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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of The "Twenty-Seventh", by Winthrop D. Sheldon
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: The "Twenty-Seventh"
-       A Regimental History
-
-Author: Winthrop D. Sheldon
-
-Release Date: February 3, 2020 [EBook #61312]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE "TWENTY-SEVENTH" ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by John Campbell and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
-produced from images generously made available by The
-Internet Archive)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-  TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
-
-  Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.
-
-  The three footnotes in the Catalogues (Chapters IX to XII) have
-  multiple anchors denoted by [A], [B] and [C]. These footnotes have
-  been left at the end of each relevant section, as in the original
-  text. The footnotes are listed here for easy reference:
-    [A] Taken prisoner at Fredericksburg.
-    [B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-    [C] Taken prisoner at Gettysburg.
-
-  Some minor changes to the text are noted at the end of the book.
-
-
-
-
-  THE
-
-  “TWENTY-SEVENTH.”
-
-  _A REGIMENTAL HISTORY._
-
-
-  BY
-  WINTHROP D. SHELDON, A.M.,
-  LATE LIEUTENANT COMPANY H.
-
-
-  [Illustration: (Publisher colophon)]
-
-
-  NEW-HAVEN:
-  MORRIS & BENHAM.
-
-  1866.
-
-
-
-
-TO THE
-
-OFFICERS AND PRIVATE SOLDIERS
-
-OF THE
-
-TWENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT CONN. VOLUNTEERS,
-
-THIS MEMORIAL OF PATRIOTIC SERVICE
-
-IS
-
-RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED.
-
-
-
-
-CONTENTS.
-
-
-                                                   PAGE
-
-     I. CAMP NEAR WASHINGTON,                         9
-
-    II. TO THE FRONT,                                17
-
-   III. FREDERICKSBURG,                              22
-
-    IV. CAMP NEAR FALMOUTH,                          33
-
-     V. CHANCELLORSVILLE,                            43
-
-    VI. ON TO RICHMOND,                              56
-
-   VII. GETTYSBURG,                                  71
-
-  VIII. IN MEMORIAM,                                 89
-
-    IX. RECORD OF CASUALTIES,                       100
-
-     X. CATALOGUE OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS,         115
-
-    XI. PROMOTIONS,                                 119
-
-   XII. CATALOGUE OF ENLISTED MEN,                  123
-
-
-
-
-FREDERICKSBURG,
-
-December 13th, 1862.
-
-
-CHANCELLORSVILLE,
-
-May 1st, 2d, and 3d, 1863.
-
-
-GETTYSBURG,
-
-July 2d, 3d, and 4th, 1863.
-
-
-
-
-THE
-
-“TWENTY-SEVENTH”
-
-CONN. VOLS.
-
-
-
-
-CHAPTER I.
-
-CAMP NEAR WASHINGTON.
-
-      “As by the west wind driven, the ocean waves
-      Dash forward on the far-resounding shore,
-      Wave upon wave: first curls the ruffled sea,
-      With whit’ning crests; anon with thundering roar
-      It breaks upon the beach, and, from the crags
-      Recoiling, flings in giant curves its head
-      Aloft, and tosses high the wild sea-spray,
-      Column on column--so the hosts of Greece
-      Poured ceaseless to the war.”
-                                            HOMER.
-
-
-The campaign of the Twenty-seventh Regiment Connecticut Volunteers
-began in the most critical and anxious period of the war against
-the rebellion--the year 1862. After long months of diligent
-preparation, the Army of the Potomac opened the year with its
-first memorable advance against the rebel capital. The inspiring
-faith of all loyal hearts followed every step of its progress up
-the Peninsula, toward the stronghold of treason; and when the
-shattered but undaunted remnants retreated down the James river,
-and hurried to the defence of the national capital, menaced by
-an exultant foe, deep was the disappointment which filled the
-whole North. Every ear was strained to catch the result of the
-conflict before Washington, only to hear that the rebels had been
-partially successful, and were crossing the Potomac into Maryland
-and Pennsylvania. Those were days of profound anxiety, but not of
-weak irresolution. Each new disaster seemed to bring the people
-nearer to a realization of the magnitude of the struggle, and nerve
-them to fulfil the imperative duties of the hour. The President,
-early in July, issued his Proclamation, calling for three hundred
-thousand men, to serve for three years; and on the fourth of August
-following summoned to the field three hundred thousand more, to
-serve for nine months. The Twenty-seventh Regiment was organized
-under this latter call. Its members were recruited from New-Haven
-county, and mainly from the city of New-Haven, with considerable
-numbers from Madison, Milford, Meriden, Wallingford, Branford,
-Clinton, and Guilford, and still smaller quotas from other
-neighboring towns.
-
-The character and material of the regiment well illustrated
-the heartiness with which all classes responded to the earnest
-call of the President in those dark days of the Republic. Every
-variety of condition and employment found representatives in the
-Twenty-seventh. The agricultural population of the county responded
-with a goodly number of the votaries of Ceres. Many of the most
-respected and enterprising mechanics and business men of the
-community laid aside for a season the implements of their labor to
-join its ranks. Members of the press exchanged pen and type for
-sword and bayonet. There were also several accomplished engineers
-in the regiment, one of whom was detailed in that department, on
-the staff of General W. S. Hancock, and had charge of the General’s
-topographical maps and plans of battles. The public schools of the
-city contributed one of their most esteemed teachers, who gave
-his life on the field of Fredericksburg; and in the room where of
-yore he so successfully led on his pupils from step to step in
-knowledge, hangs his portrait, to them a daily-recurring lesson of
-noble patriotism and self-devotion. Also the various professions
-furnished of their members; and old Yale, never faithless to the
-patriotic instincts of her Revolutionary sons, was represented
-by several of her graduates and students, one of whom was a
-color-bearer of the regiment at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville,
-and Gettysburg.
-
-The first company went into camp at Camp Terry, New-Haven, in the
-latter part of August, and by the middle of September the whole
-number of companies were on the ground, with nearly a full quota
-of men. Being technically a militia regiment, the choice of field
-officers was vested in those of the line. Richard S. Bostwick, of
-New-Haven, was elected Colonel; Henry C. Merwin, of the same place,
-Lieutenant-Colonel; and Theodore Byxbee, of Meriden, Major; all of
-whom, with a number of the company officers, had been connected
-with the three-months volunteers at the beginning of the war. After
-several weeks spent in perfecting the organization and equipment,
-the regiment was mustered into the United States service, October
-twenty-second, 1862, for the term of nine months, and started for
-the field in the evening of that day, numbering eight hundred and
-twenty-nine, rank and file.
-
-Without stopping to dwell upon the passage to New-York, to Port
-Monmouth, or upon the generous hospitality of the Quaker City, and
-passing by the night journey to Baltimore, succeeded by a day’s
-rest on the pavements of that city, the morning of the twenty-fifth
-found us in Washington. Camp Seward, on Arlington Heights, is soon
-reached, and quickly long rows of tents rear their white roofs
-in General Lee’s peach orchard. Possibly in other days we should
-have been summarily ejected by a grand charge of that gentleman’s
-dusky retainers, or perhaps indicted in the courts for presuming
-to trespass upon the domain of an F. F. V., and have paid dearly
-to appease his injured feelings. But now the crowd of slaves is
-dispersed, and “Massa Lee” is not there to dispute our right to
-possession.
-
-Our introduction to the Old Dominion would be incomplete unless the
-foreground of the picture presented to view that bugbear, Virginia
-mud, which has made and unmade so many Generals, and stopped the
-wheels of the Army of the Potomac with periodical regularity. We
-had hardly arrived at Camp Seward when the clouds began to marshal
-their forces for an illustration of their power to change the
-sacred soil into a sea of mud; and as if to show the minutiæ of the
-forming process, it began to drizzle slowly; the mist gradually
-enlarged into drops, and the soil grew softer and softer. As we
-floundered about, we began to realize that the aforesaid mud was
-not altogether a myth, conjured up by inefficient commanders to
-excuse inaction. The storm continued at intervals during the
-twenty-sixth, and, as night approached, a strong wind, superadded
-to the pelting rain, swept howling over the ridge, tearing many
-of our tents from their uncertain moorings. All, however, were
-disposed to view philosophically this somewhat unceremonious
-welcome to the soil of Virginia, and the hardships of a soldier’s
-life.
-
-At noon of the twenty-seventh the order came to strike tents,
-preparatory to moving our camp a few miles up the Potomac. Late
-in the day the march began. Crossing over into Georgetown, by the
-Aqueduct Bridge, and following the picturesque course of the river
-up to Chain Bridge, we return to the left bank, and bivouack for
-the rest of the night around huge fires. The next morning Camp
-Tuttle assumes a veritable existence, and here the Twenty-seventh
-settle down to a month’s routine and drill, preliminary to the
-rough experience of an actual campaign. Our camp was situated upon
-a rising ground, from which could be seen the majestic dome of the
-Capitol. Some distance in front of the parade, and on the left,
-were thick woods, while the right was skirted by a road, across
-which were encamped the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-eighth New-Jersey,
-and the One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Pennsylvania, which, with
-our own regiment, constituted a brigade of Abercrombie’s division
-of the army, for the defence of Washington. As soon as the camp was
-established in its new location, the Colonel issued a regimental
-order, setting forth the programme of daily duty as follows:
-Reveille at six A.M.; guard mounting at eight; company drill from
-nine to eleven, and again from one to two; battalion drill from
-three to four, and dress parade at five P.M.; tattoo at nine, taps
-at half-past nine. All this was varied by an occasional season of
-picket duty, a few miles up the Leesburg turnpike.
-
-Our first Sabbath at Camp Tuttle forms, in most respects, a sample
-of all the rest. Sunday is to the soldier the most anomalous day
-of the calendar, especially if situated, as we were, without a
-chaplain. The weekly inspection and freedom from drill are the
-chief points which distinguish it from other days. In the present
-instance, however, an unexpected cause of excitement appeared.
-After dress parade, it was announced that in consequence of certain
-rumored movements of the enemy in the direction of Leesburg, it
-might be necessary to beat the long roll, to call the regiment
-under arms at any moment during the night. Of course, the very
-thought of a rebel added new zest to our military existence. Every
-one was on the _qui vive_, and made his arrangements to respond
-to the call with the utmost promptness. But the apprehended raid
-did not take place, and our rest was therefore undisturbed by the
-soul-stirring notes of the long roll.
-
-Every few days a company was detailed to go on picket--an event
-not altogether unwelcome, as a relief to the monotonous round of
-camp duties, and as an introduction to a new phase of experience.
-To obtain some idea of this portion of our regimental life around
-Washington, let us “fall in,” fully armed and equipped, and follow
-one of these parties to the picket-line. On the present occasion,
-Company H, with detachments from other regiments, started out
-one morning, and, after marching several miles on the Leesburg
-Turnpike, arrived about ten o’clock at the village of Langley.
-The line of pickets extended along the main road a short distance
-beyond the centre of the place, and also along a cross-road, which,
-coming up from the south, connects with the turnpike just before we
-reach the village. Houses, favorably situated at different points,
-were occupied as headquarters of the various squads, or, if such
-conveniences were not at hand, brush huts supplied their place. At
-that time Langley consisted of about a dozen houses, and one small
-church, and had once been favored with two regular taverns, whose
-sphere was now filled by two boarding-houses of minor importance,
-one of which indicated its character to the public by the sign:
-
-  +---------------+
-  |               |
-  |     RESTER    |
-  |         ANT   |
-  |               |
-  +---------------+
-
-The dinner hour having arrived, the pickets unanimously conclude
-to set aside Uncle Sam’s homely fare, and take advantage of the
-enlarged facilities of entertainment afforded by the village.
-Accordingly they adjourn to one of the boarding-houses, kept by
-a man of secession proclivities, whose principles, however, do
-not interfere with his untiring efforts to please. Such houses of
-refreshment, where a civilized meal could be obtained, situated
-as they were here and there along the picket-line, added much to
-the enjoyment of these brief excursions from camp. Our duties were
-not very onerous, requiring the attention of each man two hours
-out of every six, and consisted in seeing that no one passed along
-the road, or appeared in the vicinity, without proper authority.
-In good weather, the two days of picket duty, occurring once a
-fortnight, were quite agreeable; but if stormy, they afforded good
-material for the grumbling fraternity.
-
-In view of the approach of winter, and the probability of remaining
-in our present location for some time, it was thought best to make
-corresponding preparations. Pine logs, with considerable labor,
-were cut and brought in from the neighboring forest, and soon Camp
-Tuttle began to present an air of comfort positively inviting.
-But after only a brief enjoyment of our improved quarters, and as
-if to remind us of the uncertainty always attending the soldier’s
-life, orders came, November eighteenth, for Company H to strike
-tents, pack up, and march over to Hall’s Hill, there to clear up
-a place for the regimental encampment. Arriving on the hill in a
-pelting rain, huge fires were built of the brush and stumps which
-covered the ground, and by evening our tents were up, and we were
-as comfortable as circumstances would allow. Hearing of several
-deserted encampments about a mile distant, on Miner’s and Upton’s
-Hills, many parties went out the next morning to secure anything
-which might add to their convenience. A large barren plain was
-covered far and wide with the huts and _débris_ of a portion of
-McClellan’s army, which encamped here in the winter of 1862. The
-whole presented a very curious and suggestive sight. Meanwhile,
-orders came to strike tents and rejoin the regiment. It appeared
-that all the regiments in the vicinity were ordered to prepare for
-a rapid march. The Army of the Potomac had but recently crossed
-the river, after the battle of Antietam, in pursuit of Lee, and
-the enemy were said to be threatening General Sigel, in command
-at Centreville. In view of this state of affairs, the reserve, in
-the defences of Washington, was called upon to be ready for any
-emergency. Returning to camp, we found the men earnestly canvassing
-the nature of the contemplated march. The orders, however, were
-countermanded in the evening, perhaps in consequence of a severe
-storm, which continued for several days.
-
-
-
-
-CHAPTER II.
-
-TO THE FRONT.
-
-
-The soldier who is untried in the fearful ordeal of war looks
-forward with a kind of adventurous excitement to the time when he
-shall cross swords with the enemy; and especially if his heart is
-bound up in the cause, and his motives lie deeper than mere love of
-adventure, he desires to stand at the post of duty, though it be in
-the deadly charge, and at the cannon’s mouth.
-
-At length the last day of November, a beautiful Sabbath, came,
-and with it marching orders. All attention was now concentrated
-upon the movement to take place the next day, at nine o’clock.
-The cooks were busy preparing rations for the march; the men were
-arranging their traps in the most portable form, and all looked
-forward with eager interest to the new scenes before us. At the
-appointed time, on the following morning, the Twenty-seventh, with
-the other regiments in the brigade, began the march for Washington,
-leaving our comparatively commodious A tents standing. Henceforth,
-shelter-tents, and for much of the time no tents at all, were to be
-our covering. Our final destination was all a mystery, until, as
-the days advanced, conjecture was enabled, with some probability,
-to fix upon Fredericksburg. The march across Chain Bridge, through
-Georgetown and Washington, and down the Potomac, fifteen miles,
-consumed the first day, and that night a tired set slept beneath
-their shelter-tents, nestling in the woods by the road-side.
-
-By eight o’clock, December second, we were again in motion, and
-before sundown accomplished the appointed distance of twenty miles,
-through a pleasant country, divided into large and apparently
-well-cultivated plantations. Sambo’s glittering ivory and staring
-eyes gleamed from many gateways, greeting us half suspiciously. One
-young colored boy concluded he had been beaten quite long enough by
-his master, and not liking the prospect before him if he remained
-in slavery, thought best to join the column, and march to freedom.
-In anticipation of some such proceedings on the part of the colored
-population, the planters of that region patrolled the roads on
-horseback, watching our ranks as we filed past, to see if some
-luckless contraband were not harbored therein.
-
-The third day brought us within three miles of Port Tobacco, and
-without standing on ceremony, we encamped for the night on the
-grounds of a secessionist planter, and availed ourselves of his
-abundant store of hay and straw. December fourth, we passed through
-the town--a very ordinary, shabby-looking place, whose secession
-population hardly deigned to glance at us, except from behind
-closed shutters.
-
-Thus far the weather had been delightful, but the fifth day of our
-march, and the last on the Maryland side of the Potomac, opened
-rather inauspiciously, and by the time we reached the river bank
-at Liverpool Point, a cold rain-storm had set in, in which we
-were obliged to stand a couple of hours awaiting our turn to be
-ferried across to Acquia Landing. At length the rain changed into
-driving snow, and when we arrived at the Landing, the surrounding
-hills were white with the generous deposit. The village at Acquia
-Creek, after being evacuated sundry times, had risen again from
-the ashes of several burnings to become the base of supplies for
-Burnside’s army before Fredericksburg. Busy carpenters were rearing
-storehouses, eventually to take their turn at conflagration, and
-the offing was full of vessels of every description, loaded with
-stores to be transferred by rail to Falmouth.
-
-In the snow we disembarked, and after many delays reached our
-camping ground, on a hill-side, a mile or more up the railroad. It
-was now evening, and the prospect seemed anything but encouraging,
-in view of the fact that the storm continued with even augmented
-fury. We pitched our shelter-tents and made our beds in the
-snow, and built fires, under difficulties which can hardly be
-exaggerated. To add to the discomfort of the case, our supplies
-were entirely exhausted, and although the wharves and storehouses
-at the Landing fairly groaned with pork and hard-tack, we could
-not obtain these articles, owing to inflexible red tape, and in
-part to the fact that the railroad was monopolized in carrying
-subsistence for the army at Falmouth. A very limited supply of
-sawdust ginger-cakes constituted the universal bill of fare until
-the evening of the next day.
-
-December sixth dawned upon us, cold and frosty, but clear--just
-such weather as graces the month in the latitude of New-England.
-The discomforts of the preceding day were soon forgotten in the
-cheerful sunshine. At this time our worthy chaplain, Rev. J. W.
-Leek, joined the regiment. Though separated from us in one short
-week, by reason of an almost fatal wound, yet in that brief period
-he had gained the hearty respect and esteem of all, and connected
-his name most honorably with the history of the Twenty-seventh.
-
-After a rest of two days, we bade adieu to Acquia Creek on the
-morning of December eighth, and resumed our march to Falmouth.
-Having lost our way, the journey, which properly required but
-one day, occupied until noon of the next, when we arrived at the
-headquarters of General D. N. Couch, at that time in command of
-the Second Army Corps. By him the Twenty-seventh was assigned to
-the Third Brigade, General S. K. Zook’s, of the First Division,
-commanded by General W. S. Hancock. At this time the Army of the
-Potomac was divided into three grand divisions--the right, left,
-and centre--the first, of which our corps formed a part, under the
-command of General Edwin V. Sumner.
-
-We were now marched off to our camping ground, a short distance
-from the Rappahannock river. Henceforth the fortunes of the
-Twenty-seventh are linked with the Army of the Potomac. The
-regiment belonged to a corps whose thinned ranks eloquently
-testified to the hard-fought contests of the Peninsula, where
-it had borne the brunt, always in the fore-front of battle, and
-the last to retire when retreat became necessary. The history of
-the Second proved it to be one of the most reliable corps in the
-service--always ready for any desperate encounter under its brave
-and fighting leaders. The famous Irish Brigade formed a part of
-our division. Such being the character and history of the corps,
-it was evident that the Twenty-seventh must now make up its mind
-to the severest of campaign service. Scarcely were our tents up,
-when the Colonel received orders to have the company cooks prepare
-four days’ rations, to be ready by the next morning--the inevitable
-preliminary to more important events.
-
-The forenoon of December tenth was occupied in cleaning our arms
-and preparing for an inspection, to take place at twelve o’clock,
-before General Zook and staff. Perhaps at this point it might
-be well to speak of the weapons the General was called upon to
-inspect, and which he declared unfit for service. One of his staff,
-a day or two later, remarked: “Boys, if you can’t discharge them,
-you can use the bayonet.” That certainly was the most serviceable
-part of the gun. At the outset, the Twenty-seventh, with the
-exception of the flank companies, was furnished with Austrian
-rifles of such an inferior order that no regular inspector would
-have passed them. Scarcely one of these weapons was without defects
-in the most essential particulars. These facts are not mentioned
-to bring discredit upon any of the authorities cognizant of such
-matters, but simply as a matter of justice to the regiment.
-Doubtless the best of reasons could have been given to justify
-the temporary distribution of such arms. Early, however, in the
-following January, the regiment was supplied with the Whitney
-rifled musket, a weapon in the highest degree satisfactory to all.
-
-
-
-
-CHAPTER III.
-
-FREDERICKSBURG.
-
-
-In the afternoon of the tenth, two hundred and fifty men of the
-Twenty-seventh were detailed to picket along the Rappahannock
-above Falmouth. During all the following night might be heard an
-unusual rumbling of cars, bringing up subsistence from Acquia
-Creek, and the rattling of ammunition wagons and pontoon trains,
-slowly moving to their respective destinations. At half-past four,
-on the morning of the eleventh, the Colonel passed around to the
-officers’ quarters, giving orders to have their companies supplied
-with three days’ rations, and fall in by half-past six, in light
-marching order. Let us leave the scene of busy preparation in camp,
-and for a few moments view the events transpiring on the river.
-Three points had been carefully selected by General Burnside where
-bridges were to be thrown across--one a short distance above the
-Lacey House, another a few rods below the railroad bridge, and the
-third about two miles below the city. Boat after boat is anchored
-in its place; plank after plank is laid in quick succession, and
-the river is well-nigh spanned by the trembling structure, when
-suddenly two signal guns break on the still night air, and a sheet
-of flame bursts from houses on the opposite bank, where hundreds
-of sharp-shooters lie concealed. The defenceless bridge builders
-are temporarily driven from their work, while the cannon from the
-bluffs behind belch forth a defiant response to the rebel challenge.
-
-To return to the Twenty-seventh. Promptly at half-past six the
-regiment fell in and joined the rest of the brigade, a short
-distance from camp. Silently, through woods and across fields,
-we marched to the corps rendezvous, in a deep hollow near the
-Phillips House, where General Sumner had his headquarters. On the
-way we passed long lines of troops moving rapidly to the river, or
-resting behind rows of musket stacks. Here we were to remain until
-a crossing could be effected.
-
-Meanwhile, the frequency of cannon discharges increases. Every
-moment another adds its voice to the swelling volume, until from
-twenty batteries, comprising more than a hundred guns, arranged
-along the banks of the river, bursts a tempest of shot and shell
-over the rebel city. This continues, with little cessation, until
-noon. For three hours following, only occasionally a gun disturbs
-the comparative quiet. Then the ball opens again with renewed
-violence. A visit to the top of the hill, overlooking the city,
-reveals columns of smoke, with now and then a flash of flame,
-testifying to the effectiveness of the bombardment. At the river,
-all attempts to complete the pontoon bridge had hitherto failed.
-
-With particular interest we gazed upon a regiment of the corps, as,
-tired, dusty, and powder smeared, it rejoined us after a protracted
-effort at the bridge. History records but few parallels to the more
-than heroic valor which crowned that day’s work. A trusty weapon
-supports the soldier’s courage, but to stand, unarmed, the target
-of unerring sharp-shooters, unable to respond to their attacks, and
-in view of almost inevitable death, is the highest test of courage.
-It became evident that the bridge could be completed only by
-driving the sharp-shooters from the houses on the opposite side, by
-a sudden dash across the river. This hazardous duty was intrusted
-to the Seventh Michigan and detachments from several other
-regiments, and nobly was it performed. The rebels were driven from
-their hiding-places, the bridge touched the opposite shore, and the
-first act in this fearful drama closed. This success was received
-with universal joy, and all attention now concentrated in what the
-future should unfold. General Howard’s division of the Second Corps
-crossed over into the city, while Hancock’s and French’s bivouacked
-for the night in a strip of woods near the Phillips House.
