The Earl had been one of the most prominent leaders of the Rebellion in
+1715; and, after its suppression, was apprehended, tried, and sentenced
+to death.  His devoted wife exhausted every effort to obtain his pardon,
+and sought, by the most strenuous and piteous appeals, to move the King
+to mercy.  Finding, however, that her prayers and entreaties were
+disregarded, and that no other hope remained to her, this dauntless
+woman, undismayed by difficulties and dangers before which most hearts
+would have quailed, and sank into despair, wrought out a most heroic
+scheme for effecting the escape of the Earl from the Tower, and had the
+inexpressible happiness of releasing him from his prison, and placing him
+far beyond the reach of his pursuers.  In doing this, her own safety, and
+even life, were seriously imperilled; but, by the interposition of
+influential individuals attached to the Court, a merciful view was taken
+of her case, and she was eventually permitted to pass over to the
+continent, to rejoin the husband she had saved.  To Welshmen it will be a
+gratifying fact that, associated with her in those efforts to preserve
+the Earl from the scaffold, and all essential to her success, were her
+“dear Evans,” a maid or companion, and a Mrs. Morgan, both of whom appear
+to have been faithful Welsh dependents of the family of Powis, and wholly
+devoted to the Countess.
+
+Though the precise extent of his complicity have escaped my inquiries,
+and I have failed to obtain clear evidence on the subject, I find it
+generally asserted, throughout the district in which he resided, that the
+great landed proprietor, Mr. Lewis, of the Van, Caerphilly,—“Ysguier
+Lewis gwych o’r Van,”—from whom the Marquis of Bute, and the Baroness
+Windsor, inherit their great estates in Glamorganshire, was discovered to
+have participated in one of the numerous plots for the restoration of the
+Stuarts, and to have had a fine imposed upon him of £10,000.  Such a sum
+in those days would have been accounted a large one; and to procure it, a
+large extent of land, in the vicinity of Merthyr-Tydfil, (then a humble
+village containing less than a dozen houses,) and elsewhere, had to be
+sold; and it is said that, among the properties that were then disposed
+of, were the Court, Mardy, and other estates, that have subsequently
+proved of very great value.
+
+The uncompromising Jacobite feeling of one of the old Welsh proprietors
+is displayed in an anecdote that has been related of Sir Charles Kemys,
+of Cefn Mabley.  It is said of him that, during his travels on the
+continent, he paid a visit to Hanover, and was treated with marked regard
+by the Elector; and, it is supposed, that he owed that distinction to the
+lessons which he gave to the Court and Sovereign in the British
+accomplishments of drinking and smoking tobacco.  Shortly after his
+elevation to the throne of England, George expressed a strong desire to
+see his former friend, Sir Charles Kemys, and, as he persisted in the
+wish, he was informed by the courtiers that Sir Charles was not well
+affected to the present dynasty.  “Poo!  Poo!” said the King, “tell him
+he must come up, I long to smoke a pipe with him.”  This command having
+been conveyed to Sir Charles, he is said to have declined the invitation
+in those terms,—“I should be happy to smoke a pipe with him as Elector of
+Hanover, but I can’t think of it as King of England.” {9}
+
+The traditions that still linger among the Welsh hills show that Jacobite
+principles were not confined to the landowners, but also prevailed among
+the farmers and peasants.  Of those traditionary stories, one is told of
+an old Welsh farmer, residing at a farm called Pen Craig Fargoed, in the
+parish of Gelligare, Glamorganshire, and who appears to have been a
+devoted adherent of the Stuarts.  A witty fellow in the neighbourhood,
+rather remarkable for his acuteness, and, withal, somewhat addicted to
+rhyming, to meet some pressing necessity, had borrowed a guinea from his
+neighbour, “yr hên bapist,” and, on meeting him subsequently, without
+having the power to repay him the loan, with the view of propitiating
+him, addressed him in the following terms, and, it is said, greatly
+pleased him, and obtained all the indulgence that he sought:—
+
+    “Tri ffeth ’rwy yn ei archi,
+    Cael echwyn am y guni,
+    A chael Pretendwr ar y faink
+    A chael bath Ffraink y dali.”
+
+Which, for the benefit of those unacquainted with the Welsh language, may
+be thus translated:—
+
+    “Three things do I desire,
+    To have indulgence for the guinea;
+    And have the Pretender on the throne;
+    And have French money to pay with.”
+
+In North Wales the Jacobites appear to have been numerous and powerful.
+A social meeting that existed very recently, if it does not still exist,
+at Wrexham, and known as the “Cycle,” was originally a secret assembly of
+the Jacobites, established in Denbighshire, for the object of upholding
+and promoting the pretensions of the young Pretender, Prince Charles
+Edward, to the throne of this country.  The rules of this society, to
+which the signatures of several of its leading members were appended,
+were published, about thirty years back, in the _Cambrian Quarterly
+Journal_; {10} and, as that work possessed a limited circulation, and has
+now become scarce, its reproduction may interest many persons to whom it
+would otherwise be unknown.  This list of the names of the members is one
+of the earliest known.  More recent ones are stated to have been drawn up
+in the form of a round robin; which, it is suspected, was adopted to
+prevent the possibility of either of the members being proceeded against
+as the principal of an assembly that was clearly of a treasonable
+character.
+
+    “We, whose names are underwritten, do promise at ye time and place to
+    our names respectively affixed, and to observe the rules following,
+    viz.
+
+    Imprs.  Every member of this society shall, for default of his
+    appearance, submit to be censur’d, and shall thereupon be censur’d by
+    the judgmt of the society.
+
+    2ndly.  Every member yt cannot come shall be obliged to send notice
+    of his non-appearance by 12 of the clock at noon, together with his
+    reason in writing, otherwise his plea shall not excuse him, if within
+    the compass of fifteen miles from the place of meeting.
+
+    3rdly.  Each member obliges himself to have dinner upon the table by
+    12 o clock {11} at noon, from Michaelmas to Lady-day, and, from
+    Lady-day till Michaelmas, at 1 of the clock.
+
+    4thly.  The respective masters of the places of meeting oblige
+    themselves to take down in writing each default, and to deliver in
+    the same at the general meeting.
+
+    5thly.  Every member shall keep a copy of these articles by him, to
+    prevent plea of mistake.
+
+    6thly.  It is agreed yt a general meeting shall be held by all ye
+    subscribers at the house of Daniel Porter, Junr. holden in Wrexham,
+    on the 1st day of May, 1724, by 11 of ye clock in the forenoon, and
+    there to dine; and to determine upon all points relating to and
+    according to the sense and meaning of those articles.
+
+    1723 (Signed)
+
+    Thos. Puleston, May 21st (eldest son of Sir Roger Puleston, of
+    Emral).
+    Rich. Clayton, June 11th.
+    Eubule Lloyd, (of Penyllan,) July 2nd.
+    Robtt. Ellis, July 23rd.
+    W. Wms. Wynn, (of Wynnstay,) Augt. 13th
+    Jno. Puleston, (of Pickhill,) Sep. 3rd.
+    Thos. Eyton, (of Leeswood,) Sep. 24th.
+    Wm. Edwards, Oct. 15th
+    Thomas Holland, Nov. 6th.
+    Ken Eyton, (of Eyton,) Nov. 26th.
+    Phil. Egerton, (of Oulton,) Dec. 17th.
+    Jno. Robinson, (of Gwersyllt,) Jany. 8th.
+    Geo. Shackerly, (of Gwersyllt,) Jany. 29th.
+    Robt. Davies, (of Gwyssany,) Feb. 19th.
+    John Puleston, (of Hafod y Wern,) March 13th.
+    Broughton Whitehall, (of Broughton,) April 3rd.
+    Wm. Hanmer, April 24th, 1724.”
+
+In the second volume of the same Journal, {12} a tale was published
+anonymously, that exhibited considerable ability, and was especially
+interesting from the circumstance of its introducing the hero, Meredith
+Alynton, to the members of the Cycle Club, that was supposed to have
+assembled for one of its meetings at Wynnstay, the princely residence of
+Sir Watkin Wynn.  In the description of this scene, the author has very
+agreeably and skilfully blended fact with fiction, and has introduced
+into this portion of the tale two remarkably interesting songs, that are
+stated to have been veritable Jacobite relics, and which were then
+printed for the first time.  It is believed that they were written
+specially for the Cycle Club; and, at the time of their publication, the
+MSS. had been in the possession of Owen Ellis, Esq., a descendant of one
+of the original members of the Club, and his ancestors, for upwards of a
+century.  As those songs are curious, and very little known, they are
+here reprinted.
