diff options
| author | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-01-27 21:56:21 -0800 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-01-27 21:56:21 -0800 |
| commit | 739007e7ac2490d9ea6cd39cae3cb22e3af5170f (patch) | |
| tree | d5e4a4d95035d0a3e6132e6662db9fed5bb40ef2 /old/61306-0.txt | |
| parent | 08df5f1b359efd4fb5b4537260926fb6c06eddf8 (diff) | |
Diffstat (limited to 'old/61306-0.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | old/61306-0.txt | 2640 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 2640 deletions
diff --git a/old/61306-0.txt b/old/61306-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 534de76..0000000 --- a/old/61306-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2640 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. XX, No. 1017, -June 24, 1899, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. XX, No. 1017, June 24, 1899 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: February 2, 2020 [EBook #61306] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GIRL'S OWN PAPER, JUNE 24, 1899 *** - - - - -Produced by Susan Skinner, Chris Curnow, Pamela Patten and -the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - - - -[Illustration: THE GIRL’S OWN PAPER - -VOL. XX.—NO. 1017.] JUNE 24, 1899. [PRICE ONE PENNY.] - - - - -EARLY MORNING NATURE-STUDY. - - -[Illustration: MRS. BRIGHTWEN IN HER GARDEN.] - -_All rights reserved._] - -To a true lover of nature hardly anything can be more thoroughly -enjoyable than a quiet hour spent in some shady spot early on a -summer’s morning, whilst the dew is still upon the flowers, and before -any sounds can be heard except those made by happy birds and insects. - -In my garden there is a little dell embowered by trees, where I often -spend an hour or two before breakfast for the special purpose of -enjoying the company of my pet wild creatures. - -On one side are five arches, formed possibly some hundreds of years -ago, since the great stones are grey with age and picturesquely -moss-grown and ivy-clad. Young trees, too, are growing here and there -out of the crevices into which the wind has wafted their seeds. - -In an open space before me are groups of stately foxgloves of every -tint, ranging from purple through rose-colour to pure white. Some of -them have stems fully seven feet in height, each bearing not fewer than -a hundred and forty or fifty flowers. - -Not only amongst these foxgloves, but in the lime branches overhead -innumerable bees keep up a continuous murmuring sound as they busily -gather their morning store of honey. - -Various tall grasses are sending up their feathery plumes, and in -a special bed where only wild flowers are allowed to grow, teasel, -hypericum, valerian, and bog-myrtle are delighting my eyes by the free, -graceful way in which they make themselves at home as if in their -native habitat. - -Under one of the arches the birds always find an abundance of food, -which I strew for them several times in the day. - -There I see young blackbirds, chaffinches, hedge-sparrows, wrens, and -titmice feasting and flitting about, quite regardless of my presence. -One advantage of this retreat is that no house-sparrows come here to -annoy the more timid birds. - -The quietness and peace of this secluded spot is in marked contrast -to the scenes I witness near the house. There sparrows reign supreme. -They come down in flocks to gorge themselves and their offspring upon -the sopped bread, rudely driving away many other kinds of birds that I -would fain encourage. - -It may be observed that I have not spoken of robins feeding under the -archway, because only one haunts this spot, and he is my special pet, -and elects to sit on a bough close to me warbling his sweet low song, -and occasionally accepting some choice morsel from my hand. - -When he was a brown-coated youngster I began to feed and attract him, -and in one week he gained so much confidence as to alight on my hand. - -He is now my devoted adherent, flying to meet me in different parts of -the garden as soon as he hears my voice. - -I am much interested, and I think he is also, in the development of -the little scarlet waistcoat which marks his arrival at maturity. I saw -the first red feather appear, just a mere tinge of colour amongst the -rest, and now daily I see the hue is deepening. If bathing and pluming -will tend to make him a handsome robin, he bids fair to outshine his -compeers, for he is always busy about his toilet, first fluttering in -a large clam-shell, which contains water, and then becoming absorbed -in his preening operations, which nothing will interrupt but the -appearance of another robin, who, of course, must be flown at and -driven away. - -Birds, however, are not my only visitors. Some tame voles or field-mice -creep stealthily in and out of the rockwork and find their way to the -birds’ feeding-ground, where they also enjoy the seeds and coarse -oatmeal, and amuse me much with their graceful play and occasional -scrimmages. Field-mice are easily tamed and made happy in captivity. - -Last year I coaxed a pair of these voles into a large glass globe, -and kept them long enough to observe sundry family events, such as -nest-building, the arrival of some baby-voles, and their development -from small pink infants into full-grown mice, and then I set the whole -family at liberty under the archway, where they now disport themselves -with all the confidence of privileged rodents. - -By remaining absolutely still for an hour or two, quietly reading or -thinking, one has delightful opportunities of seeing rare birds quite -at their ease. - -A green woodpecker, all unconscious of my presence, is clinging to an -old tree stem near by, and I can not only hear his tapping noise, but -I am able to observe how he is supported by the stiff feathers in his -tail, which press against the tree, and how his long tongue darts into -crevices in the bark and draws out the insects upon which he feeds. - -I follow his upward progress around the stem until he flies away with -the loud laughing cry which has earned for him the local name of Yaffle. - -Hawfinches are by no means common in this neighbourhood, but one -morning I was much interested to be able to watch three or four of -these birds, which had alighted on the top of a spruce fir in this -dell. Their golden-red plumage glistened brightly as they busily -flitted from branch to branch, snapping off small fir-sprays with -their powerful beaks, and chattering to each other all the while like -diminutive parrots. - -Now the early morning sun is sending shafts of brilliant light through -the thick foliage, and bringing out special objects in high relief. - -Just beside me is a large mass of grey stone, moss-grown and -fern-shaded. The sun has lighted up one side of this; the rest is in -shadow, so that it forms a picture in itself, and my robin has alighted -on it as though on purpose to give the touch of colour that was needed. - -All my readers may not have so sweet a spot in which to study nature, -but I do strongly commend to them the delight of a quiet time spent -alone out-of-doors in the early morning. - -The air is then so pure and fresh that it seems to invigorate one’s -mind no less than one’s body, and in the country the sights and sounds -are such as tend to helpful thoughts of the love and goodness of the -Creator Who has blessed us with so much to make us happy, if only we -will open our eyes and hearts to see and understand the works of His -hands. - - ELIZA BRIGHTWEN. - - - - -LETTERS FROM A LAWYER. - - -PART VIII. - - The Temple. - -MY DEAR DOROTHY,—Nothing seems to puzzle the ordinary public so much -as the law of omnibus travelling, and in one of two cases which I saw -reported the other day, the worthy County Court judge seems, if he -were correctly reported, to have made a slip and nonsuited a plaintiff -with a good cause of action. I am inclined to think, however, that it -was the reporter who made the slip and not the judge, by omitting an -important point in the case which had escaped his notice, and I think I -can pretty well guess what that point was. - -As both the actions arose out of incidents of everyday occurrence, -which might happen to anyone, I will here relate them for your benefit. - -The first case was one in which a lady claimed damages from an omnibus -company—I think it was the London General, but that is a detail—on -account of injuries received through the misconduct of the conductor. -It appears that there had been a previous altercation between the -parties, and that when the lady rose to go out, he pushed her off the -step and started the bus, so that the lady fell down and injured her -leg. - -The judge very properly nonsuited the plaintiff, because it is not -part of an omnibus conductor’s duties to violently push people off -his omnibus; such behaviour on his part was something outside of his -ordinary duties as a servant of the Company. The lady therefore had -no cause of action against the Company; her remedy was against the -conductor for the assault. - -This may seem to you, my dear Dorothy, to be a very unsatisfactory -state of affairs, but so it is, and it seems to me to be good sense -and good law, although I admit that an action against a wealthy omnibus -company and one against a poor conductor are not quite the same thing. - -In the other case a lady brought an action against an omnibus -company to recover the value of a dress, which she stated had been -damaged owing to her falling into the mud through the negligence or -carelessness of the conductor in starting the omnibus before she had -taken her seat. - -According to the report, as I read it, she was going upstairs, but -before she got to the top, the conductor, without giving her any -warning, rang his bell, and the omnibus started with a jerk, which -threw her off into the mud and spoilt her dress. - -Now if these had been the only facts in the case, I should have said -that this lady was entitled to recover the value of her damaged costume -from the omnibus company, because it is undoubtedly part of the -conductor’s duties to ring his bell and stop to take up and set down -passengers, and if a passenger is going outside he ought not to start -the omnibus until the passenger has secured his seat, or without giving -him warning or taking other reasonable means to see that he gets his -seat in safety. - -But in this also the plaintiff was nonsuited, and, although it did -not appear so in the report, the learned judge must have thought that -there was some negligence on the part of the lady. Possibly she had -got on to the omnibus whilst it was in motion, as so many ladies do -nowadays. This would at once put her out of court. If there had not -been contributory negligence of some kind, this lady would have won her -case. - -If you meet with an accident through getting on or off an omnibus -whilst it is in motion, you contribute to the accident in not ordering -the conductor to stop, and you have only yourself to blame; if, -however, you had ordered the conductor to stop and he had neglected or -refused to do so, you would probably succeed in an action against the -company. - -Nowadays, when nearly all the omnibus companies issue tickets, you -are not bound to show your tickets whenever they are demanded by a -conductor or inspector, but it is wiser to do so because the absence -of a ticket will generally be regarded by the magistrate as evidence -of your not having paid your fare, and unless you have any friends -travelling with you who are ready to come forward and swear that they -saw you purchase a ticket, you will very likely be fined and have to -pay costs as well. If you are travelling in a train or a tram, you are -bound to produce and deliver up your ticket whenever it is demanded by -a servant of the company, the railway and the tramway companies having -special powers to make bye-laws to this effect. - -The muzzling orders still remain in force for the Metropolis, although -in the country the dogs are freed of their muzzles. - -A man who was summoned the other day for allowing his dog to run about -unmuzzled, tried to make a point by pleading that he did not permit the -dog to run about unmuzzled. Whenever he took the dog out he always put -his muzzle on, but on this occasion the dog had gone out without his -permission. However, the magistrate fined him all the same, just as he -did - - Your affectionate cousin, - BOB BRIEFLESS. - - - - -THE HOUSE WITH THE VERANDAH. - -BY ISABELLA FYVIE MAYO, Author of “Other People’s Stairs,” “Her Object -in Life,” etc. - - -CHAPTER XIII. - -STARTLED! - -When once Lucy’s work began at the Institute her days were very full. -She rose early, gave her simple household orders, and prepared Hugh -for the Kindergarten, where she left him while she held her classes. -Hugh took his lunch with him, for he stayed at the Kindergarten rather -longer than the other children, so as to wait till his mother fetched -him. Lucy had explained her peculiar position to the Kindergarten -governess, a Miss Foster, and that lady had readily entered into this -arrangement. - -It was a great relief to Lucy to find that Hugh was soon quite happy -among his new surroundings, returning home with plenty of wonders to -tell, and being always eager for next day’s start. Miss Foster often -came to the door to see Lucy and to deliver over her pupil. She was -loud in praise of the little boy, confiding to Lucy that his state -of mental development was so different from that of too many of her -pupils. They had generally been left so much in the care of servants -and nurses. - -“A little one who is generally in the company of its mother, or -of somebody who really cares for it, may be said to enjoy all the -advantages of kindergarten from its very cradle,” she remarked. “Its -education has been going on happily and unconsciously all the while. -Its little brain and hands have found occupation in imitating the work -or doings it sees. It is not left to gape and stare at the things -around—all wonders to it—but it is encouraged to ask questions, and it -gets its questions cheerfully and patiently answered.” - -“I suppose that is a very important item,” said Lucy. - -“Yes, indeed,” said Miss Foster. “A careless nurse may often answer -a question, but she does this snappily, perhaps with a hasty shake -or a cross remark that the child is ‘a silly, little worrit.’ That -encourages no further inquiry, and the baby-mind often closes over -ridiculously wrong impressions, which can only confuse and blur its -mind and all its processes.” - -Lucy smiled. - -“Yes,” she answered, “I can understand that, for children generally -want a second answer to explain the first. I remember Hugh once asked -me as we walked past some burial ground what it was used for. I told -him ‘to put people’s bodies in when they die.’ He said ‘Oh!’ and -walked along quietly, but looking puzzled. I felt sure he had some -afterthought, so I said, ‘You have learned what a burial ground is now, -Hughie, haven’t you? To put people’s bodies in when they die.’ Hughie -snuggled up to me and whispered the confidential question, ‘If they -only put their bodies there, what do they do with their heads?’ What -an idea he would have carried away if his second question had not been -drawn out!” - -Miss Foster laughed. - -“Such things occur constantly,” she said. “I daresay we have all heard -the story of the little girl who said she liked to go to church when -they sang the hymn about the bear. No? Well, it runs that she made -this remark to her mother, who was more interested in her child’s -preferences than it is likely any servant would have been. So she -asked, ‘Which hymn is that, my dear?’ ‘Oh, the one about the bear that -squints.’ ‘The bear that squints!’ said the mother, surprised, and -knowing at once that something was wrong. ‘What does this mean?’ She -could not ask the child to show the hymn, for she could not yet read. -But instead of saying ‘Don’t be silly!’ she pursued the inquiry. ‘What -makes you think there is anything about a bear that squints?’ ‘Oh, I’ve -heard you sing it often,’ replied the child. ‘You sing “the consecrated -cross-eye bear!”’” - -They both laughed. - -“That may be apocryphal,” commented Miss Foster, “but if so it is a -fable which covers a great deal of fact.” - -“It need not be apocryphal,” returned Lucy. “A distinguished preacher -once told me that as a child he learned the lines— - - “‘Satan trembles when he sees - The weakest saint upon his knees.’ - -Surely a beautiful image, and one which to the adult mind it seems -impossible to misunderstand. But from the standpoint of the child, -accustomed himself constantly to sit on people’s knees, the idea -presented itself differently. He fancied that it was the saint’s -sitting on Satan’s knees which caused Satan’s agitation! It never -occurred to him that there could be any other meaning, and his puzzle -was not over any doubt on that head, but only concerning what, in such -a circumstance, was the cause of Satan’s dismay, for he knew that if he -himself sat on anybody’s knees, he was rather in that person’s power, -and could be easily got rid of. He went on saying and singing that hymn -for years, the wonderment always recurring. He told me that the truth -did not dawn on him till he was a grown youth attending theological -classes. Then he said it came with such a lightning-flash that it -nearly made him cry out in chapel!” - -“There is even a more serious aspect of this kind of misunderstanding,” -said Miss Foster, “which may really lead to a wrong stratum of -character if children are not encouraged to speak out and show how they -take things. Grown-up people sometimes say hasty or playful words which -no other ‘grown-up’ would take literally, but children do. It often -seems to me as if, though the little folk are themselves ready to ‘make -believe’ to any extent, yet they cannot credit any ‘make believe’ in -others. Let me tell you a story in illustration. - -“A friend has lately bought a house, on whose staircase is a beautiful -stained glass window; but its value is rather spoiled for her by the -fact that in its centre are the initials of the late owners of the -house, not interesting people in any way, but very commonplace folk who -made money by speculations. One day a little boy-visitor was admiring -the window, and asked about the initials. My friend explained them to -him, and then, turning to another visitor, laughingly said, ‘We must -get somebody to throw a stone through that pane.’ Presently she noticed -that the little boy kept very closely to her side, and by-and-by he -whispered, ‘Mrs. Gray, I can hit very well. I’ll throw a stone at -that window. I’ll do it to-day if you like.’ ‘Oh, my dear,’ she said, -‘that would never do at all. We must get it done properly some other -time.’ He was disappointed, but said no more then. When he was taking -leave, however, he whispered, ‘Mrs. Gray, when do you want that stone -thrown? You’ll ask me, won’t you? You won’t let anybody else do it?’ -Now if he had not been a child accustomed to free speech, he might have -taken that lady’s jest in earnest and have thrown the stone, which -would likely have missed its aim and done incalculable mischief. Mrs. -Gray would have quite forgotten her remark. Overwhelmed by his failure -and by censures unaccountable to him which would have fallen upon -him, he would, according to all the precedents of childish criminals, -have ‘reserved his defence,’ and he would have been set down as a -mischievous monkey, if not a malignant little wretch, for making such -return for pleasant hospitality.” - -“I suppose too,” said Lucy, “that every time we let a child talk a -matter out and help it to follow the explanations we give, we are -really unconsciously training its mind to think out things for itself, -and not to rest content at any point where it is not really satisfied.” - -“Exactly so,” answered Miss Foster. “The facts which a child learns are -always of little importance compared with the exercise of its mind in -grasping them. That is why learning anything by rote is useless save -as an exercise of memory, and that explains, too, why some people who -are said to have ‘no book-learning’ are far keener observers and arrive -at more judicious conclusions than do pedants. The plainer folk have -probably learned to use their minds upon the work of their hands. It is -with minds as it is with bodies: unless the digestion is in order, food -does not nourish, is not assimilated, and only results in disease. So -though there is more ‘knowledge’ in the world to-day than ever before, -and though it is more widely distributed, yet at every turn the public -mind—with its violent prejudices, its unreasonable fluctuations, and -its inability to look below any surface conclusions that are offered to -it—proves that the Hebrew prophet’s complaint ‘that the people do not -consider’ is as true as ever it was. Probably in face of present day -opportunities and issues it is even truer. I often think that it will -remain so till parents take more interest in their children’s society -before they are eight years old.” - -“I hear that many school children have so many home lessons that they -can’t have much time for home talk,” said Lucy. - -“That is so,” consented Miss Foster, “and in my opinion, during the -regular school age home lessons ought to be almost unknown. All the -time at home is needed for home society and home usefulness if the -child is to have a good all-round development. The worst cases I have -known of this kind of loss and defect have been among the children of -modish women, who had ‘social duties’ which they preferred to walking -out and talking with their little ones. If women can’t have patience -and pleasure in their own children, why should they expect it in their -nursemaids? And they don’t get it. I have often seen children dragging -along, silent, listless, gaping, with an irritable or indifferent -nurse, and a few minutes after I have met ‘mamma’ driving out to pay -her calls.” - -“I am always so sorry for widows who have to leave their children to -others simply that they may discharge other duties to their children -themselves,” observed Lucy. “A woman cannot at once play with her -babies and earn their bread. I’m afraid we don’t think enough about -the hardships which beset some lives. Perhaps they seldom press on our -attention till we feel a touch of them ourselves.” - -“I think a crèche is a very useful form of charity,” answered Miss -Foster, “provided that rules are carefully made not to encourage -married women to think of becoming wage-earners as if that was the -proper thing when their husbands can and should be working for them.” - -Lucy smiled a little sadly. - -“I am not thinking only of the class who can be helped by a crèche,” -she said. “I was thinking of another type of widowed women who uphold -their homes by being authors or artists, or by managing shops or -businesses. They are forced to leave their children so much under other -influences, and it is so sad if, after bravely playing a father’s part -for years, it ends in the disappointment of their mother-heart and the -frustration of their best hopes.” - -“Ay, I quite agree with you!” cried Miss Foster heartily, “and I -congratulate you warmly on being one of those whose light affliction, -lasting but a little while, suffices to open new and wider sympathies. -I hope you are always getting the best news of Mr. Challoner?” she -added. For Lucy had told the little teacher how she was placed at the -present time. - -“The very best of news, thank you,” Lucy answered. For Charlie’s ship -letter had been followed by others, posted at various ports, and all -telling the same good tidings of revived health and strength. Indeed, -the very last letter had hinted that the improvement was so marked and -so stable that Charlie was sorely tempted to shorten his absence and -return home by steamer. He wrote that he had suggested this to Grant, -who “seemed very much cut up about it, but had raised no difficulty.” - -In reply to that letter Lucy had written at once, urging her husband -not to think of such a thing. The better he was, the better reason was -there for carrying through the original plan. “Because the foundation -is so good, there is the brighter prospect in building on it,” she -said. And besides, Lucy confided to Charlie that Captain Grant’s wife, -in writing to her, had said that the fee for Charlie’s trip would just -enable her husband to pay off the last of his father’s debts, which he -had honestly taken upon himself. “And when they have brought us such -good luck in enabling you to take this voyage,” wrote Lucy, “we must -not spoil any good luck that our share in the matter may have brought -them. Let us be wise and patient,” wrote Lucy, crushing back a sneaking -hope that Charlie might even have started homeward before he could get -her reply to his letter. “In that case we must pay the Grants all the -same,” she reflected, “though I am afraid they would not take it.” Then -she proved to herself the sincerity of her counsels to Charlie by still -resolutely withholding the story of her domestic changes, which she -had meant to tell him at this time when she had pulled through so far. -But if she did so, it might add the last link to the yearning that was -pulling him home, and she would do nothing to strengthen a temptation -whose force was revealed in her own heart. - -She walked home rather soberly after her little conversation with the -Kindergarten mistress. Certainly it strengthened her in the resolutions -she had formed and had steadily carried out. But she could not refuse -to know that she was living under considerable strain. Her teaching -at the Institute was strenuous and exacting. Apart from the mental -exertion, she was on her feet all the time. By the time she reached -home, she was thoroughly exhausted, and was really fit for nothing but -a nap, or at least an afternoon’s repose on the sofa, half dreaming -over some simple book. But there could be no such rest for her. For -this was the only time when Hugh could have a walk, and so off they -went together. She often wondered whether he noticed that she was not -quite so lively as she used to be, not so ready for a run, or so good -at a game of ball. But a little child takes much on trust. Then they -came home to tea, which generally refreshed her considerably. After -that, Hugh sat at her side, with his bricks, his picture books, or his -“transparent slate,” while she did all the household mending. Jane -Smith never put a finger to this, not because she refused to do so, but -because when she attempted it on one occasion, she ruined a pair of -fine grey woollen hand-knitted stockings, by drawing a slightly-worn -heel together with coarse white worsted, showing that she had not the -most rudimentary idea of what darning should be. - -Now this is just the kind of household work for which it would be -a waste of time and power to hire help, especially in such a small -family. Then as the washing was no longer done at home, Lucy had -to prepare the account for the laundry, and to see that the things -were sent home correctly, which as they scarcely ever were, led to -correspondence and general worry. - -By the time all these inevitable little tasks were accomplished, it -was generally time for Hugh to go to bed. After that Lucy was free. Of -course, in the winter nights, painting was impossible. But through the -art dealers, Lucy had heard of an opening for pen-and-ink sketches, and -it was this eventide that she had hoped to give to this work. She could -reckon on about two hours’ solitude, and yet retire to rest early. -She soon found out, however, that leisure is of little avail for such -pursuits if energies and spirits are exhausted beforehand. - -Yet Jane Smith was the very last person with whom Lucy could relax her -vigilance in keeping Hugh to herself. She often shuddered to think -how, had Mrs. Morison’s fair appearances held out a little longer, she -might have been tempted to trust her boy with the nice motherly-looking -widow—a misplaced confidence which might have ended in a terrible -catastrophe. But Jane Smith offered no such temptation. She was so -plainly nothing but the common professional servant, who does her -work as well as any work can be done without genuine interest or any -sense of what is fitting or pretty. After she had spread a tablecloth -Mrs. Challoner generally had to straighten it; she drew the blinds up -askew; she never noticed when a stair-rod slipped from its socket. Lucy -herself always had to be watchful that clean sheets were well aired. -Once she found them put quite damp upon the beds. Pollie had always -fed the cat in the kitchen, and so had Mrs. Morison, and certainly the -poor animal had thriven well under her brief _régime_, till that day of -disgrace, when she dropped boiling gravy on it! But Lucy remarked that -pussy, who had always come upstairs for “company,” now often came up -mewing. Puss seemed getting thin, so Lucy took its meals into her own -care. She asked Jane Smith if she neglected her. Jane Smith said “No,” -but owned she “might have forgotten it sometimes.” - -That was Jane Smith all over. She took her wages and did her work, but -it was without any “head,” and also, Lucy was forced to admit, without -any heart. - -There was not much definite fault to be found with this Jane. The -kitchen was fairly clean and tidy; it had only ceased to look snug and -inviting. The public rooms were presentable—after Lucy had gone round -everywhere, shaking out a curtain here, removing a chair from grazing -the wall there, and lifting china bowls from perilous positions on the -very edge of a shelf. As for the bedrooms, Jane did not seem to know -how to make a bed comfortably, and did not seem able to learn. Lucy -generally had much adjustment to do before she could happily court -slumber. - -Still Jane carried on what may be called “the ruck” of household labour -after a fashion. Lucy did not dream of giving her notice to leave, not -being one of those mistresses with whom that possibility is for ever -present. Indeed with her strained nerves and strength it seemed really -far easier to supplement Jane’s perfunctory work than to entertain any -thought of once more facing change and a wrestle with the unknown. - -Jane’s lover, the young carpenter, came regularly once a week, and -stayed about two hours. Mrs. Challoner saw him once or twice, when -household business took her to the kitchen, during his visits. He -looked a dull, decent young man, with a shock of red hair and a smooth -boyish face. He sat close beside the fire, even when the spring -evenings had grown warm. Lucy addressed him with a cheerful “Good -evening,” and made one or two slight remarks about the weather, to -which he made little response save a movement of the lips, and a glance -towards the area-window. He did not rise when Lucy entered the kitchen, -but that rudeness seemed due only to shyness or slowness, for he always -rose a few minutes afterwards and remained standing for the rest of -her stay. Altogether, Lucy decided that he was not very bright; he was -by no means one of those young working men who come to the front at -evening colleges and clubs, and are the moving spirits of their trades’ -union. All the more, he seemed a fit enough match for Jane, who would -have been indeed a hopeless drag on the life of any rising man. - -Sitting in her dining-room, Lucy could hear through its floor the -sound of the voices in the kitchen, though the words, of course, were -inaudible. The conversation of these courting evenings did not seem -very lively. Jane said a few words, and the gruffer voice replied with -a monosyllable, and then there would be a long pause, and presently the -performance would be repeated. - -But one evening a week or two after Easter, the conversation seemed to -have grown much livelier. It was the man who had the most to say, and -he spoke faster and in a higher key than before. - -“Is he waking up at last?” thought unsuspicious Lucy, “or is it -possible that they have had a little tiff, and that he is defending -himself or scolding her? Perhaps he does not like her new bonnet.” - -For Lucy had seen Jane go out on the previous Sunday evening in fresh -and gorgeous spring attire, her neat brown dress and black jacket -crowned by an incompatible hat, round whose crown pink, green and blue -roses, feathers and rosettes “screamed” loudly at each other. Lucy had -thought to herself that her mother, in the old days, would at once have -“put her foot down” on such headgear, but Lucy’s own sense of fairness -rebelled against any arbitrary interference with a girl’s taste in -dress (when going about her own business) simply because the girl was -in her wage-paid service at other times. - -“I have seen Florence in hats I have liked as little, though they -were different,” thought Lucy. “I know many mistresses can’t bear -their servants to copy their style of dress—dear mother would have -regarded it as an unpardonable impertinence—but I should be only too -proud and happy if my servants would copy mine! Pollie was turning in -that direction—with just a few extra bows and flowers, and silk velvet -ribbon where I put modest braid!” - -But next week, when the courting evening came round, the hitherto -silent lover was again voluble. Even sounds of laughter arose—a thing -unprecedented! Lucy was always watchful to hear the kitchen door -close and the manly step mount the area steps at the precise hour she -had named. She had never had any reason to complain on this score. -The carpenter had taken his departure with painful punctuality. But -to-night, the nearest church-clock chimed nine, and the chat in the -kitchen went gaily on. Presently Lucy looked at her watch—it was -half-past nine. She hated to begin fault-finding for any trifling -accidental lapse. Still it was time the supper-tray was brought up. - -She had her hand on the bell when there was quite a lively stampede -in the kitchen, the area door closed with a hilarious bang, fleet -feet mounted the area steps as if by two at a time, and the area gate -clanged to the sound of a merry whistle. - -Jane, with the supper-tray, seemed more alert than usual, almost -officious in her endeavour to do of her own accord little things of -which Mrs. Challoner generally had to remind her. - -Next week, when the same evening came round, and the kitchen voices -were again audible, it chanced that Lucy found she had left her -housekeeping book on the kitchen dresser. She thought to herself that -she would not ring for it, but would fetch it herself, and so take -opportunity of keeping in touch with the domestic idyll whose new -developments were beginning to interest her. - -But when she opened the kitchen door she started and almost cried out. - -(_To be continued._) - - - - -HOUSEHOLD HINTS. - - -UNDER no circumstances whatever should bread be thrown away. Some -can be baked hard in the oven, and then crushed with a rolling-pin -and put away in a glass bottle or tin to use when frying chops or -fish. Delicious puddings can be made also by soaking stale bread and -crusts in milk, and beaten up when quite soft with eggs and mixed with -raisins, candied peel and some spice, and baked. These can be eaten -either hot or cold. - - -THIN clean paper should never be thrown away, but kept in a kitchen -drawer, for wiping out saucepans and frying-pans, and wiping butter off -knives, to save cloths being cut by the latter. - - -VERY early potatoes are often very unwholesome, having been forced by -the aid of chemicals and not grown naturally. - - -SEPARATE days should be arranged for cleaning the silver and brass -articles in a house, and separate cloths and dusters used for them. - - -A HARD broom should be kept in every coal-cellar to sweep up the loose -coal each time coal is fetched, otherwise it is taken up on the shoes -and carried over the house. - - -SOILED linen should never be kept in bedrooms, but in a basket outside -on a landing, or in the bath-room. - - -IT is a pity to throw away clean paper-bags. They should be kept -together and given to some small tradesman who will be glad to use them -again. Old newspapers should be given to some poor invalid who will be -glad of something to read, or sent to the workhouse or hospital. - - -THE plug in a lavatory basin should not be left out, as it is liable to -let sewer gas into the house. - - -FLOWERING plants and their seeds should be planted with the growing and -not with a waning moon. - - -AFTER cooking is done, the dampers of a kitchen range should be shut in -to save the coals. - - -CULTIVATE the grace of thoughtfulness for others. This is invaluable -in a household, and makes the wheels go round smoothly. Want of -consideration for others, and thoughtlessness, is the source of much -trouble. - - -GAME and fowl bones should never be given to pet dogs. They cannot -digest them, and such bones have been the cause of painful deaths. - - -A FRUITFUL source of friction between the servants of a household is -the unauthorised use of each other’s dusters, brooms, etc. To avoid all -such unpleasantness, the cook and housemaid should have a completely -independent and distinct set of things, and kept in different places; -they should also be of a different colour or pattern, so as to be -easily identified by the owners. The cloths should be returned clean -each week to whoever presides over the linen cupboard, and fresh ones -given out. It is bad economy and worse management to use the same -cloths over and over again. - -[Illustration] - - - - -SHEILA’S COUSIN EFFIE. - -A STORY FOR GIRLS. - -BY EVELYN EVERETT-GREEN, Author of “Greyfriars,” “Half-a-dozen -Sisters,” etc. - - -CHAPTER XII. - -A FAIR ISLAND. - -“Oh, how lovely!” cried Sheila. - -The glow of a golden sunset was on sea and shore, as the great vessel -rounded the corner and came into view of the harbour of Funchal. -The lonely Desertas to their left lay bathed in the reflected light -from the westering sun, whilst upon their right lay the fair island -of Madeira, its wild mountain range cleft with great ravines, and -dotted with innumerable quintas and little houses shining in a sort of -shimmering glory, the white city with its many buildings and spires -lying peacefully on the margin of the sea, the shore alive with little -boats, looking like so many caterpillars upon the green water as the -rowers pushed them outwards towards the great in-coming steamer. - -“Oh, Miss Adene, I am quite sorry the voyage is over; but how lovely -Madeira is!” - -“Yes, I told you you would be pleased! And see over yonder, beyond the -town, on that sort of promontory as it looks from here, that is the New -Hotel, where we are all going. It looks a little bare from here, but -the garden is a wilderness of flowers when we get there. It is the most -homelike hotel I was ever in, and I have had a good many experiences. -Yes, those boats are to take us off. We cannot get very close inshore. -The harbourage is not good, and in rough weather the mails have to -stand a good way out, and I have known passengers swung on board in -baskets by the steam-crane. But that is quite exceptional. Generally it -is like to-day, calm and quiet, and the boats take us off without any -trouble. Mr. Reid will come out in one, and take all trouble off our -hands. We just give him our keys and tell him the number of our boxes, -and he passes it through the Customs and brings it up, and we have no -sort of trouble at all.” - -Mrs. Cossart was very much relieved to find how easily everything was -done when once the kindly hotel proprietor came on board. She was able -to give her undivided care to Effie, whilst Sheila was running about -saying good-bye to captain, officers, and such passengers as were going -on to the Cape or the Canaries, and in the end found herself left -behind by that boat, and had to go ashore under Miss Adene’s wing, -which, however, troubled her no whit. - -“A bullock-cart! Oof! How perfectly delicious!” she cried, as they were -shown the conveyance in which they were to be carried to the hotel. -“Oh, you dear creatures! What sweet faces they have! Oh, I hope they -are kind to you! Miss Adene, isn’t it lovely to go in a bullock-cart? -Oh, I hope it is a long way!” - -“It takes about twenty minutes. You see, the bullies do not go very -fast,” laughed Miss Adene, as she took her place. “This is what we call -a carro; it has runners like a sledge instead of wheels. You see, all -the streets are paved with cobble-stones, so that the runners slide -easily along them; and it is the same everywhere in the island right up -into the hills; nothing but these paved roads for bullock carros, and -running carros, and sleds for carrying goods. But the mountain carros -are much lighter than these that they use in the town, or they could -not get them up the steep, steep roads.” - -Sheila was in an ecstasy as they went jogging along through the -quaint little town. She exclaimed with delight at everything she saw, -the little brown-legged, dark-eyed children, the women with shawls -over their heads, the little boys running with strange calls at the -heads of the bullocks, and, above all, at the gorgeous masses of the -flowering creepers which draped the walls of the houses and fell -in great curtains over the outside mirantes. Deep orange bignonia, -bougainvillia, purple and scarlet, delicate plumbago, with roses and -heliotrope in such masses that the eye was dazzled and the air heavy -with perfume. - -“I could not have believed it if I had not seen it!” cried Sheila again -and again. “And, oh, how hot and delicious it is! Effie must get well -here!” - -The New Hotel was a fine building, and there was pretty little Mrs. -Reid waiting smiling in the hall to give them a welcome. Miss Adene had -several kindly questions to ask, and went off with Mrs. Reid to the -suite of rooms which had been bespoken for the Dumaresqs, whilst Sheila -was handed over to the care of a tall, slight, ladylike girl, who took -her up and up to the rooms selected by Mrs. Cossart. - -“It is a long way up, but they thought the air would be fresher and the -rooms more quiet for the lady who is ill,” she explained; and Sheila, -to whom stairs were no trouble, was delighted. After all, it was only -on the second floor; only, the rooms being lofty, the journey seemed a -little long. - -“Oh, Effie,” cried Sheila, “what a splendid room! How high, and cool, -and delicious! Oh, I do like these white walls! And what views we get! -Oh, how I love those great, great wild mountains! And there is the dear -sea out of this one. It is nice to have two different views, and both -so lovely! Oh, how happy we shall be!” - -Effie was lying on the sofa, but she was looking interested and -animated. The maid passed in and out, looking about her, and keeping an -eye on her young charge. - -“Yes, I like being up here. I feel as though I could breathe. I was -afraid it might be too hot below. Father and mother have the room next -but one looking south over the sea, and Susan has the next one, though -it is big, so that we are all together. She may have to move when the -hotel fills up; but she is to be there now. I think I shall like this -place, Sheila; and the people seem so kind.” - -Kindness indeed seemed to prevail here. The Portuguese chambermaid, -in her odd, broken English, was wishful to know what kind of bedding -and pillows the ladies liked; and when she brought in anything asked -for, she would set it down with a beaming smile, saying, “Sank you, my -ladies.” The curly-haired waiter who brought up afternoon tea almost at -once was wishful to know what the ladies liked; and before long, Mrs. -Reid had come up to see if Effie were comfortable, and talk cheerfully -and kindly to her till called off in another direction. - -“I must just run down and round the garden!” cried Sheila, after they -had eagerly drunk their tea. “I wonder if I might bring you back some -flowers? If I see Mrs. Reid, I will ask her.” - -Mrs. Reid quite laughed at the question as Sheila passed her going out. - -“As many as ever you like. And take care not to slip on the pebbled -paths. People have got to get used to them.” - -Ronald was outside, and hailed Sheila eagerly. - -“Come along and let us explore!” he cried. “Give me your hand. These -cobbles are mighty slippery. They say gravel would be washed away by -the tropical showers even if they could get it. But it’s precious queer -walking down these steep places. One wants to be a bullock for that.” - -It was a strange, wild garden, with great palms growing in the beds, -and the walls of the terraces, for it was all more or less terraced -out of the face of the cliff, covered with curtains of creepers, most -of them a mass of bloom. Roses in sprays as long as your arm drooped -temptingly within reach, and the little heavy-scented gardenia filled -the air with fragrance. - -Sheila ran from place to place, exclaiming and admiring, glancing -with shy interest at other visitors strolling about, and making her -companion laugh again and again by her enthusiasm. - -“Oof, a tennis-court!” she cried, darting suddenly through an opening. -“Oh, did you ever see anything so lovely? It is like a Tadema picture!” - -It was rather, for the floor was of concrete, looking white in the -fading light, and there were stone seats all round it for spectators, -whiter still. All round a trellis had been placed, wired in against -balls, and this trellis was just one sheet of glorious colour. Curtains -of bougainvillia hung over at one place, at another heliotrope of roses -made a perfect screen, intermingled with scarlet geranium, poinsettia, -and