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diff --git a/old/61044-0.txt b/old/61044-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index a927884..0000000 --- a/old/61044-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,833 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Anatomist Dissected, by Lemuel Gulliver - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: The Anatomist Dissected - or the man-midwife finely brought to bed. Being an - examination of the conduct of Mr. St. Andre. Touching the - late pretended rabbit-bearer; as it appears from his own - narrative. - -Author: Lemuel Gulliver - -Release Date: December 29, 2019 [EBook #61044] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ANATOMIST DISSECTED *** - - - - -Produced by Richard Tonsing and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - - - _The Anatomist Dissected_: - OR THE - Man-Midwife finely brought to Bed. - BEING AN - EXAMINATION - OF THE - CONDUCT - OF - Mr. _St. ANDRE_. - Touching the late pretended Rabbit-bearer; as it appears from his own - Narrative. - - - By _LEMUEL GULLIVER_, - Surgeon and Anatomist to the Kings of _Lilliput_ and _Blefuscu_, and - Fellow of the Academy of Sciences in _Balnibarbi_. - - The THIRD EDITION. - - _Asses and Owls, unseen, themselves betray, - When these attempt to hoot, or those to bray._ - - Garth. - - _WESTMINSTER_: - - Printed by and for _A. CAMPBELL_, and sold by the Booksellers of - _London_ and _Westminster_. 1727. (Price 6 _d._) - - - - -[Illustration] - - - - - _The Anatomist Dissected_: - OR THE - Man-Midwife finely brought to Bed. - BEING AN - EXAMINATION - OF THE - CONDUCT - OF - Mr. _St. ANDRE_, &c. - - -After that long and particular Detail of my self, and of my various -Adventures in so many different and remote parts of the Globe, as I have -lately entertain’d the Public with, I little thought any private -Occurrence, in so small a Spot as the Island of _Great Britain_, could -have rous’d my Attention, and broke in upon that Repose, in which I -hop’d to have spent the Remains of a declining Life. But small and -inconsiderable as it is, I consider it is my own Country; the Thought of -which, together with that inextinguishable Thirst after Truth and -Knowledge, in regard to my self, and an ardent Inclination of -communicating it to others, have prevail’d upon me once more to be -expos’d in Print, in order to express my Abhorrence of a late diabolical -Imposture: propagated, not so much by the Knavery of some, as by the -Ignorance and Stupidity of others. I need not say I mean the Rabbit -Affair; with which, for some Weeks past, the Minds of the People of this -Island have been so seriously and so surprizingly employ’d; so as scarce -to leave them any Leisure for Things of a more sublime Nature, and of -vastly greater Consequence and Importance. - -And tho’ I verily believe this to be the real and only Cause, why the -Perusal of my Travels has been so neglected of late, which, by the Decay -of the Sale, has sensibly affected a worthy and honest Bookseller; yet I -declare to the World, that my Motives for entering the Lists against Mr. -_St. André_ (a Person to me wholly unknown, and unheard of till I saw -his Name in the News-Papers, upon that unfortunate Accident, which befel -him, when he fancied he was poyson’d) are, that little Skill which, by -my Education and Experience, I have attain’d in Surgery and Anatomy, and -that great Ignorance in both, which he has betray’d upon this Occasion. - -For tho’ that Gentleman’s Candor is very great in shewing such a -remarkable Alertness, at confessing that he has been impos’d upon in -this Paltry Business; and tho’ perhaps, by that he may flatter himself, -that he shall escape all further Censure, yet I shall be at the Pains of -Convincing the World that he is mistaken, even in this also; and that, -had he not been most profoundly deficient in that discerning -Penetration, with which all true Surgeons make Enquiries of this sort, -he might have discover’d this Imposture at the very first Sight, and not -have drawn in so many Persons of distinguish’d Sense and Figure, to be -gull’d and deluded by so coarse and palpable a Fraud. - -For, to begin with his Narrative; a true Surgeon, one, I