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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..52920bf --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #60636 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/60636) diff --git a/old/60636-0.txt b/old/60636-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index aac7471..0000000 --- a/old/60636-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2461 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Granite Monthly. Vol. II. No. 7. Apr., -1879, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll -have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using -this ebook. - - - -Title: The Granite Monthly. Vol. II. No. 7. Apr., 1879 - A New Hampshire Magazine devoted to Literature, History, - and State Progress - -Author: Various - -Release Date: November 5, 2019 [EBook #60636] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GRANITE MONTHLY. VOL. *** - - - - -Produced by Richard Tonsing and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - -[Illustration: _John H. George_] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - ——THE—— - GRANITE MONTHLY. - _A MAGAZINE OF LITERATURE, HISTORY, AND STATE PROGRESS._ - VOL. II. APRIL, 1879. NO. 7. - - - - - COL. JOHN HATCH GEORGE. - - -When a biographer encounters the duty of describing, in the abstract, a -character which demands greater elaboration in order to do it reasonable -justice, he must be excused for the roughness of the outlines, which, -with the proper shadings thrown in, would give his descriptive picture -more satisfactory approximation to its required fidelity. In the present -instance limitation of space, and partial opportunity to glean matters -of fact and incident suitable for biographical record, justify the claim -on the reader for such excuse. In so far as details are given, however, -they will be found correct. - -JOHN HATCH GEORGE, son of John George, Esq., and Mary Hatch, his wife by -a second marriage, was born in the house in Concord, N. H., now the -Colonel’s residence in that city, on the twentieth day of November, -1824, and is now, therefore, in his fifty-fifth year. The native place -of his father was Hopkinton, but from his early manhood until the period -of his death he was a resident in Concord, where he held the common -respect of the citizens as a man of great energy and of unalloyed -integrity. He died in 1843. Mary Hatch, mother of the subject of this -sketch, survived her husband four years. She was a daughter of Samuel -Hatch, Esq., of Greenland. Of the same family were the father of Hon. -Albert R. Hatch of Portsmouth, and the mother of John S. H. Frink, Esq., -both of whom stand high in professional and political relations in New -Hampshire—worthy descendants of a worthy ancestry, noted for great -native abilities, honesty, industry and perseverance. - -The boyhood of Col. George, as contemporaries say, was unmarked by any -special indication of that decided description which sometimes heralds a -boy’s preference for a life pursuit. He was slow neither at learning or -at play. If he had a prevailing passion it was for the possession and -care of domestic animals, on which he lavished great wealth of kindness, -a quality which has grown with his growth and strengthened with his -strength. His farm manager is authority for the opinion that “he would -kill his animals with kindness were they so unfortunate as to have his -constant personal attendance.” His love for rural pursuits was a -hereditament, and also clings to him with increasing vigor unto this -day. - -He was educated at the public schools in Concord, and was fitted for -college at the Old Academy in that city. He entered as a student at -Dartmouth college in 1840, without having any special profession in -future view, and deported himself with credit while there. When his -father died, some three years afterward, he had to resign his college -course, but his graduating degree, and that of Master of Arts, was -subsequently conferred on him by the Faculty of Dartmouth. - -It was fortunate for him, and largely also due to the promising -character of young George, at this most important period of his life, -that his family enjoyed the friendship of Ex-President Franklin Pierce. -All who were privileged with the personal acquaintance of that eminent -man knew the peculiar skill he had in the discovery of latent merit -among the youth whom he honored with his friendship, and the more than -kindly interest he took in many, who, only for his encouragement, would -have lacked the spirit to aspire. Without previous consultation -concerning his inclination towards the study of law, Gen. Pierce invited -young George to enter his office and prepare for admission to the bar. -That the youth had what is called “a legal mind” had been a quiet -discovery made by his friend and patron, who was then at the head of the -law-firm, in Concord, of Pierce & Fowler. Here, for three years, Col. -George applied himself diligently to his studies, passed a reputable -examination, and was admitted to the bar in 1846, and at once entered -into partnership with Gen. Peaslee, and on the practice of law under the -firm-name of Peaslee and George, which united interest continued until -1851, when he formed a copartnership with Sidney Webster, Esq. - -Prior to his majority Col. George had been hovering round the verge of -politics, and, at every circuit of the whirlpool he was drawn nearer to -its vortex. For many years, and with but few interruptions, the -Democracy had guided the politics of New Hampshire up to 1847, when the -Colonel held his first public office as clerk of the State Senate. This -office he filled in 1848, and again in 1850. In 1849 he was appointed -Solicitor for the county of Merrimack, re-appointed in 1854, and removed -by address, solely for political reasons, in 1856. - -The same year in which he was made Solicitor for Merrimack county he was -married to Miss Susan Ann Brigham, daughter of Levi Brigham, Esq., of -Boston. Mrs. George died in 1863, leaving five children—three sons and -two daughters. In 1865 he was again married to Miss Salvadora Meade -Graham, daughter of Col. James D. Graham, of the United States -Engineers. He has had one daughter by this marriage. His eldest son, -John Paul, graduated last year at Dartmouth college, and is now studying -at Harvard Law School. His eldest daughter, Jane Pierce, is married to -Mr. H. E. Bacon, of Portland, Maine, and his second son, Charles -Peaslee, is at the United States Naval School at Annapolis, Md. A son -and daughter—Benjamin Pierce and Ann Brigham—are at home. - -Famous as the bar of New Hampshire has been for its eminent men, few of -their number gained, so early in their legal career as did Col. George, -such reputation for skill and devotion to the interests of clients. His -success was remarkable, and yet it was simply the meet reward of the -most devoted study and perseverance in professional duty. Gifted with a -powerful physical organization he accomplished miracles of labor in the -legal and political fields. He was fortunate in the sympathy and aid he -received in both relations from his partners, Gen. Peaslee and Sidney -Webster, Esq., and until the latter gentleman, in 1852, became the -private Secretary of President Franklin Pierce, when the brief -copartnery was dissolved. In 1853 he formed another partnership with -Judge William L. Foster, with which Hon. Charles P. Sanborn, ex-Speaker -of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, subsequently became -associate. The firms thus severally constituted held high reputation in -the locality and state, and managed, with admirable skill, and great -success, many of the prominent civil and criminal cases in Merrimack, -Grafton, and other counties in the state. Our gleanings are defective in -their record of the leading cases—civil and criminal—in which Col. -George had prominence as leading counsel, as public prosecutor, or -otherwise. He was prosecutor in the case of State _v._ Haskell, a negro -man, and wife, in 1855, when sentence of death passed on Haskell for -murder, which doom was commuted to imprisonment for life. Being -officially engaged on this trial the memory of the writer enables him to -state that the conduct of this case by the prosecutor was managed with -great skill, and without that redundancy of immaterial testimony, and -surplusage of words in argument, which very often render trial -proceedings, which ought to be of grave and dignified character, almost -ludicrous. Other capital cases, defended by Col. George, and followed by -acquittals, were those of State _v._ Scammel, tried in Grafton county; -State _v._ Young, tried in Rockingham county, and State _v._ Sawyer, -decided in Grafton county. Among Col. George’s more memorable civil -cases were those of Smith _v._ the Boston, Concord and Montreal -railroad; Concord railroad _v._ Clough; Frost _v._ the city of Concord; -Tufts’ Brick Company _v._ Boston and Lowell railroad, and, recently, and -still unfinished, the suit Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the pier -accident case at Salem. - -In 1851 and during the two succeeding years, and again in 1856, he was -chairman of the Democratic state committee, during which he did much -active service. He was especially prominent in organizing the -Presidential campaign which resulted in the election of his intimate -personal friend—Gen. Franklin Pierce. From 1852 until 1860 he was a -member of the national Democratic committee; and, from 1853 until 1858, -he was United States Attorney for New Hampshire. In 1853 he was elected -a member of the state legislature, but he resigned his seat on accepting -the appointment of U. S. Attorney. - -It may properly be mentioned here that Col. George had a narrow escape -from becoming Secretary for the territory of Minnesota. That appointment -was offered him and accepted, and all arrangements were made to enable -him to go to the north-west. On going to Washington he was informed by -President Pierce that he need not hasten his departure for a couple of -weeks, nor until the President and he should have an opportunity to talk -over old home matters; but some business having been left undone in New -Hampshire by the colonel, he sought permission to return and complete -it, for which he had leave. On arriving at home such was the pressure -brought to bear on him by his old clients, and such the importance and -value of new encouragements presented him, as to induce him to give up -the Minnesota appointment and resume his profession in Concord, greatly -to the satisfaction of his friends in social, political and business -relations. - -Although primarily, in his military career, he was a member of that -numerous body which hold colonelcies by a merely ornamental tenure, it -cannot be said of him that he “never set a squadron in the field;” for, -besides being aid-de-camp and chief of staff of Gov. Dinsmore during -three years, up to 1850, for several years from the organization he -commanded company A. of the “Governor’s Horse Guards,” one of the -finest, best equipped and most thoroughly drilled cavalry corps in New -England, and one in which the people of the state had just pride. - -From 1847 until 1866, Col. George was clerk and counsel for the Concord -railroad. In 1867 he moved his office to Boston, he having accepted the -position of Solicitor for the Boston and Lowell and associate -railroads—a position he now holds. He has a peculiar fitness for this -office, through his being thoroughly conversant with railroads, their -laws and modes of their management. In February, 1870, at the special -request of the leading citizens of Concord, he delivered a public -address on “Railroads and their Management,” which was exhaustive of the -subject and created great local as well as wide national interest. It -was reported by a shorthand expert, published and extensively -circulated, and is held as reliable authority regarding the theory of -railroad management. His connection with railroads has been intimate and -extended. He is director of the Mount Washington, the Profile and -Franconia, and also of the Peterborough railways. He was one of the -originators and earliest advocates of the Concord and Claremont and -Contoocook Valley roads, and has aided largely in the construction of -the various lines which have conserved to Concord its centrality. There -are ways and means whereby men receive much popular reputation and -credit for services as hollow and objectless as those of Col. George -were substantial and valuable; yet it is but just to say in behalf of -the wise and discriminating among our people that they put the genuine -patriotic value on his efforts and esteem the man accordingly as a -people’s friend. - -Last year Col. George was appointed a Trustee for the N. H. Asylum for -the Insane. He has largely and influentially participated in local -affairs in Concord. For many years he labored earnestly in the -improvement of the public schools, and took deep interest in the -elevation of the standard of education taught therein. He invariably -upheld that the perfection of the school buildings was essential, as a -precursor of the required improvement in the educational course. Because -of this sentiment, he was employed on building committees chosen to -manage the erection of several of our school buildings, which, for -completeness and adaptability to their uses, Concord is so justly noted. -In 1877 he was chosen a member of the Board of Education of the Union -District. In course of his very active service in these relations, he -has never made pecuniary charge on his fellow citizens for his labors, -whether rendered as a lawyer or as a citizen. If the city records bear -any evidence of such charge having been recognized, whatever it may be, -the amount was never received by the colonel, but went back to the city -schools in some shape or another, useful and necessary. When the effort -to remove the State Capitol was made, he exerted every energy in his -power to prevent the success of this design, and labored with great -diligence and self sacrifice in that direction. - -As previously stated, Col. George entered the arena of politics almost -at the outset of his active life. Nature and mental acquirements -combined to give him prominence in politics while yet almost a youth. -His recognized energy and executive skill gave him the chairmanship of -the committee appointed to receive President Franklin Pierce on his -visit to his native State and home in 1854, and many will recollect the -success attending that great event. In 1859 he was the Democratic -nominee as candidate to represent the Second District in the House of -Representatives of the United States, but failed of an election. In 1863 -he was again nominated for that office, and made a vigorous canvass of -the district—making twelve addresses per week during a month or more—but -was again defeated after a very close vote. In 1866 he was the nominee -of the Democratic members of the legislature of that year as candidate -for the United States Senate. His fellow Democrats gave him the full -strength of their vote, but the Republicans were largely in the majority -against him. - -A man may be mistaken in his notions, and be very earnest and persistent -in their assertion, but he will be always respected when his views are -believed to be honestly entertained and pronounced. The people only hold -in contempt a man who has convictions, and who is afraid to express them -when circumstances demand their explanation. Col. George is no such man. -He is credited with thinking profoundly of what he says, and saying -firmly what he has thought. He may offend men’s opinions or prejudices -by what he says, but he seldom or ever loses their respect, because of -their conviction of his rigid honesty of argument or purpose. Socially -speaking, and notwithstanding his variance in political opinion with the -majority of his fellow citizens of Concord, no public man can count more -devoted personal friends and admirers amid his political opponents than -he. His experiences have proved the falsity of the poet’s contrary -assertion, and that honesty is not a ragged virtue, but a covering which -no good and patriotic man, and worthy citizen, can reputably refuse or -decline to wear. In all respects, aside from politics or matters of -public dispute, Col. George’s social character stands high among his -fellow citizens. - -The “brethren of the mystic tie” have in him an exalted member of their -most worthy fraternity. He exists among their number as a “Sovereign -Grand Inspector” of the 33d and final degree in Masonry, and as an -active member of the “Supreme Council of the Ancient and Accepted -Scottish Rite of the Northern Jurisdiction of the United States,” and -has taken all the lower degrees. He is a member of the Blazing Star -Lodge, and of the Mount Horeb Commandery of Concord, and was, for -several years, Commander of the latter organization. Of most of our -local charities, he is a quiet but liberal supporter; and the incidental -demands of benevolence find him always a ready friend. - -Notwithstanding the great pressure of professional and other duties, -much attention is given by Col. George to agriculture, and those -improvements connected therewith, sanctioned alike by modern science and -experience. He owns a fine farm just over the western boundary of -Concord, in the town of Hopkinton, where the improvement and enrichment -of the soil, and the breeding and raising of horses and Jersey cattle -form part of his summer pursuits. It is not certain that he will add -largely to his fortune by his efforts as a “gentleman farmer;” but the -external aspects of his management are such as to make those efforts -valuable, at least, as examples. His rules providing for cleanliness, -comfort and kindness towards his farm animals are seen in their fine -condition, and reported to be profitably justified by their superior -produce. No better proof of a man’s nobility in the ranks of humanity -can be found than in his kindness towards his dumb animals. - -And now, in conclusion, a few words as to Col. George’s status as a -politician and a lawyer. As has already been shown he is a Democrat. -Keeping always in view the foundation principles on which that policy -rests, he is what may be properly called a progressionist. He -recognizes—what many cannot do—the fact that the science of politics -advances, as does every other, and that, while fundamental principles -never vary, circumstances occur to change the rigid rule of their -application, though not to materially vitiate its force or shut it out -of due consideration. The political influences of today may not be fit -to govern in what those of tomorrow may demand; and he can only be a -narrow-minded man who can think otherwise and act accordingly. He -certainly can have no pure element of statesmanship within him. But -associated with this progressiveness there is no feature of vacillation -or radical change and departure from the organic principles of his party -in Col. George. He is as true as steel to both, and no man among the -Democracy of New Hampshire has a larger share of the confidence and -respect of his compatriots. His public addresses are held by his -admirers as models of honest, terse, pertinent and well-judged and -founded argument; and he certainly carries an audience along with him, -not by the use of clap-trap and sensationalism, but by the bold, acutely -analytical, and forcible representation of sound logical facts. He is -held to be one of the most solid, as well as most influential, stump -speakers in New Hampshire, and his political opponents do not deny this. -His memory acts as an encyclopedia of political history, state and -national, and this always gives him wonderful advantage as an impromptu -orator—a duty he has invariably to attend to when many or few are met -together for political deliberation. - -When his reputation and character as a lawyer comes up the writer -confesses that the task of describing the latter puzzles him somewhat. -There is no room for hesitation in saying that, in eminence of ability, -determination in arranging the means of success, preparation to meet and -confute opposing arguments, and unwavering general devotion to what he -deems the just interests of his clients, no professional man in New -England is more than his peer. To gainsay this fact would be to -controvert the opinions of the best men on the bench and at the bar, and -to attribute solely to friendly admiration what is assuredly a well -recognized truth. So much for reputation; but what can, or should, be -said as to Col. George’s manner as a lawyer? It is confident, -aggressive, bold and independent of every consideration but directness; -it shows no aspect of favor for aught but the purpose in issue. -Something has been here recorded of the qualities of his political -addresses. The same bold fearlessness of men, and of opposing opinions, -the same integrity of sentiment and expression, the same disregard of -what offence the truth, as he views it, may give to the opposition, are -characteristic of him as a pleader at law. Here, also, what may, and -does seem to sound harshly from his lips is materially reconciled to the -listener’s favorable judgment by the pleader’s manifest earnestness, -honesty and unadulterated devotion to the truth, and the interest of his -client, founded on his views thereof. There is no surplusage of words in -Col. George’s legal prelections. He is a very Gradgrind for facts, and -uses them always with direct and sledge-hammer force, cultivating -catapult pith rather than the pelting of his opposition with roses. -Every energy is directed towards power and conquering effect. To use the -expression of one who thoroughly knows the subject of this imperfect -sketch: “the man in trouble who has Col. George for his friend and -advocate is lucky indeed: he who is in legal difficulty, and has him to -oppose him is assuredly to be pitied.” - -Col. George is of robust build, about five feet ten inches in height, -approximates two hundred pounds weight, is of strong constitution, -enjoys excellent health, has immense working power of mind and body; -and, if all reports are true, it is not likely that he will live a long -and active life and go “over the hill to the poor-house” at its close. - - - - - _IN RUINS._ - - - BY ABBA GOOLD WOOLSON. - - All through the summer’s rosy hours - I built my castle fine; - And not a soul should dwell therein, - Save only mine and thine, - My Love, - In loneliness divine. - - No cost of make, or wealth of hue - I spared from base to dome; - Where lordly monarchs choose to bide - They rear a kingly home; - And so - This rose like silver foam. - - Stand here upon the sunlit plain - And see how fair it shines; - Untaught I planned its airy towers - And shaped its perfect lines; - For love - All excellence divines. - - But while I gaze, a dusky film - Across its splendor falls; - My purples and my gold are dim— - What ails the reeling walls? - What doom - Sends terror through its halls? - - The keen air sweeps adown the hill: - Give me a hand to hold; - I shiver in these breezes chill - That grow so fierce and bold, - Yet hearts - May laugh at Winter’s cold. - - That hand of thine, so fair and strong, - I thought could clasp me warm; - It melts within my burning grasp - Like touch of ghostly form; - I hear - No heart-beat through the storm. - - Great winds from out the heavens leap; - No castle-dome appears; - Rain dashes on mine upturned face, - To quench the hope of years: - Pour, floods; - Yet faster flow my tears. - - - - - _MARCH._ - - - BY ALICE ESTELLE FRIESE. - -It was a fierce, wild March night. One can fancy such scenes quite -comfortably in cheerful, well-lighted, close-curtained rooms; but to -breast the driving storm of sleet and rain outside, is quite another -matter. So thought Mr. Thorpe, a respectable tradesman in the thriving, -bustling town of L—— as he hurried on through the darkness, and the ever -increasing violence of the gale. - -Visions of the cosy parlor, with its tempting tea-table so daintily -arranged, and the pretty, charming wife who presides so gracefully, flit -across his brain; but even their alluring promises cannot blind him as -to the discomforts of the present; and with a gasp of despair he tucks -the wreck of an umbrella under his arm, buttons his heavy coat closer -around him, and strides on through the gloom. No one is astir tonight; -no sign of life meets him in the usually well-filled streets. “Everyone -is safely housed, but myself,” he mutters to the unpitying darkness. But -even as he is speaking, a form, tall and slight, starts out from the -shadows a few paces ahead, and pauses for a flash of time under the -uncertain light of the solitary street-lamp, which lamps in our aspiring -villages are placed at undeterminable distances from each other, -wherever one long straggling street happens to meet another, seeming to -say to the night pedestrian, “you have safely traversed the impenetrable -darkness thus far, behold I invite you to a continuation of the same.” - -As the figure, evidently a woman’s, stands thus for a moment clearly -defined against the dark background, Mr. Thorpe is half inclined to -fancy that it turns to meet his advancing steps with a gesture of -entreaty; then suddenly and swiftly glides on, and is lost from sight. - -I say he is inclined to fancy that she appealed to him for aid; but -being an extremely practical man, he never allows himself such vagaries; -so he banishes the fancy, and hurries on. At last he has reached his own -home. The cheery, welcoming light streaming out from the windows, sends -a cheerful, happy feeling through his entire being; and with a laugh of -defiance at the mad fury of the storm, he springs up the steps to the -sheltering porch, when suddenly at his very door his foot touches -something soft and yielding, while at the same time, a little troubled -cry is heard, mingled with the weird, uncanny voices of the wind. Half -in wonder, half in fear he seizes a mysterious bundle at his feet, and -presently appears before the astonished gaze of his wife, half drenched -with the storm, a hopeless expression of bewilderment and perplexity -upon his countenance, while in his arms he holds out for her inspection -the same mysterious bundle, from which various small cries issue, from -time to time, at irregular intervals. The contents of the aforesaid -bundle being duly examined, they prove none other than a round-faced, -charmingly beautiful, black eyed baby girl. There is nothing in the -“make-up” of the child or its wardrobe that even the most fastidious -might criticise; every article of clothing is of the finest texture, and -delicately wrought. Evidently this is a waif from the very lap of -luxury, and refinement; and yet an outcast and homeless. - -Tenderly, lovingly, pretty Mrs. Thorpe touches and caresses the little -stranger, saying half hesitatingly, “we will care for her tonight, -Charles, and tomorrow we must make an effort to find her parents; or if -they cannot be found, perhaps the matron of the orphans’ home would take -her; she seems so unusually interesting, that I should like to be sure -she is well cared for, if no one is to claim her.” - -“Claim her!” impatiently interrupts Mr. Thorpe; “You talk like a woman! -As if any one ever claimed what they were glad to be rid of.” “But,”—his -voice softening a little as he spoke, for in spite of himself the -remembrance of the unknown woman under the street-lamp, and her mute -appeal to him for sympathy and help, clings to him; and for once, -without arriving at his conclusion by a careful method of reasoning, -very unlike his usual self, he in some strange, undefined way, closely -associates in his mind the memory of this woman, and the presence of the -little stranger in his home— - -“But, Mary, you might as well keep the child; she seems as well disposed -as such afflictions usually are, and although I don’t approve of babies, -and therefore wash my hands of the whole affair, still it might be a -good thing for you; the vacant place in the household, you know, will at -last be filled.” - -Still later, after Mrs. Thorpe had succeeded in coaxing the smiles to -chase away the tears, and to play hide and seek among the convenient -dimples in the baby’s cheeks and chin, she ventures the question, “What -shall we call her?” for of course every baby must have a name. - -“Call her March; it would be quite apropos,” suggests her husband -quickly. “Yes, but,” said Mrs. Thorpe, “it seems almost like an evil -omen to give her such a dreary, cheerless name.” “Nonsense, my love,” -returns Mr. Thorpe, “What’s in a name?” And so it is settled, and baby -March henceforth becomes an important member of the Thorpe household. - -If I were giving a sermon, instead of attempting to write a story, I -should here remark that Mrs. Thorpe was of the type of women that many -men most desire for a wife—pretty, gentle, submissive, yielding, and for -the good of the human race in general. I would urge the fair sex to -fashion themselves in an entirely different mould; and, whether matron -or maid, to stand firm and self-reliant in their own true womanhood; -for, although these shy, helpless, clinging ways may seem to the -masterful lover the very embodiment of womanly grace, yet they only tend -to make the one selfish and arrogant, and the other abject and -unwomanly. But as such is not my purpose, I shall leave all this unsaid, -and proceed at once with the story. - -Time drags wearily with the heavy-hearted, and all too quickly speeds -with the gay. To Mr. Thorpe’s quiet home it has brought no sudden -transformation. The head of the house has gone on in his matter-of-fact -way, adding, year by year, to his well-filled coffers, until he has come -to be acknowledged in business parlance, “one of the heaviest men of the -town,” which is quite as true literally. Mrs. Thorpe, the matron, is as -charming and pretty as the Mrs. Thorpe of earlier years; while March has -grown from babyhood past childhood into dawning womanhood, the pet and -idol of the home. No clue has ever been given as to her mysterious -advent among them; no trace of the unknown woman who, solitary and -alone, traversed the deserted streets on that wild March night. -Incredulous people have long since ceased to regard this phase of the -night’s experience. For how could any strange person, and a woman, go in -and out among them, without the fact being noted and commented upon by -some of the news-mongers. An utterly impracticable story! Thus the -matter has been satisfactorily settled to their minds. And even Mr. -Thorpe, from puzzling over the perplexing question so long, has been -inclined to doubt its reality, and has even allowed himself to think -that possibly it might have been a sort of optical illusion; or, more -improbable still, an unreal presence from the shadowy land, supposed to -be inhabited by the guardian attendants of finite creatures, and -conditions. But be that as it may, he has somehow during these years -fallen a victim to the strange lovableness and fascinating wiles of his -adopted daughter; and has grown fonder of her than he would be willing -to acknowledge. - -A rare, beautiful creature she certainly has become, with a dusky, -richly colored style of beauty quite unknown among the passionless, -phlegmatic people of our sturdy north. A form, slight, childlike, with a -peculiar undulating grace of movement, a complexion brown as the nuts of -our own forests, yet crimson as the reddest rose; wavy masses of ebon -hair, catching odd gleams in the sunlight, blue-black and purplish like -a raven’s wing, eyes capable of wonderful transitions, now full