plumbago. Through little gaps in this floral curtain, and through -vistas of palm and cactus beyond, could be caught glimpses of the blue -sea, and overhead the sky rose sapphire clear, with that peculiar -purity and depth of colour which characterises those latitudes. - -“Oh, isn’t it lovely?” cried Sheila in ecstasy. - -“Awfully pretty,” replied her companion, “though the floor might be -better for playing. There are some big cracks. Do you like tennis, Miss -Cholmondeley?” - -“Oof, yes!” cried the girl eagerly; “but I have not had much practice -this summer. Effie was ill, and I was not going to parties. Do you play -well, Mr. Dumaresq?” - -“No, not well according to the modern standard; but perhaps you will -condescend to play with me. But come along; I want to see what that -little building is up there. In there is the bungalow, a sort of -dependence of the hotel. The Reids offered it to us as an independent -home of our own, but as Guy is rather lame and weak, and we should have -to come up to the hotel for meals, we declined; there are too many -steps. But it is a pretty place; such a sheer drop to the sea below. It -must be like living in a ship’s cabin. Now I want to see how to get to -that other building. I think there’s a sort of a path round here. I’ve -a fancy it may be the billiard-room from my aunt’s description of the -place.” - -A billiard-room it was—half of it, at least; the other half was quite -empty save for a piano and some chairs round the walls. - -“It looks made for a dance!” cried Sheila, pirouetting round. “Are all -hotels as perfectly delightful as this?” - -The sun had just dipped behind the hills, and the shadows were coming -on apace. - -“I suppose it gets dark pretty soon here,” said Ronald. “Let us go back -to the house now. We must finish the garden to-morrow. There is plenty -more to see.” - -Sheila had sprays of roses and heliotrope in her hands as she ran -upstairs to Effie. A lamp had been brought in, and the big, lofty room -looked quite gay. - -“Oh, what roses!” cried Effie in real delight. “Aren’t they splendid? I -am going to like this place immensely, Sheila, and we have such a good -plan. Susan isn’t to have the big room next door; it’s to be turned -into a sitting-room for us. Mrs. Reid will get it done to-morrow, and -Susan will sleep in a little room close by; then this great turret -place will be all our own, and we can have our friends up to tea and -all that sort of thing. I want to get to know the Dumaresqs better. You -get on with them very well, don’t you, Sheila?” - -“They are very kind to me. I think they were sorry for me on ship-board -because I was alone at first. Lady Dumaresq is lovely, and the little -boy is so sweet, and Miss Adene has always been like a friend.” - -Effie was moving about the room a little restlessly. - -“I don’t quite know how it is—I suppose it’s being ill—but I don’t seem -to get on with people quite in the easy way you do, Sheila; but you -know at home, before I was ill, they all used to listen and laugh as -they do now to you. I don’t want to be left out in the cold.” - -“Oh, no!” cried Sheila eagerly, though with a slightly heightened -colour. Somehow she too had the feeling that people did not take very -much to Effie. They all asked kindly after her, but a little of her -conversation seemed to go a long way. - -Mrs. Cossart here came in to say that she would dine upstairs with -Effie, but that Sheila had better go down with her uncle. So Susan -was sent for to get at a dress, the luggage having arrived all safe, -and the girl was soon arrayed in a soft black net evening gown, very -simple, but very becoming, with a spray of white roses fastened upon -her shoulder. - -“Mind you tell me about all the people when you come back!” said -Effie, who was quite lively and bright in spite of the fatigues and -excitements of the day; and Sheila was all curiosity herself, for she -had never before stayed at a big hotel, and the novelty of the life -amused and interested her immensely. - -In the drawing-room there were a few old ladies and a couple of -gentlemen reading the paper. They did not look very amusing, Sheila -thought. Then the Dumaresqs came in, except Sir Guy, who was not well -enough to appear. But Lady Dumaresq looked bright and happy, confident -that the warmth and beauty about him would soon put him right. - -A gong sounded, and there was a move to the adjoining dining-room, -and Sheila found herself seated at a long table between her uncle and -Ronald Dumaresq, who coolly took possession of the empty seat laid for -Effie, whilst the other guests filed in, some to the long table, and -some to the small ones at the side, and the business of dinner began. - -Sheila was not hungry, but she enjoyed watching and listening. A rather -handsome lady opposite was making advances to their party with an air -of assurance and friendly patronage which rather amused Sheila. - -“A regular old hotel stager,” whispered Ronald to her in an aside, -“would know the sort anywhere. Keeps her husband in good order, one can -see. Rather a fine woman, but I don’t care for her style.” - -Then there were the usual habitués of a health resort—a wife with a -delicate husband, a husband with a delicate wife, a mother with a -little asthmatic boy (who would have been better in bed at such an -hour), a few travellers bent on pleasure and relaxation rather than -health. Sheila tried to piece histories on to the different faces, and -Ronald made some comical remarks and shrewd guesses. But the party was -not large for the size of the hotel. The season was quite early. It was -not often so full as this till after Christmas. A rather wet summer and -the threatened outbreak of influenza had frightened a good many people -off before the usual time. - -“I think I’m glad of it,” said Sheila. “It is such fun watching them. -They are all rather quiet now, but I suppose they will make more noise -when they get to know each other.” - -“We must try and set a good example,” answered Ronald. “Now come on to -the verandah outside and see the moonlight on the sea.” - -The covered verandah outside the drawing-room, with its comfortable -chairs and lounges, was quite an institution at the New. Although on -the entrance side the drawing-room appeared a ground-floor room, from -the verandah one looked right down over the terraced garden with a -sheer drop on to the next level of twenty or thirty feet. The view over -the harbour was lovely, the town lights and those of the ships gleaming -out in the soft darkness. - -“There goes the _Plymouth Castle_,” said Ronald, pointing out the -vanishing lights of the great steamer. Sheila waved her hand in a -parting salutation. - -“Good-bye, dear old ship. I liked being on you very much, but I don’t -want to be on you now, for you have brought us to the most charming and -delightful place. Oh, how happy I am going to be here!” - -(_To be continued._) - - - - -FROCKS FOR TO-MORROW. - -BY “THE LADY DRESSMAKER.” - - -[Illustration: THE TUNIC SKIRT.] - -Our sketches of to-day’s fashions in our present issue are so -absolutely true to life that there is no difficulty in guessing the -nature of the frocks for to-morrow. As will be gathered from them, we -are quite out of date if we be fat; therefore, if ambitious of shining -in the world of dress, we must begin to reduce our size at once. Have -you noticed, as I have, how much the number of fat women is decreasing? -Perhaps, after a time, they will be a marvellous exception, and we -shall notice them just as we notice sloping shoulders and attenuated -waists; to both of which our immediate forbears were addicted. The -waists of the present day seem generally in excellent proportion, and -for this we have to thank our adoption of the bicycle, on which the -corset cannot be worn, or, at least, very short ones, and not at all -tight. In one way, at least, we need improvement, and that is in our -carriage, for in that so many women and girls fail. They stoop from the -neck, or from the waist, and slouch along in a most ungraceful way. - -I must begin with a few notes on underclothing. So far as I can see, -the petticoat bodice is very little worn; most ladies seem to prefer -having the bodice fitted over the corset, and wearing it in that -manner, the corset itself being worn over the petticoat. The only -drawback to this is that the dress-bodice would so speedily become -soiled at the back of the neck. So I think one of those pretty muslin -under-bodices, which are cut in Bolero style, and trimmed with lace, -would be the best thing to prevent it. I have lately found some very -good and well-woven cotton combinations, which ranged in price from 1s. -9d. up to 4s. and 5s. They are more economical wear than either woollen -or silk ones, and entail less risk of catching cold than either. They -wash well, and are very well-fitting. I find this woven underclothing, -either as combinations or vests, is more used than anything else. -Indeed, one could fancy as much from the enormous supply laid in at the -shops, of every material, size, and colour. Many of them are so thin -that they will hardly bear washing. - -In the way of petticoats, we have an unlimited choice, and a vast -improvement in the cut and manufacture, as well as in the material. The -fashionable colour of the season for them is pink—a bright and rather -violent shade, but it looks well with most things, especially black. -The new moreens of the present season are of such a good description -that they are almost like a watered silk, and they quite rustle like -one. They have, however, rather changed their names, and they are -called by some Marshallette, or watered woollen moirés. - -The new collars for our dresses are, most of them, very high indeed, -and pointed up to the ears at each side. The swathing of the neck with -lace and the high collars make everyone look very much covered up -indeed, and as the season progresses it will be very hot. There are -all kinds of boas made, and they appear to be the only season’s wear. -These boas are made of feathers—ostrich, of course—in black, white, -grey, and black and white mixed; in silk, lace, fringe, in chiffon of -all colours, silk muslin, spotted nets, and gauzes, the spotted nets -being, I think, the prettiest, though, of course, the most perishable. -Although they are so expensive, everyone seems to find money to -purchase them, and some few girls manage to find out the way to make -them for themselves. - -Where skirts are concerned, we appear to have no choice but to make -them quite tight-fitting about the hips, and they must flow out about -them; but we need not quite adopt the eel-skin skirt, for there are -several shapes from which we can make our choice. First, there is the -old umbrella skirt, as it used to be called, which is cut without -seams, and from material wide enough to cut it without any join, save -the one. Then there is a skirt cut in the same manner, with a join -up the back, and then a skirt with two widths, one of which is very -wide and the other narrow. This seems to be the most popular, as it is -more easy to fit. The last skirt that I have seen is one with three -widths, the front one being narrow and the other two wide, meeting in -the centre of the back in a bias seam. This, I am told by a first-rate -dressmaker, is the best skirt-pattern for very thin people, who are -gifted with big hips, however, and who are tall. - -I am bound to notice the extravagances of fashion, so I must tell you -that if you have not enough width of hips to make your dress look -well, you can make up the deficiency by purchase; and a large drapery -firm in the West End was exhibiting a few days ago the necessary -framework in their windows. But it does not do always to trust to such -machinery _pour se faire belle_, as I must tell you also that they -sometimes get out of place, and then you have hips where you do not -want them! I heard this funny story told the other day, but I cannot -vouch for its truth, though I think the foolish people who adopt such -things would deserve to be made ridiculous. - -There is one great comfort in the midst of the frills and furbelows -of fashion, that we may be quite as fashionable, and twice as happy, -if we elected to stick to our coats and skirts and our pretty blouses -of cotton and muslin. The newest ones of this year are really quite -tight-fitting bodices. They are not gathered at the shoulder seams nor -at the neck, and they are cut so tightly to the figure that they allow -of next to no fulness at the waist, which makes them sit in a far more -tidy and neat way. They are all made with yokes at the back, and they -have generally a very tight bishop’s sleeve. - -The tunic, or, as perhaps you may hear it called, and more usually -so, the double skirt, as they are really only modifications of each -other, looks as if it had come to take up its abode with us, having -been threatened for a long time. We have illustrated two or three of -the most popular, which are undoubtedly the ones with points which -fall nearly to the hem. Besides this there is a very long all-round -tunic, the edges of which are scallopped, and fall very low on the -under-skirt. As all our gowns are made much too long, and must be held -up, this is the most uncomfortable shape of all. - -Perhaps the greatest change of the year has taken place in the -sunshades, which are striped in various and wonderful ways, and some -surprising colours. As to the embroideries, chiffons, laces, and -ornaments lavished on them, they are so many I have no room to describe -them. The latest I have seen was of chiffon, embroidered in straw; and -on another I counted sixteen rows of gathered baby-ribbon in three -colours, the foundation being in green satin. - -[Illustration: A CLOTH GOWN.] - -Our first group of three figures shows, as we have already said, three -varieties of the tunic. The gown on the extreme left is of heliotrope -canvas, over white silk. It has a pointed tunic, trimmed with white -silk, or satin, ribbon, or tucking. The same is placed in rows on the -top of the sleeves, and there are rows of heliotrope satin on the -collar and on the edge of the skirt. This is a very pretty and girlish -gown, which could be carried out in any thicker material if desired. -The figure on the right hand side wears a gown of plain grey alpaca, -with an under-dress of a crimson-figured poplin, which has rows of -narrow black velvet round the edge. The tunic is also trimmed with rows -of black velvet, with cream lace, and the bodice has a white satin -yoke, with a front of crimson and trimmings of black velvet also, with -double revers, which fold back. The hat is of the new boat shape, and -has three ostrich feathers in it. These are very much uncurled, as it -is no longer the fashion to curl them very tightly, and the stem must -show down its entire length. They are often of shaded colours, and are -of moderate length. - -[Illustration: TWO CAPES AND HATS.] - -The centre figure wears a very smart gown in muslin, with flowers, the -colour being blue, in shades. It is made up over blue. There are three -scalloped flounces, and a tunic, which are edged with blue velvet, and -a tiny lace. The bodice has revers of cream-coloured chiffon, and there -are frills of the same at the side front, and the waist-band is of -heliotrope velvet, and is very narrow. - -The charming figure in a fawn cloth tailor-made gown wears one of the -rather long and rounded jackets. The trimmings consist of rows of -satin ribbon and cream lace, three rows of which go round the skirt -and jacket. The front is of white satin and cream lace, and the collar -has rows of satin on it to correspond. These narrow satin ribbons and -tuckings, made of silk and satin, are the special trimmings of the -year, and they seem quite ubiquitous, and look so pretty that we have -not got tired of them yet. - -There are so many muslins—organdies, and the ordinary corded ones—that -it is quite a muslin year, and the lace and narrow ribbons used on them -are enormous in amount. Lawn of the same colour is generally used for -the linings if you do not choose to afford silk. A fine sateen will -also answer. - -Our third drawing shows two pretty hats and two of the most fashionable -capes, which still contrive to hold their own in the dress of the -present season. The figure on the left wears a short cape of heliotrope -silk, tucked and trimmed with frills of white chiffon, and it has one -of those stoat fronts, which are quite new this year. The cape to the -right is of grey satin, with pointed fronts, and a large collar of -white satin, with front revers of the same. The whole is edged with a -_ruche_ of black chiffon. The hat is of the new Cavalier shape, with -feathers and a buckle. - -The prettiest change of the year is in the sailor hats, which are now -trimmed and made to look quite different from the plain and useful -things they used to be. A white one that I saw the other day had six -rows of narrow velvet ribbon at equal distances round the crown, and -a rosette of the same at the right side. Another had a wide band of -red velvet on it, with an upstanding spray of cherries at the side, -and bows of red velvet mixed in with them. Both were to be worn with -washing veils. - - - - -VARIETIES. - - -A SUFFICIENT REASON. - -_Author:_ “But why do you charge me more for printing this time than -usual?” - -_Publisher:_ “Because the compositors were constantly falling asleep -over your novel.” - - -LIVING HAPPILY TOGETHER.