mean, orderly -and properly educated in that worthy Profession, would never have -suffer’d his Curiosity to be at all alarm’d by seeing a Letter from -_Guildford_, which mention’d a Woman’s _being deliver’d of five -Rabbits_: Suppose one were to see a Letter from _Battersea_, importing -that a Woman there had been deliver’d of five Cucumbers, or indeed a -hundred Letters, would that lead a Man of Sense to believe any Thing, -but, either that the People who wrote those Letters had been grossly -impos’d upon themselves, or intended to impose upon him. Either of these -two Things may, and do happen every Day; but it was never known, that -ever any Creature brought forth any one Creature of a Species in all -Respects different from it self, much less five or seventeen such -Creatures; for which therefore, a Man of common Sense, much more a -penetrating and quicksighted Anatomist, should look upon all such -Letters with the utmost Contempt. - -Yet it was the Sight of two or three such Letters (and those flagrant -with most conspicuous Tokens of Imposture) which induc’d Mr. _St. -André_, at this time of the Year, to take two Journeys to _Guildford_, -in order to enquire into the Truth of what, in Nature, it was impossible -should be true. However, to _Guildford_ he came for the first time; -where I shall attend him a while, and watch his Motions, perhaps to a -better Purpose than he did those of the Rabbit-bearing Woman: For tho’, -with all his Skill he was not able to detect her Fraud, I hope with very -little of mine to display his Ignorance. - -In the first Place, how stupid must he have been, not to suspect a -Trick, when _Howard_, upon being sent for, came and acquainted him, -_that the Woman was actually in Labour of the fifteenth Rabbit_. This -puts me in Mind of what, above six and Forty Years ago, I learn’d at -School; where the Sagacity of old _Simo_ in the _Andria_ of the -_Terence_ appears, to the utter Shame of our modearn _St. Andrians_: The -old Gentleman had Reason to suspect Fraud from the known Character of a -crafty Knave he had to deal with; and whose Business it was to make him -believe, that a certain Lady was just then in Labour: Accordingly, as -they approach her House, she contrives to be in one of her Labour Pains, -and cries out so loud that the old Man must needs hear it: upon which, I -remember, he says, with much Humour and Judgment, _Hui, tam cito? -ridiculum. Postquam ante ostium me audivit stare, approperat. Non sat -commode divisa sunt temporibus tibi, Dave, hæc._ For thus, had he been -credulous enough to go to _Guildford_ to inquire into this Cheat, he -would have said, in plain _English_, upon the like Occasion, _What a -pox, is she so quick? this is the damn’dest Joke that ever was: the -Moment she hears I am arrived, she falls into one of her Labour Pains: -ah_, Howard! _this was not well tim’d of you by any means_. - -But, to return from this Digression, if the Woman was _actually in -Labour of the fifteenth Rabbit_, why should Mr. _Howard_ leave her, and -stay with Mr. _St. André_ till they call’d him again, when she was said -to be in one of her Labour Pains? Here a wise Man would have smelt a Rat -instead of a Rabbit: And much more, when this Woman in Labour Pains, and -who had been in Labour some time then, nay fourteen times before, was -_found dress’d in her Stays, and sitting on the Bed-side_; and that not -for want of Help to put her to Bed; for there were _several Women near -her_. A Man must have a spritely Genius for swallowing Imposture that -was not stagger’d at such an Appearance. This sure it was that prompted -Mr. _St. André_ to wave all such Reflections, and proceed _immediately -to examine her_; when, tho’ by his own Confession, he _did not find the -Parts prepar’d for her Labour_, (which was another plain Indication of -the Roguery) yet he was weak enough to _wait for the coming on of fresh -Pains_, and, _in three or four Minutes after, to think he deliver’d her -of the intire Trunk, strip’d of its Skin, of a Rabbit about four Months -Growth_ (he meant to have said, of an Animal of the Size and Figure of a -Rabbit of four Months Growth) _in which the Heart and Lungs were -contain’d, with the Diaphragm intire_. Well, what does my