of joy, -laughter, and sunshine, now flashing scorn and defiance, or heavy with -midnight gloom. A strange child, full of wild vagaries and incontrolable -impulses. Mrs. Thorpe could no more understand her nature or check her -fierce impetuosity, than she could with her weak hands stay the torrent -of the mountain stream, or control the headlong speed of the wind, as it -eddies and whirls in its mad dance. And so, unchecked and unrestrained, -March has entered upon her regal, imperious womanhood. - -Naturally, of course, there are many manly hearts eager to pay homage at -so fair a shrine; but Mr. Thorpe with paternal pride, has set his heart -on securing an eligible partner for his darling. And so it begins to be -rumored around town, that Hon. Elwyn Reeves has out-distanced all -competitors, and is in fact, the betrothed husband of the beautiful -March. To be sure, he is her senior by many years, but he comes from a -long line of aristocratic ancestors, and has added to his proud name a -princely fortune, as his solid, elegant home, away upon the hill, -frowning in its imposing stateliness upon its humbler, less aspiring -neighbors, attests. - -“A very good match indeed, considering her mysterious and somewhat -doubtful parentage, a remarkable _chef-d’œuvre_ of fortune for her;” say -anxious mammas and disappointed maidens. Mr. Thorpe is pre-eminently -satisfied, and if March herself shows no gratification in regard to her -good fortune, it is to be attributed to her peculiar disposition, at -times so reticent and reserved. Thus Mr. Thorpe quiets any scruples he -may have entertained as he remembers how listlessly and wearily March -replied, when he had mentioned Mr. Reeves’ proposal, and dwelt warmly -upon the happiness in store for her as his wife. “It shall be as you -wish, papa, you may, if you desire it, give Mr. Reeves a favorable -answer when he calls.” But of course she was happy; any sensible person -would be with such a future in anticipation. - -All are therefore quite unprepared for the announcement that Mrs. Thorpe -with ashen face, and broken, quivering voice, first communicates to her -husband, that the servants quickly catch up and carry into the streets; -that in an incredibly short time is upon every tongue—March has left -them, as mysteriously and silently as she came among them. - -“Where had she gone, and why?” These were questions with which -speculative minds were for sometime busy, and anxious. Questions which -were never answered to them. She had gone, leaving no trace behind. In a -little note addressed to her foster-parents, she left them her dear love -and a farewell. She should never, never forget their goodness and -tenderness to her; she had been happy with them, but she had chosen for -herself another life, and a happier, and she must needs live it. That -was all. After a while other faces came, and crowded the memory of hers -away. The house on the hill soon found a mistress, who brought to her -husband as a dower in the place of March’s queenly beauty, a fortune -equal in magnificence to that of its owner, and so he was content. It is -one of the laws of compensation that gives one good in the place of -another taken. Only Mr. and Mrs. Thorpe long remembered, loved, and -waited for the lost one. - -Every story must have its sequel, so has mine. I think it was five years -before it came. - -In a tiny cottage, embowered and hidden by luxuriant vines and thick, -swaying foliage, in a quaint little town, in a clime where the warmth -and glory and brightness of the midday sun is never paled and dimmed by -snow-hung clouds, where the air is heavy with the perfume of a thousand -flowers, and balmy with the luscious breath of tropical fruits; where -over the senses, and into the soul, steal a dreamy, blissful languor, -and a strange, beautiful peace, a woman in all her glorious womanhood -lay dying. And yet, death does not seem very near to that young creature -who reclines on a low couch by the open window, watching and dreaming -with a far away look in the shadowy eyes, and a beautiful smile upon the -radiant face. A man with blue eyes, full of woman’s tenderness, and hair -and beard of silvery whiteness, is standing at her side. And now the -woman, turning her large, dark eyes full upon him, speaks in a low, -musical voice that thrills the listener with a subtile sense of pleasure -and of pain. “Dearest and best of friends, I am come very near to the -place where the finite and the infinite meet, and blend together, and -are lost in one. The past is vanishing like a glad dream, so brief, and -yet so full of joy and completeness. All the unrest, and wild, -passionate longing seem very far away from me now, such a strange, -restful life has come to me. I have been thinking, perhaps it may be -that some lives gather their full measure of sunshine and beauty in a -very little time, while others are longer upon the way. And so, I have -taken my happiness in one delicious draught, and now hold life’s empty -goblet in my hands. I have been waiting for this; my fate was sealed -when, a twelve-month ago, they told me that my voice was irrecoverably -gone; for with it I had lost my art, and that to me was simply life. -Well, it is best so. It may be in that unknown beyond, whither I am -hastening, I shall find mine own again, and my soul shall be satisfied. -Today I have been living again my old life, a stranger and an alien, and -yet tenderly cared for by warm, loving hearts. I suppose they mourned -when they discovered that their wild, willful March had flown. The -remembrance of the pain I caused them has been my only regret in this -new life of mine—this wonderful, grand life—and I owe it all to you, my -mother’s friend and mine. After I am gone, you will send to my dear -foster-parents my good-bye message. I have told them all. Of my vain -struggles to find my place among the eager, restless throng in the -great, busy world, with only a wild, untrained voice and an -unconquerable will to aid me. Of my finding a friend, the dearest friend -of my angel mother, who patiently, lovingly bore with my capricious, -impetuous nature, and with lavish prodigality helped me on toward the -wished for golden goal. And then how destiny pressed close upon me, with -his black pinions o’ershadowing me, and the fiat was—“Thus far shalt -thou go, and no farther.” Possibly they may not understand it all. They -will think sadly that my life has been a failure, and it may have been; -still I am glad to have lived it. It has been grand, glorious, and yet I -am a little weary, and am impatient for the end. - -And very soon it came, and March went from the storm, and the tempest, -the longing and the pain, into light ineffable, and peace eternal. - - - - - _PURE AS THE LILIES._ - - - BY HENRIETTA E. PAGE. - - She held out her hands for the lilies, - Her blue eyes so eager and bright, - And holding them close to her bosom, - She murmured her soft toned “Dood night.” - - “Ah! baby, my own little darling, - Though the lilies be never so fair, - The gold at their hearts is no brighter - Than the glinting strands of your hair.” - - As you in my arms slumber lightly, - Your bright lashes kiss your fair cheek, - I pray the kind God to keep safely - My own little blossom so meek. - - Then laying her safe in her cradle, - The lilies clasped close to her breast, - And kissing her dewy lips softly, - I leave her alone to her rest. - - The breath of the flowers is no sweeter - Than the breath of my babe I ween, - The petals no whiter or purer - Than the soul of my wee heart’s queen. - - South Boston, Mass. - - - - - _MEN OF OLD NOTTINGHAM AT THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL._ - - - BY JOHN SCALES, DOVER, N. H. - -That old Roman, Sallust, says: “Surely fortune rules all things. She -makes everything famous or obscure rather from caprice than in -conformity with truth. The exploits of the Athenians, as far as I can -judge, were very great and glorious, something inferior, however, to -what fame has represented them. But because writers of great talent -flourished there, the actions of the Athenians are celebrated over the -world as the most splendid achievements. Thus the merit of those who -have acted is estimated at the highest point to which illustrious -intellects could exalt it in their writings.” - -Also, that latest of classical authors, Josh Billings, says: “Young man, -blow your own horn!” These quotations express exactly the way in which -the illustrious intellects of authors in Modern Athens (of America) have -exalted the deeds of Massachusetts’ heroes to such a degree that most -people, outside of New Hampshire, do not suppose our state had much to -do at the battle of Bunker Hill, whereas New Hampshire men constituted -nearly four fifths of all the men and officers in that battle. Therefore -I think I have just cause to “blow my horn” for my native town, and my -ancestors who fought in that battle. - -Old Nottingham comprised a tract of land supposed to be ten miles -square, and which is now Nottingham, Deerfield and Northwood. It was -incorporated in 1722, and settlements commenced in it soon after, at the -“Square,” a beautiful ridge of land about 450 feet above the sea level. -At the beginning of the Revolution, Nottingham had 999 inhabitants, -Deerfield 929, and Northwood 313. The records show that the people were -making preparations for the coming conflict, and had sent generous -assistance to the “Industrious Poor sufferers of the town of Boston” -during the siege. During the winter of 1774–5, Dr. Henry Dearborn had a -company of men which met at the Square to drill from time to time. In -November, 1774, a town-meeting was held and a committee appointed to -“Inspect into any Person,” suspected of being a Tory. - -On the 20th of April, 1775, news reached the Square that a battle had -been fought the day before, and in the evening a large number of -citizens assembled at the store of Thomas Bartlett. On the 21st, at 4 -o’clock, a company of nearly one hundred men commenced their march for -Boston, being armed and equipped as best they could at such short -notice. - -Some say that Joseph Cilley was the leader of this band of heroes, but -others say Dr. Henry Dearborn was captain, and probably he was, as he -had been drill-master all winter, and was captain of the company after -they arrived in Cambridge. They marched on foot all night, and arrived -in Medford at eight o’clock on the morning of the 22d, some of the -company having traveled, on foot, more than eighty miles since the -previous noon, and over roads which were far from being in the best -condition for rapid traveling. - -I have searched records a great deal and inquired of the “oldest -inhabitant,” whenever I could find him, that I might secure a complete -list of the men who constituted this company, but of the hundred I can -only give the following names with certainty. If any reader of this -article can add a name he will do me a great favor by forwarding it to -me: - -Dr. Henry Dearborn, Joseph Cilley, Jr., Thomas Bartlett, Henry Butler, -Zephaniah Butler, John Simpson, Nathaniel Batchelder, Daniel Moore, -Peter Thurston, Maj. Andrew McClary, Benjamin Johnson, Cutting Cilley, -Joseph Jackson, Andrew Neally, Samuel Johnson, Robert Morrison, William -Woolis, Eliphlet Taylor, William Blake, Nathaniel Twombly, Simon -Batchelder, Abraham Batchelder, Simon Marston, Moses Gilman, William -Simpson, John Nealey, and Samuel Sias. Let us briefly glance at the -record of some of these men in the years that came after. - -Henry Dearborn was born in Hampton, Feb. 23, 1751. He studied medicine -and settled at Nottingham Square as a physician, in 1772. He married -Mary D. Bartlett, daughter of Israel, and sister of Thomas Bartlett of -Nottingham. He was always fond of military affairs, and is said to have -been a skilful drill-master and well posted in the tactics in use -previous to the Revolution. He fought with his company at the battle of -Bunker Hill. In the September following, he joined Arnold’s expedition -to Quebec, accompanied by these Nottingham men,—James Beverly, John P. -Hilton, Samuel Sias and Moses Gilman. They marched up the Kenebec river, -through the wilds of Maine and Canada. In the assault upon that city, -Captain Dearborn was taken prisoner. Peter Livias, the Tory councilor at -Quebec, influenced the authorities to parole and send him home, on -condition that Dearborn should forward his wife and children to him from -Portsmouth to Quebec, which was done as agreed. In April, 1777, Capt. -Dearborn was appointed Major in Scammel’s regiment. He was in the -battles of Stillwater and Saratoga and fought with such bravery, having -command of a distinct corps, as to win the special commendation of Gen. -Gates. In 1778, he was in the battle of Monmouth, with Col. Cilley -acting as Lieut. Col., and helped retrieve Lee’s disgraceful retreat. He -was with Gen. Sullivan in his expedition against the Indians, in 1779, -and was at Yorktown at the surrender of Cornwallis in 1781. Upon the -death of Scammel, the gallant Colonel of the Third N. H. Reg., at the -hands of a barbarous foe, Dearborn was made Colonel and held that -position to the end of the war. After the war, he settled in Maine, -where he was Marshal by appointment of Washington. He was two terms a -member of Congress; Sec’y of War under Jefferson from 1801 to 1809; -collector of the port of Boston between 1809–12; senior Maj. General in -U. S. Army, 1812–13,and captured York in Canada, and Fort George, at the -mouth of Niagara. He was recalled by the President, July 6, 1813, and -put in command of the military district of N. Y. City, which recall was, -no doubt, a great mistake. In 1822 he was appointed Minister -Plenipotentiary to Portugal; recalled in 1824, at his own request: died -at Roxbury, Mass. June 6, 1829. General Dearborn was a man of large -size, gentlemanly deportment, and one of the bravest and most gallant -men of his time. - -Joseph Cilley, son of Capt. Joseph Cilley of Nottingham, was born in -1734; died 1799. He was engaged in the attack upon Fort William and -Mary, in 1774; appointed Major in Col. Poor’s regiment by the Assembly -of N. H. in 1775; he was not present in the battle of Bunker Hill, as -his regiment was engaged in home defence. He was made Lieut. Col. in -1776, and April 2, 1777, was appointed Colonel of the 1st. N. H. Reg. of -three years’ men, in place of Col. Stark, resigned. He fought his -regiment bravely at Bemis’s Heights, near Saratoga; and two weeks later -was among the bravest of the brave, when Burgoyne made his final attack -before surrendering his entire army of six thousand men. So fierce was -the battle, that a single cannon was taken and retaken five times; -finally, Col. Cilley leaped upon it, waved his sword, and “dedicating -the gun to the American cause,” opened it upon the enemy with their own -ammunition. He was with Washington’s army at Valley Forge, 1777–8; was -at the storming of Stony Point; at Monmouth he was one of the heroes in -retrieving Gen. Lee’s retreat; was at the surrender of Cornwallis at -Yorktown, and in other hard-fought battles of the Revolution. After the -war he was Major-General of the 1st Div. N. H. militia, and as such -headed the troops which quelled the insurrection at Exeter in 1786, with -his own hand arresting the leader in the midst of his armed followers. -Gen. Cilley was a man of great energy and industry, of strong passion, -yet generous and humane. He was repeatedly elected representative, -senator and councillor. - -Thomas Bartlett was born Oct. 22, 1745; married Sarah, daughter of Gen. -Joseph Cilley; was town-clerk twenty-six years; selectman thirty years; -was the first representative from Nottingham to the General Court in -1784; was one of the Committee of Safety which managed the colonial -affairs of New Hampshire during part of the Revolution; was captain of -the 5th company of “six weeks” men at Winter Hill in 1775; was Lieut. -Col. in Col. Gilman’s regiment, in 1776; Lieut. Col. in Col. Whipple’s -regiment at Rhode Island, in 1778; also was Lieut. Colonel under Stark -at the capture of Burgoyne. In 1780 he was Colonel of a regiment at West -Point, when Arnold betrayed that fort. In 1790 he was appointed Justice -of the Court of Common Pleas, and retained that office till his death in -1805. He was Major-General of first division of New Hampshire militia -from 1799 to 1805, in which office he was preceded by Gen. Joseph -Cilley, and followed by Gen. Henry Butler. - -Henry Butler was a son of Rev. Benjamin Butler, the first settled -minister in Nottingham, and was born April 27, 1754. He was captain of a -company in Col. Thomas Bartlett’s regiment at West Point, in 1780. He -held many town and state offices; was the first postmaster in -Nottingham, when Gideon Granger was Postmaster-General; and was -Major-General of the first division of New Hampshire militia from 1805, -for several years. - -Zephaniah Butler, brother to Rev. Benjamin, was a school teacher in -Nottingham for many years preceding the Revolution, and was one of Col. -Cilley’s staff officers during several campaigns. He married a sister of -Col. Cilley; Gen. B. F. Butler, whom everybody knows, is his grandson, -he being son of Capt. John Butler of Deerfield, who was son of -Zephaniah. - -Cutting Cilley, brother of Col. Joseph Cilley, was born in 1738, and -died in 1825; he held many town offices, and was captain of a company in -one of the New Hampshire regiments during the Revolution. - -John Simpson, born in 1748, and dying in 1810, is said to have been the -man who fired the first gun at the battle of Bunker Hill. In 1778, he -was lieutenant in Capt. Simon Marston’s company, Col. Peabody’s -regiment; and was subsequently promoted to major. His brother, Robert, -who also served in the Revolutionary army, is the great grandfather of -General Ulysses Simpson Grant. - -Nathaniel Batchelder, who was a brother-in-law of Col. Cilley, fought in -the battle of Bunker Hill, under Capt. Dearborn, and was adjutant in -Col. Drake’s regiment, which did brave service in the battle of -Stillwater, Saratoga, and the surrender of Burgoyne. He died of fever at -Valley Forge, March 28, 1778. - -Daniel Moore kept the first tavern at Deerfield Parade; fought at Bunker -Hill and in subsequent battles; was captain in Col. Stark’s regiment, -and did valiant service during the war. - -Andrew McClary was from Epsom and belonged to a family distinguished for -its military men. He was plowing in his field on the 20th of April, -1775, when he _heard a horn blow_, which, on the instant, he knew was -the tocsin of war; he left his plow in the furrow, and after the -speediest preparation, hastened to Deerfield Parade and thence to -Nottingham Square, where he joined Capt. Dearborn’s company. After they -arrived in Cambridge he was active in helping organize the New Hampshire -men into companies and was himself appointed major in Col. Stark’s -regiment. He fought with his regiment at Bunker Hill, and was killed -after the battle, in attempting to have “another shot at the enemy.” - -Robert Morrison was born and lived on the Square; he was a member of Dr. -Dearborn’s company, which drilled during the winter of 1774–5, and a -private in Capt. Dearborn’s company in the battle of Bunker Hill. In the -September following he was bearer of dispatches from Washington to the -Committee of Safety in New Hampshire, by whom he was treated with -distinguished honors. In 1777 he was a private in Col. Stark’s regiment, -and fought bravely in all the battles till the surrender of Burgoyne. -His son, Robert Morrison, Esq., resides in Northwood at the present -time. - -Joseph Jackson was sergeant in Capt. Dearborn’s company at Bunker Hill, -afterwards served in several campaigns and was captain of a company. - -Samuel Johnson was not in the Bunker Hill fight, but was in the campaign -of 1777, at Bennington, Stillwater and Saratoga, and took an active part -under a commission which gave him the rank of colonel. He was one of the -first settlers of Northwood at the Narrows, and was one of the selectmen -of the town for fifteen years. - -Simon Marston was from Deerfield, having settled on the Longfellow farm -in 1763; he lived in the garrison house, erected by Jonathan Longfellow. -He was sowing wheat when the courier, shouting the news of the battle of -Lexington, rode past the field where he was at work. Marston left the -measure, from which he was sowing, rushed to the house, filled his -knapsack with pork and other necessaries, seized his gun, and hurried -down to the Square. He acted in the capacity of an officer in Col. -Reed’s regiment at Bunker Hill; was an officer under Lieut. Col. Senter; -was captain of 1st Co. Col. Peabody’s regiment; was afterwards -commissioned major and fought at Bennington, Stillwater and Saratoga. He -was a brave man in war and energetic in peace. The others named, -although they held no office of rank, were no less brave and faithful in -performing perilous duties, and deserve to have their names recorded -where they will never be forgotten. - -After the Nottingham men arrived in Cambridge, and saw there was no -danger of another attack immediately by the troops in Boston, several -returned home and commenced more thorough preparation for the coming -conflict, but Dr. Dearborn and most of the men remained and were -organized into a company, and Dearborn was elected captain the company -became a part of Col. Stark’s regiment and was stationed at Medford, -whence they marched on the 17th of June and participated in the glories -of “Breed’s Hill.” Captain Dearborn’s company was No. 8, but he marched -from Medford to the “Railfence,” by the side of Col. Stark. - -The following list of men comprising this company is no doubt correct, -as it was furnished by Judge Nesmith for Cogswell’s “History of -Nottingham, Deerfield and Northwood,” and the Judge is one of the best -authorities in the State in such matters. The men were nearly all from -old Nottingham: - - Captain, Henry Dearborn, Nottingham. - 1st Lieut., Amos Morrill, Epsom. - 2d Lieut., Michael McClary, Epsom. - 1st Sergt., Jona. Clarke, Nottingham. - 2d Sergt., And. McGaffey, Epsom. - 3d Sergt., Jos. Jackson, Nottingham. - 1st Corp., Jonah Moody, Nottingham. - 2d Corp., Andrew Field, Nottingham. - 3d Corp., Jona. Gilman, Deerfield. - 4th Corp., And. Bickford, Deerfield. - -Privates.—Simon Dearborn, Gideon Glidden, James Garland, John Harvey, -David Mudgett (of Gilmanton), Simon Sanborn, Robt. Morrison, John -Runnels, John Neally, Joseph Place, Abram Pettengale, Andrew Nealley, -Peter Severance, John Wallace, Theop. Cass (of Epsom), Israel Clifford, -Nathaniel Batchelder (of Deerfield), Jacob Morrill, John Simpson, John -Wallace, Jr., Neal McGaffey (of Epsom), Jonah Libbey, Moses Locke, -Francis Locke, Zebulon Marsh, Solomon Moody, Chas. Whitcher, Marsh -Whitten, Noah Sinclair (drummer), James Randell (fifer), Nich. Brown, -Benj. Berry (of Epsom), John Casey, Jona. Cram (of Deerfield), Jeremiah -Conner, Elisha Hutchinson, Dudley Hutchinson, Benj. Judkins, Josh. -Wells, Jere. Dowe, Jona. Dowe, John Dwyer, David Page, Jr., Beniah -Libbey, William Rowell, Weymouth Wallace (of Epsom), Thomas Walsh and -William McCrellis (of Epsom). - - - - - _THE N. H. SEVENTH AT FT. WAGNER._ - - - [From sketch of Lieut. HENRY W. BAKER, in Coffin’s History of Boscawen.] - -The command had been entrusted to Gen. Trueman H. Seymour, who -determined to make an assault. He knew nothing of the construction of -Ft. Wagner. No information of the impediments to be overcome had reached -him. Col. Putnam of the 7th, commanding the second brigade, opposed the -contemplated movement. - -“I do not think that we can take the fort,” he said; and when Gen. -Seymour reiterated his determination to make the attempt, Col. Putnam -said, “We shall go like a flock of sheep.” - -The sun had set, and the twilight faded. The soldiers were ordered to -remove the caps from the nipples of their rifles, and were told that -they must depend upon the bayonet alone. In the 100th N. Y., which -formed behind the 7th, this order was neglected. - -In the darkness the assaulting column moved forward. The iron-clads, and -the Union batteries opened a heavy fire, which was continued till the -column was so near that further firing would endanger it, when, at a -signal, all the Union batteries became silent. In an instant Ft. Wagner -was aflame. Its heavy siege guns, howitzers, and forty-two pounder -carronades burst forth, pouring a stream of shot and shell into the -advancing troops. And now, in addition, the parapet of the fort swarmed -with men, who, through the terrible cannonade of the day had been lying -securely beneath the bomb proofs. Mingled with the roar of the cannon -were their volleys of musketry. - -The first brigade had the advance. Its ranks went down like grass before -the mower. Some of the soldiers fled, panic stricken. The second -brigade, led by the 7th N. H., pressed on and filled the decimated -ranks. Suddenly they found themselves confronted by a ditch fifty feet -wide and ten feet deep, with four feet of water flowing into it. Only at -the south-eastern angle was it dry. It was enfiladed by howitzers. Into -the ditch leaped the soldiers. Grape and canister mowed them down, but -others crowded on. The 7th N. H., led by Lt. Col. Joseph C. Abbott, made -its way unfalteringly into the ditch, through it, and up the slope of -the parapet. Cannon and musketry blazed in their faces; and now there -was a flash behind them—the 100th N. Y., not having removed their caps, -were firing into the dark mass, not knowing who was friend, who foe. All -was confusion. All order disappeared. In the darkness no one could be -recognized. Amid the groans of the wounded, the shouting of officers, -the rattle of rifles, the roar of cannon, the bursting of shells, it was -impossible to maintain discipline. Col. Putnam, a few of his -subordinates, and one or two hundred men entered the fort. The enemy -charged, but were driven back. Col. Putnam was killed; one officer after -another went down. The reserve, which should have rushed up, did not -come. The assault had lost its force. Like sheep the Union soldiers fled -as best they could through the devastating fire, leaving a ghastly heap -of dead and wounded in the ditch, and on the parapet of the fort. Among -the killed was Henry W. Baker. By his side were Dexter Pritchard, -Liberty G. Raymond, and Alexander F. Stevens, from Boscawen, and of his -company, also killed. - -Among the wounded was Samuel McEvely, and among the prisoners was John -Clancy, who died in prison at Richmond. - -In his first battle, Lieut. Baker gave his life to his country. Those -who served under him speak of him with affection. He was cool and brave, -and ever mindful of his duty. He was buried where he fell, with his -commander, Col. Putnam, and his subordinates, Pritchard, Raymond, and -Stevens. - - - - - _UPWARD._ - - - BY MARY HELEN BOODEY. - - On the wings of my faith I aspire - O God! to rise higher and higher, - And to quaff of the scintillate springs - That flow all exhaustless from Thee, - Who art fountain, and haven, and sea, - And canst satisfy all who aspire. - - I mount and I mount through the air, - Borne up by the breath of my prayer, - Through waves of the sunshine of love; - Thy presence, O God! is the light, - Thou givest my spirit its flight, - Thou rulest below and above. - - I live in the glories of God, - I know that His merciful rod - Extends o’er a sorrowful world; - I see how His Providence glows - With sweet hues of azure and rose, - His banner, the heavens unfurled. - - The universe sings to my soul, - And I join with my voice in the whole, - And God is the spirit of Law; - The Power of blessing and blight, - The Giver of morning and night, - Whose judgments are all without flaw. - - Behold! I am given to see - That the darkness and sorrow that be, - Lie low and cling closely to earth; - But the light of God’s glory descends, - And the might of His justice attends - The souls that are weeping in dearth. - - A Hand that is brilliant with truth, - And gentle indeed in its ruth, - Shall point out the way and defend, - And the gloom of each fearful abyss, - The serpents that threaten and hiss, - Shall be conquered and slain to amend. - - - - - _IN BATTLE AND IN PRISON._ - A REMINISCENCE OF THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. - - - BY WILLIAM E. STEVENS. - -The events I am about to describe took place at a critical period of -“the war to keep the Union whole,” and cover that date in the career of -the army of the Potomac beginning with Hooker’s flank movement against -Lee, entrenched on the heights of Fredericksburg, and ending with the -disastrous repulse which attended that finely planned, yet poorly -executed, and ill-starred campaign. Of course, I am not writing history, -except in a small way; nor do I essay to describe in detail or with -accuracy the events in question. My purpose is to give my own -observations and experiences, mainly from memory, reinforced by a few -scraps and half-illegible memoranda saved from the accidents by flood -and field. - -I was a participant in many of the earlier battles fought by the army of -the Potomac; but my opportunities for acquiring accurate information -touching the general aspects of the field were necessarily limited to -that part of it within my own immediate range of vision, and even -here—so rigidly did our commanders aim to reduce us to mere -automatons—we were often in the dark as to the meaning of this or that -movement. I strove hard to master the situation, but not until the war -closed and the reports of commanders were given to the public, did I -have other than a very indefinite conception of much that transpired -about me. Why we made this or that change of front; why we were kept for -hours in line of battle beneath a broiling sun with no enemy in sight; -why we were rushed from one point to another in an apparently hap-hazard -manner, enduring fatigue and hunger and subsisting upon wormy -“hardtack;” why we were pushed against impregnable positions, when a -flank movement seemed to our inexperienced eyes the proper thing to -do—now fighting, now building corduroy roads, digging rifle-pits or -supporting batteries in our rear, which did more execution upon us, by -reason of defective ammunition, than upon the enemy—concerning all these -points, and many more we were anxious to be informed, but not one atom -of information could we get. - - “Ours not to inquire why, - Ours but to do and die.” - -Was this reticence in pursuance of the mistaken theory that machine -soldiers are best? Or was it because “some one had blundered,” and -ignorance or incapacity, or something still worse, could be the more -easily concealed? Whatever the reason, the fact remains that to the rank -and file much of the campaigning done up to 1863–64 seemed to them worse -than needless;—and looking back over that period with the light of -history thrown upon it, I am not prepared to say the rank and file were -mistaken in their estimate. I was impressed then, and the impression has -never been effaced, that the reticence observed toward the men in the -ranks touching what was going on about them, was a grievous error on the -part of our commanders. It is a question, certainly, whether it would -not have been better to have kept the “boys” informed of the real -military situation and of what they were expected to achieve. The belief -that much of the hardship endured was the result of blundering generals, -or, worse, of criminal indifference, did much to unman our soldiers and -cause them to lose faith and hope. Our volunteers were not machine -soldiers, as some of the West Pointers seemed to presume, but patriotic, -thinking and observing men