—A few more smiles of silent sympathy, a few -more tender words, a little more restraint on temper, may make all the -difference between happiness and half-happiness to those we live with. - - -FRIENDSHIP. - - Well-chosen friendship, the most noble - Of virtues, all our joys makes double - And into halves divides our trouble. - - _Denham._ - - -HOW THEY CLOSED THE DAY. - -When Dr. Walsham How was rector of Whittington, an old woman, on the -occasion of his first visit, said to him— - -“The old man and me, sir, never go to bed without singing the Evening -Hymn. Not that I’ve any voice left, for I haven’t, and as for him, he’s -like a bee in a bottle, and then he don’t humour the tune, for he don’t -rightly know one tune from another, and he can’t remember the words, -neither, so when he leaves out a word I puts it in, and when I can’t -sing I dances, and so we get through it somehow.” - - -SHOWING AND SEEING.—Behaviour is a mirror in which everyone shows and -might see her own image.—_Goethe._ - - -MENTAL EXERTION. - -A lady took her Irish maid to task for carelessness and forgetfulness. -“Why is it, Mary,” said she, “that you keep on making the same mistakes -over and over again? Why don’t you try to remember what I tell you?” - -The day happened to be very warm, so Mary returned the quaint reply, -“Sure, ma’am, I can’t be aggravatin’ me moind this hot weather.” - - -CONSOLATION.—There never was a night which was not followed by a -morning, nor a winter which was not succeeded by a summer. A most -consoling reflection, this, to those distressed in the night and winter -of spiritual trial and trouble. - - - - -COURTESY. - -BY ELIZABETH A. S. DAWES, M.A., D.Lit. - - “_Plus fait douceur que violence._”—_La Fontaine_, vi. 3. - - “A beautiful behaviour is better than a beautiful form; it gives a - higher pleasure than statues and pictures; it is the finest of the - fine arts.”—_Emerson._ - - * * * * * - -I have chosen “courtesy” as the subject of my little address this -time, as it is a virtue which is perhaps somewhat in danger of being -forgotten and overlooked in these modern days of continual hurry -and bustle; and yet it forms such an essential part of a beautiful -character that nobody can justly claim the title of “gentleman” or -“gentlewoman” if he or she neglects the practice of it, which is, too, -the opinion of our Shakespeare, for he writes, “We must be gentle now -we are gentlemen” (_Winter’s Tale_, v. 2). - -The derivation of the word, which really means the manners and -behaviour to be observed at a royal court, is neatly given by Spenser -in his _Faerie Queene_, Book vi. 1. - - “Of _court_, it seems, men _courtesie_ do call, - For that it there most useth to abound; - And well beseemeth, that in princes hall - That vertue should be plentifully found, - Which of all goodly manners is the ground - And root of civil conversation”; - -and Milton likewise says that “_courtesy_ was first named in _courts_ -of princes.” And as an example of a prince who practised this virtue -we may quote from an old memoir about Henry VIII., “We cannot omit -to observe this _courtly_ (shall I call it?) or good quality in him; -that he was _courteous_, and did seem to study to oblige.” However, -the English girls of to-day need not look far for the pattern of a -perfectly gracious and courteous woman, for who fulfils this ideal -better than her Gracious Majesty, Queen Victoria? Who better known than -she for the courteous message of thanks to her troops when they have -nobly done their duty, or for the quick expression of sympathy to the -suffering victims of an accident or some personal bereavement? - -Then for a definition or short explanation of what _courtesy_ is we -cannot do better than turn to _The Greatest Thing in the World_. Here -on p. 26 we learn that courtesy is an ingredient of Love, that it is -“Love in Society, Love in relation to Etiquette,” and has been defined -as “love in little things”; in a word it is the quality denoted by the -sentence, “Love doth not behave itself unseemly.” From these words -we can also gather the reason why we should all show courtesy, for, -as it is one of the components of love, and Christ said that all His -disciples were to be distinguished from the rest of the world by their -love for another, we shall not be true followers of Christ, or have -a really beautiful character, if we omit any part of love; just as a -beautiful mosaic could never be otherwise than imperfect, if, though -complete in all other respects, the stones of one certain colour were -everywhere missing. - -It must also be remembered that a courteous behaviour should be worn -always and everywhere, and not only put on like a grand robe for state -occasions, for courtesy is “a happy way of doing things, and should -adorn even the smallest details of life, and contribute to render -it as a whole agreeable and pleasant.” Hence, first and foremost, -courtesy should be practised in the home by the children both towards -their parents and towards each other. This is a matter which merits -more attention and thought than is generally given to it, for by a -courteous manner and a gentle tongue, more influence in the government -of others is often attained than by qualities of greater depth and -substance. Now woman, not man, is the true home-maker, therefore girls -should take great pains to be courteous, and thus by their gentleness -lead and direct the perhaps rude and selfish brother who will probably -unconsciously sooner or later imitate and adopt his sister’s gracious -ways. A sweet-tongued gentle maiden cannot fail to render the home, -be it a poor or rich one, both pleasant and dear to her brothers and -sisters. And then to parents how far more gentle and courteous we -all should be than we are. It has been well said that a blessing is -never fully realised until it is lost, and so I fear we hardly any of -us realise clearly and distinctly to ourselves how much our parents, -especially our dear mothers, do and suffer for us until the day comes -when we know what it is to be without them. - -Dr. Miller, in his book _The Building of Character_, which I should -earnestly recommend every girl to read, says, “Wherever else we may -fail in patience, it should not be in our own homes. Only the sweetest -life should have place there. We have not long to stay together, and -we should be patient and gentle while we may.” And to enforce this -teaching, he quotes one of the tenderest little poems ever written, and -of which I subjoin a couple of verses:— - - “The hands are such dear hands; - They are so full; they turn at our demands - So often; they reach out - With trifles scarcely thought about; - So many times they do - So many things for me, for you, - If their fond wills mistake, - We may well bend—not break. - - They are such fond frail lips, - That speak to us. Pray, if love strips - Them of discretion many times, - Or if they speak too slow or quick, such crimes - We may pass by; for we may see - Days not far off when those small words may be - Held not so slow or quick, or out of place, but dear, - Because the lips are no more here.” - -Further, a courteous manner should be used towards the servants, orders -given politely and unnecessary troubling of them avoided; for instance, -lying late in bed, though intensely pleasant, often necessitates the -disarrangement of the servants’ morning work, for which the delinquent -herself will perhaps blame them later in the day. - -At _school_, again, how many “open doors” are there for doing little -courtesies to mistresses and schoolfellows, and for aiding to maintain -the peace and harmony both in class-room and playground by a gentle -look or word, and for the “soft answer which turneth away wrath,” and -stays the rising quarrel. The girl who will be most beloved, and -who will have the best influence in a school, is undoubtedly she who -is ever ready with a pleasant smile to play with the little ones, -to say a kind word to another when in trouble, and who shows by her -whole behaviour that she wishes to make those around her happy and -comfortable. Then on those days of discouragement, when, in spite of -all endeavours, the lessons are not well known, and it seems useless -to go on trying to do as well as the other girls, or when, perchance, -unmerited blame or irritating teasing has unnerved and tired you, -how you welcome the friend who, without being told, knows how “wrong -everything is going,” and with gentle loving words strives to cheer -you, and bids you take heart again and bravely return to the fight. - -If we look at the reverse of the picture and contemplate the -discourteous girl, be it at home or at school, we cannot fail to -observe how many opportunities she loses of giving pleasure. She may -come down to breakfast, and just mutter a “Good morning” and omit -the morning kiss; during the day she may never notice how often she -might fetch something for her mother or mistress, jump up or open the -door for somebody with their hands full, or try to subdue her loud -boisterous laughing or talking in a room where others are busy reading -or writing—she will also pass in and out of a door in front of her -elders, pay little attention to the wants of her neighbours at table; -in short, she will not increase in any way the pleasantness of her -surroundings. - -A word of warning, too, must be given to those girls who, with the best -of intentions to try and do right and help others, make the mistake -through their very excess of zeal of directing or correcting others -in a rough, brusque way, and perhaps enforce their words by a not too -gentle push or shove! These must read La Fontaine’s fable of _Phoebus -and Boreas_, or _The Sun and the Northwind_, and see how the north -wind, for all his violent blowing, could not divest the traveller of -his cloak, whereas the sun by the influence of his gentle warming rays -soon accomplished that in which the rough blasts of Boreas had failed. -And if they follow the teaching of this fable, they will soon see how -much more the gentle word accomplishes than the rough one. - -And now to close, I would like to ask you, who read these few remarks -of mine, to endeavour to put more gentleness and courtesy in your -dealings with other people than you have done heretofore; for in all -of us there is always room for improvement, and there is not one of -us surely but must admit that we often leave little courtesies undone -and little gentle words unsaid. Courtesy is like the drop of oil that -enables machinery to work noiselessly and smoothly, for it lessens the -jars and friction of life and the consequent worry and fretfulness. -Little things make or mar the peace of life, therefore exhibit courtesy -which is “Love in little things,” and you will gain the gratitude and -esteem of those around you, and carry away in your minds these lines of -Lord Houghton, and never, if you can avoid it, lose an opportunity of -putting them into practice— - - “An arm of aid to the weak, - A friendly hand to the friendless, - _Kind words, so short to speak, - But whose echo is endless:_ - The world is wide—these things are small, - They may be nothing, but they are All.” - - - - -THINGS IN SEASON, IN MARKET AND KITCHEN. - -BY LA MÉNAGÈRE. - - -Glorious June! Can anyone complain of a lack of the least good thing? -Rather we have _un embarras de richesse_; so much so, indeed, that -we hardly know what to select for our typical _menu_. Look at the -vegetable market, for instance. See the piles of snowy cauliflowers, -the crisp cabbages and spinach, the quantities of salad stuffs, -cucumbers, spring carrots and turnips, asparagus, artichokes, peas -and French beans, while the very potatoes look attractive. Then see -the fruit, the ever-welcome green gooseberries, strawberries, early -raspberries, and ripe cherries galore. The fruiterers have golden -apricots, nectarines, custard apples, and many other luscious things. -The fishmongers are showing plovers’ eggs in their little nests of -moss, the pinkest of prawns and crabs, scarlet lobsters in a garnish -of parsley, magnificent salmon, salmon-trout, speckled trout, and -beautiful fine soles, with mackerel that glisten like the whitebait. - -Game is, of course, of no account now; but young chickens are coming to -the fore, and pigeons are excellent, so also are the plovers. - -Then look at the wealth of June blossom that is poured into the market. -Can anything surpass the beauty of these roses? Lilies and hydrangeas, -snowy narcissi, gorgeous tulips, iris, and peonies, and if you can find -a sweeter or a more splendid flower than a blush peony of the Dutch -variety, you will be clever indeed. Sweet mignonette, sweet peas, and -still sweeter pinks, make the air quite heavy with their fragrance. -Then we have quantities of beautiful grasses, mosses, ferns, and -foliage plants here for all sorts of purposes, for June is the harvest -month of the floral decorator. Dinners, balls, receptions, weddings, at -homes—all make great demand