-
-Early the next morning, December twelfth, we crossed into
-Fredericksburg, over the bridge which had cost so much blood and
-labor the preceding day. Evidences of the bombardment everywhere
-presented themselves, in the houses perforated with shot and
-shell, and in the miscellaneous rubbish which hindered our
-progress through the street. Mattresses, pitchers, chairs, kitchen
-utensils, and other furniture, scattered about in grotesque
-confusion, testified that those who had passed the night in the
-town had availed themselves of all the comforts within reach. We
-moved down Water street, and halted at the first pontoon bridge,
-a few rods below the railroad, where we encamped that day and
-night. The Twenty-seventh spent the day in bridging gullies and
-mud-holes with boards and planks from neighboring fences, so that
-the artillery could pass. Company B was detailed to lay pontoons
-across a stream uniting with the Rappahannock just below the town.
-About the middle of the afternoon the rebel batteries attempted to
-annoy the men engaged in these preparations, and for a time a very
-brisk artillery duel was maintained between the opposing forces.
-Sheltered as we were by the steep bank, the rebels could not obtain
-accurate range, and most of the shells shrieked harmlessly over our
-heads, and fell into the river or struck on the opposite side.
-
-At length the eventful thirteenth arrived--a day full of scenes
-and experiences which will never fade from the memory of those
-who participated in them. Immediately after breakfast we were
-marched up to Caroline street, the principal street of the town,
-parallel with the river. Here the division was formed in line of
-battle, and stacked arms, while arrangements were being completed
-to storm the heights back of the city. Staff officers were riding
-in hot haste to and fro, carrying orders, or disposing the forces,
-and occasionally our division general, Hancock, rode slowly and
-proudly up and down the line, surveying the ranks, his countenance
-wearing an aspect of quiet and cool determination. At length the
-sound of cannonading comes to our ears from below, indicating
-that General Franklin has entered upon the task assigned him, of
-seizing the railroad and turning the enemy’s flank. Like banks
-of keys in a great organ, the rebel works rise behind the town,
-and gradually the chorus of notes bursts forth directly in front
-of us. The rebel shell crash among the houses or strike in the
-street, while the batteries of the Second Corps, on the north bank
-of the Rappahannock, send their shrieking replies over the city.
-“Attention!” rings out loud and long above the din. Every man is in
-his place, his musket at a shoulder. “Right face!” “Right shoulder
-shift arms!” follow in quick succession. At this moment General
-Hancock rides up to the Twenty-seventh, and leaning forward in
-his saddle, with his right arm upraised, briefly addresses them:
-“You are the only Connecticut regiment in my division. Bring
-no dishonor upon the State you represent.” The order is given,
-“Forward! March!” reëchoed by commanders of brigades, regiments,
-and companies, and we move in quick time down the street to the
-railroad.
-
-While the column is moving on, let us briefly survey the position
-of the battle-field. Fredericksburg is situated in a large
-amphitheatre, admirably adapted for defence. Directly in the rear
-of the town is a smooth field with a slightly ascending grade,
-extending back a little less than half a mile to the telegraph
-road, which is flanked by a stone wall, beyond which rises a ridge
-somewhat abruptly from a hundred to a hundred and fifty feet high.
-This range of high ground extends as far as Hazel Run, a little
-stream emptying into the Rappahannock just below the lower edge of
-the town, and in the other direction bends toward the river, which
-it very nearly touches just above Falmouth, about a mile above
-Fredericksburg. Rebel batteries were strongly posted along this
-eminence, so that a front and enfilading fire could be secured upon
-any force advancing across the level plateau. General Longstreet
-was in command of these lines of fortifications, while Stonewall
-Jackson commanded the rebel right, opposite General Franklin, the
-whole under the supreme direction of General Lee. Bearing in mind
-that the task before us was to capture these formidable heights,
-let us return to the storming column.
-
-Sheltered in a measure by the houses, it passes down Caroline
-street with little interruption; but as soon as we arrived at the
-railroad dépôt, several rebel guns, trained upon the spot with
-fatal accuracy, welcome us to the encounter. Very near this point
-fell Captain Schweizer, the first of the long list of casualties
-which at nightfall told how fearfully the conflict had decimated
-the ranks of the Twenty-seventh. Several were knocked down, one of
-whom, leaping up, exclaimed earnestly, “I’ll have pay for that!”
-then springing to his place, rushed on to death, for no one ever
-saw or heard of him afterward. The division now advanced at a
-double-quick into the open field; then, after resting a few moments
-on the ground, at the order, “Charge!” moved by the left flank
-with fixed bayonets, passing French’s division, which had been
-obliged to fall back. A second brief rest, then on again, while
-shot and shell plow the ground in front, burst over our heads, or
-make fearful gaps in the line. Yet on we rush. The wounded are
-left where they fall. Not a word is spoken, not a gun fired. As we
-approach nearer the rebel lines, all the elements of destruction
-ingenuity can devise or position afford, are concentrated upon
-the narrow space. From rows of rifle-pits, protected by a heavy
-stone wall, bursts a continuous roll of musketry; from neighboring
-houses flashes the deadly fire of sharp-shooters, while batteries
-posted on the heights behind strong field-works, and supported
-by infantry, sweep the field with shot and shell and grape and
-canister. Enfilading batteries on the right and left of the rebel
-semicircle pour in their swift discharges, and behind us, the
-batteries of the Second Corps, on the other side of the river,
-shell the enemy’s works with little effect at the distance of
-nearly three thousand yards, but with so much danger to the
-storming party, that General Couch orders them to cease firing.
-The line now begins to waver, and, with some disorder, presses
-forward to a brick house, from which a brisk musketry fire is kept
-up in the direction of the stone wall. At this time the various
-regiments became mingled together, and, unfortunately, at the order
-to deploy into line to renew the charge, the Twenty-seventh, in
-consequence of the confusion, separated into several fragments,
-advancing to the right and left of the house. The time for a
-sudden dash had passed, and unable longer to stem the avalanche
-of fire, which seemed to gather intensity as we proceeded, the
-charge was continued only as far as a board fence, all full of
-bullet holes and torn with shot, less than a hundred yards from the
-famous stone wall, as estimated by an officer of the regiment who
-afterward visited the spot under flag of truce. With the exception
-of a partially successful attempt to approach still nearer the
-rebel rifle-pits, the men remained at this point the rest of
-the afternoon, loading their guns on the ground, then rising
-sufficiently to deliver their fire.
-
-The rebel musketry continued with almost uninterrupted violence
-until night overshadowed the scene, never entirely ceasing in our
-front. At times it surged off to another part of the line, with
-only a scattering fire opposite our position; then rolled back
-again with redoubled power, the peculiar rattling of separate
-discharges being fused into one prolonged sound. Lines of rebel
-troops could be seen marching along the ridge, and running down
-to aid their comrades in the rifle-pits below. But for a weary
-two hours no reënforcement advanced to the support of the Union
-forces. At one time appearances seemed to indicate that the rebels
-were about to charge upon our feeble line, but a few well-directed
-volleys admonished them to remain behind their stone walls.
-
-The Union artillery had thus far accomplished comparatively little,
-owing to its distance from the rebel works, and to the absence
-of all favorable positions where guns could be posted, on the
-Fredericksburg side of the river. Late in the afternoon, however,
-several guns took position in the upper streets of the city.
-The battle-field shook with their combined discharge. Meanwhile
-Hancock’s division had been mostly withdrawn, to give place to the
-other division of the Second Corps. But many of the Twenty-seventh
-and other regiments remained at their posts, their safety being
-still more endangered if they attempted to leave the field.
-
-At three o’clock in the afternoon, Howard’s division advanced to
-the attack, to be hurled back before the overwhelming fire of
-the rebels. Only a brief time is now left before darkness will
-cover the scene. A final, desperate effort must be made to take
-the heights. Supported by the batteries in the streets, a fresh
-division advances into the field. How splendidly they charge! with
-what a perfect line! We can look into the faces of the men as they
-come on. Nothing apparently can withstand their onset. They come
-steadily to within a few paces of where we lie. Then bursts forth
-from the rebel works an iron tempest which had scarcely a parallel
-even on that day. Showers of bullets went whistling by or struck
-the ground in every direction, while pieces of shell, bits of old
-iron, grape and canister, rained down with a dull sound as they
-hit the earth. Arrested in its course, the line wavers, fires a
-few volleys, then scatters like chaff. It was now about dusk, and
-many of the Twenty-seventh who had remained on the field after the
-withdrawal of our division, retired into the city. At the edge of
-the plateau, where a battery was stationed, mounted officers were
-endeavoring to rally into some sort of order the shattered remnants
-of the division, whose magnificent charge we have just described.
-
-The aspect of Fredericksburg that night cannot be adequately
-described. Lines of troops were under arms in the streets, ready to
-meet the enemy should they attempt to follow up their advantage and
-drive the army across the river. Crowds of soldiers, all excited
-by the events of the day, moved rapidly along the sidewalks.
-Processions of stretcher bearers tenderly conveyed their mangled
-freight to the hospitals. The eloquent red flag waved from almost
-every house, suggesting that the surgeons were diligently at work,
-while the glare of candles from the windows added to the wildness
-of the scene without.
-
-The next day was the Sabbath, bright and clear overhead, but
-inexpressibly sad to us; for one third of the three hundred and
-seventy-five who followed the colors of the Twenty-seventh into
-battle, lay dead on the field, or wounded in the hospital. That
-forenoon was spent in cleaning our guns, in anticipation of further
-fighting. The Connecticut Brigade, under General Harland, was
-drawn up in line of battle on the main street, under orders to be
-ready at any moment to charge up the heights. As will subsequently
-appear, they were spared this perilous duty. Occasionally a
-resident of the town came timidly forth from his hiding-place, or
-a family, loaded down with bundles of household effects, slowly
-wended their way across the pontoon bridge, to escape the terrors
-surrounding them. A disagreeable uncertainty hung over every moment
-of the day, and when we awoke on the morning of the fifteenth,
-nothing had transpired to diminish our suspense. It was plain that
-something must be done, and that very soon. Delay only added to the
-difficulties of the situation. The army must fight, or evacuate the
-city. Every few minutes during the day we were ordered to fall in.
-The expectation was universal that we were again to be led to the
-attack. Hour after hour processions of ambulances moved across the
-pontoon bridge, and up the opposite bank, so that by evening the
-town was nearly empty of the wounded. General Burnside rode by and
-received a hearty welcome. Evidently a movement of some kind was
-soon to be made. A short time after dark the division was ordered
-under arms, and all, except the Twenty-seventh Connecticut, marched
-down Water street toward the railway bridge. Our little band stood
-waiting thus during the evening, in momentary expectation of being
-led out to support the pickets. At length orders were received to
-advance a few hundred yards below the railroad. As we arrived, the
-rest of the brigade silently arose from the ground where they had
-been sleeping, and like spectres vanished in the darkness. Here we
-remained until near midnight, obtaining what sleep was possible,
-then noiselessly fell in, and without a word spoken above a
-whisper, retired rapidly down the street to the pontoon bridge. The
-streets were as silent as death. A few soldiers were preparing to
-loosen the moorings which held the pontoons to the banks. After a
-brief halt, the Twenty-seventh, carrying a few boxes of ammunition,
-re-crossed the river by the same bridge on which they had entered
-the city four days before. On the road to Falmouth we met General
-Hancock, who asked, “What regiment is this?” and being informed,
-the Twenty-seventh Connecticut, expressed his great satisfaction
-with the conduct of the regiment in the events of the last few
-days. After losing our way in the darkness, and experiencing a
-heavy rain-storm, we arrived at our old camp ground on the morning
-of the sixteenth.
-
-All unconscious of the night’s events, the rebels threw a few
-shells into the town, and meeting no response, crept cautiously
-down from their fortifications, expecting to find our forces
-concealed under the banks of the river. But no pickets challenged
-their advance: the Union army had slipped from their grasp, the
-pontoons were up, and thus was accomplished one of the most skilful
-movements recorded in military history.
-
-
-
-
-CHAPTER IV.
-
-CAMP NEAR FALMOUTH.
-
-
-The failure at Fredericksburg, considered in itself, and especially
-in connection with its causes, was well calculated to produce
-much discouragement throughout the entire army. On the eleventh
-of December the troops streamed forth from their camps, confident
-in their ability to drive the foe from Marye’s Heights, and hurl
-him back to Richmond. On the sixteenth they returned, baffled and
-dispirited, having lost twelve thousand men in fruitless efforts
-to overcome the natural and artificial advantages of the rebel
-position. The fearful scenes of a battle may well impress the
-veteran of many conflicts; but when, for the first time, a regiment
-meets the enemy with every advantage in favor of the latter, and
-when the list of killed and wounded swells to unusual proportions,
-and nothing is accomplished by this expense of life and energy,
-it is no sign of weakness that despondency and gloom for a time
-prevail. Such a feeling, resulting from failure in the campaign,
-and from the loss of a large number of our most esteemed officers
-and men, pervaded the Twenty-seventh in common with the rest of
-the army. The loss of such men as Captains Schweizer and Taylor,
-Sergeants Barrett and Fowler, Corporals Mimmac and Alling, and
-many others, men of high character, who went to the field purely
-from a sense of duty--such men in their death could not fail to
-leave behind, among their fellow soldiers, a universal sorrow,
-reaching to the very depths of the heart. The memory of those who
-fell on the thirteenth of December, and many of whom lie in unknown
-graves back of Fredericksburg, will never lose its freshness,
-but rather grow in strength as the history of future years adds
-significance to the conflicts of the present.
-
-Fortunately for the success of Burnside’s plan of evacuation,
-his operations were concealed in the darkness of a severe storm,
-which had not terminated when we arrived in our former camp on
-the morning of the sixteenth. In the afternoon the two hundred
-and fifty men of the Twenty-seventh who had been picketing along
-the Rappahannock for the previous six days, rejoined us, many of
-them much exhausted by their unusually prolonged duties. Expecting
-to be absent from the regiment only a day, the ordinary limit of
-picket duty at one time, the party took with them only one day’s
-rations, and in the confusion attending the movement of troops and
-the battle, rations for the additional time could be procured but
-irregularly and in insufficient quantities.
-
-According to orders, the camp was now moved to a strip of pine
-woods skirting the west side of the division parade-ground. But
-this was not to be our permanent location; and after manœuvring
-for several days from one place to another, we at length encamped
-in the edge of a forest, only a few rods from where we first
-pitched our tents, on the line of the Rappahannock. An elevated
-plain stretched away between us and the river, and above a slight
-depression the clustered spires of Fredericksburg rose to view,
-from whose belfreys, on a Sabbath morning, we could sometimes hear
-the summons to the house of God. A walk of a few rods brought us in
-full view of the city, sitting in calm quiet among the hills, while
-long red lines told where the rebel earthworks lay, and little
-specks of white in the background disclosed the enemy’s camps.
-Just under the edge of the bluff to our right, and concealed from
-view, was the village of Falmouth, a mongrel collection of houses
-arranged along dirty, unpaved streets.
-
-Although intimations were thrown out that the army would now go
-into winter quarters, yet it was nearly two weeks before our men
-could dispossess themselves of the idea that some fine morning the
-old stereotyped order, “Strike tents and pack knapsacks!” would
-scatter to the winds their plans of personal comfort.
-
-As soon as it was evident that no further movements would be made,
-the men vigorously applied themselves to the work of building
-huts, devoting the mornings to this labor, while brigade drill
-occupied the afternoon. In the hundred and thirty log houses of
-our little regimental village was embraced an amount of comfort
-wholly inconceivable by those who know nothing of the numerous
-contrivances a soldier’s ingenuity can suggest to supply the place
-of ordinary conveniences. Generally, four congenial minds would
-unite their mechanical resources. A pine forest within reasonable
-distance, an axe and a shovel, one of Uncle Sam’s mule teams,
-and a moderate degree of ingenuity, constitute the only capital
-of these camp carpenters. Having secured a favorable site, ten
-by seven, these comrades in bunk sally forth to the neighboring
-grove, and before their sturdy blows the old pines come crashing
-down, are split into slabs of the required length, and in due time
-reach their destination in camp. After smoothing the ground, and
-carefully removing stumps, the logs are hewn out and placed one
-above another, with the ends dove-tailed together, or set upright
-side by side in trenches, and soon the huts assume their full
-proportions--seven feet by ten. Every man now becomes a mason. The
-surrounding region is ransacked for stone and brick, with which to
-construct a fire-place at the front end. While this important work
-is going on, another is vigorously plying his wooden trowel, in
-plastering up the fissures with clay, on the principle that nothing
-is without its use, even Virginia mud. The roof is made of thin
-shelter-tents, buttoned together. As regards internal arrangements,
-at the further end are two bunks, one above the other; and as the
-upholsterer has not performed his part, and very likely never
-will, the occupants must content themselves with the soft side of
-pine slabs. On one side of the hut is a rack for the reception of
-guns and equipments, while at the other a cracker-box cover on
-stilts does duty as a table. In respect to seats, the ingenuity
-of different individuals showed itself in rudely constructed
-benches, or square boards, elevated on three-pronged crotchets,
-obtained in the woods, or was satisfied with the trunk of a tree
-cut into suitable lengths. Over the fire-place a mantle was
-generally located, containing a confused collection of tin plates
-and cups, knives and forks, and an endless variety of rubbish. In
-winter quarters it is very desirable to have a liberal supply of
-culinary furniture. The man whose fire-place is adorned with an
-iron frying-pan, is an object of envy to all his comrades, and is
-universally agreed to have reached the acme of comfort. However,
-the halves of old canteens, fitted with handles, answer very well
-in its place. In many of the huts, telegraph wire might be found
-doing service in the shape of a gridiron, upon which an occasional
-steak is broiled. Very likely, in its appropriate place is a
-coffee-pot, perhaps of the plantation style, two feet high, and
-large in proportion, which some argus-eyed soldier has observed and
-quietly confiscated.
-
-Our huts were now nearly completed, and with no little satisfaction
-we surveyed their rough architecture, pork-barrel chimneys, and
-cracker-box doors, feeling that though the winds might blow, and
-the rainy season pour down its floods, we were prepared to endure
-it patiently. When the army has just completed its preparations
-for a comfortable time, it is safe to prophesy marching orders
-within three days thereafter. So it proved in the present instance.
-At dress parade, on the sixteenth of January, an order was read
-for the regiment to be ready to march on the next day with three
-days’ rations. Details were dispatched at midnight to the Brigade
-Commissary’s, after rations, and in good season on the seventeenth
-we were ready to start; but no final orders came, and it was
-bruited about that General J. E. B. Stuart, while roving around
-Dumfries and Alexandria with his rebel cavalry, in the absence of
-General Burnside in Washington, had telegraphed an order, as if
-from him, for the army to be ready to move. This is of a piece with
-a joke Stuart perpetrated on another occasion, when in the name of
-a Union General he telegraphed to Washington for certain stores,
-and is reported to have received them in good order.
-
-On the eighteenth, Generals Burnside and Sumner reviewed our
-Army Corps. In the afternoon of the twentieth, an order was read,
-announcing that the army was “about to meet the enemy once more.
-The auspicious moment had arrived to strike a great and mortal blow
-at the rebellion, and to gain that decisive victory due to the
-country.” The plan was for Hooker and Franklin to cross at Banks’s
-Ford, six miles above Falmouth, and capture Taylor’s Hill, the
-key of the position, from which they could advance in the rear of
-Fredericksburg, and turn the enemy’s flank. This being done, Sumner
-with his grand division, to which the Twenty-seventh belonged,
-was to cross directly in front of the city at the old place, and
-take the batteries which had baffled our efforts in the battle of
-December thirteenth. The plan was substantially the same as the
-previous one, except that the flank movement was to be made upon
-the rebel left wing instead of his right. The failure of December
-resulted from the inefficiency of Franklin’s flank demonstration,
-which allowed the enemy to mass his forces in front of Sumner. But
-now it was proposed to use two corps in the preliminary movement,
-and, provided they were successful in taking Taylor’s Hill,
-Sumner’s success would be assured, notwithstanding the rebels had
-been engaged for a month previous in strengthening and extending
-their works. Hooker and Franklin were in motion on the twentieth,
-while impetuous Sumner waited in his camps to hear the signal which
-should summon his veteran legions to the conflict. For several
-days, artillery and pontoons had been passing camp _en route_ for
-Banks’s Ford. If the weather continues favorable, the morrow will
-bring to our ears the boom of a hundred and fifty cannon.
-
-But one of those strange events beyond man’s power to avert
-disconcerts the whole plan. Instead of the roar of artillery, the
-unwelcome sound of rain salutes our ears the next morning, and
-continues for several days. Impassable roads, guns and pontoons
-fast in the mud, men toiling slowly along, or pulling at the boats,
-add a new page to the chapter of misfortune which had followed
-the noble Army of the Potomac. The rebels briefly summed up this
-last advance in these laconic words, “Burnside stuck in the mud!”
-which they impudently displayed from their picket-line, derisively
-inquiring when the “auspicious moment” would arrive. The rainy
-season had now set in in good earnest, and the wearied troops
-returned to their camps to await the advent of spring.
-
-The progress of events had already foreshadowed a change of
-commanders, and on the twenty-ninth of January general orders
-were read announcing that General Burnside had been relieved, and
-the accession of Joe Hooker. The brief two months of Burnside’s
-command had secured for him the sincere respect of the whole
-army. His honesty of purpose could not be impeached, and none
-felt more keenly than himself the ill success which had attended
-him. History, in summing up his campaign, will assign no small
-significance to the fact that Burnside did not receive the hearty
-coöperation of his subordinate commanders. He possessed an
-excessive self-distrust, and it was creditable to his candor to
-confess it; yet it is a question whether this distrust did not
-reäct unfavorably upon the officers and men of his command. Condemn
-it as we may, the boastful self-confidence of Hooker had no little
-influence in reïnspiring the army with that self-reliance which
-forms an important item in the calculations of success.
-
-The advent of General Hooker was signalized by the abolition of
-the grand divisions, and a return to the simpler organization of
-_Corps d’Armée_. And what was of more consequence to the soldiers,
-an order was published directing the issue of four rations of fresh
-bread and fresh beef, and two rations of potatoes per week, with an
-occasional supply of other vegetables. This measure went right to
-the hearts of the army, for it must be confessed, and it is nothing
-to their disgrace, that the hearts of soldiers are very near, if
-not actually in, their stomachs. For an army is a great physical
-machine, expending a vast amount of animal power, and requiring
-careful attention to its animal wants to secure the highest moral
-efficiency.
-
-From the battle of Fredericksburg to Hooker’s move in the spring
-of 1863, the Twenty-seventh was engaged in picket duty along the
-Rappahannock, whose banks are as familiar to the men almost as
-the walks of childhood. Every other day, at seven in the morning,
-our quota of the division picket, equipped with blankets and one
-day’s rations, formed in front of the Colonel’s tent, and, after
-inspection, marched a mile to General Hancock’s headquarters to
-undergo another inspection, after which a march of two or three
-miles brought them to the line of the river. The fact that three
-fourths of the time it was either rainy, or snowing, or cold
-and blustering, will give some idea of the arduous character of
-picket duty. By mutual agreement, the custom of picket firing, so
-annoying and useless, was discontinued, and friendly intercourse
-was no uncommon event; which latter practice, though harmless in
-itself, was yet so liable to make trouble that it was prohibited
-by special order. Frequently the rebels launched out on the river
-their diminutive craft, laden with tobacco and the latest Richmond
-papers, and bearing a note to “Gentlemen of the United States,”
-requesting an interchange of commodities.
-
-February twenty-second, we experienced the severest snow-storm of
-the season. At noon, through the thick mist of snow-flakes, came
-the deep boom of cannon, swelling into a loud chorus, from the
-adjacent batteries, answered by the low, muffled murmur of the
-distant discharge. In every direction salutes were being fired in
-honor of Washington’s birthday. The time and place gave additional
-interest to this demonstration of respect for the Father of his
-Country, for this region is intimately connected with his history.
-Here he lived, and here are his descendants to this day, while on
-the other side of the Rappahannock a simple tomb marks his mother’s
-resting-place.
-
-March fifth, General Hooker reviewed the Second Army Corps, on a
-large plain, near Hancock’s headquarters. The corps was drawn up in
-nine lines by brigade, in all nearly fifteen thousand men. General
-Hooker and General Couch, the then corps commander, with their
-brilliant and numerous staffs, rode rapidly up and down the several
-lines, while the men presented arms. Then taking position in front,
-the brigades marched by in column by company. Nothing was more
-impressive than the sight of the many regiments reduced to a mere
-fragment of their former strength--a silently eloquent commentary
-upon the inscriptions on their banners.