who could fight best when they fought -understandingly. I am told that the rebel commanders pursued a different -policy, and although their soldiers were mentally inferior to ours, kept -them apprized of the general situation and of what they must do to -accomplish the end sought. Who shall say how many of the confederate -victories may be accredited to this fact, if it is a fact? But our -commanders, instead of trusting their men, either kept them in utter -ignorance of movements or foolishly deceived them. How well I remember -at the battle of Gaines’s Hill, where Jackson thrashed Porter so -soundly, and Sykes’s regulars failed to stand their ground, that the -story was industriously circulated along the thinned but unbroken ranks -of Bartlett’s Brigade, “McClellan’s in Richmond, boys. One more effort -and the day is ours!” And Meagher’s Irish Brigade, hastening to our -relief on the run, took up the cry and put on so determined a front that -Jackson’s veterans halted and reformed, giving our officers time to -re-establish their broken lines and hold their ground until night came -down and afforded them an opportunity to withdraw to the left bank of -the Chickahominy,—not to enter Richmond, but to begin that celebrated -“flank movement” which ended at Harrison’s Landing. Again, at second -Bull Run, when, after dawdling along all day on the road from Alexandria -to Centreville, with the sounds of conflict in our front (making a long -two hours’ rest at Annandale, and then marching at full speed in a hot -sun), we reached Centreville, we were told that Pope had whipped -Jackson, and that Lee with his whole army was in full retreat. But when -we reached Bull Run, “Linden saw another sight.” Heavens, what a -stampede! McDowell’s and Sigel’s corps in disastrous retreat,—cavalry, -artillery, infantry, ammunition and baggage wagons in one confused, -struggling mass, intent upon reaching the heights of Centreville. Our -corps (Franklin’s, 6th) had just halted to rest, as the stragglers came -into view. Deploying, we stopped the rout, and ended the retreat. -Seizing the infantry stragglers, we placed them in our own ranks until -our brigade swelled to twice its usual size. Night closed in, and we -were marched to the front across Cub Run, and ordered to hold our -position at all hazards. In that march every straggler deserted! Poor -fellows, who could blame them? Had they been killed then and there who -could have accounted for them? Most of them returned to their own -regiments and thereafter did good service no doubt. Panics are liable to -seize upon the best of troops. I cite these instances as partial -corroboration of my point. What wonder if our troops came to distrust -all reports and to depend only upon established facts. But perhaps our -commanders were right in concealing information from the army in -general, and Moore may have hit the nail on the head when he wrote: - - “A captain has been known to think, - Even colonels have been heard to reason; - And reasoners whether clad in pink, - Or red or blue, are on the brink, - Nine cases out of ten—of treason.” - -At any rate they conducted the war in harmony with such a belief. - -One battle only did I witness from the vantage ground of a -non-combatant, the first Fredericksburg fight, and I found it vastly -more interesting and conducive to personal ease and safety, if less -glorious. But this is not what I started out to tell the readers of this -Magazine. I am to relate my experience during that memorable episode -referred to in my opening paragraph. I must say at the outset that it -was an exceedingly checkered episode, so far as my memory serves me, for -within the time outlined I ran the gamut of a soldier’s -emotions—anxiety, uncertainty, fear, hope, the thrill of victory -succeeded all too quickly by the blackest despair; for success was -followed by repulse, and from an elated victor I became almost in a -twinkling, a captive in the hands of as ragged and as dirty a lot of -Johnny Rebs as ever fought with a courage worthy of a better cause,—a -part of Wilcox’s Alabama brigade, McLaw’s division. But I must not -anticipate. - -During the winter of 1862–63, our brigade lay encamped near White Oak -church, a locality about equi-distant, if my memory serves me, between -Falmouth on the Rappahannock and Belle Plain on the Potomac. It had had -ample time to recuperate from the fatigue of the “mud march,” as -Burnside’s second futile attempt to dislodge Lee from his entrenchments -about Fredericksburg, was facetiously termed, and as spring opened the -routine of life in cantonment was relieved by parades, reviews, -inspections, drills, and, occasionally, target practice. Meantime Hooker -had superceded Burnside in chief command, and a new and more vigorous -life had been infused into all branches of the service. This was -particularly true of the cavalry, which had fallen into general -disfavor. Under Hooker’s discipline it became very effective. The -high-sounding grand divisions had been broken up, and the over-cautious, -phlegmatic Franklin, relieved. With other changes, came Sedgwick to the -command of our corps—a great improvement in some respects on Franklin. -The cool and sagacious Slocum, so long at the head of the red-cross -division, had been promoted to the command of a corps, and Gen. Brooks, -as brave, perhaps, but a far less skilful soldier, had succeeded him, -having been promoted from the Vermont brigade. Gen. Joe Bartlett of New -York, commanded our brigade—a fine officer, and a lion in battle. A -brave man, too, was our Colonel, but deficient in tactical skill. He -might not “set a squadron in the field,” but he could face the enemy’s -line of battle without flinching. In action he was the embodiment of -pluck, and at such times he looked as if he might be the very - - “——Colonel - Who galloped through the white infernal powder cloud.” - -in continental days. But he did not appear to advantage on parade, being -undersized and awkward gaited, with a shrill, piercing voice, not unlike -that of the late Isaac O. Barnes, or the irrepressible Mel. Weston, and -totally indifferent to all the niceties of drill so pleasing to the -holiday soldier. On one occasion he forgot his place at a Brigade dress -parade, and was then and there rebuked sharply by the general. Meeting -the latter at headquarters the same evening, where a “reception” to the -officers of the brigade was in full career and good fellowship, aided by -copious draughts of “commissary,” abounded, the Colonel extended his -hand and piped out in a high key which attracted the attention of all -present: “Gineral, I’m not much at drill I confess, but I’ve got a -hell-fired stomach for a fight!” - -On the morning of the 28th of April, 1863, our regiment was ordered on -picket duty, but scarcely had we relieved the old picket guard when -orders came to return to camp, strike tents, and prepare to move at once -in heavy marching order. This meant work, but was an agreeable change. I -had only joined my regiment the day previous, after a brief leave of -absence, and was resplendent in a new uniform, sword, etc. Of course I -packed the uniform away, and left it in care of the sutler, while I -donned a knit blouse, and with a due regard for sharpshooters of which -the Confederacy had, as it always seemed to me when on the skirmish -line, more than its share, put myself in condition for serious work, -having nothing in the way of wearing apparel save my side-arms to -indicate military rank. Meantime a great change had been effected in our -winter quarters. The tents had been removed from the log huts to which -they had served as roofs and windows, and now the bare interiors, with -the debris strewn about, and broken chimneys and blackened walls alone -remained. A more dismal or melancholy sight than a deserted cantonment -cannot be conceived. “Warm work ahead, boys,” gaily and cheerily -remarked our jovial, stout-hearted adjutant, as he rode up to the head -of the regiment. It proved to be particularly hot for him, for he -received a wound in his head, in the charge on Marye’s Heights, that he -will carry to his grave, and which ended his military career, but not -his usefulness; for he is now a popular clergyman, a true soldier of the -cross, settled in Philadelphia, I believe. Our progress was slow, and -darkness intervened just as we reached a ravine leading down to the -narrow valley which skirts the river on that side. We bivouacked in our -tracks, not being allowed to kindle fires. Back over the route we had -come could be heard the rumble of artillery wagons and the tramp, tramp, -of marching columns. In front, silence reigned. Orders are issued in a -low tone; and that stern composure which soldiers assume when about to -encounter the enemy was apparent in the bearing of all. The officers -gather around their adjutant, who is a favorite at brigade and division -headquarters, to learn his views touching the movement. He thinks we are -in for a fight, and gives his opinion as to Hooker’s intentions. He is -sanguine of success.—We have hardly closed our eyes in sleep, when some -one calls out in a voice seemingly loud enough for the rebel pickets to -hear, “Where is Colonel Blank?” “Here, sir,” responds that officer, -rubbing his eyes. “What’s wanted?” “Gen. B. directs me to say that you -are to march your regiment to the bank of the river, form in line of -battle, and await further orders. You are to move expeditiously, with as -little noise as possible, following the pontoons.” The order is obeyed; -the regiment marching away in almost spectral silence. Debouching from -the ravine, the darkness deepens, for a dense fog hangs over the valley -of the Rappahannock like a pall. We file past the pontoon train, from -which the engineer corps are detaching the boats, silently and with all -the celerity possible—and stand upon the river’s brink. In our rear come -other regiments, until our whole brigade is closed in line five -regiments deep.—It was a critical time. I recall it well. The silence -was almost oppressive; orders were given in low tones, and nothing but -the rattle of accoutrements broke the silence. The fog resembled a -mirage. Objects a little way off took on gigantic proportions. I -remember that a pontoon boat, borne on stout shoulders to the river’s -brink, resembled the immense hulk of a ship as it loomed into view, -while at the distance of a few feet men took on colossal dimensions. -Meantime we are tolled off in detachments to occupy the pontoons, along -with the engineers who are to do the navigation, and our orders are to -form instantly on reaching the other shore, dash forward and capture the -enemy’s picket line, or whatever force may be there to oppose us. At -length there are sounds of commotion on the other side. The Johnnies -suspect something. Splash! goes a pontoon into the water, followed by a -deep curse from the officer in charge, brave old Gen. Benham, who cannot -restrain his rage over the carelessness of his men. Meanwhile the fog -has been gradually rising, and the gray of dawn appears. More stir on -the other side, a rattling of equipments, hurried commands—then a sharp -challenge, (some of our scouts are nearly over), followed by a single -musket discharge, then a volley, and the whistle of bullets. -Instinctively we do them low obeisance; the lines waver for an instant, -then firmness and silence. So heavy a fire was not anticipated. It told -of a large reserve which must have been brought up in expectation of an -attack. All hope of a surprise was over. “Will the pontoons never be -launched?” Yes, Benham has done his duty, and into them we scramble and -push off, each boat for itself. The stream is narrow at this point, but -we are not swift enough to check another volley, which being better -directed than the first, killed and wounded a number of our boys in the -boats. Almost at the same instant our pontoon touches the shore. There -is a rush, a charge, a brief struggle, and that picket guard is _hors du -combat_. Quickly deploying on the bank we advance, but the enemy retires -more quickly;—and we have established a firm foothold, the pontoon -bridge is laid, and the whole corps is streaming across as the morning -sun rises above the horizon. The fog still clings, however, to the -rising ground on which Franklin fought at the first battle of -Fredericksburg, and we move with due caution, skirmishers well out, not -knowing what sort of a reception Stonewall Jackson, whose corps is known -to occupy the wooded heights beyond, may have in store for us. But no -serious opposition is offered after the affair of the pickets, and -gradually we occupy most of the ground previously held by the centre of -Franklin’s grand division. The fog lifts at last, and the sight revealed -is a picturesque one. Before us, a level plain, extending on the right -to the suburbs of Fredericksburg, and on the left, cut with ravines and -hillocks somewhat, for a long distance. Back of us, the river; fronting, -on either hand, the plain ending in a range of wooded hills, -semicircular in shape, and dotted with fortifications. The enemy’s -picket line is well out upon the plain but touching the river above us -near the city. Extending our left it soon came in contact with Reynolds’ -corps, which had effected a crossing a mile or two lower down, after a -sharp artillery fight in which the enemy showed superior metal, but was -obliged to retire after the infantry got over. Midway from the river to -the range of hills, and parallel with the former, is a deep ravine where -partial shelter from the concentric fire from the artillery posted on -Marye’s Heights on the right and on the hills in front, was afforded -Franklin’s troops in the previous battle. A few artillery shots are -fired, soon after establishing our lines, and then all becomes quiet. -What does this inaction portend? Evidently, Lee is acting on the -defensive, and waiting for the development of Hooker’s strategy. He does -not have long to wait. Before us is the whole rebel army. Will it swoop -down upon us before Hooker can develop his left and crush us? This is -the conundrum with which we wrestle, as the hours wear away, varying it -with a conjecture as to whether we shall be ordered to assault the -enemy, in his chosen position, against which Burnside had thrown the -flower of his army only to be hurled back discomfited. Another artillery -duel between Reynolds and Jackson later in the day closes the fighting, -and a night of repose follows. The succeeding day proved to be one of -quiet, also, but there was a constant movement of troops in our rear on -the heights of Falmouth, the line of march being directly up river. - - “You see them on their winding way, - About their ranks the sunbeams play.” - -That night our regiment went on picket. Never shall I forget it. Strict -orders had been received, prohibiting fires, or conversation above a -whisper, and requiring the most vigilant watchfulness to prevent -surprise, as the enemy in heavy force was directly in our front. Our -eyes were kept constantly on the rebel sentinels moving ghost-like upon -their beats. A dense fog settled down, cold and damp. The hours seemed -leaden. The suspense became intense, unbearable. Suddenly a tremor -sweeps along the line. Our boys are doubly alert. What does it mean? A -message comes down the front line—“The enemy are advancing. Hold your -ground until the reserves are formed, then rally upon them!” With -muskets firmly grasped the Union pickets await the onset. A night attack -is always dreaded by soldiers, and nothing is more trying to the nerves -of veterans than the expectation of a conflict with an unseen foe. But -our boys do not flinch; they feel the responsibility imposed upon them -and resolve to do their duty. Minutes go by, and still no advance, -although the weird line of sentinels has been succeeded by a line of -battle. Momentarily we expect to see a sheet of flame burst from that -compact mass, the components of which are indistinguishable in the fog -and darkness, although hardly six rods distant. But it comes not. The -mass recedes and fades out, leaving the sentinels pacing their posts, -and we now know that the movement was only a reconnaissance. Morning -dawns at length, and we are relieved without firing a shot. As we gain -the shelter of the ravine near the bank of the river, we notice that -Reynolds has recrossed with his whole corps and is marching in the -direction taken by the main army. Looking toward the rebel position on -our left, dark masses of men are seen moving over the hills, as if in -retreat. Here again we have food for speculation. Has Hooker, whose guns -are now heard on the right, outflanked the enemy? Later on we learned -that these troops were Stonewall Jackson’s rear guard, that intrepid -commander being then in the process of executing that famous flank -movement which put the 11th corps to rout and turned a Union success -into a Confederate victory, the most signal ever achieved by its armies. -About noon our troops made a demonstration, driving back the enemy’s -pickets, and later in the day rifle-pits were dug under cover of army -blankets hung up as if to dry—a device so simple as to deceive the -Confederates, for otherwise, being commanded by their guns, it could not -have been effected without serious loss. - -The next day (Saturday, May 2), was comparatively quiet, although far to -the right could be heard the deep, yet muffled sound of artillery -firing, telling that Hooker was engaged. We made demonstrations all -along our front, but did no real fighting. During the night, the firing -on the right became very heavy,—and I was called into line at about 2 a. -m., to go through ere another chance to sleep was afforded me, the most -exciting experiences of my life. We were marched to the front, and -posted in a ravine. With the first streaks of dawn came sounds of -musketry firing on our right. It was the Light Division in the streets -of Fredericksburg. Marching by the left flank we emerge from the ravine -and take a position on the left, the second, and third and light -divisions of our corps extending to the right. As we leave the ravine -the enemy opens a heavy fire upon our devoted regiment, the hills on our -front and right being aflame with the flashes of the “red artillery.” We -advance rapidly, our general leading; our batteries gallop to the rising -ground, and open on the enemy’s guns posted near the railroad embankment -and which are doing the most execution. Our guns are splendidly served, -and soon the rebel battery in front and its infantry supports are seen -making quick time for the fortifications in the woods at the base of the -hill. Now the guns on the hills redouble their fire, and the din is -terrible. Men are falling at every step, and so fierce is the concentric -artillery fire of the Confederates that our batteries have to be -withdrawn. Not so the infantry. It is our part to keep the rebel force -in front employed while the divisions on our right storm Marye’s -Heights. So we keep steadily on until a ravine is reached running at -right angles with the one we have left, and leading nearly up to the -rebel entrenchments. The air is full of screaming shot and whistling -shell, and as we near the entrance to the ravine, which is filled with a -thick undergrowth of trees and bushes, our boys are ready to insist that -at least five hundred rebel cannon have the range and are peppering us -accordingly. Through the hell of fire we go, marching by the left flank -and closing up our ranks with each breach, and into the ravine from -which the enemy’s sharpshooters are seen to scamper like so many rats, -as much to escape the range of their own cannon as that of our musketry, -for we had not as yet fired a shot.—Here, by hugging the steep sides, we -were partially sheltered and within half rifle practice of the foe -posted behind their breastworks at the base of the hill. A brisk -fusilade was kept up, and although we were unsupported and “in the air” -we kept the Johnnies so busy that they did not attempt a sortie. By this -time, also, the batteries on Marye’s Heights, which had enfiladed us, -had as much as they could do nearer home, for Howe and Newton had begun -their advance. It being deemed useless to attempt to do more than keep -the enemy in our front employed, our regiment was withdrawn from the -ravine and the Parrotts were again opened on the position, which we had, -supposed was to be stormed.—“The war which for a space did fail,” now -opens furiously on our right, and we watch the advance of the light -division with interest, although our regiment is still exposed to a -galling fire from riflemen behind the railroad embankment.—The spectacle -was a thrilling one. The 6th corps batteries were playing upon the -heights, with might and main, and up the steep ascent our brave boys -were climbing with all speed. Our hearts were in our throats as we -watched. Could the heights be stormed? Could Sedgwick with 10,000 men do -what Burnside failed to do with ten times that number? Our Colonel, who -has been watching the conflict through his field-glass, electrifies us -at last by exclaiming, “The heights are ours, boys!” “Our flag is -there!” Such a cheer as went up must have astonished our friends just -opposite. A rebel brigade, which had left the entrenchments near our -front and was making all speed to succor its friends, suddenly halted, -then taking in the situation turned about and ran back again, its pace -being accelerated by shots from cannon just taken. The victory was ours -thus far, but at what a cost! It was a brief triumph, alas! for disaster -had overtaken Hooker, and he was a beaten general at that moment. We -knew it not, however. Contrariwise it was announced that Hooker had been -even more successful, and that Lee’s routed army was in rapid retreat on -Richmond. Joy filled our hearts, even though we mourned the death of -many brave comrades whose last roll call on earth had been answered that -morning. Hence, when orders came for our brigade to fall in and take the -lead in the pursuit on our side, they were obeyed with alacrity, and up -and over the battle-stained heights we marched, munching our hardtack as -we went, and out upon the Chancellorsville pike, driving the enemy -before us like chaff before the wind. Two miles out, a battery opened -upon us, but we took little notice, pushing our skirmish line rapidly -forward. It was a fatal discharge, however, to an officer on Brooks’ -staff, who fell from his horse, nearly decapitated by a shell.—One of -our batteries is hurried to the front and a single discharge causes the -enemy to retire on the double quick. We reach Salem church, nearly -exhausted by our rapid marching, hoping for rest. But the worst is yet -to come. Our skirmish line is held at bay. It cannot advance, and our -brigade is formed for a charge—my own regiment, through the negligence -of some one, going into the fight in heavy marching order, with -knapsacks strung, and blankets strapped. Meeting a heavy fire of -musketry at the edge of a piece of woods, the brigade halts. But Gen. -Brooks, who has orders to effect a junction with Hooker, and deeming the -enemy in front to be the same we have been driving, orders another -advance. Into the woods we go to be met by a terrific fire. We charge -and drive the foe from his breastworks, but can go no further. Heavily -reinforced he advances with yells. There is a continuous roll of -musketry. The Pennsylvania regiments on our right and left give ground. -We are outflanked and enfiladed. Then comes the order to fall back. It -must be done quickly if we would not be entirely cut off from the second -line. Burdened as many of our men are by their knapsacks, and fatigued -by the march, they can not run. Such is my condition. Although with only -a blanket to carry, I am quite used up physically. The double-quick is -beyond my powers, and with every disposition in the world to run I -cannot to save my life. Suddenly, one leg refuses to move, and I fall. A -call to my men is unheard, or if heard, unheeded. I try to regain my -feet, but cannot. My leg seems paralyzed. Am I hit? wounded? A brother -officer sees me; hears my call for assistance; and proffers aid; helps -me to my feet, and I stagger along for a few paces. Meantime, we have -been left far in the rear and are between two fires. The air is laden -with missiles. It is madness to proceed, and so we both hug the ground. -Doubtless our lives are saved by this device, but, although we had not -the faintest idea then that such was the case, it involved our capture -and imprisonment. “The combat deepens.” The din is awful. Line after -line of Lee’s veterans surges forward; they intermingle; halt, yell, -fire; then rush on like a mob. It is not until they have fairly run over -us that we realize our position—that capture is inevitable. Two lines -pass us unnoticed, when a squad of skirmishers who have hung on our -flank come up and demand our surrender. There is no alternative, and -that brand-new blade goes into the hands of a rebel sergeant whose -straight, black hair runs up through a rent in his hat like a plume. We -are taken to the rear amid a rain of shot from our batteries, three men -helping me along and two keeping close guard over my companion. They -seemed in a hurry to get out of range, and glad of the opportunity our -capture afforded them of retiring with eclat from the strife. Soon we -came upon Gen. Wilcox and staff nicely ensconced in a position not -accessible to Yankee bullets. He questioned us, but not getting -satisfactory replies, sent us still further to the rear (after his -Adjutant-General had purchased my sword of the hatless sergeant), where -we were placed under guard near a field hospital. Here I found, upon -examination, that I was not injured, but that my inability to walk -without help was due to fatigue and a slight abrasion on the hip, -occasioned probably by a spent ball. We were courteously treated by our -guards but could get no food, Stoneman’s raid having sadly interfered -with the rebel commissariat. Next day we were taken to Spottsylvania -court-house where we met nearly half of the 11th corps and learned for -the first time the disaster that had befallen “Fighting Joe” Hooker. Of -the kindness of one of my captors, Billy Peyton of Memphis, Tenn., but a -member of the 9th Alabama, and his peculiarities, I should like to -speak, but this sketch has grown on my hands, and I am compelled to omit -an account of my first visit to Richmond, introduction to Major Turner, -and incarceration in Libby. Should this sketch please the readers of -this Magazine, I may essay another describing my prison life, and how -near I came to being annihilated by a fierce Virginia home guard officer -who commanded the escort which conducted the detachment of prisoners, of -which I made one, to the flag of truce boat on the James, going by the -way of Petersburgh. - - - - - _MANNERS AND CUSTOMS IN HOPKINTON—No. 2._ - - - BY C. C. LORD. - - - RELIGIOUS. - -At first, worship, both private and public, was conducted in the -primative homes of the settlers of the township. On the erection of -military posts, or forts, such edifices became natural, social centres, -and worship was conducted in one or more of them. Rev. James Scales, -first minister of the town, was ordained in Putney’s Fort, in 1757. -During the ministry of Mr. Scales, public worship was sometimes -conducted at the Parsonage. The erection of a church determined a -permanent place of public religious services. - -The first meeting-house in Hopkinton represented a much larger -territorial expanse of population than any church now extant. -Denominational controversies had not divided the ranks of the -worshipers, nor had local patrons of the one church demanded special -privileges of their own. The distance to church was long in many cases, -and the conveyances often only the locomotory means of nature. - -In olden times in this vicinity, though people had the instinct of -personal adornment the same as now, they often lacked the means of -gratifying it. Extra articles of dress were so rare that people -frequently walked to church in their daily accustomed garb, or trod the -Sunday path with a most scrupulous care for their extra wardrobe. Women -sometimes carried the skirts of their Sunday dresses on their arms till -they arrived near or at the church door, when they let them fall. The -Sunday shoes were often carried in the hand till the journey to meeting -was nearly ended, when they were put on for entrance to the sanctuary. -Present readers can comprehend the necessity of such care, when they -reflect that in the olden time the price of a week’s work of a woman was -only equivalent to a yard of cloth, or a pair of shoes. - -Church services in the former days were long, and savored of dogmatic -theology. The principal prayer was much longer than the present average -sermon, and the discourse proportionally extended. Such prolonged -services were conducted in winter, at first, without the favor of any -artificial warmth. In contemplating the situation of the worshipers in -those old wintry days, the bleakness of the characteristic meeting-house -of the times is to be taken into account. In the old Baptist church was -an open aperture in an upper wall, where the crows have been known to -perch while worship was in progress. The advent of foot-stoves gave much -relief to the chilly congregations of earlier times, and the -introduction of the general heater put an end to the extremer -experiences of the wintry Sunday. - -The representative minister of the olden time was a person of eminent -scholarly culture and gentlemanly bearing. A thorough scholar and -rhetorician, his discourses were framed with strict regard to the -logical sequences of his subject. The numerical divisions of his theme -often carried him among units of the second order; firstly, secondly, -and thirdly were only preliminary to thirteenthly, fourteenthly, and -fifteenthly; the grand category of predications was terminated by a -“conclusion.” In his loftier intellectual schemes, he sometimes -elaborated whole volumes of disquisitional matter. Rev. Ethan Smith, -third minister in the town, was the author of several profound -theological treatises. There was a dignity and austerity of manner -pertaining to the characteristic primative clergyman that made him a -pattern of personified seriousness. His grave demeanor on his parochial -rounds, when he spoke directly upon the obligations of personal -religion, made his presence in the household a suggestion of profound -respect and awe. He impressed his personality upon the receptive social -element of his parish. The deacons became only minor pastors, and the -whole congregation of believers expressed in subdued form the character -of the shepherd of the flock.