+
+
+
+OF QUARRELS, AND CHANGES, AND CHANGELINGS, I SING.
+
+
+   Of quarrels, and changes, and changelings, I sing,
+   Of courtiers and cuckolds, too; God save the King!
+   Now Munster’s fat grace lies in somebody’s place,
+   And hopeful and so forth are turned out to grass;
+   O, G—e, thou’st done wisely to make such a pother
+   Between one German w—e and the son of another.
+
+   Now that son of another, so stubborn and rusty,
+   Is turn’d out of doors, and thy favors, most justly,
+   Since he was so unwise as his child to baptize,
+   He may e’en thank himself if you bastardize.
+   For there ne’er would have been all this wrangling work,
+   If, instead of a Christian, he had bred him a Turk.
+
+   The youth that so long had dwelt under thy roof,
+   Might sure have found out, by many a good proof,
+   That you ne’er were so mild as to be reconciled,
+   If once you’re provok’d, to man, woman, or child.
+   But, alas, for poor England, what hopes can be had
+   From a prince not so wise as to know his own dad!
+
+   Were he twice more thy son than e’er anyone thought him,
+   There are forty and forty good reasons to out him,
+   For he trod on the toe of a gallant young beau,
+   And made it so sore that he hardly could go;
+   And unless for this due correction he feels,
+   Who knows but he soon may tread on thy own heels!
+
+   Of your heels, oh! take care, let no one abuse ’em,
+   For it may be you’ll soon have occasion to use ’em,
+   For if J—y should land, you’d soon understand
+   That one pair of heels is worth two pair of hands;
+   And then the pert whipster will find, I suppose,
+   Other work for his feet than to tread on folk’s toes.
+
+
+
+ROBIN JOHN CLARK.
+
+
+   Ye true bacchanals come to Ned of the Dales,
+      And there let’s carouse oe’r a butt of strong liquor,
+   Bring with you no shirkers, nor friends to usurpers,
+      But souls that will drink till their pulses beat quicker.
+   May the courtier who snarls at the friend of Prince C—s,
+      And eke who our houses and windows made dark,
+   Ne’er pilfer much treasure, nor taste of such pleasure;
+      Then hark to the chorus of Robin John Clark.
+
+   May each bung his eye till the vessel’s quite dry,
+      And drink to the low’ring extravagant taxes;
+   For the spirit of Britain, by foreigners spit on,
+      Quite cold by oppression and tyranny waxes.
+   Then here’s to the toast, tho’ the battle was lost,
+      And he who refuses a traytor we’ll mark:
+   Here’s a health to the prince, not meaning from whence,
+      For thus sings the chorus of Robin John Clark.
+
+   Then fill up another to the good duke his brother,
+      Not meaning that blood-thirsty cruel assassin;
+   May the Scotch partisans recollect their stout clans,
+      Their force, twenty thousand in number surpassing;
+   May they enter Whitehall, old St. James’s, and all,
+      While the troops are for safety encamp’d in the park;
+   May kind heaven inspire each volley and fire,
+      For thus sings the chorus of Robin John Clark.
+
+   Hand in hand let us joyn against such as combine,
+      And dare to enslave with vile usurpation;
+   Whenever time offers, we’ll open our coffers,
+      And fight to retrieve the bad state of the nation.
+   We’ll not only drink, but we’ll act as we think,
+      We’ll take the brown musket, the sword, and the dirk,
+   Thro’ all sorts of weather, we’ll trade it together,
+      So God bless the chorus of Robin John Clark.
+
+In a note to this tale it is stated that tradition reports that the young
+Pretender visited the Principality prior to the Rebellion; but this
+statement is scarcely credible, nor is there any evidence in support of
+its truth.  It is, however, indisputable, that he reckoned the greater
+number of the wealthy landowners of Wales among his adherents, and one of
+the original projects of his army, in its advance from Scotland, was that
+of marching into Wales, where the people, and even the clergy, {14a} were
+well known to be warmly devoted to the Stuarts, while the character of
+the country was considered to be favourable to the desultory mode of
+warfare practised by the Highlanders.  Anticipating that such a course
+would be adopted, several of the leading gentry had prepared themselves
+to join him, and many of them had left their houses, and were actually on
+their way to meet him, {14b} when the mortifying intelligence reached
+them of the retreat from Derby.  At that period, the influence of the
+gentry of Wales over their tenantry, and the peasantry generally, was
+very great, and it is extremely probable that an advance into Wiles would
+have secured to the Pretender an immense accession to his forces.  The
+unexpected retreat, however, prevented any rising among the Welsh, and
+the adherents of the Stuarts were thus saved from the ruin in which most
+probably they would otherwise have been eventually involved.  They were
+fully prepared to risk both life and estate in the cause of the prince
+whom they loved, though that prince, like other Stuarts, may, after all,
+have proved unworthy of their sacrifices and devotion.  Tradition states
+that, for many years subsequent to the memorable Forty-Five, {15a} the
+Welsh squires, at their convivial meetings, were accustomed to discuss
+and dispute as to the share which each had taken in the movement, and the
+respective distances that intervened between them and the prince’s army,
+when the news of the retreat reached them, and compelled them to return
+to their homes.  In a letter written many months subsequently, {15b} the
+young Pretender, while referring incidently to Mr. Barry, states that he
+“arrived at Derby two days after I parted.  He had been sent by Sir
+Watkin Wynn to assure me, in the name of my friends, that they were ready
+to join me in what manner I pleased.”
+
+The prince himself is said to have been most anxious to proceed into
+Wales; {15c} for at Derby, when the retreat was under discussion, and all
+his arguments in favour of an advance to London had proved unavailing,
+he, at last, “as a middle course, proposed that they should march into
+Wales, to give their partizans in that country an opportunity of
+joining.” {15d}
+
+Foremost and boldest among those who contended for a forward movement,
+and counselled the advance upon Loudon, was David Morgan.  He
+determinedly opposed the retreat, and clearly foresaw its disastrous
+consequences.  W hen he found that the Scottish commanders had actually
+commenced the retrograde movement, and that the troops were in full
+retreat for Scotland, it is stated by one of the leading noblemen {16}
+connected with the Pretender, that “Mr. Morgan, an English gentleman,
+came up to Mr. Vaughan, who was riding with the Life Guards, and after
+saluting him, said, ‘D— me, Vaughan, they are going to Scotland!’  Mr.
+Vaughan replied, ‘wherever they go, I am determined, now I have joined
+them, to go along with them.’  Upon which Mr. Morgan said, with an oath,
+‘I had rather be _hanged_ than go to Scotland to _starve_.’  Mr. Morgan
+_was hanged_ in 1746; and Mr. Vaughan _is an officer in Spain_.”
+
+David Morgan, or, as he is occasionally designated, David Thomas Morgan,
+was one of the boldest spirits associated with this momentous struggle.
+He was among the first of the English, or Welsh, Jacobites to join the
+forces of Charles Edward on his advance into England, and remained by his
+side until the forward movement had been finally abandoned, and all hope
+of a successful issue to the enterprize had been lost.
+
+As was the case with many of the unfortunate participators in the
+Rebellion, it was the fortune of David Morgan to be misrepresented by the
+partisans of the reigning dynasty, and to have his memory assailed by the
+most injurious aspersions, and discreditable calumnies.  Long after the
+turbulent times in which these brave and hapless men lived, it would have
+been unsafe to suggest any palliation of their offence, to express any
+sorrow for their melancholy fate, or to seek to defend their memories
+from unmerited ignomy, and unjustifiable slander.  And, yet many of those
+whose memories have been clouded, and whose names have been involved in
+partial oblivion, were men of the highest honour, the most refined
+intelligence, and chivalrous self-devotion.  In supporting the cause of
+the prince, whom they regarded as the only lawful heir to the throne of
+their country, the highest order of personal bravery, romantic heroism,
+and complete disregard of all selfish considerations were evoked, and
+called into existence.  With a lofty disdain of the dangers which they
+incurred, they braved the fearful penalties which the barbarous laws
+relating to High Treason then awarded to its luckless victims, and were
+content to sacrifice their positions (distinguished and influential as
+many of them were), their homes, and fortunes, and even life itself, for
+the cherished idea to which they clung, and were devoted.  For themselves
+individually, few of them could have anticipated much personal advantage,
+even from a successful issue to their struggle; while all that men
+cherished and held dear were fearfully imperilled.  Yet these were the
+men whom a merciless but dominant faction doomed to deaths invested with
+every horror that cruelty and a brutal law could devise, and pursued with
+malignant and unrelenting ferocity, even after they had expiated with
+their lives the offences into which their mistaken but noble devotion had
+led them.