Gentleman -then? He _instantly cut of a piece of them, and tried them in Water_; in -which they swam, and when they were _press’d to the Bottom, rose again_. -Now, it being notoriously the Property of the Lungs of a _Fœtus_ to -sink, and of a Creature which has been some time brought forth alive to -swim, in Water; what but an absolute Prepossession in favour of this -filthy Miracle, or a consummate Ignorance in these Matters could have -hinder’d any sober Inquirer from being determin’d in relation to this -Cheat, by the foregoing Trial? Yet Mr. _St. André_ never boggles at -this, nor at the Impossibility of the Trunk of such a Creature’s -(suppos’d but just before to be alive) being stript of its Skin, by the -contractive Faculty of the Womb; nor at the Woman’s being _chearful and -easy, and walking by her self from the Bed-side to the Fire the Moment -she was deliver’d_: But goes on _conjecturing_ in a yet more absurd -manner, that these Creatures, (as big as Rabbits of four Months Growth, -which must be within a Trifle as big as full grown ones,) were bred in -the _Fallopian Tubes_; and came into the _Uterus_ one after another, -where they lay and kick’d, till they were press’d to Death, and flead, -and all their Bones broken, in such a manner, that they were sensibly -heard to snap, by the violent convulsive Motions of it. - -I take the Liberty to inform my Readers, upon this Occasion, that the -_Fallopian Tubes_ are a Passage of Communication, of scarce three Inches -long, between the _Ovaria_ and _Uterus_; thro’ which the _Embryo_, after -Conception, is convey’d from the one to the other. And tho’ at that End -next the _Uterus_ they open, somewhat like the Mouth of a Trumpet, yet, -when stretch’d to the utmost, the general Canal of them scarce exceeds -the Thickness of ones Finger: And therefore the Impossibility of any one -such Creature being contain’d there, much less of eighteen, as this -Gentleman suppos’d, must appear to every one of a common Understanding. -He tells us, no Blood nor Water issued from the _Vagina_ after this -Delivery, and that her Pulse was regular. Monstrous! that none of these -Indications should open Mr. _St. André_’s Eyes. If he thought at all, -what could he be thinking of? It is notorious, that in Births of dead -Children, Women suffer much more Pain than in those of Living ones; so -as to be, during the Operation, in high Fevers, with irregular Pulses, -and left in great Weakness afterwards. Yet this Woman is deliver’d of -fifteen dead Rabbits, such as of four Months Growth, without any -Alteration in her Pulse, without the least Inflammation or Laceration in -her _Vagina_, walking from the Bed-side, sitting down in a Chair by the -Fire, as well as if nothing had happen’d; and skilful Mr. _St. André_ -swallowing this foul Imposture, without the least Squeamishness or -Reluctance. - -In the _Rectum_ of this Animal, which remain’d affix’d to the Body, Mr. -_St. André_ finds _five or six Pellets, much of the same Colour and -Consistence of the common Dung of a Rabbit_. Strange! that this should -not alarm him! (it being notorious that the Excrement of a _Fœtus_ is -always liquid) but this he swallows likewise; as he does _the Skin -roll’d and squeez’d up like a Ball_, which he delivers her of some time -after: And not long after that, of _the Head, with the Fur on, Part of -one of the Ears being torn off_. Upon all which Occasions, I mean those -of the Womb’s having the Faculty of skinning a Rabbit all but the Head, -of rolling this Skin up like a Ball, and tearing off a Piece of an Ear; -this Gentleman speaks as familiarly as if they were common Cases, which -wanted not in the least to be accounted for, or wonder’d at. - -In the Intervals between these notable Deliveries, Mr. _St. André_ -diverted himself and his Company, _by examining the several Rabbits, -which were kept separate, in distinct Pots, with Spirits of Wine, in the -Order that they were brought away_. Here likewise, I will do my self the -Honour to attend him. And now, methinks, I see him expatiating, in a -very genteel adroit manner, upon the general Resemblance, but particular -and significant Difference between them and natural Rabbits. - -“_The first_,” says he, “_does not appear to be