[1] - -Footnote 1: - - The austere influence of religion upon society in the olden time was - attested by the legal strictures upon traveling, idling, etc., on - Sunday, of which conduct the tything-men were to take cognizance. - Tything-men were chosen in this town as late as 1843, when Charles - Barton, Samuel Frazier and Daniel Chase were selected. The law - requiring such choice had even then become virtually a dead letter. - -The support of a “learned and orthodox minister” was implied in the -original grant of this township. In the strict construction of the -text of the original compact, “orthodoxy” meant Calvinistic -Congregationalism. The disturbed condition of the early settlement -prevented the establishment of a permanent local pastorate till 1757. -On the 8th of September of that year, it was voted to settle the Rev. -James Scales, and that he should be ordained on the 23d of the -following November. His salary was to be sixty Spanish milled dollars, -or their equivalent in paper bills, a year. When the town became -incorporated in 1765, the formal acknowledgment of Mr. Scales as legal -pastor was renewed, it being the 4th of March, and his salary was -named at £13, 10s. - -In progress of time different religious societies became established in -this town, but the Congregational alone drew support from any portion of -the populace by a direct tax. People were taxed for the support of the -Congregational ministry in this town as late as 1810. The warrant for a -town-meeting called for the 12th of March, 1811, contained this article: - - -“To see what method the town will take to raise money for the support of -the Congregational minister in town the ensuing year, how levied, and -how divided between the two meeting-houses.” - - -At this time a meeting-house had been, for about ten years, in existence -at Campbell’s Corner, in the westerly part of the town, and since its -erection the funds for the support of Congregational preaching derived -from taxes had been divided between the east and west meeting-houses, as -they were called. However, at the town-meeting called for the above -date, it was voted to “pass over the article” relating to the proposed -support of Congregational religious services by the town, and we think -the subject was never taken up again. - -The minister’s tax was never collected of any person who acknowledged a -belief in the religious principles of any legalized society, other than -the Congregational. The following vote, passed on the 25th of March, -1799, illustrated the method of raising the minister’s tax: - - -“Voted to lay a ministerial tax on the Congregational inhabitants at -twenty cents each on the poll, and upon all ratable estate in the same -proportion, Congregational inhabitants to be ascertained by consent, -individually, to either of the selectmen at the time of taking the -inventory.” - - -People liable to pay a minister’s tax sometimes publicly, in -town-meeting, declared their adhesion to the principles of some one or -other of the societies exempted from the payment of that tax. - -The lease of the parsonage lands in 1798, incurred an annual revenue -which was proportionately divided among the existing societies till the -year 1853. In the year 1842, when the town for the first time published -a printed report of its pecuniary transactions, the last division of -parsonage money was declared to be as follows: - - 1st Congregational society, $27.88 - 2d Congregational society, 4.39 - Calvinist Baptist, society, 13.88 - Union Baptist, society, 16.12 - Episcopalian society, 9.64 - 1st Universalist society, 4.21 - 2d Universalist society, 10.31 - Methodist society, 1.43 - -The round total was set down at $88.00. - -The 2d Congregational society dropped out of the list in 1851. The last -allowance to this society was fifty-six cents. The town report of the -year 1853, contained the following and last list of apportionments of -parsonage money: - - Congregational society, $30.09 - Union Baptist society, 19.04 - Calvinist Baptist society, 15.72 - Episcopalian society, 4.40 - 1st Universalist society, 7.57 - 2d Universalist society, 7.10 - Methodist society, 4.18 - -The total of this list was also set down in round numbers as $88. - -The above figures are suggestive in presenting a view of the relative -strength of the different societies at the specific times stated. It is -interesting to note that certain of the societies soon lost all traces -of even a nominal existence, after the suspension of the parsonage -revenues. For some time they had kept up a show of vitality by making -their portion of the parsonage fund a nucleus of an outlay for a few -days’ preaching in the year. - -In the march of the years, the old peculiarities of local religious life -have given place to new features and forms. It is needless to say that -some of the old formalities died hard. Innovations were distrusted. The -experience in view of proposed changes was substantially uniform in all -the churches. Even the staid Episcopalians were ruffled by unaccustomed -ceremonies. When, for the first time, the choir of the Episcopal church -chanted the _Gloria Patri_, which before had been read only, an -indignant lady abruptly shut her prayer book in unfeigned disgust. The -greater jealousy formerly existing between different denominations is -well known. It is said this inharmonious feeling was once sought to -serve an innovating use. A person prominent in musical circles sought to -influence the leading minds of the Congregational church in favor of the -purchase of a bass viol. As an extreme argumentative resort he -suggested, “The poor, miserable Baptists have got one.” Tradition, -however, doesn’t relate the effect of this suggestion. - - - COMMERCIAL. - -The country store of the earliest times was a more emphatic collection -of multitudinous varieties of articles, if possible, than the later -place of local public traffic. Then, as now, the local store was the -principal resort of the great commonalty. Men of special vocations -sometimes took a stock of products to the lower country and bartered for -goods to bring back and distribute among their neighbors, and the -itinerant merchant, or pedlar, reaped a much better harvest than now; -but the country store was a popular necessity and well patronized. At -first there was less trading in domestic luxuries; the goods in store -represented the common necessities. Since the popular idea of necessity -does not fully exclude the illusory principle, we have to admit rum, -gin, brandy, etc., into the former list of domestic staples. Cash and -barter were entertained by every tradesman, to whom the populace largely -looked for advantageous exchanges of substance. The progress of the -settlement was attended by the extension, and to some extent by the -classification, of trade till the time when Hopkinton assumed the -commercial importance described in a previous article. - -The currency employed in the transaction of business was at first -nominally English, though Spanish milled dollars were in circulation. -One of the inconveniences of the early settlers of New England was a -scarcity of money. The different provincial governments sought to -relieve the public financial burdens by the issue of Bills of Credit, a -currency mentioned in the records of this town as “old tenor.” Such a -circulating medium in such a time could only depreciate in value, but, -following a custom obtaining in the old country, the purchasing value of -these bills could from time to time be fixed by the local legislatures. -About the year 1750, it was established throughout the provinces that £1 -in the currency of the Bills of Credit should be equivalent to two -shillings and eight pence lawful money, and that six shillings should be -equal to one dollar. - -The preliminary events of the Revolution involved the establishment of a -system of Continental currency. At the time of the first issue of a -paper circulating medium, in 1775, the Continental notes were nearly at -par with gold, but they soon fell to comparative nothingness in value. -The effect of this collapse in monetary matters was amply illustrated in -the public transactions of the town of Hopkinton. At a town meeting held -in 1781, it was voted that the price of a day’s work on the highway, by -a man, should be $30; the price of a day’s work by a yoke of oxen, $30; -the price of a plow and cart, $10 each. The salary of the Rev. Elijah -Fletcher, second minister of the town, was also voted to be $4000 for -the year, but the reverend pastor preferred to accept £70 in gold -equivalents, and declined the larger nominal sum. The success of the -American cause, and the permanent establishment of the public credit, -gave a correspondingly improved aspect to local affairs, and in later -times this town has experienced fluctuations in prices in common with -the general country. - -During the period of Hopkinton’s greater importance as a commercial -station, a bank was maintained here for a few years. The institution was -known as the Franklin Bank, and was incorporated in 1833. The grantees -were Horace Chase, Nathaniel Gilman, Isaac Long, Jr., William Little, -Joseph Stanwood, Matthew Harvey, Andrew Leach, Moses Gould, Ebenezer -Dustin, Timothy Chandler, Stephen Darling, and James Huse. The -operations of this bank seem to have been exceedingly bungling during -the short term of its existence, and it finally settled with its -creditors at ninety cents on a dollar. The Franklin Bank occupied the -building now used by the Hopkinton Public Library. - -The standard of quantities to be recognized in commercial transactions -has, from remote times, been a subject of legal regulation. The weights -and measures first used in this town were the standards of older -communities. In a record made in the year 1804, the town of Hopkinton -declared the local standard to be as follows: - - WEIGHTS - OF IRON. - - 1 56 lbs. - 1 28 lbs. - 1 24 lbs. - 1 7 lbs. - - - WEIGHTS - OF BRASS. - - 1 4 lbs. - 1 2 lbs. - 1 1 lb. - 1 ½ lb. - 1 2 oz. - 1 1 oz. - 1 ½ oz. - 1 ¼ oz. - -For the use of the above weights the town recognized “two small scale -beams with brass dishes,” and also “one large scale beam with boards, -and strung with iron wires.” The _wooden dry measures_ were specific as -1 half-bushel, 1 peck, 1 half-peck, 1 two-quart, and 1 quart; while the -_copper liquid measures_ were started to be 1 gallon, 1 two-quart, 1 -quart, 1 pint, 1 half-pint, and 1 gill. - -By legal requirement, the standard of weights and measures is regulated -by a town sealer to this day, such officer being chosen annually at the -town-meeting in March, but the modern improvements and facilities for -determining quantities have made a practically dead letter of the -present law requiring his selection. - -For many years a public hay-scales occupied a site in the rear of the -Congregational meeting-house. It was simply an immense scale beam and -platform, the whole apparatus being covered with a roof. It long ago -passed away to give place to the modern hay-scales. - - - POLITICAL. - -In the earlier history of this town, politics and religion were closely -related. For many years the affairs of the legally established, or -Congregational, church were arranged by vote of the town. The intimate -relation existing between the church and the town made the meeting-house -and town-house at first identical. The earliest town-meeting held in the -first meeting-house was on the 2d of March, 1767. Previously, -town-meetings had been held at private houses. Town-meetings continued -to be held in the church till 1799, when use was first made of the old -Hillsborough county Court House, the annual meeting of that year being -held in the upper room of the county edifice. Town-meeting has since -been held annually on the same spot. - -At the time of the incorporation of the town, in 1765, annual -town-meetings were legally held only on the first Monday in March. In -the year 1803, the State legislature fixed the date of annual -town-meetings at the second Tuesday of the same month. Till the year -1813, when the State established a law requiring the use of an -alphabetical list of voters at town-meetings, public legal gatherings in -town had been conducted with less formality than has been maintained -since, but the regard for parliamentary proprieties had been sufficient -to prevent any disorder or unskillfulness of a serious nature. - -The instincts of the people of this town have always largely partaken of -a Democratic character. There has been a prominent jealousy of -individual rights. This feature of local political life was exhibited in -the very earliest times, when individuals frequently appeared at the -moderator’s desk to record their names in opposition to some measure or -other passed by the majority. Even to this day the doctrine of -individual rights is strongly asserted by the mass of persons of -whatever party name. In the days of the prolonged supremacy of the -Democratic party, the lines of party distinction were drawn so clearly -that scarcely a Whig was ever permitted to represent the town at the -General Court. Once, in 1844, there was a kind of general compromise -between parties, and Moses Colby, a Whig, and Samuel Colby, a Democrat, -were sent to the legislature together. For quite a number of years there -was a compromise on the subject of selectmen, and a general consent gave -the Whigs annually one member in a board of three; but this arrangement -was broken up by a fancied or real attempt of the Whigs to take more -than their customarily allotted portion of the chosen. - -Till the year 1855, when the Democrats lost the general control of -political affairs in town for the first time, the constantly prevailing -superiority had prevented the practice or necessity of much caucusing. A -few leading ones put their heads together and gave a definite impulse to -the party movement. The process worked very well, except when now and -then an accident would happen, as, for instance, when a refractory -candidate insisted in pushing his private claims at all hazards. -Caucusing, however, had been practiced more or less previously to 1855, -but since this date the closeness of the popular vote has often led to a -degree of figuring and planning that can be easily comprehended by all -accustomed to watch the movements of political leadership in New -Hampshire during the last quarter of a century. - -We have shown, in a previous article, that the Democrats of this town -held a majority on the Governor’s vote till 1865. However, in 1855, the -American party elected two representatives—Paul R. George and Timothy -Colby—and three selectmen. - - - - - _MALAGA._ - - - BY VIANNA A. CONNOR. - -[This article from Miss Connor, written from Malaga last summer, having -been mislaid, after its reception, is published at this time as not -without interest, notwithstanding the delay.—ED.] - -The streets of Malaga always present an animated appearance. One never -sees here that dead calm which pervades many of our northern cities in -midsummer. At all hours of the day the air resounds with the sonorous -voices of men and boys calling out whatever they may have to sell. Fish -of all kinds, fruits, live turkeys and many other things may be obtained -in this way, with the additional entertainment of listening to a loud -and heated discussion between the servant and vender regarding the -price. If the latter chances to be a boy, he summons a flood of tears to -his assistance, having acquired, as a part of his occupation, the -faculty of crying when occasion demands. The servant, accustomed to -mechanical weeping, is immovable and the youthful imposter is finally -compelled to receive a fair price for his wares. - -Every afternoon at five o’clock, an old man with a bright, cheerful face -passes our window calling out “barquillos” in a clear, musical voice -which makes itself heard at a long distance. The children crowd around -him while he takes from a green box strapped over his shoulder, a tube -made of light paste, on one end of which he puts a white foamy -substance, composed of the whites of eggs and sugar. At this juncture, -the little ones become frantic and jostle each other in a most -unceremonious manner, in their eagerness to possess the delicate morsel. -Each one is served and the poor old man goes on his way rejoicing ever -the few quartas which will buy his daily bread. Barquillos are also -obtained at restaurants as an accompaniment for ices, and seem to be -relished by children of a larger growth, as well as others. - -The business of the ware houses commences at an early hour and continues -through the day; carts drawn by mules are constantly passing while the -industrious little donkeys may be seen marching in a line, following -their leader, who has a bell to announce his coming. During the vintage, -long lines of donkeys laden with boxes of raisins come from the -vineyards, horses never being used except in cabs and private carriages. -The cab horses are poor, old animals which seem to have lived as long as -nature intended, but are kept alive by some mysterious agency, and by -dint of much urging and whipping manage to move at a slow pace. One day, -when we were taking a drive, the horse suddenly stopped and the driver -dismounted. To our inquiry, as to the cause of delay he replied, “_no es -nada_” (it is nothing), resumed his seat and we started again, but had -not proceeded far when the animal absolutely refused to go; this time we -insisted upon alighting and were coolly informed that the horse was only -a little _cansado_ (tired). Many more instances might be cited -illustrating the manner in which dumb animals are abused in a country -where there are no laws prohibiting it, or if such laws exist they are -not enforced. - -The animation prevailing through the day by no means diminishes as night -approaches, although of a very different character. At twilight, the -higher classes sally forth to the Alameda or Muelle (mole), to enjoy the -refreshing breeze from the sea, while those of lower estate seek some -place of rendezvous and indulge in their idle gossip. An occasional -troubadour steals to some obscure corner and sends forth plaintive -sounds from his faithful guitar, not unfrequently some youthful swain is -inspired to add the charms of his voice, and the “Malaguenas” bursts -forth in all its primative sweetness. The enthusiasm of the Spaniards on -hearing their national airs is something remarkable, they become quite -wild with excitement and applaud in the most vociferous manner. -Foreigners, also, who have spent some time in the country, share this -enthusiasm, which seems to be caused more by a certain rhythmical -peculiarity, than by any extraordinary merit of the music itself. - -The romantic days of Spain are past, when the lover stood beneath the -balcony of his sweetheart, wooing her with the gentle strains of his -guitar. To us it seems a matter of regret that this ancient custom no -longer exists, but it undoubtedly relieves many anxious parents as it -particularly favored clandestine courtships. A Spanish gentleman of our -acquaintance who is blessed with seven daughters, and occupies a house -containing twenty balconies, congratulates himself upon the change in -love-making as it would be impossible to keep watch over all, even by -constantly rushing from one balcony to another. At the present day the -suitor is admitted to the salon, where he may converse with the object -of his affections, but always in the presence of her parents. Spanish -mammas would be shocked at the freedom allowed American girls in -receiving visits from the opposite sex and accepting their escort to -places of entertainment. - -The feast of Corpus Christi was celebrated in Malaga with much _eclat_. -For two weeks previous preparations were going on for the fair, which -takes place at this time, booths being arranged on one side of the -Alameda and filled with a variety of articles, useful and ornamental, -calculated to please the eye and lighten the pockets of passers-by, -while others were provided with these substantial things needful to -satisfy the wants of the inner man. At night the Alameda was most -brilliantly illuminated by long lines of lights extending the whole -length on either side, also across the centre at intervals, with -occasional circles and clusters, producing a most dazzling effect. At -each end, in front of the fountains were erected two pavillions, one -under the direction of a club styled the “Circulo Mercantil,” the other -by the members of the “Lycio” both of which were handsomely decorated -with flags and flowers and provided with comfortable seats. We availed -ourselves of the opportunity to attend the balls given in these -pavillions, and found them exceedingly diverting. In the centre, a space -was reserved for the dancers, who tripped the “light fantastic” with -apparent enjoyment, notwithstanding the disadvantages of little room and -much heat. The _toilettes_ of the ladies were varied and elegant, -displaying a taste which would do credit to Worth himself, while the -national costume, worn by a few young ladies, far exceeded the most -charming conceptions of that famous artist. This costume, called the -“_Maja_,” is extremely picturesque, especially when combined with the -piquant faces and nonchalant airs of the Spanish girls. It consists of a -skirt of bright red or blue satin, edged with a broad trimming of black -_chenille_; with this is worn a black velvet bodice, the hair is -arranged in finger puffs, with a high comb placed jauntily on one side, -and a few flowers gracefully twined among the dark tresses; a Spanish -mantilla, and laced slippers, just disclosed beneath the short skirt, -complete this beautiful costume, rich in fabric, but simple in design, -and above all allowing a graceful freedom which our present straight -laced fashions render impossible. Weary of the brilliancy and animation -of the ballroom, we passed to the garden where tables were arranged for -refreshments, and amid the sound of inspiring music and the gentle -murmur of the fountain, partook of delicate viands served by attentive -waiters. The arrangement of these pavillions was perfect in every -respect, contributing in the highest degree to the comfort of the -guests, and long shall we bear in remembrance the pleasant evenings they -afforded us. - -On Corpus Christi day a long and imposing procession marched through the -principal streets, carrying an image of the “Virgin” robed in black -velvet elaborately embroidered in gold, and a large “_Custodia_” of -solid silver containing the “_host_.” The clergy, in their clerical -gowns, with their faces plump and glossy, walked along in a -self-satisfied manner, confident of good cheer in this world, whatever -may await them in another. The civil and military authorities added -their dignified presence, followed by a large concourse of people with -wax candles. The streets and balconies were filled with men, women, and -children of all ages and classes, every available space being occupied. -In the afternoon a bull fight took place, and a ball in the evening -ended the programme of the day. - -In the midst of the festivities of the week, the Queen’s illness was -announced, causing a suspension of all gayety, and her subsequent death -was followed by a season of mourning. The Alameda was stripped of its -superfluous adornings, and the sound of music no longer filled the air -with its sweet harmonies. Funeral services were solemnized in the -Cathedral, and many a fervent prayer ascended to Heaven for the repose -of the dead, and the resignation of the bereaved young King. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES - - - 1. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling. - 2. Anachronistic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as - printed. - 3. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Granite Monthly. Vol. II. No. 7. -Apr., 1879, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GRANITE MONTHLY. VOL. *** - -***** This file should be named 60636-0.txt or 60636-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/6/3/60636/ - -Produced by Richard Tonsing and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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Vol. II. April, 1879. 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Vol. II. No. 7. Apr., -1879, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll -have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using -this ebook. - - - -Title: The Granite Monthly. Vol. II. No. 7. Apr., 1879 - A New Hampshire Magazine devoted to Literature, History, - and State Progress - -Author: Various - -Release Date: November 5, 2019 [EBook #60636] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GRANITE MONTHLY. VOL. *** - - - - -Produced by Richard Tonsing and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class='tnotes covernote'> - -<p class='c000'><b>Transcriber’s Note:</b></p> - -<p class='c000'>The cover image was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.</p> - -</div> - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i002.jpg' alt='_John H. George_' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='titlepage'> - -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_193'>193</span> - <h1 class='c002'><span class='large'>——THE——</span><br /> GRANITE MONTHLY.<br /> <span class='large'><em>A MAGAZINE OF LITERATURE, HISTORY, AND STATE PROGRESS.</em></span><br /> <span class='xlarge'>VOL. II.       APRIL, 1879.       NO. 7.</span></h1> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_194'>194</span> - <h2 class='c003'>COL. JOHN HATCH GEORGE.</h2> -</div> - -<p class='c004'>When a biographer encounters the -duty of describing, in the abstract, a -character which demands greater elaboration -in order to do it reasonable justice, -he must be excused for the roughness -of the outlines, which, with the -proper shadings thrown in, would give -his descriptive picture more satisfactory -approximation to its required fidelity. -In the present instance limitation of -space, and partial opportunity to glean -matters of fact and incident suitable for -biographical record, justify the claim -on the reader for such excuse. In so -far as details are given, however, they -will be found correct.</p> - -<p class='c005'><span class='sc'>John Hatch George</span>, son of John -George, Esq., and Mary Hatch, his -wife by a second marriage, was born in -the house in Concord, N. H., now the -Colonel’s residence in that city, on the -twentieth day of November, 1824, and -is now, therefore, in his fifty-fifth year. -The native place of his father was Hopkinton, -but from his early manhood until -the period of his death he was a resident -in Concord, where he held the -common respect of the citizens as a -man of great energy and of unalloyed -integrity. He died in 1843. Mary -Hatch, mother of the subject of this -sketch, survived her husband four -years. She was a daughter of Samuel -<span class='pageno' id='Page_195'>195</span>Hatch, Esq., of Greenland. Of the -same family were the father of Hon. -Albert R. Hatch of Portsmouth, and -the mother of John S. H. Frink, Esq., -both of whom stand high in professional -and political relations in New Hampshire—worthy -descendants of a worthy -ancestry, noted for great native abilities, -honesty, industry and perseverance.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The boyhood of Col. George, as -contemporaries say, was unmarked by -any special indication of that decided -description which sometimes heralds a -boy’s preference for a life pursuit. He -was slow neither at learning or at play. -If he had a prevailing passion it was -for the possession and care of domestic -animals, on which he lavished great -wealth of kindness, a quality which has -grown with his growth and strengthened -with his strength. His farm manager -is authority for the opinion that -“he would kill his animals with kindness -were they so unfortunate as to -have his constant personal attendance.” -His love for rural pursuits was a hereditament, -and also clings to him with increasing -vigor unto this day.</p> - -<p class='c005'>He was educated at the public -schools in Concord, and was fitted for -college at the Old Academy in that -city. He entered as a student at -<span class='pageno' id='Page_196'>196</span>Dartmouth college in 1840, without -having any special profession in future -view, and deported himself with credit -while there. When his father died, -some three years afterward, he had to -resign his college course, but his graduating -degree, and that of Master of -Arts, was subsequently conferred on -him by the Faculty of Dartmouth.</p> - -<p class='c005'>It was fortunate for him, and largely -also due to the promising character of -young George, at this most important -period of his life, that his family enjoyed -the friendship of Ex-President -Franklin Pierce. All who were privileged -with the personal acquaintance of -that eminent man knew the peculiar -skill he had in the discovery of latent -merit among the youth whom he honored -with his friendship, and the more -than kindly interest he took in many, -who, only for his encouragement, -would have lacked the spirit to aspire. -Without previous consultation concerning -his inclination towards the study of -law, Gen. Pierce invited young George -to enter his office and prepare for admission -to the bar. That the youth -had what is called “a legal mind” had -been a quiet discovery made by his -friend and patron, who was then at the -head of the law-firm, in Concord, of -Pierce & Fowler. Here, for three years, -Col. George applied himself diligently -to his studies, passed a reputable examination, -and was admitted to the bar -in 1846, and at once entered into partnership -with Gen. Peaslee, and on the -practice of law under the firm-name of -Peaslee and George, which united interest -continued until 1851, when he -formed a copartnership with Sidney -Webster, Esq.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Prior to his majority Col. George -had been hovering round the verge of -politics, and, at every circuit of the -whirlpool he was drawn nearer to its -vortex. For many years, and with but -few interruptions, the Democracy had -guided the politics of New Hampshire -up to 1847, when the Colonel held his -first public office as clerk of the State -Senate. This office he filled in 1848, -and again in 1850. In 1849 he was -appointed Solicitor for the county of -Merrimack, re-appointed in 1854, and -removed by address, solely for political -reasons, in 1856.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The same year in which he was -made Solicitor for Merrimack county -he was married to Miss Susan Ann -Brigham, daughter of Levi Brigham, -Esq., of Boston. Mrs. George died in -1863, leaving five children—three sons -and two daughters. In 1865 he was -again married to Miss Salvadora Meade -Graham, daughter of Col. James D. -Graham, of the United States Engineers. -He has had one daughter by -this marriage. His eldest son, John -Paul, graduated last year at Dartmouth -college, and is now studying at Harvard -Law School. His eldest daughter, -Jane Pierce, is married to Mr. H. -E. Bacon, of Portland, Maine, and his -second son, Charles Peaslee, is at the -United States Naval School at Annapolis, -Md. A son and daughter—Benjamin -Pierce and Ann Brigham—are at -home.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Famous as the bar of New Hampshire -has been for its eminent men, few -of their number gained, so early in -their legal career as did Col. George, -such reputation for skill and devotion -to the interests of clients. His success -was remarkable, and yet it was simply -the meet reward of the most devoted -study and perseverance in professional -duty. Gifted with a powerful physical -organization he accomplished miracles -of labor in the legal and political fields. -He was fortunate in the sympathy and -aid he received in both relations from -his partners, Gen. Peaslee and Sidney -Webster, Esq., and until the latter gentleman, -in 1852, became the private -Secretary of President Franklin Pierce, -when the brief copartnery was dissolved. -In 1853 he formed another -partnership with Judge William L. Foster, -with which Hon. Charles P. Sanborn, -ex-Speaker of the New Hampshire -House of Representatives, subsequently -became associate. The firms -thus severally constituted held high -reputation in the locality and state, and -managed, with admirable skill, and -great success, many of the prominent -civil and criminal cases in Merrimack, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_197'>197</span>Grafton, and other counties in the state. -Our gleanings are defective in their -record of the leading cases—civil and -criminal—in which Col. George had -prominence as leading counsel, as public -prosecutor, or otherwise. He was -prosecutor in the case of State <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">v.