+
+Among the adherents of the young Pretender there were few who evinced
+more devoted attachment to his cause, albeit a desperate one, than David
+Morgan.  He appears to have received prompt information of the movements
+of Charles Edward, and to have been aware, at an early period, of the
+projected advance into England.  The army of the Pretender commenced its
+adventurous march from Carlisle, where the onward movement was finally
+decided upon, on the 20th of November, 1745; and arrived at Preston, in
+Lancashire, on the 27th, {17a} where the two divisions into which their
+forces had been divided were again united, and rested for the day.
+
+Here it was that David Morgan joined them, with a friend, whose name is
+unknown to me, but who, together with his servant, had accompanied him
+from Monmouthshire. {17b}  At the distance of a mile, or so, from the
+town, the two gentlemen dismounted, and leaving their horses in charge of
+the servant, walked to Preston, in order to elude observation, and to
+avoid creating any suspicion of their intention to join the rebels.
+
+The circumstance of its appearing in evidence that he had left
+Monmouthshire with his friend probably caused it to be inferred that he
+resided in that county.  Such, however, was not the case.  His residence
+was in Glamorganshire, though close to the borders of the adjoining
+county of Monmouth.  It is somewhat singular that the house of his
+father’s nativity, if not of his also, as well as that in which he
+resided, though nearly 20 miles apart, were situated in nearly the same
+relative position with reference to the counties of Monmouth and
+Glamorgan; and were, in each case, not far removed from the Rhymney
+river, which divides those shires.
+
+He appears to have spent much of his time in London, and to have
+possessed a residence there; but, when staying in Glamorganshire, he
+resided at Penygraig Taf, which, at that period, must have been a
+singularly secluded and solitary place.  It is situated in the hamlet of
+Forest, in the parish of Merthyr-Tydfil, and occupies an elevated and
+picturesque position on the summit of the hill that divides the Taff from
+the Bargoed Taff valley, and is now a farm-house, retaining nothing in
+its character to distinguish it from the ordinary dwelling of a Welsh
+farmer.  At that period, the population must have been very limited, and
+widely scattered; so that few scenes could be found of greater seclusion,
+or more conducive to quiet and calm contentment.
+
+The river Taff, that flowed far below in the depths of the valley, was
+then unpolluted by the dross and impure refuse of the mines and
+manufactures of Merthyr-Tydfil, and, except when agitated into wrathful
+turbulence by storms, and the rapid influx of mountain torrents, rippled
+by in pure and calm serenity.  The small forge, at which iron had been
+manufactured as early as the reign of Henry VIII., if not previously, at
+the place now called Pontygwaith, or the bridge of the work, and
+immediately below Penygraig, on the opposite side of the river, had long
+ceased to resound in the valley, and Merthyr-Tydfil was then a quiet
+village, containing perhaps at most a score of houses, or so.  And now,
+when little more than a century has passed away, how wonderfully have all
+things changed, and the stillness of this remote locality been invaded.
+Midway up the side of the valley, not more than a mile from Penygraig
+House, now stands the Quaker’s-Yard Station of the West Midland Railway,
+and the two noble viaducts that carry the Taff Vale and the West Midland
+Railways across the Taff river; while at an equally short distance,
+stands another viaduct of elegant proportions that spans the tributary
+valley of Bargoed Taff.
+
+In this quiet spot David Morgan was roused from what may possibly have
+been peaceful dreams of happiness, and calm domesticity, to participate
+in the anxieties and perils of the Rebellion.  On receiving the first
+intimation of the Pretender’s arrival in Scotland, he departed from
+Penygraig, to return there no more; and there is a tradition still extant
+in that neighbourhood that, in starting on his fatal journey, he stopped
+at Efail Llancaiach, which still exists as a smithy, to have his horse
+shod, and is stated so have said to the smith, in Welsh, “You are against
+me now, but when I return you will be all with me.”  He then appears to
+have proceeded to join the friend of whom previous mention has been made,
+and to have journeyed with him on horseback through North Wales into
+Cheshire, where he paid a visit to an acquaintance residing at Etherton
+Hall.  From thence he rode to Preston, in Lancashire, as already stated,
+to join the army of the Pretender.
+
+It is quite manifest that he must have been very actively and
+influentially engaged in the movement prior to this, and well known by
+reputation, if not by actual correspondence, to Prince Charles Edward, as
+he was immediately received into his confidence, and held so prominent a
+position in his counsels as to cause him to be designated the
+“Pretender’s Counsellor.” {19}
+
+He accompanied the army in its onward march to Manchester, where it
+arrived on the 29th.  Though he had joined them only two days previously,
+he was shown on his trial to have been one of the most prominent actors
+in the proceedings that took place in that town.  The Pretender was
+received at Manchester with demonstrations of high satisfaction, and a
+large number of the inhabitants enrolled themselves among his supporters,
+under the designation of “the Manchester Regiment,” the command of which
+was offered, in the first place, to David Morgan.  He, however, declined
+the position, and the unfortunate Colonel Towneley, {20a} who, Morgan
+said, “was much fitter than he was for such an office,” a Roman Catholic
+gentleman of ancient family, high reputation, and more than ordinary
+attainments, consented to assume the command.  But, though declining to
+undertake any special command, he marched with the army as a gentleman
+volunteer, was particularly active and prominent, and appears to have
+been invested with considerable authority.  He obtained an order from
+Secretary Murray {20b} to search for arms, and for their surrender on
+pain of military execution; and it was proved by one of the constables of
+Manchester that he had obtained possession of arms, which he had
+delivered at the lodgings of “Squire Morgan.”  He wore a white cockade in
+his hat, and a sword by his side.  It was likewise shown that he paid the
+expenses, when the officers and he dined together; and as one of the
+witnesses stated at his trial, “gave all the directions about
+everything,” and rode at the side of the Pretender, mounted on a bay
+horse.  It was further given in evidence against him, that, “being at
+dinner with several rebel officers at Derby, he asked Lord Elcho what
+number of men they had? to which his lordship answered, about 4 or 5000,
+and 17 pieces of cannon.  That he then asked, what religion the young
+Pretender was of? and Lord Elcho replied, shaking his head, that he
+believed his religion was to seek.  That the prisoner advised to beat up
+for volunteers, and said that it would be an easy matter to march to
+London; for that there were not above 3000 soldiers between London and
+that city, and those mostly dragoons, except a few undisciplined troops
+lately raised by Lords Gower and Cholmondely, who could make but little
+opposition.” {21}
+
+They departed from Manchester on the 1st of December, and, marching
+through Congleton, Leek, and Ashbourn, they entered on the 4th December
+into the town of Derby, which was only one hundred and twenty-seven miles
+distant from the metropolis.
+
+The news of the Pretender having arrived at that town soon reached
+London, and struck terror into the hearts of those who were unfavourable
+to the Stuarts’ cause; and the King was so seriously alarmed, that he
+ordered his yacht to be loaded with his valuables, and to remain at the
+Tower Quay, prepared to start at the shortest intimation.  At this time,
+precarious as the Prince’s position unquestionably was, a bold dash in
+the direction of London would probably have rendered him the possessor of
+the throne of England.  Weaker counsels, however, prevailed; the whole of
+the principal leaders imperatively urged a retreat into Scotland, and the
+Prince was compelled to succumb to their views, though wholly opposed to
+his own convictions.  This decision sealed the fate of Charles, and
+destroyed the glowing hopes that had hitherto buoyed him up; but none of
+his adherents, as has been already stated, were more clearly impressed
+with the conviction of the suicidal impolicy of a retrograde movement
+than David Morgan.  Bold, decisive, and rapid action could alone have
+saved them; and an onward march would have encouraged the wavering, and
+strengthened the determination of the doubtful; while many of their
+adherents, as in the case of the Welsh gentry, were at that moment on
+their way to join them.  But regardless of the prayers and entreaties of
+the Prince, the Highland commanders held firmly to their determination to
+return to Scotland; and on Friday, {22} the 6th of December, commenced
+the melancholy retreat, that was the forerunner of so much subsequent
+disaster, bloodshed, and ruthless cruelty.  Seeing the utter hopelessness
+of their position, if left to the tender mercies of the government, many
+of the English Jacobites determined to share the fortunes of the
+retreating army, while others withdrew themselves at various parts of the
+route, and made an effort to save themselves by flight.  Among those who
+declined to proceed into Scotland, as already mentioned, was David
+Morgan, who parted from his friends at Ashbourn, near Leek, in
+Staffordshire, on Saturday, the 7th of December; and, accompanied by a
+guide, proceeded in the direction of Stone, near which place he was
+apprehended on suspicion of having belonged to the Pretender’s army, and
+placed in confinement.