-
-The rapid advance of spring, and Hooker’s known determination to
-move on the enemy at the earliest possible moment, led to much
-speculation as to the plan of the new campaign. Before the close of
-March, intimations were thrown out that the army must expect soon
-to take the field. Daily balloon ascensions were made at several
-points on the river, in order to ascertain the position of the
-rebels. As an illustration of “Fighting Joe’s” cool assurance, it
-was currently reported that one day he sent his balloon directly
-over the city of Fredericksburg, having previously notified the
-commandant that any molestation would meet with condign punishment
-from his batteries. The comparative nearness of our camp to the
-river afforded good opportunities for observing any change on the
-rebel side, and the probability that we should have to cross in
-front of the city in any future movement, whetted our curiosity.
-The rebels had been actively engaged all winter in strengthening
-their position, and now dark lines of rifle-pits and earthworks
-frowned from the bluffs for miles up and down the banks, commanding
-every available crossing. As may well be imagined, the prospect was
-by no means inviting.
-
-
-
-
-CHAPTER V.
-
-CHANCELLORSVILLE.
-
-
-April eighth, the Twenty-seventh participated in the grand review
-of the Army of the Potomac by President Lincoln, preparatory to
-opening the spring campaign. Fifty or sixty thousand men were in
-line, and probably the army was never in better condition than at
-that time.
-
-One week later, orders were received to supply the men with eight
-days’ rations, five to be carried in their knapsacks, and three
-in their haversacks. Overcoats, dress coats, and everything which
-could possibly be dispensed with, were to be turned in to the
-Quartermaster. Each day company inspections were held, to see that
-the men were prepared as the orders directed. About this time the
-regiment was transferred to the Fourth Brigade, under the command
-of Colonel J. R. Brooke, of the Fifty-third Pennsylvania. A storm
-of two days’ duration postponed the forward movement a short
-time, but by the twenty-seventh of the month the weather became
-tolerably settled, and now began a campaign which it was fondly
-hoped would result in the capture of Richmond. In the morning we
-sent out an additional picket of over three hundred men, leaving
-hardly a corporal’s guard in camp. All day artillery and cavalry,
-pack-mules and wagon-trains, were passing camp, on their way to the
-right. Late in the evening, orders came to strike tents, pack up as
-quietly as possible, and report on the division parade at daybreak.
-Our pickets returned at two o’clock the next morning. The camp was
-now full of bustling preparation. The huts all illuminated; the
-eager hum of voices; men hurrying to and fro; the decided tones of
-command, combined to form a scene of excitement nowhere found but
-in the army. At daybreak the regiment fell in, and bade farewell
-to the dismantled camp, to enter upon an experience none of us had
-ever contemplated as likely to fall to our lot.
-
-Camp near Falmouth will linger vividly in memory, when other more
-startling scenes of army life have faded into oblivion. Our four
-months’ residence witnessed a complete change in the face of the
-country. A few stumps, or a solitary tree, were all that was left
-of the forests which, four months before, waved over a hundred
-square miles of territory. Here and there a house, tenantless,
-fenceless, and dingy, or a blackened ruin, with only a bare chimney
-standing, loomed above the naked landscape, a picture of complete
-desolation.
-
-The division having assembled near General Hancock’s headquarters,
-began the march for United States Ford, at seven in the morning.
-We passed many deserted encampments, whose late occupants, like
-ourselves, were on the move. Instead of following the direct
-course of the river up to the Ford, which was only ten miles above
-Falmouth, we pursued a very circuitous route, and, after an easy
-march, halted in a strip of woods, where we encamped for the night.
-The next day, at evening, we had just pitched our tents and built
-fires, and were in the act of making coffee, and frying a bit of
-pork or beef, when the order came for the Twenty-seventh to fall in
-with all possible dispatch. Suppers were thrust into haversacks,
-without much regard to order, and in a few moments the regiment
-marched off about a mile, to picket in the woods. This duty
-occupied us until the next afternoon, when we were relieved, and
-hastened on to overtake the rest of the brigade, which had already
-broken camp. During the night previous a light fall of rain took
-place, just enough, however, to put the roads in bad condition. All
-along the route, pioneers were thrown out in advance, to corduroy
-the worst places for the passage of the trains. As far as the eye
-could reach, a continuous line of army wagons filled the road,
-urging their way forward with the greatest difficulty. The woods on
-either hand rang with the sharp crack of the teamsters’ whips, and
-simultaneously a chorus of wild shouts burst from the driver and
-the men pushing at the wheels, while high above the din rose shrill
-cries, resembling the notes of the screech-owl. Then, with a quick,
-jerking jump, the nimble mules landed the team in the next rut, to
-await the reception of the same magical sounds.
-
-Advancing to within a short distance of the Ford, the corps halted
-to await the completion of the preparations for crossing. The sun
-now burst forth from the canopy of clouds as if in glad sympathy
-with the exhilaration which pervaded all hearts in consequence of
-the encouraging news from the front. A dispatch from General Hooker
-announced that the success of the Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth
-Corps was all that could be desired, and that the rebels were
-retiring. These corps broke camp early on Monday morning, April
-twenty-seventh, and took the route to Kelly’s Ford, twenty-five
-miles above Fredericksburg. The pontoons were laid and a crossing
-effected on the following day, with very little opposition, and the
-troops pushed forward rapidly to Germania Ford, on the Rapidan,
-for the purpose of concentrating at Chancellorsville. General
-Stoneman, with his cavalry, crossed on Wednesday, to enter upon
-the grand raid which the _Richmond Examiner_ characterized as
-the “most audacious enterprise of the war.” The diversion from
-Germania caused the rebels to evacuate their works in front of
-the United States Ford, so that no molestation was offered when
-the pontoons were laid for the passage of the Second Corps. Late
-in the afternoon of April thirtieth, we moved rapidly down the
-abrupt, woody bank, and once more, set foot on the south side of
-the Rappahannock. A line of well-constructed rifle-pits, with
-more elaborate works for cannon, at intervals of several hundred
-yards, commanded the crossing. In their hasty retreat the rebels
-left behind two pieces of artillery spiked. Only a few miles now
-separated us from the scene of operations, and after marching
-through woods, and over muddy roads, rendered infinitely worse
-by the constant passage of troops, we bivouacked for the night a
-short distance from the Chancellor House, a large brick mansion,
-so called from its occupant, V. Chancellor. This residence was
-situated about five miles from United States Ford, and about ten
-miles southwest of Fredericksburg, at the junction of the plank
-road to Gordonsville and the Orange County turnpike. A shapeless
-mass of ruins is all that now remains of what gave name to one of
-the most remarkable battles of the war.
-
-Save an occasional discharge of cannon, the forenoon of May first
-was spent in comparative quiet, neither party seeming disposed to
-inaugurate the conflict. Movements, however, were in progress with
-a view to ascertain the enemy’s position. In the afternoon the
-Twenty-seventh participated in a reconnoissance for this purpose,
-which came very near proving an affair of no little importance.
-Leaving our bivouack in the woods, we advanced down the road by the
-Chancellor House, and ascending a gentle elevation, turned aside
-into an open lot on the left, near a small dwelling, afterward
-occupied by General Lee as his headquarters. Here a section of
-artillery was exchanging compliments in a lively manner with a
-rebel battery, a short distance up the road. Several companies
-were immediately deployed as skirmishers, with the remainder as
-a support, and advanced through the woods to feel the enemy’s
-position, and develop his strength. Suddenly the artillery limbered
-up, the skirmishers were called in, and the reconnoitering force
-retired to the rear at double-quick. This movement was rendered
-necessary by an advance of the enemy, seriously threatening
-our right flank; but they were foiled in the attempt, and fell
-back before a stubborn fire of musketry and artillery. For a
-few moments we remained in line of battle in the open ground
-near the Chancellor House, then, moving down the road a short
-distance, deployed through the thick and tangled woods on the left.
-Appearances indicated that the rebels were about to charge down
-from the ridge from which we had just retired, but they contented
-themselves with shelling us furiously with their batteries. Long
-before the cannonade ceased, the mellow twilight of a May evening
-had passed into the darkness of night, adding to the fearful
-sublimity of the scene, as the rebel guns woke the sleeping forest
-echoes, and shells careered wildly through the air, and crashed
-among the trees. Quietly resting on the ground, we wait for the
-iron storm to pass. No sooner has the last shell swept over our
-heads and burst into numberless fragments, than we enter upon the
-night’s work, of intrenching our position against the anticipated
-attack of the morrow. The rebels were apparently engaged in similar
-work just across the ravine. It was a busy and exciting scene along
-the lines of the army that night. The rapid strokes of axemen,
-followed by the dull sound of falling trees, rang through the woods
-in every direction. Details of men were at hand to put the logs in
-position, while others dug a trench in the rear, and heaped the
-soil upon them. For some distance in front of the breastworks,
-trees were cut down for the purpose of obstructing the enemy’s
-advance. After the completion of our intrenchments, we rested under
-arms, and at daybreak, May second, as silently as possible, marched
-out into the road, and past the Chancellor House, and took a new
-position in Hooker’s line of battle. The rebels soon entered the
-place we had just left, which, however, was of very little value to
-them, and could easily be reöccupied when circumstances required.
-We spent the forenoon in building breastworks, while on the other
-parts of the line there was much skirmishing, and several sharp
-fights. At intervals during the day the enemy opened upon us with
-shot and shell, discovering our position by the smoke curling above
-the trees from the camp fires. At noon, when rations were being
-dealt out to the companies, the rebel gunners, doubtless tantalized
-by the display, seemed determined to involve commissaries and
-rations in one common ruin.
-
-Several days had now passed in the usual preliminaries to a battle.
-Hooker had succeeded in drawing the main force of the rebels
-from their works in the rear of Fredericksburg, and was himself
-well intrenched in the dense woods skirting the plank road, and
-most appropriately called the Wilderness. The line of battle of
-the Union forces formed a broad wedge, whose base rested on the
-Rappahannock, the apex terminating at the extreme front beyond the
-Chancellor House. The Eleventh Corps held the extreme right, and
-next in order were the Third, Twelfth, and Second, while the Fifth
-occupied the left.
-
-Lee is said to have issued orders to his troops to break this line,
-at all hazards. A brief calm followed the desultory movements of
-the day. The men stood in their places behind the breastworks,
-gazing into the woods in front, eagerly listening to hear the first
-sound which should tell where the rebel blow would strike. At four
-o’clock in the afternoon, the enemy advanced in heavy force down
-the plank road, and began the attack in the neighborhood of the
-intrenchments we had thrown up the night before. The rapid fire
-of musketry on our right indicated a serious attempt to pierce
-the centre of the Union line. Under cover of this movement, the
-indomitable Jackson advanced his hordes through the woods, and
-hurled their solid array on Hooker’s right wing, directly in rear
-of our present position. Let the Eleventh Corps stand firm, and
-victory will rest on our banners ere the close of day. The current
-history of the hour tells us how the crisis was met. But more
-expressive than history itself was the wild shout of triumph that
-burst from one end of the rebel line to the other, as it swept
-over the earthworks, and saw the panic-stricken corps dashing
-madly to the rear. Who can describe the almost breathless interest
-with which we listened to the fluctuations of the conflict? Now
-the avalanche of the enemy is stayed a moment in its course; then
-nearer and nearer approaches the sound of battle, and it seems
-as if the next instant the foe will dash in upon our rear. A
-portion of the Second Corps hurries away to the scene of strife,
-and General Hancock, every nerve strung to the highest pitch
-of excitement, rides up to inform the Colonel that probably we
-should not be called into action, but were to hold our position,
-and that in case of necessity we could fight on either side of
-our breastworks, plainly pointing to the possibility that the
-enemy may attack in the rear. Through the woods behind us we can
-see batteries of artillery rushing into position near Hooker’s
-headquarters, and in a few moments the forest trembles with the
-terrific cannonade, vying with the thunders of heaven in the
-compass of its sound. In the distance the deep, prolonged boom of a
-hundred-pounder swells the bass notes of the chorus. Double-shotted
-with grape and canister, the field-pieces sweep the rebel line with
-murderous effect. At length darkness put an end to this sublime
-exhibition of human power. The frightened whippoorwills ceased
-their plaintive cries; the quiet moon rose over the bloody field,
-and Nature sank into a silence fairly oppressive. We remained under
-arms most of the night, frequently changing our position as the
-emergency required.
-
-At eleven o’clock occurred one of those episodes of warfare which,
-in startling grandeur and terrible magnificence, well-nigh border
-on the supernatural. The forces of Hooker and Lee were resting
-on their arms, renewing their energies with an hour of broken
-slumber, and ready to rush to battle at the first flash of dawn.
-The air was perfectly still and serene, transmitting the rays of
-the moon with unusual brilliancy. Scarcely a sound disturbed the
-painful silence of the almost interminable woods. All at once the
-artillery, massed on the ridge hardly half a mile behind us, with
-one tremendous crash poured in its fire upon the enemy’s position,
-covering the charge of a division of infantry. The thunder of
-musketry and artillery reverberated through the forest with an
-effect inconceivably grand.
-
-At the earliest moment on Sabbath morning, May third, the battle
-was renewed, but apparently with less vigor than on the preceding
-day, and yet, as brigade after brigade became engaged, and the
-almost unexampled roar of musketry rolled along the line, it
-was evident that the enemy were about to follow up, with even
-greater desperation, the advantage already gained. Immediately
-after breakfast, the Twenty-seventh, with the exception of two
-companies--D and F, engaged in other duty--was ordered down into
-the intrenchments we had thrown up, near the apex of the wedge,
-the Friday night previous. These works now formed a part of the
-picket-line of the army, and from the nature of the position and
-its relation to the movements of the enemy, a large force was
-required in order to hold it. As is usual in such cases, when
-a picket in force is ordered, the colors did not accompany the
-column. As the regiment advanced, at double-quick, down the hill
-into the ravine, it was met by a heavy fire of musketry. A number
-were wounded, and several shot through the head, just as they
-entered the breastworks. One or two regiments whose ammunition
-was exhausted, were gradually drawn off in small squads. Not
-succeeding in their first attempt, the rebels made no further
-attack in force upon our part of the line, but, concealed in the
-thick woods, continually annoyed us with a scattering fire. The men
-replied as they had opportunity, and with considerable effect, as
-the rebels themselves afterward acknowledged. Colonel Bostwick was
-particularly noticeable for the almost reckless exposure of himself
-to the enemy’s fire, while attending to his duties at different
-points in the line. Lieutenant-Colonel Merwin reminded him several
-times of the great danger he incurred, as he stood on a slightly
-rising ground to the rear of the rifle-pits, a conspicuous object
-for some rebel bullet.
-
-While the conflict was culminating in other parts of the field,
-the enemy in our immediate front were not so idle as appearances
-indicated. Looking through the woods, we could indistinctly see
-a large body of infantry making a wide circuit to the right,
-seemingly with a view to attack some remote part of the line. A
-similar movement took place also to the left. “Look out on the
-right!” “Look out on the left!” passed up and down the line, and
-every man was on the alert, ready to meet them should they attempt
-to carry our intrenchments.
-
-Suddenly, from unseen batteries behind us, comes a deep roar,
-and the next moment shell after shell shrieks through the trees
-and bursts almost in the rifle-pits. The thought flashes upon
-us that the rebels are in our rear, but is dismissed with the
-reflection that it is only a Union battery firing too low, and
-will soon correct its false range. Meanwhile our little band had
-been reduced to less than four hundred men, embracing two hundred
-and seventy of the Twenty-seventh, with small portions of the
-One Hundred and Forty-fifth Pennsylvania and Second Delaware; and
-this force being entirely inadequate to hold the extended line,
-Colonel Bostwick dispatched Major Coburn to General Hancock for
-reënforcements. In a few moments the shelling ceased, and far up
-the road in front appeared a rebel officer waving a flag of truce,
-and slowly advancing, waiting for a recognition. The men stopped
-firing in the immediate vicinity of the road, while for a moment
-the musketry became more brisk on the left flank. At length the
-rebel officer arrived within a few paces of the works, where he was
-halted, to await the presence of Colonel Morris, of the Sixty-sixth
-New-York, commanding the whole line. This officer was not to be
-found, and the responsibility of receiving the communication
-from the flag of truce devolved upon Colonel Bostwick, of the
-Twenty-seventh. The rebel--a tall, rough specimen, and yet with
-the manner of a gentleman--announced himself as Lieutenant Bailey,
-of a Georgia regiment; that he had been sent to inform us that we
-were entirely surrounded; that there was no possible avenue of
-escape, and therefore he summoned us to surrender, and thus avoid
-the loss of life which would inevitably follow any resistance to
-the overwhelming force in front and rear. The Colonel replied that
-he did not “see” it, and proceeded to investigate the actual state
-of affairs. Meanwhile Lieutenant-Colonel Merwin went up through the
-woods in the rear only to find it too true that the rebels were
-posted in strong force, to bar any escape in that direction. Masses
-of the enemy pouring in on the right and left, revealed at once
-the desperate position in which we were placed, while the singing
-bullets from the woods behind as well as in front, indicated that
-the foe were closing in upon us. The first impulse among officers
-and men was to attempt to force our way through. But it was evident
-that such a course would result in the destruction of more than
-half our number, while the remainder would inevitably fall into
-the hands of the enemy. After a hurried consultation among the
-officers, a surrender was agreed upon, and the formality had hardly
-been completed, when a heavy line of rebel skirmishers swept out
-of the woods behind. Only five minutes before, the men stood at
-their posts undisturbed by even a doubt of their security; now,
-astonished at the sudden _denouement_, we found ourselves about to
-enter upon the terrible uncertainties of rebel captivity. And this
-surprise and mortification was increased by the conviction that
-serious disaster must have overtaken the Union army. The history of
-the day establishes the fact, that Saturday’s misfortune, and the
-subsequent operations of Sunday morning, compelled the formation of
-a new line of battle. The surging conflict had gradually crowded
-Hooker back, and late in the afternoon the army retired, by his
-order, to a position some distance in rear of the Chancellor House.
-As General Hancock afterward stated, orders were sent down to the
-Twenty-seventh to fall back at the same time, but they failed to
-reach us; and while the rest of the army had retreated to the new
-line, the Twenty-seventh still remained at the extreme front of the
-old, entirely unconscious of this change of position. Our situation
-in a ravine, surrounded by dense woods, rendered it impossible
-to observe the movements going on in other parts of the extended
-field. The enemy, already aware of Hooker’s withdrawal, immediately
-planted a battery behind us, supported, as one of the rebels
-afterward said, by two brigades of infantry.
-
-The experience of Major Coburn immediately after the shelling,
-while _en route_ to deliver the Colonel’s request to General
-Hancock, more than confirms this statement. On his way to the rear
-he was accompanied by one of our sergeants, severely wounded in
-the early part of the action. They had passed hardly half a mile
-through the woods when they were taken prisoners, and the Major was
-conducted into the road, where he found a large part of Stonewall
-Jackson’s corps, under command of Major-General Anderson. Already
-they had formed their skirmish line and were crowding forward with
-all possible speed, certain of their prey. Outnumbered on every
-hand, and with batteries in front and rear, it would have been
-madness to have attempted to force our way through in the face of
-such odds. The gallant Brooke, with characteristic bravery, when
-he heard the firing, volunteered to charge down with his brigade
-to our relief, but General Hancock refused permission, for fear of
-bringing on a general engagement while the army was changing its
-position.
-
-
-
-
-CHAPTER VI.
-
-ON TO RICHMOND.
-
-
-Let us now return to the little band of prisoners in that woody
-ravine. As soon as the surrender had been consummated the men
-threw away their guns, many of them with the cartridges, into a
-rivulet near the intrenchments, and some cut up their equipments,
-determined to afford as little aid and comfort to the rebels as
-possible. Our newly-made acquaintances exhibited a most remarkable
-_penchant_ for cutlery and other conveniences Yankees are always
-supposed to have in their possession. One of the rebel skirmishers
-had hardly lowered his gun from an aim, when he walked up to one
-of our men and said: “Have you got a knife to sell?” “No;” and
-somewhat abashed, he went off to try his luck in a more promising
-field. We were now ordered to fall in, and a part were marched up
-the road to General Lee’s headquarters, where the rebels took away
-our knapsacks, rubber blankets, shelter-tents, and canteens, and
-registered our names. Quite a crowd of butternuts assembled to view
-the “Yanks” and prosecute their schemes of trade.
-
-While we were near headquarters, a General of high rank rode up,
-unattended by his staff, and was received among his soldiers with
-a style of cheering or yelling peculiar to themselves. The rebel
-chief seemed lost in deep thought, scarcely noticing the squad of
-prisoners or the cheers of his men. The signs of care were strongly
-marked upon his iron countenance. Clad in simple garb, with no
-prominent badge of distinction, calm and determined in demeanor,
-stood before us the commander of the Army of Northern Virginia,
-the military pillar of the rebellion. The General hurriedly
-retired into his quarters, and our attention was attracted by a
-motley array of rebel soldiery marching up the road. Could we have
-forgotten the stern realities of our situation, we might well
-have regarded the display as a military burlesque. On a closer
-inspection, we found the butternut phalanx to be composed of tall,
-lank specimens of “poor white trash,” with hats slouched in the
-most approved style, and knapsacks of every conceivable variety.
-The officers were, many of them, equipped with swords of a most
-ancient description, which had already filled a term of service in
-the olden time. Here is a man with a very good blanket, and we soon
-see the letters U.S. displayed under the folds, while on another
-back is strapped an old piece of carpet. A more dirty, seedy,
-ill-favored, border-ruffian, ignorant set of men we had never
-met before, and this is just the material for an efficient army,
-marshalled in defence of treason and slavery.
-
-The preparations were now completed, and under a strong guard we
-started off for Spottsylvania Court-House. The roads were full
-of Confederate wounded, moving to the rear. Our route crossed a
-section of the battle-field, but all was now quiet; only splintered
-trees and lines of breastworks told of the fierce conflicts of
-the last few days. At dusk we entered the now historic town of
-Spottsylvania, and passed the night within the inclosure of the
-Court-House. A portion of the regiment remained in the vicinity
-of the battle ground, and did not reach the village until the
-following afternoon. On the morning of May fourth we resumed our
-march for Guinea’s Station, a small hamlet on the Richmond and
-Fredericksburg railroad, important as a dépôt of supplies for Lee’s
-army. Here seemed to be the general rendezvous of prisoners, and
-fifteen hundred had already been assembled previous to our arrival.
-Near the station was the house where Stonewall Jackson lay wounded
-and afterward died, an event which clothed the whole Confederacy
-in mourning. Our stay at Guinea’s Station was prolonged until
-Thursday, May seventh--three days of misery, hardly paralleled
-in any of the experiences of the whole nine months’ campaign.
-Tuesday dawned upon us intensely hot. The broiling rays of the
-sun seemed to concentrate upon the large open lot occupied by
-the Union prisoners, unrelieved even by a solitary tree. Later
-in the day a terrific thunder shower burst upon us, passing at
-length into a settled storm, bitterly raw and cold, continuing
-all night and the next day at short intervals. The rain poured in
-torrents, flowing in streams across the lot. A ludicrous sight,
-indeed, were the nearly two thousand shelterless men, emphatically
-squatter sovereigns, scattered about over the field in speechless
-resignation, drenched through and through in the pelting storm.
-
-Thus far we had subsisted on the scanty remains of Uncle Sam’s
-rations. “What a fall was there!” when we descended from Joe
-Hooker’s generous hospitality to the frugal fare doled out to us by
-the rebel commissary. A brief residence at one of Jeff.’s hotels
-is an infallible remedy for all who are disposed to grumble at
-army food. The order is given, “Fall in for rations!” We had almost
-concluded that this order would never again greet our ears until we
-should once more stand under the flag of the Union. Immediately our
-thoughts recurred to camp near Falmouth, and in imagination floated
-visions of beef, pork, hard-tack, fresh bread--in fact, Uncle Sam’s
-army ration loomed up in bolder relief than ever before. In silent
-suspense we advance and receive--three pints of flour apiece. The
-inquiry arose, What shall we do with it? Our extremely limited
-culinary facilities soon settled that question. There was but
-one alternative, and the men immediately built little fires and
-were busily engaged in cooking up a bill of fare for the march to
-Richmond, said bill of fare consisting simply of flour and water
-mixed together and dried before the fire. A New-England farmer
-would regard it as a personal insult if one should offer such stuff
-to his hogs. Even a swill-carrier would indignantly protest.