a perfect Rabbit, in all -its Parts_.” (Here one would suppose, the Difference lay in some one or -two, at most, minute, not easily observable, Circumstances, in which -this Creature varied from a Rabbit: But, on the contrary, it seems ’twas -a perfect Cat in all its Parts, one or two only excepted.) “_Three of -the Feet being like the Paws of a Cat; the Stomach and Intestines like -those in the same Animal; as also the Shape and Figure of the_ Thorax. -Observe, _the Lungs and Heart, how entirely they are out of their -natural Situation; and squeez’d out between the upper Ribs, and_ -Vertebræ _of the Neck_ (doubtless by the convulsive Motion of the -_Uterus_) _to which Parts_, observe how _strongly they grow and adhere. -The Lungs of this Creature, had they been plac’d in their natural -Cavity, would not have fill’d above a sixth Part of it. The Bones of -this Creature are likewise all so different in Substance and Structure -from those of common Rabbits_, that o’ my Conscience, _the Head and one -Paw only excepted_, I think it has not the least Resemblance of them. -_All the other thirteen Animals_ I pronounce _to be in every particular, -like well-form’d, common, natural Rabbits, from the size of two Months -Growth to four. These have been all broken to pieces much in the same -manner; but when these several parts are put together in their proper -order, they manifestly make up and appear to belong to the -abovemention’d Animals._ I confess _the_ Viscera _are wanting in four or -five of them_; but that is not very material; that Defect is amply -supply’d by this _one remarkable Circumstance, which is, that most of -these Animals_ (for Rabbits I will not call them) _as far as I can -judge, are Females. The Flesh of these Creatures, particularly of that -which I extracted, has the Smell of Rabbits just kill’d; and the -Substance of their Bones are, in all respects, like the Bones of_ Fœtus -_Rabbits_. (How particular, how dilucid, and exact is this part of his -Lecture!) _From all these Considerations_ (and many more too tedious and -impertinent to be recited) with greater Assurance than Knowledge, _I am -fully convinc’d, that, at the same time that the external Appearance of -these Animals is exactly like such Creatures as must inevitably undergo -the Changes that happen to adult Animals, by Food and Air, they carry -within them the strongest Marks of_ Fœtus’_s, even in such Parts as -cannot exist in an Adult, and without which a_ Fœtus _cannot possibly be -suppos’d to live. This, I think, proves in the strongest Terms possible, -that these Animals are of a particular kind, and not bred in a natural -way; nor will there be any Doubt remaining (even with the least knowing -in these Matters)_ when these things come to be clear’d up by _the -Anatomy of these præternatural Rabbits_ (a præternatural Anatomist Thou -art without Dispute) _which I shall publish with all convenient Speed, -with their Figures taken from the Life, and compar’d with the Parts of -Rabbits of the same Growth_ (he would have said _the same size_) _that -the Differences before-mention’d may be fully understood_.” - -This therefore the publick has still just Reason to insist upon from Mr. -_St. André_; for, however he may pretend to be impos’d upon by others in -the Delivery of these Supposititious Rabbits, the learned anatomical -Observations, recited above, are purely the Result of his own Skill and -Judgment; and cannot with any Colour of Reason, be plac’d to the Account -of Fraud and Imposture in others. Especially _those Facts_ which he has -the Assurance to say _were verified, before his Majesty on_ Saturday, -Nov. _the 26th, by the anatomical Demonstration of the first, the third, -fifth and ninth of these Animals_. - -However, not content with having sufficiently plac’d his Reputation at -stake in this audacious manner (for such I must call it) on the wretched -Observations abovemention’d, _out he sets for_ Guildford _again, being -resolv’d to bring the Woman to Town if there was any Prospect of more -Rabbits_. What could this Creature, this Animal have in his Head to -hinder him from concluding that a Woman in such a Condition (were it -possible any Woman could be in such a Condition) should not be mov’d