+
+Though apprehended early in the month of December, 1745, and brought to
+trial among the first batch of the unfortunate Jacobites, David Morgan
+suffered imprisonment until the close of July, 1746.  Immediately
+preceding the trial, he was imprisoned in Newgate, to which prison it is
+probable that he was removed shortly after his apprehension.
+
+The special commission was opened on the 23rd of June, when eight of the
+Judges went in procession from Sergeants’ Inn, to the Town Hall of St.
+Margaret’s Hill, and Lord Chief Justice Lee delivered a charge to the
+grand jury.  The trials did not, however, commence before the 15th of
+July, 1746, when seventeen prisoners, including David Morgan, were placed
+at the bar, though his trial did not, after all, take place until the
+18th.
+
+It is stated that “the time, place, or circumstances were not varied in
+any of the indictments, except Counsellor Morgan’s, who was indicted for
+having been in arms in Derby on the 5th of December, and adhering to the
+King’s enemies.” {23a}
+
+David Morgan had been too bold and prominent an actor in the Rebellion to
+render it in any degree difficult for the government to procure decisive
+evidence of his complicity; and, though he made a lengthened and
+ingenious defence, the united testimony of several credible witnesses
+insured his conviction.
+
+After the breaking up of the court, all those that were found guilty
+received notice that sentence of death would be passed upon them on
+Tuesday, the 22nd of July, and were required to be prepared on that day
+with any plea they might have to urge in arrest of judgment.  Many
+objections were accordingly raised on behalf of the prisoners, but were
+over-ruled by the court; and Lord Chief Justice Lee then proceeded to
+pass sentence on the whole of the prisoners, seventeen in number, the
+last of whom was David Morgan, in a lengthy address, and concluded by
+sentencing them, in the barbarous terms prescribed by the law of high
+treason, “to be drawn to the place of execution, and when they are come
+there, they must be severally hanged by the neck, but not till they be
+dead, for they must be cut down alive; then their bowels must be taken
+out, and burnt before their faces; then their heads must be severed from
+their bodies, and their bodies severally divided into four quarters, and
+these must be at the King’s disposal.” {23b}
+
+At two o’clock, on the 29th of the same month, an order arrived at the
+gaol for the execution, on the next day, of Francis Towneley, George
+Fletcher, Thomas Chadwick, James Dawson, Thomas Deacon, John Berwick,
+Andrew Syddal, and David Morgan; and when it was intimated to them that
+they were to die on the following morning; “they seemed not at all
+shocked, but rather cheerful, only saying ‘God’s will be done.’  They
+went to rest at the usual hour, and slept soundly; but first took leave
+of their friends.” {24a}  Among those who carne to take a sad farewell of
+one of the unhappy men, was Mrs. Morgan.  During the whole period of her
+husband’s imprisonment she had attended on him with remarkable devotion,
+and, to use the words of a contemporary writer, by no means favourable to
+the unfortunate Jacobites, “had behaved with all the love and tenderness
+becoming an affectionate wife.” {24b}
+
+At six o’clock on the following morning they were aroused from sleep, and
+unfastened from the floor, to which, since their condemnation, they had
+been chained.  On descending to the court-yard of their prison, Morgan
+ordered coffee to be prepared for their breakfast, and bade them “take
+care to make it very good and strong; for he had never drunk any since he
+had been in that prison fit to come near a gentleman.” {24c}
+
+With death in its most terrible form before them, never did men manifest
+more undaunted courage and manly fortitude, nor more calmly await the
+doom which they knew to be inevitable.  Actors and sufferers in the same
+cause, and participators in the same sad fate, they sympathised with, and
+aided, comforted, and consoled each other like a band of brothers.  Much
+has been said of the lofty indifference to his doom that was exhibited at
+his execution by the brave Lord Balmerino, which was of so remarkable a
+character that a fear was expressed by himself that his coolness might
+possibly be supposed to proceed from insensibility to the great change
+that awaited him; from which, however, the noble fortitude of the old
+Jacobite lord was very far removed.  And, while clinging warmly to life,
+and to the loved ones from whom they were about to be separated for ever,
+David Morgan and his heroic companions had, in like manner, tutored their
+hearts to manly resignation, and were determined so to die as to reflect
+no dishonour on the cause which they had espoused.  In their conduct and
+demeanour in the hour of their great trial and suffering, they displayed
+neither levity, nor stoical indifference to the awful fate that awaited
+them; but comported themselves with the calmness and resignation of brave
+Christian gentlemen.  After breakfast their irons were struck off,
+Colonel Towneley being the first to have them removed, and Mr. Morgan the
+second.  They were then pinioned, and, while the sledges were being
+placed in readiness, they were removed for a short time into a back room.
+After this they were placed in three sledges, each of which was drawn by
+three horses; and about ten o’clock were removed from the gaol, and taken
+to Kennington Common, guarded by a troop of dragoons, and some companies
+of the Foot-Guards.  There the gallows had been erected, and beside it
+were placed a pile of faggots and a block.  On their arrival, the doomed
+men were removed from the sledges to a cart that was placed under the
+beam, for the purpose of receiving, and turning them off.  The faggots
+were then set on fire, and the guards formed in a circle around the place
+of execution.
+
+There being no minister of religion in attendance on either of the
+condemned men, “Mr. Morgan, with his spectacles on, read prayers, and
+other pious meditations to them,” {25} out of some devotional work, to
+which they all paid marked attention, and joined devoutly and fervently
+in the prayers that were offered up.  They continued at their devotions
+for upwards of half-an-hour, after which they arose from their knees, and
+each taking some papers out of the book that he held in his hand, threw
+them, together with the book, among the spectators.  Those papers appear
+to have contained ardent professions of attachment to the cause for which
+they died, and declarations that they remained faithful to their
+principles, even to death.  They likewise handed statements, of a similar
+purport, to the sheriffs, and then flung their hats, which were laced
+with gold, among the crowd.  The executioner immediately placed the caps
+on their heads, drew them over their faces, and, the ropes having been
+adjusted round their necks, they were at once turned off.  After they had
+been suspended for about three minutes, their shoes, white stockings, and
+breeches were pulled off by the soldiers, while the executioner himself
+removed the other portions of the clothing, immediately after which the
+body of Colonel Towneley was cut down, and placed on the block.  Some
+appearances of life having however, been observed, the executioner struck
+the body, and cut the throat with a knife.  He then proceeded to remove
+the bowels and heart, which he threw into the fire.  The head was
+afterwards severed from the body with a cleaver, and both were placed in
+a coffin that stood ready to receive them.  The body of poor David Morgan
+was the next to undergo the same disgusting and barbarous mutilation,
+which was repeated in succession on all the other victims, terminating
+with the unhappy Dawson, after which the executioner shouted aloud, “God
+save King George,” to which the multitude responded with a yell.
+
+The name of James Dawson is connected with a melancholy incident which
+the poet Shenstone {26} made the subject of the pathetic ballad of “Jemmy
+Dawson.”  He belonged to a family of high respectability in Lancashire,
+and had been educated at St. John’s College, Cambridge.  Having formed an
+ardent attachment for a young lady of handsome fortune, they were engaged
+to be married just at the time of the outbreak of the Rebellion.  All the
+influence of his friends, and every effort that the most devoted
+affection could suggest having failed to secure his pardon, no entreaties
+or remonstrances could dissuade the faithful girl, to whom he was
+affianced, from being present at the execution of the man whom she loved
+with the deepest tenderness.  Through all the horrors that characterised
+the melancholy scene, and while witnessing the cruel and barbarous fate
+of her lover, she exhibited no violent demonstration of sorrow; but when
+all had been concluded, and the heart which had beaten so warmly for her
+had been thrown into the flames, the terrible excitement, which had
+hitherto sustained her wholly gave way, and, exclaiming—“my dear, I
+follow thee!—I follow thee!—sweet Jesus, receive both our souls
+together!” she fell back in the carriage, and expired, as the last word
+trembled on her lips. {27a}
+
+Though in passing to their trials the mob had hooted and insulted them,
+it was observable at their execution that the assembled multitude
+exhibited considerable sympathy, and appeared to commiserate the fate of
+those gallant and hapless gentlemen.