on the markets this month. - -The place of game at fashionable dinners is taken by plovers’ eggs, -or by an aspic jelly. As the eggs are usually sold ready boiled, and -require no accompaniment, we may leave them without further remark; but -it might be useful here if we considered the making of a simple aspic -jelly such as could be manufactured by the home cook. - -_Aspic Jelly._—Get a knuckle-bone of veal and one of ham and crack -them in pieces. Put with them a large onion, with two cloves, a large -carrot, a bunch of savoury herbs, and two quarts of water. Let these -simmer gently in a brown stone jar for several hours, then strain off. -To a pint of this stock (which should be perfectly clear) add one -ounce of Swinborne’s isinglass previously soaked in cold water, also -a teaspoonful of salt, a little pepper, a tablespoonful of tarragon -vinegar; and then a wineglassful of strong sherry. Stir over the fire -until it nearly boils, then break into the liquor the whites of two -eggs and the shells, stir well, and draw to the side of the fire; let -it simmer for a quarter of an hour, then strain through a jelly-bag -three or four times until it is perfectly clear. Keep the mould in a -very cold place until it is wanted. The quart should make two moulds of -jelly. A good jelly will keep for some time, and is often most useful -for an invalid. - -An aspic of game or poultry makes an excellent luncheon dish, and will -prove an easy and dainty way of serving up the remains of cold poultry, -etc. - -Pour some ready-made aspic jelly into the bottom of a plain round mould -which has been wetted with cold water. Next make a layer of stars and -diamonds from the white and yellow of a hard-boiled egg, a few fine -sprigs of parsley, and the red part of a cold tongue here and there. -Let this set, then lay on thin slices of cold fowl and ham, leaving -plenty of space to run more jelly in between. Fill the mould up to the -top with jelly, then put it away to set. When quite stiff turn it out -on to a dish. - -Suppose that for our June _menu_ we take the following: - - Bisque of Crab. - Devilled Whitebait. - Grenadines of Veal. Jardinière Sauce. - Aspic Jelly. - Saddle of Lamb. French Beans. - Gooseberry Tart. - Cream Cheese. Oaten Wafers. Coffee. - -_Bisque of Crab._—Wash well in several waters half a pound of the -best rice, put it into a saucepan with a quart of the best clear -white stock, and add a little milk. Add also an onion, a small piece -of cinnamon, a little salt and pepper and a good bit of butter. Let -the rice simmer a long while, then add to it the pith from the body -of a freshly-boiled crab, and another pint of milk or stock. Rub all -carefully through a sieve, then pour it into a stewpan with the flesh -from the claws torn into flakes, add a teaspoonful of the essence of -anchovies, a teaspoonful of arrowroot dissolved in a little milk, and a -few drops of cochineal to deepen the colour. At the last moment, before -serving, after the soup has boiled up once, add a small cupful of hot -cream. - -_Devilled Whitebait._—To fry whitebait a good depth of clear frying fat -is needed, and a frying basket in which the fish can all be plunged -into the fat at once. They should be carefully wiped, then lightly -shaken in a well-floured cloth, just so as to coat them sufficiently. -Plunge into boiling fat for about three minutes, then withdraw them -from the fat, sprinkle them with black and red pepper, return to the -pan for another minute, then drain and serve on a napkin with fried -parsley as a garnish. Send quarters of lemon and brown bread and butter -to table with them. - -_Grenadines of Veal, Jardinière Sauce._—A slice of the best lean -fillet of veal, about two-thirds of an inch thick, should be shaped -into small pieces, and then dipped into beaten egg and into a mixture -of breadcrumbs, minced ham and seasoning. Fry these carefully on both -sides to a light brown, then put between two plates and stand in a hot -oven. - -For the sauce take a pint of stock, and one onion, a large carrot, -a turnip, a few French beans, a few peas, and any other available -vegetable. Mince these finely and evenly, fry them in dripping, drain -and add to the stock. Thicken this with a spoonful of potato flour, and -season highly. Boil gently for a while, then pour in the centre of a -hot dish and set the grenadines around the edge. Let boiled potatoes -(small ones) accompany this dish. - -The saddle of lamb should be simply roasted and served with its own -gravy; the French beans boiled first, then sautéd, in butter with -chopped parsley, and potatoes, if liked, treated the same way. Pass -mint sauce around as well. - -Cream should accompany the gooseberry tart, and strawberries with cream -might appear at the same time, or in lieu of the tart as preferred. - -A roast duck and green peas might take the place of the saddle of lamb, -according as means and circumstances permit. - - - - -OLD ENGLISH COTTAGE HOMES; - -OR, - -VILLAGE ARCHITECTURE OF BYGONE TIMES. - - -PART IX. - -There is a kind of cottage, chiefly found in the North of England, but -also not unfrequently to be seen in the western and central counties; -it is constructed entirely of stone or granite. The mullions of the -windows, “dressings” of the gables, doorways, and sometimes the walls -themselves, are built in “ashlar.” “Ashlar,” in England, means stone -brought to a smooth surface, not only on face but round the sides as -well. Now this is rather important for all who are engaged in building -operations, because “ashlar” means a different thing in England from -what it does in other parts of the United Kingdom. In Ireland, for -instance, “ashlar” means stones brought to a smooth surface in front -alone, the edges being left irregular, and if you require them to be -cut smooth and squared at the edges, you have to specify that they -shall have “even beds and joints.” - -A curious trial occupied the Irish Law Courts for many weeks some -time back. An English architect and an Irish builder were engaged -in erecting an important edifice in Ireland. The architect in his -specification stipulated “ashlar” for the frontage of the structure. -The builder carried it out in the English manner and then sent in -a heavy bill of extras for “beds and joints.” This was opposed by -the architect on behalf of his clients. At the trial all the Irish -witnesses maintained that the builder was right, and all the English -that he was wrong. The judge and jury became thoroughly puzzled, and -could not understand the disputed point, as evidently both sides were -perfectly sincere. At last the judge, perfectly bewildered, appealed to -a very eminent counsel who was engaged, and said to him— - -“Mr. ——, can you explain what all this means? We have been for some -days listening to the apparently endless dispute about ‘beds and -joints.’” - -“Well, my lord, I can only suggest that it must be in some way -connected with a question of _board and lodging_,” answered the counsel. - -The matter remains unsettled, I believe, to this day. Of course we use -the word “ashlar” in its English signification. - -In addition to all the northern counties stone cottages are found in -Derbyshire, Warwickshire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire, Monmouthshire, -Oxfordshire, Somersetshire, Dorsetshire, Devonshire, and Sussex. - -They are usually very solidly built, and, though they present sometimes -a stern and severe aspect, they are well suited to a rough climate, as -they are warm and comfortable, and so substantial that they can resist -the floods which often inundate mountainous districts. The group of -cottages which we sketched some years back at Glossop, in Derbyshire, -bore up against a singularly severe catastrophe. The little mountain -stream shown in the foreground was dammed by a very solid earthwork -higher up the valley so as to form a reservoir. During a terrible storm -of wind and rain the dam was swept away, and the vast torrent of water -poured down the valley, sweeping everything before it, and completely -submerging the lower part of the village. The old stone houses shown in -our drawing were flooded to their upper storey. A man who described the -occurrence to us said— - -“It was all so sudden-like. I heard a loud roar, followed by a rushing -noise, which made the house seem to rock. I jumped out of bed and found -myself up to my knees in water. I got my wife and children to stand -upon the table and chairs, while I tried to find out what was going on, -half expecting that the old house would come down, but it stood like a -rock; and when the water subsided, it was as good as ever, though some -of the modern houses were reduced to ruin.” - -[Illustration: LOOSE STONE AND PEAT COTTAGE, SCOTLAND AND N. ENGLAND.] - -These stone cottages, with their heavy mullioned windows and -low-pitched gables, continued to be built down nearly to the end of -the last century. Of course, they must have been expensive; but their -durability seems to prove that the extra outlay was, in the end, true -economy. Artistically, they appear well suited to their bleak grey -surroundings. These great, wild woodlands, interspersed with shapeless -and fantastic rocks and strange-looking bowlders, swept by howling -winds, so that no tree can lift its head save under shelter of the -hillside, are not so unkindly as they seem. - -[Illustration: STONE COTTAGES, GLOSSOP, DERBYSHIRE.] - -We once knew a beautiful and delicate girl who had to leave London and, -with her parents, live in one of these wild-looking districts. After -a short time she grew strong and still more beautiful. Later on she -married, and went with her husband to live in a southern land under the -influence of a more genial climate. But, alas, it proved less friendly -to her than the rugged North, for within six months she died. Three -days before this sad event she said to her husband— - -“If I could only feel the wind over the great moor I think I could -live.” - -He would have given all he possessed to save her, but the doctors -assured him that she would certainly die on the journey. Health is -often to be found in these rugged stone houses of the North country, -stern and sombre as they look when compared with the cheerful -half-timber cottages of the South. - -In some out-of-the-way districts of Northern England, Scotland, and -Ireland, cottages are built of “loose stone”—_i.e._, stones fitted -together without mortar, and are thatched with peat. Sometimes the -angle-stones, window and door openings, have mortar joints, the rest -being left open. In all stone counties of England walls constructed -in this manner divide the fields instead of hedgerows, the top row of -stones being fastened together with mortar when the wall is more than -breast high. This is a very ancient method of building, and is found in -almost every country of the world. - - H. W. BREWER. - -(_To be continued._) - -[Illustration] - - - - -“MY FAVOURITE CONTRIBUTORS” COMPETITION. - - -PRIZES OF ONE GUINEA. - - Jessie Offin, Loughton, Essex. - “Christabel,” Poole, Dorset. - “Pansy,” Beverley, East Yorkshire. - “Rose,” North Muir, Forfar. - “Wild Orchid,” Croydon Grove, Croydon. - Agnes Ward Strong, Moseley, Birmingham. - Nellie Turner Godfrey, Redhill, Surrey. - Ada Alice Gaze, Norwich. - Emma Elizabeth Epps, Redhill, Surrey. - Elizabeth Kerr, Port Charlotte, Islay, N.B. - - -PRIZES OF HALF-A-GUINEA. - - Edith Mary Foyster, Brentwood, Essex. - Félicie Buisseret, Namur, Belgique. - Evelyn Agnes Forster, Crowthorne, Berkshire. - Edith K. Ellis, Highgate. - Florence Marie Benton, Swavesey, Cambs. - Lilian Grundy, Lynwood, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire. - M. Evangeline Hulse, Carlisle. - “Modest Violet,” New Whittington, Chesterfield, Derbyshire. - Mary Agnes Parker, Peterborough, Northampton. - Agnes Mary Vincent, Warwick Square. - - -HONOURABLE MENTION. - -Mabel Jenks, Cambridge; E. Flesch, Brünn, Mähren; Gwendoline Doughty, -St. Leonards, Bridgenorth, Salop; Kate Kelsey, Crossleigh, Montpelier, -Bristol; “A grateful old woman,” Ballymena, Ulster, Ireland; Millicent -H. Warwick, Manchester; Mary Adèle Venn, West Kensington Park, W.; -Helen Elizabeth Howitt, Dunoon-on-Clyde; A. Park Pearson, Halifax; -Laura Buck, Potters Road, New Barnet; Alice Dunn, Brisbane, Queensland. - - * * * * * - - -REPORT. - -From the time our first competition was announced until now, it has -been a real pleasure to look over the papers sent in by our readers, -who seem always to have understood the spirit and object of the various -competitions we have placed before them and to have entered into them -enthusiastically and naturally. The consequence is that their papers -have been full of interest and instruction as to matters we never could -have learned by books or by travel. The barrier behind which thousands -of lives are lived could never have been broken down but for the ready -help of the girls themselves. Their papers have made our views of life -broader, they have evoked sympathy and admiration for the toilers in -our great cities; they have permitted us to stand side by side with -them as they work and struggle and fight for what they know to be good -and pure; they have made us free of their homes, whether in the farm -kitchen, or in the streets of our great cities, so that one can sit -down and picture them all, whether in a London factory, a country farm, -a village rectory, or away in our far-off colonies. - -But _this competition_ is different from any of those which have -preceded it, for the Editor has asked the opinion of his thousands of -readers as to their favourites among the staff of writers, artists, -and musicians whom he has employed for the last twenty years. It is a -bold thing to have done, and yet it is but natural that a man who has -devoted the best years of his life to a certain object should desire -to know how his methods have answered and whether the material he has -offered for the instruction and healthy amusement of girls has met with -the approbation of those for whom he has catered. It is no easy task -in the present age when independence is growing rampant, to influence -girls and surround them with an atmosphere which, without in the least -coercing them, will keep them pure and gentle and womanly. - -So throwing caution to the winds, the editor has submitted himself -and his staff to the microscopic criticism of his many thousands of -readers, and begged them to select ten out of the number whom they like -best and to give a reason for their preference. - -We have received some hundreds of papers, each of which has been -conscientiously read and pondered over. Each competitor has stamped her -paper with her own individuality; she knows exactly what she prefers -and why she prefers it. One and all regret that they are limited in -their choice to ten of the staff, seeing that all are so good, but -there seems to have been no hesitation as to the chief favourites. - -In awarding the prizes, we have taken into consideration not so much -the handwriting and decoration of the manuscripts as the thoughtfulness -and intelligence with which they have been written. - - -SIDE-LIGHTS. - -Widespread as we consider our knowledge of girl nature by this time, -competition