</span></i> Haskell, -a negro man, and wife, in 1855, -when sentence of death passed on Haskell -for murder, which doom was commuted -to imprisonment for life. Being -officially engaged on this trial the memory -of the writer enables him to state -that the conduct of this case by the -prosecutor was managed with great -skill, and without that redundancy of -immaterial testimony, and surplusage -of words in argument, which very often -render trial proceedings, which ought -to be of grave and dignified character, -almost ludicrous. Other capital cases, -defended by Col. George, and followed -by acquittals, were those of State <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">v.</span></i> -Scammel, tried in Grafton county; -State <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">v.</span></i> Young, tried in Rockingham -county, and State <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">v.</span></i> Sawyer, decided -in Grafton county. Among Col. -George’s more memorable civil cases -were those of Smith <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">v.</span></i> the Boston, -Concord and Montreal railroad; Concord -railroad <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">v.</span></i> Clough; Frost <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">v.</span></i> the -city of Concord; Tufts’ Brick Company -<i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">v.</span></i> Boston and Lowell railroad, and, -recently, and still unfinished, the suit -Commonwealth of Massachusetts and -the pier accident case at Salem.</p> - -<p class='c005'>In 1851 and during the two succeeding -years, and again in 1856, he was -chairman of the Democratic state committee, -during which he did much active -service. He was especially prominent -in organizing the Presidential -campaign which resulted in the election -of his intimate personal friend—Gen. -Franklin Pierce. From 1852 -until 1860 he was a member of the -national Democratic committee; and, -from 1853 until 1858, he was United -States Attorney for New Hampshire. -In 1853 he was elected a member of -the state legislature, but he resigned -his seat on accepting the appointment -of U. S. Attorney.</p> - -<p class='c005'>It may properly be mentioned here -that Col. George had a narrow escape -from becoming Secretary for the territory -of Minnesota. That appointment -was offered him and accepted, and all -arrangements were made to enable him -to go to the north-west. On going to -Washington he was informed by President -Pierce that he need not hasten his -departure for a couple of weeks, nor -until the President and he should have -an opportunity to talk over old home -matters; but some business having -been left undone in New Hampshire -by the colonel, he sought permission to -return and complete it, for which he -had leave. On arriving at home such -was the pressure brought to bear on him -by his old clients, and such the importance -and value of new encouragements -presented him, as to induce him to give -up the Minnesota appointment and -resume his profession in Concord, -greatly to the satisfaction of his friends -in social, political and business relations.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Although primarily, in his military -career, he was a member of that numerous -body which hold colonelcies by a -merely ornamental tenure, it cannot -be said of him that he “never set a -squadron in the field;” for, besides being -aid-de-camp and chief of staff of -Gov. Dinsmore during three years, up -to 1850, for several years from the organization -he commanded company A. -of the “Governor’s Horse Guards,” -one of the finest, best equipped and -most thoroughly drilled cavalry corps -in New England, and one in which the -people of the state had just pride.</p> - -<p class='c005'>From 1847 until 1866, Col. George -was clerk and counsel for the Concord -railroad. In 1867 he moved his office to -Boston, he having accepted the position -of Solicitor for the Boston and Lowell -and associate railroads—a position he -now holds. He has a peculiar fitness for -this office, through his being thoroughly -conversant with railroads, their laws and -modes of their management. In February, -1870, at the special request of -the leading citizens of Concord, he delivered -a public address on “Railroads -and their Management,” which was exhaustive -of the subject and created -great local as well as wide national -interest. It was reported by a shorthand -<span class='pageno' id='Page_198'>198</span>expert, published and extensively -circulated, and is held as reliable authority -regarding the theory of railroad -management. His connection with -railroads has been intimate and extended. -He is director of the Mount -Washington, the Profile and Franconia, -and also of the Peterborough railways. -He was one of the originators and earliest -advocates of the Concord and -Claremont and Contoocook Valley -roads, and has aided largely in the -construction of the various lines which -have conserved to Concord its centrality. -There are ways and means whereby -men receive much popular reputation -and credit for services as hollow and -objectless as those of Col. George were -substantial and valuable; yet it is but -just to say in behalf of the wise and -discriminating among our people that -they put the genuine patriotic value on -his efforts and esteem the man accordingly -as a people’s friend.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Last year Col. George was appointed -a Trustee for the N. H. Asylum for the -Insane. He has largely and influentially -participated in local affairs in -Concord. For many years he labored -earnestly in the improvement of the -public schools, and took deep interest -in the elevation of the standard of education -taught therein. He invariably -upheld that the perfection of the -school buildings was essential, as a precursor -of the required improvement in -the educational course. Because of -this sentiment, he was employed on -building committees chosen to manage -the erection of several of our school -buildings, which, for completeness and -adaptability to their uses, Concord is so -justly noted. In 1877 he was chosen -a member of the Board of Education -of the Union District. In course of his -very active service in these relations, -he has never made pecuniary charge -on his fellow citizens for his labors, -whether rendered as a lawyer or as a -citizen. If the city records bear any -evidence of such charge having been -recognized, whatever it may be, the -amount was never received by the colonel, -but went back to the city schools -in some shape or another, useful and -necessary. When the effort to remove -the State Capitol was made, he -exerted every energy in his power to -prevent the success of this design, and -labored with great diligence and self -sacrifice in that direction.</p> - -<p class='c005'>As previously stated, Col. George -entered the arena of politics almost at -the outset of his active life. Nature -and mental acquirements combined to -give him prominence in politics while -yet almost a youth. His recognized -energy and executive skill gave him -the chairmanship of the committee -appointed to receive President Franklin -Pierce on his visit to his native State -and home in 1854, and many will recollect -the success attending that great -event. In 1859 he was the Democratic -nominee as candidate to represent -the Second District in the House of -Representatives of the United States, -but failed of an election. In 1863 he -was again nominated for that office, -and made a vigorous canvass of the -district—making twelve addresses per -week during a month or more—but -was again defeated after a very close -vote. In 1866 he was the nominee of -the Democratic members of the legislature -of that year as candidate for the -United States Senate. His fellow -Democrats gave him the full strength -of their vote, but the Republicans were -largely in the majority against him.</p> - -<p class='c005'>A man may be mistaken in his notions, -and be very earnest and persistent -in their assertion, but he will be always -respected when his views are believed -to be honestly entertained and pronounced. -The people only hold in -contempt a man who has convictions, -and who is afraid to express them when -circumstances demand their explanation. -Col. George is no such man. He -is credited with thinking profoundly of -what he says, and saying firmly what he -has thought. He may offend men’s -opinions or prejudices by what he says, -but he seldom or ever loses their respect, -because of their conviction of his -rigid honesty of argument or purpose. -Socially speaking, and notwithstanding -his variance in political opinion with -the majority of his fellow citizens of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_199'>199</span>Concord, no public man can count -more devoted personal friends and -admirers amid his political opponents -than he. His experiences have proved -the falsity of the poet’s contrary assertion, -and that honesty is not a ragged -virtue, but a covering which no good -and patriotic man, and worthy citizen, -can reputably refuse or decline to wear. -In all respects, aside from politics or -matters of public dispute, Col. George’s -social character stands high among his -fellow citizens.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The “brethren of the mystic tie” -have in him an exalted member of -their most worthy fraternity. He exists -among their number as a “Sovereign -Grand Inspector” of the 33d and final -degree in Masonry, and as an active -member of the “Supreme Council of -the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite -of the Northern Jurisdiction of the -United States,” and has taken all the -lower degrees. He is a member of -the Blazing Star Lodge, and of the -Mount Horeb Commandery of Concord, -and was, for several years, Commander -of the latter organization. Of -most of our local charities, he is a -quiet but liberal supporter; and the -incidental demands of benevolence -find him always a ready friend.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Notwithstanding the great pressure -of professional and other duties, much -attention is given by Col. George to agriculture, -and those improvements connected -therewith, sanctioned alike by -modern science and experience. He -owns a fine farm just over the western -boundary of Concord, in the town of -Hopkinton, where the improvement -and enrichment of the soil, and the -breeding and raising of horses and Jersey -cattle form part of his summer pursuits. -It is not certain that he will add -largely to his fortune by his efforts as a -“gentleman farmer;” but the external -aspects of his management are such as -to make those efforts valuable, at least, -as examples. His rules providing for -cleanliness, comfort and kindness towards -his farm animals are seen in their -fine condition, and reported to be profitably -justified by their superior produce. -No better proof of a man’s nobility in -the ranks of humanity can be found -than in his kindness towards his dumb -animals.</p> - -<p class='c005'>And now, in conclusion, a few words -as to Col. George’s status as a politician -and a lawyer. As has already been -shown he is a Democrat. Keeping always -in view the foundation principles -on which that policy rests, he is what -may be properly called a progressionist. -He recognizes—what many cannot -do—the fact that the science of -politics advances, as does every other, -and that, while fundamental principles -never vary, circumstances occur to -change the rigid rule of their application, -though not to materially vitiate its -force or shut it out of due consideration. -The political influences of today -may not be fit to govern in what those -of tomorrow may demand; and he -can only be a narrow-minded man who -can think otherwise and act accordingly. -He certainly can have no pure element -of statesmanship within him. -But associated with this progressiveness -there is no feature of vacillation -or radical change and departure from -the organic principles of his party in -Col. George. He is as true as steel to -both, and no man among the Democracy -of New Hampshire has a larger -share of the confidence and respect of -his compatriots. His public addresses -are held by his admirers as models of -honest, terse, pertinent and well-judged -and founded argument; and he certainly -carries an audience along with -him, not by the use of clap-trap and -sensationalism, but by the bold, acutely -analytical, and forcible representation -of sound logical facts. He is held to -be one of the most solid, as well as -most influential, stump speakers in New -Hampshire, and his political opponents -do not deny this. His memory acts as -an encyclopedia of political history, -state and national, and this always gives -him wonderful advantage as an impromptu -orator—a duty he has invariably -to attend to when many or few are -met together for political deliberation.</p> - -<p class='c005'>When his reputation and character -as a lawyer comes up the writer confesses -that the task of describing the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_200'>200</span>latter puzzles him somewhat. There is -no room for hesitation in saying that, -in eminence of ability, determination -in arranging the means of success, -preparation to meet and confute opposing -arguments, and unwavering general -devotion to what he deems the just interests -of his clients, no professional -man in New England is more than his -peer. To gainsay this fact would be to -controvert the opinions of the best men -on the bench and at the bar, and to attribute -solely to friendly admiration -what is assuredly a well recognized -truth. So much for reputation; but -what can, or should, be said as to Col. -George’s manner as a lawyer? It is -confident, aggressive, bold and independent -of every consideration but directness; -it shows no aspect of favor for -aught but the purpose in issue. Something -has been here recorded of the -qualities of his political addresses. The -same bold fearlessness of men, and of -opposing opinions, the same integrity -of sentiment and expression, the same -disregard of what offence the truth, as -he views it, may give to the opposition, -are characteristic of him as a pleader at -law. Here, also, what may, and does -seem to sound harshly from his lips is -materially reconciled to the listener’s favorable -judgment by the pleader’s manifest -earnestness, honesty and unadulterated -devotion to the truth, and the -interest of his client, founded on his -views thereof. There is no surplusage -of words in Col. George’s legal prelections. -He is a very Gradgrind for facts, -and uses them always with direct and -sledge-hammer force, cultivating catapult -pith rather than the pelting of his -opposition with roses. Every energy -is directed towards power and conquering -effect. To use the expression of -one who thoroughly knows the subject -of this imperfect sketch: “the man in -trouble who has Col. George for his -friend and advocate is lucky indeed: -he who is in legal difficulty, and has -him to oppose him is assuredly to be -pitied.”</p> - -<p class='c005'>Col. George is of robust build, about -five feet ten inches in height, approximates -two hundred pounds weight, is -of strong constitution, enjoys excellent -health, has immense working power of -mind and body; and, if all reports are -true, it is not likely that he will live a -long and active life and go “over the -hill to the poor-house” at its close.</p> - -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_201'>201</span> - <h2 class='c003'><em>IN RUINS.</em></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div>BY ABBA GOOLD WOOLSON.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='lg-container-b c001'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>All through the summer’s rosy hours</div> - <div class='line in2'>I built my castle fine;</div> - <div class='line'>And not a soul should dwell therein,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Save only mine and thine,</div> - <div class='line in8'>My Love,</div> - <div class='line in2'>In loneliness divine.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>No cost of make, or wealth of hue</div> - <div class='line in2'>I spared from base to dome;</div> - <div class='line'>Where lordly monarchs choose to bide</div> - <div class='line in2'>They rear a kingly home;</div> - <div class='line in8'>And so</div> - <div class='line in2'>This rose like silver foam.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>Stand here upon the sunlit plain</div> - <div class='line in2'>And see how fair it shines;</div> - <div class='line'>Untaught I planned its airy towers</div> - <div class='line in2'>And shaped its perfect lines;</div> - <div class='line in8'>For love</div> - <div class='line in2'>All excellence divines.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>But while I gaze, a dusky film</div> - <div class='line in2'>Across its splendor falls;</div> - <div class='line'>My purples and my gold are dim—</div> - <div class='line in2'>What ails the reeling walls?</div> - <div class='line in8'>What doom</div> - <div class='line in2'>Sends terror through its halls?</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>The keen air sweeps adown the hill:</div> - <div class='line in2'>Give me a hand to hold;</div> - <div class='line'>I shiver in these breezes chill</div> - <div class='line in2'>That grow so fierce and bold,</div> - <div class='line in8'>Yet hearts</div> - <div class='line in2'>May laugh at Winter’s cold.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>That hand of thine, so fair and strong,</div> - <div class='line in2'>I thought could clasp me warm;</div> - <div class='line'>It melts within my burning grasp</div> - <div class='line in2'>Like touch of ghostly form;</div> - <div class='line in8'>I hear</div> - <div class='line in2'>No heart-beat through the storm.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>Great winds from out the heavens leap;</div> - <div class='line in2'>No castle-dome appears;</div> - <div class='line'>Rain dashes on mine upturned face,</div> - <div class='line in2'>To quench the hope of years:</div> - <div class='line in8'>Pour, floods;</div> - <div class='line in2'>Yet faster flow my tears.</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_202'>202</span> - <h2 class='c003'><em>MARCH.</em></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div>BY ALICE ESTELLE FRIESE.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c005'>It was a fierce, wild March night. -One can fancy such scenes quite comfortably -in cheerful, well-lighted, close-curtained -rooms; but to breast the -driving storm of sleet and rain outside, -is quite another matter. So thought -Mr. Thorpe, a respectable tradesman -in the thriving, bustling town of L—— -as he hurried on through the darkness, -and the ever increasing violence of the -gale.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Visions of the cosy parlor, with its -tempting tea-table so daintily arranged, -and the pretty, charming wife who presides -so gracefully, flit across his brain; -but even their alluring promises cannot -blind him as to the discomforts of -the present; and with a gasp of despair -he tucks the wreck of an umbrella -under his arm, buttons his heavy -coat closer around him, and strides on -through the gloom. No one is astir -tonight; no sign of life meets him in -the usually well-filled streets. “Everyone -is safely housed, but myself,” he -mutters to the unpitying darkness. But -even as he is speaking, a form, tall and -slight, starts out from the shadows a -few paces ahead, and pauses for a flash -of time under the uncertain light of the -solitary street-lamp, which lamps in -our aspiring villages are placed at undeterminable -distances from each -other, wherever one long straggling -street happens to meet another, seeming -to say to the night pedestrian, -“you have safely traversed the impenetrable -darkness thus far, behold I invite -you to a continuation of the same.”</p> - -<p class='c005'>As the figure, evidently a woman’s, -stands thus for a moment clearly defined -against the dark background, Mr. -Thorpe is half inclined to fancy that it -turns to meet his advancing steps with -a gesture of entreaty; then suddenly -and swiftly glides on, and is lost from -sight.</p> - -<p class='c005'>I say he is inclined to fancy that she -appealed to him for aid; but being an -extremely practical man, he never allows -himself such vagaries; so he banishes -the fancy, and hurries on. At -last he has reached his own home. The -cheery, welcoming light streaming out -from the windows, sends a cheerful, -happy feeling through his entire being; -and with a laugh of defiance at the -mad fury of the storm, he springs up -the steps to the sheltering porch, when -suddenly at his very door his foot -touches something soft and yielding, -while at the same time, a little troubled -cry is heard, mingled with the weird, -uncanny voices of the wind. Half in -wonder, half in fear he seizes a mysterious -bundle at his feet, and presently -appears before the astonished gaze of -his wife, half drenched with the storm, -a hopeless expression of bewilderment -and perplexity upon his countenance, -while in his arms he holds out for her -inspection the same mysterious bundle, -from which various small cries issue, -from time to time, at irregular intervals. -The contents of the aforesaid -bundle being duly examined, they -prove none other than a round-faced, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_203'>203</span>charmingly beautiful, black eyed baby -girl. There is nothing in the “make-up” -of the child or its wardrobe that -even the most fastidious might criticise; -every article of clothing is of the -finest texture, and delicately wrought. -Evidently this is a waif from the very -lap of luxury, and refinement; and yet -an outcast and homeless.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Tenderly, lovingly, pretty Mrs. -Thorpe touches and caresses the little -stranger, saying half hesitatingly, “we -will care for her tonight, Charles, and -tomorrow we must make an effort to -find her parents; or if they cannot be -found, perhaps the matron of the orphans’ -home would take her; she seems -so unusually interesting, that I should -like to be sure she is well cared for, if -no one is to claim her.”</p> - -<p class='c005'>“Claim her!” impatiently interrupts -Mr. Thorpe; “You talk like a woman! -As if any one ever claimed what they -were glad to be rid of.” “But,”—his -voice softening a little as he spoke, for -in spite of himself the remembrance of -the unknown woman under the street-lamp, -and her mute appeal to him for -sympathy and help, clings to him; and -for once, without arriving at his conclusion -by a careful method of reasoning, -very unlike his usual self, he in some -strange, undefined way, closely associates -in his mind the memory of this -woman, and the presence of the little -stranger in his home—</p> - -<p class='c005'>“But, Mary, you might as well keep -the child; she seems as well disposed -as such afflictions usually are, and although -I don’t approve of babies, and -therefore wash my hands of the whole -affair, still it might be a good thing for -you; the vacant place in the household, -you know, will at last be filled.”</p> - -<p class='c005'>Still later, after Mrs. Thorpe had succeeded -in coaxing the smiles to chase -away the tears, and to play hide and -seek among the convenient dimples in -the baby’s cheeks and chin, she ventures -the question, “What shall we call -her?” for of course every baby must -have a name.</p> - -<p class='c005'>“Call her March; it would be quite -apropos,” suggests her husband quickly. -“Yes, but,” said Mrs. Thorpe, “it -seems almost like an evil omen to give -her such a dreary, cheerless name.” -“Nonsense, my love,” returns Mr. -Thorpe, “What’s in a name?” And so -it is settled, and baby March henceforth -becomes an important member of -the Thorpe household.</p> - -<p class='c005'>If I were giving a sermon, instead of -attempting to write a story, I should -here remark that Mrs. Thorpe was of -the type of women that many men -most desire for a wife—pretty, gentle, -submissive, yielding, and for the good -of the human race in general. I would -urge the fair sex to fashion themselves -in an entirely different mould; and, -whether matron or maid, to stand firm -and self-reliant in their own true -womanhood; for, although these shy, -helpless, clinging ways may seem to -the masterful lover the very embodiment -of womanly grace, yet they only -tend to make the one selfish and arrogant, -and the other abject and unwomanly. -But as such is not my purpose, -I shall leave all this unsaid, and -proceed at once with the story.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Time drags wearily with the heavy-hearted, -and all too quickly speeds -with the gay. To Mr. Thorpe’s quiet -home it has brought no sudden transformation. -The head of the house has -gone on in his matter-of-fact way, adding, -year by year, to his well-filled coffers, -until he has come to be acknowledged -in business parlance, “one of -the heaviest men of the town,” which -is quite as true literally. Mrs. Thorpe, -the matron, is as charming and pretty -as the Mrs. Thorpe of earlier years; -while March has grown from babyhood -past childhood into dawning womanhood, -the pet and idol of the home. -No clue has ever been given as to her -mysterious advent among them; no -trace of the unknown woman who, solitary -and alone, traversed the deserted -streets on that wild March night. Incredulous -people have long since -ceased to regard this phase of the -night’s experience. For how could any -strange person, and a woman, go in -and out among them, without the fact -being noted and commented upon by -some of the news-mongers. An utterly -<span class='pageno' id='Page_204'>204</span>impracticable story! Thus the matter -has been satisfactorily settled to -their minds. And even Mr. Thorpe, -from puzzling over the perplexing -question so long, has been inclined to -doubt its reality, and has even allowed -himself to think that possibly it might -have been a sort of optical illusion; or, -more improbable still, an unreal presence -from the shadowy land, supposed -to be inhabited by the guardian attendants -of finite creatures, and conditions. -But be that as it may, he has -somehow during these years fallen a -victim to the strange lovableness and -fascinating wiles of his adopted daughter; -and has grown fonder of her than -he would be willing to acknowledge.</p> - -<p class='c005'>A rare, beautiful creature she certainly -has become, with a dusky, richly -colored style of beauty quite unknown -among the passionless, phlegmatic people -of our sturdy north. A form, -slight, childlike, with a peculiar undulating -grace of movement, a complexion -brown as the nuts of our own forests, -yet crimson as the reddest rose; -wavy masses of ebon hair, catching odd -gleams in the sunlight, blue-black and -purplish like a raven’s wing, eyes capable -of wonderful transitions, now full of -joy, laughter, and sunshine, now flashing -scorn and defiance, or heavy with -midnight gloom. A strange child, full -of wild vagaries and incontrolable impulses. -Mrs. Thorpe could no more -understand her nature or check her -fierce impetuosity, than she could with -her weak hands stay the torrent of the -mountain stream, or control the headlong -speed of the wind, as it eddies -and whirls in its mad dance. And so, -unchecked and unrestrained, March -has entered upon her regal, imperious -womanhood.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Naturally, of course, there are many -manly hearts eager to pay homage -at so fair a shrine; but Mr. Thorpe -with paternal pride, has set his heart on -securing an eligible partner for his -darling. And so it begins to be rumored -around town, that Hon. Elwyn -Reeves has out-distanced all competitors, -and is in fact, the betrothed husband -of the beautiful March. To be -sure, he is her senior by many years, -but he comes from a long line of aristocratic -ancestors, and has added to -his proud name a princely fortune, as -his solid, elegant home, away upon the -hill, frowning in its imposing stateliness -upon its humbler, less aspiring neighbors, -attests.</p> - -<p class='c005'>“A very good match indeed, considering -her mysterious and somewhat -doubtful parentage, a remarkable <i><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">chef-d’œuvre</span></i> -of fortune for her;” say anxious -mammas and disappointed maidens. -Mr. Thorpe is pre-eminently satisfied, -and if March herself shows no gratification -in regard to her good fortune, it is -to be attributed to her peculiar disposition, -at times so reticent and reserved. -Thus Mr. Thorpe quiets any scruples -he may have entertained as he remembers -how listlessly and wearily March -replied, when he had mentioned Mr. -Reeves’ proposal, and dwelt warmly upon -the happiness in store for her as his -wife. “It shall be as you wish, papa, -you may, if you desire it, give Mr. -Reeves a favorable answer when he -calls.” But of course she was happy; -any sensible person would be with such -a future in anticipation.</p> - -<p class='c005'>All are therefore quite unprepared -for the announcement that Mrs. Thorpe -with ashen face, and broken, quivering -voice, first communicates to her husband, -that the servants quickly catch -up and carry into the streets; that in -an incredibly short time is upon every -tongue—March has left them, as mysteriously -and silently as she came -among them.</p> - -<p class='c005'>“Where had she gone, and why?” -These were questions with which speculative -minds were for sometime busy, -and anxious. Questions which were -never answered to them. She had -gone, leaving no trace behind. In a -little note addressed to her foster-parents, -she left them her dear love and a -farewell. She should never, never forget -their goodness and tenderness to -her; she had been happy with them, -but she had chosen for herself another -life, and a happier, and she must needs -live it. That was all. After a while -other faces came, and crowded the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_205'>205</span>memory of hers away. The house on -the hill soon found a mistress, who -brought to her husband as a dower in -the place of March’s queenly beauty, a -fortune equal in magnificence to that -of its owner, and so he was content. -It is one of the laws of compensation -that gives one good in the place of another -taken. Only Mr. and Mrs. -Thorpe long remembered, loved, and -waited for the lost one.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Every story must have its sequel, so -has mine. I think it was five years before -it came.