-
-Many suggestive sights fed our curiosity. Processions of trains
-were constantly coming and going from the station, transporting
-supplies for Lee’s army. Shabby army wagons--regular Noah’s
-arks mounted on wheels--horses and mules reduced to mere skin
-and bone--every thing foreshadowed the ruin of the Confederacy.
-Thursday morning, May seventh, we began the march for Richmond,
-escorted by the Twelfth South Carolina. The roads were in an awful
-condition, in consequence of recent rains. On the route we passed
-through Bowling Green, a few miles east of the railroad, and by
-evening reached Milford Station. Just beyond the village we were
-obliged to wade the Mattapony river, and halted for the night in a
-forest near by. After a toilsome march, we bivouacked, on Friday
-evening, a short distance beyond Hanover Station. At this place
-each man received five medium-sized crackers and an ounce of bacon.
-Our guards were very incommunicative, but occasionally sung out,
-“Git in yer groups of fours dar!” or ventured an “I reckon,” or a
-“right smart.”
-
-May ninth seemed to concentrate and intensify all previous
-discomforts. The day was exceedingly hot, and our route lay
-through a succession of vile swamps, skirting the Pamunkey and
-Chickahominy rivers, and extending to within four or five miles
-of Richmond. Here the ground is somewhat higher, and pleasant
-villas nestle among the trees, now just assuming the verdure of
-spring. As we passed one of these residences, the proprietor--an
-old gentleman--and the women turned out _en masse_ to view the
-procession. No doubt we did present a rather sorry plight; at any
-rate, these high-bred F. F. V.’s laughed exultingly, and were loud
-and profuse in their remarks, complimentary to Yankees in general
-and us in particular. “Oh! well, you have got to Richmond now!”
-screeched out one of them with all the impotent ire she could
-muster. “Next time we are coming with guns,” was the reply. “Yes,
-yes,” chimed in the old man, “we saw a lot of you fellows last
-summer over there,” pointing with his cane in the direction of
-McClellan’s achievements in the Chickahominy swamps. Thus a running
-fire of words was kept up all along the line.
-
-We could now see in the distance the spires of the rebel capital.
-Just outside the city, lines of earthworks, with here and there a
-frowning cannon, commanded the road. Our flattering reception thus
-far in the villages along the route from Guinea’s Station led us to
-expect even greater demonstrations from the Richmond populace. As
-we entered the city, it seemed as if all Richmond had turned out
-to view the Yankee parade. The streets in the suburbs were full of
-people--men, women, and children, whites, negroes, mulattoes--all
-in one confused crowd, and swayed for the most part with clamorous
-exultation; while “her beauty and her chivalry,” arm in arm,
-gloated over the scene with a kind of fiendish delight. One old
-woman, raising her arms in blank astonishment, screamed out: “Why,
-all Hooker’s army is coming!” We thought to ourselves, she is about
-right; Hooker’s army will be here one of these days, and with guns
-too. “What have you come down here for?” demanded one, whose very
-countenance flashed vengeance. “Oh! we are only Hooker’s advance
-guard, come down to act as pall-bearers at Stonewall Jackson’s
-funeral,” some one quietly replied. In his rage he answered: “If
-you were not a prisoner, I’d shoot you down.” “You’ve got to
-Richmond in a way you didn’t expect.” “See these Yanks; there’s
-hardly an honest face among ’em all.” “What a hang-dog look!”
-These, and many other expressions, of all degrees of refinement,
-were launched at us. It really seemed as if the chivalry had
-studied for this very occasion some vocabulary of Billingsgate, and
-practiced it beforehand, so as to get it off in the most approved
-style of grimace and tone. Although Richmond was the Sodom and
-Gomorrah of treason, and the concentrated essence of rebel villainy
-and venom, we were not left entirely to this dark view of the
-picture. While we stood in the street, just before entering Jeff.’s
-hotel, a German woman, in the kindness and, I believe, loyalty
-of her heart, came hurriedly out from a neighboring house with a
-large loaf of cake, and divided it up among the eager men. She then
-went back, but soon returned, laden with a lot of bread, which
-she distributed in like manner. Several other instances of similar
-character occurred, like flashes of golden sunlight in a dark and
-lowering sky.
-
-Wearied by the day’s march and its exciting scenes, and exhausted
-through want of food, most of the men were now ushered into a
-tobacco factory belonging to Crew and Pemberton, and situated on
-Carey street, opposite the infamous Libby prison, of which it is a
-counterpart. More than a thousand men were stowed away in Crew and
-Pemberton’s factory, an average of nearly three hundred in each
-story. Two hundred and eighty-nine, including the larger part of
-the Twenty-seventh, occupied the upper loft, and when all reclined
-upon the floor almost every square foot was covered. Many were so
-thoroughly exhausted as to be unable to drag themselves up-stairs
-without assistance from their comrades. Also, Belle Island welcomed
-a small number to its sands and wild onions. Forty or fifty of the
-men were assigned to Libby prison, where were already quartered the
-commissioned officers of the Twenty-seventh. The latter had arrived
-in Richmond a day or two previous, after a journey in crowded cars
-from Guinea’s Station. The people residing in the vicinity of the
-route seemed in a perfect ferment of vindictive excitement, and
-gathered here and there in boisterous groups to gaze at the unusual
-pageant. The Virginia women were especially spiteful, in word and
-demeanor. Some of them, perched in conspicuous places, waved little
-Confederate flags, as if to attract the more attention, and shouted
-out, “That’s what’s the matter!” “Come on, you cursed rascals!”
-“Have you got Old Abe with you?” “Ain’t you a sweet-looking party?”
-The usual miscellaneous assemblage greeted them as they alighted
-in Broad street, and seemed very eager to remind them of their
-advent in the rebel capital. “Well, you’ve got here, have you?”
-“How do you like the place?” “You’re a sweet-looking crowd of
-thieves, aren’t you?” Thus they were escorted to Libby, and handed
-over to the tender mercies of Captain Turner and his assistants,
-who searched the prisoners, and appropriated all contraband
-articles.
-
-The day following the arrival of the main body of the regiment
-was the Sabbath, just one week since we fell into rebel hands.
-During this week all the rations each man received from the rebel
-authorities amounted to three pints of flour, five medium-sized
-crackers, and an ounce or two of bacon. All day Sunday the men were
-clamorous for something to eat. The guards about the prison were
-under strict orders to prevent the people from selling any thing to
-the prisoners, but, notwithstanding this, some articles did pass
-the blockade. At evening, the rebels distributed to every four men
-what purported to be a four-pound loaf of bread, and a pound of
-pork. Less than three pounds of bread would be nearer the truth,
-making about ten or twelve ounces for each man, and this with three
-ounces of pork formed the daily ration for one person. As far as
-it went, it was very good. Every morning the prison director, with
-the rank of major, and his clerk, a renegade New-Yorker--precious
-scoundrels both of them--came into the prison to count us over, and
-see if we were all there.
-
-Thus affairs continued for several days--the same dull routine of
-prison life, varied by nothing except the contraband reading of
-Richmond papers, with accounts of Stonewall Jackson’s funeral,
-at which there was great joy in Libby. At length, on Wednesday
-morning, came the glad announcement that the United States
-transports were at City Point, awaiting our arrival. The rebel
-officers administered to us the following paroling oath: “We, the
-undersigned, do solemnly swear and pledge our sacred word, that we
-will not, during the existing hostilities between the United States
-and the Confederate States of America, aid or abet the enemies of
-said Confederate States, by arms or otherwise, until regularly and
-legally exchanged, or otherwise released. So help me God. And we
-do acknowledge our names appended to the same, as though signed
-by ourselves.” At half-past three in the afternoon, with gladness
-indescribable, we left those prison walls, to enter upon the march
-to City Point, a place about thirty-five miles from Richmond.
-Crossing the James river into Manchester, we took the turnpike road
-to Petersburg, under the escort chiefly of cavalry. The rebels
-hurried us forward for miles almost at double-quick, without any
-halt. As Major Turner rode by, the men called to him for a rest. He
-shouted out, “There is no rest for the wicked!” and passed on.
-
-It was the purpose of our escort to continue the march all night,
-but a thunder-storm of surpassing violence seriously interfered.
-A darkness, so intense that we could not see a foot before us,
-enveloped the road. Slowly, through mud, and rain, and darkness,
-we straggled along, until near midnight. It was impossible to go
-further. Scattered along the roadside for miles were hundreds too
-much exhausted to keep up with the column, and finally we all
-dragged ourselves into the marshy woods, and, lulled to sleep by
-the babbling brooks flowing around us in every direction, forgot
-awhile the fatigue of the march. At an early hour the next day
-the weary column again moves on, each man sustaining his waning
-strength by frequent halts. Petersburg is passed, and ten miles
-more of mud. At length the waters of the James river glimmer in
-the distance; the old flag, floating proudly at the masthead of
-the Union transports, beckons onward. The men attempt to cheer,
-but it dies on their lips; nature is too much exhausted to utter
-the feelings which swell all hearts. With renewed energy we press
-forward, and soon enter the deserted village of City Point, whose
-shattered roofs tell of a former bombardment. That march from
-Richmond to City Point stands almost unexampled in the whole
-experience of the Twenty-seventh. Many were ready to drop on the
-ground from utter inability to go further. Behind them frowned the
-grim, historic walls of Libby; dreary months of incarceration moved
-by in slow procession, crowded full with the records of cruelty,
-and starvation, and disease; while forward to freedom and humanity,
-forward to generous care and protection, written on every fold of
-the old flag, fired them with new determination to toil on. Once
-more they stand on a Union deck, resolved to strike a heavier blow
-for their country when again they advance to meet her barbarous
-foes. As soon as the men were aboard the transports, a supply of
-food was distributed to meet their pressing wants. The steamers
-quietly dropped down the beautiful James river, bordered with high
-banks, rich in the fresh verdure of spring, with here and there a
-handsome villa peering above the trees. We anchored for the night
-at Harrison’s Landing, an important point in the history of the
-Peninsular campaign. The next forenoon our transports steamed into
-Hampton Roads. Hampton, once the summer resort of the Virginia
-chivalry, Newport News, the distant spires of Norfolk, the topmast
-of the Cumberland still pointing skyward, the little monitors, and
-the Rip-Raps, and that grand old sentinel, Fortress Monroe, all
-crowd on the view as we round to at Old Point Comfort. A brief
-stop, and we are off again for Annapolis, where we arrive on the
-morning of May sixteenth, and are quartered in barracks in the rear
-of the town. After three days of rest, we start for Alexandria, by
-way of Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac, and on May twenty-first are
-introduced within the narrow precincts of Convalescent Camp.
-
-The majority of the officers were detained in Richmond several days
-after the departure of the privates. Meanwhile, the rebels had been
-threatening retaliation for General Burnside’s execution of two
-spies, in Kentucky; and the officials in charge of Libby took great
-delight in telling our officers that they were to have tickets
-in the lottery, which would determine the victims of the _lex
-talionis_. A few days later, they were relieved of their suspense
-by the announcement that the lot had fallen upon two officers
-from Tennessee. This affair having been arranged satisfactorily
-to the rebel authorities, the officers of the Twenty-seventh
-received their parole early Saturday morning, May twenty-third,
-and started in freight cars for City Point, and from that place
-were transported, _via_ Fortress Monroe, to Annapolis, where they
-arrived on the morning of the twenty-fifth.
-
-Leaving the paroled prisoners of the Twenty-seventh to endure as
-best they can the idleness and discontent of Convalescent Camp, let
-us return in thought to the wilds of Chancellorsville, and from
-those scenes of the third of May follow the little band which still
-remains at the front, to bear our flag to victory on the heights
-of Gettysburg. Eight companies were captured on that memorable May
-morning; but D and F, having been detached for duty elsewhere,
-escaped this unexpected misfortune, and fell back with the main
-army, when General Hooker retired to his new line of battle.
-Meanwhile, the duties of these remnants of the regiment were
-somewhat disconnected. During Saturday night following the disaster
-of the Eleventh Corps, Company A had been out on picket duty, and
-were relieved by Company D, at an early hour the next morning, in
-time to accompany the main body of the regiment to the place where
-they were captured. Company F had been previously detached to
-fill up a gap in the line between the Fifty-third and One Hundred
-and Forty-fifth Pennsylvania, and were soon after ordered up to
-the Chancellor House to support the famous Pettit’s battery. Here
-they remained until Sunday afternoon, under a severe fire. Twice
-the rebels charged up in solid masses, but were repulsed before
-Pettit’s rapid and irresistible volleys. In the evening of that
-day Company F went out on picket, and continued in this duty until
-the following Monday night. It was on this part of the line that
-Stonewall Jackson received his mortal wound.
-
-It will be remembered that when the regiment went down to the
-picket-line that Sabbath morning, the colors remained behind
-by order of General Brooke. Although the rifle-pits were now
-entirely deserted, the color-guard, having no orders to leave,
-maintained their position until ten A.M., much of the time under
-a severe shelling. At that hour they were ordered to the rear,
-and soon after joined Company D, which was the last to leave the
-old picket-line of the army, as stated by the staff officer who
-brought to them the orders to fall back. The various remnants of
-the Twenty-seventh were not reünited until a late hour on Monday.
-
-The conflict of Sabbath morning, May third, terminated at eleven
-o’clock, and, with the exception of a feeble demonstration by
-Jackson’s forces in the afternoon, the remainder of the day
-passed in comparative quiet. Meanwhile, Hooker had contracted his
-lines, and the army was now massed within a nearly equilateral
-triangle, its base resting upon the Rappahannock. The Eleventh
-and Twelfth Corps occupied the side facing Fredericksburg. On the
-side looking toward the Rapidan were the First, Third, and Fifth,
-while our Second corps was formed in four compact lines at the
-angle, which was open ground about a two-story white house, on the
-Ely’s Ford road, near the junction with that leading to United
-States Ford. This was a strong position, favorable for artillery,
-and justly regarded as the most important in the whole line. The
-Twenty-seventh held a position to the left of the white house,
-where General Hooker now had his headquarters. Such continued to be
-the situation of the army during the succeeding two days. The enemy
-seemed disinclined to venture a general attack, but occasionally
-shelled our intrenchments, as if to reassure themselves that
-Hooker was still there. Affairs could not remain long in this
-doubtful state. The golden opportunity to crush the rebels, when
-the thunder of Sedgwick’s cannon, advancing from Fredericksburg,
-filled the breezes with the murmuring notes of success, had passed,
-and now every hour of delay added to the swelling torrent of the
-Rappahannock, threatening to sweep away the feeble threads which
-connected the army with its supplies.
-
-Monday evening, May fourth, General Hooker held a council of war,
-which decided that it was best to withdraw the army the following
-night. Accordingly, eight o’clock, Tuesday evening, was the hour
-fixed upon; but the troops did not begin to move until after
-midnight, in consequence of a heavy storm, which carried away some
-of the bridges. The Twenty-seventh remained under arms all night,
-in the rain, with orders to be ready to start at any moment. At
-length, at four in the morning of May sixth, the regiment fell back
-with the rest of the brigade, re-crossed at United States Ford,
-and, after a march of twelve hours, arrived at the old camp, near
-Falmouth. The Sixty-fourth New-York were found quietly ensconced in
-the few huts which the scavengers of Falmouth had left standing,
-and demurred somewhat at leaving their grateful shelter, but
-finally recognized the prior claim of the Twenty-seventh. After a
-few days, the regiment changed its camp to a more healthy location
-two miles further back from the river. The losses of Hooker’s
-campaign had reduced our numbers from nearly four hundred men to
-one hundred and sixty, embracing D and F, and small squads of other
-companies, the whole under command of the senior officer, Captain
-Joseph R. Bradley, of Company F. Dress parades took place as usual,
-and duty at the old picket-line on the Rappahannock was resumed,
-bearing very heavily upon our diminished ranks. Occasionally
-the rebel pickets shouted across the river to know where the
-Twenty-seventh Connecticut had gone, and in the same breath gave
-the answer, “To picket around Richmond.” On the thirteenth of May,
-several of our wounded men came over from Fredericksburg, having
-been nine days in the rebel hospitals.
-
-After the battle of Chancellorsville, General D. N. Couch,
-the corps commander, was relieved at his own request, and our
-division general, W. S. Hancock, justly characterized as the
-very impersonation of war, succeeded to the command. As soon as
-possible, after the return of our commissioned officers from
-Richmond, a part were exchanged, and at the earliest moment Colonel
-Bostwick returned to the front, followed by Lieutenant-Colonel
-Merwin, Major Coburn, and Lieutenants Frank Chapman, Burdict, Rice,
-Muhlner, and Cross, who rejoined the regiment on the eleventh
-of June. Colonel Bostwick, being prevented from remaining with
-his men, in consequence of a severe and protracted sickness,
-the Lieutenant-Colonel took command of the battalion, which now
-consisted of three companies, an additional one having been formed
-from the remnants of the captured companies, and placed under
-command of Captain Jedediah Chapman.
-
-
-
-
-CHAPTER VII.
-
-GETTYSBURG.
-
-
-The result of the battle of Chancellorsville determined General Lee
-to carry out his cherished plan of invading the North. Hooker’s
-position in front of Fredericksburg being unfavorable for attack,
-the rebel chief early in June began a series of movements with
-the view of drawing him away from the river. Leaving Hill’s
-corps in the works at Fredericksburg, to keep up appearances, he
-concentrated Ewell’s, Longstreet’s, and Hood’s forces at Culpepper
-Court-House, near the upper waters of the Rappahannock, and about
-the middle of June pushed forward rapidly into the Shenandoah
-Valley, and either captured or defeated the feeble Union force
-opposing his march. Meanwhile, Hooker’s watchful eye was upon him,
-and the Sixth Corps crossed the river just below Fredericksburg
-to determine the strength and intentions of the rebels. A few
-days later, several army corps broke camp, and started off in
-the direction of Warrenton, for the purpose of watching the
-movements of the enemy, and covering the approaches to Washington;
-while on the ninth the cavalry inflicted a severe blow upon Jeb.
-Stuart’s troopers, who were gathering in strong force at Kelly’s
-Ford, twenty-five miles above Falmouth, intending to sweep with
-destruction the fertile fields of Pennsylvania.
-
-The Second Corps was the last to leave the line of the
-Rappahannock. On the eighth of June, the Twenty-seventh Connecticut
-received orders to be ready to march at any time, with three days’
-rations, and continued in this waiting posture until the fourteenth
-instant, when the final orders came, and at three P.M. the
-regiment, with the rest of the brigade acting as rear-guard to the
-corps, moved up the river to Banks’s Ford, relieved our pickets,
-reconnoitered the enemy, and retired toward Stafford Court-House.
-This little hamlet was left behind in flames. For several days
-the corps followed the roads near the Potomac, passing through
-Dumfries, Occoquan, and Fairfax Station, halting here two days, and
-arriving at Centreville on the nineteenth. The route now turned
-still farther to the left, crossing the old Bull Run battle-field,
-which had witnessed the decision of two campaigns. Time had not
-effaced the evidences of those disastrous days. Silently the troops
-moved over the field, and the thoughts of many a one among the
-older regiments, and of some in our own, hurried back to those
-scenes with impressive distinctness, as the bleached bones of the
-fallen, or the rubbish of battle, lay scattered along the roadside.
-After a severe march of twenty miles in the rain, the regiment
-arrived, at ten in the evening of June twentieth, at Thoroughfare
-Gap, a wild gorge in the Blue Ridge. The intensely exhausting march
-from Falmouth made the four days of comparative rest at the Gap
-exceedingly welcome. Here the troops were occupied in picketing the
-pass, in order to prevent the enemy from crossing the mountains.
-Meanwhile, to the north, Stuart and Pleasanton were once more on
-the charge at Aldie, Upperville, and Middleburg, and their muffled
-cannonade echoed among these hills and pleasant valleys, surely
-not unused to the sound, repeating itself again and again, as if
-from as many different directions.
-
-June twenty-fifth, the regiment fell in at an early hour, ready to
-fight or march, as circumstances might require, for the rebels were
-approaching with malicious intent to capture the corps’ beef cattle
-and supply train, and sharp picket firing indicated the possible
-necessity of adopting the former alternative. But after remaining
-in line of battle, with no serious demonstration on the part of the
-enemy, the corps advanced through Haymarket, toward the Potomac.
-The rebel cavalry followed vigorously, and attempted to come in on
-our flanks, but skirmishers were thrown out, and the troops marched
-in hollow squares, prepared to repel any attack. At Haymarket, the
-batteries turned on the enemy, and drove them back. The column
-pushed forward to Gum Springs, and without pitching tents rested
-that night on their arms, drawn up in a hollow square, ready at a
-moment’s warning to meet any assault of rebel cavalry. At midnight
-of June twenty-sixth, the regiment crossed the Potomac at Edward’s
-Ferry. The next three days passed in continuous marching up the
-valley of the Monocacy river, through many quiet Maryland villages,
-among them Poolesville, Frederick City, Liberty, Johnsville,
-and Uniontown. Each day’s march was very protracted--that from
-Frederick City to Uniontown embracing a distance of thirty-six
-miles, and the manner in which it was performed elicited high
-compliments from Colonel Brooke, commanding the brigade.
-
-Thus far the army had been manœuvred so as to cover Washington
-and Baltimore, and now, as the rebel plans became more apparent,
-General Meade, who had recently superseded General Hooker,
-directed a concentration of his forces in the vicinity of
-Gettysburg. The First Corps held the advance, followed by the
-Eleventh, and on Wednesday morning, July first, drove the enemy’s
-skirmishers through the town. General Reynolds, in command of the
-corps, without hesitation moved forward to the attack, and met
-death while bravely posting his troops on the heights beyond. The
-rebels fell back slowly, in order to give time for Ewell’s men to
-come to their aid, and this being accomplished, they were more than
-a match for the combined First and Eleventh, with whose now united
-columns rested the decision of the day. At three in the afternoon,
-the enemy, thus reënforced, took the offensive, and compelled
-General Howard, now in command, to withdraw his troops to the south
-of the town, and the close of the day left him securely intrenched
-on Cemetery Hill.
-
-While these scenes were taking place around Gettysburg, the
-Twenty-seventh Connecticut, with its corps, leisurely moved up
-to Taneytown, just below the Pennsylvania State line. Here the
-troops rested a few hours, unconscious that the first of a trio of
-glorious battle days was already in progress. But soon the ominous
-notes of Howard’s and Ewell’s cannon strike on the ear, and add new
-emphasis to the call from the front for reënforcements. Preceded
-by General Hancock, the corps advanced rapidly to within three
-miles of Gettysburg, and were occupied until midnight in throwing
-up intrenchments. At early dawn, July second, the brigades moved
-forward to take the places assigned them in the line of battle.
-Already the fitful fire of opposing pickets and skirmishers can be
-heard in the distance, with the occasional boom of heavy ordnance.
-The shock of battle, which is to determine the fate of the rebel
-invasion, will at the farthest be postponed but a few hours. Just
-before coming into position, and while the troops were resting
-under arms, the commander of our brigade assembled the officers,
-and briefly reminded them of the desperate character of the
-emergency, and urged the importance and necessity of devoting every
-energy to insure the successful issue of the conflict.
-
-In order to understand the various positions of the Twenty-seventh
-during the action, let us briefly sketch the line of battle, as
-adopted by General Hancock, and along which the several corps were
-arranged, as they arrived on the field. Three important roads,
-the Emmettsburg, Taneytown, and Baltimore turnpike, converge in
-Gettysburg from the south. At their junction, just below the town,
-is the natural key of the position, the now historic Cemetery Hill.