+
+When the horrible proceedings had been entirely concluded, the bodies of
+the sufferers were removed to the prison from whence they had been
+brought, “to await his Majesty’s pleasure;” and three days afterwards the
+heads of Towneley and Fletcher were fixed on Temple Bar, while those of
+Deacon, Berwick, Chadwick, and Syddal were preserved in spirits, and
+conveyed to Manchester and Carlisle, to be exposed on conspicuous places
+in those towns.  I have failed to ascertain how the heads of Blood,
+Dawson, and Morgan were disposed of; but it is probable that they were
+allowed to remain with the bodies.  Towneley’s body is said to have been
+buried at St. Pancras, while the bodies of his companions were interred
+in the burying-ground attached to the Foundling Hospital. {27b}
+
+Shortly after the execution, the statements which they had delivered to
+the sheriffs were published; {27c} and that written by David Morgan is
+here introduced.
+
+    A true COPY of the Paper delivered by David Morgan, Esq., to the
+    Sheriff of Surry, at the Place of Execution, on Wednesday, July 30th,
+    1746.
+
+    It having been always deemed incumbent on every Person in my
+    _Situation_, to say something of himself, and _the Cause_ he
+    _suffers_ for, I could not decline it, however disagreeable to my
+    _Persecutors_, when I once held it my Duty.
+
+    The CAUSE I embarked in was that of my Liege Sovereign KING JAMES THE
+    THIRD, from an Opinion I long since had of his _just Right_: an
+    Opinion founded on the _Constitution_, and strongly recognized and
+    established by an ACT OF PARLIAMENT NOW IN ITS FULL VIGOUR, which
+    neither the People _collectively_ nor _representively_ have any Power
+    or Authority to _subvert_ or _alter_.  [See the Statute of _Charles
+    II_.]  Nor can that _Law_ be repealed but by a FREE PARLIAMENT
+    summoned to meet by a LAWFUL KING: Not by a Convention commanded by
+    _a_ foreign Prince and Usurper, and intimidated and directed by _him_
+    at the Head of a foreign Army.
+
+    To this _Convention_ we owe the Revolution; to the _Revolution_ we
+    owe the _Accession_ of the House of Hanover; and to this _Accession_
+    all our present Ills, and the melancholy and certain Prospect of the
+    intire Subversion of all that is dear and valuable to _Britons_.
+
+    _My Opinion of the King’s Title_ to the _imperial Crown of these
+    Realms_, thus uncontrovertible, received additional Strength and
+    Satisfaction from his _Character and Qualifications_, confirmed to me
+    by Persons of the strictest Honour and Credit, and demonstrated to
+    me, that _his Establishment_ on the _Throne_ of his _Ancestors_,
+    would be an _Incident_, as productive of Happiness to the _Subject_,
+    as of Justice to the _Sovereign_, since his MAJESTY’S confessed
+    superior _Understanding_ is absolutely necessary to extricate our
+    _Country_ out of that most desperate _State_ she has been declining
+    to since the _Revolution_, and has _precipitately_ fallen into since
+    the _Accession_.
+
+    On this Declension and Ruin of our _Country_ have the _Favourers_ and
+    _Friends_ of both _Revolution_ and _Accession_ built _vast_ and
+    _despicable Fortunes_; which possibly they may entail (with the
+    conditions of Slavery annexed) on their _betrayed_ and _abandoned
+    Issue_; it being much more clear that _Slavery_ will descend _from
+    Generation to Generation_, than such Fortunes _so acquired_.
+
+    Have we not seen _Parliaments_, in a _long Succession_, raise
+    _Supplies_ sufficient to surfeit _Avarice_?  Do we not see _that
+    Avarice_ heaping up _Millions_ for the Nurture and Support of
+    _Foreign Dominions_, on the Ruins of that _Country_ that grants them?
+    Nor can this move the least Compassion, or even common Regard for her
+    Welfare and Interest, from that _ungrateful Avarice_.
+
+    _British Councils_, since the Usurper’s _Accession_, have had
+    _foreign Interest_ their constant Object; and the Power and Finances
+    of the _imperial Crown of Great Britain_ have been betrayed,
+    prostituted and squandered, for the Convenience and Support of the
+    meanest Electorate in Germany; and the _Elector’s_ Conduct has been
+    more destructive and detrimental to our Country, than all the
+    _Finesse_, _Treachery and Force_, that the _French_, or any other
+    _Adversary’s Council’s and Power_ could have attempted or effected.
+    _Land-Armies_ only can sustain and cover Dominions on the
+    _Continent_; these are raised in the Country _protected_, and
+    maintained by the Country _protecting_.  Here _Great-Britain_ has all
+    the Burden, and _Hanover_ all the advantage: Whereas NAVIES are the
+    British Bulwarks, which have, by the _Elector_, been neglected,
+    misapplied, or employed to her Disadvantage, and can alone guard and
+    protect her _Dominions and Commerce_.
+
+    If the present _Convention_ had any regard to Self-Preservation, or
+    that of their Constituents, they would _this Session_ have made new
+    _Laws_ for the further Security of _Privilege_: The _Pannick_
+    diffused universally over the _Electoral Family_ would have prepared
+    an easy Assent to any Law in the Subject’s Favour: But, even here,
+    these _Representatives_ omitted this _second Opportunity_ of securing
+    and improving the Happiness of their Electors, and, instead thereof,
+    have given _additional Power_ to the Usurper to suspend the BULWARK
+    OF LIBERTY, and invert the Order and Method of _Trials for Treason_:
+    _Precedents_ they will have occasion one Day to _repent of_, since
+    they very probably may fall _Victims to them_.
+
+    The false Glosses and Fears of _Popery_, universally propagated, have
+    deluded _unthinking vulgar_ minds, and diverted all Attention to
+    Reason; when it is clear, to any just Reflection, that his MAJESTY
+    can have no _happiness_ but what results from _his Britain_, who, he
+    must know from _melancholy experience_, will not be tempted to part
+    with the _Doctrines_ and _Exercise_ of the _Religion established_ in
+    her.  His _Majesty_ must know, that a _lawful King_ must adhere to
+    the _Constitution in Church and State_, and shew a most inviolable
+    Attachment to those _Laws_ that were made for the Security of _both_,
+    whatever Indulgences and Concessions are made by _Conventions_ to an
+    _Usurper_ for the Breach of all.  A LAWFUL KING IS A NURSING FATHER,
+    who would protect us, and demand no more _Supplies_ than the
+    immediate Services required, and those from the Riches of the
+    _Country_, the Excrescences of _Trade_ and _Commerce_, without
+    Prejudice to either; and such would be deemed best that were just
+    sufficient for the Purposes they were raised, and for which only they
+    would be employed.  But an Usurper is a Step-Father, that builds his
+    own Hopes and Views on the Ruin and Destruction of his _usurped
+    Dominions_, and has _Joy_ from the _fleecing and impoverishing_ of
+    those under his _Influence and Power_.
+
+    Even his _Majesty’s Enemies_ allow him _great Understanding_, nor has
+    any one of them imputed _Breach of Honour_ to him.  His Abilities and
+    Sense of our Situation would move _him_ to interpose in favour of his
+    _Subjects_; and are equal (if human abilities are so) to extricate us
+    out of the various _Perplexities and Intricacies_ we have been
+    brought into by _Negotiations_, _for thirty Years_, for the
+    Preservation of the Balance of Power, to the _Disappointment_ of
+    every _Briton’s_ Hope, and the _Ridicule_ of all our _Enemies_.
+
+    If you once think, my Brethren, you must repent; if you repent, you
+    must make the _Constitution just Reparation_; which can only be done
+    by calling in your lawful KING JAMES THE THIRD, who has _Justice_ to
+    attempt, and _Wisdom_ to compleat, a thorough _Reformation_ in the
+    Constitution, and to fix in its pristine happy _State_; and which, in
+    spite of all Chicane and Prejudice, _without a_ RESTORATION will
+    never be done.
+
+    I am to declare my Happiness in having such a _Wife and Daughter_,
+    that forgive my involving them in my misfortunes, and having an
+    undeserved Share in them: I heartily thank them, and wish them both
+    temporal and eternal Happiness: and hope that those who are Friends
+    to my _King_ will look upon them as the Relict and Orphan of a
+    _Fellow-Subject_ that has _suffered_ in the ROYAL CAUSE.