</p> - -<p class='c005'>In a tiny cottage, embowered and -hidden by luxuriant vines and thick, -swaying foliage, in a quaint little town, -in a clime where the warmth and glory -and brightness of the midday sun is -never paled and dimmed by snow-hung -clouds, where the air is heavy -with the perfume of a thousand flowers, -and balmy with the luscious breath of -tropical fruits; where over the senses, -and into the soul, steal a dreamy, blissful -languor, and a strange, beautiful -peace, a woman in all her glorious -womanhood lay dying. And yet, -death does not seem very near to that -young creature who reclines on a low -couch by the open window, watching -and dreaming with a far away look in -the shadowy eyes, and a beautiful smile -upon the radiant face. A man with -blue eyes, full of woman’s tenderness, -and hair and beard of silvery whiteness, -is standing at her side. And now -the woman, turning her large, dark -eyes full upon him, speaks in a low, -musical voice that thrills the listener -with a subtile sense of pleasure and of -pain. “Dearest and best of friends, I -am come very near to the place where -the finite and the infinite meet, and -blend together, and are lost in one. -The past is vanishing like a glad dream, -so brief, and yet so full of joy and completeness. -All the unrest, and wild, -passionate longing seem very far away -from me now, such a strange, restful -life has come to me. I have been -thinking, perhaps it may be that some -lives gather their full measure of sunshine -and beauty in a very little time, -while others are longer upon the way. -And so, I have taken my happiness in -one delicious draught, and now hold -life’s empty goblet in my hands. I -have been waiting for this; my fate -was sealed when, a twelve-month ago, -they told me that my voice was irrecoverably -gone; for with it I had lost -my art, and that to me was simply life. -Well, it is best so. It may be in that -unknown beyond, whither I am hastening, -I shall find mine own again, and -my soul shall be satisfied. Today I -have been living again my old life, a -stranger and an alien, and yet tenderly -cared for by warm, loving hearts. I -suppose they mourned when they discovered -that their wild, willful March -had flown. The remembrance of the -pain I caused them has been my only -regret in this new life of mine—this -wonderful, grand life—and I owe it all -to you, my mother’s friend and mine. -After I am gone, you will send to my -dear foster-parents my good-bye message. -I have told them all. Of my -<span class='pageno' id='Page_206'>206</span>vain struggles to find my place among -the eager, restless throng in the great, -busy world, with only a wild, untrained -voice and an unconquerable will to aid -me. Of my finding a friend, the dearest -friend of my angel mother, who patiently, -lovingly bore with my capricious, -impetuous nature, and with -lavish prodigality helped me on toward -the wished for golden goal. And then -how destiny pressed close upon me, -with his black pinions o’ershadowing -me, and the fiat was—“Thus far shalt -thou go, and no farther.” Possibly -they may not understand it all. They -will think sadly that my life has been a -failure, and it may have been; still I -am glad to have lived it. It has been -grand, glorious, and yet I am a little -weary, and am impatient for the end.</p> - -<p class='c005'>And very soon it came, and March -went from the storm, and the tempest, -the longing and the pain, into light ineffable, -and peace eternal.</p> - -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c003'><em>PURE AS THE LILIES.</em></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div>BY HENRIETTA E. PAGE.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='lg-container-b c001'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line in12'>She held out her hands for the lilies,</div> - <div class='line in14'>Her blue eyes so eager and bright,</div> - <div class='line in12'>And holding them close to her bosom,</div> - <div class='line in14'>She murmured her soft toned “Dood night.”</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line in12'>“Ah! baby, my own little darling,</div> - <div class='line in14'>Though the lilies be never so fair,</div> - <div class='line in12'>The gold at their hearts is no brighter</div> - <div class='line in14'>Than the glinting strands of your hair.”</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line in12'>As you in my arms slumber lightly,</div> - <div class='line in14'>Your bright lashes kiss your fair cheek,</div> - <div class='line in12'>I pray the kind God to keep safely</div> - <div class='line in14'>My own little blossom so meek.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line in12'>Then laying her safe in her cradle,</div> - <div class='line in14'>The lilies clasped close to her breast,</div> - <div class='line in12'>And kissing her dewy lips softly,</div> - <div class='line in14'>I leave her alone to her rest.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line in12'>The breath of the flowers is no sweeter</div> - <div class='line in14'>Than the breath of my babe I ween,</div> - <div class='line in12'>The petals no whiter or purer</div> - <div class='line in14'>Than the soul of my wee heart’s queen.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>South Boston, Mass.</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_207'>207</span> - <h2 class='c003'><em>MEN OF OLD NOTTINGHAM AT THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL.</em></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div>BY JOHN SCALES, DOVER, N. H.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c005'>That old Roman, Sallust, says: -“Surely fortune rules all things. She -makes everything famous or obscure -rather from caprice than in conformity -with truth. The exploits of the Athenians, -as far as I can judge, were very -great and glorious, something inferior, -however, to what fame has represented -them. But because writers of great -talent flourished there, the actions of the -Athenians are celebrated over the world -as the most splendid achievements. -Thus the merit of those who have acted -is estimated at the highest point to -which illustrious intellects could exalt -it in their writings.”</p> - -<p class='c005'>Also, that latest of classical authors, -Josh Billings, says: “Young man, blow -your own horn!” These quotations -express exactly the way in which the -illustrious intellects of authors in Modern -Athens (of America) have exalted -the deeds of Massachusetts’ heroes to -such a degree that most people, outside -of New Hampshire, do not suppose -our state had much to do at the battle -of Bunker Hill, whereas New Hampshire -men constituted nearly four fifths -of all the men and officers in that battle. -Therefore I think I have just -cause to “blow my horn” for my native -town, and my ancestors who fought in -that battle.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Old Nottingham comprised a tract -of land supposed to be ten miles square, -and which is now Nottingham, Deerfield -and Northwood. It was incorporated -in 1722, and settlements -commenced in it soon after, at the -“Square,” a beautiful ridge of land -about 450 feet above the sea level. At -the beginning of the Revolution, Nottingham -had 999 inhabitants, Deerfield -929, and Northwood 313. The records -show that the people were making -preparations for the coming conflict, -and had sent generous assistance to -the “Industrious Poor sufferers of the -town of Boston” during the siege. -During the winter of 1774–5, Dr. -Henry Dearborn had a company of -men which met at the Square to drill -from time to time. In November, 1774, -a town-meeting was held and a committee -appointed to “Inspect into any -Person,” suspected of being a Tory.</p> - -<p class='c005'>On the 20th of April, 1775, news -reached the Square that a battle -had been fought the day before, and -in the evening a large number of citizens -assembled at the store of Thomas -Bartlett. On the 21st, at 4 o’clock, a -company of nearly one hundred men -commenced their march for Boston, -being armed and equipped as best they -could at such short notice.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Some say that Joseph Cilley was the -leader of this band of heroes, but others -say Dr. Henry Dearborn was captain, and -probably he was, as he had been drill-master -all winter, and was captain of the -company after they arrived in Cambridge. -They marched on foot all night, -and arrived in Medford at eight o’clock -on the morning of the 22d, some of the -company having traveled, on foot, more -than eighty miles since the previous -noon, and over roads which were far -from being in the best condition for -rapid traveling.</p> - -<p class='c005'>I have searched records a great deal -and inquired of the “oldest inhabitant,” -whenever I could find him, that I might -secure a complete list of the men who -constituted this company, but of the -hundred I can only give the following -names with certainty. If any reader of -this article can add a name he will do -me a great favor by forwarding it to me:</p> - -<p class='c005'>Dr. Henry Dearborn, Joseph Cilley, -Jr., Thomas Bartlett, Henry Butler, -Zephaniah Butler, John Simpson, Nathaniel -Batchelder, Daniel Moore, -Peter Thurston, Maj. Andrew McClary, -Benjamin Johnson, Cutting Cilley, -Joseph Jackson, Andrew Neally, Samuel -<span class='pageno' id='Page_208'>208</span>Johnson, Robert Morrison, William -Woolis, Eliphlet Taylor, William Blake, -Nathaniel Twombly, Simon Batchelder, -Abraham Batchelder, Simon Marston, -Moses Gilman, William Simpson, John -Nealey, and Samuel Sias. Let us -briefly glance at the record of some of -these men in the years that came after.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Henry Dearborn was born in Hampton, -Feb. 23, 1751. He studied medicine -and settled at Nottingham Square as -a physician, in 1772. He married Mary -D. Bartlett, daughter of Israel, and -sister of Thomas Bartlett of Nottingham. -He was always fond of military -affairs, and is said to have been a skilful -drill-master and well posted in the -tactics in use previous to the Revolution. -He fought with his company at -the battle of Bunker Hill. In the -September following, he joined Arnold’s -expedition to Quebec, accompanied by -these Nottingham men,—James Beverly, -John P. Hilton, Samuel Sias and -Moses Gilman. They marched up the -Kenebec river, through the wilds of -Maine and Canada. In the assault -upon that city, Captain Dearborn -was taken prisoner. Peter Livias, the -Tory councilor at Quebec, influenced -the authorities to parole and send him -home, on condition that Dearborn -should forward his wife and children to -him from Portsmouth to Quebec, which -was done as agreed. In April, 1777, -Capt. Dearborn was appointed Major -in Scammel’s regiment. He was in the -battles of Stillwater and Saratoga and -fought with such bravery, having command -of a distinct corps, as to win the -special commendation of Gen. Gates. -In 1778, he was in the battle of Monmouth, -with Col. Cilley acting as Lieut. -Col., and helped retrieve Lee’s disgraceful -retreat. He was with Gen. Sullivan -in his expedition against the Indians, in -1779, and was at Yorktown at the surrender -of Cornwallis in 1781. Upon -the death of Scammel, the gallant Colonel -of the Third N. H. Reg., at the hands -of a barbarous foe, Dearborn was made -Colonel and held that position to the -end of the war. After the war, he settled -in Maine, where he was Marshal -by appointment of Washington. He -was two terms a member of Congress; -Sec’y of War under Jefferson from -1801 to 1809; collector of the port of -Boston between 1809–12; senior Maj. -General in U. S. Army, 1812–13,and -captured York in Canada, and Fort -George, at the mouth of Niagara. He -was recalled by the President, July 6, -1813, and put in command of the military -district of N. Y. City, which recall -was, no doubt, a great mistake. In -1822 he was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary -to Portugal; recalled in -1824, at his own request: died at Roxbury, -Mass. June 6, 1829. General -Dearborn was a man of large size, gentlemanly -deportment, and one of the -bravest and most gallant men of his -time.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Joseph Cilley, son of Capt. Joseph -Cilley of Nottingham, was born in -1734; died 1799. He was engaged -in the attack upon Fort William and -Mary, in 1774; appointed Major in -Col. Poor’s regiment by the Assembly -of N. H. in 1775; he was not present -in the battle of Bunker Hill, as his regiment -was engaged in home defence. -He was made Lieut. Col. in 1776, and -April 2, 1777, was appointed Colonel -of the 1st. N. H. Reg. of three years’ -men, in place of Col. Stark, resigned. -He fought his regiment bravely at Bemis’s -Heights, near Saratoga; and two -weeks later was among the bravest of -the brave, when Burgoyne made his -final attack before surrendering his entire -army of six thousand men. So -fierce was the battle, that a single cannon -was taken and retaken five times; -finally, Col. Cilley leaped upon it, waved -his sword, and “dedicating the gun -to the American cause,” opened it upon -the enemy with their own ammunition. -He was with Washington’s army -at Valley Forge, 1777–8; was at the -storming of Stony Point; at Monmouth -he was one of the heroes in retrieving -Gen. Lee’s retreat; was at the surrender -of Cornwallis at Yorktown, and in -other hard-fought battles of the Revolution. -After the war he was Major-General -of the 1st Div. N. H. militia, -and as such headed the troops which -quelled the insurrection at Exeter in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_209'>209</span>1786, with his own hand arresting the -leader in the midst of his armed followers. -Gen. Cilley was a man of great -energy and industry, of strong passion, -yet generous and humane. He was -repeatedly elected representative, senator -and councillor.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Thomas Bartlett was born Oct. 22, -1745; married Sarah, daughter of Gen. -Joseph Cilley; was town-clerk twenty-six -years; selectman thirty years; was -the first representative from Nottingham -to the General Court in 1784; was one -of the Committee of Safety which managed -the colonial affairs of New Hampshire -during part of the Revolution; was -captain of the 5th company of “six -weeks” men at Winter Hill in 1775; -was Lieut. Col. in Col. Gilman’s regiment, -in 1776; Lieut. Col. in Col. -Whipple’s regiment at Rhode Island, -in 1778; also was Lieut. Colonel under -Stark at the capture of Burgoyne. -In 1780 he was Colonel of a regiment -at West Point, when Arnold betrayed -that fort. In 1790 he was appointed -Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, -and retained that office till his death in -1805. He was Major-General of first -division of New Hampshire militia -from 1799 to 1805, in which office he -was preceded by Gen. Joseph Cilley, -and followed by Gen. Henry Butler.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Henry Butler was a son of Rev. Benjamin -Butler, the first settled minister in -Nottingham, and was born April 27, -1754. He was captain of a company -in Col. Thomas Bartlett’s regiment at -West Point, in 1780. He held many -town and state offices; was the first -postmaster in Nottingham, when Gideon -Granger was Postmaster-General; -and was Major-General of the first division -of New Hampshire militia from -1805, for several years.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Zephaniah Butler, brother to Rev. -Benjamin, was a school teacher in Nottingham -for many years preceding the -Revolution, and was one of Col. Cilley’s -staff officers during several campaigns. -He married a sister of Col. Cilley; Gen. -B. F. Butler, whom everybody knows, -is his grandson, he being son of Capt. -John Butler of Deerfield, who was son -of Zephaniah.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Cutting Cilley, brother of Col. Joseph -Cilley, was born in 1738, and died -in 1825; he held many town offices, -and was captain of a company in one -of the New Hampshire regiments during -the Revolution.</p> - -<p class='c005'>John Simpson, born in 1748, and dying -in 1810, is said to have been the man -who fired the first gun at the battle of -Bunker Hill. In 1778, he was lieutenant -in Capt. Simon Marston’s company, -Col. Peabody’s regiment; and was subsequently -promoted to major. His -brother, Robert, who also served in the -Revolutionary army, is the great grandfather -of General Ulysses Simpson -Grant.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Nathaniel Batchelder, who was a -brother-in-law of Col. Cilley, fought -in the battle of Bunker Hill, under -Capt. Dearborn, and was adjutant in -Col. Drake’s regiment, which did brave -service in the battle of Stillwater, Saratoga, -and the surrender of Burgoyne. -He died of fever at Valley Forge, -March 28, 1778.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Daniel Moore kept the first tavern at -Deerfield Parade; fought at Bunker -Hill and in subsequent battles; was -captain in Col. Stark’s regiment, and -did valiant service during the war.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Andrew McClary was from Epsom -and belonged to a family distinguished -for its military men. He was plowing -in his field on the 20th of April, 1775, -when he <em>heard a horn blow</em>, which, on -the instant, he knew was the tocsin of -war; he left his plow in the furrow, and -after the speediest preparation, hastened -to Deerfield Parade and thence to Nottingham -Square, where he joined Capt. -Dearborn’s company. After they arrived -in Cambridge he was active in -helping organize the New Hampshire -men into companies and was himself -appointed major in Col. Stark’s regiment. -He fought with his regiment -at Bunker Hill, and was killed after the -battle, in attempting to have “another -shot at the enemy.”</p> - -<p class='c005'>Robert Morrison was born and lived -on the Square; he was a member of -Dr. Dearborn’s company, which drilled -during the winter of 1774–5, and a -private in Capt. Dearborn’s company -<span class='pageno' id='Page_210'>210</span>in the battle of Bunker Hill. In the -September following he was bearer of -dispatches from Washington to the -Committee of Safety in New Hampshire, -by whom he was treated with distinguished -honors. In 1777 he was -a private in Col. Stark’s regiment, and -fought bravely in all the battles till the -surrender of Burgoyne. His son, -Robert Morrison, Esq., resides in Northwood -at the present time.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Joseph Jackson was sergeant in Capt. -Dearborn’s company at Bunker Hill, -afterwards served in several campaigns -and was captain of a company.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Samuel Johnson was not in the Bunker -Hill fight, but was in the campaign of -1777, at Bennington, Stillwater and -Saratoga, and took an active part under -a commission which gave him the rank -of colonel. He was one of the first -settlers of Northwood at the Narrows, -and was one of the selectmen of the -town for fifteen years.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Simon Marston was from Deerfield, -having settled on the Longfellow farm -in 1763; he lived in the garrison house, -erected by Jonathan Longfellow. He -was sowing wheat when the courier, -shouting the news of the battle of Lexington, -rode past the field where he was -at work. Marston left the measure, -from which he was sowing, rushed to -the house, filled his knapsack with pork -and other necessaries, seized his gun, -and hurried down to the Square. He -acted in the capacity of an officer in -Col. Reed’s regiment at Bunker Hill; -was an officer under Lieut. Col. Senter; -was captain of 1st Co. Col. Peabody’s -regiment; was afterwards commissioned -major and fought at Bennington, Stillwater -and Saratoga. He was a brave -man in war and energetic in peace. -The others named, although they held -no office of rank, were no less brave -and faithful in performing perilous duties, -and deserve to have their names -recorded where they will never be forgotten.</p> - -<p class='c005'>After the Nottingham men arrived in -Cambridge, and saw there was no danger -of another attack immediately by the -troops in Boston, several returned home -and commenced more thorough preparation -for the coming conflict, but Dr. Dearborn -and most of the men remained -and were organized into a company, -and Dearborn was elected captain the -company became a part of Col. Stark’s -regiment and was stationed at Medford, -whence they marched on the 17th of -June and participated in the glories -of “Breed’s Hill.” Captain Dearborn’s -company was No. 8, but he -marched from Medford to the “Railfence,” -by the side of Col. Stark.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The following list of men comprising -this company is no doubt correct, as it -was furnished by Judge Nesmith for -Cogswell’s “History of Nottingham, -Deerfield and Northwood,” and the -Judge is one of the best authorities in -the State in such matters. The men -were nearly all from old Nottingham:</p> - -<table class='table0' summary=''> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Captain,</td> - <td class='c008'>Henry Dearborn, Nottingham.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1st Lieut.,</td> - <td class='c008'>Amos Morrill, Epsom.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>2d Lieut.,</td> - <td class='c008'>Michael McClary, Epsom.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1st Sergt.,</td> - <td class='c008'>Jona. Clarke, Nottingham.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>2d Sergt.,</td> - <td class='c008'>And. McGaffey, Epsom.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>3d Sergt.,</td> - <td class='c008'>Jos. Jackson, Nottingham.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1st Corp.,</td> - <td class='c008'>Jonah Moody, Nottingham.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>2d Corp.,</td> - <td class='c008'>Andrew Field, Nottingham.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>3d Corp.,</td> - <td class='c008'>Jona. Gilman, Deerfield.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>4th Corp.,</td> - <td class='c008'>And. Bickford, Deerfield.</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p class='c005'>Privates.—Simon Dearborn, Gideon -Glidden, James Garland, John Harvey, -David Mudgett (of Gilmanton), Simon -Sanborn, Robt. Morrison, John Runnels, -John Neally, Joseph Place, Abram -Pettengale, Andrew Nealley, Peter -Severance, John Wallace, Theop. Cass -(of Epsom), Israel Clifford, Nathaniel -Batchelder (of Deerfield), Jacob Morrill, -John Simpson, John Wallace, Jr., -Neal McGaffey (of Epsom), Jonah -Libbey, Moses Locke, Francis Locke, -Zebulon Marsh, Solomon Moody, -Chas. Whitcher, Marsh Whitten, Noah -Sinclair (drummer), James Randell -(fifer), Nich. Brown, Benj. Berry (of -Epsom), John Casey, Jona. Cram (of -Deerfield), Jeremiah Conner, Elisha -Hutchinson, Dudley Hutchinson, Benj. -Judkins, Josh. Wells, Jere. Dowe, Jona. -Dowe, John Dwyer, David Page, Jr., -Beniah Libbey, William Rowell, Weymouth -Wallace (of Epsom), Thomas -Walsh and William McCrellis (of -Epsom).</p> - -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_211'>211</span> - <h2 class='c003'><em>THE N. H. SEVENTH AT FT. WAGNER.</em></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div><span class='small'>[From sketch of Lieut. <span class='sc'>Henry W. Baker</span>, in Coffin’s History of Boscawen.]</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c005'>The command had been entrusted -to Gen. Trueman H. Seymour, who determined -to make an assault. He -knew nothing of the construction of -Ft. Wagner. No information of the -impediments to be overcome had -reached him. Col. Putnam of the 7th, -commanding the second brigade, opposed -the contemplated movement.</p> - -<p class='c005'>“I do not think that we can take the -fort,” he said; and when Gen. Seymour -reiterated his determination to -make the attempt, Col. Putnam said, -“We shall go like a flock of sheep.”</p> - -<p class='c005'>The sun had set, and the twilight -faded. The soldiers were ordered to -remove the caps from the nipples of -their rifles, and were told that they -must depend upon the bayonet alone. -In the 100th N. Y., which formed behind -the 7th, this order was neglected.</p> - -<p class='c005'>In the darkness the assaulting column -moved forward. The iron-clads, -and the Union batteries opened a heavy -fire, which was continued till the column -was so near that further firing -would endanger it, when, at a signal, -all the Union batteries became silent. -In an instant Ft. Wagner was aflame. -Its heavy siege guns, howitzers, and -forty-two pounder carronades burst -forth, pouring a stream of shot and -shell into the advancing troops. And -now, in addition, the parapet of the -fort swarmed with men, who, through -the terrible cannonade of the day had -been lying securely beneath the bomb -proofs. Mingled with the roar of the -cannon were their volleys of musketry.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The first brigade had the advance. -Its ranks went down like grass before -the mower. Some of the soldiers fled, -panic stricken. The second brigade, -led by the 7th N. H., pressed on and -filled the decimated ranks. Suddenly -they found themselves confronted by a -ditch fifty feet wide and ten feet deep, -with four feet of water flowing into it. -Only at the south-eastern angle was it -dry. It was enfiladed by howitzers. Into -the ditch leaped the soldiers. Grape -and canister mowed them down, but -others crowded on. The 7th N. H., -led by Lt. Col. Joseph C. Abbott, -made its way unfalteringly into the -ditch, through it, and up the slope of -the parapet. Cannon and musketry -blazed in their faces; and now there -was a flash behind them—the 100th -N. Y., not having removed their caps, -were firing into the dark mass, not -knowing who was friend, who foe. All -was confusion. All order disappeared. -In the darkness no one could be recognized. -Amid the groans of the wounded, -the shouting of officers, the rattle -of rifles, the roar of cannon, the bursting -of shells, it was impossible to maintain -discipline. Col. Putnam, a few of -his subordinates, and one or two hundred -men entered the fort. The enemy -charged, but were driven back. -Col. Putnam was killed; one officer -after another went down. The reserve, -which should have rushed up, did not -come. The assault had lost its force. -Like sheep the Union soldiers fled as -best they could through the devastating -fire, leaving a ghastly heap of dead and -wounded in the ditch, and on the parapet -of the fort. Among the killed was -Henry W. Baker. By his side were -Dexter Pritchard, Liberty G. Raymond, -and Alexander F. Stevens, from -Boscawen, and of his company, also -killed.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Among the wounded was Samuel -McEvely, and among the prisoners was -John Clancy, who died in prison at -Richmond.</p> - -<p class='c005'>In his first battle, Lieut. Baker gave -his life to his country. Those who -served under him speak of him with affection. -He was cool and brave, and -ever mindful of his duty. He was -buried where he fell, with his commander, -Col. Putnam, and his subordinates, -Pritchard, Raymond, and Stevens.</p> - -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_212'>212</span> - <h2 class='c003'><em>UPWARD.</em></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div>BY MARY HELEN BOODEY.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='lg-container-b c001'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>On the wings of my faith I aspire</div> - <div class='line'>O God! to rise higher and higher,</div> - <div class='line in2'>And to quaff of the scintillate springs</div> - <div class='line'>That flow all exhaustless from Thee,</div> - <div class='line'>Who art fountain, and haven, and sea,</div> - <div class='line in2'>And canst satisfy all who aspire.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>I mount and I mount through the air,</div> - <div class='line'>Borne up by the breath of my prayer,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Through waves of the sunshine of love;</div> - <div class='line'>Thy presence, O God! is the light,</div> - <div class='line'>Thou givest my spirit its flight,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Thou rulest below and above.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>I live in the glories of God,</div> - <div class='line'>I know that His merciful rod</div> - <div class='line in2'>Extends o’er a sorrowful world;</div> - <div class='line'>I see how His Providence glows</div> - <div class='line'>With sweet hues of azure and rose,</div> - <div class='line in2'>His banner, the heavens unfurled.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>The universe sings to my soul,</div> - <div class='line'>And I join with my voice in the whole,</div> - <div class='line in2'>And God is the spirit of Law;</div> - <div class='line'>The Power of blessing and blight,</div> - <div class='line'>The Giver of morning and night,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Whose judgments are all without flaw.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>Behold! I am given to see</div> - <div class='line'>That the darkness and sorrow that be,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Lie low and cling closely to earth;</div> - <div class='line'>But the light of God’s glory descends,</div> - <div class='line'>And the might of His justice attends</div> - <div class='line in2'>The souls that are weeping in dearth.</div> - </div> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>A Hand that is brilliant with truth,</div> - <div class='line'>And gentle indeed in its ruth,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Shall point out the way and defend,</div> - <div class='line'>And the gloom of each fearful abyss,</div> - <div class='line'>The serpents that threaten and hiss,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Shall be conquered and slain to amend.</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c003'><em>IN BATTLE AND IN PRISON.</em><br /> <span class='large'>A REMINISCENCE OF THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.</span></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div>BY WILLIAM E. STEVENS.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c005'>The events I am about to describe -took place at a critical period of “the -war to keep the Union whole,” and -cover that date in the career of the -army of the Potomac beginning with -Hooker’s flank movement against Lee, -entrenched on the heights of Fredericksburg, -and ending with the disastrous repulse -which attended that finely planned, -yet poorly executed, and ill-starred -campaign. Of course, I am not writing -history, except in a small way; nor -do I essay to describe in detail or with -accuracy the events in question. My -purpose is to give my own observations -and experiences, mainly from memory, -reinforced by a few scraps and half-illegible -memoranda saved from the accidents -by flood and field.</p> - -<p class='c005'>I was a participant in many of the -earlier battles fought by the army of -the Potomac; but my opportunities -for acquiring accurate information -touching the general aspects of the -field were necessarily limited to that -part of it within my own immediate -range of vision, and even here—so rigidly -did our commanders aim to reduce -us to mere automatons—we were often -in the dark as to the meaning of this or -that movement. I strove hard to master -the situation, but not until the war -closed and the reports of commanders -were given to the public, did I have -other than a very indefinite conception -of much that transpired about me. -Why we made this or that change of -front; why we were kept for hours in -line of battle beneath a broiling sun -with no enemy in sight; why we were -rushed from one point to another in an -apparently hap-hazard manner, enduring -fatigue and hunger and subsisting -upon wormy “hardtack;” why we were -<span class='pageno' id='Page_213'>213</span>pushed against impregnable positions, -when a flank movement seemed to our -inexperienced eyes the proper thing to -do—now fighting, now building corduroy -roads, digging rifle-pits or supporting -batteries in our rear, which did -more execution upon us, by reason of -defective ammunition, than upon the enemy—concerning -all these points, and -many more we were anxious to be informed, -but not one atom of information -could we get.