-This elevation forms the northern end of a ridge prolonged about
-four miles, almost exactly due south, near to and parallel with the
-Taneytown road, gradually diminishing in altitude until it almost
-loses itself in the surrounding level, then rises again into the
-forest-crowned Little Round Top, or Weed’s Hill, and terminates in
-the yet higher ascent of Rocky Round Top itself. Beginning on the
-left at Round Top, the Union line extends northward in nearly a
-straight course along Cemetery Ridge, and at Cemetery Hill bends
-back to the east in the general form of a half circle, with a
-radius of three fourths of a mile--Culp’s Hill, and several minor
-eminences, lying in the circumference; and the extreme right,
-crossing Rock Creek, which flows at the base of these heights,
-rests upon the woody summit of Wolf’s Hill. The rebel forces
-occupied a series of heights corresponding to these, with an
-intervening belt of comparatively level and open country from one
-to two miles in width.
-
-The forenoon of Thursday, July second, passed with no demonstration
-on either side. The hostile forces are rapidly marshalling on the
-opposite ridges. In the Union line the Twelfth Corps holds the
-eminences near Rock Creek, on the right; next is the First, on
-Culp’s Hill; then the Eleventh, at the centre, on Cemetery Hill,
-while along Cemetery Ridge are successively drawn up the Second,
-Third, and Fifth, with the Sixth in reserve near the Taneytown
-road. The Twenty-seventh Connecticut was stationed about a mile and
-a half south of Cemetery Hill, in the line occupied by our Second
-Corps on the left centre. Here the regiment remained nearly all
-day in quiet preparation for the conflict, which threatened at any
-moment to mar that peaceful landscape of thrifty farm-houses and
-waving grain.
-
-Early in the afternoon, the Third Corps, on the left of the Second,
-advanced down the western slope of Cemetery Ridge, through woods
-and an extensive wheat-field, almost to the Emmettsburg road,
-which winds through the narrow valley, separating the hostile
-forces. Just beyond, Longstreet is forming his brigades, and at
-four o’clock, preceded by a brief cannonade, their gray ranks sweep
-out from woods and ravines, and once more is heard that strange,
-wild yell, as they throw themselves forward upon the thin line of
-the Third Corps. But before the storm of grape and canister from
-Cemetery Ridge they quickly fall back to organize anew their broken
-columns. Meanwhile reënforcements from the Fifth and Second Corps
-moved rapidly to the scene of action. Once more in still heavier
-masses the enemy advanced to the charge. The Twenty-seventh, with
-the rest of the First Division, was hurried forward through fields
-and by-roads, to support the faltering line. As the regiment
-enters the wheat-field, already referred to, the broken remains
-of the Third Corps are slowly retiring to the rear. A few steps
-more bring the men under the full sweep of the enemy’s fire.
-Lieutenant-Colonel Merwin falls while leading the command with his
-accustomed bravery. Under Major Coburn, the line still presses
-forward at double-quick, through the wheat-field and woods beyond,
-driving the rebels a quarter of a mile, across a ravine, which
-on the further side rises into a precipitous ledge. The men with
-much difficulty clambered up the rocky steep, but as they appeared
-upon the crest of the hill, the enemy, drawn up in readiness just
-beyond, within pistol-range, opened upon them a withering fire. The
-contest at this point continued for some time. Planting the colors
-upon the top, the men loaded their pieces under shelter of the brow
-of the hill, then, rising up, delivered their fire. Meanwhile the
-troops to our right gave way, and, taking advantage of the exposed
-position of the right flank of our brigade, the enemy advanced a
-body of troops in that direction, and General Brooke at length
-ordered our shattered line to fall back, which was accomplished
-under a heavy cross-fire.
-
-Thus with varying success the battle raged from four P.M. until
-dark. Now the feeble line of the Third Corps trembles before the
-fierce onset of the foe, and retires, contesting the ground inch by
-inch; but the irresistible onslaught of reënforcements soon turns
-the tide. Again the rebels push back the Union troops almost to
-the original lines on Cemetery Ridge, and again are themselves
-repulsed before the concentrated fire of our artillery, aiding the
-charge of a brigade of infantry.
-
-The conflict on the left wing terminated at dark, leaving the enemy
-in possession of the wheat-field. No attack had yet been made
-upon other parts of the line, but, as the day closed, a division,
-deploying from the edge of the town, made a brief and desperate,
-but fruitless, assault upon the batteries posted on Cemetery
-Hill. And still further to the right, the enemy, observing that
-the larger part of the forces on Culp’s Hill had been drawn off
-to meet pressing emergencies elsewhere, crossed Rock Creek, and,
-charging up the woody slope, secured a lodgement for the night in
-the unoccupied portion of the works. Such was the general result of
-the day’s fighting.
-
-The Twenty-seventh went into action with seventy-five men, all
-that could be mustered for duty after an active service of not
-quite nine months. At the camps of paroled prisoners, the Richmond
-voyagers of our regiment, though not permitted to rejoin the
-command, yet in thought followed their comrades through all the
-vicissitudes of march and battle which attended them. At five P.M.
-that little band of seventy-five men formed for the charge at
-the edge of the wheat-field. At dark thirty-eight were numbered
-among the casualties: eleven killed--among them Lieutenant-Colonel
-Merwin, and Captain Jedediah Chapman--twenty-three wounded, and
-four missing. One of the latter, when Lee’s army retreated, was
-marched by his captors from Gettysburg to Staunton, Virginia, one
-hundred and eighty miles, and thence transported by railroad to
-Richmond. After a six weeks’ experience on Belle Island, he was
-paroled, and returned home so emaciated and worn down by hardship
-as to be almost beyond recognition even by members of his own
-company.
-
-At the close of the action in front of the left wing, the
-Twenty-seventh was assigned a new position in the line of battle,
-about midway on the ridge between Cemetery Hill and Round Top. The
-regiment remained in this vicinity until the Second Corps started
-in pursuit of Lee’s army, three days later. Early the next morning,
-July third, the men were roused from sleep by a furious cannonade
-from batteries posted on Power’s Hill, about half a mile to the
-rear. These dogs of war were paying their morning compliments to
-the rebels, who still occupied the works on the extreme right,
-which they had captured the previous evening. For an hour this
-thunder-toned reveille awoke the resting armies to the still
-fiercer drama of the last battle day. The infantry followed up this
-fiery prelude with a vigorous attack upon the rebel vantage-ground,
-the importance of which seemed fully appreciated by both sides. The
-struggle continued with unabated resolution until nine o’clock,
-when the Union forces succeeded in dispossessing the enemy of this
-to them valuable _point d’appui_ for future operations.
-
-With the exception of a severe artillery fire, to which General
-Meade’s headquarters were subjected, the enemy attempted nothing
-further during the remainder of the forenoon. The Twenty-seventh
-was busily engaged in throwing up intrenchments, gathering for
-this purpose rails and stones from neighboring fences, and, in
-the absence of picks and shovels, using their bayonets and tin
-plates to heap up the earth. In his morning rounds, General Hancock
-visited the brigade, and as he stood near by, conversing with Major
-Coburn, our acting Brigadier, Colonel Brooke, called the General’s
-attention to the little remnant of the Twenty-seventh, alluding,
-in strong terms of commendation, to the conduct of the regiment in
-the action of the preceding afternoon. Turning to the men, General
-Hancock said: “Stand well to your duty now, and in a few days you
-will carry with you to your homes all the honors of this, the
-greatest battle ever fought upon the continent.”
-
-From eleven o’clock until one, only stifled mutterings of the
-impatient storm disturbed the quiet which reigned along the lines.
-The rebels were silently maturing their plans for the last grand
-charge, upon which they staked the fate of the invasion. Those were
-hours of indescribable suspense to the defenders of the Union,
-whether or no the sun would set upon a foe elated with victory and
-pressing onward to new conquests, or sullenly retiring in defeat.
-At one o’clock the combat began. From every commanding eminence
-in their concave line, the rebel artillery, numbering more than a
-hundred guns, opened a terrific cannonade, probably unsurpassed
-in violence during the whole war. For more than an hour this wild
-storm of shot and shell rolls over the Union line, from Round
-Top to Rock Creek. The infantry are partially sheltered behind
-intrenchments, while the cannoneers stand at their posts, replying
-occasionally to the bombardment, but reserving their fire for more
-decisive work, when the rebel forces advance to the assault. At
-length the cannonade slackens, to give way to the next act in the
-drama, the crisis of the tragedy. In full view two heavy lines of
-troops, the flower of the rebel army, with skirmishers in front,
-deploy from the woods and ridges beyond the Emmettsburg road.
-With the steadiness of hardened veterans they move forward to the
-attack. From Cemetery Ridge thousands of Union troops are watching
-their progress, for the assault is directed upon the left centre.
-On arriving at the road, the enemy opened a heavy musketry fire,
-and dashed rapidly forward across the level plain. The very moment
-they emerged from behind Seminary Heights, the Union artillery met
-them with shot and shell and solid shot, but now, as they approach
-within easy range, their ranks are mercilessly raked with a tempest
-of canister. Cemetery Hill is wreathed with flame from the guns
-of thickly-massed infantry, and the fringe of fire courses along
-the crest of the ridge for two miles, as far as the rebel attack
-extends. Though temporarily checked, one division still marches on
-with desperate energy up to the very works. Only a weak line bars
-their progress, but reinforcements quickly arrive at the critical
-point, around which the contending hosts now struggle, in one of
-the most hotly-contested encounters of the battle. For a time the
-rebels bravely maintain their position, but clouds of missiles
-from Cemetery Hill tear into their ranks, while infantry crowd
-them vigorously in front and flank. At length, leaving the ground
-thickly strewn with killed and wounded, and multitudes as prisoners
-in the hands of the conquerors, the broken remnants roll back in
-wild confusion, and disappear behind the hills from which they had
-sallied forth.
-
-This last charge of the rebels took place just to the right of the
-position held by the Twenty-seventh, which we have already referred
-to as being half-way between Round Top and Cemetery Hill. From the
-relation of the ground to the surrounding high land, the location
-of our brigade was regarded as one of the weakest in the line, and
-General Hancock expressed the opinion that here the enemy would
-make his attack. Fortunately it proved otherwise, although for a
-time such a movement seemed imminent. Near the close of the action,
-a division, massed in column, advanced directly upon our front,
-but the reserve artillery quickly drove them back before they came
-within musketry range. The favorable termination of what was felt
-to be the last assault the rebels would make, produced a profound
-feeling of satisfaction. But one of the saddest of duties remained
-to be performed--to bury the dead and gather the wounded into the
-hospitals. This work occupied the men during July fourth. On that
-day, Lee’s army withdrew from this scene of inglorious defeat, and
-retired in a southwesterly direction.
-
-In the afternoon of July fifth, the war-worn Twenty-seventh, with
-the Second Corps, left those battle-scarred heights, the theatre
-of a costly but substantial triumph, which marks the turning-point
-in the fortunes of the rebellion. For the next few days the march
-was directed toward the Potomac, following at first the Taneytown
-road. But slow progress was made, in consequence of frequent rains
-and the thoroughly exhausted condition of the troops. The state of
-popular feeling along the route was in striking contrast with the
-dejected aspect of every countenance when the army was on its way
-to Gettysburg. Now, Frederick City put on its most smiling face.
-Flags were flung to the breeze, and the people gave an enthusiastic
-welcome to the regiments as they passed through in pursuit of
-Lee’s army. The route now crossed the Blue Ridge, by way of
-Crampton’s Gap. Here the severe rains had gathered a considerable
-torrent, several feet deep, which formed the pathway of the troops
-for nearly two miles. The Twenty-seventh was once more in the
-vicinity of the enemy, who had retreated down the western slope of
-the mountains, and were now in position at Williamsport, on the
-Potomac, preparing to cross into Virginia. The sound of cannon in
-that direction informed us that they were but a short distance to
-the front; and while on the field of Antietam, the brigade formed
-in line of battle, as a precautionary measure. The next day the
-rebel cavalry attacked the skirmish line, but quickly fell back
-before a severe shelling. In anticipation of further fighting, the
-men spent two nights and one day in building an elaborate line
-of intrenchments; but it proved to be labor lost, as the rebels
-retired, on the night of the fourteenth, to the south bank of the
-river. Immediately on ascertaining this fact, the Twenty-seventh,
-with the brigade, was ordered down to Falling Waters, a short
-distance below Williamsport, and arrived there just in time to
-witness the capture of the enemy’s rear-guard, more than a thousand
-strong.
-
-The invasion was now at an end; and as the last rebel left the soil
-of Maryland, the campaign of the Twenty-seventh drew near to its
-close. Leaving Falling Waters, the regiment accompanied the Second
-Corps down the Potomac to Harper’s Ferry, and went into camp at
-Pleasant Valley, about two miles distant. On the morning of July
-eighteenth the Twenty-seventh ceased its connection with the Army
-of the Potomac. In announcing this event, Colonel Brooke, our
-brigade commander, issued the following general order:
-
-  “HEADQUARTERS FOURTH BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION,     }
-           SECOND CORPS, CAMP IN PLEASANT VALLEY,   }
-               MARYLAND, July 17, 1863.             }
-
-  “GENERAL ORDER--NO. 9.
-
-  “The term of service of the Twenty-seventh Connecticut Volunteers
-  having nearly expired, it has been relieved from further duty,
-  and ordered to report to its place of enrolment.
-
-  “The Colonel commanding the brigade desires, in parting with the
-  officers and men of the Twenty-seventh Connecticut, to convey to
-  them his sincere feelings of regret at losing their services,
-  while at the same time he thanks them for the obedience and
-  faithfulness which have been a marked feature of the regiment.
-
-  “Knowing it intimately for so many months of active and arduous
-  service--having been an eye-witness of its many deeds of
-  gallantry, and of the noble devotion displayed by it on many a
-  memorable day, during the time in which he has had the honor to
-  command its services--he feels it a duty he owes, not only to the
-  living heroes, but to the memory of those who have fallen in the
-  field in battling in our righteous cause, to bear testimony to
-  the valor and gallantry it has always displayed.
-
-  “Side by side with the veterans of the Army of the Potomac it has
-  fought, and by the gallantry of its conduct won for itself an
-  enviable name and reputation, and which may well, in after years,
-  cause all who belong to it to feel a pardonable pride in having
-  it to say that they served with the Twenty-seventh Connecticut.
-
-  “By order.       COLONEL BROOKE.
-  “CHARLES P. HATCH, Lieutenant,
-  “Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.”
-
-With glad hearts the men formed in line at an early hour and took
-the cars for Baltimore, after a parting salute to the brigade,
-as it marched by on its way into Virginia. On the twentieth, the
-detachments of paroled men from Annapolis and Camp Convalescent
-arrived at Baltimore, and the whole regiment, now mustering about
-half the original number, started by railroad for New-Haven. Once
-more we were entertained at the “Volunteer Refreshment Saloon,”
-in Philadelphia, and, after a night’s bivouack at the Battery, in
-New-York, arrived at the “place of enrolment” on the twenty-second
-of July, 1863, exactly nine months from the date of departure for
-the field. We shall not attempt to describe the hearty enthusiasm
-and deep feeling of the reception which followed. That “glorious
-welcome home” will long be remembered by the soldiers of the
-Twenty-seventh. Escorted by the military companies of the city
-and the municipal authorities, the regiment marched from the cars
-to the north portico of the State House, while “Welcome!” pealed
-from the ringing bells, thundered in the roar of cannon, waved
-from every flag-staff, and shone on every countenance of the vast
-multitude, gathered from all parts of the county, and thronging the
-streets and public square. At the State House, after the regiment
-had been drawn up “in column by division,” the Mayor presented the
-formal welcome of the city, and was succeeded by Rev. Dr. Bacon
-in a brief address, closing with a prayer of thanksgiving. The
-following poem, written by Mrs. William Doty, of New-Haven, and
-accompanying a gift of laurel wreaths to the field-officers, was
-then read:
-
-
-A TRIBUTE OF WELCOME
-
-TO THE TWENTY-SEVENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
-
-      We’ll fling to the breeze our banner bright,
-      America’s emblem of freedom and right,
-      And rallying round the standard true,
-      Shout a joyous welcome, brave patriots, to you.
-
-      Ye went forth from us, a loyal band,
-      Firm on the side of right to stand;
-      Ye return with hearts still brave and true;
-      Then our warmest greeting we give to you.
-
-      Ye return, but our tears will fall as ye come,
-      For the mournful notes of the muffled drum
-      Are borne on the breeze over mountain and wave,
-      As it beats the dirge by your comrades’ grave.
-
-      With the order, “Forward!” ye marched proudly on,
-      And your colors bright to the front were borne;
-      When the smoke of the battle had cleared away,
-      Side by side with the “veterans” your brave boys lay.
-
-      Through the summer’s heat and winter’s cold
-      At your post ye stood, fearless and bold;
-      And when on the field, ’mid the conflict dire,
-      Ye _did not_ “quail at the enemy’s fire.”
-
-      Oh! the road to Richmond hath altars bright,
-      Where, a “captive band,” ye camped at night,
-      And “Libby’s” grim walls a record bears,
-      Of the patriot’s song and the hero’s prayers.
-
-      Now the toil is over, the march is done;
-      And the wreath of laurel, ye’ve bravely won,
-      We offer to you, and our welcome it breathes,
-      For our prayers were twined with its glossy leaves.
-
-      But ye’re not _all_ here, and we’ll look in vain
-      For the smiles that will greet us never again;
-      And the quivering lip and tearful eye
-      Mutely ask you where our treasures lie.
-
-      Some sleep where Virginia’s waters flow,
-      Murmuring their requiem soft and low;
-      Others with fairest flowers were drest,
-      And close by the old homes laid to rest.
-
-      When the angel of peace, with brooding wing,
-      Shall fly o’er our land and its anthem sing,
-      With trembling fingers the strings she’ll sweep,
-      As she nears the spot where our loved ones sleep.
-
-      Then a costly crown will our country wear,
-      And bright the gems that shall sparkle there.
-      She shall sit a queen, peerless and free,
-      And the graves of her heroes her glory be!
-
-      Still firmly stand, in God your trust,
-      Till the rebel horde shall bite the dust,
-      And the North and South encircled be
-      With the bands of truth and liberty.
-
-      Fight on, till our starry flag of blue,
-      Each glistening fold to its purpose true,
-      Shall wave from wild Atlantic’s roar
-      To the golden strands of Pacific’s shore.
-
-At the conclusion of these exercises a bountiful collation was
-served up, after which the men separated, to await the completion
-of the papers necessary to the final muster out of service, which
-took place July twenty-seventh, 1863.
-
-Thus terminated the eventful campaign of the Twenty-seventh
-Connecticut Volunteers. During this brief term of nine months, the
-regiment performed marches in Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania,
-amounting to no less than five hundred miles, and participated
-in three of the great battles of the war--Fredericksburg,
-Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg--losing in killed and wounded in
-the first, about one third, and in the last, one half, of those
-present in action. Very many of our number, on their return,
-reënlisted in other organizations, and illustrated on new fields
-the same valor which bore them and their comrades up the fiery
-slope of Fredericksburg, nerved all hearts calmly to meet disaster
-in the wilderness of Chancellorsville, and crowned with victory the
-heights of Gettysburg.
-
-
-
-
-_IN MEMORIAM._
-
-
-The necrology of the Twenty-seventh, during the whole term of
-service, includes seventy-five officers and men, and embraces much
-that was noblest in the regiment. Of this number thirty-three fell
-amid the strife and turmoil of battle; eighteen, after a more or
-less lingering period of patient agony, finally succumbed to their
-wounds; and twenty-four others slowly yielded to the inroads of
-disease, and died among the more quiet scenes of the hospital. Were
-it possible, we would gladly dwell upon each individual name, and
-gather up those qualities by which each is remembered among his
-comrades. But after all that might be said, the simple record of
-the central fact in their history, that these men fell in defence
-of the most righteous cause ever submitted to the decision of the
-sword, is far more impressive than any commemorative words. And yet
-there are some whose marked character and prominent connection with
-the regiment as a whole, or with single companies, seem to demand
-more than a passing notice. Chief among these, the mind and heart
-of each member of the regiment will at once recur to the name of
-
-
-LIEUT.-COL. HENRY C. MERWIN,
-
-who fell in the battle of Gettysburg, July second, 1863. If this
-noble spirit must leave its mortal tenement amid the wild tumult
-of war, how appropriate that it should be when the black cloud of
-disaster, which had so long hovered over the cause of our country,
-was just rolling away, and already revealed its silver lining of
-victory!
-
-Colonel Merwin was a native of Brookfield, Connecticut, where he
-was born September seventeenth, 1839. He spent the greater part
-of his life in New-Haven, and at the beginning of the war was
-in business with his father and brother. He early manifested a
-fondness for military life, to which the subsequent events of his
-history proved him well adapted. When the first gun of the war
-sounded from the rebel batteries at Charleston, it awoke in his
-breast a determined and prompt response. At that time he was a
-member of the New-Haven Grays, and immediately volunteered with
-that corps for three months’ service in the Second Regiment,
-holding the position of sergeant. It will be remembered that that
-was one of the very few regiments which returned with credit from
-the field of Bull Run. After this brief campaign he remained at
-home for a season, constrained by considerations of filial duty,
-by which a noble nature like his is ever governed until yet higher
-obligations demand attention. The armies of the Union were being
-rapidly filled up, and at length the Government stopped recruiting,
-while the nation beheld with confidence the vast and apparently
-irresistible preparations, which betokened an easy victory. Under
-these circumstances it was not strange that so many, like Colonel
-Merwin, held back by peculiar home duties, refrained from throwing
-themselves into the struggle. But these anticipations resulted in
-disappointment, and all this array of resources proved a disastrous
-failure. The call of the country was now heard in louder and
-more imperative tones than ever before, and appealed to a far
-wider circle in the community. Henry C. Merwin responded with a
-calm, but earnest alacrity, as is ever true of those whose guide
-is duty. His deserved and unsought popularity soon gathered to
-his banner a full quota of men, which was designated as Company A
-of the Twenty-seventh. Subsequently, at the organization of the
-regiment, he was chosen Lieutenant-Colonel by the votes of his
-fellow-officers. From this point his history is identified with
-that of the regiment. From the moment of departure for the field
-to the time of his death in that terrible combat of July second,
-at Gettysburg, he had never been relieved from duty, except as
-the casualties of war separated him from his command. He shared
-the fortunes of the regiment during the terrible and fruitless
-battle of Fredericksburg, and met with undaunted courage the
-sudden shock of disaster in the thickets of Chancellorsville. He
-visited Richmond as a prisoner of war, and on being exchanged at
-once returned to the regiment, to the command of which he was now
-called. Along the weary march to Gettysburg he inspired the men
-with his own indomitable spirit, and on that fated wheat-field,
-where the missiles of the enemy, as it were, mowed down the waving
-grain, he fell, mortally wounded, breathing out those words of
-noble self-forgetfulness, “My poor regiment is suffering fearfully.”
-
-Without disparagement to any, it may truly be said that no officer
-in the regiment attracted to himself such universal and unvarying
-respect, confidence, and affection among the men of his command.
-Nor was this strange in view of the remarkable and harmonious
-combination of noble qualities in his character. No pride of
-position ever marred the beautiful consistency of his life, and
-yet there was a natural dignity which forbade undue familiarity.
-He felt deeply the responsibility of his relation to the regiment,
-and this o’ermastering principle swallowed up every consideration
-of self-interest. Duty was evidently the supreme motive of his
-life, and intent upon the performance of his own, he expected and
-required equal faithfulness on the part of others. He was quick of
-discernment, and rapid in execution, but no harshness ever dimmed
-the transparent kindness of his demeanor. His genial countenance
-and words of sympathy and encouragement often cheered the
-loneliness of the hospital. He thoroughly appreciated the hardships
-and trials peculiar to the private soldier, and at all times
-endeavored to sustain and inspirit his weary energies. All these
-more amiable qualities were supplemented by a manly independence
-and decision, which made him always jealous for the rights of his
-men. On that trying march to Gettysburg, no arrogance and severity
-of superior officers ever deterred him from a gentlemanly, but bold
-and firm, maintenance of the rights and interests of the regiment.
-He at once secured the respect, and soon the high regard of Colonel
-Brooke, commanding the brigade, who felt most keenly the loss of
-Colonel Merwin, and, on hearing that he was wounded, gave orders
-that every thing possible should be done for his welfare.