papers often spring upon us surprises, showing us we have -much to learn upon the subject. We confess that, although we have -always taken care to provide our readers with subject-matter for deeper -thought, still we were scarcely prepared to find that in the majority -of cases the first things read were these graver articles and the -papers dealing with instructive and interesting matters, the stories -as a rule being kept till the last. In one paper only were all the -favourites chosen for stories. - - -QUOTATIONS. - -1. I can safely say all the stories and articles in the “G. O. P.” are -the best to be had. In truth one puts down the “G. O. P.” with better -feelings and higher aspirations than when one took it up. Years ago my -father found me reading a paper that he did not think fit for a girl -to read, so he promised to buy me a magazine if I would read only such -books as he provided. I promised, and he set about getting me suitable -reading. As a result, he was shown the “G. O. P.,” and brought it home -to me, and for twenty years I have been a reader of the “G. O. P.,” -and hope to be for as long as I live, for I do not think I could get a -better. - -2. May I suggest another competition to you? You have already had one -for girls who work with head and hands—will you not also have one for -those who are preparing to work with head or hands? I am sure there -would be many interesting pictures of student life at our colleges -among the papers sent in. I feel that the “G. O. P.” decided my life -for me. In April, 1881, when I was eight years old, we bought the -number for the month. There was an article in it on the North London -Collegiate School; it mentioned the pupils who were graduates—some were -doctors or medical students. I said I would be one too; the idea stayed -with me. At last the way was opened for me, though it is harder than I -thought. - -3. May I hope you will read this as a friendly letter from American -girls who do not wish the pleasure they have received from your paper -to remain unexpressed. - -4. I am very proud to be able to say I commenced taking in the “G. O. -P.” on the 2nd October, 1880, being the beginning number of the second -volume, and ever since I have taken the greatest interest in it. When -I got married, one of the first pieces of furniture we bought was a -book-case to put my favourite books in; I often take one of the old -volumes down for information—I appreciate them more every day for the -kind and practical help they give. - - - - -OUR PUZZLE POEM REPORT: AN ACCIDENTAL CYCLE III. - - -SOLUTION. - -AN ACCIDENTAL CYCLE III. - - -5. _Lamp Explosions._ - - Some use cheap lamps, whose oil, alas! - Is held in china or in glass, - Such folly no one can surpass. - - -6. _Escape of Gas._ - - When you escape of gas detect, - Don’t search about with lighted match, - But for a little while reflect— - It might your head from form detach. - - -7. _To Cyclists._ - - If you’re cycling down a hill - With a waggon coming towards you, - Keep your head; - And to save an awful spill - Make for hedge, though it accords you - Scratches red. - - * * * * * - - -PRIZE WINNERS. - - -_Twelve Shillings and Sixpence Each._ - - Jessie F. Dulley, Lindens, Wellingborough. - Ellie Hanlon, 1, Otranto Place, Sandycove, Dublin. - G. Meggy, Rimpton Rectory, Bath. - Janet M. Pugh, Bronclydur, Towyn, Merionethshire. - Ethel Tomlinson, The Woodlands, Burton-on-Trent. - - -_Seven Shillings Each._ - - Mrs. Ethel Hartley, 310, Rotton Park Road, Birmingham. - John Marshall, 13, Prospect Road, Child’s Hill, N.W. - Eben. Mutten, 17, George Street, Devonport. - Katharine Mary Stanley, The Old House, Washingboro’, Lincoln. - L. Trotman, 26, Blessington Road, Lee, S.E. - Helen B. Younger, 5, Comiston Gardens, Edinburgh. - - -_Very Highly Commended._ - -Mrs. Acheson, Eliza Acworth, Agnes Amis, Annie A. Arnott, Margaret E. -Bourne, Nellie D. Bourne, Rebecca Clarke, Rev. Joseph Corkey, Mrs. G. -H. B. Cumming, Ethel Dickson, Cecil French, Mrs. W. H. Gotch, Edith E. -Grundy, Meta Kelway, Eliza Learmount, Agnes McConnell, Mrs. Nicholls, -Rev. V. Odom, Annie B. Ormond, Isabel Snell, Frederick Wm. Southey, -Ellen C. Tarrant, Constance Taylor, C. Thompson, Mary F. Wakelin, Edith -Mary Younge. - - -_Highly Commended._ - -_Division I._ - -Edith Ashworth, S. Ballard, Rev. F. Townshend Chamberlain, Lillian -Clews, Helen Margaret Coulthard, J. L. Ellson, Herbert V. French, Annie -M. Goss, Ellen Hambley, Francis Hingston James, Mrs. Latter, Dora -Laurence, Eva H. Laurence, Carlina Leggett, Winifred A. Lockyear, Mrs. -C. A. Martin, Jennie M. M’Call, F. Miller, Helen M. Norman, Violet C. -Todd, W. Fitzjames White, Henry Wilkinson, Alice Woodhead, Elizabeth -Yarwood, Diana C. Yeo. - - -_Highly Commended._ - -_Division II._ - -Eva Mary Allport, Lily Belling, G. Brightwell, Jane Lindsay Campbell, -R. Swan Coulthard, George Robert Davidge, Leonard Duncan, Eleanor -Elsey, Mrs. F. Farrar, C. S. Gregory, Hilda Mary Harrison, Charlotte -Hayward, Florence Hayward, Ethel Winifred Hodgkinson, Madge L. Kemp, -A. Kilburn, Gertrude Longbottom, E. Lord, Annie Manderson, Helen A. -Manning, E. Mastin, Jessie Middlemiss, E. M. Le Mottée, J. D. Musgrave, -E. Pearson, N. E. Purvey, Kate Robinson, M. Winifred Shakespear, Bettie -Temple, Mrs. Mabel Tench, R. Marjorie Thomas, Ellen Thurtell, M. -Tolson, Frances H. Webb-Gillman, Margaret M. Wilcox. - - * * * * * - - -EXAMINER’S REPORT. - -Here is another award at last to excite indignant comment and -criticism. So large was the number of first-rate solutions that we had -to pounce upon the most trifling errors with a keenness worthy of a -better cause. After we had examined and re-examined again and again, we -were rewarded for our exertions by finding that faults abounded, the -enormity of which might fairly be expressed in sixteenths. - -For instance, a failure to indent the lines properly was reckoned -one-sixteenth of a mistake. The substitution of “around” for _about_ -was counted two-sixteenths, and so on, with arithmetical precision. -As only a limited number of names can be mentioned, all we have to -do is to draw the line at a certain point (in this case it was at -nine-sixteenths), and say: “Beyond that, no mention.” The result is -an adjudication which can face criticism with a very fair amount of -confidence. And here let us say that if any competitor thinks that -an injustice has been done, we hope she will not harbour the thought -privately, but frankly let us know as soon as the report appears. We -much prefer to have the opportunity of acknowledging a mistake or of -proving that none has been made. - -To return to the puzzle. Many competitors failed to notice the “s” in -the title, and wrote “Exploding Lamp.” This could only be regarded as a -whole mistake, and was therefore fatal to any chance of success. - -The rhythm of the first line, No. 6, was often marred by the insertion -of “an.” In the second line, as we have already intimated, “around” -could not be considered equal to _about_, for a reason which a -reference to the puzzle will divulge. In the fourth line “face” was -continually given for _head_, though the better sense of the latter -reading is obvious, and the puzzle form of spelling “detach” was often -adopted without thought. - -In No. 7, “Cycling” was the title generally given, though many solvers -were careful to read the _two_ into it. This was an error we could not -very severely condemn, and as a matter of fact two solutions which were -perfect in every other respect, were admitted into the prize bundle. -In the first line “you are” would not do instead of the contraction -_you’re_, neither did the insertion of “a” before hedge improve the -rhythm of the last line but one. In the same line we did not object to -the more strictly grammatical “accord” in place of _accords_, although -the puzzle gave the latter. - -We have received several letters questioning our award on “An -Accidental Cycle II.” We have turned up every solution written about, -and find that absolute justice was done to each. For the benefit of a -very large number of solvers who cherish similar doubts in silence, -we may say that the mistake of spelling “some one” as one word was a -very important factor in the adjudication. That our report should have -contained no reference to this point was an unfortunate circumstance. - -The award on the whole series of Accidental Cycles cannot be published -for two or three weeks, the number of solutions being very large. - - - - -ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. - - -STUDY AND STUDIO. - -M. H.—1. The thought in your poem is very good, and you describe nature -well and sympathetically. You need, however, to pay more attention to -your _technique_. Your lines are frequently halting— - - “’Tis sunset on the ocean, radiant with light.” - -is an instance in point.—2. Water-colours would be suitable for -painting on gauze or satin. No preparation of the material is required. - -“BARTY.”—1. Barty Joscelin, in _The Martian_, is a fictitious -character, though some of his early experiences in France were probably -drawn from real life.—2. We are not familiar with the books you -mention, but no doubt you could obtain a list from a bookseller, or the -publisher if you knew the name. - -SWEET SEVENTEEN.—1. Your writing is fairly good, but you should not -leave a margin at the end of your lines. Try to write as freely as -possible.—2. Inquire at the chemist’s where you purchase the sulphur -ointment. - -NORAH T.—We have never seen a really good book of such dialogues as -you require, but you might apply to The United Kingdom Band of Hope -Union, 60, Old Bailey, E.C., saying what you need. _Twenty Minutes_, -by Harriet L. Childe-Pemberton, is a little book containing amusing -dialogues for recitation, but they are not connected with “temperance.” - -STUDENT.—1. A charming book, though not a new one, about animals -is Mrs. Alfred Gatty’s _Worlds not Realised_; and _Parables from -Nature_, by the same author, contains much information mingled with -beautiful allegorical teaching.—2. Apply to the National Health -Society—secretary, Miss Lankester, 53, Berners Street, W., or to the -St. John’s Ambulance Association, St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C., -for full list of books on nursing. We may mention _Hints and Helps -for Home Nursing and Hygiene_, by Dr. Cosgrave, price 1s. (St. John’s -Ambulance Association). We do not think you at all discourteous in your -criticisms on the articles in question. - -HILDEGARDE WINTER.—1. It is rather difficult for us to advise you what -music to practise without knowing your powers. There are books of -“Short Voluntaries” (1s. each), by Edward Redhead, published by Orsborn -& Tuckwood, 64, Berners Street, London, W., which might suit you. They -are intended for organ or harmonium, but sound well on the piano. Book -III. contains some charming easy music. Would Mendelssohn’s “Songs -without Words” be too difficult? You should practise at least an hour a -day and as much longer as you can, but we fear that without any tuition -you will find it hard to make much progress.—2. The tails of your g’s -and y’s spoil your writing; they are too long, and badly formed. You -could easily improve your hand. - - -MEDICAL. - -GWEN LEWIS.—Goître or Derbyshire neck is one of those diseases which -are “endemic,” that is, resident in certain localities. It is very -common in some places, chiefly in the mountainous or hilly districts -of Derbyshire, Devonshire and Wales. It is more common in the valleys -than in the hills. It is supposed to be due to some constituent in the -water, possibly excess of lime. Goître, however, is not very infrequent -in persons who have never seen a mountain, and who have lived in -districts which are decidedly not goîtrous. There are many forms of -goître, and the treatment for each variety is different. Unfortunately, -that variety which is “endemic” is most difficult to cure. If the -patient can leave the district where the condition was developed, and -live in a place where the disease does not occur, the mass will cease -growing and often wither altogether. The rational treatment of goître -is therefore to change one’s residence. Iodine, both internally and -externally, is often advised for the relief of simple goître, and it -does sometimes do good. Mercury is often occasionally used with good -results. Surgical procedures have been adopted, but unless the growth -is enormous or interferes with breathing or swallowing, and in other -special cases, this treatment is not to be recommended. Friction, -massage and electricity have been tried with practically no result -whatever. - -BUTTERCUP.—Careful and moderate exercise is what you require. All your -troubles, including the curvature of the spine, will be improved by -this means. Gymnastic exercises are extremely valuable, and if we can -only impress upon you to be moderate, we have no hesitation in saying -that you will derive great benefit from gymnastics. The dumb-bells, -the clubs, the horizontal bar, and the other milder exercises are -very helpful, but you must avoid all the violent, we might almost say -furious, exercises which are far too commonly indulged in. Again, -you must not give up walking for gymnastics, but let a little of one -augment a little of the other. Avoid sofas and easy-chairs, for these -tend to weaken the spine. Before doing this, however, we advise you to -have your back examined to find out what was the cause of the curvature. - -MYSTIC.—Beer poured over a red-hot horse-shoe will not cure dyspepsia. -On the contrary, it will make it worse. What an extraordinary -superstition! - -HEATH PHILLIPS.—You suffer from acne undoubtedly, possibly from that -form known as “acne rosacea.” If you never feel indigestion you -certainly have not got it. Sulphur ointment is very good for acne, -but in the later stages, especially of the rosaceous acne, ichthiol -ointment (2½ per cent.) is better. - -MERRY SUNBEAM.—The hair frequently combs out in considerable -quantities, especially during spring and autumn. This is no -abnormality, it is quite healthy, but it frequently alarms girls, -because a very little hair makes a great show. The solution you use is -useful, but you must beware of using much alcohol for the hair, as it -renders it brittle. Wash your head less often, say once a fortnight, -and add a teaspoonful of borax to each quart of water. The yolk of an -egg makes a useful and strengthening hair-wash, but it should not be -used too frequently, and the hair must be well rinsed afterwards. - -ETHEL.—Chlorate of potassium lozenges are very useful for a “relaxed -throat.” You must be careful not to swallow too many, for the drug -is very apt to produce indigestion. Never take more than five in the -course of one day. We have seen truly alarming symptoms in a girl who -has eaten an ounce of the lozenges in an afternoon. - -MAITLAND.—Singeing the eyebrows would in no way permanently injure -them. The hairs of the eyebrows grow very fast, and in a few weeks you -will be none the worse for the accident. - -ENQUIRER.—By an “enlarged neck” you probably mean enlarged glands in -the neck, a condition extremely commonly due to decayed teeth. - -HARRY’S GIRL.