+
+    I glory in the Honour I have had of seeing his ROYAL HIGHNESS CHARLES
+    PRINCE REGENT, and of being admitted into his Confidence; and I here
+    declare it the greatest Happiness I ever knew, and the highest
+    Satisfaction; and such as even my vainest Thoughts could never have
+    suggested to me: An Honour to every rational Creature that can judge
+    of the many requisite _Virtues_ of a PRINCE centred in him truly,
+    tho’ so often falsely assigned to the worst.  His Character exceeds
+    any Thing I could have imagined or conceived: An Attempt to describe
+    him would seem gross Flattery; and nothing but a plain and naked
+    Narrative of his Conduct to all Persons, and in all Scenes he is
+    engaged in, can properly shew him.  A _Prince_ betrayed by the
+    _Mercy_ he shewed his Enemies, in judging of the Dispositions of
+    _Mankind_ by the _Benignity_ of his own.  His _Fortitude_ was
+    disarmed by it, and _his ungrateful Enemies_ think they have reaped
+    the Benefit of it; but let them not rejoice at _his Misfortunes_,
+    since his Failure of Success will, without the immediate
+    Interposition of _Providence_, be absolutely their _Ruin_.  What a
+    Contrast is there between his Royal Highness the PRINCE and the Duke
+    of Cumberland!  The first displays his _true Courage_, in Acts of
+    _Humanity_ and _Mercy_; the latter a _Cruelty_, in _Burning_,
+    _Devastation_, and _Destruction_ of the _British_ Subjects, their
+    Goods and Possessions; I would ask—Who is the true HERO?
+
+    The Report of my having betrayed his ROYAL HIGHNESS, or his Friends,
+    is scandalously false; my Appeal to the Counsel for the Prosecution
+    on my Trial, and my suffering Death, must refute it to all honest
+    Men: And I hereby declare I had rather suffer any Death the Law can
+    inflict.—I deem Death infinitely preferable to a Life of Infamy.—But
+    the Death I suffer for my KING, gives me vast _Consolation and
+    Honour_ that I am thought worthy of it.
+
+    To conclude, my _Brethren_ and _Fellow-Subjects_, I must make
+    Profession of that Religion I was baptized, have continued, and shall
+    through the divine Permission die in, which is that of the _Church_
+    of England, and which I hope will stand and prevail against the
+    Malice, Devices and Assaults of her Enemies, as well those of the
+    _Church of_ Rome, as those equally dangerous, the Followers of
+    _Luther_ and _Calvin_, covered under and concealed in the specious
+    Bugbears of _Popery and arbitrary Power_.  This my Faith I have fully
+    set forth in a _Poem_ of two Books, intitled, _The Christian Test_,
+    _or the Coalition of Faith and Reason_; the first of which I have
+    already published, and the latter I have bequeathed to the care of my
+    unfortunate but very dutiful Daughter Mris. _Mary Morgan_, to be
+    published by her, since it has pleased GOD I shall not live to see
+    it.  To this _Poem_ I refer, which I hope will obviate all Cavil to
+    the contrary.
+
+    I freely forgive all my Enemies from the Usurper to Weir and Maddox
+    the infamous Witnesses in support of his Prosecution of me: And I
+    must also, and do from my Heart, forgive my _Lord Chief Justice_, for
+    his _stupid and inveterate Zeal_, in painting _my Loyalty to my King_
+    with all the Reproaches he had Genius enough to bestow on it, when he
+    passed Sentence on Seventeen at once, and which he did without
+    Precedent because it was without Concern.
+
+    I beg all I have offended that they will forgive me for _Jesus
+    Christ’s_ Sake, my only Mediator and Advocate, _To whom with the
+    Father and the holy Spirit_, _be all Adoration_, _Praise_, _Glory_,
+    _Dominion and Power for ever_.  Amen.
+
+                                                             DAVID MORGAN.
+
+    July 30.
+       1746.
+
+The few particulars of those unfortunate gentlemen that appeared in the
+_Scots_ and in the _Gentleman’s Magazines_, for the year 1746, were
+unquestionably derived in a great measure from a pamphlet that was
+published, shortly after their execution, entitled, “A Genuine Acct. of
+the behaviour, &c., of Francis Towneley,” &c.  This pamphlet was
+characterised by considerable political virulence; and, like all the
+publications of that turbulent period, sought to defame the unfortunate
+Jacobites, and to cover their memories with odium.  To defend them from
+such attacks and unjust aspersions would, at that period, have been
+highly dangerous, and justice could not possibly have been done to their
+memories; but now when more than a century has elapsed since their
+deaths, and the asperities of party feeling which then prevailed have
+wholly disappeared, and, by the majority of our countrymen, are scarcely
+known to have ever existed, their reputations should be relieved from the
+unjust calumnies that have so long been suffered to attach to them; and
+the chivalric bravery with which these, and scores of other unhappy
+Jacobites, laid down their lives on the scaffold, cannot fail to awaken
+the sympathy and admiration of every Englishman.  These brave but
+ill-fated men, without one exception, faced death with such undaunted
+firmness as to excite the wonder, sympathy, and respect of the multitudes
+who attended their executions.  Though differing in age, social position,
+education, and habits, in their demeanour and proceedings on the
+scaffold, the most perfect similarity was exhibited; for, as Sir Walter
+Scott says, {32}
+
+    “They prayed for the exiled family, expressed their devotion to the
+    cause in which they died, and particularly their admiration of the
+    princely leader whom they had followed till their attachment
+    conducted them to this dreadful fate.  It may be justly questioned
+    whether the lives of these men, supposing everyone of them to have
+    been an apostle of Jacobitism, could have done so much to prolong
+    their doctrines as the horror and loathing inspired by so many bloody
+    punishments.”
+
+In the pamphlet {33} to which I have referred, the character of David
+Morgan is described to have been singularly unamiable and arbitrary.
+That such was the _worst_ that could be said of him by one who wrote as
+the advocate and apologist of the dominant party, and the partisan of the
+ruthless government that doomed him and his ill-fated friends to death,
+and with whom it was regarded as a political necessity to traduce their
+characters, and hold them up to public odium, seems to me to afford very
+conclusive evidence that no discreditable stain rested on his name that
+even a hireling scribe could distort into a calumny.
+
+The account given of him in the “Genuine Account” is here subjoined in
+its entirety:—
+
+    “Being naturally of a haughty turbulent disposition, his neighbours,
+    tenants, and domesticks, were continually plagued with his
+    ill-humours.  But to sum up his character in a few words; he was a
+    morose husband, a tyrannical master, a litigious neighbour, an
+    oppressive landlord, and a false friend.  He had pride without the
+    least condescension, avarice without a spark of generosity, illnature
+    without a grain of benevolence.  But what his virtues and better
+    qualities were, (if he had any,) has not come to our knowledge.  If
+    they had, we should gladly have mentioned them; that the world might
+    not run away with an opinion, that Mr. Morgan was the only man who
+    ever lived half a century without doing one good action, and that he
+    died unlamented by friend, neighbour, or domestick.”
+
+It appears to me that those aspersions on the unhappy man’s character and
+disposition are fully refuted by the whole tenor of his conduct during
+his imprisonment, and at his execution; coupled with the fact that none
+of the traditions existing in Glamorganshire regarding him are such as in
+any degree justify, or lend the slightest confirmation to, those
+representations of his enemies.  The affection and untiring devotion of
+his wife, who constantly attended him in his prison, his profound
+religious convictions during his confinement, the impressive and fervent
+manner in which he read and prayed to his unhappy companions at the place
+of execution, and the love and respect with which they evidently regarded
+him, furnish very convincing testimony to the goodness of his
+disposition, and the rectitude of his principles.  The references which
+he makes to his wife and daughter in his last address also show that the
+relations existing between them were of the most affectionate nature, and
+do not admit of the remotest inference that any harshness or unkindness
+had ever been exhibited towards them by the hapless husband and father;
+who, had such been the case, would naturally, in the last few hours left
+to him on earth, have sought their forgiveness.  But, though he does
+actually beseech them to forgive him, it is “for involving them in my
+misfortunes, and having an undeserved share in them;” and I entertain a
+decided conviction that his only crime, if crime it were, was that of
+sacrificing his life and property in the effort to establish the
+principles that had probably been instilled into his mind from his
+earliest years, and in endeavouring to place on the throne of his
+ancestors the Prince whom he had been taught to regard as the only
+rightful and legitimate King.