-
-But none can do justice to such a character. In his death the
-Twenty-seventh laid its costliest sacrifice upon the altar of our
-country.
-
-                  “He had kept
-      The brightness of his soul, and thus men o’er him wept.”
-
-
-[Illustration: ADDISON C. TAYLOR,
-
-CAPTAIN OF COMPANY C.]
-
-This gallant officer fell severely wounded in the engagement
-at Fredericksburg, December thirteenth, 1862, and died at his
-home in New-Haven, March thirteenth, 1863. He was born October
-twenty-eighth, 1841, in Wellington, Lorraine county, Ohio. His
-parents were natives of Connecticut, which State became his home
-when he was about twelve years of age. For several years he was
-a pupil in the Collegiate and Commercial Institute of New-Haven,
-and subsequently a teacher, and also the military instructor in
-that school. The outbreak of the rebellion in 1861 found him
-performing the duties of this position. Though feeling that his
-relations and duties to others did not permit him at that time
-to enter the active military service of the country, yet he took
-an earnest and enthusiastic part in the stirring scenes of that
-period. Troops were to be raised and prepared for the field with
-the utmost dispatch. How vividly memory recalls the experiences
-of those days, then so strange in our national history, when men
-were gathering from all quarters for the nation’s defence, and
-our streets resounded with the drum and fife, and the public
-square was alive with squads and companies moving to and fro
-in the mazes of military evolutions! Captain Taylor’s zeal and
-military knowledge found an ample sphere for exercise at this
-important crisis, and truly most efficient service did he render.
-It should be particularly mentioned, that he drilled the company
-of Captain, now Brevet Major-General, Joseph R. Hawley, then
-of the First Connecticut Regiment of three months’ volunteers.
-Brevet Brigadier-General Edward W. Whittaker, the adventurous
-cavalry leader, was also at that time a member of this company. So
-successfully did Captain Taylor fulfil these duties that Captain
-Hawley offered him the most flattering inducements if he would
-consent to accompany the regiment; but the time had not arrived
-when he was to give even life itself for his country. It came
-when the battle summer of 1862 convinced the nation that this was
-no ordinary struggle, and brought each man face to face with the
-question of his own individual duty. At this juncture the call was
-issued for volunteers for nine months’ service; and Captain Taylor,
-with his accustomed ardor, immediately entered upon the work of
-recruiting the “Monitors” for the Twenty-seventh Regiment, and
-soon assembled about him a very superior body of men, to whom his
-military knowledge and experience were of very great advantage.
-His was the color company, and at its head he moved on that day of
-fearful carnage, the memorable thirteenth of December, 1862, when
-he received the wound which resulted in death, after three months
-of patient suffering.
-
-Did space allow, we might appropriately introduce at this point the
-singularly unanimous testimony of those who knew him best, to the
-self-reliance which he manifested from his earliest years; to the
-thorough, unostentatious sincerity, purity, and conscientiousness
-of his life; to the high sense of duty which impelled him to the
-field, and animated him in every act; and, more than all this, to
-the Christian principles which formed the basis of his symmetrical
-character.
-
-      “The light of his young life went down,
-        As sinks behind the hill
-      The glory of a setting star--
-        Clear, suddenly, and still.
-      The blessing of his quiet life
-        Was in his every look.
-      We read his face as one that reads
-        A true and holy book.”
-
-
-[Illustration: JEDEDIAH CHAPMAN, JR.,
-
-CAPTAIN OF COMPANY H.]
-
-Death singled out another shining mark when Captain Chapman fell
-in the fore-front of battle, on the same afternoon that beheld the
-close of Colonel Merwin’s life. Two congenial spirits in nobility
-and worth together passed to the land of immortality on that day of
-death’s high carnival.
-
-Jedediah Chapman, Jr., was born in New-Haven, November
-twenty-first, 1839. Like Colonel Merwin, he was a member of the
-New-Haven Grays at the opening of the war, and accompanied them
-to the field as a private in the three months’ service. When the
-Twenty-seventh was being recruited under the call for nine months’
-troops, he took hold of the work with vigor, and was in great
-part instrumental in raising Company H, of which he was chosen
-First Lieutenant. During more than one third of the campaign he
-had command of the company, and to his exertions and military
-experience its efficiency was largely due. Amid the terrors of
-that disastrous day at Fredericksburg, no one acquitted himself
-with greater bravery and coolness than Lieutenant Chapman. In
-consequence of protracted sickness during the spring of 1863, he
-did not participate in the battle of Chancellorsville, and thus
-escaped the fate of the regiment. But it was a great disappointment
-to him not to be with his men, and share with them the vicissitudes
-of the campaign. By reason of the disaster to the Twenty-seventh
-in that battle, only two companies of the regiment remained in the
-field, with a few remnants of those which were captured. These
-scattering portions were formed into one company, and Lieutenant
-Chapman was placed in command. His peculiar qualifications of
-discipline and character contributed much to their unity and
-effectiveness during the succeeding campaign of Gettysburg; and
-at their head he fell on the second of July, 1863. His commission
-as Captain of Company H, dated May thirteenth, 1863, had been
-already issued and forwarded; but he did not live to know of this
-well-deserved honor.
-
-Much that has already been said of Colonel Merwin might, with
-equal propriety, be applied to Captain Chapman. He was an officer
-well known, and highly esteemed, not only in his own company, but
-throughout the regiment. He possessed in a peculiar degree all the
-elements which constitute an efficient, and yet popular, commander.
-In all his relations, he manifested a genial frankness of manner, a
-conscientiousness of purpose, and keen sense of justice, which at
-once gained universal confidence and regard. He was one of the most
-unassuming of men, and yet in that soul burned a depth of devotion
-to duty, and a power of noble action, which seemed to require the
-stern, trying scenes of war to bring them forth in their original
-strength and glory. So long as the campaign of the Twenty-seventh
-lives in the memory of those who participated in it, so long will
-the members of Company H cherish the name and reputation of their
-beloved commander, Jedediah Chapman.
-
-       *       *       *       *       *
-
-Let us now turn to the long catalogue of enlisted men, whose names
-appear in the necrology of the regiment. History can never do
-justice to the grandeur and far-reaching importance of the cause to
-which they gave the testimony of their lives, nor can it do justice
-to the nobility and value of the sacrifice. It is not necessary
-to repeat in this place the names of these worthy men; but we
-will call to mind a few representatives of their number. There
-was Orderly-Sergeant Richard H. Fowler, of Company A, who died of
-wounds received at Fredericksburg. He was a native of Guilford, and
-one of a family whose record for active patriotism and sublimity of
-sacrifice has few, if any, parallels during the whole war. Corporal
-William A. Goodwin and Private Augustus B. Fairchild likewise
-fell at Fredericksburg. To the efficiency and worth of them all,
-the officers of the company bear willing testimony. Companies C,
-D, E, and F, also suffered severely in the loss of faithful and
-tried soldiers. The battle of Fredericksburg struck from the roll
-of Company H some of its most valued members. Among these were
-Orderly-Sergeant Thomas E. Barrett, and Corporals George H. Mimmac
-and Frank E. Ailing. Sergeant Barrett was a man of very superior
-character and education. Previous to his enlistment he had been
-a much-esteemed teacher at the Eaton Public School in New-Haven.
-The pleasant duties and associations of this position, and all its
-prospects of usefulness, he yielded up to enter the service of the
-country. Few made greater sacrifices, or made them more cheerfully,
-than he, in obedience to a purely unselfish sense of duty. He
-sought and expected no office, and only at the earnest solicitation
-of his comrades consented to accept the post of First Sergeant, and
-certainly no company ever had a more faithful and conscientious
-officer. He was a noble Christian soldier; a man whom society could
-ill afford to lose. But he has left behind him an example which
-should be carefully cherished and regarded. The sacrifice of such
-a man is of no ordinary value, and gives unusual significance to
-the struggle through which the nation has passed. Corporals Mimmac
-and Ailing possessed very similar elements of character. The latter
-was a member of Yale College at the time he enlisted, and left
-the congenial pursuits of a student’s life to respond to what he
-regarded the call of duty. Such were some of the men the ranks of
-the Twenty-seventh contributed to that roll of honored names, whose
-heroism and self-sacrifice will grow brighter and brighter, as the
-progress of years reveals, in all their meaning and influence, the
-events of the war for Liberty and Union.
-
-
-
-
-RECORD OF CASUALTIES.
-
-
-FIELD AND STAFF.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Gettysburg, July 2, 1863._
-
-  Lieutenant-Colonel Henry C. Merwin.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862._
-
-  Chaplain John W. Leek.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Adjutant George F. Peterson.
-
-
-COMPANY A.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Corporal William A. Goodwin, Jr.
-  Private Augustus B. Fairchild.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  First Sergeant Richard H. Fowler.
-  Sergeant Nelson S. Wilmot.
-  Sergeant James B. Blair.
-  Corporal William H. Cornwall.
-  Private Thomas H. Wallace.
-
-
-DIED OF WOUNDS.
-
-  First Sergeant Richard H. Fowler, December 17th, 1862, at camp
-      near Falmouth.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Private Henry B. Hilliard, December 17th, 1862, at Hammond General
-      Hospital, Maryland.
-  Private Edward C. Hazard, October 16th, 1862, at Camp Terry,
-      New-Haven.
-  Private Frank A. Johnson, December 14th, 1862, at camp near Falmouth.
-  Private Treat A. Marks, December 25th, 1862, at camp near Falmouth.
-  Private Joseph B. Thompson, February 7th, 1863, at camp near Falmouth.
-  Private Elbert W. Ball, August 5th, 1863, at New-Haven.
-
-
-COMPANY B.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._.
-
-  Corporal George E. Wilford.
-  Private Timothy Callahan.
-
-  Private Joseph Bennett.
-          Patrick Condon.
-          Josiah Johnson.
-          Michael Taylor.
-          L. Mortimer Willis.
-          Edwin L. Wilford.
-
-_At Gettysburg_.
-
-Private Charles Paxden.
-
-
-DIED OF WOUNDS.
-
-  Corporal George E. Wilford, January 8th, 1863.
-  Private Joseph Bennett, December 25th, 1862.
-          Patrick Condon, December 28th, 1862, in hospital at Annapolis.
-          Josiah Johnson, January 5th, 1863.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Private George C. Baldwin, January 25th, 1863, at camp near Falmouth.
-  Private Edward B. Dolph, March 20th, 1863, at camp near Falmouth.
-  Private Lewis M. Tucker, October 10th, 1862, at Branford, Connecticut.
-  Second Lieutenant Edmund B. Cross, August 6th, 1863, at New-Haven.
-
-
-COMPANY C.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Private Charles Michael.
-          Wilbur Nash.
-          Joel C. Parmelee.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Private Samuel B. Clark.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Corporal Charles E. Cornwall.
-  Color-Corporal Joseph Stevens.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Captain Addison C. Taylor.
-  Second Lieutenant Charles B. Brooks.
-  Sergeant Henry M. Stanton.
-  Color-Corporal Henry E. Wing.
-  Color-Corporal James L. Ambler.
-  Color-Corporal Sydney R. Thompson.
-  Private Hector Murphy.
-          John Platt.
-          George W. Hine.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Sergeant Charles S. Beatty.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Color-Corporal William S. Bodwell.
-  Corporal Gilbert A. W. Ford.
-
-
-DIED OF WOUNDS.
-
-  Captain Addison C. Taylor, March 13th, 1863, at New-Haven,
-      Connecticut.
-  Color-Corporal William L. Bodwell, July 5th, 1863, at Gettysburg.
-  Color-Corporal Sydney R. Thompson, December 30th, 1862.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Color-Corporal Sydney H. Plumb, April 18th, 1863, at camp near
-      Falmouth.
-  Private John G. Clark, December 30th, 1862, in General Hospital,
-      Washington.
-  Private Harvey S. Welton, July 14th, 1863, near Harper’s Ferry,
-      Virginia.
-
-
-COMPANY D.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Sergeant Garry B. Sperry.
-  Private William Reuter.
-          Gilbert Keller.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Private William O. Scott.
-          William E. Wilson.
-          Patrick Dunn.
-          Marcus O. Judson.
-          John Goodwin.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  First Lieutenant Frank H. Smith.
-  Second Lieutenant Ellsworth A. Smith.
-  Sergeant John A. Munson.
-           Henry B. Hill.
-           Benjamin H. Cobb.
-           George B. Lego.
-  Corporal Andrew J. Barnard.
-  Private James Johnson.
-          Alpheus D. Cobb.
-          Thomas M. Kilcullen.
-          Loren M. Higgins.
-          John Mitchell.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Sergeant Fitch M. Parker.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Captain Cornelius J. Dubois.
-  First Sergeant George T. Swank.
-  Private Dwight T. Brockett.
-          Thomas M. Kilcullen.
-          William Lee.
-          Charles H. Nichols.
-          John Phillips.
-          Richard A. Tenner.
-          John E. Williamson.
-          John Hogan.
-          Thomas G. Yale.
-
-
-DIED OF WOUNDS.
-
-  Sergeant Henry B. Hill, January 14th, 1863.
-  Benjamin H. Cobb, January 19th, 1863.
-  Private Loren M. Higgins, February 1st, 1863.
-          John Mitchell, December 15th, 1862.
-          Thomas G. Yale, August 26th, 1863, Philadelphia.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Private John W. Lounsbury, December 8th, 1862.
-  Private William Goodwill, December 10th, 1862, at College Hospital,
-              Georgetown, D. C.
-          Spencer Bronson.
-          Thomas M. Kilcullen, September 10th, 1863, in Richmond,
-              Virginia.
-
-
-COMPANY E.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Corporal James G. Clinton.
-  Private George Brown.
-          Andrew B. Castle.
-          Edward Thompson.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Private William Burke.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Sergeant John D. Sherwood.
-  Private Timothy Carroll.
-          Seth Woodward.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Corporal Frederick G. Bell.
-  Private Edward A. Dunning.
-          David S. Rockwell.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Private Charles H. Henderson.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Private Jacob Schneider, January 19th, 1863, at camp near Falmouth.
-
-
-COMPANY F.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Private Michael Confrey.
-          Edward B. Farr.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  First Lieutenant DeWitt C. Sprague.
-  Sergeant Henry D. Russell.
-  Corporal Thomas Ward.
-           James B. Munson.
-           Elias C. Mix, Jr.
-  Private John Crosby.
-          John A. Hopkins.
-          Charles Higgins.
-          William A. Kelley.
-          Dennis W. Tucker.
-          James Williamson.
-          Henry C. Wakelee.
-          Henry A. Kelsey.
-          Leonard Russell.
-          William F. Tuttle.
-          Jairus C. Eddy.
-          Samuel Fowler, 2d.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Sergeant Thomas Ward.
-  Private William Blakeslee.
-          John Crosby.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Captain Joseph R. Bradley.
-  First Lieutenant Charles P. Prince.
-  Sergeant Thomas Ward.
-  Corporal Henry W. Clark.
-  Private Edward B. Fowler.
-          Daniel O’Neal.
-
-
-DIED OF WOUNDS.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Sergeant Henry D. Russell, January 4th, 1863, in hospital, Washington.
-  Private Jairus C. Eddy, December 20th, at camp near Falmouth.
-  Private Samuel Fowler, 2d, January 9th, in hospital, Washington.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Private John S. Robinson, June 18th, 1863, in Baltimore.
-
-
-COMPANY G.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Sergeant Casper S. Gladwin.
-  Corporal Andrew J. Boardman, Jr.
-  Private Hosea B. Button.
-          Henry H. Onthrup.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Corporal William H. Stannis.
-  Private John Griffin.
-          Martin Merrill.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Nelson N. Beecher, June 24th, 1863.
-
-
-COMPANY H.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  First Sergeant Thomas E. Barrett.
-  Corporal Frank E. Alling.
-           George I. Judson.
-           George H. Mimmac.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Private John Rawson.
-
-_At Gettysburg._
-
-  Captain Jedediah Chapman.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Sergeant Wareham A. Morse.
-           Frederick E. Munson.
-           William H. Alden.
-  Private Joseph A. Rogers.
-          Leicester J. Sawyer.
-  Private Hezekiah P. Smith.
-          Byron Ure.
-          Frank L. Merwin.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Private Silas Benham.
-          James Braddock.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Private Charles L. Alling, March 22d, 1863, at camp near Falmouth.
-  Private Hezekiah P. Smith, January 18th, 1863, at camp near Falmouth.
-
-
-COMPANY I.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Corporal Corydon N. Thomas.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  First Lieutenant Samuel M. Smith.
-  Color-Sergeant James Brand.
-  Corporal Henry B. Wilcox.
-           William G. Hill.
-           Judson H. Dowd.
-  Private Francis E. Beach.
-          Dennis Crummy.
-          Henry D. Calkins.
-          Alvah R. Doane.
-          Samuel J. Field.
-  Private George S. Hill.
-          Thomas Pentelow.
-          Julian F. Watrous.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Private George W. Beckwith.
-
-
-DIED OF WOUNDS.
-
-  Corporal William G. Hill, January 6th, 1863, in Washington.
-  Private Rufus S. Shelley, December 29th, 1862, in hospital, at
-      Georgetown, D. C.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Private Joseph Hull, March 2d, 1863, at camp near Falmouth.
-  Private George S. Hill.
-          William M. Phile, April 20th, 1863.
-
-
-COMPANY K.
-
-
-KILLED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Captain Bernard E. Schweizer.
-  Corporal Albert Cabanis.
-
-
-WOUNDED.
-
-_At Fredericksburg._
-
-  Corporal Augustus Vogt.
-  Private John Huber.
-          George Gunther.
-          Ernst Klein.
-          Ernst Reuthe.
-          John Schaffner.
-
-_At Chancellorsville._
-
-  Private Michael Hauserman.
-          George Eckle.
-
-
-DIED OF DISEASE.
-
-  Private William F. Bernhardt, June 15th, 1863.
-
-
-Tabular Statement of Casualties during the Nine Months’ Campaign.
-
-  Legend:-
-  F: Fredericksburg.
-  C: Chancellorsville.
-  G: Gettysburg.
-  D: Of Disease.
-  WF: Of wounds rec’d at Fredericksburg.
-  WG: Of wounds rec’d at Gettysburg.
-  Co: Company
-
-  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-            |    KILLED.   |    WOUNDED.  |     DIED.    |  PRISONERS.
-            |--------------+--------------+--------------+---------------
-            |  F |  C |  G |  F |  C |  G | WF | WG |  D |  F |  C  |  G
-  ----------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+----
-  Field and |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |     |
-     Staff, | .. | .. |  1 |  1 | .. |  1 | .. | .. | .. | .. |   4 | ..
-  Co. A,    |  2 | .. | .. |  5 | .. | .. |  1 | .. |  5 | .. |  37 | ..
-  Co. B,    | .. | .. | .. |  8 | .. |  1 |  4 | .. |  3 | .. |  38 |  1
-  Co. C,    |  3 |  1 |  2 |  9 |  1 |  2 |  2 |  1 |  3 | .. |  27 | ..
-  Co. D,    |  3 | .. |  5 | 12 |  1 | 11 |  4 |  1 |  4 | .. |   2 |  1
-  Co. E,    |  4 |  1 | .. |  3 |  3 |  1 | .. | .. |  1 |  2 |  29 | ..
-  Co. F,    | .. | .. |  2 | 17 |  3 |  6 |  3 | .. |  1 | .. |   6 |  1
-  Co. G,    | .. | .. | .. |  4 | .. |  3 | .. | .. |  1 | .. |  25 | ..
-  Co. H,    |  4 |  1 |  1 |  8 |  2 | .. | .. | .. |  2 |  1 |  30 |  1
-  Co. I,    |  1 | .. | .. | 13 |  1 | .. |  2 | .. |  3 | .. |  39 | ..
-  Co. K,    |  2 | .. | .. |  6 |  2 | .. | .. | .. |  1 | .. |  42 | ..
-  ----------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+----
-    Total,  | 19 |  3 | 11 | 86 | 13 | 25 | 16 |  2 | 24 |  3 | 280 |  4
-  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-  Killed and wounded at Fredericksburg,                105
-  Killed and wounded at Chancellorsville,               16
-  Killed and wounded at Gettysburg,                     36
-                                                       ---
-      Total killed and wounded,                        157
-  Deaths in battle and by wounds at Fredericksburg,     35
-  Deaths in battle and by wounds at Chancellorsville,    3
-  Deaths in battle and by wounds at Gettysburg,         13
-                                                       ---
-      Total deaths by battle,                           51
-  Deaths by disease,                                    24
-                                                       ---
-      Total deaths by battle and disease,               75
-                                                       ---
-      Total killed, wounded, and deaths from disease,  181
-  Taken prisoners,                                     287
-                                                       ---
-      Total casualties,                                468
-
-
-
-
-ARMY COMMANDERS OF THE TWENTY-SEVENTH.
-
-
-_Army of the Potomac._
-
-  MAJOR-GENERAL AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE,
-  MAJOR-GENERAL JOSEPH HOOKER,
-  MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE G. MEADE.
-
-
-_Right Grand Division._
-
-  MAJOR-GENERAL EDWIN V. SUMNER.
-
-
-_Second Army Corps._
-
-  MAJOR-GENERAL DARIUS N. COUCH,
-  MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD S. HANCOCK.
-
-
-_First Division._
-
-  MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD S. HANCOCK,
-  MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN C. CALDWELL.
-
-
-_Third Brigade._
-
-  BRIGADIER-GENERAL SAMUEL R. ZOOK.
-
-
-_Fourth Brigade._
-
-  BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOHN R. BROOKE.
-
-
-FIELD AND STAFF.
-
-  --------------+-------------------------+-----------+------------------+
-       RANK.    |   NAME.                 | RESIDENCE.|     DATE OF      |
-                |       REMARKS.          |           |   COMMISSION.    |
-  --------------+-------------------------+-----------+------------------+
-  Colonel,      |[B]Richard S. Bostwick,  | New-Haven,| Oct. 2d, 1862,   |
-  Lieut.        |[B]Henry C. Merwin,      | New-Haven,| Oct. 2d, 1862,   |
-      -Colonel, |      { Promoted from Captain, Co. A. Killed at         |
-                |      {   Gettysburg, July 2d, 1863.                    |
-  Major,        |   Theodore Byxbee,      | Meriden,  | Oct. 2d, 1862,   |
-                |      Resigned, March 28th, 1863.                       |
-  Major,        |[B]James H. Coburn,      | New-Haven,| March 28th, 1863,|
-                |      Promoted from Captain, Co. A.                     |
-  Adjutant,     |   George F. Peterson,   | New-Haven,| Oct. 6th, 1862,  |
-  Quartermaster,|   H. Lynde Harrison,    | Branford, | Oct. 6th, 1862,  |
-                |      Resigned, Jan. 20th, 1863.                        |
-  Quartermaster,|   Ruel P. Cowles,       | New-Haven,| April 1st, 1863, |
-                |      Appointed from Captain, Co. H.                    |
-  Chaplain,     |   John W. Leek,         | New-Haven,| Nov. 10th, 1862, |
-                |      { Resigned, March 25th, 1863, by reason of        |
-                |      {   wound received at Fredericksburg.             |
-  Surgeon,      |   Wm. O. McDonald,      | New-York, | Jan. 17th, 1863, |
-                |      Discharged for promotion, May 23d, 1863.          |
-  1st Asst.     |   Thomas M. Hills,      | New-Haven,| Oct. 27th, 1862, |
-      -Surg.,   |      Discharged, Feb. 2d, 1863.                        |
-  2d Asst.      |   Frederick S. Treadway,| New-Haven,| Oct. 18th, 1862, |
-      -Surg.,   |      Resigned, March 24th, 1863.                       |
-  --------------+-------------------------+-----------+------------------+
-
-
-NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF.