</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c001'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>“Ours not to inquire why,</div> - <div class='line'>Ours but to do and die.”</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>Was this reticence in pursuance of the -mistaken theory that machine soldiers -are best? Or was it because “some one -had blundered,” and ignorance or incapacity, -or something still worse, could -be the more easily concealed? Whatever -the reason, the fact remains that -to the rank and file much of the campaigning -done up to 1863–64 seemed -to them worse than needless;—and -looking back over that period with the -light of history thrown upon it, I am -not prepared to say the rank and file -were mistaken in their estimate. I -was impressed then, and the impression -has never been effaced, that the -reticence observed toward the men in -the ranks touching what was going on -about them, was a grievous error on -the part of our commanders. It is a -question, certainly, whether it would -not have been better to have kept the -“boys” informed of the real military -situation and of what they were expected -to achieve. The belief that much -of the hardship endured was the result -of blundering generals, or, worse, of -criminal indifference, did much to unman -our soldiers and cause them to lose -faith and hope. Our volunteers were not -machine soldiers, as some of the West -Pointers seemed to presume, but patriotic, -thinking and observing men who -could fight best when they fought understandingly. -I am told that the -rebel commanders pursued a different -policy, and although their soldiers were -mentally inferior to ours, kept them -apprized of the general situation and -of what they must do to accomplish the -end sought. Who shall say how many -of the confederate victories may be accredited -to this fact, if it is a fact? But -our commanders, instead of trusting -their men, either kept them in utter ignorance -of movements or foolishly deceived -them. How well I remember -at the battle of Gaines’s Hill, where -Jackson thrashed Porter so soundly, -and Sykes’s regulars failed to stand their -ground, that the story was industriously -circulated along the thinned but unbroken -ranks of Bartlett’s Brigade, “McClellan’s -in Richmond, boys. One more -effort and the day is ours!” And Meagher’s -Irish Brigade, hastening to our -relief on the run, took up the cry and -put on so determined a front that Jackson’s -veterans halted and reformed, -giving our officers time to re-establish -their broken lines and hold their -ground until night came down and afforded -them an opportunity to withdraw -to the left bank of the Chickahominy,—not -to enter Richmond, but -to begin that celebrated “flank movement” -which ended at Harrison’s -Landing. Again, at second Bull Run, -when, after dawdling along all day on -the road from Alexandria to Centreville, -with the sounds of conflict in our -front (making a long two hours’ rest at -Annandale, and then marching at full -speed in a hot sun), we reached Centreville, -we were told that Pope had -whipped Jackson, and that Lee with -his whole army was in full retreat. But -when we reached Bull Run, “Linden -saw another sight.” Heavens, what a -stampede! McDowell’s and Sigel’s -corps in disastrous retreat,—cavalry, artillery, -infantry, ammunition and baggage -wagons in one confused, struggling -mass, intent upon reaching the -heights of Centreville. Our corps -<span class='pageno' id='Page_214'>214</span>(Franklin’s, 6th) had just halted to rest, -as the stragglers came into view. Deploying, -we stopped the rout, and ended -the retreat. Seizing the infantry -stragglers, we placed them in our own -ranks until our brigade swelled to twice -its usual size. Night closed in, and we -were marched to the front across Cub -Run, and ordered to hold our position -at all hazards. In that march every -straggler deserted! Poor fellows, who -could blame them? Had they been -killed then and there who could have -accounted for them? Most of them returned -to their own regiments and thereafter -did good service no doubt. Panics -are liable to seize upon the best of -troops. I cite these instances as partial -corroboration of my point. What -wonder if our troops came to distrust -all reports and to depend only upon -established facts. But perhaps our -commanders were right in concealing -information from the army in general, -and Moore may have hit the nail on the -head when he wrote:</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c001'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>“A captain has been known to think,</div> - <div class='line'>Even colonels have been heard to reason;</div> - <div class='line in2'>And reasoners whether clad in pink,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Or red or blue, are on the brink,</div> - <div class='line'>Nine cases out of ten—of treason.”</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>At any rate they conducted the war -in harmony with such a belief.</p> - -<p class='c005'>One battle only did I witness from -the vantage ground of a non-combatant, -the first Fredericksburg fight, and -I found it vastly more interesting and -conducive to personal ease and safety, -if less glorious. But this is not what I -started out to tell the readers of this -Magazine. I am to relate my experience -during that memorable episode referred -to in my opening paragraph. I must -say at the outset that it was an exceedingly -checkered episode, so far as my -memory serves me, for within the time -outlined I ran the gamut of a soldier’s -emotions—anxiety, uncertainty, fear, -hope, the thrill of victory succeeded all -too quickly by the blackest despair; -for success was followed by repulse, -and from an elated victor I became almost -in a twinkling, a captive in the -hands of as ragged and as dirty a lot of -Johnny Rebs as ever fought with a -courage worthy of a better cause,—a -part of Wilcox’s Alabama brigade, -McLaw’s division. But I must not anticipate.</p> - -<p class='c005'>During the winter of 1862–63, our -brigade lay encamped near White Oak -church, a locality about equi-distant, if -my memory serves me, between Falmouth -on the Rappahannock and -Belle Plain on the Potomac. It had -had ample time to recuperate from the -fatigue of the “mud march,” as Burnside’s -second futile attempt to dislodge -Lee from his entrenchments about -Fredericksburg, was facetiously termed, -and as spring opened the routine of -life in cantonment was relieved by parades, -reviews, inspections, drills, and, -occasionally, target practice. Meantime -Hooker had superceded Burnside -in chief command, and a new and -more vigorous life had been infused into -all branches of the service. This -was particularly true of the cavalry, -which had fallen into general disfavor. -Under Hooker’s discipline it became -very effective. The high-sounding -grand divisions had been broken up, -and the over-cautious, phlegmatic -Franklin, relieved. With other changes, -came Sedgwick to the command of our -corps—a great improvement in some -respects on Franklin. The cool and -sagacious Slocum, so long at the head -of the red-cross division, had been promoted -to the command of a corps, and -Gen. Brooks, as brave, perhaps, but a -far less skilful soldier, had succeeded -him, having been promoted from the -Vermont brigade. Gen. Joe Bartlett -of New York, commanded our brigade—a -fine officer, and a lion in battle. A -brave man, too, was our Colonel, but -deficient in tactical skill. He might -not “set a squadron in the field,” but -he could face the enemy’s line of battle -without flinching. In action he was -the embodiment of pluck, and at such -times he looked as if he might be the -very</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c001'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line in30'>“——Colonel</div> - <div class='line'>Who galloped through the white infernal powder cloud.”</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c009'>in continental days. But he did not -appear to advantage on parade, being -undersized and awkward gaited, with a -shrill, piercing voice, not unlike that of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_215'>215</span>the late Isaac O. Barnes, or the irrepressible -Mel. Weston, and totally indifferent -to all the niceties of drill so -pleasing to the holiday soldier. On -one occasion he forgot his place at a -Brigade dress parade, and was then -and there rebuked sharply by the general. -Meeting the latter at headquarters -the same evening, where a “reception” -to the officers of the brigade was -in full career and good fellowship, aided -by copious draughts of “commissary,” -abounded, the Colonel extended -his hand and piped out in a high key -which attracted the attention of all -present: “Gineral, I’m not much at -drill I confess, but I’ve got a hell-fired -stomach for a fight!”</p> - -<p class='c005'>On the morning of the 28th of April, -1863, our regiment was ordered on -picket duty, but scarcely had we relieved -the old picket guard when orders -came to return to camp, strike -tents, and prepare to move at once in -heavy marching order. This meant -work, but was an agreeable change. I -had only joined my regiment the day -previous, after a brief leave of absence, -and was resplendent in a new uniform, -sword, etc. Of course I packed the -uniform away, and left it in care of the -sutler, while I donned a knit blouse, -and with a due regard for sharpshooters -of which the Confederacy had, as it -always seemed to me when on the -skirmish line, more than its share, put -myself in condition for serious work, -having nothing in the way of wearing -apparel save my side-arms to indicate -military rank. Meantime a great -change had been effected in our winter -quarters. The tents had been removed -from the log huts to which they had -served as roofs and windows, and now -the bare interiors, with the debris -strewn about, and broken chimneys and -blackened walls alone remained. A -more dismal or melancholy sight than a -deserted cantonment cannot be conceived. -“Warm work ahead, boys,” -gaily and cheerily remarked our jovial, -stout-hearted adjutant, as he rode up -to the head of the regiment. It proved -to be particularly hot for him, for he -received a wound in his head, in the -charge on Marye’s Heights, that he -will carry to his grave, and which ended -his military career, but not his usefulness; -for he is now a popular clergyman, -a true soldier of the cross, settled -in Philadelphia, I believe. Our -progress was slow, and darkness intervened -just as we reached a ravine leading -down to the narrow valley which -skirts the river on that side. We bivouacked -in our tracks, not being allowed -to kindle fires. Back over the -route we had come could be heard the -rumble of artillery wagons and the -tramp, tramp, of marching columns. -In front, silence reigned. Orders are -issued in a low tone; and that stern -composure which soldiers assume when -about to encounter the enemy was -apparent in the bearing of all. The -officers gather around their adjutant, -who is a favorite at brigade and division -headquarters, to learn his views -touching the movement. He thinks -we are in for a fight, and gives his opinion -as to Hooker’s intentions. He is -sanguine of success.—We have hardly -closed our eyes in sleep, when some -one calls out in a voice seemingly loud -enough for the rebel pickets to hear, -“Where is Colonel Blank?” “Here, -sir,” responds that officer, rubbing his -eyes. “What’s wanted?” “Gen. B. -directs me to say that you are to -march your regiment to the bank of the -river, form in line of battle, and await -further orders. You are to move expeditiously, -with as little noise as possible, -following the pontoons.” The order -is obeyed; the regiment marching -away in almost spectral silence. Debouching -from the ravine, the darkness -deepens, for a dense fog hangs over the -valley of the Rappahannock like a -pall. We file past the pontoon train, -from which the engineer corps are detaching -the boats, silently and with -all the celerity possible—and stand upon -the river’s brink. In our rear come -other regiments, until our whole brigade -is closed in line five regiments deep.—It -was a critical time. I recall it well. -The silence was almost oppressive; orders -were given in low tones, and nothing -but the rattle of accoutrements -<span class='pageno' id='Page_216'>216</span>broke the silence. The fog resembled -a mirage. Objects a little way off took -on gigantic proportions. I remember -that a pontoon boat, borne on stout -shoulders to the river’s brink, resembled -the immense hulk of a ship as it -loomed into view, while at the distance -of a few feet men took on colossal dimensions. -Meantime we are tolled off -in detachments to occupy the pontoons, -along with the engineers who -are to do the navigation, and our orders -are to form instantly on reaching -the other shore, dash forward and capture -the enemy’s picket line, or whatever -force may be there to oppose us. -At length there are sounds of commotion -on the other side. The Johnnies -suspect something. Splash! goes a -pontoon into the water, followed by a -deep curse from the officer in charge, -brave old Gen. Benham, who cannot -restrain his rage over the carelessness -of his men. Meanwhile the fog has been -gradually rising, and the gray of dawn -appears. More stir on the other side, a -rattling of equipments, hurried commands—then -a sharp challenge, (some -of our scouts are nearly over), followed -by a single musket discharge, then a volley, -and the whistle of bullets. Instinctively -we do them low obeisance; the -lines waver for an instant, then firmness -and silence. So heavy a fire was -not anticipated. It told of a large reserve -which must have been brought up -in expectation of an attack. All hope -of a surprise was over. “Will the pontoons -never be launched?” Yes, Benham -has done his duty, and into them -we scramble and push off, each boat for -itself. The stream is narrow at this -point, but we are not swift enough to -check another volley, which being better -directed than the first, killed and -wounded a number of our boys in the -boats. Almost at the same instant our -pontoon touches the shore. There is a -rush, a charge, a brief struggle, and that -picket guard is <i><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">hors du combat</span></i>. Quickly -deploying on the bank we advance, -but the enemy retires more quickly;—and -we have established a firm foothold, -the pontoon bridge is laid, and -the whole corps is streaming across as -the morning sun rises above the horizon. -The fog still clings, however, to -the rising ground on which Franklin -fought at the first battle of Fredericksburg, -and we move with due caution, -skirmishers well out, not knowing what -sort of a reception Stonewall Jackson, -whose corps is known to occupy the -wooded heights beyond, may have in -store for us. But no serious opposition -is offered after the affair of the pickets, -and gradually we occupy most of the -ground previously held by the centre of -Franklin’s grand division. The fog -lifts at last, and the sight revealed is a -picturesque one. Before us, a level -plain, extending on the right to the suburbs -of Fredericksburg, and on the -left, cut with ravines and hillocks somewhat, -for a long distance. Back of us, -the river; fronting, on either hand, the -plain ending in a range of wooded hills, -semicircular in shape, and dotted with -fortifications. The enemy’s picket line -is well out upon the plain but touching -the river above us near the city. Extending -our left it soon came in contact -with Reynolds’ corps, which had -effected a crossing a mile or two lower -down, after a sharp artillery fight in -which the enemy showed superior metal, -but was obliged to retire after the -infantry got over. Midway from the -river to the range of hills, and parallel -with the former, is a deep ravine where -partial shelter from the concentric fire -from the artillery posted on Marye’s -Heights on the right and on the hills -in front, was afforded Franklin’s troops -in the previous battle. A few artillery -shots are fired, soon after establishing -our lines, and then all becomes quiet. -What does this inaction portend? Evidently, -Lee is acting on the defensive, -and waiting for the development of -Hooker’s strategy. He does not have -long to wait. Before us is the whole -rebel army. Will it swoop down upon -us before Hooker can develop his left -and crush us? This is the conundrum -with which we wrestle, as the hours wear -away, varying it with a conjecture as to -whether we shall be ordered to assault -the enemy, in his chosen position, -against which Burnside had thrown the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_217'>217</span>flower of his army only to be hurled -back discomfited. Another artillery -duel between Reynolds and Jackson -later in the day closes the fighting, and -a night of repose follows. The succeeding -day proved to be one of quiet, -also, but there was a constant movement -of troops in our rear on the -heights of Falmouth, the line of march -being directly up river.</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c001'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>“You see them on their winding way,</div> - <div class='line'>About their ranks the sunbeams play.”</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c005'>That night our regiment went on picket. -Never shall I forget it. Strict orders -had been received, prohibiting fires, or -conversation above a whisper, and requiring -the most vigilant watchfulness to prevent -surprise, as the enemy in heavy force -was directly in our front. Our eyes -were kept constantly on the rebel sentinels -moving ghost-like upon their -beats. A dense fog settled down, cold -and damp. The hours seemed leaden. -The suspense became intense, unbearable. -Suddenly a tremor sweeps along -the line. Our boys are doubly alert. -What does it mean? A message comes -down the front line—“The enemy are -advancing. Hold your ground until -the reserves are formed, then rally upon -them!” With muskets firmly grasped -the Union pickets await the onset. -A night attack is always dreaded by -soldiers, and nothing is more trying to -the nerves of veterans than the expectation -of a conflict with an unseen foe. -But our boys do not flinch; they feel -the responsibility imposed upon them -and resolve to do their duty. Minutes -go by, and still no advance, although -the weird line of sentinels has been succeeded -by a line of battle. Momentarily -we expect to see a sheet of flame -burst from that compact mass, the components -of which are indistinguishable -in the fog and darkness, although hardly -six rods distant. But it comes not. -The mass recedes and fades out, leaving -the sentinels pacing their posts, and -we now know that the movement was -only a reconnaissance. Morning dawns -at length, and we are relieved without -firing a shot. As we gain the shelter of -the ravine near the bank of the river, -we notice that Reynolds has recrossed -with his whole corps and is marching in -the direction taken by the main army. -Looking toward the rebel position on -our left, dark masses of men are seen -moving over the hills, as if in retreat. -Here again we have food for speculation. -Has Hooker, whose guns are -now heard on the right, outflanked the -enemy? Later on we learned that these -troops were Stonewall Jackson’s rear -guard, that intrepid commander being -then in the process of executing that famous -flank movement which put the -11th corps to rout and turned a Union -success into a Confederate victory, the -most signal ever achieved by its armies. -About noon our troops made a demonstration, -driving back the enemy’s pickets, -and later in the day rifle-pits were -dug under cover of army blankets hung -up as if to dry—a device so simple as to -deceive the Confederates, for otherwise, -being commanded by their guns, it -could not have been effected without -serious loss.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The next day (Saturday, May 2), -was comparatively quiet, although far -to the right could be heard the deep, -yet muffled sound of artillery firing, -telling that Hooker was engaged. We -made demonstrations all along our -front, but did no real fighting. During -the night, the firing on the right became -very heavy,—and I was called into line -at about 2 a. m., to go through ere another -chance to sleep was afforded me, -the most exciting experiences of my -life. We were marched to the front, -and posted in a ravine. With the first -streaks of dawn came sounds of musketry -firing on our right. It was the -Light Division in the streets of Fredericksburg. -Marching by the left flank -we emerge from the ravine and take a -position on the left, the second, and -third and light divisions of our corps -extending to the right. As we leave -the ravine the enemy opens a heavy -fire upon our devoted regiment, the -hills on our front and right being aflame -with the flashes of the “red artillery.” -We advance rapidly, our general leading; -our batteries gallop to the rising -ground, and open on the enemy’s guns -posted near the railroad embankment -<span class='pageno' id='Page_218'>218</span>and which are doing the most execution. -Our guns are splendidly served, and -soon the rebel battery in front and its -infantry supports are seen making quick -time for the fortifications in the woods -at the base of the hill. Now the guns on -the hills redouble their fire, and the din is -terrible. Men are falling at every step, -and so fierce is the concentric artillery -fire of the Confederates that our batteries -have to be withdrawn. Not so the infantry. -It is our part to keep the -rebel force in front employed while -the divisions on our right storm -Marye’s Heights. So we keep steadily -on until a ravine is reached running at -right angles with the one we have left, -and leading nearly up to the rebel entrenchments. -The air is full of screaming -shot and whistling shell, and as we -near the entrance to the ravine, which -is filled with a thick undergrowth of -trees and bushes, our boys are ready -to insist that at least five hundred rebel -cannon have the range and are peppering -us accordingly. Through the hell -of fire we go, marching by the left flank -and closing up our ranks with each -breach, and into the ravine from which -the enemy’s sharpshooters are seen to -scamper like so many rats, as much to -escape the range of their own cannon as -that of our musketry, for we had not as -yet fired a shot.—Here, by hugging the -steep sides, we were partially sheltered -and within half rifle practice of the foe -posted behind their breastworks at the -base of the hill. A brisk fusilade was -kept up, and although we were unsupported -and “in the air” we kept the -Johnnies so busy that they did not attempt -a sortie. By this time, also, the -batteries on Marye’s Heights, which had -enfiladed us, had as much as they could -do nearer home, for Howe and Newton -had begun their advance. It being -deemed useless to attempt to do more -than keep the enemy in our front employed, -our regiment was withdrawn -from the ravine and the Parrotts were -again opened on the position, which we -had, supposed was to be stormed.—“The -war which for a space did fail,” -now opens furiously on our right, and -we watch the advance of the light division -with interest, although our regiment -is still exposed to a galling fire -from riflemen behind the railroad -embankment.—The spectacle was -a thrilling one. The 6th corps batteries -were playing upon the heights, -with might and main, and up the -steep ascent our brave boys were -climbing with all speed. Our hearts -were in our throats as we watched. -Could the heights be stormed? Could -Sedgwick with 10,000 men do what -Burnside failed to do with ten times -that number? Our Colonel, who has -been watching the conflict through his -field-glass, electrifies us at last by exclaiming, -“The heights are ours, boys!” -“Our flag is there!” Such a cheer as -went up must have astonished our -friends just opposite. A rebel brigade, -which had left the entrenchments near -our front and was making all speed to -succor its friends, suddenly halted, -then taking in the situation turned -about and ran back again, its pace being -accelerated by shots from cannon -just taken. The victory was ours thus -far, but at what a cost! It was a brief -triumph, alas! for disaster had overtaken -Hooker, and he was a beaten general -at that moment. We knew it not, however. -Contrariwise it was announced -that Hooker had been even more successful, -and that Lee’s routed army was in -rapid retreat on Richmond. Joy filled -our hearts, even though we mourned the -death of many brave comrades whose -last roll call on earth had been answered -that morning. Hence, when orders -came for our brigade to fall in and take -the lead in the pursuit on our side, they -were obeyed with alacrity, and up and -over the battle-stained heights we -marched, munching our hardtack as we -went, and out upon the Chancellorsville -pike, driving the enemy before us like -chaff before the wind. Two miles out, -a battery opened upon us, but we took -little notice, pushing our skirmish line -rapidly forward. It was a fatal discharge, -however, to an officer on -Brooks’ staff, who fell from his horse, -nearly decapitated by a shell.—One of -our batteries is hurried to the front and a -single discharge causes the enemy to retire -<span class='pageno' id='Page_219'>219</span>on the double quick. We reach Salem -church, nearly exhausted by our rapid -marching, hoping for rest. But the -worst is yet to come. Our skirmish -line is held at bay. It cannot advance, -and our brigade is formed for a charge—my -own regiment, through the negligence -of some one, going into the fight -in heavy marching order, with knapsacks -strung, and blankets strapped. -Meeting a heavy fire of musketry -at the edge of a piece of -woods, the brigade halts. But Gen. -Brooks, who has orders to effect a -junction with Hooker, and deeming -the enemy in front to be the same we -have been driving, orders another advance. -Into the woods we go to be -met by a terrific fire. We charge and -drive the foe from his breastworks, but -can go no further. Heavily reinforced -he advances with yells. There is a -continuous roll of musketry. The -Pennsylvania regiments on our right -and left give ground. We are outflanked -and enfiladed. Then comes -the order to fall back. It must be done -quickly if we would not be entirely cut -off from the second line. Burdened as -many of our men are by their knapsacks, -and fatigued by the march, they -can not run. Such is my condition. -Although with only a blanket to -carry, I am quite used up physically. -The double-quick is beyond my powers, -and with every disposition in the world -to run I cannot to save my life. Suddenly, -one leg refuses to move, and I -fall. A call to my men is unheard, or -if heard, unheeded. I try to regain my -feet, but cannot. My leg seems paralyzed. -Am I hit? wounded? A brother -officer sees me; hears my call for assistance; -and proffers aid; helps me to -my feet, and I stagger along for a few -paces. Meantime, we have been left -far in the rear and are between two -fires. The air is laden with missiles. It -is madness to proceed, and so we both -hug the ground. Doubtless our lives -are saved by this device, but, although -we had not the faintest idea then that -such was the case, it involved our capture -and imprisonment. “The combat -deepens.” The din is awful. Line -after line of Lee’s veterans surges forward; -they intermingle; halt, yell, fire; -then rush on like a mob. It is not until -they have fairly run over us that we -realize our position—that capture is inevitable. -Two lines pass us unnoticed, -when a squad of skirmishers who have -hung on our flank come up and demand -our surrender. There is no alternative, -and that brand-new blade -goes into the hands of a rebel sergeant -whose straight, black hair runs up -through a rent in his hat like a plume. -We are taken to the rear amid a rain of -shot from our batteries, three men -helping me along and two keeping close -guard over my companion. They -seemed in a hurry to get out of range, -and glad of the opportunity our capture -afforded them of retiring with eclat from -the strife. Soon we came upon Gen. -Wilcox and staff nicely ensconced in a -position not accessible to Yankee bullets. -He questioned us, but not getting -satisfactory replies, sent us still further -to the rear (after his Adjutant-General -had purchased my sword of the hatless -sergeant), where we were placed under -guard near a field hospital. Here I -found, upon examination, that I was -not injured, but that my inability to -<span class='pageno' id='Page_220'>220</span>walk without help was due to fatigue -and a slight abrasion on the hip, occasioned -probably by a spent ball. We -were courteously treated by our guards -but could get no food, Stoneman’s raid -having sadly interfered with the rebel -commissariat. Next day we were taken -to Spottsylvania court-house where we -met nearly half of the 11th corps and -learned for the first time the disaster -that had befallen “Fighting Joe” -Hooker. Of the kindness of one of -my captors, Billy Peyton of Memphis, -Tenn., but a member of the -9th Alabama, and his peculiarities, I -should like to speak, but this sketch has -grown on my hands, and I am compelled -to omit an account of my first -visit to Richmond, introduction to Major -Turner, and incarceration in Libby. -Should this sketch please the readers of -this Magazine, I may essay another describing -my prison life, and how near I -came to being annihilated by a fierce -Virginia home guard officer who commanded -the escort which conducted -the detachment of prisoners, of which -I made one, to the flag of truce boat -on the James, going by the way of -Petersburgh.</p> - -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c003'><em>MANNERS AND CUSTOMS IN HOPKINTON—No. 2.</em></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div>BY C. C. LORD.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<h3 class='c010'>RELIGIOUS.</h3> - -<p class='c011'>At first, worship, both private and -public, was conducted in the primative -homes of the settlers of the township. -On the erection of military posts, or -forts, such edifices became natural, social -centres, and worship was conducted -in one or more of them. Rev. -James Scales, first minister of the town, -was ordained in Putney’s Fort, in 1757. -During the ministry of Mr. Scales, public -worship was sometimes conducted -at the Parsonage. The erection of a -church determined a permanent place -of public religious services.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The first meeting-house in Hopkinton -represented a much larger territorial expanse -of population than any church -now extant. Denominational controversies -had not divided the ranks of the -worshipers, nor had local patrons of the -one church demanded special privileges -of their own. The distance to -church was long in many cases, and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_221'>221</span>the conveyances often only the locomotory -means of nature.