+
+The materials that exist for a biographical sketch of David Morgan are
+extremely few, and very scanty in their nature.  He appears to have
+belonged to a family of considerable respectability in the county of
+Glamorgan, and to have descended from a branch of the distinguished house
+of Tredegar, Sir Thomas Morgan, Knt., {34} of Penycoed Castle, in
+Monmouthshire, whose son James married the grand-daughter and heiress of
+Morgan Jenkin Bevan Meirick, of Coed-y-gorres.  The father of David
+Morgan was Thomas, the second son of William Morgan, gent., who was
+described, in 1678, as the heir of Coed-y-gorres; and who, in the year
+1680, when his kinsman, Thomas Morgan, Esq., of Lanrumney, was sheriff of
+Glamorganshire, filled the office of under-sheriff.  In the year 1682,
+when the sheriff was Rowland Deere, Esq., of Wenvoe, the under-sheriff
+appears to have been Thomas Morgan, of Coed-y-gorres, the younger
+brother.  And again, in the following year, (1683,) the sheriff being
+Thomas Lewis, Esq., of Lanishen, the position of under-sheriff was held
+for the second time by William Morgan, of Coed-y-gorres.
+
+The eldest son of this William Morgan was also named William, and married
+Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Probert, Esq., of the Argoed, in Penalt,
+whose wife was the daughter of Thomas Morgan, Esq., of Machen, a cadet of
+the ancient house of Tredegar.  This gentleman left three sons, named
+William, Henry, and Thomas, who, in the year 1722, appear respectively to
+have filled the offices of sheriff, under-sheriff, and county clerk of
+Glamorganshire.
+
+At this time it is to be presumed that friendly relations existed between
+the brothers.  Their father had died in January, 1718; but his widow
+survived until the year 1726, when disputes appear to have arisen between
+the children respecting the payment of legacies, and the distribution of
+the personalty.  William Morgan had vested his property in trustees, of
+whom there were three, viz., Henry Probert, Esq., of Pantglas, Michael
+Richards, and Robert Howell, gentlemen; but the two first named gentlemen
+appear to have died before the widow.  Legal proceedings were commenced
+at the court of great sessions for the counties of Glamorgan, Brecon, and
+Radnor, in April, 1731; and only terminated in 1736, by an appeal to the
+House of Lords.  The cases of the appellant and respondents are in my
+possession, and I find therein a brief reference to David Morgan, (who
+appears to have had some money transactions with the deceased uncle,)
+which I shall extract.  It occurs in the respondent’s case: {35}—
+
+    “That £197 15s., due on four notes and a bond from David Morgan to
+    the said testator, and included as part of the said £1453 18s. 10d.,
+    was, by an account stated between the said David Morgan, and the said
+    Elizabeth Morgan, and the respondent William Morgan, struck off there
+    being a balance of £65 charged to be paid due to the said David
+    Morgan, over and above the money due on the said notes and Bond.”
+
+As before stated, the second son of William Morgan (described in the
+annexed pedigree as heir of Coed-y-gorres in 1678,) was Thomas, who
+married Dorothy, the daughter of David Mathew, Esq., of Llandaff, by his
+wife Joan, the daughter of Sir Edward Stradling, Bart., of St. Donat’s.
+The only issue of this marriage, so far as I have been able to ascertain,
+was David Morgan, the unfortunate subject of this paper; and who thus
+appears to have been closely allied to the two distinguished families of
+Mathew and Stradling, then among the most wealthy and influential in
+Wales.
+
+The Mathew family boasted of an illustrious descent, being derived from
+Gwaethvoed, Prince of Cardigan; and one of their direct ancestors being
+Sir David Mathew, of Llandaff, who was one of the most distinguished men
+of his time, and was made grand Standard-Bearer of England by Edward IV.
+
+The Stradlings, again, traced their descent, in unbroken succession, from
+Sir William le Esterling, (which name became corrupted to Stradling,) one
+of the twelve Norman knights associated with Robert Fitzhamon, the cousin
+of William II. (Rufus), in the conquest of Glamorgan.  As his share of
+the conquered district, Sir William le Esterling obtained the castle and
+manor of St. Donat’s, with other extensive possessions.  Sir Thomas
+Stradling, the last of the name, continued to reside at St. Donat’s; but
+died, a childless man, at Montpellier, in France, on the 27th of
+September, 1738; and was buried at St. Donat’s on the 19th of March,
+1739.
+
+David Mathew, Esq., of Llandaff, the father of Dorothy Morgan, was
+likewise the father of Brigadier-General Edward Mathews, and the
+grand-father of the well known Admiral Mathews, who was thus the first
+cousin of David Morgan.  Admiral Mathews contested the county of
+Glamorgan with Sir Charles Kemys Tynte, of Cefen Mabley, and was elected
+by a majority of 47.  The election was held at Cardiff, and commenced on
+the 2nd of January, 1744, the poll extending over _nine days_.
+
+Though possessed of no proof that such was the case, I strongly suspect
+that the father of David Morgan acquired Penygraig by his marriage to
+Dorothy Mathews.  But I have not been able to learn whether he ever
+resided there, nor where his son was born, though the period of his birth
+must have been 1695, or 1696.  His father, being the second son, would
+naturally have removed from Coed-y-gorres after his marriage; and it is
+probable that Penygraig became his residence.  Where David was educated
+does not appear; but it is clear that he received a liberal education.
+
+Having studied law, and passed through the prescribed formalities, he
+was, in regular course, called to the bar.  But the author of the
+“Genuine Account,” whether truly or not cannot be clearly known, states
+that “not making a shining figure there, he retired into the country,
+and, after his father’s death, lived chiefly on his estate.”  He was,
+however, well known in the Courts, and had frequently practised at
+Westminster, and elsewhere; though there is reason to suspect that he
+never devoted himself very assiduously to the law, and that his
+predilections, at one period, lay more in a military direction.  In the
+speech which he made at his trial, when referring to the evidence that
+showed him to have been the confidential adviser of the Pretender, and
+his being designated the “Pretender’s Counsellor,” he remarked, “as to my
+capacity as one bred to the law, I confess that I never pretended to much
+knowledge that way, and therefore was a very improper person to counsel
+the chief of the rebels, for my advice could be of little value to him.”
+{37}
+
+From the same source, combined with the fact of his readiness to join the
+army of the Pretender, I draw the inference of his military tendencies;
+for, he further observes, that he had “served the Crown of England in two
+campaigns with some reputation.” {38a}  But no further information has
+been obtained with respect to his movements and proceedings, while
+engaged with the army, beyond the fact that he was frequently addressed
+as “Captain” Morgan.
+
+He likewise appears to have taken rather an active share in the political
+discussions of the day, and to have been a prominent member of the club
+of independent electors of Westminster; for I learn that, after his
+execution, two pamphlets where published on the assumed appearance of his
+ghost at the club.  Nor did he confine himself to political questions,
+for poetry and polemics were somewhat incongruously blended in his
+studies.  Horace Walpole speaks of him as “Morgan, a poetical lawyer;”
+{38b} and it will be remembered that in the paper delivered to the
+sheriffs at the execution, he states, “this my faith I have fully set
+forth in a poem of two books, entitled, ‘THE CHRISTIAN TEST OR THE
+COALITION OF FAITH AND REASON,’ the first of which I have already
+published, and the latter I have bequeathed to the care of my unfortunate
+but dutiful daughter, Mistress Mary Morgan, to be published by her, since
+it has pleased God I shall not live to see it.”
+
+In addition to his estate in Wales, he possessed some valuable leasehold
+property in St. Leonard’s, Shoreditch, which, most probably, was acquired
+by his marriage; for his wife, whose maiden name I have not succeeded in
+ascertaining, was a London lady.  It is not clear whether he left more
+than one child living at his death; for though he refers to his daughter
+Mary Morgan only, in the pedigree of Mathews, of Llandaff, {38c} his
+daughter and heiress is designated “Jane,” which, most probably, was an
+error, and the name should have been “Mary.”  This lady had died
+unmarried prior to the year 1798, (but how long previously I am unable to
+determine,) and her estates in the county of Glamorgan were, at that
+date, held in trust for John William, son of John Chittingden, of
+Tooting, Surrey, who was then only three years of age, as her
+heir-at-law, and co-heir with William Morgan Thomas, {39a} of Lanedern,
+in the county of Glamorgan, whose age was then twenty-two years.  It thus
+appears probable that the property of Morgan either escaped confiscation,
+or was restored to his daughter on the passing of the act for the
+restoration of the forfeited estates.