-
-  ---------------+------------------------+--------------+
-       RANK.     |   NAME.                | RESIDENCE.   |
-                 |       REMARKS.         |              |
-  ---------------+------------------------+--------------+
-  Sergeant-Major,|   Edmund B. Cross,     | New-Haven,   |
-                 |      { Promoted 2d Lieutenant, Co. B, |
-                 |      {   March 25th, 1863.            |
-  Sergeant-Major,|[B]Francis A. Foster,   | Milford,     |
-                 |      Appointed April 16th, 1863.      |
-  Q. M. Sergeant,|   Charles A. Baldwin,  | New-Haven,   |
-                 |      Appointed Oct. 8th, 1862.        |
-  Com.-Sergeant, |   John H. Steadman,    | Meriden,     |
-                 |      Appointed Oct. 8th, 1862.        |
-  Hospital       |   Jesse W. Henry,      | Orange,      |
-    Steward,     |      Appointed Oct. 8th, 1862.        |
-  ---------------+------------------------+--------------+
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-OFFICERS OF THE LINE.
-
-  ---------------+-----------------------+-----------+------------------+
-                 |                       |           |     DATE OF      |
-       RANK.     |   NAME.               | RESIDENCE.|   COMMISSION.    |
-                 |       REMARKS.        |           |                  |
-  ---------------+-----------------------+-----------+------------------+
-    COMPANY A.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |   Henry C. Merwin,    | New-Haven,| Sept. 8th, 1862, |
-                 |      { Promoted to be Lieut.-Colonel, Oct. 2d, 1862. |
-                 |      {   Killed at Gettysburg, July 2d, 1863.        |
-  1st Lieutenant,|   James H. Coburn,    | New-Haven,| Sept. 8th, 1862, |
-                 |      { Promoted to be Captain, Oct. 2d, 1862,        |
-                 |      {   and Major, March 28th, 1863.                |
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Frank D. Sloat,     | New-Haven,| Sept. 8th, 1862, |
-                 |      { Promoted to be 1st Lieutenant, Oct. 2d, 1862, |
-                 |      {   and Captain, March 28th, 1863.              |
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Frank M. Chapman,   | New-Haven,| Oct. 2d, 1862,   |
-                 |      Promoted to be 1st Lieutenant, March 28th, 1863.|
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Adelbert P. Munson, | New-Haven,| March 28th, 1863,|
-                 |      Promoted from 1st Sergeant.                     |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY B.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |   Calvin L. Ely,      | Branford, | Sept. 13th, 1862,|
-  1st Lieutenant |   Daniel W. Fields,   |Wallingford| Sept. 13th, 1862,|
-                 |      Resigned, March 25th, 1863.                     |
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]George W. Elton,    |Wallingford| Sept. 13th, 1862,|
-                 |      Promoted to be 1st Lieutenant, March 25th, 1863.|
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Edmund B. Cross,    | New-Haven,| March 25th, 1863,|
-                 |      Promoted from Sergeant-Major.                   |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY C.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |   Addison C. Taylor,  | New-Haven,| Sept. 11th, 1862,|
-                 |      { Died, March 13th, 1863, from wounds received  |
-                 |      {   at Fredericksburg.                          |
-  Captain,       |[B]Ira S. Beers,       | New-Haven,| March 13th, 1863,|
-                 |      Promoted from 1st Lieutenant, Co. G.            |
-  1st Lieutenant,|[B]Wm. R. Harmount,    | New-Haven,| Sept. 11th, 1862,|
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Chas. B. Brooks,    | New-Haven,| Sept. 11th, 1862,|
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY D.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |   Cornelius J. Dubois,| New-Haven,| Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-  1st Lieutenant,|   Frank H. Smith,     | New-Haven,| Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Ellsworth A. Smith, | New-Haven,| Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-                 |      Resigned, April 16th, 1863.                     |
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Sewell A. Dodge,    | New-York, | May 17th, 1863,  |
-                 |      Promoted from 1st Sergeant.                     |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY E.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |   George F. Hotchkiss,|Woodbridge,| Sept. 13th, 1862,|
-                 |      Resigned, April 20th, 1863.                     |
-  1st Lieutenant,|[B]David S. Thomas,    | New-Haven,| Sept. 13th, 1862,|
-                 |      Promoted to be Captain, May 1st, 1863.          |
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Wm. S. Rawson,      | New-Haven,| Sept. 13th, 1862,|
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY F.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |   Joseph R. Bradley,  |East-Haven,| Sept. 9th, 1862, |
-  1st Lieutenant,|   De Witt C. Sprague, | New-Haven,| Sept. 9th, 1862, |
-                 |      Honorably discharged, May 4th, 1863.            |
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Charles P. Prince,  |East-Haven,| Oct. 18th, 1862, |
-                 |      Promoted to be 1st Lieutenant, May 17th, 1863.  |
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Daniel Worcester,   |East-Haven,| May 17th, 1863,  |
-                 |      Promoted from Sergeant.                         |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY G.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |   Theodore Byxbee,    | Meriden,  | Sept. 3d, 1862,  |
-                 |      { Promoted to be Major, Oct. 2d, 1862;          |
-                 |      {   resigned March 28th 1863.                   |
-  1st Lieutenant,|   Ira S. Beers,       | New-Haven,| Sept. 3d, 1862,  |
-                 |      Promoted to be Captain, Co. C, March 13th, 1863.|
-  1st Lieutenant,|[B]Stillman Rice,      | Madison,  | March 13th, 1863,|
-                 |      Promoted from 2d Lieutenant, Co. I.             |
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Samuel T. Birdsall, | New-Haven,| Sept. 3d, 1862,  |
-                 |      Promoted to be Captain, Oct. 2d, 1862.          |
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Frank B. Wright,    | Meriden,  | Oct. 3d, 1862,   |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY H.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |   Ruel P. Cowles,     | New-Haven,| Sept. 11th, 1862,|
-                 |      { Resigned, April 1st, 1863, to accept          |
-                 |      {   Quartermastership.                          |
-  1st Lieutenant,|   Jedediah Chapman,   | New-Haven,| Sept. 11th, 1862,|
-                 |      { Promoted to be Captain, May 13th, 1863.       |
-                 |      {   Killed at Gettysburg, July 2d, 1863.        |
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Orrin C. Burdict,   | New-Haven,| Sept. 11th, 1862,|
-                 |      Promoted to be 1st Lieutenant, May 13th, 1863.  |
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Winthrop D. Sheldon,| New-Haven,| May 13th, 1863,  |
-                 |      Promoted from 1st Sergeant.                     |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY I.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |[B]Chas. M. Wilcox,    | Madison,  | Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-  1st Lieutenant,|[B]Samuel M. Smith,    | New-Haven,| Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Stillman Rice,      | Madison,  | Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-                 |      { Promoted to be 1st Lieut., Co. G, March 13th, |
-                 |      {   1863.                                       |
-  2d Lieutenant, |   Charles W. Ely,     | Madison,  | March 13th, 1863,|
-                 |      { Promoted from 1st Sergeant; resigned June 4th,|
-                 |      {   1863.                                       |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-    COMPANY K.   |                       |           |                  |
-                 |                       |           |                  |
-  Captain,       |  Bernard E. Schweizer,| New-Haven,| Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-                 |      Killed at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13th, 1862.      |
-  1st Lieutenant,|[B]Oswald Eschrich,    | New-Haven,| Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-                 |      Promoted to be Captain, Feb. 28th, 1863.        |
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Christian Weller,   | New-Haven,| Sept. 10th, 1862,|
-                 |      Promoted to be 1st Lieutenant, Feb. 28th, 1863. |
-  2d Lieutenant, |[B]Wm. Muhlner,        | New-Haven,| Feb. 28th, 1863, |
-                 |      Promoted from 1st Sergeant.                     |
-  ---------------+-----------------------+-----------+------------------+
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-COLOR-BEARERS.
-
-
-SERGEANTS.
-
-  James Brand.
-  Amos N. Benton.
-
-_By Promotion._
-
-  John F. Sanford.
-
-
-COLOR-GUARD.
-
-
-CORPORALS.
-
-  James L. Ambler.
-  John M. Bristol.
-  James W. Baird.
-  Joseph R. Clark.
-  Joseph B. De Witt.
-  John F. Sanford.
-  Sydney R. Thompson.
-  Henry E. Wing.
-
-_By Promotion._
-
-  William L. Bodwell.
-  Sydney H. Plumb.
-  Joseph Stevens.
-  George W. Tibbals.
-  George E. Treadwell.
-
-
-
-
-PROMOTIONS AMONG THE ENLISTED MEN.
-
-
-COMPANY A.
-
-  Third Sergeant Adelbert P. Munson to be First Sergeant and Second
-      Lieutenant.
-  Corporal Henry C. Shelton to be First Sergeant.
-  Corporal George Ashdown to be Sergeant.
-  Privates William H. Cornwall,
-           Miles A. Goodrich,
-           Samuel J. Hilliard,
-           Sherwood S. Thompson,
-           Samuel L. Stevens, to be Corporals.
-
-
-COMPANY B.
-
-  Privates Walter E. Fowler,
-           Henry W. Hubbard,
-           John K. Wilder, to be Corporals.
-
-
-COMPANY C.
-
-  Corporal Charles S. Beatty to be Sergeant.
-  Private James Mulligan to be Corporal.
-
-
-COMPANY D.
-
-  First Sergeant Sewell A. Dodge to be Second Lieutenant.
-  Fifth Sergeant George B. Lego to be Fourth Sergeant.
-  Corporal Fitch M. Parker to be Fifth Sergeant.
-           Augustus T. Freed to be Third Sergeant.
-           George T. Swank to be First Sergeant.
-  Private William E. Wilson to be Corporal.
-
-
-COMPANY E.
-
-  Privates George Clemson,
-           Isaac Bradley, to be Corporals.
-
-
-COMPANY F.
-
-  Second Sergeant Daniel Worcester to be Second Lieutenant.
-  Fifth Sergeant Stiles L. Beech to be Fourth Sergeant.
-  Corporal Thomas Ward to be Fifth Sergeant.
-  Private Moses Thomas to be Corporal.
-
-
-COMPANY H.
-
-  Private Winthrop D. Sheldon to be First Sergeant and Second Lieutenant.
-  Private Origen Parker to be Sergeant.
-  Privates Amariah Bailey,
-           William A. Parmalee,
-           William G. Martin,
-           Edward McCormick,
-           Ambrose W. Hastings, to be Corporals.
-
-
-COMPANY I.
-
-  First Sergeant Charles W. Ely to be Second Lieutenant.
-  Privates James R. Matthews,
-           John N. Watrous,
-           Henry Walton, to be Corporals.
-
-
-COMPANY K.
-
-  First Sergeant William Muhlner to be Second Lieutenant.
-  Corporal Louis Trappe to be Sergeant.
-  Private Carl H. Hager to be Corporal.
-
-
-
-
-PIONEER CORPS.
-
-
-A.
-
-  Charles J. Morris.
-
-
-B.
-
-  George W. Baldwin.
-  Nelson Vibbert.
-
-
-C.
-
-  Sylvester R. Snow.
-
-
-D.
-
-  Henry E. Smith.
-
-
-E.
-
-  John B. Hartshorn.
-
-
-F.
-
-  Elizur E. Page.
-
-
-G.
-
-  Nelson N. Beecher.
-
-
-H.
-
-  Edward E. Gamsby.
-  David Ford.
-
-
-I.
-
-  Corporal Henry Walton.
-
-
-K.
-
-  Adam Rutz.
-
-
-
-
-  CATALOGUE
-  OF
-  ENLISTED MEN.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY A.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 3D, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  Richard H. Fowler,               New-Haven.
-  Nelson S. Wilmot,                Orange.
-  [B]Adelbert P. Munson,           New-Haven.
-  James B. Blair,                      “
-  [B]Alexander H. Coburn,              “
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  [B]Henry C. Shelton,                 “
-  [B]George B. Durrie,                 “
-  William C. Peck,                     “
-  Wm. A. Goodwin, Jr.,                 “
-  [B]William H. Merwin,                “
-  William C. Tyler,                    “
-  [B]Robert C. Arnold,                 “
-  William K. Barlow,                   “
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  Edward P. Donnelly,                  “
-  Samuel C. Waldron,                   “
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  George A. Bradley,                   “
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Ahern, Otto,                         “
-  Augur, Charles B.,                   “
-  [B]Ashdown, George,                  “
-  [B]Backus, Chester H.,               “
-  Backus, George A.,                   “
-  [B]Ball, Elbert W.,                  “
-  Barnes, Henry E.,                    “
-  [B]Barnes, William H.,               “
-  Bainbridge, Henry H.,                “
-  [B]Best, William,                    “
-  [B]Bradley, DeWitt V.,           Orange.
-  [B]Bradley, George H.,           New-Haven.
-  Bradley, Franklin,               Orange.
-  Bulkley, Frederick,              New-Haven.
-  [B]Cowan, Joseph W.,                 “
-  Cornwall, Wm. H.,                    “
-  Dawson, Frank T.,                    “
-  Dardelle, Antonio,               Clinton.
-  Dibbel, Samuel,                     “
-  Doolittle, Lewis E.,             New-Haven.
-  Doolittle, Daniel H.,            Bethany.
-  Fairchild, Augustus B.,          New-Haven.
-  [B]French, Smith B.,             Orange.
-  [B]Fenn, William S.,                “
-  [B]Fenton, Frederick B.,         New-Haven.
-  Fox, Simeon J.,                      “
-  [B]Goodrich, Miles A.,               “
-  [B]Hopkins, Sereno A.,               “
-  Hall, Aaron A.,                      “
-  Hilliard, Henry B.,                  “
-  Hilliard, Lewis F.,                  “
-  [B]Hilliard, Samuel J.,          Clinton.
-  Hotchkiss, Lauren R.,            New-Haven.
-  [B]Hofacker, Conrad,                 “
-  Hazzard, Edward C.,                  “
-  [B]Isbell, Wyllis,                   “
-  Jacobs, John,                        “
-  Johnson, Frank A.,                   “
-  Lanman, John T.,                     “
-  Lindsley, Charles T.,                “
-  Marks, Treat A.,                 Milford.
-  Merritt, Charles L.,             New-Haven.
-  [B]Merrells, John W.,                “
-  [B]Morris, Charles J.,           Orange.
-  Potter, Samuel L.,                  “
-  [B]Ransom, George,               New-Haven.
-  [B]Rice, George M.,                  “
-  [B]Rice, Oliver W.,                  “
-  [B]Scharff, Augustus A.,             “
-  Scoville, William W.,                “
-  [B]Stannard, Orson,                  “
-  [B]Stevens, Samuel J.,               “
-  Stevens, Alonzo H.,              Clinton.
-  [B]Stevens, Samuel L., Jr.,         “
-  [B]Story, Richard L.,            New-Haven.
-  [B]Storer, George,                   “
-  Thompson, Joseph B.,             Orange.
-  [B]Thompson, Sherw. S.,          New-Haven.
-  Tuttle, Cyrus W.,                Orange.
-  Trowbridge, George T.,              “
-  [B]Wallace, Robert M.,              “
-  Wallace, Thomas H.,                 “
-  Wilcox, E. LeRoy,                New-Haven.
-  Wright, Williston S.,            Orange.
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY B.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 3D, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  [B]Daniel Averill, 2d,           Branford.
-  [B]Robert B. Goodyear,           North-Haven.
-  [B]Samuel S. Cook,               Branford.
-  Alonzo F. Hubbell,                   “
-  [B]Billious C. Hall,             Wallingford.
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  George M. Prout,                 Branford.
-  Albert Harrison,                 North Branford.
-  Samuel Beach,                    Branford.
-  Henry D. Boardman,               North Branford.
-  [B]Charles A. Young,             Branford.
-  [B]George S. Rogers,                 “
-  George G. Wilford,                   “
-  Isaac K. Hall,                   Wallingford.
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  Byron Hill,                          “
-  Henry Z. Nichols,                Branford.
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  Rudolphus Bartholomew,               “
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Baldwin, George C.,                  “
-  [B]Beach, William H.,                “
-  Bennett, Joseph,                     “
-  [B]Beach, Harvey,                    “
-  Bradshaw, William,               Wallingford.
-  [B]Beaumount, Harvey,                “
-  [B]Backus, Michael,                  “
-  [B]Baldwin, George W.,           Branford.
-  Bunnell, William,                    “
-  Camp, Henry A.,                  Wallingford.
-  [B]Camp, Joel,                       “
-  Condon, Patrick,                     “
-  Condon, John,                        “
-  Callahan, Timothy,                   “
-  [C]Cusher, Joseph,               Branford.
-  [B]Dibble, Elizur B.,                “
-  Dolph, Edward B.,                Wallingford.
-  [B]Ennis, James,                     “
-  Evans, Thomas H.,                    “
-  [B]Fowler, Walter E.,            Guilford.
-  [B]Foster, Andrew,               New-Haven.
-  Fairchild, Douglass,             Wallingford.
-  Gallaghan, William J.,               “
-  [B]Hubbard, Henry W.,            Branford.
-  Hotchkiss, John,                     “
-  Hart, Henry F.,                      “
-  Higgs, Israel,                   New-Haven.
-  Hall, Roger,                     Branford.
-  [B]Harrison, Nathan,             North Branford.
-  Holmes, William W.,              Wallingford.
-  Johnson, Josiah,                 North Branford.
-  [B]Johnson, Homer R.,            Wallingford.
-  [B]Kelsey, Richard T.,           Guilford.
-  Kneringer, Matthias,             Branford.
-  [B]Kennedy, James,               Wallingford.
-  [B]Lamm, Adam,                   North-Haven.
-  [B]McGowen, James,               Wallingford.
-  [B]O’Neil, Michael,              Branford.
-  [B]O’Brien, Thomas,              North Haven.
-  [B]O’Brien, Edward,              Wallingford.
-  [B]O’Brien, John,                Branford.
-  [B]Palmer, William B.,               “
-  Parsons, Edwin W.,                   “
-  Palmer, Nathan A.,               North-Haven.
-  Paden, Charles,                  Wallingford.
-  [B]Page, James B.,               Guilford.
-  Sheldon, Edward D.,              Branford.
-  Stone, Elizur C.,                North Branford.
-  Smith, Elbert J.,                North-Haven.
-  Sloman, James,                   Wallingford.
-  Shepard, Harvey G.,              Branford.
-  [B]Tyler, Obed L.,                   “
-  [B]Taylor, Michael,              Wallingford.
-  [B]Todd, Kirtland,               North-Haven.
-  Todd, Beri M.,                   New-Haven.
-  Todd, Henry D.,                  North-Haven.
-  Tucker, Lewis M.,                Branford.
-  Tyler, William A.,                   “
-  [B]Vibbert, Nelson,              Wallingford.
-  Wilford, Edwin L.,               Branford.
-  [B]Wheaton, Merwin,              North Branford.
-  [B]Willis, L. Mortimer,          Branford.
-  Wallace, William,                Wallingford.
-  [B]Wilder, John K.,                  “
-  Yale, Solomon,                   Branford.
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-[C] Taken prisoner at Gettysburg.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY C.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 4TH, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  Edward H. Carrington,            New-Haven.
-  [B]Edwin B. Baldwin,             Milford.
-  Henry M. Stanton,                Norwalk.
-  Francis A. Foster,               Milford.
-  Amos N. Benton,                  Guilford.
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  Charles E. Cornwall,             Milford.
-  Oliver S. Bishop,                Norwalk.
-  [B]Joseph L. Stearns,            New-Haven.
-  [B]Agur Wheeler,                     “
-  Irad Fuller,                         “
-  Gilbert A. W. Ford,                  “
-  Charles Hurlburt,                    “
-  [B]Charles S. Beatty,            Norwalk.
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  Horace W. Brockett,              New-Haven.
-  Thomas I. Persons,                   “
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  George Kellogg,                  Norwalk.
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Ambler, James L.,                Norwalk.
-  Baldwin, Dennis E.,              Milford.
-  [B]Baldwin, Roger S.,               “
-  Baird, James W.,                    “
-  Beard, William A.,                  “
-  [B]Beatty, George E.,            Norwalk.
-  Beers, Calvin H.,                Guilford.
-  Benjamin, David W.,              Milford.
-  Bishop, Edward L.,               Guilford.
-  Bristol, John M.,                New-Haven.
-  [B]Bristol, S. Allen,            Guilford.
-  [B]Burton, Henry,                Milford.
-  Bodwell, William L.,             Norwalk.
-  [B]Brown, John T.,                  “
-  Clark, Almond E.,                Milford.
-  Clark, John G.,                     “
-  Clark, Joseph R.,                   “
-  Clark, Samuel B.,                Milford.
-  Church, William W.,              Durham.
-  [B]Conway, William,              New-Haven.
-  [B]Cornwall, Frederick,          Milford.
-  [B]Denton, Hart,                 Norwalk.
-  De Witt, Joseph B.,              New-York
-  Disbrow, James H.,               Norwalk.
-  [B]Dodge, Jeremiah R.,           Milford.
-  Douglass, George,                New-Haven.
-  Fitch, Theodore,                 Norwalk.
-  [B]Ford, Charles W.,             Milford.
-  Graham, William W.,                 “
-  [B]Hallett, Henry,               Norwalk.
-  Hine, George W.,                 Milford.
-  [B]Hine, Lewis,                     “
-  Hubbell, Allen P.,               Norwalk.
-  [B]Jansen, Albert,               New-Haven.
-  Johnson, David T.,                   “
-  Joyce, Henry E.,                     “
-  Lyman, Chester,                      “
-  [B]Lyman, Henry W.,                  “
-  Michael, Charles,                Milford.
-  [B]Mulligan, James,              New-Haven.
-  Murphy, Hector,                      “
-  [B]Nash, Olin,                   Norwalk.
-  Nash, Wilbur,                       “
-  Payne, Elisha T.,                   “
-  Parmele, Joel C.,                Guilford.
-  Platt, John,                     New-Haven.
-  Plumb, Sidney H.,                Milford.
-  Pike, Lewis,                     New-Haven.
-  [B]Rogers, George E.,            Milford.
-  Sanford, John F.,                   “
-  [B]Smith, Caleb,                    “
-  [B]Snow, Sylvester R.,           Guilford.
-  Stevens, Joseph,                 New-Haven.
-  Stowe, Edgar P.,                 Orange.
-  [B]Talcott, Samuel T.,           New-Haven.
-  Thompson, Sidney R.,             Bridgewater.
-  Tibbals, George W.,              Milford.
-  Tibbals, James S.,                  “
-  Treadwell, George E.,            New-Haven.
-  Welch, Lewis M.,                 Milford.
-  Welton, Harvey S.,               Guilford.
-  White, Charles E.,               Norwalk.
-  Wing, Henry E.,                     “
-  [B]Wixon, James E.,                 “
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY D.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 22D, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  Sewell A. Dodge,                 New-York.
-  John A. Munson,                  New-Haven.
-  Henry B. Hill,                       “
-  Benjamin H. Cobb,                    “
-  [B]George B. Lego,                   “
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  Charles Dodge,                   New-Haven.
-  Fitch M. Parker,                     “
-  Harvy Brown,                         “
-  William S. Peck,                 Woodbridge.
-  George T. Swank,                 New-York.
-  George W. Barry,                 New-Haven.
-  Augustus T. Freed,               New-York.
-  Andrew J. Barnard,               Waterbury.
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  Frank Sanford,                   New-Haven.
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Bronson, Spencer,                Waterbury.
-  Brockett, Dwight T.,             New-Haven.
-  Bennett, Edgar H.,               Woodbridge.
-  Burwell, Arnold T.,              Milford.
-  Beecher, George E.,              New-Haven.
-  Bowns, Teunis,                       “
-  Craig, Edward,                       “
-  Church, Henry,                       “
-  Cady, George E.,                     “
-  Cobb, Alpheus D.,                    “
-  Clock, Gilbert L.,                   “
-  Dunn, Patrick,                   Wallingford.
-  Eagan, Thomas,                   New-Haven.
-  Ford, William B.,                Bethany.
-  Griffing, Richard H.,            New-Haven.
-  Goodwill, William,                   “
-  Goodwin, John,                       “
-  Griswold, Isaac,                     “
-  Higgins, Loren M.,                   “
-  Hitchcock, Dwight L.,            Bethany.
-  Hogan, John,                     New-Haven.
-  Hotchkiss, Lewis W.,             Bethany.
-  Hildreth, Charles B.,            New-Haven.