out -of her Bed; much less out of her House, and much less from _Guildford_ -to _London_. Yet since he is resolv’d upon another Expedition, I am -resolv’d once more to attend him thither, and observe his Motions. - -And here he is again so keen upon this vile false Scent, that tho’ he -finds Mr. _Howard_ standing at his Door, who tells him that he hop’d all -was over, because that he did not perceive in the _Uterus_ any Motion as -usual, yet he visited her several Times that Day, proceeded in every -Respect, with the same Sagacity as before; and towards eight a Clock -that Evening, deliver’d her of a Piece of one of the Membranes of a -_Placenta_ (admirable!) roll’d up like Parchment. This shews how well he -is acquainted with the Texture of those Membranes. And his Deficiency in -that Point was further confirm’d by a second Delivery of (what he took -to be) _another Piece of Membrane, in Structure, Shape and Size, exactly -like the former_. - -Thus I have touch’d upon, and I hope abundantly expos’d the profound -Observations contain’d in Mr. _St. André_’s short _Narrative_. Whenever -he appears in Print again, upon this Occasion, as I find he threatens to -do, I shall again be ready to guard the Public against being deluded by -his pretended Discoveries. And, tho’ it is not my Nature to insult any -Man upon Account of his Misfortunes, whether brought upon him by his own -Folly, or the Malice of others; yet give me Leave to say, it is, of the -two, a much more eligible Evil, that the Presumption of one ignorant -Empiric, should undergo a public Chastisement, than the Understandings, -of so many of his Majesty’s Loyal Subjects, be corrupted by such sham -Demonstrations. - -But, after all, as I am a no less strict Lover of Justice, than an -indefatigable Searcher after Truth; now my Resentment of Mr. _St. -André_’s ill Conduct in this Affair, is somewhat cool’d by the Liberty I -have taken in censuring and exposing it, I shall offer something, by Way -of Abatement of that severe Construction, the World will be apt to pass -upon his Judgment in this Affair. - -In the _first_ Place, I have the Charity to believe he has been -egregiously impos’d upon, in Relation to the Character he has publish’d -of Mr. _Howard_, whom he stiles, _a Man of known Probity_; whereas that -Name is as notorious at _Guildford_, and the Parts adjacent, for -denoting a Whisker, as ever mine was at _Redriff_, for establishing a -Truth. _Secondly_, it must be consider’d that the Pleasure of being -talk’d of, and heard to talk, in all Companies public and private, as -the very second Discoverer (Mr. _Howard_ being indisputably the first) -of this extraordinary and præternatural Production, must needs swell the -Mind of a raw Practitioner with Vanity, and make him run blindfold into -a Series of Absurdities; no one of which, at another Time, would have -found any Admittance within the Bar of his Judgment. And _Thirdly_, The -Nature of Climates, together with the several Makes, Capacities and -Tempers of the Inhabitants of different Countries, are the Reason why -Things may appear puzzling and perplexing in one Place, which in another -would be accounted for, with the greatest Ease and Certainty imaginable; -and why that, which is here a Cause of the highest Ridicule, in a -contrary Part of the Globe, would be the Occasion of raising a Man’s -Character to the most exalted Pitch of Dignity and Reputation. - -For Example, had a Native of the Kingdom of _Lilliput_, happen’d to be -in this our Island, when the Story of the Rabbits was first vented at -Court; and had such a one been dispatch’d to _Guildford_, in Order to -enquire into the Truth of that Matter; upon the first View of those -Pellets, against which Mr. _St. André_ had no Objection, he, with his -fine Microscopic Eyes, would have instantly discover’d every particular -Herb the Creature had fed on that Meal. And what Mr. _St. André_ calls -_a dirty-colour’d_ Mucus, _such as is constantly found in the Bowels of -all_ Fœtus _Animals, and such as in those that void their Excrements in -Pellets, is commonly hard and dry_, our _Lilliputian_ would have -distinguish’d to have been nothing but a Parcel of mere Rabbit’s Dung, -which to him would have appear’d as coarse and