—Sugar is fattening, and very probably you are getting too -fat because you eat too much sugar. There is no necessity for you to -give up sugar altogether, but be more moderate in the amount you eat. - -MIGNONETTE.—We published a long article on blushing and nervousness a -short time back in which you will find all the information you require. - - -MISCELLANEOUS. - -PRIMROSE.—We do not think a stone could be set in a small wedding-ring. -You had better consult a jeweller about it, as we have not seen it and -cannot give a reliable opinion. - -DODO.—The distinctions between the heterodox beliefs of a Deist and -an Atheist are considerable. The former believes in the existence of -a God, but rejects the divine revelation of Him given in the Holy -Scriptures. He also believes in the immortality of the soul, and in the -suitable reward of virtue and the punishment of vice. The latter denies -the existence of a God, or Divine Providence, and holds no religious -belief of any description. An infidel, or unbeliever, is one who denies -the Jewish and Christian religions, and may be of any unorthodox belief. - -H. H.—Much depends on your finances. There is a good rule which -tells you to “be just before you are generous.” Of course, it would -be best to take nothing that you can help (by self-denial) from the -contributions you usually make in church; but the money required for -restitution of fraudulently-acquired money, it should be your first -duty to make good (see St. Matt. v. 23 and 24). This precept would -apply to such a case as yours. Of course, “there is hope while there is -life.” Our blessed Lord says “He is able to save to the uttermost all -that come unto God through Him”—His blood-shedding—and “Him that cometh -unto Me, I will in no wise cast out.” - -OLIVE.—That the Celts are a branch of the great Aryan family is -regarded as beyond all doubt, by their language, which bears a close -resemblance in grammatical structure and vocables to Sanscrit. They -were the first of the Aryan settlers in Europe. Herodotus (B.C. 450) -speaks of the _Keltai_. By this name the Greeks called them, and the -Romans _Galli_, and a very numerous branch of them called themselves -_Gael_. They settled in most of the European countries, and in the -British islands, notably in Scotland and Ireland, but more in England -than is generally supposed. Your own aboriginal family name is clearly -Celtic. - -SUNFLOWER.—The fact that your copy of the Bible is 100 years old is -not the only question to be considered. If one of the several editions -named after typographical errors, such as the “Breeches Bible” or the -“Vinegar Bible” (published in 1727), and others, then there would be -a fixed value for it. The celebrated “Bowyer Bible,” illustrated with -7,000 engravings, etchings, and original drawings, was sold to a Mrs. -Heywood, of Bolton, for £500. It was one of the Macklin Bibles. You had -better send a particular account of yours to some large library, and -discover its value from the manager. - -QUEENIE B.—Fringes, if worn, are short and encroach little on the -forehead. You should look at the dummies in the hair-dressers’ windows, -and get a hair-dresser to cut your hair properly, or it will not curl. -A situation as “companion” is rarely to be obtained. A girl should have -a good address and good manners, should be a good reader, and write -a good legible hand, be well-informed, sing, or play; have a sweet -temper, and a great store of patience, with tact. As to the salary, -that would vary, and must be left to private arrangement. If you -possess all these qualifications, then advertise. - - - - -OUR NEW PUZZLE POEM. - -[Illustration] - - -⁂ PRIZES to the amount of six guineas (one of which will be reserved -for competitors living abroad) are offered for the best solutions of -the above Puzzle Poem. The following conditions must be observed:— - -1. Solutions to be written on one side of the paper only. - -2. Each paper to be headed with the name and address of the competitor. - -3. Attention must be paid to spelling, punctuation, and neatness. - -4. Send by post to Editor, GIRL’S OWN PAPER, 56, Paternoster Row, -London. “Puzzle Poem” to be written on the top left-hand corner of the -envelope. - -5. The last day for receiving solutions from Great Britain and Ireland -will be August 17, 1899; from Abroad, October 16, 1899. - -The competition is open to all without any restrictions as to sex or -age. - - - - -TO THE READERS OF “THE GIRL’S OWN PAPER.” - - -DEAR GIRLS,—I have received a number of letters on the subject of my -last story, “About Peggy Saville,” all expressing the kindest interest -in the heroine, and a desire to know more about her. - -These letters have been a great pleasure to receive, for, to tell you -the truth, I myself am very fond of “Peggy Pickle,” and should much -enjoy spending a longer time in her company. - -Your kind Editor has expressed his desire to gratify you by publishing -a sequel to the story, and we have arranged that if all goes well, the -first chapter shall appear in October, or early in the spring. - -For the next two months, then, you can think of me sitting in my -summer-house every morning with Peggy for my companion, and I will -think of you, and, I hope, work all the better for your kindly -appreciation. - - Your friend, - JESSIE DE HORNE VAIZEY. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. XX, No. -1017, June 24, 1899, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GIRL'S OWN PAPER, JUNE 24, 1899 *** - -***** This file should be named 61306-0.txt or 61306-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/1/3/0/61306/ - -Produced by Susan Skinner, Chris Curnow, Pamela Patten and -the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, -and may not be used if you charge for the eBooks, unless you receive -specific permission. If you do not charge anything for copies of this -eBook, complying with the rules is very easy. You may use this eBook -for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, -performances and research. They may be modified and printed and given -away--you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks -not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the -trademark license, especially commercial redistribution. - -START: FULL LICENSE - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full -Project Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at -www.gutenberg.org/license. - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or -destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your -possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a -Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound -by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the -person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph -1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this -agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the -Foundation" or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection -of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual -works in the collection are in the public domain in the United -States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the -United States and you are located in the United States, we do not -claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, -displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as -all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope -that you will support the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting -free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm -works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the -Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with the work. You can easily -comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the -same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg-tm License when -you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are -in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, -check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this -agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, -distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any -other Project Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no -representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any -country outside the United States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other -immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear -prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work -on which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, -performed, viewed, copied or distributed: - - This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and - most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no - restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it - under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this - eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the - United States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you - are located before using this ebook. - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is -derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not -contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the -copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in -the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are -redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply -either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or -obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg-tm -trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any -additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms -will be linked to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works -posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the -beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including -any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access -to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format -other than "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official -version posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site -(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense -to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means -of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original "Plain -Vanilla ASCII" or other form. Any alternate format must include the -full Project Gutenberg-tm License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -provided that - -* You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed - to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he has - agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project - Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid - within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are - legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty - payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project - Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in - Section 4, "Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg - Literary Archive Foundation." - -* You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all - copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue - all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg-tm - works. - -* You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of - any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of - receipt of the work. - -* You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work or group of works on different terms than -are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing -from both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and The -Project Gutenberg Trademark LLC, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm -trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project -Gutenberg-tm collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may -contain "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate -or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other -intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or -other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or -cannot be read by your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium -with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you -with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in -lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person -or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second -opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If -the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing -without further opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO -OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT -LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of -damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement -violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the -agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or -limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or -unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the -remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in -accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the -production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, -including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of -the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this -or any Project Gutenberg-tm work, (b) alteration, modification, or -additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any -Defect you cause. - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of -computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It -exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations -from people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future -generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see -Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at -www.gutenberg.org - - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by -U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is in Fairbanks, Alaska, with the -mailing address: PO Box 750175, Fairbanks, AK 99775, but its -volunteers and employees are scattered throughout numerous -locations. Its business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt -Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to -date contact information can be found at the Foundation's web site and -official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact - -For additional contact information: - - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND -DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular -state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To -donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project -Gutenberg-tm concept of a library of electronic works that could be -freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and -distributed Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of -volunteer support. - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in -the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not -necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper -edition. - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search -facility: www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. - |