-  Hildreth, John L.,                   “
-  Hitchcock, Lewis,                Bethany.
-  Hitchcock, Ransom,                  “
-  Hipelius, Frederick,             New-Haven.
-  Judson, Marcus O.,                   “
-  Jones, William H.,                   “
-  Johnson, James,                      “
-  Jewett, Joseph W.,               Prospect.
-  Kent, William H.,                New-Haven.
-  Keller, Gilbert,                     “
-  Kahn, William,                       “
-  Keeler, Herbert E.,                  “
-  [C]Kilcullen, Thomas M.,             “
-  [C]Lee, William,                     “
-  Lounsbury, John W.,              Bethany.
-  Lowrie, Robert,                      “
-  Loop, Charles N.,                New-York.
-  Mitchell, John,                  Bethany.
-  Mills, William C.,                  “
-  Nichols, Charles H.,                “
-  Nichols, Stephen G.,             New-Haven.
-  Phillips, John,                      “
-  Potter, Willis,                      “
-  Reuter, William,                     “
-  Rogers, Charles A.,                  “
-  Robinson, Lorenzo,                   “
-  Robertson, James M.,                 “
-  [B]Smith, Henry E.,                  “
-  Sperry, Garry B.,                    “
-  Schrimper, William,                  “
-  Schaner, Paul,                       “
-  Sharples, Samuel,                    “
-  Scott, William O.,               Milford.
-  Tuttle, Wesley P.,               New-Haven.
-  Tenner, Richard A.,                  “
-  Torney, Claus,                       “
-  Taylor, George H.,                   “
-  Thoman, Philip,                      “
-  Talmadge, Frederick L.,              “
-  Thompson, John,                      “
-  Williamson, John E.,                 “
-  Wilson, William E.,              New-York.
-  Yale, Thomas G.,                 New-Haven.
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-[C] Taken prisoner at Gettysburg.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY E.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 22D, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  J. Fletcher Hermance,            New-Haven.
-  [B]Henry N. Horton,                  “
-  [B]Almarine Hayward,                 “
-  [B]Chauncey Hickox,                  “
-  John D. Sherwood,                    “
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  [B]Frederick Lundberg,           New-Haven.
-  [B]Charles O. West,                  “
-  [B]John P. Tyrrell,                  “
-  [B]Amos J. Herkins,                  “
-  Wm. H. Peckman,                      “
-  James G. Clinton,                    “
-  [B]George T. Dade,                   “
-  Frederick G. Bell,                   “
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  Benjamin E. Brown,               New-Haven.
-  Wm. L. Parmalee,                     “
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  Homer W. Fenn,                   Woodbridge.
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Andrews, Gilead T.,              New-Haven.
-  Andrews, Norris,                     “
-  Bradley, Joseph W.,              Woodbridge.
-  Brown, George,                   New-Haven.
-  Baldwin, Edward F.,              Woodbridge.
-  Burke, William,                  Cheshire.
-  [B]Bradley, Isaac,               Woodbridge.
-  [B]Baldwin, Charles,                 “
-  Bryan, James A.,                 New-Haven.
-  Behinger, Julius,                    “
-  Castle, Andrew B.,                   “
-  Choisy, Albert,                      “
-  [B]Clemson, George,              Bridgewater.
-  Carrol, Timothy,                 New-Haven.
-  Dunning, Edward A.,                  “
-  Doran, Philip,                       “
-  Demorest, Charles,                   “
-  Elliott, William,                    “
-  Elkins, George W.,               New-Haven.
-  [B]Fuller, Philo S.,                 “
-  Fortunata, Charles,                  “
-  [B]Golden, John C.,                  “
-  Hartmann, Conrad,                    “
-  Hungerford, George W.,               “
-  Henderson, Charles H.,               “
-  [B]Homan, Elisha F.,                 “
-  [B]Hartshorn, John B.,           Orange.
-  Holmes, William,                 New-Haven.
-  [B]Hickey, William,                  “
-  Hill, Jahleel,                   Norwich.
-  [B]Hagemeyer, August,            New-Haven.
-  Hellgrau, John,                      “
-  [B]Munson, William,              North Branford.
-  McNeil, William S.,              New-Haven.
-  Mansfield, Frederick O.,             “
-  [B]McEvoy, Edward,                   “
-  [B]McHattie, Thomas,                 “
-  [B]Mabie, Henry,                 Bridgewater.
-  [B]Mabie, James H.,                  “
-  Orlemann, Louis,                 New-Haven.
-  [B]Patterson, Robert G.,             “
-  [B]Paulscraft, George,           Bridgewater.
-  Platt, Cornelius,                New-Haven.
-  Rose, Daniel,                    Wolcott.
-  Rockwell, David S.,              New-Haven.
-  [B]Rosha, Adrian C.,             Bethany.
-  Ryan, John H.,                   New-Haven.
-  [B]Rice, James W.,               Bethany.
-  Stein, Frederick,                Easton.
-  [B]Squire, John H.,              Farmington.
-  Stinson, Avery,                  New-Haven.
-  [A]Stone, Richard,                   “
-  Smith, Charles F.,                   “
-  Sperry, Charles,                     “
-  [A]Sperry, John M.,                  “
-  Smith, James,                        “
-  Schneider, Jacob,                    “
-  Tuttle, Henry E.,                    “
-  Thompson, Edward,                    “
-  Woodward, Seth,                      “
-  Wilson, William,                     “
-  Warner, Stephen B.,                  “
-  [B]Waldron, Henry O.,                “
-  Wilson, John,                        “
-
-[A] Taken prisoner at Fredericksburg.
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY F.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 18TH, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  Henry A. Barnes,                 New-Haven.
-  Daniel Worcester,                East-Haven.
-  Charles A. Tuttle,                   “
-  Henry D. Russell,                    “
-  Stiles L. Beech,                 New-Haven.
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  Thomas Ward,                     New-Haven.
-  Elias C. Mix, Jr.,                   “
-  James B. Munson,                     “
-  [B]Alvan B. Rose,                East-Haven.
-  Albert Bradley,                      “
-  Henry W. Clark,                  New-Haven.
-  George E. Dudley,                    “
-  George S. Hine,                      “
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  Charles W. Wilcox,               New-Haven.
-  Charles M. Barnes,               East-Haven.
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  Charles L. Rowe,                 East-Haven.
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Allen, John,                     East-Haven.
-  Adams, John,                     North Branford.
-  Burrell, David,                  East-Haven.
-  Brockett, Lewis,                     “
-  Brockett, George E.,             North-Haven.
-  Burwell, A. R.,                  New-Haven.
-  Barnes, Andrew J.,                   “
-  Brady, John,                         “
-  Bradley, Rodney,                 East-Haven.
-  Benton, Edward R.,               Guilford.
-  Buckmaster, Robert S.,           New-Haven.
-  Bristoll, William T.,                “
-  [B]Baldwin, Theodore,            Orange.
-  Beecher, Charles L.,                “
-  Blakeslee, William,              New-Haven.
-  Condon, Morris,                      “
-  Crosby, John,                        “
-  [B]Collins, George C. H.,        New-Haven.
-  Confrey, Michael,                    “
-  [B]Cady, Arrah B.,               Woodbury.
-  Deming, Calvin,                  East-Haven.
-  Eddy, Jairus C.,                 New-Haven.
-  Fowler, Edward B.,               East-Haven.
-  Farr, Edward B.,                 New-Haven.
-  Ferris, Adam,                        “
-  Fowler, Samuel, 2d,              Guilford.
-  Goodsell, Luzerne,               New-Haven.
-  Higgins, Charles,                East-Haven.
-  Hope, James H.,                  New-Haven.
-  [B]Hopkins, John A.,                 “
-  Hemingway, Willis E.,            East-Haven.
-  Judd, Truman O.,                 North-Haven.
-  Kelley, William A.,              East-Haven.
-  Kelsey, Henry A.,                New-Haven.
-  Leonard, George A.,                  “
-  Mallory, Zina,                   East-Haven.
-  Mallory, Lyman A.,                   “
-  Marks, Hobert P.,                New-Haven.
-  Meers, Frank B.,                     “
-  Munson, Charles,                     “
-  O’Neal, Daniel,                      “
-  Prout, William,                  East-Haven.
-  Potter, Charles E.,                  “
-  Potter, Leverett,                    “
-  [B]Page, Elizur E.,              North Branford.
-  Parmalee, Smith,                 New-Haven.
-  Russell, Leonard,                East-Haven.
-  Robinson, John S.,               North Branford.
-  Richmond, William W.,            New-Haven.
-  Riggs, Ranford,                      “
-  Stebbins, James,                     “
-  Showles, Jacob J.,                   “
-  Talmadge, Alson L.,                  “
-  Tucker, Dennis W.,               North-Haven.
-  Tuttle, William F.,              New-Haven.
-  Treat, Horace,                   Orange.
-  Thomas, Moses,                   New-Haven.
-  Turner, Edward H.,                   “
-  Ward, Joseph,                    Wallingford.
-  Wharton, John E.,                New-Haven.
-  Williamson, James,                   “
-  Wilcox, Edward T.,                   “
-  Wakelee, Henry C.,                   “
-  Wilmont, Henry F.,                   “
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY G.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 22D, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  Solomon H. Wood,                 Meriden.
-  Casper S. Gladwin,               Haddam.
-  George W. Taylor,                Meriden.
-  Allen D. Baldwin,                Orange.
-  [B]Lucius Kentfield,             New-Haven.
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  And. J. Boardman, Jr.,           East Haddam.
-  William H. Stannis,              Meriden.
-  [B]George L. Seymour,               “
-  Collins Upson,                      “
-  Gilbert Upson,                      “
-  [B]Stiles D. Woodruff,           Orange.
-  Albert J. Puffer,                Meriden.
-  [B]William H. Stewart,           New-Haven.
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  Thomas W. Crawford,              Meriden.
-  William S. Bronson,              New-Haven.
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  James M. Warner,                 Meriden.
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Bailey, Harvey E.,               Haddam.
-  [B]Brinton, Charles P.,          Farmington.
-  [B]Beecher, Nelson N.,           New-Haven.
-  Button, Hosea B.,                    “
-  Chapman, John,                   East-Haddam.
-  [B]Carter, James T.,             Meriden.
-  Clark, Edwin C.,                    “
-  Chatfield, Edwin,                Seymour.
-  [B]Coe, Nathan,                  Barkhamsted.
-  [B]Clark, E. Beach,              New-Haven.
-  [B]Clark, Albertus N.,           Orange.
-  [B]Calkins, Arthur B.,           New-Haven.
-  Charters, Lucian W.,                 “
-  Clarke, Everett B.,              Orange.
-  [B]Dunbar, Peter,                New-Haven.
-  Eggleston, Augustus,             Barkhamsted.
-  [B]Fergurson, William J.,        Meriden.
-  Fowler, Frank,                   New-Haven.
-  [B]Gladwin, Frank O.,            Meriden.
-  Glynn, Patrick,                  New-Haven.
-  [B]Grant, Joseph,                Meriden.
-  Griffin, John,                   New-Haven.
-  Harvey, Amos S.,                 East-Haddam.
-  Harding, Charles,                New-Haven.
-  Holcomb, Charles F.,                 “
-  Hartley, William,                    “
-  Isbell, Harlow R.,               Meriden.
-  Kinsey, Charles P.,              New-Haven.
-  Lowell, Reuben W.,               Meriden.
-  Lomax, Thomas,                   New-Haven.
-  [B]Miles, Wallace A.,            Meriden.
-  Marsh, Florence H.,              New-Haven.
-  Merrill, Martin,                 Orange.
-  Merwin, Edwin F.,                New-Haven.
-  Onthrup, Henry H.,                   “
-  Pierpont, J. Evelyn,                 “
-  Russell, Stephen D.,             Orange.
-  [B]Russell, William M.,             “
-  [B]Sanford, Andrew H.,           New-Haven.
-  [B]Spellman, James,              Seymour.
-  [B]Skinner, Edwin F.,            East-Haddam.
-  [B]Symonds, Charles A.,          Meriden.
-  Sedgwick, Henry,                    “
-  Steel, Edward J.,                   “
-  Smith, Henry,                    Chester.
-  Scobie, William C.,              New-Haven.
-  [B]Smith, Charles F.,            Orange.
-  Snow, Albert H.,                 New-Haven.
-  Sliney, David,                   Branford.
-  Treat, Charles H.,               Orange.
-  [B]Treat, Thelus C.,                “
-  Yale, Merritt A.,                New-Haven.
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY H.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 22D, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  Thomas E. Barrett,               New-Haven.
-  Wareham A. Morse,                    “
-  [B]Simeon Smith,                     “
-  Frederick E. Monson,                 “
-  [B]William H. Alden,                 “
-
-Corporals.
-
-  [B]David S. Eldridge,            New-Haven.
-  Samuel Lloyd,                        “
-  [B]Henry F. Peck,                    “
-  Edgar S. Dowd,                       “
-  Henry J. Beecher,                    “
-  Frank E. Alling,                     “
-  George I. Judson,                    “
-  George H. Mimmack,                   “
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  William J. Gore,                 New-Haven.
-  Willie P. Downs,                     “
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  Leander F. Johnson,              Madison.
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Alling, Charles L.,              New-Haven.
-  Arndt, Carl,                         “
-  [B]Atwood, Joseph,                   “
-  Barnes, Henry A.,                    “
-  [B]Beach, George H.,                 “
-  Benham, Henry E.,                    “
-  Benham, Silas,                       “
-  Benham, James W.,                    “
-  Braddock, James,                     “
-  [B]Bailey, Amariah,                  “
-  Boyle, Edward,                   Wallingford.
-  [B]Carroll, Frank,               New-Haven.
-  [B]Cashman, Thomas,                  “
-  [B]Chamberlin, M. N.,                “
-  Covert, Alexander H.,                “
-  [B]Dade, Charles J.,                 “
-  Davis, Bronson F.,                   “
-  Davis, Wells R.,                     “
-  [B]Doty, William,                    “
-  Dennison, William,               New-Haven.
-  Dewire, Timothy,                 Harwinton.
-  Ford, Charles A.,                New-Haven.
-  [B]Ford, David,                      “
-  Ford, William C.,                    “
-  Fay, Charles,                        “
-  Friend, Joseph,                      “
-  Gamsby, Edward E.,                   “
-  Gay, William B.,                     “
-  [B]Grant, William R.,                “
-  [B]Hastings, Ambrose W.,             “
-  [C]Hine, Samuel,                     “
-  Johnson, Alphonso O.,            Orange.
-  [B]Kinney, William C.,           New-Haven.
-  [B]Mansfield, Edward G.,             “
-  [B]Martin, William G.,               “
-  [B]McCormick, Edward,                “
-  McGinnis, John J.,                   “
-  McDougal, George J.,                 “
-  [B]Miller, Richard,                  “
-  [A]Morgan, John,                     “
-  Moses, William W.,                   “
-  Merwin, Frank L.,                    “
-  Olmsted, Marvin,                     “
-  [B]Palmer, Richard,                  “
-  [B]Parker, Origen,                   “
-  [B]Parmalee, William A.,             “
-  Peterson, Ernest A.,                 “
-  [B]Quinn, Cornelius,             Harwinton.
-  Rawson, John,                    New-Haven.
-  Riker, John E.,                      “
-  [B]Robinson, Augus. R.,              “
-  Rogers, Joseph A.,                   “
-  Ryan, James,                         “
-  Sawyer, Lester J.,                   “
-  Seward, Silas W.,                    “
-  [B]Sheldon, Winthrop D.,             “
-  Spencer, John R.,                    “
-  Sperry, Edward M.,                   “
-  Smith, Hezekiah P.,                  “
-  Tomlinson, Peter,                Derby.
-  [B]Tanner, Norman A.,            New-Haven.
-  [B]Tuttle, Henry C.,                 “
-  Ure, Byron,                          “
-  [B]Whitney, William M.,              “
-  Willoughby, John,                    “
-
-[A] Taken prisoner at Fredericksburg.
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-[C] Taken prisoner at Gettysburg.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY I.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 22D, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  Charles W. Ely,                  Madison.
-  James Brand,                     New-Haven.
-  [B]William B. Hunter,            Madison.
-  [B]Wm. B. Crampton,                 “
-  [B]Thomas S. Field,                 “
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  Henry B. Wilcox,                    “
-  William Hunter,                  New-Haven.
-  Corydon N. Thomas,               Madison.
-  William G. Hill,                 New-Haven.
-  [B]Henry H. Smith,                   “
-  James S. Brockett,                   “
-  [B]George E. Wheaton,            Madison.
-  Judson H. Dowd,                     “
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  Eugene A. Chatfield,             New-Haven.
-  A. Dutton Hall,                      “
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  Sidney W. Buck,                      “
-
-_Privates._
-
-  Adams, Edward P.,                Wethersfield.
-  Bean, William H.,                New-Haven.
-  Beckwith, George W.,                 “
-  [B]Bailey, Frederick F.,         Madison.
-  Bailey, John B.,                    “
-  Beach, Francis E.,               New-Haven.
-  [B]Blake, Edson S.,              Madison.
-  Bulkeley, Henry,                 Vernon.
-  [B]Crane, John N.,               New-Haven.
-  [B]Cutler, Charles L.,               “
-  Crummy, Dennis,                  Seymour.
-  Calkins, Henry D.,               New-Haven.
-  [B]Dickinson, William J.,            “
-  [B]Dorman, Joel H.,                  “
-  [B]Day, Thomas,                  Madison.
-  Doane, Alvah R.,                    “
-  [B]Dowd, James Hull,                “
-  [B]Dowd, James R.,               Madison.
-  [B]Dowd, Timothy A.,                “
-  Dudley, Sylvester S.,               “
-  Dudley, Lancellotte,                “
-  Eckhart, Joseph M.,                 “
-  [B]Farren, George L.,            New-Haven.
-  [B]Faughnan, John,                   “
-  Foote, Wallace J.,                   “
-  [B]Field, Samuel J.,             Madison.
-  [B]Foster, Frank,                   “
-  [B]Fitzgerald, Michael,          Bethany.
-  [B]Gould, Jonathan H.,           New-Haven.
-  Hine, Albert H.,                     “
-  Howd, Henry C.,                      “
-  Heitman, Adrian C.,                  “
-  Hall, Selden,                    Madison.
-  [B]Hill, George S.,                 “
-  Hill, Horace O.,                    “
-  [B]Hopson, Addison A.,              “
-  [B]Hull, Frederick W.,              “
-  Hull, Joseph,                       “
-  Kane, James,                     Newtown.
-  [B]Lee, James,                   New-Haven.
-  [B]Meigs, Timothy A.,            Madison.
-  Matthews, James R.,              New-Haven.
-  Norton, George W.,               Madison.
-  Norton, Joseph R.,                  “
-  [B]Norton, William S.,              “
-  Phile, William M.,               New-Haven.
-  [B]Price, William W.,                “
-  [B]Patterson, William E.,            “
-  Pentelow, Thomas,                Madison.
-  Rolf, Henry,                        “
-  [B]Ryan, Patrick,                Seymour.
-  [B]Smith, Samuel S.,             Madison.
-  [B]Smith, Frederick M.,          New-Haven.
-  [B]Scranton, Daniel F.,          Madison.
-  Shelley, Rufus S.,                  “
-  [B]Spencer, James E.,               “
-  Spencer, Thomas J.,              Clinton.
-  Thompson, James E.,              New-Haven.
-  Thompson, Julius,                    “
-  [B]Watrous, John N.,             Madison.
-  Watrous, Julian F.,                 “
-  [B]Walton, Henry,                New-Haven.
-  Yemmans, William H.,             Litchfield.
-  [B]Young, Charles H.,            Madison.
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-INFANTRY COMPANY K.
-
-MUSTERED INTO UNITED STATES SERVICE OCTOBER 18TH, 1862.
-
-_Sergeants._
-
-  William Muhlner,                 New-Haven.
-  Louis Oppertshauser,                 “
-  [B]George Nichtern,                  “
-  [B]Frederick Buchholz,               “
-  [B]Charles Weidig,                   “
-
-_Corporals._
-
-  [B]Louis Trappe,                     “
-  [B]John Boehm,                       “
-  Henry Hoffman,                       “
-  Gustus Vogt,                         “
-  Auguste Halfinger,                   “
-  [B]Peter Schmidt,                    “
-  Carl Wunsch,                         “
-  [B]Henry Vogt,                       “
-
-_Musicians._
-
-  [B]Wilbur F. Calkins,                “
-  [B]Charles Spreyer,                  “
-
-_Wagoner._
-
-  Chas. W. Prætorius,                  “
-
-_Privates._
-
-  [B]Baers, William,                   “
-  [B]Beahring, William,                “
-  Bernhardt, Wm. F.,                   “
-  [B]Bauer, George,                    “
-  [B]Baumer, Matthias,                 “
-  Bruning, William L.,                 “
-  Becker, Charles,                     “
-  Cabanis, Albert,                     “
-  [B]Dobel, Frederick,                 “
-  [B]Eckle, George,                    “
-  [B]Frank, Louis,                     “
-  [B]Ganser, Andrew,                   “
-  Gunther, George,                     “
-  Gunther, Michael,                    “
-  [B]Glamtner, Joseph,                 “
-  Hermann, John G.,                    “
-  Herman, Jacob,                       “
-  [B]Hauserman, Michael,           New-Haven.
-  Haiden, William,                     “
-  [B]Hartung, Frank,                   “
-  [B]Hager, Carl H.,                   “
-  [B]Hegel, John,                      “
-  [B]Henkel, Frederick,                “
-  Huber, Anton,                        “
-  [B]Huber, John,                      “
-  [B]Kuhrasch, August,                 “
-  Kraus, Frank,                    Hamden.
-  Knecht, John,                    New-Haven.
-  Kessel, John,                        “
-  Kramer, Jacob,                       “
-  Klein, Ernst,                        “
-  Lange, Carl,                         “
-  Lacombe, Arthur,                     “
-  Miller, Joseph A.,                   “
-  [B]Miller, Frederick,                “
-  Miller, Carl C.,                     “
-  [B]Munzing, Martin,                  “
-  Marazin, Emmanuel,                   “
-  Michou, August,                      “
-  [B]Meyer, Henry,                     “
-  Mai, August,                         “
-  Otto, Emil,                          “
-  [B]Pfleger, Ferdinand,               “
-  Reuthe, Ernst,                       “
-  [B]Rutz, Adam,                       “
-  [B]Richter, August,                  “
-  Reinhart, John,                      “
-  Ridel, Joseph,                       “
-  Rohrbeck, Albert,                    “
-  [B]Strobel, Constantine,             “
-  Schmidt, John,                       “
-  Schmidt, Joseph,                     “
-  [B]Schaffner, John,                  “
-  [B]Schmidt, Charles,                 “
-  Sievert, Frederick,                  “
-  Somers, Cyrus,                       “
-  Schenck, Paul,                   Branford.
-  Timm, Henry C.,                  New-Haven.
-  [B]Thesing, Frederick,               “
-  [B]Urban, Rudolph,                   “
-  [B]Vander Brake, Wm.,            Hamden.
-  Victor, Jean,                    New-Haven.
-  Welch, Martin,                       “
-  Werner, Albert,                      “
-
-[B] Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville.
-
-
-
-
-  TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
-
-  Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
-  corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within
-  the text and consultation of external sources.
-
-  Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text,
-  and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained: for example,
-  reënforcements, reinforcements; roadside, road-side; inclosure;
-  superadded; intrenching; careered.
-
-  Pg 67: ‘to ear our flag’ replaced by ‘to bear our flag’.
-  Pg 80: ‘while the cannoniers’ replaced by ‘while the cannoneers’.
-  Pg 115 et seq.: in these tables, which were very wide in the original
-          book, the ‘REMARKS.’ column has been moved under the ‘NAMES.’
-          column to make a multiline entry for each name.
-  Pg 116: in this table, the comma after ‘Wallingford’ has been
-          omitted to fit the name in the cell space.
-
-
-
-
-
-End of Project Gutenberg's The "Twenty-Seventh", by Winthrop D. Sheldon
-
-*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE "TWENTY-SEVENTH" ***
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