+
+It has already been stated that Penygraig {39b} is now an ordinary Welsh
+farm-house; and Coed-y-gorres {39c} has long been reduced to the same
+condition; while their connection with David Morgan, and the recollection
+of his tragical fate, are only retained in a few shadowy traditions that
+are rapidly fading out of remembrance.
+
+Glanwern, Pontypool,
+         Dec., 1861.
+
+
+
+
+PEDIGREE OF DAVID MORGAN, ESQUIRE, BARRISTER-AT-LAW.
+
+
+                 [Picture: Pedigree of David Morgan] {40}
+
+
+
+
+FOOTNOTES.
+
+
+{7}  The “Young Pretender,” as he was generally designated.  He was the
+son of James Frederick Edward Stuart, usually called the “Old Pretender,”
+and grandson of James II.
+
+{9}  Williams’s History of Monmouthshire.
+
+{10}  Cambrian Quarterly Magazine, vol. i. pp. 212, 213.  1829.
+
+{11}  This shows the early hours that prevailed in those days.
+
+{12}  Cambrian Quarterly Magazine, vol. ii. 1830.
+
+{14a}  Referring to the exclusion of Welshmen from Welsh Bishoprics it is
+remarked in a pamphlet, published in 1831, that “this system is said to
+have originated in the resentment of King William against the Jacobite
+principles of the native Welsh Clergy.”—_Prize Essay on the Causes which
+have produced Dissent in Wales_, p. 26.
+
+{14b}  Chambers’s History of the Rebellion, vol. i. p. 233.
+
+{15a}  Chambers’s History of the Rebellion, vol. i. p. 309.
+
+{15b}  Lord Mahon’s History of England.
+
+{15c}  Forbes’s Jacobite Memoirs, p. 55.
+
+{15d}  Lord Mahon’s History of England.
+
+{16}  Lord Elcho’s MS. Account.
+
+{17a}  Jacobite Memoirs.
+
+{17b}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii. p. 371.
+
+{19}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.
+
+{20a}  Few families have been greater sufferers through their loyalty and
+faithful adherence to their religion than the Towneleys.  Francis
+Towneley was the fifth son of Richard Towneley, of Towneley, county of
+Lancaster, and was born in 1709.  His eldest brother, Richard,
+participated in the Rebellion of 1715, but though tried for the offence,
+he had the good fortune to escape.  The third brother, John, entered the
+French service; and became tutor to the young Pretender.  John Towneley
+distinguished himself by translating _Hudibras_ into French, and
+exhibited therein a remarkable knowledge of the language.  The grandson
+of Richard, the eldest brother, and the twenty-ninth possessor of
+Towneley from Spartingus, Dean of Whalley, _temp._ Alfred the Great, was
+Charles Towneley, to whose refined taste we owe the well known
+collection, the “Towneley Marbles,” which was purchased by the nation,
+for the British Museum, for the sum of £20,000.
+
+{20b}  The despicable Murray, of Broughton, who acted as the Pretender’s
+Secretary.
+
+{21}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.
+
+{22}  The Pretenders and their Adherents.
+
+{23a}  Scots Magazine, 1746.
+
+{23b}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.
+
+{24a}  Scots Magazine, 1760.
+
+{24b}  Authentic Account, 1760,
+
+{24c}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.
+
+{25}  Scots Magazine, 1760.
+
+{26}  Works of William Shenstone, vol. i. p. 179.
+
+{27a}  Thomson’s Memoirs of the Jacobites, vol. iii. p. 415.
+
+{27b}  Chambers’s History of the Rebellion, vol. ii. p. 233.
+
+{27c}  Authentic copies of the papers wrote by Arthur Lord Balmerino, and
+others, and delivered to the sheriffs at the places of execution, 1746.
+
+{32}  Tales of a Grandfather, vol. iii. p. 324.
+
+{33}  A Genuine Account, &c.
+
+{34}  In the reign of Edward IV., Morgan Jenkin Phillip was possessor of
+Pencoed.  He married Margaret, daughter of Thomas Scudamore, of
+Kentchurch, and great-grand-daughter of Owen Glendower.  Leland says,
+“Morgan the Knight of Low Wentlande, dwelling at Pencoite, a fair manor
+place, a mile from Bist, alias Bishopston, and two mile from Severn Sei.
+He is of a younger brother’s house.”
+
+{35}  Particulars privately printed for the House of Lords.
+
+{37}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.
+
+{38a}  Howell’s State Trials, vol. xviii.
+
+{38b}  Letters of Horace Walpole, Earl of Oxford, to Sir Horace Mann,
+vol. ii. p. 166.
+
+{38c}  MSS. of Sir Isaac Heard, privately printed by Sir Thomas
+Phillipps, Bart.
+
+{39a}  Ann, the third daughter of William Morgan, Esq., of Coed-y-gorres,
+(who died in 1762,) married John Thomas, of Fyn Fynon, in the parish of
+Llanedern, Glamorganshire, and had one son, William Morgan Thomas.  The
+representatives of this gentleman appear to have subsequently resided at
+a place called Llanarthan, in the parish of St. Mellon’s, Monmouthshire;
+and some of them were very recently living.
+
+{39b}  I have been informed that after Morgan’s death this place came
+into the possession of Mathews, of Llandaff, and was sold by a member of
+that family to an ancestor of the present Colonel William Mark Wood, who
+now owns it.  And this seems very probable, as I find that Penycoed, in
+Monmouthshire, now the seat of the Morgans, having been purchased by
+Admiral Mathews, was sold, about the year 1800, by his grandson, John
+Mathews, Esq., to Colonel Wood of Piercefield; and Penygraig may have
+been disposed of at the same time.
+
+{39c}  Coed-y-gorres is now the property of the son of the late Rev.
+Windsor Richards, Rector of St. Andrew’s, and of St. Lythen’s, in the
+county of Glamorgan; but how acquired I am not able to show.
+
+{40}  For those unable to see the diagram it is given in text below.—DP.
+
+Treharne Thomas ap Blethyn, of Lanedern, Gent.==Mallt, d. and h. of
+Morgan Jenkin Bevan Meirick, of Coed-y-gorres.  They had issue Mallt, d.
+and h.
+
+[1st Wife . . . ==Sir Thomas Morgan, of Pencoed, Knt.==. . . Widow of . . .
+Powell.  The second marriage had issue James Morgan.]
+
+James Morgan==Mallt, d. and h.  The had issue Morgan James, of
+Coed-y-gorres.
+
+Morgan James, of Coed-y-gorres, Gent.==Maud, d. to Watkin William David
+ap Gwylym Jenkin Herbert, of Gwern Ddu.  They had issue William Morgan
+James.
+
+William Morgan James, of Coed-y-gorres, Gent.==Catherine, d. and
+coheiress to Lewis ap Rees ap Morgan Prees Yychan, of Lancaiach Yssa.
+They had issue William, O. S. P. and Catherine, d. and h.
+
+Catherine, d. and h.==John, great-grandson to Sir Thomas Gamage, of
+Coyty, Knt.  They had issue Thomas Morgan.
+
+Thomas Morgan, of Coed-y-gorres, Gent., baptised 1st Jan. 1609==Margaret,
+d. to Evan Thomas Bevan Meirick, of Eglwysilan, Gent.
+
+William Morgan, Gent., heir of Coed-y-gorres in the year 1678==M.
+Elizabeth, d. to Watkin Thomas, Gent.
+
+Thomas Morgan, of Coed-y-gorres, Gent., baptised 1st Jan. 1609==Margaret,
+d. to Evan Thomas Bevan Meirick, of Eglwysilan, Gent.  They had issue
+William Morgan, Gent.
+
+William Morgan, Gent., heir of Coed-y-gorres in the year 1678==M.
+Elizabeth, d. to Watkin Thomas, Gent.  They had issue William Morgan of
+Coed-y-gorres; Thomas Morgan, second son, of Coed-y-gorres; and two other
+sons, and five daughters.
+
+William Morgan of Coed-y-gorres==Elizabeth, d. to Henry Probert, of the
+Argoed, in Penalt, Esq.
+
+[David Mathew, of Llandaff, Esq., 1678==Joan, d. of Sir Edmund Stradling,
+of St. Donat’s, Bart.  They had issue Dorothy]
+
+Thomas Morgan, second son, of Coed-y-gorres==Dorothy.  They had issue
+David Morgan, Barrister
+
+David Morgan, Barrister, executed on Kennington Common, 1746==. . . d. of
+. . . of London.  They had issue Mary (?) d. and h.  O. S. P.
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DAVID MORGAN, THE WELSH JACOBITE***
+
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