large as a Scavenger’s -Load, fresh taken from a Butcher’s Lay-stall would do to us. And that -which, _in the middle of the Gut_ Ilium _of the Cat_, Mr. _St. André_ -thought was _like a very small Fish Bones_, the more quicksighted little -Man would have demonstrated to have been nothing more than the Bones of -a Herring, which that Creature had devoured a few Hours before it was -thrust into the _Vagina_ of _Mary Toft_’s _Uterus_. Tho’, as Arts are -very much improv’d with us, I question whether a very ordinary -magnifying Glass, such as Children use to divert themselves with, might -not have made the Discovery as well. - -But, if I am rightly inform’d, as to the Nature of Mr. _St. André_’s -Education, I am strangely surpriz’d that He, of all People, should -appear so unacquainted with the Materials of which the Strings of a -Fiddle are compos’d. - -Again, tho’, in any of the _European_ Nations, those that pretend to any -Skill in Anatomy or Midwifery would be scouted to Eternity for only -questioning, or going to make Inquiry, whether it was possible for a -Woman to be delivered of eighteen Rabbits, from two to four Months -Growth; or a _Fœtus_ of that Size, but just dead, and whose _Flesh smelt -like that of a Rabbit newly kill’d_, should be voided in Fragments and -Bits; or that the same Woman, notwithstanding all these Deliveries, -should be, during the whole time, perfectly healthy and well, feeding on -nothing but Beef, Red-herring, &c. or that a Piece of Hog’s Bladder -could be part of the _Chorion_, or Membrane of the _Placenta_; yet give -me leave to say, that in the Kingdom of _Balnibarbi_, these things would -appear in quite another Light. There, tho’ a _Virtuoso_ should only -endeavour at a Demonstration of this kind, spend many Years in the -Attempt, and all his Labours prove abortive at last, yet would his -Suppositions be sure to meet with so kind a Reception from the publick, -as to procure, at least, his being adopted, _nemine contradicente_, into -the Academy of Sciences there; (of which I profess my self an unworthy -Member.) Nay, it is ten to one but he would be taken up into the -floating Island, and appointed Anatomist extraordinary to the Court of -_Laputa_. - -Such is the Use I am always determin’d to make of this my Knowledge of -the World and Mankind. As I will not suffer any upstart Pretender, of -what Profession soever, to monopolize and vend his Absurdities within -this my native Country, without such Animadversions as may serve to warn -the publick against him: So, on the other side, if he happens to have -any Merit which would shine and be distinguish’d in other Regions of the -Earth, I shall be ready to do Justice in that Point also, by letting him -know in what part of the World he may be sure to find a proper Reward. - -But I can’t conclude, without seriously lamenting the great Detriment -like to accrue to our Nation by the Stir which has been made about this -foul Imposture, both by the Actors and Examiners of it; and that as well -in regard to the Warreners and Poulterers, (who complain that the -Consumption of Rabbits, within this Metropolis, is become, by two -thirds, less than it was formerly;) as in relation to those obscene and -indecent Images, which for more than these nine Days last past, beyond -all Example, have fill’d the Minds, and furnish’d out the Conversation -of People of all Ranks, Ages and Conditions. And whether Ideas of this -Nature are fit to be put into the Heads of rude Boys, Boarding-school -Girls, and Old Maids, I leave every discreet and prudent Matron to -judge. - - - _FINIS._ - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES - - - 1. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling. - 2. Anachronistic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as - printed. - 3. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's The Anatomist Dissected, by Lemuel Gulliver - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ANATOMIST DISSECTED *** - -***** This file should be named 61044-0.txt or 61044-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/1/0/4/61044/ - -Produced by Richard Tonsing and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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