</p> - -<p class='c005'>In olden times in this vicinity, though -people had the instinct of personal -adornment the same as now, they often -lacked the means of gratifying it. Extra -articles of dress were so rare that people -frequently walked to church in their -daily accustomed garb, or trod the -Sunday path with a most scrupulous -care for their extra wardrobe. Women -sometimes carried the skirts of their -Sunday dresses on their arms till they -arrived near or at the church door, -when they let them fall. The Sunday -shoes were often carried in the hand -till the journey to meeting was nearly -ended, when they were put on for entrance -to the sanctuary. Present readers -can comprehend the necessity of -such care, when they reflect that in the -olden time the price of a week’s work -of a woman was only equivalent to a -yard of cloth, or a pair of shoes.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Church services in the former days -were long, and savored of dogmatic theology. -The principal prayer was much -longer than the present average sermon, -and the discourse proportionally -extended. Such prolonged services -were conducted in winter, at first, without -the favor of any artificial warmth. -In contemplating the situation of the -worshipers in those old wintry days, the -bleakness of the characteristic meeting-house -of the times is to be taken into -account. In the old Baptist church -was an open aperture in an upper wall, -where the crows have been known to -perch while worship was in progress. -The advent of foot-stoves gave much -relief to the chilly congregations of -earlier times, and the introduction of -the general heater put an end to the -extremer experiences of the wintry -Sunday.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The representative minister of the -olden time was a person of eminent -scholarly culture and gentlemanly bearing. -A thorough scholar and rhetorician, -his discourses were framed with -strict regard to the logical sequences of -his subject. The numerical divisions -of his theme often carried him among -units of the second order; firstly, secondly, -and thirdly were only preliminary -to thirteenthly, fourteenthly, and fifteenthly; -the grand category of predications -was terminated by a “conclusion.” -In his loftier intellectual -schemes, he sometimes elaborated -whole volumes of disquisitional matter. -Rev. Ethan Smith, third minister in the -town, was the author of several profound -theological treatises. There was a dignity -and austerity of manner pertaining -to the characteristic primative clergyman -that made him a pattern of personified -seriousness. His grave demeanor -on his parochial rounds, when -he spoke directly upon the obligations -of personal religion, made his presence -in the household a suggestion of profound -respect and awe. He impressed -his personality upon the receptive social -element of his parish. The deacons -became only minor pastors, and -the whole congregation of believers expressed -in subdued form the character -of the shepherd of the flock.<a id='r1' /><a href='#f1' class='c012'><sup>[1]</sup></a></p> - -<div class='footnote' id='f1'> -<p class='c005'><a href='#r1'>1</a>. The austere influence of religion upon -society in the olden time was attested by -the legal strictures upon traveling, -idling, etc., on Sunday, of which conduct -the tything-men were to take cognizance. -Tything-men were chosen in this town as -late as 1843, when Charles Barton, Samuel -Frazier and Daniel Chase were selected. -The law requiring such choice had -even then become virtually a dead letter.</p> -</div> - -<p class='c005'>The support of a “learned and orthodox -minister” was implied in the -original grant of this township. In the -strict construction of the text of the -original compact, “orthodoxy” meant -Calvinistic Congregationalism. The -disturbed condition of the early settlement -prevented the establishment of a -permanent local pastorate till 1757. -On the 8th of September of that year, -it was voted to settle the Rev. James -Scales, and that he should be ordained -on the 23d of the following November. -His salary was to be sixty Spanish -milled dollars, or their equivalent in -paper bills, a year. When the town -became incorporated in 1765, the formal -acknowledgment of Mr. Scales as legal -pastor was renewed, it being the 4th of -March, and his salary was named at -£13, 10s.</p> - -<p class='c005'><span class='pageno' id='Page_222'>222</span>In progress of time different religious -societies became established in this -town, but the Congregational alone -drew support from any portion of the -populace by a direct tax. People were -taxed for the support of the Congregational -ministry in this town as late as -1810. The warrant for a town-meeting -called for the 12th of March, 1811, -contained this article:</p> - -<blockquote> -<p class='c005'>“To see what method the town will -take to raise money for the support of -the Congregational minister in town the -ensuing year, how levied, and how divided -between the two meeting-houses.”</p> -</blockquote> - -<p class='c005'>At this time a meeting-house had -been, for about ten years, in existence at -Campbell’s Corner, in the westerly part -of the town, and since its erection the -funds for the support of Congregational -preaching derived from taxes had been -divided between the east and west -meeting-houses, as they were called. -However, at the town-meeting called -for the above date, it was voted to -“pass over the article” relating to the -proposed support of Congregational -religious services by the town, and we -think the subject was never taken up -again.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The minister’s tax was never collected -of any person who acknowledged a -belief in the religious principles of any -legalized society, other than the Congregational. -The following vote, -passed on the 25th of March, 1799, illustrated -the method of raising the minister’s -tax:</p> - -<blockquote> -<p class='c005'>“Voted to lay a ministerial tax on -the Congregational inhabitants at twenty -cents each on the poll, and upon all -ratable estate in the same proportion, -Congregational inhabitants to be ascertained -by consent, individually, to either -of the selectmen at the time of taking -the inventory.”</p> -</blockquote> - -<p class='c005'>People liable to pay a minister’s tax -sometimes publicly, in town-meeting, -declared their adhesion to the principles -of some one or other of the societies -exempted from the payment of that -tax.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The lease of the parsonage lands in -1798, incurred an annual revenue which -was proportionately divided among the -existing societies till the year 1853. In -the year 1842, when the town for the -first time published a printed report of -its pecuniary transactions, the last division -of parsonage money was declared -to be as follows:</p> - -<table class='table0' summary=''> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1st Congregational society,</td> - <td class='c013'>$27.88</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>2d Congregational society,</td> - <td class='c013'>4.39</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Calvinist Baptist, society,</td> - <td class='c013'>13.88</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Union Baptist, society,</td> - <td class='c013'>16.12</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Episcopalian society,</td> - <td class='c013'>9.64</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1st Universalist society,</td> - <td class='c013'>4.21</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>2d Universalist society,</td> - <td class='c013'>10.31</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Methodist society,</td> - <td class='c013'>1.43</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p class='c005'>The round total was set down at $88.00.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The 2d Congregational society -dropped out of the list in 1851. The -last allowance to this society was fifty-six -cents. The town report of the year -1853, contained the following and last -list of apportionments of parsonage -money:</p> - -<table class='table0' summary=''> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Congregational society,</td> - <td class='c013'>$30.09</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Union Baptist society,</td> - <td class='c013'>19.04</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Calvinist Baptist society,</td> - <td class='c013'>15.72</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Episcopalian society,</td> - <td class='c013'>4.40</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1st Universalist society,</td> - <td class='c013'>7.57</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>2d Universalist society,</td> - <td class='c013'>7.10</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>Methodist society,</td> - <td class='c013'>4.18</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p class='c005'>The total of this list was also set down -in round numbers as $88.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The above figures are suggestive in -presenting a view of the relative -strength of the different societies at the -specific times stated. It is interesting -to note that certain of the societies -soon lost all traces of even a nominal -existence, after the suspension of the -parsonage revenues. For some time -they had kept up a show of vitality by -making their portion of the parsonage -fund a nucleus of an outlay for a few -days’ preaching in the year.</p> - -<p class='c005'>In the march of the years, the old peculiarities -of local religious life have -given place to new features and forms. -It is needless to say that some of the -old formalities died hard. Innovations -were distrusted. The experience in -view of proposed changes was substantially -uniform in all the churches. Even -the staid Episcopalians were ruffled by -<span class='pageno' id='Page_223'>223</span>unaccustomed ceremonies. When, for -the first time, the choir of the Episcopal -church chanted the <cite><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gloria Patri</span></cite>, -which before had been read only, an indignant -lady abruptly shut her prayer -book in unfeigned disgust. The greater -jealousy formerly existing between -different denominations is well known. -It is said this inharmonious feeling was -once sought to serve an innovating use. -A person prominent in musical circles -sought to influence the leading minds -of the Congregational church in favor -of the purchase of a bass viol. As an -extreme argumentative resort he suggested, -“The poor, miserable Baptists -have got one.” Tradition, however, -doesn’t relate the effect of this suggestion.</p> - -<h3 class='c010'>COMMERCIAL.</h3> - -<p class='c011'>The country store of the earliest -times was a more emphatic collection -of multitudinous varieties of articles, if -possible, than the later place of local -public traffic. Then, as now, the local -store was the principal resort of the -great commonalty. Men of special vocations -sometimes took a stock of products -to the lower country and bartered -for goods to bring back and distribute -among their neighbors, and the itinerant -merchant, or pedlar, reaped a much -better harvest than now; but the -country store was a popular necessity -and well patronized. At first there was -less trading in domestic luxuries; the -goods in store represented the common -necessities. Since the popular idea of -necessity does not fully exclude the illusory -principle, we have to admit rum, -gin, brandy, etc., into the former list of -domestic staples. Cash and barter -were entertained by every tradesman, -to whom the populace largely looked -for advantageous exchanges of substance. -The progress of the settlement -was attended by the extension, and to -some extent by the classification, of -trade till the time when Hopkinton assumed -the commercial importance described -in a previous article.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The currency employed in the transaction -of business was at first nominally -English, though Spanish milled dollars -were in circulation. One of the inconveniences -of the early settlers of New -England was a scarcity of money. The -different provincial governments sought -to relieve the public financial burdens -by the issue of Bills of Credit, a currency -mentioned in the records of this -town as “old tenor.” Such a circulating -medium in such a time could only depreciate -in value, but, following a custom -obtaining in the old country, the -purchasing value of these bills could -from time to time be fixed by the local -legislatures. About the year 1750, it -was established throughout the provinces -that £1 in the currency of the Bills of -Credit should be equivalent to two shillings -and eight pence lawful money, and -that six shillings should be equal to one -dollar.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The preliminary events of the Revolution -involved the establishment of a -system of Continental currency. At the -time of the first issue of a paper circulating -medium, in 1775, the Continental -notes were nearly at par with gold, but -they soon fell to comparative nothingness -in value. The effect of this collapse -in monetary matters was amply -illustrated in the public transactions of -the town of Hopkinton. At a town -meeting held in 1781, it was voted that -the price of a day’s work on the highway, -by a man, should be $30; the price of a -day’s work by a yoke of oxen, $30; the -price of a plow and cart, $10 each. -The salary of the Rev. Elijah Fletcher, -second minister of the town, was also -voted to be $4000 for the year, but the -reverend pastor preferred to accept £70 -in gold equivalents, and declined the -larger nominal sum. The success of -the American cause, and the permanent -establishment of the public credit, gave -a correspondingly improved aspect to -local affairs, and in later times this town -has experienced fluctuations in prices -in common with the general country.</p> - -<p class='c005'>During the period of Hopkinton’s -greater importance as a commercial station, -a bank was maintained here for a few -years. The institution was known as -the Franklin Bank, and was incorporated -in 1833. The grantees were Horace -Chase, Nathaniel Gilman, Isaac Long, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_224'>224</span>Jr., William Little, Joseph Stanwood, -Matthew Harvey, Andrew Leach, Moses -Gould, Ebenezer Dustin, Timothy -Chandler, Stephen Darling, and James -Huse. The operations of this bank seem -to have been exceedingly bungling during -the short term of its existence, and it -finally settled with its creditors at ninety -cents on a dollar. The Franklin Bank -occupied the building now used by the -Hopkinton Public Library.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The standard of quantities to be recognized -in commercial transactions has, -from remote times, been a subject of -legal regulation. The weights and measures -first used in this town were the -standards of older communities. In a -record made in the year 1804, the town -of Hopkinton declared the local standard -to be as follows:</p> - -<table class='table0' summary=''> - <tr><th class='c014' colspan='2'>WEIGHTS OF IRON.</th></tr> - <tr><td> </td></tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>56 lbs.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>28 lbs.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>24 lbs.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>7 lbs.</td> - </tr> - <tr><td> </td></tr> - <tr><td> </td></tr> - <tr><th class='c014' colspan='2'>WEIGHTS OF BRASS.</th></tr> - <tr><td> </td></tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>4 lbs.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>2 lbs.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>1 lb.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>½ lb.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>2 oz.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>1 oz.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>½ oz.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class='c007'>1</td> - <td class='c013'>¼ oz.</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p class='c005'>For the use of the above weights the -town recognized “two small scale beams -with brass dishes,” and also “one large -scale beam with boards, and strung with -iron wires.” The <em>wooden dry measures</em> -were specific as 1 half-bushel, 1 peck, -1 half-peck, 1 two-quart, and 1 quart; -while the <em>copper liquid measures</em> were -started to be 1 gallon, 1 two-quart, 1 -quart, 1 pint, 1 half-pint, and 1 gill.</p> - -<p class='c005'>By legal requirement, the standard of -weights and measures is regulated by a -town sealer to this day, such officer -being chosen annually at the town-meeting -in March, but the modern -improvements and facilities for determining -quantities have made a practically -dead letter of the present law requiring -his selection.</p> - -<p class='c005'>For many years a public hay-scales -occupied a site in the rear of the -Congregational meeting-house. It was -simply an immense scale beam and -platform, the whole apparatus being -covered with a roof. It long ago passed -away to give place to the modern hay-scales.</p> - -<h3 class='c010'>POLITICAL.</h3> - -<p class='c011'>In the earlier history of this town, -politics and religion were closely related. -For many years the affairs of the legally -established, or Congregational, church -were arranged by vote of the town. -The intimate relation existing between -the church and the town made the -meeting-house and town-house at first -identical. The earliest town-meeting -held in the first meeting-house was on -the 2d of March, 1767. Previously, -town-meetings had been held at private -houses. Town-meetings continued to -be held in the church till 1799, when -use was first made of the old Hillsborough -county Court House, the -annual meeting of that year being held -in the upper room of the county edifice. -Town-meeting has since been held -annually on the same spot.</p> - -<p class='c005'>At the time of the incorporation of -the town, in 1765, annual town-meetings -were legally held only on the first Monday -in March. In the year 1803, the -State legislature fixed the date of annual -town-meetings at the second Tuesday -of the same month. Till the year 1813, -when the State established a law requiring -the use of an alphabetical list -of voters at town-meetings, public legal -gatherings in town had been conducted -with less formality than has been maintained -since, but the regard for parliamentary -proprieties had been sufficient -to prevent any disorder or unskillfulness -of a serious nature.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The instincts of the people of this -town have always largely partaken of a -Democratic character. There has been -a prominent jealousy of individual -rights. This feature of local political -life was exhibited in the very earliest -times, when individuals frequently appeared -at the moderator’s desk to record -their names in opposition to some -measure or other passed by the majority. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_225'>225</span>Even to this day the doctrine of individual -rights is strongly asserted by the -mass of persons of whatever party -name. In the days of the prolonged -supremacy of the Democratic party, -the lines of party distinction were drawn -so clearly that scarcely a Whig was ever -permitted to represent the town at the -General Court. Once, in 1844, there -was a kind of general compromise between -parties, and Moses Colby, a Whig, -and Samuel Colby, a Democrat, were sent -to the legislature together. For quite -a number of years there was a compromise -on the subject of selectmen, -and a general consent gave the Whigs annually -one member in a board of three; -but this arrangement was broken up by -a fancied or real attempt of the Whigs -to take more than their customarily allotted -portion of the chosen.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Till the year 1855, when the Democrats -lost the general control of political -affairs in town for the first time, the constantly -prevailing superiority had prevented -the practice or necessity of much -caucusing. A few leading ones put -their heads together and gave a definite -impulse to the party movement. The -process worked very well, except when -now and then an accident would happen, -as, for instance, when a refractory candidate -insisted in pushing his private -claims at all hazards. Caucusing, -however, had been practiced more or -less previously to 1855, but since this -date the closeness of the popular vote -has often led to a degree of figuring and -planning that can be easily comprehended -by all accustomed to watch the -movements of political leadership in -New Hampshire during the last quarter -of a century.</p> - -<p class='c005'>We have shown, in a previous article, -that the Democrats of this town held a -majority on the Governor’s vote till -1865. However, in 1855, the American -party elected two representatives—Paul -R. George and Timothy Colby—and -three selectmen.</p> - -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_226'>226</span> - <h2 class='c003'><em>MALAGA.</em></h2> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c006'> - <div>BY VIANNA A. CONNOR.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c005'><span class='small'>[This article from Miss Connor, written from Malaga last summer, having been mislaid, after its reception, -is published at this time as not without interest, notwithstanding the delay.—<span class='sc'>Ed.</span>]</span></p> - -<p class='c005'>The streets of Malaga always present -an animated appearance. One -never sees here that dead calm which -pervades many of our northern cities -in midsummer. At all hours of the -day the air resounds with the sonorous -voices of men and boys calling out -whatever they may have to sell. Fish -of all kinds, fruits, live turkeys and -many other things may be obtained in -this way, with the additional entertainment -of listening to a loud and heated -discussion between the servant and -vender regarding the price. If the latter -chances to be a boy, he summons a -flood of tears to his assistance, having -acquired, as a part of his occupation, -the faculty of crying when occasion demands. -The servant, accustomed to -mechanical weeping, is immovable and -the youthful imposter is finally compelled -to receive a fair price for his -wares.</p> - -<p class='c005'>Every afternoon at five o’clock, an -old man with a bright, cheerful face -passes our window calling out “barquillos” -in a clear, musical voice which -makes itself heard at a long distance. -The children crowd around him while -he takes from a green box strapped -over his shoulder, a tube made of light -paste, on one end of which he puts a -white foamy substance, composed of -the whites of eggs and sugar. At this -juncture, the little ones become frantic -and jostle each other in a most unceremonious -manner, in their eagerness to -possess the delicate morsel. Each one -is served and the poor old man goes -on his way rejoicing ever the few -quartas which will buy his daily bread. -Barquillos are also obtained at restaurants -as an accompaniment for ices, -and seem to be relished by children of -a larger growth, as well as others.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The business of the ware houses -commences at an early hour and continues -through the day; carts drawn by -mules are constantly passing while the -industrious little donkeys may be seen -marching in a line, following their leader, -who has a bell to announce his -coming. During the vintage, long lines -of donkeys laden with boxes of raisins -come from the vineyards, horses never -being used except in cabs and private -carriages. The cab horses are poor, -old animals which seem to have lived -as long as nature intended, but are -kept alive by some mysterious agency, -and by dint of much urging and whipping -manage to move at a slow pace. -One day, when we were taking a drive, -the horse suddenly stopped and the -driver dismounted. To our inquiry, as to -the cause of delay he replied, “<i><span lang="es" xml:lang="es">no es -nada</span></i>” (it is nothing), resumed his seat -and we started again, but had not proceeded -far when the animal absolutely -refused to go; this time we insisted upon -alighting and were coolly informed -that the horse was only a little <i><span lang="es" xml:lang="es">cansado</span></i> -(tired). Many more instances might -be cited illustrating the manner in -which dumb animals are abused in a -country where there are no laws prohibiting -it, or if such laws exist they are -not enforced.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The animation prevailing through -the day by no means diminishes as -night approaches, although of a very -different character. At twilight, the -higher classes sally forth to the Alameda -<span class='pageno' id='Page_227'>227</span>or Muelle (mole), to enjoy the refreshing -breeze from the sea, while -those of lower estate seek some place -of rendezvous and indulge in their idle -gossip. An occasional troubadour -steals to some obscure corner and -sends forth plaintive sounds from his -faithful guitar, not unfrequently some -youthful swain is inspired to add the -charms of his voice, and the “Malaguenas” -bursts forth in all its primative -sweetness. The enthusiasm of the -Spaniards on hearing their national airs -is something remarkable, they become -quite wild with excitement and applaud -in the most vociferous manner. Foreigners, -also, who have spent some -time in the country, share this enthusiasm, -which seems to be caused more -by a certain rhythmical peculiarity, than -by any extraordinary merit of the music -itself.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The romantic days of Spain are past, -when the lover stood beneath the balcony -of his sweetheart, wooing her -with the gentle strains of his guitar. To -us it seems a matter of regret that this -ancient custom no longer exists, but it -undoubtedly relieves many anxious -parents as it particularly favored clandestine -courtships. A Spanish gentleman -of our acquaintance who is blessed -with seven daughters, and occupies a -house containing twenty balconies, -congratulates himself upon the change -in love-making as it would be impossible -to keep watch over all, even by -constantly rushing from one balcony to -another. At the present day the suitor -is admitted to the salon, where he may -converse with the object of his affections, -but always in the presence of her -parents. Spanish mammas would be -shocked at the freedom allowed American -girls in receiving visits from the -opposite sex and accepting their escort -to places of entertainment.</p> - -<p class='c005'>The feast of Corpus Christi was celebrated -in Malaga with much <em>eclat</em>. For -two weeks previous preparations were -going on for the fair, which takes -place at this time, booths being arranged -on one side of the Alameda and -filled with a variety of articles, useful -and ornamental, calculated to please -the eye and lighten the pockets of -passers-by, while others were provided -with these substantial things needful to -satisfy the wants of the inner man. At -night the Alameda was most brilliantly -illuminated by long lines of lights extending -the whole length on either side, -also across the centre at intervals, with -occasional circles and clusters, producing -a most dazzling effect. At each -end, in front of the fountains were -erected two pavillions, one under the -direction of a club styled the “<span lang="es" xml:lang="es">Circulo -Mercantil</span>,” the other by the members -of the “Lycio” both of which were -handsomely decorated with flags and -flowers and provided with comfortable -seats. We availed ourselves of the opportunity -to attend the balls given in -these pavillions, and found them exceedingly -diverting. In the centre, a -space was reserved for the dancers, -who tripped the “light fantastic” with -apparent enjoyment, notwithstanding -the disadvantages of little room and -much heat. The <i><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">toilettes</span></i> of the ladies -were varied and elegant, displaying a -taste which would do credit to Worth -himself, while the national costume, -worn by a few young ladies, far exceeded -the most charming conceptions of -that famous artist. This costume, called -the “<em>Maja</em>,” is extremely picturesque, -especially when combined with -the piquant faces and nonchalant airs -of the Spanish girls. It consists of a -skirt of bright red or blue satin, edged -with a broad trimming of black <i><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">chenille</span></i>; -with this is worn a black velvet bodice, -the hair is arranged in finger puffs, with -a high comb placed jauntily on one -side, and a few flowers gracefully twined -among the dark tresses; a Spanish -mantilla, and laced slippers, just disclosed -beneath the short skirt, complete -this beautiful costume, rich in fabric, -but simple in design, and above all allowing -a graceful freedom which our -present straight laced fashions render -<span class='pageno' id='Page_228'>228</span>impossible. Weary of the brilliancy -and animation of the ballroom, we -passed to the garden where tables were -arranged for refreshments, and amid -the sound of inspiring music and the -gentle murmur of the fountain, partook -of delicate viands served by attentive -waiters. The arrangement of -these pavillions was perfect in every respect, -contributing in the highest degree -to the comfort of the guests, and -long shall we bear in remembrance the -pleasant evenings they afforded us.</p> - -<p class='c005'>On Corpus Christi day a long and -imposing procession marched through -the principal streets, carrying an image -of the “Virgin” robed in black velvet -elaborately embroidered in gold, and a -large “<i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Custodia</span></i>” of solid silver containing -the “<em>host</em>.” The clergy, in -their clerical gowns, with their faces -plump and glossy, walked along in a -self-satisfied manner, confident of good -cheer in this world, whatever may -await them in another. The civil and -military authorities added their dignified -presence, followed by a large concourse -of people with wax candles. -The streets and balconies were filled -with men, women, and children of all -ages and classes, every available space -being occupied. In the afternoon a -bull fight took place, and a ball in the -evening ended the programme of the -day.</p> - -<p class='c005'>In the midst of the festivities of the -week, the Queen’s illness was announced, -causing a suspension of all -gayety, and her subsequent death was -followed by a season of mourning. The -Alameda was stripped of its superfluous -adornings, and the sound of music no -longer filled the air with its sweet harmonies. -Funeral services were solemnized -in the Cathedral, and many a -fervent prayer ascended to Heaven for -the repose of the dead, and the resignation -of the bereaved young King.</p> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='tnotes'> - -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c003'>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES</h2> -</div> - <ol class='ol_1 c006'> - <li>Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling. - - </li> - <li>Anachronistic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed. - </li> - </ol> - -</div> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Granite Monthly. Vol. II. No. 7. -Apr., 1879, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GRANITE MONTHLY. 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